We wish to express our appreciation to the Detroit Edison Company for permission to issue this report under the College of Engineering Industry Program.

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR Study of the Feasibility of Aqueous Recovery of Spent Fuels PART 2. PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS UNDERGOING CHEMICAL PROCESSING JOSEPH J. BULMER H. A. OHLGREN J. G.. LEWIS Project 2240 CONSUMERS POWER COMPANY (JACKSON COUNTY) FOR THE DOW CHEMICAL —DETROIT EDISON AND ASSOCIATES ATOMIC -POWER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT June, 1954

1 41omm v - ~ 1 b W< E:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Properties of Materials 1 Bibliography 43 Index 44 ii

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN STUDY ON THE FEASIBILITY OF AQUEOUS RECOVERY OF SPENT FUELS PART 2 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS UNDERGOING CHEMICAL PROCESSING INITODUCTION This report is a portion of a study being conducted on the feasibility of the aqueous recovery of spent fuels resulting from the operation of a nuclear reactor. This study was undertaken at the request of the Consumers Power Company of Jackson County for the Dow Chemical - Detroit Edison and Associates Atomic Power Development Project, The aqueous recovery of spent nuclear fuels would,;require the use of a chemical processing plant. The design of such a facility is necessarily dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the materials to be treated. In this report are presented properties of many of the materials which are likely to be encountered in the chemical processing of spent fuels. The compilation of these data will facilitate the process design calculations which will appear in subsequent reports. With one exception, the properties listed were obtained from the standard reference works and contemporary literature which are listed in the bibliography. The exception is that the properties of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and sodium hydroxide were taken from a private communication received from Mr. A. V. Cowan. PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS Pertinent properties of the materials are listed on the following pages. '~ I ~'~~~~~~~~

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Aluminum Nitrate2,3 a. Formula Al(N) 39H2 b. Molecular weight 375.14 cs Melting point 163.4~F d. Solubility Very soluble in cold H20 Soluble in alcohol Soluble in CS2 ^~ 2 ~^

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Amsco 123-15* a Specific gravity 0. 7857 b. Density 6.541 pounds/gallon American Solvent Company, San Francisco, California.

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Calcium2, a. Formula Ca b. Molecular weight 40.o8 c. Specific gravity 1.55 at 68~F d. Melting point 14i90~F e. Solubility Slightly soluble in alcohol Soluble in acid f. Latent heat of fusion 8.899 Btu/mole g. Specific heat 5.31 + 0.00333T cal/gm-atom-~K, where T = "K 4 4

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Chromic Sulfate2'3 a.c Forimula Cr2(S04) 3 b. Molecular weight 392.2 c. Specific gravity 3.012 d. Solubility Insoluble in water Insoluble in alcohol e. Specific heat 0.1486 Btu/mol-OF 5

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Chromic Sulfate (Hydrate) 23 a. Formula Cr2(S04) 5H20 b. Molecular weight 482428 c. Solubility Soluble in water Soluble in alcohol Soluble in sulfuric acid 6

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Chromic Sulfate (Hydrate )23 a. Formula Cr2( S4 ) 15H20 b. Molecular weight 662.44 c. Specific gravity.1867 d. Melting point 212~F e. Solubility Soluble in cold water Decomposes in water at 152,6~F Slightly soluble in alcohol 7 ~

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE D UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. Chromic Sulfate (Hydrate) 2' a. Formula Cr2(S04) 3*l 82 b. Molecular weight 716.49 c. Specific gravity 1.7 at 72oF d.. Solubility Soluble in cold water Decomposes in hot water Soluble in alcohol 8

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Chromiumn2, a- Weight composition 100% Cr be Molecular weight 52*01 c Specific gravity 7.1 d. Melting point 29399F e. Solubility Insoluble in water Soluble in hydrochloric acid Soluble in dilute sulfuric acid Insoluble in nitric acid f. Latent heat of fusion 15.519 Btu/mole g. Specific heat 4.84 + 0O00295T cal/gm-atom-"K where T = OK 9

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Chromious Sulfate (hydrate) 2' a. Formula CrS04,*7H20 b, Molecular weight 274.18 c. Solubility Soluble in water Slightly soluble in alcohol 10

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid a. Density Hydrofluoric Acid, Density, g/cc weight percent O0C 15~C 5 1.022 1.017 10 1,042 1*035 15 1.060 1,054 20 1.078 1*072 25 1,.096 1L091 30 1.113 '14109 35 1.130 1.129 40 1.148 1,149 45 1170 1.169 50 1.192 1.190 55 1.220 1*209 60 1,240 65 1.253 70 1,260 75 1.261 80o 1*255 85 1X234 90 1,190 95 10,o0 11

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN b, Partial Vapor Pressure of Hydrogen Fluoride and Water over Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid Partial Weight Percent of Hydrofluoric Acid Pressure, _ rm Hg 5 10 15 20 2 30 35 40 HF: 0O61 1.24 235 35.82 5.75 25OC H20: 14.0.10,4 10 1 10l1 HF: 0.11.053 0.94 135 4oe H20: 49.5 45.7 42.0 38.4 HF: 0.2 0085 1,80 351 5.1 8,6 156 24.0 1H120 84e7 75.0 65,o0 55.0 45.7 39.2 3557 33.2 HF: 0,49 152 2.6 5*2 8,7 12,8 60~C H120: 131 119 107 95 83 71*3 BHF 1.97 3578 7.2 12*0 20.0 29.8 750C H20O: 267 245.5 227 204 173 133 ~' ~ 12

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN c* Specific Gravity of Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid Solution at-0OC/4"C Be Specific. Perce nt Grams-per. Lbs per 7" Lbs per Gravity EF liter cu ft gallon 2.8 1.020 5 5100 3. 184 0.4256 5.6 1.040 10 104.0 6. 492 0., 8679 8.2 1o060 15 1594.0 9 926 1.327 10,7 1 080 20 216. 0 13,48 1.803 3.1 1..099 25.2748 17*15 2.293 15.4 1.119 30 3355x7 20*96 2.801 17.7 1.139 35 398-7.2489 3.327 19. 9 1,159 40 463.6 28.94 3. 869 21,9 1.178 45 530. 1 33.09 4.424 24.0 1,198 50 599 0 3739 4,999 25.9 1.217 55 669. 4 41.78 5.586 27.6 1,235 60 741.0 46.26 6.184 28,8 1.248 65 811.2 50.t64 6.770 29,7 1.258 70 880,6 54.,97 7; 349 30,0 1.261 72 907.9 56,68 7.577 30.1 1.262 74 933,9 58,30 7.793 30.1 1.,262 76 959.1 59.87 8o004 30, 0 1261 78 983.56 6140 8.208 29.8 1.259 80 1007 62,88 8,405 29*5 le255 82 1029 64.24 8,588 28.6 1,246 84 1047 65.34 8.734 27 4 1*233 86 1060 66,20 8*849 25.5 1..213 88 1067 66. 64 8.908 21.9 1,178 90 1060 66.18 8.848 11,9 1,089 95 1035 64 58 8.633 0 07 1.0005 100 100 1 62, 46 8.349 13

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN d, Specific Gravity of Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid Solution at 200C/4C Specific Percent Grams per Lbs per Lbs per Be' Gravity HF liter cu ft gallon 2,4 1.017 5 50.85 '3174 0,4244 4,9 1,035 10 1003 6..461 0.8637 7.3 1.053 15 158.0 9. 860 0. 318 9,5 1.070 20 214.0 13 36 1.786 11.5 1.086 25 271.5 16,95 2.266 13j.3 1,101 30 330.3 20.62 2.756 15.1 1.116 35 390,6 24,38 35260 16,7 1130 40 452.,o 28,22 3.772 18,1 1143 45 514,4 32,11 4,.292 195 1155 50 577*5 36,05 4.819 e. Surface Tension of Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid. at 25~C Molarity Surface Tension, of HF dynes/cm 0 7L.0 7-5 57-7 13.0 52.4 27,0 42,6 L14

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN f. Specific Conductivity of Aueous Hydrofluoric Acid Solutions Weight Molarity Specific Conductivity, Percent of HF ohml cm l of HF at 0 C 00C 18C 5 2.55 0.05 01 0,064 10 5 2 O.102 0.122 15 8.0 0..153 0.176 20 10io8 0.204 0.233 25 135.7 0..255 0.288 30 16.,8 0..305 0.-4345 35 19.8 0.355 40 23 1 0.405 45 26.5 0o.46o 50 30o0 0.517 55 3.35 0o577 60 0 37o 0.620 65 40o5 o 654 70 44,0 o0676 75 47. 1 0.680 80 50.3 0&.662 85 52.7 0.616 90 53.0 0.34o 95 51-7 0.175 15

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN g, Solubil.ity of Hydrofluoric Acid in Water and Boiling Points of Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid at Atmospheric Pressure Boiling Point of HF at Weight Percent Solubility of HF in H20. Atmospheric Pressure, C.of 'F Temperature, C Solid Phase 100.053 0.20 100,262 1.10 100.o464 199 100.743 2. 98 100oo925 3,54 101.496 5.78 9,5 - 10 Ice 102 516 9-,62 103.754 12 9 148 - 20 Ice 105.216 15. 00 108.80 18,65 19,0 30 Ice 111,56 2244 22:75 - 40 Ice 25.5 - 50 Ice 113..83 27419 27.5 - 60 Ice 29 75 70 2 Eutectic 114485 30570 34.0 - 60 HF- H2.0 115.18 35437 39 0 - 50 HF. H20 113.21 43.17 45.8 - 40 H ^H20 52 62 35.4 MP. HF -H20 63-75 5.60o4 58 W5 840 HF L- 4o 55.70 58,8 5 645 -50 HF H20 43.60 658.4. 50,46 61o3 68.2 ' 60 HF H20 70o0 -70 -2: H20 70 71 - 75.2 H F H20 + 2HF 75:5 80 2HF H420 78,. 3 90 2HF H20 79-,2 -100 2HF H20 79.39 -101, 4 Eutectic 81, 62 -6100. 3 M.P. 4I- 20 89,1 -110 4EHF H20 92,0 -100 HF 28.95 92,51 27,89 93,28 26,89 94.07 24,89 95-,69 96.0. - 90 HF 22.87 97, 37 20,81 99.11 19.54 100.00 - 83.,01 M,.P, HF " 16

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Hydrogen 3 a. Formula H2 b. Molecular weight 2e016 c. Specific gravity of liquid 0.0709 at -423~F 0.06948 referred to air at 100000 d. Melting point -434~F e* Solubility Slightly soluble in H20 Slightly soluble in Fe, Pd. and Pt f. Latent heat of fusion 0,111 Btu/mole g. Thermal conductivity oF K, Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) 32 0.100 122 0.115 212 0.129 572 0.178 h. Specific heat 6.62 + 0.00081T cal/mole-~K where T = ~K 17

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Hydrogen Peroxide2,3 a, Formula H202 b, Molecular weight 34,02 c, Specific gravity 1,438 d. Melting point 304~F e. Boiling point 304,52~F f. Solubility Infinitely soluble in water Soluble in alcohol g, Latent heat of fusion 10 Btu/mole ~ i~~~~~~~~8~

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Iodine2 a, Formula 12 be Molecular weight 253*84 c4 Specific gravity 14,93 at 68~F d, Melting point 234.1~F e, Boiling point 364~F f.Solubility Slightly soluble in hot water Soluble in alcohol Soluble in KI g. Latent heat of fusion 1448 Btu/mole h* Specific heat 0.0198 Btu/mole-~F '"19

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Iron2 a. Weight composition 100% Fe b. Molecular weight 55.85 c. Specific gravity 7.86 at 68~F d. Melting point 2795~F e, Solubility Insoluble in water Soluble in alcohol Insoluble in alkali f. Latent heat of fusion 14,13 Btu/mole g. Thermal conductivity 34.9 Btu/(hr)(ft2) (F/ft) at 64~F 36.6 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 212~F h. Specific heat 6.12 + 0.00336T cal/gm atom-~K where T = ~K 20

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Isopropyl Alcoho12'3 a Formula (CH) 2CHOH b4 Molecular weight 60*09 c. Boiling point 180o.5F at 1 atmosphere d. Specific heat of liquid 0 52 Btu/lb-~F at -40F e, Specific gravity 0,789 at 87~F f. Latent heat of vaporization 286.2 Btu/lb.21

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Magnesium2' l a. Weight composition 100% Mg b,. Molecular weight.24322 c. Specific gravity 1X74 at 68~F d. Melting point 1203,8~F e. Solubility Slightly soluble in hot water Soluble in acid fx Latent heat of fusion 8*57 Btu/mole g. Specific heat 6420 + 0.00133T- 67,800/T2 cal/gm atom-~K where T = ~K h. Thermal conductivity 92.0 Btu/(hr)(ft2)( F/ft) 22

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Nitric Acid a, Specific Gravity at 60~F/60~F Be' Specific Gravity Percent HN03 10.0 140741 12.86 11.0 1,0821 14,13 12.0 1.0902 15.41 13. 0 1.,0985 16472 14,0 1,1069 18.,04 15.0 1,1154 19,36 16,0 1,1240 20.69 17.0 1:1328 22.04 18.0 1.1417 23.42 19,0 1.1508 24'82 20.0 1 1600 26,42 21,0 1.1694 27,67 22.0 1.1789 29,07 23*0 1,1885 30.,49 24,0 1,1983 31.94 25. 0 1.2083 33.42 26,0 1 2185 34.94 27.0 1,2288 36,48 28,0 11,2393 38 o06 29.0 1.2500 39..66 30.0 1,2609 41,30 31.:0 1^2719 43.00 32,0.1.2832 44.78 3340 1,2946 46,58 34. 0 1.3063 48.42 3550 1 3182 50 32 36.0 1.3303 52,30 37.0 1,3426 54,36 38.0 1 3551 56.52 39.0 1,3679 58.82 40.0 1,3810 61,38 41,0 143942 64.20 42.0 1,4078 67,18 43.0 1. 4216 70. 33 44,0 1.,4356 7,367 45.0 1.4500 77^17 46.0 1.4646 81.08 47.0 1.4796 85,70 48,0 1,4948 91*35 23

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Nitric Oxide2'3 a Formula NO b. Molecular weight 30l01 c. Specific gravity 1L0367 referred to air at 1.0000 d. Melting point -257,8~F e. Solubility Soluble in water Soluble in alcohol Soluble in sulfuric acid f. Latent heat of fusion 2.,18 Btu/mole g, Thermalconductivity 0,0138 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 32~F h. Specific heat 8,05 +.0o00233T - 156300/T2 cal/mole-K where T = K 24

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Nitrogen2 3 a, Formula N2 b. Molecular weight 28.02 c, Specific gravity 12,5 at 32~F referred to H at 1-.0 d. Solubility Soluble in water Slightly soluble in alcohol e. Latent heat of fusion 0.683 Btu/mole f Thermal conductivity 0,0140 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 32~F 0,0160 Btu/(hr)(ft2) (oF/ft) at 122~F 0,0180 Btu/(hr)(ft2) (F/ft) at 212~F h. Specific heat 6,50 + O00100T cal/mole-~K where T = ~K i: Vapor pressure Temperature Pressure, OF — ABtmospheres -320 1 -308 2! -290 5 - ~25

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Nitrogen Dioxide2' 3 a. Formula NO2 b. Molecular weight 46 01 c. Specific gravity 10448 at 68OF d. Melting point 30.^140F e, Boiling point 70O340F f~ Solubility Decomposes in water Soluble in nitric acid Soluble in sulfuric acid Soluble in carbon disulfide.26

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Nitrous Oxide2'3 a. Formula N20 b, Molecular weight 44,02 c, Specific gravity 15530 referred to air at 1,000 d. Melting point -152,14~F e. Solubility Soluble in water Soluble in sulfuric acid Soluble in alcohol f. Latent heat of fusion 620 Btu/mole g, Thermal conductivity 0.0087 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(OF/ft) at 32~F 0,0128 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 212~F 27

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 2 3 Potassium 2' a. Weight composition 100% K b.. Molecular weight 39,.10 c^ Specific gravity 0,86 at 68"F do Melting point 144i140F e. Solubility Decomposes in water Soluble in alcohol Soluble in acid f.Latent heat of fusion 2,28 Btu/mole g. Specific heat 5.24 + 0.00555T cal/gm atom-"K where T = ~K 28

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Sodium2. 3,4 a. Weight composition 100l Na b. Molecular weight 22.997 c. Melting point 208,060F d. Density 60.6 lbs/ft3 at 32~F e. Latent heat of fusion 2.47 Btu/mole f. Specific heat Cp(solid) = 99555 - 0.028053T + 0.000057883T2 cal/gm atom-~K C (liquid.) = 8.9581- 00045788T + 0.0000025409T2 cal/gm atom-~K where T = ~K g. Thermal conductivity State Temperature, OF K, Btu/(hr)(ft2)(oF/ft) 32 78:5 104 74.6 old -_.176 70.7 208.06 69.0 482 45.5 Liquid. 752 41.2 1022 37.0 h. Viscosity Temperature, "F Viscosity, lb/ft-sec 320 3.49 500 2,53 752 1,.88 io Solubility Decomposes in water and forms NaOH Insoluble in benzene Decomposes in alcohol 29

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Sodium Hydroxide a. Specific Gravity of Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide Solutions at 200C/4~C Percent Specific Concentration of Sodium Hydroxide of NaOH Gravity gm/liter lbs/ft3 lbs/gal 1 1.0095 10.10 0, 6302 0.0842 2 1.0207 20 41 1.274 0.1704 3 1,0318 30.95 1.932 0.2583 4 1.0428 41.71 2.604 0.3481 5 1 0538 52.69 3.289 0.4397 6 1.0648 63.89 3,988 0 5332 7 1.0758 75 31 4.701 0.6284 8 1 o869 86..95 5.428 0.7256 9 1.0979 98.81 6.168 0.8246 10 1,1089 110.9 6.923 0.9254 12 1.1309 135.7 8,472 1.113 14 1.1530 161^4 10,08 1.347 16 1.1751 188.0 11.74 1.569 18 1.1972 215,5 13.45 1.798 20 1.2191 243,8 15.22 2.035 22 1.2411 273.0 17-05 2.279 24 1.2629 303o.1 18.92 2,529 26 1,2848 334,0 20.85 2.788 28 1.3064 36558 22.84 3.053 30 1*3279 398.4 24.87 3.324 32 1.3490 431 7 26.95 3.602 34 1.3696 465.7 29.07 3.886 36 1.39 00 5004 31.24 4.176 38 1,4101 535.8 33o45 4.472 40 1.4300 572.0 35.71 4.773 42 1,4494 608.7 38o00 5.080 44 1.4685 646,1 40.34 5.392 46 1.4873 684.2 42.71 5.709 48 1.5065 723.1 45.14 6.035 50 1.5253 762.7 47.61 6.364 30

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - b, Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Hydroxide Against Air, 180C Surface Tension, Gram Formula Weights dynes/cm per 1000 gm of Solvent 6s tht for tter at 18C 0,7 1.3 1.5 2,8 5.0 10.0 11 0 23.0 14o0 28.0 c. Vapor Pressure of Sodium Hydroxide Pressure, mm Hg Temperature, ~C 1 739 10 897 40 1017 100 1111 400 1286 760 1378 do Melting Point of Sodium Hydroxide 318~C 31

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - Sulfuric Acid a. Specific Gravity of Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Solutions at 20OC/40C Percent H2S04 Specific Gravity Baume' Gm/liter Lbs/ft3 Lbs/gal 2 1,0118 1.7 20.24 1*263 0 1689 4 1.0250 35 41.00 2 560 0. 3422 6 1. 0385 5. 4 62.31 3 890 0.5200 8 1,0522 7.2 84.18 5.255 0o7025 10 1.0661 9 0 106. 6.655 0.8897 12 140802 10.8 129,6 8,092 1,082 14 1,0947 12.5 153.3 9,567 1279 16 1.1094 143 17745 11o08 1.481 18 1 1243 16..0 202,4 12.63 1 689 20 1.1394 17-7 227,9 14,23 1.902 22 141548 19,4 254.1 15.86 2.120 24 1.1704 21.1 2809 17.54 2.344 26 1,1862 22 8 308.4 19.25 2,74 28 1,2023 24,4 336.6 21,02 2.509 30 1,2185 26.0 365.6 22.82 3-051 32 1.2349 27. 6 95 2 24.67 3298 34 1,2515 29,1 425.5 26,56 3.551 36 1.2684 3047 456.6 28,51 3^811 8 1.2855 32.2 4885 30o,49 4.077 40 1,3028 33-7 521,1 32,53 4.549 42 1.3205 3542 54.6 34. 62 4.628 44 1.3384 36.7 588.9 56.76 4914 46 1.3569 38.1 624o2 38.97 5.,209 48 1.3758 39,6 660o4 41.23 5-551 50 1,3951 41.1 697.6 43.55 5.821 52 1.4148 42,5 735.7 45.93 6.140 54 1.4350 44.0 774.9 48 37 6.467 56 41.4557 45.4 81532 50.89 6.803 58 1.4768 46.8 856.5 53.47 7,148 60 1.4983 48.2 899 0 56,12 7 502 62 1.5200 49.6 942.4 58.84 7.865 64 1 5421 51.0 986.9 6.661 8 236 66 1 5646 52.5 3 1033 64 46 8.618 68 1. 5874 5337 1079 67 39 9 o008 70 1.6105 55 - 1127 7048 9.408 72 1.6338 56.3 1176 73,44 9.817 74 1.6574 57 5 1226 76.57 10.24 76 1,6810 5^.7 1278 79,75 10 66 78 1,7043 59.9 1329 82.99 11.09 80 1,7272 61.1 1382 86,26 11,53 82 1.7491 62 ~.1 144 89.54 11.97 84 1.7693 63 0 1486 92.78 12.40 86 1.7872 63.9 1537 95.95 12.83 88 1,8022 64,5 1586 99.01 13.23 90 1,.8144 65.1 1635 101.9 1563 92 1,,8240 65,5 1678 1048 14.00 94 1.8312 65.,8 1721 107.5 14,36 96 1 8355 66.,0 1762 110.0 1i470 98 1.8361 66.0 1799 11. 3 15 o02 100 1,8305 65.8 1831 114,3 15.,28 32 -...

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN bo Electrical Conductivity of Sulfuric Acid Temperature, "C Conductivity, ohm-lcm-' 0 05;184 5 0 5792 10 0o6408 15 0.7028 16 0.7151 17 0.7275 18 0.7398 19 07.7522 20 0..7645 21 0.7768 22 0.7890 23 o08o13 24 0.8135 25 0,8257 26 0,8378 27 0.8499 28 0,8620 29 0,8740 30 0,.8860 Test solution was prepared by dissolving 378 gm of 971 acid in pure water and diluting to 1 liter, Density at 18C0, 1.223. 55

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - c,.Viscosity of Sulfuric Acid Temperature, ~C Viscosity, centipoises 0 48,4 15 32.8 20 25.k4 30 15 7 40 11.5 50 8.82 60 7472 70 6 09 80 519 d, Vapor Pressure of Sulfuric Acid Temperature, C Vapor Pressure, mm Hg 145.8 1 194,2 10 229.7 40 257.0 100 305.;0 400 330.0 760 e. Boiling Point of Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Be ' Boiling Specific Boiling o Temperature, OF Gravity Temperature, C 50 295 14525 136 60 386 1.708 197 61 400 1i725 204 62 415 1,747 213 63 432 1.769 222 64 451 1.1790 233 65 485 1,812 252 66 538 1.836 281 34

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN TBP a, Density, Surface Tension, and Viscosity of TBP in AscoQ 12 3-1 Solutions Temper- VolumeM.. Surface Viscosity, ^ Molarityin Solvent Densot ature, of TBP ~Y.~ DJensity, Tension, centiCin Amsco..-..O. UNii gm/cc dynes/cm poises.0 0.7757 31.9 1.099 5 o., 7847 31.5 1.137 25 10 0.7944 31.2 1.186 15 0.8030 30.9 1.229 5 0.2 0.7895 31.3 1,162 25 10 0,.2 0,8005 31,.0 1,234 5 0.2 0.01 0.7923 31,2 1.172 25 10 0.2 0401 0,.8029 30. 6 1.259 20 5 0.7885 1 304 30 5 0.7811 1.097 20 10 0.7980 14.239 30 10 0.7904 1,.052 25 100 0.983.26,7 Courtesy of the Chemical Section, Atomic Energy Division, American Cyanamid Company. 35

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UraniLum,2' a. Weight composition 100% U b. Molecular weight 238*07 c. Specific gravity 18,485 d., Melting point 2102~F e, Solubility Insoluble in water Soluble in acid Insoluble- in alcohol f. Specific heat For a, Cp = 3*15 + 8.44 x 10-3 T + 0.80 x 105 T2 cal/gm atom-~K For, Cp = 10.38 cal/gm atom-OK For 2, C = 9.10 cal/gm atom,-~K where T = K Enthalpy for a: HT - H29816 = 3.15 T + 4122 x 103T2 - 0.80 x 105 T1 - 1046 cal/gm atom where T = ~K g4 Heat of fusion 4950 Btu/lb-atom h. Thermal conductivity 14.5 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 68~F

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Uranium Dioxidel'2'3 a, Formula U02 b, Molecular weight 270*07 c, Specific gravity 10*9 d, Melting point 3948OF e, Solubility Insoluble in water Soluble in nitric acid Soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid f* Specific heat Cp = 19.20 + 1.62 x 10-3 T - 395 x 105 T-2 cal/mole-~K where T = K g. Enthalpy H - H = 19.20oT.'+: 0.81 x 103T2 4! 3*95.x105T-1 -.'7124 cai/mole T 298.16 where T = ~K h. Thermal conductivity 0.082 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 68-4370F 0,046 Btu/(hr)(ft2)(~F/ft) at 518-11300F i, Heat of formation *1020 Btu/mole at 77~F 37

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Uranium Oxide123 a. Formula U08 b, Molecular weight 842i21 c, Specific gravity 7.31 d. Solubility Insoluble in water Soluble in nitric acid Soluble in sulfuric acid e. Specific heat Cp = 62.6 + 6.6 x 10-3 T - 2,5 x 105 T2 cal/mole-~K where T = f, Enthalpy Temperature, 0F HT- H298, Btu/mole 77 0 440 47-v6 1340 167.0 2240 322.0 g. Heat of formation 3360 Btu/mole at 770F *~-38 ~

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Uranium Tetrachloridel a, Formula UC14 b.. Molecular weight 379.93 c, Specific gravity 4,87 d. Melting point 1094~F e, Heat of formation -996,1 Btu/mole f. Specific heat C = 0.07608 + 2.88 x 10"5 t - 1.3 (t+41) cal/mole-~C 'ihere t =-"C g. Enthalpy EH -H = 0.07608 t + 144 x 10"5 t2 - 0.032 + 143 (t+41) cal/mole t 00C where t = "C 39

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Uranium Tetrafluoridel........-. I _- -..,.. -.., ax Formula UF4 b~ Molecular weight 314*11 di Specific gravity 6y70 d. Melting point 1760-F e. Solubility Insoluble in water f4 Heat of formation -1770 Btu/mole g. Thermal conductivity 1.13 Btu/(hr)(ft )( F/ft) -~ ^140

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Uranium Trioxidel 2, a. Formula U03 b, Molecular weight 286.07 c, Specific gravity 7.54 d. Specific heat Cp = 2209 + 2.54 x 10-3 T 2..973 x 105 Tw2 cal/mole-~K where T = 0K e, Enthalpy H - H = 2^09 T + 1-27 x O13 T2 + 2.973 x 105 T1- 7696 T 298,.16 cal/mole where T = ~K f. Thermal conductivity Temperature, F K, Btu/(hr) (ft2) ( F/ft) 77 - 302 0.16 320- 644 015 590- 1112l 0.15 41

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Urayl Nitrate, Hexahydrate2'3 a. Fomula U02(N03)2 6H20 b.4 Molecular weight 5- 02.18 c, Specific gravity 2.807 d, Melting point 140,4F e., Boiling point.2344~F f. Soluble Very soluble in water Very soluble in alcohol Very soluble in ether ~ h~~~~~~~~~2~

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE ~ UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN BIBLIOGRAPHY 1i Katz, JJ, and Rabinowitchy E.,. The Chemistry of Uranium, National Nuclear Energy Series, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 19514 2. Lange, N.A., et al., Handbook of Chemistry, Handbook Publishers Incd, Sandusky, Ohio, 1939. 35 Perry, John H,, et al, Chemical Engineer's Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1950, 4 Thomson, G^Wo, and Garelis, Ev, Physical and Thermdynaic Proteies of Sodium, Ethyl Corporation Research Department, Detroit, Michigan. ^~ ^ ~~~~~~~~4

INDEX Page Aluminum nitrate 2 Amsco 123-15 5 Calcium 4 Chromic sulfate 5 Chromic sulfate hydrate (5 H20) 6 Chromic sulfate hydrate (15 H20) 7 Chromic sulfate hydrate (18 H20) 8 Chromium 9 Chromous sulfate hydrate (7 H20) 10 Hydrofluoric acid 11-16 Hydrogen 17 Hydrogen peroxide 18 Iodine 19 Iron 20 Isopropyl alcohol 21 Magnes ium 22 Nitric acid 23 Nitric oxide 24 Nitrogen 25 Nitrogen dioxide 26 Nitrous oxide 27 Potassium 28 Sodium 29 Sodium hydroxide 30531 Sulfuric acid 32-34 TBP in Amsco 35 Uranium 36 Uranium dioxide 37 Uranium oxide 38 Uranium tetrachloride 39 Uranium tetrafluoride 40 Uranium trioxide 41 Uranyl nitrate, hexahydrate 42 44

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