ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR BIBLIOGRAPHY ON LIQUID OXYGEN: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, STORAGE, AND CONVERTERS R. B. Bernstein Project 2254 THE ARO EQUIPMENT CORPORATION BRYAN, OHIO July 1956

FOREWORD The bibliography is divided into four sections. Part I represents an attempt at complete coverage, through 1955, of the unclassified literature dealing with the physical properties of liquid oxygen. Part II is a compilation of some of the more important references on the physical properties of gaseous oxygen. Part III is a listing of government technical reports, patents, and articles dealing with heat transfer, storage, and converters for liquid oxygen; coverage is intended to be complete through 1955. Part IV is a miscellaneous section consisting of selected references on the analysis of oxygen, evaporation of liquids, etc. Primary sources were Chemical Abstracts, U. S. Government Research Reports of the Office of Technical Services, and Nuclear Science Abstracts of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. One complete set of Keysort punch cards has been provided, with brief abstracts of the articles accompanying the titles. Photostatic copies and reprints of a number of articles and patents which are not readily available are also included. ii

For each reference a Keysort punch card has been provided, which in most cases contains a brief abstract of the article. An asterisk indicates that a photostat or reprint of the article is included in the set transmitted. The Keysort cards for these references have been punched in the lower right-hand margin to designate that the complete article is on file. PART I. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LIQUID OXYGEN Aston, J. C., and Moesson, G. W. J. Chem. Phys., 21, 948 (1953); C. A., 47, 8441a. Normal boiling point of liquid oxygen. *Baly, E. C., and Donnan, F. G. J. Chem. Soc. (London), 81, 907-23 (1902). Variation with temperature of the surface energies and densities of liquid oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and carbon monoxide. de Bock, A. Verhandel. Koninkl. Vlaam. Acad. Wetenschap., Belg., K1. Wetenschap., 11, No. 31 (1949); C. A. 43, 7284b. Measurement of velocity of sound in liquids at low temperature. Borgen, O.,and Finbak, C. Acta Chem. Scand., 8, 829-34 (1954). Structure of liquids III. Diatomic molecules (including liquid oxygen). Borovik, E. J. Exp. Theoret. Phys. (U. S. S. R.), 18 48-51 (1948); C. A., 42, 6191b. Formula for heat conductivity of liquids. Breit, G., and Onnes, H. K. Proc. Acad. Sci. Amsterdam,, 617 (1924); C. A.,x 758. Preliminary value of dielectric constant of liquid oxygen. Carlsmith, L. E. Equilibrium diagram for 02-N2-Ar. Munich: Gesellschaft f;ur Linde's Eismachinen A. G., 1947; PB 88840s. Corner, J. Trans. Faraday Soc., 44, 1036-47 (1948); C. A., 43, 7284e. Calculation of surface tensions from intermolecular forces II. Numerical results.

Cwilong, B., and Edwards, M. Phys. Rev., 85, 380-1 (1952); C. A., 46, 5387c. Sublimation and condensation of C02, N2, and 02 in an experimental chamber. Frenkel, Y., and Gubanov, A. J. Exp. Theoret. Phys. (U. S. S. R.), 16, 435-50 (1946); C. A., 41, 325g. Temperature dependence of surface tension. Furth, R. Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., 37, 252-75 (1941); C. A., 5, 72557. Theory of the liquid state I. Furukawa, G., and McCoskey, R. E. Nat. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., Tech. Notes No. 2969 (1953); C. A., 47, 10932f. Condensation line of air and heats of vaporization of 02 and N2. Furukawa,G., and McCoskey, R. E. U. S. Nat. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., available from Nat. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., (June, 1953); P. B., 109789. Oxygen, liquid vaporization, condensation, air, nitrogen condensation and vaporization. Galkov, G., and Gerf, S. J. Tech. Phys. (U. S. S. R.), 11, 613-16 (1941); C. A., 35, 61694. Viscosity of liquefied pure gases and their mixtures II. (cf., C. A., 55, 27608) Galt, J. K. Mass. Inst. Technol., Research Lab. Electronics, Tech. Rept. No. 46 (1947); P. B. 97709. Sound adsorption and velocity in liquid argon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Hall, T. A., and Tsao, P. H. Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), A191, 6-21 (1947); C. A., 42, 1460h. Heat transfer at low temperature between tube walls and gases in turbulent flow. *Hamann, S. D., and Lambert, J. A. Australian J. Chem., 7, 219-24 (1954); C. A., 48, 12494a. Behavior of fluids of quasispherical molecules III. Surface tensions. *Hammann, G. Ann. Physik, 32, 593-607 (1938); C. A., 32, 89074. Thermal conductivity of liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, and their mixtures. *Hoge, H. J. J. Research Nat. Bur. Standards, 44, 321-45 (1950). Vapor pressure and fixed points of oxygen and heat capacity in the critical region *van Itterbeek, A., and de Bock, A. Physica, 14, 14, 542-4 (1948); C. A., 43, 3681b. Velocity of sound in liquid O2van Itterbeek, A., de Bock, A., and Verhagen, L. Physica, 15, 624-6 (1949); C. A., 44, 396f. Velocity of sound in liquid 02, N2, CH4. (cf., C. A., 43, 3681a, 6024g, 4915c) 2

*van Itterbeek, A., and van Paemel, 0. Physica, 8, 133-43 (1941); C. A., 35, 77823. Determination of the viscosity of liquid H2 and D2. (Also 02)(cf., C. Ao, 54, 46303) *Jenkins, A. C., DiPaolo, F. S., and Birdsall, C. M. J. Chem. Phys., 23, 2049-2054 (1955). The system ozone-oxygen. *Johns, H. E., and Wilhelm, J. 0. Can. J. Research, 15A, 101-8 (1937); C. A., 31, 82838. Refractive indices of liquid oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. *Keyes, F. G. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs., 77, 1395-6 (1955). Thermal conductivity of gases (including gaseous and liquid oxygen). Mathias, E., and Onnes, H. K. Koninkl. Akad. Wetenschap. Amsterdam, 1910, 1039-57; C. A., 52 3528. Rectilinear diameter for oxygen. *Mathias, E., and Onnes, H. K. Compt. rend., 8, 213-16, 474-5 (1910)X The rectilinear diameter of oxygen. Mills, R. L., and Grilly, E. R. Phys. Rev., 99, 480-6 (1955); N. S. A., 9, 6746. Melting curves of He, H2, Ne, N2, and 02 up to 3500kg/cm2. Nissan, A. H. Phil. Mag., 5 441-56 (1941); C. A., 36, 12244. Viscosity temperature function of liquids. van Paemel, 0. Verhandel. Koninkl. Vlaam. Acad. Wetenschap, Belg., 3, 3-59 (1941); C. A., 37, 61705. Measurements and theoretical considerations relating to the viscosity of gases and condensed gases. (cf., C. A., 31, 77162, 6919, 33, 66722.) Panchenkov, G. Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 24, 1390-1406 (1952); C. A., 45, 3673i. Calculation of absolute values of the viscosities of liquids. (cf., C. A., 44, 9755d) Procopin, S. Rev. Stiint. "V. Adamachi."tt; C. A., 42, 24c. Molecular entropy of fusion. 3

Prosad, S. Brit. J. Appl. Phys., 5, 58-9 (1952); C. A., 46, 5949g. Thermal conductivity of liquid oxygen. Rudenko, N. Zhur. Tekh. Fiz., 18, 1123-6 (1948); C. A., 44, 4301c. Molecular weight, density, and viscosity of liquefied gases. Rushton, J. H. Final Report under Contract 11-459 OEMsr-934, for period March, 1943, through June, 1945, Univ. of Penna., Central Engineering Laboratory. Available from Lib. of Congress Publication Board Project, Washington 25, D. C., 645p, photos, diagrs, dwgs (part fold), graphs, tables (June, 1945); P. B., 108107. Rushton, J. H., et al. NDRC Monthly Progress Reports, March, 1944, to March, 1945, Univ. of Penna., Central Engineering Laboratory, Official Publication Board Reports (OSRD Report 4732, etc.) 1244 p.; P. B., 9377, 9379-80, 9382, 84, 9403-4, 9408-13. *Stuart, H. Report GT-771, Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corporation, San Diego, Calif., February, 1942, 25 p., diagr., graph, table, text in German and English; P. B., 97743. Measurement of the viscosity of liquid oxygen in the region between -150 and -180 ~. Werner, W., and Keesom, W. H. Proc. Acad. Sci. Amsterdam, 29, 306 (1926); C. A., 20, 1751. Temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant of liquid oxygen. *Werner, W., and Keesom, W. H. Verslag. Gewone Vergander. Afdeel. Natuurk., Ned. Akad. Wetenschap., 5, 18-25 (1926); C. A., 20, 1751. Temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant of liquid oxygen. PART II. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GASEOUS OXYGEN Birnbaum, G., Kryder, S. J., and Lyons, H. J. Appl. Phys., 22 95-102 (1951); C. A., 45, 3213f. Microwave measurements of dielectric properties of gases. Casado, F., and Batuccas, T. Anales real soc. espan. fis. y quim. (Madrid), SeroB48, 5-16 (1952); C. A., 46, 8918f. Compressibility and mass of a liter of oxygen at 0~ between 1 and 1/4 atmosphere. 4

Crain, C. M. Phys. Rev., 74, 691-3 (1948); C. A., 42, 8036b. Dielectric const. of several gases at 3.2 cm. X. Essen, L., and Froome, K. Nature, 167, 512-13 (1951); C. A., 45, 7397i. Dielectric constant and refractive index of air and its constituents. Data for 02, n vs. T, P. Dielectric constants are given,too. Grilly, E. R. Am. J. Phys., 20, 447-50 (1952); C. A., 47, 14i. Relationships between transport properties of gases. Hall, N. A., and Ibele, W. E. Technical Paper 85, Univ. of Minnesota Engineering Experiment Station (1951), 157 p.; C. A., 47, 2003a. Thermodynamic properties of air, N2, 02, and imperfect gases. Hilsenrath, J, and Touloukian, Y. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs., 76, 967-85 (1954); C. A., 48, 11135c. Viscosity, thermal conductivity, Prandtl number for air, 02, N2. Jelatis, J. G. J. Appl. Phys., 19, 419-25 (1948); C. A., 42, 6593g. Measurement of dielectric const. of gases by beat-frequency method. Keyes, F. G. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Engrs., 73, 589-96 (1951); C. A., 45, 7400e. Summary of viscosity and heat-conduction data for He, A, etc. (including 02,N2). Kiyama, R., and Makita, T. Rev. Phys. Chem. Japan, 12, 49-58 (1952); C. A., 47, 11855c. Viscosities of C02, 02, etc. Rossini, F., et al. Natl. Bur. Standards (U. S.), Circ. C 461 (1947); C. A., 42, 2830a. Selected thermodynamic properties of hydrocarbons. Wirth, H., and Klemenc, A. Monatsh. Chem., 83, 879-82 (1952); N. S. A., 6, 6591. Heat conductivity of gases at low pressures. Woolley, H. W. Natl. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut.-Natl. Bur. Standards (U. S. ) tables of thermal properties of gases. Table 9.10 Molecular oxygen (ideal gas state); specific heat, enthalpy, entropy. U. S. Natl. Bur. of Standards,(4 p) tables (July, 1949); P. B., 98958. Woolley, H. W., and Hoge, H. J. Natl. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut.-Natl. Bur. Standards (U. S.) tables of thermal properties of gases. Table 9.50 Vapor pressure of oxygen, December, 1949, U. S. Natl. Bur. Standards, Washington 25, D. C. (July-December, 1949); P. B., 101017.

PART III. HEAT TRANSFER, STORAGE,AND CONVERTERS FOR LIQUID OXYGEN *Akerman, J. D., and Piccard, J. F. U. S. Patent 2,423,631 July 8, 1947; C. A., 41, 5761f. Apparatus for converting liquid oxygen into gas at variable rate. *Akselrod, L. S., and Dilman, V. V. Zhur. Priklad. Khim., 27, 485-92 (1954); C. A., 48, 11148d. "Bubble characteristics at low gas velocities." Akselrod, L. S., and Dilman, V. V. J. Appl. Chem. (U. S. S. R.), 27, 449 (1954). Translation of article in Zhur. Priklad. Khim., 27, 485 (1954). Bubbling at low gas velocities. Banchero, J. T., Barker, G. E., and Boll, R. H. Eng. Research Inst., Univ. of Mich., Project M834, Air Research Development Cmd., Contract AF 33(038)-6677, E. 0. No. 664-751 (November, 1951). Heat-transfer characteristics of boiling oxygen. *Banchero, J. T., Barker, G. E., and Boll, R. H. Chem. Eng. Progr., Symposium Ser.No. 51, No. 17, 21-31 (1955). Stable film boiling of liquid oxygen outside single horizontal tubes and wires. Benedict, M., and Graff, P. Hiydrocarbon Research, Inc., N-2563d. April 11, 1950 (49 pp.); N. S. A., 7_ 2549. Techniques and materials for use at liquid hydrogen temperatures. Information secured at Ohio State Univ. Bleyle, G. A., Hinckley, R., and Jewett, C. L. Jet Propulsion, 24, 297 (1954); C. A., 48, 12474a. "Air-transportable liquid oxygen generator." Bouis, F. S. Liquid oxygen generating and handling equipment, U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, (5 p) (July, 1950); P. B., 101488. *Bullowa, J., and Ratish, H. U. S. Patent 2,244,659 June 10, 1941; C. A., 55, 57339. Apparatus with a liquid oxygen vaporizer for enriching air. *Bullowa, J., and Ratish, H. U. S. Patent 2,242,108 May 13, 1941; C A., 35, 50011 Air enriching oxygen vaporizing apparatus. 6

*Diebold, V. B. Laboratory and flight test of the Bendix 8-liter liquid oxygen converter (Model XE 795826-1), U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, (16 p) photos, dwgs, graphs (March, 1950); P. B., 110068. *Diebold, V. B. Summary report on liquid oxygen storage tank development, U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, (29 p) photos, dwg, graph (June, 1948); P. B., 93428. *Diebold, V. B. Vulnerability study of liquid oxygen converters, U. S. Air Development Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, (8 p) tables (April,1951); P. B., 104060. *Diebold, V. B., and Roundy, R. W. Estimation of evaporation losses on large liquid oxygen tanks of various shapes, U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, (12 p) graphs (October, 1947); P. B., 98639. *Grassman, P. German Patent 721,954, May 14, 1942; C. A., 37, 49389. Storing liquefied gases, especially liquid oxygen. Grayson-Smith, H., and Findlay, J. C. Chem. Revs., 39, 397-402 (1946); C. A., 41, 1133c. Liquid oxygen in air-craft. *Haselden, G., and Peters, J. Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. (London), 27, 201-8 (1949); C. A., 46, 2351g. Heat transfer to boiling liquid oxygen and nitrogen. (see C. A., 44, 7099b.) *Haselden, G., and Prosad, S. Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. (London), 27, 195-200 (1949); C. A., 46 2351g. Heat transfer from condensing oxygen and nitrogen. (see C. A., 4 7098i.) Heckerman, F. R. C-45 G Airplane engineering acceptance inspection, U. S. Air Development Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, (4 p) (May, 1951); P. B., 104064. *Johnson, J. R. "Tellite"for oxygen-want warning systems, U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, (December, 1949); P. B., 100290. Kensch, R. B., and Schmitt, H. E. Thermal insulation of rocket oxygen tanks to prevent evaporation loss, U. S. Air Materiel Cmd., Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, AAF TSEPP 524-1956, (lOp) grath (May, 1949); P. B. 98985. 7

*Mathis, J. A., and Milan, R. W. U. S. Patent 2,401,651, June 4, 1946; C. A., 41, 12a. Apparatus for evaporating liquid oxygen. *Mathis, J. A., and Milan, R. W. U. S. Patent 2,158,458, May 16, 1939; C. A., 33, 66662. Evaporation of liquid oxygen. *Melig, Pauer, and Zinner Storage characteristics of liquid oxygen, Technische Hochschule, Dresden, Germany, (15 p) diagrs, text English and German (February, 1940); P. B., 98775. *Mesinger, W. F. U. S. Patent 2,180,090, November 14, 1939; C. A., 34, 15205. Apparatus for handling and delivery of normally gaseous material such as liquid oxygen. *Mesinger, W. F. German Patent 683,486, October 19, 1939; C. A., 36, 39922. Storing liquefied oxygen. Moeckel, W. E. Use of aerodynamic heating to provide thrust by vaporization of surface coolants, U. S. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut. Available from Natl. Advisory Comm. Aeronaut., 1724 "F" St., N. W., Washington 25, D. C., (37 p) diagrs, graphs, tables (February, 1954); P. B., 113089. *Monroe, A. G., Bristow, H. A., and Newell, J. E. J. Appl. Chem. (London),, 613-24 (1952); C. A., 47, 3627e. "Heat transfer to boiling liquids at low temperatures and elevated pressures." Murray, R. C., and White, J. M. Liquid oxygen as an oxidant for rocket propulsion, Brit. Min. of Supply, Aeronaut. Research Council. Available from Brit. Information Services, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, N. Y., $0.75, (14 p) tables (March, 1947); P. B., 101440. *Orlicek, A. Chem. App., 26, 321-4 (1939); C. A., 34, 9117. Preparation of compressed oxygen from liquid oxygen. Paulson, A. M. Supply of liquid oxygen to aircraft breathing systems, U. S. Air Development Force, Wright Air Development Center, (13 p) diagrs, tables (October, 1951); P. B., 106098. *Pollitzer, F. German Patent 698,912, October 24, 1940; C. A., 5 67485. Vaporization of liquid oxygen. 8

*Rips, S. M. J. Chem. Ind. (U. S. S. R.), 16, No. 8, 43-4 (1939); C. A., 34, 11372. Apparatus for keeping and transporting large amounts of liquid oxygen. Roundy, R. W. Oxygen-liquefaction, preparation, fractionation breathing oxygen. October, 1948, 18 p., microfilm; P. B., 95829. *Rudd, Harry B. U. S. Patent 2,224,004, December 3, 1940; C. A., 35, 16744. Sealed container suitable for gasifying or liquefying solid C02 or gasifying liquid oxygen, etc. Ryabinin, Y. N. J. Tech. Phys. (U. S. S. R.), 15, 480-4 (1945); C. A., 40, 2559e. New method of gasification of compressed gases. *Schlitt, J. L. U. S. Patent 2,685,180, August 3, 1954; C. A., 48, 12477a. "Gasifying a liquefied gas and simultaneously liquefying another gas." Schulte-Vieting, H. J. Chem. -Ing.-Tech., 27, 507-12, 626 (1955). Heat and mass transfer between vapor bubble and liquid in oxygen-nitrogen mixtures. Seeler, H. W. Development of the Bur. Standards pressure breathing demand oxygen system. March, 1948, 26 p., microfilm; P. B., 92857. *Thayer, R. M. U. S. Patent 2,453,766, November 16, 1948; C. A., 43, 1229b. Transferring measured quantities of liquefied gases. *Weber, G. French Patent 943,2235 March 2, 1949; C. A., 45, 914f. Vaporization of liquid oxygen. *Williams, V. C. British Patent 509,105, July 11, 1939; C. A., 34, 31424. Method and apparatus for revaporization of liquid oxygen. *Williams, V. C. U. S. Patent 2,254,587, September 2, 1941; C. A.,, 77701. Apparatus for dispensing gaseous oxygen from storage vessel containing liquid oxygen. 9

*Williams, W. E., and Maxwell, E. Rev. Sci. Instr., 25, 111 (1954); C. A., 48, 12473a. "Liquid level indicator for condensed gases at low temperatures." *Zenner, G. H. U. S. Patent 2,219,673, October 29, 1940; C. A., 359378. Apparatus for operating cascade systems, as in the transfer of liquid oxygen. *Zenner, G. H. U. S. Patent 2,326,511, August 10, 1943; Co A., 38, 5162 Liquid level gage suitable for use on containers holding liquid oxygen. Zima, G. E. Some liquid oxygen shock sensitivity tests, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Calif. Inst. of Tech., (13 p) dwg, table (June, 1946); P. B., 97753PART IV. MISCELLANEOUS: ANALYSIS OF OXYGEN, EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS, ETC. Bernhardt, H. A., and others. U. S. Atomic Energy Comm., Oak Ridge, Tenn. (7 p); P. B. 96401. Determination of 02 in tank N2 by conversion to water and dew point measurement. Bortner, T. E., and Hurst, G. S. Phys. Rev., 93, 1236-41 (1954); C. A., 48, 6852i. Ionization of pure gases and mixtures by 5 mev a- particle. Bowman, R. E., and Hartley, C. B. Determination of hydrogen and oxygen in inert gases. Sensitive. Wright Air Develop. Center Tech. Report 53-67, May 1, 19535 22 p.; N. S. A., 7, 5305. Bowman, R. E., and Hartley, C. B. Determination of oxygen and hydrogen in inert gases, U. S. Air Force, Air Research and Develop. Cmd., Wright Air Develop. Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, Lib. of Congress Publ. Board Project, Washington 25, D. C., (21 p) photos, diagrs, graphs (May, 1953); P. B. 116838. Buchner, K. Brennstoff-Chem.., 3h 327-9 (1952); C. A., 47, 1004e. Determination of oxygen in gas with Cr C12 solution. *Deisler, P. F., McHenry, K. W., and Wilhelm, R. H. Anal. Chem., 27, 1366-74 (1955). Rapid gas analyzer using ionization by alpha particles. 10

Ebbinghaus, E. Determination of 02 in gaseous mixtures by a magnetic method. Available from Lib. of Congress Publ. Board Project, Washington 25, D. C., (22 f) photo, dwgs., graphs, tables, text in German (October, 1942); P. B., 79431s. Ebbinghaus, E. Z. angew. Phys., 5, 294-7 (1953); C. A., 48, 4891g. Paramagnetic oxygen analyzer. Engelhardt, H. Dechema Monograph, 16, 164-78 (1951); C. A, 47, 4139g. Recording gas analyzer. Hensoldt, J. Transl. from Summary of Patents of Wiener Isolierrohr-, Batterie-, und Metallwarenfabrik, G.m.b.H., N. P.-2417, 6 pp; N. S. A., 7, 4342. *Hickman, K. C. Ind. Eng. Chem., 46, 1442-6 (1954); C. A., 48, 11848. Maximum evaporation coefficient of water. *Hickman, K. C. Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1892-1902 (1952); C. A., 47, 6706. Studies in high vacuum evaporation; surface behavior in the pot still. *Hickman, K. C. Ind. Eng. Chem., 46, 45-52 (1954); C. A., 48, 4263. Torpidity of stirred phlegmatic liquids. *Hickman, Ko C., and Torpey, W. A. Ind. Eng. Chem., 46, 1446-50 (1954); C. A., 48, 11848. Evaporation of resting water. Hickman, K. C., and Trevoy, D. J. Chem. Eng. Progr., 49, 105-9 (1953); C. A, 47, 3628. Evaporation from liquids in high vacuum. *Hickman, K. C., and Trevoy, D. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1882-8 (1952); C. A., 47 6707. Studies in high vacuum evaporation; the falling-stream tensimeter. *Hickman, K. C., and Trevoy, D. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1903-11 (1952); C. Ao, 47, 6707. Studies in high vacuum evaporation; comparison of high vacuum stills and tens ime ters. *Hickman, K. C., and Trevoy, D. J. Vacuum, 2, 3-18 (1952). Evaporation from liquid surfaces in vacuum. 11

Hirano, S., and Ketahara, M. J. Chem. Soc. Japan, Ind. Chem. Sect., 56, 325-7 (1953); C. A., 48, 10487d. Determination of small amounts of oxygen in gases and liquids. Imai, T. Patent (to Showa Electro-Engineering Co.) Japan 5257 (1952); C. A., 48, 82b. Contact catalyst for the determination of oxygen by the reaction with hydrogen. Ito, Takuji. Japan Analyst, 2, 466-7 (1953); C. A., 48, 6169i. Improvement of the colorimetric apparatus for the determination of trace oxygen in nitrogen. Jacobson, M. G. Anal. Chem., 25, 586-9 (1953); C. A., 47, 6306i. Electrochemical method for oxygen determination in gases. Kawaguchi, T. J. Chem. Soc. Japan, Pure Chem. Sect., 75, 94-6 (1954); C. A., 48, 5571d. Physico-chemical properties of V205. II. *Kells, E. L., and Larsen, D. H. U. S. Patent 2,625,584, January 13, 1953; C. A., 47, 2552b. Apparatus for measuring oxygen content of gas. Komiyama, D. Patent Japan 3898 (1953); C. A., 47, 1440b. Apparatus for measuring small amount of oxygen and hydrogen. Laniecki, Witold Gas, Woda i Tech. Sanit., 28, 2-6 (1954); C. A., 48, 13536b. Magnetic oxygen analyses. Loomis, T., and Beyer, R. Anesthesiology,12, 173-80 (1951); C. A., 47, 3910f. Apparatus for measuring of C02 and N20 in expired air. Luft, K. F. Z. angew. Phys., 3, 300-3 (1951); AEC-tr-1749 translation, 8 pp; N. S. A., 8, 1011. New method for the magnetic analysis of oxygen. Minkoff, G. J., and Parthasathi, N. V. Analyst, 79, 379-82 (1954); C. A., 48, 9116f. Semimicro gas analysis apparatus for determination of the permanent gases. Mugdan, M., and Sixt, J. Angew. Chem., 46, 90-1 (1933); C. A., 27, 1841. Determination of small oxygen content in gases. 12

Muiller, E., and Metzger, H. Chem.-Ztg., 78, 317-22 (1954); C. A., 48, 10487c. Chromometric method for determination of oxygen content of air. Pepkowitz, L. P., and Shirley, E. L. Anal. Chem., 25, 1718-20 (1953). Quantitative determination of oxygen in gases. Pitts, J. N., DeFord, D., and Recktenwald, G. Anal. Chem., 24, 1566-8 (1952); C. A., 47, 355e. Manometric gas analysis apparatus. Riggs, G. W. Instruments, 26, 248-51 (1953); C. A., 47, 9676i. Principles and applications of oxygen recorders. Roberts, L. E. J., and Davidge, P. C. Atomic Energy Research Establishment Report No. AERE-C/R-470, January, 1950, 12 p.; N. S. A., 4, 2638. A simple- technique for semi-micro gas analysis. Schultze and Lieneweg. Magnetic oxygen meter, Siemens and Halske A. G., Wernerwerk, Germany. Available Lib. of Congress, Photoduplic. Sect., Washington 25, D. C., (29 p) tables (n. date); P. B., 107040t. Schumacher, H. J. Anales asoc. quim. argentina, 41 198-264 (1953); C. A., 48, 5613i. Systems of 02 and 03. deVries, T. Chem. Weekblad, 50, 5355 (1954); C. A., 48, 13485i. Studies with a platinized platinum electrode. White, L., Jr, and Schneider, C. H. Physical adsorption from mixtures of gases. I. Oxygen-nitrogen and oxygenargon on chromic oxide gel at -185.6~C. II. Oxygen-argon on silica gel at 00C, Southern Research Inst., Birmingham, Alabama, (39 p) dwg, graphs, tables (January, 1949); P. B., 105020. Wbhle, W. Die Technik, 8, 701-5 (1953); C. A., 48, 407e. An acoustic oxygen meter. Wright, M. M. Anal. Chem., 26, 1001-8 (1954). Determination of low concentrations of oxygen in hydrogen. 13

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