ORA 69-192-Sl Proposal to Graduate Facilities Branch Bureau of Higher Education U.S. Office of Education A COMPUTING CENTER BUILDING ~E~V/R//VC OF MICHIGAN Submitted by The University of Michigan Ann Arbor January 31, 196S

TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations iii SECTION I. Title Page 4 SECTION II. Description of Applicant Institution 5 SECTION III. Construction Time and Funding Schedule 17 SECTION IV. Proposed Facility Budget 18 SECTION V. Areas, Costs, and Grant Request Calculation 19 SECTION VI. Present and Requested Facilities 20 SECTION VII. Students and Staff 41 SECTION VIII. Research and Graduate Education 63 SECTION IX. Architectural Requirements 100 Appendix I. Assurances 112 Appendix II. Room Tabulation of Net or Assignable Space 118 ii

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LIST OF-ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE Se Main Entrance of Computing Center as seen through 22 machine room door with dispatch window at right 2. Public work space with partitioned counseling area 23 at right 3. Seminar room and storage 24 4, The keypunch room 25 5. Machine room on dispatch window side 26 6. Aerial view of proposed site for new Computing Center 36 TABLE I. Distribution of Teaching Faculty, By Rank and Unit 27 II. Salary Levels By Rank in Selected Departments 51 iii

SECTION I. PROPOSAL FOR A GRADUATE ACADEMIC FACILITIES GRANT UNDER TITLE II OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION FACILITIES ACT OF 1963, P.L. 88-204, AS AMENDED Submitted to the Graduate Facilities Branch Bureau of Higher Education, U.S. Office of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20202 1.1 Title of Proposal: A Computing Center Building 1.2 Project Identification: All academic and research units of The University of Michigan will be eligible to use the proposed facility. 1.3 Name and Address of Institution: The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 Washtenaw County Congressional District: 2nd 1.4 Location of Project: Same. 1.5 Cost and Grant Request Data: 1.51 Total Development Cost of Proposed Facility: $1,535,000 1.52 Total Amount Requested from Office of Education under Title II Graduate Facilities Program: $ 455,383 1.6 Other Federal Agencies (or Other Office of Education Programs) from Which Assistance Has Been or Will Be Sought in Financing this Project: None. 1.7 Assurances: 1.71 Assurances to Bind with Proposal: Attached. 1.72 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Title VI Assurance of Compliance has been filed (No. 32-0560, dated January 7, 1965). 1.73 The undersigned agrees to comply with all assurances and reporting requirements of the Office of Education and also with all applicable laws and regulations of the U. S. Government. (See Appendix I.) 1.8 Institutional Representative: Name: Bruce W. Arden Title: Associate Director, Computing Center, & Associate Professor of Communications Sciences Telephone: 313-764-4143 1.9 President or Legally Authorized Officer Signature: C H~ W. Btldebrandt Title: Secretary Telephone: 764-7203 Date:

SECTION II. DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION 2.1 CURXEn'STATUS OF APPLICANT The University of Michigan, established in 1817, is governed by the Regents of the University. Since 1850, the Regents have been elected directly by the people of the State of Michigan, thus allowing a measure of independence in the determination of the University's policies that has been of inestimable benefit.t The chief administrative officer of the University is the President. The Vice-President for State Relations and Planning, the Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, the Vice-President for Academic Affairs, the Vice-President for Research, the Vice-President for University Relations, the Vice-President for Student Services, and the Secretary of the University are the University's other executive officers. The University is now comprised of eighteen schools and colleges, as well as many institutes, centers, museums, and bureaus. Certain units have a University-wide service function: most obviously, the University Library, which includes a Graduate Library to be housed in a building now under construction with the support of funds granted by the Office of Education under Title II of P. L. 88-204 in 1965 (Grant No. 2-0027). The Computing Center, for which a new facility is the subject of this proposal, is a comparable unit in this respect. The various academic units of the University are accredited by their respective organizations. Faculty members of the University are prominent in these organizations. The University's Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies is a member of the Association of Graduate Schools, which -5

has only 45 members. An indication of the quality and teaching effectiveness of the University's graduate programs is given in a 1966 publication of the American Council on Education, Allan N. Cartter's An Assessment of Quality in Graduate Education, which cites The University of Michigan among the top ten graduate institutions in the country, and second of the state universities. Of the more than thirty teaching departments of the University which availed themselves of the services of the Computing Center within the last fiscal year, eight have been selected to represent the Center's users: the Departments of Civil, Electrical, Industrial, and Mechanical Engineering of the College of Engineering; the Departments of Computer and Communications Sciences, Physics, and Political Science of the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts; and the School of Business Administration. The following pages therefore do not purport to assess the total quantitative or qualitative significance of the Computing Center's services to the University's graduate academic and research programs, but rather to suggest the Center's vital importance by indicating its role only in relation to users chosen both for their diversity and their reliance on the facility. A similar procedure was followed in the 1965 application for support of the Graduate Library. Section 14.12 of the Regents' Bylaws describes the function and organization of the Computing Center as follows: The Center shall provide computing service for teaching and research units of the University and maintain computing facilities to be available to faculty and students for instructional and research purposes. The Center shall be in charge of a Director, responsible to the Vice-President for Research, appointed by the Board upon recommendation by the President. -6

He shall be assisted by an Executive Committee consisting of the Vice-President for Research or his representative and six members of the University Senate, appointed by the Board upon recommendation by the President. The appointed members shall hold office for terms of three years, two members being appointed each year. 2.2 FUTURE PLANS School of Business Administration —The education of business students ideally should enable these students to think clearly about a business problem, organize their approach to a situation in a methodical manner, and make decisions based on such information as can be found. Also, the business school graduate should have an understanding of general business economics and should be familiar with the opportunities and responsibilities of management. The computer has already changed business in many respects. And there is every reason to believe that it will continue to be a powerful tool of management. As a result, it is becoming increasingly clear that experience with the computer is an essential element in the preparation for management. The Graduate School of Business Administration at The University of Michigan currently offers a substantial number of courses and opportunities for training in the use of the computer and its relationship to real business problems. This is substantiated, in part at least, by the present level of computer usage by the graduate students of the school. In spite of this present level of usage, it is the opinion of the faculty that the computer and its attendant technology are not being employed as fully as might be desirable as a tool for comprehensive business education. Computer-based business games have been and are in operation at a number of institutions, -7

but in general, these games seek only to use the computer as a means of teaching business. It is the premise of the Michigan business faculty that the business graduate of the 1970's should be taught both about business and about the computer in an integrated fashion. The time-shared computer provides a great opportunity to teach computer sophistication and business ideas simultaneously. Probably the best way of becoming faciliar with the way a computer can work is the experience of interaction at a terminal. The apparently personal attention the computer gives each user enables the user to develop ideas quickly and receive reactions to them at once. To convert this computer versatility into a teaching tool for business education, however, it must be possible for the students to interact with the computer in a business environment. The student must be permitted to advance his understanding of business by communicating with system programs on such fundamentals as budgeting, production planning, cost analysis, and investment decisions, to name a few. The future plans of the Graduate School of Business Administration include steps that will bring about a more integrated use of the computer in teaching both about business and about the computer. The success of these steps depends to a great extent on greater and more frequent access to the University computer system as well as expanded computer facilities. Department of CiviZ Engineering —Something over 20% of the graduate curriculum of the Department of Civil Engineering relies on the use of the Computing Center. About 75% of the dissertations of the Department's doctoral candidates involve the use of the facility. The areas of systems analysis and operations research are now gradually being incorporated into -8

the educational program. The effective use of these techniques will demand an increasingly heavy use of the University's computing facilities in the future. The Department hopes to add new or replacement members to its staff in (a) construction engineering (assistant or associate professor), (b) transportation (assistant or associate professor), and (c) hydrology-coastal engineering (also at the junior faculty level). Department of Computer and Conmmunication Sciences —The Department plans to add faculty members in the subjects of automata theory, natural language (speech science), software development, and the simulation of natural systems, and perhaps in information retrieval, and computer-assisted instruction. The rate and rank at which these are added will depend on budgetary considerations. It is likely that any people added in software development would have joint appointments with the Computing Center. The above list of subjects also indicates the new courses the Department would like to teach on a regular basis, and the research areas likely to be taken up. The field of communication sciences is concerned with understanding on a theoretical basis the communication and processing of information by both natural and artificial systems. Two general areas of study are particularly important to the communication sciences: (1) the technical study of natural and artificial languages as modes of communication, and (2) the investigation of information processing both in natural languages and in various types of artificial languages, including codes used in communication -9

systems, instructional and design languages for digital computers, and the formal languages of mathematical logic. In the investigation of information processing systems, attention is directed toward fixed and growing automata, adaptive systems, nerve nets, programming systems, automatic speech recognition systems, and adaptive behavioral systems. Department of ElZectrical Engineering —The rapid advances in electrical engineering technology characteristic of the two decades following World War II are continuing, particularly in the computer and solid-state fields. As a result, the research program of the Department is continually experiencing significant changes. Relatively new areas, such as integrated circuits and devices, modern optics, digital computers, communication systems, power systems, quantum electronics, and computer-aided design, are growing rapidly. Many graduate students have been trained in these important fields and are currently active in industry and academic circles. The Department expects to award about 25 Ph. D. degrees annually over the next few years, and an increase is also expected in the number of M. S. E. degrees to be awarded (see Section 7.6). The Department's future plans for its curriculum will depend, in large measure, not only on developments within the field but also on the experience it will have with certain recently instituted innovations. An example of such innovations at the graduate level is a joint program with the Department of Aerospace Engineering in Computer, Information, and Control Engineering. This program, which began during the current term, will focus attention on the'systems activities" at the University. -10

The Department has plans to add possibly two faculty members (one full professor and one assistant professor) in the digital computer area within the next three years, particularly in the area of logical design and graphical displays. Department of IndustriaZ Engineering —The Department offers programs leading to a Bachelor's degree, an.M. S., an M. S. in Engineering, and a Ph. D. In each of these programs, courses covering the following four areas are available: 1. Human Performance 2. Management, Administration, Organization Theory 3. Operations Research and Management Science 4. Computers and Information Processing Systems All four of these areas currently utilize the computer to varying extents, and it is anticipated that the computer will become a more and more integral part of both the courses and research in industrial engineering. Industrial engineering is a growing area. In the past three years the number of undergraduates has increased from 205 to 242, the number of Master's students from 51 to 63, and the number of Ph. D. students from 34 to 43. This growth is expected to continue. The plans for the Department will require doubling the number of faculty within the next three to five years. It is expected that most of the new faculty will be entering at the Assistant Professor level. The Department plans to expand its offering of graduate courses to cover adequately the range of academic subjects assigned to it. Proliferation of courses is, of course, undesirable and the Department strives for -11

adequate enrollment in courses since courses with small enrollments are an inefficient use of faculty time. The Department currently finds that support for research can be obtained in larger amounts than can be undertaken by present faculty and space. Since it is likely that this state of affairs will continue into the foreseeable future, research areas and sources of support can be chosen in a way that contributes to the objectives of the Department in terms of education, research results, and service to the professor and the community. The criteria for selecting research areas are: 1. The research must be in problem areas that are important to the nation and of sufficient interest to at least one faculty member who is willing to assume responsibility as principal investigator. 2. The research must be suitable for participation by graduate students (and, if possible, undergraduates as well). 3. The research should have some potential impact on the curriculum in terms of new courses, new methodologies or new course material for existing courses. The plans for graduate education are designed to continually improve the performance of the department both academically and financially. Academically the quality of the program will be improved by emphasis on potential and performance in recruiting of faculty and students. Graduate programs will be expanded to satisfy anticipated future needs, e.g., five year programs, professional programs etc. There will be a continual attempt to improve financial performance by increasing the number of degrees awarded without sacrificing quality of the program or of the studentand without increasing the burden on the faculty. -12

Departmrent of MechanicaZ Engineering —The Department presently has strong teaching and research programs in the areas of the thermal fluid sciences, design, materials and manufacturing. New laboratories have recently been established in the area of computer-aided design and work will soon be expanded both in that laboratory and in the areas dealing with automatic control, materials, manufacturing and numerical programming and bioengineering with specific emphasis on biomechanics. A great deal of the present work is computer-based and it is anticipated that the use of the computer as a computational device as well as an analytic and evaluation tool will increase significantly in the near future. The Department is presently considering the acquisition of new faculty in the area of biomechanics and materials, manufacturing, automatic control. Funds for these new faculty will come largely from State appropriations and research projects. Department of Physics —The Department's plans for the future include participation in the new National Accelerator Laboratory at Weston, Illinois; a tutorial approach to advanced graduate courses; a pre-seminar for incoming graduate students to hasten their understanding of research-level seminar material; research in the scattering of metastable atoms, an upper-atmosphere phenomenon; and the use of computers in teaching. Department of PoZitical Science —The Department has expanded greatly in recent years, and most of the new additions are trained in and committed to the use of quantitative techniques that require a heavy use of computers. -13

Industrial engineering has in the past played a vital role in the improvement and efficienty of productive processes. These same techniques are now being applied in other areas in non-profit and governmental institutions. For example, the Hospital Systems Improvement Project employs 6 industrial engineers working with 20 hospitals in the Michigan area, utilizing industrial engineering and operations research techniques. Cooperative efforts with industry are being expanded. Graduates of the Industrial Engineering programs are in great demand by organizations in Michigan and elsewhere. The political science programs that will contribute most to the state are those in urban studies and simulation of the urban environment, which will be primarily carried out by those members of our faculty who have appointments in the Institute of Public Policy Studies (formerly Institute of Public Administration). Given the current interest in urban problems, the importance of these programs is obvious. Graduates of the Department of Computer and Communication Sciences go into teaching and research. The Department has trained about thirty persons at the M. S. level, most of whom now work in the computer industry, who have not gone on to the doctorate. Although the Graduate School of Business Administration is, in a sense, a national institution, it serves and draws on the resources of the State of Michigan in particular and the Great Lakes States in general. Its service to the area is exemplified by: (1) Research into various aspects of the Michigan and Great Lakes States economy, performed by the School's Bureau of Business Research together with various members of the faculty; (2) The -14

development and presentation of various short courses and seminars aimed at helping the State's and the region's business community; and (3) the training of students, many of whom are drawn from Michigan and the surrounding Great Lakes states, in business at both the masters and the Ph. D. level. The School draws on the resources of the region by maintaining close relationships with the business and industrial community of Michigan and its neighboring states. In this way, the state of the "art.of business" at the School is kept current and the students are provided with the latest business methods and concepts as well as the developing concepts of the future. The continuous production of well-educated graduates in mechanical engineering has had and will continue to have an important influence on the general economic plan in the State of Michigan and the Midwest, as they do in all portions of the country. Perhaps of special significance to the large manufacturing area of Southeastern Michigan and along the ChicagoPittsburgh axis will be the Department of Mechanical Engineering's work in computer-ailded design and manufacturing technology with special emphasis on automatic programming of production which can result from a marriage of the work in automatic control, materials, computer programming and manufacturing processes. -15

The next two or three years likewise will involve additional data processing needs; expansion is envisaged of programs in the simulation of the urban environment, survey work in urban areas, the comparative electoral behavior project already underway, and, even more importantly, an increasing use of computers by our graduate students. Thus the expansion of the use of data processing facilities will be largely independent of the growth in faculty and students. Within the next two years, one new man must be added in political theory, one in international relations, and one in American national politics. In cooperation with the Institute of Public Policy Studies, at least three appointments will be made in the general areas of organizational theory and behavior, urban politics, and, possibly, simulation of the urban environment. 2.3 ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS The proposed facility will improve both the graduate instructional and the research programs of the Computing Center's users, which in turn will benefit the eventual employers of the graduates, the sponsors of -the research, and society as a whole. For instance, expanded or improved programs in water resources engineering, water pollution abatement, and transportation engineering have particular significance in relation to economic problems confronting Michigan and the other Great Lakes states, but are also pressing in other regions. The Department of Civil Engineering expects the graduate programs (which involve heavy use of computing facilities) to expand markedly in these areas during the next ten years. -16

SECTION III. CONSTRUCTION TIME AND FUNDING SCHEDULE 3.1 Estimated Construction Time ScheduZe Month Year.311 Bidding Documents to be Completed July 1969 3.12 Date of Advertising for Bids August 1969 3.13 Contract to be Awarded October 1969 3.14 Work to be Completed April 1971 3.2 Financial Plans 3.21 Source of Funds for the Proposed Facility: The Regents of the University, at their June 21, 1968, meeting, approved allocation of University funds, coupled with this request for Federal participation for construction of the Computing Center Building at a total project cost of $1,535,000. No other Federal funds are being requested. 3.22 Dependency of Construction Plans and Schedule upon Receipt of Federal Support: Lack of Federal support is -likely to necessitate a serious reduction of the scope of the project, since no other outside support is being requested. 3.3 AvailabiZity of Site 3,31 Ownership of Site: See Appendix I. -17

SECTION IV. PROPOSED FACILITIES BUDGET 4,00 -- New Construction.10 Purchase of Lands $ -0Al Purchase of Buildings -0-.12 Preliminary Site Clearance -0-.13 Surveys and Testing -0-.14 Architectural Fees 65,500.15 Resident Inspection of Construction 17,300.16 Construction 1,195,000. 17 Built-In Equipment -O-.18 Site Improvements, $6.0,000 Utility Connections $64,000 124,000.19 Construction Contingency 92,300.20 Essential -Legal and Administrative Expenses -0-.21 Capitalized Interest -0-.22 Movable Initial Equipment 40,000.23 Works of Art -0-.24 Prorated Cost of Central Utility Facility -0-..25 Total Development Cost Including Capitalized Interest 1,535,000.26 Total Development Cost Excluding Capitalized Interest -0-.27 Total Eligible Development Cost 1,535,000 -18

SECTION V. AREAS, COSTS, AND GRANT REQUEST CALCULATION 5.1 Item New Construction a. Total Gross Sq. Ft. in Facility 29,720 b. Total Net Sq. Ft. in Facility 19,648 c. Efficiency Ratio 66.11% do Total Eligible Development Cost $1,535,000 e, Development -Cost Per Gross Sq. Ft. $51.65 f. Development Cost Per Net Sq. Ft. $78 13 g, OE Graduate Net (Title II) Sq. Ft. 17,487 h. Percent OE Title II Participation 89% i. OE Graduate Gross (Title II) Sq. Ft. 26,451 j. Total Eligible Development Cost for Title II $1,366,150 k. Amount Requested $ 455,383 It will be apparent that a facility like a Computing Center has an integrated space utilization that does not permit strictly physical analysis. However, records of expenditures are kept so as to identify activities by course level, research involving graduate student participation, etc. The use is based on allocations of expenses for computer services. The use rate is uniform for all such services. Total expenditures for computation during the winter term of 1968 (the most recent for which figures are available) were as follows: Activity Amount Percent Academic staff projects $ 61,265.13 10.308 Graduate courses and theses 133,817.68 22.516 Undergraduate courses and healthrelated courses and theses 65,910.20 11.090 Sponsored research 333,334~ 56 56.086 Total $594,327057 100.00% Using these figures to establish a criterion of eligible space, it has been determined that 89% of the total expenditures for this period were for activities representing eligible Title II space. This figure has been used in the above calculation. -19

'SECTION VI. PRESENT. AND REQUESTED FACILITIES 6.1 PRESENT FACILITIES6.11 Description of Present Facilities —The Computing Center -of The University of Michigan was established nine years ago, in July, 1959, in part of the ground floor of the North University building, formerly a plant maintenance.and storage facility. About 6,400 gross square feet were allocated to'house the IBM 704 computer and, for a time, the type 650 computer, as well as for public work space.and.staff offices. A project conducted.by the College of Engineering, supported by the Ford Foundation,, and the establishment of the Center itself almost at once led to, a.demand for more public space. Two additional rooms were renovated in 1959 and'added to the Center's space, bringing the total gross -square footage to 7,200. In June, 1962-,;.when.the.model 709 was about to be replaced by the 7090 computer, — additional space,.including part of an inside loading area, was enclosed to bring the total-to about 8,400 sq. ft. In this growth -sequence,. -the, space allocated to the main computer remained at.about -2,00Q sq..- ft.., although the number of components — per square.foot increase-d ~to well above the recommended maxima for'good operations.. i- -The -,advent of the model 67 computer forced an expansion-into. -contiguous space. The computer area was enlarged in. November -1966 (by removitg a central-hall and incorporating a counseling —room,- a-.keypunch room, and public work space), to about 4,000Q. sqf,,;t. This space now accomodates the presently installed duplex model 67 and its -associated communications equipment, but no major enlargement of the area is possible any longer. -20

To compensate- for..-.the lost..o.ff.ice.and public work space, an attached garage was renova-ted.at.;.the same -time- and some offices and a basement.in.. an-adjacent: -wing; were made available, The -basement area,.- previously' used-for..the. storage.of.geological core samples, was converted-..to.faculty and programmer offices even though it was-far from ideal.. With;:-these additions, the total square footage occupied.by.the Center (including toilets, halls, walls, air..conditioning,..;.'..etc..).- increased. to about 17,000. The:Center:employed-. 19 persons.when it was first established; it now has a'staff-..of:'..76,..-.no.t-.including supporting IBM.personnel (their number-has risen from.2 to..10 in the same period). When the first machine. became: operational, there were about 400 active computer users;.there —now are more than 4,000 requests for authorization to use the machine-per semester. In brief, the-work has increased by a factor- of- 10, the-.staff..by a factor of 3, and the computer space requirement has-doubled,. The...present building, never designed as a facility for a-.computing -.center,.- never well suited to accommodate the power, -air-conditioning,.-. communications,. and security requirements of a-.comp.uter' installation -has-.been -successively modified on an cad hoc basis- until f.urthe=r: expansion -is impossible, Of the "-'.overall: existing teaching and research facilities" of The University" of. Michigan, it may be said, in general, that they exhibit a strength..and'~diversity reflecting- 150 years. of enlightened public'and private-":support-..of' an institution -dedicated,'almost from its beginnings,"to-the-indivisibility of education, research, and service. Some indication'.of this..character may be.apparent from. Table I,.which —lists.the-.numb.ers-. of. the teaching faculty, by -rank, -21

Fig. 1 Main entrance. as seen through machine room door with dispatch window at right.

Fig. 2 Public work space with partitioned counselling area at right.

k) / Fig. 3 Seminar room and storage.

<kg.~~~~~~~~........ x *i~~~~~~~~~~~~~;>. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~,p I~~~~~~~~~~~~%)~~~~~~~~~~I Fig. 4 The keypunch room.

NEI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.0 C-I tr U.-H ~~~~.......... 0 0'-26-'

TABLE I. DISTRIBUTION OF TEACHING FACULTY- BY RANK AND UNIT* 1967-68 Assoc. Asst. Unit...Ptrof.-..of. Prof. Other** Total College of Architecture and Design 41 12 17 12 82 School of Business Administration 39 11 10 6 66 Dearborn Campus 8 30 19 28 85 School of Dentistry 38 17 23 37 115 School of Education 47 27 23 71 168 College of Engineering 136 80 61 30 307 Flint College 11 12 13 30 66 Law School 40 9 3 7 59 College of Literature, Science, and the Arts 436 188 244 142 1,010 Medical School 143 126 141 140 550 School of Music 60 12 9 45 126 School of Natural Resources 20 11 7 8 46 School of Nursing 9 15 16 44 84 College of Pharmacy 4 5 4 3 16 School of Public Health 37- 43 27 34 141 School of Social Work 18 14 20 7 59 Physical Education 4 13 16 30 63 TOTAL 1,091 625 653 674 3,043 *Figures represent positions, not individuals,. i.e., those holding joint appointments are counted in each of their units. **Not including teaching fellows. -27

of the University's constituent schools and'colleges, themselves an indication of the University's complexity. (The Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies has no separate faculty of its own but serves as the unit through which the Ph.D. and numerous other graduate programs are administered.) The University's various libraries have approximately 3,600,000 bound volumes in their collections. Among the specialA ized collections are the William L. Clements Library of -Americana, the Michigan Historical Collections, a Transportation Library, and libraries serving all the academic departments. Particularly strong holdings have been acquired in Oriental materials, medical and public health volumes, the natural and social sciences, and mathematics (the strength of the latter is attested to by the presence of MathematicaZ Reviews at the University). The libraries' staff, the second largest in the nation of university libraries, is more than 425; the total annual budget for the Library is about $4,000,000. The variety of the University's specialized research centers, organizations, institutes —many of them offering graduate and undergraduate students the opportunity to participate. in research —can perhaps be suggested by listing. some of the outstanding units:'the Museums of Anthropology, Archeology, Paleontology, and Zoology; the Herbarium; the Botanical Gardens, a 280-acre tract with specially designed laboratory and classroom facilities; the Biological Station, about 9,000 acres between Douglas and Burt Lakes, 260 miles north of Ann Arbor, which has been used for instruction and research in aquatic studies since 1909, and now has an.all-weather lakefront. -28

laboratory building as its. most modern facility; the Great Lakes Research Division of the Institute of Science and Technology, which maintains a number of research vessels on the Great Lakes; the Space Research Laboratory, on the University's North Campus, which houses many of the activities of the major units (the Space Physics Research Laboratory, the High Altitude Engineering Laboratory, and the Radio Astronomy Observatory) involved in space research; the Area Centers (Chinese Studies, Japanese Studies, Near Eastern and North African Studies, Russian Studies, and South and Southeast Asian Studies); the -Cyclotron Laboratory; the Environmental Simulation Laboratory of the School of Natural Resources; the Institute for Social Research, comprised of the Survey Research Center, the Research Center for Group Dynamics, and the Center for Research on the Utilization of Scientific Knowledge; the Institute for the Study of Mental Retardation; the Highway Safety Research Institute; the University of Michigan Population Program; the Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations; the Center for Research on Learning and Teaching; the Center for Research on Language and Language Behavior; and the Center for Human Growth and Development. About 2,000 graduate students are currently parti'cipating in sponsored research conducted through these and other University units. The total dollar volume of research activity for the fiscal 1967-68 year at the University was $62,107,019, including support, from all sources. Details of the research support for the eight units selected for the purposes of this application as representative users of the Computing Center are presented in Section 7.4. -29

6.12 Future Use of Present Space —The Uhiversity's present plans are to retain all the present space, apportioning it among those units and activities most likely to benefit from it when the Computing Center's new facility is ready for occupancy. It appears very likely that research activities, in which graduate students are generally heavily involved, will be housed in the present space, depending on compatibility of use, proximity:to related activities and personnel, etc. 6.2 PROPOSED PROJECT 6.21 Description of Proposed Project The design of the new Computing Center Building combines many. special concepts for a flexible space. intended to house large-scale. data processing systems for both present and future facilities. In order -to appreciate these features and concepts, several facts about computing systems need to be examined: Ao While Large Scale Integration-(LSI) and other advances in technology will reduce the physical volume of the. logic in present equipments, the need for more complex logic may well cause an increase in total-volume of future-systems.-. B. The demand for large direct access files -will'surely cause the volume occupied by ~future systems to be larger than present systems. These devices may be needed to provide increased storage capacity at:a rate of 400*10 bytes per year for the near future (and.at'rates that are' probably -greater beyond that period). This leads one to anticipate a rate of growth of - total machine system volume at a rate of approximately 20% per yearo -30

C. The demand for both batch and interactive -computing will cause a need for growth in both I/O equipment and data..comtnunications facilities. In this area, two factors will help restrain the role of growth of machine system volume: (1) The I/O facilities are very likely to increase data handling rates per unit of equipment thus allowing more data to be handled in roughly the same physical volume. -The net rate of growth.is estimated at 5 to 10% per -year. (2). The use of integrated circuitry by both the telephone company and the computer manufacturers will allow for. substantial increases -in data communication capacity with only small increases-, in package volume. Also the -'"bandwidth" of data, communications- channels is very likely to increase substantially in the near future. The net rate, of growth-is estimated at 5% per year. The above suggests that, no matter what space use is made when the building is first occupied, the total building space may be filled with the machinery of.computation systems'within 10 years. As a result of this awareness,.the new Computing Center Building incorporates -some long familiar concepts of computer programming to minimize the "fixed" or "bound" space to allow for orderly and, systematic growth of the computing facility. This has been done with the use of two."core" units containing the fixed building facilities like stairways, restrooms, elevators, air-conditioning and power shafts.. Second, the use of the "core" units permits a -completely.open and maximally flexible central space.on three levels. By providing -31

a complete computer floor for the entire internal space, the building will allow for orderly rational system:-growth (and also allow for flexible general office and workspace use in the interim). All power, air-conditioning, communications, special cooling and other facilities will be contained within the computer floor space as well as all computing systems cables. Thirdly, by the clever use of prestressed concrete T-beams. all internal columns are eliminated and a clear span of 60' by 120' is available for systems occupancy on all three floors. Finally, it is important to understand the fundamental importances of the three-level concept. Computing systems, like all systems depending upon the propagation of electromagnetic radiation to achieve information transmission, is inherently.faced with an upper-bound on the propagation velocity of about one foot per nanosecond. This means that if systems:are to get significantly faster the systems.. must minimize the physical length of cabling. Taken to the obvious limit, the apparent shape for an "ideal" Computing Center Building would be a sphere with the fastest memories or storage units and processors at the center and slower, more voluminous devices located in "layers" at increasing radius from the central units. This type of design, if it were not for obvious fundamental building fabrication problems and costs, would minimize cable length and maximize the speed of the system. The best realizable shape for an "ideal"' computing center is.an approximation to. the sphere, namely a cube. The three-level rectangular structure will approximate the "ideal" sphere in a highly practical way. "Over and under" computer designs are already being built for research and military purposes and commercial systems are certainto follow in the future with this design. -32

Already existing systems will benefit by reducing cabling in the multiplexor channel "daisy chains" and by permitting the functional separation of the relatively dusty and dirty operations of card reading, punching and line printing into an area contigious.to the public input/output and work areas. This will also increase the reliability of systems components more. sensitive to dust-and dirt. (such as high density magnetic tapes, discs,. data cells and. drums). The use of prestressed concrete beams is'designed -to allow for the placing of -strategically located cable sleeves in the web sections of the beams. This will enable, the vertical organization, placement and operation of the systems to maximum advantage without constraining the fundamental building structure with fixed columns and cable shafting. Other important features recognize the increasing importance of total system reliability to the University community., More and'more remote systems depend on central computing services obtained through communications facilities from a continuously operational central system. The present duplex IBM/360 67 already provides automatic -load switching among the Central Processing Units. A similar improvement in the air-conditioning system and primary' power systems is included in the new plans. These facilities are a practical compromise between maximum.reliability and cost. Complete backup in manually reconfigured mechanical and electrical systems will provide this capability. A complete backup facility;will guarantee continous operation except for extremely low probability incidents. The air-conditioning system looks to the increasing importance of liquid-cooled processors -33

and memories by.providing a primary chilled water source for use in both the distributed-air-conditioning heat exchangers and directly in the computing systems itself. Modern computing systems are characterized by ~some units with very large energy dissipation, such as memories and processors, while others have low energy release, such as controller, switch console and some electromechanical devices.. This-poses a very difficult problem in maintaining a proper-system environment. The proposed design allows for a distribution of modular cooling units to match the distribution of heat release. The foregoing brief discussion emphasizes the flexibility, modularity and growth potential of this new building for the computing system proper. Other equally important aspects of the design are directed at present needs and immediate occupancy requirements. The building design readily accomodates a functionalorganization for the use of the space in many activities that engage the members of the University -community with computing. The core structures permit the control of personnel trafficflow and effectively organize -the building to serve its cQmmunity of users. -It is recognized that both batch and'remote terminal use will flourish and complement each other. This space is provided for on-site work and counseling as well as remote user counseling. Equally important are spaces for giving demonstrations and4 lessons on the effective use of the systems. It is.well known that thiis educational role is crucial to the successful operation of the facility. -34

The Computing Center currently has more than 5,000 user identi.fications active in the system and this number grows at nearly 300-500 users/month. The education of these users is critical. A novel feature is the recognition of the interactive of remote terminals and the bat.ch.processed system. Since a user may originate a batch processed job from a!remote terminal, he must pick up his printed results at.the Computing Center. A drive-in window is designed to help.speed this type of use. Finally, flexible space for research, administration and operation is provided to match the dynamices of the system itself. By providing computer flooring over the entire space, it will be possible to grow in an evolutionary manner. This will be in marked contrast to most earlier computing building designs. Location The-Computing Center.Building will be located on North Campus just south of the Institute of Science and Technology on North Campus Boulevard and just west of University Printing building on Beal Avenue.. The site.is within easy walking distance of the proposed College of Engineering complex, the Chrysler Center for Continuing Engineering Education, and the North Campus Commons. Figure 6 is an aerial photograph of the site. The Building' This three-story masonry building is the first phase of a planned expansion of the I.S.T. complex. The building is a simple rectangle in plan with a small service-core appendage on the north and on the south. Elevator, stairs, toilets, janitor's closets, duct shafts and pipe chases are housed in these external cores, -35

tli~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~ii~~~~~~~~~~~iiii iiii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iiiiii Mllig Aerial view of proposed site for new ComputingCenter.. iiii~iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ~iiiiiiii-:~-:::::::-: r;,:;:-:: —-f o r'::-:'_...........~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:iii:: iii:::.:::::.:~~:~~::~~i:!i-:; L4.)~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::::::::: ON~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::: ~:~~ Fig. 6 Aerial view of proposed site for new Computing Center*ii~::: i:: -iil:: i.,::::::::

which allows for future expansion to the north and/or the south. The structural system is clear-span, precast-concrete double tees carried by load bearing masonry exterior walls. The Basement Floor is entirely assigned to mechanical and electrical equipment, including service entries for all underground utilities and for steam from new and existing boilers in the I.S.T. building. The First Floor contains all public functions, including Reception and Control, I/O Dispatch, Users Terminals and Workroom, Seminar, Keypunch Room, Counseling, and Demonstration and Display. General Receiving and Paper Storage open directly off a truck dock. A particular feature of the I/O Dispatch function will permit direct contact between vehicular traffic and dispatch via a drivein window arrangement. The Second Floor provides at-grade entrance from the north and includes the Computer Room, and an adjacent open office landscape area housing Programmers, Systems Analysts, Staff Terminals and Electronics and Customer Engineer Shops. Future expansion of the Computer Room may encompass the entire floor and can be easily accomplished by removing the low-height partitions. The Third Floor is similar to the Second Floor, except for office use. These spaces are administrational and include Director, Associate Directors, Assistant Director, Administrative Assistant, Business Manager, Research Associates, Programmers and related conference, Secretarial Records, and Library facilities. -37

Mechanical The-mechanical system-will be composed of a central chilled water system and cooling tower providing 100% standby capacity, with remote air-conditioning apparatus in the computer space. Cooling tower shall include wet sump basin, vertical discharge fans, trays and frame to control condenser water between 85-950F. Packaged air-conditioning equipment complete with fans, chilled water cooling coil, drain, steam heating coil and steam reheat elements, humidifier, filters and cabinet enclosure to match computer equipment. Units shall be vertical downdraft air discharge model, adapting the floor plenum space as the supply air duct with floor grilles or outlets provided by the floor system to distribute the conditioned air to the computer space. Return air to the units shall include a completely prewired-control center to maintain temperature and humidity year-round. Perimeter radiation will be provided where required. Heating Plant - gas/oil fired firetube forced draft boiler for low pressure steam.system located in existing I.S.T. Building boiler room. Steam and condensate piping to be underground in conduit system. Existing I.S.T. Building heating plant will be used as emergency source of steam to. serve Computing Center. Fire protection system consisting of hose standpipe and a sprinkler system where required at Paper Storage area. Make connections to storm sewer, sanitary sewer, water and gas. Underground utilities services brought to within 5'-0" of building. -38

EZectricaZ Service to the building will be supplied from the campus primary distribution system;- for reliability, two services are recommended. The substation shall comprise two primary load-break air interrupter fusible switches; manual-transfer, two non-fusible load-break primary switches; dual ended substation. Secondary protection shall be fusible circuit-breaker type. Distribution voltage for-environment control, 3 phase power and fluorescent lighting shall be 277/480 V, 3 phase, 4 wire for non-computer receptacles, incandescent lighting and single phase motors. Distribution voltage for computer leads shall be separated 120/208 V, 3 phase, 4 wire. Generally, the lighting shall be fluorescent, laid out in a linear pattern. In the computer areas, lighting level shall be 100 f.c. maintained. Auxiliary systems: manually controlled clock system; telephone raceway system; public address system; fire alarm system; fire detection system. Connections will be made'to power and communications. Underground utilities and services will be brought to within 5'-0" of the building. 6.22 Assignable Space by Departments: Not applicable. 6.23 Room Tabulation of Net or Assignable Space See Appendix II. -39

6.3 LIST OF FIXED EQUIPMENT The total estimated cost of the fixed equipment is included in Section IV, Proposed Facilities Budget. 6.4 LIST OF MOVABLE EQUIPMENT The total estimated cost of the movable equipment is included in Section IV, Proposed Facilities Budget. A list of movable equipment will be submitted for approval after a grant has been awarded. -40

SECTION VII. STUDENTS AND STAFF 7,1 NUMBER OF STUDENTS AND STAFF 7.11 Total Present Enrollment of the University Graduate enrollment 14,095 Undergraduate enrollment 25,429 Total 39,524 Part-time students are included in the above totals; no separate records are kept for them. 7.12 Numbers of Present and Anticipated Personnel in Graduate Teaching and Research School of Business Administration Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 90 70 105 85 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows __.... __ Research Associates (not students) 25 15 50 25 Research Technicians (not students) 14 12 25 20 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 152 67 200 100 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) 595 595 750 750 (No. in Doctoral Program) 82 82 130 130 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M.S. Program) 308 100 450 150 (No. in Doctoral Program) 20 5 32 8 -41

Department of Civil Engineering Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 29 25 30 27 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows..... Research Associates (not students) -- -- -- -- Research Technicians (not students) -- -- -- -- Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 10 10 10 10 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) 39 39 50 50 (No. in Doctoral Program) 30 30 40 40 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M.S. Program) 6 4 12 8 (No. in Doctoral Program) 9 6 12 8 Department of Computer and Communication Sciences Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 14 5.5 20 10.5 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows 1 1 -- -- Research Associates (not students) 1 1 1 1 Research Technicians (not students) -- -- -- -- Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 5 5 8 8 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) -- -- -- -- (No. -in Doctoral Program 69 69 100 100 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M.S. Program) -- -- - -- (No. in DoctoralProgram) -- -- -- -- -42

Department of Electrical Engineering Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 51 35 60 45 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows __ __ -- _ Research Associates (not students) 28 28 30 30 Research Technicians (not students) 50 46 53 51 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 22 20 25 25 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) 2 2 5 5 (No. in Doctoral Program) 34 34 49 49 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M. S. Program) 15 8 16 9 (No. in Doctoral Program) 41 21 44 21 Department of Industrial Engineering ~j Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 19 15.27 1 40 26.5 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows. — -- j 10 10 Research Associates (not students) 9 6.75- 27 20 Research Technicians (not students) 1 1 4 4 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 15 14 30 30 Graduate Students* (No. in M.S. Program) 32 17.9 65 30 (No. in Doctoral Program) 25 7.7 50 30 *No distinction is made between part-time and full-time students; all students are considered full-time. Practically all faculty are involved in both graduate and undergraduate teaching, and a division of the fulltime equivalent is not feasible. -43

Department of Mechanical Engineering Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 58 54 65 60 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows 2 4 4 Research Associates (not students) 1 1 2 2 Research Technicians (not students) 15 15 18 18 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 10 10 12 12 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) 60 60 80 80 (No. in Doctoral Program) 40 40 60 60 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M.S. Program) 25 10 40 15 (No. in Doctoral Program) 2 1 10 4 Department of Physics Five years Present after completion Personnel Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 55 53 62 62 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows 4 4 10 10 Research Associates (not students) 17 17 25 25 Research Technicians (not students) 17 17 20 20 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 106 75 125 100 Graduate Students —Full-time (No. in M.S. Program) 29 29 35 35 (No. in Doctoral Program) 133 133 160 160 Graduate Students —Part-time (No. in M. S. Program) 4 2 10 10 (No. in Doctoral Program) -- L I l -44

Department 6o Political Science It Five years Present after completion. Personnel i Total FTE Total FTE Academic Staff 47 38 60 43 Postdoctoral Res. Fellows 1 1 4 4 Research Associates (not students) __ __ Research Technicians (not students) -- -- 2 2 Supporting Personnel (Clerical, Technical, and other) 5 5 7 7 Graduate Students —Full-time otal: 224 109 300 (No. in MtS, Program) (computed on bas of 4 cour es (No, in Doctoral Program) per term being full load) Graduate Students —Part-time otal: 9 (No, in M.S. Program) (No. in Doctoral Program) 7.13 Undergraduate Enrollment by Departments School of Business Administration 280 Department of Civil Engineering 187 Department of Computer and Communication Sciences 30 Department of Electrical Engineering 494 Department of Industrial Engineering 242 Department of Mechanical Engineering 420 Department of Physics 176 (2,178*) Department of Political Science 355 (3,200*) *Total enrollment in undergraduate courses. No part-time enrollment figures are kept. 7.2 RECRUITMENT OF NEW PERSONNEL 7.21 Recruitment of FacuZty —New faculty positions to meet the expanding demand for undergraduate and graduate instruction on the use and application of computers will be established in the departments where the needs are perceived. Positions contemplated for the future by representative departments have been mentioned in -45..

Section 2.2. These positions will be funded from College and Departmental budgets. It is unlikely that there will be additions to the senior academic staff of the Computing Center. The present senior staff all hold relevant professional appointments, but have the development of the computer facilities of the institution as their primary responsibility. As the system expands and the type of services available to users diversifies, a Service Manager will be added to supervise the provision of efficient services to the routine user. This position would be funded from the operating budget of the Center. In addition, the group of programming assistants, counselors, machine operators, etc., will be maintained at the level optimal to user demands. Such positions are usually non-academic, but may be filled part-time by advanced graduate students. 2 Faculty and Students from Minority Groups Special efforts at The University of Michigan to attract faculty and students from minority groups include, on the undergraduate level, the Opportunity Award Program which combines special recruitment efforts, substantial financial aid, and counseling and tutorial assistance. Currently, 445 undergraduates, of whom more than 90% are Negroes, are enrolled at the University under this program. At the graduate level, efforts to recruit and assist students from minority groups are being made by a number of the University's schools, colleges, and departments: among others, the Medical -46

and Law Schools, the Schools of Dentistry, Social Work, and Public Health, and the Departments of Physics and of Economics. The Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies is providing significant financial assistance in four separate programs to individual students and to departments seeking to recruit minority-group students, and has just hired a counselor to work with minority-group students. The University's exchange program with Tuskegee Institute, begun in 1963 and supported by the U. S. Office of Education under Title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965 for the last three years, has produced, among other benefits, Negro graduate students in a variety of programs —e.g., public health, education, anatomy, and mathematics. Dr. William Cash, formerly of the U. S. Office of Education, began his duties as Human Relations Coordinator on September 1, 1968. In this newly created position, Dr. Cash is directly responsible to the President, with assignments including efforts to increase the number of minority-group students, faculty, and staff. Dr. William Haber, who retired in June, 1968, as Dean of the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, is serving this year as Special Assistant to the President, and has been asked to assist in the recruitment of black faculty members. Although the number of Negro faculty members remains disproportionately small, more Negroes are now on the faculty than ever before, partly because of the University's continuing efforts to take affirmative action in the rectuitment of -47

minority-group members. Among units whose faculty now include Negroes are the Schools of Education and Music, and the Departments of Art, English, Mathematics, Microbiology, Pediatrics, Political Science, Psychology, and Romance Languages. Prominent administrative positions are presently held by Negroes in the Graduate School, the Office of Academic Affairs, and the Office of Student Services. 7.23 Average Graduate Record Scores —The criteria used by the various academic units of the University in evaluating applications for admission to their graduate programs differ sufficiently to necessitate individual description of each department's requirements. The School of Business Administration requires applicants to take the Admission Test for Graduate Study in Business. At the M. A. level, entering 1968-69 students had an average of 568; at the Ph. D. level, 637. An overall consideration of an applicant's qualifications by the Admissions Committee, rather than any minimum GPA, is the determining factor in admissions. The Department of Civil Engineering does not use the Graduate Record Examination for admission of graduate students. Normally, applicants must have at least a B average in their undergraduate programs to qualify for consideration. Exceptions may be made if the applicant is recommended strongly by a member of the faculty, but a 2.7 average is minimum. -48

The Department of Computer and Communication Sciences requires applicants to submit Graduate Record Examination scores, but no minimum score is required for admission. The applicant's academic record, the nature of the institutions he has previously attended, and his career objective, as well as three references, are evaluated in determining his admission. The Department of Electrical Engineering requires a 2.8 average of Michigan graduates and a 3.0 average of other applicants. Graduate Record Examinations are not required. The Department of Industrial Engineering takes into consideration the overall record of applicants to the graduate department, including grade point average and scores on the Graduate Record Examinations. However, there is no minimum average or score which is used to disqualify an applicant. In general, admission standards are equivalent to those in the major engineering schools in the country. The Department of Mechanical Engineering requires a 3.0 GPA of all applicants except graduates of Michigan or other highly rated universities. The Graduate Record Examination is now required at both the master's and doctoral level, a criterion, in effect slightly more than a year, expected to be helpful in evaluating the records of applicants from unfamiliar schools. For the present students enrolled, the following are some average data dealing with the Graduate Record Examination. M.S.E. students: Verbal, 576; Quantitative, 753; Advanced Engineering, 701. New Ph.D. students: Verbal, 6 13 Quantitative, -49

726; Advanced Engineering, 555. For graduate students whose applications were rejected the following applies: Verbal, 451; Quantitative, 702; Advanced Engineering, 621. The Department of Physics does not require Graduate Record Examinations, but may use them in evaluation if available. Applicants are judged on their academic records, especially in physics, mathematics, and chemistry. The standard GPA requirement is 3.0. References are used when available; personal interviews are encouraged. The Department of Political Science has analyzed the Graduate Record Scores of its students as follows: Male Female Verbal 600 71% 67% Quantitative 700 81% 96% Achievement 600/70% A B average in undergraduate work is required of applicants. Although Graduate Record Examinations are required, no minimum score is set for applicants. Letters of recommendation are not required, but may help in evaluation if avialable. -50

7.3 SALARY LEVELS TABLE II Salary Levels By Rank in Selected Departments* Assoc. Asst. Unit Prof. Other Prof. Prof. Business Administration $23,883 $16,136 $13,735 $13,049 Civil Engineering 28,102 16,930 13,780 12,400 Computer & Communication Sciences 24,593 22,032 ------ 11,154 Electrical Engineering 23,888 18,246 16,218 Industrial Engineering 25,218 20,683 17,204 11,090 Mechanical Engineering 24,063 17,496 13,717 9,756 Physics 21,427 14,355 12,252 Political Science 21,269 16,504 12,317 10,915 *Twelve-month basis. Includes average salaries of full-time persons working the University year (9 months), which has been equated to 12 months (by 11/9) for comparability with those appointed full-time 12 months. (The calculation allows for a one-month vacation.) 7. 4 ANNUAL RESEARCH SUPPORT School of Business Administration Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support -OSubtotal -0Non-federal Support University Budget $ 10,725 05 Industrial Support 2,723.36 Other Sources: Ford Foundation 2,000.00 John H. Seeley Foundation 262.95 Miscellaneous Donors 158.58 Subtotal $ 15,869.94 GRAND TOTALS $15,869.94 -51

Department of Civil Engineering Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support National Science Foundation $ 45,647.21 Public Health Service 50,154.01 National Aeronautics & Space Administration 8,430.87 Other Federal Agencies Department of the Interior 46,291.03 Department of the Army 49,709.97 Department of the Navy 7,412.96 Subtotal $207,645.98 Non-f ederal Support University Budget 846.37 Industrial Support 103,091.06 Other Sources~ Michigan State University, 6,045.37 Michigan State Highway Department 9,974.17 Auto Safety Foundation 3,567.32 City of Pontiac 624.29 Subtotal $125,148.58 GRAND TOTALS $331,794.63 Department of Computer and Communication Sciences Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support Public Health Service $ 96,713.65 National Aeronautics & Space Administration 98.98 Other Federal Agencies Department of the Navy 553.03 Department of the Army 579601.51 Subtotal $154,967.17 Non-federal Support -0Subtotal -0GRAND TOTALS $154, 967.17 -52

Department of Electrical Engineering Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support National Science Foundation $ 121,848.44 Public Health Service 754.91 National Aeronautics & Space Administration 2,113,982.74 Other Federal Agencies Bureau of Fisheries 10,029.15 Department of the Army 664,371.65 U. S. Air Force 1,182,330.74 Department of the Navy 391,514.48 Federal Aviation Administration 52,585.73 U. S. Department of the Interior 23,478.78 Defense Communications Agency 27,176.69 Subtotal $4,588,073.31 Non-federal Support University Budget 7,892.59 Industrial Support 170,581.58 Other Sources: Southwest Center for Advanced Studies 623.61 Michigan Department of Public Health 650.41 Thermo-Nuclear Fusion Gen. 323.82 Penn State University-Ordinance Res. Lab. 62,816.65 Subtotal $ 242,888.66 GRAND TOTALS $4,830,961.97 -53

Department of Industrial Engineering Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support Public Health Service $165,493.91 Other Federal Agencies Department of the Army 2429162.44 Subtotal $407,656.35 Non-federal Support University Budget 209.00 Industrial Support 32,089.36 Subtotal $ 32,298.36 GRAND TOTALS $439,954.71 Department of Mechanicall Engineering Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support National Science Foundation $ 125,364.03 Public Health Service 47,075.19 National Aeronautics & Space Administration 87,405.07 Other Federal Agencies Department of Commerce 11,143.19 National Bureau of Standards 17,863.99 Department of the Army 1,001,872.53 U. S. Air Force 96,935.36 Subtotal $1,387,659.36 Non-federal Support University Budget 1,202.10 Industrial Support 176,956.81 Other Sources: Miscellaneous Donors 65.05 Subtotal $ 178,223.96 GRAND TOTALS $1,565,883.32 -54

Department of Physics Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support National Science Foundation $ 363,240.08 Public Health Service 158,185.59 National Aeronautics & Space Administration 10,245.75 Other Federal Agencies U. S. Air Force 156,575.21 Atomic Energy Commission 1,793,184.15 Department of the Navy 396,959.52 Subtotal $2,878,390.30 Non-federal Support University Budget 6,095.25 Industrial Support 4,104.08 Other Sources: Sloan Foundation 9,050.92 Miscellaneous Donors 320.00 Subtotal $ 19,570.25 GRAND TOTALS $2,897,960.55 Department of Political Science Source Fiscal 1967-68 Federal Support National Science Foundation $ 9,302.83 Subtotal $ 9,302.83 Non-federal Support University Budget 1,876.42 Industrial Support.734.60 Other Sources: Carnegie Corporation 599.53 Cosgrove-Elfreda Research Project 868.37 Miscellaneous Donors 1,170.90 Subtotal $ 5,249.82 GRAND TOTALS $14,552.65 -55

7.5 NUMBER OF GRADUATE STUDENTS AIDED School of Business Administration Fellowships & Research Teaching Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 8 Other C. E. NSF NIH NASA University 4 9 17 Others 127 6 TOTALS 139 15 17 Department of Civil Engineering Fellowships & Research Teaching Source Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 2 Other O. E. NSF 5 9 NIH 3 NASA 1 University 1 12 Others 27 16 TOTALS 38 26 12 -56

Department of Computer and Communication Sciences Fellowships & Research Teaching Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 6 Other 0. E. NSF 3 3 NIH NASA 2 3 University 3 1 11 Others 6 29 TOTALS 20 36 11 Department of Electrical Engineering Fellowships & Research Teaching Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 2 Other O. E. NSF 12 8 NIH NASA 1 6 University 14 53 Others 3 86 TOTALS 18 114 53 -57

Department of Industrial Engineering Fellowships & Research Teaching Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 4 Other 0. E, NSF 7 NIH University 2 38 19 Others 10 TOTALS 23 38 19 Department of Mechanical Engineering Fellowships & Research Teaching Source Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 6 Other 0. E. NSF 7 9 NIH 3 4 NASA 2 12 University 6 9 Others 11 13 TOTALS 35 38 9 -58

Department of Physics Fellowships & Research Teaching Source Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA Other 0O E. NSF 4 11 NIH 4 NASA 1 University 4 6 27 Others 81 TOTALS 8 103 27 Department of Political Science Fellowships & Research Teaching Source Traineeships Assistantships Assistantships Office of Educ. NDEA 12 Other 0. E. NSF 5 NIH 1 NASA University 26 23 48 Others 73 TOTALS 117 23 48 -59

Financial assistance offered by, or available through, the University consists of (1) scholarships, fellowships, and grants-in-aid; (2) student loans; and (3) student employment. The largest source of scholarship, fellowship, and grant-in-aid money is in a series of Expendable Restricted accounts. These accounts represent federal grants; endowment earnings; foundation grants to schools, departments, and individuals; gifts from industry, associations, civic groups, and individuals. Well over half the total Expendable Restricted payments to students are related to instructional and research expenditures. Payments are often intrinsic parts of students' graduate training and research programs. Approximately 1,000 graduate fellowships and scholarships are provided annually for students at all levels of graduate study. Most awards range from the cost of a single term's fees to $3,000 plus term fees for two and one-half terms. Recipients are appointed by, or nominated by, the departments and programs in which the applicants are enrolled. Among these fellowships and scholarships are several which are specially endowed or provided. These awards, supported by friends of the University, are subject ro renewal from year to year. The Alumnae Council offers fellowships to women with a B. A. from an accredited college or university. Awards are made on the basis of personality, achievement, and scholastic ability. Fellowships established by the Ford Motor Company and the Detroit Edison Company through the Michigan Memorial-Phoenix Project fund work at the predoctoral level. The release, control, and utilization of nuclear energy may be studied by a graduate student in engineering, physics, chemistry, mathematics, or the social sciences. -60

The University has one of the largest student loan fund operations of any university in the country. Private gifts and endowments and the National Defense Education Act play the largest role in providing these loans. Loan funds are available to graduate students after financial need has been established in a statement of the applicant's financial resources and expenses for the academic year. Considerations for a maximum loan limit include the ability to repay, the degree program, and professional objectives. A student can apply for a loan after he has been admitted or at any time during the school year. These University loans usually carry a 3% interest rate per year. The Office of Financial Aids is responsible for informing students of the many opportunities for employment in the University and in the community. The four major areas of Student employment are in research, University housing, teaching assistantships, and University libraries. Approximately 2,000 graduate students were employed in research programs in 1966-67. Teaching fellows and assistants received more than $3 million that year. -61

7.6 GRADUATE DEGREES AWARDED UNIT YEARS* 1963-64 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1975-76 Business Administration Master 301 282 360 383 386 415 Doctorate 8 7 7 9 7 15 Civil Engineering Master 44 33 43 46 45 70 Doctorate 8 6 2 5 8 15 Professional 1 1 Computer and Communication Sciences Master 12 7 13 11 11 25 Doctorate 2 5 8 7 11 18 Electrical Engineering Master -72 66 106 90 109 150 Doctorate 12 14 21 23 20 50 Professional 1 1 1 1 2 20 Industrial Engineering Master 6 23 20 25 29 60 Doctorate 3 5 2 5 5 15 Professional 1 2 10 Mechanical Engineering Master 58 61 57 79 78 100 Doctorate 16 2 12 9 11 16. Professional 1 Physics Master 38 27 41 29 28 30 Doctorate 23 12 8 22 27 30 Political Science Master 29 16 18 37 35 50 Doctorate 7 10 12 9 15 20 *The University's fiscal year is from July 1 to June 30. -62

SECTION VIII. RESEARCH AND GRADUATE EDUCATION 8.1 BASIC RESEARCH AND GRADUATE EDUCATION IN PARTICIPATING DEPARTMENTS School of Business Administration-,The Graduate School of Business Administration was established in 1924 to offer instruction in Business Administration leading to the Master of Business Administration Degree. A few years later, work leading to the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy was added. The main purpose of the School is to provide a strong program of professional education for young men and women who wish to achieve responsible positions in business organizations and academic institutions. In keeping with this purpose, the School engages in continuing research devoted to fundamental business problems and keeps its curriculum abreast of important trends. Just recently, both the masters program and the Ph.D. program were re-examined and restructured to meet new requirements of both the business and academic communities. For example, the masters program was restructured to include such Core Areas as Management Foundation, Management Decision, Environmental, and Integrative Capstone Core. This restructuring involved the addition of several new courses among which are Huilan Behavior and Organization, Analysis Planning and Control, Business, the Economy and Public Policy, and Business Policy. The programs of the school are continually under review and it is anticipated that courses will be added and deleted as dictated by the changing requirements of the business and academic communities. -63

The general research program of the School covers practically all the functional areas of business. For the most part, the specific programs and projects are centered in either the Bureau of Business Research, the Institute for International Commerce, or the Bureau of Industrial Relations, all of which are integral parts of the Graduate School of Business Administration. Some of the research projects currently underway include: Development of a Financial Model for a Public Utility Development of a Computer Based Business Environment Investigation of Methods for Airline Parts Logistics Management Study of the Organization and Regulation of International Air Transport Study of the United States-CanadLan Automotive Agreement and its effect on the replacement parts market Development of a Method for Human Resource Accounting These projects, each under a faculty member, are staffed by research fellows drawn from the School's Ph.D. program and by research assistants drawn from the School's M. B. A. program. Present space shortages limit the number of projects that can be undertaken, as well as the number of research fellows and research assistants that can be used. This latter restriction is particularly confining since it limits the number of graduate students who can obtain practical research experience as a part of their training. -64

Department of CiviZ Engineering —In 1853, the first professor of Physics and Civil Engineering began a course of studies at The University of Michigan which led to the first degree program offered in the 1855-56 catalog. At that time, one of the courses offered, "Machines," introduced students to the mysteries of the new steam engines. From such a beginning, the first two degrees were conferred in 1860. In 1911, the field of engineering mechanics was separated from the Department of Civil Engineering, and the Department underwent a complete reorganization. From a single professorship in Civil Engineering, the Department expanded to five professorships in the areas of civil, structural, hydraulic, municipal and sanitary, and geodetic engineering. In 1915, in cooperation with the State Highway Department, a highway laboratory for physical testing was established and has served the State for many years. In 1922, a Chair of Transportation Engineering was set up within the Department. In the 1940's, staff research increased sharply, and laboratory facilities for hydraulics, structural, and sanitary engineering were enlarged. Following a postwar peak enrollment in 1949, new emphasis was placed on the quality of teaching and research. Professor Frank E. Richart, Jr, the present Chairman, has been responsible for the establishment of enlarged laboratories for sanitary engineering, soil mechanics, and structural dynamics. The Department's present quality was recognized in 1966, when it was cited by the American Council on Education as one of the ten outstanding civil engineering departments in the nation.

Six areas of research and teaching illustrate the interests of the Department: structural dynamics, soil mechanics, earthquake engineering, transportation and highway engineering, hydraulic engineering, and sanitary and water resource engineering. In the area of structural dynamics, the rapidly evolving utilization of plastic analysis in the design of steel frames has led to revised and updated course work (513. "Design of Metal Structures;" 514. "Rigid Frame Structures"). The Department has been a leader in the development of matrix procedures of structural analysis and in the use of the electronic digital computer for their application. (618. "Computer Analysis of Structures"). Another area of interest is the development of reinforced concrete constructions. (515. "Prestressed Reinforced Concrete;" 518. "Design in Reinforced Concrete"). Among current research projects underway are studies of high-strength structural steel, Elastizell concretes, and composite building units. Since 1924, the Department's work in soil mechanics has produced significant studies of bases for highways and highway structures, pavement performance, and the performance of pile-driving hammers. A new laboratory, completed in 1964, has helped greatly to increase research activities. Present and future work in soil mechanics is expected to stimulate teaching and research in structural dynamics, and hydrodynamics, which, combined with soil mechanics, will provide a basis for new programs in earthquake engineering. Current investigations include various analyses of soil stability and a study entitled "Strain-History Sensitivity Limit for Soils Subjected to Vibrations." -66

In the field of earthquake engineering, methods of processing strong-motion records and reducing instrumental data to a form suitable for processing by a digital computer continue to be a major concern. Earthquake ground motion is being studied as computed from accelerograms and as recorded by displacement meters. Field studies of earthquakes have included those at Sk8pje, Yugoslavia, Anchorage, Alaska, Adapazari, Turkey, Caracas, Venezuela, and Konya, India. The Department has representation in the Universities Council on Earthquake Engineering Research and on the NAE Earthquake Inspection Team. Research on earthquake resistence is presently being conducted. In transportation and highway engineering, students are trained in existing technologies and prepared to meet the rapidly changing requirements of the future. Design and operational determinants in railroading and in airport planning and design (543."Soils in Highway and Airport Engineering;" 644. "Airport Planning and Design") are being considered at the professional level. Current efforts in this area include highway planning, involving the evaluation of highway needs and analysis of possible system developments in terms of money, manpower, location, and type of a given highway. The basic concern of researchers in highway design is with the operational requirements of traffic or geometric design. Physical design features with which faculty members are -urrently concerned include drainage and bridge design as well as pavement structure (547. "Principles of Pavement Design"). New concepts in material testing have been instituted in which advanced statistical techniques are used. Departmental researchers

are also concerned with the cost-effectiveness of traffic control devices and with the development of.optimal control strategies in traffic networks. Practical applications.of these developments are now being tested in Detroit, Michigan. During the past six years, a major graduate research program effort in hydraulic transients has been developed at the University. Two transient-flow laboratories are constantly active. An analysis of waterhammer in piping systems has.extended.to a study of the pulsatile blood flow through the arteries. Further extensions have led into studies of vibrations and resonance in hydraulic systems, including large hydro-projects as well as missiles, pumping systems, nuclear submarines, and nuclear power plants. More recently, theories in the control field have been developed concerning the motion of valves in liquid and natural gas systems and the motion of gates to control long open channels. Projects carried out in the University's Lake Hydraulic Laboratory (established in.19.47) have provided many graduate students with research experience and doctoral work. Basic research projects have been conducted on-such topics -as wave refraction and diffraction and the determination of forces on submerged structures. The newest project is a model testing program to determine the best harbor arrangement for protecting the penstock of a pumped storage plant that will be built on the eastern shore of Lake Michigan. Two representative current projects in this area are entitled "Propellant Line Dynamics" and "Pulsatile Flow through Distensible Tubes." -68

The ever-increasing problem of water pollution has had a definite impact on the research and teaching conducted in sanitary and waterresources engineering. The treatment plant of the future, which will concentrate on special techniques designed to remove specific categories of pollutants, has received a good deal of study at the University. Research in ion exchange, oxidation, ion flotation, the extraction of trace nutrients and bacteriologically mixed cultures is being conducted, Studies in the computer-aided design and analysis of water resources systems provide a new approach to the prqblem. Other investigations concern cost-performance effectiveness of water reclamation and recycle and the determination of a rational base for establishment of effluent changes (581. "Applied Chemistry of Water and Waste Water"). Department of Computer and Comrmunication Sciences —The communication sciences are interdisciplinary in nature,.with foundations primarily in five bordering disciplines: mathematics (algebra, analysis, numerical analysis, logic, and probability); electrical engineering (communication through noise, signal detection, switching networks, feedback, and control systems); physiology (cellular, neural, vision, hearing, and speech); psychology (sensory capacities, perceptual and motor skills, psychophysics, performance capacities, conditioning, learning, and problem solving); and linguistics (structural and mathematical) -69

Since its inception in 1957, the Communication Sciences program has given 36 Ph.D.'s and many more M.A.'s. Ph.D. dissertations have been written on switching theory, logical nets, probabilistic automata, parallel computers, cellular automata, algebraic automata theory, character recognition, formant analysis, aural physiology, speech analysis and synthesis, speech production, neural networks, heart simulation, simulation of genetic populations, pattern recognition, signal detection, and problem solving. All faculty members engage in research, and many of them are attached to research units in the university. Among these are: Computing Center, Logic of Computers Group, Systems Engineering Laboratory, Human Performance Center,-and the Mental Health Research Institute. All of these facilities employ research assistants. The Computing Center has a developing time-sharing system based on an IBM 360/67. There are a number of remote terminals on campus. The Logic of Computers Group computing facility is especially designed for the investigation of adaptive systems and is attached to the main time-sharing system. A portion of the first electronic computer, the ENIAC, is on exhibit at the Department. Department of ElectricaZ Engineering —The Department of Electrical Engineering was established in 1895, six years after a degree in the field had first been offered at the University by the Department of Physics. Courses in electric and magnetic fields and in electronics were made requirements in 1922 and 1931, respectively, the latter representing the first such requirement by an engineering school -70

in this country. The Department today numbers about 60 professors, and has a graduate student enrollment of about 300. Participation of graduate students in the Department's various research activities is extensive. Currently, investigations are being conducted in such areas as gaseous plasmas, electromagnetics, solid-state circuits, devices and materials, computer design and automata theory, automatic control systems, large-scale and stochastic systems, energy systems, electron-beam dynamics, electro-optics, and neurophysiological systems. An investigation of both the microscopic and macroscopic properties of high-temperature, high-density gaseous plasmas involves a digital computer simulation using Monte Carlo techniques. Among electromagnetic studies are investigations of the radiation, propagation, scattering, and diffraction of electromagnetic energy and its interaction with anything in its path. New methods are being developed to increase or decrease radar cross sections. Research in electrostatics has included the development of what is believed to be the most rugged and reliable open-air electrostatic generator yet produced. Future plans call for the optimization of these machines, the development of compact models without compromising performance, and an investigation of the relationship between size, voltage, and current as the size is markedly increased. Sqlid-state studies include research on semiconductor material properties, the development of new device concepts, and investigations of the use of these devices in various electronic systems. A continuing program is concerned with the development of computational -71

algorithms for the analysis and optimization of general forms of linear networks. Laboratory facilities exist for the fabrication and processing of materials and devices; an integrated circuit facility for both instruction and research in linear and microwave integrated circuits is currently under development. Work in computer design and automata theory pertains to the development of mathematical models of information-processing systems, design algorithms, and computer arithmetic. In the area of automatic control systems, research is being conducted on the application and extension of transform techniques to time-varying, discrete-time, linear systems. One large-scale continuing project is concerned with the application of automatic control system theory and digital computers to the problems of electronic warfare, communications, and counter-measures. Investigations in energy systems include a study of a method being developed for rapid selection of a small number of devices from among all possible new transmission alternatives. A computer program with built-in design experience is being written. Research in electro-optics is presently aimed at improving data recording, processing, and display, and extending the applications of holography. Investigations in neurophysiological systems emphasize cybernetic studies involving the systems aspects of animal and human nerve functions. Research on the application of engineering principles to the understanding of neurophysiology, on the interface between biological and engineering systems, and on neural processes for possible engineering applications is currently underway. -72

Among the Department's major research units are the Cooley Electronic$, Electron Physics, Electro-Optical Sciences, Neuorphysiological Systems, Plasma Engineering, Power Systems, Radiation, Space Physics Research, and the Systems Engineering Laboratories. Department of IndustriaZ Engineering —A course in scientific shop management was announced as part of the mechanical engineering curriculum in 1915. A five-year program, leading to the B.S,E. in industrial engineering was introduced in 1924, and in 1934, the fifth year of study, which was confined to industrial engineering, became a Graduate School program. A four-year curriculum in industrial engineering was initiated in 1946. In 1952 the Department of Mechanical Engineering was renamed Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. In 1956 the Department of Industrial Engineering was established as a separate unit. It is the youngest department in the College of Engineering. Initially it was concerned with the more traditional industrial engineering subjects of work measurement, production processes, engineering economics, and management engineering. To these areas have been added operations research, management sciences, computer-aided design, and design of informationprocessing systems. The traditional areas have been continuously revised and merged and the recent and traditional techniques have been blended to form a spectrum ranging from well-structured large-scale systems problems to problems primarily human related both at the level of the individual (human performance) and at the level of the organization (management engineering and organization theory). -73

The first M.S. was awarded in 1960 and a total of 191 have been awarded. The first Ph.D. was conferred in 1959 and a total of 26 have been granted. Research and development projects currently in progress include: mathematical programming; prediction of human performance on manual tasks; allocation of resources for required medical programs; defense systems and operations research; industrial flow processes; computer graphics and computer aided design; hospital systems; design of information processing systems; industrial engineering practices in small business. Department of MechanicaZ Engineering —The first official mention of mecahnical engineering at the University appeared in the Regents' proceedings for December, 1868. It was then that Professors DeVolson Wood and Stillman W. Robinson requested the Regents to establish a course in mechanical engineering, and to include a program description and degree requirements in the University's catalogue. On motion of Regent Sill, the request was granted. Thus began the program that within a century would be responsible for more than 8,000 of the degrees awarded at Michigan. As a separate course, mechanical engineering did not have an entirely successful beginning. After just two years, the Regents abolished the degree of Mechanical Engineer, resolving that the course work be absorbed into an extended program in civil engineering. Professor Wood continued to teach the orphaned ME courses, but resigned in 1872 to become Dean at Stephens Institute of Technology. -74.

It was not until nine years later that Mechanical Engineering got an effective advocate: Mortimer E. Cooley, a graduate of the U. S. Naval Academy (1878) and an Assistant Engineer in the U. S. Navy. Cooley was detailed to the University as Professor of Steam Engineering and Iron Ship-building, and his first assignment was to establish mechanical engineering courses within the Department of Civil Engineering. A month after he arrived, his title was changed to Professor of Mechanical Engineering —which meant that after 11 years of dependence, ME was once again recognized as an independent specialty. The first B.S. in mechanical engineering was awarded in 1885; the first M.E. degree, in 1895; the first M.S.E. in mechanical engineering, in 1902; the first M.S.(M.E.), in 1920; and the first Ph.D. in 1931. Over 1,000 master's level and 100 doctoral degrees have been awarded by the Department. The graduate programs leading to the M.S.E. and the Ph.D. degrees have flourished in recent years, and the general trends in education will undoubtedly make them still more important in the coming years. These programs have been carefully examined and revised by our faculty during the past two years. The 30-hour program leading to the Master's degree includes two courses elected from the areas of materials, stress analysis, and dynamics; two courses elected from the areas of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer; and two courses in graduate-level mathematics. These requirements are intended to provide the student with breadth of coverage at a relatively advanced level, while still allowing him enough flexibility to specialize in greater depth in an area of particular interest to him. -75

Students who continue for the Ph.D. must demonstrate sufficient background and breadth of knowledge in the doctoral preliminary exam, which has been revised to consist of written and oral exams in four of the six areas mentioned above plus one elective area. After this exam, the doctoral program includes advanced course work, demonstration of proficiency in one foreign language, and the doctoral dissertation. Research in the Department today is extensive and varied, including experimental and analytical investigations of problems exemplified below. Research projects give both graduate and undergraduate students an opportunity for employment, as well as valuable experience in the design and construction of experiments and equipment, the use of specialized instrumentation, and-the analysis of advanced problems. On the Main Campus, the Department occupies facilities in the West Engineering and East Engineering Buildings. On the North Campus, its facilities are in the Automotive Engineering and Fluids Engineering Laboratories. Most of its 14 laboratories are located in these two North Campus buildings. Many of those laboratories serve a dual purpose, being utilized not only as teaching laboratories at both undergraduate and graduate levels but also as research facilities. The nature and scope of the research efforts in these laboratories cannot be described here in detail, but a brief description of the types of problems studied recently and currently in progress should indicate the variety of activities and interests within the Departmento -76

In the Automotive Engineering and Combustion Laboratories, extensive research has been conducted for many years on fundamental problems related to industry. This research is particularly relevant today in view of increased public emphasis on problems related-to vehicle and highway safety and to air pollution. Examples of this research include studies of basic combustion phenomena, iall-quenching, the relation of carburetor metering to exhaust, emission, computer simulation of carburetor flow, the effect of mixture motion on combustion, combustion phenomena in supercharged enginesi, tire mechanics, vehicle reliability, vehicle brake stability, and road-tire interface conditions. Several of these and other projects are being conducted in conjunction with the University's recently established Highway Safety Research Institute. The general areas of design and automatic control include the Department's Automatic Control, Computer-Aided Design, Mechanical Analysis, and Mechanical Design Laboratories. In addition to teaching responsibilities in the areas of automatic control, instrumentation, dynamics, mechanical analysis and design, considerable research efforts are in progress in such fields as the reliability of mechanical components, basic research in biomechanics, development of orthetic and prosthetic devices (in conjunction with researchers from the University's Medical School). There is great emphasis on the areas of digital, analog, and hybrid computers, dealing with methodology and programs for simulating mechanical systems, including the use of graphic display. -77

Research in the Materials Processing Laboratory deals with problems and phenomena involved in various types of machining, in numerical control, plastic deformation, and welding. In the Rheology and Fracture Laboratory, a number of studies are currently in progress concerning the basic properties and behavior of solids, including yielding, strain-hardening, strain-aging, fatigue, sliding friction, and solidinterface behavior. Research in the Thermal-Fluid Sciences has been conducted for a number of years on a wide variety of subjects, and includes work in six Department laboratories. Problems dealing with cavitation in liquid-metal flow, multi-phase flow phenomena, and acoustics are being studied in the new Cavitation and Multi-phase Flow Laboratory. Current research in the Fluid Dynamics Laboratory is concerned with rarefied gas flow, low-density transport properties, and unsteady and separated flows. Many investigations have been conducted in the Heat Transfer Laboratory, examples of which include the effects of high and low gravity on heat transfer, boiling phenomena, oscillating flows, problems related to thermal design of nuclear reactors, transient pressurization of cryogenic vessels, thermal stresses, radiation, and stationary and oscillatory stability. Studies involving rehological properties of lubricants and fluid film thickness by optical interference techniques are presently being conducted in the Lubrication Laboratory. In the Power and Fluids Laboratory, current research deals with viscous flow in ducts and blade passages, and with problems related to jet pump performance and switching characteristics of fluid amplifiers. Research on cryogenic phenomena thermodynamic properties, thermal diffusion, and direct energy conversion is conducted in the Thermodynamics Laboratory. -78

Department of Physics —Physics was first taught at the University in 1843, under the name of natural philosophy. In the early 1870's the lectures and recitations in physics began to be accompanied by demonstrations. The first instructional laboratory was opened in 1878, and the first laboratory building was erected in 1887-88. Under H. S. Carhart, who was in charge of physics from 1886 until 1909, the Department advanced rapidly, and began to establish its reputation for research. Particularly noteworthy in the Department's pre-World War II history was a series of summer seminars, beginning in 1928 and lasting through 1941, on theoretical physics, supplemented by informal symposia on the most recent developments. Among the lecturers who came to Ann Arbor were H. A. Kramers, Enrico Fermi, Arnold Sommerfeld, Wolfgang Pauli, Werner Heisenberg, Niels Bohr, P. P. Ewald, H. A. Bethe, J. R. Oppenheimer, and E. 0. Lawrence, and the Department's own George E. Uhlenbeck, S. A. Goudsmit, Otto Laporte, D. M. Dennison, and Kasimir Fajans also participated. Presently, research is being conducted in high-energy, atomic, molecular, and low-temperature physics, cosmic rays, spectroscopy, shock waves, radiocarbon dating and low-background counting, and other areas. Spark-chamber and scintillation-counter techniques are being used to study the properties and interactions of elementary particles. Michigan physicists working in this area pioneered in the development of spark chambers for use in high-energy experiments. In bubblechamber research (the bubble chamber was invented at the University in 1955 by Donald Glaser), construction and testing of a unique heavyliquid bubble chamber were recently completed; the chamber is being -79

used at Argonne National Laboratory. Presently, new particles are being sought in antiproton-proton annihilations, using bubblechamber film from a liquid hydrogen chamber at Argonne. Other experiments involve studying the decay properties of already discovered particles and testing the validity of what are known as asymmetry principles" which are supposed to be obeyed by all elementary particles. Michigan physicists are studying cosmic-ray air showers at the Chacaltaya laboratory (17,500 ft.) of the Bolivian University near La Paz, observing large air showers and studying the detailed properties near the central cores. Ideas of the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, and the interactions of nuclear particles at energies beyond those obtainable from accelerators will be tested by the observations. An exciting new aspect of the research is the observation that radio pulses are generated by air cosmic ray showers. These pulses are currently being studied. A program of experimental investigations in nuclear physics is being carried on in the Department's Cyclotron Laboratory on the North Campus. In addition to nuclear structure studies, many other investigations are being conducted, as, for instance, detailed studies of the mechanism of a nuclear reaction. Investigations in nuclear spectroscopy are concerned with the precise measurement of the energy levels of nuclei and the evaluation of the properties of these levels and of the radiation following a nuclear transition between levels. Among the different techniques used to measure the many and varied nuclear properties are measurement -80

of beta spectral shapes, angular correlation, conversion, electron and gamma ray intensity, gamma ray spectroscopy, precision timing, etc. The present program in molecular spectroscopy consists of experimental research in both the far and the near infrared, using high-resolution spectrometers, and in theoretical caluclations. The area of interest includes both the simpler poly-atomic molecules and the larger molecules of biological importance. Work in shock-tube research has two basic aspects, the fluiddynamic study of shock waves and the spectroscopic study of shockgenerated, high-temperature plasmas. Presently, spectral line broadening and ionization processes in optically thick plasmas of mercury gas are being studied for the first time. Shocks in water vapor are also being investigated. In cooperation with the Museum of Anthropology, the Department operates a radiocarbon dating and counting laboratory as a service for investigators from outside as well as from within the University. Two C 02-CS2 Geiger counters are operated continuously, dating about 5 specimens per week. An apparatus which produces beams of H+, He+, and He is in operation. These beams are being used to study charge transfer processes. An understanding of the interactions involved has important implications for plasma and upper-atmosphere physics. -81

Nonlinear interactions between matter and intense laser-produced radiation are being studied. Interest is presently centered on optical fluid harmonic generation in atomic gases and vapors, particularly cesium where a resonant effect is predicted. In low-temperature research, experiments are in progress to study quantized vortex rings and lines in liquid helium and to use charged particles as probes to study the nature of the superfluid state. Four members of the Department have varied and active interest in biophysics. Areas of research include the supra molecular and molecular structure of biological systems, problems of vision, and theoretical biophysics. The group has been successful in studying the physical nature of photopigment molecules (rhodopsin) in retinal photoreceptors. Research is also being conducted on newly discovered early electrical signals which are thought to be generated as the result of the first interaction between visible light and rhodopsin. In theoretical physics, work is proceeding on general mathematical properties of theories and on weak interactions of "'elementary" particles. A second important area of research is in strong and electromagnetic interactions. Models of the particles, i.e., of their composite structure either in terms of particles like themselves in a self-consistent manner (so-called bootstrap) or in terms of more fundamental particles (e.g., quarks), are proposed and tested. Almost all the investigations mentioned here, as well as others being carried on in the Department, involve the participation of doctoral students. -82

Department of PoZiticalZ Science —The Department evolved from courses taught in the Department of History and in the Law School. In 1860, when the country was passing through a constitutional crisis, Thomas M. Cooley was appointed to teach constitutional law. A School of Political Science, with a curriculum of undergraduate and graduate work leading to the doctorate, was established in 1881. Under the leadership of Cooley and Charles Kendall Adams, this School attracted considerable attention both in the United States and in Europe. Twenty years later, courses in political science were again offered by the Department of History. John A. Fairlie, who taught courses in administrative law and municipal administration, rendered important service to the State as a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1907. In 1910 the Department of Political Science was officially established, and Jesse S. Reeves became the first chairman. Interest in municipal administration increased under R. T. Crane, who came to the University in 1913. After World War I an increasing interest in government resulted in expansion of the Department. Joseph R. Hayden was especially concerned with the administration of the Philippine Islands, and served for several years as Vice-Governor. As departmental chairman he was succeeded by Everett S. Brown and the late James K. Pollock, Jr. After World War II, there was a further expansion of activities, with specialists in regional areas, international relations, and public administration. -83

The past five years have again seen great expansion of the department. The change has been not only in the number of faculty members but even more dramatically in general orientation because of retirements and resignation. The present department is young (thirty members are under the age of thirty-five); twenty-nine of its members have joined it in the last five years. Most of the new members possess the research tools and interests that encourage and facilitate the use of complex data-processing facilities, that is, they are associated with the academic movement in political science often referred to as "behavioral." This is also true of our graduate training program: all our students are exposed to the new technology, and an increasing proportion now make extensive use of it in their graduate program. This is a tendency that we encourage and expect to expand. Translated into specific research projects, this means an everincreasing involvement in comparative studies of electoral behavior that involve, at present, national plus elite surveys in ten countries; an expanding project concerning the inner city of Detroit; research on Congress that involves interviews and roll-call analysis; a crosscultural study of bureaucratic elites; simulation of budgetary processes in urban areas (to be expanded into a project of simulation of an urban environment); several large studies of political socialization involving large samples; and many other projects of which these are represe Ltative. Increasingly, graduate students are involved in the studies and, especially, make use of the data archives that these -84

studies make possible. The computer is used for data analysis in graduate courses in the areas of statistics, electoral behavior, legislative behavior, political socialization, and comparative politics. A special course is taught in computer simulation, and computer simulation is included in a special summer seminar on mathematical analysis in political science. 8.2 PROGRAMS OF PRINCIPAL PERSONNEL Percentage of Time Devoted to Teaching and Research Unit Teaching Research School of Business Administration 76 24 Department of Civil Engineering 80 20 Department of Computer & Communication Sciences 70 30 Department of Electrical Engineering 65 35 Department of Industrial Engineering 68 32 Department of Mechanical Engineering 80 20 Department of Physics 65 35 Department of Political Science 65 35 8.3 RESEARCH AND TEACHING TO BE IMPROVED BY THE PROPOSED FACILITY The proposed facility will enable the School of Business Administration to (1) increase the number of graduate students at both the Ph.D. and the M.B.A. level who can be given the opportunity to participate in -85

active research projects, thereby expanding the ability of the School to give practical research training to interested students; (2) increase the general scope of the School's research activities through greater sophistication in developing methodologies for testing new concepts in business and economics; (3) provide greater opportunity for faculty participation in research; (4) shorten the time lag between the development of concepts and their use in the curriculum of the School; and (5) provide, in the case of computer use, the means for a greatly expanded interaction between the students of the School and the computer. The Department of Civil Engineering anticipates that research in computer control of engineering processes and automatic real time control of mechanical and fluid operations will be initiated in the near future. The location of the proposed facility, near the engineering laboratories, will be a definite advantage during the development phase of this work. The improvement of the efficienty of the services to be provided by the new building, thus increasing the Computing Center's dependability, will of course be a permanent advantage. The Department of Computer and Communication Sciences trains many of its graduate students as consultants and researchers in the Computing Center and expects this activity, as well as those of the faculty, to be significantly enhanced by the availability of more space, appropriately designed. The Department of Electrical Engineering needs additional space for all its graduate research activities, including the computer area. The proposed facility will help to alleviate some of the current pressures. -86

The Department of Mechanical Engineering uses the present computer facilities as an integral part of both its teaching and research. Essentially all the Department's professional engineering courses use the computer in one way or another. Frequently, the entire class is assigned a computer code word; the student works out the solution or evaluation of a problem by the use of the computer. Five remote consoles are available to the students in the College of Engineering, two of them in this department. All the Department's research programs use the computer extensively. In the area of the thermal sciences the computer is the only way' many problems can be solved; classical mathematics simply is inadequate for this task. Furthermore, for those problems in which classical mathematics is suitable, the computer is required to reduce the results to numeric form. The Department of physics looks forward to well-organized work areas, storage areas, service windows, and direct observation of the equipment in a building specifically designed as a computing center. The user-oriented facility proposed here, offering vastly improved access, will relieve the Department of many of the difficulties experienced presently. The Department of Political Science expects significant improvements resulting from the availability of additional space; the over-burdening of the present facility by far more persons than can be accommodated has forced the Department to send auxiliary equipment elsewhere, not so much to lessen the attendant inconveniences as simply to get its work done.

8.4 BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION Biographical data on the Computing Center's Executive Committee and key personnel are presented in the following pages. -88

BARTELS, ROBERT C. F. Director and Chairman, Executive Committee, Computing Center; Professor of Mathematics Education: Univ. of Wisconsin: Ph.B., 1933, Ph.M., 1934, Ph.D., 1938. Positions Held: Academic Univ. of Wisconsin: Grad. Asst., Dept. of Math., 1934-38; Univ. of Mich.: Dept. of Math.: Instr., 1938-45, Asst. Prof., 1945-50, Assoc. Prof., 1950-57, Prof., 1957 —; Director, Computing Center, 1959 —. Other: Bell Telephone Labs.: Tech. Asst., 1927-30; Consolidated Motion Pictures, Quality Control. 1933-34; Dept. of the Navy, Bureau of Aeronautics, Aero. Engineer, 1942-45; Oak Ridge Natl. Lab. Inst. of Nuclear Studies, Research Participant, 1954-55; NIH, Computer Research Study Section, Member, 1962-66; Argonne Natl. Lab., Review Corn. for Appl. Math. Div., Member, 1965-68. Selected Publications: "Resolution of Boundary Problems by the Use of a Generalized Convolution" (with R. V. Churchill), BuZZ. Am. Math. Soc., 48: 276-82 (1942). "Torsion of Hollow Cyliners," Trans. Am. Math. Soc., 53: 1-13 (1943). "On Surface Waves Generated by Traveling Disturbances with Circular Symmetry (with A. C. Downing), Univ. of Mich. Engineering Research Institute Report, ONR Contract NObsr-52379, 1953; pub. in Proc. 2nd U. S. NatZ. Cong. of AppZied Mech. "Topics on the Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations," Oak Ridge Natl. Lab., Contract No. W-7405-eng-26, 1-59 (1956). Discussion of V. Streeter and C. Lai, Water-Hammer AnaZysis InclZuding Fluid Friction, in: Proc. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., J. XydraulZ. Div., 89: No. HY1, 208-210 (1963). -90

JACQUEZ, JOHN A. Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center; Associate Professor of Biostatistics and of Physiology Education: Cornell Univ.: 1940-43; Cornell Med. Coll.: M.D., 1947. Positions Held: Academic S-K Div. of Cornell Univ. Med. Coll.: Instr. (Biol.), 1952-53; S-K Div. of Cornell Grad. School of Med. Scie.: Asst. Prof., 1956-58, Assoc. Prof., 1958-63; Univ. of Mich. Med. School, Assoc. Prof. (Physiol.), 1962 —; Univ. of Mich. School of Public Health: Assoc. Prof. (Biostat.), 1962 —. Other: Sloan-Kettering Inst.: Res. Fellow, 1947-50, Asst., 195053, Assoc., Div. Exper. Chemo., 1956-60, Assoc. Member, 1960-62; Rockefeller Inst. for Med. Res.: Vis. Investigator in Path. & Bact., 1947-48. Scholarships, Fellowships, Hon. Soc.: State scholarship to Cornell Univ., 1940; Cornell Univ. Scholarship, 1940-43; Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Kappa Phi, Cornell Univ.; Nat. Cancer Inst. Postgrad. Res. Fellow, 194850; Sigma Xi. Professional Memberships: Am. Assoc. for Cancer Res., AAAS, The Harvey Soc., Am Physiol. Soc., Biophys. Soc., ACM, Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. Selected Publications: "Relationship of Iodine Ingestion to Iodine Excretion in Pregnancy" (with H. J. Dworkin and W. H. Beierwaltes), J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab., 26: 1329-42 (1966). "Quasilinerazation and the Estimation of Chemical Rate Constants from Raw Kinetic Data" (with R. Bellman, R. Kalaba, and S. Schwimmer), MathematicaZ Biosci., Z: 71-76 (1967). "A Model of the Renal Cortex and Medulla"' (with B. Carnahan and P. Abbrecht), MathematicaZ Biosci., Z: 227-61 (1967). "Transport of Amino Acids in Ehrlich Ascites Cells: Competitive Stimulation: (with J. A. Schafer), Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 135: 751-60 (1967). -92

JACQUEZ, JOHN A. Selected Publications: (continued) "Competitive Stimulation: Further Evidence for Two Carriers in the Transport of Neutral Amino Acids," Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, Z35: 751-55 (1967). "Change in Na+ Uptake during Amino Acid Transport" (with J. A. Schafer), Biochim. et Biophys. Acta, 135: 1081-83 (1967). -93

LESCH, JAMES E. Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center; Assistant to the Vice-President for Academic Affairs Education: DePauw Univ.: A.B., 1943; Purdue Univ.: grad. studies, 194650; Univ. of Mich.: grad. studies, 1956-57. Positions Held: Academic DePauw Univ.: Teaching Lab. Asst. (chem.), 1942-43; Purdue Univ.: Teaching Asst. (physics), 1946-50; Cornell College: Instr. (physics), 1950-51; Univ. of Mich.: Res. Asst., 1954-55; Res. Assoc., 1955-58; Project Rep., 1958-59; Asst. to Director of Univ. of Mich. Res. Inst., 1959-61; Asst. Dir. of Res. Admin., 1961-62; Asst. to Vice-President for Academic Affairs, 1962 —. Other: Department of the Navy: ONR, Anti-Submarine Warfare Branch, Scientific Officer, 1951-54. Professional Memberships: Sigma Pi Sigma. -94

SMITH, J. E. KEITH Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center; Professor of Psychology and Research Psychologist Education: Iowa State Coll.: B.S., 1949; Univ. of Mich.: A.M., 1952, Ph.D., 1954. Positions Held: Academic Iowa State Coll.: Teaching Asst. (math.), 1948-49; Res. Asst. (Stat. Lab.), 1949-50; Univ. of Mich.: Survey Res. Center: Asst. Study Dir., 1950-51; Res. Asst. (Psych.), 1951-52; Teaching Fellow, 1952; Res. Asst., 1952-53; Res. Train. Fellow, Social Science Res. Council, 1953-54; M.I.T.: Lincoln Lab.: Staff Psych., 1954-64; Univ. of Mich.: Professor of Psych. and Res. Psych. (Mental Health Res. Inst.), 1964 —. Other: Consulting ed. for Psych. BuZZll., Consultant for Child Health and Human Dev. Comm. (NIH), Behav. Sci. Train. Comm. (NIGMS). Professional Memberships: Am. Psych. Assoc. (Fellow), Am. Stat. Assoc., Biometric Soc., Inst. Math. Stat., Psychomet. Soc., Psychonomic Soc., Phi Kappa Phi, Pi Mu Epsilon, Psi Chi, Sigma Xi. Selected Publications: "Vowel Recognition Using a Multiple Discriminant Function"' (with L. Klem), J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 33: 358 (1961). "Decision Theoretic Speaker Recognizer," J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 34: 1988(a) (1962). "Some On-Line Uses of Computers in the Behavioral Sciences," presented at Am. Assoc. for Public Opinion Res. conf., Groton, Conn., May 14, 1965; Univ. of Mich. MHRI Preprint 161. "Multivariate Analyses of Variance and Discriminant Functions," presented at Am. Psych. Assoc., Sept. 7, 1965; Univ. of Mich. MHRI Preprint 177. "The Organizing Efficiency of Theories: the N/V Ratio as a Crude Rank Order Measure" (with J. D. Singer and K. Deutsch), Am. Behav. Scientist, 9: 30-33 (1965). -95

STREETER, VICTOR L. Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center Professor of Civil Engineering Education: Univ. of Mich.: B.S.E., 1931, M.S.E., 1932, Sc.D., 1934. Positions Held: Academic Ill. Inst. Tech.: Assoc. Prof., 1941-45, Prof., 1945-54; Univ. of New Zealand; Vis. Fulbright Lec., 1952; Univ. of Mich.: Prof., 1954 —; Univ. of Colo.: Vis. Prof., 1963. Other: U. S. Bur. of Reclamation: Hydraulic Lab. (Denver, Colo.): Junior Eng., 1934-35,Asst. Eng., 1936-38, Assoc. Eng., 1938-39; U. S. Section of Internatl. Boundary Comm.: Assoc. Hydraulic Eng., 1939-41; David Taylor Model Basin, Assoc. Eng., 1942; Armour Res. Found.: Supervisor of Fluid Mech., 1945, Chairman, Fluid Mech. and Thermodyn. Div., 1945-47; Res. Prof. and Dir., Fundamental Fluids Res., 1947-54. Professional memberships: F. ASCE, M. ASEE, M. ASME (Fluid Transients Comm.), M. IAHR. Honors and Awards: Sigma Xi, Iota Alpha, Phi Kappa Phi, Chi Epsilon; Freeman Travel Scholarship, ASME, 1935-36; Collingswood Award for Juniors, ASCE, 1938; Citation, Univ. of Mich., 1953; James Clayton Fund Award, Inst. Mech. Eng., 1967. Selected Publications: "Computer Solution of Surge Problems," Inst. Mech. Eng., London, Symposium on Surges in Pipelines, Nov., 1965, Proc. 1965-66, 180: 3E, 1-21. FZuid Mechanics (4th ed.), McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1966. Hydraulic Transients (with E. B. Wylie), McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1967. "Valve Stroking for Complex Piping Systems," J. Hydr., 93: HY3, ASCE, 81-98 (May, 1967).'Waterhammer Analysis of Distribution Systems," J. Hydr., 93: HY5, ASCE, 185-201, Proc. Paper 5443 (Sept., 1967). -96

TAYLOR, ROBERT C. Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center Professor of Chemistry Education: Kalamazoo Coil.: A.B., 1941; Brown Univ.: Ph.D., 1947. Positions Held: Academic Brown Univ.: Instr., 1947-49; Univ. of Mich.: Instr., 1949-53, Asst. Prof., 1953-58, Assoc. Prof., 1958-62, Prof., 1962 —. Other: Brown Univ.: Manhattan Project Res. Chemist, 1942-46. Professional Memberships: Am. Chem. Soc., Am. Phys. Soc., AAAS, Alpha Chi Sigma, Sigma Xi. Selected Publications: "tRaman Spectra and Vibrational Assignments of Aluminum Borohydride and Some Isotopic Derivatives" (with A. R. Emery), Spectrochimica Acta, Z6: 1455-63 (1960). "Vibrational Frequencies, Assignments, and Force Constants for Some Compounds Containing Boron-Nitrogen Dative Bonds," Advances in Chemistry, Series No. 42, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, D. C., 1964. "Spectroscopic Studies of Lewis Acid-base Complexes. I. Vibrational Spectra and Assignments for Trimethylamine Complexes of Boron Halides"t (with R. L. Amster), Spectrochimica Acta, 20: 1487-1502 (1964). 1Vibrational Spectra and Assignments for (CH33 NPF2" (with M. A. Fleming and R. J. Wyma), Spectrochimica Acta, 2o: 1189-94 (1965). "Fluorophosphine Ligands. III. Syntheses Involving PF I. The Preparation and Characterization of p -Oxobisdifluorophosphlne, Cyanodifluorophosphine and Tetrafluorodiphosphine" (with R. W. Rudolph and R. W. Parry), J. Am. Chem. Soc., 88: 3729 (1966). -97

WROBLESKI, WILLIAM J. Member, Executive Committee, Computing Center; Associate Professor of Statistics, School of Business Administration Education: Univ. of Mich.: B.S., 1953, M.S., 1954, Ph.D., 1963. Positions Held: Academic Univ. of Mich.: Institute for Social Research: Res. Asst., Statistics, 1954 —55; Dept. of Mathematics: Res. Asst., Res. Assoc., 195561; Institute of Science and Tech.: Res. Assoc., 1962-64; School of Bus. Ad.: Asst. Prof., Statistics, 1963-66; Assoc. Prof., 1966 —. Professional Memberships: Member, Exec. Comm., Detroit Chapter, Institute of Management Sciences; Sigma Xi, Delta Sigma Pi. Selected Publications: "Applications of the Scientific Method and Statistical Methodology to Large Scale System Evaluation," Proc. Symposium on Prediction of Performance of Large-ScaZe Systems, Vol. I, 1959. "A Large Scale Sequential Field Observational Program Used in Response Surface Estimation for a Complex Stochastic Structure," Proc. 4th Conf. on the Design of Experiments in Army Research, Development, and Testing, Office of Ordinance Research, Report No. 59-2, 1959. "Theoretical and/or Experimental Phenomenological Laws of Ballistic Missile Electromagnetic Radiation Examined from the Point of View of the Theory of Stochastic Processes,"' Trans. BAMIRAC 1960 Summer Study of the State of KnowlZedge of Missile Phenomenology for BaZZlistic Missile Defense, October, 1960. Extensions of the Dwyer-MacPhaiZ Matrix Derivative Calculus with Applications to Estimation Problems Involving Errors in Equations, Univ. of Mich. ORA Report 05266-1-77, 1963. "Forecasting," Foundations and Tools in Operations Research and the Management Sciences, 1965. -99

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APPENDIX I

ThUi N N o M B a K.A NN -A'R B O E. A. CUMMISKEY WILLIAM P. LEMMER University Attorney! January 15, 1969 3040 Administration Building Department of Health, Education & Welfare Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: Re: Title to Proposed Computing Center Site I have examined abstract of title covering the site of the proposed Computing Center, which is to be located in the Southwest Quarter of Section 22, Ann Arbor Township (now annexed to the City of Ann Arbor), Washtenaw County, Michigan. The Regents of the University of Michigan has good and marketable title to the entire quarter section free and clear of all encumbrances. Title in fee simple was acquired by The Regents of the University of Michigan in 1950, and the property has been tax exempt since that date, it being a part of the North Campus of the Uhiversity of Michigan. The University has access to the proposed Computing Center site from all directions. Very truly yours, E' A. Cuimiskey EAC/es -113

'Th Uuivtritg of Md a.A N N RA B O R E. A. CUMMISKEY WILLIAM P. LEMMER University Attorneys January 15, 1969 3040 Administration Building Department of Health, Education & Welfare Office of Education Washington, D. C. Gentlemen: Re: Application for Grant to Cover Costs of Computing Center The Regents of the University of Michigan is a public educational corporation created by the Michigan State Constitution to operate the University of Michigan. It has been held by the Supreme Court of the State of Michigan to be a constitutional corporation of independent authority, and it has legal authority to apply for the grant and to finance and construct the proposed facilities. At its June 21, 1968 meeting, the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan by official action designated a site for the proposed Computing Center on the North Campus of the University of Michigan, selected an architectural firm to perform the architectural work for the project, and authorized the submission of a request for a federal grant for a part of the cost of the project, as will appear from a certified copy of a portion of the minutes of the June, 1968 meeting attached hereto and made a part of this opinion. By virtue of Section 3.07 of the Bylaws of The Regents of the University of Michigan currently in effect, W. K. Pierpont, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, has authority to execute the application approved by the Board of Regents, including all understandings and assurances contained therein, and to provide such additional information as may be required. In the absence or inability of Mr. Pierpont to act, then in his absence the documents may be signed by Howard R. Cottrell, Controller, or H. W. Hildebrandt, Secretary. The pertinent portions of

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare -2- January 15, 1969 Bylaw Section 3.07 are as follows:'"2 (b) All contracts for sponsored research and supplements thereto, including agreements for fellowships, scholarships, and grants-in-aid and all contracts covering payment for tuition and supplies may be executed by the Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer, and his signature shall be certified by the Secretary where such certification is requested; provided, however, the Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer is authorized to delegate to designated representatives authority to execute contracts and/or applications for grants or contracts where the amount involved is less than $250,000 and where the commitments anticipated fall within the normal activities of the University. "2 (c) All discharges of mortgages and cancellations of land contracts may be executed by any two of the following officers; the President, the VicePresident and Chief Financial Officer, the Secretary, and the Investment Officer." Very truly yours,> EAC/es - 115 -

"Approval was given to the site assignment for a computer center on the North Campus, the selection of the architectural firm of Tarapata and MacMahon for the architectural work for the project, and the submission of a request for a federal grant for a part of the cost of the project." I, H. W. Hildebrandt, Secretary of The Regents of the University of Michigan and official custodian of the minutes, hereby certify that the foregoing is a true extract from the minutes of the meeting of the Regents of the University of Michigan on June 21, 1968, and that the foregoing approval was unanimously adopted at a meeting in which a quorum of the Board of Regents was present and voting. ItW. idebran Secretary Dated: January 15, 1969. - 116 -

ASSURANCES The applicant agrees to incorporate into any contract for construction work related to this proposed grant project or modification thereof, all applicable provisions for equal opportunity in employment, pursuant to Executive Order 10925, as amended by Executive Order 11246, and further assures compliance with all provisions of Section 170.2 of the Regulations governing administration of the Graduate Academic Facilities Program. January 27, 1969 - 117 -

APPENDIX II'ROOM TABULATION OF NET OR ASSIGNABLE SPACE Net Area. Work Stations ADMINISTRATION Director. 216 1 Conference 264 10 A~di-istrative Assistant 140 1 Records & Business Manager 120 1 Secretarial 640 8 Receptionist 192 1 Subtotal 1,562 22 RESEARCH & INSTRUCTION Associate Director. 504 3 Research Associate 480 5 Systems Analyst 384 4 Programmers 1,040 10 Briefing - Seminar 560 42 Counselors 640 12 Technicians 304 3 Subtotal 3,912 79 LIBRARY Reading Room 264 8 OPERATIONS & COUNSELING Assistant'Director 140 1 System Programmer 448 4 Subroutine Files 144 Counsel - Terminal 160 2 Counsel.- Person 320 4 Maintenance - Customer Engineer 360 6 Electrical Shop 360 6 Users Area 560 30 I/O Dispatchers 784 5 Information & Waiting 20 Subtotal 3,996 58 -118

Net Area Work Stations EQUIPMENT' Computer Room 6,720 Keypunch Room 720 18 (includes tabulation and sorting) Terminal Cubicles 560 10 Staff - Terminal 240 6 Demonstration 384 50 Subtotal 8,624 84 SERVICE & STORAGE Storage 896 Duplicating & Reproducing 120 2 Records & Files 120 Commons Room 144 Subtotal 1,280 2 NET AREA 19,648 253 GROSS AREA 29,720 NET/GROSS.662 -119

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