Report to The New York State Electric and Gas Corporation on EXAMINATION FOR GRAPHITIZATION OF WELD-PROBER SAMPLES FROM FOUR WELDS BETWEEN PIPE AND VALVES IN THE I2-INCH MAIN STEAM LINES OF THE GOUDEY STATION Written by: A, G. Dano J. W. Reeman Approved by; A. E. White Project Number M771-3 Report Number 1 August 17, 1953

(AAMA t-l96

EXAMINATION FOR GRAPHITIZATION OF WELD-PROBER SAMPLES FROM FOUR WELDS BETWEEN PIPE AND VALVES IN THE 12-INCH MAIN STEAM LINES OF THE GOUDEY STATION Eight weld-prober samples from four welds connecting pipe to valves in the 12-inch main steam line connecting Boilers 11 and 12 to the turbine in the Goudey Station of The New York State Electric and Gas Corporation were examined for graphitization. The welds were reported to have been in service for 82,48L hours at an average temperature of 856 5~F. The pipe was 0, 5 Mo steel (ASTM A-206-40 Grade P-l) and the valves were cast 0. 5 Mo steel (ASTM A-217 Grade WC-1). The welds from which the samples were taken had not previously been examined. Three previous examinations (References 1, 2 and 3) had been carried out on samples from the eight —inch lines con, necting Boilers 11 and 12 to the 12-inch line sampled for this report. The last examination of the eight-inch lines (Reference 3) had shown considerable graphite in the valve side heat-affected zones of the eightdinch boiler stop valves (welds W711B and W7-12B) after 72,800 hours of service, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS No serious graphitization was found in any of the samples submitted. Slight nodular graphitization was found on the valve sides of the welds for the pipe to 12-inch turbine stop valve (weld W1-7T) and the pipe to the 6-inch x 10-inch pressure reducing valve (weld WZ-PRV).

2 Any graphitization in the other samples or in the pipe sides of the welds was at most so slight that graphite could not be positively identified. It appears that only the eight-inch boiler stop valves have shown considerable graphitization to date in the main steam piping of this system. The reasons for this are not apparent from available information, HISTORY OF SPECIMENS Eight weld-prober samples from four pipe to valve welds submitted under date of July 28, 1953 were described as follows: Sample Number Sample Code Pipe Valve 1 WI-7T-1800 12 3/4-inch O.D. x 12-inch turbine stop valv 0. 850-inch wall ASTM A-217-40 Grade 2 W1-7T-2700 ASTM A-206-40 Grade WC-1. R.P. and C. 900 P-I 1 psi gate valve i W2-7T-90 12 3/4-inch O.D, x 12-inch turbine throttle 0. 850-inch wall valve 4 W2-7T-2700 ASTM A-206-40 Grade ASTM A-217 Grade WC-1 __ i. - 'ii1 P-1 Westinghouse Special 5 W5-H-0 12-inch schedule 100 6-inch pressure reducing ASTM A-206-40 Grade station stop valve 6 W5-H-270* P-I ASTM A-217-49T Grade WC-1. R.P. and C. Fig, _______ ____ ____________No. 9004 7 W2-PRV.-0 6-inch schedule 120 6-inch x 10-inch 900 psi/ ASTM A-206-40 Grade 400 psi pressure reduc8 W2-PRV-2700 P-1 ing valve Not specified but similar to ASTM A-217 Grade WC-1. Republic Flow l__M________________ ______ Meters Spec, The samples were removed during the week ending July 25, 1953 when the total service hours were 82,481, and the average service tempera

3 ture was 856. 5F. The samples were taken from the 12-inch main steam line from Number 11 and 12 boilers to the turbine. The details of the materials and location of the welds examined were extracted from New York State Electric and Gas Corporation Drawing Number B-133-2 included with the July 28, 1953 letter of transmittal for the samples. The degree designation included in the sample Code was established by: "With the observor looking downstream along the axial center line of the pipe, read clockwise with the top of the pipe specified as zero degress." Two samples, identified by the degree marking, were taken from each of the four welds sampled. Both the pipe and castings were 0. 5-per cent molybdenum steel. PROCEDURE Each weld-prober sample was cut lengthwise into two halves. One half was ground, macroetched and photographed. The other half was cut into metallographic samples permitting examination of the two base metals, both the upstream and downstream heat-affected zones of the weld and the weld deposited metal, A very thorough examination was carried out for graphite under the microscope. Typical photomicrographs were taken and included in the report for each heat-affected zone at the location where concentrated graphite tends to form in such welds. RESULTS The results of the careful microscopic examinations for graphite are given in Table I. Plate 1 shows the macrostructures of the samples,

4 and Plates 2 through 17 show the typical microstructures for the heataffected zones for all samples. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The graphitization was very slight. Definitely identifiable nodules of graphite were found only in the heat-affected zone of the weld on the valve side of samples from the W17T and W2.PRV welds. These were very minor in extent. In neither case had graphitization developed far enough to even begin to outline the heat-affected zones. 2. Definitely identifiable graphite was not observed in the heataffected zone of other samples, although there were extremely small nodules present which may be the beginning of graphitization. 3. No indication of graphite was observed in base materials or weld deposited metals. 4. The macroexamination showed usual structures for pipe and valves and welds joining the two. Specimen Number 4 macroetched in a somewhat different pattern on the valve side than the other samples, This, however, was not due to graphite, but mainly to the distribution of inclusions in the casting. 5. No particular difference between the two samples from the same weld was observed in any case. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS The degree of graphitization in the samples examined was very slight. Apparently graphitization is progressing very slowly and as yet is confined to the turbine stop valve and the 900 psi/400 psi pressure reducing valve.

5 The samples from the 12-inch line examined for this report had not previously been examined. The eight-inch lines from Boilers 11 and 12 to the 2l-inch lines had previously been examined (References 1, 2 and 3). The last previous examination of samples from the eight-inch line had shown considerable graphite on the valve side of W7-12B and W7-1IB welds. (See Reference 3.) These welds were between pipe and the eight-inch boiler stop valves and had been in service for 72, 850 hours. The non-return valves in the same lines showed only slight amounts of nodular graphite. A very small amount of graphite was found in some of the pipe side heat-affected zones, From these examinations, it would appear that for reasons not readily apparent graphitization has been very minor in all welds except those connecting the eight-inch lines from the boilers to the eight*inch boiler stop valves, Presumably the cause could be chemical composition, deoxidization practice, or service condition differences not shown by the information supplied. REFERENCES (1) Eramninatin for Graphitization of Five Weld.Prober Sampled from the Carbon"Malybdenum Steel Steam Piping in the Westover Station of the New York State Electric and Gas Corporation. Project Numb. er M771, Report Number 1, July 13, 1948. (2) Examination for Graphitization of Six Weld-Prober Samples from the Carbeo-Molybdenum Steam Piping in the Goudey Station. Project Number M771-A, Report Number 1,. April 6, 1951, (3) Examination for Graphitization of Eight Weld-Prober Samples from the Main Steam Lines of the Goudey Station, Project M771.2, Report Number 1, May 16, 1953,

TABLE I RESULTS OF MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF HEAT-AFFECTED ZONES OF WELD-PROBER SAMPLES FOR GRAPHITE Amount of Graphite Present in mple Sample Code Weld Location Heat-Affected Zones of W-ld Plates __________Valve Side Pipe Side_ 1 WL-7T-180l Pipe to 12-inch Very few No graphite 2, 3, 4 and 5 turbine stop small nod2 W1-7T-270~ valve ules of graphite 3 W2-7T-900 Pipe to 12-inch No graphite No graphite 6, 7, 8 and 9 turbine throttle 4.W2Z-7T-270~ valve 5 W5-H-00 Pipe to 6-inch No graphite No graphite 10, 11, 12 and pressure reduc- 13 6 W5-H-270~ ing station stop valve 7 W2-PRV-0' Pipe to 6-inch x Trace of No graphite 14, 15, 16 and lO-inch 900 psi/ graphite 17 8.W2-PRV-270~ 400 psi pressure,__ __:___________ reducing valve ____

^..;b-*'.;..; -;. E. -... -> W pipe side valve side (No. 1): Sample W1-7T-1800 12-inch turbine stop valve to pipe weld. ~........ pipe side valve side (No. 2): Sample W1-7T-270 -- 12-inch turbine stop valve to pipe weld Y~Cf' - I., valve side pipe side (Nc. 3): Sample W2-7T-900 - pipe to 12-inch turbine throttle valve weld. Plate 1. Macrostructure of Weld-Prober Samples - XPD,

:'t j ~L~iT~i`< Aj4 R-; r *c;-.-i~ ~~~~~~~I~A~~~~~s valve side pipe side (No. 4): Sample W2-7T-270 -- pipe to 1Z-inch turbine throttle valve weld. 'j r ~ '~;-,T' k.~~;-'~:-`I-~ ~. ~ i t i " -z r t 41 ' I ' -L~. I. ~ valve side pipe side (No. 5): Sample W5-H-0~ -- weld between pipe and 6-inch press:r-: tducing station stop valve...;.. '...,,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,.. * '' '~,L^e~.: ~: F'?C, i-2- *~ ~;~t,-; tA~~ ~ s. "*~ '.: ~i p pipe sidrte valve side (No. 6): Sample W5-H-2700 -- weld between pipe and 6-inch pressui:r:- rd.-.. c;:r, station stop valve. Plate 1 (Continued). Macrostructures of Weld-Prober Samples - X 1D

No. 7): Sample W2-PRV-00 -- weld between pipe and 6-inch x 10-inch pressure reducing valve valve side pipe side (No. 8): Sample W2-PRV-2700 -- weld between pipe and 6-inch x 10-irnh pressure reducing valve. Plate 1, Concluded. Macrostructures of Weld-Prober Samples - XIDo

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