THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Second Interim Summary Report SCREENING PROGRAM ON SUPERALLOYS FOR TRISONIC TRANSPORT John P. Rpwe James W. Freeman ORA Project 04368 prepared for: NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Grant NsG-124-61 Washington 25, D. C. administered through: OFFICE OF RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION ANN ARBOR March 15, 1962

SCREENING PROGRAM ON SUPERALLOYS FOR TRISONIC TRANSPORT INTRODUCTION This report is provided as an interim summary of the data obtained to date on the evaluation of superalloys in sheet form being conducted at the University of Michigan. The investigation is a part of the Screening Program for Materials for the Trisonic Transport being used cooperatively by several laboratories for preliminary survey of candidate materials. The present report is the second (ref. 1) of such summary reports. All experimental data to date are included with a minimum of specific comments. As the programs are completed on given materials, detailed reports will be issued. Two such reports have been made available to date (refs. 2 and 3). The basic screening program includes the following tests for all materials, using samples from both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the sheet: 1) Tensile tests using both unnotched samples and samples with sharp-edge notches at each of the following temperatures: a) -110~F b) 75~F c) 350~F (this temperature has been omitted for some materials) d) 650~F e) 800~F 2) Tensile tests at 75~ and 650~F after exposure in air for 1000 hours at 650~F under 40, 000 psi. Exposure is made using unnotched and notched samples from both the longitudinal and transverse directions

2 of the sheet. For Rene' 41 alloy, tensile tests were also conducted at -110~F on samples which had been exposed at 650~F. The unnotched samples in most cases had a reduced section 0. 5inch wide by 2. 0-inches long. The only exception to this was required by the narrow strip obtained for AM-350 alloy. This material required that the transverse unnotched samples be made with a reduced section 0. 375-inch wide by 1.75-inches long. The ASTM sharp-edge notch sample was used for all notch testing. The basic screening program given above has been expanded for the study of superalloys. The intention of this study is to determine the upper temperature limit of usefulness for the most promising materials. Accordingly, some of the data included in the present summary are for tensile testing at higher temperatures and for the effects of increased exposure temperature, still using an exposure of 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi. The data obtained from the test program include the following: 1) Ultimate tensile strength, 0. 2-percent offset yield strength, and elongation from unnotched samples; 2) Net section tensile strength for samples with sharp-edge notches; 3) The ratio of the tensile strength with a notched sample to the tensile strength of an unnotched sample (hereafter referred to as "notched tensile strength ratio" or "N/S ratio").

3 EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS The experimental program to date has included work on the following materials in the form of 0. 025-inch sheet: 1) Rene' 41, annealed (Heat R217) 2) Rene' 41, cold worked 20 percent and 35 percent (Heat R-216) 3) N155, cold worked 40 percent and 65 percent (Heat M-5623) 4) A286, cold worked 30 percent and 80 percent (Heat 21467) 5) L605, cold worked 25 percent and 45 percent (Heat L1842) 6) D979, cold worked 30 percent and 50 percent (Heat W23211) 7) AM350 CRT air melted (Heat 89746) 8) Waspaloy, annealed, cold worked 20 and cold worked 40 percent (Heat B114). The reported chemical compositions of the materials are included in Table I. Items (1), (2) and (8) above were obtained from the General Electric Company Metallurgical Products Department. All were produced on a hand mill providing sheet 36-inches wide. Items (3) - (6) above were obtained through the NASA Lewis Research Center from the Wallingford Steel Company. These were produced on a strip mill as 12-inch wide strip. AM350 alloy was included in the program to serve as a base-line material for comparison of data among the cooperating laboratories. It was provided by the Allegheny Ludlum Research Laboratory as 6. 5-inch wide strip from a small hand mill. The N155 and L605 were tested in the as-rolled condition. Various aging treatments were studied for the cold worked Rene' 41, A286, and D979 alloys. These materials were then subjected to the screening program using the aging treatment deemed optimum on the basis of preliminary testing. The annealed Rene' 41 was given the standard age for the

4 alloy. The AM350 was tempered for 3 hours at 850~F. The heat treatments used are given in the respective tables for each alloy. Studies of the effect of heat treatment on the properties of Waspaloy are currently in progress. No data are yet available from the screening program on this material.

5 RESULTS The relative properties of the materials before exposure are presented, followed by a detailed presentation of the properties of each material as a function of test temperature. The effects of exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at 650~F are then discussed. Finally, the effects of exposure at 800~F and higher on several of the materials are given. Properties Before Exposure The notched tensile strength ratio as a function of the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength at 75~, 650~, and 800~F are given by figures 1 and 2 using the available data for all materials. Since there is some variation in density among the materials and because the ratio of tensile strength to density has general utility, the relation of the N/S ratio to this parameter is shown by figure 3. As will be discussed in detail later, exposure generally did not change the properties significantly. Therefore, the correlations of figures 1 through 3 provide an adequate presentation of the relative strengths of the several alloys. These figures indicate the following: 1) Marked increases in strength were obtained by cold working the alloys. This was true both for the alloys which were tested in the as-rolled condition, as well as for the Ti + Al bearing alloys which were aged to enhance the properties after cold working. 2) The increase in strength from cold working was generally accompanied by a reduced N/S ratio. An exception to this generality was present in the Rene' 41 data at all three testing temperatures, and in the N155 data from longitudinal samples tested at 650~F. 3) For a given strength level, there is a considerable spread among the N/S ratios for the various alloys; or, vice versa, a considerable variation exists among the strength values at a given value of N/S ratio.

6 4) The relation between N/S ratio and strength was generally the same for both the longitudinal and transverse directions in the sheets except for N155 alloy cold reduced 65 percent in which the transverse direction had a lower N/S ratio than the longitudinal direction at 75~ and 650~F. At 800~F, both of the conditions of N155 had transverse N/S ratios lower than the longitudinal ratios. The study of the general trends and relative properties of the various materials at a given temperature should be accompanied by a more detailed consideration of the properties of each individual alloy as a function of test temperature. The data for each alloy (tables II through VII) are presented graphically in figures 4 through 15. The data presently available indicate the following: ) Both the strength and N/S ratio of the superalloys decreased with increasing test temperature. In all cases where tests were conducted, both values were either higher in tests at -1100F or nearly the same as tests at 75~F. For AM350 alloy, the N/S ratio at -110~F was lower than at 75~F. For all materials, the values at room temperature were higher than those at 650~ or 800~F. 2) Except when large cold reductions were introduced, there was relatively little difference between longitudinal and transverse specimens. 3) Elongations generally decreased with increasing test temperature if there was any appreciable change. 4) Cold reductions increased strength and reduced ductility. This was true for the as-cold rolled materials and for the nickel-base Ti + Al bearing alloys which were aged after cold work. The increase in strength was generally accompanied by a decrease in N/S ratio, as previously discussed. Properties After Exposure at 650~F The exposure testing is nearly complete for all materials. The available data (tables II - VI and figs. 4 through 15) indicate the

7 following: 1) Exposure for 1000 hours at 650~F under 40, 000 psi did not significantly decrease strength at room temperature or at 650~F in any case. The data for Rene' 41 alloy at -110~F after exposure indicated no changes in strength. 2) Two of the alloys, N155 and L605, showed fairly large increases in strength (figs. 7 through 10) as a result of exposure at 650~F. Both ultimate and yield strengths were increased with the extent of the increase being much greater in tests at room temperature than at 650~F. Also, the increases were greater for the heavier cold worked material (figs. 8 and 10) than for the material with the lower amount of cold work (figs. 7 and 9). 3) The N/S ratio generally remained unaffected by exposure at 650~F. Most cases in which changes occurred indicated an increase in N/S ratio. D979 alloy with 50-percent cold work showed some decrease in N/S ratio in room temperature tests. N155 and L605 alloys, for which the strength increased with exposure, showed some decrease in N/S ratio. Comparison of these data with the trends given in figures 1 and 2, however, shows that the decrease in N/S ratio was actually less for the strength change involved than would be indicated by the curves. 4) Exposure at 650~F had little effect on elongation except for Rene' 41 alloy which showed some decrease in elongation from the exposure. Properties After Exposure at Temperatures Above 650~F At the time of the last summary report (ref. 1), plans were stated for extending the screening program to higher exposure temperatures for four of the materials. Exposure conditions were to remain 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi with subsequent tensile tests conducted at room temperature and the exposure temperature. On the basis of the data available at that times the following was anticipated:

8 1) Rene' 41 annealed and aged - screen at 1200~F (screening at 800~ and 1000~F already complete) 2) L605 cold reduced 25 percent - screen at 1000~F 3) A286 cold reduced 30 percent and aged - screen at 1000~F 4) Either Rene' 41 cold reduced 35 percent and aged, or D979 cold reduced 50 percent and aged - screen at 1000~F. As shown by the previously reported data, exposure of Rene' 41 at 800~ or 1000~F had little effect on strength or N/S ratio (table II and fig. 4). Exposure at 1000~F may have slightly reduced the N/S ratio at 1000~F. Exposure at 800~ and 1000~F did not reduce ductility as much as exposure at 650~F. Exposure at 1200~F did not affect strength or N/S ratio except for an indication that the N/S ratio at 75~F was decreased by the exposure. Elongation at 1200~F was decreased to the same level which resulted at 75~F from exposure at 650~F. L605 alloy with 25-percent cold work has been exposed at 1000~F. The ultimate strength at 10000F with unnotched specimens was unaffected by the exposure while the yield strength increased slightly (table IV and fig. 9). Ductility was very low. Four samples with sharp-edge notches (two longitudinal and two transverse) were exposed at 1000~F. All of them fractured during the exposure period. No other data are yet available for this alloy. Some exposures at 10000F have also been completed for A286 alloy cold reduced 30 percent and aged (table VI and fig. 13). The strength and ductility of unnotched samples was not changed at either 75~ or 1000~F by the exposure. The behavior of samples with sharp-edge notches, however, was similar to that shown by L605 alloy. Of the four samples placed in exposure (two longitudinal and two transverse), one of the transverse samples fractured during exposure (214 hours). The second transverse sample was then tested at 1000F at the completion of the 1000 hour exposure. The resultant N/S ratio was lower (0. 69) than was obtained at 1000~F without exposure. Both of the longitudinal samples sustained the

9 full 1000 hours of exposure at 1000~F. One of these was tested at 1000~F and showed no significant change from the unexposed sample. The other was tested at room temperature with a very low N/S ratio resulting. No other data are available at present.

10 DISCUSSION No attempt has been made to draw conclusions from the data. Much of the basic screening program at 650~F has been completed. Detailed reports dealing with each alloy on an individual basis are being prepared. Studies on Waspaloy have been initiated. These data will be reported as they become available. Other studies are being started with the most promising materials from the screening program to develop in greater depth the relevant properties and behavior for application to a supersonic aircraft. These studies will be directed toward a more complete evaluation of the effects of exposure and the upper temperatures at which the superalloys will be useful. REFERENCES 1. Rowe, John P., Freeman, James W.: "Screening Program on Superalloys for Trisonic Transport". Interim Summary Report to National Aeronautics and Space Administration, October 31, 1961, University of Michigan Report No. 04368-3-T. 2. Rowe, John P., Scoonover, Thomas M., Freeman, James W.: "Results of Screening Tests on Rene' 41 Alloy for Possible Use in the Airframe of a Trisonic Transport". Report No. 1 to National Aeronautics and Space Administration, June 30, 1961, University of Michigan Report No. 4368-1-T. 3. Rowe, John P., Freeman, James W.: "Screening Program on Superalloys for Trisonic Transport, Results of Cold-Worked N155 Alloy". Report No. 2 to National Aeronautics and Space Administration, November 15, 1961, University of Michigan Report No. 04368-4-T.

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12 TABLE II TENSILE TEST RESULTS RENE' 41 ALLOY (Density - 0. 298 lb/in3) Tensile Properties(c) (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in.) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 0 16hr-1400~F None -110 L 222 745 162 25 186 84 650 -110 L 217 729 166 17 183.84 None -110 T 219 735 159 27 179.82 650 -110 T 203 682 164 10 178.88 None 75 L 204 685 154 22 172.84 650 75 L 196 658 155 16 170.88 800 75 L 186 624 156 11 169.91 1000 75 L 203 682 157 24 166.82 None 75 T 204 685 154 23 171.83 650 75 T 195 655 152 13 162.83 800 75 T 201 675 154 25 169.84 1000 75 T 201 675 --- 19 159.79 1200 75 T 206 691 161 19 148.72 None 350 L 196 658 145 27 158.81 None 350 T 193 648 141 25 151.78 None 650 L 184 618 145 25 154.84 650 650 L 183 614 142 19 156.85 None 650 T 191 641 147 21 157.82 650 650 T 180 604 143 14 148.82 None 800 L 179 601 139 26 156.87 800 800 L 174 584 134 18 145.83 None 800 T 182 611 143 25 150.82 800 800 T 175 588 132 24 134.76 None 1000 L 175 588 133 24 148.85 1000 1000 L 179 601 145 16 121.68 None 1000 T 178 598 138 20 145.81 1000 1000 T 176 591 136 19 131.74 None 1200 L 183 614 131 20 136.74 1200 1200 L 183 614 138 12 137.75 None 1200 T 184 618 131 19 140.76 1200 1200 T 183 614 138 11 134.73 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40,000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0. 2-percent offset yield; "Elong. elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

13 TABLE II (Continued) TENSILE TEST RESULTS RENE' 41 ALLOY (Density - 0.298 lb/in3) Tensile Properties(c) (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in.) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 20 16hr-1400~F None -110 L 247 830 214 14 221.90 None -110 T 244 819 209 14 190.78 None 75 L 229 769 208 10 205.89 650 75 L 230 772 205 12 196.85 None 75 T 225 755 200 10 181.80 None 650 L 215 722 190 11 160.74 650 650 L 213 715 189 11 160.75 None 650 T 209 702 188 12 132.63 650 650 T 208 698 185 11 166.80 None 800 L 213 715 192 13 126.59 35 2hr-1500~F None -110 L 268 899 246 10 199.74 None -110 T 255 855 229 10 199.78 None 75 L 249 836 230 8 196.79 650 75 L 246 826 230 9 182.74 None 75 T 237 795 216 7 182.77 650 75 T 242 812 222 7 190.78 None 350 L 243 815 217 9 181.74 None 650 L 229 769 210 7 138.60 650 650 L 229 769 213 6 160.70 None 650 T 222 745 200 8 155.70 650 650 T 221 742 200 7 158.72 None 800 L 221 742 210 6 142.64 None 800 T 217 729 196 6 142.63 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0.2-percent offset yield: "Elong." - elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

14 TABLE III TENSILE TEST RESULTS N155 ALLOY (Density - 0. 298 lb/in3) Tensile Properties(c) (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in. ) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 40 None None -110 L 216 725 180 12 213.99 None -110 T 222 745 185 10 194.87 None 75 L 188 631 167 7 183.97 650 75 L 205 688 189 4.5 196.96 None 75 T 190 638 159 8 168.88 650 75 T 210 705 183 6 164.78 None 350 L 173 581 150 2.5 160.92 None 350 T 178 598 158 3.5 118.66 None 650 L 168 564 151 1.5 110.65 650 650 L 170 571 155 2.0 131.77 None 650 T 175 588 154 2.5 114.65 650 650 T 179 601 158 2.5 102.57 None 800 L 166 557 150 2.5 127.76 None 800 T 173 581 147 2.0 97.56 65 None None -110 L 247 830 210 6.0 212.86 None -110 T 264 886 227 7.5 164.62 None 75 L 217 729 185 4.0 186.86 650 75 L 244 819 224 2.0 180.74 None 75 T 232 779 187 5.0 115.50 650 75 T 259 870 227 2.5 122.47 None 350 L 201 675 165 2.5 154.77 None 350 T 215 722 177 3.0 107.50 None 650 L 198 665 176 2.0 144.73 650 650 L 207 695 188 2.0 118.59 None 650 T 213 715 186 2.0 88.41 650 650 T 221 742 199 2.0 91.41 None 800 L 201 675 174 1.5 118.59 None 800 T 213 715 185 1.5 69.32 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0.2-percent offset yield; "Elong." - elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

15 TABLE IV TENSILE TEST RESULTS L605 ALLOY (Density - 0. 332 lb/in3) Tensile Properties() _ (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yi eld Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Dehsity Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in. ) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 25 None None -110 L 234 705 154 15 197.84 None -110 T 240 723 187 10 197.82 None 75 L 208 626 154 12 176.85 650 75 L 215 648 172 9 200.93 None 75 T 213 642 163 9 174.82 650 75 T 230 693 197 9 209.91 None 350 L 194 584 133 16 153.79 None 350 T 197 594 150 9 152.77 None 650 L 186 560 143 15 164.88 650 650 L 188 566 147 8 155.82 None 650 T 192 578 158 8 142.74 650 650 T 197 594 167 6 155.79 None 800 L 184 554 140 7 143.78 None 800 T 196 591 162 5 130.66 None 1000 L 181 545 143 12 147.81 1000 1000 L 183 552 164 3.5 None 1000 T 190 572 164 7 140.74 1000 1000 T 195 587 174 2.5 45 None None -110 L 291 877 211 3.0 157.54 None -110 T 305 919 230 4.5 140.46 None 75 L 264 795 182 2.5 146.55. 650 75 L 290 874 247 2.0 156.54 None 75 T 276 831 192 4.0 137.50 650 75 T 302 910 258 3.0 127.42 None 350 L 250 753 182 2.5 128.51 None 350 T 263 792 202 4.0 124.47 None 650 L 251 756 193 2.0 118.47 650 650 L 257 774 214 2.3 154.60 None 650 T 262 789 208 2.5 130.50 650 650 T 264 795 213 2.8 97.37 None 800 L 249 750 203 2.0 144.58 None 800 T 260 783 221 2.0 107.41 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0.2-percent offset yield; "Elong." - elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

16 TABLE V TENSILE TEST RESULTS D979 ALLOY (Density - 0.296 lb/in3)..... | Tensile Properties(c) (b) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in.) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 30 16hr-1200~F None -110 L 238 804 208 11.0 225.94 None -110 T 235 794 198 12.0 203.86 None 75 L 222 750 198 7.0 211.95 650 75 L 221 746 --- 6.5 211.95 None 75 T 216 730 182 8.0 197.91 650 75 T 214 722 --- 8.0 177.83 None 350 L 212 716 196 4.5 182.86 None 650 L 211 714 198 3.0 164.78 650 650 L 202 683 190 4.3 190.94 None 650 T 195 659 174 5.0 146.75 650 650 T 194 656 168 4.5 151.78 None 800 L 199 673 188 3.5 144.72 None 800 T 192 649 168 4.5 150.78 50 16hr-1100~F None -110 L 289 975 280 2.8 218.75 None -110 T 272 919 244 5.0 181.67 None 75 L 273 923 257 1.8 178.65 650 75 L 269 909 263 1.3 161.60 None 75 T 262 886 238 3.8 190.72 650 75 T 260 878 235 3.8 157.60 None 650 L 244 825 239 1.5 143.59 650 650 L 244 825 240 1.3 149.61 None 650 T 237 801 213 2.5 123.52 650 650 T --- --- --- --- 155 None 800 L --- --- --- --- 158 --- _______None 800 T 233 787 206 1.8 136.58 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0.2-percent offset yield; "Elong." - elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

17 TABLE VI TENSILE TEST RESULTS A286 ALLOY (Densitv - 0. 288 lb/in3 Tensile Properties) (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test C~old | EXPosure Te~st | |Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in. ) (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 30 16hr-1300~F None -110 L 202 701 169 14 189.94 None -110 T 195 677 166 15 182.93 None 75 L 185 642 163 11 180.97 650 75 L 181 628 162 9 179.99 1000 75 L 190 659 168 12 114.60 None 75 T 181 628 154 10 180.99 650 75 T 182 632 157 11 174.95 1000 75 T 185 642 162 11 None 650 L 166 576 151 6 123.74 650 650 L 167 580 158 6 143.86 None 650 T 167 580 147 6 121.72 650 650 T 166 576 151 7 123.74 None 800 L 162 563 145 5 116.71 None 800 T 163 566 146 5 115.71 None 1000 L 153 531 138 4.5 125.82 1000 1000 L 156 542 141 5.0 134.86 None 1000 T 152 527 135 4.8 119.78 1000 1000 T 157 545 142 4.8 108.69 80 16hr-1100~F None -110 L 253 879 243 2.0 180.71 None -110 T 275 955 262 3.8 142.52,| None 75 L 239 830 230 2.8 143.60 650 75 L 238 826 229 2.5 130.55 None 75 T 263 913 250 3, 8 140.53 650 75 T 264 916 --- 3.3 126.48 None 650 L' --- --- --- --- 108 650 650 L 207 718 197 2.0 112.54 None 650 T 230 798 216 2.5 83.36 650 650 T 200 694 --- 1.0 123.61 None 800 L --- --- --- --- 98 --- None 800 T 220 764 206 3.0 92.42 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40,000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0. 2-percent offset yield; "Elong. elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength.

18 TABLE VII TENSILE TEST RESULTS AM350 ALLOY (Density - 0.282 lb/in3) Tensile Properties() (a) Unnotched Notched Cold Exposure Test Ultimate Ultimate Yield Tensile Reduction Aging Temp Temp (b) Strength Density Strength Elong. Strength Notch (percent) Treatment (~F) (~F) Direction (1000 psi) (1000 in. (1000 psi) (%) (1000 psi) Ratio 23 3hrs-850~F None -110 L 252 893 214 26 236.94 None -110 T 250 886 194 21 d 215.86 None 75 L 199 706 164 23 217 1.09 650 75 L 199 706 188 22 216 1.08 None 75 T 205 726 174 20 d 204 1.00 650 75 T 207 734 176 17 d 201.97 None 650 L 174 616 148 6 162.93 650 650 L --- --- --- -- 166 -- None 650 T 176 623 141 4.3d 156.89 650 650 T --- --- --- -- 152 --- None 800 L 160 567 130 8.0 154.96 None 800 T 169 599 126 6. d 141.84 a) Exposure for 1000 hours under 40, 000 psi at the indicated temperature b) L - Longitudinal; T - Transverse c) "Ultimate/Density" - ratio of ultimate strength to density; "Yield Strength" - 0. 2-percent offset yield; "Elong." - elongation in 2 inches; "Notched Tensile Strength" - tensile strength of sample with sharp edge notches; "Notch Ratio" - ratio of Notched Tensile Strength to Ultimate Strength. d) Elongation in 1.75 inches

19 Alloy Rene' 41 A286 N155 L605 D979 AM350 Longitudinal O A O v O Transverse ^A * v 0 (Higher strength for a given alloy resulted from higher cold work) 1.1 00 --- 0 10 -- ___ _ 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 U 0 Z 0.4 --- 150 200 250 300 Ultimate Strength, 1000 psi 1.0 - o 0 S 0o8- 650OF 0.7 _ 1 0.4 0 H 0. Ultimate Strength, 1000 psi 0.8 0.3-~- ------- 80 —-I o.? u oo 0.4 Z 150 200 250 300 Figure 1. Ratio of sharp notch strength to tensile strength as a function of the tensile strength for the indicated materials at 750, 6500, and 800~F.

20 Alloy Rene' 41 A286 N155 L605 D979 AM350 Longitudinal O a ~ v O O Transverse A* A r * * (Higher strength for a given alloy resulted from higher cold work) 1. 1 — o0 o0 1.0 o0. 014.s.6 --— \ [] u 0.5 -- --- - --- 0.4 Z 120 150 180 210 240 270 0. 2% Offset Yield Strength!. 0 0 4o 0 0. " 7o. " 0.5 0.) lZ 120 150 180 210 240 270 0. 2%o Offset Yield Strength o 0 I 0.8 0, 150" 180 210 28002F 0 14 0 0.3 - - z il0 150 180 210 240 270 o 0.3 __ —J _____________ I" I —--— \ —------------------ 750, 6500, and 800~F

21 Alloy Rene' 41 A286 N155 L605 D979 AM350 Longitudinal A a v O 0 Transverse 0 A B V 4 0 (Higher strength for a given alloy resulted from higher cold work) 1.1 - I.- - —.-r.. --— 1-1 — I'~lt I 1 - 1 1- 1 - - - 0.7 7 5 0 F i 0.9 --- 0.86 o.6. 4, 0.4I' — I I 5-<O.,,. I 1 0. I 400 600 800 1000 Tensile Strength - Density Ratio 0. 0.9 - D Ratio 1 ~0.8 _a8-650~F- - o 0. - 0,5 o. 4 400 600 800 1000 Tensile Strength - Density Ratio 0 0.9 -........1 -" 0.7 -. —- —....- - 800~F - - 0.,.6 - -- ---.. -...... -- --- --- ---, 0.4 -- - - -- 0 — 0 — -000 Tensile Strength - Density Ratio

22 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F 800~F 1000~F 1200F Longitudinal 0 * O N' Transverse A A ) 230 --- ---- 0. 220 210 o ~ 180 -------- -- -- -- - 160 ------ -- - - - - - - - 150 ------- I- I I- - - 190 ). 15 -180 0 200 400 60.7 __ __ U 0.5. ______ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Test Temperature, OF (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 4. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy annealed and aged 16 hours at 1400~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

23 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F 800~F 1000~F 1200F Longitudinal 0 ~ 0 Transverse A A 180 U 170 0 - 160 t ~4 0 15U A0 -0 140 - o 130 110 100 30 T, T 25 ------------- ---—. —------- --- --- g4 (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation g4 20 1 I................. So 0 _ 200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 4 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy annealed and aged 16 hours at 1400~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

24 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 ~ Transverse A 250 - 0 240 -- - 230 o 220 0 210 210 — 7 _ _- — _ _-___ 1o7 0 S 1 0.9 - _ 4- Z 17 0 - - - - - - - - - t —- ---- 00 D CD -200 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 T4 — CO A o 0.6 -- Z' -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 5. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy cold reduced 20 percent and aged 16 hours at 1400~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

25 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal O Transverse A 220 - 210 00 200 4r(I) 180 * 170 25 2 15 ---- - - 0 *b 10 0 o 0 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, OF (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 5 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy cold reduced 20 percent and aged 16 hours at 1400~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

26 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 ~ Transverse A 270 0 260 O 250.8 --- --- - ~ ---- --- - -- --- ~ —- --- - --- --- - 0 0 0 20 240 600 A 1 — En~ A I 230 4-4 220 210 200 190 1.0 o r-l 9 0.9 - --- -- ---- - - - --- -- - - --- - 4(a) Ultimate0 tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio 4tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure. H 0.6 — 0 — Z 0.5 _ _.. _. _ _.._ — — _ _ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 6. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy cold reduced 35 percent and aged 2 hours at 1500 ~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

27 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal o Transverse ^ 260 250 -- 0 240 o 230 220 0 200 190 180 — 4 1 - 100 0 (b0 0 8-0 ----- 6 -0-200 0 200 400 600- 800 1000 Test Temperature,'F (b) 0.2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 6 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for Rene' 41 alloy cold reduced 35 percent and aged 2 hours at 1500~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

28 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal O ~ Transverse A 230 -.- ---- 220 -- -- 210 9 200 0 190 0)'" 170 160 - ---- 150 1.0 A —-- - 0170 60.7 ~ — _N155 alloy cold reduced 40 percent. Material was tested both asrolled 0.reep exposure 0) 0.8 7 --- _ —----- 4 -200 200 400 600 800 100 Test Temperature, OF (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio

29 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal 0 0 Transverse A 200 -- 190 o *,r 180,) g 170 i 160 -— ~- — 2 320 iO 15 - 200 0 -00 400 600 800 1-000 o 0 Test Temperature, 0F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 7 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for N155 alloy cold reduced 40 percent. Material was tested both as-rolled and after creep exposure.

30 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal O Transverse A A 270 260 50 0 230 220 0 90 J S A.-0 o _-_ 0. 0.7 -------------- Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 8. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for N155 alloy cold reduced 65 percent. Material was tested both asrolled and after creep exposure. rolled and after creep exposure.

31 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal O 0 Transverse A 240 230 220 -, 200 A 0a0 1 A 4-) - 190 -— _ —--------- 10; 170 -__ __ _ -_ —- - - __ 60 Z 5 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 8 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for N155 alloy cold reduced 65 percent. Material was tested both as-rolled and after creep exposure. &o A 15. -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F tested both as-rolled and after creep exposure.

32 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F 1000~F Longitudinal 0 Y Transverse A 250 - - 240 -- n' 230 0 ~ 0 2^ 230 - -- - - --- -- o 220 LI I I I g 210 3) 0'4 - 200 190 I0 O 180 170 I __ 10o 0 0.8 _..._ _. _.. - 0.6, cl - c, rl 4, 0 Z0.5 ---— O___ —--— _ —-- -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 9. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for L605 alloy cold reduced 25 percent. Material was tested both asrolled and after creep exposure.

33 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650 ~F 1000~F Longitudinal 0 A~ Transverse AA A 210 -- -- 200 190 o 180 170 13 L I I - L — I I- - 1 3 0 o - 200 0 150 0 o, 1 0 140 0 130 25 li20 __ — __ __ 0 _ 0 ~r( 10 0 5A _ A _ _ --- 0 ___ perature for L605 alloy cold reduced 25 percent. Material was tested both as-rolled and after creep exposure.

34 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal 0 Transverse A A 310.r4 300 --- ---- - _ —- --- -- -- -- -- ---- P1 290 0 0 0 280 g 270 0 A S 260 A Id 0 4 250 020-0 -— 0 — - 2460 230 o 0.8 0.7 o 0.6 ---- ---- -- - --- - --- - -- - ---— _ —- --- ko 0.6 0. ---------------- ~,r, O5 0. UP A Z 0.3 _ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 10. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for L605 alloy cold reduced 45 percent. Material was tested both asrolled and after creep exposure.

35 As Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Rolled 650~F Longitudinal O 0 Transverse A A 260 - - 250 230 40210 0 200 —-— ___ _ 190 180 0 ____0 _________ ___ 10 ____ — ______ 6T 4~'~ 4 0) MO ol I rA -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure lO0(Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for L605 alloy cold reduced 45 percent. Material was tested both as-rolled and after creep exposure.

36 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 ~ Transverse A 250 240 — 4., 230 220, 210_??200 0 190 80 170 1. 0 0 ij ]~ 0 k' 0.8. A 0.7 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 11. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for D979 alloy cold reduced 30 percent and aged 16 hours at 1200~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

37 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal O 0 Transverse A A 220 -- 10 0 o 200 o 0 190 - a I) 180 a) A ~v-4 a 170 - _re epsrAe 160 12 - 10 - 8 o 6__ Cd 4 ~ ~ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 11(Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for D979 alloy cold reduced 30 percent and aged 16 hours at 1200 ~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

38 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650 F Longitudinal 0 0 Transverse A A 290 - 280 0 *a 270 -- - --- X —--- - __ 270 o A - 260 230 220 210 0. 8 0.7-_ to o I 0.6 - - I- I -- C) 0. 5 _ _ A * 0.5 (U 0.3, — -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, 0F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 12. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for D979 alloy cold reduced 50 percent and aged 16 hours at 1100~F.

39 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 0 Transverse A 280 270 o 260 0 0 0 250 bI O 240 A 220 210 10 Q 8 U 0 0 - 44 — [ -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 12 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for D979 alloy cold reduced 50 percent and aged 16 hours at 1100~F.

40 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F 1000~F Longitudinal O *, Transverse A 220 210 0V 0 4. 00 o-i 190 4. 180 150 4. 0 4 0 A286 alloy cold reduced 30 percent and aged 16 hours at 1300~F. 0.7.-200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, OF

41 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650 F 1000~F Longitudinal O 0,' Transverse A 200 190 -- -- U( - 180 o 170 0 160 k U3^ A~~~~~A 150 >0 140 130 120 25. U 10 5 0 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 13 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for A286 alloy cold reduced 30 percent and aged 16 hours at 1300~F. Material was tested both as-heat treated and after creep exposure.

42 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650F Longitudinal O 0 Transverse A A 280 270 -- __ o 260 o 0 f 240 cold reduced 80 — --- -nt-a —--- -d-16 — ours- a —- - ------ 230 4-4, —4 D 220 210 200.8 0.7 -.&J.6 220 --- ------ -- --- -- - -- --.5.6.4 Z.___3 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 14. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for A286 alloy cold reduced 80 percent and aged 16 hours at 11000F.

43 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650 F Longitudinal 0 Transverse A 270 260 ---.r4 0250 240!90 10 0 bO U) -4 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0. 2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 14 (Concluded). Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for A286 alloy cold reduced 80 percent and aged 16 hours at 1100~F, at 1100~F,

44 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 0 Transverse A A 220 - 0 210 200 — 0 200- 400600 —-- --- - 200 OA 190 g 180 0 e o t d n n 0~? ~0 - 160 (q 150 -- Ts 0 130 A 25 Z0 o. 15 10 CTJ D0 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (b) 0.2-percent offset yield strength and elongation Figure 15 (Continued) Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for AM350 alloy in the CRT condition.

45 As Heat Exposed 1000 hrs under 40, 000 psi Treated 650~F Longitudinal 0 Transverse A 260 ---- 250 240 o 0 220 210 I 200 ---- o,,-I 5 A 180 170 W 0 0 -40.9 0.8 U Z 0.7.... ---- -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Test Temperature, ~F (a) Ultimate tensile strength and notch tensile strength ratio Figure 15. Tensile properties as a function of test temperature for AM350 alloy in the CRT condition.