025954-1 -F NEAR-MILLIMETER WAVE RADAR AND ANTENNA FACILITY Fawwaz T. Ulaby Radiation Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Unviersity of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2122 FINAL REPORT U.S. Army Research Office Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Contract DAAL03-88-G-0086 November, 1989 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE, DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

NEAR-MILLIMETER WAVE RADAR AND ANTENNA FACILITY FINAL REPORT U.S. ARMY RESEARCH OFFICE CONTRACT DAAL 03-88-G-0086 Fawwaz T. Ulaby Radiation Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 November, 1989 THE VIEW, OPINIONS, AND/OR FINDINGS CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR(S) AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS AN OFFICIAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY POSITION, POLICY, OR DECISION, UNLESS SO DESIGNATED BY OTHER DOCUMENTATION.

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188. _____________________________________Exp. Date: Jun 30,1986 la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 1 b. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS Unclassified 2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; 2b. DECLASSIFICATION/ DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION Radiation Laboratory, University (If applicable) of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 _ _ U.S. Army Research Office 6c. ADDRESS (Cty, State, and ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 P.O. Box 12211 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211 8a. NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If applicable) U.S. Army Research Office __.. 8c. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS P.O. Box 12211 PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2211 ELEMNT NO. NO. NO. ACCESSION NO. 11. TITLE (Include Security Clajification) Near-Millimeter Wave Radar and Antenna Facility 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Fawwaz T. Ulaby 13a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 14. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day) 115. PAGE COUNT Final FROM 10/88 TO 9/89 1 1989, November 30 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION 17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP Millimeter waves, Radar scattering, Terrain Clutter 19. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) This report provides a list of equipment purchased to improve the performance of the University of Michigan's Millimeter-wave Radar facility by extending its frequency to include the 215 GHz atmospheric windows. 20. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 0 UNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED C SAME AS RPT. R edition may be used until exhausted. All other editions are obsolete. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF TiS PAGE

1. INTRODUCTION Under Research Agreement No. DAAL03-88-G-0086, The U.S. Army Research Office provided $154,000 to the University of Michigan for the purpose of purchasing equipment that will enhance the capabilities of the University of Michigan's millimeter-wave radar scatterometer system by extending its frequency of operation to include the 215- GHz atmospheric window. In addition to the above funds, the Universiy of Michigan committed to provide $38,500 in the form of cost-sharing, which brings the total to $192,500. The contract duration was one year, with an ending date of 30 September, 1989. 2. SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS All the goals stated in the instrumentation proposal submitted by the University of Michigan have been realized. The list in Table 1 shows the items purchased, the manufacturer, and the cost. The highest cost item was a 215 GHz transmitter/receiver front-end that was custom-built by Militech Corporation. The system was delivered four months behind schedule, but its performance characteristics were found to meet or exceed all the minimum specifications we had agreed on with the manufacturer. Within a period of one month, we were able to evaluate the system performance, develop appropriate calibration targets, and integrate the 215-GHz system into the overall radar system. Addition of the Vector Network Analyzer resulted in a reduction of data acquisition time by a factor of 10, thereby increasing the amount of data that the radar system can measure in one day. All the software necessary for controlling the radar system functions and for processing the backscattered signal were developed and tested. The remaining items listed in Table 1 served to improve the performance of various functions of the radar system, and to improve the stability of the millimeter wave radiometers mounted on the same platform. The final specifications of the four-channel radar system are given in Table 2. 3. PERSONNEL SUPPORTED None. This was an instrumentation contract, and therefore all funds were used for purchasing equipment and supplies. Labor costs for testing the equipment and integrating them into the overall radar system were covered from other sources of funding.

Table 1. Equipment Purchased Description Vender 215 GHz Transmitter/Receiver Front-end Vector Network Analyzer Stepping motor w/controller Lock-In Amplifier Gunn Oscillators (2) doubles Computer Memory Cards Hard disc drive Generator Terminal Panel Memory Card Microwave Isolators (5).. " (4) Oscilloscope Microwave couplers Power meter with adaptors Low Pass filter Computer Components Total Militech Hewlett Packard Aerotech EG&G Priruator Militech Pinnacle Micro Hewlett Packard Standby Power Data Translation CAEN Cain-Forlow UTE E& ICorp. Alpha Anritsu RLC 72,183.40 57,771.00 9,650.00 9,367.07 14,677.50 1,217.00 1,089.00 2,813.00 180.90 800.00 708.05 686.96 1,677.20 3,325.74 13,856.00 1,000.00 1,500.00 192,502.90

TABLE 2. U of M MILLIMETERWAVE SCATTEROMETER PARAMETERS FREQUENCIES: IF BANDWIDTH: 35, 94, 140, 215 GHz 0 to 2.0 GHz TRANSMIT POWER: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz: +3 dBm 0 dBm -4 dBm -10 dBm SWEEP RATE: POLARIZATION: INCIDENCE ANGLES: PLATFORM HEIGHT: 1 m-sec/freq., 51, 101,201,401 freq./sweep HH, HV, VV, VH 0 to 70 degrees 3 meters minimum, to 18 meters maximum NOISE EQUIV. o: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz: -22 dB -28 dB -21 dB -20 dB 23 dB 20 dB 10 dB 20 dB CROSSPOL ISOLATION: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz: PHASE STABILITY: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz -1 degree/hour -1 degree/minute -10 to 50 degrees/second -20 degrees/hour NEAR FIELD DIST: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz: 2.7m 7.3m 2.7m 4.4 m BEAMWIDTH: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz: 215 GHz: R: 4.2 deg R: 1.4 deg R: 2.2 deg R: 1.1 deg T:4.2 deg T:2.8 deg T:11.8 deg T: 2.3 deg ANTENNA DIAMETER: 35 GHz: 94 GHz: 140 GHz 215 GHz R: 6 inches R: 6 inches R: 3 inches R: 3 inches T: 6 inches T: 3 inches T: 0.36 inches T: 1.5 inches