ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR, MICHfIGAN NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRESS REPORT (For the Period April 3 to July 2, 1956) Project 2505 Chrysler Corporation July 15, 1956 Project Supervisors: H. A. Ohlgren, M. E. Weech By: M. E. Weech G, Ember Go A, Fluke C, G. Heisig Do E. Theis L. H. Udani

F - ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGANTABLE OF CWONTIENTS Page 1100 2,0 3,0 4. 0 5.0 6,o 7.0 8. o INTRODUCTION SUMMARY AND CONCLUTSIONS LOOP STATUS MATERIALS PROGRAM ANALYTICAL RESUJLTS NUCLEAR CALC rAT I0NS MANPOWER EX.F~NDITTURES APPENDIX F IGffLTR S_ Figure No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Pg e Loop Furniace. Enclosure and. Heating Elements Doorway and Interior of Loop Eniclosure Vacuuman Leak Detection Apparatus in Operation Partiaily Completed. Helium Puxrification System Loop Control Panel Ultra Sonic Liquid Level Indicator Oscillating Probe Liquid Level Indicator Graphite Resistance Furnace Graphite Impregnation Equipment High Freq~uency Induction Furnace for Coating Studies Miniature Carbon Resistance Furnace Materials Testing Furnace Test Results on Oxidation Resistant Coatings ii

-ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGANLIST OF TABLES L Tab le No. I II III IV V VI 'Pa)ge Summnary of Results on Testing of Oxidation Resistant Coatings Oxidation Resistant Coating Materials to be Tested Comparison of Determined Bismuth Impuritiecwith Suppliers Analysis Comparison of Analytical Data with Sample Composition Material Status Report -MArch, 1956 Materl.ial Status Re~port -April through JunE s e., 1956 DR~AWINGS Drawing Number.2505-91R.-loo8 2505 -89R-1034t 2505 -89R-1050 Page -i Vacuum System Induction Furnace Miniature Graphite Resistance Furnace idi

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN -- 1.0 INTRODUCTION This report is the second progress report issued under the contract between the Chrysler Corporation and the Engineering Research Institute on nuclear energy research. The first progress report (2505-2-?) was issued June 15, 1956 covering the period January 2 to April 2, 19ro< This report covers the subsequent quarters work. 1

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN -- 2o0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Fabrication of the loop and components, as discussed in the previous progress report, has been proceeding, The loop furnace is complete and has been installed inside the transite enclosure. The actual construction of the loop and components has been contracted to Alloy Fabricator Division of Continental Copper and Steel Industries, Perth Amboy, New Jersey, for delivery the second week of September. Contracts for:abrication of the cooling air duct work has been awarded with early delivery assured. There should be no delivery problems or delays in the remaining loop componentsA vacuum system composed of a mechanical fore pump and water cooled oil diffusion pump has been built and leak tested. This unit is equipped with a thermocouple vacuum gage and can be used in conjunction with a freon leak detector, Leaks were found in the helium purification system which necessitated a partial dismantling and re-soldering of the joints. This system is now leak tight as far as it is fabricated at present. The heating coils for the titanium reactors have not been completed as yet pending arrival of new "cal-rod" heating units* Thermodynamic data indicates that hydrogen firing will be largely ineffective at temperatures the loop can be safely withstand. This has necessitated some upward revisions in the degassing temperatures requiredo Additional heating coils and temperature controls will be installed on all loop components to enable degassing temperatures to be reached that are 500F higher than maximum loop operating temperatures. Most of the loop control instruments have been received and installed on the panel boardsO Electrical wiring of the instruments and thermocouple connections is underway. The pressure transmitter at the electromagnetic pump inlet is being eliminated since it appears that the pump will operate satisfactorily without cavitation at the temperatures and pressures reached in the loop. The Moore pressure transmitters will apparently be the longest delivery items of all the instruments. An instrument development program is highly desirable to develop satisfactory liquid level and interface indicators and controllers for molten metal systems. A program is outlined based upon two promising methods of measuring these variables. These methods involve ultrasonic sound devices and an oscillating probe that appear to have considerable promise. Construction of an instrument development facility is recommended to evaluate new concepts and to check out commercially available instruments. Two carbon resistance furnaces, one large and one miniature have been completed. These furnaces will be used to prepare and test impregnated graphite and coatings on graphite as materials of construction for nuclear reactors using molten metal fuels. Equipment is under construction to supply a graphite crucible heated in such a furnace with a vaporized zirconium or titantium tetrachloride. The metal halide is 2

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN -i~ de. ---,co~mposed and a met-al. carbide is f4iorm~ed wnich diffuses into the graphite. making the st-ructure 'i pervious., Carbides of these two elements are inert to attack by a molten uranifum fuel" An induction furnace has been constructed and. will be used to coat base metals with a metal coating that is inert to molten metal fuels, A vapor coating technique will be used to apply the metal coating, Oxidation and temperature cycling tests on coated 2 1/1 Cooysecmn have. shown that aluminum dip coatings,, nickel braze, and chemically deposited. nickel coating is satisfactory to protect 2 1/14 Croloy against air oxidation. Temperatures were cycled. approximately 500 times from lI[OO to I0OOF duri-ng this test,, Tests on other- coating materials are underway. Analyrsi's of bisrm tI- for loop use shows considerably more impurities than indicat-ed. by t~le suppliers analysis,, For reactor use., the quality of bismuth should 'be purer than the current lot. Samples~ 'iave been -prepared and analyzed by two different laboratories. Agreement betwee `- cighd. 'In" quantities and. analytical results was not obtained. lnproverments in sr ple preparation and analytical procedures should result in close,-;'reement in the future. Work is being done tow ards improving th analyticall methods for determining more accur~ately the various components in molt-en fuel. systems*. Methods have bseen exai-nined for calculating critical sizes and fuel compositions in fast re~acto systemis. A modified transport equation is believed to be a&lleuat-e for this cI.omputation. A digital computer calculation will be mtado b these methuds in the near futures. Wince th last quarterly-rep.ort, 384 mandays have been spent on the loop, 209 on the materials p~arogL. and. 54 on nuclear calculations* 3

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - 3,0 LOOP STATUS 3,1 Loop Construction 3o.11 The loop furnace has been completed and set inside the enclosure. Figure 1 shows the top of the furnace with the lid suspended just above the furnace enclosure. Four o: f the "Hot Rod" heating elements can be seen in place. Ohe loop heating coil slides in place just under the heating elements. An emergency water cooling system, to prevent excessive heating of the loop heating coil in case of power failure, has been installed. The only remaining connections to be made to the loop proper are electrical bus connections to the heating elements. The transite enclosure wall around the furnace is visible on the side and back of the furnace. Figure 2 shows one wall and the entrance doorway to this enclosure. The heating coil slot into the loop furnace can be seen through the doorway. The ceiling panels have been left off this enclosure until the installation of the loop equipment is completedo The furnace transformer and saturable core reactors have been placed at the rear of the furnace and outside the transite enclosureo Te fabrication and assembly of the circulating loop and vessels has been contracted to the Alloy Fabricator Division of Continental Copper;nd Steel Industries, Perth Amboy, New Jersey. They have received the alloy material for fabrication of the equipment and have promised delivery of the assembled system by the second week of September. The system will be shipped on a supporting skid and filled with inert gas. On arrival at Willow Run, the system will be connected to an inert gas source to maintain the purge blanketo The end wall of the enclosure will be removed and the system slid into place and the support skid dismantled. A high noise level made it necessary to mount the cooling blower in an outside shelter adjacent to the east wall of the building. The shelter lid is hinged to permit access for maintenanceo The duct work for the cooling system is being contracted to the Ralph Lo Davis Company, Ypsilanti, Michigan. The frame to support the duct work to and from the finned tube cooler has been completed, In addition, the portable heater to preheat the cooler has been built. The portable vacuum system has been built and has been checked for leakso The apparatus as used is shown in Figure 3. The vacuum system including the mechanical and diffusion pumps and cold trap is mounted on the cart at left. A thermocouple vacuum gage and freon leak detector is shown on the cart on the right. The system is being used to leak check one of the stainless steel reaction tubes that is to be mounted in the helium purification system. The thermocouple type vacuum gage is to be used as a multiple point vacuum indicatoro Unfortunately, the calibration I i4

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ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - of the instrument changes when the sensing element is cinanged, For this reason, a calibration curve must be made with each sensing element to be used. A Stokes Machine Ceoipany, McLeod type gage has been ordered for use as a primary standard in. running these calibrations~ Several freon leak detectors were tried before satisfactory response and reproducible results could be achieved. The leak testing system is being checked against a University owned helium tyrpe detector to train personnel in the use and interpretation of results from the freon detector. Techniques in using this equipment are improving and it is believed that reliable results will be obtained in the future. A more detailed picture of the vacuum system is given in Drawing 2505-91R-1008,. This drawing shows how the component parts are mounted to obtain shortest possible piping connections The helium purification system is shown in Figure 4, This figure shows the two purified helium storage tanks mounted on the side of the frame with the temperature control equipment for the titanium reaction tubes being shown at the bottom of the panel. Piping and valve manifolding together with the dryer and deoxo unit are mounted on the upper half of the panel0 One of the titanium reaction tubes is shown without the heating coil and ihsulation at the rear of the panel. Helium purification testing apparatus will be mounted behind the plexiglass shield shown in the center of the panel. After assembly, subsequent testing revealed considerable leakage A new assembly method has been devised so that all but two or three joints may be soldered on the bench with access to all sides of the joint, It will also be necessary to use more flux on the joints to make up the joint successfully. The Calrod heating coils for the reaction furnaces cracked and shorted-out on being silver soldered to the preheater tubeo The stainless steel preheater tubes also cracked, The cracking was apparently due to the stress from cold bending the tubes prior to silver soldering. New Calrod units are on order and will be attached to the preheater tube with fine inconel wire. The helium system manifold is essentially complete and the largest task to finish will be the installation of the reaction tubes. The auxiliary panel board has not been started and is the main piece of equipment, apart from the loop proper, that is not nearing completion. 3.1.2 Since it will be necessary to remove the end wall of the enclosure to install the bismuth system when it is received from the fabricator, the helium and vacuum connections will be moved to the opposite side of the enclosure from the control board. This new location will permit work to begin immediately on an auxiliary panel board to control the samp ling process and the transfer of molten metal from sump and melt tanks to the circulating loopo The portable helium 8

a so~~~~ - o..- ~~~~ -~ ~ A-A 2 DIFFUSION PUMP FORE PUMP AND MOTOR PT Nl DESCRIPTION ":cc" ~. VACUUM SYSTEM o,,~ D-2505-91R-1008 VACUUM SYSTEM I -",~~ I.., ~ I I - -. - - p. 9

::::/::/:::/ //:::::::::::::::::: i iii':: i: iiici i:ii::: i::::::::i:::::::::i::i i i i:::: aiiliiii::iiiiiiii;:iii:'ifii.'~li::: ':'::':: ~::::i:'::' i lii~ ':::: :::':_:::::::I:::I:ii:i::::: i::'::il:::.::i:ii'li::ii::ii:::::l:ii:::::::::i::::::::::i:::'::::: i FIGURE 4 PARTIALLY COMPLETED HELIUM PURtFIC:AT:O: SYST ). 10

-- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN r 1 purification system asnd the vacuum pumps will be located adjacent to the enclosure by the auxiliary panel board. The inhibitors vill be added to the melt tank after -te bismuth has been melted to insure operation of the circulating loop with additives present at all times, The additicLs will be marde through a ball valve and sliding seal mou ied on the melt tank flange. The heating requirements for the melt and sump tak will be increased to 850~F to insure that the zirconium and magnes % ill go into solution. Zirconium is solible to the extent of 900 ppm in the presence of 1000 ppm of magnesiu at this temperature according to Brookhaven National Laboratory0 Approximately 250 ppm of zirconiurm will be required for corrosion inhibition. The preheating requirements of the loop proper have been raised to 1300~F so that the loop will be out-gassed at least 50~F above the maximum operating temperature. Additional heating wire circuits will provide for this increase in temperature and a longer heat up time will be allowed for the preheater on the finned tube section. The ball valve on top of the sampler risr s will be cooled by a water coil to protect it from the high temperatures reached while preheating the sampler The valve has a rubber ""O ring body seal and a maximun temperature rating of approximately 200~F. It was originally planned to "hydrogen fire" the loop before operation to remove oxygen diffused in the metal, however, this has been changed to out-gassing the system at a temperature higher than the probable operating temperature. The thermodynamics of the H2 + metal oxide reaction indicate the proposed preheat temperature is not high enough to assure combination. Thee outgassing will be accomplished by connecting the loop to the vacuum header during preheat. The manifold from the helium storage bottles to the purification system will be equipped with a pressure relief valve to prevent the helium pressure from being increased in excess of 50 psigP the loop design pressure. 3.1.3 Status of Procurement Table V and VI in the appendix of this report summarizes the status of procurement on all requisitions prepared before July lst. A number of items such as office supplies, and certain small parts are excluded from the tables. The electrical equipment on order with the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, that is to be used for the electrical wiring revisions of Building #8 will probably not be delivered until the end of August. The loop fabrication, which is being done by Alloy Fabricators of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, will not be completed until around September 5th. These are the most critical items on the list and entail the greatest delay. J 11

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN The major part of the tools and shop equipment which might be needed for construction work, fabrication of small parts, and maintenance or alterations have been received and are in operating condition at the present time. 3.2 Loop Instrumentation The major efforts of the Instruments & Controls Group during i;he second quarter were directed towards the actual construction of the instrumentation system of the Bismuth Circulating loop. Some consideration has been given to the problem of determining which types of instruments should be developed by this group in order to meet the future demands of any projected liquid metal fuel reactor. 3.2o1 Design Canes Only minor design changes have been made since the previous Quarterly Report. 3o2.1.1 E.oM Pump Inlet Pressure The most significant change is the elimination of the pressure transmitter at the EM pump inlet. General Electric Company engineers have expressed the opinion tha t the e flow rates we propose to use, no cavitation is likely to result unless the system is under very high vacuum. Since this condition will exist only temporarily during the sampling operation when the Moore Transmitters are not operable (they are not suitable for vacuum operation), the extra transmitter has been eliminated. A pressure gage reading either sampler pressure or the loop pressure at the inlet of the flowmeter will be included on the main instrument panel for convenience of the operators. 3,2.1.2 Additional Auxiliary Heater Capacity Recent information received from BNL indicates that the circulating loop should be raised to a much higher temperature (12000F - 1300~F) than was originally planned (6000F) during initial out-gassing at high vacuum. In order to attain these temperatures, the capacity of the heaters used to preheat the loop must be greatly increased by wrapping additional heater wire on the loop, The additional heaters will be controlled by the same temperature controllers included in the original design but will not be equipped with variable voltage transformers. Sizing of the additional heaters has not been completed at this date, 3.2.2 Construction All major items required for the installation of the control — 12- i j

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - system have been received with the exception of the Moore transmitters. Most items have also been checked for proper operation and calibration. The minor items not yet received will not delay installation of the system if they are received by their expected delivery dates. Approximately three-fourths of the instruments and electrical conduit have now been installedo The electrical w.ring and pneumatic tubing is scheduled to be installed at an early dateo It is anticipated that the installation of all items not attached to the tanks, loop, etc. will be complete before September 1. Construction status of the control panel is illustrated in Figure 5o The top panel of the first column of panels contains receiver gages indicating the sump tank liquid level and system pressure. Between the two pressure gages is a voltmeter to indicate the output voltage of the saturable reactor. This will be used to indicate when the taps on the Globar transformer should be changed to compensate for Globar agingo The Globar furnace temperature indicator-controller is located in the lower left corner of this panel, The finned tube cooler exit temperature recorder and associated controller are located one above the other in the lower right hand corner of the panel. The middle panel of the first column contains all of the flow measurement and control equipmento The meters in the upper corners of this panel indicate the voltage and amperage of the current supplied to the electromagnetic pump thru the Powerstat variable voltage transformer located on the bottom of the panelo The receiver gage between the two meters indicates the flow rate of the liquid bismuth0. The thermocouple converter and voltage stabilizing transformer for the test section exit temperature controller are ltcated on. the rear of the lower panel of the first column. The small panel located above the top panel of the second column contains the annunciator system which indicates by lighted panels the equipment that is not functioning correctly. Located below the clock on the top panel of the second column is an auxiliary panel containing indicator lights to indicate which auxiliary heaters are energized, Below the row of indicator lights are located from left to right respectively, an elapsed time indicator connected to the electro magnetic pump, the startup control switch, push button for testing the lamps of the annunciator system and the annunciator alarm acknowledge button, I I 13

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ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - The middle panels of the second and third column contains a multipoint temperature recorder. The lower panel of the second column contains the circuit breaker cabinet which controls the power to the various control and heater circuits of the loop. A multi-point precision temperature indicator is located in the top panel of the third column0 The bottom panels of the third and fourth columns contain four temperature control systems, one each for the sump tank, melt tank, loop auxiliary heaters, finned cooler auxiliary heaters. Each system consists of a temperature controller and adjacent variable voltage transformer, The top and middle panels of the fourth column are blank panels for future use, 3.2.3 Instrument Development Instruments are now available which can do an acceptable job of controlling almost any process whose variables can be measured. The problem of obtaining accurate continuous measurements of process variables is often a difficult one even in conventional chemical processes operating at moderate pressures and temperatures~ The high temperatures (1000 -20000F) involved in liquid metals systems cause measurements that are ordinarily relatively straightforward to become extremely difficult problems0 In addition to the problem of temperature coefficients of the instrument calibration present in all instruments and particularly those operating at high temperatures, liquid bismuth systems present serious corrosion problems which very severely limit the choice of materials available for use in such systems0 As a result, only a very few of the commercially available measuring instruments are suitable for liquid bismuth service at 1000 - 2000SFo Most of the commercially available instruments for measuring flowrate, liquid level, and pressure utilize pneumatic transmissiono It is the policy of the AEC Reactor Safeguards Committee that a minimum of pipes and tubes may penetrate the reactor shield. The quantity of air or other purge gas that may' be vented inside of the reactor shield must be kept to an absolute minimum and decrease the possibility of radioactive material contaminating a working area. Electrical data transmission is the only system which meets these requirements0 As electrical data transmission of automatic control signals is relatively new to the process industries, only a few companies supply this type equipment0 The choice of available J L - 15

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN measuring equipment for use with liquid bismuth systems at 1000-2000~F is, therefore, very limited. If the instruments are to be used in regions of high neutron and gamma fluxes, the problem becomes even more complicated as almost all of the transmitters using electrical data transmission systems use organic materials in their coil forms and insulation. As these materials are highly susceptible to radiation damage, most of the manufacturers will not commit themselves as to the long term reliability of their instruments under these conditionso 3 2 3 1 Measurements Required Any liquid fuel reactor system will probably require that the following basic measurements be made somewhere in the bismuth system: 1) Temperature 2) Pressure 3) Liquid Level and Interface 4) Flow Bate Temperature is the only measurement which can easily be measured with standard equipment such as thermocouples, recording and. controlling potentiometers. Temperature is, therefore, of relatively little concern in this development program. The situation with respect to pressure transmitters suitable for use in high temperature liquid metals is not nearly as satisfactory as for temperature. Most measurements can be made with commercially available transmitters, however, the price of the transmitter will be high. Manufacturers of such equipment are General Electric Company (pneumatic), Callery Chemical Company (electric), and Moore Products Company (pneumatic). To date, the above transmitters have been produced only of 18-8 stainless steels and Inconel for sodium and NaK serviceo Moore Products Company is currently committed to supply several of their transmitters of 400 series stainless steel at an early date for trials in bismutho There is no obvious reason why the others cannot be similarly altered if the occasion warrants. Commercially available instruments suitable for measuring liquid and interface level in high temperature liquid bismuth systems are almost nonexistent. The situation is somewhat better for sodium and NaK systems where non-magnetic materials of construction are suitable. Visits to several instrument companies indicated that all are aware

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN r I. 1 of the problem, however, relatively few are actively pursuing any definite development program. Callery Chemical Company appears to be the closest to a satisfactory solution, but are nbt willing to release many details at this time, Their desirgn uses a modification of their pressure transm`ittcr to measure the bouyant force on a displacement member immersed in the liquid metal. Several conventional liquid level transmitters of the float type can be used in liquid bismuth service if their bearing and measuring heads can be located on extensions to the tank such that they can be kept cool (below~40O~F) and isolated from any surging or splashing of bismuth~ (This is not feasible with sodium and NaK systems because the high vapor pressure of sodium permits sodium vapor to condense on cold surfaces)o Most of these transmitters require 4" to 6" - 150# flanges for mounting so will result in large heat losses to any tank they are mounted on. The flanges could be easily modified however. Of the numerous methods of measuring liquid level, the following appear to be promising: a) Ultrasonic b) Oscillating probe The ultrasonic type of level measuring instrument consists of a pulsed electronic ultrasonic oscillator, transducer, receiver, and suitable timing circuits, arranged as in Figure 6. The pulses of power from the oscillator are projected into the liquid through the bottom of the tanko The echoes of these pules reflected back from the surface of the liquid are then received by the transducer and transmitted to the receiver, The time interval between the transmitted pulse and the returning echo is measured by the timing circuits. This time interval is a function of the liquid level in the tank. Equipment of this type is currently manufactured by the Bogue Electric Company, however, their transducers are rated only to 130~Co It may be possible to insert a thermal spacer between the transducer and the tank and so isolate the transducer from the high temperatures. This possibility is now being explored with the Bogue Electric Company, Because the velocity of sound is high, this type of instrument is most suitable in situations where the change in liquid level to be measured is of the order of several feet. I - 17

FIGURE 6 ULTRA SONIC LIQUID LEVEL IND'ICATOR REF. BOGUE ELECTFIC CO. BULLETIN 84688 pg.3 TRANSDUCE P. Is

r - ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN -- I. The oscillating probe type of instrument is shown by Figure 7. The l10 cpso sine wave generator supplies an air pressure signal to the bellows which in turn causes the probe to oscillate about its pivot point The amplitude of the probe oscillation, A, is detected by the linear variable transformer whose outICt signal is amplified, rectified and measured by the amplifier and meter. As indicated in Figure 7, if the probe is driven at some fixed frequency 6J1, variations in the liquid level of the tank will vary the amplitude of the oscillation of the probe. Since bending of the probe itself will also affect the amplitude of the oscillations, this type instrument is probably most suitable for ranges of liquid level change from 6-18 inches. No commercial instruments of this type are currently available. It is estimated that a prototype model can be built for about $100 Worth of materials. Little thought has been given to interface level measurement at this time, however, it would appear that additional timing circuits in the ultrasonic type level indicator should be able to measure the liquid levels of two liquids in contact at an interface. Two types of flowmeters appear to be satisfactory for use with liquid metals. a) Differential Pressure Type b) Electro-Magnetic Type The differential type of meter uses conventional orifice plates, flow nozzles or venturis of the proper material to withstand service conditions. The major expense involved in this measurement is the two pressure transmitters required for measuring the drop across the primary element. No differential pressure measuring devices are available for liquid metals service at elevated temperatures. This type of meter can, therefore, be utilized with no additional development cost. As mentioned earlier, the cost of the pressure transmitters is high. Electro-magnetic type flowmeters consist of a piece of pipe, preferably non-magnetic, with a magnetic field passing through the pipe perpendicular to the pipe axis. Electrodes are welded to the pipe diametrically opposite one another and perpendicular to the magnetic field. Under these conditions any good electrical conductor flowing in the pipe will.1 19

FIGURE 7 OSCILLATING PROBE LIQUID LEVEL INDICATOR IWAV E. ENRAORI w - BELLOW! LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL TRAN SFORMER. OICT AMPIFIER aL RECT. FLEXURE TUBE t- (SEAL a PIVOT ) FIGURE 7 a SCHEMATIC A 0 A I A 2 w FIGURE 7 b SYSTEM FREQUENCY RESPONSE P. 20

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN cause an EMF, proportional to the flowrate, to be induced in the electrodeso This meter is simple and requires only a conventional potentiometer to indicate or record the flow rate..Its cost is reasonable, $500 for a 1/2" meter made of 18-8 stainless steels from either General Electric Comrpa-y or Callery Chemical Companyo These meters hi '. been used quite extensively in sodium and NaK service to 1500~F and have proven to be quite satisfact.ory. Relatively few of these meters lhave been used in liquid bismuth service as 18-8 stainless steels are not satisfactory. At the present time, no nonmagnetic materials are suitable for liquid bismuth service so that if this type meter ised, a much larger magnet is required to produce the magnetic field required inside of a magnetic pipe to give a workable EMF output from the meter. In order to reduce the extramagnet requirements, the General Electric Company proposes to use flow cells constructed of 347 stainless steel lined with Oo010 thickness of 2 1/4 chrome - 1 molybdenum steel, however, none have been built to date. 3.2.4 Instrument Development Facilities The initial testing of any instruments developed can best be done using mercury at room temperatureso This will require a minimum amount of equipment although the value of the mercury used will be high since 10-20 lbso will probably be requiredo However, one can reasonably expect that most of this mercury will be available for other uses after repurification at the conclusion of the test program, Before being installed in high temperature service, any proposed instrument should be tested under conditions approaching those expected in serviceo For this a special test facility will be required, the design of which will depend upon the instruments to be tested. A general purpose test facility can be built which would be usable for testing almost any possible instrument. This facility would be similar to the one mentioned in the previous progress reporto The path to be followed depends in part upon the urgency of the over-all programs If the time available for development will be limited, then construction of a general test facility should be initiated at once. However, if time is not critical, then a test facility for one or two specific instruments can probably be constructed at considerably less cost thana general purpose facility. 21

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - 4.0 MATERIALS PROGRAM As discussed in the earlier progress report, one objective of this program is to investigate impregnated graphite as molten metal containing material. This is to be done by impregnating normally porous graphite with materials such as ZrC, TiC, or ThC by a vapor deposition technique. Another approach is to coat a base metal having desirable oxidatioe' resistance and strength at high temperatures with a metal inert to astack by molten reactor fuels. The coating material in this case being Ta, Mo, Nb, V, or W, These programs have been proceeding as plannedo 4.1 Graphitic Materials 4,1,1 Preparation of Diffused Materials The graphite resistance tube furnace for use in preparation of these materials has been completed and the power supply installed. This furnace is illustrated in Figure 8. The drawings and detailed description of this furnace was given in the previous progress reporto Figure 8 shows the water cooling line connections at the top and bottom connection blocks and the saturable core reactor power supply behind the furnaceO One of the large connecting cables can be seen lying on the floor just under the furnace. Coating vapors will be introduced into this furrace through the 1/4 inch pipe connection at the lower end of the resistance tube. Nitrogen is introduced through the copper tube manifold shown at the top of the furnaceo This gas purges air from the thermofax insulation to prevent combustion and protect the outside of the resistance tube. Helium, Argon, or hydrogen will be used to purge N2 and air from the inside of the resistance tube0 The equipment to be used in the impregnation of graphite consists of a vaporizer, a vapor line and a graphite crucibleo This equipment is shown in Figure 9. The metal halide of interest will be vaporized and transferred through a heated line to a graphite crucible, The crucible being placed in the center of the resistance tube. Initial tests are to be made with titanium tetrachloride. Liquid TiCl4 will be fed from a burette into a pyrex flask. The flask will be operated dry so that successive readings of the burette give the flow rate of TiCl4. A mercury filled thermometer will measure the flask temperature. This temperature will be maintained by connecting the heating mantle leads to a bimetallic type temperature control switch. The bimetallic element will be in contact with the vapor. An inert gas such as argon or helium will be used as purge to protect a U-tube pressure gage on the flask, and also to purge the system before start-upo The vapor line will be glass tubing wrapped with nichrome 22

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TO BUBBLER i FURNACE, I TE MPERATURE 1TC14 VAPOR LINE T INDICATOR 1 --- CONTROLLER, - CR POWER PRESS. F LOW L_ _ INDIC. METER HEATING MANTLE INERT GAS -U m r- -I HYDROGEN 3 cm z 0' m C) z 0 z LE

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - heating wire and insulation. Thermostats will maintain the correct temperature in the line and flask. Graphite tubing will extend up into the furnace connecting the crucible to the vapor line. This apparatus will be altered to carry out similar tests with ZrC1 and TrCl4. Since these compounds are solid;) which sublime, the vaporizer will be charged with sufficient material for an entire run. The flow rate of vapor can then be computed assuming equilibrium is maintained between the inert purge gas and the sublimed vapor* 4.1.2 Special Graphites High density graphites (p = 1.9 g./cc) have been obtained from Graphite Specialty Corporation and from National Carbon, however, the density of these graphites appear to decrease from the outside in. Rods of graphite from the two sources were turned down by various amounts in the lathe and the porosity examined microscopically. A definite increase in porosity could be seen with both materials as the diameter was decreased. It would appear then that to use these graphites as reactor container materials would require a complete fabrication first followed by a series of impregnations and re-graphitizations to decrease the porosity. This may be impractical for applications where large fabricated pieces are requiredo Future research is justifiable on pure graphites to determine if a uniform density throughout can be obtained. 4.2 Coated Metal Materials As pointed out in the previous progress report, a bimetallic material made by a vapor coating technique may have considerable promise as a reactor material of construction. 4.2.1 Techniques Employed The metal coating is to be applied to base materials such as inconel or 300 series stainless steels by a hydrogen reduction of metal halides at high temperatures. No satisfactory source of the desired metal halides could be located so these materials are being prepared. The metal halides to be used are Mo C1, Ta C15, NbC 1, V Cl, and W C15 These compounds are prepared by passing dry C 2 over the metal powders at temperatures of 500 to 800F. The desired compound either vaporizes or sublimes and is collected in a cold zone of the reactor tube. Metal halide and hydrogen will be passed into the crucible to be coated. At the temperatures to be used, the metal halide is reduced to metal and deposited on the crucible walls. The furnace in which this reaction is to be carried out is shown in drawing 2505-89R-1034. This furnace consists 25

14 VACUUM CONNECTION 13 GAS PURGE 12 CRUCIBLE COVER II INDUCTION COIL 10 BOTTOM FLANGE AND SUPPORT 9 MOLYBDENUM FOIL RADIATION SHIELD 8 MOLYBDENUM FOIL HOLDER 7 GRAPHITE CRUCIBLE HOLDER 6 GRAPHITE CRUCIBLE 5 PYREX PIPE -4"O.D. HEAVY WALL x12"LONG 4 TEFLON GASKET 3 ABESTOS INSERT 2 PYREX PIPE FLANGE I TOP FLANGE PT.N DESCRIPTION 2505-89R- 134 INDUCTION FURNACE ASSY A-A p. 26

I - ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 7 11 I of a vertical 4" nominal diameter 12" long standard pyrex pipe, with both ends blank-flangedo An induction coil with 8 turns made of 1/4" diameter copper tubing is fitted on the pipe with provision to circulate water in the coil. A ceramic receptor-holder within the furnace chamber supports a 2 1/4" diameter x 1 1/2" high graphite receptor whi.h can receive a specimen cup 1 1/2" in diameter. A molybdenum foil reflector supported on a 2 1/2" nominal diameter graphite pipe is provided to reduce radiation losses. Swagelok male connectors are soldered on the top flange of the furnace to provide inlet and outlet passages for the feed and reaction products for a vacuum connection. The induction coil will be connected to a 6KW, AJAX-Northrup, 10,000 cps, sealed gap type, converter. Two 1/4" diameter glazed ceramic tubes through the Swagelok male connectors connect to the specimen crucible through the crucible lid. The plating atmosphere composed of hydrogen as carrier gas and a metal chloride is fed through one of the ceramic tubes and vented out through the other into a bubbler acting as a flame arrester. The furnace assembled in the protective cubicle is shown in Figure 10o In the first series of experiments, crucibles made out of stainless steel 304, and Inconel will be vapor plated with zirconium, tantalum, niobium, vanadium and tungsten chlorides. The vapor plated specimen will be tested for uniformity of deposition and adherence to the surface and resistance to spalling under repeated temperature cycling. In the next series of experiments, it is proposed to study the diffusion characteristics of liquid metals in vapor plated crucibles. Also, the structure of deposits on metal surface and the mechanical properties of vapor plated specimen will be studied. 4.3 Vacuum Melting and Testing As the test specimens are prepared either by vapor deposition or metallic films on base metals or diffusion of inert materials into a graphite base, it will be necessary to test these materials. It was deemed advisable to construct a separate furnace to carry out these tests so that the induction and resistance furnace can be utilized more efficiently. A miniature resistance furnace was designed and built utilizing the same power source as the large resistance furnace. This testing furnace was built at a very nominal cost since most of the materials required were already available. It is capable of operation either under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere, and can attain any temperature that will be required for testing purposes. An assembly drawing of this furnace is shown in Drawing 2505-89R-1050. The electrode cooling coil on this furnace is designed to act as a spring to give good electrical contact with the graphite resistance tube as well as allowing for thermal expansion. 27

:: /~:::::::/::

-15 15 VACUUM CONNECTION 14 BOTTOM FLANGE AND SUPPORT 13 MOLYBDENUM FOIL RADIATION SHIELD 12 MOLYBDENUM FOIL HOLDER II GRAPHITE CRUCIBLE HOLDER 10 GRAPHITE CRUCIBLE 9 ELECTRODE END CAP 8 ELECTRODE COOLING COIL 7 GRAPHITE ELECTRODE 6 PYREX PIPE - 4"0 D HEAVY WALL x 12" LONG 5 TEFLON GASKET 4 ASBESTOS INSERT 3 PYREX PIPE FLANGE 2 TOP FLANGE I SIGHT GLASS ASSY PTD O. DESCRIPTION NO. 2505-89R- 050 MINIATURE CARBON FURNACE ASSY. p. 29

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN A photograph of the assembled miniature resistance furnace is shown in Figure 11. This photograph was taken with the furnace mounted in the protective enclosure. The cable, vacuum, and thermocouple connection were not complete at this time. Crucibles prepared by the various techniques already discussc-d and containing a uranium charge will be placed inside this furna~c and the whole heated to test the inertness of the crucible to uranium attack. Also, this furnace could be used to determine the effects of temperature cycling on coatings and base materials. 4.4 Oxidation Resistant Coatings on 2 1/2 Croloy This test program was initiated to determine which type of protective coating would protect a steel such as 2 1/4 chrome - 1 molybdenum steel from attack by air at elevated temperatures. Since the coating must withstand the effects of cyclic temperature changes, a small furnace was constructed and equipped with a mechanism to insert and remove samples on a preset cycle. In operation, the samples are inserted and heated for 15 minutes followed by removal and cooling for 15 minutes. Cooling is accomplished by blowing room air over the samples with a small fan. The samples cool to very nearly 100~F regardless of the temperature to which they have been heated. A normal temperature cycle is from 100~F to 1400~F and back to 100lFo The temperature of the furnace is controlled by an expansion type circuit breaker which is adjusted manually to cut off at the desired operating level. Thermocouples are placed inside each sample and the thermocouple leads are connected to a multipoint temperature indicator-recorder, which maintains a record of the cyclic temperature change for each sample. This furnace is ilustrated in Figure 12. The electrical heating elements are inclosed in insulated box, control and timing equipment is mounted on the panel. An air cylinder that removes and re-inserts the specimens into the furnace is shown mounted at the top of the framework. The specimens themselves can be seen clipped to the ends of the vertical rods just below the air cylinder. Shop grease and organic materials is removed from the specimens with acetone and dried in air, Tongs are used to handle the samples after washingo All samples are uniformly 1 inch in length but vary in diameter since some suppliers provided samples before size requirements were set. Results of these tests indicate that diffused aluminum, nickel braze and nickel plate are adequate coatings for the service being considered. The appearance of the diffused aluminum was unchanged after test except for a red tinge in the color of the coating. The nickel plate changed from a bright smooth finish to a dull gray, and the nickel braze changed from a smooth bright 1! 30

f-d 41 w0 H^

(CJ ff4

r ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - I finish to a rough blackO In none of these was there any appearance of attack on the base metal0 Some specimens after testing are shown in Figure 13. A special ceramic submitted by Toledo Porcelain Enamel Company was successful in protecting the metal but the coating itself broke down* Small nodules increased in size as the test continued, leaving what appeared to be bare metal exposed in adjacent areas. HoweverY the exposed areas did not scale or flake-off. Of the RoKide ceramics, only the RoKide Z shows promise. One sample tested at 13500F did not failo All others failed by cracking. The coating came off in large flakes with a layer of the base metal bonded to ito Results on all the materials tested to date are summarized in Table Io Further tests will be made on the diffused aluminum, nickel braze and nickel plate to establish their service life. Also, additional samples of the Toledo Porcelain Enamel Company ceramic have been requested. First tests on many of the coatings have not been made. Table II lists the suppliers and coating materials that have yet to be testedo I j 33

i If I:: FIGURE 13::.T.:TEST: RESULS l N iOX::OIDIIO:N:l RESISTANCE COATINGS A: APPLIED TO:Z0EROLOY (TEST COND ITIONSGIVEN IN ll:rli TABLE; I:I): i ^: Id * O',

Table I Summary of Results on Testing of Oxidation Resistant Coatings Fai; Coating Material. Supplier. e..Samplle Maxo Temp. No of Cycles Yes OF 1) Diffused Aluminum Arthur Tickle Co. 1 1400 538 2 1400 538 2) Nickel Braze Croloy Griscom-Russell Co. 1 1450 570 2 1400 570 3) RoKide A (Alumina) Norton Co. 1 1450 41 X 2 1350 46 X 4) RoKide ZS (Zr02S102) Norton Co. 1 1375 3 X k2 1375 3 X 5) RoKide Z (ZrO2) Norton Co, 1 1400 210 X 2 1350 537 6) Chemically Plated Nickel General America 1 1300 524 Transportation Co. 2 1400 524 7) Ceramic Toledo Porcelain Enamel Co. 1 1375 525 8) Silicone Heat Resisting American Asbestos *1 1350 51 X Aluminum Paint EX-5190 Products Co. **2 1400 103 X 3 1400 150 X * One coat, dipped, dried 4 hours. ** Two coats, dipped, dried 18 hours each coat. *** Coating blistered but did not appreciably failo Samples were heated over a 15 minute period to the temperatures indicated and convectively, cooled for 15 to 1000F. led No X X X X X' X X msinutes

Table II Oxidation Resistant Coating Materials to be Tested Supplier Bettinger Corporation Chromalloy Corporation Dow Corning Corporation Markal Company Niphos Process Sales Corporation Solar Aircraft Metal Cladding Inc, Coatig Alcerxnet SL -139W Dif fused Chromium Aluminum Paints: XP-310 xP-4i12 CP.4i695 Paints: SR SR-.2 97% Nickel -3% Phosphorus S-10O33 Diffused Aluminum S-11l77 Aluminum-Ceramic Metcollizing Process:10 #11 Aluminum Oxide over Diffused Aluminum #33 Aluminum-Chromium- Nickel Alloy #45 Same as #33 except - 50% thicker Metallizing BEng. Co. Process,*-x, #12C #12F # 4C Alloys of Nickel Chromium, Boron 15C and Silicon #16C #17C Po 36

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 5.0 ANALYTICAL RESULTS The analytical work on project 2505 is being done by Dr. P. J. Elving and co-workers of the University Chemistry Department. Results reported here are abstracted from memorandums from Prof. Elving to the project supervisors. 5.1 Bismuth Metal Analysis Three -samples of bismuth metal have been submitted for analysis and are given below. B-1 Advance sample of pig bismuth submitted by American Smelting and Refining prior to delivery of the bismuth now on hand for the loop. B-2 Sample of bismuth from American Smelting and Refining which is to be used in the loop. B-3 Bismuth sample supplied by Belmont Smelting and Refining Works. Sample B-1 was analyzed with the following results: 1. Antimony: The antimony 2311 Angstrom line shows itself at 100 p.p.m. added antimony but not at 10 p.p.m. As much as 100 p.p.m. antimony might therefore be present in the original bismuth without detection. 2. Boron: The lines at 2497 and 2498 show about same intensity for 1 p.p.m. added boron and for the unspiked sample. There is weak indication of these lines in a reagent blank. Boron is probably present in the bismuth at less than 10 p.p.m. The possibility that boron is being picked up from glassware should be checked (this will be done by preparing and storing solutions in quartz). 3. Cadmium: The cadmium 2265 and 2288 lines show at 10 p.p.m. added cadmium but not 1 p.p.m. or in the sample itself. Cadmium, if present at all, is probably at less than 10 p.p.m. 4. Copper: The 3247 and 3274 copper lines show at 1 p.p.m. added copper and in the sample. The lines of 10 p.p.m. copper are only slightly stronger. Copper is present and possibly in amounts as much as 20 pop.m. 5. Iron: The 2599 iron line shows about the same intensity for 1 p.p.m. added iron and for the sample. There is also an indication of iron in the blank. Iron is probably present at less than 10 p.p.m. 6. Lead: The 2247, 2614 and 2802 lead lines are present at 100 p.p.n. added lead but not at 10 p.p.m. From indications obtained from analysis of chips of the bismuth pig sample, lead is probably present and possibly is as high as 100 p.p.m. 0 i I 37

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 7. Silver: The silver 3280 and 3382 lines show at 10 p.p.m. added silver but are masked at 1 p.p.m. silver and in the sample by the cyanogen band lines. Chip analysis showed at least a trace of silver. As much as 10 p.p.m. silver might be present. 8. Zinc: The zinc 3302 and 3345 lines show at 100 p.p.m. ad.ed zinc but are masked by cyanogen band lines at lower concentrations. As much as 100 p.p.m. zinc might be present without detection. As a comparison of our results with the analysis given by American Smelting and Refining, table III is included. Table III Comparison of Determined Bismuth Impurities with Suppliers Analysis Present Study, American Smelting Maximum and Refining Co. Element Limit Specifications Sensitivity 1. Antimony 0.01 0.0001 * 2. Boron 0.001 3. Cadmium 0. O1 * 4. Copper 0.002 0.0001 0.0001 5. Iron 0.001 0 0005 0.0001 6. Lead 0.01 0.0001 0.0001 7. Silver 0.0 00001 0.01 0001 8. Zinc 0.01 0.0005 * ~Sensitivity to these elements is inferior to the 0.0001% shown for the other elements. It is evident that the impurities given by the supplier may be low by a significant amount. These impurities, while high will probably not interfere with the loop research, but may be excessive for actual use as a reactor fuel diluent. Comparison of analytical results between samples B-l and B-2 showed no significant difference. With B-2 showing somewhat higher iron content than B-l. Sample B-3 showed very strong indications of lead with this element being present possibly as high as 1000 ppm. B-3 also showed strong tin lines, and contained more iron than sample B-2. Iron present in B-2 and B-3, as high as 100 ppm, may have been intro*duced in the process of milling the bismuth metal, although the. 38

'- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - bismuth chips were magnetically cleaned before use. All three solution samples indicated traces of boron in the range of 10 ppmo The uniform presence of boron in all three bismut.h samples is probably due to attack on the Pyrex beakers by the nitric acid used to dissolve the metals. 5.2 Preparation and Analysis of Metallic Samples Weighed charges of bismuth, uranium, and magnesium were placed in a de-gassed graphite crucible with crucible and contents then placed inside a pyrex tube, The tube contents were then evacuated to a pressure less than 1 micron and placed in an electrically heated furnace. The samples were cooked in the furnace for a period of not less than four hours with the furnace temperature being controlled at 550OFo Tube and contents were cooled, under vacuum, then the tube was broken and the graphite crucible removed. The crucible was broken to remove the metal button and the button then submitted for analysis. The fragments of glass container and graphite crucible were saved for future examination. It was noticed during the melting under vacuum that some volatilization occurred and a black ring was deposited on the glass tube above the graphite crucible. The crucible and glass tube fragments were then submitted for analysis to determine if any of the sample had permeated the graphite and what the volatile material on the glass might be. Two of the metallic samples were submitted to the Chrysler analytical group and two to Dro Elvinges group. Results from the two groups are given in table IV. 39

Table IV Comparison of Analytical Data with Sample Composition Sample (Run) No. Prepared Composition Component Weight ppm Analytical Data Univ. of Michigan8 Weight ppm Reported Chrysler Corp. Weight ppm 1 Bi U Zr Mg 988 350 500 250 300 2 Bi U Zr Mg 1300 370 250 260 300 3 Sectioned Sample Top Top Bottom Sideete Center Center Composite Bi U Zr 1045 820 720 740 800 390 319 355 315 290 127 205 117 Composite _.O 4 Bi U Zr Mg 1000 950 350 265 200 aThe analytical data on uranium have a precision of +5* (relative) or better; those on magnesium and zirconium have a precision of +10% (relative) or better. p. 40

r - ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Sample 3 was sectioned to determine the extent of metal migration during cooling. The evidence indicates that uranium migrates to the outside of a cooling sample while zirconium and magnesium migrates inward. This phenomenon can be explained if uranium forms bismuthides and zirconium and magnesium do not. The graphite crucible in which sample B-1 was prepared was pulverized and extracted with nitric acid for a period of 8 hours. The resulting solution was concentrated and analyzed. No zirconium was found, bismuth lines are very light and magnesium lines were only slightly greater than the blank. The results indicated no significant penetration of the melt into the graphite, The vapor deposits on the glass were analyzed and found to consist mostly of magnesium, with some bismuth; no zirconium was founds The results indicate that the more volatile magnesium deposited above the crucible, as would be expectedO Samples being prepared after B-4 were melted in a 5 psig atmosphere of helium to avoid the volatilization of magnesium. No deposits on the glass above the crucible were noted when an inert gas blanket was maintained above the melt. All future samples will be prepared using the inert blanket, No analytical results are available as yet from samples submitted after B-4. 5.3 Method Development 5.3,1 Removal of Bismuth Studies on the electrodeposition of bismuth have been in progress in hope of developing a rapid procedure for removing bismuth from samples in order facilitate the subsequent determination of minor constituents. This work has been stopped since it was felt that we had achieved results which were as satisfactory as could be obtained without much more extensive work and that further work was unwarranted until we had a chance to discuss the matter with the people at Chrysler or elsewhere. A short report on this work is being prepared and will be submitted. 5.3.2 Emission Spectroscopy Some uncertainties were believed to exist in the composition of the original calibration standards, Fresh standard solutions have been prepared and new calibration curves obtained for the determination of magnesium and zirconium in the bismuth matrix. These new results showed an almost two-fold shift in the zirconium values; the magnesium values were generally satisfactoryo The emission spectrographic analyses are now based on the calibration by 2 pairs of lines for the magnesium and 3 pairs of lines for the zirconium. The precision of the determination of magnesium and zirconium in a bismuth matrix for the range of about 50 to 400 ppm Mg or Zr, is believed to be +10* (relative) or better based on the j 41

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - calibration curves. A report on the method used may be prepared if you or the Chrysler people think such a report will be helpful to the Chrysler group as a basis for discussion on our proposed visit to them, 5,3.3 Determination of Uranium The direct titrimetric determination of uranium in bismuth has given satisfactory results and can be expected to be a satisfactory method for uranium provided that interferring elements are not present. A report on this method, which is considered to have a precision +5% or better, is also in preparation. We shall start work on two spectrophotometric methods for the determination of uranium which seem to have considerable promise as moderately rapid procedures for the determination of uranium with reasonable precision (one part in 25 to perhaps one part in 100) in the presence of a fair variety of other elements. These methods include the dibenzoyl methane (1,3-diphenyl-l,3-propane-dione) procedure as adapted by the Brookhaven National Lab oratory for the determination of uranium in a bismuth matrix and the TBP (tri-n-butyl phosphate) procedure developed at the Chemical Processing Plant at Idaho Falls for the determination of uranium in a variety of types of samples, 5.3.4 0xygen Determination The work on the determination of oxygen in metallic bismuth has not progressed beyond the fabrication and setting up of the necessary apparatus, since the use of our manpower on other of our efforts seemed more justified. 42

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - 6,0 NUCLEAR CALCULATIONS Calculations on thermal ons ns as given in the previous progress report indicated tha thtermal reactor size and weights would be quite large. Consequently, it was decided to investigat inntermediate and fast reactor sizes. Calculation of reactor sizes and fuel compositions for intermediate neutron energies have progressed to a point where solution can be obtuained by computer techniques. Ten groups of neutron energies are involved for a right cylindrical geometry in a reflected reactor, These calculations were brought up to a point where a computer group coald program the problem and arrive at a solutiono No further work will be done on axa intermediate reactor until the probable nreutron spectra of the core can be definitely defined and the core composition fixed. Preliminary calculations indicate t at for cores containing none or very little of the light elements that most of the neutron energies will be outside the intermediate region, For these high energies, the diffusion theory no longer holds and the transport equation must be used, An approach similar to ours has been outlined in LA-1891, "Solution of the Transport Equation by Sn Approximations" by Bo G. Carlson. This report discusses a digital computer solution of the transport equation for multigroups of neutrons. We are now preparing an adaption of the above approach to fit the cyltndrical geometries we are interested in. It is planned to progra the fast reactor calculations and run. through one interation on a digital. At thatt time the results can be examined to determine the correctness of the original as sumptions and check the program for possible errorso If the results are in order after the first iteration, repeated iterations wll be made until the desired accuracy is achievedo It is believed possible to simplify the calculatio on considerably once a complete solution is available to serve as a reference in checking further simplifying assumptionso 43

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - 7. 0 MAIMPWXR EXCPENDITURES Following is a tabulation of the mandays on the three phases of t 1s ~contract. A normal 8 hour working day is assumed. MandaLys Loop 38k Materlials 209 Nuclear Calculations 5k Total 6k7 8.0 APPENDIX Table V gives the procurement status for March as this material was not included in the previous progress report. Table VI gives the procurement status for the months April to June 'inclusive. Expendable items are not included in the liEitings..1

TABLE V MATERIAL STATUS REPORT 0f I rDATES 1956)_____ tI AIREQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT. ORDER I D R SMANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO REMARKS o CHRYSLER RECEIVED USiNG VENDOR DLIVERY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 6 100' 6 1 1 9 6 3 51 3 2 Ammunciator Horn 115v Thermostats Stainless Steel Tubing Bags Thermax, Carbon Black D. C. Voltmeter 25 kva Transformer General Electric Relays and Clocks Tap-A-Line Electrical Outlets Pressure Regulators Natural Uranium Turnings Miscellaneous Tube Fittings Tube Fittings Furnace, Crucible and Aux. Aluminum, Zinc and Silver Metal Sheets Transite Miscellaneous Rubber Products Machine Tender and Shovel Truck Commercial Clocks Polyethylene Equipment Valves, Diaphram Type Stopwatch and Holder Cincinnati Time Recorder Company General Electric Company Allegany Ludiam Company R. T. Vanderbilt Company Allied Radio Company Sorgel Electric Company General Electric Company Miles Kimball Company Moore Products Company Mallinkrodt Company Crawford Fitting Company Crawford Fitting Company Eberbach and Sons Eberbach and Sons Plant Department Automotive Rubber Company Palmer-Shile Company Johnston and Company Dyna-Lab. Corporation Imperial Brass Company Eberbach and Sons Minneapolis Honeywell Company Minneapolis Honeywell Company 3/1 3/1 Canc 3/2 3/2 3/2 3/2 3/5 ** 3/6 3/6 3/6 3/6 3/6 3/7 3/7 3/7 3/7 3/8 3/8 led 3/14 3/27 3/8 3/8 ** 3/14 3/14 3/14 3/8 3/8 3/14 3/14 3/14 3/14 3/9 3/9 3/2 3/15 3/28 3/9 3/5 3/9 3/5 3/6 3/6 3/15 3/6 -x-x 3/15 3/16 3/10 3/10 3/16 3/16 3/16 3/16 3/15 3/15 Can 3/26 3/22 4/12 3/26 3/9 3/15 3/13 3/8 3/13 3/22 3/13 3/6 3/22 3/22 3/15 3/15 4/2 3/22 4/10 3/22 5/31,elled Stock Stock 6/12 Stock Stock 4/13 Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock *3/26 *5/31 *3/16 *3/29 *7/25 *5/16 *3/21 *5/7 *5/4 *4/23 *4/30 *4/6 *3/19 *5/14 *3/28 *4/31 *3/27 *4/23 *3/30 163008 163005 163004 162181 164196 167720 164774 162180 163003 162241 162016 162572 164198 162573 164197 164200 172334 163001 165418 164204 $18.50 $80.00 $42.00 $10.60 $995.00 $125.00 $15.00 $60.00 $75.00 $95.00 $50.00 $85.00 $33.00 $45.00 $95.00 $69.00 $24.00 $89.50 $236.46 $24.00 -- Micro-switches 1 Water Cooled Condenser *4/20 (157524) 167071 $368.00 *5/2 164203 $60.00,, ivtem required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 45

TABLE V (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT o_ _ I IDATES (1956) W REQUISIT CHRYSLER REQUISIT. ORDER | w I — PROMISED cn DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO RME REMARKS CH LER R ECEIVED PERY CHRYSLERRECEIVED PURCHSIN VENDOR DELIVERY 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 1 1 8 500' ioqc 3 300' 1 2 i 1 2 4 10 1 1 1 HR Steel Angles and Plates HR Steel Angles and Plates Sim-Ply-Trol Thermocouple 3/4" #3221 Packless Valve 4 Wheel Trolly Ass'y w/p-1000 i20 AWG Resistance Wire A-1 Grade Sponge Titanium General Purpose Relay's Miscellaneous Tube and Pipe Fittings 3/8 O.D. x.032 Copper Tubing Nuclear Chicago Model Counter Rate Met. Pipe - Miscellaneous Stainless Steel Plates Miscellaneous Couplings, Flanges, Gaskets Stainless Steel Sink Stainless Steel Drum Stainless Steel Pails Variac - V - 5 Thermocouple Protection Tubes Misc. Filler Rod, Welding Rod, Glass Packless Valve and Accessories Wheelco Potentiometer Stainless Steel Drum D. C. Coil Ryerson Company Central Steel Company Assembly Products Company Robertshaw-Fulton Controls Company Unistrut Lewis Engineering Company E. I. DuPont De Nemours and Company General Electric Company Crawford Fittings Company Chas. A. Strelinger Company Nuclear Instrument and Chemical Corporation Service Steel Corporation Ryerson and Son Harry W. Taylor, c/o Sargant Company Cobb and Zinmer Company Schnitzer Alloy Company Schnitzer Alloy Company General Radio Company Fisher Scientific Company Welding Equipment and Supply Company Carmen Adams, Inc. Boyer Campbell Company Schnitzer Alloy Company Detroit Coil Company ** 3/9 3/9 3/9 3/9 *x m* ** 3/13 *x-x3/13 3/13 3/14 3/14 3/20 3/15 ** ** 3/14 3/14 3/14 3/14 *X 4/4 ** 4/4 4/4 4/4 -x-x-RX(4/4 4/4 4/4 4/4 3/7 3/7 3/16 3/16 3/16 3/9 3/9 3/9 3/9 3/9 4/5 3/13 3/13 3/13 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 3/14 3/15 3/15 4/5 4/5 3/15 3/27 3/23 4/2 3/22 3/22 3/15 3/27 3/15 3/15 3/5 4/11 3/22 3/23 4/2 4/20 4/11 4/16 4/16 3/20 3/20 3/22 4/11 4/16 3/22 Stock Stock 4/16 Stock Stock Stock 4/7 Stock Stock 4/17 4/10 3/15 Stock 5/20 Stock Stock Stock Stock 3/20 6/4 5/2 Stock *3/23 *3/23 *5/2 *5/23 *3/25 *4/2 *4/11 *4/9 *5/4 *3/29 *4/13 *3/29 *3/23 *4/24 *5/25 *5/14 *4/27 *5/8 *3/29 *3/20 *7/3 *4/19 *5/2 *4/1o 163268 163269 165417 164262 164202 162898 164873 163022 163033 162897 166805 163234 163237 168607 167274 167859 167864 163590 163586 164208 164390 167838 164220 $100.00 $15.00 $528.00 $245.00 $52.50 $95.00 $345.00 $33.00 $84.oo $50.00 $275.00 $675.00 $707.00 $179.50 $91.50 $55.80 $95.00 $24.00 $87.00 $56.00 $280.00 $97.86 $14.00 I I I h h &I Ih _________ ___I *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 46

TABLE V (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT 0DATES (1956) oi _-ii' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT ORDER XT PROMISED |) a z DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPRO/AL TO TO R PRMI REMARKS I O |3 ICHRYSLER RECEIVED URCHSING VENDOR DELIVERY 0DV CY. m 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 1 1 36 2 1 6 6 6 10 10 Enclosed Electrical Wiring Boxes Swagelock Pipe Connections Stainless Steel Beakers D. C. Power - 6-12 Volt Temperature Control System Grad-U-Motor Damper Thermocouple Connector Blocks Stainless Steel Wire Baskets Graphite Rods Voltmeter, Expanded, Scale Flow Controllers Pressure Gages, 2" Dial Pressure Regulators Screw Tee, S.S. Type 304 Pressure Gages Miscellaneous Valves Miscellaneous Pipe Fittings Globe Valves Stainless Steel Electrodes Bags "Thermax" Fisher Back Pressure Valve Temperature Switch - Burling Miscellaneous Unistrut Members Hoffman Engineering Company Crawford Fittings Company Schnitzer Alloy Company Allied Radio Company Swartwout Company Minneapolis Honeywell Company General Electric Company Schnitzer Alloy Products Company Graphite Specialities Company Electric-Mec. Association Moore Products Company Smith Instrument and Equipment Company Watts Regulator Company Van Pelt Corporation, Service Steel Division Minneapolis Honeywell Company Copper and Brass Sales Company Taylor Manufacturing Company The Crane Company Welding Equipment and Supply Company R. T. Vanderbuilt, Inc. Fisher Governor Company Byrl R. Hill Company Unistrut Corporation ** 3/16 3/16 3/16 3/16 ** 3/20 ** Canc **-x**/2 **/20 ** Cane ** 3/20 3/20 ** ** 4/4 3/20 4/4 4/4 4/4 lled **led ** ** ** ** slled ** ** ** 4/4 4/4 *x-x 3/15 3/15 4/5 3/22 4/5 4/5 3/16 4/5 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 3/20 4/5 4/5 3/21 3/20 3/23 4/12 3/23 4/10 4/4 3/22 3/12 3/21 Cai 3/22 3/22 3/22 3/22 3/23 3/23 Car 3/23 3/20 3/23 4/11 4/11 3/23 Stock Stock Stock 6/15 Stock Stock 2elled Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock 5/20 2elled Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock *4/3 *5/4 *5/8 *4/2 *7/16 *5/? *4/17 *5/31 *3/27 *4/5 *4/9 *4/6 *3/26 *4/9 *6/5 *3/29 *4/2 *4/3 *5/2 *4/23 *4/26 163588 164474 167714 164477 167067 164293 168060 163221 164296 164299 164298 163209 164460 167409 164461 163226 164465 167257 167275 164469 $20.00 $115.00 $61.75 $40.00 $820.00 $39.00 $31.00 $75.00 $90.00 $81.00 $17.50 $24.00 $50.00 $22.00 $87.00 $10.00 $69.00 $21.00 $93.00 $68.00o $63.00 3 3 1 I I I - --- I - -— I - I - -l -- J I I *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 47

TABLE V (cont) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT ~o > JODATES (1956) f }REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUSIT. ORDER Ln z DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER T O TO ISED REMARKS 0 o TO RLRREEIVEDAL TO TO CHRYSLER RECEIVED PURCHS VENDOR 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 1 1 2 __ Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment Pyrometer and Thermocouple Minneapolis Honeywell Pressure Table Valve Lubricant Miscellaneous Steel, Centerless Ground Candelabra Lamps and Pilot Lt. Assembly Misc. Wire - Glassbraid and Plastic Helicord Air Gage and Dials Thick Plexiglass Sheet Brooks Purge-Meter Electric Bell 4", and Hydrometer Swagelock Fittings and Capillary Tubing Voltmeter, Anmeter, "Insuline" Taylor Pressure Transmitter Steel Work Bench Time Delay Relay, Inst. Type HW-10 Cable and Hose Assy. Allied Radio Company Assembly Products Company Minneapolis Honeywell Company Foxboro Company R. T. Ryerson and Son Wedemeyer Electronic Supply Company Alpha Wire Company E. J. Becker and Company Cadillac Plastic Company Brooks Rotameter Company W. M. Welch Company H. E. Lennon and Son (Crawford) Wedemeyer Electronic Supply Company Taylor Instrument Company Burkel Equipment Company Allied Radio Company Welding Equipment Company 3/21 3/21 3/21 ** ** ** 3/21 ** 3/30 ** 3/26 3/20 3/28 3/27 Can 4/4 4/4 4/4 4/4 4/4 ** ** 4/4 ** 4/4 *elled 4/4 4/4 4/4 4/4 elled 4/5 4/5 4/5 3/21 3/21 3/21 3/21 4/5 3/30 4/5 3/30 3/30 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/11 4/11 4/11 3/23 3/22 3/27 3/23 4/18 4/5 4/11 4/5 4/6 4/11 4/10 4/13 4/12 Ca Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Rec'd Stock Stock 5/1 StockStock Stock icelled *5/7 *5/2 *4/20 *4/20 *3/23 *4/15 *4/2 *4/? *4/13 *4/26 *4/17 *5/10 *4/16 *4/11 *5/2 *4/19 167255 167256 167310 164470 163252 165180 164471 168087 166576 167276 166575 166705 167273 167069 167757 167708 $51.00 $22.50 $160.00 $7.00 $45.00 $3.30 $25.00 $132.00 $24.00 $15.00 $5.50 $136.78 $21.00 $920.00 $66.25 $60.00 2 1 I I I. I _II I I I_ *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 48

TABLE VI MATERIAL STATUS REPORT 0 _____ DATES (1956) |RREQUISIT. CHRSLE REQUISIT ORDER. SD DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO REMRKS g | CHRYSLER RECEIVED FURCHSI4C VENDOR D CY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 600 1 1 1 1 12 1 __ Miscellaneous Fittings - Clips Thermocouple Wire and Insulators Miscellaneous Fitting-Tees-Adaptors Miscellaneous - Square-D Miscellaneous - Tools 32 B.W.G. SS 316 Wire Portable Type Shop Desk LT 200 Cylinder Hand Truck Wrenches and Steel Rule Stainless Steel - Type 304 Rockwood Cold Forged Steel Union Type P-1068 Angles Greenamel Miscellaneous Ferrules - Unions - Fittings Weld Pipe Caps 4" Sch and 1" Sch Cable and Hose Assy. HW-4 Thenrocouple Gage Tube and Connectors Miscellaneous - Screws - Nuts - Washers Miscellaneous Unistrut Assy's Weather Lead Hoses Relay Rack Panel - Aluminum Miniboy Miscellaneous - Regulators - Oamections Twistdrill's High-Speed-Straight Shank Misoellaneous-Teea-Crosses-Pipe George L. Johnston Company Minneapolis Honeywell Company Michigan Chandelier Company Ann Arbor Electrosales Company Montgmery Wards Company Schnitzer Alloy Products Company Burkel Equipment Company Welding Equipment and Supply Company Chas. A. Strelinger Company J. T. Ryerson & Son, Inc. Murray W. Sales Company Unistrut Detroit Service Company Crawford Fitting Company Harry W. Taylor Company Linde Air Products Company Consolidated Electrodynamics Corporation Buhl Sons Company Unistrut Corporation Great ILake Rubber Company Wedemeyer Electronic Supply Company Victor Equipaent Co., q/o Welding Equip. Buhl Sons Company Crane Coqpuny ** ** ** 4/2 ** Cane 5* ** ** ** ** Canc *e ** ** ** **.Jll M-IN( 5* ** m ** 4/4 ** sled ** * ** *5 ** ** *5 ** slled 5* * **r ** ** ** 5* s-e 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/23 4/2 Cane 4/2 4/2 4/2 4/3 4/3 4/3 4/3 4/3 Car 4/4 4/5 4/5 4/6 4/6 4/6 4/9 4/9 4/10 4/12 4/10 4/30 4/10 lled 4/10 4/5 4/5 4/3 4/10 4/10 4/11 4/11 celled 4/11 4/11 4/11 4/11 4/19 4/1; 4/16 4/12 Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock 4/5 4/24 4/24 Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock *5/10 *5/8 *4/23 *5/29 *5/13 166950 166972 166971 169902 167068 *4/25 *4/19 *4/10 *4/5 *4/24 *4/25 *5/10 *4/24 167073 166582 166577 164974 166960 166962 167251 167250 $35.00 $28.30 $77.17 $77.10 $42.00 $35.00 $39.60 $50.00 $3.20 $10.00 $65.00 $33.00 $56.00 $9.10 $10666,$10.00 $6.11 $96.00 $19.40 $8.50 4 1 ea 2 ea._ *4/26 *4/19 *5/21 *4/23 *4/24 */~ *5/24 *5/24 167263 167248 167311 167261 168504 167260 167831 167707 *Item required. *Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 49

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT DATES (1956) Z REO REQU. CHRYSL REISIT. ORDER I.E - DESCRIPTION ED REMARKS, DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO REMARKS O o 4 D EVERY o o CHRYSLERRECEIVED VENDOR 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 h1 42 43 44 45 46 1 pc. 1 1 4 ea 42 2 __ 4' 4' 1 1 6 2 ea __ 3/8" I.P.S. x Sch. 40 SS-304 Pipe (17-24') Valves and Connections - Miscellaneous Wattmeter- Dynamo Meter Type Current Transformer Miscellaneous - Thinner - Glyptal Resin Bearings Type 1 No. 8N8 and No 5N7 Inconel Wire Micro Switch #BZ-ZRL-P1 Miscellaneous Unistrut - Nuts - Bolts Miscellaneous - Hacksaw Blades - Rules Miscellaneous - Greenlee Punch - Wire Miscellaneous - Stainless Steel Tanks Hose Connections - Welding Masks Nickel Tubing 1" O.D. x S.S. 303 Rod Misc. - Adapters - Couplings - Clamps Misc. - Caps - Tee - Elbow Circuit Breaker XO-115 Automatic Drain Trap Miscellaneous - Screws Cuno Micro-Klean Filters and Elements Unimpregnated Graphite Miscellaneous - Tubes - Pipes - Caps Service Steel Division Hoke, Inc. c/o H. E. Lennon and Son Wedemeyer Electronic Company General Electric Company General Electric Company Detroit Ball Bearing Company Steel Sales Company Micro-Switch Company Unistrut Corporation Royall, Inc. Allied Radio Company A. C. Tank Company Welding Equipment and Supply Company Roberts, C. A., Company J. T. Ryerson and Son The Chas. A. Strelinger Company Taylor, Harry W. Company Ann Arbor Electro Sales Company Worthington Corporation Royall, Inc. J. N. Fauver Company, Inc. National Carbon Company National Carbon Company a-s 4/9 4/9 *5 *5 a-s 4/11 4/11 a-s a*5 a-s a-s *5 **t -St a 4/9 4/9 4/23 4/23 4/9 4/9 4/12 4/12 4/12 4/12 4/13 4/16 4/17 4/17 4/18 4/19 4/19 4/24 4/24 4/24 4/25 4/24 4/24 4/6 4/16 4/30 4/30 4/12 4/12 4/12 4/18 4/12 4/12 4/19 4/20 4/17 4/23 4/18 4/19 4/19 4/24 4/24 4/24 4/30 5/28 5/7 4/6 Stock Stock Stock Stock 4/13 Stock 4/12 Stock Stock Stock 4/21 Stock 4/24 4/26 4/26 Stock Stock Stock Stock 7/30 Stock *4/6 *5/10 *7/10 *6/28 *4/29 *4/28 *4/13 *6/25 *4/12 *4/12 *4/26 *4/30 *4/26 *4/25 *4/24 *4/24 *4/26 *5/4 *4/27 *4/24 *5/28 *7/19 *6/18, 7/6 164992 167833 169911 169913 167716 167717 166844 168066 166836 K-6906 168506 168615 166872 168736 166W9 168410 166879 168432 168434 K-8012 169914 173977 171119 $40.00 $30.00 $28.00 $20.00 eo cage $8.00 $10.00 $3.56 $29.91 $36.80 $10.56 $36.95 $7.50 $12.00 $6o.oo00 $54.00 $2.20 $25.00 $3.00 $41.04 $186.50 $282.15 I I I I I -I I 1. *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 50

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT I DATES (1956) REQUSIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT. ORDER PROMISED R K z DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER T APPROVAL TO TO REMARKS 8 o _CHRYSLER RECEIVED PURCSI VENDOR DEUV ii - _ _ _ 4 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 1 1 1 1 1 ea. 1 ea. 2 ea 2 1 1 1 4 -1 Miscellaneous - Flow Controllers sc. - Differential Pressure Transmitters 2" Pen Strip Chart Recorder Research Controls Minim Flow Valve Foxboro Model (?) Controller Aveco Series 1200 A.C. Valve Misc. - Pipe - Nuts - Flanges Misc. - Valves - Coil Misc. - Screws - Nuts - Flanges Misc. - Series Relay - Cabinets Foxboro Flow Slide Rule & Flow Meter Handbool Misc. - Valves - Couplings - Elbow Temperature Indicator Simply-trol Thermocouple Pyrometer 1 - 3/4 0.D. Bar, Type 416 Stainless 2 Unit Hot Plate Grad U Motor Mddel M09008 Miscellaneous 8' Stepladder Sill Cocks Tube Bushing Tapes Hacksaw Blades, ete. Porcelain Protection Tube I I Moore Products Company Taylor Instrument Co. and Foxboro Co. Foxboro Co., Taylor Inst. Co., Mpls.Honeywe: Research Control Company Foxboro Company Associated Valve and Engineering Company Taylor Supply Co., Sawmill Tubular Products Federal Pipe & Supply, Industrial Pipe Co. Automatic Switch Company Allmetal Screw Products Company, Inc. Allied Radio Company Foxboro Company Taylor Supply Company Assy. Prod. Co., Thermo Elect. Co., Inc. Wheelco Inst. Div. Assy. Products Inc. Globe Trading Company Hessenauer Minneapolis Honeywell Company Sears, Roebuck and Company Royal Inc. Hutzel and Company General Electric Company Schlenker Hardware Sears, Roebuck and Company Sears, Roebuck and Company T 4/26,1 4/26 4/26 4/26 4** 4/26 4/27 4/27 **x ^-x — Pickup ** ** ** ** ** ** Oance] Cancel Cancel Cande] Cancel Led By Ch Led By Ch -ed By Ch ed By Ch Led By Ch 7sler rysler rysler rysler rysler * * A* 4/20 **** ** -X-X-r *-)* ** 4/26 4/26 Stock CancelLed By Corysler *4/30 168445 Cancel 4/27 4/27 4/27 4/27 Cancel Cancel 4/30 4/19 4/16 4/20 4/20 4/20 4/20 4/24 4/2 4/20 Led By Cl 5/3 5/7 5/7 5/7 led By Cl led By Cl 4/30 4/19 4/16 4/20 4/20 4/20 4/26 4/24 4/5 4/20 rysler Stock Stock Stock Stock rysler rysler Stock 4/19 Stock 4/20 4/20 4/20 Stock 4/24 4/19 Stock *5/21 *5/21 168453 171099 171098 168471 *6/7 $560.00 $250.00 $115.00 $350.00 $50.00 $80.00 $10.00 $9.90 $27.00 $42.54 $264.00 $20.00 $10.00 $39.00 $7.20 $19.00 $6.60 $35.00 $8.10 $15.30 $3.00 *5/2 *4/19 *5/3 *4/20 *4/24 *4/20 *5/10 *4/24 *4/17 *5/10 168485 166895 167839 168408 168411 168413 169469 K8190 166581 168609 II Ia, - I I I ---- I ---- F I, I I I ~I *Item required. **Expendable item Chrsyler approval not required. --- I I -_ I I -, wmmmml p. 51

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT > DATES (1956) REQUIST CHREQUISIT REQUISIT. ORDER PROMISED o M lDESCRIPTiON MANUFACTURER TO PPROAL TO TO DELE REMARKSo G CHRYSLER RECEIVED RCISIN VENDOR 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 ea 1 ea 1 ea 1 bar 5 1 -__ Grease Gum - Grease - Screw Driver Angle Valve A14877 Mueller Misc. - Lamps, Switch-Grommet, etc. Misc. - Silver Solder and Flux 600 MCM Jumper - 500 MCM Jumper Individual Push Button Elements Stainless Steel Rod Misc. - Screw Bushing-Reducers Misc. - Potentiometer - Resistor - Socket Mallory Type "A" Battery Misc. - Silver Solder - Handy Flux Misc. - Saddlers Punches - Hacksaw Blades Convertor Misc. - Connectors & Inserts-Elbows Misc. - Breakers - Load Center Misc. - Variac's Contactors Pressure Regulator S.S. Tubing Elapsed Time Meter Thermocouple Wire Teflon Misc. & Replacements Shafts (Variacs) Sears, Roebuck & Company J. Geo Fischer & Sons Inc. Allied Radio Company Welding Equipment and Supply Company Uniflex Cable Div., United Metalcraft Company Cutler Hammer Company Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Inc. Service Steel Company Allied Corporation F. R. Mallory & Company Welding Equipment & Supply Company Buhl Sons Company Ajax Electrothermic Corporation H. E. Lennon, Sons Ann Arbor Electro Sales General Radio Company General Electric Company Watts Regulator Company Ryerson Steel Company Allied Radio Company General Electric, Mpls. Honeywell Regulator Co U.S. Gasket Co., c/o Kicer Supply Company General Radio Company ** 5/3/56 *x-x*x-x*x*x 5/7 5/2 5/3 5/3 5/3 5/4 5/4 5/4 5/7 5/7 Canc 5/8 elled 5/9 3 4 6 ft 1 1500' 1 5/9 5/9 *x-x5/9 5/10 5/10 **x-x**x-x 5/b 5/b 5/8 5/9 5/9 5/9 5/9 5/10 5/10 5/10 5/10 5/15 5/8 5/2 5/14 5/7 5/8 5/14 5/4 5/4 5/17 5/14 Cane 5/8 6/15 5/8 Can Cani Can( Can( 5/21 5/21 5/28 5/24 5/8 5/9 5/21 5/10 6/8 5/21 5/8 5/10 5/23 5/28 elled Stock 7/20 5/10 elled By elled By elled By elled By 6/1 5/28 6/28 6/7 7/10 Cancelled *5/17, 5/24 170440 *8/17 177507 *5/10 170442 Chrysler Chrysler Chrysler Chrysler *6/1 173258 *5/28 173279 *6/25 174180 *6/7 173613 *7/10 173620 *5/8 *5/9 *5/21 *5/10 *6/d *5/21 *5/8 *5/10 *5/23 *5/28 170439 170431 172082 170441 171357 172083 170430 170432 172497 172079 $4.75 $20.00 $4.48 $5.00 $49.50 $7.00 $25.00 $10.00 $5.80 $8.00 $23.20 $2200 $30.00 $25.00 $149.00 $90.oo $20.00 $21.00 $15.60 $95.00 $15.00 $8.00 *Itep required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 52

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT T DATES (1956) REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REOUISIT. ORDER PROMISED DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROL TO TO REMARKS o CDELI VEN OR CHRYSLER RECEIVED VENDOR I 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 10 1 2 20 1 2 2 5 47 1 1 19 1 1 5 1 74 15 Wire Revisions Graphite Rods Purge Meter Misc. - Tubing Misc. - Pipe Graphite Pipe Dore Teflon O-Ring Packing Molybdenum Sheet 0.005' Thickness Misc. - Rectangular Base - Clamps Rustproof Aluminum Wall Lower No - Drip Tape Clips, Insulators & Wiring Lugs, Scriber Studs Fittings, Valves, Couplings, etc. Steel Angles Chasis Nipples Freon Gas 25# Guide to Instrument Literature Saw Blades & Rules Teilon Sheet 3' x 3' x 1/16" Ells', Tee's, Clamps, etc. Brady Cards Plant Stores United Carbon Products Company Process Controls Company McDanel Refractory Porcelain Company Corning Glass Works Company National Carbon Company John L. Dore Company The Rembar Company Eberbach & Son Company Sears, Roebuck & Company Buhl Sons Company Allied Radio Company Allied Radio Company Copper & Brass Sales Company Kasle Steel Corporation Wedemeyer Company Keystone Manufacturing Company J. Geo Fischer & Sons Inc. Supt. of Documents Schlenker Hardware Company Kicer Supply Company J. Geo Fischer & Sons Inc. Cadillac Elect. Supply Company 5/16 ** 5/16 **x-x** ** ** — 5/** ** ** -,._ Cancel 5/22 ** ** *E 5/16 5/16 5/16 5/16 5/16 5/16 5/16 5/L6 5/-6 5/-7 5,/ — 5;, 17 5/21 5/21 5/22 5/24 5/28 5/29 5/3 5/16 5/16 Canc 5/15 5/25 5/24 5/24 5/24 5/24 5/24 5/24 5/28 5/28 5/25 5/25 5/25 Canc 5/25 5/24 6/6 5/29 5/14 5/16 5/16 lled 5/16 6/25 6/18 6/11 6/15 6/11 6/1 Stock 6/14 6/7 6/4 6/1 6/25 Stock *lled 6/4 5/31 7/17 5/29 6/7 5/16 5/16 *5/16 *6/25 *6/18 *6/11 *6/15 *6/11 *6/1 *6/1, 6/8 *6/14 *6/7 *6/4 *6/1 *6/25 *5/23 *6/4 *5/30 *7/17 *5/29 *6/7 *5/16 *6/4 172302 174046 173604 173614 173607 173606 173605 173603 173975 173973 173962 173958 173961 172335 174065 174048 174545 175633 K8268 172097 172308 173974 $175.00 $65.00 $16.00 $21.56 $40.80 $5.00 $6.00 $8.25 $18.20 $12.49 $8.45 $4.76 $23.40 $80.95 $60.00 $3.50 $26.30 $17.50 $1.00 $7.80 $81.00 $25.00 $2.25 ed I I __ I *Item required **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 53

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT - -DATES (1956) -- I — z REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT ORDER n P PROMISE REMARKS mn g DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO DELIVERYARK CHRSLEREDELIVERY VENDOR CHRYSLERRECENIED 'SING VENDOR 4 - 47;.,q 49 50 51 52 53 2 2 2 2 Adapter Flange Clocks Screws, Washers Grinding Wheel Boxes for Terminals Ledgers and Tags Screws and Bolts Corning Glass Works Company Johnston and Company Strelinger Company Sears, Roebuck and Company Ann Arbor Electrosales Company General Stores and Mayer-Shairer Company Royall Inc. 5/25 *x **x-x*x-x*x-x(-x —x 3/28 I 5/23 5/25 5/17 5/21 5/31 5/10 5/8 5/31 5/31 5/17 5/21 5/31 5/16 Stock 5/31 5/22 5/23 Stock Stock Stock *6/5 172390 *5/31 172334 *5/22 172317 *5/23 172321 *7/25 174218 *6/13 K8338 *5/24, 7/11 172495 $12.00 $24.00 $36.00 $4.00 $9.00oo $15.oo $6.00 i - *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 5

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT DATES (1956) Dz REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT. ORDER OMSD R EM DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROVAL TO TO REMARKS u CHRYSLER RECEIVED PURCHSG= VENDOR DELIVERY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 2 2 1 3 ea 2 ea 1 12ea 25' 15 1 1 2 2 Miscellaneous Tools Rheostat and Resistor Steel Channel and Rods Aluminum & Steel Bars (ANL-5107) by Alvin Glassner Bismuth-piping Layout Brown Inst. Co. 8 point Terminal Board Angle Iron Plate Pliers, Terminals, Clsmps Colorless Transparent "Plexiglass" Sheet Flange Steel Plate Pieces 2 Conductor Shielded Microphone Cable Miscellaneous Tools Brazing Manual Removable Top Chassis Locking Pins for Breakers Molybdenum-Tantalum-Niobium Powder Crouse Hinds Receptacles Crouse Hinds Receptacles and Plugs Electrical Equipment - Materials Program Electrical Equipment - Bimuth Loop Test Electrical Equipment - Materials Program Screws, Nuts, Bolts, Washers Sears, Roebuck and Company Wedemeyer Company Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Inc. Kasle Steel Office of Technical Services Alloy Fabricators Minneapolis Honeywell Company General Stores Wedemeyer Electronic Supply Company Cadillac Plastic Company Copco Steel Engineering Company Wedemeyer Electronic Supply Company Schlenker Hardware Company Rheinhold Publishing Company Harold H. Powell Company Electro Sales Company Fansteel Metallurgical Corporation General Electric General Electric Westinghouse Electric Westinghouse Electric Westinghouse Electric The Chas. A. Strelinger Company ** 6/5 **6/1 ** 6/1 6/1 ** ** ** ** ** ** 6/1 6/1 6/1 6/1 6/1 ** 6/1 6/1 6/4 6/4 Canc 6/6 6/6 6/6 6/6 6/6 6/6 6/6 6/8 6/8 6/8 6/8 6/5 6/5 6/5 6/5 6/5 6/5 6/7 6/4 6/4 lled 6/12 6/14 6/6 6/14 6/14 6/15 6/6 6/15 6/15 6/8 6/13 6/12 6/12 7/16 7/16 7/16 6/19 Stock 6/28 6/7 Stock 9/12 Stock Stock Stock 6/22 6/22 6/6 7/2 Stock 6/1l Stock Stock Stock 8/16 8/16 8/16 6/26 177103 *6/22, 6/25 175639 *6/28 175859 *6/7 174235 *6/5, 6/6, 6/11 174233 *7/12 Received *6/6 *6/22 *6/22 *6/6 *7/2 *6/28 *6/11 *8/20 *7/18 *7/18 *6/26 K8316 177180 177179 177858 174258 177850 177859 174289 177138 176177 180191 180191 180191 $60.70 $15.00 $18.22 $100.00 $6165.00 $8.00 $33.98 $15.00 $80.00 $2.00 $35.00 $4.75 $4.00 $6.00 $111.00 $38.46 $32.83 $558.00 $731.00 6/4 6/4 6/4 6/4 6/4 178105 $12.50 II I. _________________ *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 55

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL S'TATUS REPORT __ DATES (1956) S REQUISI T. CHRYSL ER REQUISIT. ORDERDESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APP TO TO REMARKS a I ICHRYSLER RECEIVED URCH'SN VENDOR EUVERY o o I 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 1 9 1 ea, 6 ea 4 5 ft, 100' 1 200 1 10' 4 sht 9 11 100' 2 32 1 Rockwood Ball Type Valve No 1C981 12" Dominion Fans Couplings 3/8" 1/4" Pipe 3' Teflon Type 'T' Gasket National "0" Ring Nickel Tubing Copper Tubing Croloy Saw Blades and Pockez Rules Thermocouple Insulators Bottle Argon Steel Bar Toggle Switches and Potentiometers Transites Tough Pipe Unimpregnated Graphite Copper Tubing Salt Tablet Dispenser Temp. Control and Mounting Flange Resistor, Switches, Test Leads Miscellaneous Tools Little Fuses Elbow Rockwood Sprinkler Company W. W. Grainger, Inc. Crane Company Fischer Scientific Company Detroit Ball Bearing Company C. A. Roberts Company General Stores Babcock and Wilcox Company Shaefer Hardware Company Barber-Colman Company!13at Stores Osco Steel Company Wedemeyer Compsny Plant Stores Fischer Scientific Company National Carbon Company General Stores Mine Safety Appliances Company Burling Instrument Company Allied Radio Allied Radio Allied Radio Service Steel Division Director *x*x **-x **-x *x*x **-x **-x **-x **-x *X*" **-x **-x **-x **-x *x*x **M( *X*( *x*x A*X( **-x **-x **-x Charge 6/11 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/12 6/13 6/13 6/13 6/13 6/13 6/14 6/14 6/18 6/18 6/15 6/15 6/15 6/18 6/15 6/25 6/12 6/19 6/19 6/12 Rec 6/21 6/12 6/19 6/13 Rec 6/21 6/21 Rec 6/22 6/27 6/22 6/22 6/22 6/26 6/26 Stock 7/5 6/29 6/22 6/20 sived 6/29 6/12 7/2 Stock 6/14 Stock cived 7/5 7/17 eived Stock 7/14 Stock Stock Stock 7/3 *6/26 *8/2 *7/5 *6/29 *6/22 *6/20 *6/29 *6/12 *7/2 Received *6/14 *6/13, 6/14 *7/5 *7/17 177857 178937 177503 178108 178106 177506 177511 177512 178107 177532 Kb341 178384 178383 179083 179716 179085 179085 179085 179318 $16.00 $121.05 $15.00 $3.00 $4.oo $5.00oo $10.00 No carge $15.00 $5.00 $36.00 $4.oo $7.50 $4o.oo $71.60 $26.00 $10.00 $15.00 $84.75 $34.42 $25.24 $2.46 $3.00 11 *7/24 *7/24 *7/24 *7/3 ml *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 56

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT z >DATES (1956)) z -o - v REQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUSIT. ORDER FROMISED KF z DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER TO APPROAL TO TO EEI REMARKS O CHRYSLER RECEIVED PURCHSNG VENDOR o __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 5 6 2 10 2 12 14 1 1 2 1 10 112 30 1 75' 96 500' 2 1 2 31 2 Resistors Engraving Neoprene Sheeting Dry Ice Gas Mask, Oxygen Mask National 0-Rings Wire Cables, Cable Sash, Single Block Teflon Rod Chlorine Gas Ceiling and Exhaust Fan Plexiglas Sheet Magnetic Contactors, Fish Tape Gaskets Male Connectors and Elbows Dexion Slotted Angle Cutter Fiberglas Tubing 0-Rings Resistance Wire Oxygen Regulator, Connect. Tube, Fitting GPH Recirculating - Pump No. 1P260 Safety Cans Electrical Pipe Fittings Thermocouple Assembly Simpson Electric Company Instrument Shop Detroit Rubber Company Ypsilanti Diary Wiard Surplus Store Detroit Ball Bearing Company Sears, Roebuck and Company Kicer Supply Company Mathieson Company, Inc. W. W. Grainger Company Cadillac Plastic Company AmArbor Electro Sales Consolidated Electrodynamics Corporation Lennon & Company Acme Steel Company Bentley Harris Mfg. Company Detroit Ball Bearing Company Lewis Engineering Company Wiard Surplus Store W. W. Grainger, Inc. Plant Stores Ann Arbor Electro Sales Leeds Northrup, G.E. Co., Bristol Co. ** ** ** ** *4 4* ** ** 4* ** *4 *4 *4 *4 ** *4 *4 *4 *4 ** ** ** 6/18 6/18 6/14 6/18 6/15 Canc, 6/18 6/19 6/19 6/19 6/19 6/20 6/20 6/20 6/20 6/20 6/21 6/22 6/22 6/22 6/25 6/25 6/25 6/22 6/14 6/18 6/15 Kiled 6/26 6/27 6/19 7/3 6/27 6/20 6/20 6/27 6/20 6/20 6/18 7/3 6/22 7/3 6/22 7/12 7/20 7/16 6/18 6/15 7/12 7/2 7/22 7/10 7/10 6/22 Stock 6/22 6/26 6/22 Stock 6/22 7/10 Stock Stock *7/12 *7/20 *7/16 *6/18 *6/15 *7/12 *7/2 *7/22 *7/10 *7/10 *8/9 *6/22 *7/19 *6/22 *6/26 *6/22 *7/23 *6/22 *7/9 Received *8/9 Cancelled 179084 177547 1775* 177560 17931 179727 177581 177028 179728 178711 16961 17972 17870 178708 177574 180229 178739 180234 174300 180212 $1.00 $18.00 $1.00 $2.75 $5.97 $15.00 $28.25 $36.80 $20.00 $14.50 $30.00 $45.75 $11.00 $11.30 $119.50 $8.75 $9.80 $12.00 $30.00 $25.00 7/5 I I I I - - I - I - I- I I *Item required, **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. P. 57

TABLE VI (cont.) MATERIAL STATUS REPORT 6zO >.DATES (1956), SR MREQUISIT. CHRYSLER REQUISIT ORDER OMISED REMARKS | DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER ETO1 APPRVA TO TO CHRYSLER RECEIVED PURCHSN VENDOR DELIVERY 0 0 DO _ _ _ _ _ _ _1-_ _ _ 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 1 4gros 1 26 16 16 6 1 25 Variac Model 3 Screws and Nuts "Review of Scientific Instruments" Heating Elements, Clamps Cylinder Argon Sockets - Resistors "0" Rings Handjack for Pressure Gages Rosin Core Solder Fittings General Radio Company Bamal Corp., Steel Sales, Continental Screw Co. Norton Company Plant Stores Wedemeyer Company Detroit Ball Bearing Company Becker Company Wedemeyer Company Andrew Company 6/25 6/27 SF)* I I 6/25 6/26 6/26 6/25 6/27 6/27 6/27 6/27 6/29 6/29 7/10 7/3 Order 7/11 6/27 6/27 6/27 7/10 7/23 L Stock 7/11 keceived 7/25 Stock 6/27 7/2 Stock 7/13 8/1 I *7/24 *7/11 *7/25 Received *6/27 *7/2 *8/13 *7/13 181075 180223 178786 K8473 178778 178767 181024 18299] $4o.oo $9.10 $8.00 $120.00 $36.30 $3.00 $3.00 $2.50 $1.00 $16.oo m I *Item required. **Expendable item Chrysler approval not required. p. 58

NIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 3 9h~i0111111 51 jj