ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR Progress Report THE INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP OF 11 FINS PER INCH TUBES AND COILS Report No. 35 EDWIN H. YOUNG GAREN BALEKJIAN DENNIS J. WARD ALBERT J. PAQUETTE STEVE G. GODZAK MILTON MECKLER MARVIN L. KATZ Project 1592 WOLVERINE TUBE DIVISION CALUMET AND HECLA, INC. DETROIT, MICHIGAN February, 1955

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract iii List of Figures iv List of Tables vi Introduction 1 Apparatus 7 Section I - Heat Transfer Tests 7 Test Procedures 7 Test Results 14 Section II - Pressure Drop Tests 16 Summary 16 ii

ABSTRACT This report contains a summary of all the heat transfer, and pressure drop test data obtained since April 1, 1954 and is presented in tabular and graphical form for six trombone-finned coils and six twentyfoot straight-finned tubes having eleven fins per inch, 1/8 and 3/16 inch fin heights, and varying root diameters. The heat transfer tests were conducted with the trombone heater coils in a standard tankless hot water heater. Pressure drop test data were taken on both the trombone coils and the twenty-foot straight tubes. No correlation of the heat transfer and pressure drop data is presented in this progress report because additional experimental data are required for such purposes. iii

LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Enlarged Photograph of a 1/2 Inch Root Diameter and 3/16 Inch Fin Height Tube 4 2 Front View of Test Tank 4 3 Top View of Test Tank with Cover Removed Showing a Test Coil in Place 8 4 Schematic Diagram of Test Tank 9 5 Trombohe Test Coil with Copper Leads and Piezometer Rings 10 6 Trombone Test Coil with Copper Leads for Attachment to Piezometer Rings Outside the Test Tank 10 7 Stright Tube Pressure Test Arrangement, Water Inlet Section 11 8 Straight Tube Pressure Test Arrangement, Water Outlet Section 11 9 Wilson Plot of Coil 2 355 10 Wilson Plot of Coil 2 36 11 Wilson Plot of Coil 2 37 12 Wilson Plot of Coil 1 38 13 Wilson Plot of Coil 2 39 14 Wilson Plot of Coil 3 40 15 Wilson Plot of Coil 4 41 16 Wilson Plot of Coil 5 42 17 Wilson Plot of Coil 5A 43 18 Wilson Plot of Coil 6 44 19 Capacity of Coils 45 20 Variation of Overall Coefficient with Water Velocity Inside Coil 1 46 21 Variation of Overall Coefficient with Water Velocity Inside Coil 2 47 22 Variation of Overall Coefficient with Water Velocity Inside Coil 3 48 23 Variation of Overall Coefficient with Water Velocity Inside Coil 4 49 iv

LIST OF FIGURES (Cont) Figure Page 24 Variation of Overall Coefficient with Coil 5 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Variation Coil 5A Variation Coil 6 Variation Coils 1 Variation Coil 2 Variation Coil 3 Variation Coils 5 Variation Coil 6 Variation Coil 2 Variation of Overall Coefficient with of Overall Coefficient with of Pressure Drop with Water and 4 of Pressure Drop with Water of Pressure Drop with Water of Pressure Drop with Water and 5A of Pressure Drop with Water of Pressure Drop with Water of Pressure Drop with Water Water Velocity Inside Water Velocity Inside Water Velocity Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate Inside Flow Rate for Straight 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Tubes 34 Friction Factor Plot for Straight Tubes 60 v

LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Tube Characteristics5 2 Coil Characteristics6 3 Data for Capacity Run No. 252 13 4 Wilson Plot Run No. 276 14 5 Outside Coefficients Computed from Wilson Plot Intercepts 15 6 Coil No. 1, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 17 7 Coil No. 2, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 18,19 8 Coil No. 3, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 20 9 Coil No. 4, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 21 10 Coil No. 5, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 22 11 Coil No. 5A, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 23 12 Coil No. 6, Summary of Experimental and Calculated Data 24 13 Coil No. 2, Pressure Drop with 75 and 100F Water, Copper Leads and Manometer 25 14 Coil No. 5A, Pressure Drop with 100~F Water, Copper Leads and Manometer 26 15 Coil No. 6, Pressure Drop with 100 and 122~F Water, Copper Leads and Manometer 27 16 Steel Lead Pressure Drop at 100~F and 122~F 28 17 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 1 29 18 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 2 30 19 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 3 31 20 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 4 32 21 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 5 35 22 Summary of Experimental Data for Straight Tube No. 6 34 vi

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP OF ELEVEN FINS PER INCH TUBES AND COILS INTRODUCTION Finned-tube coils have found wide usage in both internal and external tankless hot water heaters. The conditions of heat transfer and fluid flow in these applications are such that external finned tubes may be used to definite advantage. This progress report covers a portion of an investigation of the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of eleven-fins-per-inch tubing having various fin heights and root diameters. A standard tankless hot water heater test tank was fabricated in accordance with the Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers specifications.1 This tank was used in the heat transfer and pressure drop measurements of the test coils. Separate twenty-foot tubes were used to obtain data on the effect of the internal grooves and the return bends of the test coil. This progress report is divided into two sections. The first section deals with the heat transfer performance of the test coils and the second section covers the pressure drop investigations of the coils and the twenty-foot tubes. Finned tubes having nominal root diameters of 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, and 7/8 inches and fin heights of 1/8 inch and 3/16 inch were investigated. The tube and coil characteristics are given in Tables I and II respectively. It should be noted that numbers have been assigned to the tubes and coils tested. The heat transfer performance of a finned tube is related to the outside heat transfer area and mean overall temperature difference driving force by the following relationship: Q = UoAAT, (1) 1I.B.R. Testing and Rating Code for Indirect Storage and Tankless Water Heater Tested in Tank", The Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers. New York, New York, (1952). I - 1

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - where Q = Heat transferred, Btu per hour UO = Overall heat transfer coefficient, Btu/(hr)(~F)(ft2) outside surface A = Total outside heat transfer area, sq. ft. T = Mean temperature difference, F The quantity of heat transferred in this investigation was readily determined by collecting a quantity of water passed through the test coil over a given time interval and measuring the temperature rise of the water collected. The outside area of the test coil was computed from the tube dimensions obtained from a camera enlargement of the tube cross section. Figure 1 shows a cross section of a 1/2 inch root diameter, 3/16 inch fin height tube. The AT temperature difference driving force was determined from temperature measurements of the tube side and fin side fluids. The overall coefficient was calculated by solving equation (1) for Uo. The overall coefficient, in the absence of fouling is related to the individual coefficients by the following relationships: 1 _ 1 + rm +- 1 ) (2) Uo ho hi Ai where ho = Outside film coefficient for a finned tube, Btu/(hr)(~F)(ft2) hi = Inside film coefficient, Btu/(hr)(OF)(ft2) Ai = Inside tube surface area, ft2/ft of tube length Ao = Outside tube surface area, ft2/ft of tube length rm = Resistance of the tube wall to heat transfer, (ft2)(hr)(OF) /Btu -r XfA (3) rm k= m Am where Xf = Root wall metal thickness, ft ^Am = 1,D i ft2/ft Dr = Root diameter, ft Di = Inside diameter, ft km = Metal thermal conductivity, (Btu)/(hr)(~F)(ft). The outside film coefficient may be determined by extrapolating the inside water velocity to an infinite rate by means of a Wilson plot which reduces the inside film resistance to zero. The fin side film coefficient ho of equation (2) is uncorrected for fin efficiency. This coefficient may be corrected for fin efficiency by the following relationship: ~1 L 2

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN h = h (A (4) where h' = Fin side (outside) film coefficient corrected for fin efficiency. Btu/(hr)(~F)(ft2 of outside equivalent area) Ae = Ar + ef Af (5) where Ar = Root area of tube, ft2/ft Af = Fin area of tube, ft2/ft ef = Fin efficiency Ae = Equivalent area, ft2/ft. In general the pressure drop of a fluid flowing inside a straight circular conduit is related to the fluid velocity, conduit length and inside diameter by the following relationship: 2 A = fLp (6) 2gcDi where AP = Pressure drop, lbs per ft2 f = Moody friction factor3 L = Length of conduit, feet p = Density of fluid, lbs/ft3 gc = Acceleration due to gravity, 32.2 ft lbs force per lb mass /sec2 V = Bulk fluid velocity, ft/sec Di = Inside diameter, ft. The Moody friction factor f in the above relationship is a function of the relative roughness of the inside tube wall and the Reynolds Number of the flowing fluid: Re D= (7) where Re = Reynolds Number, dimensionless and )A = Fluid viscosity, lbs/foot second. 2Gardner, K. A., Trans. A.S.M.E., 67 (No. 8), 625, (1945). 3Moody, L. F., Trans. A.S.M.E., 66, 671-684 (1944). 1 L 3

Fig. 1. Enlarged Photograph of a 1/2 Inch Root Diameter and 3/16 Inch Fin Height Tube Fig. 2. Front View of Test Tank

TABLE 1 Tube Characteristics Coil Do'- D D Mean Fin FinA 0 Coil D0,Di' Thickness, Height Fins/inch 2 Ao/Ai No. inches inches inches inches inches ft/ft inches inches ft2/.t 1 2 3 4 5 5A 6 Plain 0.768 0.873 0.882 1.005 1.015 1.015 1.133 0.500 0.5199 0.515 0.6407 0.650 0.7664 0.7664 0.8691 0.4395 0.446 0.5625 0.546 0.672 0.672 0.7804 0.-444.01786 0,0182 0.0137 0.0186 0.018 0.018.021 0.124 0.1717 0.1206 0.1761 0.136 0.136 0.112 11.32 11.026 11.29 10.925 11.03 11.03 11.39 0.560 0.92 0.685 1.032 0.7875 0.7875 0.903 0.1310 4.87 7.85 4.60 7.21 4.47 4.47 3.68 1.125 5

TABLE 2 Coil Characteristics Coil A" ft. U Horizontal Vertical Copper No. Total St.(No.) Bends Length Pitch Pitch Leads Outside Inches Inches 0. D.,,, L,,,,,', J,,,,,,,..................., J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....^. 1 1A* 2 3 4 5 5A 6 Plain 14.59 14.40 24.60 18.77 26.33 22.66 20.38 25.40 3.67 20 20 20 20 20 20 18 20 20 19 19 19 19 19 19 17 19 19 26.81 26.20 26.96 27.31 25.39 21.6 20.26 28.05 28.00 1.08 l.o8 1.005 1.14 1.005 1.015 1.31 1.39 1.o8 1.86 1.86 2.20 2.18 2.625 2.73 2.73 2.96 1.72 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.875 0.935 0.935 1.13 0.510 Capacity Tests Only Capacity Tests Only 6

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN APPARATUS A. Coil Test Arrangement Figure 2 shows a frontal view of the test tank with auxiliary pump, piping, gages, and thermometers. Figure 3 shows a top view of the test tank-with the cover removed and a test coil in place. The vertical tank weir may be seen to the left of the test coil. During operation of the tank the water level is three inches above the top of the weir and the water flows by natural convection upward in the left chamber, horizontally to the right over the weir and downward over the test coil in the right chamber. The water then flows under the weir back into the left chamber where it is heated by a steam condensing coil and sparger. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the test tank arrangement. The location of test coil, steam sparger, steam condensing coil and water flow control valves are indicated. The location of tank water thermometers Ta, Tb, and Tc supported by the tank cover plate are also indicated as are also pressure tap locations, P1, P2, and coil water thermometers T1 and T2. Figure 5 shows one of the trombone type test coils with copper leads and piezometer rings for pressure drop measurements. Figure 6 shows a trombone test coil having copper leads for pressure drop measurements made externally to the test tank as shown in Figure 4. B. Twenty-Foot Straight Tube Pressure Test Arrangement The pressure drop tests arrangement for the twenty-foot long finned tubes is shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8. Figure 7 shows the water inlet section with calming section, thermometer, and pressure gage. To the right of the pressure gage may be seen two manometers, one filled with mercury and the other filled with carbon tetrachloride. These manometers were used for low flow rate pressure drop measurements. Figure 8 shows the downstream end of the test arrangement in which the downstream pressure gage and outlet thermometer can be seen. The weighing barrel and platform scale used to measure the water flow rate may be seen in the lower right-hand corner of the figure. SECTION I HEAT TRANSFER TESTS Test Procedures A. General The test coils used in this investigation were fabricated into the desired trombone arrangement by the Wolverine Tube Division. The test coils were installed in the test tank described in an earlier section of this re j L 7

Figo 3. Top View of Test Tank with Cover Removed Showing a Test Coil in Place 8

OVERFLOW TEST COIL FIG. 4. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF TEST TANK

Fig. 5. Trombone Test Coil with Copper Leads and Piezometer Rings.:*. ii. *~!::ii~::?:~::;:;, - ~> - ~:: t00;044.:,: Fig. 6. Trombone Test Attachment to Test Tank Coil with Copper Leads for Piezometer Rings Outside the 10

I:: Fig~ 7. Straight Tube Pressure Test Arrangement, Water Inlet Section Fig. 8. Straight Tube Pressure Test Arrangement, Water Outlet Section 11

-- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN port. The five thermometers used in temperature measurements were calibrated against National Bureau of Standards thermometers to +0.05~C. Three of the thermometers were installed in the tank cover directly above the coil to measure the temperature of the tank water going to the coil. Two thermometers were placed in the end of the calming section pipes leading to and coming from the coil being tested in order to measure the temperature rise of the water being heated. The calming sections consisted of two 3/8 inch steel pipes, three feet long each connected to the tank by means of pipe unions for external pressure measurements. A pressure gage attached by means of a piezometer ring was installed in the center of each of these pipes to measure the pressure drop occurring across the system. An auxiliary heat exchanger was used to preheat the coil water for the Wilson plot type of tests. A weighing barrel having a capacity of four hundred pounds of water and a stopwatch were used to determine the water flow rate through the coil. For one of the coils, coil No. 2, the calming pipes were replaced by copper tubing of the same diameter as the coil under test in order to determine the effect of the entrance conditions on the heat transfer capacity of the coil. The results of one of these tests are shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11. These Wilson plots were run at tank temperatures of 170~, 190~, and 210~F respectively. These figures show that the entrance conditions do not effect the heat transfer characteristics of the coils. B. Coil Capacity Test Procedure The test procedure used in obtaining data on the coil capacity runs were as follows: The test tank was filled to the overflow pipe level and then heated and maintained at the desired temperature level by means of the steam sparger and heating coil indicated in Figure 4. Water was then introduced into the test coil and the flow rate adjusted to give a 100~F temperature rise. After allowing a sufficient time to insure steady state conditions, as determined by constant temperature levels, a test run was initiated. A test run consisted of reading and recording the five thermometers and two pressure gages in succession while a known weight of water was being collected. The weight of water and the time required to collect it were recorded. Table 3 illustrates a typical capacity test run. A summary of all the capacity runs are tabulated in Tables 6 through 12 for the coils tested. C. Wilson Plot Test Procedure To obtain test data for the Wilson plot type of analysis, the tank was first filled to the overflow pipe level, then heated and maintained at the desired temperature level by means of the heating coil and sparger. Water was then introduced to the coil and the flow rate adjusted to give an average coil-water temperature of 121~F. Upon waiting a sufficient time to insure steady state conditions a test run was initiated. A test run consisted of reading and recording in succession the two pressure gages and five thermometers while a predetermined weight of water was being collected. The weight of water collected and the time of collection were recorded. ] I - 12

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN r TABLE 3 Data For Capacity Run No. 252 Inlet Outlet ( Pressure Pressure o a Tb c i (0) Psi Psi C C C C C 54.0 54.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 54.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 avg53.0 3.2 3>2 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.14 88.0 88.0 88.1 88.2 88.0 88.0 88.1 88.0 88.1 88.4 88.09 87.8 87.5 87.8 87.8 87.6 87.8 87.6 87.8 87.7 87.9 87.73 87.3 87.6 87.2 87.4 87.4 87.2 87.5 87.7 87.4 87.1 87.38 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3 8.21 63.0 63.3 63.5 63.7 64.1 63.0 63.0 64.4 63.5 63.7 63.35 L 150 lbs of water collected -I time for collection, 2 min. 44.7 sec.

-- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN - Table 4 illustrates a of all the Wilson plot runs are coils tested. typical Wilson plot test run. A summary tabulated in Tables 6 through 12 for the TABLE 4 Wilson Plot Run No. 276 Inlet Outlet Ta Tb Tc (ti) (to) Pressure Pressure OC C 0C C 0C Psig. Psig.. 47.5 47.5 47.5 47.5 48.0 47.5 47.5 48.0 47.5 47.0 avg. 47.76 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.79 88.8 88.9 88.8 88.8 88.7 88.8 88.8 88.6 88.8 88.5 88.75 88.5 88.6 88.5 88.6 88.5 88.7 88.5 88.5 88.5 88.2 88.51 88.0 88.0 88.1 88.2 88.0 88.1 88.0 88.0 87.9 87.8 88.01 29.2 29.2 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 24.4 29 29 69.5 70.6 70.9 70.2 70.0 70 8 70.9 70.7 70.9 70.5 70.50 Water collected is 200 lbs. Time of collection is 3 min 51.3 sec. Test Results A. Capacity Tests A summary of all of the capacity test results are graphically presented in Figure 19. This figure clearly indicates the relative performance of the various tubes tested. The superiority of the 3/16-inch fin height over the 1/8-inch fin height is evident. B. Wilson Plot Tests Figures 12 through 18 are the Wilson Plst curves obtained from the test data. The intercepts of these plots, 10 are multiplied by the UoA total outside area of the test coil and then substituted into equation (2) in which the term 1 (A) = O for the intercept. The value of ho FT \Ai 0 is then readily calculated. Table 5 presents a summary of the outside coefficients ho and ho as calculated by this method and modified for fin efficiency by equation (4). 14

ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN TABLE 5 Outside Coefficients Computed From Wilson Plot Intercepts L h ho Coil TT, Btu Btu ~No. F hr-OF-ft2(outside area) hr-~F-f -'(equivalent area) 1 170.69 351 378 192.16 427 476 208.92 719 825 2 170.59 300 342 190.37 403 480 207.67 433 525 3 171.23 246 263 189.19 340 373 206.71 456 518 4 170.63 253 284 189.58 344 403 207.21 420 511 5 170.15 272 293 188.98 337 370 207.14 405 450 5A 171.16 263 282 188.91 312 340 206.44 405 450 6 171.30 236 248 188.76 305 324 207.33 385 415 C. Heat Transfer Performance The variation in the overall heat coefficients, Uo, as a function of the coil water velocity are indicated in Figures 20 through 26 for coils tested. 15

- ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE * UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SECTION II Pressure Drop Tests A. Coil Tests Pressure drop measurements were made simultaneously with the heat transfer measurements on the test coils. Table 4 contains typical pressure drop measurements obtained in a test run. The pressure drop measurements were obtained with two arrangements. In one case the piezometer rings were immediately adjacent to the finned section. In the other case the piezometer rings were located outside the test tank at a considerable distance from the finned section. Figures 27 through 31 give the pressure drop of the leads and test coil and the coil pressure drop obtained by subtracting the experimentally determined lead pressure drop from the overall pressure drop for the case of external piezometer rings. Also included in these figures are the experimentally measured pressure drop points for the case in which the piezometer rings are located immediately adjacent to the finned section. It was necessary to make both types of tests because of the difficulty of computing reliable corrections for the external pressure drop test arrangement. Figures 31 and 32 show the effect of the temperature level on pressure drop for coils 6 and 2 respectively. Tables 6 through 15 summarize the pressure drop experimental data obtained on the test coils. Table 22 shows the experimental pressure drop due to the steel leads. B. Twenty-foot Straight Tube Tests Pressure drop measurements were made on twenty-foot long straight tubes in order to determine the relative roughness of the internal helical grooves of the tubes and the effect of the 180-degree return bends of the test coils. Tables 16 through 21 summarize the test data collected. Figure 33 presents a graphical summary of the data obtained. Figure 34 gives the calculated friction factors of these tubes based on a nominal inside diameter. SUMMARY No final correlations or conclusions can be made at the present time. This progress report summarizes all of the test data collected in the investigation to date. Additional experimental data are required to determine the influence of coil pitch, return bend radii, and coil shape on heat transfer and pressure-drop performance of finned tubes. I 16

TABLE 6 COIL NO. 1, Dr = 1/2 inch, FIN HEIGHT = 1/8 inch SUIMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED DATA Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow- Vt, tw, At, T g, AT, QxlO-3 U0, 104 104-AP No. #/hr Rate, ft/sec F FF F F / Btu U A (l+O.011tw) o #/in2 Gallons/min Btu/h hrh-ftl -'F - 99 100 106 107 108 109 110 111 < — 112 113 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 Capacity Run it t Wilson Plot Run It it lt tt it tt t ft t it tt l! 1300 2285 2959 2280 2892 2520 2185 1838 1435 1057 2905 2492 2135 1840 1290 991 2644 2400 2064 1770 1365 934 1061 1189 1560 5.78 5.o4 4.37 3.67 2.87 2.11 5.88 5.25 4.32 3.72 2.61 2.01 5.35 4.86 4.17 3.58 2.76 1.89 2.15 2.40 3.16 5.51 9.66 12.51 9.66 12.26 10.70 9.27 7.80 6.og 4.48 12.32 10.55 9.05 7.80 5.47 4.21 11.21 10.20 8.75 7.50 5.79 3.96 4.50 5.03 6.61 122.18 121.77 122.50 122.83 123.73 122.34 122.22 122.50 122.36 122.97 122.20 122.70 122.95 122.85 122.83 122.36 122.45 122.49 121.44 121.98 122.56 98.80 100.19 98.81 101.09 63.90 70.09 74.18 80.95 90.67 108.61 92.99 102.67 111.91 115.81 132.52 90.70 45.81 47.38 49.77 57.82 63.95 76.61 72.76 67.55 57.65 172.06 191.84 201.65 191.30 191.68 193.86 191.53 192.22 191.86 191.79 208.67 208.99 208.80 208.85 208.87 209.32 174.22 172.80 171.14 172.96 171.84 173.03 172.31 172.18 171.90 69.50 72.09 69.03 69.39 68.13 69.44 86.45 86.49 86.44 85.88 86.67 86.62 51.27 49.95 48.31 50.60 49.41 50.54 50.87 50.20 49.34 128.1 228.5 293.9 230.5 102.5 98.0 90.0 82.4 72.1 65.4 151.0 142.5 133.0 118.9 95.0 80.0 67-l 63.2 54.6 56.7 48.5 39.8 42.9 44.5 50.0 182.0 167.5 160.5 146.1 130.0 113.2 214.0 203.0 189.0 170.0 135.0 113.9 161.1 156.0 146.1 139.5 120.6 97.0 103.5 109.0 124.2 3.76 4.o8 4.26 4.66 5.25 6.05 3.20 3.37 3.62 4.03 5.07 6.02 4.23 4.40 4.67 4.95 5.66 7.05 7.o9 6.70 6.26 7.21 8.14 9.02 10.42 12.55 16.28 7.16 8.11 9.17 10.41 13.78 16.99 7.78 8.40 9.45 10.80 13.20 17.80 17.40 16.20 14.70 49.50 36.50 28.00 20.90 12.40 5.05 48.50 37.95 28.25 21.39 10.45 3.00 41.97 35.53 26.30 19.20 10.80 5.05 7.00 8.85 15.57 ncludes Steel Leads Includes Steel Leads

TABLE 7 COIL NO. 2 D = 1/2 inch r Fin Height = 3/16 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED DATA Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow Vt, tw, At, T avg T, QxlO3 U 10 104 No. #/hr Rate, ft/sec *F dF a QU, 0 Gallons/in ft/sec F OF Btu/hr Btu U A (l+Ollt) /in hr - ft2- F 265 Wilson Plot Run 266 267 268 269 270A 270B 271 272 273 274 f-j 275 " 00 276 277 " 278 279T " 280 281 282 283 284 285t " 286 287t 288 289 290 " 291 292 293 294 " 251 Capacity Run 252 " 253 Check Run *Includes Steel Leads Includes Steel Leads 3082 2822 2588 2387 2260 2067 1845 1622 1392 1205 1055 852 3127 2863 2415 2415 2790 1830 1440 1065 3110 3150 3670 3675 3515 2900 2360 2360 2860 1995 1049 1904 3280 3670 6.20 5.68 5.20 4.81 4.55 4.14 3.72 3.26 2.80 2.42 2.12 1.72 6.30 5.75 4.85 4.85 4.35 3.68 2.90 2.14 6.25 6.34 7.38 7.39 7.08 5.83 4.75 4.75 5.75 4.02 2.11 8.8 8.06 7.39 6.84 6.46 4.16 5.30 4.63 3.98 3.44 3.01 2.44 8.95 8.16 6.89 6.89 6.18 5.23 4.12 3.04 8.87 9.00 10.48 10.50 10.05 8.30 6.75 6.75 8.17 5.72 3.00 122.32 45.47 122.34 49.75 122.41 52.24 122.18 54.31 122.23 55.84 122.82 58.64 122.50 63.40 122.38 64.69 122.13 70.81 122.43 72.16 122.32 76.88 121.68 80.89 121.91 74.18 122.36 76.66 121.53 83.41 122.25 84.51 121.77 87.91 121.55 95.58 122.49 105.30 122.50 114.35 121.10 98.87 122.11 98.17 122.76 88.47 121.41 87.61 122.99 87.55 121.28 101.43 122.27 111.33 122.58 111.44 122.13 50.04 122.22 60.46 121.50 78.53 94.01 101.36 96,01 100.36 98.49 101.56 170.22 171.07 171.14 170.55 170.51 170.13 170.90 170.11 170.96 170.22 170.87 170.44 190.78 190.42 189.27 190.98 19o.06 190.04 190.72 190.67 207.68 208.27 208.04 207.46 206.49 207.59 207.81 208.02 170.69 170.37 170.67 170.38 189.68 197.01 47.90 48.73 48.73 48.37 48.28 48.31 48.70 47.74 48.83 47.79 48.55 48.76 68.87 68.06 67.73 68.72 68.29 68.49 68.24 68.18 86.58 86.06 85.28 86.06 83.50 86.31 85.54 85.63 48.56 48.15 49.18 76.37 93.41 98.52 139.0 141.0 135.2 129.7 126.0 115.3 117.0 105.0 98.5 86.9 81.1 68.9 232.0 219.5 201.3 204.1 245.2 175.0 151.8 121.9 307.0 305.7 324.5 322.0 308.0 294.0 262.6 263.0 131.1 120.6 82.3 192.8 330.0 372.0 119 117 113 109.5 106 102 98 89.6 82.4 74.5 68 57.5 137.5 131 121 121 113.5 103.8 90.4 72.9 144 141 155 152.5 150 139 125 125.5 120.0 102 68.5 3.41 3.47 3.60 3.72 3.83 3.99 4.15 4.54 4.94 5.47 5.98 7.07 2.96 3.10 3.37 3.37 3.59 3.92 4.50 5.59 2.82 2.79 2.62 2.67 2.71 2.93 3.26 3.25 3.39 3.98 5.95....., 6.91 7.37 7.89 8.45 8.77 9.50 10.40 11.60 13.07 14.68 16.32 19.40 6.82 7.26 8.41 8.42 9.20 10.58 12.70 16.10 6.84 6.74 5.94 6.01 6.13 7.25 8.50 8.50 7.30 9.77 16.90... 48.69 40.71 34.36 29.55 26.64 23.20 19.80 13.23 9.86 6.94 5.21 3.05 41.66 38.23 27.29 27.49 22.16 16.05 9.86 5.35 44.50 45.17 6o.56 61.36 56.21 37.30 25.27 25.02 38.31 18.95 4.97.,,

TABLE 7 COIL NO. 2 D = 1/2 inch r Fin Height = 3/16 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED DATA Run Remarks w, Water Flow Vt, t At AT Ta QxlO-,3 U, 10 104 -lOPl* No. r Rate, ft/sec ~F F F F Btu/hr Btu UoA (l+0.Olltw) W0. #/in Gal olons/m in ft2-*F 397 Wilson Plot Runs 3464 6.92 9.81 122.16 66.96 66.37 188.53 231.9 142.0 2.86 6.28 43.30 398 2384 4.77 6.77 122.09 82.91 66.92 189.01 197.7 120.0 3.38 8.40 21.00 399 "1837 3.67 5.21 122.00 91.78 66.56 188.56 168.6 103.0 3.95 10.44 13.00 400 " 1269 2.54 3.60 122.27 105.86 66.82 189.09 134.3 81.6 4.97 14.00 6.20 401 1538 3.08 4.37 121.68 97.96 66.60 188.28 150.7 92.0 4.42 12.01 9.30 402 2143 4.29 6.09 122.31 85.32 66.48 188.79 182.8 111.7 3.64 9.20 17.00 390 " 3302 6.60 9.36 122.34 45.05 48.82 171.16 148.8 124.0 3.28 6.51 40.36 391 "2395 4.79 6.80 122.36 53.76 48.22 170.58 277.4 108.6 3.74 8.40 22.25 392 "1840 3.68 5.13 121.69 63.67 49.32 171.01 117.2 965.0 4.21 10.40 13.04 393 "1302 2.60 3.69 122.25 71.49 48.53 170.78 93.0 77.8 5.21 13.70 6.55 394 "1017 2.03 2.88 121.77 80.49 49.08 170.85 81.9 67.7 6.00 16.76 2.94 396 "363.73 1.05 121.69 91.62 49.90 171.59 33.3 27.1 15.00 38.05 0.54 403 "3400 6.80 9.65 121.60 91.66 85.23 206.83 311.6 149.0 2.73 6.40 41.70 404 2560 5.12 7.26 122.32 104.98 85.34 207.66 268.7 127.9 3.18 7.98 24.40 405 2790 5.58 7.94 122.02 100.64 84.18 206.20 280.8 136.0 2.99 7.46 28.60 406 "3050 6.10 8.66 122.11 93.38 84.20 206.31 284.8 137.1 2.96 6.94 34.20 Copper Leads

TABLE 8 COIL NO. 3 Dr = 5/8 inch, FIN-HEIGHT = 1/8 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED DATA Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow- Vt, tw, At, Ta, T 10, U, 0 10 N #/hr Gate/n ft/sec FF e F FBtu/hr Btu (1+0.011t,) W #/in Gallons/minhr - ftF hr - ft2 —F C 139 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 213 214 215 Wilson Plot Run i It it it 11 t. ~i it.i 11 it.. ft 11.,.. Capacity Run t. 3430 3800 3250 2770 2457 2125 1008 1650 1440 1359 3880 3690 3420 3060 2590 2310 1890 1580 1158 3320 2850 2330 1930 1600 1275 1160 2145 3265 6.86 7.60 6.50 5.54 4.91 4.25 2.03 3.30 2.88 2.72 7.76 7.38 6.84 6.12 5.18 4.62 3.78 3.16 2.32 6.64 5.70 4.66 3.86 3.20 2.55 8.97 9.94 8.51 7.25 6.43 5.56 2.64 4.32 3.76 3.56 10.14 9.65 8.94 8.00 6.77 6.o4 4.94 4.13 3.02 8.67 7.45 6.10 5.05 4.18 3.34 3.04 5.61 8.54 122.81 122.32 121.82 122.07 122.14 122.63 122.65 122.36 122.86 122.68 122.45 122.67 122.00 122.68 122.50 122.18 122.18 122.32 122.63 122.11 122.32 121.64 122.86 122.83 122.07 102.57 100.91 100.93 75.22 84.24 85.12 90.43 84.91 84.56 82.73 114.34 84.10 84.82 50.35 66.51 55.69 66.76 64.49 66.94 77.38 66.94 94.64 49.79 48.51 45.49 47.99 54.47 48.58 101.48 100.39 101.18 204.91 82.10 206.56 74.61 206.94 82.78 207.61 85.54 207.05 94.86 207.19 101.50 205.38 125.41 206.96 84.60 206.96 117.34 207.50 122.18 188.42 65.97 189.18 50.58 189.86 67.86 189.45 59.92 189.32 66.82 189.12 69.41 189.05 66.87 189.27 84.31 189.07 66.44 171.90 35.86 170.83 38.29 171.52 49.88 170.85 48.47 171.66 48.83 170.65 60.05 176.32 125.00 189.51 138.80 206.35 156.10 258.0 320.0 277.0o 250.2 208.2 179.8 83.4 188.8 121.1 115.0 195.1 245.7 190.4 204.0 167.0 154.4 146.1 105.8 109.6 165.3 138.2 106.0 92.5 87.0 62.0 118.o 215.0 330.0 167.1 179.0 168.5 155.9 146.0 136.0 81.6 119.0 107.1 104.0 157.6 150.0 149.9 146.0 133.9 128.0 116.5 106.1 88.2 127.2 120.5 113.1 103.5 95.5 85.0 3.18 2.98 3.16 3.42 3.66 3.92 6.54 4.49 4.96 5.12 3.38 3.56 3.56 3.64 3.99 4.18 4.58 5.02 6.04 4.18 4.43 4.70 5.14 5.59 6.27,,,, 6.28 5.83 6.61 7.45 8.25 9.22 16.90 11.31 12.21 13.10 5.74 6.00 6.36 6.92 7.91 8.60 10.20 11.75 15.05 6.45 7.30 8.60 10.10 11.59 13.90 22.65 27.15 20.59 13.48 10.80 7.85 5.00 3.69 3.30 28.49 26.24 22.45 17.92 12.92 9.55 6.63 4.55 1.74 21.05 14.99 10.50 7.10 5.o6 3.10 Not Readable *ncludes Steel Leads Includes Steel Leads

TABLE 9 COIL NO. 4 Dr = 5/8 inch, FIN HEIGHT = 3/16 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED DATA Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow- Vt t, At,,,xlO"3 144 / Gallons/m inF F Btu/r hr B- ftF (1+0.Olltw) W08 #/in2 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 U'.) 184 H 185 186 187 188 189 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 204 205 206 207 208 * Wilson Plot Run it 11 n t1 M t If tf Capacity Run f! 4780 4375 4055 3540 2165 2701 2554 1055 1260 1710 2125 2600 3025 3340 4815 4230 3850 3480 3010 3250 2680 2310 1990 1410 1510 1960 1875 2920 3080 4565 9.62 8.80 8.15 7.12 4.35 5.43 5.13 2.12 2.53 3.44 4.27 5.23 6.08 6.71 9.68 8.50 7.74 7.00 6.05 6.52 5.38 4.65 4.00 2.84 3.04 13.25 12.15 11.28 9.85 6.03 7.50 7.10 2.93 3.50 4.75 5.91 7.23 8.41 9.28 13.40 11.76 10.70 9.67 8.37 9.03 7.45 6.42 5.4k3 3.92 4.20 5.45 5.21 8.12 8.57 12.70 121.69 122.23 122.20 122.09 122.83 121.95 122.13 122.43 122.23 121.91 122.00 121.89 122.00 121.78 122.20 122.22 122.14 121.50 121.33 122.40 121.93 122.49 122.04 122.45 122.45 93.65 93.70 95.00 95.20 94.50 78.48 79.83 87.41 98.35 116.28 104.89 109.46 111.19 105.71 94.91 89.23 82.21 76.54 71.19 54.14 59.92 42.12 44.50 47.03 48.46 51.12 55.40 59.49 64.64 65.47 100.22 100.37 101.74 101.63 99.81 85.39 83.93 85.41 86.53 84.40 84.42 85.32 65.57 67.16 67.30 68.44 68.02 68.60 68.18 66.87 67.41 48.51 49.55 48.83 47.77 48.85 4.9.28 48.94 46.96 48.24 77.15 77.00 90.40 92.05 108.20 207.09 206.09 207.61 208.61 207.23 206.37 207.45 188.01 189.39 189.21 190.44 189.91 190.60 189.97 189.07 189.63 170.65 171.05 170.17 170.17 170.78 171.77 170.98 169.41 170.71 170.85 170.62 185.40 187.36 202.87 375.1 349.2 354.4 348.2 251.7 28343 279.6 117.3 133.2 162.3 189.6 213.7 231.5 237.8 246.2 253,5 162.2 154.9 141.6 157.5 137.0 128.0 118.4 91.1 98.9 196.4 188.2 297.0 313.0 455.6 167.50 157.60 157.80 152.90 113.60 127.60 122.70 67.98 75.28 91.53 105.20 118.10 128.40 132.50 148.70 142.80 127.00 118.90 110.90 121.,00 106.30 98.75 91.91 73.68 78.23,.. 2.27 2.40 2.41 2.49 3.34 2.98 3.10 5.58 5.05 4.15 3.62 3.21 2.96 2.86 2.56 2.68 2.99 3.20 3.42 3.15 3.56 3.85 4.13 5.15 4.86 4.83 5.17 5.75 6.09 9.50 7.64 7.95 16.30 14.00 11.00 9.25 7.90 6.97 6.47 4.76 5.35 5.75 6.30 7.00 3.62 7.70 8.60 9.72 12.90 12.25 32.42 26.70 23.18 17.56 6.50 10.38 9.65 1.98 2.44 4.35 6.63 10.20 13.55 16.90 33.29 26.11 21.03 17.64 13.61 12.79 10.47 7.98 5.66 2.63 3.05 Includes Steel Leads - --

COIL NO. 5, TABLE 10 Dr = 3/4 inch, FIN HEIGHT - 1/8 inch SUMMARY F EXPERnMETAL AND CAICULATED DATA Run Remarks W Water Flow- V t, At, av AT, Ql'O3, U0 1,4 10 RumNo. sr #/ Rate, ft/sec F tF T OF Btu/hr UOA (1 +001t w~-8 #/in2 Gallons/min F Btu/hr hr - ftZ-'F R) 53) 216 Capacity Run 217 218 219 220 Wilson Plot Run 221 222 223 224 225 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 1630 2180 3205 3185 4825 4340 3940 3580 3185 2915 2600 2240 1935 1480 4000 3640 3190 2907 2585 2215 1985 1639 1165 5415 5020 4637 4140 3830 3455 2877 2480 2115 1900 - 3.02 4.02 5.90 - 5.85 9,65 8.90 8.68 8.oo 7.88 7.26 7.16 6.60 6.37 5.87 5.83 5.38 5.20 4.80 4.48 4.13 3.87 3.56 2.96 2.73 8.oo 7.38 7.28 6.71 6.38 5.89 5.81 5.36 5.17 4.77 4.43 4.08 3.97 3.66 3.27 3.02 2.33 2.15 10.83 10.00 10.04 9.25 9.2r 8.54 8.28 7.64 7.66 7.05 6.91 6.36 5.75 5.30 4.96 4.57 4.23 3.90 3.80 3.50 102.00 101.54 101o.48 101.18 102.60 100.82 101.57 100.44 122.43 47.11 122.72 50.96 121.98 52.81 122.16 56.02 122.13 59.04 121.73 62.64 121.23 67.39 122.02 71.17 122.16 76.55 122.43 82.06 122.16 32.89 121.86 36.04 121.91 38.32 122.11 40.14 122.04 43.49 122.16 47.07 122.95 51.68 121.71 55.12 121.71 61.87 122.34 60.01 121.86 61.72 122.14 63.85 122.14 70.67 122.05 73.75 121.96 76.00 121.96 84.42 121.44 90.90 121.95 96.08 121.90 102.24 185.14 83.14 193.10 91.62 206.35 103.75 205.92 104.35 188.87 66.44 189.05 66.33 189.03 67.05 188.73 66.56 189.21 67.09 189.19 67.46 189.00 67.77 188.92 66.91 189.25 67.09 188.51 66.08 170.08 47.92 170.29 48.42 170.64 48.73 169.95 47.84 170.19 48.15 170.08 47.92 170.22 W7.27 170.31 48.60 169.57 47.61 207.28 84.94 206.96 85.10 206.38 84.24 207.61 85.28 207.00 84.94 206.64 99.96 208.13 86.17 206.56 85.12 207.18 85.23 207.86 85.95 165.3 220.7 322.5 320.0 227.3 221.2 208.1 200.5 188.0 182.6 173.9 159.4 148.1 121.4 131.6 131.2 122.2 116.7 112.4 104.3 102.6 90.3 72.1 325.0 309.8 296.0 292.6 282.5 262.6 242.9 225.4 203.2 194.3 119.5 115.2 107.8 104.8 97.2 93.7 90.0 82.6 77.0 64.o 95.1 94.0 87.1 84.6 81.2 75.5 75.3 64.5 52.5 133.0 126.5 122.0 119.0 115.0 107.3 97.9 92.0 82.7 78.5 2.93 3.01 3.23 3.32 3.57 3.70 3.86 4.20 4.52 5.42 3.65 3.69 3.98 4.09 4.28 4.60 4.62 5.38 6.61 2.62 2.74 2.84 2.91 3.02 3.23 3.55 3.77 4.20 4.43 4.76 5.19 5.62 6.10 6.68 6.90 7.90 8.90 10.90 12.35 5.48 6.00 6.68 7.22 7.90 8.94 9.76 11.49 15.04 4.35 4.63 4.93 5.40 5.73 6.25 7.18 8.18 9.28 19.10 17.24 14.23 11.41 9.78 7.94 6.51 5.07 3.92 2.90 2.04 13.05 9.13 7.93 5.56 4.33 2.98 2.44 1.34 0.52 21.74 18.74 16.18 13.00 10.90 9.19 6.57 5.14 3.80 3.21 Includes Steel Leads Includes Steel Leads ---

TABLE 11 COIL NO. 5A Dr - 3/4 inch, Fin Height - 1/8 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED RESUIS Run Remarks wte W4ter tVt ATT Qx103 U0, 104 104 Flow Btu No". #/r Ga1Min. ft/sec F eF F F Btu/hr hr-tZ-t F Uo (l+oufti)o8 338 Wilson Plot Run 7360 14.72 13.60 122.11 32,51 66.88 188.99 239.3 176.0 2.79 3.45 339 7300 14.60 13.60 122.27 32.74 66.76 189.03 239.0 175.5 2.80 3.46 340 n 6825 13.65 12.60 122.00 34.34 66.67 188.67 241.3 172.5 2.85 3.62 341 n 6480 12.96 12.00 122.20 35.10 66.33 188.53 227.4 16B.2 2.92 3.81 342 5998 12.00 11.09 122.00 38.12 67.03 189.03 228.6 167.0 2.94 4.07 343" 5410 10.82 10.00 122.14 40.25 67.21 189.36 217.8 160.8 3.06 4.40 344 " 4410 8.82 8.15 121.60 47.20 66.90 188.50 208.2 153.0 3.21 5.21 345 n 3380 6.76 6.25 122.27 53.35 66.74 189.01 187.1 137.6 3.57 6.44 346 n 2810 5.62 5.20 122.25 61.56 66.69 188.94 187.3 127.2 3.86 7.44 347 2140 4.28 3.95 121.40 67.40 67.40 188.80 144.2 110.0 4.46 9.25 348 1460 2.92 2.70 122.43 81.14 66.78 189.21 118.5 87.1 5.64 12.56 263 745 1.49 1.38 123.00 130.40 83.00 205.88 97.1 57.5 8.55 21.40 ~. 264 " 834 1.67 1.54 122.68 130.77 86.04 208.72 108.8 62.2 7.90 19.65 373 "6300 12.60 11.65 122.38 23.42 48.45 170.83 266.0 149.5 3.29 3.90 374 5475 10.95 10.10 122.32 26.95 49.05 171.37 147.6 147.5 3.33 4.37 375 4700 9.40 8.10 122.11 28.65 48.76 170.87 282.2 135.8 3.62 4.91 376 4100 8.20 7.58 122.14 31.39 48.33 170.47 128.7 130.5 3.76 5.49 377 3740 7.48 6.90 122.14 36.99 49,55 171.70 138.3 137.2 3.58 5.92 378 2699 5.39 4.98 122.32 41.35 48.38 170.71 111.6 113.0 4.35 7.70 379 2125 4.25 3.92 121.96 47.09 49.82 171.79 100.1 99.0 4.97 9.35 380 1070 2.14 1.98 122.58 62.01 48.58 171.16 66.4 66.5 16.09 7.33 381 " 652 1.30 1.20 122.22 72.14 49.36 171.57 47.0 46.8 10.50 23.80 382 " 7310 14.62 13.50 121.98 44.80 83.92 205.92 327.5 192.0 2.56 3.46 383 6410 12.82 11.85 121.66 49.50 84.;65 206.31 3X7.3 184.5 2.66 3.83 384 " 5160 10.32 9.55 122.47 58.14 84.15 206.62 300.0 17.0 2.81 4.57 385 n 4020 8.04 7.44 122.00 67.34 84.67 206.67 270.7 157.0 3.13 5.59 386" 2735 5.47 5.05 121.86 82.89 84.60 206.46 226.7 131.3 3.74 7.61 387 n 1720 3.43 3.17 122.23 102.49 84.44 206.67 176.3 102.3 4.80 11.00 260 Capacity Runs 978 - 1.80 101.70 101.36 75.56 177.26 99.0 - - 261 " 1940 3.57 98.92 10107 93.55 192.47 196.0 -- 262 " 3060 5.64 97.48 10Q.8 109.70 207.18 308.0 —. 349 " 740 1.36 99.37 100.98 103.00 170.20 74.6351 t 1969 -3.63 99.50 101.00 91.49 191.00 262.0 -- 352 " 3197 - 5.89 95.54 100.50 109.28 204.82 321.0 - -- 353 3176 -5.84 95.39 101.14 110.45 205.84 320.0 -- Copper Leads * -APt, V^/in2 15.26 15.17 12.52 11.40 9.80 8.07 5.54 3.33 2.32 1.27 0.64 0.18 0.24 10.80 8.24 6.2T 4.88 3.64 2.14 1.45 0.32 0.11 14.21 11.05 7.33 4.45 2.21 0.9c ll

TABLE 12 COIL NO. 6 D = 7/8 inch, r Fin Height = 1/8 inch SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CALCULATED RESULTS Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow Vtw t,, 4tQO, AT T104 104 1 No. IlRate, *F * *BtravgIBu #iRa $/hr Gallons/min ft/sec eF *F FF Btu/hr Btu U o (+.0l ) /i hr - ft2 eF 295 Wilson Plot Run 296 " 297 298 " 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 " 307 308 309 310 " 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 3730 3320 2855 2180 1798 4550 4050 3820 3230 2805 2370 1655 722 5750 5890 5290 4800 4810 4110 3740 3200 2700 2110 7.46 5.00 6.64 4.46 5.71 3.83 4.36 2.92 3.59 2.41 9.10 6.10 8.10 5.44 7.64 5.14 6.46 4.34 5.61 3.77 4.74 3.18 3.31 2.22 1.44 0.97 11.50 7.71 11.78 7.90 10.58 7.10 9.60 6.44 9.62 6.46 8.22 5.51 7.48 5.02 6.40 4.30 5.40 3.62 4.22 2.83 121.82 39.01 121.96 41.13 121.68 45.95 122.25 51.71 122.61 56.05 122.36 51.50 122.25 56.75 122.32 56.95 122.07 62.59 122.04 67.75 122.07 73.37 122.04 84.58 121.71 107.35 121.46 6i.11 122.49 64.10 122.00 68.11 123.26 72.81 122.04 72.09 121.69 76.68 121.96 81.14 122.14 86.89 121.57 93.31 121.41 102.60 49.14 48.96 49.72 49.46 48.87 65.48 68.22 65.93 66.04 66.49 66.94 66.83 67.25 84.65 85.37 86.18 84.94 86.26 85.86 85.19 85.25 85.32 85.01 170.96 170.92 171.41 171.72 171.48 187.84 190.47 188.26 188.11 188.53 189.01 188.87 188.96 205.39 207.86 208.18 208.20 208.29 207.55 207.16 207.39 2o6.89 206.42 145.7 136.8 131.1 112.8 101.0 234.3 229.9 217.6 202.3 190.0 173.8 140.1 77.5 351.7 378.0 360.1 349.4 346.6 315.0 303.8 278.0 252.0 216.3 116.5 3.38 110.0 3.58 104.0 3.79 91.1 4.32 81.4 4.84 141.5 2.78 132.5 2.97 130.0 3.03 120.5 3.27 112.9 3.49 102.0 3.86 82.4 4.78 45.5 8.65 164.8 2.39 174.1 2.26 164.8 2.39 161.1 2.44 158.5 2.48 144.8 2.72 140.5 2.80 128.8 3.06 111.8 3.53 100.5 3.92 5.63 10.36 6.50 8.22 7.30 6.62 9.05 4.15 10.22 2.20 5.06 13.08 5.54 10.03 5.77 9.06 6.65 6.86 7.43 5.11 8.53 3.98 11.38 2.21 22.04 0.63 4.04 20.60 3.97 22.26 4.38 18.34 4.75 14.43 4.75 14.47 5.50 10.74 5.90 8.42 6.66 6.56 7.73 4.59 9.30 3.07

COIL NO. 2 TABLE 13 Dr = 1/2 inch Fin Height = 3/16 inch PRESSURE DROP WITH 75 AID 100~F WATER. COPPER LEADS AND MANOMETER Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow tZwo, p No. #/hr Rate, in. H.2 Gallons/min in. H 199 Pressure Drop 437 0.88 74.97 17.00, 0.36 200 476 0.95 75.22 25.68 0.54 201 "568 1.14 75.29 2.58 1.17 202 "729 1.46 75.29 4.23 1.92 203 825 1.65 74.39 5.38 2.44 204 923 1.85 74.21 6.75 3.06 205 1044 2.09 73.85 8.71 3.94 206 1177 2.36 73.67 11.04 5.00 207 1310 2.62 73.40 13.83 6.26 208 1427 2.86 73.31 16.73 7057 209 1593 3.19 73.24 21.05 9.53 210 1716 3.44 72.91 24.29 11.00 211 2021 4.05 72.86 -1568 212 334 0.67 98.92 0O74 0.33 213 525 1.05 99.00 2,04 0.92 214 680 1.37 99.43 3055 1.61 215 867 1.74 99.55 5.95 2.69 216 1000 2.01 100.08 7.92 3.59 217 1157 2.33 99.75 10.94 4.95 218 1303 2.62 99.99 14.06 6.36 219 1454 2.92 100.09 17.54 7.94 220 1603 3.22 99.88 20.94 9.48 221 1746 3.51 99.61 25.97 11.75 222 1879 3.78 99.52 30.20 13.67 223 1997 4.02 99.50 -16.73 224 2205 4.43 99.50 -19.60 225 2423 4.87 99.61 -24,04 226 2680 5.39 99.41 29.30 227 2903 5.84 99.19 32.36 228 3115 6.27 99.88 -36.80 *Inches CC14 Inches CC14 _ _____

COIL NO. 5A TABLE 14 D = 3/4 inch r Fin Height = 1/8 inch PRESSURE DROP WITH 100~F WATER. COPPER LEADS AND MANOMETER Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow tw, AZ, <p No. #/hr Gallons/min F in. Hg. #/in2 Gallons/min 354 Pressure Drop 1179 2.37 99.66 0.59 0.26 355 1353 2.72 99.46 1.03 0.47 356 1673 3.36 99.02 1.63 0.74 357 2048 4.12 100.11 2.63 1.19 358 2300 4.62 99.86 3.54 1.60 359 2544 5.12 100.21 4.40 1.99 360 2929 5.89 99.51 5.89 2.67 361 3260 6.56 99.67 7.64 3.46 362 3503 7.05 100.05 8.99 4.07 363 3700 7.43 99.60 10.02 4.54 364 4024 8.09 99.05 11.49 5.20 365 4242 8.53 99.74 12.71 5.75 366 4504 9.06 99.54 14,09 6.75 367 4790 9.63 99.64 15.63 7o08 368 5097 10.25 100.30 17.25 7.81 369 5408 10.88 99.47 19.24 8.71 370 5705 11.47 100.40 21.22 9.61 371 tI 6459 12.99 99.64 26.54 12.01 372 6870 13.82 99.82 29.44 13.33 i') G\

COIL NO. 6 TABLE 15 D = 7/8 inch r Fin Height = 1/8 inch PRESSURE DROP WITH 100 AND 122F WATER. COPPER LEADS AND MAIMETER Run Remarks Wt, Water Flow tw, A Z, - AP, No. #/hr Rate, i Hg/in2 Gallons/min 240 Pressure Drop 1204 2.42 99045 0.70 0.32 241 1477 2.97 100.45 1.07 0.48 242 1732 3.48 100.06 1.43 0o.65 243 1974.97 99.57 1.83 0.83 244 2340 4.71 99.66 2.48 1.12 245 2915 5.86 99o01 3.73 1.69 246 H 3523 7.09 99.77 5.37 2.41 247 4063 8.17 99.45 6.88 3.12 248 4649 9.35 99.77 8.89 4.02 249 5260 10.58 99.95 11.11 5.03 250 5725 11.51 100.02, 13o03 5.90 251 6190 12.45 99.72 15.12 6.84 252 6623 13.32 99.93 17.00 7.69 253 7120 14.32 99.91 19.58 8.86 254 7469 15.02 100.02 9.65 255 7479 15.04. 99.84 21.45 9.71 256 8114 16.32 99.46 24.87 11.26 257I 8340 16.77 99.66 26.34 11.93 258 1317 2.66 121.26 0.87 0.39 259 2060 4.16 120.96 1.88 o085 260 2703 5.46 121.96 3.14 1.42 261 3424 6.92 121.96 4.90 2.22 262 4070 8.23 121,01 6.73 3.05 263 4696 9'. 59 121.77 8.76 3.96 264 5169 10.45 120.92 10.54 4.77 265 5800 11.72 121.86 12.95 5.86 266 6280 12.69 121.3 14.95 6.77 267 6680 13.50 121.68 16.90 7.65 268 7070 14.29 121.66 18.64 8.44 269 7582 15.32 120.76 21.08 9.55 270 8155 16.48 121.10 24.16 10.94 271 8484 17.14 121.33 25.88 11.72

TABLE 16 STEEL LEAD PRESSURE DROP AT 100~F AND 122~F Water Run Flow -P, tW, No. Rate, #/in2 F.........,~h....,........,#I 1,/,,,.. 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 5291 4911 4525 3727 2704 1941 1180 5035 4452 3538 2731 2013 920 11.74 10.18 8.66 5.85 3.12 1.63 0.64 10.85 8.42 5.29 3.19 1.72 0.41 122.16 121.98 121.77 122.23 122.32 121.89 122.23 100.02 99.91 99.99 99.81 100.09 99.91 28

TABLE 17 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 1 Root Diameter 1/2 inch Fin Height 1/8 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.69 ft. Average Water Temp. 69.88 ~F 0.4395 inch Run Average Water Reynold's Friction -AP/100 ft of Number Wer ateFlow -/p Number, Factor, Tubing, Rate? #/in R Temperature, /hr f /in OF #/ FR.....~~~~~ 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 76.94 75.27 73.99 73.06 72.28 71.64 71.33 71.13 70.61 70.18 69 76 68 t63 68.14 67.86 67.62 66.96 67.75 67.73 67.48 67.66 67.33 67.49 67.46 68.57 68.95 69.17 69.55 72.01 37.70 99.85 135.54 176.95 215.76 266.27 323.35 358.48 416.55 466.93 524.78 554.60 928.18 1241.4 1530.0 1852.8 2173.7 2322.0 2490.3 2686.6 3363.5 3810.9 4131.6 4505.1 4780.6 5074.0 5434.0 5819.0 0.0104 0.0214 0.0349 0.0718 0.105 0.157 0.228 0.282 0.383 0.473 0.579 0.674 1.76 3.20 4.47 6.31 8.37 9.89 11.46 13.42 21.26 27.02 32.10 38.00 43.60 48.30 54.50 61.70 538. 1426. 1936, 2528. 3082. 3804. 4619. 5121. 5951. 6671. 7497. 7923. 13260. 17735. 21859. 26471 31055. 33174. 35579. 38383. 39594. 54446. 59028. 64364. 68300. 72492. 77636. 83136. 0.113 0.033 0.029 0.035 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.038 0.034 0.033 0.032 0.034 0.031 0.032 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.028 0.028 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.053 0.109 0.177 0.365 0.533 0.797 1.16 1.43 1.95 2.40 2.94 3.42 8.94 16.2 22.7 32.0 42.5 50.2 58.2 68.2 108.0 137.2 163.0 193.0 221.4 245.3 276.8 313.4 29

TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 2 Root Diameter 1/2 inch Fin Height 3/16 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.81 ft. Average Water Temp. 68.21 OF 0.446 inch Run Average Water -AP, Reynold's Friction -AP/100 ft Number Water Flow #/in2 Number, Factor, of Tubing, Temperature, Rate, Re f./in2 aF #/hr.e 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 73.42 71.70 70.38 69.52 68.99 69.05 68.56 68.56 68.57 68.53 68.34 68.68 68.41 68.19 67.93 67.91 67.90 67.75 67.49 67.29 67.26 67.39 67.30 69.39 68.15 67.75 67.70 67.90 44.2 93.4 150.0 200.2 219.6 261.1 302.0 343.6 391.3 489.7 505.2 764.2 985.7 1205.6 1423.3 1676.7 1890.8 2073.7 2238.8 2400.0 3145.8 3566.7 3904.6 4093.4 4861.9 4618.5 4362.1 4154.7 0.0092 0.0176 0.0343 0.0778 0.105 0.158 0.212 0.277 0.362 0.455 0.591 1.32 1.94 3.26 4.64 6.35 8.18 9.88 11.55 13.51 23.57 31.30 39.50 56.50 51.29 46.79 40.29 36.09 666 1374 2174 2862 3121 3714 4267 4858 5532 5931 7121 10821 13900 16955 19948 23512 26457 28984 31163 33322 43661 49720 54257 58515 68307 64546 60934 58158 0.078 0.034 0.025 0.032 0.036 0.038 0.038 0.039 0.039 0.043 0.038 0.037 0.033 0.037 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.038 0.039 0.039 0.041 0.039 0.039 0.040 o.o40 0.041 0.039 0.046 o.089 0.173 0.393 0.528 0.798 1.07 1.40 1.83 2.30 3.00 6.65 9.79 16.46 23.43 32.07 41.29 49.86 58.31 68.19 119.0 158 o 182.2 199.4 285.2 258.9 236.2 203.4 30

TABLE i9 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 3 Root Diameter 5/8 inch Fin Height 1/8 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.7,9 ft. Average Water Temp. 68.45 ~F 0.5625 inch Run Average Water -AP, Reynold's Friction -6P/100 ft of Number Water Flow #/i2 Number, Factor, Tubing, Temperature, Rate Re f/in2 F #....../hr. 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 69.81 68.44 68.11 68.45 68.51 68.53 68.33 68.28 68.14 69.99 69.54 69.41 69.47 69.29 69.30 69.25 69 30 69.38 69.25 69.39 67.09 66.58 66.80 66.49 66.31 66.75 67.77 195.8 317.1 404.2 486.2 557.3 620.0 717.8 798.9 927.8 1377.0 1839.0 2293.0 2659.0 3172.0 3582.0 3946.0 4293.0 4589.0 4870.0 5094.0 6771.0 6605.0 7178.0 7291.0 7931.0 8490.0 8831.0 0.016 0.065 0.101 0.147 0.190 0.246 0.314 0.375 0.490 1.01 1.76 2.69 3.56 5.02 6.40 7.71 9.10 10.46 11.82 12.83 23.81 22.56 26.15 27.68 31.27 35.47 37.78 2236 3556 4514 5452 6252 6973 8050 8951 10379 15796 20979 26109 30306 36067 40720 44840 48806 52241 55340 57980 74633 72275 78796 79884 86471 93167 98254 0.022 0.034 0.033 0.033 0.033 0.034 0.032 0.031 0.030 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.028 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.081 0.328 0.510 0.743 0.960 1.243 1.587 1.895 2.476 5.103 8.893 13.59 17.99 25.37 32.34 38.95 45.98 52.85 59.72 64.83 120.3 114.0 132.1 139.8 158.0 179.2 190.9

TABLE 20 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 4 Root Diameter 5/8 inch Fin Height 3/16 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.77 ft. Average Water Temp. 68.00 OF 0.546 inch Run Average Water -lP, Reynold's Friction -4P/100 ft Number Water Flow #/in2 Number, Factor, of Tubing, Temperature, Rate, Re f#/in2 ~F -/hr. ~ _l i! I'... k, I, I, I I I I! I I l I I,, I.II I l, I I I _ I I I Ilr I L I 1I 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 141 142 143 71.94 70.21 69.85 69.62 69.39 69.06 68.92 67.87 67.64 67.42 67.35 66.97 66.74 66.81 66.94 66.81 66.90 66.99 66.90 67.05 67.06 67.12 68.52 67.75 68.13 74.8 247.3 287.4 358.8 432.6 517.2 600.2 688.3 778.1 867.9 949.2 1285.1 1826.4 2219.5 2713.6 3132.5 3656.1 4085.6 4486.o 4796.8 5166.9 5830.0 6832.2 7312.5 7819.5 0.0057 0.0246 0.0486 0.0811 0.118 0.168 0.229 0.288 0.366 0.452 0.535 0.934 1.85 2.74 4.07 5.40 7.42 9.28 11.22 12.92 14.71 19.14 26.10 30.00 34,50 909 2937 3396 4226 5078 6048 6998 7910 8577 9914 10828 14583 20659 25130 30779 35846 41450 46382 50865 54497 58700 66322 79224 83898 90197 0.047 0.018 0.027 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.023 0.025 0.026 0.025 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.029 0.124 0.246 0.410 0.598 0.850 1.159 1.456 1.854 2.284 2.707 4.722 9.372 13.84 20.56 27.32 37.51 46.92 56~75 65.35 74.40 96.81 132.0 151.7 174.5 32

TABLE 21 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 5 Root Diameter 3/4 inch Fin Height 1/8 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.85 ft. Average Water Temp. 68.07 OF 0.672 Run Average Water -6P, Reynold's Friction -aP/100 ft Number Water Flow #/in2 Number, Factor, of tubing, Temperature, Rate, Re f #/in2. #/hr. 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 71.19 70.61 69.58 69.22 68.97 68.38 68.34 67075 67.68 67.66 67.82 67.66 67.51 67.39 67.28 67.33 66.67 66.87 67.19 66.67 67.32 68.38 189.6 341.3 461.2 598.6 812.6 953.2 1160.2 1299.6 1434.3 1588.0 1354.6 2214.0 3046.7 3862.7 4812.8 5663.9 6275.4 6896,5 7377.0 7923.7 8238.0 9382.0 0.0097 0.033 0.056 0.096 0.166 0.226 0.312 0.383 0.460 0.550 0.402 0.974 1.76 2.71 4.00 5.38 6.51 7.75 8.87 10.0 10.8 13.5 1846 3299 4395 5679 7691 8948 10881 12096 13334 14758 12616 20585 28264 35749 44500 52383 57545 63435 68094 72678 76202 88068 0.035 0.036 0.034 0.034 0.032 0.032 0.030 0.029 0.029 0.028 0.028 0.025 0.024 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.049 0.166 0.284 0.484 0,837 1.13 1.57 1.93 2.31 2.75 2.02 4.91 8.87 13.6 20.1 27.1 32.8 39.0 44o7 5004 54.3 68.2 35

TABLE 22 SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA FOR STRAIGHT TUBE NO. 6 Root Diameter 7/8 inch Fin Height 1/8 inch Nominal Inside Diameter Length 19.79 feet Average Water Temps. and 99.696F 68.40~F 0.7804 inch Run Average Water -AP, Reynolds Friction -8P/100 ft Number Water Flow /in2 Number, Factor, of tubing Temperature, Rate/, Re f/in2 0 #/hr. _ 166 167 168 169 170 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 70.77 69.44 69.06 68.67 68.58 68.49 68.38 68.18 68.09 68.27 68.16 67.87 67.87 67.91 67.91 68.14 68.05 67.93 67.96 67.75 67.32 69.37 68.99 99.70 99.64 99.50 98.40 100.33 99.90 100.04 98.96 100.04 100.11 99.95 159.2 353.9 487.3 755.2 885.8 1051.1 1249.5 1424.6 1574.9 1763.3 1970.3 2160.0 2344.7 2478,2 2588.7 3227.5 4681.4 5825.5 6886.0 7831.8 8619.3 9457.1 10388.0 2017.2 3134.1 4752.5 5909.4 6691.4 7552.4 8366.4 9071.0 9836.0 5376.3 4147.5 0.0059 0.014 0.035 0.069 0.092 0.124 0.170 0.214 0.253 0.320 0.380 0.447 0.514 0.566 0.615 0.901 1.78 2.63 3.59 4.51 5.40 6.32 7.51 0.38 0.86 1.70 2.52 3.29 4.00 4.74 5.59 6.48 2.14 1.33 1329 2898 3974 6128 7176 8508 10102 11481 12675 14225 15871 17324 18808 19906 20788 26000 37671 46785 55328 62763 68681 77407 84638 23887 37057 56134 69380 79753 89587 99358 106632 1168105 63968 49227 0.063 0.032 o.o040 0.033 0.032 0.030 0.030 0.029 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.024 0,022 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.025 0.024 0.020 0.019 0.020 0.019 0,018 0.018.018 0.020 0.021 0.030 0.071 0.179 0.349 0,465 0.626 0.859 1.08 1.28 1.62 1.92 2.26 2.59 2.86 3.11 4,55 8.99 13.28 18.14 22.79 27.29 31.93 37.95 1.92 4.35 8.59 12.73 16.62 20.21 23.95 28.25 32.74 10.81 6.72

AJ Ak 0 I I 0 0 I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.I —--, -~- -- - I^ " - - X - o.._____ X 1 XXI XI I xi I \J1 u I!_ I,~ -t —.. - TRUFIN COIL 2 EFFECT OF ENTRANCE CONDITION ON HEAT TRANSFER RATE LEGEND SYMBOL LEADS AVG. TANK AVG. BULK TEMP. TEMP. X STEEL ITO. S39F 1e22.1 F 0 COPPER 170.98 F 122. 01 F 2 1 1 I T l1 I 111 41 aA f i I a U.'1 9'' - - _.f o. 0 2 4 6 8 10 104 12 14 16 18 20 (I+ 0.01It, ) W'" FIG. 9. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 2

I I 4 5-_ x 4 TRUFIN COIL 2 3 l-0 0 | EFFECT OF ENTRANCE CONDITION >x ON HEAT TRANSFER RATE LEGEND SYMBOL LEADS AV6. TANK AVG. BULK p___~~~______ ~____ ____ ~ TEMP. TEMR X COPPER ISB.TI7F 122.09-F 0 STEEL 190.3 F 122.04 F _ _ _ _.. __ _..___ Oh (DI: o 1 0 I I I I i i I I 0O o 2 4 6 8 10 104 12 14 16 18 20 (I+ 0.011 tS )W t-8 FIG. 10. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 2

7 6 5 4 T oTRUFIN COIL 2 - 4 -- - EFFECT OF ENTRANCE CONDITION to..ON HEAT TRANSFER RATE LEGEND SYMBOL LEADS AVG. TANK AVG. BULK TE MP. TE MP. _ L______~ L_____ ~O L 0 STEEL 207.t7'F 122.0o *F E ~ COPPER 20675 F 122.02 F - -IZIJIII 4 0: 2 I l i I A 0 L 0 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 (I + 0.011tw ) Wt.e FIG. 1I. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 2

7 6 5 4 0 I o 3 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 (I + O. o I Lt.) WO C IL FIG. 12.WILSON PLOT OF COIL I

7 6 5 4 "lo o < 3 0 o 2 TUBING-TRUFIN "O~~ ~ o:.3/16 INCH FIN HEIGHT LEGEND SYMBOL A VG. IAN K COIL BULK TEMP. TEMP. /| // l l l l l l | X 170.5 9 "F 122.16 F | ~ ~/ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~| 0 190.37F 12 2.0 F 4 F /A |207. 67-F 122.06 F 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 (I +-0.011 t ) WT P FIG.13. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 2

7 6 5 4 ~pI- o. o _ 3 3 2 I 0 2 4 6 8 0 12 14 16 18 20 I10 (I + 0.01Itw,,)WT0.' FIG.14.WILSON PLOT OF COIL 3

<: -4 0 20 10 ( I + 0.011 tw ) Wt FIG. 15. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 4

7 6 5 4,,i iiii I I IIIIIIII I I 1 1 H'-1_ _ - 1_....l l l l,, H l/-,. ii,,,,,, - - - l TUBING- TRUFIN y 0 0li / O /4 INCH ROOT DIAMETER 7i —0 - 1/S INCH FIN HEIGHT l / 2,^ - | l l l LEGEND --- --- -I —- --- --- --- --- ---- SYMBOL AVG. TANK COIL BULK | | TEMP. TEMP. X 170O.18 *r, *.09 "IF E1 1" 11~Tl I I III0 IS ISF IT2.IO* I A S07.14P I'II. If 14c 0i 3 2 I 0 0 2 4 6 * 10 12 14 16 18 20 104 (I +o0.01 oll ) WFIG. 16. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 5

I 6 5 4 r xl- l - ___________ —____ 0., A _- TUBING- TRUFIN 5 -- -- --- S ~ /- - - - 3/4 INCH ROOT DIAMETER - I/I INCH FIN HEIGHT ---.1. -- --- - --- - — LEGEND SYMBOL AVE. TANK COIL BULK 2 j L.^1^.^ TEMP. TEMP. X II.16' 122.24 T A 206.44 TF 122.04 10. __ z z z i z z z I I 0 C I I I I I l l I A r~~~~~~~~-.A I J z 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 104 (I + 0.011t,) WT~0' FIG. 17. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 5 A

I ---- - I I I I 1 H, 0 I0I A 0 + o I^ |TUBING - TRUFIN - -.o_ _ - -^ | 7/A INO MrOOT otIAETR |. -- -.... - ii- -- LEGEND If SL A *// I I I I I I YMBOL AV.'TANK CML SULK T\EMP_ TlIMP.; / / { { l I I t | x 171.o- OFY- |2.11 1|1'1 1 1 1 1 1 1?.OF It.l.F ~^ AtIOt?. IIOS.US C -- - -- - -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - ----- -p4 a 4 6 10 12 14 16 t20 (I + 0.01 It,) WtO FIG. 18. WILSON PLOT OF COIL 6

22 200 4[ 180 II I 160 0A G | A /TUBING-TRUFIN |140 |I 1/2 INCH ROOT DIAMETER _ *AO l l l l | /O ] 1 / ~~1/8 INCH FIN HEIGHT 0. -- ___ ___ _ x_/-x- - | LEGEND /SYMeOL AV. TANK COIL BULK 120 I- A 170.69.F 122.43 -F I- ____ ____ X ISI.1 6 7 I.12 05 F:3 0 0 |t. le. * - - - - /' — -i o I I I I I- -- - - I I 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 Vt, WATER VELOCITY, FT./SEC. FIG.20. VARIATION OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL I

150 140 130 120 110 TUBING-TRUFIN 1/2 INCH ROOT DIAMETER 3/16 INCH FIN HEIGHT XI / R A LEGEND SYMBOL AVG. TANK TEMP COIL BULK TEMP X 170. 59 F 122.16 F 0 190.37 F 122.04~F A 207.67-F 122.06'F w. x <100 0 U) s / x (0 - 0 ox ~x / >/~~x a0 -- ----- - --------- V WATER VELOCITY80, FT/SEC. FIG.21.VARIATION OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL 2 WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL 2_

160 150 I 140 - -/ / *130 - / d 120A ILV ~~~~~x TUBING-TRUFIN E/ / / 5/8 INCH ROOT DIAMETER 5 110 ------ /- 1/8 INCH FIN HEIGHT s /I /~ /l LEGEND I" ---- ---- — / — -U,* --- SYMBOL AV. TANK COIL BULK A VELOCITYA TEMP. TEMP. FI G.22.VT171.ON3 O 2ILVIEF X I St. Ill ~F 112.491F 0 ~20.71 12lt.449F 0 2 4 6 0 10 12 VT,WATER VELOCITY, FT/SEC. FIG.22,VARIATION OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL 3 48

170 160 1 50 1 40 130 120 w UJ wI0 UL cn.0 U. I o 110 100 90 80 TUBING-TRUFIN 5/8 INCH ROOT DIAMETER 3/16 INCH FIN HEIGHT LEGEND SYMBOL A V, TANK COIL BULK TEMP. TEMP. X I70. 63F 122.08'F 0 189.58 F 122.07T A 207.21FF 122.16'F 70 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 U 12 13 14 VT, WATER VELOCITY, FT/SEC. FIG.23. VARIATION OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL 4 49

I \J, 0 w I& 0 to m 0 I(0 uL CU) r I0D 0 I 2 VT FIG. 24 3 4 5 6 WATER VELOCITY, FT/SEC. VARIATION OF OVERALL 7 8 9 10 COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL 5

I 1 80 1 70 160 1 50 140 130 120 < 110 Qc: W 100 wlO0 a LL 90.80 IL I.70 m O 60::3 TUBING -TRUFIN 5/4 INOH ROOT DIAMETER I/S INCH FIN HcrHT LEGEND SYMBOL AVJ. TANK COIL BULK EMP TEMP. X 171.16 * 122.24'F 0 11.1 * 12t.0 lO t20.44F It2.04F 50 4 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 Vr, WATER VELOCITY, FT/SEC. FIG25. VARIATION VELOCITY OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH INSIDE COIL 5A WATER 51

17 6- I IT I I I, I I, * 170 Itr II A a.- A I la 0 A' / I IA^f I1I" < w 4J 120 C 110 m I 10C 0 I-: U. x 80 - f.70 m 70 x 0 / O - -A - A I I TUBING(o/~ / 7/8 INCH R O _,_X 1/~ INCH Fl1 LE( 7~//. SYMBOL AVl. TA / I m ITEMi 7 I 7o/ I-I TRUFIN OT DIAMETER I HEIGHT 3END )NK COIL Cl TEMP OF 122. 1 I t I I: n [ I-I_71 x 171.a ULK'f 501 I00 0 158.76TF A 207.&3' F 122. IIf 122.aSL i I I I i At' 0 I 2 3 4 5 6 7 VT, WATER VELOCITY, FT/SEC. FIG.26 VARIATION OF OVERALL COEFFICIENT WITH WATER VELOCITY INSIDE COIL6 52

80 70 I C) co 1 COL 0 eJ o Cr nw 0. TRUFIN COILS IAND4 LEGEND SYMBOL AVG. BULK TlMP 0 122.49 F X 122.10e F A 99.95 F A I I.s 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 20 25 WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN. FIG.27.VARIATION OF PRESSURE DROP WITH WATER FLOW RATE INSIDE COILS I AND 4 553

80 70 60 50 40 3~///x -o / -..... /1 / /1 30 1O2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 2 U') 20 Q o o7,)(WA / O _ _ W 6'2 TRUFIN COIL 2 i 4 w 4 LEGEND a. 3 S —---— //x —---— / —- YMBOL LEADS AVG. COIL TEh 0 STEEL 122.14 F 2 --- ----- / ---- --- -- X COPPER 122.04' F I 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 20 WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN FIG.28. VARIATION OF PRESSURE DROP WITH WATER FLOW RATE, COIL 2 IPR 30 54

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 TRUFIN COIL 3 LEGEND SYMBOL AVG. BULK TEMP. 0 122 *F z d (/) C, o _J C, CL 0 Q 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN FIG.29. VARIATION OF PRESSURE DROP WITH WATER FLOW RATE COIL 3 55

TRUFIN COILS 5,5A LEGEND WBOL AVG. BULK TEMP. ) 122.050 F syh C 30 20 15 x 122.17 F 99.72 F *'~ ( 10 Z. o 8 V) n 7 0 4 W LJ w ar CL 2 I.S5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25 WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN. FIG30. VARIATION OF PRESSURE DROP WITH WATER FLOW RATE INSIDE COILS 5 AND 5A 56

60 50 40 TRUFIN COIL 6 LEG E ND SYMBOL AVG. BULK TEMP. 0 122.05 F A 99.73 F x 121.45~ F "r () 15 Z cn Cl) 10 fnl o -i a0 0 7 cr: 0 6 w LJ CO LC 4 w. a 2 9 1.5 2 3 4 s 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 3c WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN. FIG.31.VARIATION OF PRESSURE DROP WITH WATER FLOW RATE INSIDE COIL 6 57

40 0 C, U).J G, 0 CO a: n n, WATER FLOW RATE, GAL/MIN FIG.32. VARIATION OF PRESSURE WATER FLOW RATE INSIDE DROP COIL WITH 2 58