http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/58620 Search the Channel search http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60185 Title: Sleep and circadian rhythms in mood<br/><br/>Authors: Armitage, R<br/><br/>Abstract: Objective: Self-reported sleep disturbances are present in over 80% ofpatients with depression. However, sleep electroencephalography(EEG) findings, based on overnight polysomnography have not alwaysdifferentiated depressed patients from healthy individuals.Method: The present paper will review the findings on sleep EEGstudies in depression highlighting how recent technological andmethodological advances have impacted on study outcomes.Results: The majority of studies, including our own work, do indicatethat sleep homeostasis and sleep EEG rhythms are abnormal indepression, but the sleep disturbances were strongly moderated bygender and age. Melancholic features of depression correlatedsignificantly with low slow-wave activity in depressed men, but not indepressed women. Women with depression showed low temporalcoherence of sleep EEG rhythms but the presence or absence ofmelancholic features did not influence correlations.Conclusion: Diagnostic classification schemas and clinical features ofdepression may influence sleep EEG findings, but gender may be amore important consideration. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60184 Title: The Neurobiology of Depression: Perspectives<br/><br/>Authors: Shaffery, James; Hoffmann, Robert; Armitage, Roseanne<br/><br/>Abstract: This article reviews human and animal studies in the neurobiology of depression. The etiology of the illness,associated neurotransmitter dysregulation, sex steroids, the role of stress, and sleep regulation are discussed.It is suggested that the genesis of depression is related to homeostatic maladaptation that is sexuallydimorphic. The authors propose that depressed females are hyperresponsive to stress, whereasdepressed males are hyporesponsive to stress. This divergence reflects the exaggeration of naturallyoccurring differences between males and females, which are most obvious under challenge conditions. Theauthors conclude that future work in this area should fully evaluate sexual dimorphism, neural plasticity, criticalperiods, and individual differences in vulnerability. NEUROSCIENTIST 9(1):82–98, 2003. DOI: 10.1177/1073858402239594 http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60183 Title: Gender and age effects on slow-wave activity in childhood and adolescent depression<br/><br/>Authors: Armitage, R; Emslie, G; Hoffmann, R; Rintelmann, J; Moore, J; Kerley, E http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/60182 Title: Quantitative EEG amplitude across REM sleep<br/><br/>Authors: Liscombe, Marcus; Hoffmann, Robert; Trivedi, Madhukar; Parker, Marc; Rush, John; Armitage, Roseanne<br/><br/>Abstract: Objective: To determine if there are significant differences in the temporal organization of rapid eyemovement (REM) sleep microarchitecture between healthy controls and outpatients with major depressivedisorder (MDD). Methods: Forty age-matched subjects, 20 men and 20 women, half with MDD,were selected from an archive of sleep electroencephalography (EEG) data collected under identical conditions.Each participant spent 2 consecutive nights in the Sleep Study Unit of the University of TexasSouthwestern Medical Center at Dallas, the first of which served as adaptation. The average amplitude ineach of 5 conventional EEG frequency bands was computed for each REM period across the second night.Data were then coded for group and sex. Results: Aside from REM latency, none of the key sleepmacroarchitectural variables differentiated MDD patients from controls. REM latency was longest in menwith MDD. Sleep microarchitecture, however, did show a number of between-group differences. In general,slower frequencies declined across REM periods, with a significant REM period effect for delta, thetaand alpha amplitude. Group × sex interactions were also obtained for theta and alpha. Beta activityshowed a unique temporal profile in each group, supported by a significant REM period × group × sexinteraction. In addition, the temporal change in theta amplitude across REM periods was most striking inwomen with MDD. Conclusions: This study suggests that, like during non-REM sleep, EEG amplitudeshows a systematic temporal change over successive REM sleep periods and also shows elements that areboth disease- and sex-dependent.Objectif : Déterminer s’il y a des différences significatives dans l’organisation temporelle de la micro-architecturedu sommeil paradoxal entre des témoins en bonne santé et des patients en service externe atteintsde trouble dépressif majeur (TDM). Méthodes : Quarante sujets jumelés selon l’âge, soit 20 hommes et 20femmes, dont la moitié étaient atteints de TDM, ont été choisis dans une archive de données électroencéphalographiques(EEG) sur le sommeil recueillies dans des conditions identiques. Chaque participanta passé deux nuits consécutives à l’Unité d’étude du sommeil du Centre médical de l’Université du sudouestdu Texas à Dallas, dont la première a servi de période d’adaptation. On a calculé l’amplitude moyennede chacune des cinq bandes classiques de fréquence EEG pour chaque période de sommeil paradoxal au