http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/62180 2013-06-20T00:06:57Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/98079 Origins of Mexican Malpighiaceae Anderson, William R The approximately 42 lineages of Malpighiaceae currently known in Mexico are identified and briefly described and discussed. All the Mexican lineages have their ultimate roots in South America, although in some cases the connections are inferred only through phylogeny and several Mexican genera probably originated in Mexico. All the lineages have effective adaptations for dispersal except the genus Galphimia, but distributions outside Mexico and a phylogenetic tree suggest that while many Malpighiaceae reached Mexico through “stepping-stone” dispersal, some lineages probably arrived as the result of episodes of long-distance dispersal from South America. 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/94302 Plant DNA Barcodes, Taxonomic Management and Species Discovery in Tropical Forests Dick, Christopher W.; Webb, Campbell O. DNA barcodes have great potential for species identification and taxonomic discovery in tropical forests. This use of DNA barcodes requires a reference DNA library of known taxa with which to match DNA from unidentified specimens. At an even more basic level, it presupposes that the species in the regional species pool have Latin binomials. This is not the case in species-rich tropical forests in which many species are new to science or members of poorly circumscribed species complexes. This chapter describes a work- flow geared toward taxonomic discovery, which includes the discovery of new species, distribution records, and hybrid forms, and to management of taxonomic entities in forest inventory plots. It outlines the roles of laboratory technicians, field workers and herbarium-based taxonomists, and concludes with a discussion of potential multilocus nuclear DNA approaches for identifying species in recently evolved clades. 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/92471 Anonymous and EST-based microsatellite DNA markers that transfer broadly across the fig genus (Ficus, Moraceae) Heer, Katrin; Machado, Carlos A.; Himler, Anna G.; Herre, E. Allen; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Dick, Christopher W. • Premise of the study: We developed a set of microsatellite markers for broad utility across the species-rich pantropical tree genus Ficus (fig trees). The markers were developed to study population structure, hybridization, and gene flow in neotropical species. • Methods and Results: We developed seven novel primer sets from expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries of F. citrifolia and F. popenoei (subgen. Urostigma sect. Americana) and optimized five previously developed anonymous loci for cross-species amplification. The markers were successfully tested on four species from the basal subgenus Pharmacosycea sect. Pharmaco- sycea (F. insipida, F. maxima, F. tonduzii, and F. yoponensis) and seven species of the derived subgenus Urostigma (F. citrifolia, F. colubrinae, F. costaricana, F. nymphaeifolia, F. obtusifolia, F. pertusa, and F. popenoei). The 12 markers amplified consis- tently and displayed polymorphism in all the species. • Conclusions: This set of microsatellite markers is transferable across the phylogenetic breadth of Ficus, and should therefore be useful for studies of population structure and gene flow in approximately 750 fig species worldwide. 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/84019 Revision of Ryssopterys and transfer to Stigmaphyllon (Malpighiaceae) Anderson, Christiane Molecular evidence shows the Old World genus Ryssopterys (Malpighiaceae) nested within the New World genus Stigmaphyllon; therefore, Ryssopterys is here transferred to Stigmaphyllon as subg. Ryssopterys. The subgenera share most vegetative and fruit characters. Subgenus Stigmaphyllon comprises 92 species characterized by hermaphrodite, bilaterally symmetrical flowers. Subgenus Ryssopterys includes 21 species that appear androdioecious but are probably functionally dioecious; the flowers are either hermaphrodite but likely functionally female, owing to inaperturate pollen, or male with a rudimentary gynoecium. All species have radially symmetrical flowers in which all parts of each floral whorl are equal; they lack calyx glands as well as the stylar folioles common in subg. Stigmaphyllon, for which the genus is named. The range of subg. Ryssopterys encompasses Indonesia (except Borneo and Sumatra), New Guinea, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia, Vanuatu, the Solomon Islands, Micronesia, Palau, and the Philippines; S. timoriense has also been recorded from Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands. An overview of the two subgenera is given. For subg. Ryssopterys summaries of the taxonomic history and morphology, as well as descriptions, a subgeneric key and regional keys, distribution maps, and illustrations of the novelties are provided. Twelve new combinations are proposed: Stigmaphyllon subg. Ryssopterys, S. abutilifolium, S. albidum, S. angustifolium, S. australiense, S. dealbatum, S. discolor, S. grandifolium, S. gymnopodum, S. intermedium, S. taomense, S. timoriense. Ten new species are described: S. brassii, S. mackeeanum, S. mariae, S. mcphersonii, S. merrillii, S. micranthum, S. papuanum, S. pullenii, S. solomonense, S. sundaicum. 2011-04-12T00:00:00Z