http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/85215 2013-05-24T05:28:48Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74936 Dimensionality, internal consistency and interrater reliability of clinical performance ratings Maxim, B. R.; Dielman, T. E. A total of 6 444 ratings of the financial performance of 4 2 4 third- and fourth-year medical students were made by house officers and attending teachers during 12 separate internal medicine rotations. Ratings were based on 13 behaviourally anchored rating scales. One rating was randomly selected per student per evaluator type (house officer and attending teacher) during each of the 12 rotation periods. Ratings were factor analysed separately within each rotation period. Two factors emerged consistently, and congruence coefficients across the 12 occasions were high (0.88 or greater). The factors were labelled ‘problem-solving (10 items) and ‘interpersonal skills’ (three items) on the basis of their content. Internal consistency coefficients of the indices constructed from items in the two factors and the total of the 13 items were high (0.9 or greater) and did not differ substantially when computed separately on the ratings from house officers and attending teachers. Interrater reliabilities on the individual items ranged from 0.14 to 0.33. 1987-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/67751 A Criterion-Referenced Approach to Measuring Medical Problem Solving Wolf, Frederic; Allen, Nancy; Cassidy, James; Maxim, Bruce; Davis, Wayne A criterion-referenced approach was used to examine the validity of a set of 15 Patient Management Problems (PMPs) representing a broad range of medical problems. Results of performance of 175 medical students indicated that a new problem-solving index that includes an open-ended differential diagnosis section had greater validity than the more traditional proficiency index, as the spread between the distributions of masters and nonmasters was greater for the problemsolving index. Implications for medical education and research are discussed. 1985-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/55246 CASMIL: a comprehensive software/toolkit for image-guided neurosurgeries This research was supported in part by a research grant from Michigan Life Sciences Corridor (Grant No MEDC-459). Kaur, Gulsheen; Tan, Jun; Alam, Mohammed; Chaudhary, Vipin; Chen, Dingguo; Dong, Ming; Eltahawy, Hazem; Fotouhi, Farshad; Gammage, Christopher; Gong, Jason; Grosky, William; Guthikonda, Murali; Hu, Jingwen; Jeyaraj, Devkanak; Jin, Xin; King, Albert; Landman, Joseph; Lee, Jong; Li, Qing Hang; Lufei, Hanping; Morse, Michael; Patel, Jignesh; Sethi, Ishwar; Shi, Weisong; Yang, King; Zhang, Zhiming Background CASMIL aims to develop a cost-effective and efficient approach to monitor and predict deformation during surgery, allowing accurate, and real-time intra-operative information to be provided reliably to the surgeon. Method CASMIL is a comprehensive Image-guided Neurosurgery System with extensive novel features. It is an integration of various modules including rigid and non-rigid body co-registration (image-image, image-atlas, and image-patient), automated 3D segmentation, brain shift predictor, knowledge based query tools, intelligent planning , and augmented reality. One of the vital and unique modules is the Intelligent Planning module, which displays the best surgical corridor on the computer screen based on tumor location, captured surgeon knowledge, and predicted brain shift using patient specific Finite Element Model. Also, it has multi-level parallel computing to provide near real-time interaction with iMRI (Intra-operative MRI). In addition, it has been securely web-enabled and optimized for remote web and PDA access. Results A version of this system is being used and tested using real patient data and is expected to be in use in the operating room at the Detroit Medical Center in the first half of 2006. Conclusion CASMIL is currently under development and is targeted for minimally invasive surgeries. With minimal changes to the design, it can be easily extended and made available for other surgical procedures. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 2006-06-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48832 Rectangular renormalization Prentis, J. J.; Elenbogen, Bruce S. A generalized real-space renormalization scheme is developed for geometrical critical phenomena. The renormalization group is parametrized by the standard length-scaling factor and a new rectangular area-fraction factor. This rectangular renormalization scheme utilizes relatively small rectangular sublattices to effectively renormalize large square lattices. With the area-fraction factor, one can systematically study rectangular generalizations of the conventional square-cell renormalization theories. Application to self-avoiding random walks yields critical descriptors that are comparable to, and in most cases better than previous results obtained from more complex renormalization schemes. 1995-10-07T00:00:00Z