Decreasing Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Increasing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Compliance and Eating a Diabetic Diet

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders, affecting an estimated 20 to 30 million Americans. Seventy percent of all patients with OSA are obese and eighty six percent of all obese patients with type 2 diabetes have OSA. The prevalence of OSA increases with age, with a higher prevalence in persons 65 years and older. However, few educational materials have targeted on the Aged Obese Diabetic OSA patient. The purpose of this project is to develop the theory based educational video for patients newly diagnosed with OSA at the University of Michigan Center for Sleep Disorders. The inclusion criteria encompasses patients aged 65 and older, with a BMI >30, insulin dependent diabetic, and an apnea hypopnea index >15.The patients also have completed a baseline polysomnogram and are scheduled to return to the lab for a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) titration. Social Cognitive Theory was utilized for this project. The video will address not only the knowledge of OSA and diabetic nutrition but also the benefits and the strategies used to increase CPAP compliance and to increase healthy diabetic dieting in patients with OSA. The proposed research design is a pre-posttest, accessing the impact of watching the developed video at home, on wearing CPAP every night and eating 3 healthy diabetic meals per day. Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, knowledge of OSA, how to use CPAP, and the contents of diabetic diet will be measured.