Ignoring ‘downstream infection’ in the evaluation of harm reduction interventions for injection drug users
dc.contributor.author | Pollack, Harold A. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2006-09-08T20:35:02Z | |
dc.date.available | 2006-09-08T20:35:02Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2001-04 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Pollack, Harold A.; (2001). "Ignoring ‘downstream infection’ in the evaluation of harm reduction interventions for injection drug users." European Journal of Epidemiology 17(4): 391-395. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/42661> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0393-2990 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1573-7284 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/42661 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=11767966&dopt=citation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Harm reduction interventions to reduce blood-borne disease incidence among injection drug users (IDUs). A common strategy to estimate the long-term impact of such interventions is to examine short-term incidence changes within a specific group of individuals exposed to the intervention. Such evaluations may overstate or understate long-term program effectiveness, depending upon the relationship between short-term and long-term incidence and prevalence. This short paper uses steady-state comparisons and a standard random-mixing model to scrutinize this evaluation approach. It shows that evaluations based upon short-term incidence changes can be significantly biased. The size and direction of the resulting bias depends upon a simple rule. For modest interventions, such analyses yield over-optimistic estimates of program effectiveness when steady-state disease prevalence exceeds 50% absent intervention. When steady-state prevalence is below 50%, such analyses display the opposite bias. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 115035 bytes | |
dc.format.extent | 3115 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.format.mimetype | text/plain | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | Kluwer Academic Publishers; Springer Science+Business Media | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Medicine & Public Health | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Public Health/Gesundheitswesen | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Cardiology | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Infectious Diseases | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Oncology | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Epidemiology | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Epidemiological Modeling | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Harm Reduction | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Hepatitis C | en_US |
dc.subject.other | HIV | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Injection Drug Use | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Secondary Infection | en_US |
dc.title | Ignoring ‘downstream infection’ in the evaluation of harm reduction interventions for injection drug users | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Public Health | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Health Sciences | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | University of Michigan School of Public Health, SPH II, 109 Observatory, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationumcampus | Ann Arbor | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 11767966 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42661/1/10654_2004_Article_384037.pdf | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012790230000 | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | European Journal of Epidemiology | en_US |
dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
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