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Seedling survival in a northern temperate forest understory is increased by elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and atmospheric nitrogen deposition

dc.contributor.authorSefcik, Lesley T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZak, Donald R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorEllsworth, David S.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-06-01T20:57:25Z
dc.date.available2010-06-01T20:57:25Z
dc.date.issued2007-01en_US
dc.identifier.citationSEFCIK, LESLEY T.; ZAK, DONALD R.; ELLSWORTH, DAVID S. (2007). "Seedling survival in a northern temperate forest understory is increased by elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and atmospheric nitrogen deposition." Global Change Biology 13(1): 132-146. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74051>en_US
dc.identifier.issn1354-1013en_US
dc.identifier.issn1365-2486en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74051
dc.description.abstractWe tested the main and interactive effects of elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO 2 ]), nitrogen (N), and light availability on leaf photosynthesis, and plant growth and survival in understory seedlings grown in an N-limited northern hardwood forest. For two growing seasons, we exposed six species of tree seedlings ( Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, Acer saccharum , Fagus grandifolia , Pinus strobus , and Prunus serotina ) to a factorial combination of atmospheric CO 2 (ambient, and elevated CO 2 at 658 Μmol CO 2  mol −1 ) and N deposition (ambient and ambient +30 kg N ha −1  yr −1 ) in open-top chambers placed in an understory light gradient. Elevated CO 2 exposure significantly increased apparent quantum efficiency of electron transport by 41% ( P <0.0001), light-limited photosynthesis by 47% ( P <0.0001), and light-saturated photosynthesis by 60% ( P <0.003) compared with seedlings grown in ambient [CO 2 ]. Experimental N deposition significantly increased light-limited photosynthesis as light availability increased ( P <0.037). Species differed in the magnitude of light-saturated photosynthetic response to elevated N and light treatments ( P <0.016). Elevated CO 2 exposure and high N availability did not affect seedling growth; however, growth increased slightly with light availability ( R 2 =0.26, P <0.0001). Experimental N deposition significantly increased average survival of all species by 48% ( P <0.012). However, seedling survival was greatest (85%) under conditions of both high [CO 2 ] and N deposition ( P <0.009). Path analysis determined that the greatest predictor for seedling survival in the understory was total biomass ( R 2 =0.39, P <0.001), and that carboxylation capacity ( V cmax ) was a better predictor for seedling growth and survival than maximum photosynthetic rate ( A max ). Our results suggest that increasing [CO 2 ] and N deposition from fossil fuel combustion could alter understory tree species recruitment dynamics through changes in seedling survival, and this has the potential to alter future forest species composition.en_US
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dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.rights© 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.subject.otherElevated CO 2en_US
dc.subject.otherGrowthen_US
dc.subject.otherLight-limitationen_US
dc.subject.otherN-limitationen_US
dc.subject.otherNitrogenen_US
dc.subject.otherNorthern Hardwood Speciesen_US
dc.subject.otherPath Analysisen_US
dc.subject.otherPhotosynthesisen_US
dc.subject.otherShade Toleranceen_US
dc.subject.otherSurvivalen_US
dc.titleSeedling survival in a northern temperate forest understory is increased by elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and atmospheric nitrogen depositionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelEcology and Evolutionary Biologyen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelGeology and Earth Sciencesen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScienceen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumSchool of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1041, USAen_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74051/1/j.1365-2486.2006.01293.x.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01293.xen_US
dc.identifier.sourceGlobal Change Biologyen_US
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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