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Microsphere embolism-induced cortical cholinergic deafferentation and impairments in attentional performance

dc.contributor.authorCraft, Tara K. S.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMahoney, John H.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDeVries, A. Courtneyen_US
dc.contributor.authorSarter, Martinen_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-06-01T21:22:21Z
dc.date.available2010-06-01T21:22:21Z
dc.date.issued2005-06en_US
dc.identifier.citationCraft, Tara K. S.; Mahoney, John H.; DeVries, A. Courtney; Sarter, Martin (2005). "Microsphere embolism-induced cortical cholinergic deafferentation and impairments in attentional performance." European Journal of Neuroscience 21(11): 3117-3132. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74436>en_US
dc.identifier.issn0953-816Xen_US
dc.identifier.issn1460-9568en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74436
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=15978021&dopt=citationen_US
dc.description.abstractIschemic events have been hypothesized to play a critical role on the pathogenesis of dementia and the acceleration of cognitive impairments. This experiment was designed to determine the consequences of microvascular ischemia on the cortical cholinergic input system and associated attention capacities. Injections of microspheres (≈50 µm diameter; ≈5000 microspheres/100 µL) into the right common carotid artery of rats served as a model of microvascular ischemia and resulted in decreases in the density of cholinergic fibers in the ipsilateral medial prefrontal cortex and frontoparietal areas. Furthermore, dense astrogliosis, indicated by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry, was observed in the globus pallidus, including the areas of origin of cholinergic projections to the cortex. Fluoro-Jade B staining indicated that loss of neurons in the cortex was restricted to areas of microsphere-induced infarcts. Attentional performance was assessed using an operant sustained attention task; performance in this task was previously demonstrated to reflect the integrity and activity of the cortical cholinergic input system. Embolized animals' performance was characterized by a decrease in the animals' ability to detect signals. Their performance in non-signal trials remained unaffected. The residual density of cholinergic axons in prefrontal and frontoparietal areas correlated with the animals' performance. The present data support the hypothesis that microvascular ischemia results in loss of cortical cholinergic inputs and impairs associated attentional performance. Microsphere embolism represents a useful animal model for studying the role of interactions between microvascular disorder and impaired forebrain cholinergic neurotransmission in the manifestation of cognitive impairments.en_US
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dc.format.extent3109 bytes
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dc.publisherBlackwell Science Ltden_US
dc.rights2005 Federation of European Neuroscience Societiesen_US
dc.subject.otherAcetylcholineen_US
dc.subject.otherAttentionen_US
dc.subject.otherCortexen_US
dc.subject.otherIschemiaen_US
dc.subject.otherMicrosphere Embolismen_US
dc.subject.otherStrokeen_US
dc.titleMicrosphere embolism-induced cortical cholinergic deafferentation and impairments in attentional performanceen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelNeurosciencesen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciencesen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, 525 E. University Ave, 4032 East Hall, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAen_US
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Ohio, USAen_US
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado, USAen_US
dc.identifier.pmid15978021en_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74436/1/j.1460-9568.2005.04136.x.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04136.xen_US
dc.identifier.sourceEuropean Journal of Neuroscienceen_US
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