View Item 

Show simple item record

Environmental variation has stronger effects than plant genotype on competition among plant species

dc.contributor.authorJohnson, Marc T. J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Alice Y.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHunter, Mark D.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-06-01T21:34:46Z
dc.date.available2010-06-01T21:34:46Z
dc.date.issued2008-09en_US
dc.identifier.citationJohnson, Marc T. J.; Zhou, Alice Y.; Hunter, Mark D. (2008). "Environmental variation has stronger effects than plant genotype on competition among plant species." Journal of Ecology 96(5): 947-955. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74631>en_US
dc.identifier.issn0022-0477en_US
dc.identifier.issn1365-2745en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/74631
dc.description.abstract1.  Competition is a key factor affecting the performance and co-existence of species. Most ecological research on competition treats species’ populations as phenotypically homogenous. However, plant populations typically contain genetic variation for multiple traits and have the potential to rapidly adapt to changing environments. 2.  Recent theoretical and empirical research suggests that such variation and evolution may affect the ecological outcome of competitive interactions. We conducted a series of experiments to test the hypothesis whether genetic variation for competitive traits in a native plant ( Oenothera biennis ) affects the performance and diversity of competing plant species. 3.  In greenhouse and field experiments, the presence of O. biennis reduced the performance and diversity of neighbouring plant species. 4.  In greenhouse experiments, we detected heritable variation in O. biennis for above-ground and below-ground growth, and O. biennis varied genetically in response to competition, indicating the potential for adaptive evolution in response to selection by competitors. 5.  Variation among O. biennis genotypes also affected the performance of neighbouring plants in the greenhouse, whereby genetic variation in O. biennis shoot : root ratio explained up to 41% of the variation in the performance of an exotic grass ( Bromus inermis ). 6.  Despite effects of O. biennis genotype on B. inermis in the greenhouse, variable soil fertility had a much stronger effect on the grass's performance, and there were no effects of O. biennis genotype on neighbouring plants in the field. 7.  Synthesis . Our results show that interspecific competition affected the biomass and diversity of plants, but heritable variation in competitive ability of O. biennis is not expected to affect short-term ecological dynamics in this system. Nevertheless, O. biennis has the potential to influence co-existence over longer timescales by adapting to competitors.en_US
dc.format.extent408543 bytes
dc.format.extent3109 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.format.mimetypetext/plain
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.rightsJournal compilation © 2008 British Ecological Societyen_US
dc.subject.otherCharacter Divergenceen_US
dc.subject.otherCo-evolutionen_US
dc.subject.otherCo-existenceen_US
dc.subject.otherCommunity Geneticsen_US
dc.subject.otherGenetic Correlationen_US
dc.subject.otherPlant Ecologyen_US
dc.subject.otherSpecies Diversityen_US
dc.titleEnvironmental variation has stronger effects than plant genotype on competition among plant speciesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelEcology and Evolutionary Biologyen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScienceen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumEcology and Evolutionary Biology and Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USAen_US
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada;en_US
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0338, USA;en_US
dc.contributor.affiliationotherSchool of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6087, USA; anden_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74631/1/j.1365-2745.2008.01410.x.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01410.xen_US
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Ecologyen_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAarssen, L.W. ( 1983 ) Ecological combining ability and competitive combining ability in plants: toward a general evolutionary theory of coexistence in systems of competition. American Naturalist, 122, 707 – 731.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAarssen, L.W. ( 1989 ) Competitive ability and species coexistence: a ‘plant's-eye’ view. Oikos, 56, 386 – 401.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAarssen, L.W. & Turkington, R. ( 1985 ) Biotic specialization between neighbouring genotypes in Lolium perenne and Trifoium repens from a permanent pasture. Journal of Ecology, 73, 605 – 614.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAbrams, P.A. ( 2006 ) Adaptive change in the resource-exploitation traits of a generalist consumer: the evolution and coexistence of generalists and specialists. Evolution, 60, 427 – 439.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBooth, R.E. & Grime, J.P. ( 2003 ) Effects of genetic impoverishment on plant community diversity. Journal of Ecology, 91, 721 – 730.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCahill Jr., J.F. ( 2003 ) Lack of relationship between below-ground competition and allocation to roots in 10 grassland species. Journal of Ecology, 91, 532 – 540.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCahill Jr., J.F., Kembel, S.W. & Gustafson, D.J. ( 2005 ) Differential genetic influences on competitive effect and response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Ecology, 93, 958 – 967.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceChesson, P. ( 2000 ) Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 31, 343 – 366.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCleland, R.E. ( 1972 ) Oenothera: Cytogenetics and Evolution. Academic Press, New York, NY.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDungey, H.S., Potts, B.M., Whitham, T.G. & Li, H.F. ( 2000 ) Plant genetics affects arthropod community richness and composition: evidence from a synthetic eucalypt hybrid population. Evolution, 54, 1938 – 1946.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFridley, J.D., Grime, J.P. & Bilton, M. ( 2007 ) Genetic identity of interspecific neighbours mediates plant responses to competition and environmental variation in a species-rich grassland. Journal of Ecology, 95, 908 – 915.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFussmann, G.F., Ellner, S.P. & Hairston Jr., N.G. ( 2003 ) Evolution as a critical component of plankton dynamics. The Royal Society of London: Biological Sciences Series B, 270, 1015 – 1022.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGross, K.L. & Werner, P.A. ( 1982 ) Colonizing abilities of biennial plant species in relation to ground cover: implications for their distributions in a successional sere. Ecology, 63, 921 – 931.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHolt, R.D., Grover, J. & Tilman, D. ( 1994 ) Simple rules for interspecific dominance in systems with exploitative and apparent competition. American Naturalist, 144, 741 – 771.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIason, G.R., Lennon, J.J., Pakeman, R.J., Thoss, V., Beaton, J.K., Sim, D.A. & Elston, D.A. ( 2005 ) Does chemical composition of individual Scots pine trees determine the biodiversity of their associated ground vegetation? Ecology Letters, 8, 364 – 369.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson, M.T.J. ( 2007 ) Genotype-by-environment interactions lead to variable selection on life-history strategy in Common Evening Primrose ( Oenothera biennis ). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 20, 190 – 200.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson, M.T.J. ( 2008 ) Bottom-up effects of plant genotype on aphids, ants, and predators. Ecology, 89, 145 – 154.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson, M.T.J. & Agrawal, A.A. ( 2005 ) Plant genotype and environment interact to shape a diverse arthropod community on Evening Primrose ( Oenothera biennis ). Ecology, 86, 874 – 885.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson, M.T.J. & Agrawal, A.A. ( 2007 ) Covariation and composition of arthropod species across plant genotypes of evening primrose ( Oenothera biennis ). Oikos, 116, 941 – 956.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson, M.T.J. & Stinchcombe, J.R. ( 2007 ) An emerging synthesis between community ecology and evolutionary biology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 22, 250 – 257.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceKenward, M.G. & Roger, J.H. ( 1997 ) Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics, 53, 983 – 997.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLaird, R.A. & Schamp, B.S. ( 2006 ) Competitive intransitivity promotes species coexistence. American Naturalist, 168, 182 – 193.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLankau, R.A. & Strauss, S.Y. ( 2007 ) Mutual feedbacks maintain both genetic and species diversity in a plant community. Science, 317, 1561 – 1563.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLevin, B.R. ( 1971 ) The operation of selection in situations of interspecific competition. Evolution, 25, 249 – 264.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLittell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Stroup, W.W. & Wolfinger, R.D. ( 1996 ) SAS System for Mixed Models. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLynch, M. & Walsh, B. ( 1998 ) Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMaddox, G.D. & Root, R.B. ( 1987 ) Resistance to 16 diverse species of herbivorous insects within a population of goldenrod, Solidago altissima: genetic variation and heritability. Oecologia, 72, 8 – 14.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMcGuire, R.J. & Johnson, M.T.J. ( 2006 ) Plant genotype and induced responses affect resistance to herbivores on Evening Primrose ( Oenothera biennis ). Ecological Entomology, 31, 20 – 31.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferencePakeman, R.J., Beaton, J.K., Thoss, V., Lennon, J.J., Campbell, C.D., White, D. & Iason, G.R. ( 2006 ) The extended phenotype of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris structures the understorey assemblage. Ecography, 29, 451 – 457.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceProffitt, C.E., Chiasson, R.L., Owens, A.B., Edwards, K.R. & Travis, S.E. ( 2005 ) Spartina alterniflora genotype influences facilitation and suppression of high marsh species colonizing an early successional salt marsh. Journal of Ecology, 93, 404 – 416.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSchluter, D. ( 2000 ) The Ecology of Adaptive Radiation. Oxford University Press, New York.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceShaw, R.G. & Platenkamp, A.J. ( 1993 ) Quantitative genetics of response to competitors in Nemophila menziesii: a greenhouse study. Evolution, 47, 801 – 812.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTaylor, D.R. & Aarssen, L.W. ( 1990 ) Complex competitive relationships among genotypes of three perennial grasses: implications for species coexistence. American Naturalist, 136, 305 – 327.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTilman, D. ( 1982 ) Resource Competition and Community Structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTurkington, R. & Harper, J.L. ( 1979 ) The growth, distribution and neighbour relationship of Trifolium repens in a permanent pasture. IV. Fine-scale biotic differentiation. Journal of Ecology, 67, 245 – 254.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceUrban, M.C. ( 2006 ) Maladaptation and mass effects in a metacommunity: consequences for species coexistence. American Naturalist, 168, 28 – 40.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceUrban, M.C. & Skelly, D.K. ( 2006 ) Evolving metacommunities: toward an evolutionary perspective on metacommunities. Ecology, 87, 1616 – 1626.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVellend, M. ( 2006 ) The consequences of genetic diversity in competitive communities. Ecology, 87, 304 – 311.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWhitham, T.G., Young, W.P., Martinsen, G.D., Gehring, C.A., Schweitzer, J.A., Shuster, S.M. et al. ( 2003 ) Community and ecosystem genetics: a consequence of the extended phenotype. Ecology, 84, 559 – 573.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWhitlock, R., Grime, J.P., Booth, R. & Burke, T. ( 2007 ) The role of genotypic diversity in determining grassland community structure under constant environmental conditions. Journal of Ecology, 95, 895 – 907.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWimp, G.M., Martinsen, G.D., Floate, K.D., Bangert, R.K. & Whitham, T.G. ( 2005 ) Plant genetic determinants of arthropod community structure and diversity. Evolution, 59, 61 – 69.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceYoshida, T., Jones, L.E., Ellner, S.P., Fussmann, G.F. & Hairston Jr., N.G. ( 2003 ) Rapid evolution drives ecological dynamics in a predator–prey system. Nature, 424, 303 – 306.en_US
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Name:
j.1365-2745.2008.01410.x.pdf
Size:
398.9KB
Format:
PDF
View/Open

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.