Evolutionary foundations for cancer biology
dc.contributor.author | Aktipis, C. Athena | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Nesse, Randolph M. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-02-12T19:00:15Z | |
dc.date.available | 2014-03-03T15:09:23Z | en_US |
dc.date.issued | 2013-01 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Aktipis, C. Athena; Nesse, Randolph M. (2013). "Evolutionary foundations for cancer biology." Evolutionary Applications (1): 144-159. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/96232> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1752-4571 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1752-4571 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/96232 | |
dc.description.abstract | New applications of evolutionary biology are transforming our understanding of cancer. The articles in this special issue provide many specific examples, such as microorganisms inducing cancers, the significance of within‐tumor heterogeneity, and the possibility that lower dose chemotherapy may sometimes promote longer survival. Underlying these specific advances is a large‐scale transformation, as cancer research incorporates evolutionary methods into its toolkit, and asks new evolutionary questions about why we are vulnerable to cancer. Evolution explains why cancer exists at all, how neoplasms grow, why cancer is remarkably rare, and why it occurs despite powerful cancer suppression mechanisms. Cancer exists because of somatic selection; mutations in somatic cells result in some dividing faster than others, in some cases generating neoplasms. Neoplasms grow, or do not, in complex cellular ecosystems. Cancer is relatively rare because of natural selection; our genomes were derived disproportionally from individuals with effective mechanisms for suppressing cancer. Cancer occurs nonetheless for the same six evolutionary reasons that explain why we remain vulnerable to other diseases. These four principles—cancers evolve by somatic selection, neoplasms grow in complex ecosystems, natural selection has shaped powerful cancer defenses, and the limitations of those defenses have evolutionary explanations—provide a foundation for understanding, preventing, and treating cancer. | en_US |
dc.publisher | Sinauer Associates | en_US |
dc.publisher | Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Evolutionary Medicine | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Mismatch | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Neoplastic | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Vulnerability | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Ecological | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Darwinian | en_US |
dc.title | Evolutionary foundations for cancer biology | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.rights.robots | IndexNoFollow | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Science | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 23396885 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96232/1/eva12034.pdf | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/eva.12034 | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | Evolutionary Applications | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nowell, P. C. 1976. The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science 194: 23 – 28. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Shen, X. J., J. F. Rawls, T. Randall, L. Burcal, C. N. Mpande, N. Jenkins, B. Jovov et al. 2010. Molecular characterization of mucosal adherent bacteria and associations with colorectal adenomas. Gut Microbes 1: 138 – 147. doi: 10.4161/gmic.1.3.12360. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Smith, K. R., H. A. Hanson, G. P. Mineau, and S. S. Buys. 2011. Effects of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations on female fertility. Proceedings. Biological Sciences/The Royal Society. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2011.1697. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Sprouffske, K., C. A. Aktipis, J. P. Radich, M. Carroll, A. M. Nedelcu, and C. C. Maley this issue. An evolutionary explanation for the presence of cancer non‐stem cells in neoplasms. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Srivastava, A., J. L. Hornick, X. Li, P. L. Blount, C. A. Sanchez, D. S. Cowan, K. Ayub et al. 2007. Extent of low‐grade dysplasia is a risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus. The American Journal of Gastroenterology 102: 483 – 493. quiz 694. doi: 10.1111/j.1572‐0241.2007.01073.x. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Stanton, S. J., and O. C. Schultheiss. 2007. Basal and dynamic relationships between implicit power motivation and estradiol in women. Hormones and behavior 52: 571 – 580. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.07.002. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Stearns, S. C.. 2000. Life history evolution: successes, limitations, and prospects. Die Naturwissenschaften 87: 476 – 486. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Stearns, S. C., and J. C. Koella. 2008. Evolution in Health and Disease, Oxford University Press, USA. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Stephens, P. J., C. D. Greenman, B. Fu, F. Yang, G. R. Bignell, L. J. Mudie, E. D. Pleasance, et al. 2011. Massive genomic rearrangement acquired in a single catastrophic event during cancer development. Cell 144: 27 – 40. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.11.055. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Strassmann, B. I.. 1999. Menstrual cycling and breast cancer: an evolutionary perspective. Journal of Women's Health/The Official Publication of the Society for the Advancement of Women's Health Research 8: 193 – 202. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Takubo, K., J. M. Nixon, and J. R. Jass. 1995. Ducts of esophageal glands proper and paneth cells in Barrett's esophagus: frequency in biopsy specimens. Pathology 27: 315 – 317. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Thomas, F., D. Fisher, P. Fort, J.‐P. Marie, S. Daust, B. Roche, and C. Grunau, et al. this issue. Applying ecological and evolutionary theory to cancer: A long and winding road. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Tomlinson, M., L. Swartz, L. M. Kruger, and O. Gureje. 2007. Manifestations of affective disturbance in sub‐Saharan Africa: key themes. Journal of affective disorders 102: 191 – 198. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.09.029. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Tooby, J. 2011. Cancer as the product of two host‐parasite coevolutionary races. First International Biannual Evolution and Cancer Conference. June. 3 – 5. University of California, San Francisco. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Tyner, S. D., S. Venkatachalam, J. Choi, S. Jones, N. Ghebranious, H. Igelmann, X. Lu, et al. 2002. p53 mutant mice that display early ageing‐associated phenotypes. Nature 415: 45 – 53. doi: 10.1038/415045a. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Van den Abbeele, P., S. Roos, V. Eeckhaut, D. A. MacKenzie, M. Derde, W. Verstraete, M. Marzorati et al. 2012. Incorporating a mucosal environment in a dynamic gut model results in a more representative colonization by lactobacilli. Microbial biotechnology 5: 106 – 115. doi: 10.1111/j.1751‐7915.2011.00308.x. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | de Visser, K. E., A. Eichten, and L. M. Coussens. 2006. Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development. Nature reviews. Cancer 6: 24 – 37. doi: 10.1038/nrc1782. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Williams, G. C., and R. M. Nesse. 1991. The dawn of Darwinian medicine. Quarterly Review of Biology 66: 1 – 22. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Williams, P. D.. 2010. Darwinian interventions: taming pathogens through evolutionary ecology. Trends in Parasitology 26: 83 – 92. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.11.009. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Williams, J. B., D. Pang, B. Delgado, M. Kocherginsky, M. Tretiakova, T. Krausz, D. Pan et al. 2009. A model of gene‐environment interaction reveals altered mammary gland gene expression and increased tumor growth following social isolation. Cancer prevention research 2: 850 – 861. doi: 10.1158/1940‐6207.CAPR‐08‐0238. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Wolin, K. Y., K. Carson, and G. A. Colditz. 2010. Obesity and cancer. The oncologist 15: 556 – 565. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2009‐0285. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Yang, L., X. Lu, C. W. Nossa, F. Francois, R. M. Peek, and Z. Pei. 2009. Inflammation and intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus are associated with alterations in the microbiome. Gastroenterology 137: 588 – 597. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.046. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Yu, L. C., J. T. Wang, S. C. Wei, and Y. H. Ni. 2012. Host‐microbial interactions and regulation of intestinal epithelial barrier function: from physiology to pathology. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 3: 27 – 43. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v3.i1.27. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Aktipis, C. A., C. C. Maley, and S. L. Neuberg. 2010. Psychological barriers to evolutionary thinking in medicine. Evolution and Medicine Review. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Aktipis, C. A., V. S. Kwan, K. A. Johnson, S. L. Neuberg, and C. C. Maley. 2011. Overlooking evolution: a systematic analysis of cancer relapse and therapeutic resistance research. PLoS ONE 6: e26100. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026100. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Aktipis, C. A., C. C. Maley, and J. W. Pepper. 2012. Dispersal evolution in neoplasms: the role of disregulated metabolism in the evolution of cell motility. Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia, Pa.) 5: 266 – 275. doi: 10.1158/1940‐6207.CAPR‐11‐0004. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Alcock, J. 2009. Animal behavior: an evolutionary approach. 9th ed. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Mass. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Alfarouk, K. O., M. E Ibrahim, R. A. Gatenby, and J. S. Brown this issue. Riparian ecosystems in human cancers. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Althuis, M. D., J. H. Fergenbaum, M. Garcia‐Closas, L. A. Brinton, M. P. Madigan, and M. E. Sherman. 2004. Etiology of hormone receptor‐defined breast cancer: a systematic review of the literature. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 13: 1558 – 1568. doi: 13/10/1558 [pii]. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | American Cancer Society. 2012. Cancer Facts & Figures 2012. Atlanta. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Anderson, K., C. Lutz, F. W. van Delft, C. M. Bateman, Y. Guo, S. M. Colman, H. Kempski et al. 2011. Genetic variegation of clonal architecture and propagating cells in leukaemia. Nature 469: 356 – 361. doi: 10.1038/nature09650. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Archie, E. A., J. Altmann, and S. C. Alberts. 2012. Social status predicts wound healing in wild baboons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109: 9017 – 9022. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1206391109. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Arthur, J. C., and C. Jobin. 2011. The struggle within: microbial influences on colorectal cancer. Inflammatory bowel diseases 17: 396 – 409. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21354. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Axelrod, R., D. E. Axelrod, and K. J. Pienta. 2006. Evolution of cooperation among tumor cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103: 13474 – 13479. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0606053103. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Bauer, K. R., M. Brown, R. D. Cress, C. A. Parise, and V. Caggiano. 2007. Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative, progesterone receptor (PR)‐negative, and HER2‐negative invasive breast cancer, the so‐called triple‐negative phenotype: a population‐based study from the California cancer Registry. Cancer 109: 1721 – 1728. doi: 10.1002/cncr.22618. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Beaber, E. F., V. L. Holt, K. E. Malone, P. L. Porter, J. R. Daling, and C. I. Li. 2008. Reproductive factors, age at maximum height, and risk of three histologic types of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 17: 3427 – 3434. doi: 17/12/3427 [pii] 10.1158/1055‐9965.EPI‐08‐0641. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Beckman, R. A., and L. A. Loeb. 2005. Negative clonal selection in tumor evolution. Genetics 171: 2123 – 2131. doi: 10.1534/genetics.105.040840. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Bissell, M. J., and W. C. Hines. 2011. Why don't we get more cancer? A proposed role of the microenvironment in restraining cancer progression Nature medicine 17: 320 – 329. doi: 10.1038/nm.2328. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Bissell, M. J., and D. Radisky. 2001. Putting tumours in context. Nature reviews. Cancer 1: 46 – 54. doi: 10.1038/35094059. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Blask, D. E., G. C. Brainard, R. T. Dauchy, J. P. Hanifin, L. K. Davidson, J. A. Krause, L. A. Sauer et al. 2005. Melatonin‐depleted blood from premenopausal women exposed to light at night stimulates growth of human breast cancer xenografts in nude rats. Cancer research 65: 11174 – 11184. doi: 10.1158/0008‐5472.CAN‐05‐1945. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Calistro Alvarado, L. this issue. An Evolutionary Perspective on Population Differences in Men's Testosterone Secretion and Prostate Cancer Disparities. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Campbell, P. J., E. D. Pleasance, P. J. Stephens, E. Dicks, R. Rance, I. Goodhead, G. A. Follows et al. 2008. Subclonal phylogenetic structures in cancer revealed by ultra‐deep sequencing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105: 13081 – 13086. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801523105. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cancer Research UK. 2012. Cancer incidence by age 2012. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-info/cancerstats/incidence/age/ (accessedon 30 September 2012). | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Caulin, A. F., and C. C. Maley. 2011. Peto's Paradox: evolution's prescription for cancer prevention. Trends in ecology & evolution 26: 175 – 182. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.01.002. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cavallo, F., C. De Giovanni, P. Nanni, G. Forni, and P. L. Lollini 2011. The immune hallmarks of cancer. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy: CII 60: 319 – 326. doi: 10.1007/s00262‐010‐0968‐0. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Chen, J., K. Sprouffske, Q. Huang, and C. C. Maley 2011. Solving the puzzle of metastasis: the evolution of cell migration in neoplasms. PLoS ONE 6: e17933. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017933. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Coe, K., and L. Steadman. 1995. The human breast and the ancestral reproductive cycle. Human Nature 6: 197 – 220. doi: 10.1007/bf02734139. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Colditz, G. A., B. A. Rosner, W. Y. Chen, M. D. Holmes, and S. E. Hankinson. 2004. Risk factors for breast cancer according to estrogen and progesterone receptor status. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96: 218 – 228. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cooper, G. M., and R. E. Hausman 2009. The cell: a molecular approach. 4th ed. ASM Press, Sinauer Associates, Washington, D.C, Sunderland, Mass. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Correia, A. L., and M. J. Bissell. 2012. The tumor microenvironment is a dominant force in multidrug resistance. Drug Resistance Updates: Reviews and Commentaries in Antimicrobial and Anticancer Chemotherapy 15: 39 – 49. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2012.01.006. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Coussens, L. M., and Z. Werb. 2002. Inflammation and cancer. Nature 420: 860 – 867. doi: 10.1038/nature01322. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Crespi, B., and K. Summers. 2005. Evolutionary biology of cancer. Trends in ecology & evolution 20: 545 – 552. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.07.007. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Daoust, S. P., L. Fahrig, A. Martin, and F. Thomas. this issue. From forest and agro‐ecosystems to the microecosystems of the human body: what can landscape ecology tell us about tumor growth, metastasis and treatment options? Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | David, A. R., and M. R. Zimmerman. 2010. Cancer: an old disease, a new disease or something in between? Nature reviews. Cancer 10: 728 – 733. doi: 10.1038/nrc2914. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Dawood, S. 2010. Triple‐negative breast cancer: epidemiology and management options. Drugs 70: 2247 – 2258. doi: 4 [pii] 10.2165/11538150‐000000000‐00000. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | De Stavola, B. L., I. dos Santos Silva, V. McCormack, R. J. Hardy, D. J. Kuh, and M. E. Wadsworth. 2004. Childhood growth and breast cancer. American journal of epidemiology 159: 671 – 682. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Dolle, J. M., J. R. Daling, E. White, L. A. Brinton, D. R. Doody, P. L. Porter, and K. E. Malone. 2009. Risk factors for triple‐negative breast cancer in women under the age of 45 years. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 18: 1157 – 1166. doi: 1055‐9965.EPI‐08‐1005 [pii] 10.1158/1055‐9965.EPI‐08‐1005. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Dyer, M. A., and R. Bremner. 2005. The search for the retinoblastoma cell of origin. Nature reviews. Cancer 5: 91 – 101. doi: 10.1038/nrc1545. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Eaton, S. B., M. C. Pike, R. V. Short, N. C. Lee, J. Trussell, R. A. Hatcher, J. W. Wood et al., et al. 1994. Women's reproductive cancers in evolutionary context. The Quarterly review of biology 69: 353 – 367. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Eckburg, P. B., E. M. Bik, C. N. Bernstein, E. Purdom, L. Dethlefsen, M. Sargent, S. R. Gill et al. 2005. Diversity of the human intestinal microbial flora. Science 308: 1635 – 1638. doi: 10.1126/science.1110591. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Elias, S. G., P. H. Peeters, D. E. Grobbee, and P. A. van Noord. 2004. Breast cancer risk after caloric restriction during the 1944‐1945 Dutch famine. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 96: 539 – 546. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Ewald, P. W., and H. A. Swain Ewald. this issue. Toward a general evolutionary theory of oncogenesis. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Fernandez, A. A.. 2010. A cancer‐causing gene is positively correlated with male aggression in Xiphophorus cortezi. Journal of evolutionary biology 23: 386 – 396. doi: 10.1111/j.1420‐9101.2009.01914.x. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Fisher, R. A. 1930. The genetical theory of natural selection. The Clarendon press: Oxford. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Foo, J., K. Leder, and M. Shannon. this issue. Cancer as a moving targe: Understanding the composition and rebound growth kinetics of recurrent tumors. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Foulkes, W. D., I. E. Smith, and J. S. Reis‐Filho. 2010. Triple‐negative breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 363: 1938 – 1948. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1001389. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Frank, S. A. 2007a. Dynamics of Cancer: Incidence, Inheritance, and Evolution. Princeton University Press, Princeton (NJ). | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Frank, S. A. 2007b. Dynamics of cancer: incidence, inheritance, and evolution, Princeton series in evolutionary biology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Frank, S. A.. 2010. Evolution in health and medicine Sackler colloquium: Somatic evolutionary genomics: mutations during development cause highly variable genetic mosaicism with risk of cancer and neurodegeneration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107 ( Suppl 1 ): 1725 – 1730. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0909343106. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gabrilovich, D., and V. Pisarev. 2003. Tumor escape from immune response: mechanisms and targets of activity. Current drug targets 4: 525 – 536. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Garcia‐Cao, I., M. Garcia‐Cao, J. Martin‐Caballero, L. M. Criado, P. Klatt, J. M. Flores, J. C. Weill et al. 2002. “Super p53” mice exhibit enhanced DNA damage response, are tumor resistant and age normally. The EMBO Journal 21: 6225 – 6235. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gluckman, P., A. Beedle, and M. Hanson. 2009. Principles of Evolutionary Medicine. Oxford University Press, USA. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gatenby, R. A.. 2009. A change of strategy in the war on cancer. Nature 459: 508 – 509. doi: 10.1038/459508a. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gatenby, R. A., and R. J. Gillies. 2008. A microenvironmental model of carcinogenesis. Nature reviews. Cancer 8: 56 – 61. doi: 10.1038/nrc2255. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gatenby, R. A., A. S. Silva, R. J. Gillies, and B. R. Frieden. 2009. Adaptive therapy. Cancer research 69: 4894 – 4903. doi: 10.1158/0008‐5472.CAN‐08‐3658. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gatenby, R. A., R. J. Gillies, and J. S. Brown. 2010. Evolutionary dynamics of cancer prevention. Nature reviews. Cancer 10: 526 – 527. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Gerlinger, M., A. J. Rowan, S. Horswell, J. Larkin, D. Endesfelder, E. Gronroos, P. Martinez et al. 2012. Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing. The New England journal of medicine 366: 883 – 892. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1113205. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Graham, T., R. Datta, A. Gutteridge, C. Swanton, and C. Maley. this issue. Modelling the evolution of genetic instability during tumour progression. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Greaves, M. this issue. Cancer stem cells as ‘units of selection’. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Greaves, M. F., and L. Kinlen. 2000. Cancer: the Evolutionary Legacy, Oxford University Press, Oxford. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Greaves, M. 2007. Darwinian medicine: a case for cancer. Nature reviews. Cancer 7: 213 – 221. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Greaves, M., and C. C. Maley. 2012. Clonal evolution in cancer. Nature 481: 306 – 313. doi: 10.1038/nature10762. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Grepin, R., and G. Pages. 2010. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to tumour anti‐angiogenic strategies. Journal of Oncology 2010: 835680. doi: 10.1155/2010/835680. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Grivennikov, S. I., F. R. Greten, and M. Karin. 2010. Immunity, inflammation, and cancer. Cell 140: 883 – 899. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.025. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Guo, S., and L. A. Dipietro. 2010. Factors affecting wound healing. Journal of dental research 89: 219 – 229. doi: 10.1177/0022034509359125. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hanahan, D., and Weinberg, R. A.. 2000. The Hallmarks of Cancer. Cell 100: 57 – 70. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hansson, G. C.. 2012. Role of mucus layers in gut infection and inflammation. Current opinion in microbiology 15: 57 – 62. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.11.002. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hardin, G. 1968. The Tragedy of the Commons. Science 162: 1243 – 1248. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hartwell, L. H., and M. B. Kastan. 1994. Cell cycle control and cancer. Science 266: 1821 – 1828. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hermes, G. L., and M. K. McClintock. 2008. Isolation and the timing of mammary gland development, gonadarche, and ovarian senescence: implications for mammary tumor burden. Developmental Psychobiology 50: 353 – 360. doi: 10.1002/dev.20295. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hochberg, M. E., F. Thomas, E. Assenat, and U. Hibner this issue. Preventive Evolutionary Medicine of Cancers. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hofman, P., and V. Vouret‐Craviari. 2012. Microbes‐induced EMT at the crossroad of inflammation and cancer. Gut Microbes 3: 176 – 185. doi: 10.4161/gmic.20288. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Hsieh, C. C., D. Trichopoulos, K. Katsouyanni, and S. Yuasa. 1990. Age at menarche, age at menopause, height and obesity as risk factors for breast cancer: associations and interactions in an international case‐control study. International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer 46: 796 – 800. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Jablonski, N. G.. 2004. The evolution of human skin and skin color. Annual Review of Anthropology 33: 585 – 623. doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143955. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Jablonski, N. G., and G. Chaplin. 2010. Colloquium paper: human skin pigmentation as an adaptation to UV radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107 ( Suppl 2 ): 8962 – 8968. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914628107. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Jasienska, G., and I. Thune. 2001. Lifestyle, hormones, and risk of breast cancer. BMJ 322: 586 – 587. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Kareva, I. 2011. What can ecology teach us about cancer? Translational oncology 4: 266 – 270. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Keinan‐Boker, L., N. Vin‐Raviv, I. Liphshitz, S. Linn, and M. Barchana. 2009. Cancer incidence in Israeli Jewish survivors of World War II. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 101: 1489 – 1500. doi: djp327 [pii] 10.1093/jnci/djp327. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Koboldt, D. C., R. S. Fulton, M. D. McLellan, H. Schmidt, J. Kalicki‐Veizer, J. F. McMichael, L. L. Fulton, et al. 2012. Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 490: 61 – 70. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Koupil, I., S. Plavinskaja, N. Parfenova, D. B. Shestov, P. D. Danziger, and D. Vagero. 2009. Cancer mortality in women and men who survived the siege of Leningrad (1941‐1944). International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer 124: 1416 – 1421. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24093. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Kruger, Daniel, and Randolph Nesse. 2006. An evolutionary life‐history framework for understanding sex differences in human mortality rates. Human nature 17: 74 – 97. doi: 10.1007/s12110‐006‐1021‐z. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Lee, A. J., and C. Swanton. 2012. Tumour heterogeneity and drug resistance: personalising cancer medicine through functional genomics. Biochemical pharmacology 83: 1013 – 1020. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.12.008. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Levine, D. S., C. E. Rubin, B. J. Reid, and R. C. Haggitt. 1989. Specialized metaplastic columnar epithelium in Barrett's esophagus. A comparative transmission electron microscopic study. Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology 60: 418 – 432. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Maley, C. C., P. C. Galipeau, J. C. Finley, V. J. Wongsurawat, X. Li, C. A. Sanchez, T. G. Paulson et al. 2006. Genetic clonal diversity predicts progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Nature genetics 38: 468 – 473. doi: 10.1038/ng1768. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Mapara, M. Y., and M. Sykes. 2004. Tolerance and cancer: mechanisms of tumor evasion and strategies for breaking tolerance. Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 22: 1136 – 1151. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2004.10.041. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Maynard Smith, J., and E., Szathmáry. 1995a. The major transitions in evolution. W.H. Freeman Spektrum, Oxford. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Maynard Smith, J., and E., Szathmáry. 1995b. The Major Transitions in Evolution. Oxford University Press, Oxford. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Melo, J. V., and D. J. Barnes. 2007. Chronic myeloid leukaemia as a model of disease evolution in human cancer. Nature reviews. Cancer 7: 441 – 453. doi: 10.1038/nrc2147. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Merlo, L. M., and C. C. Maley. 2010. The role of genetic diversity in cancer. The Journal of clinical investigation 120: 401 – 403. doi: 10.1172/JCI42088. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Merlo, L. F., J. W. Pepper, B. J. Reid, and C. C. Maley. 2006. Cancer as an evolutionary and ecological process. Nature reviews Cancer 6: 924 – 935. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Merlo, L. M., N. A. Shah, X. Li, P. L. Blount, T. L. Vaughan, B. J. Reid, and C. C. Maley. 2010. A comprehensive survey of clonal diversity measures in Barrett's esophagus as biomarkers of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer prevention research 3: 1388 – 1397. doi: 10.1158/1940‐6207.CAPR‐10‐0108. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Meza, R., E. G. Luebeck, and S. H. Moolgavkar. 2005. Gestational mutations and carcinogenesis. Mathematical biosciences 197: 188 – 210. doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2005.06.003. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nagy, J. A., A. M. Dvorak, and H. F. Dvorak. 2012. Vascular hyperpermeability, angiogenesis, and stroma generation. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 2: a006544. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a006544. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nakasone, E. S., H. A. Askautrud, T. Kees, J. H. Park, V. Plaks, A. J. Ewald, M. Fein et al. 2012. Imaging tumor‐stroma interactions during chemotherapy reveals contributions of the microenvironment to resistance. Cancer Cell 21: 488 – 503. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.017. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Navin, N., J. Kendall, J. Troge, P. Andrews, L. Rodgers, J. McIndoo, K. Cook et al. 2011. Tumour evolution inferred by single‐cell sequencing. Nature 472: 90 – 94. doi: 10.1038/nature09807. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nedelcu, A. M.. 2009. Environmentally induced responses co‐opted for reproductive altruism. Biology letters 5: 805 – 808. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2009.0334. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nerlich, A. G., H. Rohrbach, B. Bachmeier, and A. Zink. 2006. Malignant tumors in two ancient populations: An approach to historical tumor epidemiology. Oncology reports 16: 197 – 202. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nesse, R. M.. 2005. Maladaptation and natural selection. The Quarterly review of biology 80: 62 – 70. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nesse, R. M. and C. S. Stearns 2008. The great opportunity: evolutionary applications to medicine and public health. Evolutionary Applications 1: 28 – 48. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nesse, R. M., and G. C. Williams. 1994. Why we get sick: The new science of Darwinian medicine. 1st ed. Times Books: New York. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nik‐Zainal, S., P. Van Loo, D. C. Wedge, L. B. Alexandrov, C. D. Greenman, K. W. Lau, K. Raine, et al. 2012. The life history of 21 breast cancers. Cell 149: 994 – 1007. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.04.023. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Nunney, L. this issue. The real war on cancer: the evolutionary dynamics of cancer suppression. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Park, S. Y., M. Gonen, H. J. Kim, F. Michor, and K. Polyak. 2010. Cellular and genetic diversity in the progression of in situ human breast carcinomas to an invasive phenotype. The Journal of clinical investigation 120: 636 – 644. doi: 10.1172/JCI40724. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Pepper, J. W.. 2012. Drugs that target pathogen public goods are robust against evolved drug resistance. Evolutionary Applications 5: 757 – 761. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Pepper, J. W., S. C. Findlay, R. Kassen, S. L. Spencer, and C. C. Maley. 2009. Cancer research meets evolutionary biology. Evolutionary Applications 2: 62 – 70. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Peterson, J., S. Garges, M. Giovanni, P. McInnes, L. Wang, J. A. Schloss, V. Bonazzi, et al. 2009. The NIH Human Microbiome Project. Genome research 19: 2317 – 2323. doi: 10.1101/gr.096651.109. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Peto, R., S. Darby, H. Deo, P. Silcocks, E. Whitley, and R. Doll. 2000. Smoking, smoking cessation, and lung cancer in the UK since 1950: combination of national statistics with two case‐control studies. BMJ 321: 323 – 329. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Pienta, K. J., N. McGregor, R. Axelrod, and D. E. Axelrod. 2008. Ecological therapy for cancer: defining tumors using an ecosystem paradigm suggests new opportunities for novel cancer treatments. Translational Oncology 1: 158 – 164. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Pontiggia, O., R. Sampayo, D. Raffo, A. Motter, R. Xu, M. J. Bissell, E. B. Joffe et al. 2012. The tumor microenvironment modulates tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer: a role for soluble stromal factors and fibronectin through beta1 integrin. Breast cancer research and treatment 133: 459 – 471. doi: 10.1007/s10549‐011‐1766‐x. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Reiter, J. G., I. Bozic, B. Allen, K. Chatterjee, and M. A. Nowak this issue. The effect of one additional driver mutation on tumor progression. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Roche, B., K. Sprouffske, H. Hbid, D. Missé, M. Hochberg, and F. Thomas. this issue. Peto's paradox revisited: theoretical evolutionary dynamics of cancer in wildlife. Evolutionary Applications In this issue. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Rogers, A. B.. 2011. Distance burning: how gut microbes promote extraintestinal cancers. Gut Microbes 2: 52 – 57. doi: 10.4161/gmic.2.1.14761. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Sauer, L. A., R. T. Dauchy, D. E. Blask, J. A. Krause, L. K. Davidson, and E. M. Dauchy. 2005. Eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses cell proliferation in MCF‐7 human breast cancer xenografts in nude rats via a pertussis toxin‐sensitive signal transduction pathway. The Journal of Nutrition 135: 2124 – 2129. | en_US |
dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
Files in this item
Remediation of Harmful Language
The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.
Accessibility
If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.