THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN RADIATION LABORATORY 015972-502-M MEMO TO: File DATE: 22 February 1978 FROM: J.E. Ferris SUBJECT: Backscattering Measurements of Missiles #2 and #3 The backscatter radiation characteristics of missiles #2 and #3 (see Figures 1 and 2 respectively) were measured at two frequencies (12.14 GHz and 12.23 GHz), for two polarizations (vertical and horizontal) and for two conditions (with and without nose cone). Measurements of missile #2 were made for three roll angles (_k = 0~, 45~ and 90~) and missile #3 for two roll angles (4 = 0~ and 45~)* All pattern plots were measured in the 0 variable plane as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Data for missiles #2 and #3 are shown respectively in Figures 3 through 26 and Figures 27 through 42. All data is plotted (Figures 3-42) with the nose and tail of the missile located respectively at e equals 0 and 180 degrees. Further, the left and right side of the missile (as viewed from the tail) are plotted to the left and right of e = 0~. The backscatter range used to plot this data was located within an anechoic chamber (50 ft. long x 30 ft. wide x 15 ft. high). Spacing between the illuminating horn and model was 40 ft. providing nominally a 9 2 D2/x range for the length of models under test. Typically a D 2/x range will reduce the broadside return 0.5 dB and cause the near broadside side-lobes to appear as shoulders. All data were calibrated against a 10-inch sphere. A calibration mark is shown on the left side of each plot in the vicinity of 2 120-150 degrees, and the cross section of the calibration sphere is -12.9 m at both measurement frequencies. 15972-502-M = RL-2287 1

} = 0" e= 0~ ( = 00 0 / 4 = 900 6 = 90~ \ 'f = 90~ Nose cone I, I, - -_ r I _ _....... ~' 0 = 0~ Axis of rotation r = 180~ 6 = 1800 26. 5" Figure 1: Missile #2 coordinate system.

f = 00 0= 0o e 00 - = 90 \ r_ e = 90oo Wt - ' 900 e = 1800 -~ — Axis of rotation 25"1 Figure 2: Mlissile #3 coordinate system. S7e 3 ordinate system. Nose cone I 0 = 0

K9 2 i i I I i t I i E(-"RS.:REMARKS A iKn W7\ -- - - I% i f I --- I t t i i -. -- -. — - - i- - i —,. - - I1!I 1 2i j 4 II I 'V Lf _ 1 11, 11 a I 5k-.L — - I 8 -9Cr 4K. ~ I, - Figure 3: 6 Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical nose cone, ~P = 00, 10" calibration sphere..Polarization, with

i I i l 2 is. I - c -- -4 -I - PATTERN NO. DATE 'PROJECT //,,; ENG.RS. - REMARKS — 1 Al/ j i- =1 /, /1. 1 FO- i c. i- -~.. I 1 ~ \ - 4 i_ - jri 1 iii i / 1 r; I ti t. 1 f. r-; Ii ~A:... 1 '50 -.C tNoTFriCA-L aNT a or JT; 5 S U AN ANGLE 4u * *~ * e Figure 4: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical polarization, with nose cone, P = 45~, 10" calibration sphere.

I- i --- i — f- i i t -F I, IRG I- I A. - - - I -r:I I -, - -, - i li f I, J e Figure 5: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical polarization, with nose cone, - = 90~, 10" calibration sphere.

4- -- 1, PATTEPN rNO. PROJECT ENGRS. -— I REMARKS L i N r-", DAt E 1,. 0 ' "; I s I| t j: I;: -- -; 1 | I: -|: I...... - | i 0-: ' t 01!.. I -, nose cone, = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. 'i,-. - - t t ~.... _. _....... 1 o- - L., t

i i - -f - wN, N C — PROJECT REMARKS P ATEF - II t — I — i i I I i i I.t I I I I -T I I i, I -1- I i I l f j, v-, - I j i I -f-.-. I ., i.,. I, I i. I - I i I -- i - -I - I i I i -i i i i i I - 4 Ii -- -. I - ii 0 - I.A N GL P7 -t 11 'II iJ ~I 15,0, ______ 1 -) —, i1 w` e Figure 7: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2;nose cone, 1k = 450, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical polarization, without

'i ' '1 '. j rEi E -., - I 4 t 4 6 - -- -10 --- —--------. —84 -- --—:.-.....t4 ----.- -4 ENG RfS REMARKS.,, -. / F I- - -r I r i C --- 1. t — ~ -~i —.. --- 4 --- i II I i i i l; A: ' 1 -'-5'?' - C''8-:.- 40 - ANS -:. E Figure 8: e Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 nose cone, P = 90~, 10" calibration sphere. GHz, vertical polarization, without

-~-2 — I ---+ --- -1 II L --- -4 — I. 1'I - 4-4 --6 7 1 — -8-; I I I -1 7-7-7 - I — 6 --8L-~. I LAllF.RN NU. PROJECT ENGRS. REMARKS MO DATE. r I - i -; I I I r I I. A i!.. I A a 1, - I I, I I. - i. , I I . I, , -! 1.- -1 I - - F -.! I 1,,,! ; 1 i,;! '- 1 '; 1 '; ' i 4!;; i ' ' 1 '. 7 ' 7 I -, i ' ',, - -'I 0 1 i i 0 - i, " i I; f i I. 1!! I I I I U r i;.! i t 1, 1 i; I i r I, I,-4 —.4 iIL.L! JL I' '4 H I tt 1 — I- ' 12 6 10 ii,, F —7 -I f -I —. — i I i.: 7- -- - -- I T 7 -7 -r 77 -F-. " —F — F- I.: - I 11. I -77 ---F- -l - i - >N1frL U L I I ' I -WK LL Lb L 130 NcLE e I"! IiiU I, IIt, 8 --30 2 4 - I-7 --- -- 7 — - - I. f *1I I t , I t: I -, I 1 , i, , ' -1 -, -1- - t —. - - -- i.. q i I - -- - -1. -, - Ii II ---- -T -: -- T A, '. 1 1 f t 1 f i 1 i 1 t it I v I I- t -- I I I I I 1- - i i - 4- -- I i I I f I A. —.IIH..t1 1 _ 60 I 904 - I I S N!F- TI~ -'T 1 --I -40 --- Figure 9: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal -polarization, with nose cone, (p = O', 10" calibration sphere.

— 0 — - --— T — i i 4A It~.PATTERN NO.' UATF PROJECT 'ENGRS. '-2REMARKS _rl__ ij8 7N 4 -------- I i - -- I- -- -. - i I - - -- - - ---- -- -r- - i I i I t. I I. -- -- -I 1 — L -L I I I — 1 -I i I I I I I I i I kPi. frf P 4 i i- r f - -L. i -— I I t I-4 i II i i - i I j -i t I a Figure 10: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, with nose cone, P = 450, 10" calibration sphere.

- 2- - t -- E~NGRS. REMARKS.,!:A' 1-7 - I- I -T — iI 1 ji II jfi 1 4 6 1. i 1 - I 3',O - I. -8 90, 50, *. *.-:? -- --. -.. J-' — -40 --- - Figure 11: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, with nose cone, P = 90~, 10" calibration sphere.

0 I I i I I I i-. 1 -. -.; - I -:.. -1 — I - i: - - - — i i II i I-,..- i A r) ICNIV I WI 71I9i tTA Vntt I 2-: i. --— 4- - I ---V 6 *- -....... _ 6. -. - -A...... i i..0..... -!1 - --- I - I --. - -- L - -— 4 — - a - I!: i 1 -7 " -7- F I i - i - L II 4 i... i - It:!,!:!!. I............. I'.'..., I I. I I.:: I - - - - I - t - I -- - - i:.. - I .; : 1 I I. t L.. I t-! - 4. -.;,,.,4 -l,,! - - I j PATTiF. N NO,' PROJECT.: i ENGRS. - REMARKS T' 4 V 'I CATE 0 — A ., 4 a 4-~~~~~~~~ S.4~~i1i~ - -' ' 1 I - - t 7 -. T f ' I?: -,- - I I. I i. -..,: 1: I:.. I-, I: 4 i, — ': , I 1,, i. I: I,.. LI. -- i. I: I i:, I. I - - - -- I - -. - "...:.t:J.i ' -i tf- I 1.! 0 i o.-_ijii._ --- —.-!-......... i!tr AN, I- 4 I - r 60[ j ---- * -- t --- —4 -ll; -!llt 1:- _ - b_ 6 _ - -7 - 7 I I. I i I i m i -- L. 7-8 i I 11 I m I; a -, -, J-,.:. --- -t — - - - 7 - 4 7 I I I I,:. 'i II 6t -;I i. *MI I I: '! i,4, 1: 1 0 I - ~2.o_ —6, ~~ - 4 ~~ — t4:1 - -1 -6 -I- -? 30- ___ 0-t - -8 { i,.ft...~I -40:~I 5c[y|l ATAT ~N A T L ANTI:A c r 90 ULL: 9 Figure 12: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, ~ = 0~, 10" calibration sphere.

t i~ — ---— ~- i i i ..... -t --- i -i t j.._.....,...__._..., I PATTERN NO DATE I < —.- -, IPROJECT / /t I. IENGRS Fiv *+ — i i - I.; - -I "I I - iri Tti I i i 1 j t iir i,iD i i i r;r. i?: i 1 I I; i, I 1: i!I f rl ANG'LE e Figure 13: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, k = 45~, 10" calibration sphere.

0 -2 -iC F;R'C' -L(: / E.Nrnb REMARKS -., /. '. ';! 1 - D~F -:... -*:. - -- -. -. 4. "./ r. i-. t - - I N - - - ** * * * Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, Q = 90~, 10" calibration sphere. Figure 14:

i I i 4 — I II I - -- I i2 4 i- 6 F,;tHN N O.. ENGR" i I I f — - i I -i i I I I. I i - --- - I - - - - I - i I i I m — i. I I I i I Ti I I i i I;: i i IiII I r-~ t/ ' ' p 0~t O i, -,REMARKS I I i I I i t I... -4-" l 4i, I i I -- I I i 1. i I i - - jii i1 - t 1 i i, 1 4, - -, 1. - — L — i I, -,- -:!1-.i I 1. ---- - - t7 -I- -. -J-1 I — -1 — — I- -1 I. II i iji I I i - Ii 4- - Ii i -4 ---. I - -tI. I I - I i, I i 'i i,;i "I 1 I - 4 -,-' -- i i. I i I i i.-i ANGL 4 6 i. - - -- i- - - I I I i --- -. I - i 150', I I- --- —., - -i- - - -- -i I i, c l T. I 14::, A I - - ll T., I e Figure 15: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, nose cone, P = 00, 10" calibration sphere. vertical polarization, with

I T ------ 4 - -- - - -F f.,Z I ~ It j F L [ 8 --- —j T1C 11<ATFiue.: Bckc e chrceitc fmsilI2 rqec 22 G-z vria po rizain i nos cne =I5 — caibato-shee 7N II1

-,,,- /,/ EMAPS *.'_ ^" r. - 6 Figure 17: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; nose cone, q = 90~, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, with

ii-:! - -,...,. -. - i5* e Figure 18: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, nose cone, ~ = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. vertical polarization, without

i I t -.2 - - f - -4 I i I I I I -1 -- -I I 11 i i i I II.4.. I t I I, —. ---T I i I e --- -.- -- - -j --- i t I - I I i -1 0 — PATITE-1 NO. PRO EC~-REMARKS /lo/ I I - I i -- -- --- - I. - [ — --- -,L I - I. I.- - I -1 - I i I I I A I I - t i I - if 1 - - tIi — Ttt I — -I --- iI A ft ) V-i II _9 i, -,~ i AN(,LEh -9'0 --- e Figure 19: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; nose cone, ~ = 450, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, wilthout

-I -— C. - 77r —'S ______ jL ~3-__ _ ____ _____ __ -IL - _ - 9 At -2 it~!1iL I_ Baksate caacersic f isie 2;feqeny122 Gz vetclu oaizto, ihu ns coe =90,10 cairto sphre Figure 20:

!I. - r, j;. 1-., 2.. ' PoJEcl /..... PROJE C --- - - 4 I j -.: REMARKS -i ----... i - l.. 1.. - - RM -. t 4 i j; - 2. - ' I L 4 J - i i''lf;; i 1 ': _-{,y......, — 'I' 1 - -I Il_: -.I... nose cone, " = 0~, 10" calibration sphere.,< a b a io pee c0 q - - -p- -,-,

i -II I - I II I 1 ---j 2 i i j -- i.i in I - - - --- ~ ---i i 11;1 j i jI i i i i i ' ' r t i i Al 6 ~tR in irI:tl t! F i/ I i i,: i; i i I i (i i;;; i ( Ii IiII:i 1 fi' ': I i t ii f i ii; 1 ii i;i j t tj i j iL' (Ii/ Y ii 1' ii iiil i s~+rrouci 2 44 4. '4aTIE.N:;C~ LNGR'D. REMARKS 4 i -- T — - 11 - - - - -I-. I L -.:. I - i, I I. t, -----— i I i-r — i — i 1 — I ~1 -I — I It t 6, --- — A8- ~- ~- - I- --— I1 i1 A. i1 - i ii,A NG(7LE a Figure 22: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, with nose cone, ~ = 450, 10" calibration sphere.

t E-,:: /". T,,1,.y,..REMA.RKb ' * m t i t 'I i' ' 1J - - -~-' I. 9 e Figure 23: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal nose cone, f = 90~, 10" calibration sphere. polarization, with

3 f..... 4 i 0..-.L.... I..-t,.. - -J I II I. ti; I I.. ** I. I l 6 Figure 24: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, ~ = 0~, 10" calibration sphere.

I tI X ' i 2 i 4 PROJECT ENGRS. REMARKS -. ^,.. i I, P - 1 -t I.~ ij U a Figure 25: Backscatter characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, q= 45~, 10" calibration sphere.

T- 0 - -:R-M ARKS i - -. - e 1! PF1 -10 t 2-. I 4 - - -1- -f - 6 h - -- -- a- —.- I I: i - - - I I I r — 4 -j? 0 * e 0 e Figure 26: Backscattering nose cone, I = characteristics of missile #2; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, without 90~, 10" calibration sphere.

0 Figure 27: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.14 GHz, nose cone, k = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. vertical polarization, with

-I — - - 0 - 1 — I - 2 I i -. i I 4 - F N' R-,j- - /q~ L,4-TF i -1- -r I IL I IIA 311 I 111 Figure 2: Bcsatrcaatrstcso misl 3 frqec 121 Gzvria plriztow h nose~/~ coe, = 5- 0"caibaio shee t

Pf-C JECT ENGRS. REMAR~KS C&:7 V )~ oI' 11''i I i I i I. II I i 9,01 1 4 4 6 - 8 i I! II I 1 p, 1 1 I i 1 1 i I I i I I; i! i. i I!,:; j i r! I i -, I I i I iL". I C I v 4 - ---- la. if I'-; t -- -- -- -- - -- -, 8 ~ — I20 -AC 11 - -- - - -- - - - -4" * 0 A Figure 29: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical polarization, without nose cone, ~ = O', 10" calibration sphere.

- T- 0 I I 2 ENC [L 7MY iP3.,I_ I. I 4. i I ';; [ I,. i I l. i 1X i, e Figure 30: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; nose cone, q = 45~,10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.14 GHz, vertical polarization, without

4 6 8 - i — — V. --- 1.__ PLMARKS r - /<, - /cc I- i.-:;::.., - I.. I -i - I!. ~!. -- -:: - - - - - -. I —: L i.1 i t i It e Figure 31: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; nose cone, p = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, with

I 66 -1 —{ — ---- -77 — 7773CC - I LIT ~1 ill -.8 150 I60o3, Figure 32: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3, frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, with nose cone, = 450, 10" calibration sphere.

0.:- I - ' -K~,. —,!,-J'-, 1- 7, r - 0 i.... i _ I;Ii F 1 f~LI t t II ihi I i ti &:i' t ' i ~t:-' '1 i!, n hbjI /jl IjY I I! i '' i; I I- i;; I ' ':i 1,tII i i i I, i; 1 E ' ' jjl 'i;i i i i / i' t j 2 iij; III;i Iii 0 4 4 Figure 33: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal nose cone, < = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. polarization, without

FNtGkS REMARKS F /v >";- *-.-.. J i. - x I,A ' r '/ / ' / / t.. I f.,l 1 4, if if I +. i 0 Figure 34: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; nose cone, + = 45~, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.14 GHz, horizontal polarization, without

/ -' -F..;I I I i ^- i t- -: ---- -A - \i. i -1 - - - k!~ ic It )1" ' i e Figure 35: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency = 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, with nose cone, p = 0~, 10" calibration sphere.

- c. ' t 'ARKS, ~~' *; I.. - 6 -10. --- —-i _2 ---- 1 --4 6,-i ---.... i -8 —" - t /. -. ___/c t -4 i t 4rt — +. -i -4 - I ll i - i t iL i 1 fc iI ) i KY j ti ~i i I II I i it I 6 Figure 36: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, with nose cone, q = 45~, 10" calibration sphere.

i LI I III I - 4 - A (K'-: i-lo-: --! — - - X.. 4_.. R Ir o 1:.... ---- -t - 6-i.. - - - - - - -- - - - - 'l, - - i 1...- -.t Ii 1 -,' L hi; Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, without nose cone, q = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. Figure 37:

' 0? - t A F:. e v 'L i c NGRS. REMARK - / A:.O ~ T f- i)L,. I 9 Figure 38: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.23 GHz, vertical polarization, without nose cone, p = 45~, 10" calibration sphere.

E- T? ~ '. ~ ( REMARKS i f " /2 - I tf s A- i, -,j1;!t E Figure 39: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; nose cone, ~ = 0~, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, with

4 i — e I l ---- I: 4 ENGRS REMARKS..... - - -- i` i ~Ili -i t I - -2. 6 IV IX;..i 8;0:, I-:,...r -5 40 6 Figure 40: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; nose cone, ~ = 45~, 10" calibration sphere. frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization with

.:r.- ' -T - //, - -REMARKS /. _f I. i - - * - - - - - - A; / y ii.. i..i..r I, --, U u '- NcL I, *l e Figure 41: Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone,~=0~, 10" calibration sphere.

-l 2 I1 RFMA? K, A- ii 6 - 4 8 - -. ---I I -10 --- — 2- - -— t -4 6 --- - -- I~* ' - I i 68 - - 2: - +. '-x I II L i -8' ~.0 - II i.,! 6; IO 0* Backscatter characteristics of missile #3; frequency 12.23 GHz, horizontal polarization, without nose cone, p = 45~, 10" calibration sphere. Figure 42: