EXAMINATION OF NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIOACTIVITY IN THE SEDIMENTS NEAR THE DONALD C. COOK NUCLEAR POWER PLANT Final Report Prepared by Phillip Plato Department of Environmental and Industrial Health School of Public Health The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Submitted to: The American Electric Power Service Corporation New York City, New York May 31, 1973

LAKE MICHIGAN 50 100 150 200 0~n 300 -. -loo.0 * 250* GRAND MARAI5 3 i — 0E | I ~innmAM 2 L 150_ CREK NUCLEAR POWER 2 4 KIL6OMWERS PLEA GRAND MARAISVER HARB 0 2 4 6 8 10 STATUTE MILES Figure 5. The deltaic facies produced by the St. Joseph River in Lake Michigan is shown. Each dot represents a sediment sampling station. The contour lines represent counts per minute of cesium-137 as measured in the field from the gamma ray spectra produced by the various s ^olimint- qCamI r.n; s

:':~:::::~:::i:::::;:: S31IN JO 31V3S i:|:| ii!|ii|ii|:ii:iii:::::i:: iii:iiil:"'-l...01 6 8 1 9 S Z I 0 1 Illllll ZL~~~~~~~~~~~61'9S~~-S aun|912.1 SNOIIVIS SNfldVU IVS 1N3V1AII3S 511 161 4 V0'2tn5Ta 9 ~ ^llll~lllili 9 azn6 Tj llllllllllll~lllilllill5lll|| V9 6 ~s I I l -i -.. t.. I.t...ltlr i. r.rl..ll... Hd3S.....................^........l l. * e *' 4 2 V. *s *% ^ *.='1'iiii..' -...:.-!i:iiitiiiiii i\ i*:!i i -i:;!:.-, T. a iiiS.iSHS., \ v. *^ v y ^ v o ~ ~:.tlflftliill-.lll.illllM^^^^^^^ ~ y.~. i~'*94~'8 i,::.:.: -:-I - ^S -s - -, -'.'. 1, I, 1 - a -:.., -,..'... ~ * -.~ - ~... ~..... ~-.. I:iii-::i:: i::::!:: ~iii:: iii::i::i:: i —:: i::i::!::::: ii-ii:-:::i:.: i:: i?:i::!:::!:: i.iiiii:: ii.::i::..:!ii:iii:i?~iiii~:-. P 69S -....*..................::-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-DU J II / ~ El S.30.''6'9c~''" 1 ~ ~:..:........,:...........................:::::i::::.:::'::':? i;^:-:::::;;::;:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::;::^...................................................... 6....'......-...'........:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ili: ii:::i:::i:: ii:?: ii::j:Ji~AI:: i iiiii::f 8IZ B::;:::;:.:.:;:-:..................::::...... B::::::::::::: 6,Q i1i^^i^^il^'* T ~ iiiiiiiii:: ii:: ii::: -:*:;:;::;;:: i l: l~ll::;::;;:; j tIi i i1'ttllllil " 001 -~....61.. U 1L:)I 54? D' i:C-::: -....,-,..,,..'......."' - -","''"...".,-. - "..,,...........',,,.........''. - I.......,......................~.................................~ ~......... ~....... ~......... ~...... ~...................... ~............................~1... v...I -..... - 1.. I.......,.,........................,... ".......................~..,.................'......~..................,..~.,.~...~.........'..............................~..,..................,...... "''...........'.......1....".~..~.,....'.~....,....I............'...........,...........................6 t........E. ~.............. l )......~~~~. ~.....~1..~.........."....'.... ~......,.. ~........'.....................~...........~..........~......... ".....,.............. —.,.............................'.........o.....................1 1.. 1 ~.. ~........................ I........ ~.... ~.............:::::......::::::~-............,...............................................~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~f~&...1....... 1:::::::::::::::.:.. ~............o.. -.............. Om 0~

~~~~~~~~~............4..) ~''~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.................................~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,,, m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ m m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ mm~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ m ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............. m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... Lj~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ m ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............ t n........................4... mj.......4....... m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~................. m......... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~................. 4~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~................... ~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~................... ~~~ ~ ~............. ~~~~~~~~"-,...._....-..........u ~ "'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.........................................-~ m ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..................... o~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........I................ ~~.....~.......................................................................................~.....................~............................................~..................................~ / L_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......

18 U~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3 /~~~~~~ U U II 4 a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lc River ~ ~!ii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:ii~ii- f'!::' 323 5~~~~~~...:.;:!i Lake Michigan:il~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~UH HAVEN' Blac.... *' River...... ii'i i O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ \ SOUTH i 3~~~~~~'ii!11:in ii i ii~i!!ii i......ii ii i i.... A ~~~~~~~~PALISADES 9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NUCLEAR 10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~POWER ~ ~~~~~~PLANT A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ r~~~~~~~~ I~ 2 3 5 1 3::!tii:;' i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:::::iii.:.:::::, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ UIA ~::!iijil~:''s,4',3 IZ r,'rltittttt~ttr:!:~.i....iii:.. ~~jjiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.::::~iiiijjiil r ~~~~iiiiijiiiiiiiiiil''iiijirilj::lilrij'jj::.:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:.iii~ii~:...............lr l11 1':iil I~~i~i-r~tftii~ll!-~i ylttrtrrltllt~~t~l':!:-:.................. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:......... ~ ~ ~iir~t~t:f...f it.:.lyli tr.If f~t':rtl......!....p r Z!!i!i!ijijiiii~iiii.iiiii!. 1.....iii....: i r _I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r~~~~~~~~~~~ /r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~jj~~i~!iiiii~iii~i~~iiii~i!iiii!i!ijijiiijjiii~!~ii!:~ii ~:i::!:i:~:~:?~;'::: F~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~.................,...,.......,...,.....,..,..:''..:::: iiilli:liiill-l:jll::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::ilt:j:::::::.:.:i:;:':.:~ -..:... -!:i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.........................................:;:':'. iiii,'............:-:..:.: r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'.i~~:i triii!i:.............iijijiiili":if,....:i: j:i 13 ~.::::- liiiiiiiiij~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.::::~:~.- t~ii;,.iliiii~lllll~ifiiii...................-;i!~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ &, -'::::::::::::*;".'.;::::::~:::i::::!::: i.: Il:1II i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I..........~~~~~~~~;iii~ii!:?iii...-..,....~ ~~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~.....:...:::::.:::::.':" vtr I~fI~i~t~~.:::::~i:~1:~::l~l:~l:.:i:::::~-:-:~:- ~.!:::':!:i:'..::::::Ii:-_: 1::i:::::, 1: i-~l-l1:':: Il:~i:li::'-:.........:...........::.............:.:::i.........i. Ir e~~~~~~~~~~nTO#::ii[::i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l-.illllliljli~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.llilj~~~~~~~~~~~~~iij:_-ij:~-::::'::~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:.: iil:i.~~ r ~ ~ ~ H IRBOR-:_: =:::_: —_:::::::_::::::_:_ _ -I~~~~~~~~~~................::'..::::::::::::::::::::::... -.:....... JO SEPH.~~~~~~::............... ~,~,~,-,:~,: ~ //~ r " "'iiiiii!.iiii~j iij iiit i i l iiiii iIr ~~~ 1: ttl:~.~::::~: r,// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ i, rI Irlr~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~arait - iii~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.iiiiii!' r iiiiiriiitii~~~~~~~~~~~i!iii iit i~iitiiii~i:! ii;i~i;iiii~i~ii::E'i u e 8 i::: r:':..:::6rn':~::;~!? -;,~:,,, / ~ ariiiiii iiii iiiiri~i: ~~i!!ii~~!i~ii~i~~i~iiii!!i~ii~i~ii~~iii ]i:;i::::ii~it & A ~ & A ~..:..:L a k:~ii~;;i;i;i~i;i~i~~iii~;~;;!;iii;i:i!ii.iii.i!......~.i~~~~..................::::::::::::::............... i::::-.............'.::::.':..........'~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~o~oC ol' iiiiijrl.iiii:iiij:l1:i;:EIM-f3.;::............... ~:;;li~iiil~i~il~ii~i~iii....i::iiiiii. &.-:~........................:~:-i"' ~r..,,oc. oo,!iiiiiiiii!111!i~ii;!iiiiiili~ii!i!!ii~ ~,~ -,~......... ~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~~~~~~i~~~~~~~~~~~~it~~~~~~~~~~~ i~:::::tIi:: && iiiiiPLANT ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~.....................'::......'...........':......~ itUCLEAR POWER i~i~i:i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:ii iiiiiiiiilil:i~iiiiii~iiiiii.i pi/g r I...... ~iiii~ ii~irit iiiiiiitiii~iii!11~iiiyiri~i!!i~ii!irii.:...:............. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.../:.!!!i i!!!!i i!i ii!;:!:!i!;!;! ii i i i!i!!iiiiii i!!i?......................... -:......................:::1:::::':1::i1 t.....................

-..... .4.0 (109 00.0 0 0 0 I 0 0 000 010( b,00 0 0 P 0 to 0 DI0 0a rDo0e a 0 w 0.0 *aI m 0,,.1, 00,- - I K a 10 0 0:.,,. —. 9 n;:::= =Y,....,,,-........... 10:...... Z'.........................,......".- a....I..............'..........0a.............. 0 b.:3,........I......w000............:::::,:::::::::............X.:... PI DIm............................. t 10 (I 0 0,0 b.wa (.P:-l.-.-.-.-.-:-:-:-:,:-:,:-::-.:..:...10 oo P. 10 b,.......................................::::::::::::::::.....,.,.,.,....................: -:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:- -0.............................,.010wa.............:-:.:.:.:.:,:.:................:::........op..........".-.....::wa.................................,.,............................ (A lo,..................................................0 00a a............ "D. so.a...................:::................................,....:::::::...........I............... I..................... T.'' PWpoll P........................................,........................... -::,-i-..: &-,... — bo b.a..........,.. I I I...........::,-ooma...........,...,.,.,......................,..::: 4=,-:.:::....,-...'.....-....- —......::: I-.1......... I ...,.,.......,.................mlo 61.. 1. ....... -...,::: —.:.,=..I.........,............ ii...b,.......".................... k, lo. b, - ...............................:::::::::a::::::::.: 30- rm ".".""',....m...-,:,:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:...................:.:-:.:.:.:.:.::-:.:-:.:-:-:.:.::..:.:::. CA, -:-.................................................... :i!% rn X.................. D,.....,.....,..,....................:::::::::=:::a..,...,.,.,....,.,.................. -:: - C2:::::,.,.,.,.,.,.,...........................:::,m..............,.....................::::::::::::::::: r — 31C.... I..,.,..............,................. a's:: P. ...........,.........................................::::::=::.... 00 O.,..,..........................,.............. - -.:.F-.:..:.:-:-:.:.:-: ea Ca.........'...............................,................"........................................ .........................................,.................., -:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:- Pr -%......................::::: -0 C,:.................................................,.......,..................................................:i:.:::i:i:-:j:j 10 10.. I..............................,.................. -..........-cn"=:...............,.............,,.............."........................',......r.........:::::...0.........................::m......................:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-..0..........................''....................................................................:,::::-: go C=.......... D. b.......................I...........................'.................'.......................................,............,..,......-................................,.,......................:::::: I" X.%::::::::::::::::::.:.:......................................................................................................... I',,,,,,,,,, ".",.."...."."... -..................................".-...........................,......:..::=:, -,,,,, -,, "."".............................................................I...........................................................................................................:.,.,.................................,a.......................................................................................... a...........................................................,..........................................."..........................................................,.,.,.................................. ........,................................................,........ - - -.:.:.:.:.:.:-:-:.:.:-:-:-:-:-:-:-.......................................................... -.................-P.................I..................'..............'....,''. ..................I.............................bI............................................,.-......'...... .............................................. bbDo 0,.......................................... I ....................................,......................".............. I..................................... ............................,................................. I. .......... ................................ Dole'.................................. 0..................................................................................''..............................,......................................,.,..........,............................................................................................................................I....................................... .,...................................,....,.....,.,.,.,.,.......................,.".................................................................................................................................... - -....,.,................................................................................,.................,........... I............. I.. ................. I...........................,.....................................,.............,.......-..............................- -...................................................,................................. '....,.......,...,........................................................................I............................................ I..........b.................................................................. I..............,.............,.......................,.,...........................................................................................................,-.....,........................................................,,..............................................................-...................I..................... I.............. I I.... .........................................................,.............,......................,....,.........................................................-........"."........... - .................................................................................................................... -,... -..................... ............... ........................................................................................................................................... m.....................I........................................,......-.,.,.-...................................................,:::ii,.:::i::,.....,.........,............ =1:."."."."..."".,..".'r'.."."................,...........................,.............................,.........................r.................................................................. ......,..,.,. -:.i...................... - .............-........................,...................'-..............................."..,......................-........................,........................................."...........-.-.-.-................ - I..... .............I.......................... -...................'.........:::-:::::.,... ,.........'...1'.. m,I..,.......,......,..................,.....'...'....'......,....,..........'.............,..-......... -.....................,.........::::::........ - ......................................................... ......'.............'................................... ..........,..,...-.............,..............,........,................,...............:.:::.........................".......-......... -. .... I I.....I....................I......... 1........,.,.............,...........'...,,.,,., --.............................................,-........,..a......:.:-:-:,:,:-:...: —:-:-:-:-:-:-:., "".'."'-,..''.,...".'.''-'.'.'.'-,.,.-,-,.,..,.''.,.,.,.,-,.,..,....,.,.,.'.'.'.'..'..'.'..'.,."'."'.,.,.,.".,.,.""".,-:::::::::,.... P..........................................................................:::,::::::::: =C=......,...........I........ -.........................................'' Z- Cb:-:::-::.:.........,.,.,....................-.......................... ......,.,.......,..,................ -"::,,0,-,-................m....,.......,.....,.,,,....................................,...................................................,.,................,........:: -,.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.::.:.:: Zr" :.................................I................................................................................. — ........r.......................I............'..'..............-..'...................,.........................,.........,.."........'...,..........,.............................. ......................,... -... ........................::,=:.:-:.:.:.:.:.:,.V..,.................................................................::,: -C....................a m..........:.:-:.:.:.:..-.,.,.,.,.".",..,.'.1'...''.,.,.,.,..,.,....".'.'.,.-..,.''."..-'..'''.''.'.'.''.'.,...,...,.'.".'...'...".',:-:-:-:-: CX3 -— 4:-:-: 4............'....,''... -:::::::::::: =r:::::::::::::.:.:.:., C>C>.:.:.:. —- - - --.,.,.,.,.,..... ------—. —.. I... -:::.:::: Ca "I"'.""" ".::::.......................................................-.........I.....:........................ ....................... -:.:.....::::::::::::::::":::::::::::::::::::::,.",'.',.................,,,,''-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-,.",-,.,.,.,-",.,-.........I...............II..-.-I..........................l...........I............................- - -.... - - - - - -,: = 2c::::::::: as:-.........,...................................................,.........................,..............................:::::::::...................I.............................'............................... -,..,.,.,.... -'............... I.........................."..................................... 0.................................................. I......................I.....I..................I......................................................................................................-.I... 1".I.I.I.I.I...........................................-.-..,.-...................... I...............:.................................................................................,..................................,.,......................I.............................,.,.,.,.,....I.....-.....,....................................................................... -........,................. ...".....................,...........,.,.............................-............... I I.......I...............................................................I........................................ I..........I....................................,............".............,............................................................................I......................... I.....- ..............................:.,..'..'.'..,.,.,.,..,..,..,..,,"".....................,,-,-,. —X -,:::::::::::::::: C.":::::::::::::::.:::::.,.,.,- N............................... .....,..-...... r'..".................................. .......... I I.............................I......... 0 -.-.-. —-................I......-...............................,.............................,..................,.-.,..........,..................."......:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:.......................,.,.....................-.,.,-,.,.,.,I,.,. -.-....-.................,......... I .....,.-.,.,.,..,....0 N.....-..............................-.............................................:::-: a m.................................... -.-.,.,.,.-.,.:::........'...'.............:::i,.i. 1-11........... -,-,.....",.,.",...........,.......,.,.,.,.,......;o:,...'.......................-.........................I........I...............I......I................................:-:-: —, —-,-,-,-,-.-,.,,-,-........... "............................,.................,-'''''',-,,.. ro,......................'...............,....'..................,.,.,.., -.................... ......................::.... I ........................... '.....,....................,.................................:.:::.r...,.'.'_:::............... I.-.............'...... I..................................................,-............................... I.. I........ ............................,,,,.,, "..,:,...........:i-..-..-..-.-.--...::.::::.:: —..............::: C"D.............-.............. ...................................... I..........:::...............I........................................................"........... I.......,-,,,.-.,,,,,,, """' II-j,- """""""""""' "' "" """"""""""' " "........:::::......,.......0.:: — -...................................-l,.,.,.,.,.-......... I...............:......-..:-::-. 3w..................'. -0 0...............................................,.,......,...........,........::::::.::::. a................................-.......................................I.........:.:.:. f-.......................,....................,...............I.I...........-......................... I.........................................0 m.................................................................. — -............................. - I............................................................................................ I.......................... - I........................................................................ I..,...................................................................I......................................I...........,."...,.,..-::::::: M....... (-)0::. -,. i., .. - La "' """"' """""""' "' """""""".D, 0....'..............................................................."............,..............-.............................,................,..................... -..".",.. I.................................................,.....''..... ................................................................................................'.'...".......................'.........::::::................... - .....................................................................................................................I................................................. ,.......................... -.........................................:::....................................................................,:::x,:::Z::::....................................,.......,......................................................................:",........,'' -....................................................................................................... I........................................ -............................................................................................ 0....., ".................................,.................,..............................................................................,..............,.,.,...........a,,.,.,.,.,.,C-":::::::::::::::::::::.,-,.,............... -:: -"...........I...................I................'.......................................................................... - -.............I......:.................:.........,.,.............,......................."..................,..........."................................,................................ -......................................."..''..................0...................,........................:::::.::::.....I............. I...........................................,..............'...........................,...............................,............................I..........I..........................m............. 40 C...............................-,.....................'.'.....................-.....,.. -.......................................... ".,.,................................I I -..-.-...-..-.,-.:::::: 31C.........'.............. I...................,......................,.,. ,.,.,.-.....,...........................,...............................,.......................,................................................................................................................................ - I........-..................................................................,.,.,".,.:::::.:::::::::::,.,-,.,.,-,:,:::: j:=............. -9.............................,....................................................................................................,.,.......,......,....,.......,..............-........................................'..................................... -.....'...................................,.............,........................,.....,............................................,................................."...,.,.-...-..,.,.,.,-,.,:. - C":::::::::::::::::::::::.,.,.aK""................,...-..,.................. ........,...,..........................................................................................-.....................................:.:-:.:.:.:.:.:.......................,................ ........ -: -''...."'.'...................................................... -...................'...............,......................,............:-:-:-:: -,........................:-:-:-:-:-:-:-;-:-:-:-:-:-:..,.,, -.................................................. ..........,.....................,................,........................'................,-..-..........................................................:-:-:-:-X-:-:-:,:-:-:-:-:-:-,,,,,''. ".,..,...,.,.,..,."..........,..,.......:-::.:.:.:..-........t.D... ..................... ........................................ -,,'',.....................:::::, -C^:-..,-,...,.....,..,.,-,.,.,.,-,-.......:....'... -. —,.,-,.,..:..................I...............,..........................................................'.....'..................................... -.-..,. I....,... ..........,....,... I.....................................................:::::::::::........................................................................................ -......'.........'...................................................-..,.,.,.,.............3(; -.-.-.-.-............. - ......................,.....,....................................... --........................ .........................................."...............,...........-....,.,........................ I........................................0 ...................................... ..........................,... - .....I..........I................. "...'....., .......... I..................:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:.:.,....... ",..................I.................-..............,..........................................................,...................:-.:::::, — 4:-:-::--:,:-:-:-:-: -. —-—,-..... ...............,. I............... ..... ...............,..... ,..-..,..... .............,.I.........,.,....................... I."....... -.........-...............:::.......................:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:.:.:-:.:.:.,, -- -:-................ I.,.....-.. -................................... -.1'................."............ - .... .......,.",............... -.......-....,.,. I..................,...,....."............ ... "... I......I.................................. ..,........,........,.,.....,.................... -............I....I..........-....... -..........................'..............I...........".1......................-........:::.:.:,.,................. -.:..:.:.,.,.,.,.,-,.,.,.,.'.'.''.'- - -..,.1..............,...............,................,......................................... -,..-.......................,...-........"............,.............:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:.:-:.:........,..........,........:.-.....1...........I......-........................I................r........ I.. -..Ln """""....................................... 1. ..... ...................................,..................I...,.,.,.,......,,,......,.....,,......,......,I.....,........, I."....,..."..........r -..................................".. ..........-,-..1.I....I,...... ................,. -,...., - ...........I.................... I..''.........,::::::.......I,.,,-.,, -.... I - -.. I ....................... I I.......I....... ,... -..,...... I.....,,.......,........ ................. ......... I......... I..-......'..-................................................,. .....................-,....-.........I.....I....I.. 1. ...,.. 1.......'............-........................-,.,.-........................'........................... 1", """,...................:-:,:-:-:-: la,I.........................,.I........................I....................................:::-". - a*:::,-,....,.....-..,,-..,.....-.,... —...,..................I......................'.........'........... .....,...............''. I.,'..-...... I.,...-.,.,-. . I....... I - I......I....... I I........ ...I..........::::.:.:.:.:.:-,.::.:.:...........................:.:.:.:.:-:.:.:.:,:- I- M.-;:::: —.-. - r...........I............. - ...........,.1... - -,-,........................ -.. -... -. -...... I. I -.... I ................. . 1........1...... I.............. I -,,............ -.1,.............. I... .-........ I.,.-......I..,...,...... - -........ Iq............... I...............,...,.:.::::::::::::::::::: 1.. C ")- r- I:-:-:-,.:.:,................. I........... I.-................... I...... I -,,,::::::::.,:: !,-........,.- -:: -::... I. -.... I --.. I I,....-......-.. -.-I- - -......I-...I. I .......r....................I...... r..... -,.1............... .......... - I........."........"......I........... -'.....-..ll;r, I.,...I....... I I..... I...-''............I.........,..''.. - -:::-:-:-::-:-X -:-: a m -.,...,......1.11 I..I.,....-. -....,,.. ,.. I...... - II. -.1.1.1....-..... -... -.. . -...... II I.......I ............... -...-.-.-.......-.... I,.......r,'...l....-. I-.........l...-......I.................. ..,.......,-.......11-...- 1........ I....,..........,...........I I 1.. ...... I 1-1........ —...... - --... I......,.....I.................................................,.... - -. - ........ .,... -..,., M CA:::::::::::.::::::...,.1.-.. I. I..........I... I..I........... I..., —-.,..,-,..,.- - - - -::::-::::::::::::::: — 4,.,..,.,.,.,.,.... I..........,........ -....-...... ...... - -...,... I... —....I..... I..... ..,-:.:.:.:.:.::-:.:: I...........",... I -... ....-1.I-..'.... -.. ...... -,.............. I.-:...............-.II...... I.... .... .. I...I........ .... -I.-...`................. ............ -...-............ 3 — l............,,I......... 1..... .. ....... I., -- -,....,................... I.................................-. -................................................. ''::.-:...:. CA3.::::-,,-.-,.-,,-..-.-. —...., I..I..,. — I ——,I -.. I................I...... - - -I I......,-.-.-.-.-.-.'.. -1 .......,... ....................... -,...,,........................ -.....'......................... 11............-.. 1... -. I...... I I......... - ........................ ..-I............I...............I.....................,-,-...I..,.....,,..,.... —--,......'.......'...... = C:).....:,.,..-.............. . ". "'.,...I...I....................I.......... I I ..................................................................................... I-... - I-,. - I. .... -- -.........I...... -......................I... -....,.,..I..'' -.....-I. -,-......................................,.............,............................... I.-.......... 1.1-1......... -',-.,,...I..................... -... -..1............................. -...,- - - - -....,..........,......."....... I r...........I...............I........ I I....... .11.1.........................-. I.................................... -,........ I 1.-.I.................................... ............................................-... .....I.... I I.....I.............'-......-...,....,,...-m:::::::...............I.......,.,.,................. I.....I.................................. -...-...............,............"... -I....,....,.................. - - ....I............................I... I I......................I.................... -............... - .................................... -I..........-.........'...-.,,an:-:-:-:-.....-...........................I... I.................. -.... ",.,.. ....................I.........I............................. "..'.........., ... I.-'.............-.4'.....,.-,...... -......,........................,..............-........................ . .....,...... -.. .....-, -... -,.....I... I. I. I. -..............................I...............-.......................I........... -.. I...... - I... ....... . ...I................................... I., ...,.,..,......I...................... -.... ......................... ..................'..........,...................................... I........................,-....,.........I............ -.. ........ -''........-I.........,..,.....,....................... -........ I............................................................................ I. I - 1. I.."................."....................'..."...............................................: .., —-, —,-,::: -.I I..............I........... I....1... ....................................,......,.......,........ -.-.-...-.-.-.......-...,............................................................ -.............I.... —.....,............... . -.....,,....,.......,... -.....".... ..................................... -.1........., -.:: —:-...-.-... ,,,.., —,.,.,,.. — -". -.. -...............................................................................................-,.....,....I..............,...'::.............. I. I .-.-...-..-....,-.........,. ................................................................-.,. ".......,....-.-. —..... -.1,,....... -......-.I.r-,,..l.l.l....................-........ I..,..'-..... I............ — l.-..,.......:::::.:::...........-..I.. -.1..1.......... ......................,.,........ -...........-................."..."..... I.. 1. - -.,., -.... ...........'..-I I... - -..... I -I,......-...,-,...,. 1....I......:::::. - I...I........ 1 1..... -. -...-=,:-,:.:...I.... I ...... 1.. - -.... 1.,..I......I1....I ....... I. .. I. ... .. I. I..I..-I ... I.. 1. I........'.1 I......... 1........1-.1 I.I..11I II I.....,......... I I..... - I . - I.. I -,. I.. I..... ..... .., I.. I... I...... I- -,-....,:.:: - C > -,.... I.,... I..,.. I I .. I... I,. I I. I I . I. 1 1. 1 1.1 1. I I.... I.. I. I..... ......... - - II .,I.I -.1....I.1...... -I I I. ..... 1...,. -:- -C C- - : I , . I.I I I I I........ . 1 1 1 1, 1. ..,... I I. . I ...... 1 I......: I. I . . I.....I. I.. I. I I I... 1. I.... - 1. 1.1 1....l.;.Io C. -,.. - . .I. I I.,....I I - I I. -,....... I -.. I I, .,. .,..,.I I -:.: m.: - . IZ _ & _, rll 1, I", -..I ... 1. . I........ . -. 11.1. 1.. -.. 1 1...... - I.. - - . I.. I.. I. I.. -.........l. ".., - -............I., - I. - I. -.......... I I...."... : — 4 -: _', .I. I11.1...... I —... I...... I11..1 I.... ---..,..... I. I.. I.... -,.. I.I.I.....-.,.. - rl..., -. -.1....................:::::.",,,,,,,,,...:-,,.....,,..:::::: ....I- .. ,.... 1. I.... -... I..... I I........ I -............... I......I.1 I.. "I........'. -....'..........,., 1. .. ......... -................... . -......I................... w =::::,::::.........,,,. 1. 1. ..... I..,. ......... .. -,.....-...... .. I I.''.......,.... .............. I... :::::.::,:'.... -0...... I.......r...'..'........''..-.. I...I...-I.... ... -.1..,I-... -..-.-.-.,.... ...................-...... 1.... I -. .................. I... I...........I.......'........ -. .. -....''. -.................I.I.... II., - -,I......... -—,.,........... -..,..,.. -...............- -.................... 1......X...-,11;, 1..-I I... ..... - -—.,..l....,.-..........................................-.....I........... -,,.,.......................................I.............. ,..- 1,. I- I. ...I........ -'....r... I...I... -.. I. I........................ I I......-...-..., I..............I.. -.:I.........................., -.., -.........,........... I "-,::::::::::: X-:-:::-.-.,-,-, - - ......'.......... .................... I... I I..... I I I ................... I.-.... .................................. - I....I........I.................. - III............ I..''.''..... .........-................. .. - - I.................................... .................... I... I.. ................-........ . I..., - -.,.........,. I-....1., 1..... I............. I......... I.,................ ................I.............................. I...................................,......... .................... I..................I..... I.... I.. I........ ..............- II........... - - I........,...,..................................................... 1.,r -..... - -......................-.. - ..................... -................. -......................... I....,....I......,,... I. . ... -....-, -.. -...... I I...., -,... -, ... r... I -............ -....,.....,. ...., -.........1- 1........ I......... I. -........ - - - -....,.I......,...... 11,..................I...I... I - ..........I - I......... I I........I................... 11.......-.. -.111.1.1.1.........-.. -.. - 1.1- I.-.......,.:- I... -............. I..,..II..-.1.11....,........... - - - -... I''....-....-.,.. I.. ....................-.. — I...-.1.1,I...........,......... .. -. 1 ................... 1. ... I....... - ... I.,..... - I .. I I ... I.... ... I .. - -.. I..... ..... - I- ... I. I I........ ... I...I..I.. 1 1,.... - I I... I....,. I 1..... .........II II . - ... ... I I.. I I I I I -I.. - -.., -. -... . - I.. I.,.....1. 1........ - -... I. 1 I. 1....II . 1 1 I - 1. I I I. .. I 1.. I... I,.... - 1I. -,.

0ct r)I:O Pi I,, -1 0 tr' (Dc P P OD 0 En c.............................. _.....,..................... o -.............. _7........................Zr* —--— RR* —**Z r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r * —------- — o:.....................:.:. *_........................................ * —----— Oo-.' -* -- - * —....................... -.*.*.*.*.-.-.-.*.-.-.*.-.-.*.*.-.-.-.-.* ~~~~~~~.......*..-..-.-.-..-.-.-.-....-.-_.._.. Cow__ *,... —.-..-.-.-.-. -.-.-.-.E.'..:.,-a -X...... -..v........ —- K\ I n =t'd'.{ t:: HN::::::.......... F::::: O:-:::::::............... ~~~~~~~~~~. ~X X.:.::-:-:~~~=~............ * —~ 0 0 ** —*s —-* --- --— * —-~* -- -*-* —...............................::::s:::.....................: —.......::-::::::::^::::::BZ::s::::::::::^:..-..r.l.......:: * ~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~.....:.......................... -- Z X........... -* —v —:::::::::: C~.~.~r~~~~~.~~~r.~r.....................~ r - --—... m...........................................:::::::-: —*:::-:*:::-:::.:.::.:.:.:.:,-............................::,.:::::..:.::-::::::::.:::::::::::::::::.:::.::::.....................*...-.-.:.*-... -:.:......:..................: —:: —:: —-t~~..... _t —-n.........* -- -*- 9*..........._.......-...... —........... ——:-.@.* —::::::::::.: * —_ —-— *-:O —---—. -.::.:::.::::::::::.:.-..-...-..-..-..-...-..-.-.-.-..-.-.-......................................................:::::.:::::::.:..... *:-:-::-:-:-::-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-::-:-:-:-:-.-....-.-..................... u, ~r~~:::::::::::::::.....................................::::::-:4:::::::::::::.:- ":*:.:*:::.::::::: -:-:.:.:.:.:.:-:.:,:-':-.:::::':0:::::'::::::::::::::::::';:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::,:::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~~.....'.... _.A. F ~ ~ ~ 7P................................. X.:...........~~~~~~~~........................................................~~:: ~~~::: ~o ~::: ~~::: ~~~:::~~:::~~~::~.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......................~~~ C) ~~~~~~~............... ~rr ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~.................... ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~............................... ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,~............~........... ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~~~.......................... I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~r ~~.................................. ~: (A.~1~~ ~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~X~~ ~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ r':~::::::::'''''~''''''' ~~.............................................................................................................................................. IP:::::::::::::::::............................................................( ~r~~~~~r'~~~,~~~~ ~..................................................................................~~~~~~Pg::.. Z Xx.:~ ~~~~~r~+~~~~.............................................................................................................................................................................. ~~-J ~~~~~~ CIP:~:~:~:.:.:.~~~~~~~................................................................................................ %1.1.1......................................~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,.=. ~~~...I-.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................:::....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ~~~~~ ~~

Enc 0 rt:3 Al rt- rt 0 I-,-I 0~ ~~~~~~~~~~~00 0 t.. ~- -m I.~. 1 o.,................., 0.-e 0 n:3' 0 n )JI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' C (~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(i IZ En ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~.......... ----—.____<.................. -----—'*' * V'.........................______ _...................,. cV-I:: ——: —:::::::::: ^z:.:.-:............ _ _: -—::: —::::: —:z -::. —-..... Z _-I....................._.................r CO~,~................................ z q...:::::::::::::~:::::::::::::::::o_ m ~J I.................................................. _.................,,, O - ~~._...... _........ * * W-**.. t::::::::::::::::-:::-::-:::::::::- -: —- --- V0 —~W,.:-:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~:~::.............;.:::::::::::-r::o::::-:-:-::-:-:: Zr ~::-::-::-::::-::-:: —: —: —:-: i~. — --::::::::::::::::::::::.:::. /....................................... S.......-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-........X —_n:::::'''`I "' —''' — _:::::::::::: -''-'-' -'' —' —-'mZ*' —* —-----— i —----— >>:~:f~:r~.: - -:::::-:-: 1 *:-::::::::-:: -r —:-:-:-:-:::::-: -:::z-:::::::::::::: rt:-.:-:::::::::::::::::-:-'':- - -- ~:-:::::::::::fc::::-:-::-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:: -:-: —--—:::::: —-- -::::..:.-:-:-:-:-:-:-::::...-.-.-... - - r o.. s............... -.....,..... _... - -........................................................ r::~::::-:.:.:::::::::::: C~. ~::::::::::::~::: ~::~::-:~: c: -:-:-:::: a:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-::-:-:.:: -::::::::::::::: —-----—:::::::: ylf I m::::::::::::::::::::::::::: s ~~~~~~~~~; J:~~~~~~~~~~~~~::::: l......::::::::::::.............................................. _................................................. -......;..........................;......................;.............................................. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~::: ~~~::: ~~::: ~~~:::~ rt,:::~............................~~~~~~~~~~~~~'~~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r~~~~~~~~:::;:::i:::~~~..............: ~~~:::: ~~~::::~~~ m u:::::::::::::::::....................~... ~~~...~..:: ~~~::: ~~~rb:::::::::::::::::::~~....................~~..~~..~~. " " " "' " " " " " "........................ ~;:;~~~~:::;~~~~::::~~~.....................-.~.::::::::::::::::::rriiiiirtiii::::::::::::::::::::::: L ~:~~:~~: ~~: ~~::~::~::~::~:;~~::::~~:~~::~:.............................:::::::::::::::::..............................~~:: ~~: ~~::~:: ~~::~::~~:

ocn 0 0 r o PrtEn 1) 0 ^ (D O i0 ~'f ^ F-A ~ 0 )* (D O ^ v^ - 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~% N~~~ - o-. -~~~~~~~~~0 Z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...........,....'*"'""*'"'"'/"""'\0....1.1.~'l^ ^............... ~ ~ ~ ~ w-...........-D......... ob................~ ~~~~~~~~~~-I..........-D......................

Table 4. Correlation coefficients (r) for all 25 sediment samples of Group I and Group II from Appendix III. Only coefficients greater than.50 are shown. Cs (field) 1.00 Cs-137-.95 1.00 Zn (Robbins) 1.00 r =.80 - 1.00 strong correlation Zn^_-~.94 1.00 ~~~~r =.50 -.79 moderate correlation -------------- ----! —-;- ----.r <.50 (omitted) weak correlation Cu __ __ 1.00 Cd.51 1.00___ Cr.87.88.55 1.00___ Ni.67 1.00 Pb.64.70.69.90 1.00____ Dieldrin.58.60 1.00 DDT.__ __ __ 71 1.00 PCB.__________ ________.72.90 1.00 Zr-95 1.00____ K-40.62.73.64 ____1.00 _ Ra-226 0___.54 _________1.00____ Th-232.72.75.70 ________________ ____ ____ ____ __________________ _______.96 1.00 N rd $.~~~~~4. P Lfn O r vn.: N U U U Z a P l Q U cy~ ^ C H P I CM C( U) Hl N e U cJ) H n a ~Q U0)

35 r =.88 STRONG CORRELATION 10 * * * * * * 8 85' * * h) 4 * * 2 * *.! * 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 CHROMIUM (ppm) Figure 19. Scatter plot of cesium-137 versus chromium for the sediment samples from Appendix III. The plot shows a strong correlation (r =.88).

0@ zo o U~~~~~~~~~~~(o rn...... *................... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~.....

-40 ~ ~ 0 I 0~~~~~~~ to ~ o~........... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ N............ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ (DE ~ z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.................W.b..q m~ z F 5~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..............

43 TABLE 9. Summary of measurements made on the sediment samples from areas High-M and Low-M shown in Figure 22. Is High-M >Low-M at Following Average of Average of High-M Conf. Level? 10 Samples 15 Samples Ratio 90% 95% 99% 90% 95% 99% Variable Area High-M Area Low-M Low-M Cesium-137 Field (cpm) 390 + 29 142 ~ 33 2.75 +.67 x Lab (pCi/g) 8.54+.55 3.19 ~.68 2.68 +.60 x Dr. John Robbins Zinc (ppm) 243 + 36 173 + 21 1.40 +.27 x Michigan Water Resources Commission Zinc (ppm) 261 + 54 149 ~ 19 1.75 +.43 x Copper (ppm) 32.7 ~ 1.3 25.2 + 3.1 1.30 +.17 x Cadmium (ppm) 3.5 +.3 4.0 +.4.88 +.12 Chromium (ppm) 43.2 + 1.5 21.5 + 1.8 2.01 ~.18 x Nickel (ppm) 12.0 ~ 1.3 15.3 + 1.3.78 +.11 Lead (ppm) 98.0 + 2.0 64.3 + 4.9 1.52 +.12 x Dieldrin (ppb).75+.08.57 +.05 1.32 +.18 x DDT (ppb) 19.1 + 4.5 9.8 + 2.1 1.95 +.62 x PCB (ppb) 48.5 + 8.4 29.7 + 3.3 1.63 ~.34 x Radionuelides Zironium-95 (pCi/g).436+.142.457~.109.95 ~.39 Potassium-40 (pCi/g) 15.02 +.49 18.50 ~ 1.92.81 +.09 Radium-226 (rel.) 3.86 + 1.40 4.88 ~ 1.01.75 +.33 Thorium- 232 (rel.) 3.27 ~.14 3.70 +.45.88 +.11

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 3 9015 03695 6483