Technical Report No. 219 036040- 11-T UNDERWATER SOUND PROPAGATION IN THE STRAITS OF FLORIDA THE MIMI LUNAR-CYCLE RECEPTIONS by R. nenkant E. Tury Approved by Theodoe G. Birdsa Theodore G. Birdsall for COOLEY ELECTRONICS LABORATORY Department of Electrical and Computer The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Engineering Contract No. N00014-67-A-0181-0032 Office of Naval Research Department of the Navy Arlington, Virginia 22217 January 1972 Approved for public release, distribution unlimited.

ABSTRACT This study is part of a continuing program of underwater sound propagation research called project MIMI. The report covers reception and processing and a limited number of analytic comments. Data acquisition starfed on 13 December 1966 and ended 10 January 1967. The test timing and duration were chosen to allow closer examination of propagation anomalies previously observed during the early winter and to obtain continuous data on an entire lunartide cycle (approximately 28 days). The major objectives were to provide data for the design of more extensive experiments and to test the programs and techniques associated with the LINC-8 computer. The transmitted signal was a 63 bit pseudo-random sequence having a period of 1. 2 seconds. The sequence amplitude modulated a 420 Hz carrier. The data samples were each six minutes long and were taken at two hour intervals. Signal processing was designed to yield both multipath information and data on anomalous path conditions. The principal success of the study has been in the improvement of processing programs and experiment design. *ii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions made by the several institutions and individuals involved. The stimulating support by the Sponsor, Acoustics Programs, Code 468 of the Office of Naval Research, made possible the present development in the MIMI Project. The enthusiastic and skillful work by members of the Acoustics Group of the Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS), The University of Miami, and in particular by J. Loewenstein and T. Crabtree, on transmission and reception, implemented the success of the experiment. In the organization of the Stochastic Signal Processing Program, Cooley Electronics Laboratory (CEL), The University of Michigan, the outline for the experiment and data processing were given by the project director, Dr. T. G. Birdsall; R. Veenkant and E. Tury designed the computer program; E. Tury wrote the programs and set up the equipment for photographic recording; P. Wood processed a portion of the data; R. Baker wrote Appendix C and made the final photographic runs. The IMS members mentioned above, performed the actual experiment and recorded the analog data. iv

The authors would like to express their special gratitude to B. Lastinger and the personnel in the CEL Reports Office for the careful processing and assemblage of the large amount of photographic results and for the drawing of the illustrations. Several drafts of the manuscript were typed by Mrs. A. Fulmer. V

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS vii 1. INTROD UCTION. 1 2. LUNAR PROCESSING HARDWARE 4 3. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LUNAR PROCESSOR 7 3.1 Scaling 10 3. 2 Description of CALTONE 13 3.3 Output From PROCESSO 14 4. DESCRIPTION OF RICKY POST-PROCESSOR 17 5. PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING OF THE RESULTS 19 6. DISCUSSION OF SEQUENCE RESULTS 20 7. A PROPOSED ON-LINE PROCESSOR 25 APPENDIX A: TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF AMSEQ 27 APPENDIX B: PHOTOGRAPHS OF RESULTS 32 APPENDIX C: FILTER CHARACTERISTICS AND 135 TRANSFER FUNCTIONS REFERENCES 147 DISTRIBUTION LIST 148 vi

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS I l l Figure Title Page 1 Off-line processing equipment configuration 5 2 Program system of Lunar Processor 8 3 Detailed breakdown of the PROCESSO por- 12 tion of the complete processing program 4 X-Y record from MCOR 15 5 CW1 x block format 15 6 Output file format 16 7 RICKY output format 18 8 Reception at MIMI-B 30 9 Normalized low frequency part of CMPRES RMS 138 spectrum 10 Details of CW1 normalized magnitude spectrum 140 11 Details of CW2 normalized magnitude spectrum 141 12 Details of CIRAV normalized magnitude spectrum 143 13 MCORI normalized magnitude spectrum 146 vii

1. INTRODUCTION A study of underwater sound propagation in the Straits of Florida and its relation to environmental circumstances, project "MIMI," is a joint effort by the Acoustics Group, Institute of Marine Sciences (IMS), The University of Miami, and the Stochastic Signal Processing Program, Cooley Electronics Laboratory (CEL), The University of Michigan. Experimental results are reported in publications of IMS and CEL, and in articles in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (Ref. 1), and at U. S. Navy Symposia on Underwater Acoustics (Ref. 2). Most of the experiments use a 420-Hz continuous wave transmission (CW) from a sound source off Miami (MIMI-A), and phase-coherent on-line demodulation (PCD) of the signals received by deep and shallow hydrophones off Bimini, Bahamas (MIMI-B). Environmental measurements are correlated with the amplitude and phase of the demodulated signal. The CW transmission power is approximately 95 dbpb referenced to one meter. The expanse of the Straits is 43 nautical miles; the maximum depth is 800 meters. The long term CW experiments are occasionally combined with transmission of a maximal pseudo-random sequence (SEQ) modulating the 420-Hz carrier to resolve the multipath propagation. While the instrumentation of all tests and the processing of the long

2 term CW experiments are done by the IMS Acoustics Group, the signal design and data processing of combined CW/SEQ tests are done by CEL (MIMI-C), using correlation techniques on a digital computer. Two previous reports describe the MIMI experiments of 3 and 4 February 1965 (Ref. 3) and of 11, 12, and 13 August 1966 (Ref. 4). The LUNAR'experiment of December 1966 covered a whole month, using periodic amplitude modulated sequence (AMSEQ) 1 transmission. The AMSEQ signal allows the simultaneous analysis of carrier power and phase, and multipath. The experiment covered the four weeks 13 December 1966 to 10 January 1967 during which 6 minute intervals of reception were recorded every 2 hours. This month was chosen for several reasons. A full month of transmission would encompass an entire lunar cycle. It is known that the tide affects the propagation. Hence, the results of this transmission would enable a better study of this phenomenon. Also, the dynamic weather conditions in December are quite interesting. The winter's first storms and cold fronts change the structure of the channel, thereby altering the propagation paths. MIMI-A has two LINC-8 digital computers built by Digital 1Appendix A discusses AMSEQ.

3 Equipment Corporation to be used as on-line processors. CEL has a similar computer and the responsibility of developing on-line processing techniques. This report describes the first complete processing system of the standard Bimini sequence reception on the LINC-8 digital computer. The algorithm used in this system is basically the same as the one described in Refs. 3 and 4. The purpose of this report is twofold. First, it is a presentation of data from December'66. Second, it is a demonstration of the feasibility of a rather complex processing system on this small computer. The system described in this report is not intended to be used at the receiving site. However, it demonstrates feasibility, sets some guidelines, and demonstrates some of the difficulties inherent in an automatic receiver.

2. LUNAR PROCESSING HARDWARE The organization of the equipment used in processing the lunar data is shown in Fig. 1. The analog tape unit, the phase-locked oscillator, and the LINC-8 computer are the heart of the processing system. One channel of the analog tape contains the 1680 Hz reference signal which is used as the input to the phase-locked oscillator. This oscillator then generates a coherent 1680 Hz square wave which the computer uses as a sampling clock for one of its A/D converter channels. The phase-locked oscillator output, rather than the signal directly from the tape, is used for the sampling clock because it is noise free, coherent, and present even when tape dropouts cause the taped signal to disappear. The A/D channel samples the data at the coherent 1680 Hz rate, which is four times the 420 Hz carrier frequency of the data. The peripheral hardware functions are: Bandpass filter: Removes noise that the tape recorder has introduced into the data channel. f = 420 ~ 100 Hz. Phaselock Monitor: Provides a visual picture of the phase locking process by adding the 4

5 Fig. 1. Off-line processing equipment configuration

6 Frequency Counter: Sequence Period Counter: Program Interrupt Circuitry (PI): phase-locked oscillator's input to its output and displaying this waveform on an oscilloscope. Provides a check on reference signal frequency (i. e., the tape speed) and also the free-running output of the phase-locked oscillator. Maintains processing coherency during tape writing by delivering sense pulses to the LINC once each period. The program waits for this pulse after each tape writing operation before it resumes processing. A pulse to this LINC circuit interrupts the computing and results in an immediate sampling of the analog signal (within 3 p sec).

3. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LUNAR PROCESSOR The original discussion of the lunar processing scheme is contained in Refs. 3 and 4. Therefore, only a diagram of the present algorithm and a brief outline of its subprograms is presented here (Fig. 2). DISPATCH loads the two programs needed for the real time processing (CALTONE and PROCESSO), and controls the operating sequence of the various programs. The six minute intervals of analog recording are called files. Each file begins with a precisely timed calibration tone. CALTONE maintains processing coherency between files by using magnitude and phase information of the calibration signal. Coherency is achieved by starting PROCESSO at the same time (relative to the calibration tone) in each file. CALTONE determines the necessary information by computing the average amplitude values of the sine and cosine components of the signal. These values, called XAV and YAV' are saved and later recorded. The received signal is described by r(t) = R(t) cos (o0t -0 (t)) = x(t) cos wot + y(t) sin wot CMPRESS samples the data once every 90~ of the carrier 7

8 DISPATCH 1. Lead System 2. Go to 2.0 2. L 2. 23. Sense Yes. Switch 0 up? No No_ CALTONE 1. Compute XAV z YAV 2. Monitor calibration tone. At end of caltone return coherently to 2. 2 in DISPATCH DISPLAY 1. Visual display of data on tape 2. Return to 2. in DISPATCH (via sense switch option) Fig. 2. Program system of lunar processor

9 and averages four samples to obtain one value. This process is a phase-coherent digital demodulation of r(t) into the low pass Cartesian components x(t) and y(t). For simplicity one pair of values [x(t), y(t)] is called a single "complex" value, z. In addition to demodulating, CMPRESS reduces the quantity of data by a factor of four. (For a more complete explanation, see Ref. 3. ) Two CW analyses are performed. The first, CW1, is a 1. 2 second integrate and dump, or, equivalently, a 1. 2 second filter matched to CW. The process is described by 1. 2(n+l) XCW1(n) =.2n x(t) dt and n = 0 1,...,N 1. 2(n+1) YCW(n) = 1.2n y(t) dt Since the process is digital, the integral is a sum over the 252 samples in the 1. 2 second time interval. This summation returns one complex value per sequence period. The second CW analysis, CW2 (which uses CIRAV), is the same as CW1 except for the averaging time. CW2 averages over 25. 2 seconds rather than. 2 sedsconds and returns one complex value per 21 sequence periods.

10 The sequence analysis is performed by CIRAV and MCOR. CIRAV is a circulating average process which returns one "representative" period from twenty-one actual periods of sequence. This process is described by 20 z'(I) = E z(I+n252) I = 1, 2,..., 252 n=0 MCOR performs a 1.2 second cross-correlation of the "representative" period with a stored reference (called BMSEQ), to obtain the multipath analysis. A complete discussion can be found in Ref. 3. DISPLAY is an operator-called display program which is used to view the output of the processing. This program may be called at the end of each file, but if it is,the analog tape must be restarted at the correct place to resume the processing. This routine is not normally used since it requires operator control. 3. 1 Scaling Since the arithmetic in the processing is performed in twelve bit integer mode, special care is taken to prevent overflow. Overflow is prevented by scaling the data at convenient points in the processor. Floating point arithmetic would also solve this problem. However, it is not feasible due to storage and execution time considerations. The scaling is always done by powers of two so that it

11 may be achieved by simply shifting the binary data to the right. The box, x - IS -- x', in the diagram denotes the scaling operation; e. g., suppose the scale factor is k = 2 then x' = x * 2 Si; x is actually shifted right Si binary positions. Any bits shifted out of the least significant position are lost. The diagram indicates those scale factors which are variable (computed) and the values of the predetermined scale factors. Since shifting obviously affects accuracy, it is performed only when absolutely necessary, and then, just enough to prevent overflow before the next scaling point. S2, the shifting parameter on the output of CIRAV is computed in the program because of the large fluctuation in the output of CORPS over long periods of time. S3 and S4 are both chosen equal to 6 - S2 to maintain constant open loop scaling. This choice compensates for the actual value of S2, which may change from record to record, simplifying interpretation of the output amplitude over many records. Each of the routines, MCOR, CW2, and CW1, has been decomposed into a pair of subroutines. Before further discussion the notation, E, in the boxes of Fig. 3 will be defined. L signifies n n that n input values will be added to obtain an output number. The scaling operator can be looked at as a normalizing constant on the input of each summation. The value of Si is usually closely related to the value of n on the summation associated with Si. However,

12 CMPRES CIRAV I Irw X 2 MCOR CORPS W LOPS S 4 L 63 4 - _CW2 I I —---- I I- ------ IIWrite I CW1 1 RECORD RECORD S L = 4 These are the ranges or values which the scale 14 18 ~ S2 6 factors in PROCESSO can have. S3 S4 6 |S2 5 =3, Yes _a____ END OF WRITE CW1 > DISPATCH FILE? No ^/^7\ RECORD S, = 4 These are the ranges or values which the scale factors in PROCESSO can have. 0 -<S2 - 6 S3 = S4 = 6- S2 S = 3 Fig. 3. Detailed breakdown of the PROCESSO portion of the complete processing program

13 nothing is implied about how the input or output values are indexed. The reasons for the choice of separation of the functions at the particular points differs from the different functions. The locations of S4 and S5 in CW2 and CW1, although somewhat arbitrary, were controlled by the necessity of scaling. The decomposition of MCOR was controlled by the fact that MCOR can be interpreted nicely as a two step process, (1) correlation, and (2) low pass filtering. The first part, CORPS, performs a wideband correlation; the ouput numbers are called CORrelation Partial Sums. The second part averages the partial sums and is called LOPS for LOw Pass Summation. A detailed discussion of the tape output and format is in the section titled Output from PROCESSO (Section 3. 3). 3. 2 Description of CALTONE The analog tape contains data in 6 minute intervals, called file. Each file consists of approximately 39 seconds of calibration signal followed by 5 minutes and 21 seconds of AMSEQ data. The program CALTONE uses the calibration signal to perform two operations. It computes a magnitude reference for the CW data, and it maintains time and phase coherency between files. The average value of the two orthogonal signal components are computed and are called XAV and YAV It is assumed that the input signal at this time is the calibration tone, and, thus, XAV and

14 YAV represent this signal. These two numbers are recorded in all of the output records, both SEQ and CW, of this file. The end of the calibration signal is precisely timed at recording and is followed by approximately 40 milliseconds of silence. The end of the signal is detected by monitoring magnitude and comparing it to 1/2 RAV = [X2Av + Y2AV] Specifically, CALTONE computes Rinst (instantaneous) until four successive values of Rinst are less than RAV/2. When this inequality has been satisfied (Rinst < R/2) coherency has been attained to within 0, 1, 2, or 3 sample values. This remaining error is due to the fact that Rinst required four samples. By using the phase information available in XAV and YAV, CALTONE computes the necessary delay (0, 1, 2, or 3 samples) to achieve full coherency. After the delay CALTONE has completed its work for one file, and data processing begins. Processing continues for six minutes. At this point a new file begins and CALTONE runs again. Hereafter, the two numbers from CALTONE will be referred to as XAV and YAV 3. 3 Output from PROCESSO The major portion of the output from PROCESSO is the X;Y record from MCOR and CW2. This output represents the analysis of 21 sequence periods or 25. 2 seconds of data. The X data and the Y data are written onto tape in consecutive blocks. Each block of data is formatted as shown in Fig. 4.

15 x " l Xi | "- 1 X252 XCW2 AV X Block (256 values) Y252 0 YCW2 0 YAV Y Block (256 values) Fig. 4. X-Y record from MCOR Following the 12 X-Y records from MCOR and CW2, is an X-Y record from CW1. Each data point, (X, Y), represents one sequence period or 1.2 seconds. The CW1 data is processed concurrently with the MCOR data. However, the CW1 output is delayed until all the data is available. The CW1 data block is pictured in Fig. 5. X - - - 46 XAV - - - 1 ~ X246XAV word word word w( 1 247 25 X - CW represents X- CW1 represents 4. 92 minutes Fig. 5. CW1 X block format xAV ord i6

16 The last 10 samples are filled with the XAV value from CALTONE. The CW1 Y block has the same format as the X block. The last 7. 2 second portion of CW1 data is ignored. A summary and a few added details complete the discussions. One output file —given one file of input —is shown in Fig. 6. 2 Ilocks 12 Records of X-Y X-Y Zeroes f~rm, MCOR & CW2 | f CW Fig. 6. Output file format The two zero blocks each serve a purpose. The first identifies the beginning of an output file, while the second contains alphanumeric information pertinent to the file. Eighteen such files are contained on a LINC tape. This represents one hour and fortyeight minutes of processing. Since a six-minute input file was recorded every two hours, the tape represents a thirty- six hour real time interval.

4. DESCRIPTION OF RICKY POST-PROCESSOR RICKY performs the following computations and operations on the output tape of PROCESSOR: 1. Search the current file (12 records) of MCOR data for the maximum value of.R = x2 + y. Call this value RMAX. 2. Compute K = 250.0/RMAX 3. For each MCOR record in this file 3. 1 Read the current record and multiply the data by K. 3. 2 Compute and save the values of 252 BBPWR = S (xi2 + yi2) 1 CW2 =+ YxW2 CW2 3. 3 Write the scaled record back onto tape replacing the input data. 4. After step 3 is performed for all MCOR records, print the file number, FN = ", the scale factor, K = " ", and the calibration signal magnitude, CAL =" ". 5. Normalize the CW1 record so that the magnitude of the calibration tone equals 250. 6. If an entire tape has been processed, halt. Otherwise return to step 1 and repeat. 17

18 Each block of data from RICKY has the format shown in Fig. 7. K.1 ]'''1 1 1 1 Y252 0 K-Y KXCW2 K-BBPWR K'XAV.. K-Y252 O K-YCW2 K-BBPWR K-Y ___252 _AV Fig. 7. RICKY output format The variables BBPWR and CW in step 3.2 are the square root of the power in the broadband and narrowband about the carrier. The purpose of scaling the data and performing the slight reorganization of the output is for ease of viewing and to make optimal use of the scope display in photography.

5. PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDING OF THE RESULTS The results of the CW1 and sequence analyses were photographed using an automatic system. Each file of data was summarized by a code frame, by two multiple exposure sequence pictures and by a CW1 pictures. The code frame contains file identification, the scale factor used in RICKY, and the magnitude of the calibration signal. The data are presented in polar coordinates (R,0 ). The conversion from Cartesian, X, Y coordinates to polar coordinates was performed by an algorithm called POLAR (Ref. 3). The file was split into two 3-minute sequence displays. An overlay of six correlation output periods comprise each sequence picture. Frequent transient shifting in the source sequence generator prevented 12-shot multiple exposures of the sequence results. A similar shifting problem with lower recurrence rates was present in past experiments. Usually one of the two sequence pictures contained a peak shift resulting in a bad picture. However, due to the highly redundant nature of the data in a file, little information is lost. Pictures with detected peak shifts have been omitted from the data shown in Appendix B. 19

6. DISCUSSION OF SEQUENCE RESULTS,..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ In previous experiments signal stability has been the most prominent feature of the broadband reception, particularly the signal phase. Correlation outputs within a six- minute sampling interval have been very similar in signal arrival regions. Multiple exposure photographs of the data would not have been useful without this stability. Since noise reception has random (uniform) phase, any stable structure in the phase of a multiple exposure indicates signal reception. Such phase detection of the signal is possible in very low signal-to-noise ratio regions, where amplitude detection is questionable. However, phase detection is not limited to poor SNR situations. Signal arrival durations measured using phase detection were 300 to 500 milliseconds in February 1965 and 120 to 500 milliseconds in August 1966. The current experiment showed that under certain anomalous conditions arrivals at least 1. 2 seconds in length occur. Some examples are shown in data for 1843 hours 22 December 1966 and 2043 and 2243 hours 28 December 1966 (see Appendix B). Phase stability again allowed multiple exposure photography over six minute intervals and detection in low SNR arrivals. (Three minute pictures were required for reasons already explained.) Signal arrival durations varied from 50 msec to a full period (but usually between 80 and 600 msec). Although there 20

21 were general similarities, the current experiment displayed a high quality of transmission which was previously observed only on analog processing equipment. Not too surprisingly the quality of reception varied considerably during the month. However, in general, there were definite multipath phenomena with time resolution several times better than either February 1965 or August 1966. The improved resolution was a result of natural changes in propagation rather than in processing. A large percentage of the correlation peaks were nearly or completely non-overlapping while overlapped signals were prevalent in past experiments. Although the sequence processing is linear, the output is difficult to interpret when there are overlapping peaks. When the peaks are non-overlapping,each one can be studied separately without ambiguity. Outstanding features of the phase were the 90 degree and 180 degree jumps in successive path arrivals and the constant slope of several arrivals within a period. The slope of a linear phase sweep can be interpreted as the center frequency of a dominant band of energy reception. The invariant slope of successive arrivals indicates a strong physical relation between seemingly independent transmission paths. These arrivals probably traveled similar physical paths. For example, the arrivals may have been a refractionbottom bounce type, where a refraction results in a 90 degree phase shift.

22 Multipath reception has been difficult to interpret in the past because of poor time resolution. However, the general phase characteristics of December 1966 data and February 1965 and August 1966 results were similar, indicating a strong possibility of the same dominant transmission mode. The phase of signal in August 1966 and February 1965 contained several discrete sections of phase data resembling the multipath reception. Most importantly there were many instances of invariant linear slope. Therefore, past reception probably consisted of many (5 or 6) simple but interfering multipath arrivals which traveled similar physical paths. The possibility of a single dominant mode of transmission was not apparent before because interference, caused by overlapping arrivals, created very complex phase and amplitude structures. Some important detailed features of the December data must also be pointed out. The energy was often equally distributed throughout the signal arrival rather than concentrated in the first 200 milliseconds as in August and February. The correlation peak widths varied from 40 to 80 msec, where the ideal peak is about 40 msec. Six or more such peaks frequently occur in a sequence period. A linear flat wideband media would pass the ideal signal, but narrowband and non-flat filters, such as MCOR, widen these peaks. The phase commonly contains linear sweeps equivalent to center frequencies of about 6 Hz and 12 Hz below carrier. The same pheno

23 menon observed in August 1966 and February 1965 indicated energy bands centered at frequencies ranging from 4 to 20 Hz below carrier (the most common value was 16 Hz). Occasionally the December data contained linear phase sweeps which indicate dominant energy in the reception at frequencies above carrier. This has not been observed in past receptions at Bimini. In conclusion the sequence results of the December 1966 experiment show that although large variations in acoustic propagation quality occur, there seems to be a single dominant mode of transmission in the Straits of Florida. Hopefully this will allow general conclusions based upon the simpler current data. More experiments must be performed before propagation qualities (e. g., high time resolution of path arrivals) can be predicted. The December 1966 experiment obtained the best data in this respect. It may be more than coincidental that the data were obtained shortly after the first winter cold front moved into the Straits of Florida. As in previous experiments signal stability allowed phase detection and multiple exposure photography throughout the six minute files. However, the reception should be sampled much more frequently than every two hours because reception quality changed too widely between files. A better scheme would require one or two minute samples every ten or fifteen minutes. This fact was apparent in the August 1966 experiment; however, the equipment changes

24 could not be made before December. In previous experiments measurement of the correlation peak widths, except for possibly one major arrival, could not be made. Therefore, the fact that the December 1966 data approximated the ideal correlation peak so well was new and unexpected information. An investigation of filtering effects upon the shape and width of the correlation function should be valuable. Quite obviously, signal modeling, physical interpretation, and propagation prediction are wide open topics. Long term, online sampled experiments are planned for the future in addition to experiments to study the transmitter's filter characteristics, to accurately measure transit times and to study the first seven miles (shallow water) of the sound channel. Only experience from these tests and much work can produce answers and solutions for these questions.

7. A PROPOSED ON-LINE PROCESSOR An on-line receiver similar to the one in this report will eliminate all of the problems with analog tape recording, such as, phase locking and other time coherency problems. The present system would not make an effective on-line receiver because of its dependence upon the external counting circuitry, the processing in RICKY, and a limited program interrupt routine. The interrupt routine will not service LINC-8 console interrupts. Thus it does without the benefit of the many LINC-8 operator control features during development of most programs. Similarly the routine could not service the external clock during computer tape unit operations. Therefore, an external counting circuit was needed to maintain coherency when data were written onto tape. The necessary modification of PROGOFOP and its tape routine should be relatively easy. Therefore, the limitations pointed out can be removed with reprogramming of PROGOFOP and the interrupt routine. The variable scaling performed in PROCESSO is a form of automatic gain control. However, if interpretation of data is to be simple, the scaling must be compensated before visual output. The scheme used in PROCESSO was satisfactory, but could certainly be improved. 25

26 Judging from experience, post-processing such as that performed by RICKY is extremely cumbersome. The value of any function which cannot be incorporated into the on-line receiver (or programmed in FORTRAN) should be questioned. Before an efficient routine can exist, a means of reducing the quantity of output data must be found. This problem is currently of major interest to the entire MIMI project. There is room for improvement in several areas of the processing system. However, there can be no doubt that a useful and workable system is at our disposal.

Appendix A TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION OF AMSEQ Transmission at MIMI-A: AMSEQ The amplitude modulated pseudo-random sequence transmission is described by the signal sa (t) = [1 + m(t)] cos wot (A. 1) where sa(t) m(t) wo fo [ 1 + m(t)] = transmitted signal in AMSEQ transmission = biphase pseudo-random sequence (BMSEQ) = 27f0 = 420-Hz carrier frequency = amplitude modulation of the carrier (AMSEQ) The biphase pseudo-random sequence (Refs. 3 and 4) is a periodic pulse pattern, each period consisting of 63 digits, 32 "plus ones" and 31 "minus ones. " One period of sequence is 1. 2 sec; each digit has a duration of eight carrier cycles, i. e., 52 5 sec = 1 19 msec. The 420-Hz sine wave and the 52. 5-Hz clock frequency are coherently derived from the MIMI-A 1680-Hz precision oscillator. From Eq. A. 1 it follows that A EQ, 1 + m(, consists From Eq. A. 1 it follows that AMSEQ, Z [1 + m(t)], consists 27

28 of 63 digits, 32 ones and 31 zeros. Where BMSEQ transmission sb(t) = m(t) cos w0t, m(t) = ~1 (A. 2) contains approximately the same power as CW transmission, sc(t) = cos wot (A. 3) the AMSEQ modulation causes a loss of approximately 3 db transmission power, since 31 out of the 63 sequence digits turn the carrier signal off. Writing Eq. A. 1 as 1It 1 sa = 2 cos wct + m(t) cos wot (A. 4) CW BMSEQ it may be seen that the AMSEQ transmission power is equally distributed over the signals CW and BMSEQ. Thus, by applying CW analysis and SEQ analysis as described in Ref. 3 it is possible to obtain simultaneously information about the low frequency modulation of carrier by the ocean and about the multipath sound propagation. Since in AMSEQ both signals CW and BMSEQ appear with one-half the amplitude, the processing results are 6 db less compared with processing either CW, or BMSEQ signals as in the February 1965 experiment. Furthermore, the sound source has

29 deteriorated, now transmitting at a level of only 95 dbpb instead of the original 103 dbjb. Thus, in comparing the signal strength of processed data in the August 1966 with that of the February 1965 experiment, a total loss of 14 db has to be taken into account. Reception at MIMI-B The reception techniques used in this experiment are the same as described in Ref. 4. Summarizing, the received signal is amplified, filtered in a fixed filter with a passband of 370 Hz to 470 Hz, and recorded onto analog tape by means of an SP300 47 track analog tape recorder, in this experiment, at a speed of 1 Iips. The signals were received by one shallow hydrophone. The reference signal from the 1680-Hz precision oscillator at MIMI-B was recorded on channel 1, and the signal from the D-2 hydrophone on channel 3 (Fig. 8). Also, the signal was phase coherently demodulated and the resulting amplitude R(t) and phase angle 0 (t), together with the filtered, non-demodulated signal, were recorded on a Sanborn graphic recorder. In this recorder the "raw" signal is rectified, low-pass filtered, and scaled logarithmically, the recording giving an impression of the power level of the received noise in the 370-Hz to 470-Hz band. The signal R(t) is also scaled logarithmically. Both the phase coherent demodulator (PCD) at MIMI-B, and the processing at MIMI-C use the 1680-Hz reference signal from the MIMI-B precision oscillator. Phases and delays thus find their reference at

CAL Switch aaalog CD o I CW Demodulation Fig. 8. Reception at MIMI-B

31 reception rather than at transmission. The reference oscillators at transmission and at reception have a stability of about one part in 1010 To provide for coherent processing at MIMI-C, calibration tones (CAL) were inserted periodically in the analog recordings. CAL is a 420-Hz noise free sine wave, the amplitude for the present experiment usually corresponding to a -44 dbpib hydrophone reception, and has a duration of 391-0 sec. CAL is followed by a 1 period of zero signal or "silence" (SIL) of 19 21 msec, the duration of one sequence digit. The analog recording was started every two hours, beginning with the CAL + SIL format, and stopped after 6 minutes. The derivation of the 420-Hz CAL tone, the durations of CAL and of SIL, and all timing involved in programming the SP300 recorder were coherently derived from the 1680-Hz reference oscillator by means of logic countdown circuitry.

Appendix B PHOTOGRAPHS OF RESULTS The following photographs show a significant portion of the results obtained from the experimental data. For each six minute reception, twelve records of processed sequence data were obtained. The twelve records were divided into two groups of six each and the data were overlayed photographically by a multiple exposure process. The resulting photographs contain amplitude vs. time data on an arbitrary scale in the top half and phase data (-180 to +180~) in the bottom half. A third photograph summarizes the behavior of the 420 Hz carrier during the entire six minute reception. Again, the top half is amplitude vs. time, the bottom half is phase vs. time. The following notes apply to photographs missing from the normal sequence. Note 1. A processing error has invalidated the data making this photograph unuseable. Note 2. A * interposed between sets of photographs indicates that a set or sets of photographs have been omitted because high noise levels completely obscured the data. Additionally, on 28 December 1966 an equipment malfunction prevented recording of valid data from 0001 to 1800 hours. No photographs were made corresponding to this period. 32

....:.,.o... -*. -,,*'.* *.:. ^^ *^ *':. *^ —^?^-^ ^w^^T -180 See Note 1 -..,, _. ~ -'-.-._.: f... ~. *~. *~ -.;~ ~*l..... ~~ ~~~ ~ ~,~ ~~ ~r \X ~. ~ ~ ~~~~~,,~ ~. ~~r~ ~)~ ~ ~Z t~LI~~ ~~, J',. ~~ ~ ~ ~I~ ~ c ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~~,~ ~, ~ ~ ~ ~~ r ~, \~ 13 December 1966 2243 - 2249 CAD,'. bnX'u~..}: * -18O See Note 1.-...:'....... _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~......'. ii!...':'.''.','":.' _. ~ 1 ~ o ~,~~~~~ o ~ -~~~'\.lr;=; 0~ 14 December 1966 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.. ~':.. *,t'. -'-;*:'. > -,-:\L-&'~ *''< <'.*.8... I~rg; ~ ~ r~r.-~*.'.'. ~.. ~-. ~ ~.~.....'<,..:. -i..',..* /-,..~'l.:,.'. *'...'~ at'...' -.1~ ~ +'1 8 +18.;r I, el See Note 1 a.._ *....' * *. -1.;; 0 14 December 1966 0243 - 0249 w CO 1c~,~ V5)~~ ~'r I ~~ ~r ~~~.,.i,.. t ~\ :G~'" jl= 1~~~5Bi'. r I r \,. ~~ t18".... /L' 5 3... ~.v I~t~-` ' i~, r rf f' clr Z =~;CC I~z., ~~~ t \ ~ ~? 5 ..I - " ~.~... '~,. C. 4'r ~~ + ''jJt' Qii 9r =~ c'.C ~ " Z..,t ~~ llrc' Ij Y'' 4 180 ~ ~ ~. ~ ~. r~~ ~~~ ~I)~~~ ~~ ~ ~ 5' r5 ~ ~s ~ ~~~~)~~~ ~ ~~ ~ZC ", ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~..~SII~~-~3t ~j~~ ~.~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~ ~ 5 ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~, ~ 5~~*5, JI.. r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 18Q See Note 1 "466 14 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

- ~. *... ~ *:...:.. *'A..,** d %, 2 a*.,,':' *..*' ~'..: a.."'..'c..* * p *......,. —.,.. -':. -* ".1 -.0'*'t-.. "..~...3' *.,....;.,,...::; -,.;:.,-:LO O _ ~ *.'...". 1*......'... ":..<?, *..-.;'.-.c-*...': **.".*-*^'/*.\^..~~.,..,, *'/. ~..'!.''%.*' -,,.~.','v. z,,..A~0 ~~. t~ ~~~~~~~r~ See Note 1''''. -- -I ": -~ - %t~ * ~ O, - e w~ ~.~.L~ls~~~ ~\~Ct+L00. ~ ~ f-:L 0e _J~ 14 December 1966 0643 - 0649 C- A 0n'2Z=: -.... -' -180..'' ~ * —...',':...'..%*.. -. ~.' -. 7 -~O O ~~."%%e^^ +1o80.-I.:L 8 C, See Note 1 eqk~ e eqe ~ - ~,.... -- 14 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes) *

See Note 1 ~1 0...%......*...... *.-.. -. -.'......- *..*- -':*.:::-'-"": ~ *... ~ -180.,,. * t. A %%. *.p-.-1.a 14 December 1966 1243 - 1249 3:. See Note 1 *. -.. *. *'.:..:.*.*..'::':,.. * * *..' -.*......*' *~ ~ -180 14 December 1966 1443 - 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~~~~~~~~~~~ t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ r ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~.'. ~~.. H~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i...0'.',,' ~r'''. *>' -..- ~A — >*'*..- s *.. ~ " *. ) "..:''.. ~....";'~! Be''r.t,*,..\ss ad -180,~. ~:....,.. K..~~...::.~.-,'.0.~.... " *'*.* — ~..~.s P'.2''.d~:'~ *./.' ~*.,. ~'.,.~ ~ —_... —.. -~~ ~,'1,~0 See Note 1 ~.e ~.' *.**.......... *...'-...~.,-;' ~....."'.;.'- * *.*,*,*.. * *. * * ~... ~* *,;* ~ * *% *. -..'. * 0 +-18O 14 December 1966 1643 - 1649 CO4 -^3 4,:, See Note 1 *.. ~ ~ ~ +1 8 r ~.~.. ~ ~0 * ~.0 *o ~ %e, 4,ro,.t - ~. ~.-..... %.:;..~. -.'.'-. _. * * * * ~ ~~ ~ X80r ~.~ ~.~~ ~ ~ ~ * * *. * -.. _' *...:~~..:....: ~ -18.. ~ ~ ~..~ s'.'2 ~ ".'s, - ~ -.:.z ~' ~. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e~~o " 0..~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ el ~ ~. ~ ~ -~~~..1. GO 14 December 1966 1843 - 1849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

t..-. Jb ^ * ^ *..-......" \: - *. *. - - m.~~ ~ ~. ~~,,... ~' -180 ~.A..~.'c' ~.,f ~''..a,',.~;VJ':, -AS0 See Note 1 Hi.1,i: * o: ~. i *..:. *."' -_'.',......... *...'......*......* *',.a.*/...-... -180 +.^ —^:^-^^ ^*180;~~ 14 December 1966 2043 - 2049 CA3 00 180..... S.O - ~_~~ *. l*...,,... — See Note 1 -180 14 December 1966 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

. ~ ~ e 0: ~ ~,, e' 1, *.....,. e%.. S, *, * * *'.'. p.~ ~...' *.*., ~v5''. ~,I ~... r ~ *%l~5'* ~,o See Note 1 -180 15 December 1966 0043 - 0049 CD CD i:d' See Note 1 +180 _,......... *.. *...... - * ~. 1. ~; 0 *. ~ *.'.. % -. ~ ";.. ~. —.: -..1.'.1 1 -180 15 December 1966 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

-180 *~......'..:..:... ~.... See Note 1., ~ e1. *,, *.. % *'e.<e, _ ~I ee ~ _ * *.1 *180 _.*..-.. _?.*..'.:.'..-. * See Note 1 04 -.. ~ * * * ~..* * ~,-A80 15 December 1966 0643 - 0649 -180 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 e*'*;e!. t V. A,.,cr.. * ~ *.. ~ _. *.... ~:*.:,: *.:: - &**' "*'o.. *' ~. ~,' *'"'-.'..* ~....'/*. ~..'*' -'.*^".q~^: ^'. _.. 0... o..e...e'^. *. -*. -180 15 December 1966 0843 - 0849 I:I:_ *'...o ~.:-.,.(" ~.i',:-*.~,';,,',-~:.~:,.'^:f y.'^ -...o:..-. See Note 1 j1A80, * *.~:'%,.*,'i *.5'-.*..*.'....;...',.~'~.~.'.,.; —. ~. ". 0 ~ v.. 4j1e;o: -:'* " ** *** ** - *.. *. *.. V' * s.. -....,. - (~.''..* ~*~....': *''.. *''....'.. _,.:. —.,;',.'.. *'....'- *- *,..-_'-o -1; ~~~~~~~~.h.,. ~,o' - 1.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1~~~~~...~~~. o~ %'~~~~~. -..., 15 December 1966 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0 I-: <: See Note 1... *..... 4.1.;C' *........1... * *%* *............ -.' %* -.1: Li -180 15 December 1966 * 1243 - 1249 LND - 10.~. =: +180c.:.^'.'-'.:. -.;:180 See Note 1......:. _.. *'..... ** *........ v. * *.'@'.......:::.. _..... 15 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes * Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 *.. Ps $.A,.....'t.:. - ~SO::?~:, -~,~~'~. <~~;-~.,r.;~,-. ~,.-.. -:'...4.: ~. ~.! *.,. ~ o o o o ~..... ~.. % ~.... ~.. _~''.'. ~..''.'.''' *".'" o'.. ~ ~ ~ ~ *.,*. *.~ _~. * * ~. * *. *.: *1 -; *...! -' *,:'. d, ~-ASO ~-I.. 15 December 1966 2043 - 2049 COA ~ ****. - ~ ~ - >'. **' ". * * * *' -. * ). *'' -: L'' *^ ^^,;: b.. ^ -...:.*~.-. -. *., -I aO.' 1. 1'~ -,,,.-..q~...'... ~' ~.'.. ~...3,.',,.:,, — "'' " -'~'..".,,.-..,.-~.......:......,,...',,.....,-.'.:-.r.{. —0:.'K V'R~~~~~~~~~~~~~,~.-.:~ ~~. -*,.'''. ~lql"... q~ ~ 3 See Note 1 ~... _^-~ ^^}v+_ —*,.,...'.. *j*~ ~ ~ *; **: ~. ~...:. ~^y/;. ~.-, ~..~.v _..;.. *;.. *.' *...?... --. ~. ~..,; _ ~.. w.R,. a.,o, a a' ~... * o *. _* *. -..;-'*-. * -1;_;1 1~~~~~~~. 15 December 1966 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes * Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

A *l **2****. -180:* See Note 1 -.18o 0 % 0104 -Iso 16 December 1966 0843 - 0849 m. =.' *.. *.. 1''':0*.-''.v,' /*' sj~t v.... * -180'...** *....*..;.. - See Note 1 4.180 -.180 16 December 1966 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.' *:~~~~~~.l:t 18 O,~' ~.'*f. d;^ i..: ff^^W~I?: ";''" " ~.".M~^ -180 - 180. cr: *..** *.5 * ** * *...* S. *.*.* * See Note 1 418s0 *-*1;~~~~~~~~ci.0. 16 December 1966 1243 - 1249 CJ1 -' I, ~~~~~~~~~~~1 j~~180 *~~'~~ -. A~~. L~~ l ~:+....*'. ~_ *.~ * * **.O o ~,..... ** ~ o*r ^*... ~..,.....;.~.*.,.,,......#.. *.* ~.~. * ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~ ~ See Note 1 +18i, 4.. r....0 - 4"I..e lp,%. b.:le.o op 16 December 1966 1443 - 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes * Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

1i.: i:.* *...':i>* Ju A i * Byf/ t * -.4 _ <.-a.......... _..'.*'...''..... j-lSO~~~ -. +1 8C' See Note 1 -,.'. % 1%.'. %,,,'ro, A I N. v % - %*.YW.WKOSV*Vt ^..V -. - " -.. &.:.. 0. -180 17 December 1966 1843 - 1849 122:*:: See Note 1 a... -.-:-lI;i:i 17 December 1966 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

-S — ~*. **. ^* See Note 1:tl0a* **o._. I~* _...:,,'...:7...,....',. -..._ ~ -.. _.... - 1;: 0 17 December 1966 0643 - 0649 -180 ~-''''".'~0, " -:-,:. ~*:: + See Note 1 * l.... -A+:L 8 "Jr.. ~ 6e1' ~I.1.; ~ ~ ~'.;':':~ 1 17 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes * Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~ VA.* "*.''.'' *,,.... - -180 v..-' -.1.0 See Note 1 See Note 1 17 December 1966 1443 - 1449 01:_; -IICOW ~.;..... *'. 4,W o.i. t.r..3..":..:.,180 -e;... See Note 1 i.. s:; -. -1A;1:1 17 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0': ~j. e/ -180 *.,- -. - -180 F* *',.. *,,i..': ^ See Note 1 ~.... ~... ~.. *. lb 17 December 1966 0043 - 0049 1'.,%-.,F I Q. A -.Or 1% See Note 1 ~.*.'..@4 X-S *.****~ " (..'*.......*...'...'... *, ~"'%, %...*. *%....,. ~I 41..*.....~...~. ~..'.:' -' ~..' v".. ".'''% -% em~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -1.;; 0 17 December 1966 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes * Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~a~~~~~~g ~ ~ ~ ~b e *~.i e.. tv *#;-st@,'. e ~e,. *.!' L; 9:'., *, - ~."".A~..~.:~~~~~~~~~~I.r....?'.,-,.?...-... j ~ -**.t....' ~. ~.:. * ~ *. *.....,~..%:-? ~.;'.. ~~~~~~~~~':L ~ See Note 1 +1801 -1-l: 17 December 1966 2243 - 2249 cn _ o' f ('.'. I.N I n-''f\\.*.;-g.*.;N@.@sS See Note 1 -Leb _ _ _ _ _ _- _,'.-'.''...^_.*...-r..-'X. -...'.' *~'.\ ~ i, -180. I i' t 418;01 o0 - -.1;;c1_ MA ^ >^-C^^ ^J1~0 18 December 1966 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

1A D *.'.'2 i.....'. ~ m.: -,.. * -'.. -*18:' ~e ~... -J. 80~~~~~~~ 0.,.i....... *. -. *..*. o.4.. ~*...,..'-.-'.', *.;-...., *.. See Note 1,+1.;1 _1;;.0 18 December 1966 0243 - 0249 cJ1..,' l. -:.-.; A ^'^.^/ ).*'*.r\^ ^\.^N.'. /;;.^.;.-.^:~;..;:'~'- ~;". 2" 4'. % - ~':'' -,.* ~.-.... ~,.-',~~~.),, ~,.~0~~'~,.....~~~ See Note 1 *41 4 4 44.4 4 *44 44 4.44 4 4 4 4 4 4 *4 44444 4 444 4*4 4* 44 44 444 44 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 a *4***4 44 4 4 4 +.i.;;':' 4. 4 . %114 4.. *44*4%4 44. 4 4 4**. 4.'4\. *' 4 *4 4. 44 4 44 4 4 4 - 1.;; c 18 December 1966 0443 - 0449 Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes) First 3 minutes

~: ~,....4*..d j.... Y ~ ~ ~:. * ~,..-'.4...* - ---, F eD'..sk,, -':' m,' v &i..o..is vi ~wJ E /. i -I. -.280 ~ - %.......,.. &,,. ~...-........ @..'... * *. /** * *,,. -.. ",:..'. ~. ee *.' *..! —..-. *.... ~, - See Note 1,.....e o% 18 December 1966 0643 - 0649 C. 1D *-..*.... *...... See Note 1 +180 *....-.-* * *,.v.,s.;..,.. -1;0. -' 18 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

4.a'::"',,.. -:.J'. * *' ~. -.-'.A. -'..:.:'....:.. —.'.. ~,.........,,.q..*....T.. *. b'"'0'*''it -'"':", -.'180 See Note 1..**...'. _, -..' +ASO~~~~~~~~~',...,..q.+ ~' - 1.; 0 18 December 1966 1043 - 1049 - i a,...*'. -180 J...*,-..'' -180,../..6"' -~''- k''~,"'- 4l: See Note 1.. *- *......-. ^*1.: ~. _ ~. ~.%'o~. ~. +180.1 -* _.... *,k"....?..:_.:......,....*1 -.. -.. * *'... ~1~';-;, 18 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

'..,:.s-... - - f;...,...':,' i;..;..-\... i.;.- -Ad_-,80 i' t'A -:t~O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3 See Note 1 _.. *..'.-~.. -.. *. * —' *..' -180 18 December 1966 1443 - 1449 c" m.,.S. See Note 1 - )... *';;,.... -~ ~'. -'*..: ~.- ~ -180 4J.80 %.'.. - *~ J G % *. ^J.* e.*..:... ~. *... **.. -. 1 a. " ~ ~.* 10 *. %.. * * 18 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 min~utes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

i;~..; v; * * "' -180 ~'..... ^, u-.. > q ~..'~. " -.5, ".-,,.. ^^ ^v ^~~~~:-..-^ ~'^ - -'.^' ** *</'.* <.*'.* *,.:......._..-.18.~0-, < p.::....-,-....... ^..x@;.. ~|;*.* ~ 4180 _ * % *..'-I.. ~ -..-.., *....,..:.,..'.,~......:-_.. 18 December 1966 1843 - 1849 Un Un L$0 F i// J&'.. kJ -180..~~~~, 7., See Note 1 I - - - -ahm-&-amot -.Nkz. I-.. - - --— w 41.80 18 December 1966 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

I.._ A''-. I,: i"' in.;.e.* I. I... * See Note 1 A a _W A.- _. ~:f Sf^ ^ ^.< _ He!. *. Ifm t.1,II AD ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~ -180 18 December 1966 2243 - 2249 n f A g.' 4'. -180 l.. *.,. *.*.i*. See Note 1 - -- -W-~L-~ — --— ~YI~I~~~~ -.180 19 December 1966 0043 - 0049 Carrier (entire 6 minutes) First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes

Ii...'!:o~.. q..: - ~ 4 ~...*... *^..< ~v,'~,' —..'~ *.? *:.:: * *** * L' * *** *. %*,***.* * *'* * * *.*. * ** ******** See Note 1 -~80 #,,road i"180.0 - -:t:,'% S - - f 4p-.f- # a.4 i I. i. Z.- -, A %..6. f-14 &;% -:.1 I- -A i. # - -.'%, -:V, *. -:-.. -. I;.-. +180 _Wko w..;eS i*; *. I, _4.i.. -0: *. 19 December 1966 0243 - 0249 * en -^l 0'::, See Note 1 ~ *. i'0 *'..:.... -."0 -180 19 December 1966 0643 - 0649 -.180 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

1,; See Note 1 I^ _ * ~~~~~~~^.. -.'' - -. A'.': \ -.. -: ~~6;-0..U~,,08. ~.~'..-.~. -l -180 +180 -.1 1 19 December 1966 * 0843 - 0849.~ I I.., i A.: i.._.............,: A: /".'. _.....,......y: _.-'.' -* -.'..'(,..' / i.- ~.180,.~. "''t. t -; ~ 9...'.<'.-'..,,.i!'... Cn 00 ~ **...P^ 7,,~,-:,,..,,, ~,.....'..'.,..,,-.... -:II $: 19 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

*.'I,*:Lw %.. :V f * *'.. *.* - -. *. *' ld 11r" 7:.'A;.z* -~80 Ae. *. _* ~ -....* C., mU ^.I.... *. *,.';,.... -180,,.'. _ *'., ".:. %A~0 ~. V..s//y'L"-.,^.- _-^^.^ ^'":'''" -~S.. 19 December 1966 1443 - 1449 cj1 co'4'. ~180 -A80 y $0 a' *5*'' I * * * *i* A If..,':Tw..,:,-',.,~'' *.''.:..'. -.J:.:..'.....'"..*..,,'*. -:.. j ~*^-l -t"*-'.,.- ~1... ~?;,~ -..;..-.:,.+180 I.'.: I; _ * *. *...'.,, * * *.- " ^-:' " F-' ".... *,... -.-..,....': -, "', — ^ *'. %*o..' -180 -180 19 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

he. " i. 9Z.*1 i. See Note 1:lw J;.-:I~~'; I i. -180 * I...,. ~p,.*"' *:. S,&84 * A. %. *0'.*~ **. ~. *.. A.' -_..~ 8f ~' * *'*''*''*;*'****':/"** **' 19 December 1966 1843 - 1849 0:i:. -**..-..* -1.': 80.- ** 80i 0. -1;3; 3'2:P See Note 1 19 December 1966 lb~~~~~ 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.': t'.. * " -*'w ^M~~~~~~~~~~iM~~~~~~~~~,al,...~... 4^~~~ ~ ~.'..'.~*.. * * * -... -.,'';'..'..'~~..'A....''. See Note 1 +1iSO.-+~L80 -180 % ov, W.? - - 19 December 1966 2243 - 2249 OS m $... %..180 -180',-'1., I. * -...... *.' - *.',.. *.... *' ***. *~;* _., *..,, * -,...,.-/ ^-/:,.-. Z.,.q *.....'.,..-,:.'.'.: *..' P -''.... **''*'/.*** *'~ _ *' -.1.~0 -18O 20 December 1966 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

5.1s: * *. * **** - * * *,* **.* .*.*~,***..*i **/**%'** * ** * *..'. *.* **..'*..**..* * ** *.%.,,.** ***.*..* See Note 1 -180 -180 20 December 1966 0243 - 0249 <A. ***.. a;:..' ^..* *' -180 See Note 1 ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ e.~ *_ ~ * * * *. e. ~ 7 * *'........ -... ******.- -.T 9 ~.-',.'.4..,......*... -180 20 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

* *.. *..... *..4.... U, * *. *. See Note 1 -180 20 December 1966 0643 - 0649 See Note 1 ~ * *..... _.' -. —...: -* -a. so~~~~~~~~* 4tb 20 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

'i:S.. 4;%, i...t * f:;. See Note 1 -180 20 December 1966 1043 - 1049,. * s32.. %S _ab ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~' 1 A -180.?;*.@../':;..g.* *.gI.4%. *e-'} 1 4.. -v J. -180 4%.%.* *.*.. 1 b See Note 1 -PR rip, ON - - -- 20 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 ** ~ +180 ^ *.-. ~* * ~ *, S. o,' -...-:.. _ *' *. *...'.~.....'-..' * - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~. %.0 I'~ ~.. ~'.. -180 20 December 1966 * 1443 - 1449 c_1 i 0 6'.I See Note 1.., -~~x.'e. */.<-~..,..:..~'~~ -Jl.~O 20 December 1966 1843 - 1849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 4.180 -1180 -180 20 December 1966 2043 - 2049 1 A.'S: ~. ~ *..:.%...xi-,:oc See Note 1.'".. "-lb~',v",. f',,~,'~~-~, ~.,./.:m. % -180 -180 20 December 1966 2243 - 2249 Second 3 minutes First 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

z; * - "' ~^1180;::. ~, i,.,.,.-:9,. * 1y., ~- *~...1' *~ -1.80 4t' * *~~~~b.-'** See Note 1 m4li -. 1 0O 21 December 1966 0043 - 0049:./~~~~~~~~~~~~c -180 30 c. See Note 1 +180,.:............ _ _... _-180 21 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.:s.-.:. See Note 1 1*..~~~~~~~~~~.....V:. Z...... -.. ai%?Jb* -:.r,,~ a%: ~, e 21 December 1966 0643 - 0649 aC \.! ~... i' I..&;"~ ~*& I * * *:-.;*/?' i/ / /a_ w.. *.-.**. —6 -180 r~'. Lt.r See Note 1 4180 21 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

o*1;:t V-:E O -180 032'... 1e.o ~':~~~~~ 0""""'~'.'.f. ~' I",':."''' See Note 1 -180 21 December 1966 1043 - 1049 I tI 0 d: A %... 0 0 0.. %. 0. Al A 4b.., -.Nt 0 % -' %ft % W; ve %fto. w % *'PO # Y... qb. - * * 0 -'.'.'; *V'. ~: ~.? 4A W.-*.' —. V..i..... y ~ f,...-AO80 See Note 1 Z Ft 04-1M. _. i,. V -18O 21 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

I. See Note 1 _l -180 -180 21 December 1966 1443 - 1449 -_0 o U;I J p A*...v&.' *.. -.180 1.. C See Note 1 -1180 21 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 i _ -.,O0 _180 21 December 1966 1843 - 1849 *.;:, N?"~ s., - *.u.,:.. -180 ~<'.^ ~ ~," ~. q**.< *f -ISO~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:; 0i..-t See Note 1.+l180 x,.: *.. j. VWe,- $'; v*'*r** I,-:. t.;-. t P * I.: ffg'a' t #6 ~%. P.. I-180 21 December 1966 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

i I s ZI: See Note 1'. _ mm r * + \ -:; J+A~ _ _, mA*'- J'-"4.-':./*. *:i *- i ft. -180 -1;0 22 December 1966 0043 - 0049 i..; A. * E -!:',4., *.. i I t - - ~ ~.. ~ -~'.V'.... ~ qw. ~pr.,,~. -.~..~ IA See Note 1 and______. a. f:*i ~180 -~80.* I I~ "-.'. - ~"'" ~. m ~ ~'~', *.': r ^.~;.. -7 / a; - w-xY^, "-.:r t x:~"-...z,,,.-..-.,..-~: * ^:< ~*.* ^ * <' *y'A. % *...; e,~.;. _ +.1.0 -.180 22 December 1966 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

...'1, z 4 e: See Note 1 -+180 Ws -1,0 -18':' 22 December 1966 0443 - 0449 ~~: 4.~~~~: ~~~ C,&3~~-.*~~ X~'~~~..%v 7,. 0 *.:.^ -'....-a. *..,... -1801.,.:...-.: ~- --'.': -ISO~~~~~., See Note 1..._'%" -.Ii -180 ^ ^'^ ^...,.- ~.w~~~',, ~,,-?1,:,.~ ~.-,~.-. I~~~~~~~~~~~* *' **" I*e 22 December 1966 0643 - 0649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

t. a..I-i. ~ -? S ^ ^ ^- ^~~~. i. -180 See Note 1 4.18;.. -18.'., - -.18$0 22 December 1966 0843 - 0849.o. ** /..: *: * p.- ~...,...:..;;,~... ~:.,.'.'. > -:. *,.: v,ai..'. ~:.- ~.v *. ~'....~..,S.:, -,. %*.I.-I "w See Note 1.:.'_. _ i1;" -1 80 22 December 1966 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

I: o: +4180 "..-.-"0.:. f.''f',..180 See Note 1 22 December 1966,.o ~ *... ~..~ *.0 -_ ~. —........... I. -..;' 1. -.;. 0..: -.6::. 1243 1249 en ~ *-+180._. ^:.; ~. - ^if^- *' 1 S.* ^.4 *. * -... -.. ~.. ~.* - "*, * -.-, *:...:.,, S.:;' "-"80,I: 4 2 See Note 1 4-+180 -1..80 22 December 1966 1443- 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~*^(.f$. @'I * - *. -** -180 i-:, i-: See Note 1.W> ^f ^^ yv.*.... * * * * * *~ y * ** *^ * o 22 December 1966 1643 - 1649 +180'^~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~';.. **-.*'*'* ^ ^ ^ ~* * - <-.'.' S.-.-^.^.^., <.-c U f' ~.^ -. * *...,:* a., * * W. *.;" r'a; V g.! K S C is.' -. %'~?."-:g' ".:...-...,-..-.0.t.. — l I' -I See Note 1 -.180 _ *<. < -: l: -- -.. -*;.. _ *.*. ~.. -.;. -1j0 22 December 1966 1843 - 1849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

It.,^ - *; 7.. 1:-....:. -—..it!,"~.:,. i.: i: I See Note 1 22 December 1966 2043 - 2049 4180...... *:.. - *. I H I-O... -1801 S I7, C0.-: See Note 1.+;n1. jKI80: "' f ~'4 t ^'''', *!. * *. I - 180 22 December 1966 2243 - 2249 -1;;80 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0:g.: \. & ~ t: /;. -1L80 I See Note 1 -,sr w, lqi I IwX,.'^4 At -it, -.'A ~.&, ",,, -4.* *,,. — *. — - p. -.1'0 23 December 1966 0043 -0049 00.1.2:,.'..:'.-; - )'.',.,dr_;. ~:~...' i: ~...;-,.^:'f ^.~ * \,. ** -.*, * * -\' ^:. -180 -1;E;O~~~~~~~~ ~, See Note 1. ~. *... 4 ~ ".''. +1A80 3/'1.~ *. —':... ~.t.'.,....,..... *.. - -1.80 23 December 1966 * 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

21;. 4 -180. -b OPEC'11;% I 0-% v A ~.P. x 1. 4%.,'r See Note 1.+18; -180 23 December 1966 0643 - 0649:.~ 4'e4.'-.....:.. -,.'.__.....,'.....-;:'-*', -180 See Note 1 -180 23 December 1966 0843 -0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

*'4 *. I'-.:. o.. 1.80'.; r..,:. 0; ^ *~f _ -: 8 -l U gA i:. 0La op.1 - #;.o 0..:. ^. . 4. %. % 0 See Note 1 e,.....t@ pe-"-' ""-.:*'"-'.. 7."- -- f * ---. -..-...-.'. -'. 1.-' —'.;' -.180 23 December 1966 1043 - 1049 oo _ O l; 3:%. %:. 4!-. A. r: 9.; 4180 ~ d S" -:.. *' *; * k-.../.,. **,'~-.>'-~,'.* r.:"*R -<-;;,' ~,' ~ -'-'t:.....- t,,; I..' - ~..,.;-' *.;. -,180 See Note 1 -+180,W.Of -180 23 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

I: *. 2. -d'.#. I A ~ b.'... p D.'..-,.'.I - -'.f -1..- ~-.. *.. -.. * *., * - _,t.3_.s' J**^^'^7^^ y 4; %' -1;3;4 ~ ~~~~~~'3'~-",.~...,,,'-~.~~~,..,.':? a,'~~-""... ~''''~- ol,-:'- See Note 1 +180 _;.80......,......-....3..._ * ~*..*. *:... -:'"8 1.". 23 December 1966 1443 - 1449 o00 I-& 4:2:,'. ~.''. ~..' - s....:... *^..:..:.*.-.7..:. -.:. -:.o..:,-.'.~...'.: ~:.:.. *.. -. ~','.-.,*... -. -.- -1eo See Note 1 _ *. * - * * - *. *oo.. *w.,. *t~Mf^~ * rif-r * j * * * - *.r -n n.rrT f L * * * * p*.... ~...: ~ * - *..* ~....3... _::.-........':- ~:.-.'' _ e*. **. ~~~~~~~_ * 23 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

4:: -, *:*.^:<-'.. **..: *'*.h y *:~-....... +180 See Note 1 l;ASO. -.................... -180"** * * * -180 23 December 1966 1843 - 1849 o0 ND3 m. 1 i: See Note 1:~........ _. %*.%..... *... * *. Je.... *.. *..* *. *.... -'$0 -180 23 December 1966 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

=S...., * -:. -...:. * - +180,"-;: -,A~.:'-, *.'. 6'.Sr —*.:"' -.;. *.: *^~~ *, ~ -. -.',r -...' >- #d *,'.,::.. /<- -.. -,~ See Note 1 -+*..1..8 _-. ~... ~. *.. * ^ * *,,,,* *, e ** e- * * *** * * - ** * -* v* _ **../ **. *: ***.**~;..- *. ** * *y'_ * * o -*1801 23 December 1966 2243 - 2249 CO CO.:E: See Note 1 -.1... *.. *..: *-..-...... *.' *1.. - _....:..',-eo.i.... - _. -..:. *./.;-.;.,,... ~-. *o oo o., o ~ -180 24 December 1966 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.E:4 +180'* ~'.Ai:'.,.* * -' -I.'p:.. 1.0.' -.180: See Note 1 4 ~p: ~......-.:'..0.. -.'..~.1~?,.......6......... 4% %.. - -, ".,.... t..., -.0 0-. -,.-, -,,'....; -180 24 December 1966 0243 - 0249 *i: 7" i: ~'. ~...:.... +.180'-A. See Note 1... 4.180 _ *:.... ~ -. * -. _ ~. _,,. 24 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.AC.*- - -......- 8^0 +180.., -;:.-..- ~.17....-.-.-'.:. *,:,.'-...-,-... **s....-180,.. -: I. See Note 1 ~..:.:........'. _::'*:|; *@:0A; 24 December 1966 0643 - 0649 * o0 U.,:'. +180,-1..'.? +.1;~;0~~~~~~~~~~ See Note 1 180.......... * * _ *.- *- **:' *1o~.. -1';0S I..:... -. I *... _.. *... * *. -. ~ 24 December 1966 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0 <_: _: *....* ~ *'... *. * -. -.. 4180. -180,, ~..'' Io m. -'I. I ~ dt q.,:t.. t.,:'.^:.~ ".,P'"~'C-. ~~~~~~~~~., ~:........ ~.... ~'~.'... —.'4."~',.~~':~,"~',.:,~..'..~'.,'~."" See Note 1,..+j.,...i I........... K. 24 December 1966 1243 - 1249 00 so See Note 1 -+18E;0 _D,.....* _.,. *.* * *..C. _ c. *;*.A** *.n *.*. * K. -~'*.* -*: _e;1.1 24 December 1966 1443 - 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

. See Note 1 ~180 -180 +18;0 _*.*Sis~~~v. *.,'..~.." ***St' e+.....: *o * - * *. _ *BS~~~ *: *... *.. _.. ~,,..^* -0'. -1e;1wl~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, 24 December 1966 1643 - 1649 o0 -.3 See Note 1 9+18;0 T ~, * * *.* ~_.' ~. a.,... *..* - -.'.' -180 -180 24 December 1966 1843 - 1849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

Z4.:.,W. A. " I ^. <..,"-.^,.'* ^,'' *'*'.. F::' 7'~ ^....': semi: ".',^^,'....-''^-1.80 See Note 1 4180 -1. 0 "- -";,.,/,.. 1~, 24 December 1966 2043 - 2049 Co _ o.1 *: 1. -- ISO, Tr.'.~,'f 30 2: ^. ~: ~.' ~..'. See Note 1 +1;80: -1;00 24 December 1966 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0L; See Note 1 -180 el^\^;^ 25 December 1966 0043 - 0049 i0:I.: See Note 1 -180... 9-+leto - 3-... 33-.3. *180~~~~.".-....'-,,:3.3'". _.. *.. - 25 December 1966 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

,. - -.'....' *.".. - -. *.- -........, - 680 See Note 1 _..0 ~'^.-' —:"'-:-,?'.'~'.'^*::^'.,.,%:,,;.o: +-S..; O - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~. 0,. -J.1;O 25 December 1966 0443 - 0449 CD - o 1.:.'~ ~:.. *. *. -180 -.'..:',:..-: ** **'.*.-:, i;*:".'j. o. -80, -..,... —.,,A, ~..-."-.'',~,-,..,-,;:'...,_. See Note 1... --... ~ 0..... 0% ~ ~*.. *. 25 December 1966 0643 - 0649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

ow.w * *-w * y* *r.'~'*' 1 1 p6 See Note 1 +.1.80 ~~~~~~~.-.-...,.:'.,~.,.:..-'. eAS _0 &...,.; ". - * *e A ~ -**. dll o% o ~,,.~ %e:- ~. dw *. v A ^W do. I *.'.' ~. ~. ~ -1801 25 December 1966 0843 - 0849 * 30Z: S * I. t. . I; I -~80 .1. I -, A -- 4, * - -t? 4 (, -VYF 1w Asviav 91! Boom See Note 1 Sac~k;' *db r':v'\.*.., -'1 +A180'Im -1O80 25 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

4.hdA P4*4dj,:; A!': LV1.. I 0 *a..:... See Note 1 +180;. %..,;.m - - -.0 eluftw%-*Ae -1;80 25 December 1966 1443 - 1449 *;.... * Ay.,,, w., ^, A. z: i_,. -180 -J180 See Note 1 *............ ~ - ^-"''." ~'.t~,^,,...? -:~ el *~* * *.: _***.. *:. * *-.:*. -- *.* 25 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~ 40 %.'*8~~. *.": - INY 4..e. 4. 2 et, u,..,.3 N8 42,;. See Note 1 -180 25 December 1966 1843 - 1849 4I::z. N -180:.:.;, /..... ".'., -:,., lt80....: V.?.-.,:'.,.~::..h. See Note 1 -180 e1 8 25 December 1966 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

A. I o ~' A,, -: *.*.:', I,: -180 a: See Note 1 +18;0 l -.1;0 25 December 1966 2243 - 2249. -.'. A.1 +180...... -180 -~ ^^. ^^/'^^^/.. ~v^^^^^^^. _ 44- L~. —, See Note 1.1.. 26 December 1966 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

f C f.... * l*-2'" *_. -:',.,..-, *:':'.'?' t A.:.. -180.: 0:, See Note 1 +180 el ~ **. *. _ *:* * * 1 el* *... *. -.1.~01 26 December 1966 0243 - 0249 CD: -CJn 6:42;: See Note 1 -1.180.^ i i-,: -.-1 rK.. -'** - Ir..1 t -180 -180 26 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

Si:* at.:.; x-.c''-".'.,:;'- t:. F'?; -.80 / See Note 1 -. **. ~~~~~ ~ *y~.. W -+1 80 ~.......-.../.- ^,,.'.... t-I, 26 December 1966 0643 - 0649 "I i!1. t I!.1 I tc 9 v.,.; S.,. ~.. I qll I;.'...-. * ** See Note 1,..E w _~jL ~180 ~:..... *',4f.""V,,,'.. -,*-'.-1-.8'..'.,i..".. _. *.,' t..'S i~:.'.,:/:,.L' i,; f' -180,., t._......' Ji.o.- *.:.. _.*. y *L 180$i 26 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

2.: r,..".A-.'. I ~.'.. I _ Xi;'.:I,... k. j! i L.........'-.....,'.., a, e. ~ ~)"'t,.. ~' # ~.I' s"... ^4 -. -.. — _ I * I. -!.:.,-,:.: I -. t. A.. _:, J':., -180 +1;80 * ~; -.c * -180 26 December 1966 2243 - 2249 * *:t'p.,'. 0 ^ *......::.......*: " _- v *Jr * a v i: d' " e.' -1,80 See Note 1.+180:1SO..,. - - -:. 0 -.:,-::,,.. -,, -1~0 27 December 1966 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 * o,,.-1.'.,.o..... -.8............ 1.... -.. - _ /....*:....-.. ~......'.. **'..'. -180 27 December 1966 0643 - 0649 Co 00':.. g...:i'',; A;.,,.....18.0.:is.y 1*....,...'.,.', ~ ~..' *** ~.** * * ** ** w. *.'. v * * *. 0 J.~ *i m1 l 27 December 1966 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

A. as i,....,.180' it!:*.?."r".,'?.': -*..:. ~. r,Y.' _.'.'.. mm T -. $1,.? 4';'''~.*. ~':.,. *' ~.^ -: 4'.:.:.&_;~ -180. t. 9., k:.%.j. -v. 4 AA.,;,L...,,ra 1% i a ItI or... ~.'s:0 -180 I II 11.10i I f.. ~~.;..'I:f. I? it -t~L~-.Ilk - Aft d~ L * * 18+1 - J.;;0 N't jp .... p. *. p.'p.. dU ' 27 December 1966 1043 - 1049....: X,::. -'* * 3. v.. * ~ -. -1".s. f,8. *.,.' —'0*' e,.':.:i h J'-.' ~. -1$0 I I i. -ft 1 4 -. I..;%.::k ft; L-. k, & - F.,: I:,I *..I %*I Z -180 ":''......../...,.~-.,;'.:.,,....,, ~......;,... -lk^ f. A 4180 al..<w~ii^ ufr.w.M.r.. ""~.- -,.. -180 _ W 27 December 1966 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

,:':.: See Note 1 ^*'V -'-: ^':;~.~....'.. -.'**...* L^ -',";:..' -.:1 *',0.. -180 - f, t T -.' -y: A'./.~L;; ^ i. *8.s:-'.1 8;O m0 A. 0.. -.80 27 December 1966 1443 - 1449 0 CO See Note 1' **.q.t.4..*;* &. *; ** ~, ~ - ~'!...**- ~ *' -~'~.:0' -: /,,' ~,,~.-: *; -180 ~;..*.:.-.... - -+180 _ A _ _ X~~~~~~~^ _;- _^^^* -1.80 27 December 1966 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

i: oI: t.i.. - V.:;*I.. * -180 ~..: of-.'' 7 * ^.~,;-'. ~-:'.'. **-A.Y:.* -~ -.t~O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l See Note 1 4.160.-~6. I.: ~.~*?. ^ "^ f*..... -180 27 December 1966 * 1843 - 1849 See Note 1 Ii *.F. *' J -.16" 0 _1:... _... *- *-..; <*.~~ ~ ~ ~~~-'. *e*'* ^*1.=.01....-.... -.,6 o.,.. -o -;: 28 December 1966 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

I. See Note 1 +180; /T' -.' jI u ~i::-i80f l!; 41S; o -1.':' 28 December 1966 2243 - 2249 to See Note 1 d-1 o r -..,:_,.;','./, ~":,..;.:*~. *,~,,U -.1A.; 0,1 X,: --- - --.0140P.0 —. -- -- - --- -- ---- - --- - A-m ortorsk%. 4180 -.-.. 4O.. d... oap%:JK 0: 04 %,. U..., % S. %-'..... " - 0 X. -.1;. V^. 29 December 1966 0043 - 0049 * Second 3 minutes * First 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

03 2 r See Note 1 -1;, /*3. ~ *..'?(''' 1. ~ *'W,. -1;3;. _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~''-~80 1:80 _- g'-,;-.'.-.;,. _ * * x^^ y^ 30 December 1966 0643 - 0649 * c-A CO See Note 1 r..a: ~~.1 ~~' / ~-x V18 _..,v,/*,"':,?'-,. m.v.^..,. r ro 1 January 1967 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

Z4,: -180.. * _. _ _.. "*....-..... *.;,,:..-_. * r..:.';'.**'\' r / */ R ^ Aw. -180 ~~~~~~~~~4', ~h** r ~ r~~*.... w. o.X-s **... *:*:: *: -**- * -- **.- * * — *j. *..*. *. * *. *. *.0.180 ~..j. 0,,, e., 1 January 1967 * 0443 - 0449 _I0 1 5.L: -. v..'.. ~ i.8u -.180 -i. 80 o ~ j-.....~ -. **.....-.,.. -.1AS O. 1 January 1967 * 1843 - 1849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~~~~~~~~2..5 qV **ri * %J 5:; 4 eK Ak. ~ 2:4.,. p......... ql.%..*..o'... A... j 8. -.0........' " -. "'...-.:.'.?A.\' s...? -.-.' * *,:W~ U U, et;, - L ~~_~.. -- %.1. Ji -180 1 January 1967 2243 - 2249 O-n......-'.,q~'''~' -180. 0-U c'1 See Note 1 4180 m~~^ -'to. 2 January 1967 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

:33.:...%:. *.'. * *A.;..' ~ * *.... -'. -. -..:..'_...:,'~.'-.-. ~, it.a.:.:.,,- - be -a *.^^*-'.a'::,';-:;:::' 5:.:.:'*7, -180 See Note 1 +.180 - -.-. -'. -...-.,.-. A".'.":'-;... —. -'.....'. %. * ~: " ~ j ~e 0q ~ I,1 S. %180 I. Ap.,.-." - -. 2 January 1967 0243 - 0249 I —L C ). A. ~ o ~.....:* ~'. ~'. * /-:; — -.-:,':-* *-.: -... -180 See Note 1 ~-7,O A.I o.,,;It r -%.- 8'.. el 1 $ 0 el.~ 2 January 1967 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.!.*... r -. -...~~~~~~~~~~.-....~ ~-:.........-.. -..~....'-...::-, ~;'..-:,. —,?; ~:-'-~.-~..,.-....~-r.,/..:' ~,,.,....~:. ~..-. e'.: ~.'..''.:"~ ~"~'.t.' ~~ ~~~(-~f r."'=;''~-,~ ~'.."..'.s~.. 42a.: See Note 1.'::.: *.,' * -'',:*.:: a.-:... 9\: ^-1j.0o... *. ~ *e **l -..1, * 0 -1e0 2 January 1967 0643 - 0649 -L 4-.I See Note 1 *,...180'..' *. s *?. c ~ i ~ *:?' * 0 4'* *' -;*'- * *" -180 VI.L~.'r~''~. q"'..~%. -..:.X,.'~.~.:.';,..t."...'...e -.;-~:~..-..: -.-:...~.: p~ 4!:2' *-. hew@i c; bo@- *- -- - *;- * i* * @ *:. * * 4'..::....'*.. -, ".*....... 9'IO -'q~'. ~.- 2 January 1967 * 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~^:42 See Note 1.. ~:.''' ~' *.' ~. -.,'.;~, ^'./2... ~..... *.2, f ^ ^~~~~~~~~~''..',7.,,'9;. ~ % "....'A.'; *... 0.-'^..T' ~. -, ~..'.. V.< ~. a * *:. *'.. j.:*.':. -180 em~~~~~ ~I ~..4MI~.., -:.-,.:.-;:'.. ~ ~.'."~,,,,...-.... _''eDt. *. - y -. * -. * i, *..; _;~. -',.k. &S. -.18 0 - -d6..o el.- - F: -.P -P... v. -F.... a..,,.1 - T - "., -.-A-re. I., 2 January 1967 A_ 1643 - 1649 C) - 00 0o:;: -180 P.r'~.. q, ~~<~~~~A.*;.:. -180 l'b.. -: -..-.'.. I*.. ~-....., —..:' "'-'"'O -',?::,~~~~~JA....;.:.':.....:/. A..../.....,.,....- *. -* -*1 8 3 January 1967 0043 - 0049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0d:.:.";180 A.'.":'"I"- i^-J' f t ~ *'.-..A.'..: *V. -180 4180~~~~~~ -Eii..t %~ ~ pa ~ -4 l r 4.r -180 ~ ~~ ~. fA -i.1 ~;': W:..... %-'r --. %Zlwli - - .,% J:P. -180 3 January 1967 0243 - 0249 I-L~ 0) 122Z See Note 1 *.N A.,~... -';-. r...: J*'''tr *y ^' *>.':* *.'..*.......' ~ ~.... - _;.:. ~- I *,w o ~ is..~ 0. *- ~...., ^. _ 0'''';^..,:. v ~'4'.* _F~:- -'~.,...;Za,. ~o.s,;O,..... -1e~~~~~~~~~~,,.., 4^M'^'f80Su^W LL',_,, , ),,,,, ,_4 —-~T —LI~ - *.... _.^* -..-. 4..-. -:180 3 January 1967 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

%. I:: ~~~~~... co. ~ -.:...., ~.....:S....,.:~.. -f y~~~..^,. 4'.f.-'?.-. ~' ~.*.^..' *"*.'.,' j4&*k;i.-. -180 See Note 1 -a. so 3 January 1967 0643 - 0649 0.... *'.,.. ~' * *.:..-.,;t,..-.,',..... *. *. * -... *418;/~. *. * k *~.*. "".'.':T. ""''q " ~ -;.A.:' -— v:..r~.~'.",.:.. *, -.. J *^a *:..-.-..'.... —l T ha~0 -a.80'...*:.*..*. & 4,.. ~.;. ~ *:'. ~;. i. ~. -. X - ~:..: -,SO -~80 *.. I* * *.in. **. ^ **.",.. —.. ~ *. ~ ~ ":~."~',-'.,;-.' A;' -1A1O 3 January 1967 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

;4.: *"to"' I...e o~ *p..*..... ~1 *'.*'* ~ ~ *0..'. ~ *.-'. -',.80'''. See Note 1 4180 A* *.^.*' -............ =0 -180_~~~~.. _ r^g->,:A''~....'._ -: ~~~~~~~.:-.~,j - 3 January 1967 1043 - 1049 F-L,. .,.,.* -..:... -.'......* -v80.-..^.........- d -:*.-.. -J.80;,.-.,r..:'..'':'.s~-.'.;~. lob.~ k'...,''',~~,. ~. — _' See Note 1 _.:t;o. > _-,,o,_w,,w He, -* V.. 1.1bov-p-NIVA. lll I -180 3 January 1967 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

: i:. A le', i'':.~.,.,;.^,-..... *:' *...,'-. O,, V,~.. 4.....~:~~ lso, ~:'.~.'^% "(~~ " &~W."M J.4,*.' "~v~~'"-I~~~SO.., ~ ~...'..'... %x. f.. +1 $.0 w'::.. —.:"'*:'V'.'"'..-""... 10 -1,~0 3 January 1967 1443 - 1449 1 0'' I-A Ito B I'..~,.** *..**. *.......l * * -180 3 January 1967 *^ 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

4i:'z See Note 1 +.1. l - **'d.' *.'.' * *.'*-,... ~ ~. -ISO% wy i: rsa' As -1A80 3 January 1967 * 2043 - 2049 3-La -A~: 0~: See Note 1 {c ~.-.......:t.' ".':...~ ~~-...'180.~..; - *.....-..*..*..., _. *...:.. —.. *' *-*.*.-'; *..-..: -180 -180 4 January 1967 * 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

~,"'= 3 * * *. N.:.'. -'~ *:..-.'. *'*'.~ ~- -..*~- *.-...~. ~s..' ~.~..;.~ ~',. ~~**.*Adb% - *.*:*- ^.*.....-:.... -. * * *.:-..~':'...* *.. *. *:;**-^:.....-'.*:.- / -......:: *' - ~*;'....An:-.- - * -' t*.. * ~.. *.. I 0 -1;80 -180 4 January 1967 0843 - 0849 I — )-A 0:2;. See Note 1 *.. -..'J.':'.' ".'.~.'**.'-.'*~: ~* to..' i.'4..:';''',,.,'..,~:.. -...... -.180 ~..('.~...,t.:.' ~..t~~~i'':-'',. i'-' ~...,.~.. =.~,', -.-... _..,.....~,. 4..o-.. \_: ~. *. ~ *.- *......'."......._;~~...,4'.','.-. "..; s'.-.. ~.# <. ~. ~.. -a. 1_0 4 January 1967 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

:0 -_: See Note 1.'...... ~ *.'''-''" e*''' %* ~. ~.. -.;.''';;_.- *.* * ~~~~~~~~~..-:e;,,-... -180 4 January 1967 1443 - 1449 I-LA Cn,.O..I2 See Note 1 *.-: -..,,.' ~'-,. -'180 11:16~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' ~...*: * *. ~. *. ~.. ~ ***.... *... *.* *.... *;~, **.* -- *,- *... ^J~~~~~~.SO 4 January 1967 2043 - 2049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1 I' -18... -:jf-/'^' ^-^*'*. 55...too 4 - v ~ ~ 5,.* -.....-..- ~,*.*.r a.:*::'........_ _:."..\ *.y ^/'.Y\ * ^ *-^ -- q;e O _-.. *..^'^:: ^ ^'^ ^ ^ q% ** * _...: -~~~~~~~~ * *. ~ _ *. - - * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o,,.d, ~.;d.r.e'q -1;E;1l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~qk " I * 4 January 1967 2243 - 2249 I.A 1:: a. ~~~+180~ *: "'*.' Off' *.,;-'.. -' * -.180 /.- *-J~L:.,:'.,:8,,,0:,.':~J-":..:;-v~~: See Note 1 ~ * * -' ~ ~ > ~. * *****. ~. -:.- *. -.S-~ *.:...'.'..' " *. -*'. *-1 8 0... - 5,....; *.' q ~.'5q,, $* ~ ~.'. -....... v1;,:,s e... ~'.'. _.. - Vr.*.. I*. I" —'.. -. -.. -* *.-...'. ~% -180 *5*56 5. I N,. *s * * s.. D 5 January 1967 0643 - 0649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

;.....~. ~;*'*..''.:.*/*f.-.-180' See Note 1 S..*** *.... *... **.1. %.qr -.0 n P -. a.,., V P.-..-, le-,,w.. I I. %j.lb... g! 1,.4. P.. %. jl,-'_.'%..0..,, _.. 0. -.. %;'CO. %P.,P %.P.. 4. 0. "C' -.. lb I r -: ,... -.. -. - -. 5 January 1967 0843 - 0849 I-A?-L I.3.1. ie See Note 1.:..*-..-......:. *...* +180 *:-..'. _;.:"* *:*..' *........... -~1 10 5 January 1967 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

S21La a * * *. * **:..' See Note 1 -.1.80 ~,..~,-.~' 80?~ "'' ***i**. D** 5 January 1967 1243 - 1249.'......'x, ge*'~es, -. ~. ~.A'*. )-A I —;A 4.i: - 00 _* *...:.. ~.^. *... ~. See Note 1 -.180 5 January 1967 * 1443 - 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

-180 See Note 1.:.. ~ ~.... _ ~. *'..' ~ -.. -180 6 January 1967 0043 - 0049 See Note 1 v'... _B..-.* ~ -.-.1':.. ~... *.*....': - -180 6 January 1967 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

..1...::. See Note 1 -....... *.+.; ~'-l~'''-,.:.l'. ~.. +180 r~, 6 January 1967 0443 - 0449 -- O e 1:.. * *...S..:.....*..# *J... *.,......*? See Note 1 -.~ 0 -.1;; 0 6 January 1967 * 0643 - 0649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

i: t.: 6'6.:''..,-...-,. \ -. -.. -180 See Note 1.... +."."..*'.'''.:.'. ~?'N./...~'..-' -.~ .'dqVb p*. -1 O 6 January 1967 * 1043 - 1049 I. - — k o0 3:; ~:~~~~~,t p~~., @..~...,.' 4 **...-.,:. 1. > -::,.'-180. See Note 1 *..''** * " ** *'.i.' *''. *;'-:'',*-'~..,''.' +'.' p *..- 6 January 1967 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

c' -: i: - -,:-_:... * ~'- ~ — I..: *%-." ~........... — * See Note 1'*,y *d* (...R. f...,.;, *1 . -.1 e 1., -c'. 6 January 1967 * 1843 - 1849 I-A 1 I- i:'. 4' ~.........' -.'';,. ^' X' J7 " -180 See Note 1 +1.;; l'a *'* ~ ~ ~ ~ J 6 January 1967 * 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

4.::..:: ws;-:. -, X *..'.~.-;,. -.... -'a.... gA t0,An%,' k. A-.-:,v..,.,.... -:- ~..-':..-~.':J.;-.', ~'::-A~0,:.,.-.-.. See Note 1 -......%...~.N' %-'.... +. 1;:; i J-1~~~~~~~~ * I'.v.;'. ~.'~..~.~.~%,.-, --, -.1.;0 7 January 1967 * 1043 - 1049 it. 0c:2;' CA o..-,. 44.:..,-'. /.....:.-..,.. -'.'...: % -.,:........ *. e _. ~ -.. ~ *s.:.::;.., *.-;* *-."'':':-" ":', 7' -.?":".'." "'..".....: ~..l'j See Note 1 -.1. $0 8 January 1967 0443 - 0449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

0' i: i: jw-~~~~..~~~~: A + -'t' <'8< 0; -' *, z,.'t b.:.:,-. ~ * a ~ -1i80; it~"' a ~,'"'''~~''~''''.:'",. See Note 1 +.-+;1: -j.10O 8 January 1967 0643 - 0649 I.S - 4'.%.,.. ~. *...- ~ -a~ ~~~~~. %'.. - * 0':""" A;" "''' "'''' "' e'.,~; ~-~ 12'::.... J.~.~. See Note 1 + i.; 8 C' 8 January 1967 0843 - 0849 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes

:: -- l: i; it.~F.~.-' ". ~ ~ t. -...;' s -..,: * ~ ^.*- <:.....,..&.....;., ":..:;.e l-'':,1^.; -.,,...;.~., "'-" J " o ~'"~"0: See Note 1 ~ ~.,.... ~ *,,,,,: -.' 8 January 1967 1043 - 1049 I i See Note 1.. *.'',"..'. *._..;* _ ~., *,......~:.,-_'.,-.....,. e, ~'qq'..'~....'ddk " ~ ~. i#*.. -180 -.,v% ~.,"^ ^:'.~.; ~.: _l *a-S^?..5 -.'. a~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'.'-',''' *:''./..,~-::...'^- ~. ~ -. -'. ~.~' s^.:'" -180 41;8;0; _-1... -1;*; 1 -1A~0 8 January 1967 1243 - 1249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.~ 4 6' *..*... o~.* * +.. ~.. ~ -gAie.o ",~,.~;..-.'.~~,'......'.~.,..'..~. See Note 1 8 January 1967 1443 - 1449 I* 30 xvOft ~**,-..'.,. -. ~.. 4180 "**;.-' p. *-.-,.~f.~.~.:/?....:., T:..-.::.., A.... " —',,. A' "',. *. X^.;,,.-...-..,.... *..-..... ~..,.. ~80~~~'...".-A -.L,~O~~~~~~~~~4 See Note 1 _*..;. ~.:.',.. I.. *.....*. *. I *. - {-ad.'i'ss SB~ s~ ~~~~~'"'.''%-.'; d~' 8 January 1967 * 1643 - 1649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

032 See Note 1 +180...j.'.. * v., ~. ~.<.e - t"'..,^.:.',,:...*:'.". ":.. - ~' —.., * * *.;" af:...i.o-1;13;4,._~~..' —..~: 4. ". -~'''.. ~ac.~~~~~6,,,,;,...v,,,,, I ~.-*'.:! -.180: — _-l&O 8 January 1967 2043 - 2049 3.-A 0 o:: See Note 1 _.,; S-e'.'.'.'.... "....... _ -..'.., -.,.,':,'" *~:...e ~ o~~~~~~.-.. ~-~....'~-. -180 8 January 1967 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

-:.,: ~... / f:. -180'-."O'-. ~- - -"-'... — q'*~~.. 1JZ.' ~' ^ * -\'*';.%7 \' -. 4 -.''* -.:.*: % C'' -...%^: -1.180' -180......*** w'..;* *. ~p A. ** -^' f _ @ iso~. -.180 9 January 1967 0043 - 0049 _-A tIQ CO V' - 1~ ~~~~~~~ ~. 0. +180 -180.1,.: See Note 1 +,4 ~.1;;-v0;. t... -.:..' *;*:* * *.4'.. d.w..:.. *: 9 January 1967 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

See Note 1. o. *.'. -.'..'. *.:-,:.. 9 January 1967 0443 - 0449 I-A ~^~~~~~~~~180' ~~~~~~.> ": 4..~..,... ~,~:.,, -,,:- _,*: -.180 See Note 1 +.180 _ *- -, -- t * * **-. 1t. J... -....ft *,l ..% *****b* ' *....,..,. -180 9 January 1967 0643 - 0649 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

i'.'f:. c V;-.'Q M i im iio. w'; I -z 0e~sEbair~~ See Note 1'01-... _..-180 +-180.... -70 % -...1% 0.... - 9 January 1967 0843 - 0849 Co _ o.,:S. * **..-180^.. 1. ~.- f ~:.?.-:'~:'~'.'-'.-~. _~.~:.:~' ~. "\:'~.;:'''',wz,. -, J. ~,oo~~~~ -.. See Note 1'~~~ ~~..-'..A. —.-... —. ~~~~~~ ~~ o.:. ~ ~..,~.~,,~~~~~~ ~....~~-".~..~-. %;,:..,. +180 _- ^ r ^ / ^^ ^'^ ^ ^^^^ ~, 9 January 1967 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

.. - i'A ~ Ad j x d ^$.o -1;~~~~~B;^-.......?,,'4.':%..' /,, ~.;..A ~-.-:. See Note 1 ~,..-. q?.. ~.. ~ ~% ~0 ~ - ~, _,'-,1I[. 9 January 1967 1243 - 1249 C-L', - -:. l "_, y' -, * ~ ~?. -'.. —, -.' ~"r ~ *?., - -...:. -. afc.^ ~~-:.. T*f..-*" ~. -. ~ ~,,' ~ -180 y V.%.;;*...:.. -.. - _.'.... t.-!:. *;,:: ~. -.'.::.'.. -.'.\... - See Note 1 r,~.:_,I.._:,do 4 I l 9 January 1967 *\ 1443 - 1449 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

=~,2 -~80 ~ ~..~ ~ ~:~.. * ~ l.....:, -JL80 ~ ~ ~~~~~~% See Note 1 ~ - ~'.l'. -A'o -'.P', A_. **.....v..."f~v\ *. +180..* ~,.-.,,.,,,.;-'... 9 January 1967 2043 - 2049 )-A ~.. I) V t _ _.*y'-o-.; A,* - 1 _.-_ *;'. * *- * m_, -'..-0. -,;', -180. See Note 1.1w g?_ *1 9 January 1967 2243 - 2249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

t: A I~l n -A&iftn: 42 See Note 1 -+180~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~J4 *...-,,*Ohi... -. -180 10 January 1967 0043 - 0049 coCO a.:,i:. at t 1 J. ~ir. % *..:[:~ O..,-^ -,'.* @_. _. *. *..- @.'.,: L' -,-'. - -::-.180 ~',~.~r. /G.~ ~...;;.'a,..,..s ~".-. -' * *.'. *.... *. *1*.** * *. *..'.... *..**.. See Note 1 +180 -iso 10 January 1967 *^ 0243 - 0249 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

o. *~ -. -.. fi 4:: @; He' ~100. " /'4. ~.,.-:.'-,;'.~ —'',-......'.-. f ~ -.., - _ -. -. -.j. ^.;-."-*'-*' /.'-. *'*'~'.. -*;:,''-.- ~' i*';/t ^l -^-?^. _' —:6.^i; ~" ~: //,l ~Jr'-'" ~"J? "''.-*** -- — _.:, -.af i.r: *"'...;.:".*' -,. ~ ~, ~j -',.i? -.-& *'. -..,'-, l}I WM..., -set/'m ^ *leo~~~~~~~,.~J 0:; See Note 1.. -..^ ^y _-.180.:......~-..'...'-'**.., f'*-*.v:*,-.. * 10 January 1967 0843 - 0849 i-L 04~ *A-. I A- f *~/ *~:::.,~.:::: -180;-'; t' v $ -v4 -o.'- j*$0~~~~~.. ~ See Note 1 I -.......' hegK A G~~~~~~s —,. ~XeO~~~~~~'. 0~~~~~~~~ **. 00 y? ^^^ * lob -180 10 January 1967 * 1043 - 1049 First 3 minutes Second 3 minutes Carrier (entire 6 minutes)

Appendix C FILTER CHARACTERISTICS AND TRANSFER FUNCTIONS 1. Matched Filters In a linear system the time response of a filter to its input is given by the convolution integral 00 0(t) = f -00 h(T) g(t - T) dT where h(t) = impulse response of the filter g(t) = filter input function 0(t) = filter output function To match filter a waveform m(t) with duration T, let the filter impulse response be, h(X) = m(T- X) = 0 O<X<T otherwise The filter output is determined by.T 0(T) = Jo m(T - X) g(r - X) dX The substitution t = T - X yields 135

136 T 0(T) = m(t) g(t- T + r) dt Thus the output of the matched filter is the correlation of the given waveform m(t) and the most recent T seconds of the filter input g(t). 2. Demodulation ahd Filter Characteristics The waveforms subject to processing are the output of the analog filter of nominal bandpass 370 Hz to 470 Hz. The sampling rate of 1680 Hz is more than adequate to describe any waveform in these band limits. The program CMPRES completes the digital demodulation by averaging blocks of four X and four Y samples and thus smooths the effect of the difference in sampling time of X and Y samples. Taking a block of 4 samples for one of the coordinates can be described as a digital filter with impulse response 3 h(t) = E (-1) 6(t- nT) n=0 where T = 8lo0 sec. To obtain the frequency characteristic we transform h(t) into the frequency domain.

137 As a result we obtain - j37r fT sin 4It fT H(f) = j e cos T and I sin 47r fTI IH(f) Icost fT The frequency of the numerator sine-wave is four times the frequency of the denominator cosine wave. Zero-magnitudes occur every 210 Hz, except where both numerator and denominator equal zero. That is, at 420 and 1260 Hz the magnitude spectrum and the functions of the numerator and the denominator are shown in Fig. 9, CW1 The program CW1 correlates the compressed samples representing the received signal r(t) with the modulation M(t) = 1 of the 420 Hz carrier in CW transmission. A digital filter similar to CMPRES describes this operation N-1 1 2 h(t) = 6 (t - nT), where T = -- n=0 As in CMPRES we find the frequency characteristic by Fourier transformation:

magnitude 1.0 analog fixed filter passband 8\ I H(f) I s Sin 4afT| 0.8 // \ 4 - 4 cos 7TfT 210 Hz C.w co 0.6 - -3.9db 0.4 4 -12 db 0. 2 210 420 630 840 1050 1260 1470 168C frequency Fig. 9. Normalized low frequency part of CMPRES RMS spectrum

139 co T -j(N- 1) wT H(wo) = e 2 sinN 2 wT sin and XH(f)/ isin Nr fTI fH(f)l = IsinirfT The normalized spectrum (maximum magnitude = 1) is shown in Fig. 10. The frequency of the numerator sine wave is N times the frequency of the denominator sine wave. Spectral zeros occur at frequencies f = K/NT, K = 1, 2,3,..., N-1, N+1,..., that is 1 N 2N every 1.2 Hz except zero, -,2' 1- Hz, etc. At these frequencies, 1. 2 1.2 spaced 210 Hz, both the numerator and the denominator are zero and the CW1 transfer function has its maximum magnitude H(f) I = N = 252 max CW2 The program CW2 is the same as CW1 except that CW2 has a value of N = 5292 and T = 210 The normalized spectrum is shown in Fig. 11.

I H(f) I 252 1.0 0 db 0. -11 Hz -3.9 db 1. __ __ __ _ -13.4db -17.8 db 0 db 0 2 1. 2 4 1.2 210 420 frequency Hz Fig. 10. Details of CW1 normalized magnitude spectrum

!. H(f) t 5292 1.0 0.8 0.6 0 db 1 9; 9 Hz "" -3. 38db 0.4 -14.5db 0. 2 \ /21 -18. 1db 0 2 4 210 420 Hz 25.2 25.2 frequency Fig. 11. Details of CW2 normalized magnitude spectrum

142 CIRAV To average the data in preparation for sequence analysis, corresponding samples from twenty-one 1.2 second periods, one sample per period, are added together. To describe this process we use the same impulse response as in CW1: N-1 h(t) = 6 (t - nT) n=0 where N=21 and T = 1.2 Fourier transformation results in IH(f) = fsin N fTl _ Isin f 25.21 sinaTfTi - Isinirf 1.21 The CIRAV transfer function has spectral zeros at f = K/25.2 Hz, K = 1. 2, 3,..., 11, 13,..., and maximum magnitude = 21 at f=0, 1/1.2, 2/1.2, 3/1.2, etc. It should be noted that the period, or frequency interval between the main lobes is determined only by the time interval T between corresponding samples in successive sequences. Thus with a 1. 2 sec sequence, the spectral maxima will always occur at frequencies equal to an integer number times 1/1. 2 Hz. The normalized magnitude spectrum is shown in Fig. 12.

IH(f) f 21 1.0 0. 8 0 db I1 OK 0) Hz -6. i -3. 38db I 0.4 -14. 6db 0.2 -18.3db W" Hz,.2 frequency 0 25.2 1.2 Fig. 12. Details of CIRAV normalized magnitude spectrum

144 MCOR1 The program MCOR1 performs in digital form the crosscorrelation 1.2 0(r + 25.2) = f m(t) G(t+ T) dt where m(t) is the digitally stored version of the biphase sequence modulation, and G(t) is the representative digital 1.2 sec period of the received signal, obtained from CIRAV. The cross-correlation in the above equation is equivalent to the convolution G(T) * m(T- T) where T is the 1.2 sec sequence period and m(T - T) is the time reversal of the sequence. The single sequence pulse is described by h(t) = 1 0< t< b h(t) = 0 b < t < T T where T = sequence period = 1.2 sec, and b = pulse width 1.2 sec. 63 The Fourier transformation of h(t) yields fH(f) = b s fb The familiar in x type function.

145 The spectral power of the sequence is 63 times that of the single pulse. The normalized magnitude spectrum retains the same general shape. However, the d. c. power of the sequence is equal to that of the single pulse. Therefore in the normalized magnitude spectrum the line at 0 Hz has the magnitude -3 rather than 1 and $ 63 is 18 db down. T 1 In writing b =L = -' fc = clock frequence of the single pulse (8 carrier cycles) = 52. 5 Hz. The MCOR1 normalized magnitude spectrum becomes: sin(lf/ fc sin(7rf/52.5) JM(f) = Tf/fc = (Tf/52.5) f c and 1 1 1M(O) L = fa, f = fc The magnitude spectrum is shown in Fig. 13.

IM(f)l I 1.0 0. 8 0. 6 0.4 0.2 analog fixed filter pass band 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 Hz 1.2 1. 2 1.2 1. 2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 (370) (420) (470) Fig. 13. MCOR1 normalized magnitude spectrum

147 REFERENCES 1 J.C.J.C. Steinberg and T. G. Birdsall, "Underwater Sound Propagation in the Straits of Florida, "Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 39, no. 2, February 1966. 2. Proceeding of the November 1965 U. S. Navy Underwater Sound Symposium. 3. R. Unger and "R. Veenkant, Underwater Sound Propagation in the Straits of Florida: The MIMI Experiment of 3 and 4 February 1965, Cooley Electronics Laboratory Technical Report No. 183, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, May 1967. 4. R. Unger and R. Veenkant, Underwater Sound Propagation in the Straits of Florida: The MIMI Continuous and Sampled Receptions of 11, 12, and 13 August 1966, Cooley Electronics Laboratory Technical Report No. 186, The University of Michgan, Ann Arbor, June 1967.

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154 DISTRIBUTION LIST (Cont.) No. of Copies Mr. Beaumont Buck General Motors Corporation Defense Research Division 6767 Holister Ave. Goleta, California 93017 Dr. M. Weinstein Underwater Systems, Inc. 8121 Georgia Avenue Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 Dr. Harold Saxton 1 1601 Research Blvd. TRACOR, Inc. Rockville, Maryland 20850 Dr. Thomas G. Kincaid 1 General Electric Company P. 0O. Box 1088 Schenectady, New York 12305 Applied Research Laboratories 3 The University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas 78712 Attn: Dr. Loyd Hampton Dr. Charles Wood Dr. Paul McElroy 1 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 Dr. John Bouyoucos General Dynamics/Electronics 1400 N. Goodman Street, P. 0. Box 226 Rochester, New York 14603 Hydrospace Research Corporation 5541 Nicholson Lane Rockville, Maryland 20852 Attn: CDR Craig Olson Cooley Electronics Laboratory 25 University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105

I DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA R t D (.Seriftr rlV Mflrtaon nif tfl1*, hor of Iath'frart ted'ndfr^ n nnoltlnn nmroat he enteted whnm the overall te ott IA ea8#e1D ). "oNATING AC TVI TV (Coewote author) 28. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION Cooley Electronics Laboratory Unclassified The University of Michigan 2b. GRoup -. -...'-.. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105 3. RER~PONT TITL. UNDERWATER SOUND PROPAGATION IN THE STRAITS OF FLORIDA THE MIMI LUNAR-CYCLE RECEPTIONS 4. OESC fP TIVe OX"ret (Typs at report And Inchatlve date) C. E. L. Technical Report No. 219 - January 1972 B. AUI'Mo02S ({F;tr name, middle Initial, ta~t name) Raymond L. Veenkant Edward L. Tury 6. REPORT OATa 7a. TOTAL NO. OF PAGES 7b. 4O. OF REFS January 1972. 163 I es. CNNTRAC T OR GRANT NO. 9a. ORIGINATOR'S REPORT NUMBERIS) N00014-67-A-0181-0032 036040-11-T b. PROJECT NO. c. Ob. OTHER REPORT NO(S) (Any other numbers that may be assigned tfhl report) TR219 d. 10. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited *1. SUPPLEME.4TARV NOTES 12*.'SORING TARa TasecVITY it5ice oN'avai.esearch Department of the Navy Arlington, Va. 22217.....~~~~, ~.....-.~ ~:-:; -.. ~.,, I 13. ABSTRACT This study is part of a continuing program of underwater sound propagation research called project MIMI. The report covers reception and processing and a limited number of analytic comments. The test timing and duration were chosen to allow closer examination of propagation anomalies previously observed during the early winter and to obtain continuous data on an entire lunar-tide cycle (approximately 28 days). The major objectives were to provide data for the design of more extensive experiments and to test the programs and techniques associated with the LINC-8 computer. Signal processing was designed to yield both multipath information and data on anomalous path conditions. The principal success of the study has been in the improvement of processing programs and experiment design. F,, I. DD.NoV.1473 Security Classification

L Security Classifica tion_ ___ _ __ 14. LI.NK A LINK T LINK C KE WORD................ ROLE I WT mo. I. wT- RO, I wT I, _- I,.... I Acoustic signal processing Coherent demodulation Digital signal processing Underwater sound Multipath propagation Crosscorrelation receiver Signal averaging I offim 1 ~~~~~~ I I st -- 11 — ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Y J-~, —-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-s g --- — IL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ mmmolo mmm fmw mmmmw i j 3 —Rs im —"'T_ Security Clussiicaltion

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