1268 Records downloaded - Thu May 05 14:34:34 UTC 2016 RECORD 1 TITLE What is the clinical relevance of drug-resistant pneumococcus? AUTHOR NAMES Cillóniz C. Ardanuy C. Vila J. Torres A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cillóniz C.; Torres A., atorres@clinic.ub.es) Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic Del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona (UB), C/Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain. (Ardanuy C.) Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain. (Ardanuy C.) CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. (Vila J.) Department of Microbiology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain. (Vila J.) ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Torres, Department of Pneumology, Institut Clinic Del Tórax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona (UB), C/Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain. Email: atorres@clinic.ub.es SOURCE Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine (2016) 22:3 (227-234). Date of Publication: 1 May 2016 ISSN 1531-6971 (electronic) 1070-5287 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, kathiest.clai@apta.org ABSTRACT Purpose of review Pneumococcal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent years, Streptococcus pneumoniae has shown increasing resistance to a several antibiotics, becoming a worldwide problem. The impact of antibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae on clinical outcomes is still controversial. The principal reason for this controversy is the existence of several factors related to the patients and to the pathogen that may influence how antibiotic resistance patterns affect clinical outcomes. The aim of this review is to discuss current knowledge of the epidemiological data on antibiotic resistance; we also discuss mechanisms and risk factors for antibiotic resistance. Recent findings The phenomenon of serotype replacement after the introduction of conjugate pneumococcal vaccinations and the escalation of antibiotic resistance worldwide remains an important issue in terms of their impact on clinical outcomes in pneumococcal disease. Antimicrobial resistance of pneumococcus leads to changes in the clinical presentation of pneumococcal disease, making it more difficult to diagnose and to treat. Consumption of antibiotics in the community is directly proportional to antimicrobial resistance. Carriage of S. pneumoniae and infection with antibiotic-resistant pneumococcus is associated with prior antibiotic therapy, extremes of age, presence of comorbidities (i.e. COPD), attendance at child day care centers, crowded conditions, intra-familial transmission, and nursing home residence. Summary Antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae is a worldwide problem. The implementation of several strategies including vaccine campaigns, prudent use of current antibiotics, and programs for the surveillance of pneumococcal infections, could limit the increasing resistance of this pathogen to antimicrobials. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amoxicillin beta lactam antibiotic cefotaxime ceftriaxone chloramphenicol clindamycin cotrimoxazole erythromycin levofloxacin lincosamide macrolide penicillin derivative quinoline derived antiinfective agent tetracycline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic resistance pneumococcal infection (drug resistance) Streptococcus pneumoniae EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bacteremia beta lactam resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae drug misuse extensively resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae human macrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae minimum inhibitory concentration multidrug resistance multidrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae nonhuman penicillin resistance penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae review risk factor serotype Streptococcus pneumonia CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amoxicillin (26787-78-0, 34642-77-8, 61336-70-7) cefotaxime (63527-52-6, 64485-93-4) ceftriaxone (73384-59-5, 74578-69-1) chloramphenicol (134-90-7, 2787-09-9, 56-75-7) clindamycin (18323-44-9) cotrimoxazole (8064-90-2) erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4) levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0) lincosamide (80738-43-8) tetracycline (23843-90-5, 60-54-8, 64-75-5, 8021-86-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Drug Literature Index (37) Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160165329 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0000000000000262 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 2 TITLE Utility of a naloxone educational module to improve hospital opioid safety AUTHOR NAMES McGrath S. Baratta J. Torjman M. Shevchenko D. Pilidis K. Viscusi E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McGrath S.; Baratta J.; Torjman M.; Shevchenko D.; Pilidis K.; Viscusi E.) Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. McGrath, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, United States. SOURCE Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (2016) 41:2. Date of Publication: March-April 2016 CONFERENCE NAME 14th Annual Pain Medicine Meeting of the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, ASRA 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Miami, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-11-19 to 2015-11-21 ISSN 1098-7339 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Introduction Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist indicated for treatment of opioid induced respiratory depression (OIRD) or overdose . Naloxone can precipitate severe and even life-threatening withdrawal symptoms (e.g. tachycardia, hypertension, pulmonary edema or death ). Inadequate dosing can result in re-narcotization with respiratory depression and catastrophic sequela . Exploratory studies demonstrate gaps in many areas of naloxone use . We test provider's knowledge base of naloxone use in treating OIRD and implement a novel teaching tool to educate on proper usage. The teaching tool educates on gaps such as accurate administration, side effects, characteristics of opioid antagonism and proper management of an opioid overdose. The effectiveness of this teaching tool is assessed. Materials and methods (NA for case report) IRB approval was obtained. Participants include medical students, nurses, anesthesiology residents and anesthesiologists. A pre-survey was given to assess baseline knowledge. The novel teaching tool was then implemented to properly educate on naloxone and OIRD. The teaching tool specifically targets education about half-life, clinical management, standard concentration, dosing, side effects and its use in chronic opioid users. After completing the teaching tool a post survey assessed for knowledge improvement. Those who receiving a score >70% were defined as reaching the passing threshold. The pre and post educational scores were used to assess the validity of the educational material. Results/Case report 16 medical students, 11 anesthesiology residents, 5 PACU nurses and 4 attending anesthesiology were assessed. 100% of respondents found the materials helpful in understanding the proper treatment for OIRD. The mean score for the entire sample was 4.5/9 on the pretest and 7.8/9 on the post-test. (Table 1) On the pre-test 17% reached passing threshold for the sample as compared to 86% on the post-test. (Table 1) There was a significant difference in the samples pre-test and post-test score. (Figure 1) There were no significant differences within the individual groups scores from pre-test to post-test. (Figure 2) Discussion Opioid related respiratory depression remains a source of morbidity and mortality in the hospital setting. Proper treatment for OIRD is a necessity for safe inpatient opioid usage. Our novel teaching tool significantly improved knowledge from 4.5 to 7.8 questions correctly answered post intervention. There were no differences in scoring within individual groups likely due to a limitation of the small sample size. Achieving a threshold “pass” rate increased significantly from 17% on the pre-test to 86% on the post-test demonstrating that this simple educational tool is an effective method of teaching naloxone safety. 100% of the sample could identify the correct half-life of naloxone as 30-80 minutes on the post intervention as compared to 29% pre intervention. Post intervention 97% could identify proper naloxone dosing as compared to 43% on the pre-survey. All respondents rated the module as an effective teaching tool for treating OIRD. This teaching module is now included in a hospital-wide opioid safety initiative. (Table presented). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) naloxone opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate antagonist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American hospital pain regional anesthesia safety society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anesthesiology anesthesist case report death education half life time hospital patient human intoxication knowledge base lung edema medical student morbidity mortality nurse pulmonary hypertension respiration depression sample size side effect tachycardia teaching validity withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 3 TITLE Simulation-based assessments in health professional education: A systematic review AUTHOR NAMES Grundberg Å. Hansson A. Religa D. Hillerås P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Grundberg Å., ake.grundberg@shh.se; Religa D.; Hillerås P.) Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. (Grundberg Å., ake.grundberg@shh.se; Hansson A.; Hillerås P.) Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Å. Grundberg, Sophiahemmet University, PO Box 5605, Lindstedtsvägen 8, Stockholm, Sweden. Email: ake.grundberg@shh.se SOURCE Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare (2016) 9 (83-95). Date of Publication: 23 Feb 2016 ISSN 1178-2390 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Dove Medical Press Ltd., PO Box 300-008, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Introduction: Elderly people with multiple chronic conditions, or multimorbidity, are at risk of developing poor mental health. These seniors often remain in their homes with support from home care assistants (HCAs). Mental health promotion by HCAs needs to be studied further because they may be among the first to observe changes in clients’ mental health status. Aim: To describe HCAs’ perspectives on detecting mental health problems and promoting mental health among homebound seniors with multimorbidity. Methods: We applied a descriptive qualitative study design using semi-structured interviews. Content analyses were performed on five focus group interviews conducted in 2014 with 26 HCAs. Results: Most HCAs stated that they were experienced in caring for clients with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and high alcohol consumption. The HCAs mentioned as causes, or risk factors, multiple chronic conditions, feelings of loneliness, and social isolation. The findings reveal that continuity of care and seniors’ own thoughts and perceptions were essential to detecting mental health problems. Observation, collaboration, and social support emerged as important means of detecting mental health problems and promoting mental health. Conclusion: The HCAs had knowledge of risk factors, but they seemed insecure about which health professionals had the primary responsibility for mental health. They also seemed to have detected early signs of mental health problems, even though good personal knowledge of the client and continuity in home visits were crucial to do so. When it came to mental health promotion, the suggestions related to the aim of ending social isolation, decreasing feelings of loneliness, and increasing physical activity. The results indicate that the HCAs seemed dependent on supervision by district nurses and on care managers’ decisions to support the needed care, to schedule assignments related to the detection of mental health problems, and to promote mental health. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education health practitioner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcohol consumption anxiety content analysis home care human human experiment loneliness mental disease mental health nurse patient care perception physical activity professional practice qualitative research responsibility risk factor semi structured interview sleep disorder social isolation social support systematic review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160184525 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S99388 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 4 TITLE The weight of pain: What does a 10 on the pain scale mean? An innovative use of art in medical education to enhance pain management AUTHOR NAMES Marr B. Baruch J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marr B.) Johns Hopkins Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellowship Program, Baltimore, United States. (Baruch J.) Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Marr, Johns Hopkins Hospice and Palliative Medicine Fellowship Program, Baltimore, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (2016) 51:2 (381-382). Date of Publication: February 2016 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Assembly of the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine and the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association 2016 CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2016-03-09 to 2016-03-12 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Objectives • It is our hypothesis that clinician training in metacognition builds awareness for the roles of observation and communication in the formation of perception and can ultimately influence decision- making in pain management. Background. Clinicians practice pain management in an environment where the goal of treating pain is made challenging by opioid addiction and abuse. Treating pain is complex and based on the clinician's perception of the patient's pain. Metacognition is the awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes. Often this is lacking in pain management and unconscious biases guide decision-making. Art offers a unique platform for engaging these processes and can aid in the development of metacognitive skills. Methods. Two sessions were held at a museum in collaboration with museum educators. Attending physicians, residents, and mid-level providers from the Emergency Medicine department were invited to the first session with 14 participants total, and the second session was expanded to include the Palliative Care and Internal Medicine departments with 17 participants total. In the first session participants viewed one of two pieces of artwork and discussed how their observations changed as information was revealed about the artist. At the second session, based on feedback, participants viewed two pieces of artwork. At the first work of art, they developed a question. They subsequently were asked to answer this question based on their observations about the second piece. These discussion points opened up the opportunity for participants to discuss how they dealt with uncertainty when they had to answer a question with limited information. A discussion with all participants present took place at both sessions to relate their experiences with the art to pain management. Optional surveys were distributed at both sessions. The first called for narrative responses and the second offered “yes/no” selections with the option for narrative. Results. Tables containing data available. Results for Session One: Participant Responses to Narrative- Based Questions. When asked, “Has the session helped you think differently about communication?” 92% provided positive responses. When asked, “Will you make changes based on this session?” 77% responded positively. When asked, “Do you see a link between what you learned about observation and the evaluation of pain?” 85% responded positively. When asked, “Would you be interested in future sessions?” 100% responded positively. Results of Survey for Session Two: Participant response based on selection choices of “Yes” or “No.” When asked, “Has this session helped you think differently about communication?” 81% responded “Yes.” When asked, “Has this session helped you think differently about making observations?” 100% responded “Yes.” When asked, “Do you feel observation and communication play a role in pain management?” 100% responded “Yes.” When asked, “Do you think this event will lead to a change in your clinical practice?” 62% responded “Yes.” When asked, “Would you recommend this session to a colleague?” 100% responded “Yes.” Discussion. Pain is multidimensional and highly individualized both for the person experiencing it and the care provider striving to treat it. Metacognition is an important element of pain management and often difficult to tease out through traditional medical education. Provider responses indicated that our sessions using artwork as a means of opening up discussion about how we communicate and make observations enabled them to start thinking differently about these elements of our practice and could see a definite link with pain management. Furthermore, the majority indicated that it likely will change their practice in some capacity. All participants at both sessions responded they would be interested in future sessions or would refer a colleague. These important elements demonstrate that a relatively low-budget educational intervention utilizing the humanities has the capacity to potentially generate change in an extremely important aspect of our practice: pain management. Conclusion. Art has the capacity to aid clinicians in examining their perceptions and communication; elements of daily practice that they agree impacts delivery of analgesia. Providers report that training in metacognition has the capacity to change practice behaviors as they pertain to pain management. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American analgesia hospice human medical education nurse pain pain assessment palliative therapy weight EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse addiction budget clinical practice decision making ego development emergency medicine environment feedback system humanities hypothesis information center internal medicine interpersonal communication narrative patient physician skill LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 5 TITLE A joint, multilateral approach to improve compliance with hand hygiene in 4 countries within the Baltic region using the World Health Organization's SAVE LIVES: Clean Your Hands model AUTHOR NAMES Lytsy B. Melbarde-Kelmere A. Hambraeus A. Liubimova A. Aspevall O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lytsy B., birgitta.lytsy@akademiska.se; Hambraeus A.) Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Bacteriology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (Melbarde-Kelmere A.) Eastern University Hospital, Riga, Latvia (Liubimova A.) Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Disinfectology, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russia (Aspevall O.) Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Lytsy, Department of Clinical Microbiology and infection Control, Uppsala University Hospital, Dag Hammarskolds vag 17, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden Email: birgitta.lytsy@akademiska.se SOURCE American Journal of Infection Control (2016). Date of Publication: 2016 ISSN 1527-3296 (electronic) 0196-6553 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., customerservice@mosby.com ABSTRACT Background: The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to explore the usefulness of a modified World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygiene program to increase compliance with hand hygiene among health care workers (HCWs) in Latvia, Lithuania, Saint Petersburg (Russia), and Sweden and to provide a basis for continuing promotion of hand hygiene in these countries. The study was carried out in 2012. Thirteen hospitals participated, including 38 wards. Methods: Outcome data were handrub consumption, compliance with hand hygiene measured with a modified WHO method, and assessment of knowledge among HCWs. Interventions were education of the nursing staff, posters and reminders in strategic places in the wards, and feedback of the results to nursing staff in ward meetings. Results: Feedback of results was an effective tool for education at the ward level. The most useful outcome measurement was handrub consumption, which increased by at least 50% in 30% of the wards. In spite of this, handrub consumption remained at a low level in many of the wards. Conclusions: There are several reasons for this, and the most important were self-reported nursing staff shortage and fear of adverse effects from using alcoholic handrub and verified skin irritation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hygiene joint world health organization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism clinical trial controlled clinical trial education fear human Latvia Lithuania multicenter study nursing staff outcome assessment Russian Federation side effect skin irritation Sweden LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160312566 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 6 TITLE The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of STeroids Or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis (STOPAH): A 2 × 2 factorial randomised controlled trial AUTHOR NAMES Thursz M. Forrest E. Roderick P. Day C. Austin A. O’Grady J. Ryder S. Allison M. Gleeson D. McCune A. Patch D. Wright M. Masson S. Richardson P. Vale L. Mellor J. Stanton L. Bowers M. Ratcliffe I. Downs N. Kirkman S. Homer T. Ternent L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thursz M., m.thursz@imperial.ac.uk) Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. (Forrest E.) Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom. (Roderick P.) Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. (Day C.; Masson S.) Institute of Cellular Medicine, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. (Austin A.) Department of Gastroenterology, Derby Royal Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom. (O’Grady J.) Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. (Ryder S.) Department of Hepatology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom. (Allison M.) Department of Hepatology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. (Gleeson D.) Department of Hepatology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom. (McCune A.) Department of Hepatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom. (Patch D.) Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom. (Wright M.) Department of Hepatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom. (Richardson P.) Department of Hepatology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. (Vale L.; Kirkman S.; Homer T.; Ternent L.) Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. (Mellor J.; Stanton L.; Bowers M.; Ratcliffe I.; Downs N.) Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Thursz, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. Email: m.thursz@imperial.ac.uk SOURCE Health Technology Assessment (2015) 19:102. Date of Publication: 1 Dec 2015 ISSN 2046-4924 (electronic) 1366-5278 BOOK PUBLISHER NIHR Journals Library ABSTRACT Background Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a distinct presentation of alcoholic liver disease arising in patients who have been drinking to excess for prolonged periods, which is characterised by jaundice and liver failure. Severe disease is associated with high short-term mortality. Prednisolone and pentoxifylline (PTX) are recommended in guidelines for treatment of severe AH, but trials supporting their use have given heterogeneous results and controversy persists about their benefit. Objectives The aim of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of STeroids Or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis trial was to resolve the clinical dilemma on the use of prednisolone or PTX. Design The trial was a randomised, double-blind, 2 ×  2 factorial, multicentre design. Setting Sixty-five gastroenterology and hepatology inpatient units across the UK. Participants Patients with a clinical diagnosis of AH who had a Maddrey’s discriminant function value of ≥ 32 were randomised into four arms: A, placebo/placebo; B, placebo/prednisolone; C, PTX/placebo; and D, PTX/prednisolone. Of the 5234 patients screened for the trial, 1103 were randomised and after withdrawals, 1053 were available for primary end-point analysis. Interventions Those allocated to prednisolone were given 40 mg daily for 28 days and those allocated to PTX were given 400 mg three times per day for 28 days. Outcomes The primary outcome measure was mortality at 28 days. Secondary outcome measures included mortality or liver transplant at 90 days and at 1 year. Rates of recidivism among survivors and the impact of recidivism on mortality were assessed. Results At 28 days, in arm A, 45 of 269 (16.7%) patients died; in arm B, 38 of 266 (14.3%) died; in arm C, 50 of 258 (19.4%) died; and in arm D, 35 of 260 (13.5%) died. For PTX, the odds ratio for 28-day mortality was 1.07 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77 to 1.40; p =  0.686)] and for prednisolone the odds ratio was 0.72 (95% CI 0.52 to 1.01; p  = 0.056). In the logistic regression analysis, accounting for indices of disease severity and prognosis, the odds ratio for 28-day mortality in the prednisolone-treated group was 0.61 (95% CI 0.41 to 0.91; p = 0.015). At 90 days and 1 year there were no significant differences in mortality rates between the treatment groups. Serious infections occurred in 13% of patients treated with prednisolone compared with 7% of controls (p = 0.002). At the 90-day follow-up, 45% of patients reported being completely abstinent, 9% reported drinking within safety limits and 33% had an unknown level of alcohol consumption. At 1 year, 37% of patients reported being completely abstinent, 10% reported drinking within safety limits and 39% had an unknown level of alcohol consumption. Only 22% of patients had attended alcohol rehabilitation treatment at 90 days and 1 year. Conclusions We conclude that prednisolone reduces the risk of mortality at 28 days, but this benefit is not sustained beyond 28 days. PTX had no impact on survival. Future research should focus on interventions to promote abstinence and on treatments that suppress the hepatic inflammation without increasing susceptibility to infection. Trial registration This trial is registered as EudraCT 2009-013897-42 and Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN88782125. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 19, No. 102. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. The NIHR Clinical Research Network provided research nurse support and the Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre also provided funding. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pentoxifylline (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) prednisolone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS placebo EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol liver disease (drug therapy, disease management, drug therapy) clinical effectiveness cost effectiveness analysis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence acute kidney failure (side effect) adult alcohol consumption alcohol rehabilitation program article controlled study disease severity double blind procedure drinking behavior factorial design female follow up hospital patient human infection (side effect) liver graft major clinical study male mortality multicenter study prognosis randomized controlled trial survivor United Kingdom CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS pentoxifylline (6493-05-6) prednisolone (50-24-8) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Gastroenterology (48) CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS ISRCTN (ISRCTN88782125) EudraCT (2009-013897-42) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160073809 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta191020 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 7 TITLE Companion robots in the healthcare sector AUTHOR NAMES Klein B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Klein B.) Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences (FRA-UAS), Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Klein, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences (FRA-UAS), Frankfurt am Main, Hesse, Germany. SOURCE International Psychogeriatrics (2015) 27 SUPPL. 1 (S176-S177). Date of Publication: December 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 17th IPA International Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-13 to 2015-10-16 ISSN 1041-6102 BOOK PUBLISHER Cambridge University Press ABSTRACT Objective: Psycho-social care has an increasing importance in the care of elderly persons which has been underpinned by several legal changes in Germany. These changes contributed to an increase of the workforce in nursing care homes by 212% between 1999 and 2013 compared to an increase of 33% of residents in the same period (Statistisches Bundesamt 2001; 2015). Since 2005 the first companion robot, the plush seal PARO, is on the market and tested in several pilots and projects. Other companion robots followed e.g. the toy dinosaur robot PLEO. Besides these commercially available products, a range of new robots has been developed and can be utilized for research purposes. One of these robots is TELENOID which is embodied as a small humanoid resembling a foetus. New technology-based concepts emerged such as robot-based activity and therapy (Libin & Libin 2004; Klein 2012). In teaching research projects of Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences the effects of the emotional robots PARO and PLEO were explored in nursing care homes. Whereas PARO and PLEO are robots which work autonomously and react and act on touch and voice, the social robot TELENOID is a kind of telepresence robot which is operated by a remote person who can be situated anywhere in the world as long as internet access is provided. The operator can transmit voice and mimics onto the TELENOID. Objective of small qualitative studies at FRA-UAS was to explore and get an insight in possible effects on people cared for in nursing homes. Questions pursued were on acceptance and impact and how these new technologies can be utilized in order to contribute to well-being and quality of life. Methods: A mixed methods approach seemed to be most suitable for research with very new technologies and vulnerable clients. From 2009- 2011 students observed interactions with PARO resp. PLEO in teaching research projects and used video graphing, socio grams and questionnaires. In 2015 a prototype of the robot TELENOID was explored with four residents in a nursing care home as a kind of replication study undertaken in Japan (Yamazaki et al. 2012). In this qualitative study the interactions between residents, TELENOID and staff were observed and recorded by video and sound. Following the interventions, a structured discussion was undertaken with social care staff involved. Results: Although these three robots have very different embodiments, they all seem to contribute to social interaction and communication. The emotional robots PARO and PLEO contributed also to reactions such as smiling, touching, stroking, cuddling and hugging the robot (Klein, Gaedt, Cook 2013). TELENOID has a very different technological and organisational concept. TELENOID can be held in the arms and hugged. The embodiment allows interpreting age, gender, feelings etc. according to the user's imagination. In the study social care staff was talking via laptop through the TELENOID to the resident. Verbal communication is a centrepiece in the application. Residents could hold or hug TELENOID if they wished. In general the utilization of robots requires staff training in order to exploit the psychosocial potential. From a technological point of view PARO is the easiest to handle robot. PARO needs to be switched on and off, receive regular charging and cleaning of its fur. PLEO starts as a newborn dinosaur and needs to be cared for by entertaining and feeding, charging and cleaning. PLEO can develop its functionalities and start to walk and react in different ways. The prototype TELENOID utilized in the explorative study was more complex to use. Setting up an internet or wireless connection for the laptop and TELENOID was handled by a technician. Although the software programme was easy to use, social care staff had to cope with the operation of the laptop and talking to the resident through a different embodiment. Staff training is a key issue for PARO use. This is also emphasized through the distribution concept of PARO in Europe: PARO is only distributed with a staff/multiplier training in order to utilize the potentials of the robot. The study with TELENOID showed even more clearly that staff training will be a major issue if TELENOID is used in activity or therapeutic settings. Conclusion: More research is needed in order to explore the effects of different embodiments of emotional and social robots as well as the impact on the suitability of robots for psychosocial interventions. Addiction research and practise show that virtual counselling and supervision through emails and apps can contribute to an improvement of compliance in aftercare (Bauer 2015). Telepresence companion robots could enable new forms of (mediated) communication - not only for staff, but also relatives and friends. More research is needed especially on the psycho-social potentials of telepresence social care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care cost robotics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction aftercare aged arm computer program counseling dinosaur Europe facial expression feeding fetus friend Fur (people) gender Germany human imagination Internet interpersonal communication Japan market newborn nursing care nursing home qualitative research quality of life questionnaire replication study social care social interaction staff training student teaching technology therapy university verbal communication videorecording voice wellbeing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1041610215002173 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 8 TITLE Perceptions among healthcare professionals of prescription drug misuse AUTHOR NAMES Porath-Waller A. Gereghty S. Robeson P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Porath-Waller A.; Gereghty S.; Robeson P.) Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, Ottawa, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Porath-Waller, Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, Ottawa, Canada. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 156 (e180). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, CPDD 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-13 to 2015-06-18 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Prescription drug misuse (PDM) is a leading public health and safety concern in North America. Healthcare professionals play a critical role in addressing this issue; however, few studies have examined their part in identifying, preventing or inadvertently enabling PDM among patients. A clearer understanding of healthcare professionals' perceptions of PDM can help to inform the development of educational and prevention initiatives and to improve the capacity to address this public health and safety crisis. Methods: This study investigated perceptions among 1063 Canadian healthcare professionals, including physicians, registered nurses and nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and dentists through an anonymous online survey. Results: Findings revealed that the misuse of prescription opioids and sedatives/tranquilizers was suspected to be more frequent among patients with chronic pain, a substance abuse history or a mental health diagnosis. Healthcare professionals did not feel overly effective in preventing or addressing PDM in patients; they cited a lack of training and lack of access to chronic pain or addiction specialists as barriers to identifying PDM. Communication issues were reported between pharmacists and physicians. Conclusions: This study raises the concern that Canadian healthcare professionals do not believe they are optimally effective in preventing and addressing PDM and most do not feel supported to do so. Professional colleges and associations are well placed to provide or promote continuing education that addresses the identification of PDM and the potential for screening, brief intervention and referral, as well as guidelines, policies and regulations for risk-management and prescribing practices. Additionally, to enhance the safety of prescribing and dispensing practices and overall patient outcomes, improvements in interdisciplinary communication are needed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence drug misuse health care personnel human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction Canadian chronic pain continuing education dentist diagnosis interdisciplinary communication interpersonal communication medical specialist mental health North America nurse practitioner patient pharmacist physician policy prescription prevention public health registered nurse risk management safety screening substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.488 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 9 TITLE Comparing attitudes toward addressing patient drug use among health professionals in training AUTHOR NAMES Johnson J.A. Kelly U. Tindol A. Macmillan D. Payne F. Chalmers S. Shellenberger S. Le K. Seale P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelly U.) Emory University, Atlanta, United States. (Macmillan D.) Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, United States. (Tindol A.; Payne F.; Shellenberger S.; Seale P.) Mercer University, Macon, United States. (Chalmers S.) University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, United States. (Le K.) Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, United States. (Johnson J.A.) Georgia Regents University, Augusta, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Johnson, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 156 (e104). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, CPDD 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-13 to 2015-06-18 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration recently funded grants to train health professionals to conduct alcohol and drug use screening and brief intervention (SBI). Prior to training advanced practice nursing students (APRNs) in SBI, baseline survey data were collected and results compared to identical measures from first year medical residents. Methods: APRNs (N= 291) and first year medical residents (N= 182) at 6 nursing schools and 6 residency programs completed a survey measuring attitudes and beliefs about addressing alcohol and/or drug misuse and current SBI practices. Results: Respondents ranked the level of importance and their level of confidence in performing 9 components of drug SBI. APRNs rated 8 of 9 importance items significantly higher than residents. Only 1 confidence item differed: residents reported higher confidence than APRNs in advising at-risk patients to stop or reduce drug use. Respondents also ranked the level of importance placed on reasons for and barriers to addressing drug use in patients. APRNs scored significantly higher on all 8 items related to positive outcomes associated with drug SBI (e.g. improving family relationships, reducing healthcare costs). APRNs also scored higher on 4 of 9 items measuring barriers to performing SBI (e.g., inadequate training, uneasiness discussing drug use). Residents scored higher on only 1 barrier item related to preferring to diagnose and treat primary health issues rather than give preventive advice such as drug SBI. Conclusions: Compared to residents, APRNs placed more importance on addressing patient's drug use and potential positive outcomes associated with SBI. While SBI training efforts may be more readily accepted among APRNs, perceived barriers could limit SBI implementation. Future studies should assess the ability of training programs to translate positive attitudes into increased SBI behavior. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence drug use health practitioner human patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS advanced practice nursing drug misuse health health care cost health service mental health service nursing education nursing student risk screening substance abuse training LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.288 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 10 TITLE Excellent outcome of the new liver transplantation center AUTHOR NAMES Hong G. Min S.K. Lee H.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hong G.; Min S.K.; Lee H.K.) Ewha Womans Univeristy, School of Medicine, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Hong, Ewha Womans Univeristy, School of Medicine, South Korea. SOURCE Transplant International (2015) 28 SUPPL. 4 (625). Date of Publication: November 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 17th Congress of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, ESOT CONFERENCE LOCATION Brussels, Belgium CONFERENCE DATE 2015-09-13 to 2015-09-16 ISSN 0934-0874 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT New liver transplantation center has difficulty in showing good outcome because of the shortage of manpower with experience and proper equipment. And therefore, most of the transplantation centers perform less than five cases, although forty-four centers have performed liver transplantation (LT) in Korea. We present our initial experiences and outcome of the LT. We have prepared LT for more than 5 years. An experienced surgeon of liver transplantation who had been trained in the experienced center specialized in the live donor LT in Korea as well as deceased donor LT was employed. Experienced surgeon was the control tower in the setting of patients evaluation, operation procedure, and postoperative care. Multidisciplinary team was formally established. Doctors and nurses were educated over 10 h. Some of them were sent to the experienced center to observe the procedure. We have performed 15 consecutive LTs (6 live donor LTs, 9 deceased donor LTs) from April 2013 to July 2014; One cryptogenic liver cirrhosis (LC), two alcoholic LC, seven hepatitis B related LC, four hepatitis C related LC patients, five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and one biliary atresia 26 years after Kasai operation. The median MELD score was 14 (8-35), Child-Turcotte-Pugh score was 10 (6-14). Operative time was 540 min (380-605) and estimated blood loss was 5500 ml (1380-16600). Warm and cold ischemic time was 50 min (35-109) and 290 min (60-67), respectively. There was no re-operation and operative mortality. Until now, there has been no mortality caused by severe complication. Without enough experiences, equipment and skilled surgeon and nurses, to reach better outcome is difficult in LT. Newly starting centers, therefore, need strict and well-prepared strategy and proper training program and thorough preparation as well as manpower for optimal result. Well-trained surgeon is prerequisite for preparation and performing LT as a control tower. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) European liver transplantation organ transplantation society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism bile duct atresia bleeding Child Pugh score cold ischemia donor hepatitis B hepatitis C human Korea liver cell carcinoma liver cirrhosis manpower mortality nurse operation duration patient physician portoenterostomy postoperative care procedures surgeon surgical mortality training transplantation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tri.12702 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 11 TITLE Evaluating the impact of a medication therapy management clinic for outpatients within an academic medical center heart hospital AUTHOR NAMES Schultz A. Vinh D. Jordan T. Bush C. Snider M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schultz A.; Snider M.) Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, United States. (Vinh D.; Jordan T.) Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, United States. (Bush C.) Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Schultz, Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e212). Date of Publication: November 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical interventions and operational outcomes of a pharmacist-managed medication therapy management (MTM) clinic within an academic medical center heart hospital. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients within a pharmacist-managed MTM clinic between November 18, 2013 and April 18, 2014. Appointments were assessed for clinical interventions and operational outcomes that included identified drug therapy problems, barriers to adherence, number and type of recommendations made to a physician, number and type of referrals placed, duration of appointments; when applicable, time to first scheduled appointment from discharge, and time to subsequent hospital admission following MTM clinic appointment. RESULTS: The service was utilized by a variety of clinicians, including both inpatient and outpatient physicians, nurses, and pharmacists. Primary reason for referral was post-heart failure exacerbation discharge. Visits were either telephonic (n = 9) or face-to-face (n = 21). Of the 30 patients managed in the pharmacist- managed MTM clinic, none were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Following MTM interventions, compliance with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Core Measures increased to 100%, and improved adherence to national practice guidelines was seen. There were an average of 2.3 identified drug related problems per patient, resulting in 1.6 clinical interventions identified and 1.3 accepted interventions per patient. Of the 49 recommendations, 96% were accepted. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that for patients in a pharmacist-managed MTM service within an academic medical center heart hospital, improved adherence to clinical practice guidelines and CMS Core Measure compliance were seen and that these patients were not readmitted within 30 days. The clinical interventions had a high acceptance rate, supporting promising clinical benefits in achieving therapeutic goals, and furthering a patient's medication and disease state understanding. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American clinical pharmacy college heart hospital human medication therapy management outpatient university hospital EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug therapy heart failure hospital admission hospital patient medicaid medical record review medicare nurse patient pharmacist physician practice guideline LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 12 TITLE Provision of pharmacy interventions to promote medication safety in a selected medical center in the Philippines-great catch program AUTHOR NAMES Docuyanan H.F. Robles M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Docuyanan H.F.) Philippine Society of Hospital Pharmacists (PSHP), Makati City, Philippines. (Robles M.J.) Department of Pharmacy Services, Clinical Pharmacy Section, Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Philippines. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.F. Docuyanan, Philippine Society of Hospital Pharmacists (PSHP), Makati City, Philippines. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e251). Date of Publication: November 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To provide pharmacy interventions in order to prevent medication errors, and promote medication safety. METHODS: Prospective, date gathering of interventions provided There are several stages in the medication management system when pharmacy interventions are provided by either the inpatient pharmacist or the clinical pharmacist. The stages are: prescribing, transcribing, drug appropriateness review, medication order review and drug therapy monitoring (clinical pharmacy rounds) and administration validation through Medication Administration Record review. Every time the pharmacist identifies a drug-related problem, he/she provides interventions - will refer to the prescribing physician or the nurse and recommend resolutions so that errors are intercepted or corrected. Documentation is done for every intervention. Data is reported to the Medication Safety Subcommittee and Therapeutics Committee for system improvement initiatives. Pharmacists with the most number of interventions are recognized and appreciated every month and a special award is given at the end of the year. RESULTS: Pharmacy interventions are greatly useful during the prescribing stage and transcribing stage. These are where most of the errors are intercepted and corrected. Pharmacy interventions are usually provided during the drug appropriateness review and clinical pharmacy rounds. Doctors and nurses are the most common persons contacted in order to resolve the identified problem. The most common resolutions are to initiate new drug order, corrected the error or clarify the order. Average acceptance rate to the intervention is 98.7%. The average time to resolve the intervention is 11 minutes. CONCLUSION: Provision of pharmacy interventions intercepts and prevents medication errors. It also promotes patient safety by identifying potential harm caused by drug interactions or drug reactions, and recommending solutions accordingly. The great catch program through provision of pharmacy interventions is one of the effective tools in developing a culture of safety. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS new drug nonoxinol 9 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American clinical pharmacy college drug therapy pharmacy Philippines safety EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS awards and prizes documentation drug interaction hospital patient human medical record review medication error medication therapy management monitoring nurse patient safety pharmacist physician therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 13 TITLE Barriers to pediatric pain management in children undergoing surgery: A survey of health care providers AUTHOR NAMES Bawa M. Mahajan J.K. Aggerwal N. Sundaram J. Rao K.L.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bawa M., monikabawa@hotmail.com; Mahajan J.K.; Aggerwal N.; Sundaram J.; Rao K.L.N.) Department of Paediatric Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Advanced Paediatric Centre, Chandigarh, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Bawa, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Advanced Paediatric Centre, Chandigarh, India. Email: monikabawa@hotmail.com SOURCE Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy (2015) 29:4 (353-358). Date of Publication: 2 Oct 2015 ISSN 1536-0539 (electronic) 1536-0288 BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Ltd, healthcare.enquiries@informa.com ABSTRACT The appropriate pain management in neonates and children is lacking. Factors that prevent the execution of proper pain relief vary from center to center. We studied the factors responsible for it in a surgical unit. We conducted a survey at a tertiary-level institute among the resident doctors and nursing staff by means of an informal questionnaire analyzing their basic knowledge. The questions pertained mainly to pain assessment, analgesic usage, role of opioids, and formal training, and the responses so obtained were analyzed under these four headings. Seventy-three percent (22/30) of the residents and 74% (26/35) of the nursing staff knew about pain assessment scoring system in pediatric patients. However, assessment of pain in emergency cases was always done by only 6.6% of the residents. Effect of analgesia on severity of pain was never recorded by 33% (10/30) of the residents. Eighty-six percent (26/30) of the residents and 91% (32/35) of the nursing staff had adequate knowledge about analgesic dosage and interval for routine use. Ten of the 30 (33%) residents believed that analgesic administration in an acute abdomen, before definitive diagnosis, will always mask the symptoms. During a minor procedure, 56% (17/30) of the residents always used analgesia. Only 3.3% (1/30) of residents and 2.8% (1/35) of the nursing staff had received a structured training for pain management. Although, 93% (28/30) of the residents claimed to know about the safety of use of opioids, only 46% (14/30) used them routinely as analgesics. Pain management in surgical neonates and children is often ignored. Lack of formal training, inadequate knowledge, and standard protocols are the barriers in our setup, which may in turn be due to overwhelming attention given to the surgical condition. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia health care survey pediatric surgery pediatrics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abscess drainage acute abdomen (drug therapy, prevention) article child clinical decision making clinical practice drug effect drug safety drug use emergency care human major clinical study medical documentation newborn nurse attitude opiate addiction pain assessment pain severity perioperative period phlebotomy physician attitude postoperative analgesia postoperative period preoperative period professional knowledge residency education staff training treatment duration treatment outcome treatment response CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Gastroenterology (48) Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160007384 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15360288.2015.1082010 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 14 TITLE Social work screening identifies unmet psychosocial needs amongst sickle cell patients in the emergency department: A qualitative study AUTHOR NAMES Freiermuth C. Johnston J. Rutherford C. Tanabe P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Freiermuth C.; Johnston J.; Rutherford C.; Tanabe P.) Duke University, Durham, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Freiermuth, Duke University, Durham, United States. SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2015) 66:4 SUPPL. 1 (S151). Date of Publication: October 2015 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2015 Research Forum CONFERENCE LOCATION Boston, MA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-26 to 2015-10-27 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objective: Prior research has shown that psychological and social factors contribute to pain complaints in the sickle cell population. Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) frequently seek treatment in the emergency department (ED) for pain crises. The objective of this study was to identify unmet psychosocial needs amongst patients with SCD who seek care in the ED. Methods: A psychosocial screening tool was implemented as part of a larger study designed to improve the quality of EDcare for patients with SCD. The tool was developed based on prior research, with input from physicians, nurses, social workers and patients on a quality improvement (QI) team. Questions were designed to identify concomitant psychiatric conditions, substance abuse, unstable living situations, insurance coverage gaps, and social support. The screening tool was implemented in an urban ED with 16 hours of social work coverage during the week and 24 hours of coverage on the weekends. An automatic page was sent to the social worker upon registration of an adult patient with sickle cell disease. Social workers completed a face-to-face interview with patients willing to participate. Completed screens were faxed to the SCD program social worker to follow-up on addressing the patients' needs. De-identified screens were then faxed to the QI team. Direct quotes from interviews were entered into a Word document and arranged into common themes. Themes were agreed upon amongst the QI team. Results: A total of 147 interviews were conducted over the course of 16 months. Qualitative review and thematic organization revealed a variety of problems that may contribute to increased visits to the ED. Common themes that emerged were: lack of transportation to clinic appointments, difficulty scheduling clinic appointments, insufficient funds to obtain prescriptions, problems with insurance, depression, anxiety, and frustration with the care they received. Narratives revealed feelings of helplessness, with statements such as “I feel overwhelmed by my illness” and “I want to go out, but then get sick and stuck.” Patients also expressed desire to avoid the ED, explaining that “People judge you like a drug seeker” and “Doctors do not understand the severity of pain.” Social workers reported that they learned a significant amount about sickle cell disease and resultant complications as a result of this screening process and patients reported that they appreciated that someone cared enough to ask these questions. The SCD social worker was able to follow up with individual patients to provide further resources. Conclusion: Sickle cell patients in the ED have unmet psychological and social needs. These were identified with a short screening tool designed to be administered by social workers, case managers, nurses or physicians. Implementation of this screen can lead to referrals that address these unmet needs and potentially lead to decreased use of the ED. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American college emergency physician emergency ward human patient qualitative research screening sickle cell social work EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult anxiety case manager cell population diseases follow up frustration helplessness hospital insurance interview narrative nurse pain physician prescription registration sickle cell anemia social aspect social needs social support social worker substance abuse total quality management traffic and transport LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 15 TITLE The impact of huddle implementation on healthcare delivery metrics in a pulmonary teaching clinic AUTHOR NAMES Heavner J.J. Possick J.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heavner J.J.; Possick J.D.) Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.J. Heavner, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015) 191 MeetingAbstracts. Date of Publication: 2015 CONFERENCE NAME American Thoracic Society International Conference, ATS 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Denver, CO, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-05-15 to 2015-05-20 ISSN 1073-449X BOOK PUBLISHER American Thoracic Society ABSTRACT RATIONALE In 2013, Yale-New Haven Hospital's implementation of a new electronic health record changed the workflow for many aspects of the pulmonary fellows' teaching clinic. Evaluation of healthcare delivery metrics revealed incompleteness of several key elements. The team huddle is a key component of healthcare improvement processes. We hypothesized that implementation of a pre-clinic huddle would be associated with improvement in a composite metric score. METHODS In July 2014, pre-clinic huddles were implemented in the Yale-New Haven Hospital pulmonary teaching clinic. The huddle has a structured 5 minute agenda and involves fellows, attendings, nurses, medical assistants, and administrative staff. It is led by the rotating head nurse of the day. The agenda includes staffing review, schedule review, acknowledgement of potential obstacles, clinic updates, discussion of improvement processes, and open discussion of general ideas and comments. A huddle board, which is the central focus of the huddle, displays the staff available for the clinic session, room assignments, patient schedule, performance metrics, idea cards, clinic reminders, and the huddle agenda. Our primary outcome was the difference in a composite metric score in week 1 and week 16, which includes documentation of smoking history, tobacco cessation counseling including counseling time for active smokers, charge capture for tobacco cessation counseling, fellow added as a pulmonary consultant to the patient's care team, and immunization documentation. RESULTS The components of the composite metric were available for 59/59 (100%) patient encounters during week 1 and week 16. Composite metric goals were met more frequently 16 weeks after huddle implementation [149/163 (91.8%) week 16, 68/119 (57.1%) week 1; (P=0.0001)]. By week 16, there were significant improvements in provider addition to electronic care teams, immunization documentation, addition of tobacco dependence to the visit diagnosis list, and charge capture for tobacco cessation counseling (see Table 1). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a pre-clinic huddle in our pulmonary teaching clinic was associated with significant improvements in healthcare delivery metrics. The chosen metrics were focused around ensuring adequate documentation. Further study is needed to determine if multidisciplinary huddle implementation is associated with improved patient outcomes and staff satisfaction in this setting. (Figure Presented). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American health care delivery hospital society teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS consultation counseling diagnosis documentation electronic medical record head nurse health care human immunization medical assistant nurse patient patient care satisfaction smoking tobacco tobacco dependence workflow LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 16 TITLE Understanding what patients need to stay healthy: The perspective of community-and hospital-based caregivers AUTHOR NAMES Rising K.L. Hollander J.E. Carr B.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rising K.L.; Hollander J.E.; Carr B.G.) National Academic Center for Telehealth, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.L. Rising, National Academic Center for Telehealth, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, United States. SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2015) 66:4 SUPPL. 1 (S56). Date of Publication: October 2015 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2015 Research Forum CONFERENCE LOCATION Boston, MA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-26 to 2015-10-27 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objectives: To elicit the perspectives of community- and hospital-based caregivers regarding the types of assistance patients need in their daily lives and how the health system might better serve patients. Methods: This is a qualitative study engaging community- and hospital-based health workers (case managers and social workers) in Philadelphia. We conducted focus groups and one-on-one interviews with use of a discussion guide to elicit details of relationships with clients, perceptions regarding client needs and experiences with the health system, and thoughts about how the health system may better meet clients' needs. Participants were contacted through email and flyers and were scheduled for a focus group or interview depending on preference and scheduling constraints. All sessions were transcribed, and themes were identified using the grounded theory approach. Results: We engaged 39 individuals (3 focus groups and 21 interviews), with 17 community health workers and 22 hospital-based workers. Participants described clients often not getting treatment for several reasons, including lack of initiative to proactively manage health issues, lack of information about the health care system, discomfort with or mistrust of the health care system, and personal economic challenges. They noted that many clients seek care primarily in the ED because they know they will not be turned away. Even clients with insurance often have difficulty affording copays, thus limiting utilization of outpatient services. Clients often delayed care, and preferred the convenience and speed of receiving testing in the ED. Primary factors limiting participants' ability to thoroughly assist clients included problems building trust and understanding patient needs in the minimal time they had engagement, client financial concerns, and significant mental health and substance abuse issues of clients. Provision of services such as one-time copay waivers helped their clients in short-term, but they were rarely able to address root causes of client struggles. Fear was the primary pervasive theme throughout discussion-including fear of receiving a bad diagnosis, intimidation of the health system, and lack of trust of the health system (such as a fear of losing kids to DHS if the realities of home life are revealed to doctors). Thus, the primary suggestion of the participants for health system improvement was that there should be more visibility of health system within communities. They suggested that providers going into communities would help establish trust and let patients know that they are valued. They also suggested that providers should focus more on asking about the life issues that patients face, with a focus on understanding patients as people instead of ailments. Conclusion: This work engaged a previously under-represented population, hospital- and community-based caregivers, to explore perceptions about how patients might be better served by the health system. Though specific roles varied, the participants were unified in describing lack of system engagement at the community level and under-use of patient-centered approaches to identifying patient needs and developing treatment plans. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American caregiver college community emergency physician hospital human patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS case manager diagnosis e-mail fear grounded theory health health auxiliary health care health care personnel health care system information processing insurance interview mental health outpatient care physician population qualitative research social worker substance abuse United States velocity worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 17 TITLE Evaluating the effectiveness of an e-learning module for registered nurses AUTHOR NAMES Wong A.Y.P. Kinson R. Chan J.E.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wong A.Y.P.; Kinson R.; Chan J.E.T.) Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.Y.P. Wong, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. SOURCE Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore (2015) 44:10 SUPPL. 1 (S17). Date of Publication: October 2015 CONFERENCE NAME Singapore Health and Biomedical Congress, SHBC 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Singapore, Singapore CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-02 to 2015-10-03 ISSN 0304-4602 BOOK PUBLISHER Academy of Medicine Singapore ABSTRACT Background & Hypothesis: Registered nurses care for many complex patients in a general hospital including those developing alcohol withdrawals (AW). Delirium tremens, a severe form of AW, if untreated, can lead to mortality. Often, knowledge and assessment skill gaps exist in assessment of alcohol-related problems. Methods: The Department of Psychological Medicine created an e-Learning module to target identified knowledge gaps that encompass theoretical knowledge of alcohol withdrawal (pathophysiology, identification, investigations, management and monitoring of patients), and showcased the skills component by using Clinical Institute of Withdrawal Assessment-Alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar) in the videos with each progression of AW demonstrated. Pre- and post-test scores were obtained in the form of 10 multiple choice questions (MCQ) and assessing severity of AW based on a series of videos using CIWA-Ar charting. Results: A total of 91 registered nurses completed both the pre- and post-test MCQs. There was an improvement of 56% (n = 51) in the pre- and post-MCQs scores. Sixty-five registered nurses completed the pre- and post-test assessments for assessing severity of AW using CIWA-Ar charting. A majority (n = 49, 75%) scored the severity of AW correctly during the pre-test assessment and 56 (86%) for the post-test assessment. Out of 16 nurses who failed the pre-test assessments, 87.5% (n = 14) showed improvement in the post-test. Discussion & Conclusion: The preliminary findings revealed the positive use of the use of e-Learning module which had been effective in bridging the knowledge gaps for registered nurses. This module is also effective in enhancing nurses' assessment skills. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health human learning registered nurse Singapore EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol withdrawal delirium tremens general hospital hypothesis monitoring mortality multiple choice test nurse pathophysiology patient skill videorecording LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 18 TITLE The mutual benefits of preceptorship AUTHOR NAMES Korzon J. Trimmer W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Korzon J.; Trimmer W.) SOURCE Nursing New Zealand (Wellington, N.Z. : 1995) (2015) 21:8 (14-16). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2015 ISSN 1173-2032 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis) female human male mental health service middle aged New Zealand nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 26548062 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26548062) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 19 TITLE 'Class smoke-free' pledge impacts on nicotine dependence in male adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial AUTHOR NAMES Al-Sheyab N. Alomari M. Shah S. Gallagher R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Al-Sheyab N.; Alomari M.) Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. (Shah S.; Gallagher R.) University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Al-Sheyab, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. SOURCE Tropical Medicine and International Health (2015) 20 SUPPL. 1 (255-256). Date of Publication: September 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 9th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health CONFERENCE LOCATION Basel, Switzerland CONFERENCE DATE 2015-09-06 to 2015-09-10 ISSN 1360-2276 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of a school-based, peer-led smoking and asthma education program, known as the Triple A (Adolescent Asthma Action) in Jordan (TAJ), with an additional 'class smoke-free' pledge strategy (TAJ-Plus) as compared to the TAJ alone on smoking-related knowledge and perception, nicotine dependence, and asthma control in male high school students in Jordan 4 months post intervention. METHODS In this cluster-randomized controlled trial, four public male high schools in Irbid, Jordan were randomly assigned to receive the TAJ-Plus (n = 215) or the TAJ (n = 218). TAJ educators were 3rd year male undergraduate nursing students (n = 9) who received training in a 1-day workshop. These educators then trained senior students from the four schools to be Peer Leaders (n = 53), who then taught peers in grades 7 and 8 (n = 433). The Peer Leaders in the TAJ-Plus schools implemented the smoke-free pledge within the 7th and 8th graders, who voluntarily signed the pledge for 4 months. Data were collected from students in grades 7 and 8 using selfadministered questionnaires at baseline and 4 months post intervention. RESULTS Students from the TAJ-Plus group reported significant improvements in smoking-related knowledge and perception (P <0.001) and lower nicotine dependence (P <0.001) as compared to the TAJ group. Improvement in asthma control was greater (P = 0.03) in nonsmokers versus smokers. CONCLUSIONS Voluntary group commitment smoke-free through a pledge is feasible, beneficial, and an incentive to motivate adolescents to abstain from smoking. Using social influences approaches in schools is useful in countering current aggressive tobacco marketing campaigns in Arab youth. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent European human male public health randomized controlled trial smoke tobacco dependence tropical medicine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Arab asthma education program high school high school student Jordan juvenile marketing nursing student questionnaire school smoking student tobacco workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12574 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 20 TITLE Doctors and nurses have more knowledge of and are more confident managing acute toxicity related to the use of classical recreational drugs than novel psychoactive substances AUTHOR NAMES Wood D.M. Ceronie B. Dargan P.I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wood D.M., david.wood@gstt.nhs.uk; Dargan P.I.) Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom. (Ceronie B.) King's College London, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Wood, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom. Email: david.wood@gstt.nhs.uk SOURCE Clinical Toxicology (2015) 53:7 (718). Date of Publication: 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology, NACCT 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-10-08 to 2015-10-12 ISSN 1556-3650 BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Ltd ABSTRACT Background: There is increasing availability of and reports of acute toxicity related to the use of novel psychoactive substance (NPS). Initial management of patients with acute recreational drug/ NPS toxicity is often by non-toxicologist medical and nursing staff. The aim of this study was to assess emergency and internal medicine clinicians' knowledge of and confidence in managing acute toxicity related to classical recreational drugs and NPS. Methods: Nursing and medical staff working in a central London hospital emergency department, and critical care and internal medicine admissions units completed a questionnaire on their knowledge of and confidence in managing acute toxicity related to classical recreational drugs and NPS. Participants self-assessed using scale of 1 to 5 for each variable: Knowledge: 1 = little knowledge to 5 = very knowledgeable; Confidence: 1 = little confidence to 5 = very confident. Knowledge and confidence for doctors and nurses between classical recreational drugs and NPS were compared using a paired student t-test; comparison between nurses and doctors were undertaken by unpaired student t-test. Results: 188 staff completed the questionnaire (82 medical, 106 nursing staff). Knowledge: Both nursing and medical staff had greater knowledge of classical recreational drugs than NPS. Nursing staff: 2.9 ± 0.9 -vs- 2.1 ± 1.0, p < 0.0001; Medical staff: 3.1 ± 0.8 -vs- 2.1 ± 1.0, p < 0.0001. There was no difference between nursing and medical staff in knowledge of classical recreational drugs (p = 0.11) and NPS (p = 0.89). Confidence in managing acute toxicity: Both nursing and medical staff had greater confidence in managing acute classical recreational drug toxicity than acute NPS toxicity; Nursing staff: 3.0 ± 1.1 -vs- 2.3 ± 1.1, p < 0.0001; Medical staff: 3.0 ± 0.9 -vs- 2.1 ± 1.0, p < 0.0001. There was no difference between nursing and medical staff in their confidence in managing acute toxicity related to the use of classical recreational drugs (p = 0.85) or NPS (p = 0.33). Conclusions: Medical and nursing staff had less knowledge of NPS than classical recreational drugs, and less confidence in managing acute toxicity related to the use of NPS. There needs to be greater consideration to ensure that education related to recreational drugs includes appropriate information on NPS to improve the confidence of those who may be initially managing the patient. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) recreational drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) abuse acute toxicity human North American nurse physician substance abuse toxicology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug toxicity education emergency emergency ward hospital intensive care internal medicine medical staff nursing nursing staff patient questionnaire Student t test toxicity United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2015.1071025 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 21 TITLE The validation of Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) in the Greek population: Preliminary results AUTHOR NAMES Karaoulanis S. Sevlianou A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Karaoulanis S.; Sevlianou A.) University of Thessalia, Psychiatric, Larissa, Greece. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Karaoulanis, University of Thessalia, Psychiatric, Larissa, Greece. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2015) 25 SUPPL. 2 (S401-S402). Date of Publication: September 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 28th European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Amsterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2015-08-29 to 2015-09-01 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a clinical entity which affects many women of childbearing age. It is important to have an instrument which will help the clinicians to make the correct diagnosis. Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) is such a questionnaire. The aim of our study is the validation of PSST in Greek population. Methods: The PSST reflects and translates categorical DSM-IV criteria into a rating scale with degrees of severity. The premenstrual symptoms were examined over the course of one menstrual cycle. The PSST asked, “Within the last month have you experienced the following premenstrual symptoms starting during the week before menses and remitting a few days after the onset of menses?” The premenstrual symptoms listed on the PSST are: “Depressed mood”, “Anxiety or tension”, “Tearful”, “Anger or irritability”, “Decreased interest in work, home or social activities”, “Difficulty concentrating”, “Fatigue or lack of energy”, “Overeating or food cravings”, “Insomnia or hypersomnia”, “Feeling overwhelmed” and “Physical symptoms such as tender breasts, feeling of bloating, headache, joint or muscle pain, weight gain”. The PSST also asked whether such premenstrual symptoms interfered with “Work efficiency or productivity, home responsibility”, “Social life activities” or “Relationships with coworkers or family”. The PSST asked women to rate the severity of premenstrual symptoms as “not at all”, “mild”, “moderate” or “severe”. We divided nursery students with premenstrual symptoms into three groups: “Premenstrual dysphoric disorder”, “Moderate to Severe Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)” and “No PMS”, according to the scoring of PSST (Steiner et al 2003). Results: In the first phase 30 women completed the questionnaire. 10 (33.3%) were single, 17 were married (56.7%), 2 were divorced (6.7%) and 1 (3.3%) was a widow. 26 of them (86.7%) had regular menstrual cycle, while 10 of them (10.3%) had irregular menstrual cycle. 20 women (66.7%) were non-smokers while 10 women (33.3%) were smokers. 27 women (90%) were not used to drink alcohol. On the contrary 3 women (10%) were alcohol users. None of the women used psychoactive substances ever. 29 (96.7%) reported that the questionnaire was simple and easy to be understood. 7 women (23.3%) appeared to suffer from premenstrual symptom while 4 (13.3%) seemed to have PMDD. The first results are in accordance with the results of PSST in other countries. Conclusion: Since most women who experience changes in affect or somatic symptoms during the premenstrual period are not severely functionally impaired, it is important to distinguish these women for those who are diagnosed with PMDD. Therefore, it is important to have a reliable questionnaire in order to detect PMDD. PSST is such an instrument and it is very important to be validated in a Meditteranean country like Greece. Preliminary results in Greece show that PSST would be useful in Greece. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college European Greece Greek (citizen) human population psychopharmacology screening EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anxiety bloating breast coworker diagnosis divorced person fatigue female food headache hypersomnia insomnia irritability married person menstrual cycle menstruation mood myalgia nursery overnutrition pregnancy premenstrual dysphoric disorder premenstrual syndrome productivity questionnaire rating scale responsibility smoking social behavior social life student weight gain widow withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 22 TITLE Impact of bacterial coinfection on clinical outcomes in pneumococcal pneumonia AUTHOR NAMES Kumagai S. Ishida T. Tachibana H. Ito Y. Ito A. Hashimoto T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kumagai S.; Ishida T.; Tachibana H.; Ito Y.; Ito A.; Hashimoto T.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kumagai, SOURCE European Respiratory Journal (2015) 46 SUPPL. 59. Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2015 CONFERENCE NAME European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Amsterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2015-09-26 to 2015-09-30 ISSN 0903-1936 BOOK PUBLISHER European Respiratory Society ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of bacterial coinfection on patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the incidence, clinical features, microbial distributions, and outcomes of patients with bacterial coinfection in a cohort of 433 hospitalized patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Results: Eighty-five patients (19.6%) were diagnosed with bacterial coinfection; the most frequent pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae (25 patients, 33.3%), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (15 patients, 20.0%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (13 patients, 17.3%). The CURB-65 score and pneumonia severity index (PSI) were significantly higher in patients with bacterial coinfection (both P < 0.001). In addition, the proportion of patients with bacterial coinfection who met the IDSA/ATS severe pneumonia criteria was significantly higher (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three risk factors for bacterial coinfection in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia: alcoholism (odds ratio [OR], 5.12; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.60-16.4; P = 0.006), hospitalization for two days or more within 90 days preceding admission (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.03-3.98; P = 0.041), and residence in a nursing home or extended care facility (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.48-6.97; P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis for 30-day mortality showed that bacterial coinfection was a significant adverse prognostic factor (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.13-5.53; P = 0.023), independent of IDSA/ATS severe pneumonia, PSI, or healthcare-associated pneumonia. Conclusion: Bacterial coinfection may have an adverse impact on severity and outcomes of pneumococcal pneumonia. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) European mixed infection society Streptococcus pneumonia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism clinical feature confidence interval Haemophilus influenzae health care associated pneumonia hospital patient hospitalization human methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Moraxella catarrhalis mortality multivariate analysis multivariate logistic regression analysis nursing home pathogenesis patient pneumonia Pneumonia Severity Index risk risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress2015.PA1842 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 23 TITLE An educational intervention to improve nurses reporting of adverse drug reactions AUTHOR NAMES Marquez S. Herdeiro M.T. Ribeiro-Vaz I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marquez S.; Herdeiro M.T.) University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. (Herdeiro M.T.; Ribeiro-Vaz I.) Northern Pharmacovigilance Centre, Porto, Portugal. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Marquez, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. SOURCE Clinical Therapeutics (2015) 37:8 SUPPL. 1 (e57). Date of Publication: August 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 12th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, EACPT 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Madrid, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-27 to 2015-06-30 ISSN 0149-2918 BOOK PUBLISHER Excerpta Medica Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) are an important cause of mortality and morbidity leading to additional costs with health. Drug safety data before commercialization is limited and incomplete, which is the reason why pharmacovigilance is important. ADR reporting system is efficient in drug safety monitoring. Nurses can have an important role in ADR reporting due to their daily activities of drugs administration (including vaccines). However, among these professionals, there a high rate of underreporting. Based on the reasons proposed by Inman for underreporting ADR, it was concluded that the main obstacles to ADR reporting among nurses were indifference (the belief that a single case cannot contribute to medical knowledge) and the lack of knowledge about the pharmacovigilance system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative increase of ADR reports by nurses after an educational intervention. Methods: A quasiexperimental study was performed in nurses working in primary care in Braga district, Portugal. One hundred thirteen individuals were placed in the intervention group while the control group included 590 nurses. Two educational interventions were performed to nurses working in primary care in ACES Cavado II (intervention group) that focused on the problem of adverse drug reaction, the impact on public health and spontaneous reporting. Statistical analysis were based on absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Between January 2013 and September 2014 the Northern Pharmacovigilance Centre received 8 reports/100 nurses from the intervention group and 5 reports/100 nurses from control group. Conclusions: The educational intervention increased 1.6 times the number of reports during the study period. The second intervention had more impact than the first one. There was no significant increase in the quality of ADR reports in the intervention group. In the second intervention the number of reports increased only at the intervention day. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS vaccine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adverse drug reaction clinical pharmacology European human nurse therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS control group drug safety drug surveillance program health monitoring morbidity mortality Portugal primary medical care public health quasi experimental study statistical analysis LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 24 TITLE Bridging the gap between education and appropriate use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric clinical practice AUTHOR NAMES Dell’Osso B. Albert U. Atti A.R. Carmassi C. Carrà G. Cosci F. Del Vecchio V. Di Nicola M. Ferrari S. Goracci A. Iasevoli F. Luciano M. Martinotti G. Nanni M.G. Nivoli A. Pinna F. Poloni N. Pompili M. Sampogna G. Tarricone I. Tosato S. Volpe U. Fiorillo A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dell’Osso B.) Department of Psychiatry University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. (Dell’Osso B.) Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford Medical School, Stanford University, United States. (Albert U.) Rita Levi Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. (Atti A.R.) Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. (Carmassi C.) Department of Clinical, Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. (Carrà G.) Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom. (Cosci F.) Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. (Del Vecchio V.; Luciano M.; Sampogna G.; Volpe U.; Fiorillo A., anfioril@tin.it) Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy. (Di Nicola M.) Institute of Psychiatry Psychology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. (Ferrari S.) Department of Diagnostic-Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. (Goracci A.) Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical, Department of Mental Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. (Iasevoli F.) Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, Odontostomatology University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy. (Martinotti G.) Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Science, University G.d Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy. (Nanni M.G.) Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical, Specialty Surgical Sciences University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. (Nivoli A.) Psychiatric Institute Department of Clinical, Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. (Nivoli A.) Bipolar Disorder Unit CIBERSAM, IDIBAPS Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. (Pinna F.) Department of Public Health Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Unit of Psychiatry, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. (Poloni N.) Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Division, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. (Pompili M.) Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health and Sensory Organs Suicide Prevention Center, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. (Tarricone I.) Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy. (Tosato S.) Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Community Medicine University of Verona, Verona, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Fiorillo, Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy. SOURCE Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (2015) 11 (1885-1909). Date of Publication: 30 Jul 2015 ISSN 1178-2021 (electronic) 1176-6328 BOOK PUBLISHER Dove Medical Press Ltd., PO Box 300-008, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand. ABSTRACT More than half a century after their discovery, benzodiazepines (BDZs) still represent one of the largest and most widely prescribed groups of psychotropic compounds, not only in clinical psychiatry but also in the entire medical field. Over the last two decades, however, there has been an increased focus on the development of antidepressants and antipsychotics on the part of the pharmaceutical industry, clinicians, and researchers, with a reduced interest in BDZs, in spite of their widespread clinical use. As a consequence, many psychiatric residents, medical students, nurses, and other mental health professionals might receive poor academic teaching and training regarding these agents, and have the false impression that BDZs represent an outdated chapter in clinical psychopharmacology. However, recent advances in the field, including findings concerning epidemiology, addiction risk, and drug interactions, as well as the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition with related diagnostic changes, strongly encourage an updated appraisal of the use of BDZs in clinical practice. During a recent thematic event convened with the aim of approaching this topic in a critical manner, a group of young Italian psychiatrists attempted to highlight possible flaws in current teaching pathways, identify the main clinical pros and cons regarding current use of BDZs in clinical practice, and provide an updated overview of their use across specific clinical areas and patient populations. The main results are presented and discussed in this review. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine derivative (clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical practice medical education psychiatry psychopharmacology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS akathisia (drug therapy) anxiety disorder (drug therapy) bipolar disorder (drug therapy) borderline state (drug therapy) clinical effectiveness consultation data analysis depression (drug therapy) drug efficacy drug half life drug potency drug response drug use dystonia (drug therapy) eating disorder (drug therapy) elderly care health education human impulse control disorder (drug therapy) major depression (drug therapy) medical information medical research medical student migrant neuroleptic malignant syndrome (drug therapy) obsessive compulsive disorder (drug therapy) patient assessment posttraumatic stress disorder (drug therapy) professional competence professional knowledge psychosis (drug therapy) psychosomatic disorder (drug therapy) review risk assessment risk benefit analysis risk factor sleep disorder (drug therapy) social phobia (drug therapy) student attitude substance abuse suicide (drug therapy) tardive dyskinesia (drug therapy) treatment resistant depression (drug therapy) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015289212 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S83130 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 25 TITLE 'Get Trained' AUTHOR NAMES Kowal D.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kowal D.L.) Diane L. Kowal, MA, BS, RN, CSNT, NCSN Coventry, RI SOURCE The American journal of nursing (2015) 115:7 (13). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2015 ISSN 1538-7488 (electronic) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS adrenalin (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anaphylaxis (drug therapy) devices drug misuse (prevention) human inhalational drug administration injection nursing school health nursing standards CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 26110936 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26110936) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000467257.55136.7b COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 26 TITLE Cancer and pain management: Debunking myths in latino patients and caregivers AUTHOR NAMES Mayorga L. Juarez G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mayorga L.; Juarez G.) City Of Hope National Medical Center, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Mayorga, City Of Hope National Medical Center, United States. SOURCE Psycho-Oncology (2015) 24 SUPPL. 2 (192-193). Date of Publication: July 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 World Congress of Psycho-Oncology CONFERENCE LOCATION Washington, DC, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-07-28 to 2015-08-01 ISSN 1057-9249 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Pain is a sensitive topic among Latinos, due to fear of disease progression, treatment delays or fear of pain medication addiction. To date, limited Spanish educational materials/programs on pain management are available. In the USA, pain is the most common reason individuals consult with a physician, yet for many-especially the Hispanic community-pain is a very sensitive topic especially among cancer patients. However, through culturally relevant education on how best to manage pain, patients can empower themselves to have an active voice in their healthcare and learn how their cancer journey can be pain free. The purpose of this educational intervention was to educate Spanish speaking patients, families and caregivers on pain management and debunking their myths about cancer pain. METHODS: Based on results of performance improvement activity amongst new Latino cancer patients, an educational intervention was provided to Spanish speaking cancer patients, caregivers and their families over a 2-year period. Pretests and posttests were collected as well as 1-month follow-up calls and focus groups. A total of 10 Spanish pain classes were conducted by Advance Practice Nurse and Health Educator. Five interactive components were embedded to ensure patients understanding and learning. The educational intervention and resources were provided in Spanish. Education was provided on: types of cancer pain, pain scales, pain diaries, medication safety, including CAM and non-therapeutic options for pain management. Including education on pain management, pain types, and dispelling myths/perceptions of cancer pain and taking an active role in their care by communicating their pain. Patients/Families received a 2 h educational class, culturally relevant tools and resources. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients and caregivers attended the educational program in Spanish. Of these 36 were caregivers. The educational intervention further identified a distorted perception of pain when undergoing cancer treatment: (1) pain was not manageable (2) part of the treatment process (3) a way that the body is getting rid of cancer. Others refused medication for fear of addiction. When asked how they dealt with pain, the majority mentioned that they preferred to receive support or comfort in their families or talk with other cancer patients in similar situations. Some patients shared that they did not communicate their pain issues to their healthcare team, for fear of treatment delay. In addition 75% were currently experiencing cancer pain, of those 90% had yet to discuss this with their medical team and 50% did not know that cancer pain could be managed. Patients stated that the class provided them with tools and resources to take more of an active role in their care and managing their pain. CONCLUSIONS: After attending class patients are able to take more of an active role in their care. Attendees are able to communicate their pain to their healthcare team by using descriptive words and/ or using the pain scale to rate their pain or describe it. Patients have incorporated non-drug intervention strategies to help them cope with pain (music, meditation, attending educational classes). Patients reported improvements in communication with their healthcare team, managed pain and ability to better enjoy day-to-day activities. Caregivers reported a better sense of taking control of their care as well and empowered to be better advocates of their own health. Research Implications: Findings from this study can guide future research interventions and education to improve cancer pain perceptions amongst Latinos and patient engagement in the healthcare process. It can also guide the development of future educational programs for patients and families and to explore innovative ways to deliver pain educational program sand interventions. Practice Implications: Understanding gained from this study provides an opportunity to enhance health communication and health education strategies more effectively to benefit patients and families. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia caregiver Hispanic human literature neoplasm oncology patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction cancer pain cancer patient cancer therapy comfort community disease course drug therapy education fear follow up health health care health education health educator information processing interpersonal communication learning medical information meditation music nociception nurse pain pain assessment physician safety sand speech therapy delay voice LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.3874 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 27 TITLE Cancer and pain management: Debunking myths in latino patients and caregivers AUTHOR NAMES Mayorga L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mayorga L.) City of Hope National Medical Center, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Mayorga, City of Hope National Medical Center, United States. SOURCE Psycho-Oncology (2015) 24 SUPPL. 2 (194-195). Date of Publication: July 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 World Congress of Psycho-Oncology CONFERENCE LOCATION Washington, DC, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-07-28 to 2015-08-01 ISSN 1057-9249 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Pain is a sensitive topic among Latinos, due to fear of disease progression, treatment delays or fear of pain medication addiction. To date, limited Spanish educational materials/programs on pain management are available. In the USA, pain is the most common reason individuals consult with a physician, yet for many-especially the Hispanic community-pain is a very sensitive topic especially among cancer patients. However, through culturally relevant education on how best to manage pain, patients can empower themselves to have an active voice in their healthcare and learn how their cancer journey can be pain free. The purpose of this educational intervention was to educate Spanish speaking patients, families and caregivers on pain management and debunking their myths about cancer pain. METHODS: Based on results of performance improvement activity amongst new Latino cancer patients, an educational intervention was provided to Spanish speaking cancer patients, caregivers and their families over a 2-year period. Pretests and posttests were collected as well as 1-month follow-up calls and focus groups. A total of 10 Spanish pain classes were conducted by Advance Practice Nurse and Health Educator. Five interactive components were embedded to ensure patients understanding and learning. The educational intervention and resources were provided in Spanish. Education was provided on: types of cancer pain, pain scales, pain diaries, medication safety, including CAM and non-therapeutic options for pain management. Including education on dispelling myths/perceptions of cancer pain and taking an active role in their care by communicating their pain. Patients/Families received a 2 h educational class and were provided culturally relevant tools and resources. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients and caregivers attended the educational program in Spanish. Of these, 36 were caregivers. The educational intervention further identified a distorted perception of pain when undergoing cancer treatment: (1) pain was not manageable (2) part of the treatment process (3) a way that the body is getting rid of cancer. Others refused medication for fear of addiction. When asked how they dealt with pain, the majority mentioned that they preferred to receive support or comfort in their families or talk with other cancer patients in similar situations. Some patients shared that they did not communicate their pain issues to their healthcare team, for fear of treatment delay. In addition 75% were currently experiencing cancer pain, of those 90% had yet to discuss this with their medical team and 50% did not know that cancer pain could be managed. Patients stated that the class provided them with tools and resources to take more of an active role in their care and managing their pain. CONCLUSIONS: After attending class patients are able to take more of an active role in their care. Attendees are able to communicate their pain to their healthcare team by using descriptive words and/or using the pain scale to rate their pain or describe it. Patients have incorporated non-drug intervention strategies to help them cope with pain (music, meditation, attending educational classes). Patients reported improvements in communication with their healthcare team, managed pain and ability to better enjoy day-to-day activities. Caregivers reported a better sense of taking control of their care as well and empowered to be better advocates of their own health. Research Implications: Findings from this study can guide future research interventions and education to improve cancer pain perceptions amongst Latinos and patient engagement in the healthcare process. It can also guide the development of future educational programs for patients and families and to explore innovative ways to deliver pain educational programs and interventions. Practice Implications: Understanding gained from this study provides an opportunity to enhance health communication and health education strategies more effectively to benefit patients and families. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia caregiver Hispanic human literature neoplasm oncology patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction cancer pain cancer patient cancer therapy comfort community disease course drug therapy education fear follow up health health care health education health educator information processing interpersonal communication learning medical information meditation music nociception nurse pain pain assessment physician safety speech therapy delay voice LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.3874 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 28 TITLE Nurses: Barriers in using this powerful force in smoking cessation in the Czech Republic AUTHOR NAMES Nohavova I. Mala K. Felbrova V. Kulovana S. Kralikova E. Pankova A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nohavova I.; Mala K.; Felbrova V.; Kulovana S.; Kralikova E.; Pankova A.) Society for Treatment of Tobacco Dependence, Prague, Czech Republic. (Mala K.) Department of Cardiology, Military University Hospital Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic. (Felbrova V.; Kulovana S.; Kralikova E.; Pankova A.) Centre for Tobacco-Dependent, 3rd Medical Department, General University Hospital, Prague 2, Czech Republic. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Nohavova, Society for Treatment of Tobacco Dependence, Prague, Czech Republic. SOURCE Cancer Nursing (2015) 38:4 SUPPL. 1 (S7-S8). Date of Publication: July-August 2015 CONFERENCE NAME International Conference on Cancer Nursing, ICCN 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Vancouver, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2015-07-08 to 2015-07-11 ISSN 0162-220X BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT The Czech Republic, a central European country, has 10 million inhabitants, 2,200,000 smokers (30 % of the population 15 years and older), 40,000 physicians and approximately 100,000 nurses. Methods: Report the activities of the Czech Society for Treatment of Tobacco Dependence (STTD) Nurses' section to increase nurses involvement in tobacco control. Results: Since 2007, regular one-day workshops are organized for nurses about basics in tobacco control and smoking cessation methods, mainly the brief intervention (5 A' s) and the role of nurses in its application. Also, since 2012, more such activities are conducted through the collaborative project with the ISNCC, including expanding the Czech model of building capacity to other countries in the region and implementing online learning. Nurses have developed, and recently revised, a smoking cessation guideline specific to nurses. During the past 9 years, more than 500 nurses have passed this educational program. One of the barriers for additional nursing involvement is their own smoking: still about 40%of nurses smoke, compared to 23%of women in the general population and 16% of physicians. Efforts are needed to support quitting among nurses. Expanded training and motivation will also assist in engaging more nurses. Conclusion: If each nurse in the country would help just one smoker quit every year, it would be a substantial reduction in the number of Czech smokers. Any possibility to increase nurses' motivation to stop smoking and take better care of their smoking patients is hugely valuable and the various activities the STTD offers, several in partnership with ISNCC, address this gap. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Czech Republic human nurse oncology nursing smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Central European Czech (citizen) female learning model motivation nursing patient physician population smoke smoking society tobacco tobacco dependence workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000287 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 29 TITLE Performance-Enhancing Drugs and the High School Athlete AUTHOR NAMES Franckowiak B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Franckowiak B.) Family Nurse Practitioner, Ellicott City, MD SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2015) 30:4 (214-216). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2015 ISSN 1942-602X ABSTRACT A performance-enhancing drug (PED) is any substance that is used to increase muscle mass, dull pain, reduce weight, or ease stress. The use of PEDs is a growing concern among adolescents, due in part to the pressures to perform, the influence of professional role models, and a general lack of education about the dangers of these substances. Use of performance enhancers has been identified in middle school as well as high school age students. This article details the school nurse's role in identifying youth who are using a PED, providing education for students and families, and referring for treatment if needed. Although PED use is not as prevalent as use of other illicit drugs, PEDs still pose a threat to adolescent physical and mental health. Discussion about PED use can open the door to discussion about use of other substances. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anabolic agent (drug administration, adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) athletic performance nurse attitude organization and management prevention and control EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent doping health promotion human school school health nursing school health service United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26118434 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26118434) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X14562962 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 30 TITLE Impact of bacterial coinfection on clinical outcomes in pneumococcal pneumonia AUTHOR NAMES Kumagai S. Ishida T. Tachibana H. Ito Y. Ito A. Hashimoto T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kumagai S., skumagai1212@gmail.com; Ishida T.; Tachibana H.; Ito Y.; Ito A.; Hashimoto T.) Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa, Kurashiki, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kumagai, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa, Kurashiki, Japan. SOURCE European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (2015) 34:9 (1839-1847). Date of Publication: 10 Jun 2015 ISSN 1435-4373 (electronic) 0934-9723 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, service@springer.de ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of bacterial coinfection on patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. We retrospectively analyzed the incidence, clinical features, microbial distributions, and outcomes of patients with bacterial coinfection in a cohort of 433 hospitalized patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Eighty-five patients (19.6 %) were diagnosed with bacterial coinfection; the most frequent pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae (25 patients, 33.3 %), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (15 patients, 20.0 %), and Moraxella catarrhalis (13 patients, 17.3 %). The CURB-65 score and pneumonia severity index (PSI) were significantly higher in patients with bacterial coinfection (both P < 0.001). In addition, the proportion of patients with bacterial coinfection who met the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) severe pneumonia criteria was significantly higher (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three risk factors for bacterial coinfection in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia: alcoholism (odds ratio [OR], 5.12; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI), 1.60–16.4; P = 0.006), hospitalization for 2 days or more within 90 days preceding admission (OR, 2.02; 95 % CI, 1.03–3.98; P = 0.041), and residence in a nursing home or extended care facility (OR, 3.22; 95 % CI, 1.48–6.97; P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis for 30-day mortality showed that bacterial coinfection was a significant adverse prognostic factor (OR, 2.50; 95 % CI, 1.13–5.53; P = 0.023), independent of IDSA/ATS severe pneumonia, PSI, or healthcare-associated pneumonia. In conclusion, bacterial coinfection may have an adverse impact on severity and outcomes of pneumococcal pneumonia. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aztreonam beta lactam biapenem cefepime cefoperazone plus sulbactam cefozopran ceftazidime ciprofloxacin doripenem macrolide pazufloxacin piperacillin piperacillin plus tazobactam potassium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bacterial infection mixed infection Streptococcus pneumonia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcoholism antibiotic therapy antimicrobial therapy article artificial ventilation body temperature clinical feature confusion disease severity female Haemophilus influenzae health care associated pneumonia hospital patient human incidence length of stay major clinical study male methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus monotherapy Moraxella catarrhalis mortality neurologic disease nursing home outcome assessment Pneumonia Severity Index priority journal retrospective study risk factor urea nitrogen blood level CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aztreonam (78110-38-0) biapenem (120410-24-4) cefepime (88040-23-7) cefoperazone plus sulbactam (92739-15-6) cefozopran (113359-04-9) ceftazidime (72558-82-8) ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1) doripenem (148016-81-3) pazufloxacin (127045-41-4) piperacillin (59703-84-3, 61477-96-1) potassium (7440-09-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Drug Literature Index (37) Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015121253 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-015-2421-y COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 31 TITLE A prospective cohort study of influences on internalizing and externalizing behaviors across childhood AUTHOR NAMES Enoch M.-A. Kitzman H. Smith J.A. Anson E. Hodgkinson C.A. Goldman D. Olds D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Enoch M.-A.; Kitzman H.; Smith J.A.; Anson E.; Hodgkinson C.A.; Goldman D.; Olds D.) Laboratory of Neurogenetics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, United States. (Enoch M.-A.; Kitzman H.; Smith J.A.; Anson E.; Hodgkinson C.A.; Goldman D.; Olds D.) University of Rochester, School of Nursing, Rochester, United States. (Enoch M.-A.; Kitzman H.; Smith J.A.; Anson E.; Hodgkinson C.A.; Goldman D.; Olds D.) University of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.-A. Enoch, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2015) 39 SUPPL. 1 (132A). Date of Publication: June 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 38th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-20 to 2015-06-24 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT This study investigated influences on internalizing and externalizing behaviors in a cohort of 600 firstborn (FB) children followed from pregnancy to 18 years. Data were derived from a prospective study of the effects of prenatal and infancy nurse home educational visiting (NHV) on health outcomes in low income, predominantly African Americans, in Memphis, TN. Mothers were assessed in pregnancy for mental health (MH), self-efficacy and mastery and reported on smoking, alcohol and drug use in pregnancy and at child ages 6 and 12. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist was completed at 2, 6, 12 and 18 yrs and by youths at ages 12 and 18. Composite internalizing disorders (ID) scores and externalizing disorders (ED) scores were the outcomemeasures and were clinically significant in 10-15% of children. DSM-IV alcohol and drug use disorder (AUD, DUD) diagnoses were obtained from youth at age 18. The functional SNPs FKBP5 rs1360780 and DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 and 186 AIMs were genotyped. Maternal alcohol/drug use was minimal throughout but smoking increased from 12% in pregnancy to 30% at age 12. Predictors for both ID and ED at age 2 included sex,maternal MH, mastery and NHV; behavior was better only in children whose mothers had high self-efficacy and had received NHV. This effect persisted until age 6 for ID only. The strongest predictors of ID and ED were behavioral scores at younger ages. Maternal MH in pregnancy continued to influence ID and ED up to 12 yrs after which maternal mastery re-emerged in importance. Maternal smoking predicted ID and ED from 6 to 18 yrs. FKBP5 rs1360780 influenced ID up to 6 years whereas DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 influenced ED from 6 to 18 years. At age 18, 13% of FB had a diagnosis of AUD/DUD. Predictors for 'any addiction' included sex, FB pastmonth cigs/day and youth-report ED at age 18. A total of 13% of FB smoked at age 18; predictors included maternal smoking in pregnancy and age 6, FB 'any addiction' and youth-report ED at age 18. Our study suggests that there are long lasting effects of maternal MH, resilience and smoking on childhood behavior. NHV had a positive effect on early behavior. Our findings have implications for prevention of pathological behaviors in adulthood. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism childhood cohort analysis human society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adulthood African American child Child Behavior Checklist diagnosis diseases drug use female health infancy juvenile lowest income group maternal smoking mental health mother nurse pregnancy prevention prospective study self concept smoking LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.12741 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 32 TITLE Nurses' health behaviours and physical activity-related health-promotion practices AUTHOR NAMES Bakhshi S. Sun F. Murrells T. While A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bakhshi S.; Sun F.; Murrells T.; While A.) Savita Bakhshi, Visiting Research Associate, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, King's College London SOURCE British journal of community nursing (2015) 20:6 (289-296). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2015 ISSN 1462-4753 ABSTRACT Many registered nurses (RNs) are not achieving the recommended daily levels of physical activity. This study collected data from 623 RNs about their personal health behaviours and their professional, physical activity-related health-promotion practices. The findings showed that 75% of the sample reported engaging in personal physical activity, 25% were at risk of hazardous drinking or active alcohol use disorders, 17% were past smokers and 11% were current smokers, 47% reported having a normal body weight-size, and 73% desired to be a normal body weight-size. Nearly half of the sample reported that they were promoting physical activity within their clinical practice. Personal physical activity behaviour, perceived health status, length of clinical practice, clinical specialty, and actual body weight-size were significantly related to the RNs' professional, physical activity-related practices. This study highlights a need for training on physical activity-related counselling, including awareness of the latest recommendations and strategies to promote physical activity. Health-care employers should also consider addressing nurses' barriers to the promotion of physical activity within their clinical practice so that all health-care contacts are able to maximise opportunities to promote active ageing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion motor activity nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult cross-sectional study female health behavior human male middle aged questionnaire risk factor United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26043015 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26043015) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2015.20.6.289 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 33 TITLE Designing a educational intervention to nurse management of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with spondyloarthritis AUTHOR NAMES Rey Villar R. Alonso Blanco-Morales E. Bravo-Ferrer Acosta J.M. Gismero Salmador E. Soilan Lopez A. Martinez Fernandez N. Pinto Tasende J.A. Blanco García F.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rey Villar R.; Alonso Blanco-Morales E.; Bravo-Ferrer Acosta J.M.; Gismero Salmador E.; Soilan Lopez A.; Martinez Fernandez N.; Pinto Tasende J.A.; Blanco García F.J.) Rheumatology, University Hospital A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Rey Villar, Rheumatology, University Hospital A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. SOURCE Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015) 74 SUPPL. 2 (1340-1341). Date of Publication: June 2015 CONFERENCE NAME Annual European Congress of Rheumatology of the European League Against Rheumatism, EULAR 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Rome, Italy CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-10 to 2015-06-13 ISSN 0003-4967 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: The cardiovascular risk of individuals with spondyloarthritis (SpA) is increased (1) compared to the general population of the same age and sex. Early identification of cardiovascular risk factors and ongoing monitoring of these factors are mandatory to reduce the excess cardiovascular risk. Objectives: Considering the scientific evidence about the effectiveness of an educational nursing intervention in these patients (2), we pursue the aim of designing a protocol for nursing management of cardiovascular risk in patients with SpA (particularly ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis). Methods: Prospective study of a consecutive sample of patients, who are part or the follow up SpA Rheumatology cohort of a tertiary level hospital, once signed informed consent. In medical visit, an assessment of disease activity with validated questionnaires and treatment monitoring is performed. Furthermore, carotid ultrasound for detection of subclinical atherosclerosis is performed. Results: The individual educational intervention begins with a closed directed interview. Subsequently, vital signs, the ABI (Ankle-brachial Index) is performed for all patients who meet the screening criteria, according to the American Heart Association, cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE charts validated for Spain, Classic Framingham and REGICOR are measured. The three pillars on which the Nursing Intervention is carried out are: smoking, exercise and eating habits (3). - Smoking habits: Fagerstrom Test for the measurement of the level of nicotine dependence. Tobacco education, motivation to quit and referral to pulmonology Smoking Cessation, when the subject is willing to quit. - Correlation of physical activity level with BMI (Body Mass Index) and lipid profile to establish a pattern of individualized physical activity depending on local resources. - Eating Habits: Individual eating advice, encouragement of Mediterranean diet and check on levels of salt and saturated fats. After the consultation, we set realistic achievable goals and assessing their fulfilment by telephone follow-up visits every 6 months and a face to face interview every two years, where repeat measurements to establish a comparison. Conclusions: Thanks to our study, we will obtain scientific evidence on the effectiveness of the educational intervention on health and on the influence over the correction of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. We hope to highlight the key role of nursing in the management of these patients and that these findings are indicative of the development of evidence-based practice in nurse led care. Also, the results, and their effectiveness will duly reported. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS lipid saturated fatty acid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiovascular risk European human nurse patient rheumatic disease rheumatology spondylarthritis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS ankle brachial index ankylosing spondylitis atherosclerosis body mass carotid artery consultation disease activity eating eating habit education evidence based practice exercise follow up health hope hospital informed consent interview medical society Mediterranean diet monitoring motivation nursing nursing intervention nursing management physical activity population prospective study psoriatic arthritis pulmonology questionnaire screening smoking smoking cessation smoking habit Spain telephone tobacco tobacco dependence ultrasound vital sign LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3337 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 34 TITLE Baseline measures of importance, confidence, and current practice in an SBIRT training program: The role of experience for advanced practice RNS AUTHOR NAMES Savage C. Johnson J.A. Finnell D. Seale J.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage C.; Johnson J.A.; Finnell D.; Seale J.P.) Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA and Mercer University, Macon, GA 31206, USA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Savage, SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2015) 39 SUPPL. 1 (191A). Date of Publication: June 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 38th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-20 to 2015-06-24 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: Screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a set of clinical strategies recommended for use to identify and provide appropriate services to those at risk for alcohol and/or drug related consequences. The use of SBIRT by advanced practice nurses requires inclusion of SBIRT and related content in nursing curricula. While implementing SBIRT curricula in Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) programs, we conducted surveys with students prior to SBIRT training to identify baseline levels of importance, confidence, and current practice related to SBIRT. Methods: The cross-sectional survey was completed with 365 students in 7 APRN programs. Depending upon the mode of instruction for the APRN program (online or classroom) surveys were administered through an online data collection tool or on paper. Importance and confidence measures and current practice measures were asked separately for alcohol and drugs. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: Students were predominantly white (75%) and female (91%) with a mean age of 33 years and a mean of 7 years of experience as a registered nurse. Mean age and experience varied widely by site depending on the mode of instruction. Programs that were predominantly online had significantly older, more experienced students. To determine the potential impact of experience on baseline SBIRT measures, years of experience was categorized into quartiles (less than years, 3 to 5 years, 6 to 8 years,more than 8 years). One-way Analysis of Variance was used to identify differences across experience groups. There were no group differences on any of the alcohol or drug importance measures. There were, however, a number of group differences on many of the confidence, and current practice measures for alcohol with mean scores increasing with years of experience. These differences were even more pronounced among measures assessing confidence in addressing drug use issues. Conclusion: Prior to SBIRT training, nurses' years of experience in the field has a significant impact on their level of confidence in identifying and addressing patients' alcohol and drug use issues as well as self-reported practice behaviors. Forthcoming post-training surveys as well as post-graduation surveys will be able to determine if these differences persist and if they translate into differences in the practice of SBIRT once APRN students complete their degrees and enter clinical practice. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism society training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS advanced practice nurse analysis of variance clinical practice computer program curriculum data analysis software drug use female human information processing nurse nursing patient registered nurse risk screening student LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acer.12741 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 35 TITLE Prevention of child neurological disorders in Uganda AUTHOR NAMES Nakibirango J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nakibirango J.) Rise and Shine Dyslexic Organization (RASDO), Kampala, Uganda. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Nakibirango, Rise and Shine Dyslexic Organization (RASDO), Kampala, Uganda. SOURCE European Journal of Neurology (2015) 22 SUPPL. 1 (488). Date of Publication: June 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 1st Congress of the European Academy of Neurology CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2015-06-20 to 2015-06-23 ISSN 1351-5101 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Background and aims: The most challenging issue in Uganda is data collection and neurological disorders have become inevitable phenomenon in the country to all categories of children from affluent or non-affluent families yet the public has little knowledge about the causes and handling of children with neurological disorders. Rise and Shine Dyslexic Organisation (RASDO) was started in Munyonyo to cater for Dyslexic children and experience shows that Neurological disorders are increasingly prevalent in Uganda; the factors that are producing this increased burden include malnutrition, perinatal conditions, diseases, accidents and complications before and after birth. Methods: RASDO offers psychosocial support to both parents and teachers for proper management of children with neurological disorders. Our staff addresses issues through checklists, interviews and observation; findings show that malnutrition, adverse perinatal conditions, malaria, meningitis, demographic transitions, increased vehicular traffic, persistent regional conflicts, trauma, and alcohol abuse lead to neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, dyslexia, mental retardation, epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy, and other developmental disorders. Results: Special educationist and a part time nurse give attention to dyslexic children to address their issues. As there is a big increase in numbers who need help of our services, RASDO needs good working relationship and networking with Neurological organizations worldwide for excellent services. Conclusion: Child neurology being a crucial issue in the development of the nervous system, RASDO needs to collaborate with International organizations on the prevention of increasing number of child neurological disorders. Lastly, training for many numerological specialists in Uganda is still lacking and should be addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child European human neurologic disease neurology prevention Uganda EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accident alcohol abuse cerebral palsy checklist developmental disorder diseases dyslexia epilepsy information processing injury interview malaria malnutrition medical specialist meningitis mental deficiency nervous system nurse organization parent peripheral neuropathy psychosocial care teacher traffic LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.12808 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 36 TITLE Managing pain medications in long-term care: nurses' views AUTHOR NAMES Kaasalainen S. Agarwal G. Dolovich L. Brazil K. Papaioannou A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kaasalainen S.; Agarwal G.; Dolovich L.; Brazil K.; Papaioannou A.) Associate Professor, School of Nursing, McMaster University, David Braley Health Sciences Centre SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2015) 24:9 (484, 486-9). Date of Publication: 14 May 2015 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' perceptions of their current practices related to administering pain medications to long-term care (LTC) residents. A cross-sectional survey design was used, including both quantitative and open-ended questions. Data were collected from 165 nurses (59% response rate) at nine LTC homes in southern Ontario, Canada. The majority (85%) felt that the medication administration system was adequate to help them manage residents' pain and 98% felt comfortable administering narcotics. In deciding to administer a narcotic, nurses were influenced by pain assessments, physician orders, diagnosis, past history, effectiveness of non-narcotics and fear of making dosage miscalculations or developing addictions. Finally, most nurses stated that they trusted the physicians and pharmacists to ensure orders were safe. These findings highlight nurses' perceptions of managing pain medications in LTC and related areas where continuing education initiatives for nurses are needed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug therapy) anticoagulant agent (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult cross-sectional study female human long term care male middle aged nursing staff practice guideline United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25978282 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25978282) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2015.24.9.484 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 37 TITLE Change in provider perspectives about opioid analgesics following a multidisciplinary educational intervention to enhance safe opioid use AUTHOR NAMES Agarwal A.K. Gugelmann H. O'Conor K. Shofer F. Perrone J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Agarwal A.K.; Shofer F.; Perrone J.) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. (Gugelmann H.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, United States. (O'Conor K.) Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.K. Agarwal, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. SOURCE Academic Emergency Medicine (2015) 22:5 SUPPL. 1 (S131). Date of Publication: May 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, SAEM 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Diego, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-05-12 to 2015-05-15 ISSN 1069-6563 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Increased opioid prescribing is associated with rising addiction rates, overdoses, and deaths. Although several organizations have established guidelines to effect safe ED opioid prescribing, it is unknown which aspects of provider perspectives are affected when prescribing changes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention upon ED providers' perspectives regarding pain management. Methods: This prospective study measured the change in providers' perspectives following a previously reported ED-based, multidisciplinary educational intervention. The study population included ED nurses, nurse practitioners (NPs), residents, and attending physicians. Participants completed baseline and post-intervention surveys measuring analgesic prescribing preferences and providers' responsibilities. The primary outcome was a change in perspectives measured in group means and assessed by t-test. Secondary outcomes included changes in providers' views of ED pain management. Results: 108 (65.5%) of providers completed the baseline survey and 91 (69%) completed the (6-month) post-intervention survey. Respondents includes nurses (47.2%), attending physicians (22.6%), resident physicians (30.1%), and NPs (4.4%); 32.5% of respondents had practiced over 10 years. Analgesics for acute pain shifted towards NSAIDs and acetaminophen (p=0.012) and away from opioids for chronic pain (p=0.005). Providers increasingly identified the risks of (Table presented) short and long term opioid addiction (p=0.003, 0.0001). Providers acknowledged the potential exacerbation of opioid misuse secondary to the use of opioids for chronic pain, and reported that ED providers can affect individual outcomes in pain management (Table 293). Conclusion: Previously published data illustrate that educational interventions targeted at both prescribers and non-prescribing nurses decreased ED opioid prescribing. This follow-up study illustrates the significant changes in provider perspectives on factors related to both acute and chronic ED pain management. This included increased emphasis on non-opioid analgesics and heightened awareness of the risk of opioid addiction. The prescriber education succeeded in changing perspectives, which may explain the success of the intervention. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent paracetamol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency medicine society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia chronic pain death education follow up human intoxication nurse nurse practitioner organization pain physician population prospective study resident responsibility risk Student t test LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.12644 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 38 TITLE Amphetamine intoxication and withdrawal management guidelines for acute hospital settings AUTHOR NAMES Loke K.S. Castle D. Lloyd-Jones M. Bosanac P. Karro J. Fraser N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Loke K.S.) Nexus Dual Diagnosis Service, Melbourne, Australia. (Castle D.; Lloyd-Jones M.; Bosanac P.; Karro J.; Fraser N.) St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.S. Loke, Nexus Dual Diagnosis Service, Melbourne, Australia. SOURCE Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (2015) 49 SUPPL. 1 (98). Date of Publication: May 2015 CONFERENCE NAME Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, RANZCP Annual Congress 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION South Brisbane, QLD, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2015-05-03 to 2015-05-07 ISSN 0004-8674 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Amphetamine intoxication is becoming an increasingly prevalent problem in emergency departments and psychiatric inpatient units in Victoria. Some of these presentations are associated with acute arousal with agitation and aggression, which pose a risk to treating staff as well as the patients themselves. Objectives: To provide a quick reference guide for medical and nursing staff who need to manage acute arousal, withdrawal and post-acute/chronic presentations related to amphetamine-type stimulants in acute hospital settings. Methods: A literature search was conducted on various protocols to manage acute presentations of amphetamine intoxication in acute medical settings. Medical and nursing colleagues in Emergency medicine/Toxicology, Addiction Medicine and Psychiatry were consulted. The existing generic acute arousal protocol for the acute inpatient service was reviewed. Findings: Various acute medical problems that can be caused by stimulants require screening. Behavioural and psychopharmacological strategies can be used to manage and prevent escalation of acute arousal. Stage-matched strategies to deal with amphetamine use disorders can be implemented in the post-acute phase. Conclusions: An abbreviated protocol for managing the acute and post-acute phases of amphetamine intoxication and withdrawal was designed for use in psychiatric inpatient units and emergency departments. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amphetamine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS central stimulant agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Australian college hospital human New Zealand psychiatrist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction aggression agitation arousal diseases emergency emergency ward hospital patient nursing nursing staff patient psychiatry risk screening LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867415578344 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 39 TITLE Characteristics of nursing associated with completion of compliance monitoring program for substance abuse AUTHOR NAMES Bhounsule P. Moes S. Peterson A.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bhounsule P.) University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, United States. (Moes S.) Livengrin Foundation,Inc., Bensalem, United States. (Peterson A.M.) University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Bhounsule, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, Philadelphia, United States. SOURCE Value in Health (2015) 18:3 (A75). Date of Publication: May 2015 CONFERENCE NAME ISPOR 20th Annual International Meeting Research CONFERENCE LOCATION Philadelphia, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-05-16 to 2015-05-20 ISSN 1098-3015 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To identify the predictors of the nurses undergoing a Compliance Monitoring Program (CMP) for substance/drug abuse successfully and assessing the effect of these variables on the successful completion of program. METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study using the de-identified data from the Florida Intervention Project for Nurses (IPN). Status of CMP program categorized as 'completed' and 'Incomplete' formed the dependent variable. The independent variables were characteristics of the nurses - demographic (education, marital status), type of treatment employed, years of nursing experience, healthcare institutional setting that employed the nurses, healthcare specialty of nurses, diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-axes), lab results for presence of drugs, presence of substance related disorders (dependency, abuse), family history of biological, non-biological and mental diseases, lab test results during relapse, if aftercare is required at end of program, status of treatment at end of program, type of contract, reason for dismissal from program and whether individual treatment is required. Imputation procedures using the Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation with maximum-likelihood estimation were employed to fill missing data. Statistical tests included descriptive analysis including chi-square tests followed by logistic regression (p< 0.05). RESULTS: All independent variables except family history of mental diseases were found associated with the status of the CMP. The stepwise logistic regression yielded only nursing experience in years, type of healthcare institution, specialty, nursing license and treatment (all p< 0.0001) were found associated with the completion of the CMP at p< 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing profession characteristics like healthcare setting, specialty and years of experience seemed to have a higher association with completion of the CMP for substance abuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cytidine phosphate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) monitoring nursing substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse addiction aftercare chi square test cohort analysis dependent variable Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders education family history health care human independent variable licence logistic regression analysis marriage maximum likelihood method mental disease Monte Carlo method nurse occupation probability procedures relapse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 40 TITLE Beyond post partum depression: Interactive methods for teaching about pregnancy related obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorders (SUDS) AUTHOR NAMES Frank J.B. Chisolm M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Frank J.B.) Department of Psychiatry George, Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, United States. (Chisolm M.S.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.B. Frank, Department of Psychiatry George, Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, United States. SOURCE Archives of Women's Mental Health (2015) 18:2 (311). Date of Publication: April 2015 CONFERENCE NAME International Marce Society for Perinatal Mental Health Biennial Scientific Conference 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Swansea, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2014-09-10 to 2014-09-12 ISSN 1434-1816 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer-Verlag Wien ABSTRACT Explain the objective and expected outcomes of the workshop. The education of midwives, nurses, psychiatrists and obstetricians has evolved from lectures and apprenticeship to active learning methods such as interviews with standardized patients, demonstration followed by practice with peers, use of media and team based learning. When guided by clear objectives, such methods allow trainees to develop a more than superficial understanding of relatively uncommon, yet important and disabling disorders associated with pregnancy. Reliable methods of efficiently screening for obsessive compulsive disorder and substance use disorders can be transposed from general settings into training at many levels for those in obstetrics and perinatal health care. This workshop demonstrates the use of the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Checklist (YBOC) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in simulations relevant to pregnant and post partum women. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental health obsessive compulsive disorder pregnancy puerperal depression society substance abuse teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol use disorder checklist diseases education female health care human interview learning midwife nurse obstetrician obstetrics patient psychiatrist screening simulation student workshop Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-014-0488-6 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 41 TITLE Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in students of San Luis university AUTHOR NAMES Ojeda A. Wendel G. Fuentes L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ojeda A.; Wendel G.; Fuentes L., lfuen@unsl.edu.ar) Farmacología, UNSL, San Luis, Argentina. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Fuentes, Farmacología, UNSL, San Luis, Argentina. Email: lfuen@unsl.edu.ar SOURCE Biocell (2015) 39 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 32nd Annual Meeting Sociedad de Biologia de Cuyo CONFERENCE LOCATION San Luis, Argentina CONFERENCE DATE 2015-12-04 to 2015-12-05 ISSN 0327-9545 BOOK PUBLISHER Centro Regional de Invest. Cientif. y Tecn. ABSTRACT Hypertension (HTA) is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of HTA has increased due to greater life expectancy and prevalence of obesity in the population. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution, awareness, treatment, and control of HTA in students of San Luis University. The survey was approved by Ethics Committee and the data were statistically analyzed. A crosssectional study based on surveys performed on subjects randomly selected from biochemistry and nursing carrier of our university. A total of 264 subjects (53.0% nursing, 47.0% biochemistry) were tested. Measuring rods scales and equipment aneroid blood pressure were used. Mean age: 24.54±5.44 years (18-49 years), weight: 70.1±13.0 kg (42.5-130), height: 1.64± 0.08 m (1.45-1.87), BMI: 23.2±4.2 (16.3-44.9), waist circumference: 80.6±15.0 (53- 130), mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure: 108.1±11.3 and 69.8±11.0. The prevalence of HTA was 16% (12% women, 4% men, 2.2% treatment), without HTA 73.4 %, unknown 10.6%. DBT: 16.6%, DLP: 4.5%, hyperuricemia: 5.3%, internment for breast pain: 6.4%, IAM: 4.5%, IC: 3.7%, ACV: 3.0%, coronary disease: 2.6%. Nicotinism: 33.3%; alcoholic drinks frequently 3.0%, occasionally 82.1%, never 14.9%; physical activity frequently 33.7%, occasionally 50.7%, never 15.6%, diet fatty acid frequently 18.1%, occasionally 80.3%, never 1.6%, family history cardiovascular disease: 54.1% and 97,7% know about risk factors. Sixteen percent of the population evaluated has HTA, more common in women. It is advisable to identify risk factors early in life, in order to prevent the subsequent development of HTA in adulthood and its future complications. This study suggests the broadening of bases for bio-clinical examination to other sectors of our community in order to more effectively motivate students, parents, and teachers in healthy habits for cardiovascular disease prevention. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS fatty acid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human hypertension prevalence student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adulthood alcoholic beverage blood pressure cardiovascular disease clinical examination community coronary artery disease diastolic blood pressure diet family history female habit height hyperuricemia life expectancy male mastalgia nursing obesity parent physical activity population professional standard prophylaxis risk factor teacher tobacco dependence waist circumference weight LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 42 TITLE Court-appointed guardians for adults with impaired capacity AUTHOR NAMES Cohen A.B. Trentalange M. Fried T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cohen A.B.; Trentalange M.; Fried T.) Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, United States. (Trentalange M.; Fried T.) VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.B. Cohen, Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2015) 63 SUPPL. 1 (S105). Date of Publication: April 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society CONFERENCE LOCATION National Harbor, MD, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-05-15 to 2015-05-17 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Background: For some adults who develop impaired capacity, health care decisions are made by a court-appointed guardian. Case reports have identified potential issues with decision-making by guardians in the clinical setting, including unavailability to health care providers and a reluctance to make difficult treatment decisions. Efforts to evaluate and address these issues have been limited, however, because few data are kept about guardianship and little is known about guardians or persons under guardianship. Methods: We obtained access to the electronic charts as well as administrative data for veterans who obtained care at Veterans' Health Administration (VHA) facilities in Connecticut and died between 2003 to 2013. We searched note titles and patient contact information for forms of the words “guardian” and “conservator” and identified persons likely to have a court-appointed guardian. We then conducted structured chart reviews to verify guardianship status and collect additional information, including the reason for incapacity and the relationship between patient and guardian. Results: 273 of 29479 decedent veterans (0.9%) had a court-appointed guardian with authority to make health care decisions. The majority of veterans under guardianship were long-term nursing home residents (56%), with a mean age at death of 81.9 (± 12.3) years. The median length of guardianship was 2.3 years (IQR 0.9-4.6). For 179 veterans under guardianship (66%), the guardian was a family member or friend, known as a private guardian. For 94 veterans (34%), the guardian was a paid official, most often a lawyer, known as a professional guardian. The most common reasons for incapacity in both groups were dementia (51% overall), a psychotic disorder (21%), and substance abuse (5%), but a psychotic disorder and substance abuse were more common among veterans with professional guardians than veterans with private guardians (p = 0.03). Conclusions: This is the first work, to our knowledge, to characterize guardianship among a large patient population. Professional guardians, who have no pre-existing relationship with the persons they represent and are often unable to exercise substituted judgment, were appointed for more than a third of decedent veterans under guardianship. Further work is needed to assess the challenges in decision-making for these vulnerable persons. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adult American geriatrics society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS case report death decision making dementia exercise friend health care health care management health care personnel human lawyer medical record review nursing home patient patient population psychosis substance abuse United States veteran veterans health vulnerable population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.13439 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 43 TITLE Validation of a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards smoking among nursing students: a pilot study in Piedmont region AUTHOR NAMES Chiarini M. Saulle R. Panaro A.S. La Torre G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chiarini M.) Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome (Saulle R., rosella.saulle@uniroma1.it) Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome.Email: (Panaro A.S.) Università del Piemonte Orientale (La Torre G.) Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome SOURCE Professioni infermieristiche (2015) 68:2 (183-189). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2015 ISSN 0033-0205 ABSTRACT AIM: Healthcare professionals have an important role to play both as advisers influencing smoking cessation and as role models. Despite this many of them continue to smoke. In this pilot study we have evaluated the reliability and validity of the Global Health Professional Students Survey questionnaire to examine smoking prevalence, in the Piedmont region.METHODS: Reliability analysis was tested and content validity was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha to check internal consistency with the intention to obtain no misunderstanding with the results. The questionnaire composed of 6 sections for a total of 36 items, was administered among nursing students in Piedmont's hospitals and data were collected in the period between January and July 2013. Statistical analysis was performed through SPSS Statistics for Windows version 19 (IBM Corp. Released 2010. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 19.0.Armonk, NY: IBM Corp, USA).RESULTS: Questionnaire was administered to 265 nursing students: 77 (29.1%) men and 188 (70.9%) women. Only 37 (14%) students were over 30 year old, 57 (21.5) were in a range of 25-29 and 171 (64.5%) were in a range of 18-24 years old. Students had attended the 3th year of the course. The prevalence of current smokers was 25.3% (67). The higher value of Cronbach's Alpha resulted on the selection of 14 items (0.841), while on the other all sections (34 items in total) resulted in a value (0.786) meaning that the questionnaire has a satisfactory internal validity.CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrated that the questionnaire has very good reliability properties in the study and this needs to be taken into account for future extensive studies needed due to the high percentage of students in nursing who currently smoke (about a quarter of the total in our study). In addition, this study revealed that the education of students on smoking cessation is highly associated with their positive perception of their role as health model. This is a fact which may indicate the importance of adopting a core-curriculum related to the prevention and treatment of tobacco addiction among nursing students. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health behavior nursing student smoking standards EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult age distribution attitude to health epidemiology female human Italy male pilot study prevalence questionnaire reproducibility risk factor statistics and numerical data validation study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26402239 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26402239) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.7429/pi.2015.6822183 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 44 TITLE Marijuana in the workplace: Guidance for occupational health professionals and employers: Joint guidance statement of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses and the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine AUTHOR NAMES Phillips J.A. Holland M.G. Baldwin D.D. Meuleveld L.G. Mueller K.L. Perkison B. Upfal M. Dreger M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Phillips J.A., japhil@uab.edu; Holland M.G.; Baldwin D.D.; Meuleveld L.G.; Mueller K.L.; Perkison B.; Upfal M.; Dreger M.) American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Elk Grove Village, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Phillips, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue, S, Birmingham, United States. Email: japhil@uab.edu SOURCE Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2015) 57:4 (459-475). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2015 ISSN 1536-5948 (electronic) 1076-2752 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, kathiest.clai@apta.org EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol dronabinol illicit drug medical cannabis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis addiction occupational health workplace EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol intoxication Americans with disabilities act article cannabis use high risk behavior human law enforcement policy CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) dronabinol (7663-50-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160142467 MEDLINE PMID 25851187 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25851187) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000441 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 45 TITLE The tell-tale heart: A case of group b streptococcus (GBS) endocarditis presenting as complete heart block AUTHOR NAMES Ahmed A. Zhang D.S. Chiang I.-H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ahmed A.; Zhang D.S.; Chiang I.-H.) Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Ahmed, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2015) 30 SUPPL. 2 (S468). Date of Publication: April 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Toronto, ON, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2015-04-22 to 2015-04-25 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York LLC ABSTRACT LEARNING OBJECTIVE #1: Recognize that the rate of invasive Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infections is rising in non-pregnant adults particularly in the elderly LEARNING OBJECTIVE #2: Identify GBS as a rare pathogen causing destructive native valve infective endocarditis and treat with antibiotics and early cardiac surgery CASE: A 62 year old Caucasianmale with well controlled chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and hypertension presented with progressive dyspnea on exertion. He had noted productive cough, fevers, congestion, shortness of breath and wheezing 2 weeks prior to admission. All the symptoms had resolved except the fevers and shortness of breath that had continued to worsen. The patient said that at baseline he was able to walk about a mile but now walking to the bathroom left him winded. He denied recent travel. His roommate had been sick with him. Vitals showed that he was febrile and bradycardic with normal blood pressure. Physical exam revealed lower extremity edema, crackles at lung bases and a new III/VI systolic murmur at the apex. EKG showed complete heart block. Laboratory studies were significant for leukocytosis. Blood cultures grew 4/4 bottles of GBS. Echo showed a 8×4 mm mobile mass on the mitral valve, possible aortic root abscess with preserved ejection fraction. Coronary angiography was notable for chronic total occlusion of the right coronary artery. He was started on ceftriaxone and gentamicin and a temporary trans-venous pacemaker was placed. DISCUSSION: GBS was long thought of causing infections more commonly in pregnant women and neonates. However now it is increasingly recognized as a cause of bacteremia without a focus, sepsis, soft tissue infections, infectious endocarditis, urinary tract and central nervous system infections in non-pregnant adults. It affects elderly adults more commonly with the case fatality rate for elderly adults being estimated at 15 %. Increased rates of skin, rectum, and pharyngeal carriage are seen in nursing home residents and men who have sex with men. In the pre-antibiotic era,most cases of GBS infective endocarditis were seen in pregnant women usually with prior rheumatic heart disease. At the time mortality rate was almost 100 %. Several recent studies have shown that GBS infective endocarditis now usually occurs in older patients, with a ratio of male to female patients of 1:1. There is an association between GBS infective endocarditis and chronic systemic diseases, such as alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, cancer and HIV infection. GBS infective endocarditis has been compared to staphylococcus endocarditis given it's propensity to infect and rapidly destroy native valves. In one review the incidence of emboli was 50 and 40 % of patients underwent cardiac surgery because of extensive valve destruction. GBS isolates have traditionally been uniformly penicillin-sensitive. However, there is greater penicillin resistance seen with GBS than with group Astreptococcus. Some authors recommend the addition of gentamicin to penicillin or a cephalosporin for at least the first 2 weeks of a 4 to 6 week course of antimicrobial therapy. Data suggests that that early cardiac surgery has improved overall survival rates among more recently treated patients as compared with patients treated in the past. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antibiotic agent ceftriaxone cephalosporin gentamicin penicillin derivative EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) complete heart block endocarditis heart internal medicine society Streptococcus agalactiae EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abscess adult aged alcoholism angiocardiography antimicrobial therapy aorta root bacteremia bacterial endocarditis bath blood culture blood pressure central nervous system infection chronic obstructive lung disease coughing crackle diabetes mellitus dyspnea edema embolism exercise fatality female fever group B streptococcal infection heart ejection fraction heart surgery human Human immunodeficiency virus Human immunodeficiency virus infection hypertension infection laboratory leg leukocytosis liver cirrhosis lung male men who have sex with men mitral valve mortality neoplasm newborn nursing home patient occlusion overall survival pacemaker pathogenesis patient penicillin resistance pregnant woman rectum rheumatic heart disease right coronary artery sepsis skin soft tissue infection Staphylococcus survival rate systemic disease systolic heart murmur travel urinary tract walking wheezing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 46 TITLE Public health nurses' perception of their roles in relation to psychotropic drug use by adolescents: a phenomenographic study AUTHOR NAMES Steffenak A.K. Nordström G. Hartz I. Wilde-Larsson B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steffenak A.K.; Nordström G.; Hartz I.; Wilde-Larsson B.) Faculty of Public Health, Hedmark University College, Elverum, Norway SOURCE Journal of clinical nursing (2015) 24:7-8 (970-979). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2015 ISSN 1365-2702 (electronic) ABSTRACT AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the paper was to describe the perceptions of public health nurses' roles in relation to psychotropic drug use by adolescents.BACKGROUND: Mental health problems among adolescents are documented with studies indicating an increased use of psychotropic drugs. In Norway, care for such adolescents may fall naturally into the remit of public health nurses.DESIGN: A phenomenographic approach was used to analyse the data.METHOD: A qualitative interview study was made of 20 Norwegian public health nurses, strategically chosen using phenomenographic methodology.RESULTS: The public health nurses described three categories: discovering public health nurses who become aware of psychotropic drug use in the health dialogue with adolescents and choose to either act or not act in relation to psychotropic drug use. Those public health nurses who take action are cooperating public health nurses, who cooperate with adolescents, their families, schools and others. If cooperation has been established, supporting public health nurses teach and support the adolescent in relation to psychotropic drug use.CONCLUSION: The public health nurses who do not act can hinder or delay further treatment. Public health nurses need to acquire knowledge about psychotropic drugs, to fulfil their role in nursing mental health problems among adolescents and the increasing use of psychotropic drugs.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results demonstrated that public health nurses, working in health centres and schools, have the responsibility and the opportunity to identify young people struggling with mental health problems and psychotropic drug use as well as teach and support significant others, e.g. parents and siblings. Intervention studies are needed with regard to health promotion programmes aimed at fortifying young people's mental health. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS psychotropic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude nurse attitude psychiatric nursing psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult female human male middle aged Norway nurse qualitative research young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25639291 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25639291) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12716 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 47 TITLE Increasing prehospital emergency medical service interventions for nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Carron P.-N. Dami F. Yersin B. Toppet V. Burnand B. Pittet V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Carron P.-N., pierrenicolas.carron@chuv.ch; Dami F.; Yersin B.) Emergency Department, Lausanne University Hospital, BH 06-428, CHUV Lausanne, Switzerland. (Dami F.) Emergency Medical Services, Dispatch Centre, State of Vaud (Fondation Urgences Santé - 144), Switzerland. (Toppet V.; Burnand B.; Pittet V.) Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.-N. Carron, Emergency Department, Lausanne University Hospital, BH 06-428, CHUV Lausanne, Switzerland. SOURCE Swiss Medical Weekly (2015) 145 Article Number: w14126. Date of Publication: 26 Mar 2015 ISSN 1424-3997 (electronic) 1424-7860 BOOK PUBLISHER EMH Swiss Medical Publishers Ltd., verlag@emh.ch ABSTRACT QUESTION: In the ageing European population, the proportion of interventions by the emergency medical services (EMS) for elderly patients is increasing, but little is known about the recent trend of EMS interventions in nursing homes. The aim of this analysis was to describe the evolution of the incidence of requests for prehospital EMS interventions for nursing home residents aged 65 years and over between 2004 and 2013. METHODS: A prospective population-based register of routinely collected data for each EMS intervention in the Canton of Vaud. Linear time trends of incidence of requests to the EMS in nursing homes were calculated and stratified by age categories. RESULTS: The number of ambulance interventions in nursing homes for people aged 65 years and over (65+) increased by 68.9% (1124?1898) between 2004 and 2013. A significant linear increase of the annual incidence of requests to EMS per 1,000 nursing home residents was found for people aged 65-79 (10.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.2-14.2), 80-89 (16.5, 95% CI 14.0-19.0) and over 90 (12.1, 95% CI 5.8-18.4). EMS interventions in nursing home residents who required an emergency physician increased during the same period by 205.6% (from 106 to 324), representing an increase from 2% to 7% of all emergency physician interventions in the Canton. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirmed an important increase in the incidence of EMS interventions in nursing homes during the last decade, far exceeding the actual increase of the nursing home population during the same period. This evolution represents an important opportunity to reconsider the EMS missions in the context of an ageing society. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency health service nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged ambulance article cardiovascular disease clinical examination coma convulsion drug abuse emergency physician female heart arrest human incidence intoxication major clinical study male nursing home prospective study respiratory distress resuscitation thermal injury EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Anesthesiology (24) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015042832 MEDLINE PMID 25811249 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25811249) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/smw.2015.14126 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 48 TITLE Developing best practices for clinical policies and procedures for supervised injection services within integrated health care settings in Canada AUTHOR NAMES Baltzer Turje R. Payne H.M. McDougall P. Davis M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baltzer Turje R.; Payne H.M.; McDougall P.; Davis M.) Vancouver, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Baltzer Turje, Vancouver, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology (2015) 26 SUPPL. SB (21B). Date of Publication: March-April 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 24th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, CAHR 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Toronto, ON, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2015-04-30 to 2015-05-03 ISSN 1712-9532 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT ISSUES: The importance of integrating health care and harm reduction services, including supervised injection services (SIS), for persons who use illicit drugs has been recognized for over 20 years in Europe and is becoming increasingly well recognized in Canada. Despite this, there is not a standard of best practices for clinical policies and procedures for SIS in integrated health care settings in Canada. DESCRIPTION: Since 2002, the Dr. Peter Centre (DPC) has integrated SIS within a broad range of health care services for people living with HIV in its Day Health Program and 24-hour Specialized Nursing Care Residence. The DPC started the service for its clients after the College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia (CRNBC) confirmed that it was within the scope of nursing practice to supervise injections for the purposes of preventing illness and promoting health. It has evolved to include the interface with other professional disciplines. DPC clinical policies and procedures for SIS include ones which address agreement for services, the parameters of nursing involvement, role of other professional disciplines, counselling and addiction treatment, dealing with emergencies, record-keeping and the disposal of biohazards and controlled substances. LESSONS LEARNED: While DPC clinical policies and protocols were prepared in consultation with the CRNBC to conform to the scope of nursing practice, developing clinical policies and procedures for SIS is a complex process in an environment that engages other professional disciplines in addition to nursing. RECOMMENDATION: A review and evaluation of policies and procedures for health care organizations providing SIS in an integrated setting is needed for the Canadian health care context so that organizations interested in applying for an exemption under Section 56 of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA) can do so with a complete range of policies and procedures that meets best practice standards. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS controlled substance illicit drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Canada Canadian health care injection policy procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction biosafety college consultation counseling diseases emergency environment Europe harm reduction health health care organization health program health service human Human immunodeficiency virus nursing nursing care organization parameters registered nurse scope of practice LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 49 TITLE Psychological distress and lifestyle of students: implications for health promotion AUTHOR NAMES Deasy C. Coughlan B. Pironom J. Jourdan D. Mcnamara P.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Deasy C., christine.deasy@ul.ie) Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland (Coughlan B.) Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland (Pironom J.) Health Education Research Unit, Laboratoire ACTé, ESPE Clermont-Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, 36 Avenue Jean Jaurès CS 20001, Chamalières Cedex 63407, France (Jourdan D.) Department of Education and Professional Studies, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland (Mcnamara P.M.) Department of Education and Professional Studies, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland SOURCE Health promotion international (2015) 30:1 (77-87). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2015 ISSN 1460-2245 (electronic) ABSTRACT Poor diet, physical inactivity, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors for chronic disease and premature mortality. These behaviours are of concern among higher education students and may be linked to psychological distress which is problematic particularly for students on programmes with practicum components such as nursing and teaching. Understanding how risk behaviours aggregate and relate to psychological distress and coping among this population is important for health promotion. This research examined, via a comprehensive survey undergraduate nursing/midwifery and teacher education students' (n = 1557) lifestyle behaviour (Lifestyle Behaviour Questionnaire), self-reported psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire) and coping processes (Ways of Coping Questionnaire). The results showed that health- risk behaviours were common, including alcohol consumption (93.2%), unhealthy diet (26.3%), physical inactivity (26%), tobacco smoking (17%), cannabis use (11.6%) and high levels of stress (41.9%). Students tended to cluster into two groups: those with risk behaviours (n = 733) and those with positive health behaviours (n = 379). The group with risk behaviours had high psychological distress and used mostly passive coping strategies such as escape avoidance. The potential impact on student health and academic achievement is of concern and suggests the need for comprehensive health promotion programmes to tackle multiple behaviours. As these students are the nurses and teachers of the future, their risk behaviours, elevated psychological distress and poor coping also raise concerns regarding their roles as future health educators/promoters. Attention to promotion of health and well-being among this population is essential. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior health behavior lifestyle EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult cannabis addiction (epidemiology, epidemiology) diet drinking behavior female health promotion high risk behavior human Ireland male mental stress motor activity nursing student psychology questionnaire sex ratio smoking statistical model student university young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25315646 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25315646) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dau086 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 50 TITLE Nurses' knowledge of pain management for patients with combat-related traumatic brain injuries on rehabilitation units AUTHOR NAMES Jaimes L.M. Thompson H.J. Landis C.A. Warms C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jaimes L.M.; Thompson H.J.; Landis C.A.; Warms C.A.) Department of Veterans Affairs, Pacific Islands Healthcare System, Honolulu, HI, USA SOURCE Rehabilitation nursing : the official journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses (2015) 40:2 (74-83; quiz 81-3). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2015 ISSN 0278-4807 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to survey nurses' knowledge of pain management for patients with combat-related traumatic brain injuries (TBI).DESIGN/METHODS: A survey was used to collect data regarding nurses' knowledge of pain assessment and management for patients with combat-related TBI. Nurses were invited to participate in the study via email and provided with a link to the electronic survey.FINDINGS: Twenty-five surveys were returned (52% response rate). A total of 76% of nurse respondents perceived that TBI patients over report pain intensity. Only 40% of nurses were able to correctly identify the appropriate medication to treat migraine-type headache pain in TBI patients.CONCLUSION: This study identified gaps in knowledge regarding pain management for patients with combat related TBIs.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses need additional education regarding common pain syndromes, available treatments, and a better understanding of addiction in order to provide optimal care to these patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health nursing organization and management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult analgesia brain injury (rehabilitation) clinical competence complication cross-sectional study female human male middle aged migraine (drug therapy, rehabilitation) multiple trauma (rehabilitation) nursing education pain (etiology, rehabilitation) practice guideline rehabilitation nursing United States war LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24711148 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24711148) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnj.156 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 51 TITLE Quality of nurse-acquired best possible medication history in an ambulatory hemodialysis centre AUTHOR NAMES Zhao L. Chong S. Newman P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zhao L.; Chong S.; Newman P.) Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Zhao, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2015) 68:1 (71). Date of Publication: 2015 CONFERENCE NAME CSHP Professional Practice Conference 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Toronto, ON, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2015-01-31 to 2015-02-04 ISSN 0008-4123 BOOK PUBLISHER Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists ABSTRACT Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are vulnerable to adverse drug events due to complex medication regimens, frequent dose changes, and poor adherence. An accurate best possible medication history (BPMH), obtained during medication reconciliation, can be utilized to identify and resolve drug-related problems. Due to resource limitations, the BPMH is often obtained by nurses in HD centres. Objectives: The primary objective was to compare the accuracy of BPMHs obtained by nurses to pharmacists for HD outpatients at our hospital. Secondary objectives include analysis of BPMH discrepancies, discrepancy severities, identification of process improvements, and evaluation for educational opportunities. Methods: A sample of HD outpatients was randomly selected to be interviewed independently by both a nurse and a pharmacist in a crossover design. BPMHs were manually documented on an existing medication list for each patient and compared following both sets of interviews. Discrepancies between nurse-acquired and pharmacistacquired BPMHs were analyzed. Results: Fifty-nine patients were included in the study; 2 pharmacists and 27 nurses obtained BPMHs. Nurses and pharmacists agreed on 678 of the total 821 medication regimens reviewed (agreement rate = 82.6%). Of the 161 discrepancies identified, the most common type was incorrect frequency (31.7%) followed by incorrect dose (31.1%). The majority (75.3%) of the discrepancies were judged to have no potential to cause harm. However, 24.7% of the discrepancies had the potential to cause moderate to severe discomfort or clinical deterioration. The top three drug classes involved in these potentially harmful discrepancies were anti-diabetics, analgesics, and mineral supplements. Conclusion: Nurses at the hospital HD centre were able to obtain BPMHs with similar accuracy as pharmacists. Continued training on patient interview and BPMH documentation is required to further improve quality of nurse-acquired BPMHs. Education on high risk drug classes is necessary to reduce number of potentially harmful discrepancies. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent mineral EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug therapy hemodialysis human nurse professional practice EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction crossover procedure deterioration diabetes mellitus documentation education hemodialysis patient hospital interview medication therapy management outpatient patient pharmacist risk LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 52 TITLE Impact of a novel inter professional case-based curriculum in adolescent health AUTHOR NAMES Gooding H.C. Ziniel S. Pitts S.A.B. Goncalves A. Emans J. Burke P.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gooding H.C.) Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States. (Ziniel S.; Pitts S.A.B.; Goncalves A.; Emans J.; Burke P.J.) Boston Children's Hospital, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.C. Gooding, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States. SOURCE Journal of Adolescent Health (2015) 56:2 SUPPL. 1 (S41-S42). Date of Publication: February 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2015 Annual Meeting of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, SAHM 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Los Angeles, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-03-18 to 2015-03-21 ISSN 1054-139X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA ABSTRACT Purpose: The Boston Children's Hospital Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) funded Leadership Education in Adolescent Health (LEAH) program trains post-graduate fellows in medicine, nursing, social work, psychology, and nutrition in a unique inter professional environment. In 2012, we transformed a collection of 5 didactic seminars led by uni-disciplinary faculty into a case based curriculum facilitated by multi-disciplinary faculty teams. Core interprofessional concepts such as communication, professionalism, leadership, program development and evaluation, and advocacy were interwoven into six clinical cases designed to teach adolescent/young adult development via common clinical scenarios (eating disorders, teen pregnancy, gay/lesbian/bisexual/ transgender (GLBT) youth issues, HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, and transition for youth with special health care needs). Each case evolved over four weekly half-day sessions. Methods: We formally assessed the impact of the new program in AY13-14. Seven fellows completed a 4-item pre- and post-case questionnaire for each clinical case scenario that assessed confidence with assessment and diagnosis, comfort with counseling skills, and ability to devise a treatment plan, along with an assessment of their understanding of the role of their colleagues in the care of each clinical issue. These 4 items were assessed with 4-point Likert scales (1=poor, 4=best). Fellows also completed the 19-item Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS, range 0-90) and the 12-item Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS, range 0-72) at the beginning, middle, and end of the academic year. Finally, all fellows completed a 15-minute semistructured interview at the conclusion of the year. Results: Mean scores for confidence with assessment and diagnosis and comfort counseling adolescents increased for all six clinical cases, with the greatest gains for eating disorders and substance abuse. Mean scores for self-assessed ability to devise a treatment plan also increased, with the largest increments for HIV/ AIDS and transitional care. Mean ratings regarding understanding the role of other providers on the interprofessional team also increased for each clinical case. Mean scores on the RIPLS were similar at all three time points (pre: 81.7 [SD 6.0], mid: 82.6 [SD 8.1], post: 83.9 [SD 5.6]), although significant gains were seen for the nursing and nutrition fellows. Mean scores on the IEPS were also similar at all three time points (pre: 60.9 [SD 6.7], mid: 61.7 [SD 5.9], post: 63.5 [SD 3.8]) although significant gains were seen for the nursing and medical fellows. In semi-structured interviews, fellows highlighted the value of learning unique approaches to each case from their colleagues. Conclusions: An interprofessional case-based curriculum can increase comfort and confidence with common adolescent health scenarios as well as self-rated ability to manage these issues. While validated measures of readiness for interprofessional learning and teamwork did not improve during the course of our curriculum for most participants, this was likely due to high scores at baseline. Understanding of colleagues' roles in specific clinical scenarios did increase, and fellows valued the opportunity to learn in interprofessional teams with role-modeling from interprofessional faculty. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent health curriculum society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acquired immune deficiency syndrome adolescent adult child health comfort counseling diagnosis eating disorder education environment female graduate health care need health program human interdisciplinary education interpersonal communication juvenile laryngeal mask leadership learning Likert scale model nursing nutrition pediatric hospital pregnancy professionalism program development psychology questionnaire semi structured interview skill social work substance abuse teamwork transgender United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.10.084 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 53 TITLE Annual Assembly of the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine and the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association: Education Schedule With Abstracts 2015 AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (2015) 49:2. Date of Publication: February 2015 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Assembly of the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine and the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Philadelphia, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2015-02-25 to 2015-02-28 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT The proceedings contain 286 papers. The topics discussed include: morphine or oxycodone for cancer-related pain? a randomized, open-label, controlled trial; the role of central and peripheral muscle fatigue in postcancer fatigue: a randomized controlled trial; an important but stressful part of their future work: medical students' attitudes to palliative care throughout their course; the frequency of alcoholism in patients with advanced cancer admitted to an acute palliative care unit and a home care program; comparison of ECOG/WHO performance status and ASA score as a measure of functional status; screening for depression in advanced disease: psychometric properties, sensitivity, and specificity of two items of the palliative care outcome scale (POS); quality of palliative care for patients with advanced cancer in a community consortium; and precision pharmacopalliation: a no-nonsense, boots-on-the-ground approach to medication management at the end of life. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS morphine oxycodone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American education hospice human nurse palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accuracy advanced cancer alcoholism community controlled study fatigue functional status home care medical student medication therapy management muscle fatigue neoplasm pain patient randomized controlled trial randomized controlled trial (topic) screening sensitivity and specificity shoe LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 54 TITLE Safety measures of high-alert medications in paediatrics hospital AUTHOR NAMES Bataille J. Prot-Labarthe S. Bourdon O. Joret P. Brion F. Hartmann J.-F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bataille J.; Prot-Labarthe S.; Bourdon O.; Joret P.; Brion F.) Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France. (Bataille J.; Joret P.) Pharmacie Clinique, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. (Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Laboratoire Educations et Pratiques de santé, Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, France. (Hartmann J.-F.) Coordonnateur de la Gestion des Risques AssociéS Aux Soins, CLIN/CVRiS, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Bataille, Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France. SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:1 (233). Date of Publication: February 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 43rd ESCP International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy Patient Safety: Bridging the Gaps CONFERENCE LOCATION Copenhagen, Denmark CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-22 to 2014-10-24 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers ABSTRACT Background and objective: High-alert medications are drugs associated with the highest risk of injury when they are misused. Paediatric population itself is at high risk of drug misuse. In a previous study, a list of 17 high-alert medications was identifying in our department. The aim of this study is to identify the list of safety measures to reduce errors on high-alert medications use process. Setting and method: A three-step process was set: (1) literature review, (2) electronic survey sent to clinicians (seniors and residents), nurses and pharmacists working in a paediatric hospital. The participants were asked to select safety measures from the list constructed from the literature search and to suggest other measures for the use of high-alert medications. (3) A consensus staff approved a list of safety measures for the hospital with a prioritization of action. Main outcome measures: Obtain a list of paediatric measures to secure highalert medications process. Results: The review of literature identified 69 safety measures. The response rate to the survey was 20 % and nurses were the most represented category (64 %). Survey participants suggested improvement to safety measures in the following areas: incident reporting, drug administration protocol, clear and accessible information about medications, and double-checking implementation. The consensus list was composed of 53 measures. Several working groups are created to set up these projects. Some high-alert medications are daily used, for example insulin in endocrinology and anaesthetics in operating rooms. The medical staff working in these departments is not bound to implement the complete measures, but these exceptions are notified on the protocol. 26 % of these measures are already set up. Conclusions: We proposed additional safety measures to prevent medication errors associated with high-alert medications. These measures addressed human, technical, organizational, and environmental factors such as information sheets for each high-alert medications, development and standardization of safety procedures and identification of high-alert medications in stockrooms at the pharmacy and the health care units. The implementation of these measures in paediatric hospital should help to prevent medication errors, and subsequent studies will be carried out to confirm their effectiveness. The outcomes expected are a reduction of medications errors, an increase of reporting incidents of errors and nearly errors. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anesthetic agent insulin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy drug therapy hospital human patient safety pediatrics safety EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS consensus drug administration drug misuse endocrinology environmental factor health care injury medical staff medication error nurse operating room pediatric hospital pharmacist pharmacy population procedures risk standardization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0039-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 55 TITLE Differences in the knowledge and attitudes between students of technical and nursing studies towards alcohol and alcoholism ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Znanja i stavovi studenata o alkoholu i alkoholizmu AUTHOR NAMES Malčić T. Slijepčević M.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Malčić T., malcic.tena@gmail.com; Slijepčević M.K.) Technical College in Bjelovar, Study in Nursing, Bjelovar, Croatia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Malčić, Slavonska cesta 44, Bjelovar, Croatia. Email: malcic.tena@gmail.com SOURCE Alcoholism (2015) 51:1 (15-30). Date of Publication: 2015 ISSN 1330-6170 (electronic) 0002-502X BOOK PUBLISHER Center for Study and Control of Alcoholism and Addictions, alcoholism@kbsm.hr ABSTRACT Alcoholism is the most common type of addictive behavior. Every year the age limit is pushed and more and more young people reach for alcohol. The problem of excessive drinking and alcoholism in Croatia is one of the leading problems in public health. The research conducted at Technical College in Bjelovar, on the sample of 141 students in nursing and mechatronics, about their habits, knowledge and attitude towards alcohol led to the results that show notable difference between those two study programs. Students filled out an anonymous online survey that included 39 questions related to the socioeconomic status of the individual, drinking habits, knowledge about alcohol and students’ attitudes towards alcohol and alcoholism. The given results showed more positive attitude towards alcohol and higher tendency of irresponsible behavior by students of Mechatronics. It is noticed that students have negative attitude towards alcohol only if they consume it under the influence of society. Alcohol consumption under the peer influence leads to more negative attitude towards alcoholics among nursing students, while mechatronics students have a positive attitude. All in all, nursing students have positive attitude towards those suffering from alcoholism and they are willing to work with them whereas it is not the case among mechatronics students. The negative attitude towards alcoholics, tendency to consumption and little knowledge of consequences of consuming alcohol can be justified by high tolerance of our society towards consumption of alcohol, absence of effective program of addiction prevention and quality education of all study programs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism knowledge nursing student student attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption article Croatia drinking behavior female health survey human male normal human peer pressure social aspect social status CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, unknown EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 20160193676 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 56 TITLE Assessing stigma towards drug users among health care providers AUTHOR NAMES Albizu C.E. Caraballo J.N. Caraballo-Correa G. Santiago S. Mendez A. Rivera-Suazo S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Albizu C.E.; Caraballo J.N.; Caraballo-Correa G.; Santiago S.; Mendez A.; Rivera-Suazo S.) University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.E. Albizu, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e204). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Stigma involves disapproval and discrimination of individuals with a discrediting mark. Negative beliefs about patients may influence decisions made by treatment providers resulting in suboptimal care. Assessing the impact of stigma and contribution to health disparities requires valid measures of drug abuse stigma in health professionals. We report the need for stigma research in treatment, the adaptation and validation of a stigma measure for providers translated from English to Spanish, and correlates of stigma, in a sample of Puerto Rican health profession students and practicing professionals. Methods: Anonymous questionnaire was administered to 474 grad students and 186 practicing professionals in Medicine, Nursing, Psychology, and Social Work in Puerto Rico. Data was collected for socio-demographic variables and experiences with individuals with substance use disorder. A translation and adaptation of the Community Attitudes towards Substance Abuse (CASA) scale developed by researchers at U of Nevada Reno was included. Rasch analysis was conducted with each dimension of the CASA scale as sub-tests and bivariate analysis to explore the correlates of stigma. Results: The data fit the Rasch model. Stigma varied significantly by discipline. All scores fluctuated slightly under the midpoint of the scale. Higher scores were obtained for nurses, followed by physicians, psychologists, and social workers (p < .01). Stigma levels remained stable between students and professionals within disciplines. Stigma was significantly associated to drug use problem among patients in professional' practice (p < .03) and among relatives (p < .02). Conclusions: CASA is a valid instrument that can be used for Latino and English speaking providers to further research on stigma. Stigma in this sample does not change with academic progress or experience in the workforce suggesting that academic and professional training on countering stigma is either absent or ineffective. Implications for professional training, for theory building and for the research on the impact of stigma in clinical care will be discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence drug use health care personnel human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptation bivariate analysis community drug abuse health health disparity health practitioner Hispanic nurse nursing occupation patient physician professional practice psychologist psychology Puerto Rican Puerto Rico questionnaire Rasch analysis scientist social work social worker speech student substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.024 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 57 TITLE Nurses' screening and referral behaviors and opinions about brief interventions before and after implementation of Project Engage AUTHOR NAMES Pecoraro A. Mooney R. Horton T. Woody G.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pecoraro A.; Woody G.E.) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. (Mooney R.; Horton T.) Christiana Hospital, Christiana, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Pecoraro, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e66). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Project Engage (PE), implemented at Christiana Hospital in DE in 2013, is a brief intervention to engage non-trauma patients presenting with a variety of medical problems and found to have drug/alcohol problems in substance abuse treatment. Describe any changes in Emergency Department (ED) nurses' screening and referral behaviors and attitudes about the efficacy of brief engagement interventions subsequent to program implementation. Methods: 37 nurses completed an online survey shortly before and 6 months after implementation. They also received a brief orientation to PE. Results: Repeated measures t-tests revealed significant prepost improvements in: screening for drug problems (t(35) = 3.08, p = .004); referral to peer counselors for alcohol problems (t(23) = 3.54, pp= .002) and drug problems (t(22) = 3.12, p = .005); and opinion of the effectiveness of brief interventions to help patients cut down/quit substances (t(33) = 3.40, p = .002) and get into substance abuse treatment (t(32) = 4.54, p = .000). There was no significantly significant increase in screening for alcohol problems, since those screening rates were high before PE's implementation. Conclusions: Nurses' opinions and support are vital to program success. These data demonstrate that nurses' screening and referral behaviors and opinions on the effectiveness of brief engagement interventions may improve subsequent to program implementation. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence human nurse screening EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug abuse emergency ward hospital injury patient Student t test substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.548 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 58 TITLE Cognitive-behavioral therapy and educational counseling for chronic pain and opioid dependence AUTHOR NAMES Barry D.T. Cutter C.J. Beitel M. Liong C. Schottenfeld R.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Barry D.T.; Cutter C.J.; Beitel M.; Schottenfeld R.S.) Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States. (Barry D.T.; Cutter C.J.; Beitel M.; Liong C.) APT Foundation Pain Treatment Services, New Haven, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.T. Barry, Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e218-e219). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: To examine the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and educational counseling (EC)-the educational component of CBT augmented by additional psychoeducation on chronic pain and addiction-for co-occurring chronic low-back pain and opioid dependence (POD). Methods: 90 POD patients received a standard protocol of buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NLX) and were assigned to: physician management (PM) alone, consisting of six 10-15 min medically focused sessions; PM plus psychologist-delivered CBT (10 sessions over 12 weeks); or PM plus nurse-delivered EC (10 sessions over 12 weeks). Primary outcomes were pain interference, pain intensity, and percentage of opioid-negative urines. Results: The majority were men (68%), Caucasian (89%), and never married (60%). Completion rates (>90%) and PM attendance (mean of 5.6 of 6 planned sessions) did not vary across conditions. There was a significant overall decrease in average pain interference from 4.6 at baseline to 3.4 at month 3 (p < .05) and a significant interaction between condition and time (p < .05), favoring PM plus CBT or EC over PM alone: The mean (SD) reductions in pain interference (scored on 0-10 scales) in the CBT, EC, and PM alone groups were 1.7 (1.7), 1.4 (1.6), and 0.6 (1.6), respectively. Pain intensity decreased over time (p < .05) but did not differ by group nor was there a significant interaction with group by time. Overall, the proportion of urine samples indicating nonmedical opioid use decreased from 100% at baseline to 31% (95% CI 23-40%) at month 1, 36% (95% CI 27-46%) at month 2, and 39% (95% CI 30-50%) at month 3. Covarying for nonmedical opioid use during BUP/NLX induction, there was a significant interaction between counseling and time (p < .05): reductions from baseline were sustained in both CBT and EC groups, while nonmedical opioiduse increased in the PM alone group. Conclusions: Our findings support the efficacy of PM enhanced by CBT or EC for patients with POD treated with BUP/NLX. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS buprenorphine plus naloxone opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain cognitive therapy college counseling drug dependence opiate addiction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction Caucasian human low back pain male married person nurse pain pain intensity patient physician psychoeducation psychologist urinalysis urine LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.062 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 59 TITLE Responsible opioid use AUTHOR NAMES Compton P. Weaver M.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Compton P., pcompton@georgetown.edu) School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, United States. (Weaver M.F.) Center for Neurobehavioral Research on Addictions, University of Texas, Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Compton, Georgetown University, School of Nursing and Health Studies, 3700 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy (2015) 29:2 (166-168). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2015 ISSN 1536-0539 (electronic) 1536-0288 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare, healthcare.enquiries@informa.com ABSTRACT Editor's Note The journal is delighted to introduce a new feature in this issue that focuses on the complex and multifaceted issue of managing pain and related symptoms while responsibly attending to minimizing substance abuse. How should the seemingly disparate disciplines of drug abuse and symptom control interact? Should these be two separate fields or should practitioners/investigators in one also be qualified in the other? Is that even feasible? We are honored to have two leading, academically based clinician scientists coordinating this new feature. Peggy Compton is Professor and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at the School of Nursing & Health Studies, Georgetown University in Washington, DC. Many readers know of Peggy's work from her years on the faculty of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Peggy brings both clinical and scientific addictionology expertise as well as the invaluable perspective of nursing to this arena. Her collaborator is Michael F. Weaver. Mike is Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Medical Director of the Center for Neurobehavioral Research on Addictions, at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston. Prior to moving to Texas, Dr. Weaver became internationally known for his work in addiction medicine at the Medical College of Virginia. We look forward to detailed explorations of many interacting issues in symptom control and substance abuse in the articles featured in this new journal feature in coming issues. The commentary below, the article by Kanouse and Compton, the Issue Brief issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and my editorial, all of which appear in this journal issue, introduce the new feature, which I am confident will make valuable contributions to the pain management and substance abuse literature. Arthur G. Lipman, Editor ABSTRACT Abusers of prescription opioids represent two distinct populations: those who develop addiction via opioids prescribed for pain, and those for whom prescription opioids represent a primary drug of abuse. Regardless of the pathway to abuse, outcomes for patients with untreated opioid addiction are poor, and consideration of the contextual factors surrounding their problematic use is critical to effective treatment. Reviewed are patterns of prescription opioid abuse among particularly vulnerable populations in underserved rural communities, and in an effort to prevent problematic use, principles of responsible opioid prescription for chronic pain are outlined so as to decrease the risk for developing addiction. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analgesia chronic pain human opiate addiction review rural population substance abuse vulnerable population CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015152037 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15360288.2015.1037522 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 60 TITLE A pilot specialty jail diversion program for justice-involved veterans with co-occurring disorders AUTHOR NAMES Smelson D. Pinals D.A. Sawh L. Fulwiler C. Singer S. O'Connor K. Fisher W. Hartwell S. Gonzalez G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smelson D.; Sawh L.) Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, United States. (Smelson D.; Pinals D.A.; Sawh L.; Fulwiler C.; Singer S.; O'Connor K.; Gonzalez G.) University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, United States. (Pinals D.A.) Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, Boston, United States. (Sawh L.; Fisher W.) University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, United States. (Hartwell S.) University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Smelson, Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e101). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: To describe MISSION DIRECT-VET (MDV), a jail diversion program for justice-involved veterans with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders (COD) and present the baseline service needs of program participants. Methods: MDV is a 12-month wraparound intervention delivered by case manager and peer support specialist teams in four Massachusetts courts. This pilot enrolled 90 veterans who completed baseline assessments which included the ASI-Lite, BASIS 24, PCL-C, and NOMS. Results: The sample was predominantly male (96%), Caucasian (87%) and completed some college (50%). The average age was 40, over half served in Iraq/Afghanistan (58%), most were in the Army or Marines (83%), nearly half were less than honorably discharged from the military (48%). and had an average of four prior incarcerations. Participants reported use of alcohol (52%), marijuana (18%), or cocaine (12.2%) in the 30 days before their most recent arrest while 54% of the sample reported little or no difficulty managing their daily tasks and 48% reported little or no difficulty coping with problems in the two weeks prior to baseline. Many of the participants reported a history of inpatient substance abuse (61%) and/or mental health treatment (44%) prior to entering MDV. Additional baseline needs/risk data will be included in the presentation. Conclusions: MDVis one of the first veteran-centric programs in Massachusetts designed to divert veterans from jail into treatment. These findings have the potential to guide development of other diversion programs to meet the needs of justice-involved veterans including future Veterans Treatment Courts. An evaluation of the MDV program is underway and MISSION-Criminal Justice Treatment Manuals have been developed to assist with model fidelity and replication. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol cannabis cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college diseases drug dependence human justice prison veteran EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS army book case manager Caucasian coping behavior criminal justice hospital patient male medical specialist mental health model peer group substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.641 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 61 TITLE Educational audit on drug dose calculation learning in a tanzanian school of nursing AUTHOR NAMES Savage A.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage A.R., asavage@sjut.ac.tz) St John’s University of Tanzania, Tanzania. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.R. Savage, St John’s University of Tanzania, P O Box 47, Dodoma, Tanzania. SOURCE African Health Sciences (2015) 15:2 (647-655). Date of Publication: 2015 ISSN 1680-6905 BOOK PUBLISHER Makerere University, Medical School, pic@infocom.co.ug ABSTRACT Background: Patient safety is a key concern for nurses; ability to calculate drug doses correctly is an essential skill to prevent and reduce medication errors. Literature suggests that nurses’ drug calculation skills should be monitored. Objective: The aim of the study was to conduct an educational audit on drug dose calculation learning in a Tanzanian school of nursing. Specific objectives were to assess learning from targeted teaching, to identify problem areas in performance and to identify ways in which these problem areas might be addressed. Methods: A total of 268 registered nurses and nursing students in two year groups of a nursing degree programme were the subjects for the audit; they were given a pretest, then four hours of teaching, a post-test after two weeks and a second post-test after eight weeks. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in correct answers in the first post-test, but none between the first and second post-tests. Particular problems with drug calculations were identified by the nurses/students, and the teacher; these identified problems were not congruent. Conclusion: Further studies in different settings using different methods of teaching, planned continuing education for all qualified nurses, and appropriate pass marks for students in critical skills are recommended. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dose calculation learning medical audit nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arithmetic article clinical education controlled study division education program human medical error multiplication nursing student pretest posttest control group design problem identification registered nurse Tanzanian teacher EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015082339 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v15i2.44 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 62 TITLE Brief tools for pediatricians to screen 9- to 12-year-olds in need of prevention for substance use disorder AUTHOR NAMES Ridenour T. Reynolds M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ridenour T.) Research Triangle Institute, Allison Park, United States. (Ridenour T.; Reynolds M.D.) University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Ridenour, Research Triangle Institute, Allison Park, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e80-e81). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Healthcare-based prevention of substance use disorder (SUD) has been a policy for American Academy of Pediatrics for decades; the Affordable Care Act also supports such programs. Two previously-validated and computerized tools, parent-report Transmissible Liability Index (TLI) and child-report Risk Index (RI), will be acceptable to patients, their parents and pediatric staff and provide clinical utility when used during well child check-ups. Methods: Following informed consent and child assent, while waiting for a physician in the exam room, parents and patients completed the TLI and RI, respectively. Nurses also invited parents to participate in a follow-up interview. Of 258 records scanned for eligibility (patients of 17 pediatricians within 3 practices), 106 parent-child dyads were recruited by nurses to complete the TLI and a RI prototype; 41.9% of patients were girls, 55.7% were African- American, 44.3% were Caucasian, and their mean age = 10.3 years (SD = 2.0). Results: TLIs took a mean 5.3 min (range = 4.3-7.4); prototype RIs took a mean 5.1 min (range = 2.3-10.1). Parents and patients rated the screening protocol very positively. E.g., over 93% of parents reported they want pediatricians to use the screening tools; 96.6% reported that if the screening indicated their child needed prevention, they would seek help through a physician's referral. Pediatricians and office staff also viewed the protocol positively, patient flow was not disrupted, and medical staff agreed to assist in further development of a screening and referral protocol. Scores on both indexes correlated with substance use, conduct disorder, health behaviors that concern pediatricians (e.g., wearing a helmet while riding a bike) and many case-conceptualization measures used with the Family Check-Up prevention program. Conclusions: The TLI/RI screening protocol fits pediatric well child check-up logistics, is acceptable, and provides clinical utility as a screening tool for healthcare-based SUD prevention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence human pediatrician prevention substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS African American American Caucasian child conduct disorder female follow up girl health behavior health care helmet informed consent interview medical staff nurse parent patient pediatrics physician policy risk screening substance use LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.588 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 63 TITLE Partnership in wellness and recovery: An evidencebased practice for family psycho-education AUTHOR NAMES Vaishnav R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vaishnav R., r_d_vaishnav@yahoo.com) Supportive Housing in Peel, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Vaishnav, Supportive Housing in Peel, Canada. Email: r_d_vaishnav@yahoo.com SOURCE Indian Journal of Psychiatry (2015) 57:5 SUPPL. 1 (S184-S185). Date of Publication: January 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 67th Annual National Conference of the Indian Psychiatric Society, ANCIPS 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hyderabad, India CONFERENCE DATE 2015-01-08 to 2015-01-11 ISSN 0019-5545 BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications ABSTRACT Background: This workshop will be based on the significance of Family Psycho-education as a key component of recovery in the mental health profession. The author will share her own success in developing a unique support group for the family members of individuals who are diagnosed with complex psychiatric illness. As a part of a professional role as a Social Worker of an Assertive Community Treatment Team, the author was involved in promoting and implementing projects to increase awareness and understanding of family members and assisting them with enhancing their coping skills to deal with the issues of complex care. This psycho-educational family support group was able to create a safe environment where members had an opportunity to share and exchange their ideas and discuss the challenges in care. Sessions were developed to incorporate the unique needs of family members to manage the complex illness of their loved-ones and become better partners in their wellness. This group was conducted annually and represented by the family members from diverse communities of Canada. Members who attended the series of 10 workshops gained information on various diagnoses, treatment modalities, and community resources. Members had an opportunity to share and exchange their ideas with others, learn new coping skills, and improve their problem solving and crisis management skills. Members were given an opportunity to interact with the professionals from different disciplines of ACT throughout the series. This group was able to create a foundation for a future support network for family members. As Recovery encompasses personal, emotional, physical, social, vocational and spiritual aspects of an individual who is being recovered, the most essential components of this complex process can be: Clinical care, hope, support from family members, community involvement, empowerment, access to resources, a healthy life style, positive interpersonal relationships, motivation and encouragement. In the absence of these elements it becomes almost impossible for an individual to reach the last stage of recovery which is a stage of Interdependence/ awareness where the individual relies on self and others in a mutual exchange of beneficial support, services and resources. The author intends to focus on how family members can become a better partner in the process of Recovery. In the ANCIPS workshop, the author will make a presentation on the summary of the Evidence-based Psycho-educational Support Group which will include information on the conception of group, outreach, contents of workshops, results of pre and post questionnaire and feedback summaries. The author will also provide information on the ACT Model which is a unique service delivery system implemented in over 4 major countries of the world. Target Audience: Social Workers, Addiction Specialists, Occupational Therapists, Peer Support Specialists, Registered Nurses in Psychiatric Sectors, Mental Health Clinicians, Family Members of Patients, Researchers, Psychiatrists Learning Outcomes: • Participants will learn about the ACTT model and how it helps to establish partnership and collaboration in multidisciplinary teams. • Participants who are mental health professionals will learn about the benefits of providing evidence-based services to families. • Participants who are mental health professionals will learn how to formulate a unique support group for families and significant others. • Participants who are mental health professionals will learn about the partnership in wellness and recovery. • Participants who are family members will learn about the significance of education and awareness around treatment and how to foster recovery. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education evidence based practice Indian medical society wellbeing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction Canada community coping behavior diagnosis diseases empowerment environment feedback system group therapy health care delivery health practitioner hope human human relation laryngeal mask learning lifestyle medical specialist mental disease mental health model motivation non profit organization occupation occupational therapist patient peer group problem solving professional standard psychiatrist questionnaire registered nurse scientist skill social worker support group vocation workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 64 TITLE Change of suicidality among heroin users: 1 month after methadone maintenance treatment AUTHOR NAMES Wang S.-C. Huang C.-L. Wang N.Y. Chan C.-H. Liu Y.-L. Chen C.-Y. Ho I.-K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wang S.-C.; Liu Y.-L.) Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. (Huang C.-L.; Wang N.Y.; Ho I.-K.) China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. (Chen C.-Y.) National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. (Chan C.-H.) Taoyuan Mental Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.-C. Wang, Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e17). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Suicide is a leading cause of death among heroin users. Factors affecting suicidality during treatment remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the heroin users' suicidality before and after 1 month of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Factors associated with change in suicidality were also explored. Methods: A total of 597 newly admitted MMT patients were recruited from 8 hospitals located in the northern and mid-Taiwan. Demographics, and history of substance abuse and treatment were obtained from medical records. Suicidality was assessed by research nurses using suicidality module of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). After the first month of MMT, subjects retained in treatment were re-assessed for their suicidality. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the factors linked to change in suicidality during the first month of MMT. Results: Among the 389 patients with suicidality reassessment, 83 (21.3%) improved, and 58 (14.9%) worsened or had no improvement for their suicide risk. Contrast to the 248 subjects with no suicidality during the past 1 month of MMT, those with no improvement were significantly associated with no full-time job (e.g., part-time job: OR= 6.0, p < 0.001; unemployed: OR= 7.5, p < 0.001), financial difficulty (e.g., loan from others: OR= 2.6, p < 0.01; social welfare support: OR= 13.0, p < 0.01), HIV-infected (OR = 2.8, p < 0.01), and recent use of methamphetamine (OR = 1.1, p < 0.01). On the other hand, the improving group was significantly associated with HIV-infected (OR = 2.1, p < 0.05), and use of antidepressant before MMT (OR = 3.3, p < 0.01) relative to those with no suicidality during the past month. Conclusions: The MMT will help heroin users to reduce suicide risk. However, service providers should pay attention to those with problems of unemployment, financial difficulty and concomitant use of other illicit drugs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) diamorphine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent illicit drug methamphetamine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence maintenance therapy methadone treatment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS cause of death hospital human Human immunodeficiency virus logistic regression analysis medical record mini international neuropsychiatric interview nurse patient risk social welfare substance abuse suicide Taiwan unemployment work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.726 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 65 TITLE Factors affecting smoking status of nursing students and their addiction levels AUTHOR NAMES Yiğitalp G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yiğitalp G., gyigitalp@dicle.edu.tr) Department of Nursing, Dicle University Atatürk Health High School, Diyarbakır, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Yiğitalp, Dicle Üniversitesi Atatürk Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Diyarbakır, Turkey. SOURCE Turk Toraks Dergisi (2015) 16:3 (121-127). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2015 ISSN 1308-5387 (electronic) 1302-7808 BOOK PUBLISHER AVES Ibrahim Kara, 105/9 Buyukdere Cad, Mecidiyekoy,Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey. info@avesyayincilik.com ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine the smoking habits of students of Atatürk Health College of Dicle University and the factors affecting them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed between April 15 and 19, 2013. The selection of sampling was not conducted, since the whole study population included. Of 400 registered students, 326 (81.5%) were included. For collecting data, a questionnaire form designed by the researcher and Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence for determining the addiction level were applied. Percentage calculation was used for analyzing data, and chi-square test was employed for evaluating the relationship between the variables. RESULTS: The mean age of students was 21.4±2.3 years. Of them, 12.3% still smoked and 4% had quit. Of the smokers, 21.9% were males and 3.5% were females. Of the smokers, 67.5% stated that they tried to quit smoking and 72.5% replied that they thought of quitting smoking in the future. It was found that 47.5% of the students smoked 11–20 cigarettes a day. Of the students who still smoked and who had quitted, 47.2% had begun to smoke at the age of 10–15 years. As the cause for smoking initiation, 50.9% of the students revealed stress, difficulties, and sadness and 35.8% revealed the effect of a friend. A statistically significant difference was found between smoking habit and age, gender, class, and the presence of smokers among close friends (p<0.05). Moreover, it was detected that 35% of the students were over dependent. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of smoking among the youth is high. To decrease smoking prevalence, the reasons for smoking initiation should be investigated and some precautions should be taken before the university age, and they should be continued during the university education. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing student smoking tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study disease severity emotional stress female groups by age human male questionnaire scoring system smoking cessation young adult CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015166958 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/ttd.2015.4357 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 66 TITLE Body mass index in school-aged children and the risk of routinely diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adulthood: a prospective study based on the Copenhagen School Health Records Register AUTHOR NAMES Zimmermann E. Gamborg M. Holst C. Baker J.L. Sørensen T.I. Berentzen T.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zimmermann E.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark (Gamborg M.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark (Holst C.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark (Baker J.L.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark Section on Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (Sørensen T.I.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark Section on Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Denmark MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol University, Bristol, UK (Berentzen T.L.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark SOURCE BMJ open (2015) 5:4 (e006998). Date of Publication: 2015 ISSN 2044-6055 (electronic) ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The relation between childhood overweight and adult non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is largely unknown. We investigated if weight and weight gain in childhood increases the risk of being diagnosed with NAFLD in routine clinical settings in adulthood.PARTICIPANTS: We studied 244,464 boys and girls, born between 1930 and 1989, who attended school in Copenhagen, Denmark. Their heights and weights were measured by physicians or nurses at mandatory school health examinations at ages 7-13 years. Body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated from an internal age-specific and sex-specific reference.OUTCOME MEASURES: NAFLD reported in the National Patient Register and the National Register of Pathology at 18 years of age or older. HRs with 95% CIs were estimated.RESULTS: During follow-up, 1264 and 1106 NAFLD cases, respectively, occurred in men and women. In both sexes, childhood BMI z-score was not consistently associated with adult NAFLD. Change in BMI z-score between 7 and 13 years of age was positively associated with NAFLD in both sexes. When adjusted for BMI z-score at age 7  years, the HRs of adult NAFLD were 1.15 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.26) and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.23) per 1-unit gain in BMI z-score in men and women, respectively. Associations were similar when adjusted for BMI z-score at age 13 years, and were consistent across birth years.CONCLUSIONS: A BMI gain in school-aged children is associated with adult NAFLD. Intriguingly, BMI gain appears to have an effect on adult NAFLD irrespective of either the initial or the attained BMI. Taken together, our results suggest that BMI gain in childhood, rather than the level of BMI per se, is important in the development of adult NAFLD. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) body mass weight gain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged body height child childhood obesity cohort analysis complication Denmark female human incidence male middle aged nonalcoholic fatty liver (epidemiology, etiology) obesity prospective study risk factor school health service very elderly young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25941179 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25941179) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006998 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 67 TITLE Depot naltrexone as relapse prevention for opioid-dependent parolees AUTHOR NAMES O'Brien C.P. Friedmann P.D. Nunes E. Lee J.D. Kinlock T.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Brien C.P.) Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. (Friedmann P.D.) Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hosp, Providence, United States. (Nunes E.) Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, United States. (Lee J.D.) Psychiatry, New York University, New York, United States. (Kinlock T.W.) Addiction, Friends Medical Research, Baltimore, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.P. O'Brien, Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e54-e55). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Determine whether depot naltrexone is safe and effective to prevent relapse in parolees with opioid use disorder. All were volunteers, not referred by parole officers. Effectiveness was evaluated by randomly assigning parolees to 6 monthly naltrexone injections or treatment as usual (TAU) without medication. Methods: All patients met DSM-IV criteria for opioid dependence. 308 parolees were randomized and 290 are now eligible for 6-month follow up. The naltrexone group received 6 monthly injections of 380mg and a monthly visit with a nurse. The parolees randomized to TAU received help in joining a community counseling program. Outcomes were measured by urine tests and self-report. Results: Retention rates in treatment at 27, 52, and 78 weeks were 64%, 58% and 54% for the TAU group and 66%, 54% and 52% for the naltrexone group. Urine tests were examined at 27, 52 and 78 weeks and with pooled data from all 5 sites, there were significantly fewer opioid positive urines in the naltrexone group (p < .0001 for the pooled analysis). The rate of positive opioids for TAU was 3.36 times higher than that for naltrexone. No significant difference was found for other drugs. There were 2 opioid overdoses in the TAU group and none in the naltrexone group. There were 4 deaths from all causes in the TAU group and 2 deaths in the naltrexone group unrelated to medication. Conclusions: A monthly injection of depot naltrexone significantly reduced opioid relapse in parolees. Six-month retention was similar in the two groups. Serious adverse events including opioid overdose occurred less often in the group receiving naltrexone (18 naltrexone vs. 43 for TAU). In this interim analysis, depot naltrexone was found to be both safe and effective in reducing the rate of relapse to opioid use. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) naltrexone opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence prevention relapse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS community counseling death diseases drug therapy follow up human injection intoxication nurse opiate addiction patient self report urinalysis urine volunteer LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.519 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 68 TITLE Effects of extended release tramadol on cigarette smoking during opioid withdrawal AUTHOR NAMES Lofwall M.R. Babalonis S. Bennett L. Nuzzo P.A. Walsh S.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lofwall M.R.; Babalonis S.; Walsh S.L.) Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine (UK COM), Lexington, United States. (Lofwall M.R.; Walsh S.L.) Psychiatry, UK COM, Lexington, United States. (Lofwall M.R.; Babalonis S.; Nuzzo P.A.; Walsh S.L.) Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, UK COM, Lexington, United States. (Bennett L.) Anesthesiology, UK COM, Lexington, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Lofwall, Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine (UK COM), Lexington, United States. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e183). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: ER tramadol has a metabolite (M1) with modest opioid agonist activity and is under investigation as a treatment for opioid withdrawal. Opioid agonists have been shown to increase cigarette (cig) smoking. The aim was to evaluate the effects of ER tramadol on cig smoking during opioid withdrawal. Methods: This is a secondary analysis from an inpatient, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Eligibility criteria included: 18-55 years old, short-acting prescription opioid use >20 of the last 30 days, meeting DSM-IV criteria for current opioid dependence, and daily cig smoking. The day after admission, subjects were randomly assigned to oral placebo or ER tramadol (200 or 600mgdaily) for 7 days and allowed to smoke their preferred brand of cigs ad lib. Breakthrough withdrawal medications were available for all subjects. Outcomes collected daily were: (1) subject and nursing report of number of cigs smoked, (2) number and weight of smoked cig butts, and (3) the brief questionnaire of smoking urges (QSU). Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score and maximum total doses of withdrawal medications/day (proxy for opioid withdrawal severity) were employed as covariates. Results: Subjects (n = 11-12/group) smoked a mean of 21.1 cigs/day prior to admission. No group smoked more than this during admission. Cig butts showed a Group×Time [F(2.080); p = 0.02] interaction whereby the 600mggroup had more butts collected than the placebo group on days 1-3. There were no other significant Group effects in time course or peak maximum value analyses. FTND was a significant covariate (p < 0.05) for number of cigs smoked and butts collected and peak QSU Factor 1 (smoking for positive reinforcement) score. Conclusions: ER tramadol has few effects on smoking during opioid withdrawal. Limitations include inpatient setting and lack of positive opioid agonist control condition. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate tramadol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate agonist placebo EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug dependence smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS controlled study drug therapy Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence hospital patient human metabolite nursing opiate addiction prescription questionnaire reinforcement secondary analysis smoke weight LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.413 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 69 TITLE Implementation of drug and HIV risk counseling in MMT programs in Taiwan AUTHOR NAMES Lee T.S.-H. Chawarski M.C. Peng C. Hung C. Metzger D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lee T.S.-H.; Peng C.) National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan. (Chawarski M.C.) Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States. (Hung C.) Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. (Metzger D.) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.S.-H. Lee, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e173). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Puerto Rico CONFERENCE DATE 2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19 ISSN 0376-8716 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: Few methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs in Taiwan offer drug counseling and data on program implementation have rarely been reported. This study aims to examine the feasibility of Behavioral Drug and Risk Counseling (BDRC) as a component of MMTP and documents its implementation in Taiwan. Methods: 90 MMT patients were randomly assigned to treatment as usual (n = 45, MMT only) or MMT+ BDRC (n = 45). Patients in the BDRC group receive weekly counseling in the first month, bi-weekly in months 2 and 3, and monthly in months 4 to 7 after enrollment. BDRC sessions offer education on biological and pharmacological mechanisms of heroin and methadone, skills to reduce/avoid HIV risk behaviors, maintaining or improving medication adherence, and establishing non-drug related activities supporting recovery. BDRC utilizes health education, setting small and achievable goals, positive feedback, and developing plans and skills to improve treatment participation and prolonged drug recovery. BDRC counselors (n = 4) received a 5-day training workshop at the program onset. Clinical supervision, including case discussions, is conducted monthly and lead by an experienced psychotherapist. Counselors maintain content checklists and notes from each session. Results: Content analysis of the checklists and counseling notes showed that counselors were able to deliver the BDRC but fidelity of counseling intervention varies between sites and counselors. Factors influencing intervention fidelity include: counselor's professional background and past training, and site/organizational characteristics (e.g., availability of separate and confidential counseling space, coordination between case managers and counselors) and frequency of clinical supervision. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings support the potential of integrating behavioral counseling into regular MMT as a component of a comprehensive treatment in Taiwan. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS diamorphine methadone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college counseling drug dependence Human immunodeficiency virus risk Taiwan EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS case manager checklist clinical supervision content analysis education health education human maintenance therapy medication compliance methadone treatment patient patient counseling positive feedback psychotherapist skill workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.387 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 70 TITLE Increasing tobacco dependence treatment through continuing education training for behavioral health professionals AUTHOR NAMES Williams J.M. Miskimen T. Minsky S. Cooperman N.A. Miller M. Budsock P.D. Cruz J. Steinberg M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Williams J.M., jill.williams@rutgers.edu; Miskimen T.; Minsky S.; Cooperman N.A.; Budsock P.D.; Cruz J.; Steinberg M.L.) Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, United States. (Williams J.M., jill.williams@rutgers.edu; Miskimen T.; Minsky S.; Miller M.) Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care, Piscataway, United States. (Cooperman N.A.; Steinberg M.L.) Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Canada. SOURCE Psychiatric Services (2015) 66:1 (21-26). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2015 ISSN 1557-9700 (electronic) 1075-2730 BOOK PUBLISHER American Psychiatric Association, apa@psych.org ABSTRACT Objective: Few continuing education programs to train behavioral health professionals to deliver tobacco treatment services have been described and evaluated. Methods: The effectiveness of two-day training on changing practice was examined by review of clinical charts from 20 clinicians who attended in 2012. Ten medical records were randomly selected for review from each clinician's outpatient practice at a large behavioral health system. Five charts from smokers seen within six months before and after training were reviewed per clinician, for a total of 200. Records were electronically searched on "cigarette," "nicotine," "tobacco," "quit," "smoking," and "smoke." Results were compared via chi square tests (all p<.05). Results: Almost half of the smokers indicated that they were interested in quitting, although baseline rates of tobacco use treatment were very low. Documentation of tobacco use significantly increased between baseline and posttraining, both on the problem list (35% versus 74%) and treatment plan (20% versus 60%). Also posttraining, clinicians advised significantly more outpatients to quit (9% versus 36%) or referred them to individual or group counseling. Discussion of nicotine replacement was documented more frequently in charts (10% versus 31%), and prescriptions for tobacco treatment medications increased significantly in the posttraining period, although overall prescribing remained low. The proportion of patients making quit attempts also significantly increased in the posttraining period (10% versus 39%), suggesting that providers were delivering more tobacco treatment than was reflected in charts. Conclusions: An intensive training program for behavioral health professionals increased tobacco treatment and patient quit attempts. Strategies beyond training may be needed to enhance prescribing by these practitioners. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavioral health professional continuing education health practitioner paramedical education tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical practice electronic medical record evaluation study evidence based practice female health care system health personnel attitude human male medical record review outpatient care psychiatrist registered nurse self report smoking smoking cessation tobacco use EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015084897 MEDLINE PMID 25220158 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25220158) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201300523 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 71 TITLE Alcohol and drug use among adolescents: An educational overview AUTHOR NAMES Gutierrez A. Sher L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gutierrez A., alfredo.gutierrez@mssm.edu) Icahn School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Box 1230, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, United States. (Sher L.) James J. Peters Veterans' Administration Medical Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Gutierrez, Icahn School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Box 1230, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, United States. SOURCE International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health (2015) 27:2 (207-212). Date of Publication: 1 May 2015 ISSN 2191-0278 (electronic) 0334-0139 BOOK PUBLISHER Walter de Gruyter GmbH, degruyter@s-f-g.com ABSTRACT Alcohol and drug use continues to be a significant global problem with many health and economic consequences. Multiple studies have shown that the majority of adults who end up with an alcohol/drug use disorder have their first contact with these substances as adolescents. This article aims to briefly summarize current prevalence and impact on society, as well as its etiology, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and treatment and prevention of adolescent drug and alcohol use. Alcohol and substance use impacts both the user and society at large, from health risks to the user to increased early pregnancies, car accidents, financial cost, and productivity cost. Substance use and abuse results from intricate interactions between genetic and environmental influences. Also, substance abuse along with a comorbid psychiatric disorder is more common than a solitary substance use disorder in adolescents. Current options for the treatment of substance abuse disorders range from various therapy-based strategies, including behavioral and family-based therapies, to the use of medications. More attention must be placed on the importance of prevention of use, as well as progression of use to dependence. Successful prevention requires a comprehensive plan that needs to include, but should not be limited to, increasing education of all gatekeepers and limiting access of substances and alcohol through policy and reinforcement of those policies. Education of parents, pediatricians, school nurses, teachers, and mental health workers is essential to ensure that children at risk are identified in time to provide appropriate interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism substance use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent disease alcohol consumption behavior family first trimester pregnancy health care access health care policy health education health hazard human mental disease mental health service parent productivity reinforcement review school health nursing society teacher EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015018488 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2015-5013 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 72 TITLE Assessment and delivery of treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in an opioid substitution treatment clinic with integrated peer-based support in Newcastle, Australia AUTHOR NAMES Keats J. Micallef M. Grebely J. Hazelwood S. Everingham H. Shrestha N. Jones T. Bath N. Treloar C. Dore G.J. Dunlop A. Haber P. Carolyn D. Gregory D. Tawil V. Krahn M. Loveday S. Thein H.-H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Keats J.; Hazelwood S.; Everingham H.; Shrestha N.; Dunlop A.) Newcastle Pharmacotherapy Service, Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia. (Micallef M., mmicallef@kirby.unsw.edu.au; Grebely J.; Dore G.J.) The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Kensington, Australia. (Everingham H.; Shrestha N.; Bath N.) NSW Users and AIDS Association, Inc., Sydney, Australia. (Jones T.) Department of Gastroenterology, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia. (Treloar C.) Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW, Kensington, Australia. (Jones T.; Dunlop A.) University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia. (Haber P.; Carolyn D.) University of Sydney, Australia. (Gregory D.) UNSW Australia, Australia. (Tawil V.) NSW Health Department, Australia. (Krahn M.; Thein H.-H.) University of Toronto, Canada. (Loveday S.) Hepatitis C Council of New South Wales, Inc., Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Micallef, The Kirby Institute, UNSW, Wallace Wurth Building, Kensington, Australia. SOURCE International Journal of Drug Policy (2015) 26:10 (999-1006). Date of Publication: 1 Oct 2015 ISSN 1873-4758 (electronic) 0955-3959 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background: Among people who inject drugs (PWID), the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is high; however HCV treatment uptake remains low. New models of care are needed to address the growing burden of HCV-related disease in PWID and to understand the barriers to assessment and treatment of HCV. This study evaluated assessment and treatment for HCV infection among PWID attending an opioid substitution treatment (OST) clinic with an integrated peer support worker model. Methods: Clients with a history of IDU and chronic HCV infection, attending the Newcastle Pharmacotherapy Service, Newcastle Australia, were recruited as part of a multisite prospective observational study (the ETHOS Cohort). Additional chart review was conducted for clients not enrolled in the ETHOS Cohort. A peer support worker was introduced to complement and extend services offered by the clinical team. Client contacts and assessments with a nurse and/or peer worker were evaluated, including those who commenced HCV treatment. Results: A total of 1447 clients attended the OST service during February 2009 and June 2014. Of these, 378 (26%) were assessed by a nurse and 242 (17%) by a clinician. HCV treatment was commenced by 20 (5%) participants and 15 (75%) achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). During May 2009 and July 2011, 332 nurse contacts and 726 peer worker contacts were evaluated. The nurse-led contacts were related to HCV treatment (50%) and review of pathology tests (34%), whereas peer worker contacts included discussion about HCV treatment (75%), education, counselling and/or support (53%) and general discussion about HCV infection (59%). Conclusion: These data demonstrate that peer support workers facilitate broader discussion about HCV treatment, education and/or support, allowing nurses to focus on HCV-related assessment and treatment. HCV treatment uptake was very low in this cohort, but SVR was high. The integration of peer support workers in treatment programs within OST clinics may address barriers to HCV care, but further studies are needed to assess their impact on assessment and treatment outcomes. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS peginterferon (clinical trial, drug therapy) ribavirin (clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic hepatitis C (drug therapy, drug therapy) health care delivery health care facility peer group performance measurement system EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult antiviral therapy article Australia clinical assessment clinical trial drug dependence (therapy) drug efficacy drug withdrawal female health care management health service human intravenous drug abuse major clinical study male multicenter study nurse attitude nurse patient relationship observational study opiate substitution treatment patient counseling patient education priority journal prospective study treatment response CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS ribavirin (36791-04-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015312469 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.07.006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 73 TITLE Knowledge and attitude towards alcoholism among nursing students: An interventional study AUTHOR NAMES Patel P.R. Oza H. Prajapati G. Vankar G.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Patel P.R., poorav_patel2@yahoo.com; Oza H.; Prajapati G.; Vankar G.K.) BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.R. Patel, BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad, India. Email: poorav_patel2@yahoo.com SOURCE Indian Journal of Psychiatry (2015) 57:5 SUPPL. 1 (S34). Date of Publication: January 2015 CONFERENCE NAME 67th Annual National Conference of the Indian Psychiatric Society, ANCIPS 2015 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hyderabad, India CONFERENCE DATE 2015-01-08 to 2015-01-11 ISSN 0019-5545 BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications ABSTRACT Background: Alcohol is one of the most common substances leading to abuse and dependence. Adequate knowledge regarding alcoholism and positive attitudes in paramedical college students towards alcoholism would make early recognition of and appropriate intervention in this disorder more likely and hence better outcome of illness. Objectives: This study was conducted to raise knowledge and to change the attitude of nursing students towards alcoholism. Methods: Survey method, Pre and Post-interventional session in students of Government Nursing School, Ahmedabad. Questionnaire containing 36 questions regarding alcoholism was given before and after the interventional lecture to 100 nursing students. Questionnaire comprising of 3 scales: The Marcus questionnaire (Marcus,1980), The Tolor-Tamerin Scale (Tolor-Tamerin,1975) and The Seaman-Mannello Scale (Seaman-Mannello,1978) Chi square test. SPSS version 15. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After the intervention, attitude of the nursing students changed significantly. Attitude has been changed mainly regarding etiology, moral factors and nature of alcoholism. After the intervention significant number of students has accepted alcoholism as a psychiatric illness. Before intervention 40 students considered alcoholism as an illness and after intervention 67 students considered it as an illness. Conclusion: Interventions like lecture of nursing students on alcoholism results in improvement in knowledge and positive attitude towards the illness, leading to early recognition and better treatment. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism human Indian intervention study medical society nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse chi square test college student data analysis software diseases etiology government mental disease morality nursing education questionnaire sailor statistical significance student LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 74 TITLE Revisiting Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED): The impact of a pharmacist telephone intervention on hospital readmission rates AUTHOR NAMES Sanchez G.M. Douglass M.A. Mancuso M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sanchez G.M.; Douglass M.A.; Mancuso M.A., michelle.mancuso@bmc.org) Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, 88 E. Newton Street, Boston, United States. (Douglass M.A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Northeastern University, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Mancuso, Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, 88 E. Newton Street, Boston, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:9 (805-812). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2015 ISSN 1875-9114 (electronic) 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Purpose Project Re-Engineered Discharge is a discharge nurse education (DNE) and pharmacist follow-up telephone intervention protocol that was shown to decrease rehospitalization significantly. The specific value of the pharmacist intervention was not originally evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacist telephone intervention during the transition of care process on the rate of unplanned hospitalization within 30 days of patient discharge. Methods A retrospective chart review was completed for patients who received DNE counseling and were discharged to home from the family medicine service at Boston Medical Center from July 2012 to May 2013. Patients were stratified into two groups: contacted/intervention and unable to contact/no intervention. The primary outcome was the rate of unplanned hospital utilization including emergency department visits and readmissions within 30 days of discharge. Secondary end points included number of pharmacist interventions and time spent on phone calls. Results A total of 401 patients were identified; 277 patients received a pharmacist telephone intervention, and 124 patients were unable to be contacted. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups, with the exception of a higher prevalence of substance abuse in the nonintervention group (41.9% vs 21.3%, p<0.001). The rate of unplanned hospitalization (visits/patient) was significantly reduced in the intervention group, compared with the unable-to-contact group (0.227 vs 0.519, p<0.001). Pharmacists made a total of 128 interventions and spent an average of 22 minutes on each telephone intervention. Conclusion Patients unable to be contacted by a pharmacist after hospital discharge were more likely to be readmitted or visit the emergency department in the 30 days following discharge. A pharmacist telephone intervention as part of a comprehensive discharge protocol can have a positive impact on patients during the transition of care process by reducing incidence of unplanned hospital utilization. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital discharge hospital readmission nursing education pharmacist Project Re Engineered Discharge telephone interview EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical protocol controlled study emergency ward female health care cost health care utilization home care human incidence major clinical study male medicare patient counseling prevalence primary medical care retrospective study substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015410240 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1630 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 75 TITLE Forensic patients hiding in full view AUTHOR NAMES Pasqualone G. Michel C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pasqualone G., Ltcgeorgia@msn.com) Fitchburg State University, SON, Fitchburg, United States. (Michel C.) University of Alaska, SON, Anchorage, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Pasqualone, Fitchburg State University, SON, Fitchburg, United States. SOURCE Critical Care Nursing Quarterly (2015) 38:1 (3-16). Date of Publication: 12 Dec 2015 ISSN 1550-5111 (electronic) 0887-9303 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, LRorders@phl.lrpub.com ABSTRACT Violence has been identified as one of the leading public health hazards of our time. The majority of the victims of violence are being seen in emergency departments and critical care areas. This compels today's nurse to be educated in the proper recognition, interpretation, collection, documentation, and photo-documentation of the ramifications of violence and the associated forensic evidence. The categorization of these patients should be determined by the critical care nurse. Categorical determinations will ensure that the nurse develops a systematic, algorithmic management plan for any client with potential forensic implications associated with their care. It will also assist the nurse in recognizing the mandated reporting that must be completed in certain instances. The additional benefit is to determine what educational needs are required by the critical care nurse staff to posit the forensic population; and, to consider what future research must be accomplished in order to better serve this unique clientele. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) forensic science EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS assault battering bite body surface burn child abuse child neglect communicable disease detention disabled person domestic violence elder abuse environmental exposure forensic nursing gang gunshot injury human intensive care intensive care unit legal liability malpractice medical practice negligence occupational accident organ donor partner violence review sexual assault substance abuse terminal care terrorism traffic accident EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014972135 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000043 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 76 TITLE Liver disease knowledge and acceptability of non-invasive liver fibrosis assessment among people who inject drugs in the drug and alcohol setting: The LiveRLife Study AUTHOR NAMES Marshall A.D. Micallef M. Erratt A. Telenta J. Treloar C. Everingham H. Jones S.C. Bath N. How-Chow D. Byrne J. Harvey P. Dunlop A. Jauncey M. Read P. Collie T. Dore G.J. Grebely J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marshall A.D., amarshall@kirby.unsw.edu.au; Micallef M.; Erratt A.; Read P.; Dore G.J.; Grebely J.) The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Australia. (Telenta J.; Jones S.C.) Centre for Health and Social Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia. (Treloar C.) Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Australia, Australia. (Everingham H.; Bath N.) NSW Users and AIDS Association, Inc., Australia. (How-Chow D.) St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Australia. (Byrne J.; Jauncey M.) Australian Injecting and Illicit Drug Users League, Australia. (Harvey P.) Hepatitis, Australia. (Dunlop A.) University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia. (Dunlop A.) Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia. (Read P.) Kirketon Road Centre, Australia. (Collie T.) Coffs Harbour Drug and Alcohol Service, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.D. Marshall, Viral Hepatitis Clinical Research Program, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Australia. SOURCE International Journal of Drug Policy (2015) 26:10 (984-991). Date of Publication: 1 Oct 2015 ISSN 1873-4758 (electronic) 0955-3959 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background: The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with baseline knowledge of HCV and liver disease, acceptability of transient elastography (TE) assessment (FibroScan®), and willingness and intent to receive HCV treatment among persons with a history of injection drug use participating in a liver health promotion campaign. Methods: The LiveRLife campaign involved three phases: (1) campaign resource development; (2) campaign resource testing; and (3) campaign implementation. Participants were enrolled in an observational cohort study with recruitment at four clinics - one primary health care facility, two OST clinics, and one medically supervised injecting centre - in Australia between May and October 2014. Participants received educational material, nurse clinical assessment, TE assessment, dried blood spot testing, and completed a knowledge survey. Results: Of 253 participants (mean age 43 years), 68% were male, 71% had injected in the past month, and 75% self-reported as HCV positive. Median knowledge score was 16/23. In adjusted analysis, less than daily injection (AOR 5.01; 95% CI, 2.64-9.51) and no daily injection in the past month (AOR 3.54; 95% CI, 1.80-6.94) were associated with high knowledge (≥16). TE was the most preferred method both pre- (66%) and post-TE (89%) compared to liver biopsy and blood sample. Eighty-eight percent were 'definitely willing' or 'somewhat willing' to receive HCV treatment, and 56% intended to start treatment in the next 12 months. Approximately 68% had no/mild fibrosis (F0/F1, ≥2.5 to ≤ 7.4. kPa), 13% moderate fibrosis (F2, ≥ 7.5 to ≤ 9.4. kPa), 10% severe fibrosis (F3, ≥ 9.5 to ≤ 12.4. kPa), and 9% had cirrhosis (F4, ≥ 12.5. kPa). Conclusion: Liver disease and HCV knowledge was moderate. High acceptability of TE by PWID provides strong evidence for the inclusion of TE in HCV-related care, and could help to prioritise HCV treatment for those at greatest risk of liver disease progression. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS diamorphine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) elastography hepatitis C liver disease named groups of persons patient attitude people who inject drugs transient elastography EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol abuse article Australia blood sampling clinical trial cohort analysis educational status elastograph feeding behavior female hepatitis B human intravenous drug abuse liver biopsy liver cirrhosis liver fibrosis major clinical study male multicenter study observational study opiate substitution treatment priority journal DEVICE TRADE NAMES FibroScan CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Radiology (14) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015285225 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.07.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 77 TITLE Self-efficacy, stress, and social support in retention of student registered nurse anesthetists AUTHOR NAMES Conner M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Conner M.) UNCG School of Nursing, United States. (Conner M.) RSNA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Conner, UNCG School of Nursing, United States. SOURCE AANA Journal (2015) 83:2 (133-138). Date of Publication: 2015 ISSN 0094-6354 BOOK PUBLISHER AANA Publishing Inc., llacey@aana.com ABSTRACT Many studies document the presence of stress and the need for social support in anesthesia students. By addressing these, one can increase students' self-efficacy, which is related to beliefs in one's ability to accomplish an objective. By measuring and instituting measures to increase self-efficacy, we could improve student selection in nurse anesthesia programs, and increase academic success and likelihood of retention. This article reviews the literature on this topic and makes recommendations for increasing student self-efficacy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) self concept skill retention social support stress EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS academic achievement agitation alcoholism anesthesist article clinical competence coping behavior digestive system function disorder eating disorder education program human learning environment nervousness nurse anesthesia education nursing practice nursing student persuasive communication registered nurse sleep disorder social behavior socialization stress management work environment EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Anesthesiology (24) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2015022167 MEDLINE PMID 26016172 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26016172) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 78 TITLE Interactive telemedicine: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes AUTHOR NAMES Flodgren G. Rachas A. Farmer A.J. Inzitari M. Shepperd S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Flodgren G.; Rachas A.; Farmer A.J.; Inzitari M.; Shepperd S.) Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK, OX3 7LF SOURCE The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2015) 9 (CD002098). Date of Publication: 2015 ISSN 1469-493X (electronic) ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Telemedicine (TM) is the use of telecommunication systems to deliver health care at a distance. It has the potential to improve patient health outcomes, access to health care and reduce healthcare costs. As TM applications continue to evolve it is important to understand the impact TM might have on patients, healthcare professionals and the organisation of care.OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness, acceptability and costs of interactive TM as an alternative to, or in addition to, usual care (i.e. face-to-face care, or telephone consultation).SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) Group's specialised register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, five other databases and two trials registers to June 2013, together with reference checking, citation searching, handsearching and contact with study authors to identify additional studies.SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered randomised controlled trials of interactive TM that involved direct patient-provider interaction and was delivered in addition to, or substituting for, usual care compared with usual care alone, to participants with any clinical condition. We excluded telephone only interventions and wholly automatic self-management TM interventions.DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: For each condition, we pooled outcome data that were sufficiently homogenous using fixed effect meta-analysis. We reported risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, and mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes.MAIN RESULTS: We included 93 eligible trials (N = 22,047 participants), which evaluated the effectiveness of interactive TM delivered in addition to (32% of studies), as an alternative to (57% of studies), or partly substituted for usual care (11%) as compared to usual care alone.The included studies recruited patients with the following clinical conditions: cardiovascular disease (36), diabetes (21), respiratory conditions (9), mental health or substance abuse conditions (7), conditions requiring a specialist consultation (6), co morbidities (3), urogenital conditions (3), neurological injuries and conditions (2), gastrointestinal conditions (2), neonatal conditions requiring specialist care (2), solid organ transplantation (1), and cancer (1).Telemedicine provided remote monitoring (55 studies), or real-time video-conferencing (38 studies), which was used either alone or in combination. The main TM function varied depending on clinical condition, but fell typically into one of the following six categories, with some overlap: i) monitoring of a chronic condition to detect early signs of deterioration and prompt treatment and advice, (41); ii) provision of treatment or rehabilitation (12), for example the delivery of cognitive behavioural therapy, or incontinence training; iii) education and advice for self-management (23), for example nurses delivering education to patients with diabetes or providing support to parents of very low birth weight infants or to patients with home parenteral nutrition; iv) specialist consultations for diagnosis and treatment decisions (8), v) real-time assessment of clinical status, for example post-operative assessment after minor operation or follow-up after solid organ transplantation (8) vi), screening, for angina (1).The type of data transmitted by the patient, the frequency of data transfer, (e.g. telephone, e-mail, SMS) and frequency of interactions between patient and healthcare provider varied across studies, as did the type of healthcare provider/s and healthcare system involved in delivering the intervention.We found no difference between groups for all-cause mortality for patients with heart failure (16 studies; N = 5239; RR:0.89, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.03, P = 0.12; I(2) = 44%) (moderate to high certainty of evidence) at a median of six months follow-up. Admissions to hospital (11 studies; N = 4529) ranged from a decrease of 64% to an increase of 60% at median eight months follow-up (moderate certainty of evidence). We found some evidence of improved quality of life (five studies; N = 482; MD:-4.39, 95% CI -7.94 to -0.83; P < 0.02; I(2) = 0%) (moderate certainty of evidence) for those allocated to TM as compared with usual care at a median three months follow-up. In studies recruiting participants with diabetes (16 studies; N = 2768) we found lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c %) levels in those allocated to TM than in controls (MD -0.31, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.24; P < 0.00001; I(2)= 42%, P = 0.04) (high certainty of evidence) at a median of nine months follow-up. We found some evidence for a decrease in LDL (four studies, N = 1692; MD -12.45, 95% CI -14.23 to -10.68; P < 0.00001; I(2 =) 0%) (moderate certainty of evidence), and blood pressure (four studies, N = 1770: MD: SBP:-4.33, 95% CI -5.30 to -3.35, P < 0.00001; I(2) = 17%; DBP: -2.75 95% CI -3.28 to -2.22, P < 0.00001; I(2) = 45% (moderate certainty evidence), in TM as compared with usual care.Seven studies that recruited participants with different mental health and substance abuse problems, reported no differences in the effect of therapy delivered over video-conferencing, as compared to face-to-face delivery. Findings from the other studies were inconsistent; there was some evidence that monitoring via TM improved blood pressure control in participants with hypertension, and a few studies reported improved symptom scores for those with a respiratory condition. Studies recruiting participants requiring mental health services and those requiring specialist consultation for a dermatological condition reported no differences between groups.AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The findings in our review indicate that the use of TM in the management of heart failure appears to lead to similar health outcomes as face-to-face or telephone delivery of care; there is evidence that TM can improve the control of blood glucose in those with diabetes. The cost to a health service, and acceptability by patients and healthcare professionals, is not clear due to limited data reported for these outcomes. The effectiveness of TM may depend on a number of different factors, including those related to the study population e.g. the severity of the condition and the disease trajectory of the participants, the function of the intervention e.g., if it is used for monitoring a chronic condition, or to provide access to diagnostic services, as well as the healthcare provider and healthcare system involved in delivering the intervention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical practice doctor patient relation interpersonal communication treatment outcome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS diabetes mellitus (therapy) heart failure (therapy) human mental disease (therapy) meta analysis physiologic monitoring procedures telemedicine videoconferencing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26343551 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26343551) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002098.pub2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 79 TITLE A longitudinal study in mothers and firstborn children of genetic and environmental influences on externalizing and internalizing disorders across development AUTHOR NAMES Enoch M.-A. Kitzman H. Smith J. Anson E. Hodgkinson C. Goldman D. Olds D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Enoch M.-A.; Kitzman H.; Smith J.; Anson E.; Hodgkinson C.; Goldman D.; Olds D.) National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.-A. Enoch, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States. SOURCE Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 39 SUPPL. 1 (S401-S402). Date of Publication: December 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 53rd Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-12-07 to 2014-12-11 ISSN 0893-133X BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: The development of behavior across childhood and adolescence is known to be both genetically and environmentally influenced. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the development of externalizing and internalizing disorders in a cohort of 600 firstborn children followed from pre-birth to 18 years. We hypothesized that maternal mental health and resilience, alcohol and drug use and smoking would predict child behavioral outcomes and that an early life nurse visiting intervention program would be associated with better childhood behavioral outcomes. We also hypothesized that a GABRA2 variant, previously robustly associated with the development of externalizing disorders in late adolescence would predict childhood behavior. Methods: Data were derived from a longitudinal study of the effects of prenatal and infancy nurse home educational visiting (NHV) on health outcomes up to age 18 years in a group of urban, predominantly African American economically disadvantaged individuals in Memphis, TN. In a substudy, a total of 600 women were consecutively recruited from an obstetric clinic with their first viable pregnancy. Of these, 200 were randomly assigned to NHV; on average 7 visits in pregnancy and 26 from birth to age 2. Mothers were assessed and scored at intake for mental health (depression, anxiety, emotional dysregulation), self-efficacy (belief in one's own ability to complete tasks/achieve goals) and the Pearlin mastery scale (personal sense of mastery, control). Mothers reported on smoking, alcohol and drug use during pregnancy and when their children were 6, 9 and 12 years old. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was completed by mothers at 2, 6, 12 and 18 years and by youths at ages 12 and 18 years. Outcome measures derived from the CBCL were a composite internalizing disorders (ID) score (anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints) and a composite externalizing disorders (ED) score (rule-breaking behavior, aggressive behavior). DSM-IV alcohol and drug use disorder (AUD, DUD) diagnoses were derived from the Substance Abuse Module (SAM) completed by youth at age 18. Mothers and children were genotyped for the GABRA2 tag SNP rs279858 together with 186 ancestry informative markers. Multiple regression analyses were performed for each of the 4 time-points. Results: Maternal use of alcohol and drugs was minimal throughout but smoking increased from 12% in pregnancy to 30% at age 12 years. ED and ID scores were strongly positively correlated at all time-points (r=0.57 - 0.76, p<0.0001). Independent predictors for both ED and ID scores at age 2 included sex, maternal mastery, maternal mental health, a maternal mental health x GABRA2 rs279858 interaction and a maternal self-efficacy x NHV interaction. In the latter case, ED and ID scores were both significantly lower in children whose mothers had high selfefficacy and had received NHV, compared with the other 3 groups. At age 6 the influence of NHV on ED and ID scores was no longer apparent. Within the whole regression models, the strongest predictors of ED and ID from 6 and upwards were ED and ID scores at younger ages. As an illustration, the ED score at age 2 was correlated (all p<0.0001) with ED at age 6 (r=0.44), age 12 (r=0.31) and age 18 (r=0.23). Maternal mental health during pregnancy continued to influence ED and ID up to 12 years after which maternal mastery re-emerged in importance. Maternal smoking predicted ED at all time-points from 2 to 18 years and ID from 6 to 18 years. The influence of GABRA2 rs279858 emerged again at age 18 with a main effect on both ED and ID. Moreover, there was an interactive effect between GABRA2 rs279858 genotype and youth-report ED at age 12 (but not ID) on AUD and DUD at age 18. Conclusions: Our study suggests that there are long lasting effects of maternal mental health during pregnancy, resilience (belief in one's own ability, personal sense of control) and smoking (possibly a marker for maternal ED and ID) on childhood behavior, even though the ID and ED scores were respectively clinically significant in only 10-15% of children. NHV positively influenced early behavior but only in children of resilient mothers. As has been shown in earlier studies of ED across development, environmental influences predominate at younger ages and genetic effects, such as the influence of GABRA2 rs279858 genotype, become relatively more important towards adulthood. The results of our study have implications for strategies for prevention of pathological ED and ID in adulthood. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol marker EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction child Child Behavior Checklist college diseases female human longitudinal study mother psychopharmacology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescence adulthood African American aggression anxiety childhood diagnosis drug use environmental factor genotype health heredity hospital infancy juvenile maternal smoking mental health model multiple regression nurse pregnancy prevention self concept smoking substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2014.281 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 80 TITLE Recognizing Signs of Prescription Drug Abuse and Addiction, Part I AUTHOR NAMES Felicilda-Reynaldo F.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Felicilda-Reynaldo F.D.) SOURCE Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (2014) 23:6 (391-396). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 1092-0811 ABSTRACT Prescription drug abuse/misuse is increasing. Nonmedical use of prescription medications, especially opioid analgesics, now is considered an epidemic in the United States. Medical-surgical nurses are in a strategic position to help address substance abuse problems in patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS prescription drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education nursing practice guideline standards EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis, etiology) human nursing discipline nursing education nursing staff perioperative nursing procedures substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26281634 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26281634) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 81 TITLE Pre-registration nursing students' perceptions and experiences of violence in a nursing education institution in South Africa AUTHOR NAMES de Villiers T. Mayers P.M. Khalil D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (de Villiers T.) Division of Nursing & Midwifery, Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: tania.devilliers@uct.ac.za (Mayers P.M.) Division of Nursing & Midwifery, Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: Pat.mayers@uct.ac.za (Khalil D., Doris.khalil@uct.ac.za) Division of Nursing & Midwifery, Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: SOURCE Nurse education in practice (2014) 14:6 (666-673). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 1873-5223 (electronic) ABSTRACT Violence is a growing problem worldwide in the field of health care and within the nursing profession. A study comprising a survey and focus groups with nursing students, and interviews with nurse educators was conducted to examine nursing students' perceptions and experiences of violence at a nursing education institution in the Western Cape, South Africa. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all nursing students. Two hundred and twenty three (n = 223) respondents completed the questionnaire. Focus groups were conducted with purposively sampled student participants and semi-structured interviews with nurse educators. The findings indicated that the nature of the violent incidents experienced by students on campus, especially in the residences, ranged from verbal abuse to violation of students' property and personal space, and could be attributed primarily to substance abuse. Violence among student nurses could negatively affect learning. In a profession in which nurses are exposed to violence in the workplace, it is important that violence in the learning environment is actively prevented and respect of individual rights, tolerance and co-operation are promoted. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education psychology violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult attitude female human information processing male middle aged nursing student questionnaire South Africa young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25262064 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25262064) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2014.08.006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 82 TITLE Substance abuse prevention: the role of the school nurse across the continuum of care AUTHOR NAMES Patestos C. Patterson K. Fitzsimons V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Patestos C.; Patterson K.; Fitzsimons V.) SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2014) 29:6 (310-314). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 1942-602X ABSTRACT As a health care provider, health educator, and school/family/community liaison, the school nurse is in a unique position to act as a change agent for youth substance abuse prevention. This article discusses the roles of the school nurse as they apply to the prevention of substance abuse among school-age children, across a continuum of care model first introduced by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 1994. Through careful assessment, identification of substance abuse risk factors, and promoting the enhancement of protective factors of students, both in and out of the school setting, the school nurse can play a vital role in the prevention of substance abuse. Existing tools, including the IOM Mental Health Intervention Spectrum Model, can be easily adapted to nursing practice and may prove helpful in assisting school nurses in the evaluation and implementation of effective prevention interventions in the school setting. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude organization and management patient care procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent child human program evaluation risk factor school health nursing school health service United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25417332 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25417332) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 83 TITLE Opioid interruptions, pain, and withdrawal symptoms in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Redding S.E. Liu S. Hung W.W. Boockvar K.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Redding S.E.; Liu S.; Hung W.W.; Boockvar K.S., Kenneth.boockvar@mssm.edu) Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States. (Hung W.W.; Boockvar K.S., Kenneth.boockvar@mssm.edu) James J. Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, United States. (Boockvar K.S., Kenneth.boockvar@mssm.edu) Jewish Home Lifecare, New York, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.S. Boockvar, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, United States. SOURCE Clinical Therapeutics (2014) 36:11 (1555-1563). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 1879-114X (electronic) 0149-2918 BOOK PUBLISHER Excerpta Medica Inc. ABSTRACT Purpose: Interruptions in opioid use have the potential to cause pain relapse and withdrawal symptoms. The objectives of this study were to observe patterns of opioid interruption during acute illness in nursing home residents and examine associations between interruptions and pain and withdrawal symptoms. Methods: Patients from 3 nursing homes in a metropolitan area who were prescribed opioids were assessed for symptoms of pain and withdrawal by researchers blinded to opioid dosage received, using the Brief Pain Inventory Scale and the Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale, respectively, during prespecified time periods. The prespecified time periods were 2 weeks after onset of acute illness (eg, urinary tract infection), and 2 weeks after hospital admission and nursing home readmission, if they occurred. Opioid dosing was recorded and a significant interruption was defined as a complete discontinuation or a reduction in dose of >50% for ≥1 day. The covariates age, sex, race, comorbid conditions, initial opioid dose, and initial pain level were recorded. Symptoms pre- and post-opioid interruptions were compared and contrasted with those in a group without opioid interruptions. Findings: Sixty-six patients receiving opioids were followed for a mean of 10.9 months and experienced a total of 104 acute illnesses. During 64 (62%) illnesses, patients experienced any reduction in opioid dosing, with a mean (SD) dose reduction of 63.9% (29.9%). During 39 (38%) illnesses, patients experienced a significant opioid interruption. In a multivariable model, residence at 1 of the 3 nursing homes was associated with a lower risk of interruption (odds ratio = 0.073; 95% CI, 0.009 to 0.597; P < 0.015). In patients with interruptions, there were statistically insignificant changes in mean (SD) pain score (difference -0.50 [2.66]; 95% CI, -3.16 to 2.16) and withdrawal score (difference -0.91 [3.12]; 95% CI, -4.03 to 2.21) after the interruption as compared with before interruption. However, when compared with patients without interruptions, patients with interruptions experienced larger increases in pain scores during the follow-up periods (difference 0.09 points per day; 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.019; P = 0.08). In particular, patients who received the highest quartile of opioid dose before interruption experienced increases in pain scores over time that were 0.22 points per day larger (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.41; P = 0.03) than those without interruption. Withdrawal scores were not associated with opioid interruption regardless of dose before interruption. Implications: Nursing home patients often experience interruptions in opioid dosing, which can be associated with worse pain, but not withdrawal symptoms, during acute illnesses. Clinicians should be aware of the potential risks and effects of opioid interruptions during acute illnesses in this patient group. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS codeine (adverse drug reaction) hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction) hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction) methadone (adverse drug reaction) morphine (adverse drug reaction) oxycodone (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home patient pain (side effect, side effect) withdrawal syndrome (side effect, side effect) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease adult aged analgesia article Brief Pain Inventory controlled study daily life activity drug dose reduction drug withdrawal female follow up hospital admission hospital readmission human major clinical study male observational study patient assessment prospective study urinary tract infection CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS codeine (76-57-3) hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014924346 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.10.013 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 84 TITLE Effect of Structured Teaching Programme on Levels of Knowledge regarding Narcotic Policy among Staff Nurses in Selected Hospitals of Bangalore AUTHOR NAMES Swapna M.A. Parvathy M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swapna M.A.; Parvathy M.) SOURCE The Nursing journal of India (2014) 105:6 (274-277). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 0029-6503 ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the level of knowledge among staff nurses on Narcotic policy and ascertain their knowledge by structured teaching programme with pre-test, post-test method The study attempted to assess the knowledge on Narcotic policy among staff nurses before and after structured teaching programme; evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on narcotic policy among staff nurses; and to find out the association between post level of knowledge among staff nurses on narcotic policy and selected demographic variables. A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 60 staff nurses from BGS & Jeevani Sarvodaya Hospital, Bangalore. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to evaluate the knowledge level on narcotic policy before & after an STP. Data were analysed with chi-square and t test. The result showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores as assessed by the paired t-test value at 36.766 (HS p = 0.001). There was significant association between knowledge and the selected demographic variables (age, area of experience and years of experience (p ≤ 0.05). Thus for this study one can conclude that STP could be an effective strategy to improve the knowledge of staff nurses on narcotic policy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health education nursing education procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult comparative study female human India male nursing staff opiate addiction (prevention) policy questionnaire socioeconomics teaching young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 26182822 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26182822) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 85 TITLE Development of chemotherapy-induced extravasation management algorithm to facilitate and improve care of cancer patients AUTHOR NAMES Kim S.S. Holcombe R.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kim S.S.; Holcombe R.F.) Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S. Kim, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, United States. SOURCE Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014) 32:30 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 20 Oct 2014 CONFERENCE NAME ASCO's Quality Care Symposium 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Boston, MA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-17 to 2014-10-18 ISSN 0732-183X BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Clinical Oncology ABSTRACT Background: Chemotherapy administration has up to a 6% incidence of extravasation, which can cause ulcer formation, tissue necrosis and loss of limb function, requiring surgical intervention (debridement and skin grafting). Because of its rare occurrences and the lack of uniform consensus on management strategies, much time is spent on decision making process by the patient care team and treatments are often delayed. To facilitate and improve the care of cancer patients in cases of chemotherapy extravasation, a task force was created to develop chemotherapy extravasation management algorithm. Methods: Chemotherapy extravasation management task force comprised of oncology pharmacy and oncology nursing leaderships. Literature search (limited to English language) was performed in PubMed (through April 2014) and of 34 “hits”, 13 articles on management of chemotherapy extravasation were reviewed. An algorithm was developed which contained 7 distinct intervention pathways dependent upon the drug involved in extravasation. The treatment algorithm was adopted after review by the cancer institute's QI committee and oncology pharmacy and therapeutics subcommittee. Results: Chemotherapy extravasation algorithm provides the following guidance to nurses and providers: (1) Initial steps for nurses to follow in case of chemotherapy extravasation; (2) Chemotherapeutic agent-specific recommendations for cold or hot compress with antidote if indicated; (3) Nursing instruction for documentation of the adverse event and recommendation to photograph the site of extravasation; (4) Preparation and administration instruction of the antidotes (hyaluronidase, dexrazoxane, sodium thiosulfate, and DMSO). Finalized chemotherapy extravasation algorithm was made available in all oncology treatment areas and included in each extravasation kit. Conclusions: The development of algorithm for chemotherapy extravasation management provides clear and comprehensive instructions to oncology nurses and oncology providers on management and shortens the time to initiate management, thereby minimizing the risk of potentially debilitating sequelae from delayed management. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidote antiinfective agent dimethyl sulfoxide hyaluronidase razoxane sodium thiosulfate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) algorithm cancer patient chemotherapy extravasation human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS cancer center consensus debridement decision making documentation language leadership limb Medline nurse nursing oncology oncology nursing patient care pharmacy photography risk skin transplantation surgery therapy tissue necrosis ulcerogenesis LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 86 TITLE Cost-effectiveness study of long-acting injectable antipsychotics and functioning in psychosis with and without substance dependence AUTHOR NAMES Pérez-Vigil A. Batalla A. Fàbrega M. Ilzarbe D. Mansilla S. López-Pelayo H. Bioque M. Serrano J. Bernardo M. Parellada E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pérez-Vigil A.; Batalla A.; Fàbrega M.; Ilzarbe D.; Mansilla S.; López-Pelayo H.; Bioque M.; Bernardo M.; Parellada E.) Hospital Clínic, Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Barcelona, Spain. (Serrano J.) CAS Garbivent (Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona - Gestión INPROSS), Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Barcelona, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Pérez-Vigil, Hospital Clínic, Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Barcelona, Spain. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 24 SUPPL. 2 (S522). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 27th European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-18 to 2014-10-21 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Introduction: The development of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics has provided a new paradigm for schizophrenia and other related disorders treatment. By ensuring medication delivery, these formulations may lead to better psychosocial adjustment [1] and prevent relapse and hospitalization [2] but also to changes on pharmacological and service costs [3]. Moreover, it is well known that comorbid substance abuse may be associated with higher medication nonadherence and poorer outcomes. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial functioning and the change of service utilization and costs for schizophrenia-related disorders with and without comorbid substance dependence before and after LAI treatment. Methods: We conducted a multicenter 6-month mirror-image study, involving a General Mental Health Outpatient Unit and an Addiction Outpatient Unit. We recruited patients with schizophrenia-related disorders who initiated LAI treatment for the first time between 2011 and 2013, after at least six months of oral antipsychotic treatment. Study assessments included sociodemographic data and psychosocial functioning measured by the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. Costeffectiveness comparison was made for service costs (the number of medical and nurse outpatient visits, acute admissions, days of bed-stay and emergency visits) and medication costs. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 19.0. Results: Twenty-one patients (91.3%), 76.2% male with a mean age (SD) of 40 (11) years, completed the six months follow-up. All patients met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia (66.7%), schizoaffective disorder (19.0%) or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (14.3%), with an average duration of 16 years since diagnosis. Eleven patients (52.4%) had comorbid substance dependence diagnose. The main reason for using LAI, paliperidone palmitate (66.7%) or risperidone LAI (33.3%), was poor adherence (81.0%) followed by patient's decision or convenience (9.5%), lack of efficacy of oral antipsychotics (4.8%) and others (4.8%). During the post-LAI period there was an improvement on psychosocial functioning (p<0.001) and a reduction in service uses, along with a 3-fold decrease on inpatient and outpatient service costs (p = 0.002). Although medication costs significantly increased during the post-LAI period (p <0.001), overall psychiatric costs did not increase. In fact, there was a tendency to a 30% cost reduction compared to the pre-LAI period (p = 0.079). The same results were observed when patients with and without comorbid substance dependence were compared. Overall, there were no differences between groups in terms of functioning, medication and service costs. Conclusions: This 6-month mirror-image study showed that LAI treatment was associated with improved functioning along with reductions of service uses and costs in schizophrenia-related disorders, despite their comorbid substance dependence condition. Although medication costs significantly increased during the post- LAI period, overall psychiatric costs tended to a 30% cost reduction compared to the pre-LAI period. Thus, LAI should be considered as an important option in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia and other related disorders, especially those with dual diagnosis. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS paliperidone risperidone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college cost effectiveness analysis psychopharmacology psychosis substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction data analysis software diagnosis diseases drug therapy emergency follow up Global Assessment of Functioning hospital patient hospitalization human male mental health nurse outpatient outpatient care outpatient department patient relapse schizoaffective psychosis schizophrenia social psychology therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 87 TITLE Striking the right balance: Assessing fellows' abilities to deliver patient education AUTHOR NAMES Lucero C. Villanueva G. Talishinskiy S. Chaudhary N. Poles M. Gillespie C. Zabar S. Weinshel E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lucero C.; Villanueva G.; Talishinskiy S.; Chaudhary N.; Gillespie C.; Zabar S.) NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States. (Poles M.; Weinshel E.) VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Lucero, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Gastroenterology (2014) 109 SUPPL. 2 (S629-S630). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 79th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Gastroenterology CONFERENCE LOCATION Philadelphia, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-17 to 2014-10-22 ISSN 0002-9270 BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Introduction: Patient education is critical in ensuring patient compliance and good health outcomes. Fellows must be able to effectively communicate with their patients, delivering enough information for the patient to understand their medical problem so the patient can be compliant. We created an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) with 4 liver disease cases to assess fellows' ability to inform standardized patients about their clinical condition. Methods: We developed a 4 station OSCE: hepatitis B, acute hepatitis C, new diagnosis of cirrhosis, and an end-stage cirrhotic non-transplant candidate. The standardized patient (SP) with hepatitis B was minimizing the fact that she couldn't read English. The acute hepatitis C SP was a nursing student who is afraid that having hepatitis C might jeopardize her career. The SP with the new diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis needed to stop drinking, and the end-stage liver disease the SP had to grapple with his advanced directives. Twelve fellows from four GI training programs participated. Our focus was to assess the fellows' knowledge about liver disease and the competencies of health literacy, shared decision making, advanced directives, and goals of care. The goal for the fellows was to communicate effectively with the SPs, acknowledging that each patient had an emotionally charged issue to overcome. The SPs used a checklist to rate fellows' performance. Faculty observed the case and provided feedback. The fellows were surveyed on their performance regarding the case. Results: The majority of fellows were able to successfully summarize findings and discuss a plan with the patient in the new diagnosis of cirrhosis (76.92%) and hepatitis C case (100%), but were less successful in the hepatitis B (30.77%) and end-of-life case (41.67%). Overall, a small percentage of fellows reflected that they did a good job (22-33%) except at the end-of-life case (67%). The fellows' greatest challenge was trying to cover a lot of information in a single outpatient visit. Conclusion: Caring for patients with liver diseases can be complex and time-consuming. The faculty observers felt the fellows met competency in the stations, but the patients and fellows sensed inadequacies. The fellows believed they excelled in the end-of-life case, but the patient SP thought only a small percentage was able to successfully summarize and discuss the plan. The results of this OSCE suggest discrepancies in fellow's perception of a successful outpatient visit. OSCEs are important to help the fellows to facilitate striking the right balance of information delivery and empathy, and this will lead to better patient education, compliance, rapport, and satisfaction. (Table Presented). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American college gastroenterology human patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute hepatitis alcohol liver cirrhosis checklist clinical examination decision making diagnosis drinking empathy end stage liver disease feedback system health health literacy hepatitis B hepatitis C liver cirrhosis liver disease nursing student outpatient patient patient compliance satisfaction training transplantation work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2014.286 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 88 TITLE The prescription analysis of sedative hypnotics in nursing home of hospital AUTHOR NAMES Kuo M.S. Pan H.M. Lin W.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kuo M.S.) Pharmacy, St Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Pan H.M.) Family Medicine Deparment, St Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Lin W.C.) Community Deparment, St Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Kuo, Pharmacy, St Joseph Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. SOURCE Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2014) 23 SUPPL. 1 (437-438). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 30th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management CONFERENCE LOCATION Taipei, Taiwan CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-24 to 2014-10-27 ISSN 1053-8569 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Purpose: The old age residents in nursing home besides having chronic diseases, some residents can also suffer with combination of psychiatric and psychotic disorders. The patients who suffer with these signs and symptoms can easily received sedative hypnotics through doctor's prescriptions when requested. Objectives: These patients can develop addiction and become dependent to the drugs after long-term used, under comprehensive care coordination, we try to evaluate the suitability of drugs. Methods: We collected the prescription data within six months, from July to December of 2013. Reviews and discussion happened once every month in regards of the kind of sedative hypnotic and the doses prescribed to our nursing home residents. Results: Our nursing home residents were 166 person. About 60 people (36%) were prescribed with sedative hypnotics, Long-term used over 6 months were 41.7%, used less than 6 months were 25%, frequently changing the kind of drugs were 18.3%. Within the sleep disturbance group, residents use 1 drug belonging to Benzodiazepam and non-Benzodiazepam were 27 people (45%), there were Alprazolam,Clonazepam,Estazolam, Fludiazepam,Lorazepam,Oxazolam, Zolpidem,etc. Detail of one drug used prescriptions: most prescribed was Lorazepam 1mg were 12 people (44%),least prescribed Zolpidem was 1 person (0.37%). Combine use of BZD+ non-BZD were 6 people,2 kinds of BZD were 2 people, and 3 kinds of BZD+ non BZD were 1 person. In the other 2 groups were combined with psychological& anxiolytic drugs were 25 people (38.3%). Within half year period, We reviewed 3630 prescriptions, that there were 8 people who was prescribed with repeats and overdose of drugs, and 5 of them discontinued or changed prescriptions after discussion with doctors. Conclusions: We can review and discuss the suitability of those prescriptions with the doctors, nurses and other workers in nursing home to help advises and update information of the side effects of the drugs prescribed. The result of analysis provides a safer way for other members of the caretaker team, provide helpful knowledge, and achieve the best benefit and good care quality in nursing home. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hypnotic agent sedative agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alprazolam anxiolytic agent clonazepam estazolam fludiazepam lorazepam oxazolam zolpidem EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital nursing home pharmacoepidemiology prescription risk management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction chronic disease human intoxication nurse nursing home patient patient physical disease by body function physician psychosis senescence side effect sleep disorder worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3701 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 89 TITLE Concomitant alcohol intoxication delays antibiotic treatment of sepsis in adult emergency department patients AUTHOR NAMES Dryer A. Kopelman Z. Dattilo A. Ward M.F. Schneider S. D'Amore J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dryer A.; Kopelman Z.; Dattilo A.; Ward M.F.; Schneider S.; D'Amore J.) North Shore - LIJ, Manhasset, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Dryer, North Shore - LIJ, Manhasset, United States. SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2014) 64:4 SUPPL. 1 (S34). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2014 Research Forum CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-27 to 2014-10-28 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Alcohol abuse is associated with a higher incidence of sepsis and hospital mortality. Previous studies demonstrate that patients with alcohol dependence (continuing alcoholism or alcohol withdrawal) are 75% more likely to develop septic shock, and 80% more likely to develop sepsis. Alcohol intoxication may exist as a confounding factor in the identification of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria, and subsequent treatment of sepsis patients. A literature search produced no published research examining the effects of alcohol intoxication on the timeliness of sepsis treatment in the acutely alcohol intoxicated patient population. Study Objective: To determine if there is a delay in antibiotic administration time for acutely intoxicated septic patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). Methods: IRB approved, retrospective, case-controlled study of a consecutive sample of patients presenting to the emergency department between January 2012 and February 2014. Setting: Urban tertiary care center with 85k visits/year. Experimental Inclusion Criteria: Suspicion of new infection, 2 SIRS criteria, and documentation of alcohol intoxication noted by a nurse or physician (ie, patient history, breathalyzer, and blood alcohol content). Control Inclusion Criteria: Suspicion of new infection, 2 SIRS criteria. Control subjects were sex, sepsis severity, and age (+/-3 years) matched to experimental subjects. There were no significant differences in blood pressure, lactate levels, and new organ dysfunction. Exclusion Criteria: <18 years of age, a documented goal of care discussion at the time of sepsis that precludes compliance with the sepsis bundle (a requested hold on antibiotics, etc), patient received on transfer from outside facility with sepsis, patients taking antibiotics at the time of ED presentation, and vulnerable populations. Study procedures: Demographics, co-morbidities, clinical data, and treatment details including antibiotic administration time were collected. Antibiotic administration time was defined as time zero (initial sepsis identification) to the time the first antibiotic was administered. Descriptive statistics were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (in parentheses) where appropriate. A paired sample t-test was used to assess statistical significance between experimental and control groups. Results: Data analysis revealed a mean antibiotic administration time of 118 minutes (56.5- 179.49) for intoxicated septic patients versus 36.4 minutes (0 - 84.76) for control patients (p<0.04 with 95% confidence). The mean age analyzed was 52.6 years across ten study subjects. Conclusions: There was a delay of antibiotic administration in alcohol intoxicated patients presenting to the emergency department with sepsis. Limitations include a single study site and small study sample. Further research is needed to better elucidate the reasons for critical delays in antibiotic treatment for emergency department sepsis patients who present with acute alcohol intoxication. Future research may explore response to treatment and the possibility of exacerbated organ dysfunction for the intoxicated sepsis patient population. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol antibiotic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adult alcohol intoxication antibiotic therapy college emergency physician emergency ward human patient sepsis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse alcohol blood level alcohol withdrawal alcoholism blood pressure clinical study confidence interval control group controlled study data analysis documentation infection medical history morbidity mortality nurse physician population procedures septic shock statistical significance statistics Student t test systemic inflammatory response syndrome tertiary care center vulnerable population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.119 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 90 TITLE Cancer and pain management: Debunking myths in Latino patients AUTHOR NAMES Juarez G. Mayorga L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Juarez G.; Mayorga L.) City Of Hope, Duarte, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Juarez, City Of Hope, Duarte, United States. SOURCE Psycho-Oncology (2014) 23 SUPPL. 3 (380-381). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME IPOS 16th World Congress of Psycho-Oncology and Psychosocial Academy CONFERENCE LOCATION Lisbon, Portugal CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-20 to 2014-10-24 ISSN 1057-9249 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pain is a sensitive topic among Latinos, due to fear of disease progression, treat- ment delays or pain medication addiction. Limited Spanish educational materials/programs on pain management are available. Culturally-relevant education on managing pain can empower patients to have an active voice in their care and learn how their cancer journey can be pain free. Purpose of this Spanish interactive education program was to educate patients/families on pain management and debunk cultural myths of cancer pain. METHOD: Cultural factors were considered developing the education intervention such as the significance of family or “familismo,” the most specific value for Latinos. Ten Spanish pain classes were conducted by Advance Practice Nurse and Health Educator. Five interactive components were embedded to ensure patients understanding and learning. Education was provided on how to interpret/use pain scales, creating a pain diary, medication list, and medication safety, including CAM & non-therapeutic options for pain management. Including education on pain management, pain types, and dispelling myths/perceptions of cancer pain. Patients/Families received a 2 hours educational class, program evaluation and post 30 day followup. RESULTS: 81 patients/caregivers participated in the educational program. Program identified a distorted perception of pain amongst Latinos: (1) pain was not manageable (2) it's part of treatment process (3) a way that the body is getting rid of cancer. Some refused medication for fear of addiction. 50% patients did not communicate their pain issues to their providers, for fear of treatment delay. 90% stated that the class provided them with tools and resources to take an active role in their care and managing their pain. In post 30 day follow-up patients reported that their cancer pain was reduced by 50%. CONCLUSIONS: Power of education and knowledge was evident within a 2-hour class, these perceptions were quickly dispelled. Patients learned that they could go through their cancer journey pain free. In addition to the importance of learning the facts about pain, equally critical in our classes has been the role of culture and how to frame information within this context. With our Hispanic patients, they had an added bonus - an incredible support system from their families, who attend the education classes with them. We learned that in most families everyone has a role in taking care of the patient. RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS: Need for more research in the area of pain management amongst latinos and their perceptions on cancer pain. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Both the medical community and patients need to do understand more about pain and pain management strategies in order to attain better health outcomes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia Hispanic human literature neoplasm oncology patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction cancer pain community cultural factor disease course drug therapy education education program fear follow up health health educator learning nurse pain pain assessment program evaluation safety therapy delay vascular guide wire voice LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1611.2014.3697 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 91 TITLE Assessment of personal and social functioning and caregiver burden in schizophrenics treated with paliperidone palmitate long acting injectable, followed up for 1 year AUTHOR NAMES Zarranz I. Bolaño S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zarranz I.; Bolaño S.) Hospital Provincial de Toledo, Psiquiatria, Toledo, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Zarranz, Hospital Provincial de Toledo, Psiquiatria, Toledo, Spain. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 24 SUPPL. 2 (S551-S552). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 27th European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-18 to 2014-10-21 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Objectives: Patients with schizophrenia can experience great disruption to their lives, not only difficulties in better functioning in the society [1], but also to maintain social relationships and/or a job. They are unable to perform basic personal and social roles or activities, which impacts the quality of life of both, patients and families [2]. It is widely known that adherence to treatment is low. A very helpful approach to improve adherence and clinical, functional, and economic outcomes of schizophenia is the use of longacting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics, although only a minority of patients receives these. In order to improve non-adherence to treatment, there are some issues needed to be adderessed: insight, social and family support, multidisciplinary approches and addressing adverse advents, by simplifying administration routes making treatments more comfortable [3]. Methods: This is a 1-year prospective study of schizophrenia, outpatients from Hospital Provincial de Toledo. They were interviewed at baseline. 6 months and 12 months using the PSP and Zarit scales to assess funtioning and caregiver's burden, respectively. Considering the dose received of paliperidone palmitate, cost of treatment by patient and year were calculated and compared to cost of treatment by patient and if they were receiving, instead of PP, equivalent doses of RLAI. This study followed the inclusion criteria as: Patients needed to (a) be over 18 years of age; (b) meet ICD-10 criteria for TAB, Paranoid Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder; (c) have remained stable (meaning not having been hospitalized or visiting urgency setting) during the last 12 months; (d) not have a I or II axis disorder except for nicotine or caffeine dependence; (e) not have been participating in psychosocial programs (CRPSL, Day Hospital); (f) sign a written informed consent or have a guardian sign this informed consent. Exclusion criteria were patients on an IC<70, with understanding language problems or sensory disorders (deafness). Results: A statistically significant improvement in patient functioning and caregiver's burden was observed during the study period (∗p<0.05). Regarding our third study outcome, we could observe a significant economic impact on savings between the different groups of patients, considering their paliperidone palmitate treatment doses vs. RLAI. Conclusions: At the end of this one year-long follow-up analyses, we can conclude that: paliperidone palmitate was effective to improve personal and social performance, measured by PSP scale, of the studied patients, as well as, the caregiver's burden, measured by Zarit scale. These improvements were observed from the first 6 months and maintained over the 1-year follow-up. Economics outcomes were substantially better with paliperidone palmitate than with RLAI, obtaining savings of 26,345.36EU/year. The absence of treatment indirect cost measurements (as hospitalizations, urgency visits, concomitant medication cost, if applicable, nurse visits, etc.) may bias the results of the economic analysis. In addition, considering the previous patient antipsychotic medication, some of them could require higher or lower doses of paliperidone palmitate. On the other hand, it may be possible that improvements in functionality and caregiver's burden could decrease these indirect costs, which could be translated into higher savings. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) paliperidone EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS caffeine neuroleptic agent nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) caregiver burden college psychopharmacology schizophrenia social interaction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS day hospital diseases drug administration route drug therapy economics follow up hearing impairment hospital hospital patient hospitalization human ICD-10 informed consent language nurse outpatient paranoid schizophrenia patient patient compliance postsynaptic potential prospective study quality of life schizoaffective psychosis sensory dysfunction society work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 92 TITLE Analgesic response to intramuscular ketorolac in the obese patient population in the emergency department AUTHOR NAMES Van Berkel M. Jonap B. Davis L. Negrete A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Van Berkel M.; Negrete A.) Pharmacy Department, Methodist University Hospital, Memphis, United States. (Jonap B.) Department of Pharmacy, Methodist University Hospital, United States. (Davis L.) Emergency Department, Methodist University Hospital, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Van Berkel, Pharmacy Department, Methodist University Hospital, Memphis, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e241-e242). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Austin, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Analgesic selection in the Emergency Department (ED) can be challenging due to possible opioid abuse or absence of intravenous access. Additionally, intramuscular (IM) injection in the obese population may be problematic, given the standard IM needle length. This study evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on analgesic response to IM ketorolac in non-obese, obese, and morbidly obese patients treated in the ED. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of adult patients treated for pain with 60 mg IM ketorolac in the ED from November 2013 through April 2014. Pain scores were completed at the discretion of the nursing team using a traditional 10 point Likert pain scale, and the change in pre and post treatment scores was compared for patients who are non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m(2)), obese (BMI 30.1-35 kg/m(2)), and morbidly obese (>35 kg/m(2)). Exclusion criteria were a post pain score collected <30 minutes from the time of ketorolac injection, concomitant administration of another analgesic, or incomplete demographic and pain score data. RESULTS: During the inclusion period, 120 patients met eligibility for inclusion out of 388 charts reviewed. There was no difference in patient age, location of pain, location of IM injection, or pre-treatment pain scores. There were more females in the obese and morbidly obese groups (p=0.0012). There was no difference in the primary outcome of average change in pain response for patients in the non-obese (6.6 ± 3.0), obese (6.0 ± 3.7) and morbidly obese (6.0 ± 3.1) groups, (p=0.593). A multiple regression analysis was performed for the primary outcome and found no difference between groups after controlling for time to post-treatment pain score and location of injection (p=0.634). CONCLUSIONS: BMI did not affect mean change in pain score suggesting effective administration in the obese population. Data will be collected for additional analysis. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent ketorolac EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American clinical pharmacy college emergency ward human patient population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse adult body mass female hospital patient injection intramuscular drug administration multiple regression needle nursing pain pain assessment retrospective study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 93 TITLE Intravenous antibiotics impact on post-ERCP pancreatitis AUTHOR NAMES Abdelfatah M. Enriquez K. El Zoghbi M. Shill M. Kandil H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Abdelfatah M.; Enriquez K.) AGMC, Northeast Ohio University, Akron, United States. (Shill M.) Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AGMC, Northeast Ohio University, Akron, United States. (El Zoghbi M.) Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals, Case Medical Center, Cleveland, United States. (Kandil H.) Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Abdelfatah, AGMC, Northeast Ohio University, Akron, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Gastroenterology (2014) 109 SUPPL. 2 (S87). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 79th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Gastroenterology CONFERENCE LOCATION Philadelphia, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-17 to 2014-10-22 ISSN 0002-9270 BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Introduction: In a previous report, antibiotic prophylaxis of intravenous ceftazidime given 30 minutes before ERCP decreased the risk of pancreatitis, suggesting that bacteria could play a role in the pathogenesis of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). We aimed to evaluate the role of antibiotics on the incidence of PEP. Methods: A single-center, retrospective, case-control study was conducted to evaluate the potential effect of pre-ERCP intravenous antibiotics (piperacillin and tazobactam, ciprofloxacin and cefoxitin) in preventing PEP. All patients who underwent ERCP between January 2007 and February 2014 were included. Medical records of the patients were reviewed for demographic information, history of systemic disease, smoking, and alcohol abuse. Physician orders and nursing notes were reviewed to confirm intravenous antibiotics use prior to ERCP. PEP was defined based on new onset abdominal pain requiring hospitalization for at least 2 nights and increase in serum lipase and/or amylase ≥3 times the upper limit of the normal level at least 24 hours after the procedure. Results: Two hundred eighty ERCPs were performed during the study period; the average patient age was 63.1 years, with 158 females, and 36 patients with history of pancreatitis. Patients were divided in those taking intravenous antibiotics (n=88) and control group (n=192) who did not take antibiotics. Fifteen patients developed PEP, 7 of 88 patients (7.9%) taking antibiotics and 8 of 192 (4.1%) not taking antibiotics (p=0.205). The following factors were found to be significantly associated with an increased incidence of PEP, history of PEP, female sex, and difficult cannulation/ failed attempt. Conclusion: Our study did not show any evidence to support a role for antibiotics (piperacillin and tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin) in decreasing the incidence or severity of PEP. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amylase cefoxitin ceftazidime ciprofloxacin piperacillin tazobactam EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American college endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography gastroenterology pancreatitis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abdominal pain alcohol abuse antibiotic prophylaxis bacterium case control study control group female hospitalization human medical record night nursing pathogenesis patient physician procedures risk smoking systemic disease triacylglycerol lipase blood level LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2014.275 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 94 TITLE Revisiting Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED): The impact of a pharmacist telephone intervention on hospital readmission rates AUTHOR NAMES Mancuso M. Sanchez G. Douglass M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mancuso M.; Sanchez G.) Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. (Douglass M.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Northeastern University, School of Pharmacy, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Mancuso, Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e200). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Austin, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED) is a discharge nurse education (DNE) and pharmacist follow-up telephone intervention protocol that was shown to significantly decrease re-hospitalization. The specific value of the pharmacist intervention was not originally evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacist telephone intervention during the transition of care process on the rate of unplanned hospitalization within 30 days of patient discharge. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was completed for patients who received DNE counseling and were discharged to home from the family medicine service at Boston Medical Center from July, 2012-May, 2013. Patients were stratified into two groups: contacted/intervention, and unable to contact/no intervention. The primary outcome was the rate of unplanned hospital utilization, including emergency room visits and readmissions, within 30 days of discharge. Secondary endpoints included number of pharmacist interventions and time spent on phone calls. RESULTS: There were 401 patients identified; 277 patients received a pharmacist telephone intervention and 124 patients were unable to be contacted. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups, with the exception of a higher prevalence of substance abuse in the non-intervention group (41.9% vs 21.3%, p<0.001). The rate of unplanned hospitalization (visits/ patient) was significantly reduced in the intervention group, compared to the unable to contact group (0.227 vs 0.519, p<0.001). Pharmacists made a total of 128 interventions and spent an average of 22 minutes on each telephone intervention. CONCLUSION: Patients unable to be contacted by a pharmacist after hospital discharge were more likely to be readmitted or visit the emergency room in the 30 days following discharge. A pharmacist telephone intervention as part of a comprehensive discharge protocol can positively impact patients during the transition of care process by reducing incidence of unplanned hospital utilization. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American clinical pharmacy college hospital readmission human pharmacist telephone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS counseling emergency ward family medicine follow up hospital discharge hospital utilization hospitalization medical record review nursing education patient prevalence substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 95 TITLE Clear: Clinical and laboratory data evaluation for an appropriate medication review AUTHOR NAMES Mestres Gonzalvo C. Hurkens K.P.G.M. De Wit H.A.J.M. Janknegt R. Schols J.M.G.A. Mulder W.J. Verhey F.R. Winkens B. Van Der Kuy P.H.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mestres Gonzalvo C.; De Wit H.A.J.M.; Janknegt R.; Van Der Kuy P.H.M.) Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Orbis Medical Centre, Sittard, Netherlands. (Hurkens K.P.G.M.; Mulder W.J.) Dept. of Internal Medicine, MUMC, Netherlands. (Schols J.M.G.A.) Dept. of General Practice and Health Services Research, CAPHRI, Netherlands. (Verhey F.R.) Dept. of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, MHeNS, Netherlands. (Winkens B.) Dept. of Methodology and Statistics, CAPHRI, UM, Maastricht, Netherlands. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Mestres Gonzalvo, Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Orbis Medical Centre, Sittard, Netherlands. SOURCE British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 78:4 (770). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME Dutch Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy Meeting 2013 CONFERENCE DATE 2013-03-26 to 2013-03-26 ISSN 0306-5251 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Introduction Polymedicated patients, including nursing home residents, have an increased risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions, problems with drug choice, dose and treatment duration, and probably undertreatment. In addition, the management of such patients is often challenging due to complex impairment and/or comorbidity [1, 2]. The ultimate goal is to develop a clinical decision support system within the SCREEN study (ZonMw) to support clinical practice in nursing homes and homes for the aged. The aim of this study was to evaluate to which extent laboratory data, actual medication, medical history and drug indication are used in daily practice. Methods Healthcare professionals including nursing home physicians, community pharmacists and general practitioners, were requested to perform medication reviews for 3 different cases (A, B, C) in three different situations in relation to the amount of available information at a time: stage 1 only with the medication list, 2 adding the laboratory data and the reason for admission, and stage 3 adding the medical history. The number of remarks and their clinical relevance was retrospectively assessed, per stage, by our expert panel in order to establish the golden standard. Results The results after the comparison with the golden standard medication are listed in Table 1. Medication problems which were identified by few participants included the addition of new medication and switching medication according to clinical data and/or guidelines. On the other hand, benzodiazepines related remarks were well identified together with dose reduction and/or drug stopping due to laboratory values or lack of indication. Conclusion The large variation in the quality of these medication reviews, as well as a the low mean quality, highlights that information is not correctly used or wrongly interpreted, irrespective of the available information. (Table Presented). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS benzodiazepine derivative EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacology drug therapy laboratory society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction clinical practice clinical study comorbidity decision support system drug choice drug dose reduction drug indication general practitioner gold standard health care personnel home for the aged human medical history nursing home nursing home patient patient pharmacist physician risk treatment duration LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcp.12400 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 96 TITLE A novel six-sigma-based multidisciplinary administrative intervention reduces opioid-seeking patient emergency department recidivism AUTHOR NAMES Ketcham E.M. Fredella A. Malone M. Ketcham C. Larkin G.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ketcham E.M.; Fredella A.; Malone M.; Ketcham C.; Larkin G.L.) San Juan Regional Medical Center, Farmington, NM; University of Aukland, Aukland, New Zealand CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.M. Ketcham, SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2014) 64:4 SUPPL. 1 (S99). Date of Publication: October 2014 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2014 Research Forum CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-27 to 2014-10-28 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objectives: Opioid-seeking visits to United States emergency departments (EDs) cost billions and have increased an estimated 614% from 1995 to 2008. The objective of this study is to determine if a novel, six-sigma based, multi-departmental, coordinated intervention program, focused on high-ED-utilizing (rate of > 10 visits/ yr), opioid-seeking patients could reduce ED recidivism at 12 months. Methods: Quasi-experimental, open, prospective translational cohort study, in a semi-rural, non-academic, community/county hospital, with ED volume of >50,000 patients/year. Study subjects included adult and adolescent patients, identified with a high level of certainty, to be primarily opioid seeking, based on a high rate of ED utilization (> 10 visits/yr or at least 6 in the preceding 6 months), clear demands for opioids, or opioid abuse-related overdoses. Patients exceeding visit threshold (10 in preceding 1 year or 6 in preceding 6 months), as well as those referred by either a health care team member or friend/family member, were reviewed systematically by an impartial multi-disciplinary committee. The committee determined by consensus if the patient's hospital, ED, laboratory, and state pharmacy board records reflect opioid abuse and/or opioid-seeking behavior. If classified by the committee as opioid abusing/ seeking, patients were “enrolled” in the recidivism program, and the patient was sent a notification letter. All “enrolled” patients were identified as such upon ED revisit using an icon on the electronic medical record (EMR) tracking board. Physician and nursing staff were in-serviced/educated at program outset and informed not to administer opioids to icon-bearing patients unless circumstances were extenuating (eg, newly documented severe trauma). Cohort ED visit rate was continually updated via ED EMR dashboard. Primary outcome measure was the cohort ED visit rates over 12 months pre- and post-intervention. Results: From March 2012 through February 2013, through a series of 17 chart review sessions, the committee reviewed 542 patients, and identified a cohort of opioid seeking patients (N = 298 patients), which were each tracked for 1 year. Number of ED visits dropped from M = 13.5/yr (SD = 3.68) prior to program implementation to M = 4.50/yr (SD = 1.30) afterwards (Wilcoxon matched-pairs P=.001). Total ED visits for the identified at-risk population dropped from 4,024 in year one to 1,319 in year two; a reduction of 2,705 visits (67%). Additionally, cost analysis of a random sample of 105 pre-program ED visits within this at-risk population revealed operating costs of $924/visit. With a reduction of 2,705 presumably unnecessary ED visits, approximately $8.38 million in charges and approximately $2.50 million in operating costs were avoided. Conclusion: A six-sigma-based intervention targeting high ED utilizing opioidseeking patients reduced ED revisits significantly at 12 months. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college emergency physician emergency ward human patient recidivism EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse adolescent adult cohort analysis consensus cost benefit analysis electronic medical record health care hospital injury intoxication laboratory medical record review nursing staff pharmacy physician population random sample risk United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.306 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 97 TITLE Teaching motivational interviewing skills to medical care providers in the tohoku area, where people suffered from an earthquake and atsunami in 2011 AUTHOR NAMES Sakuma H. Matsushita S. Fujita S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sakuma H.; Matsushita S.; Fujita S.) National Health Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Sakuma, National Health Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Japan. SOURCE Alcohol and Alcoholism (2014) 49 SUPPL. 1 (i26). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 16th International Society of Addiction Medicine Annual Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Yokohama, Japan CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-02 to 2014-10-06 ISSN 0735-0414 BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press ABSTRACT An earthquake of 9.0 magnitude hit the north eastern area of Japan on March 11, 2011. Many residents in the area are still forced to live in temporary housing. Under stressful situation such as these natural disasters, various risks of mental illness tend to increase. Many kinds of community mental health care providers such as public health nurses, psychiatric social workers, and administrative health care consultants are active in disaster areas. Sometimes they face the residents' denial. Some people refuse to be concerned about their drinking issues or unhealthy habits. We are visiting the disaster areas of Ofunato City and Rikuzen-takata City monthly, and we are supervising the intervention of the mental health care providers.We are providing intervention skills that are based on motivational interviewing and problem solving. As a result of the health care providers applying such intervention skills, some residents have changed their distractive behaviors. In one case, one person who had alcohol abuse problems stopped drinking, although he had never changed his drinking behavior before. In another case, one person who had serious Somatoform Disorder participated regularly in counseling with an administrative health care consultant. Through these cases, one can see the application of motivational interviewing techniques for community health care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction earthquake human medical care motivational interviewing skill society teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse city community care community mental health consultation counseling drinking drinking behavior habit health care health care personnel housing Japan mental disease mental health care natural disaster nurse problem solving risk social worker somatoform disorder LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agu052.124 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 98 TITLE Nurse's perspectives on care provided for patients with gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma-butyrolactone abuse AUTHOR NAMES Lundahl M.-K. Olovsson K.J. Rönngren Y. Norbergh K.-G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lundahl M.-K.; Olovsson K.J.; Rönngren Y.; Norbergh K.-G.) Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden SOURCE Journal of clinical nursing (2014) 23:17-18 (2589-2598). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2014 ISSN 1365-2702 (electronic) ABSTRACT AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe registered nurses' views and experiences providing care for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma-butyrolactone abuse inpatients in a psychiatric unit.BACKGROUND: Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and gamma-butyrolactone are illegal drugs with potentially fatal outcomes that are entering wider use in Scandinavia. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid-dependent persons with withdrawal symptoms often require forceful withdrawal treatment provided in psychiatric units.DESIGN: A qualitative study with a purposive sample including interviews from registered nurses.METHODS: Data were collected from interviews with 15 registered nurses working in specialised dependency units in psychiatric wards. The data collected were analysed through a descriptive, qualitative analysis.RESULTS: The registered nurses' narratives revealed four main areas of convergence: feelings of anxiety and despair, preparation for unpredictable and precarious situations, striving for good relationship and striving to optimise and develop nursing care. The interviews revealed that registered nurses reflect on and discuss their feelings about their patients' situations with colleagues; prepare themselves for potential aggressiveness and unpredictable situations; improve their care through conscious attitude adjustment and relationship-forming behaviours; and strive to increase their personal knowledge, maintain a hopeful outlook and exhibit a positive approach. These themes were found in all nine categories and sixteen subcategories.DISCUSSION: The findings based on the registered nurses' narratives indicated that the registered nurses experienced their work situation when caring for these patients to be very complex and demanding.CONCLUSION: The study revealed that registered nurses worked extensively to craft their approach and attitude towards their patients. It is clear that registered nurses use themselves as tools or instruments for the creation of good relationships, thus providing the best care possible.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Registered nurses should be given more education, clearer guidelines and better guidance to assist them in facing such challenging and often problematic situations. One-on-one shadowing provides the possibility to create and develop relationship. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) gamma butyrolactone hydroxybutyric acid EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS 4 hydroxybutyric acid 4 hydroxybutyric acid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing nursing practice EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult female hospital patient hospital subdivisions and components human interview male middle aged psychiatric nursing Scandinavia CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS gamma butyrolactone (96-48-0) hydroxybutyric acid (1320-61-2, 35054-79-6) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24372816 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24372816) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12475 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 99 TITLE Dying with dementia in long-term care settings: Research crossing borders AUTHOR NAMES Van Der Steen J.T. Van Den Block L. Geschwindner H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Van Der Steen J.T.; Van Den Block L.) VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (Geschwindner H.) City of Zurich Nursing Centres, Zurich, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.T. Van Der Steen, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands. SOURCE European Geriatric Medicine (2014) 5 SUPPL. 1 (S24-S25). Date of Publication: September 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 10th International Congress of the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society - Geriatric Medicine Crossing Borders, EUGMS 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Rotterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2014-09-17 to 2014-09-19 ISSN 1878-7649 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT The Dutch End of Life in Dementia Study (J.T. van der Steen): The Dutch End of Life in Dementia (DEOLD) Study (data collection 2007-2011) involved both a prospective and retrospective data collection in a nationally representative sample of 34 long-term care facilities. Part of the instruments were the same as the US CASCADE study, but the Dutch study did not limit to advanced dementia, and the prospective data collection started directly upon admission. Further, rather than relying on chart review for medical data, the physicians provided data helped the elderly care physicians being on the staff in the Netherlands and their views therefore also being highly relevant to improve practice. We had the opportunity to rely on dementia diagnoses available upon admission to a psychogeriatric ward. We found that half of the patients died before reaching the stage of advanced dementia. Nevertheless, symptom burdens were high, for example, over half suffered from pain for more than a day in the last week of life. Tools to observe pain systematically were not being used. A direct comparison of the Dutch and the Flemish family views, however, indicated that Dutch families found their relatives dying process more comfortable. Quality of dying of nursing home residents with dementia in Flanders, Belgium (L. van den Block): To inform practitioners and policy-makers in the field of long term care, we investigated the clinical characteristics and quality of dying of nursing home residents dying with dementia in Flanders, Belgium. In 2010, we performed a large-scale, postmortem study in nursing homes, representative for the region. For every deceased resident in a period of three months a structured questionnaire was filled in by the nurse most involved in care, the family physician, and the nursing home administrator. We used the Cognitive Performance Scale and Global Deterioration Scale to assess dementia. We identified 198 deceased residents with dementia in 69 nursing homes (58% response rate). Fifty-four percent had advanced dementia. In the last month of life, 95.5% had one or more sentinel events (eg, eating/drinking problems, febrile episodes, or pneumonia). Most frequently reported symptoms were pain, fear, anxiety, agitation, and resistance to care. In the last week of life, difficulty swallowing and pain were reported most frequently. Pressure sores were present in 27%, incontinence in 89%, and cachexia in 46%. Physical restraints were used in 21% of cases, and 10% died outside the nursing home. Comparing stages of dementia revealed few differences between groups regarding clinical complications, symptoms, or quality of dying. Hence, regardless of the dementia stage, many nursing home residents develop serious clinical complications and symptoms at the end of life. Although palliative care is being integrated increasingly in nursing home structures in Belgium, actual end-of-life practices might still be improved, as training of nursing home staff lacks behind. Researching dementia end-of-life care in Switzerland - the ZULIDAD study (H. Geschwindner): Data on end-of-life care for dementia is lacking in Switzerland. As part of a Swiss national research priority program on palliative care, the Zurich Life and Death with Advanced Dementia (ZULIDAD) study investigates the last phase of life in dementia with three different methods. First, a prospective longitudinal study of nursing home residents with advanced dementia (n = 200) gathers observational data in four selected nursing homes in Zurich during three years (start of data collection: 2013). This study shares key study instruments with the Dutch DEOLD and the Belgian Dying Well studies enabling international comparisons and covers the perspective of both family members and professional caregivers. Secondly, an analysis of a large database of RAI-MDS (resident assessment instrument-minimum data set) data from several hundred nursing homes across Switzerland is performed in parallel enabling development of RAI-MDS sub scores and cross-validation of results on a larger scale. Third, a Round Table consisting of family members, professionals in dementia and palliative care and researchers serves as element of stakeholder participation during the entire course of ZULIDAD. The talk will inform the audience about the organization of end-of-life care for dementia in Switzerland as well as present preliminary ZULIDAD data on the prevalence and trajectories of key symptoms at this stage of disease. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia European Union geriatrics long term care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel agitation anxiety Belgium cachexia caregiver data base death decubitus deterioration diagnosis elderly care exercise fear general practitioner human incontinence information processing longitudinal study medical record review Netherlands nurse nursing home nursing home patient nursing home personnel odontoid process pain palliative therapy patient physician pneumonia policy prevalence research priority sample size scientist sentinel event structured questionnaire swallowing Switzerland terminal care ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 100 TITLE An audit of the plate Pal volunteer programme in a long term care nursing unit for older persons AUTHOR NAMES Murphy C. Staveley R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy C.; Staveley R.) Raheny Community Nursing Unit, Raheny, Dublin, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Murphy, Raheny Community Nursing Unit, Raheny, Dublin, Ireland. SOURCE Irish Journal of Medical Science (2014) 183:7 SUPPL. 1 (S385). Date of Publication: September 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 62nd Annual and Scientific Meeting of the Irish Gerontological Society, IGS 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Galway, Ireland CONFERENCE DATE 2014-10-09 to 2014-10-11 ISSN 0021-1265 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer London ABSTRACT Background: Poor appetite and difficulty with eating and drinking are problems faced by many older people in long term residential care (Furman 2006). Feelings of loneliness and helplessness can be a common theme within this population group. The Plate Pal volunteer service provides one-on-one companionship to residents at mealtimes. They can provide assistance and gentle reminders to eat, provide company and stimulating conversation for residents. The Plate Pal programme commenced in the nursing unit in June 2013 on a phased basis.Atotal of 12 volunteers visit.The Dietician and Speech and Language Therapist carried out an audit to measure the volunteer's experiences so far and help identify areas for service enhancement. Methods: 12 Plate Pal volunteers were asked to complete a 5-question questionnaire using the Likert rating scale, with 1 being ''I disagree'' and 10 being ''I agree''. The questions aimed to measure the volunteers' overall experience including satisfaction, support, relationships with staff and residents, and confidence. Results: Eight of eleven questionnaireswere returned. Of those, 75 %of volunteers strongly agreed that they feel supported by staff in the nursing home. 87 % of volunteers strongly agreed that they find the volunteer experience rewarding. 62 % strongly agree that they feel confident as a Plate Pal volunteer. 62 % of volunteers felt strongly that contact with other volunteers within the nursing home was important. 50 % of plate pals felt strongly that they had developed a good relationship with their resident, 25 % were unsure and 25 % did not comment. Conclusion: Overall the Plate Pal volunteers report to have a positive experience in the nursing home and find their service very rewarding. The feedback will help develop and improve our services to residents in our nursing unit. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human long term care medical audit nursing unit society volunteer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS appetite conversation dietitian drinking eating feedback system helplessness loneliness nursing home population group questionnaire rating scale residential care satisfaction speech and language LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11845-014-1177-1 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 101 TITLE Risk and protective factors for relapse among Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania AUTHOR NAMES Sariah A.E. Outwater A.H. Malima K.I.Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sariah A.E., adellahsariah@gmail.com) Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (HKMU), Faculty of Nursing, 322 Regent Estate, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. (Outwater A.H., outwater@yahoo.com) School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. (Malima K.I.Y., kmalima@costech.or.tz) Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.E. Sariah, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University (HKMU), Faculty of Nursing, 322 Regent Estate, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. SOURCE BMC Psychiatry (2014) 14:1 Article Number: 240. Date of Publication: 30 Aug 2014 ISSN 1471-244X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER BioMed Central Ltd., info@biomedcentral.com ABSTRACT Background: Relapse in people with schizophrenia is a major challenge for mental health service providers in Tanzania and other countries. Approximately 10% of people with schizophrenia are re-admitted due to relapse at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) Psychiatric Unit each month. Relapse brings about negative effects and it results in a huge burden to patients, their families, the mental health sector and the country's economy. So far no study has been done to address relapse in Tanzania. The purpose of the study was to explore perspectives on risk and protective factors influencing relapse of people with schizophrenia and their caregivers attending Muhimbili National Hospital Psychiatric Out-patient Department, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, involving in-depth interviews of seven people with schizophrenia who are out-patients and their seven family caregivers at MNH. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for the study. Audio recorded in-depth interviews in Swahili language were conducted with all study participants. The recorded information was transcribed and analyzed using NVivo 9 computer assisted qualitative data analysis software.Results: Personal risk and protective factors for relapse, environmental risk and protective factors for relapse and suggestions to reduce relapse were the main themes that emerged from this study. People with schizophrenia and their caregivers (all of whom were relatives) perceived non adherence to antipsychotic medication as a leading risk factor of relapse; other risks included poor family support, stressful life events and substance use. Family support, adherence to antipsychotic medication, employment and religion were viewed as protective factors. Participants suggested strengthening mental health psycho-education sessions and community home visits conducted by mental health nurses to help reduce relapse. Other suggestions included strengthening the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship in provision of mental health care.Conclusions: This study calls for improvement in mental health care service delivery to individuals with schizophrenia. Establishing a curricular in mental health nursing that aims to produce competent mental health nurse force would improve nursing practice in mental health care service delivery. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS chlorpromazine (drug therapy) haloperidol (drug combination, drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) olanzapine (drug therapy) trihexyphenidyl (drug combination, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) relapse schizophrenia (drug therapy, drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article cannabis addiction caregiver clinical article employment evening dosage female human interview male medication compliance mental health care middle aged nurse nurse patient relationship nursing practice outpatient patient compliance peer group professional practice psychoeducation psychopharmacotherapy qualitative research religion risk factor social support substance use Tanzania very elderly DRUG TRADE NAMES artane CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0) haloperidol (52-86-8) olanzapine (132539-06-1) trihexyphenidyl (144-11-6, 52-49-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014847443 MEDLINE PMID 25168715 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25168715) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0240-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 102 TITLE Feasibility of discontinuing chronic benzodiazepine use in nursing home residents: A pilot study AUTHOR NAMES Bourgeois J. Elseviers M.M. Van Bortel L. Petrovic M. Stichele R.H.V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bourgeois J., jolyce.bourgeois@ugent.be; Elseviers M.M.; Van Bortel L.; Petrovic M.; Stichele R.H.V.) Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium. (Elseviers M.M.) Department of Nursing Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. (Petrovic M.) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Bourgeois, Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium. SOURCE European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 70:10 (1251-1260). Date of Publication: 8 Aug 2014 ISSN 1432-1041 (electronic) 0031-6970 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, service@springer.de ABSTRACT Purpose: Guidelines discourage chronic benzodiazepines and related Z drugs (BZD/Zs) for sleep problems. However, prevalence among nursing home residents remains high. Discontinuing these drugs is widely recommended but seems difficult to implement. The aim of our study was to evaluate the overall feasibility in the nursing home, in terms of willingness towards discontinuation and success rate at 8 months, together with the impact on withdrawal symptoms, change in sleep quality, quality of life and medication use. Methods: In a convenience sample of five nursing homes (823 residents), we included cognitively competent residents with chronic BZD/Z use for insomnia. We investigated sleep quality [with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)], quality of life (EQ-5D) and withdrawal symptoms [Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Symptom Questionnaire (BWSQ)]. Success rate was analysed with survival analysis. Results: Of the 135 eligible residents, both general physician (GP) and resident were willing to initiate discontinuation in 38 residents. Reasons for refusing to initiate discontinuation among GPs was the unmotivated patient and among residents the reluctance towards change. At 8 months, 66.0 % were successful discontinuers, with the subjective PSQI component evolving favourably (p = 0.013) and a decreasing number of midnight awakenings (p = 0.041). In the relapse group (n = 13), the quality of life decreased (p = 0.012), with mainly an increase of problems with activities and pain/discomfort. In both groups, the withdrawal symptoms, functionality and medication use did not change. Conclusion: Discontinuation of chronic BZD/Z use is feasible in the nursing home setting without noticeable withdrawal symptoms, without a switch in medication use, without detrimental effect on quality of life and with a positive effect on the self-perceived sleep quality. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS benzodiazepine derivative nitrogen 13 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human nursing home nursing home patient pilot study sleep EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arousal convenience sample drug therapy general practitioner insomnia patient Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index prevalence quality of life questionnaire relapse sleep quality survival withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014727369 MEDLINE PMID 25098683 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25098683) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-014-1725-7 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 103 TITLE Training nurses and nursing students about prevention, diagnoses, and treatment of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders AUTHOR NAMES Zoorob R.J. Durkin K.M. Gonzalez S.J. Adams S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zoorob R.J.) Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA (Durkin K.M.) Department of Social Work, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, USA; University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA (Gonzalez S.J.) Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, 37208-3599 TN, USA. Electronic address: sgonzalez@mmc.edu (Adams S.) PMHNP Program, Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, TN, USA SOURCE Nurse education in practice (2014) 14:4 (338-344). Date of Publication: 1 Aug 2014 ISSN 1873-5223 (electronic) ABSTRACT Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can result in birth defects known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. This study examined whether 1-h training sessions on alcohol screening, brief intervention, diagnoses, and treatment of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders could increase practical knowledge and confidence in nurses and student nurses. Data were collected from 420 nurses (n = 95) and student nurses (n = 325) in the southeastern United States, from 2009 to 2011. Pre- and post-test data were analyzed using chi-square tests and t-tests. The post-training response rate was 84%. Nurses were more likely to know what constitutes binge drinking, facial abnormalities associated with fetal alcohol syndrome, and criteria for diagnosis. Nurses were also more confident in educating about effects of prenatal alcohol use, identifying fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and utilizing resources. Training materials may need to be improved and/or longer training programs developed for student nurses, and nursing school programs should place more emphasis on educating and preparing student nurses regarding this topic area. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adverse effects education nursing organization and management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult attitude to health comparative study curriculum drinking behavior female fetal alcohol syndrome (diagnosis, etiology, prevention) human nursing education nursing staff nursing student practice guideline pregnancy United States young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24393607 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24393607) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2013.11.009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 104 TITLE Alcohol reduction starts here AUTHOR NAMES Dermody E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dermody E.) Royal Preston Hospital and Chorley District Hospital SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2014) 28:43 (24-25). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2014 ISSN 2047-9018 (electronic) ABSTRACT Emma Dermody leads a hospital-based specialist nursing team working with patients who have alcohol-related problems. They aim to reduce admissions by early intervention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior nursing patient education procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention) health promotion human United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25159766 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25159766) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.28.43.24.s28 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 105 TITLE Nursing students' experiences with screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for substance use in the clinical/hospital setting AUTHOR NAMES Braxter B.J. Puskar K. Mitchell A.M. Hagle H. Gotham H. Terry M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Braxter B.J.; Puskar K.; Mitchell A.M.; Hagle H.; Gotham H.; Terry M.A.) Betty J. Braxter, PhD, RN, CNM, Kathy Puskar, DrPH, RN, FAAN, and Ann M. Mitchell, PhD, RN, FAAN, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pennsylvania. Holly Hagle, PhD, Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Heather Gotham, PhD, University of Missouri-Kansas City. Martha Ann Terry, PhD, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pennsylvania SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2014) 25:3 (122-129). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2014 ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Although Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an effective early intervention when used across healthcare settings, its implementation has been difficult, in part because of lack of training, healthcare providers' feelings of low self-efficacy in performing SBIRT, and negative attitudes about people who use alcohol and drugs. This study used qualitative descriptive methods to examine baccalaureate nursing students' experiences with practicing SBIRT in clinical rotations following in-depth classroom work and skill-based training. Fifty-five junior level nursing students participated in four focus groups. Three overarching themes describe students' experiences with SBIRT. Students expressed a positive impact of the training on their attitudes and feelings of self-efficacy regarding the use of SBIRT, differences in opinions about whether SBIRT should be used universally with all patients or as a targeted intervention with only some patients, and that SBIRT is a nursing responsibility. These results suggest that education and training can affect attitudes and efficacy, but that attention needs to be paid to how SBIRT is implemented within different healthcare settings. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing nursing process nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult female health personnel attitude human information processing male nursing education United States university hospital LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25202808 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25202808) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000037 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 106 TITLE Telepsychiatry for geriatric residents in rural nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Steinberg S.I. Gallop R. Syed I. Shraddha J. Mohammed A.A. Singh H. Bogner H.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steinberg S.I., susanne.steinberg45@gmail.com) Crozer Chester Medical Center, Upland, United States. (Gallop R.) West Chester University, West Chester, United States. (Syed I.; Shraddha J.; Singh H.) Temple University, Philadelphia, United States. (Mohammed A.A.) Leesburg Regional Medical Center, Leesburg, United States. (Bogner H.R.) University of Pennsylvania, Phiadelphia, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.I. Steinberg, Crozer Chester Medical Center, Upland, United States. Email: susanne.steinberg45@gmail.com SOURCE Alzheimer's and Dementia (2014) 10 SUPPL. 4 (P768). Date of Publication: July 2014 CONFERENCE NAME Alzheimer's Association International Conference 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Copenhagen, Denmark CONFERENCE DATE 2014-07-12 to 2014-07-17 ISSN 1552-5260 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Telepsychiatry has been demonstrated to be effective (1- 4). Yet few studies have examined its benefits in the geriatric patient (1, 5-7). Our goal is to build a telepsychiatry registry of older adults who are evaluated, treated and followed maximizing cost-effectiveness and stakeholder satisfaction. Methods: Our sample included 300 older adults recruited from nine nursing homes in rural Pennsylvania.Measures: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)(8) with a cut point of < 20/30 for major neurocognitive disorders (MND), fifteen-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)(9) with a score ≥5 suggesting depression, Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL)(10) with a score <50/100 indicating dependence and Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS)(11) with a score of >8/16 behaviors requiring treatment. Results: PSYCHIATRY: History 123 (42). Current Axis I and II Diagnoses: Mood: 110 (37), Anxiety 16 (6), Schizophrenia 15 (5), Alcoholism 21 (7), Personality Disorder 12 (4), Mental Retardation 12(4) other than neurocognitive disorder (Figure I). Measures Those with MND had a mean score of 15; SD 4.8 on the MMSE versus those without MND =25; SD 3.6 P < 0.0001 and cut scores ≥ 8 PAS 83(30) and mean ADL scores (35; SD 26) versus those without MND 52 SD 29 p<0.0001.MEDICAL CONDITIONS in this analysis are life threatening or impair quality of life. 122(41) had 4 or more medical conditions and 41(14) died. There was no difference in antipsychotic (p=0.22) or analgesic use (opioid) p = 0.56 in the deceased versus the living; the groups were differentiated by the higher comorbidity (p =0.02).TREATMENTS: Pharmacology: antidepressants 222 (76) ,antipsychotics 198 (67),memory enhancer 100 (34), anxiolytics 141 (48) analgesics 89 (30),mood stabilizers 43 (15), sleep aids 38 (13),anti-parkinson agents 29 (10) and Therapy (individual 8(30), family 19 (7), couple 15(5), behavior modification 93 (32). Short Term Psychiatric Outcomes: Improved 131 (45); Remain unstable 24 (8); Only Consult to date 73 (25); Refused treatment (6) 2. Conclusions: Telepsychiatry improved outcomes for older patients with a wide range of psychiatric disorders and a high rate of medical comorbidity. In future, a full economic analysis will permit strategic health care planning for this venue. (Table Presented). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent antidepressant agent anxiolytic agent mood stabilizer neuroleptic agent opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home rural health nursing telepsychiatry EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult agitation alcoholism anxiety Barthel index behavior modification comorbidity cost effectiveness analysis daily life activity diagnosis diseases enhancer region Geriatric Depression Scale geriatric patient health care planning human implantable cardioverter defibrillator memory mental deficiency mental disease Mini Mental State Examination mood patient personality disorder pharmacology quality of life register satisfaction schizophrenia sleep therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 107 TITLE Are nurse-conducted brief interventions (NCBIs) efficacious for hazardous or harmful alcohol use? A systematic review AUTHOR NAMES Joseph J. Basu D. Dandapani M. Krishnan N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joseph J.; Basu D.; Dandapani M.; Krishnan N.) SUM Nursing College (SNC), Siksha 'O'Anusandhan University, Odisha, India SOURCE International nursing review (2014) 61:2 (203-210). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2014 ISSN 1466-7657 (electronic) ABSTRACT AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of nurse-conducted brief interventions in reducing alcohol consumption, by looking at with treatment as usual compared with other treatments and general physician-delivered brief interventions within the literature.BACKGROUND: Globally, the consumption of alcohol is at a worrying level and has significant effects on health when consumed to excess. Numerous studies have reported that brief intervention is effective in reducing excessive drinking. However, evidence on the efficacy of such interventions by nurses is still inconclusive.METHODS: We included randomized controlled trials of brief interventions in which nurses were primarily involved as therapists, and were designed to achieve a reduction in alcohol consumption and related problems. We used online searches to locate randomized controlled trials in this area published from 1995 till 2012.FINDINGS: Eleven trials were found meeting inclusion criteria, comparing nurse-conducted brief interventions with a control group or with other treatments. Five trials reported a statistically significant reduction in alcohol consumption in the intervention group with 6-12-month follow-up period and two trials concluded that brief interventions delivered by nurses was as efficacious as by physicians.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY: The findings of the review have important policy implications for the preparation of nurses as therapists for brief interventions to reduce excessive drinking in a broad range of settings such as primary healthcare and hospital settings. The adoption of this intervention into contemporary nursing practice should be considered by the International Council of Nurses and nurses around the world as, according to the literature, it provides an evidence base for the independent functioning of nurses within the realms of nursing profession and addiction medicine.CONCLUSION: The results of the review suggest that nurse-conducted brief interventions are an effective strategy for reducing alcohol consumption. We advocate more rigorous randomized controlled trials to underpin its efficacy in both research and real life scenario. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior therapy directive counseling nurse attitude nurse patient relationship nursing patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (prevention) comparative study drinking behavior female human male program evaluation treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24645911 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24645911) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inr.12096 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 108 TITLE Interim evaluation of a university-community collaboration to address methamphetamine use in a rural Missouri community AUTHOR NAMES Calvert W.J. Allen K.R. Brockman-Jankowski S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Calvert W.J.; Allen K.R.; Brockman-Jankowski S.) SOURCE Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action (2014) 8:2 (207-213). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2014 ISSN 1557-0541 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine use remains a significant public health problem. A multifaceted problem requires a collaborative effort.OBJECTIVES: Community partners and university faculty collaborated to address meth use in a rural Missouri county. The objectives for this collaboration were to a) support current community partnerships by working with parents and teachers to incorporate a sustainable drug education curriculum in an elementary school and b) provide learning opportunities for senior nursing students.METHODS: Various strategies were used in the collaboration, including focus groups with school personnel and piloting the curriculum in a local school.RESULTS: Community members and university faculty worked together in all stages of the collaboration. The collaboration allowed the community to continue and expand its efforts in reducing methamphetamine use. Community and university team members are working together to expand the implementation in additional grades.CONCLUSIONS: A real-world community problem can be addressed through a university-community collaboration. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methamphetamine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) organization and management prevention and control public relations rural population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent child cooperation drug abuse female health promotion human male participatory research United States university CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25152102 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25152102) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2014.0029 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 109 TITLE School violent victimization and recent alcohol use and episodic heavy drinking among youth AUTHOR NAMES King K.A. Vidourek R.A. Merianos A.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (King K.A.; Vidourek R.A.; Merianos A.L.) 1University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2014) 30:3 (187-195). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2014 ISSN 1546-8364 (electronic) ABSTRACT School violent victimization is a serious public health problem among youth. The current study investigated the association between youth alcohol use and school violent victimization among middle school and high school students (N=54,361). The PRIDE national survey for Grades 6-12 was administered to youth in their classrooms. Results indicated that 38.3% of students were involved in school violent victimization. School violent victimization differed significantly based on sex, race, and grade level. Logistic regression analyses indicated that school violent victimization was directly related to elevated alcohol use in the past 12 months and episodic heavy drinking among youth. Findings from this study may be beneficial to school nurses in creating bullying and substance abuse prevention programs for students. Recommendations for future research are included. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) epidemiology psychology statistics and numerical data EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adolescent behavior binge drinking child crime victim cross-sectional study drinking behavior female human male risk factor school sex ratio student United States violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24502971 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24502971) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840514521239 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 110 TITLE Mass gathering medical care in a motorsports event-based collaborative training program AUTHOR NAMES Goodloe J.M. Arthur A.O. Genzel R. Burns B.D. Thomas S.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goodloe J.M.; Arthur A.O.; Genzel R.; Burns B.D.; Thomas S.H.) Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Oklahoma, School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Goodloe, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Oklahoma, School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, United States. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine (2014) 16 SUPPL. 1 (S35). Date of Publication: May 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 CAEP/ACMU CONFERENCE LOCATION Ottawa, ON, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2014-05-31 to 2014-06-04 ISSN 1481-8035 BOOK PUBLISHER Decker Publishing ABSTRACT Innovation concept: Emergency physicians are increasingly providing medical oversight and care at mass gathering events. The pre-event planning, dynamics, and all-hazards considerations of mass gatherings differ substantially from traditional EMS and emergency medicine practices. Focused mass gathering medical care training for emergency medicine resident physicians and EMS fellows is integral to success in their future medical oversight of such events. Methods: A multi-disciplinary faculty, comprised of emergency physicians and nurses, EMS professionals, active duty special operations military operators, law enforcement officers, firefighters, and meteorologists deliver a threeday curriculum in mass gathering medicine surrounding NASCAR and IndyCar racing events held at the Texas Motor Speedway. The curriculum includes didactics of emergency medical care planning for crowds in excess of 175,000, with many camping on-site up to a week. Considerations of inclement weather, terrorist events, accidental chemical exposures, and substance abuses are detailed in addition to the variety of emergency medical conditions expected in any large crowd. The curriculum is taught real-time during active events at the Texas Motor Speedway, one of the largest sporting event venues in the world. Practical exercises include responding with EMS crews and working with nurses and physicians in the track hospitals, specialties including emergency medicine, general surgery, and orthopedics. On-site capabilities successfully utilized include advanced airway management, chest tube thoracostomies, plain film radiology, and intravenous thrombolytics for acute myocardial infarcts. Ground and rotor wing EMS capabilities are continuously present. Curriculum, tool, or material: Multiple physicians have been successfully trained in this collaborative program. Pre-event and post-event interviews indicate substantial didactic and clinical knowledge acquisition through the course. Consistently accurate discussion points with student physicians reveal appropriate understanding of the need for multi-disciplinary planning for the medical care to be provided at such events and for estimating likely illness and injury to be encountered. Conclusion: A multi-disciplinary faculty of medical and public safety professionals, led by emergency physicians, can translate the didactic and clinical knowledge of mass gathering medical care to emergency medicine residents and EMS fellows. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS fibrinolytic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education emergency care hospital human medical care training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS army camping chest tube curriculum diseases dynamics emergency emergency medicine emergency physician exercise exposure fire fighter forelimb general surgery hazard heart infarction injury interview law enforcement learning nurse orthopedics physician planning radiology resident respiration control safety sporting event student substance abuse terrorism United States weather LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1481803500003171 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 111 TITLE Knowledge, attitudes and sexual health behaviour of residents attending a nurseled contraception and sexual health service within hostels for the homeless AUTHOR NAMES Shawe J. White A. Ball A. Stretch R. Cannon E. Rees L. Fasana D. Wilkinson C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shawe J.) University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom. (White A.; Stretch R.; Cannon E.; Rees L.; Fasana D.; Wilkinson C.) CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Ball A.) St Mungo's Charity, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Shawe, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom. SOURCE European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care (2014) 19 SUPPL. 1 (S142-S143). Date of Publication: May 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 13th Congress of the European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health CONFERENCE LOCATION Lisbon, Portugal CONFERENCE DATE 2014-05-28 to 2014-05-31 ISSN 1362-5187 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare ABSTRACT Objective: The project aimed to establish and evaluate a Nurse-led Contraception & Sexual Health Service providing care within hostels for the homeless in London. Homelessness is a risk factor for poor health and particularly sexual ill-health. Homeless women are more likely to become pregnant and to have had a sexually transmitted infection. They often use drugs and alcohol and then need to sell sex to feed the habit. Little is known about the sexual health of homeless men. Design and Methods: A nurse-led outreach sexual health service was established once a week in three hostels for the homeless. Contraception and sexual health promotion, screening and treatment were offered by the Specialist Reproductive Health nurses, health care workers and health promotion staff. Following consultations clients were asked to complete a questionnaire. Questionnaires were also given out at three hostels without a service. Interviews with residents (n = 12) and staff (n = 6) from the three hostels with the service and three hostels without a service explored knowledge, attitudes and sexual health behaviour. Quantitative data was analysed using IBM SPSS v20 and Qualitative data using NVivo 10 software. Results: 161 clients (87 women and 71 men 3 unknown) used the service with 367 attendances. 42 completed questionnaires at hostels with a service and 28 at hostels without a service. Poor general health including long term conditions, mental health conditions, addiction and substance misuse was reported. Harrowing stories of past trauma, abuse and sex work emerged from the interviews. Key themes which made the hostel service attractive included issues with access to mainstream services, clients' unwillingness to travel and needing support to attend. Ensured confidentiality was another important factor in attendance. Clients also suggested incentivising vaccination programmes. Staff were positive about the service in the hostels and highlighted the need for more joined up working due to clients complex health needs. Conclusion: The service has demonstrated unmet need and an impact on men and women who would not normally attend mainstream services. It has also provided a valuable opportunity for health promotion both with residents and staff. UK Department of Health policy suggests that homeless people require targeted, specialist services. The service enables women & men at high risk of sexual ill-health to access appropriate care within a familiar non-threatening environment. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) contraception halfway house health behavior health service reproductive health sexual health society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse addiction computer program confidentiality consultation data analysis software environment female habit health health care personnel health care policy health promotion homelessness human injury interview male medical specialist mental health nurse prostitution questionnaire risk risk factor screening sexually transmitted disease travel United Kingdom vaccination LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13625187.2014.894779.11 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 112 TITLE Nurses' perceptions of managing pain medications in long term care AUTHOR NAMES Kaasalainen S. Agarwal G. Dolovich L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kaasalainen S.; Agarwal G.; Dolovich L.) McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kaasalainen, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. SOURCE Pain Research and Management (2014) 19:3 (e41-e42). Date of Publication: May-June 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 35th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Canadian Pain Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Quebec City, QC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2014-05-20 to 2014-05-23 ISSN 1203-6765 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT AIM: Nursing care in long-term care (LTC) homes is becoming more complex given the growing acuity of residents which coincides with more medications being administered to LTC residents. The purpose of this study was to explore LTC nurses' perceptions of their practices related to administering pain medications to LTC residents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was used that included both quantitative and open-ended questions. Data was collected from 165 licensed nurses (59% response rate) at nine LTC homes in southern Ontario. RESULTS: The majority (85%) of all nurses felt that the medication administration system was adequate to help them manage residents' pain and 98% felt comfortable administering narcotics in LTC. In their decision to administer a narcotic to a LTC resident, nurses were influenced by pain assessments (ie, non-verbal and physical indications, verbal requests from residents or their family members); physician orders; diagnosis of resident (ie, physical condition, resident was deemed palliative); past history; medical contraindications and allergies; effectiveness of non-narcotics; and fear of making dosage miscalculations or resident becoming addicted to narcotics. Finally, 63% of nurses reported being comfortable with giving analgesics to residents who were currently taking warfarin; most stating that they trusted the physicians and pharmacists to ensure that orders were safe and appropriate. CONCLUSIONS: These study findings highlight the perceptions of nurses related to administering pain medications in LTC and related areas where continuing education initiatives are needed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent narcotic agent warfarin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug therapy human long term care nurse pain society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS allergy Canada continuing education diagnosis fear nursing care pain assessment pharmacist physician LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 113 TITLE Variability in adherence to opioid prescription guidelines among adult primary care providers AUTHOR NAMES Lange A. Lasser K.E. Xuan Z. Khalid L. Beers D. Heymann O. Shanahan C.W. Crosson J. Liebschutz J.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lange A.; Lasser K.E.; Khalid L.; Beers D.; Heymann O.; Shanahan C.W.; Crosson J.; Liebschutz J.M.) Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. (Lasser K.E.) Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, United States. (Xuan Z.) Boston University, School of Public Health, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Lange, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2014) 29 SUPPL. 1 (S248). Date of Publication: April 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 37th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, SGIM 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Diego, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-04-23 to 2014-04-26 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In order to reduce prescription opioid misuse, clinical guidelines recommend that primary care providers (PCPs) use opioid treatment agreements and urine drug screens to monitor patients on opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain, with risk for medication misuse informing monitoring intensity. Little is known about variability among individual PCPs in adherence to opioid management guidelines and whether guideline non-adherence by PCP is associated with greater misuse of opioids. METHODS: We examined 12 months (September 2011-August 2012) of electronic health record (EHR) data from adult primary care clinics at two community health centers and one urban safety net hospital. Patients age 18-89 were included if they had received >3 opioid prescriptions for chronic pain within a six-month period and were not receiving active cancer treatment. PCPs were included if they had >4 eligible patients. Binary outcome variables were evidence of guideline adherence through (1) EHR documentation of an opioid treatment agreement (OTA) ever, and (2) Urine Drug Screen (UDS) in the past 12 months. Evidence of misuse was a binary outcome of 2 or more early opioid refills (>2 prescriptions written 7-25 days after the previous prescription for the same medication). Covariates were patient demographics, number of primary care visits (past year), number of Emergency Department visits (past year), number of patient risk factors for opioid misuse (age <45, drug use disorder, alcohol use disorder, tobacco use, and mental health disorder), morphine equivalent daily opioid medication dose (MDD) >50 mg/day, PCP type (attending, resident, nurse practitioner), and site of care. We used odds ratios to examine the correlations among patient-level binary outcomes, and Pearson correlations to examine the relationships among PCP-level aggregates of outcomes across patients within PCPs. Further, we used multi-level modeling to account for patient clustering within PCP and examine substantive variance attributable to PCP characteristics. RESULTS: Sixty-seven PCPs prescribed opioids to 1,546 patients (mean patients per PCP: 23, median: 14, range: 4-95). No PCP met 100 % of guideline practices, and PCPs showed wide variability in adherence. PCPs had a mean of 48 % of patients with OTA (median: 50 %, range: 0-100 %). PCPs had obtained >1 UDS for a mean of 56 % of patients (median: 59 %, range: 0-100 %). Among the three outcomes, the PCP-level variance for OTA and UDS were greater compared to the variance for early refill. The variance for UDS decreased from 1.75 to 0.87 after adjustment for covariates and site (p<0.001). Step-wise adjustment of the variance for UDS evaluated which portion of the adjustment led to the difference in variance. Adjustment for patient-level covariates decreased variance from 1.75 to 1.14 (p<0.001); further adjustment for PCP type did not decrease the variance (p<0.001). Adjustment by site decreased the variance substantially to 0.88 (p<0.001), reflecting differences in UDS prevalence across the sites (24 %, 37 % vs. 67 %). At the patient level, the presence of >50 mg/day MDD was associated with increased odds of early refill (OR=2.92, 95 % CI 2.30-3.70), of UDS (OR=2.65, 95 % CI 2.06-3.41), and of an OTA (OR=1.93, 95 % CI 1.53-2.44). OTA was associated with UDS (OR=8.46 95 % CI 6.65-10.75) and early refill (OR=1.56, 95 % CI 1.27-1.93), and early refill was associated with UDS (OR=1.76, 95 % CI 1.42-2.18). PCPs with higher aggregates of MDD among their patients tend to have greater proportions of patients with early refills (r=0.38, p=0.002) and UDS (r=0.46, p <0.0001). PCPs with greater proportions of patients with UDS tend to have greater proportions of patients with OTA (r=0.34, p=0.005) and with early refills (r=0.27, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: PCPs practicing with an urban underserved population show substantial heterogeneity in adherence to opioid prescription guidelines, with only half of patients getting recommended procedures. PCP use of urine drug screens, but not use of agreements, appears to be heavily influenced by the practice environment. Although high daily doses of opioid are associated with increased monitoring, they are also associated with evidence of greater misuse. Examining the time dependent relationship between monitoring and multiple early refills could help distinguish whether monitoring practices help prevent potential opioid misuse or are a reaction to it. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS morphine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adult internal medicine prescription primary medical care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol use disorder cancer pain cancer therapy chronic pain diseases documentation drug therapy drug use electronic medical record emergency ward environment health center hospital human mental health monitoring multilevel analysis nurse practitioner outcome variable patient patient risk population practice guideline prevalence procedures risk risk factor safety net hospital therapy tobacco use urine LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 114 TITLE The effects of intimate partner violence duration on individual and partner-related sexual risk factors among women AUTHOR NAMES Fontenot H.B. Fantasia H.C. Lee-St. John T.J. Sutherland M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fontenot H.B., Holly.fontenot@bc.edu) Boston College, William F. Connell School of Nursing, Sidney Borum Health Center, Boston, MA, United States. (Fantasia H.C.) University of Massachusetts Lowell, College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Health Quarters, Beverly, MA, United States. (Lee-St. John T.J.) Boston College, Lynch School of Education, United States. (Sutherland M.A.) Boston College, William F. Connell School of Nursing, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.B. Fontenot, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Cushing Hall, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States. Email: Holly.fontenot@bc.edu SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2014) 59:1 (67-73). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV among women, but less is known about mechanisms of this association and if length of relationship violence is a factor. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the duration of IPV and both individual and partner-related sexual risk factors that may increase women's risk for STIs and HIV. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data collected from the medical records of 2000 women. Four distinct categories defined the duration of partner violence: violence in the past year only, past year and during the past 5 years, past year plus extending for greater than 5 years, and no past year violence but a history of partner violence. Logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between the duration of partner violence and individual sexual risk behaviors (eg, number of sexual partners, drug and/or alcohol use, anal sex) and partner-related sexual risk factors (eg, nonmonogamy, STI risk, condom nonuse). Results: Nearly 30% of the women in the study reported a history of partner violence during their lifetime. All of the individual risk factors, as well as partner-related risk factors, were significantly associated (P <05) with partner violence and duration of violence. Discussion: The study findings extend the knowledge related to partner violence as a risk factor for STIs/HIV, highlighting the effects of partner violence duration on the health of women. Assessing for lifetime experiences of partner violence may improve outcomes for women and their families. © 2014 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) female health hazard intimate partner violence duration partner violence women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption anal intercourse article condom use disease association drug abuse human Human immunodeficiency virus infection medical record priority journal retrospective study risk factor sexual behavior sexuality sexually transmitted disease EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014157461 MEDLINE PMID 24588879 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24588879) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12145 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 115 TITLE Interpretation of national policy regarding community-based use of misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention in Ethiopia: A tale of two regions AUTHOR NAMES Spangler S.A. Gobezayehu A.G. Getachew T. Sibley L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Spangler S.A., s.spangler@emory.edu; Sibley L.M.) Nell HodgsonWoodruff School of Nursing, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. (Gobezayehu A.G.) Emory University, Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia. (Getachew T.) Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership, Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Spangler, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, NE, Room 234, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States. Email: s.spangler@emory.edu SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2014) 59:SUPPL1 (S83-S90). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is responsible for a significant proportion of maternal mortality in developing countries. The uterotonic drug misoprostol (Cytotec) is a safe and effective means of preventing PPH. However, ministries of health in some countries are still grappling with policy that addresses the implementation of this targeted intervention in community settings and with communicating this policy throughout the health care system. The purpose of this study was to examine understandings of national policy for community-based use of misoprostol to prevent PPH in 2 regions of Ethiopia: Amhara and Oromiya. Methods: Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with a cohort of purposefully selected health officials (N = 51) representing various administrative levels of the Ministry of Health and influential nongovernmental organizations. Broad topics included national policy for PPH prevention, safety and effectiveness of community-based use of misoprostol, and preferences for misoprostol administration. Interview transcripts were analyzed for key concepts both across and within administrative levels. Results: Among all officials, understandings of national policy for community-based PPH prevention using misoprostol were unclear. Officials in Amhara tended to adopt a strict interpretation that reflected fear of misuse and a deep concern for encouraging home birth (thus deviating from the clear national goal to increase facility-based birth). Conversely, Oromiya officials framed policy in terms of the broader national goal to reduce maternal mortality, which allowed them to adopt multiple means of misoprostol distribution. Discussion: The differences observed in regional practice likely stem from an ambiguously perceived national policy within a climate of decentralization that allowed for flexibility in local implementation. A policy that is clear, specific, evidence-based, and systematically communicated may facilitate common understanding of community-based misoprostol for PPH prevention and, thus, increase women's access to this lifesaving intervention. © 2014 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) misoprostol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care policy maternal care postpartum hemorrhage (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article awareness drug efficacy drug misuse drug safety Ethiopia health care delivery health care facility health care personnel home delivery interview maternal mortality medical education medical practice priority journal CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS misoprostol (59122-46-2, 59122-48-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014126920 MEDLINE PMID 24588920 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24588920) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12154 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 116 TITLE Psychiatric nursing faculty partner with residents of a homeless shelter to address medication safety AUTHOR NAMES Bonugli R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bonugli R.) The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas, USA SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (2014) 35:3 (220-223). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2014 ISSN 1096-4673 (electronic) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education housing nursing nursing education patient education psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS chronic disease cooperation drug misuse (prevention) homelessness hospital organization human information processing interdisciplinary communication medication compliance mental disease (drug therapy) organization and management psychiatric nursing public relations United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24597588 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24597588) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2013.825681 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 117 TITLE Nursing attitudes toward patients with substance use disorders in pain AUTHOR NAMES Morgan B.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morgan B.D.) Department of Nursing, School of Health and Environment, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts. Electronic address: betty_morgan@uml.edu SOURCE Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses (2014) 15:1 (165-175). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2014 ISSN 1532-8635 (electronic) ABSTRACT The problem of inadequate pain management in hospitals is well documented. Patients who have substance use disorders (SUD) have many medical problems and are often in pain as a result of these problems. Nurses often lack knowledge of appropriate treatment of both pain and SUD, and have been identified as having negative attitudes toward patients with SUD. The negative attitudes may affect the quality of care delivered to patients with problems of pain and SUD. The purpose of this study was to identify and explore nurses' attitudes toward hospitalized patients with SUD who are in pain, to expand the knowledge about nurses' attitudes and interactions with patients with SUD in pain, and to generate theory that will contribute to a greater understanding of the problem. Grounded theory methodology was used to interview hospital-based nurses who work with patients with SUD who are in pain. Individual interviews, using a semistructured interview guide, were conducted with 14 nurses who worked with this population. Additionally, an expert addictions nurse was interviewed at the end of the study to validate the findings. Interviews were analyzed and coded with the use of grounded theory concepts. A model illustrating the categories and their relationships was developed based on the theory generated as a result of the study. The implications for nursing practice, education, research, and policy are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health health personnel attitude model nursing psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult analgesia female hospital human male middle aged nursing methodology research nursing staff pain questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24602434 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24602434) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2012.08.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 118 TITLE Opioid interruptions, pain, and withdrawal symptoms during acute illness in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Redding S.E. Liu S. Hung W. Boockvar K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Redding S.E.; Liu S.; Hung W.) Geriatrics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City, United States. (Boockvar K.) Geriatrics, Jewish Home Lifecare, New York City, United States. (Hung W.; Boockvar K.) Geriatrics, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.E. Redding, Geriatrics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York City, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2014) 62 SUPPL. 1 (S59). Date of Publication: March 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Orlando, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-05-15 to 2014-05-17 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Opioid dosing reductions and interruptions are common and have the potential to cause pain relapse and withdrawal symptoms. The objective of this study was to observe patterns of opioid interruption during acute illness, and examine changes in pain scores, mental status, and symptoms of withdrawal. Methods: This is a prospective cohort of residents from three nursing homes in a metropolitan area. Residents who were receiving opioids were followed longitudinally for median of 3 years. Baseline characteristics including age, gender, race, and comorbid conditions were recorded. During an illness, daily opioid dosage was recorded. Blinded to dosage, we ascertained symptoms including pain and withdrawal using standardized scales including the Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale and the Brief Pain Inventory scale. Symptoms preand post-opioid interruptions and reductions, if they occurred, were compared. Results: 130 residents with active opioid prescriptions were followed. 45 (35%) residents experienced at least 1 illness, for a total of 103 observed illnesses. The average baseline daily opioid dosage was 61.9 mg, morphine equivalents. The average baseline pain score was 5.9 on a scale of 0-10. This study was limited by missing data. During 22 (21%) illnesses in which patients who experienced 100% interruption or a large (>50%) reduction of opioid dosing, there were no significant changes in mean pain score (difference -0.50; sd 2.66; 95%CI -3.16-2.16); or withdrawal score (difference -0.91; sd 3.12; 95%CI -4.03-2.21). Similarly, during 26 (25%) illnesses in which patients experienced no or minimal change in dosing, there were no significant changes in pain score (difference -0.96; sd 2.69; -3.65-1.74); or withdrawal score (difference 0.34; sd 2.16; -1.82-2.5). Conclusion: Among long-term care residents, there was no difference in average pain, delirium and withdrawal scores in patients whose opioids were held, decreased or continued during acute illnesses. An implication is that in some long-term care residents, opioid dosage may be held, decreased or substituted with lower potency analgesics. Good clinical practice dictates that providers should be cautious of the possibility of patients experiencing pain or withdrawal symptoms when opioid analgesics are reduced or stopped. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent morphine narcotic analgesic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acute disease geriatrics human nursing home patient pain society withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Brief Pain Inventory delirium diseases gender good clinical practice long term care mental health nursing home patient prescription relapse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12870 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 119 TITLE The Ghanaian surgical nurse and postoperative pain management: a clinical ethnographic insight AUTHOR NAMES Aziato L. Adejumo O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Aziato L.) School of Nursing, University of Ghana, Ghana. Electronic address: laziato@ug.edu.gh (Adejumo O.) School of Nursing, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa SOURCE Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses (2014) 15:1 (265-272). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2014 ISSN 1532-8635 (electronic) ABSTRACT Nurses form an indispensable part of the clinical team that manages postoperative pain (POP). Within a particular clinical context, nurses perceive and respond to pain based on specific factors. This study aimed at illuminating the perceptions and responses of Ghanaian surgical nurses regarding their patients' POP. It also identified the factors that influenced nurses' pain responses. A focused ethnography was used, and data were collected through individual interviews. Sampling was performed purposively to include junior, senior, day, and night nurses who cared for surgical patients. Concurrent data analysis was performed and data were saturated with 12 individual interviews. The findings indicated that nurses perceived POP as an individual phenomenon, and nurses responded to patients' pain by administering analgesics and by using nonpharmacologic measures. Factors that influenced the nurses' response were individual factors, such as commitment, discretion, fear of addiction, and organizational factors, such as organizational laxity and challenges of teamwork. The study recommended that nurses should be educated, supported, and encouraged to ensure pain relief after surgery and that they should see pain relief as a priority postoperative care to avert the negative repercussions of poorly managed POP. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult analgesia cultural anthropology female Ghana human middle aged nursing methodology research pain measurement perioperative nursing postoperative pain (drug therapy) procedures young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23352730 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23352730) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2012.10.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 120 TITLE How do nursing students perceive substance abusing nurses? AUTHOR NAMES Boulton M.A. Nosek L.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boulton M.A.) Changing Perspectives LLP, Westport, Connecticut; Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut; Norwalk Community College, Norwalk, Connecticut. Electronic address: mboulton1952@sbcglobal.net (Nosek L.J.) Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Excelsior College, Albany, New York SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (2014) 28:1 (29-34). Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2014 ISSN 1532-8228 (electronic) ABSTRACT Substance abuse among nurses was recognized by nurse leaders and professional nursing organizations as a growing threat to patient safety and to the health of the abusing nurse more than 30years ago. Although numerous studies on nurse impairment were published in the 1980s and 1990s, there was minimal focus on student nurses' perceptions about impaired nurses and less research has been published more recently, despite a growing rate of substance abuse. A quasi-experimental study to explore the perceptions of student nurses toward nurses who are chemically dependent was conducted using a two-group, pretest-posttest design. The Perception of Nurse Impairment Inventory (PNII) was completed by student nurses at the beginning of their junior course work, prior to formal education about substance abuse. The PNII was repeated after the students received substance abuse education. The PNII was also completed by a control group of sophomore student nurses who did not receive the formal substance abuse education. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to measure the differences between the two groups of students. Students who received the education chose more compassionate responses on the PNII and were more likely to respond that an impaired nurse's supervisor is responsible for supporting and guiding the impaired nurse to access professional care. Discrepancies in study findings about the efficacy of education for effecting positive attitudes of student nurses toward impaired nurses may be related to the length and type of the education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education health personnel attitude nursing psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) clinical competence female human male malpractice nursing education nursing student psychiatric nursing questionnaire young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24506984 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24506984) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2013.10.005 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 121 TITLE Antipsychotic discontinuation syndromes: a narrative review of the evidence and its integration into Australian mental health nursing textbooks AUTHOR NAMES Salomon C. Hamilton B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Salomon C.; Hamilton B.) Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia SOURCE International journal of mental health nursing (2014) 23:1 (69-78). Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2014 ISSN 1447-0349 (electronic) ABSTRACT In light of the high number of people discontinuing antipsychotics each year, it is essential that nurses develop a robust understanding of all aspects of the discontinuation experience. While there is a large body of published work documenting post-discontinuation relapse rates, less is known about other aspects of the discontinuation experience. This paper presents the results of a narrative review of international studies of antipsychotic discontinuation syndromes and their relevance to nursing practice. Four key mental health nursing textbooks used in student nurse education in Australia are examined to assess how this evidence has been incorporated into clinical recommendations. This review finds that the evidence for discontinuation syndromes could be more widely disseminated and applied than it is at present. Strikingly, this evidence has not been incorporated into key mental health nursing textbooks in Australia at all. Slow integration into nursing published work may be influenced by a number of clinical and research uncertainties. We consider the impact of this silence on key nursing roles of psycho-education and adverse event monitoring during antipsychotic discontinuation periods. Further robust research should be conducted into discontinuation syndromes as a matter of urgency. Given the high number of consumers potentially impacted upon by discontinuation syndromes, nurse authors and educators should consider revising key nursing textbooks to include the currently available information about discontinuation syndromes. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) book education nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Australia human psychiatric nursing psychosis (drug therapy) recurrent disease syndrome withdrawal syndrome (etiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23211033 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23211033) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00889.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 122 TITLE Body mass index in childhood and adult risk of primary liver cancer AUTHOR NAMES Berentzen T.L. Gamborg M. Holst C. Sørensen T.I.A. Baker J.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Berentzen T.L.; Gamborg M.; Holst C.; Sørensen T.I.A.; Baker J.L., Jennifer.Lyn.Baker@regionh.dk) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark. (Sørensen T.I.A.; Baker J.L., Jennifer.Lyn.Baker@regionh.dk) Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.L. Baker, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Nordre Fasansvej 57, Entrance 5, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. Email: Jennifer.Lyn.Baker@regionh.dk SOURCE Journal of Hepatology (2014) 60:2 (325-330). Date of Publication: February 2014 ISSN 0168-8278 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Background & Aims Childhood overweight increases the risk of early development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which may predispose to carcinogenesis. We investigated if childhood body size during school ages was associated with the risk of primary liver cancer in adults. Methods A cohort of 285,884 boys and girls, born 1930 through 1980, who attended school in Copenhagen, were followed from 1977 to 31 December 2010. Their heights and weights were measured by school doctors or nurses at ages 7 through 13 years. Body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated from an internal age- and sex-specific reference. Information on liver cancer was obtained from the National Cancer Registry. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of liver cancer were estimated by Cox regression. Results During 6,963,105 person-years of follow-up, 438 cases of primary liver cancer were recorded. The hazard ratio (95% CI) of adult liver cancer was 1.20 (1.07-1.33) and 1.30 (1.16-1.46) per 1-unit BMI z-score at 7 years and 13 years of age, respectively. Similar associations were found in boys and girls, for hepatocellular carcinoma only, across years of birth, and after accounting for diagnoses of viral hepatitis, alcohol-related disorders, and biliary cirrhosis. Conclusions Higher BMI in childhood increases the risk of primary liver cancer in adults. In view of the high case fatality of primary liver cancer, this result adds to the future negative health outcomes of the epidemic of childhood overweight, reinforcing the need for its prevention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) body mass cancer risk liver cancer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent alcoholism article biliary cirrhosis body height body weight child disease association female follow up human liver cell carcinoma major clinical study male priority journal prospective study school child virus hepatitis EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014046226 MEDLINE PMID 24076363 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24076363) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2013.09.015 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 123 TITLE An intervention to enhance psychological capital in homeless females: Preliminary findings AUTHOR NAMES Rew L. Thompson S. Brown A. Seo E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rew L.; Thompson S.; Brown A.; Seo E.) University of Texas at Austin, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Rew, University of Texas at Austin, United States. SOURCE Journal of Adolescent Health (2014) 54:2 SUPPL. 1 (S13). Date of Publication: February 2014 CONFERENCE NAME 2014 Annual Meeting of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, SAHM 2014 CONFERENCE LOCATION Austin, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2014-03-23 to 2014-03-26 ISSN 1054-139X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA ABSTRACT Purpose: Homeless young women ages 18-23 years are the most vulnerable of unstably-housed youth. They are prone to sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancies, and substance use/ abuse. The study aim was to determine feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 4-session intervention delivered at a drop-in site. We wanted to explore differences in indicators of psychological capital between participants in the intervention and those in an attention control group immediately following the intervention and 4 weeks later. Methods: Following IRB approval and written informed consent, 43 eligible homeless young women enrolled in the study (26 intervention and 18 control group; average age = 21.2 years; 45.5% White, lived away from home approximately 57 days). The intervention and control condition were led by two sets of female group facilitators (one nursing student and one social work student) trained by the investigators to follow a manual with content and strategies to enhance psychological capital (intervention) and street health resources (control). Data were collected using valid scales (Cronbach's alpha = .78-.96) by two other students at three times: prior to start-up of either group, immediately following the completion of the 4 sessions, and at a follow-up date 4 weeks later. Following the 4 sessions, participants in both intervention and control groups were each given a cell phone to use for the 4-week period between the second and third data collections. The purpose was to encourage those in the intervention to meet their goals and to remind those in the control group that we would collect data one more time. Each participant received a total of $45 for providing data at all three collections. Results: A statistically significant time effect was found in measures of hope (p < .001), resilience (p = .016), future time perspective (p = .025), safer sex behaviors (p < .043), and psychological capital (p = .034), over time, with intervention group participants showing significant improvement in hope (p = .012) and social connectedness (p = .028), and non-significant, but improved, self-efficacy to negotiate safe sex (p = .066). Although scores on self-efficacy to refuse alcohol also increased from baseline to times 2 and 3, a statistically significant time effect was not found. A time by group effect was found for resilience (p = .062) and optimism (p = .081), approaching significance. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first intervention for homeless youth based on a Positive Psychology paradigm. The significant preliminary intervention findings, despite the small sample size, are encouraging because they indicate that a brief group intervention delivered in a drop-in center may influence young women to enhance their psychological capital. Positive changes in psychological capital that include positive attitudes about the future can contribute to future healthy behaviors and quality of life. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent health female society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse book control group Cronbach alpha coefficient follow up health care planning homelessness hope human information processing informed consent juvenile mobile phone nursing student optimism psychology quality of life safe sex sample size self concept sexual behavior sexually transmitted disease social work student student unplanned pregnancy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.10.041 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 124 TITLE Association between addiction treatment staff professional and educational levels and perceptions of organizational climate and resources AUTHOR NAMES Krull I. Lundgren L. Beltrame C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Krull I.; Lundgren L.; Beltrame C.) a Center for Addictions Research and Services , Boston University, School of Social Work , Boston , Massachusetts , USA SOURCE Substance abuse (2014) 35:1 (3-6). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1547-0164 (electronic) ABSTRACT CONCLUSION: It cannot be inferred that higher levels of education among treatment staff is necessarily associated with high levels of organizational readiness for change.BACKGROUND: Research studies have identified addiction treatment staff who have higher levels of education as having more positive attitudes about evidence-based treatment practices, science-based training, and the usefulness of evidence-based practices. This study examined associations between addiction treatment staff level of education and their perceptions of 3 measures of organizational change: organizational stress, training resources and staffing resources in their treatment unit.METHODS: The sample included 588 clinical staff from community-based substance abuse treatment organizations who received Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) funding (2003-2008) to implement evidence-based practices (EBPs). Bivariate analysis and regression modeling methods examined the relationship between staff education level (no high school education, high school education, some college, associate's degree, bachelor's degree, master's degree, doctoral degree, and other type of degree such as medical assistant, registered nurse [RN], or postdoctoral) and attitudes about organizational climate (stress), training resources, and staffing resources while controlling for staff and treatment unit characteristics.RESULTS: Multivariable models identified staff with lower levels of education as having significantly more positive attitudes about their unit's organizational capacity. These results contradict findings that addiction treatment staff with higher levels of education work in units with greater levels of organizational readiness for change. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) educational status health personnel attitude organization and management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult drug dependence treatment evidence based practice female health care planning human male organization young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24588286 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24588286) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2013.792313 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 125 TITLE "I feel like you get it": When a classroom assignment makes a difference to a wounded warrior's wife AUTHOR NAMES McMillan L.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McMillan L.R., reedreb@auburn.edu) Auburn University School of Nursing, Auburn University, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.R. McMillan, Auburn University School of Nursing, Auburn University, United States. SOURCE Patient Education and Counseling (2014) 97:3 (432-433). Date of Publication: 1 Dec 2014 ISSN 1873-5134 (electronic) 0738-3991 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article expectation health educator health promotion human interpersonal communication nurse patient relationship nursing care nursing practice nursing student posttraumatic stress disorder student attitude substance abuse suicide traumatic brain injury EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014881208 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2014.08.009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 126 TITLE Identifying at risk individuals for drug and alcohol dependence: teaching the competency to students in classroom and clinical settings AUTHOR NAMES Kane I. Mitchell A.M. Puskar K.R. Hagle H. Talcott K. Fioravanti M. Droppa M. Luongo P.F. Lindsay D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kane I.; Mitchell A.M.; Puskar K.R.; Hagle H.; Talcott K.; Fioravanti M.; Droppa M.; Luongo P.F.; Lindsay D.) Author Affiliations: Assistant Professor (Drs Kane and Fioravanti), Associate Professors (Dr Mitchell), Professor (Dr Puskar), Grants Administrator (Ms Talcott), Graduate Student Researcher (Ms Droppa), School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh; and National SBIRT ATTC Director (Dr Hagle), Executive Director (Dr Luongo), Director of Evaluation Services (Dr Lindsay), Institute for Research, Training & Education in Addictions, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania SOURCE Nurse educator (2014) 39:3 (126-134). Date of Publication: 2014 May-Jun ISSN 1538-9855 (electronic) ABSTRACT Alcohol use and other drug use affect patient healthcare outcomes. This article describes a classroom-to-clinical approach teaching nursing students to utilize motivational interviewing techniques to support patient behavior change. Through the lens of a universal prevention method, nursing students learned about reward circuit activation leading to risky substance use and the difference between addiction and at-risk use. Specific assessment tools and motivational interviewing techniques were presented in the classroom. Students then applied their knowledge in simulation laboratories and clinical rotations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction alcoholism clinical competence human motivational interviewing nursing assessment nursing education nursing evaluation research nursing methodology research nursing student psychology risk assessment teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24743176 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24743176) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNE.0000000000000035 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 127 TITLE Faculty buy-in to teach alcohol and drug use screening. AUTHOR NAMES Puskar K. Mitchell A.M. Kane I. Hagle H. Talcott K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Puskar K.; Mitchell A.M.; Kane I.; Hagle H.; Talcott K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Puskar, SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (2014) 45:9 (403-408). Date of Publication: Sep 2014 ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT Educating nursing faculty about the use of an evidence-based practice to screen and intervene earlier along the continuum of alcohol and other drug use, misuse, and dependence is essential in today's health care arena. Misuse of alcohol and other drugs is a significant problem for both individual health and societal economic welfare. The purpose of this article is to describe nursing faculty buy-in for the implementation of an evidence-based addiction training program at a university-based school of nursing. Derived from an academic-community partnership, the training program results suggest implications for continuing education and curriculum innovation in schools of nursing and clinical practice. The training content presented can be used in continuing education for nursing faculty across all types of nursing school programs and professional nursing staff employed in multiple settings. The training program was funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human organization and management patient referral teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 25153430 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25153430) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20140826-03 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 128 TITLE Web-based training for primary care providers on screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs AUTHOR NAMES Stoner S.A. Mikko A.T. Carpenter K.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stoner S.A., sastoner@uw.edu; Mikko A.T.; Carpenter K.M.) Talaria, Inc., Seattle, United States. (Stoner S.A., sastoner@uw.edu) The Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States. (Mikko A.T.) VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, United States. (Carpenter K.M.) Alere Wellbeing, Seattle, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Stoner, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, 1107 NE 45th Street, Suite 120, Seattle, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (2014) 47:5 (362-370). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2014 ISSN 1873-6483 (electronic) 0740-5472 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., usjcs@elsevier.com ABSTRACT This project evaluated a Web-based multimedia training for primary care providers in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for unhealthy use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. Physicians (n = 37), physician assistants (n = 35), and nurse practitioners (n = 20) were recruited nationally by email and randomly assigned to online access to either the multimedia training or comparable reading materials. At baseline, compared to non-physicians, physicians reported lower self-efficacy for counseling patients regarding substance use and doing so less frequently. All provider types in both conditions showed significant increases in SBIRT-related knowledge, self-efficacy, and clinical practices. Although the multimedia training was not superior to the reading materials with regard to these outcomes, the multimedia training was more likely to be completed and rated more favorably. Findings indicate that SBIRT training does not have to be elaborate to be effective. However, multimedia training may be more appealing to the target audiences. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) drug dependence (therapy) early intervention health care personnel health education Internet multimedia screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment tobacco tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption article behavior change clinical practice controlled study e-mail health care delivery human human experiment knowledge nurse practitioner outcome assessment patient counseling physician physician assistant primary medical care rating scale reading self concept substance use CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014739811 MEDLINE PMID 25115136 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25115136) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2014.06.009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 129 TITLE The impact of one TPAPN workshop. AUTHOR NAMES Manthey M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Manthey M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Manthey, SOURCE Texas nursing (2014) 88:1 (10, 18). Date of Publication: 2014 Winter ISSN 0095-036X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) drug dependence treatment education nursing care nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human methodology note organization and management peer group United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24822292 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24822292) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 130 TITLE Defining Severe Maternal Morbidity AUTHOR NAMES Hunt S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hunt S.) AWHONN, Washington, DC., United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Hunt, SOURCE Nursing for Women's Health (2014) 18:2 (169-172). Date of Publication: April/May 2014 ISSN 1751-486X (electronic) 1751-4851 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health disparity maternal mortality nursing care patient education practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) cesarean section checklist communicable disease (therapy) education female government health care policy human methodology note obesity (prevention, therapy) preeclampsia (therapy) pregnancy preventive health service public health service quality control standard statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24750657 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24750657) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-486X.12114 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 131 TITLE Marijuana legalization in Colorado: a nursing student's perspective. AUTHOR NAMES Scriber K.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Scriber K.C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.C. Scriber, SOURCE Colorado nurse (1985) (2014) 114:2 (14). Date of Publication: May 2014 ISSN 8750-846X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS medical cannabis (pharmacology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (etiology) drug legislation nurse attitude patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health female human male nursing phytotherapy (adverse drug reaction) United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 25118431 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25118431) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 132 TITLE Suttur study: An epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in south Indian rural population AUTHOR NAMES Rao T.S.S. Darshan M.S. Tandon A. Raman R. Karthik K.N. Saraswathi N. Das K. Harsha G.T. Krishna V.S.T. Ashok N.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rao T.S.S., tssrao19@yahoo.com; Darshan M.S.; Tandon A.; Raman R.; Karthik K.N.; Saraswathi N.; Das K.; Harsha G.T.; Krishna V.S.T.) Department of Psychiatry, JSS University, JSS Medical College Hospital, M.G. Road, Mysore, India. (Ashok N.C.) Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS University, Mysore, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.S.S. Rao, Department of Psychiatry, JSS University, JSS Medical College Hospital, M.G. Road, Mysore, India. SOURCE Indian Journal of Psychiatry (2014) 56:3 (238-245). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2014 ISSN 1998-3794 (electronic) 0019-5545 BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications, B9, Kanara Business Centre, off Link Road, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai, India. ABSTRACT Background: Based on review of literature World Health Organization (WHO) Global Burden of Disease Study has estimated that psychiatric disorders are among the most burdensome, around the globe and has suggested general population surveys for future research. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and study their association with various socioeconomic variables. Materials and Methods: This was an exploratory study where a door-to-door survey of the entire population residing in a South Indian village was done (n = 3033). Mini international neuropsychiatric interview kid (MINI) or MINI plus were administered to all the subjects according to the age group. Results: It was found that 24.40% of the subjects were suffering from one or more diagnosable psychiatric disorder. Prevalence of depressive disorders was found to be 14.82% and of anxiety disorders was 4%. Alcohol dependence syndrome was diagnosed in 3.95% of the population. Prevalence of dementia in subjects above 60 years was found to be 10%. Conclusion: Our study is among the very few epidemiological studies with respect to methodological design which does not use screening questionnaires and evaluates each subject with detailed administration of MINI. It concluded that one among four were suffering from a psychiatric disorder. Improving the training of underGrad. medical and nursing students is likely to play a significant role in addressing the increasing psychiatric morbidities. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Indian mental disease (epidemiology) rural population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol abuse alcoholism (epidemiology) anxiety disorder (epidemiology) article attention deficit disorder (epidemiology) bipolar I disorder (epidemiology) bipolar II disorder (epidemiology) conduct disorder (epidemiology) dementia (epidemiology) depression (epidemiology) dysthymia (epidemiology) epilepsy (epidemiology) exploratory research female generalized anxiety disorder (epidemiology) groups by age health survey human major clinical study major depression (epidemiology) male melancholia (epidemiology) mental deficiency (epidemiology) mini international neuropsychiatric interview mixed anxiety and depression (epidemiology) oppositional defiant disorder (epidemiology) prevalence psychogenic pain (epidemiology) schizoaffective psychosis (epidemiology) social class social phobia (epidemiology) social status somatization (epidemiology) tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014816605 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.140618 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 133 TITLE Psychiatric disorders and pain treatment in community nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Brennan P.L. SooHoo S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brennan P.L., penny.brennan@va.gov; SooHoo S.) Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.L. Brennan, Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. Email: penny.brennan@va.gov SOURCE American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2014) 22:8 (792-800). Date of Publication: August 2014 ISSN 1545-7214 (electronic) 1064-7481 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, agents@lww.com ABSTRACT Objective: Effective pain assessment and pain treatment are key goals in community nursing homes, but residents' psychiatric disorders may interfere with attaining these goals. This study addressed whether (1) pain assessment and treatment obtained by nursing home residents with psychiatric disorders differs from that obtained by residents without psychiatric disorders; (2) this difference is found consistently across the four types of psychiatric disorder most prevalent in nursing homes (dementia, depression, serious mental illness, and substance use disorder); and (3) male gender, non-white, and longer length of stay add to psychiatric disorders to elevate risk of potentially adverse pain ratings and pain treatments. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we examined relationships among National Nursing Home Survey 2004 residents' demographic, diagnostic, pain, and pain treatment characteristics. Results: Compared with residents without psychiatric disorders, those with psychiatric disorders were less likely to be rated as having pain in the last 7 days and had lower and more "missing" or "don't know" pain severity ratings. They also were less likely to obtain opioids and more likely to be given only nonopioid pain medications, even after statistically adjusting for demographic factors, physical functioning, and pain severity. These effects generally held across all four types of psychiatric disorders most prevalent in nursing homes and were compounded by male, non-white, and longerstay status. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders besides dementia may impact pain assessment and treatment in nursing homes. Nursing home residents with psychiatric disorders, especially male, non-white, and longer-stay residents, should be targeted for improved pain care. © 2014 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy) opiate (drug therapy) paracetamol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia mental disease nursing home pain assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age aged article controlled study cross-sectional study dementia demography depression disease severity female gender human length of stay major clinical study male masculinity massage music therapy nursing home patient pain (drug therapy, therapy) patient positioning prevalence race serious mental illness substance abuse CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) paracetamol (103-90-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014490607 MEDLINE PMID 23659899 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23659899) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2012.12.216 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 134 TITLE The prevalence and patterns of substance abuse among nurse anesthesia students. AUTHOR NAMES Bozimowski G. Groh C. Rouen P. Dosch M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bozimowski G.; Groh C.; Rouen P.; Dosch M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Bozimowski, SOURCE AANA journal (2014) 82:4 (277-283). Date of Publication: Aug 2014 ISSN 0094-6354 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence, demographic factors, outcomes, and preventative measures for substance abuse among nurse anesthesia students over a 5-year period from 2008 to 2012. An electronic survey was sent to 111 program directors of accredited nurse anesthesia programs in the United States. Twenty-three programs (response rate = 21.7%) reported data related to 2,439 students. Sixteen incidents of substance abuse were reported for a 5-year prevalence of 0.65%. Opioids were the most frequent drug of choice (n = 9). The programs identified no predisposing risk factors in 50% of the incidents. For the students, reported outcomes included voluntary entry into treatment (n = 10), dismissal from the program (n = 7), loss of nursing license (n = 2), and 1 death. Pre-enrollment background checks and drug testing for cause were the most commonly reported screening practices. The most frequently reported prevention strategy was wellness promotion education. The prevalence was lower among student registered nurse anesthetists, as compared with certified registered nurse anesthetists. Although additional studies are necessary to verify this finding, an opportunity might exist for programs to be proactive in assessing risk postgraduation. Future studies evaluating the effectiveness of wellness promotion efforts might lead toward a standardized, best practice approach to risk reduction strategies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) malpractice nurse anesthetist nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human information processing male prevalence statistics United States (epidemiology) young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 25167607 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25167607) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 135 TITLE Barriers to discontinuation of chronic benzodiazepine use in nursing home residents: Perceptions of general practitioners and nurses AUTHOR NAMES Bourgeois J. Elseviers M.M. Azermai M. Van Bortel L. Petrovic M. Vander Stichele R.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bourgeois J., Jolyce.bourgeois@ugent.be; Azermai M.; Van Bortel L.; Vander Stichele R.R.) Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. (Elseviers M.M.) Department of Nursing Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. (Petrovic M.) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Bourgeois, Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Email: Jolyce.bourgeois@ugent.be SOURCE European Geriatric Medicine (2014) 5:3 (181-187). Date of Publication: June 2014 ISSN 1878-7657 (electronic) 1878-7649 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS, 62 rue Camille Desmoulins, Issy les Moulineaux Cedex, France. infos@masson.fr ABSTRACT Background/Aim Prescription guidelines caution against chronic benzodiazepine (BZD) use. Nevertheless, chronic use among older adults, especially in nursing homes is widespread. We wanted to explore why it is difficult to implement discontinuation. We focused on individual residents that used BZDs and explored benefit and harm of chronic BZD use, willingness to try and barriers against the discontinuation of chronic BZD use. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we selected nursing home residents with at least 3 months of BZD use. A resident-specific questionnaire was addressed to the GP and to the responsible nurse and questioned effectiveness, side effects, initiation and willingness to stop. For every resident, the GP and nurse had to score 8 barrier statements on a 10-point Likert scale. Additionally, we collected 10 general attitudes scored by GPs and nurses. Results We received data for 109 chronic BZD users. GPs and nurses indicated that the BZD still had the desired effect in respectively 87% and 83% of the 109 residents and in 75% and 70% they observed no side-effect. Dependence was seen in respectively 41% and 28%. Overall, the GPs had higher barriers than the nurses but indicated a higher willingness to stop (33% vs. 21%). Both caregivers were willing to stop in 13% of the residents. Conclusion The perceived effectiveness, the absence of side-effects and the presence of dependence in most residents on chronic BZD use resulted in a low willingness to stop. Future discontinuation guidelines should consider all caregivers' perceptions and promote a multidisciplinary approach. © 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS and European Union Geriatric Medicine Society. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alprazolam bromazepam clonazepam lorazepam lormetazepam prazepam tetrazepam zolpidem zopiclone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) general practitioner health personnel attitude long term care nurse nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article benzodiazepine dependence caregiver cross-sectional study drug efficacy electronic prescribing female human Likert scale major clinical study male nurse attitude nursing home patient attitude perception physician attitude priority journal questionnaire treatment duration CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alprazolam (28981-97-7) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) bromazepam (1812-30-2) clonazepam (1622-61-3) lorazepam (846-49-1) lormetazepam (848-75-9) prazepam (2955-38-6) tetrazepam (10379-14-3) zolpidem (82626-48-0) zopiclone (43200-80-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014409814 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2013.11.005 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 136 TITLE Challenges in nursing practice: Nurses' perceptions in caring for hospitalized medical-surgical patients with substance abuse/dependence AUTHOR NAMES Neville K. Roan N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Neville K., kneville@kean.edu) School of Nursing, Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave, Union, NJ 07083, United States. (Roan N.) Somerset Medical Center, Somerville, NJ, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Neville, Email: kneville@kean.edu SOURCE Journal of Nursing Administration (2014) 44:6 (339-346). Date of Publication: June 2014 ISSN 1539-0721 (electronic) 0002-0443 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE:: The objective of this study was to investigate nurses' perceptions of caring for hospitalized medical-surgical patients with comorbid conditions of substance abuse/dependence. BACKGROUND:: Critical to this issue of quality patient care is the rising incidence of comorbid drug and alcohol abuse among hospitalized patients. Little research exists on the perceptions of nurses providing care to substance abuse/dependent medical-surgical hospitalized patients. There exists the need to further explore nurses' perceptions regarding caring for this challenging population. METHODS:: Using a qualitative inductive approach, a convenience sample of 24 nurses completed research questions regarding their perceptions of caring for hospitalized patients with substance abuse/dependence. RESULTS:: Data analysis revealed ethical duty to care, negative perceptions toward patients with substance abuse/dependence, need for further education, sympathy, and issues with pain management. Providing quality nursing care for the hospitalized medical-surgical patient with concomitant alcohol and/or drug dependence is challenging for nursing. Nurses need additional education and professional support in caring for these individuals. Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nursing care nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comorbidity ethics female health care quality human male medical ethics methodology middle aged nursing nursing education psychological aspect qualitative research suicide (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24835142 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24835142) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000079 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 137 TITLE Tobacco dependence, the most important cardiovascular risk factor: treatment in the Czech Republic AUTHOR NAMES Králíková E. Kmeťová A. Štěpánková L. Zvolská K. Felbrová V. Kulovaná S. Bortlíček Z. Blaha M. Fraser K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Králíková E.; Kmeťová A.; Štěpánková L.; Zvolská K.; Felbrová V.; Kulovaná S.; Bortlíček Z.; Blaha M.; Fraser K.) Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic. eva.kralikova@lf1.cuni.cz SOURCE Physiological research / Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca (2014) 63 Supplement 3 (S361-S368). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1802-9973 (electronic) ABSTRACT Smoking is the most important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Stopping smoking halves the CV risk. Every clinician should provide a brief intervention with smokers. Intensive treatment should be available to those who need it. There are 37 Centers for Tobacco Dependence in the Czech Republic, which offer treatment including a psychobehavioral intervention and pharmacotherapy (varenicline, nicotine, bupropion). Czech physicians, pharmacists and nurses are regularly educated about smoking cessation. We describe the results of intensive treatment offered by our centers. Treatment includes screening (1 h), an intervention (2 h), and follow-up visits during the next 12 months. Among 3532 patients, 34.3 % had CO-validated abstinence at 12-months (including 489 patients who attended the screening visit + only the 12-month follow up visit). Among patients who underwent the intervention, the abstinence rate was 38.2 %. The majority of patients who underwent the intervention (N=2470) used some form of pharmacotherapy. After one year, the abstinence rate was 43.4 %, compared to 15.9 % (N=573) without pharmacotherapy. Only 28 % of patients came on the recommendation of a physician. Despite the decrease in CV risk following smoking cessation and the effectiveness of treatment, centers are underutilized. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult cardiovascular disease (epidemiology, prevention) clinical trial cohort analysis Czech Republic female follow up human male middle aged multicenter study risk factor smoking smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology, therapy) treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 25428741 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25428741) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 138 TITLE Using motivational interviewing for smoking cessation in primary care AUTHOR NAMES Ridner S.L. Ostapchuk M. Cloud R.N. Myers J. Jorayeva A. Ling J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ridner S.L., lee.ridner@louisville.edu; Ostapchuk M.; Cloud R.N.; Myers J.; Jorayeva A.; Ling J.) University of Louisville School of Nursing, Family Medicine, Kent School of Social Work, 555 S Floyd St, Louisville, KY 40202, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.L. Ridner, University of Louisville School of Nursing, Family Medicine, Kent School of Social Work, 555 S Floyd St, Louisville, KY 40202, United States. Email: lee.ridner@louisville.edu SOURCE Southern Medical Journal (2014) 107:5 (314-319). Date of Publication: May 2014 ISSN 1541-8243 (electronic) 0038-4348 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, LRorders@phl.lrpub.com ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the effects of resident physician motivational interviewing (MI), resident physician MI plus registered nurse (RN), and the standard of care counseling approachV ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange follow-up (5 As)Von current smokers' behaviors (readiness to quit, cigarettes smoked per day, current smoking rates), self-efficacy to quit smoking, and nicotine dependence. Methods: The study design was quasi-experimental pretest/posttest with a comparison group. Pencil/paper measures were completed in the clinic setting at baseline and via telephone approximately 1 and 2 months after the clinic visit. Results: There were no differences among the three groups in the proportion of participants who quit smoking, and the stages of change did not differ among the groups or over time. Therewas a significant time effect and a decrease in the number of cigarettes smoked per day (F (2,160) = 41.04, P < 0.001). Significant group × time interactionswere present for self-efficacy (F(4,140) = 8.20, P < 0.001), nicotine dependence (F(4,140) = 6.22, P < 0.001) and satisfactionwith clinician (F(4,160)=3.81,P=0.006). Post hoc analyses showed that participants in the MI groups smoked fewer cigarettes, had higher self-efficacy, and had lower nicotine dependence scores. Only participants in theMD-plus-RN follow-up group had significant positive changes in satisfaction scores. Conclusions: Resident physicians who use MI techniques have a tremendous effect on patients' smoking behaviors. When the resident physician and theRNworked together, participants achieved better outcomes. Copyright © 2014 by The Southern Medical Association. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) motivational interviewing primary medical care smoking cessation tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article controlled study counseling female follow up health care planning human interpersonal communication male outcome assessment patient care registered nurse resident satisfaction self concept smoking habit telephone interview EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014392159 MEDLINE PMID 24937733 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24937733) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0000000000000106 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 139 TITLE Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) as an integral part of nursing practice AUTHOR NAMES Finnell D.S. Nowzari S. Reimann B. Fischer L. Pace E. Goplerud E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Finnell D.S.; Nowzari S.; Reimann B.; Fischer L.; Pace E.; Goplerud E.) a Johns Hopkins University, School of Nursing , Baltimore , Maryland , USA SOURCE Substance abuse (2014) 35:2 (114-118). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1547-0164 (electronic) ABSTRACT ABSTRACT. Substance use screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) should be an integral part of the scope of nursing practice. This commentary is an appeal for nurses to advance their knowledge and competencies related to SBIRT. The question of how to move SBIRT into the mainstream of nursing practice was posed to several leaders of federal agencies, health care and nursing organizations, nurse educators, and nurse leaders. The authors provide recommendations for moving this set of clinical strategies (i.e., SBIRT) into day-to-day nursing practice. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health nurse attitude nursing patient referral EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis, therapy) human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24580067 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24580067) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2014.888384 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 140 TITLE Factors influencing adherence to dietary guidelines: A qualitative study on the experiences of patients with type 2 diabetes attending a clinic in Cape Town AUTHOR NAMES Ebrahim Z. De Villiers A. Ahmed T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ebrahim Z., zarina.ebrahim@uct.ac.za; De Villiers A.; Ahmed T.) Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Z. Ebrahim, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. SOURCE Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa (2014) 19:2 (76-84). Date of Publication: 2014 ISSN 1608-9677 BOOK PUBLISHER South African Medical Association, publishing@samedical.org ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Groote Schuur Hospital Diabetes Clinic in relation to contextual factors that promote or impede adherence to nutrition care guidelines.Subjects and setting: Eight diabetic patients (four males and four females) attending the Groote Schuur Hospital Diabetes Clinic who were between 40-70 years old.Outcome measures: Qualitative analysis of factors influencing adherence to dietary guidelines.Method: An explorative study, using a qualitative approach with eight semi-structured interviews, was used. Patients were interviewed at the diabetes outpatient clinic in Cape Town. Semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed, and thereafter analysed using ATLAS/ti®.Results: Various themes as to what influences adherence to dietary guidelines emerged. An ecological analysis is offered to understand the different levels of influence on participants' dietary behaviour. The main identified factors at individual level were motivation, individual knowledge, perceptions of moderation, self- responsibility, taste concept or cravings, and temptations. At small group (family and friends) level, family relations with the patients were identified as the main support system used to manage the diabetes. At the organisational or health systems level, long waiting times and the theme of seeing different doctors emerged as problematic factors, but overall, patients were satisfied with the clinic service. At community and policy level, culture and the cost of food were identified as key influential factors with regard to adherence to nutrition care guidelines.Conclusion: This study shows the usefulness of adopting an ecological model in identifying factors that influenced adherence to dietary guidelines by patients with type 2 diabetes. Some factors acted as enablers and others as barriers. These had an impact on patient adherence to nutrition care guidelines. These factors should be considered by diabetes educators, including dietitians and nurses and doctors, when planning treatment modalities for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. © SEMDSA. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dietary compliance non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus personal experience EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article clinical article dietary reference intake female human male nutrition education outpatient department qualitative analysis responsibility risk factor semi structured interview taste withdrawal syndrome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Internal Medicine (6) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014848002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 141 TITLE A case report of historical trauma among American Indians on a rural Northern Plains reservation AUTHOR NAMES Heckert W. Eisenhauer C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heckert W.; Eisenhauer C.) Author Affiliation: University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Nursing-Northern Division SOURCE Journal of forensic nursing (2014) 10:2 (106-109). Date of Publication: 2014 Apr-Jun ISSN 1939-3938 (electronic) ABSTRACT This case report describes historical trauma on a rural American Indian reservation and outlines participatory action approaches for nurses. The prevalence of historical trauma often goes unnoticed by healthcare professionals because of its multifaceted nature and subsequent lack of provider understanding. Nurses accustomed to looking only for physical and psychosocial signs of trauma may not specifically understand how to align significant historical trauma events with prevention, education, and healthcare delivery. Nursing interventions developed through participatory action and directed at individual, family, and community levels of care are most effective in treating and preventing cumulative effects of historical trauma. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) grief health disparity psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction American Indian art ethnology history history history human mental stress poverty rural population unemployment United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24847874 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24847874) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JFN.0000000000000028 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 142 TITLE Nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward pain in the emergency department AUTHOR NAMES Moceri J.T. Drevdahl D.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moceri J.T.) Tacoma, WA. Electronic address: joanemoceri@gmail.com (Drevdahl D.J.) Tacoma, WA SOURCE Journal of emergency nursing: JEN : official publication of the Emergency Department Nurses Association (2014) 40:1 (6-12). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2014 ISSN 1527-2966 (electronic) ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate emergency nurses' knowledge and attitudes about pain.METHODS: A descriptive design was used for this study. A validated tool, the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP), was administered to nurses working in 5 U.S. emergency departments. Demographic data also were collected from each participant.RESULTS: Ninety-one emergency nurses completed the survey. The mean total KASRP score was 76%. No significant differences were found in mean total scores by age, education level, years of nursing experience, or years of ED experience. Eight questions were answered incorrectly by more than 50% of participants. Five of these questions were related to opioid pharmacology and dosage, 2 concerned understanding of addiction and dependence, and one was linked to nurse assessment and patient report of pain level. Analysis of these 8 questions revealed that higher education levels had a weak positive association with correct answers.DISCUSSION: Participants taking the survey scored comparably or better than participants in other reported studies using the KASRP. Years of nursing experience was not correlated with correct responses. Findings from this study underscore the Institute of Medicine's Pain in America recommendation to increase pain management education for all providers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude procedures statistics and numerical data EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult age distribution analgesia analysis of variance clinical competence emergency health service emergency nursing female human male middle aged nursing staff pain (diagnosis, drug therapy) pain measurement questionnaire United States young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22841012 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22841012) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2012.04.014 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 143 TITLE Alcohol and health content in nursing baccalaureate degree curricula. AUTHOR NAMES Savage C. Dyehouse J. Marcus M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage C.) Christine Savage, PhD, RN, CARN, FAAN, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland. Janice Dyehouse, PhD, RN, University of Cincinnati College of Nursing, Ohio. Marianne Marcus, EdD, RN, FAAN, University of Texas at Huston School of Nursing. (Dyehouse J.; Marcus M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Savage, SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2014) 25:1 (28-34). Date of Publication: 2014 Jan-Mar ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Globally, a paradigm shift has occurred in the field of alcohol and health from treatment of alcoholism to reducing at-risk drinking. The purpose of this study was to determine if schools of nursing include content reflective of the new paradigm in their Bachelor of Science in Nursing curricula. This was a cross-sectional electronic survey of schools of nursing to determine the mean number of alcohol-related content hours presented, the content offered, and the inclusion of strategies aimed at reduction of at-risk drinking such as screening and brief intervention. The schools (n = 66) reported a mean of 11.3 hours of alcohol-related content, with most of the content related to the treatment of alcohol dependence. Less than 10% required competency in screening and brief intervention. This gap in Bachelor of Science in Nursing curricula carries serious implications in that nurses may not have the knowledge and competencies needed to provide interventions to patients with at-risk alcohol use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum drinking behavior (prevention) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cross-sectional study female human male psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24613948 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24613948) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000018 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 144 TITLE Adolescents and child maltreatment. AUTHOR NAMES Beard J.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Beard J.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.W. Beard, SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2014) 29:2 (71-74). Date of Publication: Mar 2014 ISSN 1942-602X ABSTRACT Child maltreatment is a very complex medical and social problem. Many children have died as a result of child maltreatment; others are depressed, engaging in risky behaviors and substance abuse and running away from home. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of child maltreatment in the United States. Characteristics and contributing factors of maltreatment are described, and health and behavior problems associated with maltreated adolescents will be reviewed. Additionally the role of the school nurse will be discussed. It is imperative that school nurses are aware of the significance of the problem and the effects that child maltreatment has on children as they mature into early adulthood. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child abuse domestic violence eating disorder (epidemiology) ethnology health behavior human social support statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24707655 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24707655) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X13517721 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 145 TITLE Effects of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) education and training on nursing students' attitudes toward working with patients who use alcohol and drugs. AUTHOR NAMES Puskar K. Gotham H.J. Terhorst L. Hagle H. Mitchell A.M. Braxter B. Fioravanti M. Kane I. Talcott K.S. Woomer G.R. Burns H.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Puskar K., krp12@pitt.edu) University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. (Gotham H.J.; Terhorst L.; Hagle H.; Mitchell A.M.; Braxter B.; Fioravanti M.; Kane I.; Talcott K.S.; Woomer G.R.; Burns H.K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Puskar, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Email: krp12@pitt.edu SOURCE Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2013) 34:2 (122-128). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 1547-0164 (electronic) ABSTRACT Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) can reduce alcohol use and negative health outcomes in patients with risky substance use. However, negative attitudes that some health care professionals have toward patients who use substances are a barrier to implementing SBIRT. The University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, in partnership with the Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions (IRETA), developed a curriculum to train baccalaureate student nurses to deliver SBIRT. Following SBIRT education and training, students' perceived attitudes toward patients who use alcohol became more positive. Less robust changes were found for attitudes related to patients who use drugs. Nurses composing the largest group of healthcare workers are in key positions to screen, intervene, and provide education about substance use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article curriculum female health personnel attitude human male middle aged program development psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23577905 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23577905) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 146 TITLE Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment: Overview of and student satisfaction with an undergraduate addiction training program for nurses AUTHOR NAMES Mitchell A.M. Puskar K. Hagle H. Gotham H.J. Talcott K.S. Terhorst L. Fioravanti M. Kane I. Hulsey E. Luongo P. Burns H.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mitchell A.M., ammi@pitt.edu; Puskar K.; Talcott K.S.; Fioravanti M.; Kane I.) University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, United States. (Terhorst L.) Community Care Behavioral Health Organization, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United States. (Hagle H.; Luongo P.) Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions, United States. (Hulsey E.) (Burns H.K.) Excela Health/Latrobe and University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Gotham H.J.) School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. M. Mitchell, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria Street, 415 Victoria Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States. Email: ammi@pitt.edu SOURCE Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (2013) 51:10 (29-37). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 0279-3695 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT Preparing nursing students to apply an evidence-based screening and brief intervention approach with patients has the potential to reduce patients' risky alcohol and drug use. Responding to Mollica, Hyman, and Mann's article published in 2011, the current article describes implementation results of an Addiction Training for Nurses program of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) embedded within an undergraduate nursing curriculum. Results reveal that students in other schools of nursing would benefit from similar, significant training on substance use disorders and SBIRT. Training satisfaction surveys (N = 488) indicate students were satisfied with the quality of the training experience. More than 90% of students strongly agreed or agreed that the training was relevant to their nursing careers and would help their patients. Additional clinical practice and skill development may increase students' reported effectiveness in working with the topic area of substance use and SBIRT. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) nursing education teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article curriculum education female human male mass screening methodology middle aged nursing patient referral program development program evaluation psychotherapy United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23855435 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23855435) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20130628-01 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 147 TITLE A pilot study of addiction professionals' views of certification AUTHOR NAMES Massella J. Simons L. Young J. Haas D. Toth P.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Massella J.; Simons L., lorgold@aol.com; Young J.; Haas D.; Toth P.W.) Social Science Division, Widener University, One University Place, Chester, PA 19013-5792, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Social Science Division, Widener University, One University Place, Chester, PA 19013-5792, United States. SOURCE Addictive Disorders and their Treatment (2013) 12:4 (201-212). Date of Publication: December 2013 ISSN 1531-5754 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT A survey was conducted on the perceived value of certification with 157 certified addiction professionals in the State of Pennsylvania. An overwhelming number of professionals appraised certification as necessary for work in the substance abuse treatment field. The results from a discriminant analysis separated addiction professionals who did and did not advocate for hiring a certified professional. Certified addiction professionals' level of advocacy was closely related to their perceptions of certification. The results further indicate that certified addiction professionals have different motivations for certification and recertification. Sex and years of experience were related to motivation for recertification. Implications for certification boards are discussed. Copyright © 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health certification health personnel attitude recertification EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged career case manager controlled study demography employment female health care survey health survey human job experience male medical specialist middle aged motivation normal human patient advocacy perception physician pilot study priority journal professional competence professionalism review specialization United States young adult EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014031384 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ADT.0b013e318272d773 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 148 TITLE Severity of mobile phone and internet use among B.Sc. Nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Kumari A. D'Souza M.S. Dhar T. Savitha Alex S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kumari A.; D'Souza M.S.; Dhar T.; Savitha, savitha.umesh@manipal.edu) Department of Mental Health/Psychiatric Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India. (Alex S.) Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Savitha, Department of Mental Health/Psychiatric Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India. Email: savitha.umesh@manipal.edu SOURCE Nitte University Journal of Health Science (2013) 3:4 (67-70). Date of Publication: December 2013 ISSN 2249-7110 BOOK PUBLISHER Nitte University, 6th Flr, Medical Sciences Complex,, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. ABSTRACT Introduction: India continues to be one of the fastest growing major telecom markets in the world. Around 60 million of internet users are from India and 19 to 40 years age group section 85% using internet in India. Young nurses today have wide spread and inexpensive access to the internet. Aims and Objectives: To assess the severity score of mobile phone use and internet use among BSc. Nursing students and to find the relationship between mobile phone and internet use. Study design: descriptive survey. Methods and materials: The study was conducted among 114 BSc. nursing students in Manipal College of nursing Manipal. A convenient sampling technique was used. The data was obtained by using a demographic proforma, mobile phone addiction test and internet addiction test. Results: Most of the subjects 50 (43.9%) belongs to 19-20 years of age. 1.8% subjects reported of having mild addiction to mobile phone use. Three (2.6%) subjects had moderate internet addiction and 35 (30.7%) subjects reported of having mild internet addiction. The 'r' value (r=0.610, p= ≤ 0.001) showed that there is a positive relationship between use of mobile phone and internet use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) internet addiction (diagnosis) mobile phone addiction (diagnosis) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article controlled study correlation analysis demography descriptive research disease severity female human India lifestyle major clinical study male personality psychologic test reliability sex difference social life urban rural difference validity EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013636125 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 149 TITLE High-alert medications in pediatrics hospital AUTHOR NAMES Bataille J. Joret P. Prot-Labarthe S. Bourdon O. Brion F. Hartmann J.-F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bataille J.; Joret P.; Prot-Labarthe S.; Bourdon O.; Brion F.) APHP, Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France. (Bataille J.; Joret P.; Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Pharmacie Clinique, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. (Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Laboratoire Education et Pratiques de Santé, Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, Paris, France. (Hartmann J.-F.) Coordonnateur de La Gestion Des Risques AssociéS Aux Soins, CLIN/CVRiS Resp. du Manag. De La Qualite de La Prise En Charge MeDicamenteuse, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Bataille, APHP, Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France. SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:6 (1321). Date of Publication: December 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 42nd ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Implementation of Pharmacy Practice CONFERENCE LOCATION Prague, Czech Republic CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-16 to 2013-10-18 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands ABSTRACT Background and Objective: High-alert medications have the highest risk of causing injury when misused. Errors on high-alert medications occur at the same rate compared to usual medicine. Pediatric population itself is at high risk of drug misuse. The aim of this study is to identify clinicians, nurses and pharmacists perceptions of high-alert medications and to develop a pediatrics specific high-alert medications list. Setting and Method: A three step process was set: (1) review of literature, (2) electronic survey was sent to clinicians (seniors and residents), registered nurses, young nurses and pharmacists working in a pediatric university French hospital. They suggested their top ten highalert medications and the medication which was the most frequently involved. They were asked the type of errors they have already encountered and to describe the consequences of the misuse. Results were compared to the Institute for Safe Medications Practices list and Franke&al PICU-specific, high-alert medications list. (3) consensus of experts who approved a list of high-alert medications for the hospital. Main outcome measures: Obtain a pediatrics specific high-alert medications list. Results: The review of literature pinpoints four documentary sources 27 medication classes and 63 specific medications. Only one study has identified a pediatric intensive care unit, specific high-alert medications in the United States (US). The response survey rate was 20 % and nurses were the most represented category. The number of medicines listed fluctuate form 3-10. The consensus list was composed of 17 medication classes and specific medications such as adrenaline aerosol, amiodarone, anticoagulants and antimalarial drugs. The complete table will be presented in the final poster. Conclusions: Four medications weren't identified on the Institute for Safe Medications Practices list and the PICU-specific, high-alert medications list: injectable acetaminophen, quinine and derivates, magnesium sulfate and adrenaline aerosol. This difference could be due to diversity of practice between France and US (incidence of pathology, habit of care and specific commercialized medicine). Currently, no pediatrics' specific high-alert medications list was described in France and only one in the US. The diffusion of the list can sensibilise the nursing staff to the drugs they have to be aware of. A national study has to be conducted in other pediatrics' hospital to confirm these results. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS adrenalin amiodarone anticoagulant agent antimalarial agent magnesium sulfate paracetamol quinine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy drug therapy hospital pediatrics pharmacy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aerosol consensus diffusion drug misuse France habit human injury intensive care unit nurse nursing staff pathology pharmacist population registered nurse risk United States university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9886-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 150 TITLE Impact of training on Nigerian healthcare professionals' knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance AUTHOR NAMES Osakwe A. Oreagba I. Adewunmi A.J. Adekoya A. Fajolu I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Osakwe A.; Oreagba I., oreagbai@yahoo.com) National Pharmacovigilance Centre, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, Abuja, Nigeria. (Oreagba I., oreagbai@yahoo.com) Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, 12003 Idi-araba, Nigeria. (Adewunmi A.J.) Accident and Emergency, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Lagos, Nigeria. (Adekoya A.) Pharmacy Department, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Lagos, Nigeria. (Fajolu I.) Department of Peadiatrics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Lagos, Nigeria. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Oreagba, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, 12003 Idi-araba, Nigeria. Email: oreagbai@yahoo.com SOURCE International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine (2013) 25:4 (219-227). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 0924-6479 1878-6847 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER IOS Press, Nieuwe Hemweg 6B, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other possible drug related problem. The effectiveness of this system revolves on the active participation of the healthcare practitioners. Poor knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance has necessitated training of healthcare professionals in different parts of Nigeria. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study are to determine the knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance amongst health professionals in Nigeria and the impact of previous training in pharmacovigilance on their knowledge and practice. METHODS: In this descriptive cross sectional study, purposive and systematic random sampling method was used in selecting health facilities and health care practitioners respectively. Data were collected using a three-part peer-reviewed structured questionnaire administered through electronic mail (25) and self administration by healthcare professionals (316). RESULTS: Respondents who had received training on pharmacovigilance had better knowledge of correct definition of pharmacovigilance (P = 0.001) and better theoretical knowledge and practice scores of pharmacovigilance (P = 0.001). Receiving quarterly newsletters was not significantly associated (p = 0.220) with improved knowledge of pharmacovigilance. Overall, knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance in Nigeria was still below average. The main challenges faced in the reporting and detecting of ADR were lack of awareness, poor communication, lack of continuity in training and poor funding. CONCLUSION: Although training was associated with improved knowledge and practice of pharmacovigilance amongst the health care providers studied, its overall impact was mild. Strengthened awareness creation and innovations in PV training methods are necessary to improve the efficiency of the program. © 2013-IOS Press. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug surveillance program health care personnel medical education professional knowledge EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article awareness biomedical engineer biomedical engineering clinical practice continuing education cross-sectional study descriptive research dietitian e-mail female funding health care facility human interpersonal communication laboratory personnel male Nigeria normal human nurse paramedical personnel peer review pharmacist physician physiotherapist publication radiological technologist structured questionnaire work experience EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Pharmacy (39) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014053617 MEDLINE PMID 24305560 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24305560) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JRS-130605 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 151 TITLE The use and costs of health and social services in patients with longstanding substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Vossius C. Testad I. Skjæveland R. Nesvåg S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vossius C., c.vossius@hotmail.com) Stokka Teaching Nursing Home, Lassaveien 10, Stavanger, N-4022 Norway. (Testad I.; Skjæveland R.; Nesvåg S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Vossius, Stokka Teaching Nursing Home, Lassaveien 10, Stavanger, N-4022 Norway. Email: c.vossius@hotmail.com SOURCE BMC health services research (2013) 13 (185). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 1472-6963 (electronic) ABSTRACT Persons with longstanding substance abuse might become increasingly dependent on help by the public, eventually requiring permanent care. In 2006 the municipality of Stavanger established a so-called addiction ward for these clients, comprising 17 beds at the largest municipal nursing home. We assumed that the residents of this ward were high consumers of health care and social services during the last months preceding their admission. The aim of the study was to register the type and extent of services that were claimed by this client group during the last six months prior to admission, and to calculate the costs that were caused. Further, we estimated the incremental costs for nursing home placement. In 15 residents from the addiction ward the use of all welfare services during the six months prior to admission were registered. Costs were calculated by unit costs from a municipal, national and societal perspective. Mean total costs during this period were €32 474. Approximately half of these costs were borne by state-funded institutions, and half were borne by the municipality. The clients used a great variety of services aimed at subsistence, health care and support in independent living, while services aimed at drug withdrawal were not claimed. There was no correlation between costs and the level of functioning. The incremental costs for nursing home admission were borne by the municipalities. Persons with longstanding substance abuse represent a group with a high use of welfare resources and hence cause high costs. However, our findings do not indicate any correlation between the amount of services rendered and the level of functioning. Further research should focus on the identification of the clients' need for support in order to facilitate targeted interventions that might prevent further deterioration and, finally, the need for permanent care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence treatment health care cost nursing home patient care residential care social work EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article economics female hospital admission human male middle aged Norway statistics utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23692822 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23692822) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 152 TITLE Antithymocyte globulin treatment for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: 12-month results of a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial AUTHOR NAMES Gitelman S.E. Gottlieb P.A. Rigby M.R. Felner E.I. Willi S.M. Fisher L.K. Moran A. Gottschalk M. Moore W.V. Pinckney A. Keyes-Elstein L. Aggarwal S. Phippard D. Sayre P.H. Ding L. Bluestone J.A. Ehlers M.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gitelman S.E., sgitelma@peds.ucsf.edu; Bluestone J.A.) University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Gottlieb P.A.) Barbara Davis Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States. (Rigby M.R.) Indiana University and Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, United States. (Felner E.I.) Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. (Willi S.M.) Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Fisher L.K.) Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. (Moran A.) University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. (Gottschalk M.) University of California, San Diego, CA, United States. (Moore W.V.) Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States. (Pinckney A.; Keyes-Elstein L.) Rho Federal Systems Division, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. (Aggarwal S.; Phippard D.) Immune Tolerance Network, Bethesda, MD, United States. (Sayre P.H.; Ehlers M.R.) Immune Tolerance Network, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Ding L.) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.E. Gitelman, University of California, Box 0434, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States. Email: sgitelma@peds.ucsf.edu SOURCE The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology (2013) 1:4 (306-316). Date of Publication: December 2013 ISSN 2213-8587 BOOK PUBLISHER Lancet Publishing Group, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Type 1 diabetes results from T-cell-mediated destruction of β cells. Findings from preclinical studies and pilot clinical trials suggest that antithymocyte globulin (ATG) might be effective for reducing this autoimmune response. We assessed the safety and efficacy of rabbit ATG in preserving islet function in participants with recent-onset type 1 diabetes, and report here our 12-month results. Methods: For this phase 2, randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, we enrolled patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes, aged 12-35 years, and with a peak C-peptide of 0·;4 nM or greater on mixed meal tolerance test from 11 sites in the USA. We used a computer generated randomisation sequence to randomly assign patients (2:1, with permuted-blocks of size three or six and stratified by study site) to receive either 6·;5 mg/kg ATG or placebo over a course of four days. All participants were masked and initially managed by an unmasked drug management team, which managed all aspects of the study until month 3. Thereafter, to maintain masking for diabetes management throughout the remainder of the study, participants received diabetes management from an independent, masked study physician and nurse educator. The primary endpoint was the baseline-adjusted change in 2-h area under the curve C-peptide response to mixed meal tolerance test from baseline to 12 months. Analyses were by intention to treat. This is a planned interim analysis of an on-going trial that will run for 24 months of follow-up. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00515099. Findings: Between Sept 10, 2007, and June 1, 2011, we screened 154 individuals, randomly allocating 38 to ATG and 20 to placebo. We recorded no between-group difference in the primary endpoint: participants in the ATG group had a mean change in C-peptide area under the curve of -0·;195 pmol/mL (95% CI -0·;292 to -0·;098) and those in the placebo group had a mean change of -0·;239 pmol/mL (-0·;361 to -0·;118) in the placebo group (p=0·;591). All except one participant in the ATG group had both cytokine release syndrome and serum sickness, which was associated with a transient rise in interleukin-6 and acute-phase proteins. Acute T cell depletion occurred in the ATG group, with slow reconstitution over 12 months. However, effector memory T cells were not depleted, and the ratio of regulatory to effector memory T cells declined in the first 6 months and stabilised thereafter. ATG-treated patients had 159 grade 3-4 adverse events, many associated with T-cell depletion, compared with 13 in the placebo group, but we detected no between-group difference in incidence of infectious diseases. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that a brief course of ATG does not result in preservation of β-cell function 12 months later in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes. Generalised T-cell depletion in the absence of specific depletion of effector memory T cells and preservation of regulatory T cells seems to be an ineffective treatment for type 1 diabetes. Funding: US National Institutes of Health and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) thymocyte antibody (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acute phase protein (endogenous compound) C peptide (endogenous compound) C reactive protein (endogenous compound) interleukin 10 (endogenous compound) interleukin 6 (endogenous compound) placebo serum amyloid A (endogenous compound) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (drug therapy, drug therapy) recent onset type 1 diabetes (drug therapy, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acne (side effect) adolescent adult age distribution appendicitis (side effect) application site reaction (side effect) arthralgia (side effect) article backache (side effect) bipolar disorder (side effect) CD3+ T lymphocyte CD4 lymphocyte count CD4+ T lymphocyte CD8+ T lymphocyte cell function child clinical article comminuted fracture (side effect) connective tissue disease (side effect) controlled clinical trial controlled study coughing (side effect) cytokine release cytokine release syndrome (side effect) depression (side effect) drug efficacy drug safety exfoliative rash (side effect) exfoliative rash (side effect) faintness (side effect) fatigue (side effect) female fever (side effect) follow up gastrointestinal disease (side effect) headache (side effect) hematologic disease (side effect) human hyperglycemia (side effect) hypoglycemia (side effect) hypotension (side effect) immunopathology (side effect) infection (side effect) infestation (side effect) leukopenia (side effect) lymphatic system disease (side effect) lymphocytopenia (side effect) major depression (side effect) male mediastinum disease (side effect) memory T lymphocyte metabolic disorder (side effect) monotherapy mood change mood disorder (side effect) musculoskeletal disease (side effect) musculoskeletal pain (side effect) nausea (side effect) neurologic disease (side effect) neutropenia (side effect) nutritional disorder (side effect) oropharynx pain (side effect) pancreas islet beta cell phase 2 clinical trial priority journal pruritus (side effect) randomized controlled trial rash (side effect) regulatory T lymphocyte respiratory tract disease (side effect) rhinorrhea (side effect) school child serum sickness (side effect) side effect (side effect) skin disease (side effect) subcutaneous tissue disorder (side effect) subcutaneous tissue disorder (side effect) substance abuse T cell depletion thorax disease (side effect) treatment duration upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (side effect) upper respiratory tract infection (side effect) vascular disease (side effect) viral gastroenteritis (side effect) virus infection (side effect) vomiting (side effect) DRUG TRADE NAMES thymoglobulin , United StatesGenzyme DRUG MANUFACTURERS (United States)Genzyme CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS C peptide (59112-80-0) C reactive protein (9007-41-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Endocrinology (3) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00515099, NCT00965458, NCT01106157) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013721486 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70065-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 153 TITLE Sexual activity and adolescent health risk behaviours amongst high school students in three ethnic Chinese urban populations AUTHOR NAMES Ong J. Wong W. Lee A. Holroyd E. Huang S.Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ong J.; Wong W.; Lee A.; Holroyd E.; Huang S.Y.) School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Vic., Australia SOURCE Journal of clinical nursing (2013) 22:23-24 (3270-3279). Date of Publication: 1 Dec 2013 ISSN 1365-2702 (electronic) ABSTRACT AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare sexually active Chinese high school students in three major Asian cities with their non-sexually active counterparts in order to determine prevalence and associations with selected health outcomes.BACKGROUND: There have been limited studies to date on the association between sexual activity and substance use in Chinese high schools. While the role of the school nurse in the development of sexual health and harm reduction education in secondary schools has been well documented in international studies, this has received little attention in Asia.DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.METHODS: This study was administered in 2003/2004 to 13,895 Grades 6 to 12 high school students in Hong Kong (3498), Macau (6286) and Taipei (4111). Descriptive analysis was conducted followed by univariate analysis comparing sexual behaviour with (1) substance use including alcohol, smoking, illicit drugs; (2) feeling depressed for greater than or equal to two weeks in last 12 months; contemplating suicide during the last 12 months; and (3) perception of poor health/academic performance.RESULTS: The students (8%) reported being sexually active had marked differences in selected health outcomes when compared with the nonsexually experienced students. More than 90% of the sexually active students had tried alcohol, with more than 50% being regular drinkers, more than 30% testifying to binge drinking and nearly 50% reported depression in the past 12 months. Substance use, poorer perception of health and academic performance were also significantly higher in the sexually experienced students relative to their nonexperienced counterparts.CONCLUSIONS: Sexually experienced Chinese high school students surveyed were at higher risk of substance abuse, poorer psychological health and academic performance.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Community and public health nursing needs to address Asian adolescent sexual health education needs, in particular provide culturally targeted interventions for associated substance abuse and psychological health within the context of high school sex education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) ethnic group high risk behavior psychology sexual behavior EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult child China ethnology human male student young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23815294 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23815294) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12267 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 154 TITLE Relationship between spiritual well-being, sociodemographic characteristics and use of alcohol and other drugs by students ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Relação entre bem-estar espiritual, características sociodemográficas e consume de álcool e outras drogas por estudantes AUTHOR NAMES Silva R.P. de Souza P. Nogueira D.A. Moreira D.S. Chaves E.C.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Silva R.P.; de Souza P.; Nogueira D.A.; Moreira D.S.; Chaves E.C.L., echaves@unifal-mg.edu.br) Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal-MG), Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. C. L. Chaves, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro - 37130-000 - Alfenas, MG, Brazil. Email: echaves@unifal-mg.edu.br SOURCE Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria (2013) 62:3 (191-198). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 0047-2085 1982-0208 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Editora Cientifica Nacional Ltda, Rua da Gloria 366, 3o andar, P.O. Box 590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the use of alcohol and other drugs by nursing students and to investigate the relationship between this consumption, and the spiritual well-being and sociodemographic characteristics/religious students. Methods: This was an exploratory study of type epidemiological and cross-sectional, conducted with 100 graduating students of nursing at a university in southern Minas Gerais. The data collection was conducted in the second half of 2011 using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Scale and Spiritual Well-being, Screening Test of Involvement with Alcohol, Tobacco and other Substances. The statistical treatment of the data was performed using univariated analysis, through chi square test and multiple analyses, by logistic dichotomic regression. Results: Alcohol proved to be the most commonly used substance among students (84%), which in turn, showed a significant relationship with the spirituality of the same, seen that owning spiritual welfare negative (OR: 3,325; IC95%: 1,059-10,441) and having no religious frequent practice (OR: 3,392; IC95%: 1,064-10,811) increase the chances of abuse of this substance. Conclusion: Preventive initiatives to the consumption of psychoactive drugs linked to the practice of spiritual activities can be used as strategies to promote healthy habits and health maintenance, and also as a resource in the training of nursing students. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption spiritual care wellbeing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cross-sectional study demography drug abuse human medical student questionnaire rating scale social status EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Portuguese LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Portuguese EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013701290 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852013000300003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 155 TITLE Implementation of a tobacco treatment program within a multidisciplinary thoracic oncology surgery clinic AUTHOR NAMES Steliga M.A. Barone C.P. Boone E. Hullihan V.E. Franklin P.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steliga M.A.) Thoracic Surgery, University of Arkansas, United States. (Barone C.P.) College of Nursing, University of Arkansas, United States. (Boone E.) College of Health Professions, University of Arkansas, United States. (Hullihan V.E.; Franklin P.L.) Nursing- Dept of Surgery, University of Arkansas, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Steliga, Thoracic Surgery, University of Arkansas, United States. SOURCE Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013) 8 SUPPL. 2 (S1295-S1296). Date of Publication: November 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 15th World Conference on Lung Cancer CONFERENCE LOCATION Sydney, NSW, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-27 to 2013-10-30 ISSN 1556-0864 BOOK PUBLISHER International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer ABSTRACT Background: Many patients in a multidiscipinary thoracic oncology surgery clinic smoke, and are treated for diseases related to smoking. While some patients may be former smokers, many are actively smoking and unable to quit. In the short term, perioperative complications such as impaired wound healing, and increased respiratory complications are linked to continued tobacco use whereas long term survival may be impacted by smoking causing increased cardiovascular risk, worsening emphysema and future development of metachronous primary tumors. Although quitting smoking has proven health benefits, nicotine addiction is one of the most challenging to overcome leading to a nihilistic view of tobacco cessation in this setting by some patients and clinicians. Unaided cessation has a poor success rate (<5%), while a combination of physician recommendation, face to face counseling by certified tobacco treatment specialists (TTS), individualized pharmacotherapy and ongoing follow up can improve quit rates and tobacco abstinence. Methods: A multidisciplinary team from thoracic surgery, the college of nursing and the college of health professions was assembled with the goal of providing multifaceted, evidence-based tobacco treatment as an integrated part of our thoracic oncology surgery clinic. Three team members obtained TTS training. After institutional board review approval, all clinic patients were queried for tobacco use, and any patient actively smoking underwent brief intervention by the thoracic surgeon (who is a TTS) and was referred for more in depth counseling to another member of the team who is also a TTS. For patient convenience, and increased compliance with referral to cessation services, the counseling took place in clinic, in a private conference room adjacent to the exam rooms. Demographic data, tobacco use data, other drug/alcohol use and medication use data were recorded prospectively in a database. Follow up visits were conducted in the inpatient setting, upon return to clinic and/or contact via phone. Exhaled breath carbon monoxide monitoring was used during the visits to confirm initial active use and also used to confirm successful cessation. Results: Over the initial seven months, 60 patients were identified as active smokers. All received brief intervention by the surgeon and referral to the quitline and in-clinic TTS counselor. Despite physician recommendation, the free of charge service, and the convenience of the service in clinic, 23/60 patients refused to meet the TTS counselor. Of the patients (24/60) who agreed to meet with the TTS, consented to enroll in the program, and agreed to follow up contact, 17/24 (70.8%) quit and remained abstinent at last contact (between 1-6 month follow up). Some patients did not meet inclusion criteria yet still met with the TTS counselor for referral to the quitline, or to talk about continued abstinence after quitting. Conclusion: Integrating TTS in the multidisciplinary thoracic oncology surgery clinic can be accomplished. For those that enroll and consent to follow up, this pilot data demonstrates excellent shortterm quit rates in this setting. Ongoing enrollment, further follow up, and planned expansion to involve other clinics (pulmonary and medical oncology) will allow better understanding of the efficacy of tobacco cessation services integrated into clinical settings. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS carbon monoxide EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital lung cancer nursing oncology surgery tobacco EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence breathing cardiovascular risk college counseling data base diseases drug therapy emphysema evidence based practice follow up health hospital patient human long term survival medical specialist monitoring occupation patient peroperative complication physician primary tumor smoke smoking surgeon thorax surgery tobacco dependence tobacco use wound healing impairment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.JTO.0000438438.14562.c8 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 156 TITLE Identification of the pregnant woman who is using drugs: Implications for perinatal and neonatal care AUTHOR NAMES Casper T. Arbour M.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Casper T., Tammy.Casper@cchmc.org) Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States. (Casper T., Tammy.Casper@cchmc.org; Arbour M.W.) University Of Cincinnati College Of Nursing, Cincinnati, OH, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Casper, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 1013, NICU, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States. Email: Tammy.Casper@cchmc.org SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2013) 58:6 (697-701). Date of Publication: November/December 2013 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a set of drug withdrawal symptoms that affect the central nervous, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems in the newborn when separated from the placenta at birth. Maternal substance use of opioids, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol can cause NAS. Universal drug screening via questioning pregnant women is recommended, but identification of drug use is incomplete with this method. This article provides resources for the identification and management of drug use during pregnancy for midwives who provide care not only during the prenatal period but also during the intrapartum and postpartum periods. The impact of drug use on newborns can be significant and may require pharmacologic assistance with the transition to extrauterine life. Challenges involved in caring for the woman who is using drugs during pregnancy include ordering toxicology screens on the newborn, alerting social services, and educating the woman about her newborn's progress. Several measures to comfort a newborn with NAS may help to enable a mother to provide the best care for her newborn. © 2013 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amphetamine cocaine illicit drug opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use newborn care perinatal care pregnant woman EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article blood sampling drug dependence health education health personnel attitude high risk pregnancy human maternal attitude maternal morbidity maternal welfare meconium newborn screening perinatal period prenatal screening priority journal risk assessment umbilical cord blood urinalysis withdrawal syndrome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014036633 MEDLINE PMID 24015821 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24015821) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12087 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 157 TITLE Use of antibiotics in nursing homes--surveillance with different methods. AUTHOR NAMES Eriksen H.M. Sæther A.R. Viktil K.K. Andberg L. Munkerud M.W. Willoch K. Blix H.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eriksen H.M.; Sæther A.R.; Viktil K.K.; Andberg L.; Munkerud M.W.; Willoch K.; Blix H.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.M. Eriksen, SOURCE Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række (2013) 133:19 (2052-2056). Date of Publication: 15 Oct 2013 ISSN 0807-7096 (electronic) ABSTRACT Residents in nursing homes have a heightened risk of developing infections that should be treated with antibiotics. Inappropriate use of antibiotics may generate drug-related problems and increase resistance. In this study, we describe the use of antibiotics in nursing homes on the basis of prevalence surveys and drug sales statistics. Five nursing homes in Oslo participated in two one-day surveys in 2009. All use of systemic antibiotics was registered. The data collection was undertaken according to a protocol developed by the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) Network and was part of a European study. The nursing homes' drug sales statistics for systemic antibiotics during 2009, distributed by the number of bed days for each nursing home, were estimated. Information on indications for each antibiotic from the prevalence surveys was collated with sales data to achieve an estimate of how the purchased antibiotics were used. The prevalence surveys showed that more than 8% of the residents received antibiotics. Prophylactic treatment accounted for 33% of the prescriptions. A prevalence of antibiotic use of 10% was estimated from the drug sales statistics. Urinary tract infection was the most frequently registered indication. Pivmecillinam and methenamine were most frequently prescribed and most frequently purchased. Most courses of treatment were prescribed in accordance with the national guidelines for antibiotic use. The results from the drug sales statistics concurred well with the prevalence surveys, and the methods can thus be relevant for purposes of monitoring the use of antibiotics. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antiinfective agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methenamine (drug therapy) pivmecillinam (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article bacterial infection (drug therapy) economics human Norway prescription standard statistics CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methenamine (100-97-0, 24360-05-2) pivmecillinam (32886-97-8, 32887-03-9) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Norwegian MEDLINE PMID 24129536 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24129536) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 158 TITLE Prospective validation study of the prediction of alcohol withdrawal severity scale (PAWSS): A new scale for the prediction of moderate to severe alcohol withdrawal AUTHOR NAMES Maldonado J. Sher Y. Hills-Evans K. Swendsen H. Talley R. Lolak S. Miller A.C. Ashbouri J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Maldonado J.; Sher Y.; Hills-Evans K.; Swendsen H.; Talley R.; Lolak S.; Miller A.C.; Ashbouri J.) Stanford University, Stanford, CA USA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo Park, CA USA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Maldonado, SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2013) 62:4 SUPPL. 1 (S8-S9). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP Research Forum 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-14 to 2013-10-15 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Alcohol use disorder is the most serious substance abuse problem in the United States. The prevalence of alcoholism among medically ill patients ranges between 20% and 81%; about 30% develop alcohol withdrawal symptoms [AWS], requiring pharmacologic treatment. Complicated courses of AWS can include withdrawal-related seizures, hallucinosis, and delirium tremens (DTs). DTs occur in 10% of patients with AWS, resulting in death in up to 20% of cases with certain medical comorbidities. Studies demonstrate that alcohol withdrawal is detrimental to the central nervous system as it causes neuronal degeneration and death. Thus, appropriate identification and prevention of alcohol withdrawal in subjects at risk can greatly benefit patients by reducing the risk of brain damage (and thus the rate of neurocognitive decompensation), medical comorbidities, and length of hospital and ICU stays. Several tools quantify the severity of clinical AWS (eg, CIWA, AWSS), but none predict the subjects at risk, thus missing the opportunity for timely prophylaxis. To meet this need, we developed a tool to identify those at risk for moderate to severe AWS. Methods: We identified factors associated with AW severity through a systematic literature review (using Cochrane Databases, PubMed, PsychInfo, and MEDLINE) to identify factors associated with the development and severity of AWS. Based on the findings, we developed a 10-item scale to predict alcohol-dependent patients at risk for developing moderate to severe AWS (ie, seizures and delirium tremens). A pilot study (n=68) showed 100% sensitivity and specificity. We then designed a large prospective trial of 400 consecutive inpatients to test the PAWSS. Subjects were assessed using the PAWSS while independently assessed daily by nurses with the CIWA-Ar, along with clinical monitoring and measures of autonomic system functioning throughout their admission to determine the presence and severity of AWS. Examiners were blind to each other's findings. Results: We have results for 358 patients, grouped by PAWSS score (Group A: PAWSS <4; low risk for AWS, and Group B: PAWSS >4; high risk for moderate to severe AWS). None of the patients in Group A had elevated CIWA scores or were treated for AWS. Most patients in Group B required some pharmacologic treatment. Thus, using a PAWSS cutoff of 4, the tool's sensitivity is 100%, specificity is 98.5%, positive predictive value is 81.5%, and negative predictive value is 100%. Conclusions: The results of this prospective study show that PAWSS appears to have excellent psychometric characteristics and predictive value. Using PAWSS will help clinicians identify those at risk and prevent patients in the moderate to severe AWS range. This information may be used to provide prophylactic treatment to those at high risk and thus minimize the potential detrimental consequences of AWS (eg, sedation, delirium, respiratory depression, intubation) and potentially minimize recidivism of alcohol abuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol succimer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol withdrawal college emergency physician human prediction validation study EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse alcohol use disorder alcoholism autonomic nervous system brain damage central nervous system data base death delirium delirium tremens hallucinosis hospital hospital patient intubation Medline monitoring nerve cell degeneration nurse patient pilot study predictive value prevalence prevention prophylaxis prospective study PsycINFO recidivism respiration depression risk sedation seizure sensitivity and specificity substance abuse United States withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.305 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 159 TITLE An operational analysis of integrating screening and brief intervention into the normal workflow of the emergency department without additional resources AUTHOR NAMES Slain T. Rickard-Aasen S. Pringle J. Hegde G.G. Shang J. Johnjulio W. Venkat A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Slain T.; Rickard-Aasen S.; Pringle J.; Hegde G.G.; Shang J.; Johnjulio W.; Venkat A.) Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Program Evaluation Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA; Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; West Penn Allegheny Health System, Pittsburgh, PA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Slain, SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2013) 62:4 SUPPL. 1 (S101). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP Research Forum 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-14 to 2013-10-15 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objectives: Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) protocols for emergency department (ED) patients with evidence of alcohol or drug abuse can help prevent future at-risk behavior. However, to date, such ED programs have largely used external funding or additional personnel resources to execute SBI. Our objectives were to evaluate whether SBI could be integrated into the normal workflow of the ED without additional resources, identify demographic and operational factors associated with failure to properly perform the SBI protocol and report revenue collection from SBI. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational analysis of a protocol adding SBI to the normal workflow of a single, tertiary care ED (census: 50,000) for all adult patients in 2012. ED staff received ongoing training on SBI from 2010. From 1/12, ED nurses pre-screened for evidence of alcohol or drug abuse/at-risk behavior in adult patients during the social history triage assessment and, when positive, executed SBI during nursing care in the treatment area, all documented in our electronic medical record (EMR). We downloaded from the EMR demographic (age, sex, race, insurance status, acuity [ESI] level) and operational (mode and time of patient arrival, ED daily census, admission status) data on all adult ED visits in 2012 and whether pre-screening and, if positive, SBI was performed. Using multivariable logistic regression, we report demographic and operational factors significantly associated with failure to initiate and execute the SBI protocol by odds ratios (OR), 95CI and Wald Factors (initiation analysis alone due to its large sub-cohort size). Beginning in 10/12, we submitted itemized charges for brief intervention to discharged patients' insurers and report collections. Results: A total of 47693 visits by 31525 patients met inclusion criteria (Mean Age: 48, 48.4% male, 63% white, 32% black). A total of 39758 (83.4%) eligible visits had triage SBI protocol initiation. Demographic and operational variables significantly associated with decreased odds of SBI protocol initiation were decreasing age (OR for rising age association with SBI initiation: 1.044 95CI (1.042-1.045), Wald: 2906.2), arrival by ambulance (OR: 0.37 95CI (0.35-0.40), Wald: 863.4) and ESI acuity level 1 or 2 (OR: 0.08 95CI (0.07-0.09), Wald: 2585.5). 971 visits (2% of all visits) had documented brief interventions. Two hundred fifty-one additional visits (0.53% of all visits, 20.5% of potential brief intervention visits) had no brief intervention documented despite the SBI protocol indicating by positive pre-screen and screen that this should have taken place. Demographic and operational variables associated with decreased odds of brief intervention execution were female sex (OR: 0.61 95CI (0.43- 0.86)) and decreasing ED census (OR for rising ED census association with brief intervention execution: 1.012 95CI (1.01-1.02). $3617.53 was collected on $10829.15 charged (33.4% collection rate) from 262 visits with itemized billing for brief intervention. Conclusions: This trial indicates that SBI integration into the normal workflow of the ED is operationally feasible without additional resources. Variables most associated with failure to properly perform the SBI protocol were younger, female, higher acuity patients arriving by ambulance. Revenue collection for SBI remains challenging. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college emergency physician emergency ward human screening workflow EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult ambulance drug abuse electronic medical record emergency health service female funding insurance logistic regression analysis male nurse nursing care patient personnel population research risk tertiary health care LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.100 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 160 TITLE Knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of emergency department health care providers towards hepatitis c and rapid hepatitis c testing AUTHOR NAMES Rotte M. O'Donnell R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rotte M.; O'Donnell R.) Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Jefferson School of Population Health, Philadelphia, PA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Rotte, SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2013) 62:4 SUPPL. 1 (S103). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP Research Forum 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-14 to 2013-10-15 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objectives: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently updated its recommendations regarding screening for Hepatitis C (HCV) infection to include all individuals born between 1945 and 1965 (“baby boomers”) along with those who have traditional risk factors (such as intravenous drug abuse). It is known that patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) have higher rates of infectious diseases, such as HIV, than the general population. Therefore the ED may represent an important site for routine HCV screening. We sought to determine the knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes of ED health care providers (HCP) about HCV and rapid HCV testing in the ED. Methods: An observational study was conducted using a 24-item online survey. All ED resident and attending physicians, as well as all mid-level providers, were invited via email to take the survey on www.surveymonkey.com. All survey responses were de-identified. The survey evaluated HCP knowledge of the epidemiology, health consequences, treatment, and screening recommendations for HCV. HCP beliefs regarding their perceived risk for contracting HCV while at work and their attitudes toward implementation of rapid HCV testing in the ED were recorded. We used descriptive statistics to analyze the results. Results: Of the 90 HCP who were invited to complete the survey, 78 (87%) completed the survey in full. Of these, 11 (14%) were mid-level providers (ie, nurse practitioners or physician assistants), 36 (46%) were resident physicians, and 31 (40%) were attending physicians. Overall, knowledge levels regarding the health consequences of HCV were high. However, less than half of HCP correctly identified the prevalence of HCV and 81% were unaware that there are medications available that can cure HCV. Fifty-eight percent were aware of the new CDC HCV screening guidelines. Regarding attitudes towards HCV, 42% of HCP reported that they are worried about contracting HCV while working in the ED, 41% reported the use of additional barrier protection for patients with known HCV, and 67% were more worried about contracting HCV than hepatitis B and HIV from a needlestick injury. In contrast, 24% of HCP did not identify health care workers as at higher risk for HCV than the general population and 40% denied that HCP infected with HCV could transmit HCV to a patient. With regard to rapid HCV testing in the ED, 71% of providers agreed or strongly agreed that this would benefit their patients. Sixty-nine percent of providers also agreed or strongly agreed that many patients would want a rapid HCV test in the ED. Finally, only 9% of ED HCP felt that rapid HCV testing would take too long and “bottleneck” the ED. Conclusions: Although ED HCP have high knowledge levels regarding the health consequences of HCV, knowledge of prevalence, available treatments, and screening recommendations remain low. Additionally, although ED HCP report concern about contacting HCV while at work, many do not identify themselves as being at higher risk for HCV. There was support among HCP for the implementation of rapid HCV testing in the ED. These results will be important to consider if rapid HCV testing is instituted in the ED setting. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS eldecalcitol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college emergency physician emergency ward health care personnel hepatitis C human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS baby boomer disease control drug therapy e-mail epidemiology health hepatitis B Human immunodeficiency virus infection intravenous drug abuse needlestick injury nurse practitioner observational study patient physician physician assistant population prevalence prevention protection resident risk risk factor screening statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.108 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 161 TITLE Effective nonpharmacological strategies for smoking cessation in geriatric long term care residents AUTHOR NAMES Shalshin A. Krichmar G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shalshin A.; Krichmar G.) Franklin Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation, Greenvale, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Shalshin, Franklin Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation, Greenvale, United States. SOURCE Chest (2013) 144:4 MEETING ABSTRACT. Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME CHEST 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-26 to 2013-10-31 ISSN 0012-3692 BOOK PUBLISHER American College of Chest Physicians ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate effective non - pharmacological strategies that help geriatric residents of long term care facilities in smoking cessation METHODS: From January 2011 - December 2012, all active smokers over the age of 65 and current residents of long term care facility were invited to participate in a prospective study to evaluate effectiveness of smoking cessation strategies. In total 74 patients agreed, and were followed for a minimum of one year after initial intervention. Successful tobacco cessation was defined as abstinence for 6 months and more. Interventions included individual counseling from (primary care physician, nurse and a pulmonary consultant), educational self-help written and video material, family involvement and support. Each participant had consumed tobacco for more than 5 years and smoked on average half of pack per day. RESULTS: Out of 74 patients recruited 34 (46%) patients had successfully quit smoking, 8 (11%) patients had initial success, but relapsed within 6 months. In the period of at least 12 months follow up each patient was visited by multidisciplinary team consisting of nurse, primary care physician and pulmonary consultant complemented by self-help material, video and written on benefits of smoking cessation. Each participant's family was encouraged to provide additional support and educated on the benefits of multifaceted approach to tobacco addiction treatment. Remaining 32 (43%) of patients expressed interest in smoking cessation, but did not favor non - pharmacological approach, however, at the end of this trial were even more motivated to quit with nicotine replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Previous research shows that medical advice to quit smoking produces 1 year abstinence rates of 5 - 10 percent. In combination with self-help material, family support and education our data shows that individual counseling from every level of healthcare provider increases success rates in geriatric residents of long term care facility. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) long term care smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence consultation counseling education follow up general practitioner health care personnel human nicotine replacement therapy nurse patient prospective study self help smoking tobacco tobacco dependence videorecording LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1701974 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 162 TITLE Physician attitudes and perceived barriers to prescribing nasal naloxone rescue kits in the emergency department AUTHOR NAMES Dwyer K.H. Samuels L. Moore R.L. Langlois B.K. Mitchell P.M. Grimsman J. Bernstein E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dwyer K.H.; Samuels L.; Moore R.L.; Langlois B.K.; Mitchell P.M.; Grimsman J.; Bernstein E.) Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.H. Dwyer, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2013) 62:4 SUPPL. 1 (S43). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP Research Forum 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-14 to 2013-10-15 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Study Objectives: Currently, nasal naloxone rescue kits (NNRK) are distributed through detoxification centers and needle exchange programs to opioid users and those likely to witness an overdose in the community. Given the high rate of drug-related emergency department (ED) visits, the ED is an underutilized arena for preventing deaths due to overdose. The study objectives were to assess ED provider attitudes towards NNRK prescriptions and distribution, and to examine barriers and willingness to prescribe NNRKs in the ED. Methods: This was an IRB-approved, anonymous, Web-based survey of ED providers (attendings, residents and nurse practitioners) at an academic, urban, Level I trauma center from 12/2012-03/2013. Providers were e-mailed a link to an electronic consent and a Web-based survey. There were three follow-up email reminders sent to non-responders. Provider demographics were collected. We used Likert scales to assess attitudes towards working with patients with opioid abuse, and barriers and willingness to prescribe NNRKs. Willingness to prescribe responses were further dichotomized into “not prescribe” and “prescribe.” Barrier categories were as follows: not a barrier, somewhat of a barrier, significant barrier. Results: A total of 69/81(85%) completed the survey. Respondents were: 52% male, 83% white, 50% attending physicians, 63% had worked in the ED for <5 years, 12% for 5-10 years and 25% for > 10 years. When assessing attitudes, 14/69 (20%) felt that there was little they could do to help drug users, and 15/69 (22%) had less respect for drug users compared to other patients they cared for. The factors most commonly influencing providers' willingness to prescribe were: 67/69 (97%) if prescribing NNRK was common in their ED and 65/69 (94%) if there was strong evidence of mortality benefit. While only 17/69 (25%) of physicians cited “lack of time in the clinical encounter” as a barrier to prescribing NNRKs, 43/69 (62%) endorsed lack of training as a barrier and 36/69 (52%) cited lack of knowledge as a barrier to prescribing NNRKs from the ED. Conclusions: The ED is an important venue for harm reduction initiatives, including overdose education and NNRK distribution. Physicians would be willing to prescribe take-home NNRK to opioid users in the ED if leaders at their institution supported this effort or if there were strong data indicating a mortality benefit. The largest barriers to adoption seem to be education and training on NNRK. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) naloxone EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college emergency physician emergency ward human physician attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse community death detoxification drug use e-mail education emergency health service follow up harm reduction intoxication Likert scale male mortality nurse practitioner patient physician prescription preventive health service witness LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.400 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 163 TITLE Comparison of the top-10 most problematic pediatric medications ranked by pediatric pharmacists and pediatric prescribers AUTHOR NAMES Son H.J. Laurich A.A. Patterson K.D. Earley A.E. Shipp M.M. Walls K.B. Smith F.L. Yates K.M. Kissack J.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Son H.J.; Laurich A.A.; Patterson K.D.; Earley A.E.; Shipp M.M.; Walls K.B.; Smith F.L.; Yates K.M.; Kissack J.C.) Harding University, College of Pharmacy, Searcy, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.J. Son, Harding University, College of Pharmacy, Searcy, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e282). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Albuquerque, NM, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This survey measured the consensus opinion of pediatric pharmacists compared to pediatric prescribers (pediatricians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners) on ranking medication categories from least to most problematic regarding patient safety, and the top-10 most problematic pediatric medications. METHODS: Participants ranked the top-10 from a list of 50 medications for three areas: problems in dosing, adverse effects and medication errors. Medications from each area were summed and ranked from 1 to 50 to identify the top-10 list. The 11 medication categories and 50 medications were drawn from expert consensus, the Institute for Safe Medication Practice high-alert medication list, and medication alerts/reviews of pediatric literature. RESULTS: The survey was completed by 232 pharmacists and 56 prescribers. Primary practice sites of participants were mainly children's hospitals (64%) and pediatric units (20%) in 38 states plus the District of Columbia and 3 Canadian provinces. Regarding overall pediatric patient safety, pharmacists ranked anticoagulants as most problematic, and opioids and electrolytes ranked equally as moderately problematic. The most problematic medications, according to pharmacists, from first to tenth were: 1-insulin, 2- vancomycin, 3-warfarin, 4-heparin, 5-methadone, 6-digoxin, 7- morphine, 8-gentamicin, 9- potassium phosphate and 10-(tied) amphotericin B & fentanyl. In comparison, prescribers ranked opioids as most problematic and sedatives as moderately problematic. The most problematic medications, according to prescribers, from first to tenth were: 1-insulin, 2-heparin, 3-morphine, 4-digoxin, 5- warfarin, 6-fentanyl, 7-vancomycin, 8-amphotericin B, 9-potassium chloride, and 10-amiodarone. Both pharmacists and prescribers ranked gastrointestinal medications as least problematic. CONCLUSION: When overall results were compared, pharmacists and prescribers ranked problematic medications very similarly. Although there was slight disparity in the ranking order, both top-10 lists contained 80% of the same medications. Survey participants identified six medications identical to the top-10 high-alert medications surveyed in a pediatric ICU by Franke et al. in 2009. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amiodarone amphotericin B anticoagulant agent digoxin electrolyte fentanyl gentamicin heparin insulin methadone morphine potassium chloride potassium dihydrogen phosphate sedative agent vancomycin warfarin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American clinical pharmacy college drug therapy human pharmacist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction Canadian consensus medication error nurse practitioner patient safety pediatric hospital pediatric ward pediatrician physician assistant United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 164 TITLE EMF the effect of CYP2D6 drug-drug interactions on hydrocodone efficacy AUTHOR NAMES Monte A.A. Heard K.J. Campbell J. Weinshilboum R.M. Vasiliou V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Monte A.A.; Heard K.J.; Campbell J.; Weinshilboum R.M.; Vasiliou V.) University of Colorado, Aurora, CO; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.A. Monte, SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2013) 62:4 SUPPL. 1 (S158-S159). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP Research Forum 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-14 to 2013-10-15 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Background/Introduction: The efficacy of many commonly used drugs may be altered by variation in metabolism. Hydrocodone, the most prescribed drug in the United States, is largely dependent upon metabolic activation by the hepatic cytochrome 2D6 (CYP2D6) for analgesic efficacy. Conversely, ondansetron is inactivated by CYP2D6; so decreased metabolism by this pathway should increase ondansetron's antiemetic effects. Oxycodone is not primarily dependent upon CYP2D6 and therefore, efficacy should not be different between 2D6 users and nonusers. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of CYP2D6 drug-drug interactions on CYP2D6 dependent drug efficacy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in an academic US emergency department. Subjects were included if they had self-reported pain or nausea identified by the initial nursing assessment. Patients were excluded if they were unable to speak English, <18 y.o, or previously diagnosed with chronic pain or cyclic vomiting. In patients with dementia or critical illness, the history was obtained from the health care proxy. Detailed drug ingestion histories for the preceding 48 hours prior to ED visit were obtained. All treatment decisions and drug orders were made by the patient's attending physician or by symptom-based triage protocols. Patients' pain and nausea were quantified using a 100-millimeter visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline prior to drug administration. VAS was obtained after doses of hydrocodone 5mg, oxycodone 5 mg, or ondansetron 4mg. Repeat VAS was obtained between 30 and 90 minutes following hydrocodone, oxycodone and/or ondansetron administration in the ED. All patient-reported drugs were categorized as a CYP2D6 substrate, inhibitor, inducer, or not CYP2D6 using the University of Indiana CYP450 Interaction Table. Wilcoxon rank sum was used to determine if the VAS change was different between CYP2D6 users and non-users. Results: A total of 76.6% (502/655) of approached patients consented to enrollment. The demographics of the sample were similar between groups. One hundred forty-six (29.1%) had nausea and/or vomiting and 468 (93.2%) had pain. The median number of prescription drugs, herbals, vitamins, supplements, or illicit drugs taken by patients in the 48 hours prior to ED presentation was 3 (range 0-33, IQR 1, 6). There was a significant reduction in hydrocodone efficacy when patients had used of one or more CYP2D6 dependent drugs in the 48 hours prior to ED presentation. Conversely, the efficacy of ondansetron was increased when patients had used one ormoreCYP2D6dependent drugs. There was no change in oxycodone efficacy when controlled forCYP2D6 drug use (Table). Conclusions: CYP2D6 drug-drug interactions change efficacy of commonly prescribed drugs in the ED. Drug interaction should be considered prior to prescribing CYP2D6 drugs. (Table Presented). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hydrocodone EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent cytochrome illicit drug ondansetron oxycodone prescription drug vitamin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug interaction emergency physician human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS antiemetic activity chronic pain critical illness custodial care dementia drug administration drug efficacy drug use emergency health service emergency ward health care ingestion metabolic activation metabolism nausea nursing assessment observational study pain patient physician United States university visual analog scale vomiting LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.266 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 165 TITLE Potentially inappropriate prescribing and drug-drug interactions among elderly Chinese nursing home residents in Macao AUTHOR NAMES Lao C.K. Ho S.C. Chan K.K. Tou C.F. Tong H.H.Y. Chan A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lao C.K., cklao@ipm.edu.mo; Ho S.C.; Chan K.K.; Tou C.F.; Tong H.H.Y.) School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Rua de Luís Gonzaga Gomes, Macao. (Chan A.) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.K. Lao, School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Rua de Luís Gonzaga Gomes, Macao. Email: cklao@ipm.edu.mo SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 (805-812). Date of Publication: October 2013 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Background The ageing of the population has become a concern all over the world, including Macao. In general, older people are more prone to adverse drug events which can result from potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Objective This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of PIM use and DDIs among elderly nursing home residents in Macao, and to find out the factors associated with these drug-related problems. Setting This study was conducted in the largest nursing home in Macao, with a bed capacity of 168. Method All data of this cross-sectional study were collected from medical charts and medication administration records. PIM use was determined by the screening tool of older person's prescription (STOPP) criteria and potential DDIs were detected using the preset criteria of two compendia, Drug-Reax and Lexi-Interact. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent factors associated with each drug-related problem. Main outcome measures The proportions of elderly nursing home residents who regularly used PIMs and who were exposed to DDIs. Results A total of 114 elderly residents were eligible for PIM analysis. They consumed an average of 6.9 ± 3.1 different medications. About 46.5 % of them regularly used one or more PIMs. The prevalence of DDIs was 37.8 % among the 111 elderly residents who consumed at least two different medications. An increased number of drugs used was identified as the independent factor associated with PIM use and DDIs (p < 0.05). However, the use of STOPP-related PIMs did not appear to raise the likelihood of DDIs among the study population. Conclusion Both PIM use and DDIs are common among elderly nursing home residents in Macao. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the clinical outcomes of pharmacist-led interventions for elderly residents in the local nursing home setting. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug combination) allopurinol (drug combination, drug interaction) amlodipine (drug combination, drug interaction) antihistaminic agent benzodiazepine derivative captopril (drug combination, drug interaction) celecoxib (drug combination, drug interaction) cilostazol (drug combination, drug interaction) clopidogrel (drug combination, drug interaction) digoxin (drug combination, drug interaction) diltiazem (drug combination, drug interaction) dipyridamole enalapril (drug combination) esomeprazole (drug combination, drug interaction) furosemide (drug combination, drug interaction) levodopa (drug combination, drug interaction) neuroleptic agent nifedipine (drug combination, drug interaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent phenytoin (drug combination, drug interaction) proton pump inhibitor (drug therapy) psychotropic agent simvastatin (drug combination, drug interaction) theophylline (drug combination, drug interaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug interaction inappropriate prescribing nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article cerebrovascular accident cross-sectional study diabetes mellitus esophagitis (drug therapy) falling female gastroesophageal reflux (drug therapy) heart failure human hypertension Macao major clinical study male monotherapy peptic ulcer (drug therapy) prevalence priority journal CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) allopurinol (315-30-0) amlodipine (103129-82-4, 736178-83-9, 88150-42-9) captopril (62571-86-2) celecoxib (169590-42-5) cilostazol (73963-72-1) clopidogrel (113665-84-2, 120202-66-6, 90055-48-4, 94188-84-8) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) diltiazem (33286-22-5, 42399-41-7) dipyridamole (58-32-2) enalapril (75847-73-3) esomeprazole (119141-88-7, 161796-84-5, 202742-32-3, 217087-09-7, 217087-10-0) furosemide (54-31-9) levodopa (59-92-7) nifedipine (21829-25-4) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) simvastatin (79902-63-9) theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013668443 MEDLINE PMID 23812679 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812679) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9811-y COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 166 TITLE Risk factors associated with drug-related problems in hospitalised children: Results from two countries AUTHOR NAMES Rashed A. Neubert A. Alhamdan H. Tomlin S. Alazmi A. Jackman J. Attar A. AlShaikh A. Wilton L. Wong I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rashed A.; Wilton L.) School of Pharmacy, UCL, London, United Kingdom. (Neubert A.) Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. (Alhamdan H.; Alazmi A.; Attar A.; AlShaikh A.) Kind Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Jeddah, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. (Tomlin S.; Jackman J.) Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Wong I.) Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Rashed, School of Pharmacy, UCL, London, United Kingdom. SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 SUPPL. 2 (886-887). Date of Publication: October 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 41st ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Personalised and Safe Therapy CONFERENCE LOCATION Barcelona, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-29 to 2012-10-31 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands ABSTRACT Background: Drug-related problems (DRP) are “an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with the desired health outcome”. Understanding the risk factors of DRPs is important in order to allow for better prioritisation of improvement strategies. Objective: The aim was to identify risk factors for DRPs in hospitalised children. Methods: A prospective cohort study in children aged 0-18 years, admitted to the medical ward, paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during a 3-month period in two hospitals. Patients' charts, medical records and laboratory data were reviewed daily to identify DRPs. Logistic regression was used to analyse the potential risk factors associated with DRP incidence. Results: 737 children were included in this study from the two countries (KSA n = 364, UK n = 373). Their ages ranged from 0 to 18 years (median 2.3 years, Interquartile range 6 months-8 years). A total of 478 DRPs were observed in 45.2 % (333/737) of patients. Dosing problems were the most frequently reported DRPs (n = 258, 54 %). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that number of prescriptions per patient (≥5prescriptions) and the type of admission (transferred from another hospital or ward) were the strong potential risk factors for DRP occurrence in children. Conclusions: Polypharmacy and transferred admission (another hospital or ward) increase the risk of DRPs occurrence. Thus, to minimise risk of DRPs in hospitalised children, paediatric pharmacology and pharmacotherapy are important within medical and nursing education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy hospitalized child human risk factor therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child cohort analysis drug therapy health hospital intensive care unit laboratory logistic regression analysis medical record newborn intensive care nursing education patient pharmacology polypharmacy prescription risk United Kingdom ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9801-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 167 TITLE Implementing an evidence-based detoxification protocol for alcoholism in a residential addictions treatment facility AUTHOR NAMES Rundio A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rundio A., aar27@drexel.edu) College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, 1505 Race Street, Room #429, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States. (Rundio A., aar27@drexel.edu) International Nurses Society on Addictions, PO Box 14846, Lenexa, KS 66285-4846, United States. (Rundio A., aar27@drexel.edu) Lighthouse at Mays Landing, 5034 Atlantic Avenue, Mays Landing, NJ 08330, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Rundio, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, 1505 Race Street, Room #429, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States. Email: aar27@drexel.edu SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2013) 48:3 (391-400). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Chemical dependency, commonly known as substance abuse and use disorders, continues to plague residents of the United States. Because treatment has expanded beyond the walls of the acute care hospital, advanced practice nurses play a pivotal role in caring for clients addicted to various substances. This article describes how an advanced practice nurse in collaboration with the medical director and a director of nursing at a residential treatment center in southern New Jersey oversaw the development of an evidence-based detoxification treatment protocol for alcohol dependency, emphasizing the critical role of nurses in assuring that clinical practice is rooted in current evidence. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) drug dependence treatment nurse attitude nurse practitioner nursing assessment residential home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS advanced practice nurse Chemical dependency clinical protocol detoxification Detoxification protocol human Illicit drugs Nurse executive nursing organization and management recurrent disease (prevention) review substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23998766 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23998766) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2013.04.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 168 TITLE Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment: A need for educational reform in nursing AUTHOR NAMES Murphy-Parker D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy-Parker D., dam355@drexel.edu) College of Nursing and Health Professions, Bellet Building, Room #422, 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Murphy-Parker, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Bellet Building, Room #422, 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States. Email: dam355@drexel.edu SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2013) 48:3 (485-489). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT With the prevalence of addiction-related health consequences, all nurses must maintain a basic level of knowledge and skills regarding addictions. Nurses are ideally positioned to screen, assess, refer; and, at the advanced practice level, treat clients for addiction disorders, provided the knowledge and willingness exists to intervene. A vision for nursing education is to achieve minimal competencies for all generalist nurses, facilitated by incorporation of substance-related disorder concepts into nursing education. An urgent need exists to disseminate the most recent knowledge and skills in nursing school curricula throughout the United States and internationally. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) advanced practice nursing attitude to health clinical competence nurse attitude nursing education rehabilitation nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Addictions brief intervention education human methodology nurse patient relationship Nursing curricula nursing evaluation research patient referral review SBIRT screening LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23998774 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23998774) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2013.07.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 169 TITLE Health promotion and prevention strategies AUTHOR NAMES Bradbury-Golas K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bradbury-Golas K., bradburygolas@comcast.net) Felician College, 262 South Main Street, Lodi, NJ 07644, United States. (Bradbury-Golas K., bradburygolas@comcast.net) 1423 Tilton Road, Northfield, NJ 08225, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Bradbury-Golas, 14 Avalon Woods Court, Swainton, NJ 08210-1450, United States. Email: bradburygolas@comcast.net SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2013) 48:3 (469-483). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Opiate dependency is a medical disorder that requires treatment intervention. Primary health care not only entails treatment of illness but also involves disease prevention and health promotion. Based on Pender's revised Health Promotion Model, a descriptive study comparing the health promoting behaviors/practices in abusing and recovering opiate-dependent drug users is analyzed. Using the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, a comparative descriptive, exploratory, nonexperimental design study was conducted to identify key health-promoting behaviors in recovering opiate-dependent drug users. Prevention strategy recommendations are discussed, along with future research recommendations. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use health promotion lifestyle opiate addiction (rehabilitation) patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human methodology nursing assessment nursing evaluation research outcome assessment psychological aspect recovery Relapse prevention review risk reduction severity of illness index substance abuse (rehabilitation) withdrawal syndrome (rehabilitation) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23998773 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23998773) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2013.04.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 170 TITLE Patients' descriptions of living with COPD AUTHOR NAMES Efraimsson E.Ö. Eriksson C.H. Ha˚kansson A. Andersson K. Bengtsson H. Lindström S. Jensen M. Falk L. Fehrm C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Efraimsson E.Ö., eoe@du.se; Eriksson C.H., c.holding@hotmail.com; Ha˚kansson A., h04annsu@du.se; Andersson K., h11katan@du.se; Bengtsson H., h10hilbe@du.se; Lindström S., h11salib@du.se; Jensen M., marje19@hotmail.com; Falk L., h11linfa@du.se; Fehrm C., h05cecfe@du.se) Dalarna University, School of Health and Social Studies, Falun, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.Ö. Efraimsson, Dalarna University, School of Health and Social Studies, Falun, Sweden. Email: eoe@du.se SOURCE European Respiratory Journal (2013) 42 SUPPL. 57. Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2013 CONFERENCE NAME European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Barcelona, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2013-09-07 to 2013-09-11 ISSN 0903-1936 BOOK PUBLISHER European Respiratory Society ABSTRACT Aim: To explore which problems patients with COPD in all four stages express and describe during visits at nurse-led COPD clinics in primary health care. Method: A prospective qualitative observational study comprising two videotaped consultations, first and third re-visit, with each of 20 patients (13 women), all smokers (n=11) or former smokers diagnosed with COPD. The consultations were conducted by six COPD-nurses in primary health care and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Results: Smokers wished to quit or reduce their smoking but expressed motivational difficulties in fighting cravings. Concerns about the visits were mainly about the spirometry-examination which they found exhausting and difficult to perform. Also, they were worried about the results. Other concerns included the prospect of increasing symptoms and fears about future health. Symptoms described in all stages were cough, phlegm and dyspnoea connected even with light physical exertion. In stage III and IV, dyspnoea was the most severe symptom affecting daily activities. Patients expressed concern about symptoms that could be dangerous or fatal. Previously independent activities necessitated planning and help from others. They wished to learn about self -management and used various strategies to handle their disease even when offered support and assistance. Patients told that information about COPD, how to handle symptoms and treatment in daily life increased their security and control. Conclusion: Patients were concerned about their smoking habits and subsequent symptoms being dangerous or fatal. Dyspnoea was troublesome and limited everyday life already in early stages of COPD, thus not always correlated to the severity stage of the disease. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education European human nursing care patient primary medical care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS consultation content analysis coughing dyspnea examination exercise fear female health hospital infectious disease ELISA kit nurse observational study planning primary health care self care smoking smoking habit spirometry withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 171 TITLE Multidisciplinary intervention decreases the use of opioid medication discharge packs from 2 urban EDs AUTHOR NAMES Gugelmann H. Shofer F.S. Meisel Z.F. Perrone J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gugelmann H., hallamg@gmail.com; Shofer F.S.; Meisel Z.F.; Perrone J.) Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Ground Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Gugelmann, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Ground Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States. Email: hallamg@gmail.com SOURCE American Journal of Emergency Medicine (2013) 31:9 (1343-1348). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 0735-6757 1532-8171 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Prescription opioid overdoses and deaths constitute a public health epidemic, and recent studies show that emergency department (ED) prescribers may contribute to this crisis. We hypothesized that a multidisciplinary educational intervention would decrease ED opioid packs dispensed at discharge. Methods: This prospective study implemented a "bundle" of interdisciplinary educational modalities: lectures, journal clubs, case discussions, and an electronic medical record decision support tool. Implementation occurred in 2 urban EDs in the same health system at different times ("affiliate," September 2011; "primary," January 2012) to better distinguish its effects. The primary outcome was preintervention/postintervention change in opioid discharge packs dispensed to all patients treated and discharged through August 2012 and was assessed by 2-way analysis of variance. The secondary outcome was bivariate analysis (using Fisher exact test) of change in opioid dispensing among patients with known risk factors for prescription opioid dependence: age less than 65 years, history of substance abuse, chronic pain, or psychiatric disorders. Results: A total of 71,512 and 45,746 patients were evaluated and discharged from primary and affiliate EDs, respectively. Orders for opioid discharge packs decreased from 13.9% to 8.4% and 4.7% to 1.9% at the primary and affiliate hospitals (P <.0001). Dispensing among individuals at risk for opioid dependence at the primary ED decreased from 21.8% to 13.9%. Conclusions: A staged, multidisciplinary intervention targeting nurses, residents, nurse practitioners, and attending physicians was associated with decreased orders for opioid discharge packs in 2 urban EDs. Opioid discharge pack orders decreased slightly more among patients with risk factors for prescription opioid dependence. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS oxycodone plus paracetamol psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education medical information system prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article bivariate analysis chronic pain clinical practice decision support system drug misuse electronic medical record emergency health service emergency ward female hospital discharge human major clinical study male opiate addiction (etiology) practice guideline priority journal risk factor urban area EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013570364 MEDLINE PMID 23906621 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23906621) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.06.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 172 TITLE Alcohol abuse: take action against the no. 1 drug problem in this country. AUTHOR NAMES Taylor B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Taylor B.) Doctors Care of Aiken, Aiken, SC, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Taylor, Doctors Care of Aiken, Aiken, SC, USA. SOURCE Advance for NPs & PAs (2013) 4:9 (31-32, 34, 37). Date of Publication: Sep 2013 ISSN 2325-6699 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) nurse practitioner patient education physician assistant EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24079084 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24079084) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 173 TITLE Assessment of anxiety in long-term care: Examination of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) and its short form AUTHOR NAMES Gerolimatos L.A. Gregg J.J. Edelstein B.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gerolimatos L.A., lgerolim@mix.wvu.edu; Gregg J.J.; Edelstein B.A.) Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, 53 Campus Drive, PO Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.A. Gerolimatos, Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, 53 Campus Drive, PO Box 6040, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States. Email: lgerolim@mix.wvu.edu SOURCE International Psychogeriatrics (2013) 25:9 (1533-1542). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 1041-6102 1741-203X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Cambridge University Press, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Background: Accurate assessment of anxiety in later life is critical, as anxiety among older adults is associated with social and functional impairment and poorer quality of life. The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) and the GAI-Short Form (GAI-SF) were designed to detect anxiety symptoms among community-dwelling older adults, but the usefulness of the GAI and GAI-SF in long-term care is unknown. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the GAI and GAI-SF among residents at a long-term care facility. Methods: Seventy-five nursing home residents completed the GAI and measures of depression, executive functioning, and adaptive functioning. The mean age of residents was 69.60 years (SD = 10.76). Psychiatric diagnoses included dementia, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, sleep disorders, and mental retardation. Results: Internal consistency of the GAI was good (α = 0.92) and the GAI-SF was adequate (α = 0.73). GAI and GAI-SF scores were moderately correlated with depression scores, and weakly correlated with adaptive functioning scores and executive functioning scores, suggesting discriminant validity. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with GAI and GAI-SF scores predicting an anxiety disorders diagnosis. Results provided support for the predictive validity of the GAI and GAI-SF. Sensitivity, specificity, and the percentage of individuals correctly classified at various cut-off scores were also calculated. Conclusions: Both the GAI and GAI-SF appear to be useful tools for assessing anxiety among nursing home residents with psychological disorders. The GAI-SF may be a viable replacement for the GAI as a screener for anxiety in long-term care. © International Psychogeriatric Association 2013. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anxiety disorder Geriatric Anxiety Inventory Geriatric Anxiety Inventory short form geriatric disorder psychometry EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult aged article dementia depression executive function female Geriatric Depression Scale human long term care major clinical study male mental deficiency mood disorder nursing home patient predictive validity psychosis sensitivity and specificity sleep disorder substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013487636 MEDLINE PMID 23782768 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23782768) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1041610213000847 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 174 TITLE Alcohol use among older people AUTHOR NAMES While A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (While A.) King's College London, Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, QNI, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. While, King's College London, Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery, QNI, United Kingdom. SOURCE British Journal of Community Nursing (2013) 18:9 (468). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 1462-4753 BOOK PUBLISHER MA Healthcare Ltd, Dulwich Road, London, United Kingdom. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) geriatric assessment health promotion mass screening EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged community health nursing human methodology note United Kingdom very elderly LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24005493 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24005493) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 175 TITLE Education and promotion of adolescents mental health AUTHOR NAMES Loureiro L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Loureiro L.M.) Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Loureiro, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. SOURCE European Psychiatry (2013) 28 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 21st European Congress of Psychiatry, EPA 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Nice, France CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-06 to 2013-04-09 ISSN 0924-9338 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT Mental health literacy allows individuals to recognize, prevent and manage their health appropriately, being not only knowledge, but a knowledge facing action for the benefit of himself and others. Aim: To assess the mental health literacy of adolescents and young people in relation to depression, schizophrenia and alcohol abuse in the areas of recognition, intention of professional help-seeking and obstacles/barriers. Methods: It was used a random cluster sample of 4938 adolescents and young, having been used QuALiSMental (Loureiro et al., 2012) during the year 2012. The average age is 16.75 years (SD = 1.62), being respectively 43.3% males and 56.7% females. Results: The recognition of disorders is reduced (27.23% in depression, 26.16% in schizophrenia and 45.27% in alcohol abuse). There is intention of professional and specialized help-seeking, with focus on psychiatrists, nurses and psychologists.As the biggest barriers to help-seeking fear and personal shame, non-recovery of symptoms and breach of confidentiality are referred. Conclusions: The low mental health literacy is an indicator of the need for developing programs to promote health and prevent mental illness. Despite being valued the intention of help-seeking, fear of stigma and discrimination associated with these diseases is high. Nurses, psychologists and psychiatrists can play a relevant role in this regarding the role they occupy in the context of school health. Increase mental health literacy could reduce the delay between the first signs and symptoms and the professional help. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent education human mental health psychiatry EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse cluster analysis confidentiality diseases fear female health health literacy male mental disease nurse physical disease by body function psychiatrist psychologist schizophrenia school health service shame LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 176 TITLE The effects of teaching brief intervention on attitudes of healthcare workers towards patients with alcohol problems in a general hospital setting AUTHOR NAMES Lui Y.S. Salikin Y.C. Winslow R.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lui Y.S.; Salikin Y.C.) Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. (Winslow R.M.) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.S. Lui, Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. SOURCE European Psychiatry (2013) 28 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 21st European Congress of Psychiatry, EPA 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Nice, France CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-06 to 2013-04-09 ISSN 0924-9338 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT The study investigates how teaching healthcare workers brief-intervention changes their attitudes. Evidence shows that negative therapeutic attitudes hinder implementation of best practice. The attitudes are measured by AAPPQ, ABS and SPATR in this randomised controlled trial. The sample was randomised into 2 arms (control and intervention) and followed up after 9 months. The intervention group consisted 2 interventions namely teaching ASSIST and distributing alcohol brochures for self-learning. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were analysed using the Student's T-test with a change of 20% taken to be statistically significant at p-value of < 0.05. The pre- and post-intervention sample comprised mainly Chinese female staff-nurses who worked less than 5 years and had no training in brief-interventions. Before intervention, the sample was neutral in their attitudes and adopted a disease model of belief towards alcohol problems. Following intervention, the sample showed positive changes in their therapeutic attitudes with the ASSIST sub-group achieving a statistically significant positive shift in both the score of Role-Adequacy and Role- Legitimacy. The sample also adopted a free-will model of belief after intervention. The ASSIST sub-group reported the greatest shift of 76.3% (p< 0.05). The ASSIST intervention sub-group became more aware about the availability of counseling materials and training programs for early-interventions. Teaching brief-interventions made positive changes to the therapeutic attitudes of healthcare workers with more robust effects from teaching ASSIST. A shift in the model of belief may indicate stigma and denial of the presence of alcohol problem and this may warrant continuous research and work in this area. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) general hospital health care personnel human patient psychiatry teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arm counseling disease model early intervention female learning model randomized controlled trial staff nurse statistical significance Student t test training LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 177 TITLE Singapore Health and Biomedical Congress, SHBC 2013 AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore (2013) 42 Supplement 9 (S1) CONFERENCE NAME Singapore Health and Biomedical Congress, SHBC 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Max Atria @Singapore Expo, Singapore CONFERENCE DATE 2013-09-27 to 2013-09-28 ISSN 0304-4602 ABSTRACT The proceedings contain 327 papers. The special focus in this conference is on Health and Biomedicine. The topics include: Reducing the rate of postoperative endophthalmitis over 11 years-results of a new intervention using intracameral antibiotics; corpus callosum morphology in first episode and chronic schizophrenia; differences in late cardiovascular mortality following acute myocardial infarction among three major Asian ethnicities; exploring relationship of retinal thickness on optical coherence tomography and visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema; medication reconciliation in outpatient hospital clinics; utilising discharge planning tools in an inpatient psychiatric rehabilitation services to promote positive clinical outcomes; seven-point subjective global assessment is more time sensitive than conventional subjective global assessment in detecting nutritional changes; Singapore hospice nurses perspectives about spirituality and spiritual care; enhanced infarct stabilisation and cardiac repair with an injectable PEGylated-fibrinogen hydrogel carrying vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); identification of tumour suppressive MicroRNAs in multiple myeloma by pharmacologic unmasking; use of a novel stereographic projection software to calculate precise area of peripheral non-perfusion and its correlation with manual grading; a protocol to reduce inter-reviewer variability in computed tomography measurement of orbital floor fractures; impact of genome wide supported psychosis susceptibility NRGN gene on thalamocortical morphology in schizophrenia; improved outcome of myeloma patients in a tertiary hospital; femoral neck fractures-factors affecting ambulatory status in elderly patients more than 65 years old who underwent hip hemiarthroplsty; exploratory factor analysis of the Zarit burden interview in a multi-ethnic Asian community sample; prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among Singapore elderly residential population; predictive factors of unscheduled 15-day hospital readmissions; lost in transition-newly qualified registered nurses and their transition to practice journey; national healthcare group clinical educators reflection on web2.0’s application in enhancing teaching and lifelong learning in medical education; determinants of clarification studies in medical education research; hypoglycemia management of patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care setting; photograph-assisted dietary review amongst type 2 diabetics in primary care; exploring the feasibility of advanced care planning in persons with early cognitive impairment; roles of miR-186 in circulating tumour cells (CTCs)-mediated metastasis in breast cancer; characterisation of the biological and clinical relevance of RUNX genes in natural killer T-cell lymphoma; a randomised controlled trial comparing single-injection and continuous femoral nerve blocks with patient-controlled analgesia; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in lower limbs in transition to frailty; prevalence of dilutional hyponatraemia in inpatients and outpatients in Singapore; a prospective randomised study on the patency period of the plastic anti-reflux biliary stent; an academic-practice collaboration through simulation learning; a multicentre study of physiotherapists’ knowledge and perceptions in palliative care; post discharge pain experiences following total knee arthroplasty; characteristics of subjective QOL of elderly people with dementia in china and Japan; audit of readmissions to a palliative care unit in a tertiary hospital; factors affecting psychological distress in informal caregivers of Singapore elderly; prevalence of anaemia in patients on aspirin medication in a primary care setting; patient satisfaction with pharmacist-managed hypertension-diabetes-lipids clinic and its relation to medication adherence and beliefs about medication; anthropometric measures and cognition in the Singapore elderly; clinical decision support for high-priority drug-drug interactions; a normative study on the national university health system aphasia screening test; a pilot study on the integration of a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based computer game in the clinical treatment of childhood anxiety; barriers of whole-grain intake among healthcare workers in national healthcare group polyclinics; a novel approach to lead screening; effects of computed tomography contrast on bone scans; prevalence and predictors of employment among the Singaporean elderly; evaluating the impact of inpatient accelerated palliative radiation therapy programme in reducing inpatient hospitalisation; socio-demographic correlates of positive mental health; unravelling the relationship between obesity, schizophrenia and cognition; relationship between measures of mental health and functional impairment in primary care; body mass index of elderly persons in Singapore; improving the influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rate of eligible patients with chronic heart failure; reducing near misses from packing errors in inpatient pharmacy; pharmacy-led smoking cessation clinic in dermatology; investigation of high platelet count in random platelet unit and its viability; public attitudes towards mentally-ill persons in Singapore; revisiting the association between parental bonding and risk for psychopathology; pharmacist reviews and outcomes in nursing homes in Singapore; evaluation of the inpatient smoking cessation programme in tan Tock Seng hospital; community forums are effective in improving osteoporosis knowledge; profile of patients referred for podiatry services in primary care; novel use of tigecycline for multiple myeloma in vitro-alternative non-mitochondrial pathways; linking human leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene mutation to cancer development; haploinsufficiency of TP53 in multiple myeloma; bioactive and conductive collagen scaffold for wound healing augmented by electrical stimulation; systematic discovery of novel cilia and ciliopathy genes through functional genomics in the zebrafish; extracellular matrix-based biohybrid skin substitutes; enzyme sensor system for determination of total cholesterol in human serum; intestinal microbial study of gout patients; differences in gut microbiome between schizophrenic patients and healthy individuals; changes in gait associated with sarcopenia; noncultured cellular grafting for vitiligo-a three-year follow-up study; bariatric surgery and its impact on sleep; clinico-epidemiological profile of moderate to severe paediatric atopic dermatitis; influenza vaccination of healthcare workers; a snapshot of audits in the phototherapy unit; a naturalistic longitudinal study in healthy children; retrospective study on autoimmune blistering disease in paediatric patients; association between CHA65S2 score and obstructive sleep apnoea; primary localised cutaneous amyloidosis; high STOP-BANG scores herald adverse perioperative outcomes; neurobehavioral outcomes after traumatic brain injury; extended outcomes by dialysis modality selection in incident patients with end-stage renal disease and ischaemic cardiomyopathy; laparoscopic gastrectomies in gastric cancer patients; survey on factors influencing medication adherence in psychiatric patients; serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and metabolic indices in patients with schizophrenia; outcomes of non-Tbitrauma patients in a surgical intensive care unit; evaluation of patients screened for MERS-CoV infection at tan Tock Seng hospital, Singapore; thinking twice before using the LMA for obese and older patients-a prospective observational study; comparison study between two apheresis machines; diabetes knowledge in older adults with type 2 diabetes in Singapore; establishing an intensive care unit database; necrotising fasciitis of the head and neck; diabetic chronic kidney disease patients should increase protein intake; the skin-endocrine axis in the management of dermatology patients; dematiaceous mycoses of the skin in Singapore from 2003 to 2010; profile of hearing aids users in Singapore; factors that affect the degree of hearing loss at presentation and hearing aid usage; cross diagnostic comparisons of quality of life between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients; value of hearing questionnaire in predicting hearing impairment; utility of self-perception of hearing loss questions in predicting hearing impairment; burnout, challenges and supportive factors in hospital doctors; exploring stereotypes in healthcare professions; health sciences virtual hospital game as a learning tool in nursing education; application of the RIME framework for education administrators’ competencies; bed exit alarm as a novel tool for fall prevention; when prolonged preoperative fasting is a myth; time-motion study for nursing aides activities in a psychiatric hospital; impact of an advanced practice nurse-led heart failure clinic in a secondary hospital in Singapore; managing individuals with diabetes using the diabetes ambulatory stabilisation services (DASS); streamlining process flow for maintenance of 12-lead ECG machine in a cardiology ward; factors of rehabilitation outcomes in primary care physiotherapy; dietary intake of wholegrains of healthcare workers in national healthcare group polyclinics; management of patients with diabetes in two primary care podiatry clinics; preliminary evaluation of shoulder conditions in primary care physiotherapy; prevalence of alcohol problems among elderly in Singapore; prevalence and predictors of tobacco use in elderly Singaporeans; mortality predictors for operative hip fracture patients; a risk index to predict 30 days emergency hospital readmission; compliance of preoperative chest X-rays in anaesthesia clinic; predictors of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease; continuity of care issues in the Singapore health system; factors influencing patients adherence to follow-up post bariatric surgery; a snapshot of audits in the phototherapy unit; health screening perceptions in Singapore-a grounded theory study; interactive dashboard for monitoring operating theatre operational efficiency; reducing violence through the use of structured therapies; early home visits by care coordinators help to reduce hospital readmission rate; evaluation of a workplace nutrition programme at a hospital; a review of the use of electroencephalography in autism spectrum disorder in the past decade; an alternate plastic packaging to reduce threat of e coli contamination; spatial epidemiology of tuberculosis in Singapore; development of a polarised cellular model for Chikungunya virus infection; summer-winter differences in total vitamin D concentrations in Singapore; effect of femoral nerve block on ambulation following total knee arthroplasty; development of a computer-based objective grading system for facial paralysis; a preliminary finding of EEG differences of children with disruptive behaviour disorders in Singapore; sex hormone concentrations in Singaporean men; deciding where to allocate diabetic educational resources; pseudoexfoliation syndrome at a Singapore eye clinic; corneal thickness in Asian keratoconus patients; reasons influencing non-adherence to medications in psychiatric patients; pilot study on nurses’ perceptions towards different aspects of learning; oral conditions among dependent community-dwelling elderly persons; knowledge of osteoporosis among Singapore adults in national healthcare group polyclinics (NHGP) settings and knowledge adequacy of diagnosis and treatment plans of elderly patients on discharge from tertiary hospital. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid alcohol antibiotic agent brain derived neurotrophic factor collagen fibrinogen leucine rich repeat kinase 2 lipid microRNA plastic sex hormone tigecycline vasculotropin vitamin D EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health Singapore EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute heart infarction administrative personnel adult advanced practice nurse aged amyloidosis anemia anesthesia anxiety aphasia apheresis Asian atopic dermatitis autism bariatric surgery biliary stent biomedicine bipolar disorder body mass bone scintiscanning book breast cancer burnout cancer patient cardiology cardiovascular mortality caregiver chikungunya child childhood China cholesterol blood level chronic kidney disease circulating tumor cell cognition cognitive defect cognitive therapy community community sample computer computer assisted tomography computer program contamination cornea thickness corpus callosum data base day hospital decision support system dementia dermatology diabetes mellitus diabetic macular edema diagnosis dialysis diet restriction dietary intake diseases disruptive behavior distress syndrome drug interaction drug therapy education electrocardiogram electroencephalogram electroencephalography electrostimulation employment endophthalmitis enzymic biosensor epidemiology Escherichia coli ethnicity eukaryotic flagellum extracellular matrix eye facial nerve paralysis factorial analysis fasciitis femoral nerve femur neck fracture follow up fracture functional disease functional genomics gait gastrectomy gene gene mutation genome gout grain grounded theory haploinsufficiency health care health care personnel health science hearing hearing aid hearing impairment heart failure hip hip fracture hospice hospital hospital discharge hospital patient hospital physician hospital readmission human hydrogel hypertension hypoglycemia hyponatremia in vitro study infarction infection influenza influenza vaccination injection intensive care unit interview intestine intracameral drug administration ischemic cardiomyopathy Japan keratoconus kidney failure learning leg lifelong learning literature longitudinal study machine male mass screening medical audit medical education medication compliance medication therapy management mental disease mental health mental hospital mental patient metastasis microbiome mobilization model monitoring morphology mortality multicenter study multiple myeloma mycosis myeloma neck neoplasm nerve block NK T cell lymphoma non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus nuclear magnetic resonance imaging nurse nursing assistant nursing education nursing home nutrition obesity observational study occupation operating room optical coherence tomography orbit osteoporosis outpatient outpatient department packaging pain palliative therapy patient patient care patient controlled analgesia patient satisfaction perfusion pharmacist pharmacy photography phototherapy physiotherapist physiotherapy pilot study planning podiatry population prevalence prevention primary medical care professional practice protein intake pseudoexfoliation psychosis quality of life questionnaire radiotherapy randomized controlled trial registered nurse rehabilitation rehabilitation center religion retinal thickness retrospective study risk sarcopenia schizophrenia screening screening test self concept serum shoulder simulation skin sleep sleep disordered breathing smoking cessation spiritual care stereotypy stomach cancer summer teaching tertiary health care therapy thorax radiography thrombocyte thrombocyte count tobacco total knee replacement traumatic brain injury tuberculosis university vaccination violence visual acuity vitiligo ward winter workplace wound healing zebra fish LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 178 TITLE Alcohol education and training in pre-registration nursing: a national survey to determine curriculum content in the United Kingdom (UK) AUTHOR NAMES Holloway A.S. Webster B.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Holloway A.S.; Webster B.J.) School of Health in Social Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, The Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK. Aisha.Holloway@edu.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse education today (2013) 33:9 (992-997). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2013 ISSN 1532-2793 (electronic) ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Alcohol-related harm impacts significantly on the health of the population. Nurses are often among the first health professionals that many patients with alcohol-related problems come into contact with and have been identified as playing a key role but may be ill-prepared to respond. Future nurses need to have the skills, knowledge and clinical confidence to respond to patients suffering from alcohol-related harm. A pre-registration curriculum that ensures a nursing workforce fit for practice in responding to alcohol-related harm is necessary.OBJECTIVES: To determine the level of alcohol education and training content in the pre-registration curriculum for nursing in the United Kingdom (UK). To establish whether there are variations in the pre-registration curriculum content across the UK.DESIGN: A descriptive study.SETTING: All 68 UK Higher Education Institutions offering a total of 111 pre-registration courses for nurses were invited to participate in the study.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty nine completed questionnaires were returned, a response rate of 26%. The largest number of identified responders were from England (n=15), with 3 from Scotland and 1 each from Wales and Northern Ireland. Nine Universities chose not to identify themselves.METHODS: An online semi-structured questionnaire survey was used to collect the study data.RESULTS: Teaching of alcohol and alcohol related harm was mainly delivered during the second year of a pre-registration nursing programme provided mainly to adult and mental health students. Overall, the majority of alcohol related content that is provided within the responding pre-registration nursing courses relates to biophysiology, aetiology, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.CONCLUSION: This study highlights the need for a greater and more relevant focus of alcohol education to pre-registration nursing students of all fields of practice incorporating an integrated approach across all years of study. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adverse effects health personnel attitude standards EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS cross-sectional study curriculum drinking behavior evaluation study female human Internet male nursing education nursing student questionnaire United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23154151 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23154151) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.10.011 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 179 TITLE Clinical pharmacist to improve the pharmacological appropriateness in residential social care for elderly AUTHOR NAMES Franchin G. Bolcato J. Caparrotta L. Terrazzani G. Chinellato A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Franchin G.; Bolcato J.; Caparrotta L.; Terrazzani G.; Chinellato A.) Servizio Farmaceutico Territoriale AULSS 9, Treviso Dipartimento di scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Franchin, Servizio Farmaceutico Territoriale AULSS 9, Treviso Dipartimento di scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy. SOURCE European Geriatric Medicine (2013) 4 SUPPL. 1 (S164-S165). Date of Publication: September 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 9th Congress of the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society, EUGMS 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Venice, Italy CONFERENCE DATE 2013-10-02 to 2013-10-04 ISSN 1878-7649 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT Introduction.- Elderly residents in Nursing Homes (NHs) are affected by disorders that often lead to permanent disability with significant health care needs and expenditure. This study presents a project of a computerized management of therapies supported by a pharmacist placed by side of the medical and paramedical staff in NHs to improve the pharmacological end points by drug appropriateness. Methods.- One year observational study of 2050 residents (mean age 83 years, 23%Mvs 77% F), in 25 NHs of the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Treviso. A clinical pharmacist by a dedicated software recorded age, gender, and medications for each NH residents, to identify elderly in severe polypharmacy. Drugs were classified by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) code (ATC5) to identify chemical/therapeutic subgroup. Results.- The therapies mainly involved the blood and bloodforming organs (4053 DDD/1000/day), the cardiovascular system (1861 DDD/1000/day), the gastro-intestinal tract and metabolism (1355 DDD/1000/day), the nervous system (735 DDD/1000/day), the bone remineralization, mostly bisphosphonates (96 DDD/1000/day). The 73% of patients were in polypharmacy, prescribed on a number of drugs equal or greater than six: to 56.5% of them were prescribed 6-9 medications, to 22.5% 10-11 medications, while the remaining 21% from 12-21. Conclusion.- Considering the frailty of most elderly examined in this study and the extensive use of drugs, the pharmacist collaboration with NHs staff improved the therapeutic effectiveness and over that reduced the risk of drug-induced problems. Furthermore, as 'pharmaceutical care provider', the pharmacist improved the use of health care resources. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS bisphosphonic acid derivative EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aged European Union geriatrics human pharmacist social care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS blood bone cardiovascular system computer program disability diseases drug therapy gastrointestinal tract gender health health care health care need metabolism nervous system nursing home observational study paramedical personnel patient pharmaceutical care polypharmacy risk therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.549 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 180 TITLE Reducing alcohol-related health risks: the role of the nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Govier A. Rees C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Govier A.) Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK. (Rees C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Govier, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK. SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2013) 27:50 (42-46). Date of Publication: 2013 Aug 14-20 ISSN 0029-6570 ABSTRACT The negative effects of alcohol consumption are increasingly being recognised in the UK, with statistics highlighting the health and social problems associated with the misuse of alcohol. Consequently, nurses need to consider their role in educating and advising patients about 'safe' drinking limits. This article identifies some of the problems with adhering to such safe drinking limits, for example, the miscalculation of alcohol units. In addition, the article highlights nursing interventions that can be used with all patients, not just those presenting with alcohol-related problems, to increase awareness of the negative effects of harmful alcohol consumption. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) drinking behavior (prevention) nurse attitude nurse patient relationship patient education risk reduction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health promotion human methodology nursing questionnaire United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23944824 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23944824) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2013.08.27.50.42.e7138 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 181 TITLE Qualitative exploration of family perspectives of smoke-free mental health and addiction services AUTHOR NAMES Missen R.L. Brannelly T. Newton-Howes G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Missen R.L., oregon@vodafone.co.nz; Newton-Howes G.) Hawkes Bay District Health Board, Hastings, New Zealand. (Missen R.L., oregon@vodafone.co.nz) Kina Families and Addictions Trust, Napier, New Zealand. (Brannelly T.) School of Health and Social Services, Massey University, New Zealand. (Newton-Howes G.) Wellington School of Medicine, Otago University, Wellington, New Zealand. (Newton-Howes G.) Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.L. Missen, Hawkes Bay Hospital, Private Bag 9014, Hastings, New Zealand. Email: oregon@vodafone.co.nz SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2013) 22:4 (294-303). Date of Publication: August 2013 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT The significant health disparities experienced by people with mental illness indicate the need for mental health service improvement. This qualitative study explored family and whānau (Māori family group) perspectives of smoke-free mental health services. Thematic analysis found that family and whānau identified a number of barriers to the implementation of successful smoke-free policy, including lack of coordination and consistency, and limited, if any, family and whānau inclusion. Family and whānau discussed smoking as a strategy for coping with anxiety and boredom; therefore, the need for other activities and strategies to replace smoking was identified as necessary in effective service delivery. The attitude that mental health service policy should be different from general health policy, due to the experience of mental distress, was also identified. In this paper, we argue that the development and implementation of quality mental health services would be strengthened by involving family and whānau in smoke-free initiatives. Furthermore, the provision of relevant information to family, whānau, and service users would help dispel myths and stigma associated with tobacco and mental health. © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction caregiver drug dependence treatment mental disease mental hospital smoking ban smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health disparity human information processing New Zealand nursing psychological aspect tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23066762 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066762) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00882.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 182 TITLE Confirming the factor structure of the alcohol and alcohol problems questionnaire (AAPPQ) in a sample of baccalaureate nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Terhorst L. Gotham H.J. Puskar K.R. Mitchell A.M. Talcott K.S. Braxter B. Hagle H. Fioravanti M. Woomer G.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Terhorst L.) Community Care Behavioral Health Organization, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 112 Washington Place, Suite 700, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Gotham H.J.) Mid-America Addiction Technology Transfer Center, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States. (Puskar K.R.; Mitchell A.M.; Talcott K.S.; Braxter B.; Fioravanti M.; Woomer G.R.) University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Hagle H.) Institute for Research, Education and Training in Addictions (IRETA), Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Hagle H.) Addiction Technology Transfer Center on SBIRT, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Terhorst, Community Care Behavioral Health Organization, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 112 Washington Place, Suite 700, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. SOURCE Research in Nursing and Health (2013) 36:4 (412-422). Date of Publication: August 2013 ISSN 0160-6891 1098-240X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Inc., P.O.Box 18667, Newark, United States. ABSTRACT The Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (AAPPQ) is a multi-dimensional measure of clinicians' attitudes toward working with patients with alcohol problems. In the past 35 years, five- and six-subscale versions and a short version of the AAPPQ have been published. While the reliability of the AAPPQ subscales has remained acceptable, the factor structure has not been verified using confirmatory techniques. In the current study, we split a sample of 299 baccalaureate nursing students to use exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). When compared to the original six-factor solution and an imposed six-factor structure in CFA, the EFA seven-factor solution with three original items (19, 20, and 25) removed had the best model fit. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health personnel attitude nursing student questionnaire EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol problems article controlled clinical trial controlled study factorial analysis female human male nursing nursing education psychological aspect randomized controlled trial reproducibility statistics student attitudes validation study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23633092 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23633092) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.21537 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 183 TITLE Police referrals to a psychiatric hospital: Experiences of nurses caring for police-referred admissions AUTHOR NAMES Maharaj R. O'Brien L. Gillies D. Andrew S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Maharaj R., reshin.maharaj@swahs.health.nsw.gov.au; Gillies D.) Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia. (O'Brien L.) Western New South Wales Local Health District and School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia. (Andrew S.) Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Maharaj, Cumberland Hospital, WS LHD, Locked Bag 7118 Parramatta, BC NSW 2124, Australia. Email: reshin.maharaj@swahs.health.nsw.gov.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2013) 22:4 (313-321). Date of Publication: August 2013 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Police are a major source of referral to psychiatric hospitals in industrialized countries with mental health legislation. However, little attention has been paid to nurses' experience of caring for police-referred patients to psychiatric hospitals. This study utilized a Heideggerian phenomenological framework to explore the experiences of nine nurses caring for patients referred by the police, through semistructured interviews. Two major themes emerged from the hermeneutic analyses of interviews conducted with nurse participants: (i) 'expecting "the worst"'; and (ii) 'balancing therapeutic care and forced treatment'. Expecting 'the worst' related to the perceptions nurse participants had about patients referred by the police. This included two sub-themes: (i) 'we are here to care for whoever they bring in'; and (ii) 'but who deserves care?' The second theme balancing therapeutic care and forced treatment included the sub-themes: (i) 'taking control, taking care'; and (ii) 'managing power'. The study raises ethical and skill challenges for nursing including struggling with the notion of who deserves care, and balancing the imperatives of legislation with the need to work within a therapeutic framework. © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) forensic psychiatry health personnel attitude mental hospital nurse patient relationship patient referral police EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult aggression alcoholism article Australia behavior comorbidity control crisis intervention female human legal aspect male middle aged nursing psychologic test psychological aspect psychosis LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23009594 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23009594) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00881.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 184 TITLE Mental health nurses' beliefs about smoking by mental health facility inpatients AUTHOR NAMES Connolly M. Floyd S. Forrest R. Marshall B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Connolly M.) Hawke's Bay District Health Board, Hastings, New Zealand. (Floyd S.; Forrest R.; Marshall B., bmarshall@eit.ac.nz) Eastern Institute of Technology, Taradale, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Marshall, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Institute of Technology, PB 1201 Hawke's Bay Mail Centre, Napier, New Zealand. Email: bmarshall@eit.ac.nz SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2013) 22:4 (288-293). Date of Publication: August 2013 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT This study examined beliefs of mental health nurses about smoking by clients, nurses, and visitors in inpatient facilities and identified the influence of years of experience, smoke-free status, and workplace on these beliefs. Data were collected by a survey, distributed via a nursing newsletter with approximately 600 members. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations explored the data. A total of 104 responses were received. Smoke-free status made significant differences to nurses' beliefs relating to prohibition of smoking for clients, staff, and visitors; concern about the effects of passive smoking; the role of smoking in the development of therapeutic relationships; smoking as a source of patient pleasure; and the role of smoking in symptom management. That half of the nurses who responded believe that smoking is helpful in the creation of therapeutic relationships is of concern. The nurse plays an important role model in promoting smoke-free lifestyles amongst clients, and the effects of positive role modelling could be lost if nurses continue to smoke with clients. The negative impacts of smoking on the physical health of mental health inpatients is considerable and well documented, and the creation of smoke-free inpatient mental health services can help to address these. © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural anthropology health personnel attitude hospitalization mental disease psychiatric nursing smoking (prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article behavior human New Zealand nurse patient relationship nursing nursing staff pleasure psychological aspect questionnaire smoking ban tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22897708 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897708) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00871.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 185 TITLE Residential addiction treatment for injection drug users requiring intravenous antibiotics: A cost-reduction strategy AUTHOR NAMES Jewell C. Weaver M. Sgroi C. Anderson K. Sayeed Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jewell C.; Sayeed Z.) Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States. (Sgroi C.) Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States. (Anderson K.) Care Coordination, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States. (Weaver M., mweaver@mcvh-vcu.edu) Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, PO Box 980109, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Weaver, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, PO Box 980109, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. Email: mweaver@mcvh-vcu.edu SOURCE Journal of Addiction Medicine (2013) 7:4 (271-276). Date of Publication: July-August 2013 ISSN 1932-0620 1935-3227 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 250 Waterloo Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Objectives: Injection drug users (IDUs) are prone to developing infections and complications requiring prolonged intravenous (IV) antibiotic treatment. Our institution's unique multidisciplinary approach provides special consideration and successful management of IDUs in a residential addiction treatment facility with nurse-administered IV antibiotics. Our hypothesis is that hospital costs can be reduced by providing both IV antibiotics and addiction treatment in a community residential treatment setting outside the hospital. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for inpatients requiring prolonged antibiotic treatment who were admitted to the university teaching hospital between January 2006 and December 2011 and were treated at the residential addiction treatment facility. Data were gathered to characterize this population of patients and estimate cost savings. Results: A total of 205 patients were sent to the residential addiction treatment facility from 2006 to 2011. The majority were African American, men, and in their early forties. Heroin was the most popular injected substance, but most patients were polysubstance users, including alcohol and tobacco. The most common infections were osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. There was a 73% completion rate of antibiotic treatment in this program. The relapse rate for return to illicit drug use was at least 32%. This program has resulted in a significant cost savings of $2.43 million in a 6-year period. Conclusions: The program saved $2.43 million over 6 years for the health care system by reducing hospital length of stay with safe and appropriate discharge planning for IDUs with infections requiring long-term IV antibiotics. Copyright © 2013 American Society of Addiction Medicine. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic agent (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cannabis cocaine diamorphine illicit drug opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use injection drug use residential care substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult African American article controlled study cost control drug administration route female high risk patient hospital cost hospital patient human length of stay major clinical study male medical record review methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (drug therapy) osteomyelitis (drug therapy) outcome assessment priority journal recurrence risk retrospective study Streptococcus infection (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013728192 MEDLINE PMID 23648642 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23648642) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0b013e318294b1eb COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 186 TITLE The role of the advanced practice nurse in promoting smoking cessation in the adult population. AUTHOR NAMES Porter A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Porter A.) Fort Hamilton Hospital, Hamilton, OH, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Porter, Fort Hamilton Hospital, Hamilton, OH, USA. SOURCE Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (2013) 22:4 (264-268). Date of Publication: 2013 Jul-Aug ISSN 1092-0811 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) advanced practice nursing health promotion nurse attitude smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult article human nurse patient relationship nurse practitioner pathophysiology psychological aspect smoking LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24147327 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24147327) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 187 TITLE Breastfeeding rates and the relationship between breastfeeding and neonatal abstinence syndrome in women maintained on buprenorphine during pregnancy AUTHOR NAMES O'Connor A.B. Collett A. Alto W.A. O'Brien L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Connor A.B., aoconnor@mainegeneral.org) Faculty of Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency in Fairfield, Maine, United States. (O'Connor A.B., aoconnor@mainegeneral.org) Dartmouth Medical School's Department of Community, Family Medicine and Vanderbilt University, School of Nursing, United States. (Collett A.) Colby in Waterville, Maine, United States. (Alto W.A.) Faculty of Swedish Family Medicine Residency Program, Cherry Hill, United States. (Alto W.A.) University of Washington in Seattle, United States. (O'Brien L.M.) Department of Mathematics and Statistics at Colby, United States. (O'Brien L.M.) University of New England in Portland, Maine, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.B. O'Connor, Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency, 4 Sheridan Drive, Fairfield, ME 04937, United States. Email: aoconnor@mainegeneral.org SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2013) 58:4 (383-388). Date of Publication: July/August 2013 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: Although a growing body of evidence suggests that buprenorphine is a safe alternative to methadone in the treatment of opioid-dependent pregnant women, little is known about breastfeeding in this population. The first objective of this study was to describe breastfeeding rates among opioid-dependent pregnant women maintained on buprenorphine in an integrated medical and behavioral health program. The second objective was to determine whether breastfeeding is related to the duration, severity, and frequency of pharmacologic treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for all infants born to opioid-dependent pregnant women treated in the integrated buprenorphine program between December 2007 and August 2012. Results: Eighty-five maternal-infant pairs were identified. Sixty-five women (76%) chose to breastfeed their infants after birth; of the women who initiated breastfeeding in the hospital, 66% were still breastfeeding 6 to 8 weeks postpartum. Although the data suggest that infants who were breastfed had less severe NAS (mean peak NAS, 8.83 vs 9.65 on a modified Finnegan Scoring System) and were less likely to require pharmacologic treatment (23.1% vs 30.0%) than infants who were not breastfed, these results were not statistically significant. Discussion: More than three-quarters of the opioid-dependent pregnant women in this case series chose to breastfeed after birth. Although a direct comparison of care models is not possible, the integrated model of care potentially reduced some of the barriers to breastfeeding as the women accessed all their care in a single, infant-friendly setting. Further work is needed to definitively determine whether breastfeeding mitigates NAS. © 2013 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) buprenorphine (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent illicit drug opiate phenobarbital (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) breast feeding opiate addiction (drug therapy, drug therapy) pregnancy withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article disease duration disease severity female health care access health program human infant major clinical study medical record review priority journal puerperium scoring system CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013512443 MEDLINE PMID 23931660 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23931660) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 188 TITLE Reducing violence and aggression in the emergency department. AUTHOR NAMES Powley D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Powley D.) NHS Lothian District Nursing Services. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Powley, NHS Lothian District Nursing Services. Email: denise-powley@live.co.uk SOURCE Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association (2013) 21:4 (26-29). Date of Publication: Jul 2013 ISSN 1354-5752 ABSTRACT Emergency department (ED) staff, particularly nursing students and inexperienced nurses, are at risk of violence and aggression from patients. However, by reflecting on violent incidents, nurses can gain new knowledge, improve their practice and prepare themselves for similar incidents. This article refers to the Gibbs reflective cycle to analyse a violent incident involving a patient with mental health and alcohol-dependence problems that occurred in the author's ED. It also identifies strategies for nurses to pre-empt and defuse violent situations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aggression emergency health service nurse patient relationship violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article human mental disease nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23901870 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23901870) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 189 TITLE Nursing Home Residents Dying With Dementia in Flanders, Belgium: ANationwide Postmortem Study on Clinical Characteristics and Quality of Dying AUTHOR NAMES Vandervoort A. Van den Block L. van der Steen J.T. Volicer L. Stichele R.V. Houttekier D. Deliens L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vandervoort A., An.Vandervoort@vub.ac.be; Van den Block L.; Stichele R.V.; Houttekier D.; Deliens L.) End-of-Life Care Research Group, Ghent University and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. (Van den Block L.) Department of Family Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. (van der Steen J.T.) EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Expertise Center for Palliative Care, Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (Volicer L.) University of South Florida, School of Aging Studies, Tampa, FL, United States. (Stichele R.V.) Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. (Deliens L.) EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Expertise Center for Palliative Care, Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Vandervoort, End-of-Life Care Research Group, Ghent University and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium. Email: An.Vandervoort@vub.ac.be SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2013) 14:7 (485-492). Date of Publication: July 2013 ISSN 1525-8610 1538-9375 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: There is a lack of large-scale, nationwide data describing clinical characteristics and quality of dying of nursing home residents dying with dementia. We set out to investigate quality of end-of-life care and quality of dying of nursing home residents with dementia in Flanders, Belgium. Design/Setting/Participants: To obtain representativity, we conducted a postmortem study (2010) using random cluster sampling. In selected nursing homes, all deceased residents with dementia in a period of 3 months were reported. For each case, a structured questionnaire was filled in by the nurse most involved in care, the family physician, and the nursing home administrator. We used the Cognitive Performance Scale and Global Deterioration Scale to assess dementia. Main outcome measures were health status, clinical complications, symptoms at the end of life, and quality of dying. Measurements: Health status, clinical complications, symptoms at the end of life, and quality of dying. Results: We identified 198 deceased residents with dementia in 69 nursing homes (58% response rate). Age distribution was the same as all deceased residents with dementia in Flanders, 2010. Fifty-four percent had advanced dementia. In the last month of life, 95.5% had 1 or more sentinel events (eg, eating/drinking problems, febrile episodes, or pneumonia); most frequently reported symptoms were pain, fear, anxiety, agitation, and resistance to care. In the last week, difficulty swallowing and pain were reported most frequently. Pressure sores were present in 26.9%, incontinence in 89.2%, and cachexia in 45.8%. Physical restraints were used in 21.4% of cases, and 10.0% died outside the home. Comparing stages of dementia revealed few differences between groups regarding clinical complications, symptoms, or quality of dying. Conclusion: Regardless of the dementia stage, many nursing home residents develop serious clinical complications and symptoms in the last phase of life, posing major challenges to the provision of optimum end-of-life care. © 2013 American Medical Directors Association, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia dying health care quality nursing home patient terminal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age distribution aged agitation anxiety article autopsy Belgium cachexia cluster analysis cross-sectional study decubitus dehydration dysphagia fear female general practitioner health status human incontinence major clinical study male nurse nursing home pain pneumonia (complication) quality of life retrospective study sentinel event structured questionnaire EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013413082 MEDLINE PMID 23523319 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23523319) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2013.01.016 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 190 TITLE Medical error types and causes made by nurses in Turkey ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Türkiye'de Hemşirelik Hizmetlerinde Ti{dotless}bbi Hata Türleri ve Nedenleri AUTHOR NAMES Küçük Alemdar D. Yaman Aktaş Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Küçük Alemdar D., dilekkucuk@atauni.edu.tr; Yaman Aktaş Y.) Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Küçük Alemdar, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey. Email: dilekkucuk@atauni.edu.tr SOURCE TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin (2013) 12:3 (307-314). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 1303-734X BOOK PUBLISHER Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Halk Sagligi AD Bsk.ligi, Etlik - Ankara, Turkey. ABSTRACT AIM: This study was carried out as a descriptive study in order to determine types, causes and prevalence of medical errors made by nurses in Turkey. METHOD: Seventy eight (78) nurses who have worked in a randomly selected hospital from five hospitals in Giresun city centre were enrolled in the study. The data was collected by the researchers using the 'Information Form for Nurses' and 'Medical Error Form'. The Medical Error Form consists of 2 parts and 40 items including types and causes of medical errors. Nurses' sociodemographic variables, medical error types and causes were evaluated using the percentage distribution and mean. RESULTS: The mean age of the nurses was 25.5 years, with a standard deviation 6.03 years. 50% of the nurses graduated health professional high school in the study. 53.8% of the nurses are single, 63.1% worked between 1-5 years, 71.8% day and night shifts and 42.3% in medical clinics. The common types of medical errors were hospital infection rate of 15.4%, diagnostic errors 12.8%, needle or cutting tool injuries and problems related to drug usage which has side effects 10.3%. In the study 38.5% of the nurses reported that they thought the cause of medical error highly was tiredness, 36.4% increased workload and 34.6% long working hours. CONCLUSION: As a result of the present study, nurses mentioned hospital infection, diagnostic errors, needle or cutting tool injuries as the most common medical errors and fatigue, over work load and long working hours as the most common medical error reasons. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medication error nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult adverse outcome article diagnostic error drug use fatigue hospital infection human infection rate needlestick injury nurse patient ratio nurse training nursing practice patient safety single (marital status) Turkey (republic) working time workload EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Turkish LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Turkish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013364299 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/pmb.1-1345816200 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 191 TITLE Pharmacist-led clinician tobacco cessation education and the effects on adherance to joint commission standards AUTHOR NAMES Willner M.A. Cohen V. Lum D. Cassera F. Caruso P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Willner M.A.; Cohen V.; Lum D.; Cassera F.; Caruso P.) Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 Tenth Ave, Brooklyn, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Willner, Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 Tenth Ave, Brooklyn, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (301). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 52nd Annual Assembly of the New York State Council of Health-system Pharmacists, NYSCHP 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Verona, NY, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-05-02 to 2013-05-05 ISSN 0897-1900 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Tobacco addiction is a chronic disease that requires multiple interventions and attempts for patients to quit. According to the Public Health Service's Smoking Cessation Guidelines, tobacco use causes 435,000 deaths each year in the United States and is a preventable chronic disease. 1 A recent assessment by the Department of Health evaluating the current tobacco cessation practices at our institution, a 700-bed tertiary care teaching hospital, revealed a gap in care. To close this practice gap, we plan to implement a two-phase pharmacist-led tobacco cessation program. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the pharmacist-led tobacco cessation program in improving compliance with the current Joint Commission Tobacco Use Standards. The first phase will involve the education of clinicians (i.e. medical residents and attending physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, clinical pharmacists, and respiratory therapists) on the topics of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, Joint Commission tobacco performance measures, and methods of patient counseling to facilitate quitting attempts. The second phase of the implementation will involve a computerized intervention document and computerized physician order entry screens. The metrics collected regarding use of the intervention document and smoking cessation therapy prescription will be used to assess effectiveness in complying with the following Joint Commission standards: screening for tobacco use, recommendations to quit by a care provider, offering assistance with quitting using smoking cessation therapies, counseling on smoking cessation and pharmacotherapy, and arranging follow-up to assess smoking status 30-days after discharge. This project will address the first phase of the aforementioned tobacco cessation program. The primary study aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led tobacco cessation education to train clinicians to effectively screen, counsel, and initiate evidence-based tobacco cessation therapy and meet the requirements of the Joint Commission Tobacco Measure Set. To achieve these outcomes, a clinical pharmacist will educate clinician groups and use a pre-test/post-test model to assess their baseline knowledge and knowledge after educational sessions. The projected number of clinicians to be educated is 140. The projected number of patients to be affected by this program through their care providers is 360. The mean pre-test score will be compared to the mean post-test score by independent sample t-test. A P-Value of <0.05 will denote statistical significant difference between the groups. Descriptive statistics will be used to assess the pre-test and post-test responses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education health care human pharmacist tobacco United States EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS chronic disease computerized provider order entry counseling death drug therapy evidence based practice follow up health model nurse practitioner patient patient counseling physician physician assistant prescription public health service respiratory therapist screening smoking smoking cessation statistical significance statistics Student t test teaching hospital tertiary health care therapy tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013486091 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 192 TITLE If you build it edesigning primary care training around actively transforming continuity clinics AUTHOR NAMES Pels R. Stark R. Jain P. Ogur B. Bor D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pels R.; Stark R.; Jain P.; Ogur B.; Bor D.) Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, United States. (Pels R.; Stark R.; Jain P.; Ogur B.; Bor D.) Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Pels, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2013) 28 SUPPL. 1 (S465-S466). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 36th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, SGIM 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Denver, CO, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-24 to 2013-04-27 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT NEEDS AND OBJECTIVES: Diagnosis and therapy in internal medicine have shifted profoundly to the ambulatory setting. But the lack of satisfying primary care continuity experiences, the need to prioritize acute inpatient responsibilities, the minimal engagement in practice management and the dearth of positive role models discourage trainees from pursing careers in primary care. We seek to transform resident professional development through the redesign of medicine residency training at our institution. We seek to do this concurrent with enhancing systems performance via patientcentered practice transformation at resident continuity clinic practice sites. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The Cambridge Health Alliance Internal Medicine Residency Program is a university-affiliated, community hospital primary program in an urban, highly diverse and largely underserved setting. All three continuity clinic sites and all twenty-four residents are participating in the innovation. DESCRIPTION: In July 2012, the residency implemented a “2+4” immersion schedule. Residents spend 2 weeks in ambulatory training alternating with 4 weeks of other experiences, throughout the 3 years of residency, resulting in 25 % greater time on ambulatory rotations and 30 % more clinic sessions. Resident continuity clinics are transforming into Patient-Centered Medical Homes. Residents are assigned to care teams with two other residents, a preceptor, nurse, and medical assistant, and work with this team throughout residency. During ambulatory rotations, residents have four clinic sessions and one administrative session each week. They participate in population and complex case management, and systems improvement. EVALUATION: Early feedback from residents and preceptors has been very positive. Residents report they are better able to focus on their clinic patients and to provide meaningful longitudinal care. Residents meet regularly with their care teams and review panel quality metrics and complex cases. Two of the three resident clinic sites are co-locating providers (including residents) alongside nurses and medical assistants. And residents are engaged in site-based practice improvement teams. Yearlong experiential curriculums in community health and health advocacy, and longitudinal experiences for first-year residents with specialists in mental health, addictions, and geriatrics have been successfully launched. A robust plan for quantitative and qualitative program evaluation is underway. Data from the first 6 months will be available for reporting at the time of the SGIM meeting. DISCUSSION / REFLECTION / LESSONS LEARNED: Residency redesign with concurrent practice transformation provides a facilitating framework for innovative, longitudinal care experiences with patients, and for educational immersion in outpatient medicine. When residents are fully integrated with care teams and have predictable clinic schedules, without the distraction of concurrent acute care responsibilities, they can develop meaningful relationships as members of care teams and practice improvement teams, and participate in practice transformation. We believe the emphasis on continuous relationships with patients, staff and clinic sites will enhance residents' humanistic professional identity. Outcomes may help to inform similar efforts in other residency programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital internal medicine primary medical care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction case management community hospital curriculum diagnosis emergency care feedback system geriatrics health hospital patient human identity immersion management medical assistant medical specialist mental health model nurse outpatient patient population professional development program evaluation public health residency education responsibility student therapy university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 193 TITLE Helping children and adolescents at risk of developing substance use problems: A significant role for nurses AUTHOR NAMES Mirlashari J. Demirkol A. Jahanbani J. Salsali M. Rafiey H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mirlashari J.) Neonatal Intensive Care, Tehran University of Medical Science, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tehran, Iran. (Demirkol A.) Addiction Medicine, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia. (Jahanbani J.) Pathology Department, Dental Branch, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. (Salsali M.) Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tehran, Iran. (Rafiey H.) Addiction, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Mirlashari, Neonatal Intensive Care, Tehran University of Medical Science, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tehran, Iran. SOURCE Intensive Care Medicine (2013) 39 SUPPL. 1 (S131). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 24th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, ESPNIC 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Rotterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2013-06-12 to 2013-06-15 ISSN 0342-4642 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag ABSTRACT Background: A wide variety of factors are considered to contribute to the initiation of drug use. Among them parenting and early childhood experiences are thought to be particularly important. Aims: This paper aims to report on the results of a qualitative inquiry that explored the early childhood experiences of current substance-dependent young adults in Tehran, Iran, and the roles of nurses in the field of addictions in settings such as Iran were assessed. Design and methods: The study was qualitative in nature. Forty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with young men and women who were either in treatment for their addiction or were active drug users at the time of the interviews their parents and family members and nurses. Results: The analysis of this study implicates traumatic childhood experiences, dysfunctional family dynamics, disconnect between parents and children, as well as parents' knowledge and attitudes about drug use and prevention as the determinants of initial drug use. Also analysis of interviews with nurses reveled categories like unfamiliar world of addiction and prejudgment. Conclusion: All determining factors identified by the participants of this study are within the scope of current nursing practice such as early childhood, community or school nursing, where there are great opportunities and unmet need for greater nursing involvement. Nurses who work with adolescents and families have a unique opportunity for prevention, early detection and timely intervention for drug dependency among at risk children. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent child human newborn intensive care nurse risk society substance use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction child parent relation childhood community drug dependence drug use dynamics dysfunctional family female interview Iran male nursing nursing practice parent prevention school health nursing young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-013-2950-8 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 194 TITLE Medication Therapy Services (MTS) and Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) AUTHOR NAMES Gable K.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gable K.N.) Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.N. Gable, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of Pharmacy, Edwardsville, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (341). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists, CPNP 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Colorado Springs, CO, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24 ISSN 0897-1900 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) is an evidence-based practice consisting of a multidisciplinary treatment team providing comprehensive psychiatric and rehabilitative services to individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses. Treatment team members include a psychiatrist, nurses, vocational specialists, substance abuse specialists, and peer specialists. Many ACT teams receive funding from the state Department of Mental Health (DMH). In August of 2012, Missouri granted pharmacists the authority to perform Medication Therapy Services (MTS). An MTS-certified pharmacist may initiate, modify and discontinue medications under a medication therapy protocol with a collaborating physician. The state of Missouri also recognizes psychiatric pharmacists as Qualified Mental Health Providers (QMHPs), and client encounters can be billed as medication or consultation services. Description of Innovative Service: An MTS-certified clinical pharmacist is functioning as a prescriber on a DMH-funded ACT team. The collaborating physician completes initial client intakes and yearly psychiatric evaluations and reviews and co-signs the electronic progress notes of the pharmacist. The pharmacist participates in daily one-hour treatment team meetings and completes an average of four to eight medication assessments per day. Most assessments occur at the client's place of residence. Home visits are typically 30 to 60 minutes in length and consist of a comprehensive review of psychiatric symptoms, medications, and treatment plan goals. Medication adjustments are completed when appropriate. Specific procedure codes allow for services to be billed at a rate of $34.86 per 15 minutes. Impact on Patient Care: The concept of a pharmacist as a prescriber on an ACT team is new and not common practice. The clinical value of a pharmacist within ACT was demonstrated in a six month retrospective review of pharmacist interventions published in 2010. A total of 80 recommendations were made involving medication adjustments, labs and adverse events. Having a pharmacist on an ACT team has the potential to significantly decrease medicationrelated complications and improve treatment adherence. Conclusion: ACT is a valuable and essential psychiatric treatment for persons with severe and persistent mental illnesses. This innovative service allows not only for the incorporation of the clinical pharmacist into evidence-based practice, but also provides financial compensation for services provided. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug therapy group therapy human pharmacist therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS compensation consultation evidence based practice funding medical specialist mental disease mental health nurse patient care patient compliance physician procedures professional practice psychiatric treatment psychiatrist substance abuse United States vocation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 195 TITLE Effectiveness of educational intervention in improving knowledge and perception among healthcare providers at a community based hospital AUTHOR NAMES Gupta A. Wong I. Chan T. Khazal S. Sedrak A. Sadanandan S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gupta A.; Wong I.; Chan T.; Khazal S.; Sedrak A.; Sadanandan S.) Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Gupta, Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, United States. SOURCE Pediatric Blood and Cancer (2013) 60 SUPPL. 2 (S83-S84). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 26th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, ASPHO 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Miami, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-24 to 2013-04-27 ISSN 1545-5009 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Liss Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients often face barriers to optimal medical care due to inadequate knowledge and misperceptions among healthcare providers. Furthermore, mistrust of patient's subjective reporting of pain as well as stigmatization and bias leads to inadequate pain management. Objectives: To evaluate knowledge and perceptions about SCD among healthcare providers at The Brooklyn Hospital Center (TBHC) and to assess the effectiveness of interactive educational session in improving knowledge and eliminating misperceptions. Design/Method: Multiple interactive educational seminars were conducted where a paired pre and post seminar 26-point anonymous questionnaire was distributed at the beginning and end of sessions. Participation was voluntary and included physicians, medical students, nurses, physician assistants and other support staff including pharmacists and patient care associates. Eighteen questions addressed knowledge (sub-grouped into pathophysiology (8), clinical presentation (6) and management (4)) while 8 focused on perceptions (sub-grouped into addiction (4) and impact on quality of life (4)) of the health care staff. The primary outcome was measured by the change in individual scores between the pre and post-intervention responses. Paired t-test was utilized to analyze change in mean score of the participants. Results: Of the 540 participants (representing 25% of TBHC employees), 339 (63%) were physicians and nurses, 62% (n=331) being female. Asians (37%) and African- Americans (30%) constituted majority of participants. Educational intervention resulted in significant improvement in cumulative score for knowledge and perception (71% vs. 83%; p<0.001), as well as in respective subgroups (except impact on quality of life). Misperception about addiction in SCD patients decreased significantly post-intervention (p<0.001). Remarkable difference was observed in questions related to knowledge about disease management (mean score 3.5 vs. 5.2; p<0.001), pathophysiology (5.1 vs. 6.3; p<0.001) and perception about addiction (2.1 vs. 2.7; p<0.001). Significant improvement in knowledge and perception was also noticed in these sub-groups when stratified based on gender, race and profession. Conclusion: Simple, cost-effective educational interventions can help reduce the barriers to knowledge and misperceptions among healthcare providers about SCD. Improvement in knowledge and perception translates into better practice and enhanced quality of care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health care personnel hospital human society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction African American analgesia disease management employee female gender health care medical care medical student nurse occupation pain pathophysiology patient patient care pharmacist physician physician assistant quality of life questionnaire sickle cell anemia Student t test LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.24509 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 196 TITLE Has nurses been avoiding palliative-end of life care seminars/ workshop/training in Kenya? Is it morphine, death, burn out, burden of work? AUTHOR NAMES Rithara S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rithara S.) Kenya Medical Training College, Nairobi, Kenya. (Rithara S.) Ongata Ngong Palliative Care, Kajiado, Kenya. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Rithara, Kenya Medical Training College, Nairobi, Kenya. SOURCE Supportive Care in Cancer (2013) 21 SUPPL. 1 (S82-S83). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 2013 International MASCC/ISOO Symposium: Supportive Care in Cancer CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2013-06-27 to 2013-06-29 ISSN 0941-4355 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag ABSTRACT Introduction: Palliative care is an expert care and has potential to greatly reduce burden and distress of those facing life limiting illness and ability to offer support. Nurses stay with palliation patients 90 % of their life hence increasing need for palliative care services. Purpose: To explore the challenges and fear the nurses have. Method: A survey done September 2010-September 2011, after explaining the purpose of the study, a total of 36 subjects were given questionnaire to complete t he survey between 20 and 45 years old nurses. Outcome: Majority of nurses are willing to do other specialty away from palliative care. There has been increasing palliative awareness in the country and short courses. 80 % fear of breaking bad news, 55 % it consume time, 65 % burn out, 50 % fear of prescribing morphine and addiction, 70 % family dependant, 45 % fear of dealing with death after work, 40 % course very expensive, 45 % lack of motivation, 80 % work in rural with no idea of palliative care, 55 % not visited hospices which are located in big towns, 30 % willing to do home care than hospital care, student nurses less aware of the palliative care, less trained tutors on palliative care and clinical instructors. Conclusion: Palliative awareness especially in the rural set-up, encouragement and financial support for course. Need Government active participation in palliative care delivery. Majority of the nurses' work in government sector at the rural set-up who are willing to work in the palliative field hence supported. Community awareness in support of the nurses. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) morphine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) death human Kenya neoplasm nurse terminal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction city community diseases fear financial management government home care hospice hospital care motivation nursing student palliative therapy patient questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-1798-3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 197 TITLE Identifying and reducing barriers to pain management: A unique hospitalist/pain medicine collaboration AUTHOR NAMES Page C.S. Rizk D. Calabrese R. Bookbinder M. Flores S.E. Portenoy R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Page C.S.; Rizk D.; Calabrese R.; Bookbinder M.; Flores S.E.; Portenoy R.) Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.S. Page, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2013) 28 SUPPL. 1 (S95). Date of Publication: June 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 36th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, SGIM 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Denver, CO, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-24 to 2013-04-27 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patient satisfaction scores will soon affect hospital reimbursement, and effective pain control is a key element of satisfaction with an inpatient experience. A recent study at a large urban hospital estimated that 40 % of inpatients have moderate-to-severe pain at least once during their stay. Despite many strategies devised to manage these episodes, inpatient pain remains a persistent challenge for hospitals. Categories of barriers to pain control have been identified, but the frequency of individual barriers has not been quantified. We describe the prevalence of barriers and their change over time. METHODS: A Nurse Practitioner (NP) with experience in pain management visited inpatient units where most patients were cared for by hospitalists. For every patient with uncontrolled pain (defined as three scores greater than five in the past 24 h), the NP spoke with the attending physician, resident, and nurse, and reviewed the chart. This data was coded into discrete barriers to pain control. RESULTS: Between February and April, 499 patients had pain on one or more days. 52 % were female, and the average age was 55. 44 % had a history of chronic pain, 18 % had a history of psychiatric disease, and 12 % had a history of substance abuse. A total of 56 potential barriers to pain control were initially identified. The most frequent barrier, “Presence of a pre-existing chronic pain syndrome,” was recorded 256 times in February and 253 times in May 2012 (1.2 % decline). The second most frequent barrier, “Pain medication not changed due to need to observe current therapy” dropped from 113 occurrences to 2 (99.9 % decrease). 158 patients had uncontrolled pain for three or more days. During the study, the number of patients with uncontrolled pain for three or more days dropped from 47 in February to 33 in May (34 % decline, p=0.083). The total number of unique barriers declined from 32 in the first month of the study to 21 in the final month (34 %). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a dedicated pain management NP making rounds on patients was associated with a decrease in the recorded barriers to pain control. The large decline in physicians choosing to “observe current therapy” before escalating care has several possible explanations. Informal discussion with a NP experienced in pain management may have given the primary team confidence to more rapidly escalate care. There may also have been a Hawthorne effect, in which providers who know they are being observed are more attentive to pain control. Further research is needed to evaluate the association between change in barriers and pain scores. Most Frequent Barriers to Pain Cotrol February 2012 May 2012 % Change Presence of pre-existing chronic pain syndrome 256 253-1.2 Pain medication not changed due to need to observe current therapy 113 2-99.9 Pain control difficult due to severity of medical disease 91 134+48.6 Patient admitted on analgesic therapy 89 103+22.4 MD concerned about medication side effects 23 10-52.1. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia internal medicine society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS chronic pain drug therapy female Hawthorne effect hospital hospital patient human medical staff mental disease nurse nurse practitioner pain patient patient satisfaction physician prevalence reimbursement satisfaction side effect substance abuse therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 198 TITLE An examination of barriers to nurse practitioner endorsement in senior rural drug and alcohol nurses in new south wales AUTHOR NAMES Ling S. Curtis J. Brighton R. Dunlop A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ling S., stephen.ling@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au) Drug and Alcohol, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Area Health Service, New South Wales, Australia. (Ling S., stephen.ling@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au; Dunlop A.) The Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. (Dunlop A.) Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services, Hunter New England Area Health Service, New South Wales, Australia. (Curtis J.; Brighton R.) School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Ling, Drug and Alcohol, Division of Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Locked Bag 1, HRMC, NSW 2305, Australia. Email: stephen.ling@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au SOURCE Collegian (2013) 20:2 (79-86). Date of Publication: June 2013 ISSN 1322-7696 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Introduction and aims: To examine barriers senior rural nurses in New South Wales drug and alcohol clinical settings perceive when considering endorsement to Nurse Practitioner (NP). Design and methods: A survey was designed to record views of senior alcohol and drug nurses in rural New South Wales about becoming a NP. Participants were identified by Area Health Service Directors of Drug and Alcohol Services for each Area Health Service in NSW excluding metropolitan Sydney. Forty eight surveys were distributed, with 17 (35%) completed surveys included in the results. Results: Of the 17 participants, 12 (70.6%) expressed interest in becoming a NP. The majority (12, 70.6%) were unaware or unsure of endorsement processes. Lack of clarity about the NP role and processes and benefits to becoming a NP was found to be of most concern to all participants. Only 6 participants (35%) indicated they would consider seeking endorsement to NP. Discussion and conclusion: Despite agreeing that NP positions in alcohol and drug settings would improve patient access to treatment and care, senior nurses working in these settings in regional areas are unfamiliar with pathways to becoming endorsed. Barriers, such as a lack of internal support from management and colleagues, as well as the fact that respondents reported no foreseeable financial gain in endorsement, also need to be addressed, before more nurses will consider endorsement. Further evaluation of the views of senior nurses in metropolitan alcohol and other drug settings in the process to NP endorsement is needed before clients will benefit from the expertise and enhanced care that NP's may provide. © 2012 Australian College of Nursing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction career mobility health personnel attitude nurse practitioner rural health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Australia female health care survey human male manpower middle aged nursing nursing education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23898595 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23898595) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2012.03.010 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 199 TITLE Medication safety at a German University Hospital-results of a pilot project AUTHOR NAMES Lenssen R. Heidenreich A. Schulz J.B. Trautwein C. Jaehde U. Eisert A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lenssen R., rlenssen@ukaachen.de; Heidenreich A.; Schulz J.B.; Trautwein C.; Eisert A.) Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Aachen, Steinbergweg 20, Aachen, Germany. (Lenssen R., rlenssen@ukaachen.de; Jaehde U.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Lenssen, Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Aachen, Steinbergweg 20, Aachen, Germany. Email: rlenssen@ukaachen.de SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:3 (494-495) CONFERENCE NAME 8th Working Conference of the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2013-02-06 to 2013-02-08 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands ABSTRACT Aim of project/study The success of medication therapy is limited by drug-related problems (DRP). Furthermore, these problems influence medication safety. Pharmaceutical care service aims at reducing these DRP. A pilot project was conducted at the University Hospital of Aachen. The aim of this project was to reveal whether the implementation of a pharmaceutical care service on wards is feasible. In this context, we evaluated the need for pharmaceutical care for elderly and younger patients by separating the two groups at the age of 65. Additionally, we investigated which care setting is most vulnerable for DRP. Method The patients enrolled in this project received pharmaceutical care during their stay on the cooperating wards. For each patient, a drug information service based on DRP was provided. The DRP were classified using the APS-Doc system.1 Each DRP was analysed regarding to the step of the medication process at which the problem occurred. Results The occurrence of more than two DRP per patient confirm the need for pharmaceutical care [average: 2.3 DRP/patient, min: 0, max: 11 DRP/patient]. Furthermore, the offered pharmaceutical care service was highly accepted on the wards: 77 % of the recommendations were translated into practice. Significantly more drug-related problems (2.5 vs. 1.9 DRP) were observed in the group of the elderly patients compared to the younger ones (p<0.05). Of all detected DRP, 37 % were in the existing drug therapy on admission of the patient to the ward. Further DRP occurred at the transition of care (27 %), whereas 36 % took place during hospital stay. Conclusion The presented results clearly reveal the necessity for pharmaceutical care. The second part of the research project focuses on elderly patients, especially home-cared patients and nursing home residents. Moreover, the effectiveness and benefit of pharmaceutical care service is currently being evaluated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug therapy Europe pharmaceutical care pilot study safety university hospital EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged drug information hospitalization human nursing home patient patient therapy ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9773-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 200 TITLE Promotion of mental health: Higher education students AUTHOR NAMES Borges E. Sequeira C. Carvalho J.C. Sousa C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Borges E., elizabete@esenf.pt; Sequeira C.; Carvalho J.C.; Sousa C.) Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, Portugal. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Borges, Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, Portugal. Email: elizabete@esenf.pt SOURCE Atencion Primaria (2013) 45 SUPPL. 2 (99-100). Date of Publication: May 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 1st World Congress of Children and Youth Health Behaviors / 4th National Congress on Health Education CONFERENCE LOCATION Viseu, Portugal CONFERENCE DATE 2013-05-23 to 2013-05-25 ISSN 0212-6567 BOOK PUBLISHER Ediciones Doyma, S.L. ABSTRACT Introduction: Higher education students experience trancisions processes during theirs academic period that are conditioned by different factors. The consumption of aditive substances as psychotropics, alcohol and drugs is a reality (Botti et al, 2010) with repercussions in student's mental health. Objectives: Evaluate the mental health of the nursing students relatively to mental vulnerability, towards the mental health inventory (Ribeiro, 1999). Methods: It is an exploratory and descriptive type of study, integrated within the paradigm of quantitative research. The sample is made up of nursing students of a school in the North of Portugal (N = 318 students). The instrument for collecting data was the mental health inventory (Ribeiro, 1999). Results: We verified that 35.5% are 4th grade students. We emphasize that in the last month: 48.5% referred loneliness, 48.2% felt nervous and apprehensive; 68.6% felt tense and angry; 59.3% felt sad; 65% showed to be anxious and worried; 45.3% referred feeling under great pressure and stress and 61.4% felt depressed. The results point out a statistically significant association between gender and the practice of physical exercise (male students practice more physical exercise than female ones, p < 0.005) and with the consumption of alcoholic drinks (male students consume more than the female ones, p < 0.002). The students who consume tranquillizers feel more depressed (p < 0.027); more nervous (p < 0.047) and with few expectations for the future (p < 0.037). Conclusions: These data are relevant as they allow intervening at the level of the prevention of the disease - in the depression towards the intervention in student who consume tranquillizers and the level of health promotion towards the interventionin healthy living styles. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol tranquilizer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child education health behavior health education human juvenile mental health student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholic beverage exercise female gender health promotion loneliness male nursing student Portugal prevention school LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0212-6567(13)70033-7 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 201 TITLE Screening for Substance Abuse in Women's Health: A Public Health Imperative AUTHOR NAMES Goodman D.J. Wolff K.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goodman D.J., daisyjgoodman@gmail.com; Wolff K.B.) Dartmouth Institute for Health Care Policy and Clinical Practice, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.J. Goodman, 566 Hanover Center Rd., Hanover, NH 03755, United States. Email: daisyjgoodman@gmail.com SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2013) 58:3 (278-287). Date of Publication: May/June 2013 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Alcohol and drug use is a significant public health problem with particular implications for the health and safety of women. Women who abuse these substances are more likely to have untreated depression and anxiety and are at higher risk for intimate partner violence, homelessness, incarceration, infectious disease, and unplanned pregnancy. Substance abuse during pregnancy places both mother and fetus at risk for adverse perinatal outcomes. Data regarding the prevalence of substance abuse in women are conflicting and difficult to interpret. On the clinical level, strong arguments exist against routine urine drug testing and in favor of the use of validated instruments to screen women for drug and alcohol use both in primary women's health care and during pregnancy. A number of sex-specific screening tools are available for clinicians, some of which have also been validated for use during pregnancy. Given the risks associated with untreated substance abuse and dependence in women, the integration of drug and alcohol screening into daily clinical practice is imperative. This article reviews screening tools available to providers in both the prenatal and primary women's health care settings and addresses some of the challenges raised when women screen positive for drug and alcohol abuse. © 2013 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS buprenorphine (drug combination, drug therapy) buprenorphine plus naloxone (drug therapy) dolphine methadone (drug combination, drug therapy) unclassified drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse drug abuse mass screening substance abuse women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical practice comorbidity cost control criminal law drug screening emergency care geographic distribution health care access health care cost health care policy hospitalization human motivational interviewing opiate addiction (drug therapy) patient referral pregnancy prevalence primary health care priority journal prison public health service risk reduction screening test traffic accident United States urinalysis DRUG TRADE NAMES dolphine suboxone CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013379145 MEDLINE PMID 23631601 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23631601) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12035 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 202 TITLE Will mothers of sick children help their husbands to stop smoking after receiving a brief intervention from nurses? Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial AUTHOR NAMES Chan S.S.C. Wong D.C.N. Lam T.-H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chan S.S.C., nssophia@hku.hk; Wong D.C.N., cnwong@hkucc.hku.hk) School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, 4/F William M W Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. (Lam T.-H., hrmrlth@hku.hk) School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, 5/F William M W Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S.C. Chan, School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, 4/F William M W Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. Email: nssophia@hku.hk SOURCE BMC Pediatrics (2013) 13:1 Article Number: 50. Date of Publication: 8 Apr 2013 ISSN 1471-2431 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6, 236 Gray's Inn Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Second-hand smoke is a severe health hazard for children. Clinical guidelines suggest that nurses advise smoking parents to quit when they accompany their sick children to paediatric settings, but the guidelines did not mention what nurses can do if the parents are not with the children. This study examines the effectiveness of a low-intensity, nurse-led health instructional initiative for non-smoking mothers, to motivate them to take action to help their husbands stop smoking.Methods: This was a randomised controlled trial and 1,483 non-smoking women, who were living with husbands who do smoke, were recruited when they accompanied with their sick children on hospital admission in general paediatic wards/outpatient departments of four hospitals in Hong Kong. The women were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The former received brief health education counselling from nurses, a purpose-designed health education booklet, a " no smoking" sticker, and a telephone reminder one week later; the control group received usual care. The primary outcome was the women" s action to help their smoking husbands stop smoking at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups.Results: A higher proportion of women in the intervention than the control group had taken action to help their husbands stop smoking at the 3-month (76% vs. 65%, P < .001), 6-month (66% vs. 49%, P < .001) and 12-month (52% vs. 40%, P < .001) follow-ups. Women who had received the intervention, had better knowledge of the health hazards of smoking, higher intention to take action, perceived their husbands' willingness to stop/reduce smoking, had previously advised their husbands to give up smoking, were aware of their husbands' history of smoking and, were aware that their husbands had made an earlier quit attempt and intended to help them stop smoking at the follow-ups.Conclusions: A brief health education intervention by nurses in paediatric settings can be effective in motivating the mothers of sick children to take action to help their husbands quit smoking. We recommend adding the following to the clinical practice guidelines on treating tobacco use and dependence: 'Nurses should offer every non-smoking mother of a sick child brief advice to encourage their husbands to stop smoking'.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN72290421. © 2013 Chan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) family counseling health education passive smoking paternal smoking smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article awareness controlled study female follow up general hospital health hazard Hong Kong hospital admission human human experiment knowledge mother multicenter study normal human nurse outcome assessment outpatient department randomized controlled trial risk reduction smoking habit teleconsultation ward EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS ISRCTN (ISRCTN72290421) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013247501 MEDLINE PMID 23565835 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23565835) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-13-50 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 203 TITLE Relationship of internet game addiction and autonomic function in adolescents AUTHOR NAMES Kim N.-H. Kong I.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kim N.-H.) Basic Nursing Scence, Keimyung University, College of Nursing, Daegu, South Korea. (Kong I.D.) Department of Physiology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.-H. Kim, Basic Nursing Scence, Keimyung University, College of Nursing, Daegu, South Korea. SOURCE FASEB Journal (2013) 27 Meeting Abstracts. Date of Publication: April 2013 CONFERENCE NAME Experimental Biology 2013, EB CONFERENCE LOCATION Boston, MA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-20 to 2013-04-24 ISSN 1530-6860 BOOK PUBLISHER FASEB ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of internet game addiction and autonomic function in adolescents. The subjects of this study were 140 high school students. Data were collected from July to September, 2012, using a questionnaire for measuring internet game addiction, stress and anxiety, and blood serum cortisol level for autonomic function. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS/WIN 15.0. The stress level of internet game addiction group was significant higher than the stress level of the non-addiction group (t=-5.06, p<.001). The anxiety score was also significant high in the group of internet game addiction (t=-4.90, p<.001). Serum cortisol level was higher in internet game addiction group than non-addiction adolescents. There were significant positive correlations between daily internet game time and the score of stress and anxiety. These results showed that internet game addiction could increase sympathetic activities in high school adolescents. Thus, nursing approach to relieve the internet game addiction could be helpful to prevent cardiovascular distress due to autonomic imbalance in their future. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction adolescent human Internet EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of variance anxiety correlation coefficient high school high school student hydrocortisone blood level nursing questionnaire serum Student t test sympathetic tone LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 204 TITLE Changing the face of pain through pharmacy pain consults AUTHOR NAMES Nair H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nair H.) IU Health, West Avon, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Nair, IU Health, West Avon, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pain (2013) 14:4 SUPPL. 1 (S89). Date of Publication: April 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 32nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Pain Society CONFERENCE LOCATION New Orleans, LA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-05-09 to 2013-05-11 ISSN 1526-5900 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone Inc. ABSTRACT Changing the Face of Pain through Pharmacy Pain Consults at a Small Community Hospital. In 2010, IU HealthWest Hospital ranked in the 12th percentile in our value based purchasing pain score. In April of 2010 we implemented a multidisciplinary Pain Resource Nurse and Colleague program with the stated aim to improve our patient experience scores for pain management. After two days of classroom education, this core group met monthly to identify weaknesses in our practice methods, and to look for key strategies to support improvements in pain management. Very early in our Pain Committee evolution it was identified some staff had misunderstandings and misperceptions about the nuances of appropriate pain management. Pharmacological knowledge about various pain medications was identified as an area that needed improvement. The pharmacist on the Pain Resource and Colleague committee agreed to help educate the both physicians and nursing staff. This education was done in phases due to the varying shifts and staffing issues. After initial positive feedback, colleagues from physical therapy and occupational therapy requested pharmacy education in the area of pain management. This content was added for all new caregivers joining our team. Our pain scores improved somewhat following this education, but were still below our desired preeminent level. The Pain Committee advocated for the initiation of a Pharmacy Pain Consult program to further support patients experiencing unrelieved pain, chronic pain or who had addiction issues. It was recognized that the pharmacists could share their understanding of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of pain medications with physicians and nurses who might need further education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pain pharmacy society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia caregiver chronic pain community hospital drug therapy education hospital human nurse nursing staff occupational therapy patient pharmacist pharmacokinetics pharmacology physician physiotherapy positive feedback purchasing weakness LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2013.01.695 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 205 TITLE A nurse led pre admission education program for elective adult cardiac surgical patients-a pilot study using an interdiscplinary approach AUTHOR NAMES Laws E. Pucciarelli A. Biagioni A. Guerra A. Chiaramonti F. Nardini F. Marotta M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Laws E.; Pucciarelli A.; Biagioni A.; Guerra A.; Chiaramonti F.; Nardini F.; Marotta M.) Gabriele Monasterio Foundation CNR/Region Toscana, Heart Hospital, Massa, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Laws, Gabriele Monasterio Foundation CNR/Region Toscana, Heart Hospital, Massa, Italy. SOURCE European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2013) 12 SUPPL. 1 (S4-S5). Date of Publication: April 2013 CONFERENCE NAME EuroHeartCare 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Glasgow, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2013-03-22 to 2013-03-23 ISSN 1474-5151 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Pre operative anxiety is well documentated. Patients and their families on an elective waiting list can experience anxiety about the procedure and hospital admission which is heightened when there is postponement. Cardiac surgical activity in our institute has a 30%-40% emergency admission incidence which means that elective waiting times are 6-7 months with continuous postponements. Aim: Reduce pre operative anxiety. Involve patients and families in care. Fill educative gaps and unify information. Reduce client complaints. Method: The TRIAD riahabilitation model used in alcohol abuse treatment was adapted. It uses a multidisplinary approach stressing psychological support and educational input to motivate patients and families to collaborate in care with opportunities to discuss any worries. The team involved are a clinical psychologist, a cardiac surgeon, and an admission nurse. Slides and an information leaflet were prepared. Patients are contacted 2 weeks pre admission and invited with family members to attend the weekly meeting (lasting about 2 hours). Patients complete a questionaire at the end of the meeting. Results: May- August 2012, 13 meetings; 129 patients: 76 male, 53 female. Age range 20 years-87 years (mean age 68.5 years), see Table 1. Conclusion: The majority of patients were highly satisfied. In a busy work enviroment this program has given us an important space in which to explain and clarify care. Patients say they feel more secure. The psycologist has the opportunity to identify patients who may require more support during hospital stay. We intend to use the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) to see if anxiety levels are reduced. (Table presented). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adult education program human nurse pilot study surgical patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse anxiety cardiac surgeon clinical psychology emergency female hospital hospital admission hospitalization male model patient patient worry procedures LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474515113477019 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 206 TITLE Nurse efficiency of the intervention through an educational program to reduce smoking in cardiology unit for acute event AUTHOR NAMES Mesa Rico R. Rejon Amores M. Timonet Andreu E. Rodriguez Alarcon P. Amor Perino T. Rodriguez Martinez J.L. Garcia Jarillo C. Dominguez Naranjo A. Escalona Aguilar A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mesa Rico R.; Rejon Amores M.; Timonet Andreu E.; Rodriguez Alarcon P.; Amor Perino T.; Rodriguez Martinez J.L.; Garcia Jarillo C.; Dominguez Naranjo A.; Escalona Aguilar A.) Agencia Sanitaria Costa del Sol, Marbella. Málaga, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Mesa Rico, Agencia Sanitaria Costa del Sol, Marbella. Málaga, Spain. SOURCE European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2013) 12 SUPPL. 1 (S40-S41). Date of Publication: April 2013 CONFERENCE NAME EuroHeartCare 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Glasgow, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2013-03-22 to 2013-03-23 ISSN 1474-5151 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Introducction and objectives: The smoking cessation reduces mortality in patients who have suffered a coronary event, so the motivation of these patients to stop smoking is very high. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of a smoking cessation programin patients who have suffered acute coronary event. Material and methods: Prospective quasi-experimental study of 46 smokers who were admitted to the cardiology unit over a period of three months with an acute coronary event, including a smoking cessation program. Once detected, the patient underwent a smoker nursing interview which assessedthe degree of motivation to quit smoking, the level of nicotine dependence and the phase of stage of change in which they were. Results: Of the 189 entries in the cardiology unit showed a smoking prevalence of 24.33%. In smokers there was a withdrawal at three months of 53.7% and a reduction in consumption of 52.6%. There were statistically significant (p = 0.001) between dropping the three months and the motivation. As for neglect and the level of nicotine dependence using the Fagerström test, we found no statistically significant differences (p = 0.833). Twice as many smokers in preparation / action against those who were in pre / contemplation stopped smoking, but no significant differences (p = 0.096). Conclusions: Hospitalization in a cardiac unit after an acute coronary event is a good time to start a smoking cessation program. The nursing intervention through an educational program in coronary patients has shown favorable results regarding smoking cessation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiology human nurse smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS hospitalization interview mortality motivation nursing nursing intervention patient prevalence quasi experimental study smoking cessation smoking cessation program tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474515113477019 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 207 TITLE Integrating procedural care with addiction support: an example from a PICC nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Wilson K.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wilson K.M.) Procedure Center, Community Hospital of Grand Junction, Grand Junction, CO, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.M. Wilson, Procedure Center, Community Hospital of Grand Junction, Grand Junction, CO, USA. Email: kathleenparkerwilson@gmail.com SOURCE Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (2013) 22:2 (128-130, 135). Date of Publication: 2013 Mar-Apr ISSN 1092-0811 ABSTRACT Alcohol-related problems are substantial in this society. In support of national health goals, increased effectiveness of hospital-provided care, and patient's well-being, hospital nurses are called to address the issue of addiction and recovery with patients and their families. SBIRT involve a set of strategies useful for this purpose. Nurse-led use of SBIRT strategies into hospital procedural care was demonstrated through the scenario. This technique is applicable to patient encounters during most direct-care inpatient procedures. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol liver disease alcoholism patient education patient referral social support EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling human male methodology middle aged nurse patient relationship nursing nursing staff United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23802502 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23802502) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 208 TITLE Teen dating abuse: recognition and interventions. AUTHOR NAMES Freeman S.A. Rosenbluth B. Cotton L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Freeman S.A.) Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA. (Rosenbluth B.; Cotton L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Freeman, Dell Children's Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA. SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2013) 28:2 (79-82). Date of Publication: Mar 2013 ISSN 1942-602X ABSTRACT Teen dating abuse, also known as teen dating violence, is a significant public health issue. Adolescents with a history of dating abuse may struggle academically and experience increased risk for serious injury or even death. They may engage in risky sexual behavior, substance abuse, and unhealthy dieting and exhibit suicidal behaviors. School nurses may be the first adults that teens confide in when experiencing dating abuse and may lack the knowledge and skills to intervene with teens involved in unhealthy dating relationships. Beginning in 2008, Dell Children s Medical Center in Austin, Texas, partnered with SafePlace (a local nonprofit that serves survivors of sexual and domestic violence) to address dating abuse. This collaboration is part of Start Strong Austin, one of 11 communities nationwide participating in the Start Strong: Building Healthy Teen Relationships Initiative funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The Start Strong model employs innovative strategies in education, community engagement, policy change, and social marketing to prevent dating abuse before it starts. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent behavior high risk behavior school health nursing sexual crime (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article education female human male methodology nursing education personnel management psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23600090 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23600090) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X12469410 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 209 TITLE Association between fatigue and Internet addiction in female hospital nurses AUTHOR NAMES Lin S.-C. Tsai K.-W. Chen M.-W. Koo M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lin S.-C.; Tsai K.-W.) Department of Geriatrics, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. (Chen M.-W.) Department of Nursing, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. (Koo M., m.koo@utoronto.ca) Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Koo, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada. Email: m.koo@utoronto.ca SOURCE Journal of Advanced Nursing (2013) 69:2 (374-383). Date of Publication: February 2013 ISSN 0309-2402 1365-2648 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims. To report a study conducted to examine the association between fatigue and Internet addiction among female hospital nurses. Background. The Internet provides unprecedented convenience for social interaction and information retrieval. Although excessive Internet use has been demonstrated to correlate with fatigue in adolescents, no studies have examined whether it is associated with fatigue in nurses. Design. Cross-sectional survey. Methods. The study was conducted in August 2010. Female Registered Nurses working in a regional teaching hospital in southern Taiwan were asked to complete a paper-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions on demographics, the Chen Internet Addiction Scale and the Chalder Fatigue Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using Chalder fatigue scale as the dependent variable. Results. Of the 564 (79% response) valid questionnaires returned, 6 and 10% of the participants were classified as diagnostic cases and possible cases of Internet addiction, respectively. Fatigue levels, adjusting for other potential confounders including work unit, shift work, regular self-medication, and self-perceived health status, was significantly associated with both possible cases of Internet addiction and diagnostic cases of Internet addiction. Conclusion. This study is the first in reporting a statistically significant association between fatigue levels and Internet addiction in female hospital nurses. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses should pay attention to their Internet activity and whether it adds to their fatigue levels. Addictive behaviour should promptly be dealt with to ensure that the best care is provided to patients. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) fatigue (etiology) Internet nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cross-sectional study female human middle aged nursing staff psychological aspect Taiwan LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22515191 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22515191) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06016.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 210 TITLE Opioid remsdprescriber education that is relevant, case based, and addresses the tough issues (P19) AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (2013) 45:2 (328-329). Date of Publication: February 2013 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Assembly of the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine and the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association, AAHPN/NPNA 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION New Orleans, LA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-03-13 to 2013-03-16 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Objectives 1. Summarize why risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS) are necessary for opioid drugs. 2. Effectively assess benefits and risks of prescribing extended release/long-acting (ER/ LA) opioids. 3. Define the concepts and federal and state regulations regarding effectively initiating, modifying dosing, and discontinuing ER/LA opioids. 4. Apply strategies to effectively manage risk of side-effects, abuse, or diversion. 5. Counsel patients and families about general characteristics, risks, and safe management of ER/LA opioids. 6. Apply general information and specific characteristics of ER/LA opioids in practice. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined that a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) is required for extended- release and long-acting opioid medications to ensure that their benefits outweigh their risks. AAHPM has been a strong advocate of availability of these medications for use in palliative and hospice care settings while acknowledging the significant increase of unintentional deaths, emergency department visits, and admissions to substance abuse treatment due to abuse of pain relievers. Prescriber education and patient education are vital components of these REMS. This workshop will cover all six content areas defined in the FDA's Blueprint for Prescriber Continuing Education Program refined specifically for hospice and palliative care prescribers. While prescriber education is currently voluntary, mandates are anticipated through federal legislation in the near future. Anticipate an engaging, case-based session that informs your practice going forward. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education hospice human nurse palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse continuing education death drug therapy education program emergency ward food and drug administration hospice care law pain patient patient education risk side effect substance abuse workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.10.025 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 211 TITLE Health risk screening practices by providers and associated factors among university students in hong kong AUTHOR NAMES Abraham A. Lau C.-H. Wong L. Kim J.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Abraham A.; Lau C.-H.; Kim J.H.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. (Wong L.) Private Practice, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Abraham, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. SOURCE Journal of Adolescent Health (2013) 52:2 SUPPL. 1 (S46). Date of Publication: February 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 2013 Annual Meeting of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, SAHM 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Atlanta, GA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-03-13 to 2013-03-16 ISSN 1054-139X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA ABSTRACT Purpose: The prevalence of health issues such as depression, eating disorders and internet addiction has increased significantly among teens in Hong Kong. Despite the importance of targeted health risk behaviour screening and counselling for adolescents on issues such as mental health, body image, drug and alcohol use and sexual activity, there is very limited information regarding actual screening practices by health providers in Hong Kong. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of specific screening and counselling practices by providers as well as the associated barriers to screening during health visits among university students in Hong Kong. Methods: In 2011, a cross sectional study was conducted among 469 randomly selected incoming medical, nursing, public health and pharmacy students to a public university in Hong Kong using a self-administered questionnaire. Questionnaires were collected while students attended a required health check-up in the university health service. Descriptive statistics were generated by SPSS 16.0. Results: The mean age of students was 19 years and 66% were female. The majority of students received care in the private system (64%) and saw a traditional Western practitioner (75.9%). Only 1/2 (49.5%) reported that the visit was conducted in a confidential manner. The main reasons for visits were for acute visits (44.8%), followed by routine health checks (14.7%) Students reported having problems in the last five years with school issues (18.6%), depression (17.1%), body image (16.8%), and internet overuse (11.3%). However, providers only infrequently asked about school issues (3.2%) depression (4.3%), body image (.9%), and internet overuse (2.8%) during encounters. In addition, providers rarely asked about sexual activity (.6%), condom use (.4%) and drug/ alcohol use (1.3%). Only 2.1% of providers used a written or electronic screening questionnaire to ask about health behaviours. The majority of students cited that they were comfortable and honest in discussing personal information related to dietary habits (80.6%), sleep (77.8%), and depression and stress (59.7%) but less so for drug use (39.9%), sexual activity (34.1%) and sexual identity (35.8%). Some participants responded (40.9%) that they would feel shocked if their provider asked about personal behaviours such as drug use or sexual activity when the student visited for a routine URI and nearly 1/2 (53.7%) did not consider it part of the physician's job to ask about such issues. Main barriers reported by students to disclosing personal information included feeling ashamed (71%) and fear of disclosure to parents (19%). Conclusions: Depression, body image concerns, and internet addiction are important health problems among adolescents in Hong Kong. However, students in this study were infrequently screened or counselled about these issues during visits. Health providers are missing important opportunities to provide preventive care. The use of a standardized written or electronic screening questionnaire could be a useful adjunct to current care. In addition, a more comprehensive approach which is confidential and culturally appropriate should be adopted to improve the health of adolescents and young adults in Hong Kong. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent health health hazard Hong Kong human screening society university student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcohol consumption body image condom counseling cross-sectional study drug use eating disorder fear female gender identity habit health health behavior health service Internet internet addiction mental health nursing parent pharmacy student physician prevalence public health questionnaire school sexual behavior sleep statistics student university work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.10.109 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 212 TITLE Homeless trauma patients-a unique challenge AUTHOR NAMES Blakely A.M. Merritt R. Stephen A.H. Gregg S.C. Connolly M.D. Adams C.A. Cioffi W.G. Heffernan D.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blakely A.M.; Merritt R.; Stephen A.H.; Gregg S.C.; Connolly M.D.; Adams C.A.; Cioffi W.G.; Heffernan D.S.) Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.M. Blakely, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, United States. SOURCE Journal of Surgical Research (2013) 179:2. Date of Publication: February 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 8th Annual Academic Surgical Congress of the Association for Academic Surgery, AAS and the Society of University Surgeons, SUS CONFERENCE LOCATION New Orleans, LA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2013-02-05 to 2013-02-07 ISSN 0022-4804 BOOK PUBLISHER Academic Press Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction: Trauma is perceived as a disease of the poor, underserved and under-insured. The homeless, a subset of low socioeconomic individuals, are arguably even more disadvantaged. Given high rates of substance abuse, psychiatric illness, and undiagnosed comorbidities, homeless patients presents unique challenges to trauma care providers in delivering optimal in-hospital and post-discharge care. Although a unique population, increasing in frequency, there is an absence of literature pertaining to the homeless trauma patient Methods: Retrospective chart review of homeless trauma victims admitted to a level 1 trauma center from Jan 2008 and Dec 2011. Homelessness was defined in the trauma registry as patients stating no fixed abode or giving an address of a known homeless shelter. The homeless population was compared to an age, ISS and gender matched population of patients of fixed abode. Charts were reviewed for demographics, pre-trauma health care insurance, mechanism, injury severity score (ISS), toxicology, length of stay, substance withdrawal, infections, discharge disposition and mortality. Results: Over the 4 years 134 homeless trauma patients were admitted. Compared to individuals of fixed abode, homeless patients had similar age (45.2 vs 52.6 yrs), but dramatically fewer elderly (>/=65yrs) patients (1.5% vs 32.5%;p<0.001). Health care insurance, although less frequent than in homed individuals, was surprisingly prevalent among homeless patients (50.8% versus 78.5%;p<0.001). The Homeless sustained more penetrating trauma (18.7% vs 8.8%;p<0.001) or assault (34.4% versus 10.2%;p<0.001), significantly less motor vehicle collisions (1.5% vs 18.8%;p<0.001) and less likely to have moderate or severe injury (ISS>/=15) (9.8% vs 22.1%;p<0.001). Homeless patients had higher rates of positive toxicology screen for alcohol (76% vs 45.2%;p<0.001) or illicit substances (72.9% vs 43.7%;p<0.001), and had higher rates of substance withdrawal (25.4% vs 3.8%;p<.001). In multivariate analysis, there was no difference in hospital infectious complications (6% vs 8.9%;p=0.3), length of stay (5.8 vs 4.8 days;p=0.2), 30-day readmission (1.5% vs 3.0%;p=0.3), in-hospital mortality(2.2% vs 4.5%;p=0.47). Homeless patients had higher rates of signing out against medical advice (AMA) (8.4% vs 0.8%;p<0.001) and lower rates of discharge to rehabilitation or nursing facility (16% vs 39.4%;p<0.001). Conclusions: Social issues dominate homeless trauma patient care, with dramatic rates of person on person violence, substance abuse and subsequent withdrawal. Remarkably few homeless trauma patients were elderly. Despite high rates of pre-trauma health care insurance homeless patients had lower utilization of post-hospital resources, marked by very low rates of discharge to a skilled facility. High rates of leaving AMA may reflect a lack of faith in health care systems among homeless patients. Understanding this unique population is essential for delivering optimal care. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human injury intensive care patient society surgeon surgery university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged assault emergency health service gender health care health care system homelessness hospital hospital readmission infection infectious complication injury scale insurance length of stay medical record review mental disease mortality motor vehicle multivariate analysis nursing patient care penetrating trauma population register rehabilitation substance abuse toxicology victim violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 213 TITLE Effectiveness of antismoking media messages and education among adolescents in Malaysia and Thailand: Findings from the international tobacco control southeast asia project AUTHOR NAMES Zawahir S. Omar M. Awang R. Yong H.-H. Borland R. Sirirassamee B. Fong G.T. Hammond D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zawahir S., shukry2010@gmail.com; Omar M.; Awang R.) Clearinghouse for Tobacco Control, National Poison Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. (Zawahir S., shukry2010@gmail.com) School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia. (Yong H.-H.; Borland R.) Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia. (Sirirassamee B.) Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand. (Fong G.T.) Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada. (Fong G.T.) Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada. (Hammond D.) Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Zawahir, National Poison Center, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Email: shukry2010@gmail.com SOURCE Nicotine and Tobacco Research (2013) 15:2 (482-491). Date of Publication: February 2013 ISSN 1462-2203 1469-994X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Introduction: Finding ways to discourage adolescents from taking up smoking is important because those who begin smoking at an earlier age are more likely to become addicted and have greater difficulty in quitting. This article examined whether anti smoking messages and education could help to reduce smoking susceptibility among adolescents in two Southeast Asian countries and to explore the possible moderating effect of country and gender. Methods: Data came from Wave 1 of the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Project (ITC-SEA) survey conducted in Malaysia (n = 1,008) and Thailand (n = 1,000) where adolescents were asked about receiving antismoking advice from nurses or doctors, being taught at schools about the danger of smoking, noticing antismoking messages, knowledge of health effects of smoking, beliefs about the health risks of smoking, smoking susceptibility, and demographic information. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression models. Results: Overall, significantly more Thai adolescents reported receiving advice from their nurses or doctors about the danger of smoking (p < .001), but no country difference was observed for reported antismoking education in schools and exposure to antismoking messages. Multivariate analyses revealed that only provision of antismoking education at schools was significantly associated with reduced susceptibility to smoking among female Malaysian adolescents (OR = 0.26). Higher knowledge of smoking harm and higher perceived health risk of smoking were associated with reduced smoking susceptibility among Thai female (OR = 0.52) and Malaysian male adolescents (OR = 0.63), respectively. Conclusions: Educating adolescents about the dangers of smoking in schools appears to be the most effective means of reducing adolescents' smoking susceptibility in both countries, although different prevention strategies may be necessary to ensure effectiveness for male and female adolescents. © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent smoking health education mass medium smoking ban EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article comparative effectiveness controlled study female health belief health hazard health survey human international cooperation Malaysia male nurse physician priority journal school health service sex difference Thailand EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013064619 MEDLINE PMID 22949569 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22949569) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts161 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 214 TITLE Effects of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) education and training on nursing students' attitudes toward working with patients who use alcohol and drugs AUTHOR NAMES Puskar K. Gotham H.J. Terhorst L. Hagle H. Mitchell A.M. Braxter B. Fioravanti M. Kane I. Talcott K.S. Woomer G.R. Burns H.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Puskar K.; Gotham H.J.; Terhorst L.; Hagle H.; Mitchell A.M.; Braxter B.; Fioravanti M.; Kane I.; Talcott K.S.; Woomer G.R.; Burns H.K.) University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. krp12@pitt.edu SOURCE Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2013) 34:2 (122-128). Date of Publication: 2013 ISSN 1547-0164 (electronic) ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) can reduce alcohol use and negative health outcomes in patients with risky substance use. However, negative attitudes that some health care professionals have toward patients who use substances are a barrier to implementing SBIRT.METHODS: The University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, in partnership with the Institute for Research, Education, and Training in Addictions (IRETA), developed a curriculum to train baccalaureate student nurses to deliver SBIRT.RESULTS: Following SBIRT education and training, students' perceived attitudes toward patients who use alcohol became more positive. Less robust changes were found for attitudes related to patients who use drugs.CONCLUSIONS: Nurses composing the largest group of healthcare workers are in key positions to screen, intervene, and provide education about substance use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) adult curriculum female health personnel attitude human male middle aged nursing student program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23577905 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23577905) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2012.715621 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 215 TITLE Interdisciplinary education in the addictions: a commentary on the current status AUTHOR NAMES Murphy S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy S.A.) University of Washington, Seattle SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:1 (4-7). Date of Publication: 2013 Jan-Mar ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Educating doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, and social workers in a shared, patient-centered curriculum, let alone in the same classrooms and clinics, would appear impractical at best and as an insurmountable task at worst. Nonetheless, this novel idea is being implemented. This article traces the concept's development. The proceedings of three national conferences held in 2010 and 2011 are briefly summarized. Several model programs are described. Interdisciplinary education in the addictions is in the early phases. Alternative and complementary forms of health care show less progress in interprofessional education. Two concerns are noted. These pertain to the timing of implementation and budget considerations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) interdisciplinary education procedures EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) human patient care public relations vocational education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24622524 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24622524) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e31828767b7 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 216 TITLE The impact of clinical experience with alcoholics on Brazilian nursing students' attitudes toward alcoholism and associated problems. AUTHOR NAMES de Vargas D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (de Vargas D.) School of Nursing, University of São Paulo (EEUSP), Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. de Vargas, SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:3 (180-186). Date of Publication: 2013 Jul-Sep ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT This quasiexperimental study assessed the impact of a clinical experience involving alcoholics on nursing students' attitudes. The study participants were 195 students at a large university-based nursing school in Brazil. They were divided into experimental and control groups. Individuals in the experimental group (n = 56) participated in 6 weeks of a clinical practicum at a specialized treatment service for addiction, during a course in psychiatric nursing. In the same period, the control group (n = 144) participated in a 6-week clinical practicum at a specialized mental health service that did not treat people with addiction. At the end of the theoretical course and clinical practica, both groups completed an attitude measurement scale. Data analysis, using analysis of variance, indicated a statistically significant difference in the overall score on the attitude scale between the experimental and control groups (p = .04), indicating that the experimental group participants' have more positive attitudes, perceptions, opinions, and feelings toward alcoholic individuals and working and relating to these patients. In conclusion, educational interventions that include clinical experience with alcoholics may be an effective teaching strategy that contributes to better skill preparation and more comfortable feelings for nurses intervening in problems related to the use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (complication) health personnel attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Brazil female human male nursing psychological aspect young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24621548 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24621548) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e3182a4cc43 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 217 TITLE Alcohol education revisited: Exploring how much time we devote to alcohol education in the nursing curriculum AUTHOR NAMES Cund A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cund A., Audrey.cund@uws.ac.uk) University of West of Scotland, School of Nursing, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Cund, University of West of Scotland, School of Nursing, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, United Kingdom. Email: Audrey.cund@uws.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education in Practice (2013) 13:1 (35-39). Date of Publication: January 2013 ISSN 1471-5953 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Introduction: This study examines student nurses knowledge, attitudes and educational preparation to work with patients who misuse alcohol. The study begins to quantify how much time is devoted to alcohol education at one Scottish University. Method: The study modified the Short Alcohol Attitudes Problem Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ) and incorporated three case vignettes to examine the student nurses knowledge, attitudes and experience of working with patients who have an alcohol problem. The questionnaire was hand delivered to a convenience sample of third year nursing students. Results: The results show that the student nurses exhibit positive attitudes and beliefs about working with patients who have an alcohol misuse problem. A series of significant associations was found between the adult nursing cohort and their ability to include a comprehensive alcohol history in their nursing assessments (χ(2) = 19.82, df = 4, p < 0.0005); recognise signs of acute alcohol withdrawal (χ(2) = 52.26, df = 16, p < 0.000); and the psychological signs associated with alcohol misuse (χ(2) = 41.81, df = 16, p < 0.000). A baseline figure of 2.5 h of alcohol education is noted at this university. Conclusions: Alcohol education strongly features in three out of the five nursing programmes surveyed. Nurse education needs to focus on strategies that extend to teaching nurses how to respond, provide brief interventions and identify when to refer the patient for specialist intervention. These approaches should be universal to all areas of nursing practice. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism clinical competence health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article curriculum female human male middle aged nursing nursing assessment nursing evaluation research organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire time United Kingdom young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22858311 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22858311) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.07.005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 218 TITLE Interdisciplinary research training in substance abuse and addictions AUTHOR NAMES Thompson E.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thompson E.A.) University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:1 (39-44). Date of Publication: 2013 Jan-Mar ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Considerable evidence shows that the management of complex problems of and related to substance abuse and addictions require comprehensive approaches based on solid research. Nonetheless, timely and widespread dissemination of research findings remains uncommon, hindering nursing practice, impeding the health of individuals and families, and imposing untoward costs for society. Shifts in science paradigms underscore the need for efficient and effective interdisciplinary research teams to carry out innovative research within a translational science framework. This means that early career investigators will need the knowledge and skills to conduct research as part of an interdisciplinary team and to contribute systematically to translational research in the area of substance abuse and addictions. This brief report describes a nursing research training program sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse that evolved into an interdisciplinary program administrated within a school of nursing. Factors conducive to program development are described, along with the structure and elements of the program and examples of the scholars' projects and accomplishments. The common benefits of interdisciplinary research training for both predoctoral and postdoctoral research scholars include consistent exposure to new and alternative scientific models and methodological approaches as well as endurance of cross-discipline network connections. Benefits and challenges of this program carry implications for the design of future nursing research training programs in the field of substance abuse and addictions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education interdisciplinary education patient care vocational education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) evidence based medicine human medical research organization and management procedures LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24622528 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24622528) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e3182876811 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 219 TITLE Knowledge and attitudes of pain management among nursing faculty AUTHOR NAMES Voshall B. Dunn K.S. Shelestak D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Voshall B., bavoshal@oakland.edu) School of Nursing, Graceland University, Independence, MO, United States. (Dunn K.S.) Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States. (Shelestak D.) Kent State University, North Canton, OH, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Voshall, Email: bavoshal@oakland.edu SOURCE Pain Management Nursing (2013) 14:4 (e226-e235). Date of Publication: December 2013 ISSN 1524-9042 ABSTRACT A descriptive correlational design was used in this study to examine nursing faculty knowledge and attitudes in pain management. Relationships between age, education level, pain management preparation, length of time practicing as a nurse, length of time teaching nursing, time teaching pain management in the classroom, taught pain guidelines in the classroom, and additional continuing education about pain management were explored. Ninety-six nursing faculty participated from 16 schools of nursing in one Midwestern U.S. region. Findings identified that most of the nursing faculty recalled being taught about pain management in their basic education, but less than one-half felt adequately prepared. Most respondents said that they taught pain management, yet fewer than one-half identified that they used specific pain management guidelines. Faculty demonstrated adequate knowledge of pain assessment, spiritual/cultural issues, and pathophysiology. Areas of weakness were found in medications, interventions, and addiction. Faculty that reported teaching pain management in the classroom and reported more continuing education missed fewer items. Older nursing faculty reported more years of practice, more years of teaching, and more continuing education in pain management than younger faculty. Younger nursing faculty remembered being taught pain management in nursing school and felt more adequately prepared than older nursing faculty. Faculty that reported practicing for longer periods of time felt less prepared in pain management than faculty who practiced for shorter periods of time. More continuing education in pain management may be needed for older nurses to meet the recommendations of the Institute of Medicines' report on relieving pain in the U.S. © 2013 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia attitude to health nursing education nursing theory pain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article curriculum female human information processing male middle aged nursing pain assessment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24315276 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24315276) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2012.02.001 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 220 TITLE The role of the advanced practice nurse in promoting smoking cessation in the adult population AUTHOR NAMES Porter A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Porter A.) Fort Hamilton Hospital, Hamilton, OH, USA SOURCE Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (2013) 22:4 (264-268). Date of Publication: 2013 Jul-Aug ISSN 1092-0811 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) advanced practice nursing health promotion nurse attitude smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult human nurse patient relationship nurse practitioner pathophysiology psychology smoking LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24147327 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24147327) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 221 TITLE Making a Case for Systematic Integration of Theory-Based Tobacco Education Into Graduate Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing Curriculum AUTHOR NAMES Schwindt R.G. Sharp D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schwindt R.G., rschwind@iupui.edu) Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States. (Sharp D., Daryl_Sharp@URMC.Rochester.edu) University of Rochester School of Nursing, Rochester, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.G. Schwindt, Email: rschwind@iupui.edu SOURCE Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (2013) 27:4 (166-170). Date of Publication: August 2013 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT Tobacco use and dependence is a serious public health issue that disproportionately affects the mentally ill client population. Mental health professionals, including psychiatric/mental health advanced practice nurses (PMHAPNs), are disinclined to integrate tobacco cessation interventions into their practice, due in part, to a general lack of tobacco-related knowledge (C. Essenmacher, C. Karvonen-Gutierrez, J. Lynch-Sauer, & S. A., Duffy, 2008; A. J. Molina, T. Fernandez, D. Fernandez, M. Delgado, S. de Abajo, & V. Martin, 2012; L. Sarna, L. L. Danao, S. Chan, S. Shin, L. Baldago, E. Endo, & M. E. Wewers, 2006); D. Sharp, S. Blaakman, R. Cole, & J. Evinger, 2009). This paper provides an in-depth literature review of tobacco education in nursing curricula and proposes the systematic integration of theory-based tobacco content into psychiatric/mental health graduate nursing programs. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental disease nursing education nursing theory psychiatric nursing smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health curriculum education human motivation nurse patient relationship nursing patient referral psychological aspect review smoking (adverse drug reaction) United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23915693 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23915693) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2012.12.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 222 TITLE Integrating full harm reduction services including supervised injection services into a licensed 24-hour specialized HIV/AIDS nursing care facility: A necessary component of the continuum of HIV/AIDS housing and health care for people living with HIV/AIDS who use illicit drugs and face other physical and mental health challenges AUTHOR NAMES Baltzer Turje R. Davis M. McDougall P. Payne M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baltzer Turje R.; Davis M.; McDougall P.; Payne M.) Vancouver, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Baltzer Turje, Vancouver, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology (2013) 24 SUPPL. SA (88A). Date of Publication: Spring 2013 CONFERENCE NAME 22nd Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research, CAHR 2013 CONFERENCE LOCATION Vancouver, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2013-04-11 to 2013-04-14 ISSN 1712-9532 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT Issue: While some Canadian jurisdictions have a broad range of supportive housing and care options for people living with HIV/AIDS, currently there is only one facility in one jurisdiction (the Dr. Peter Centre [DPC] Residence in Vancouver, BC) that incorporates supervised injection service into its wide range of harm reduction strategies and services to meet the complex needs of people living with HIV/AIDS who use illicit drugs and face other physical and mental health challenges. Case Study: The DPC Residence is a not-for-profit licensed HIV/ AIDS health care facility providing 24 h specialized nursing care for residents who have complex health issues in addition to HIV/AIDS including mental illness, active addiction, and cognitive impairment, as well as long standing issues due to experiences of social isolation, poverty and homelessness or substandard housing. In 2002, the DPC Residence revised its harm reduction policy to incorporate supervised injection service after confirmation by the Registered Nurses Association of British Columbia (now the College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia) that the supervision of injections for the purposes of preventing illness and promoting health by registered nurses included nurses in the DPC Residence. Lessons Learned: This residential care model that incorporates a broad range of harm reduction strategies and services is effective in retaining individuals in care, sustaining their adherence to treatment (such as antiretroviral therapies), and improving health outcomes (such as CD4 counts and viral loads). This demonstrates the value of this residential care model as part of the necessary continuum of housing and care for this vulnerable population. Policy Recommendation : A continuum of housing and care for this vulnerable population needs to include 24 h specialized residential care that incorporates a broad range of harm reduction strategies and services, including supervised injection service. Ensuring the continuum includes this component could reduce the health and social inequities faced by this population, and improve acute health care utilization. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) illicit drug EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS CD4 antigen EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Canadian harm reduction health care housing human injection mental health nursing care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acquired immune deficiency syndrome addiction Canada case study cognitive defect college diseases health health care facility health care utilization homelessness mental disease model nurse patient compliance policy population poverty profit registered nurse residential care social isolation therapy virus load vulnerable population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 223 TITLE Using Simulation to Teach Child Injury Prevention to Mothers Recovering from Substance Abuse AUTHOR NAMES Bultas M.W. Curtis M.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bultas M.W., mbultas@slu.edu) St. Louis University, School of Nursing, 3525 Caroline Street, St. Louis, MO 63104, United States. (Curtis M.P.) Goldfarb School of Nursing at Barnes Jewish College, St. Louis, MO, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. W. Bultas, Email: mbultas@slu.edu SOURCE Journal of Community Health Nursing (2013) 30:3 (155-163). Date of Publication: July 2013 ISSN 0737-0016 ABSTRACT A paucity of literature regarding strategies for injury prevention in children for mothers with substance abuse exists. Substance abuse propagates distractions such as inattention; therefore, these mothers should be targeted for injury prevention education. A quasi-experimental design compared the results of traditional classroom teaching with an innovative home hazard simulation activity to teach injury prevention to mothers recovering from substance abuse. Study results identified a need to employ multiple modalities when teaching injury prevention. Information obtained from this research suggests a need for continued study and adaptation of current teaching strategies for injury prevention education in other high-risk populations. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction injury (prevention) mother patient education teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child community health nursing female human methodology psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23879581 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23879581) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07370016.2013.806720 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 224 TITLE Health screening dialouges. AUTHOR NAMES Swarbrick M.A. Cook J. Razzano L. Yudof J. Cohn J. Fitzgerald C. Redman B. Costa M. Carter T. Burke K. Yost C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swarbrick M.A.; Cook J.; Razzano L.; Yudof J.; Cohn J.; Fitzgerald C.; Redman B.; Costa M.; Carter T.; Burke K.; Yost C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Swarbrick, SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (2013) 51:12 (22-28). Date of Publication: Dec 2013 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT Nurses can play an important role in community-based health screenings, which are a practical resource to empower people living with mental and substance use disorders to make positive lifestyle changes. The experiences, struggles, and strengths of screening participants provides insights for nurses to engage people in health and wellness dialogues. Copyright 2013, SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion mental disease (diagnosis) mental health service psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis) article female human lifestyle male methodology middle aged nurse attitude psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24102839 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24102839) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 225 TITLE An interview with Lynn M. Oswald, PhD, RN. AUTHOR NAMES Oswald L.M. Kverno K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Oswald L.M.; Kverno K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Oswald, SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:2 (123-125). Date of Publication: 2013 Apr-Jun ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article brain child disease predisposition financial management human interview nursing pathophysiology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24621492 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24621492) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e31829297d5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 226 TITLE Current state of psychiatry in Saudi Arabia AUTHOR NAMES Koenig H. Al Zaben F. Sehlo M. Khalifa D. Al Ahwal M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Koenig H., Harold.Koenig@duke.edu) Duke University Medical Center, Box 3400, Durham, NC 27710, United States. (Koenig H., Harold.Koenig@duke.edu; Al Zaben F.; Sehlo M.; Khalifa D.; Al Ahwal M.) King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. (Sehlo M.) Zagazig University, Egypt. (Khalifa D.) Ain Shams University, Egypt. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Koenig, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3400, Durham, NC 27710, United States. Email: Harold.Koenig@duke.edu SOURCE International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine (2013) 46:3 (223-242). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2013 ISSN 0091-2174 1541-3527 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Baywood Publishing Co. Inc., 26 Austin Avenue, P.O. Box 337, Amityville, United States. ABSTRACT Background: In 1983, an article and accompanying editorial was published on the state of psychiatry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), which was described as "a mental health system in statu nascendi." Methods: We provide a 30-year update on advances in mental health care in KSA. Data are reported from a wide range of sources, including the 2007 Saudi Arabian Mental and Social Health Atlas, which compares services in KSA with the rest of the world. Results: We examine how the current mental health system operates in KSA, including recent changes in mental healthcare policy and development of a national mental healthcare plan. Discussed are current needs based on the prevalence and recognition of mental disorders; availability of services and providers (psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, psychologists, and social workers); education and training in psychiatry; developments in consultation-liaison, addictions, child-adolescent, and geriatric psychiatry; and progress in mental health research. Conclusions: Mental healthcare in Saudi Arabia has come a long way in a very short time, despite cultural, religious, social, and political challenges, although there still remain areas where improvement is needed. The development of psychiatry in KSA serves as a model for countries in the Middle East and around the world. © 2013, Baywood Publishing Co., Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychiatry Saudi Arabia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article consultation development education gerontopsychiatry health care policy human liaison psychiatry mental disease mental health mental health care mental health research Middle East nonhuman nurse prevalence psychiatrist recognition religion social aspect social work training EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2014120652 MEDLINE PMID 24741832 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24741832) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/PM.46.3.a COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 227 TITLE Potential underuse of analgesics for recognized pain in nursing home residents with dementia: A cross-sectional study AUTHOR NAMES De Souto Barreto P. Lapeyre-Mestre M. Vellas B. Rolland Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (De Souto Barreto P., philipebarreto81@yahoo.com.br; Vellas B.; Rolland Y.) Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), 37, Allées Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France. (De Souto Barreto P., philipebarreto81@yahoo.com.br) UMR7268 Aix-Marseille University, Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Bioculturelle, Droit, Éthique et Santé, Marseille, France. (Lapeyre-Mestre M.; Vellas B.; Rolland Y.) UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France. (Lapeyre-Mestre M.) Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, CHU de Toulouse, 37 Allees Jules Guesde, F-31000 Toulouse, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. De Souto Barreto, Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), 37, Allées Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse, France. Email: philipebarreto81@yahoo.com.br SOURCE Pain (2013) 154:11 (2427-2431). Date of Publication: November 2013 ISSN 1872-6623 (electronic) 0304-3959 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT The expression of pain is altered in people with dementia (PWD), increasing the risk of undertreatment in that population. The objective of this study was to determine whether dementia and the absence of pain assessment in the patients' medical chart reduced the probability of analgesic use in a large sample of nursing home (NH) residents. This is a cross-sectional study using data from 6275 residents (mean age 86 ± 8.2 years; 73.7% women) from 175 NHs located in France. Information on residents' health status (including dementia and pain assessment) and NHs' structure and organisation were recorded by the NH staff. The NH staff sent to the research team drug prescriptions participants were taking. They were screened for the use of analgesics (dependent variable) and other medications potentially used for pain management. The prevalence of analgesic use was 46.8% (42.3% for PWD and 52% for people with no dementia). A binary logistic regression showed that PWD (odds ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.66-0.85) and those who had no pain assessment records (odds ratio 0.64; 95% confidence interval 0.53-0.79) had significant lower probabilities of taking analgesics; these results were independent of pain complaints. Results remained fairly unchanged after performing several sensitivity analyses. Our results suggest that improvements are needed in pain management in NHs, particularly for PWD. Implementing systematic evaluations of pain in NHs' routine would contribute to a better management of pain, which can lead to important benefits for residents. © 2013 International Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anticonvulsive agent antidepressant agent anxiolytic agent atypical antipsychotic agent codeine (drug combination, drug therapy) dextropropoxyphene (drug combination, drug therapy) fentanyl (drug therapy, transdermal drug administration) hypnotic sedative agent morphine (drug therapy) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent paracetamol (drug combination, drug therapy) tramadol (drug combination, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia drug use nursing home patient pain (drug therapy, drug therapy) undertreatment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged analgesia article cross-sectional study drug misuse female France health care organization health status human inappropriate prescribing major clinical study male medical record nursing home nursing home personnel pain assessment prescription prevalence priority journal sensitivity analysis CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS codeine (76-57-3) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) fentanyl (437-38-7) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) paracetamol (103-90-2) tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01703689) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013673079 MEDLINE PMID 23872102 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23872102) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.017 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 228 TITLE SBIRT goes to college: interdisciplinary screening for alcohol use AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M. Himmel J. Ellis P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.; Himmel J.; Ellis P.) Madeline Naegle, PhD, CNS-PMH, BC, FAAN, New York University, New York. Joy Himmel, Psy.D., PMHCNS-BC, LPC, NCC, Penn State University Altoona, Pennsylvania. Patricia Ellis, MSN, FNP, BC, St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:1 (45-50). Date of Publication: 2013 Jan-Mar ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Although risky/harmful drinking, in the form of binge drinking, remains a national problem, only recently have health services in universities systematically screened for drinking, drug use, and smoking. This article recounts "lessons learned" in two nurse-directed, interdisciplinary health services, which adapted the National College Depression Partnership model to include screening and brief intervention (SBIRT) for risky/harmful alcohol use in the form of binge drinking. Using a planned change model, nurse leaders worked with university administrators, providers, and health service staff to screen all students seeking health services for risky drinking. The outcomes suggest that this process may increase staff and student awareness of the importance of alcohol consumption to health, show the ease of using SBIRT screening along with standard screening tools, and yield information on the normalization of high-risk drinking in collegiate settings. Project findings indicate that common perceptions in college students minimize negative outcomes and stress the importance of additional quality assurance initiatives that review the efficacy of combinations of standardized screening tools. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS ascorbic acid colecalciferol HUM 5007 nicotinic acid derivative plant extract prasterone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) diagnosis patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analogs and derivatives binge drinking female health service human male nursing organization and management procedures program development psychology student substance abuse therapy university CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS ascorbic acid (134-03-2, 15421-15-5, 50-81-7) colecalciferol (1406-16-2, 67-97-0) prasterone (53-43-0) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 24622529 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24622529) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e31828768cb COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 229 TITLE A tailored curriculum of alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for nurses in inpatient settings. AUTHOR NAMES Broyles L.M. Kraemer K.L. Kengor C. Gordon A.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Broyles L.M.) Lauren M. Boyles, PhD, RN, and Adam J. Gordon, MD, MPH, Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, and Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pennsylvania. (Kraemer K.L.; Kengor C.; Gordon A.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Broyles, SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:3 (130-141). Date of Publication: 2013 Jul-Sep ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT A package of clinical strategies known as alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is increasingly recommended for reducing unhealthy alcohol use, the spectrum of alcohol consumption from at-risk drinking (defined as consumption above recommended guidelines) to alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. The United States' Joint Commission issued new SBIRT-related hospital accreditation measures for alcohol. Ongoing initiatives aim to promote, support, and sustain SBIRT implementation in hospital settings. In hospital settings, nurse-delivered SBIRT may be a particularly viable and efficient model for SBIRT implementation. However, like physicians, most nurses have not been trained in how to perform SBIRT, and few authors have described alcohol-related curricula specifically for nurses. In addition, historical differences in nurse and physician professional scopes of practice, role perceptions, and patterns of care delivery suggest the need for effective SBIRT initial and continuing education and training that are tailored to the nursing profession and inpatient environments. In this article, we provide an in-depth description of the registered nurse SBIRT curriculum and describe its development and contents as well as various nurse- and setting-specific adaptations. In addition, we describe how we engaged nursing stakeholders in the development and implementation of the curriculum and discuss potential implications for future SBIRT training and delivery by nurses. SBIRT continuing education and training for nurses represents one of the first steps in expanded SBIRT implementation. Comprehensive workforce and organizational development of inpatient and nurse-delivered SBIRT may provide the means to address the entire spectrum of unhealthy alcohol use across healthcare settings. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, therapy) curriculum hospital patient malpractice nursing staff patient referral EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human theoretical model United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24621542 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24621542) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e3182a4cb0b COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 230 TITLE Making a difference: Nursing scholarship and leadership in tobacco control AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Bialous S.A. Chan S.S.C. Hollen P. O'Connell K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L., lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. (Bialous S.A.) Tobacco Policy International, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Chan S.S.C.) School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. (Hollen P.) Oncology Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. (O'Connell K.A.) Nursing Education, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, University of California, School of Nursing, 700 Tiverton Ave, Box 956918, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. Email: lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu SOURCE Nursing Outlook (2013) 61:1 (31-42). Date of Publication: January 2013 ISSN 0029-6554 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, United States. ABSTRACT This report from members of the Health Behavior Expert Panel of the American Academy of Nursing (AAN) provides an overview of nurse-led scholarship in tobacco control. We reviewed published reviews of nurse-led studies in the field. The synthesis includes theory development, methodological approaches, studies focused on prevention of tobacco use, nursing interventions for tobacco dependence including studies with selected populations, investigations to reduce secondhand smoke, and studies of health care systems and policy. Gaps in the literature provided direction for stimulating nursing science, accelerating adoption of evidence-based recommendations in practice, expanding nursing education, and increasing nursing visibility and influence in health care policy efforts. The AAN is positioned to maximize nursing leadership in this effort. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing passive smoking (prevention) smoking (prevention) tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human leadership nurse attitude nursing research LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22819635 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819635) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2012.05.007 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 231 TITLE Perceptions of health equity and subjective social status among baccalaureate nursing students engaged in service-learning activities in Hawai'i. AUTHOR NAMES Thompson L.M. Jarvis S. Sparacino P. Kuo D. Genz S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thompson L.M.) Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA (L.M.T., P.S.). (Jarvis S.; Sparacino P.; Kuo D.; Genz S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Thompson, SOURCE Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health : a journal of Asia Pacific Medicine & Public Health (2013) 72:10 (339-345). Date of Publication: Oct 2013 ISSN 2165-8242 (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to measure undergraduate students' knowledge of social determinants of health, health equity, and subjective social status (SSS). A cross-sectional semi-structured survey was administered to 68 racially/ethnically diverse freshman students enrolled in a baccalaureate nursing program in O'ahu, Hawai'i. Students ranked the impact of 13 issues on Hawai'i residents' health and described how well the health care system addressed these issues. A 10-rung ladder was used to rank SSS; students marked an "X" on the ladder rung where they stand in society and explained what they would need to "move up or down" the ladder. The students identified three key issues that adversely impact health: substance abuse, diet/nutrition, and cancer. Sixty-nine percent of students stated that social determinants of health impact Hawai'i residents' health either "quite a bit" or "very much", while only 31% felt that the health care system adequately addressed these determinants. Students who ranked high on the ladder (rungs 6-10) cited family as the reason. The students who ranked low on the ladder (rungs 3-5) credited their position to lack of money. Students' perceptions of social determinants of health and health equity align with findings from public health studies in Hawai'i. These concepts were integrated into the 4-year nursing school curricula and findings inform future research and service-based learning activities conducted by the students. While findings presented here focus on nursing students in Hawai'i, this educational innovation could be replicated with students in other undergraduate health sciences programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health disparity nursing student social class EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study female health service human male middle aged nursing education perception psychological aspect United States young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24167767 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24167767) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 232 TITLE Risk Taking in First and Second Generation Afro-Caribbean Adolescents: An Emerging Challenge for School Nurses AUTHOR NAMES Jolly K. Archibald C. Liehr P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jolly K.; Archibald C., archibal@fau.edu; Liehr P.) Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Archibald, Email: archibal@fau.edu SOURCE Journal of School Nursing (2013) 29:5 (353-360). Date of Publication: October 2013 ISSN 1546-8364 (electronic) 1059-8405 ABSTRACT School nurses are well positioned to address risk-taking behaviors for adolescents in their care. The purpose of this mixed-method exploratory study was to explore risk taking in Afro-Caribbean adolescents in South Florida, comparing first- to second-generation adolescents. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from an immigrant group using the adolescent risk-taking instrument to evaluate risk-taking attitudes, behaviors, and self-described riskiest activities. One-hundred and six adolescents participated; 44% were first generation Afro-Caribbean. Data analysis included analysis of variance, frequencies, and content analysis. There were no differences in risk-taking attitudes; smaller percentages of first generation Afro-Caribbean adolescents reported sexual activity, substance use, and violence. Over one third of the sample, regardless of generational status, reported alcohol use, but did not note alcohol or other health-compromising behaviors as "riskiest" activities. It is important to better understand Afro-Caribbean adolescents' perspectives about risky behaviors, and school-based venues offer the best promise for reaching these adolescents. © The Author(s) 2013. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent behavior health behavior high risk behavior school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) adolescent adolescents African Caribbean analysis of variance article attitude to health Behaviors Central America (epidemiology) ethnology female human male methodology migrant psychological aspect risk sexual behavior statistics United States violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23358788 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23358788) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840513475819 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 233 TITLE Alcohol consumption and risky sexual practices: The pattern of nursing students from the Spanish University AUTHOR NAMES Gil-García E. Martini J.G. Porcel-Gálvez A.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gil-García E.; Porcel-Gálvez A.M.) Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain. (Martini J.G., jussarague@gmail.com) Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. G. Martini, Email: jussarague@gmail.com SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2013) 21:4 (941-947). Date of Publication: January/February 2013 ISSN 0104-1169 ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the prevalence of substance abuse and unsafe sexual practices and to analyze the relationship between them, in nursing students at the University of Seville. Method: quantitative methodological approach with a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population was composed of first year nursing students in the University of Seville, during the academic year 2010-2011 (N=510), with consecutive opportunistic sampling composed of students who attended class on the scheduled day (n=291). Results: a high prevalence of alcohol consumption, and increased likelihood of not using protective measures during sexual practices when alcohol had been consumed, was present. Conclusion: these findings are consistent with those obtained in the same population in Brazil, and highlight the need to strengthen in the nursing curriculum, the transverse axis related to the prevention of substance abuse, especially alcohol. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) nursing student unsafe sex EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study female human male middle aged prevalence questionnaire Spain statistics university young adult LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23970232 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970232) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692013000400016 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 234 TITLE Smoking behaviour and attitudes among German nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Vitzthum K. Koch F. Groneberg D.A. Kusma B. Mache S. Marx P. Hartmann T. Pankow W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vitzthum K., karin.vitzthum@charite.de; Koch F.; Groneberg D.A.; Mache S.) Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Free University and Humboldt-University Berlin, Thielallee 69-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany. (Vitzthum K., karin.vitzthum@charite.de; Groneberg D.A.; Kusma B.; Mache S.) Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. (Mache S.) Medical Clinic for Psychosomatics, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Free University Berlin and Humboldt-University Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany. (Koch F.; Hartmann T.) College Magdeburg-Stendal, Department of Social- and Healthcare Studies, Breitscheidstraße 2, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany. (Vitzthum K., karin.vitzthum@charite.de; Pankow W.) Vivantes - Network for Health, Clinic for Pneumology and Institute for Tobacco Cessation and Smoking Prevention, Rudower Straße 48, 12351 Berlin, Germany. (Marx P.) Pfizer Germany GmbH, Linkstraße 10, 10785 Berlin, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Vitzthum, Email: karin.vitzthum@charite.de SOURCE Nurse Education in Practice (2013) 13:5 (407-412). Date of Publication: September 2013 ISSN 1471-5953 ABSTRACT Tobacco consumption is a major public health threat. Healthcare workers can contribute to the reduction of tobacco use. The principles of intervention need to be provided already during vocational school. This research examines the smoking habits, the personal attitudes towards smoking and the professional beliefs of healthcare trainees. The aim of this study is to ascertain the necessity and the general conditions for multilevel interventions of prevention and health promotion. In 2010, a questionnaire survey was conducted in a Berlin vocational school for healthcare workers. Of 148 students (RR=49.3%) 41.9% of the students are daily or occasional smokers. The nicotine dependency and the number of cigarettes per day are comparatively low. The majority of smoking students is willing to quit and has already undertaken several attempts. Non-smoking protection is evaluated to be very important and intervention rates in patient care range between 49% and 72%. In both questions, non-smokers and smokers differ significantly. The self-reported smoking prevalence in our population is considerably lower than in previous studies. However, the smoking rate among healthcare trainees is still higher than in the general population. The students' own smoking behaviours and its influences on the treatment of patients should be reflected during school. It is necessary to develop adequate recruitment strategies and attractive interventions for this target group. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude nursing student passive smoking (prevention) smoking (epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study female Germany (epidemiology) human male Non-smoker protection prevalence smoke Stage of change statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23320964 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23320964) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.12.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 235 TITLE Tobacco intervention practices of postsecondary campus nurses in Ontario AUTHOR NAMES Lawrance K.-A.G. Travis H.E. Lawler S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lawrance K.-A.G.) Community Health Sciences Department, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada. (Travis H.E.; Lawler S.A.) Leave the Pack Behind, Community Health Sciences Department, Brock University, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.-A.G. Lawrance, Community Health Sciences Department, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2012) 44:4 (142-159). Date of Publication: December 2012 ISSN 0844-5621 BOOK PUBLISHER McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University St Montreal, PQ, H3 A 2A7, Canada. ABSTRACT Cessation interventions offered by nurses to postsecondary students could represent an important strategy for reducing smoking among young adults. This study examines how nurses working in campus health clinics identify smokers and provide cessation support. Of 108 nurses working at 16 universities in the Canadian province of Ontario, 83 completed a researcher-designed questionnaire. Of these, 8.2% asked almost all patients about their tobacco use and 27.4% asked almost none; 83.1% advised identified smokers to quit, 63.9% offered them assistance, and 59.0% arranged follow-up visits. Smoking was most often assessed during patient visits for respiratory or cardiovascular concerns. Assistance most often involved referral of smokers to other professionals or services. A government-funded tobacco control initiative implemented on 10 of the 16 campuses had limited influence on whether nurses assessed tobacco use and advised cessation. Education and support may be needed to improve the frequency and quality of tobacco interventions provided by nurses working on postsecondary campuses. © Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking cessation student tobacco dependence (therapy) university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Canada clinical nursing research female human male methodology middle aged nursing questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French MEDLINE PMID 23448080 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23448080) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 236 TITLE Dual diagnosis, as described by those who experience the disorder: Using the Internet as a source of data AUTHOR NAMES Edward K.-L. Robins A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Edward K.-L., karen-leigh.edward@acu.edu.au) School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, St Vincent's Private (Melbourne) Nursing Research Unit, St Vincent's Private Hospital, Australia. (Robins A.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.-L. Edward, Australian Catholic University, St Vincent's Private (Melbourne) Nursing Research Unit, St Patrick's Campus, VECCI Building Locked Bag 4115, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia. Email: karen-leigh.edward@acu.edu.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2012) 21:6 (550-559). Date of Publication: December 2012 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT The complexity of providing treatment for people with dual diagnosis is well recognized. For the purpose of this paper, the World Health Organization definition of dual diagnosis was used; that is, a person diagnosed with an alcohol or drug use problem in addition to mental illness. This research explored the personal narratives of those who experience dual diagnosis using the Internet as a data source. An important consideration in using the Internet as a data source was that Web forums can offer a sense of anonymity, allowing people to share very detailed and personal information, and providing a rich source of qualitative data. The results produced five emergent themes: spiralling out of control - again!, getting help and giving support, treating both the addiction and mental illness, having meaning and being active, and being honest with self and others. The results indicate that individuals who experience dual diagnosis are often left to navigate their personal treatment requirements across two diverse systems, and were generally not satisfied with the conflictual advice received across these two systems (i.e. alcohol and other drug and mental health services). This study has produced valuable insights related to consumer-perceived service barriers and enablers. © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychiatric diagnosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) article human Internet literature mental disease (therapy) peer group psychological aspect social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22830579 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22830579) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00833.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 237 TITLE "And mostly they have a need for sleeping pills": Physicians' views on treatment of sleep disorders with drugs in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Flick U. Garms-Homolová V. Röhnsch G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Flick U., flick@asfh-berlin.de; Garms-Homolová V.; Röhnsch G.) Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany. (Flick U., flick@asfh-berlin.de) University of Vienna, Austria. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS U. Flick, Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, Germany. Email: flick@asfh-berlin.de SOURCE Journal of Aging Studies (2012) 26:4 (484-494). Date of Publication: December 2012 ISSN 0890-4065 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The percentage of nursing home residents treated with hypnotic medications is high, as many authors report, despite the fact that such medications are almost always associated with undesirable effects for old people. This article takes a closer look at nursing home physicians' views of prescriptions when treating sleep disorders of nursing home residents. How do physicians characterize the treatment strategy for residents suffering from sleep disorders? How do they balance the benefits and risks of the hypnotic medication? Under what circumstances do they accept negative consequences? To answer these questions, N = 20 physicians (aged 36 to 68. years) in 16 nursing homes in a German city were interviewed. The physicians were either employed by nursing homes or worked on a contract basis. Comparative categorization of the data produced a typology across cases. Three interpretative patterns concerning the use of drugs for treating sleep disorders were identified - "by request," "ambivalence," and "reflected prescription." Differences between them were determined by the significance of residents' wishes, neglect of risks, particularly that of addiction, and the attempt to balance benefits and disadvantages. The study showed deficits in professional management of sleep disorders in nursing homes. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hypnotic sedative agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) ageism health personnel attitude home for the aged nursing home sleep disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) social psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology, prevention) aged article circadian rhythm sleep disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) clinical practice cross-sectional study doctor patient relation drug utilization female Germany human insomnia (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) lifestyle male nursing patient satisfaction psychological aspect risk assessment social environment somnolence (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) statistics wakefulness LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22939545 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22939545) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2012.07.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 238 TITLE Utilizing clinical support staff and electronic health records to increase tobacco use documentation and referrals to a state quitline AUTHOR NAMES Greenwood D.A. Parise C.A. MacAller T.A. Hankins A.I. Harms K.R. Pratt L.S. Olveda J.E. Buss K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Greenwood D.A., greenwd@sutterhealth.org; Pratt L.S.; Olveda J.E.; Buss K.A.) Sutter Medical Foundation, Sacramento, CA, United States. (Parise C.A.; Hankins A.I.) Sutter Institute for Medical Research, Sacramento, CA, United States. (MacAller T.A.) California Diabetes Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Harms K.R.) Moores University of California San Diego Cancer Center, San Diego, CA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.A. Greenwood, Sutter Medical Foundation, 3100 Douglas Boulevard, Suite 204, Roseville, CA 95661, United States. Email: greenwd@sutterhealth.org SOURCE Journal of Vascular Nursing (2012) 30:4 (107-111). Date of Publication: December 2012 ISSN 1062-0303 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, United States. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine if incorporation of a workflow in the electronic health record (EHR) that empowered medical assistants (MA) to become tobacco-cessation promoters, would increase tobacco documentation and referral for cessation counseling. MAs in three primary care centers were trained to ask every patient, at every visit, about tobacco use then document this status in the EHR. Patients ready to quit were electronically referred to the quitline for tobacco cessation counseling. Documentation of tobacco status, ongoing verification of tobacco use, and chief complaint recording was compared before and after the intervention. Logistic regression analysis indicated that after adjusting for differences between care centers, there were increased odds in initial documentation (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.42 - 1.62) and ongoing verification (OR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.42 - 1.62) in 2010 in comparison with 2009. Recording of tobacco cessation as the chief complaint in current smokers increased 91% (OR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.56 - 2.34). Documentation and referrals for smoking cessation can be increased in organizations using EHR by empowering MAs to promote tobacco cessation and providing electronic referral options. © 2012 Society for Vascular Nursing, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) electronic medical record health promotion information processing nurse attitude smoking cessation tobacco dependence (diagnosis) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male methodology nursing patient referral smoking (prevention) statistical model statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23127426 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23127426) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvn.2012.04.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 239 TITLE A pharmacist-conducted medication review in nursing home residents: Impact on the appropriateness of prescribing AUTHOR NAMES Verrue C. Mehuys E. Boussery K. Adriaens E. Remon J.P. Petrovic M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Verrue C.; Mehuys E., els.mehuys@ugent.be; Boussery K.; Adriaens E.; Remon J.P.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Ghent University, Belgium. (Petrovic M.) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Mehuys, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Unit, Ghent University, Belgium. Email: els.mehuys@ugent.be SOURCE Acta Clinica Belgica (2012) 67:6 (423-429). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 0001-5512 BOOK PUBLISHER Acta Clinica Belgica, De Pintelaan 185, UZ Gent, Belgium. ABSTRACT Medication use in nursing homes is often suboptimal. This study investigated the impact of a pharmacist-conducted medication review on the appropriateness of pre-scribing for Belgian nursing home residents. We conducted a 6-month controlled, non-randomized study in two nursing homes (one intervention and one control nursing home). Sixty-nine residents completed the study in the intervention group (92 residents were included). For the control group, that were 79 residents (100 residents were included). Primary outcome was the appropriateness of prescribing, assessed by a set of validated quality indicators. At baseline, this study detected three main problems associated with the appropriateness of medication use: (i) the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) could be improved (continuation of no longer indicated medication was the most common problem), (ii) potential overuse was present in about half of the group, and (iii) potential underuse was present in about 30% of the sample. Despite this, our pharmacist-conducted medication review only modestly improved the appropriateness of prescribing. This may be attributed to the low implementation rate of the pharmacist recommendations. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cardiovascular agent central nervous system agents gastrointestinal agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use nursing home patient pharmacist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article clinical pharmacy controlled study drug abuse drug cost female general practitioner human male treatment duration EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013694900 MEDLINE PMID 23340148 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23340148) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ACB.67.6.2062707 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 240 TITLE Enquiries into cigarette smoking habits of university students ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Üniversite öǧrencilerinde sigara ali{dotless}şkanli{dotless}ǧi{dotless}ni{dotless}n Sorgulanmasi{dotless} AUTHOR NAMES Yüksel S. Cücen Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yüksel S., syuksel@fatih.edu.tr; Cücen Z.) Fatih Üniversitesi Saǧlik Bilimleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Ankara, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Yüksel, Fatih Üniversitesi Saǧlik Bilimleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Ankara, Turkey. Email: syuksel@fatih.edu.tr SOURCE Turk Toraks Dergisi (2012) 13:4 (169-173). Date of Publication: December 2012 ISSN 1302-7808 1308-5387 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER AVES Publishing Co., Kizilelma CAD. 5/3, Findikzade- Istanbul, Turkey. ABSTRACT Objective: Currently, the most commonly used tobacco products are cigarettes. In various studies, the ages of starting to smoke and becoming dependent are often identified as high school and college ages. We organized a series of activities related with smoking on May 31 due to "The world no-smoking day", at Ankara Campus of Fatih University. Our goal was to draw attention to the "harmful effects of smoking", as well as to the Law No. 5727, which was to be put into effect as of July 2009, and we also aimed at encouraging our students to quit smoking. Material and Methods: For this purpose, a questionnaire was administered, followed by a seminar and a campaign called "Campaign with prize to quit smoking" was organized. A questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was administered to students at the end of March in 2009. A total of 493 people participated in the survey. Results: Four hundred ninety-three students participated in the survey. 41.6% of participants (n=205) were male. Participants' smoking rate was 43.2% (n=207). Age, sex, graduation, parent education, cohabitation with family and sibling smoking status were evaluated. Most non-smokers were in the 19-20 years old group, whereas regular smokers were in the 20-21 years old group. 70.9% of nonsmokers were female, 21.9% of regular smokers were male. Among regular smokers, students who graduated from science high schools were the least regular smokers. Having a sibling (especially first and second sibling) who is a regular smoker significantly increased the risk of cigarette smoking. Between the departments, "Nursing School" students have high rates of never smokers. The highest rate of regular smokers has been found in the "Business Management" and "Medical Imaging Techniques" programs. Conclusion: In addition to taking legal measures to prevent young people frombeginning to smoke, continuing education programs are important. If necessary, support by specialists should be provided. Awareness of the each of the students studying in health departments should be promoted so that they will become health care providers. Besides, during their education, they should be taught that they will become a role model in the public as health providers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking habit university student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult age article awareness education program family female human male questionnaire risk factor sex smoking cessation EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Turkish LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Turkish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013027504 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/ttd.2012.35 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 241 TITLE Rational drug use awareness of the nurses in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Near East University Hospital ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Kuzey Ki{dotless}bri{dotless}s Türk Cumhuriyeti Yaki{dotless}n Doǧu Üniversitesi Hastanesi'ndeki hemşirelerin aki{dotless}lci{dotless} ilaç kullani{dotless}mi{dotless} konusundaki farki{dotless}ndali{dotless}ǧi{dotless} AUTHOR NAMES Toklu H.Z. Demirdamar R. Gümüşel B. Yariş E. Dülger G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com; Dülger G.) Marmara University, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey. (Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com; Demirdamar R.; Gümüşel B.) Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus. (Gümüşel B.) Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. (Yariş E.) Karadeniz Technical University, School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Z. Toklu, Marmara University, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey. Email: haletoklu@yahoo.com SOURCE Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal (2012) 16:2 (150-154). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 1309-0801 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Marmara University, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Turkey. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Irrational use of drugs cause a serious economical burden for many countries. Rational drug use RDU requires a teamwork of health providers. Prescribers, pharmacists and nurses have an important role in RDU. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of the nurses about RDU. METHODS: The present study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of the 44 nurses (who consented to participate in the study) in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (T.R.N.C.) Near East University Hospital towards rational drug use. RESULTS: All the nurses were female with an average age of 38 ± 13. Half of them had high school degree, 11.4% associate degree and 38.6 bachelor degree. Average experience in nursing was 16 ± 12 years. Seventy seven percent of the nurses told that they did not know the RUD. The most common problems about order/prescription was claimed to be illegible order/prescription (76.7%), unavailability of the drug in the market/ hospital pharmacy stocks (37.5%), missing instructions (46.2%), dosing error (24.4%), inappropriate pharmaceutical form (8.8%). The nurses stated that they consulted physicians (97.8%) or their colleagues (89.2%) in case of a drug related problem. Also they stated that they generally informed patients about the time of drug administration (when to take the drug- before or after a meal), while they informed patients about drug/ nutrient interactions. Eighty percent told that they were satisfied by the way they practiced their profession and 96% said they would be willing to attend a training course about RDU. CONCLUSION: Our survey results demonstrated a need for educational program on RDU for nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) awareness drug use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article drug bioavailability drug information education female hospital pharmacy human job satisfaction medical error nurse prescription questionnaire Turkey (republic) university hospital work experience EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Turkish LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Turkish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013579012 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.12991/201216413 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 242 TITLE Validation of a computer case definition for sudden cardiac death in opioid users. AUTHOR NAMES Kawai V.K. Murray K.T. Stein C.M. Cooper W.O. Graham D.J. Hall K. Ray W.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kawai V.K.) Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. (Murray K.T.; Stein C.M.; Cooper W.O.; Graham D.J.; Hall K.; Ray W.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.K. Kawai, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. SOURCE BMC research notes (2012) 5 (473). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 1756-0500 (electronic) ABSTRACT To facilitate the use of automated databases for studies of sudden cardiac death, we previously developed a computerized case definition that had a positive predictive value between 86% and 88%. However, the definition has not been specifically validated for prescription opioid users, for whom out-of-hospital overdose deaths may be difficult to distinguish from sudden cardiac death. We assembled a cohort of persons 30-74 years of age prescribed propoxyphene or hydrocodone who had no life-threatening non-cardiovascular illness, diagnosed drug abuse, residence in a nursing home in the past year, or hospital stay within the past 30 days. Medical records were sought for a sample of 140 cohort deaths within 30 days of a prescription fill meeting the computer case definition. Of the 140 sampled deaths, 81 were adjudicated; 73 (90%) were sudden cardiac deaths. Two deaths had possible opioid overdose; after removing these two the positive predictive value was 88%. These findings are consistent with our previous validation studies and suggest the computer case definition of sudden cardiac death is a useful tool for pharmacoepidemiologic studies of opioid analgesics. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction) hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) electronic medical record sudden cardiac death (etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article cohort analysis computer assisted diagnosis human methodology middle aged predictive value reproducibility statistics validation study CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22938531 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22938531) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 243 TITLE Web-based SBIRT skills training for health professional students and primary care providers. AUTHOR NAMES Tanner T.B. Wilhelm S.E. Rossie K.M. Metcalf M.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tanner T.B.) Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA. (Wilhelm S.E.; Rossie K.M.; Metcalf M.P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.B. Tanner, Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, USA. SOURCE Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2012) 33:3 (316-320). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 1547-0164 (electronic) ABSTRACT The authors have developed and assessed 2 innovative, case-based, interactive training programs on substance abuse, one for health professional students on alcohol and one for primary care providers on screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT). Both programs build skills in substance abuse SBIRT. Real-world effectiveness trials involving medical students (n = 10) and nursing students (n = 60) were completed; trials involving primary care providers (n = 65) are in progress during 2011. Medical students and nursing students had similarly low baseline scores on assessments that benefited from training: knowledge, confidence, and clinical performance measured via an online standardized patient case and encounter note all improved post-training. Preliminary results indicate that practicing providers improved on knowledge, attitude, and brief intervention skill performance after a similar training. Results suggest that SBIRT skills can be improved with this model for case-based interactive training programs, and thus, that this training has the potential to impact patient outcomes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction clinical competence health care personnel Internet patient referral primary health care psychotherapy substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education evaluation study human medical education methodology nursing education program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22738013 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22738013) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2011.640151 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 244 TITLE Mental health behaviours among undergraduate nursing students: Issues for consideration AUTHOR NAMES Cleary M. Horsfall J. Baines J. Happell B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cleary M., michelle_cleary@nuhs.edu.sg) Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore. (Horsfall J.; Baines J.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC NSW 1797, Australia. (Happell B.) Institute of Health and Social Science Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, CQ University, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Cleary, Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Level 2, Block MD11, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore, Singapore. Email: michelle_cleary@nuhs.edu.sg SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2012) 32:8 (951-955). Date of Publication: November 2012 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT It is clear that many university students across all disciplines (including nursing) experience a diverse range of intrapersonal and interpersonal difficulties. Some students are exposed to circumstances and expectations that may place them at risk for mental health or substance use disorders or exacerbate pre-existing problems. Research shows increasing rates of diagnosable mental health conditions such as substance use disorders, depression, personality disorders, and behavioural challenges that present themselves while students are undertaking their university education. It is therefore important that nurse educators are able to identify student problems in both academic and clinical settings, so that symptoms, signs and inexplicable behaviours are not ignored, and steps towards referral and early intervention are taken. In this paper, we discuss rates of mental health problems and substance use among undergraduate nursing students, problems in the teaching-learning and clinical settings which nurse educators are likely to witness, and the consequences of unacknowledged psychiatric difficulties and problematic behaviours. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, epidemiology) mental disease (diagnosis, epidemiology) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article forecasting human methodology nursing evaluation research organization and management policy psychological aspect public relations teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22154953 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22154953) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2011.11.016 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 245 TITLE Improving FASD knowledge in general population and healthcare professionals in Murcia (SE Spain) AUTHOR NAMES Falcón M. Sánchez M.F. Villar Ana.B. Jimenez-Roset J. Gomariz V. Cánovas A. Ortega J.A. Luna A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Falcón M.; Luna A.) Legal Medicine Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. (Sánchez M.F.; Gomariz V.; Cánovas A.; Ortega J.A.) Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain. (Villar Ana.B.; Jimenez-Roset J.) Regional Drug Plan for the Region, Murcia, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Falcón, Legal Medicine Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. SOURCE Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology (2012) 19:3 (e394-e395). Date of Publication: 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 2nd European Conference on FASD CONFERENCE LOCATION Barcelona, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24 ISSN 1710-6222 BOOK PUBLISHER Canadian Society of Clinical Pharmacology ABSTRACT Background: The University of Murcia, the Regional Drug Plan for the Region of Murcia, the Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit. (PEHSU), and the fetal unit in the Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital are working together to increase the awareness on the FASD issue in this Mediterranean Spanish area. This multidisciplinary team (clinic, research, public health and university professionals) is developing different projects to reach a main objective focused on reducing alcohol and other drug abuse substance consumption during pregnancy. Objectives: The aim of this presentation is to summarize the results of this collaboration and to improve the general public/health professional knowledge about consequences of alcohol use during pregnancy Materials & Methods: Review of the activities and programs developed by these institutions (2010-2012). Results: The interventions include among others: 1) Teaching and training network for health professionals (pediatricians, gynecologist, obstetricians, nurses, midwives, general practitioners and social workers) to make easier for them to prevent, detect and diminish alcohol exposure during pregnancy and give advice and treatment when necessary to woman-family, to reduce risk and harm to the fetus. Training courses and conferences: a) Continuing Education Courses: 5 Courses. Attendance: 101 general practitioners b) Courses “Training Course for Trainers”: Attendance: 60 general practitioners c) Pediatric Environmental Health: training program for residents of pediatrics in our hospital. 50 students d) Workshop: “Reproductive Environmental Health prevention of alcohol and other abuse substances exposure during pregnancy and lactation”. 40 students. e) Specific curricula subjects in Medicine, nursery and social work degrees. f) Specific curricula subjects in PhD students (50 students) g) Courses for dissemination of prevention messages and health education purposes: 85 persons 2) Media publications and presentations to improve general population awareness of alcohol exposure consequences during pregnancy and fostering the whole community involvement in the protection of the newborn. Information materials for pregnant woman and professionals reaching all the health areas of the Region with more than 13.713 families targeted. Radio interviews: 2. Newspapers interviews: 4. Conclusion: The synergy between different institutions makes easier the implementation of educational initiatives to reach both general population and health related professionals. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care personnel human population Spain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse alcohol consumption community continuing education curriculum drug abuse environmental health exposure female fetus general practitioner gynecologist health health education health practitioner hospital interview lactation midwife newborn nurse nursery pediatrician pediatrics PhD student pregnancy pregnant woman prevention professional knowledge protection public health publication risk social work social worker student teaching telecommunication training university university hospital workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 246 TITLE Do first year paramedic have preconceived attitudes about patients with specific medical conditions? A four-year longitudinal study AUTHOR NAMES Howard S. Eloise-Verhees C. Boyle M. Williams B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Howard S.; Eloise-Verhees C.; Boyle M.; Williams B.) Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. SOURCE Australasian Journal of Paramedicine (2013) 10:3 (18) CONFERENCE NAME 2012 Paramedics Australasia Conference CONFERENCE LOCATION Hobart, Tasmania, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2012-11-02 to 2012-11-03 ISSN 2202-7270 BOOK PUBLISHER The Official Journal of Paramedics Australasia ABSTRACT Background Certain medical conditions have long been associated with stigma, stereotypes, and negative attitudes. These poor attitudes toward patients with specific medical conditions are a major impediment in the provision of healthcare. The objective of this study was to determine the attitude of first year students entering a paramedic course over 4 consecutive yearly (2008-2011) intakes toward patients with intellectual disability, substance abuse, attempted suicide, and acute mental illness. Methods A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of first year undergraduate paramedic and nursing/paramedic students was used. The students' attitude towards four medical conditions commonly encountered in the prehospital setting was assessed using the Medical Condition Regard Scale (MCRS). The MCRS ranges from 11 to 66. Results There were 230 students who participated in the study of which 66% were female with 76% of all students < 21 years of age. Students showed the most negative attitudes towards substance abuse, mean 35 (SD=6.6), and the most positive attitude toward intellectual disability, mean 38.2 (SD=6.3). The mean attitude towards attempted suicide and mental illness was 37.1 (SD=7.4) and 38.1(SD=6.8) respectively. Students in the 2008 cohort displayed significantly higher regard for all medical conditions compared to ensuing years (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in attitude towards attempted suicide in students from the paramedic course compared to those from the nursing/paramedic course, mean 37.9 vs. 35.8 (p=0.043). Paramedic students also showed a higher regard for mental illness compared with their nursing/paramedic student counterparts, mean 39 vs. mean 36.4 (p=0.006). Conclusions The study findings suggest that students entering an undergraduate paramedic or paramedic/nursing course have a relatively poor attitude towards the four specific medical conditions, particularly substance abuse. These findings highlight the need to educate students early in their course around these medical conditions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Australia and New Zealand human longitudinal study patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS convenience sample cross-sectional study female health care intellectual impairment mental disease stereotypy student substance abuse suicide attempt LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 247 TITLE Home to Homeroom program brings school nurses to the forefront of teen substance abuse prevention. AUTHOR NAMES Ducker S. Terry J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ducker S.) Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, USA. (Terry J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Ducker, Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, USA. SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2012) 27:6 (329-330). Date of Publication: Nov 2012 ISSN 1942-602X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article health care quality human nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23193727 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23193727) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 248 TITLE Disproportionate organizational injustice: A close look at facilities exempted from indoor smoking laws in Canada AUTHOR NAMES Al-Hamdani M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Al-Hamdani M., alhamdani.mohammed@gmail.com) Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, 923, Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Al-Hamdani, Department of Psychology, Saint Mary's University, 923, Robie Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 3C3, Canada. Email: alhamdani.mohammed@gmail.com SOURCE Healthcare Policy (2012) 8:2 (24-29). Date of Publication: November 2012 ISSN 1715-6572 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Longwoods Publishing Corp., 260 Adelaide Street East, No. 8, Toronto, Canada. ABSTRACT Federal and provincial legislation bans smoking in indoor public spaces and workplaces, yet exemptions exist for residential facilities such as nursing homes and addiction treatment centres. In relying on ventilated smoking rooms, however, these organizations are failing to protect the health of their employees and clients. Increased use of risk messages regarding the harms of second- and third-hand smoke, together with enhanced nicotine replacement therapies for smokers, would rectify this disproportionate injustice. Such an approach must also recognize and counteract the efforts of the tobacco industry to block total indoor smoking bans. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Canada human law nicotine replacement therapy note occupational exposure organization passive smoking tobacco industry workplace EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012739255 MEDLINE PMID 23968612 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23968612) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 249 TITLE Undergraduate college students' perceptions of psychiatric nurses AUTHOR NAMES Wantz R.A. Firmin M.W. Stolzfus M.J. Ray B.N. Holmes H.J. Geib E.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wantz R.A., rick.wantz@wright.edu) Wright State University, College of Education and Human Services, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy., Dayton, OH 45435, United States. (Firmin M.W.; Stolzfus M.J.; Ray B.N.; Holmes H.J.; Geib E.F.) Cedarville University, Department of Psychology, Cedarville, OH, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.A. Wantz, Wright State University, College of Education and Human Services, 3640 Col Glenn Hwy., Dayton, OH 45435, United States. Email: rick.wantz@wright.edu SOURCE Issues in Mental Health Nursing (2012) 33:11 (769-776). Date of Publication: November 2012 ISSN 0161-2840 1096-4673 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare, 69-77 Paul Street, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT We surveyed undergraduate students' perceptions of psychiatric nurses' effectiveness and analyzed other sources of data. Students reported that psychiatric nurses' strengths include helping in situations that involve psychiatric symptoms, mental health evaluation, and drug abuse. Psychiatric nurses also were said to be effective when helping an individual with psychiatric symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations. Friends or associates, common knowledge, school and education, and movies are some sources by which students learn about psychiatric nurses. Sources that provided less influential information include insurance carriers, newspapers, and personal experience. © 2012 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health clinical competence psychiatric nursing social psychology social stigma student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article decision making education female human male mental health service middle aged psychological aspect questionnaire statistics United States utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23146011 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146011) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2012.711432 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 250 TITLE Increasing nursing referral to telephone quitlines for smoking cessation using a web-based program AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Bialous S.A. Ong M.K. Wells M. Kotlerman J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L., lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu; Wells M.) School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. (Bialous S.A.) Tobacco Policy International, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Ong M.K.; Kotlerman J.) David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, 700 Tiverton Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. Email: lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu SOURCE Nursing Research (2012) 61:6 (433-440). Date of Publication: November-December 2012 ISSN 0029-6562 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Smokers who make a quit attempt during hospitalization have improved long-term abstinence if they receive follow-up support, including via a telephone quitline, a free resource in the United States. Smokers are referred infrequently to this resource by healthcare providers. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a Web-based educational program (Helping Smokers Quit) on translating the Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence Clinical Practice Guideline: 2008 Update into practice. Using a Web-based survey, frequency of nurses' self-reported referral of smokers to a quitline and performance of the components of a smoking cessation intervention (the 5As: Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) was compared with self-reported performance among nurses who received printed educational materials (control group) at 6 months. Methods: Nurses from 30 (n = 15 control and n = 15 intervention) randomly selected and assigned hospitals from California, Indiana, and West Virginia participated. Both groups received a toolkit of materials including a state quitline card and access to the Tobacco Free Nurses Web site; the intervention group had additional access to a project-specific Web page and the opportunity to attend a webinar. Only nurses who completed baseline and 6-month surveys were included in the analysis. Mean improvement of the 5As and refer scores and logistic regressions of consistent (usually or always) referral to a quitline were used to examine differences over time by group. Results: Pre-post data were collected for 333 nurses (209 intervention, 124 control). Mean improvement was significantly higher in Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange, and Referral to a Quitline for the Help Smokers Quit group. Nurses in the control group significantly improved in Advise and Referral to a Quitline. Consistent referral was most likely in the intervention group (OR = 1.74, 95% CI [1.11, 2.72]), especially among those who viewed the webinar (OR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.03, 4.23]). Discussion: After 6 months, nurses in the intervention group had significant improvement in the frequency of interventions and consistency of referral of smokers to the quitline. The improvement of nurses' referral to the quitline among the control group who only received printed materials demonstrates that both are effective strategies in increasing awareness of this resource. © 2012 Lippincott Williams amp; Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Internet nursing practice nursing staff patient referral smoking cessation telephone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article education female follow up human male methodology middle aged nursing education nursing evaluation research statistics United States utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23073265 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23073265) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182707237 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 251 TITLE Involvement of health professionals in tobacco control in the South-East Asia Region AUTHOR NAMES Venkatesh S. Sinha D.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Venkatesh S., drsvenkatesh1@gmail.com) Department of AIDS Control, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. (Sinha D.N.) Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Venkatesh, Department of AIDS Control, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. Email: drsvenkatesh1@gmail.com SOURCE Indian Journal of Cancer (2012) 49:4 (327-335). Date of Publication: October-December 2012 ISSN 0019-509X 1998-4774 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, B9, Kanara Business Centre, off Link Road, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai, India. ABSTRACT Tobacco use is widely entrenched in the South-East Asia (SEA) Region leading to high morbidity and mortality in this region. Several studies revealed that tobacco use is widespread among youth and school children. Exposure to second-hand smoke was reported as around 50% or more in three countries-Myanmar (59.5%), Bangladesh (51.3%), and Indonesia (49.6%). Health profession students encompassing medical, dental, nursing and pharmacy disciplines, and even qualified health professionals are no exception from tobacco use. While they are regarded as role models in tobacco cessation programs, their tobacco addiction will carry a negative impact in this endeavour. A mere inquiry about the smoking status of patients and a brief advice by doctors or dentists increases quit rates and prompts those who have not thought about quitting to consider doing so. Evidence from some randomized trials suggests that advice from motivated physicians to their smoking patients could be effective in facilitating cessation of smoking. However, the low detection rate of smokers by many physicians and the small proportion of smokers who routinely receive advice from their physicians to quit have been identified as a matter of concern. This paper describes the role and issues of involvement of health professionals in tobacco control. Data from a variety of sources is used to assess the status. Although there are some differences, tobacco use is widespread among the students and health professional students. Exposure to second hand smoke is also a matter of concern. Tobacco-related problems and tobacco control cut across a vast range of health disciplines. Building alliances among the health professional associations in a vertical way will help synergize efforts, and obtain better outcomes from use of existing resources. Health professional associations in some countries in the SEA region have already taken the initiative to form coalitions at the national level to advance the tobacco control agenda. In Thailand, a Thai Health Professional Alliance against Tobacco, with 17 allies from medical, nursing, traditional medicine, and other health professional organizations, is working in a concerted manner toward promoting tobacco control. Indian Dental Association intervention is another good example. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS tobacco smoke EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education health practitioner smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical practice consultation cross-sectional study dentist health care personnel health program health status human leukoplakia lifestyle modification lung cancer medical education medical society medical student meta analysis (topic) mouth cancer neoplasm nursing student occupational health passive smoking patient assessment patient counseling physician precancer pregnant woman prevalence reproductive health review smokeless tobacco smoking cessation tobacco industry traditional medicine EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013226799 MEDLINE PMID 23442394 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23442394) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.107721 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 252 TITLE Current mental health situation in Cambodia AUTHOR NAMES Kim S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kim S.) Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Association of Cambodia, Cambodia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kim, Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Association of Cambodia, Cambodia. SOURCE Asia-Pacific Psychiatry (2012) 4 SUPPL. 1 (22). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 15th Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists Scientific Meeting, PRCP 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seoul, South Korea CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-25 to 2012-10-27 ISSN 1758-5864 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell ABSTRACT Cambodia had been three decades of war, genocide, and civil political unrest. From 1975-1979, 1.7 Million of people were killed, all economic and health facilities were destroyed by the Khmer Rouge regime. Consequences led to increased psychological disorders, social mistrust, breaks in psychological development and parenting skills, and loss of human resources in mental health, although high levels of resiliency among population. 1979-1996, mental patients have been brought to see traditional healers who involve a range of professionals, such as, monks, and fortune tellers, and includes a range of treatments: reading of fortunes, speaking to spirits through medium, cupping or coining, herbal remedies, making offerings to spirits, or meditative prayer.. Currently; 41 psychiatrists, 45 psychiatric nurses and nearly 275 general practitioners have undergone 3 month courses in primary care psychiatry. Mental health services delivery has been integrated into the general health care system. There are 6,1% of Referral Hospitals (n = 82) provide mental health services led by psychiatrists. 52.4% of Referral Hospitals (n = 82) and 1.8% of Health Centers (n = 1004) provide Primary Mental Health care led by General Practitioners and Psychiatric nurses while only one referral hospital provides child mental health services led by foreign child psychiatrist. In 2011, 15,545 new cases and 80,000 follow up cases consulted at mental services. Children, women, rural populations, persons with disabilities, and persons with substance abuse are still lacking in mental health care. This conclude to expand services to rural areas, as well as at-risk demographics to address gaps in treatment across Cambodia and increase training and education of community leaders and mental health professionals in those areas to reduce burden of mental diseases through early detection, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Cambodia college human mental health psychiatrist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child child parent relation child psychiatry community disability education female follow up general practitioner genocide health care facility health care system health center health practitioner hospital mental disease mental health care mental health service mental patient nurse population prevention primary medical care psychiatry reading rehabilitation religion risk rural area rural population skill speech substance abuse traditional healer war LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/appy.12002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 253 TITLE Use of technology can improve hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccination rates in chronic liver disease patients: A prospective, single-center study AUTHOR NAMES Aggarwal A. Atreja A. Vinch R. Manroa P. Carey W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Aggarwal A.; Manroa P.) Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States. (Atreja A.; Vinch R.; Carey W.) Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Aggarwal, Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Gastroenterology (2012) 107 SUPPL. 1 (S598-S599). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 77th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Gastroenterology CONFERENCE LOCATION Las Vegas, NV, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-19 to 2012-10-24 ISSN 0002-9270 BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Purpose: Vaccination against Hepatitis A (HAV) and Hepatitis B (HBV) is recommended in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients. We have previously shown that patients presenting to the hepatology clinics oft en do not get the recommended vaccines. Use of computer based prompt, along with modified standing orders may be an effective method to improve the adherence rates. Methods: This is a prospective, single center trial aiming to study the effect of BPA on vaccination rates in CLD patients. BPA was designed to identify adult patients (>18 years age) with CLD (defined by ICD 9 codes) who presented to our tertiary care hepatology clinic. It was programmed to analyze previous hepatitis serology results in the system, identify the susceptible patients, and then alert the nurses. Patients were considered to be susceptible to HAV or HBV by BPA if they had negative serologies or if they did not have any serologies in the system. BPA then recommended pre built order sets for different vaccination series, which could be selected by the nurses. Upon approval of the vaccination series by the physician, vaccine was administered. We report our experience with vaccination rates in CLD patients seen from Feb 22, 2012- April 30, 2012 after BPA went live in our hepatology clinic. For comparison, baseline vaccination rates were obtained from a historical cohort of CLD patients presenting to the same clinic from 2005-2009 (data presented previously). Results: Total of 446 patients with CLD who were identified as either HAV or HBV susceptible by BPA were included (mean age 58.4 + 10.7 years). The major causes of chronic liver disease were chronic hepatitis C in 49.5% patients, non alcoholic fatty liver disease/ cryptogenic cirrhosis in 20.9%, and alcoholic liver disease in 8% patients. 83.1% of patients were HAV susceptible while 79.8% patients were identified as HBV susceptible. Hepatitis A vaccine had been initiated or completed in 70.8 % (263/ 371= 70.8%) of the susceptible patients as compared to 37.5% of the susceptible patients in the historical cohort in whom Hepatitis A vaccine had been initiated (p<0.0001). Similarly, 70.2% of the patients seen after implementation of BPA had initiation of HBV vaccination series as compared to 26.5% of Hepatitis B susceptible patients in the historical cohort (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Proportion of susceptible patients in whom Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B vaccination series were initiated almost doubled during the active alerting period. Use of technology seems to be a promising tool in improving adherence to vaccination guidelines in CLD patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hepatitis A vaccine vaccine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic liver disease college gastroenterology hepatitis A hepatitis B human patient technology vaccination EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol liver disease computer hepatitis hepatitis C hospital ICD-9 liver cirrhosis nonalcoholic fatty liver nurse physician serology tertiary health care LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2012.274 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 254 TITLE Cost-effectiveness of pharmacist managed medication therapy adherence clinic (MTAC) on type 2 diabetes patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia AUTHOR NAMES Loganadan N.K. Lim K.Y. Nur N.M. Ariffin F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Loganadan N.K.; Lim K.Y.; Nur N.M.; Ariffin F.) Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.K. Loganadan, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e270). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hollywood, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study was conducted: (i) To study the impact of pharmacist managed Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC) on medication adherence and glycemic control of Type 2 Diabetes patients and (ii) To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of MTAC program. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 43 Type 2 Diabetes patients who attended pharmacist MTAC clinic visits in Kuala Lumpur Hospital besides their routine physician visits between February 2008 to August 2009 were assigned to Intervention group while 42 others who attended physician visits only (Standard Care) as Control. The Intervention group received medication adherence assessment, advise on drug related problems, medication counseling and diabetes education by pharmacists while the Control group did not. HbA1c levels (%) and Morisky Scores were measured and compared at baseline and after 9 months follow-up period between both groups. Direct medical costs including doctor's cost, pharmacist's cost, nurse's cost, cost of medications and cost of laboratory tests were used for costeffectiveness analysis (CEA). RESULTS: Medication adherence of subjects in the Intervention (MTAC) group increased significantly from a Morisky score of 4.23 at baseline to 7.84 (p<0.05) compared to increase from 4.00 to 6.14 seen in Control at the end of follow-up. The HbA1c of subjects in the Intervention arm also reduced significantly (p<0.05) by 1.7% from 10.6% at baseline to 8.9% at the end of follow-up compared with a relatively smaller decrease of 0.6% from 10.7% at baseline to 10.1% achieved in Control (p>0.05). Average cost effectiveness ratio (ACER) for Intervention group was RM446.01 per 1% reduction and RM1328.52 per 1% HbA1c reduction for Control. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist managed MTAC Diabetes program helped Type 2 Diabetes patients achieve significantly better medication adherence and glycemic control besides being more cost-effective than Standard Care with greater savings in diabetes expenditure to the hospital. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hemoglobin A1c EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy college cost effectiveness analysis diabetic patient drug therapy hospital human Malaysia non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patient compliance pharmacist tertiary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arm cohort analysis control group counseling diabetes education diabetes mellitus follow up glycemic control laboratory test medication compliance nurse physician LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 255 TITLE Interventions of a pharmacist on a teaching nursing home team AUTHOR NAMES Nye A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nye A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Nye, SOURCE Consultant Pharmacist (2012) 27:10 (707). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Fall 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION National Harbor, MD, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-11-06 to 2012-11-09 ISSN 0888-5109 BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Consultant Pharmacists ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the added value of a clinical pharmacist rounding with an interdisciplinary team in a nursing home. Methods: A pharmacist rounded with the physician team four days a week in a teaching nursing home in addition to the monthly chart review. For two months interventions by a CGP preceptor and pharmacy students were recorded, including the drug problem and outcome. Results: There were a total of 197 drug problems identified with 132 recommendations on a nursing home panel of approximately 90 patients. Eighty-five percent of recommendations were implemented. The most common problems were an untreated problem (35), unnecessary drug (31), lab monitoring needed (24), ineffective medication (17), suboptimal drug choice (11), and high-risk drug (11). Recommendations including stopping a drug (40), initiating new therapy (33), monitoring needed (25), changing the drug (16), increasing the dose (16), and decreasing the dose (9). Conclusion: By rounding with the team a pharmacist could make recommendations when decisions were being made for the patient. When a less optimal medication was being considered it could be changed before it was ordered. Having a pharmacist at the point of care facilitates appropriate use of medications. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) consultation human nursing home pharmacist society teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug abuse drug choice drug therapy medical record review monitoring patient pharmacy student physician risk therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.698 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 256 TITLE Cell phone based automated monitoring of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis AUTHOR NAMES Puolakka K. Sokka T. Kautiainen H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Puolakka K.) Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. (Sokka T.) Jyvaskyla Central Hospital, Jyvaskyla, Finland. (Kautiainen H.) Orton Rehabilitation, Helsinki, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Puolakka, Department of Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland. SOURCE Arthritis and Rheumatism (2012) 64 SUPPL. 10 (S163-S164). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Rheumatology and Association of Rheumatology Health Professionals 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Washington, DC, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-11-09 to 2012-11-14 ISSN 0004-3591 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Inc. ABSTRACT Background/Purpose: Frequent monitoring improves patient compliance and outcomes of RA. Limited resources may hinder adherence to recommendations to frequent assessment. A remote assessment could be a solution with patient's global assessment (PtGA) as a measure. Methods: A novel, cell-phone based monitoring system has been invented (SandRA). Each incident patient with early RA is being registered in SandRA monitoring-with his or her informed consent. Baseline PtGA is recorded. Every 2 weeks during the following 6 months, SandRA sends automatically an SMS to the patient's cell phone, and patient answers by one push on keyboard. The first 2 SMSs concern medications (“Have you used the prescribed drug treatments?” Y/N) and adverse events (“Have you experienced any problems with the drug?” Y/N). From 6 weeks onwards, PtGAs is inquired: (“What is the severity of RA on scale 0 to 10, when 0 corresponds absence of RA symptoms and 10 as severe RA symptoms as you can imagine?”). Based on data from our previous early RA cohorts, a treatment target was set at 5-3/10 (figure 1). The patients' answers are recorded in SandRA database and automatically analyzed. If an answer does not indicate problems, patient receives an automatic SMS response of the answer being recorded. If an answer indicates problems, i.e., patient has not used the treatment, has experienced adverse events, or RA has not improved at the pace defined, the patient receives an SMS: “Your nurse will call you within 2 working days”. At the same time, the nurse receives an e-mail about the patient's problem. If the problem cannot be solved on the phone, the patient is called for a visit for treatment adjustment. Results: We analyzed 137 consecutive patients registered in SandRA. The patients' regular doctor appointments were scheduled at 3 and 6 months. Most patients achieved the treatment target, i.e., their PtGAs were under the alarm line (panel A). SandRA picked out 34%, 31%, 29%, and 31% of the patients at 6, 10, 18, and 22 weeks for assessment before regular appointments (panel B). Conclusion: A novel automated cell phone based monitoring system may provide a feasible method to achieve treatment target in patients with early RA. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college health practitioner human mobile phone monitoring patient rheumatoid arthritis rheumatology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS data base drug therapy e-mail informed consent keyboard nurse patient compliance physician LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.37735 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 257 TITLE Lost in transition: The benefit of interdisciplinary home-based care following hospitalization AUTHOR NAMES Borzadek E.Z. Holmes J.T. Krawtz D.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Borzadek E.Z.; Holmes J.T.; Krawtz D.B.) Departments of Family Medicine and Pharmacy Practice, Idaho State University, Pocatello, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.Z. Borzadek, Departments of Family Medicine and Pharmacy Practice, Idaho State University, Pocatello, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e269). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hollywood, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Idaho has the lowest national 30-day re-hospitalization rate for Medicare beneficiaries at 13.3%, which may be misleading due to limited access to care. A home-based Transition of Care (TOC) clinic was developed to provide safe and effective transitions from acute care to home by utilizing a unique interdisciplinary team of nurse practitioner, clinical pharmacist, and health professions students with electronic medial record (EMR) access in the home; drug-related problems (DRPs) were identified. METHODS: An office-based interdisciplinary TOC clinic was developed in 2006 but evolved into a semi-weekly home-based service in 2011 due to high no-show rates and an inability to thoroughly identify and resolve DRPs. Enrollment criteria for the home-based TOC program included inpatient hospitalization > 48 hours, age ≥ 65 and one additional risk factor (e.g. ≥ 2 hospitalizations in the past 6 months, ≥ 2 chronic illnesses, polypharmacy, ≥ 2 medication changes, documented history of poor adherence). Services provided were assessment for DRPs, medication counseling and reconciliation, personal medication record development, clinical assessment, depression/dementia screening, fall risk assessment, and assistance with advanced directives. An interim retrospective EMR chart abstraction of documented hospital follow-up was performed to compare DRPs identified at TOC and provider office visits. RESULTS: From October 17, 2011 to June 15, 2012, there were 55 home-based TOC encounters. Interim analysis identified 2.6 DRPs documented per TOC clinic encounter compared to 0.6 DRPs per provider office encounter (p=0.023). The most common DRPs in TOC clinic were secondary to unintentional/intentional non-adherence, incomplete/inaccurate discharge instructions, therapy duplication, and provider-provider/provider-patient miscommunication. A 12-month analysis of identified and classified DRPs and 30-day re-hospitalization rates will be presented. CONCLUSION: An interdisciplinary home-based TOC clinic is effective at identifying DRPs. Although cost-prohibitive in many areas, interdisciplinary home-visit TOC delivery should be further explored. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy college hospitalization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS ambulatory care chronic disease clinical assessment counseling drug therapy emergency care fall risk assessment follow up health hospital hospital patient human medicare nurse practitioner occupation patient pharmacist polypharmacy professional practice risk factor screening student therapy United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 258 TITLE Tobacco use and cessation counseling in India-data from the Global Health Professions Students Survey, 2005-09 AUTHOR NAMES Surani N.S. Pednekar M.S. Sinha D.N. Singh G. Warren C.W. Asma S. Gupta P.C. Singh P.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Surani N.S.; Pednekar M.S., pednekarm@healis.org; Gupta P.C.) Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, India. (Sinha D.N.; Singh P.K.) World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi, India. (Singh G.) School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India. (Warren C.W.; Asma S.) US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Pednekar, Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, India. Email: pednekarm@healis.org SOURCE Indian Journal of Cancer (2012) 49:4 (425-430). Date of Publication: October-December 2012 ISSN 0019-509X 1998-4774 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, B9, Kanara Business Centre, off Link Road, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai, India. ABSTRACT Context: Tobacco use by health professionals reflects the failure of healthcare systems in protecting not only beneficiaries of the system but also those involved in health care delivery. Aim: The aim of this study was to report findings from the Global Health Professions Students Survey (GHPSS) conducted in medical, dental, nursing and pharmacy schools in India. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Indian dental and medical schools (in 2009), nursing (in 2007), and pharmacy (in 2008) schools. Materials and Methods: Anonymous, self-administered GHPSS questionnaire covering demographics, tobacco use prevalence, secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, desire to quit smoking and training received to provide cessation counseling to patients was used. Statistical Analysis: Proportions and prevalence were computed using SUDAAN and SPSS 15.0. Results: Current cigarette smoking and other tobacco use ranged from 3.4-13.4% and 4.5-11.6% respectively, in the four health professional schools, with the highest numbers for medical schools and males. Enforcement of smoking ban in medical schools was low (53%) compared to nursing (86.4%), pharmacy (85.5%), and dental (90.8%) schools. Ninety percent students thought health professionals have a role in giving smoking cessation advice to their patients. Three out of five current smokers wanted to quit. However, one out of two reported receiving help/advice to quit. Although all expressed the need, 29.1-54.8% students received cessation training in their schools. Conclusion: Tobacco control policy, cessation training and initiatives to help students quit smoking should be undertaken. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cross-sectional study dental student exposure health practitioner health survey human medical school nursing student passive smoking patient counseling pharmacy student sampling smoking ban EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2013226813 MEDLINE PMID 23442408 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23442408) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.107751 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 259 TITLE Breakthrough improvement model: Moving the hospital early detection services to a municipality youth health- and leisure center. Is it possible detecting mental illnesses earlier? AUTHOR NAMES Joergensen R.L. Johannessen J.O. Hatloey K. Joa I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joergensen R.L.; Johannessen J.O.; Hatloey K.; Joa I.) Stavanger University Hospital, Division of Psychiatry, Norway. (Johannessen J.O.; Joa I.) University of Stavanger, Norway. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.L. Joergensen, Stavanger University Hospital, Division of Psychiatry, Norway. SOURCE Early Intervention in Psychiatry (2012) 6 SUPPL.1 (108). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 8th International Conference on Early Psychosis: From Neurobiology to Public Policy CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-11 to 2012-10-13 ISSN 1751-7885 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT Background: Results from the TIPS study in Stavanger, conducted in 1997-2000 showed that an early detection team(ED) and information campaigns can significantly reduce the Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP). Aim: Offer our hospital specialized early detection services to adolescent/ young adults between 15-20 years in a municipality health- and leisure center for youth. The following services are offered at the center: - Youth health centre with school nurses and GPs. -Social workers working with troubled youth. -Metropolis which is a music- and cultural club. -K46 which is a low threshold services to young people with drug dependencies. Method: Offer ED presence at the health- and leisure center on Wednesday's between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. Offering potential patients and referral agents mental health disorder screening and psychosis assessment. Results: The ED presence has been operating since medium May 2010. We've since 1997 registered all contacts to the ED team. From this data we have baseline information about the contacts from the age group 15-20 years living in Stavanger. The baseline will be compared with a follow- up1 period May 2010-May 2011, and a follow-up2 from May 2012- May 2012. Conclusion: In the period of ED presence, our experiences has been an increase in contacts with youth between 15-20 years. There's also been detected 2 first episode psychosis and 6 UHR/prodromal states during that time. The data and will presented and commented in the poster. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health hospital juvenile leisure mental disease model neurobiology policy primary prevention psychosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult diseases drug dependence groups by age health center human mental health music patient school health nursing screening social worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7893.2012.00394.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 260 TITLE SNACC-118 patient characteristics that correlate with a firsttime, early do-not-attempt-resuscitation order in intracerebral hemorrhage AUTHOR NAMES McFarlin J. Khan S. Hailey C. Gray M. Sun W. Bute B. Kranz P. Laskowitz D. James M. McDonagh D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McFarlin J.; Khan S.; Hailey C.; Gray M.; Sun W.; Bute B.; Kranz P.; Laskowitz D.; James M.; McDonagh D.) Duke University, Raleigh, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. McFarlin, Duke University, Raleigh, United States. SOURCE Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology (2012) 24:4 (506). Date of Publication: October 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care CONFERENCE LOCATION Washington, DC, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-12 to 2012-10-12 ISSN 0898-4921 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Background: Prognostication in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is complex and mortality remains high. Neuroanesthetists are in a unique position to counsel the families of these patients as they will often treat the patient through the continuum of care in an intensive care unit. Although assessment tools such as the ICH score have been developed to assist with prognostication, physicians clearly use other additional parameters in clinical practice. Inaccurate prognostication can have mortal consequences. Though do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders do not indicate the withholding of any treatment other than cardiopulmonary resuscitation, they are associated with increased risk of death in patients after ICH. Therefore, we sought to understand early DNR (<72 h) designation in ICH patients with hope of moving toward more precise clinical tools for ICH prognostication. Study Design: All patients who were admitted to the neurological intensive care unit from July 2007 to December 2010 with a diagnosis of supartentorial ICH were identified. Data for all patients were collected retrospectively. Patients without a DNR order throughout their admission were compared with patients who received a new DNR order in the first 72 hours of admission. Patients with preexisting DNR orders were not included. The Student t and χ(2) statistical tests were used to analyze the data, with P<0.05 used to reject the null hypothesis. Results: One hundred fifty-seven subjects were included in the study with 18.4% made DNR within 72 hours of admission to our NICU. Factors that showed a significant correlation with a new DNR order included advanced age, white race, or residence in a skilled nursing facility. A past medical history of malignancy, atrial fibrillation, current use of antihypertensives or warfarin, or alcohol abuse predicted a DNR order. ICH resulting in a low admission Glasgow Coma Score, high ICH score, intraventricular extension and blood volumes >30mL correlated with a new DNR order. (Table presented) Conclusions: Although most individual elements of the ICH score do correlate with a new DNR order in this population, other characteristics from patients past medical history or demographics were also associated with an early DNR order in patients with ICH. Early DNR orders may create a self-fulfilling prophecy if limitations of support are instituted without a clear understanding of who may benefit from aggressive care. Thus, identification of factors that providers believe to be life-limiting may serve as a starting point to avoid early limitations in aggressiveness of care (Table 1). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antihypertensive agent warfarin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anesthesiology brain hemorrhage human intensive care patient resuscitation society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aggressiveness alcohol abuse atrial fibrillation blood volume Caucasian clinical practice coma death diagnosis hope intensive care unit medical history mortality null hypothesis nursing home parameters physician population risk student study design LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 261 TITLE Nurses opinion on the attributes of polypharmacy in patient safety AUTHOR NAMES Jenny J.L. Jenny C. Jayadevan S. Jayakumary M. Mohamed A. Arun S. Mohamed F.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jenny J.L., drlishaj@yahoo.com; Mohamed A.) Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. (Jenny C.) Department of Pediatrics, Gulf Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. (Jayadevan S.; Jayakumary M.) Research Division, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. (Arun S.) College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. (Mohamed F.M.) Department of Cardiology, Gulf Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. L. Jenny, Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Email: drlishaj@yahoo.com SOURCE Acta Medica Iranica (2012) 50:7 (516-521). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 0044-6025 1735-9694 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Medical Sciences University of Teheran, Poursina St, Teheran, Iran. ABSTRACT Nurses play a functional role in preventing drug related problems. They need to be aware of the dangers of polypharmacy while reviewing patient medications. We studied the nurses' opinion on the diverse effects of polypharmacy in the hospital setting. Nurses working in a tertiary care teaching hospital participated in this cross-sectional study, conducted over 3 months, by responding to a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to analyze association between socio-demographic characteristics and items in the study. A value of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Increased drug interactions scored the highest (98.1%), followed by increased adverse drug effects (81.9%), and increase in financial burden (69.5%) among the negative effects of polypharmacy. 61% of the respondents felt that polypharmacy increased therapeutic effect in polypathology. No difference was observed in the opinion between male and female nurses or among varying nursing experience. Nurses with 5-10 years of experience opined increase in non-compliance to prescribed medication regimen and increase in financial burden also as negative attributes. Nurses pointed out both positive and negative implications of polypharmacy. Training programs such as continuing nursing education and workshops can be planned to translate this knowledge into practice in their routine nursing practice. © 2012 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude patient safety polypharmacy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult adverse drug reaction article attitude to health cross-sectional study drug cost drug interaction female health care survey human human experiment inappropriate prescribing male medication error nursing education nursing practice outcome assessment patient compliance practice guideline quality of life quality of nursing care risk benefit analysis survival rate treatment duration EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012524898 MEDLINE PMID 22930386 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22930386) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 262 TITLE Integrating mental health and addiction nursing through teaching. AUTHOR NAMES Korzon J. Trimmer W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Korzon J.) Faculty of Health at Whitireia, NZ. (Trimmer W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Korzon, Faculty of Health at Whitireia, NZ. SOURCE Australian nursing journal (July 1993) (2012) 20:3 (35). Date of Publication: Sep 2012 ISSN 1320-3185 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction mental disease nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human methodology New Zealand nursing problem based learning LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23066582 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066582) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 263 TITLE Engaging health professional students in substance abuse research development and early evaluation of the SARET program AUTHOR NAMES Truncali A. Kalet A.L. Gillespie C. More F. Naegle M. Lee J.D. Huben L. Kerr D. Gourevitch M.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kalet A.L.; Gillespie C.; Lee J.D.; Huben L.; Gourevitch M.N.) New York University School of Medicine, United States. (More F.) NYU College of Dentistry, United States. (Naegle M.) NYU College of Nursing, United States. (Truncali A., andreatruncali@yahoo.com; Kerr D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Truncali, New York, United States. Email: andreatruncali@yahoo.com SOURCE Journal of Addiction Medicine (2012) 6:3 (196-204). Date of Publication: September 2012 ISSN 1932-0620 1935-3227 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 250 Waterloo Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Objective: There is a need to build the ranks of health care professionals engaged in substance abuse (SA)-focused clinical research. The authors simultaneously developed and evaluated SARET, the Substance Abuse Research Education and Training program. The fundamental goal of this interprofessional program is to stimulate medical, dental, and nursing student interest and experience in SA research. Evaluation aims to understand program feasibility and acceptability and to assess short-term impact. Methods: SARET comprises 2 main components: stipend-supported research mentorships and a Web-based module series, consisting of 6, interactive, multimedia modules addressing core SA research topics, delivered via course curricula and in the research mentorships. Authors assessed program feasibility and impact on student interestin conducting SA research by tracking participation and conducting participant focus groups and online surveys. Results: Thirty early health care professional students completed mentorships (25 summer, 5 yearlong) and 1324 completed at least 1 Web-module. SARET was considered attractive for the opportunity to conduct clinically oriented research and to work with health care professionals across disciplines. Mentorship students reported positive impact on their vision of SA-related clinical care, more positive attitudes about research, and, in some cases, change in career plans. Web-based modules were associated with enhanced interest in SA (35% increase, P = 0.005, in those somewhat/very interested for neurobiology module) and SA research (+38%, P < 0.001 for activation, +45%, P < 0.001 for personal impact, +7%, P = 0.089 for neurobiology). Conclusions: The SARET program stimulates SA clinical and research interest among students of nursing, medicine, and dentistry and may lend itself to dissemination. Copyright © 2012 American Society of Addiction Medicine. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical research education program substance abuse Substance Abuse Research Education and Training program EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article career controlled study dentistry feasibility study health care personnel health personnel attitude human human experiment medical student normal human nursing online system priority journal strength summer teacher EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012738857 MEDLINE PMID 22864401 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22864401) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0b013e31825f77db COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 264 TITLE Common disorders demand expert care: The need for specialized professional education in disorders of dementia AUTHOR NAMES Kaplan D. Andersen T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kaplan D.) Columbia University, School of Social Work, New York, United States. (Andersen T.) University of Utah, College of Social Work, Salt Lake City, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Kaplan, Columbia University, School of Social Work, New York, United States. SOURCE Alzheimer's and Dementia (2012) 8:4 SUPPL. 1 (P430). Date of Publication: 2012 CONFERENCE NAME Alzheimer's Association International Conference 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Vancouver, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2012-07-14 to 2012-07-19 ISSN 1552-5260 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Background: The World Health Organization has identified the need for significant changes in policy, practice and service delivery systems to address the rapidly growing burdens associated with mental, neurological and substance use disorders. Individuals confronting these disorders, especially the diseases which cause symptoms of dementia, face significant barriers to quality of life. Many education programs for health and mental health professions aim to prepare future workers to meet the needs of older adults by exposing students to a wide breadth of aging-related content during their academic professional training. Yet disorders of dementia continue to challenge new graduates and seasoned professionals alike. Professional health providers may have outdated competencies and may not be able to meet current and future needs. Building professional workforces and upgrading the capacity of these workforces must be the backbone of efforts to improve dementia care in all settings. Graduate education holds the greatest opportunity to impact academic pre-professional training to guarantee competence throughout the dementia care and service spectrum. Methods: A review of the professional literature was conducted to survey the most important articles and reports pertaining to higher education, professional practice, and workforce preparation in dementia care. This literature is summarized in order to give readers the necessary background to understand recommendations for bolstering the quality of dementia care through improved professional education and training in fields of health and mental health. Results: The authors offer several possible solutions to the curriculum dilemma in graduate education, including content infusion, elective courses, and specialized practicum experiences. Debates between generalist and specialist education are positioned within the contexts of course requirements faculty limitations, and a rapidly evolving knowledge base, and implications are drawn for academic training programs in medicine, nursing social work, psychology, and public health. Conclusions: As rapid population aging demands greater professional workforce capacity, schools of higher education must prepare tomorrow's professionals for competent practice with individuals confronting age-associated disorders. Specialized curricula are needed in order to cover the complex multidimensional considerations and sophisticated methods involved in competent practice with older adults living with dementia. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia diseases human vocational education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS academic achievement adult aging competence curriculum education education program graduate health health care delivery infusion knowledge base medical specialist mental health nursing occupation occupational health policy population professional practice psychology public health quality of life reading school social work student substance abuse training worker world health organization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.1147 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 265 TITLE Health promotion at the Medically Supervised Injecting Centre. AUTHOR NAMES White M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (White M.) Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Kings Cross, NSW. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. White, Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Kings Cross, NSW. SOURCE Australian nursing journal (July 1993) (2012) 20:3 (43). Date of Publication: Sep 2012 ISSN 1320-3185 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic agent (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence treatment health promotion substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia bloodborne bacterium drug control human intoxication (prevention) nursing organization and management preventive health service LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23066588 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066588) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 266 TITLE Drugs, alcohol and nurses' mental health. AUTHOR NAMES Duncan R. Taylor G. Hamilton B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Duncan R.) Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne. (Taylor G.; Hamilton B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Duncan, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne. SOURCE Australian nursing journal (July 1993) (2012) 20:3 (45). Date of Publication: Sep 2012 ISSN 1320-3185 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion malpractice mental disease (prevention) nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia human psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23066589 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066589) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 267 TITLE Drug & alcohol nursing. P.A.R.T.Y. trauma reduction initiative. AUTHOR NAMES Thompson J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thompson J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Thompson, SOURCE Australian nursing journal (July 1993) (2012) 20:3 (34-35). Date of Publication: Sep 2012 ISSN 1320-3185 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) alcohol intoxication (epidemiology, prevention) health promotion injury (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia decision making high risk behavior human methodology nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23066581 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066581) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 268 TITLE Pneumococcal disease burden and vaccine coverage in nursing home residents in Europe AUTHOR NAMES Topinkova E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Topinkova E.) Department of Geriatrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Topinkova, Department of Geriatrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. SOURCE European Geriatric Medicine (2012) 3 SUPPL. 1 (S11). Date of Publication: September 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 8th Congress of the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Brussels, Belgium CONFERENCE DATE 2012-09-26 to 2012-09-28 ISSN 1878-7649 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT Influenza and pneumonia remain serious health concerns in older population in Europe. Invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) peak in higher age group 65+ reaching 12-14 cases per 100 000 population. Diabetes, chronic cardiac disease and polymorbidity increase the incidence of IPD 6-10 times, and immunodeficit status up to 50 times. With increasing age the IPD case fatality rates grow up to 30-40% of all IPD sufferers above 65 years accounting for over 1.6 million deaths worldwide. Known risk factors for IPD mortality are multimorbidity, disability, malnutrition, multilobar pulmonary involvement, shock, alcohol abuse and immunosuppressive therapy. Vaccination provides good protection against invasive pneumococcal diseases, pneumococcal pneumonia and all-cause pneumonia lowering the overall burden of pneumococcal diseases in the older population and decreasing costs. Vaccination has been proven safe and effective yielding some protection also against cerebro-vascular and cardiovascular acute events, improving survival of heart failure patients and decreasing overall mortality. Despite the proven benefits the vaccination coverage in older population above 60 years is rather low, much lover compared with influenza vaccination. In a study SHELTER (Services and Health for Elderly in Long TERm care) pneumococcal vaccination status in the last 5 years was assessed in 4156 residents from 59 nursing home facilities from 8 European countries. The vaccination uptake rates varied widely among countries ranging from 1.7 to 72.4% (mean 27.9%) of vaccinated residents and even more so among participating nursing homes. Factors independently associated with vaccine use will be presented. The inter-facility variation calls for better vaccination strategy to improve vaccination coverage. National and international guidelines should be part of national diseaseprevention programs and innovative evidence based-strategies for vaccine delivery promoted (such as nursing home policy involving vaccination use as a care quality indicator, incentives for GP participation, specific competences for nurses given by standing orders). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) vaccine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Europe European Union geriatrics human nursing home patient society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcohol abuse competence death diabetes mellitus disability diseases evidence based practice fatality groups by age health heart disease heart failure immunosuppressive treatment influenza influenza vaccination long term care malnutrition mortality nurse nursing home patient pneumococcal infection pneumonia policy population protection risk factor Streptococcus pneumonia survival vaccination LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2012.07.394 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 269 TITLE Patient characteristics that correlate with a new, early do-not-resuscitate order in intracerebral hemorrhage AUTHOR NAMES McFarlin J.M. Emery C. Gray M. Sun W. Bute B.P. Lasokowitz D. McDonagh D. James M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McFarlin J.M.; Emery C.; Gray M.; Sun W.; Bute B.P.; Lasokowitz D.; McDonagh D.; James M.L.) Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. McFarlin, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States. SOURCE Neurocritical Care (2012) 17 SUPPL. 2 (S145). Date of Publication: September 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 10th Annual Meeting of the Neurocritical Care Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Denver, CO, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-04 to 2012-10-07 ISSN 1541-6933 BOOK PUBLISHER Humana Press ABSTRACT Introduction: Prognostication in intracerebral hemorrhage is complex and mortality remains high. While tools such as the ICH score have been developed to assist with prognostication, physicians clearly use additional parameters in clinical practice. Though do-not-resuscitate orders do not indicate the withholding of any treatment other than CPR, they are associated with increase risk of death in patients after ICH. We sought to understand early DNR (<72hours) designation in patients with hope of moving toward more precise tools for prognostication. Methods: Patients admitted to the Neurological Intensive Care Unit from July 2007 to December 2010 with a diagnosis of supartentorial ICH were identified. Data for all patients were collected retrospectively. Patients without a DNR order throughout their admission were compared to patients who received a new DNR order in the first 72 hours of admission. Patients with pre-existing DNR orders were not included. Results: 157 subjects were included in the study with 18.4% made DNR within 72 hours of admission to our NICU. Factors showing a significant correlation with a new DNR order included advanced age, Caucasian race, or residence in a skilled nursing facility. History of malignancy, atrial fibrillation, current use of antihypertensives or warfarin, or alcohol abuse predicted a DNR order. ICH resulting in a low admission Glasgow Coma Score, high ICH score, intraventricular extension and blood volumes greater than 30ml correlated with a new DNR order. Conclusions: While individual elements of the ICH score correlate with a new DNR order in this population, other characteristics were also associated with an early DNR order. Early DNR orders may create a self-fulfilling prophecy if limitations of support are instituted without a clear understanding of who may benefit from aggressive care. Thus, identification of factors that providers believe to be life-limiting may serve as a starting point to avoid early limitations in aggressiveness of care. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antihypertensive agent warfarin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain hemorrhage human patient society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aggressiveness alcohol abuse atrial fibrillation blood volume Caucasian clinical practice coma death diagnosis hope intensive care unit mortality nursing home parameters physician population risk LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12028-012-9775-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 270 TITLE Misuse of prescribed opioids in a military population - Is there a correlation with deployment, active duty, or combat illnesses or injury? AUTHOR NAMES Bebarta V.S. Ganem V. Varney S.M. Ramos R.G. Valtier S. Ramirez S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bebarta V.S.; Ganem V.; Varney S.M.; Ramirez S.) San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, United States. (Ramos R.G.) Office of the Chief Scientist, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 59th Medical Wing, San Antonio, United States. (Valtier S.) Clinical Research Division, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, San Antonio, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.S. Bebarta, San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, United States. SOURCE Clinical Toxicology (2012) 50:7 (633-634). Date of Publication: August 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 2012 Annual Meeting of the North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology, NACCT 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Las Vegas, NV, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-10-01 to 2012-10-06 ISSN 1556-3650 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare ABSTRACT Background: Opioid abuse and misuse has increased over the last 10 years in the civilian population. Recent military veterans have an increased opioid abuse rate. However, there are no reports about the military community (both active duty and non-active duty) reporting the incidence of opioid use/misuse, reasons for misuse, and correlation with deployment injuries and illnesses. Methods: We conducted a prospective, anonymous survey in the emergency department waiting room of a military tertiary care hospital. The survey was approved by our IRB. We created an 11 question survey tool with fi xed response (closed end) and multiple choice questions that included validated questions from the 2008 and 2010 DoD Survey of Health Related Behaviors. The survey was revised through a pilot sample and revision. A research nurse and emergency medicine resident used a standardized verbal script to greet subjects and then they offered the subjects the survey form to complete anonymously. Survey collection was conducted 9 hours a day over 3 weeks. Opioid misuse was defined as taking more than prescribed, obtaining opioids from others, and taking an opioid for a recent injury/illness that was prescribed for an old injury/illness. We expected a margin of error-6% and a response rate-98% based on our sample size of 500 subjects. Proportions were compared with chi-square and fi sher's exact test. Results: Thus far we have collected 300 completed surveys with a 99% completion rate. The mean age was 34.5 yrs (SD 13.6), 63% were male, 61% (CI 54-68%) were active duty, and 39% had deployed with an average aggregate deployment duration of 17.5 months. 15% of subjects reported a diagnosis of TBI and 19% PTSD. 36% of subjects reported a diagnosis of a physical injury in the last 5 yrs. 70% (CI 64-77%) had taken an opioid in the last 5 year and the most common opioids were hydrocodone (26%), codeine (23%), and oxycodone (14%). 10% of respondents had taken more opioids than as prescribed and 20% had consumed opioid pills for a recent injury/illness that was prescribed for an old injury/illness. Subjects that were active duty, diagnosed with PTSD, diagnosed with a physical injury, or who had deployed were more likely to have taken an opioid recently than non-active duty (p< 0.005). These groups were not more likely to have misused or taken more than prescribed. Female subjects were more likely to have taken a previously prescribed opioid for a new illness or injury. Conclusions: Opioid drug misuse occurs in the military community. In our survey, we did not detect a correlation between opioid misuse and a self-reported diagnosis of PTSD, TBI, history of deployment, or being on active duty. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS codeine hydrocodone oxycodone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) abuse army diseases injury population substance abuse toxicology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS community diagnosis drug misuse emergency medicine emergency ward female health behavior hospital human male multiple choice test nurse pill posttraumatic stress disorder sample size tertiary health care veteran waiting room LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563650.2012.700015 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 271 TITLE Clients' perceptions of opioid substitution treatment: An input to improving the quality of treatment AUTHOR NAMES Deering D. Horn J. Frampton C.M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Deering D., daryle.deering@otago.ac.nz) National Addiction Centre (Aotearoa New Zealand), Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. (Horn J.; Frampton C.M.A.) Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Deering, National Addiction Centre (Aotearoa New Zealand), Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, Po Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. Email: daryle.deering@otago.ac.nz SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2012) 21:4 (330-339). Date of Publication: August 2012 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Despite the emphasis on providing high quality mental health and addiction treatment, there has been relatively little consideration given to examining clients' perceptions of addiction treatment (consumer satisfaction) as a quality improvement strategy. The present article reports on a survey of a representative sample of 93 clients receiving opioid substitution treatment (OST). Employed participants reported higher treatment satisfaction and a pattern of positive associations was found between satisfaction and general health, mental health, social functioning, lower methadone doses, and participants' ratings of their treatment progress. Lower satisfaction was associated with higher frequency of benzodiazepine use, and, for women, longer treatment duration. Māori participants rated their treatment progress as lower than that of non-Māori. Results strongly endorse recording participants' comments to provide a deeper understanding of survey item ratings. The study findings highlight the need for a research focus on the roles of mental health and other registered nurses who work with people receiving OST in specialist service and primary care settings, and endorse a partnership approach to future research in this area. The pattern of findings arising from this study suggests key strategies for improving the flexibility and client responsiveness of OST. © 2012 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methadone (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate substitution treatment patient satisfaction total quality management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human interview male methodology middle aged New Zealand psychological aspect questionnaire standard treatment outcome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22564199 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22564199) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2011.00795.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 272 TITLE Could an advance practice nurse improve detection of alcohol misuse in the emergency department? AUTHOR NAMES O'Brien A. Leonard L. Deering D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Brien A., a.obrien@auckland.ac.nz) School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand. (O'Brien A., a.obrien@auckland.ac.nz) Liaison Psychiatry, Auckland District Health Board, Ecom House, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. (Leonard L.) Community Alcohol and Drug Service, Hamilton, New Zealand. (Deering D.) Department of Psychological Medicine, National Addiction Centre (Aotearoa New Zealand), University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. (O'Brien A., a.obrien@auckland.ac.nz) Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. O'Brien, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Building 505, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. Email: a.obrien@auckland.ac.nz SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2012) 21:4 (340-348). Date of Publication: August 2012 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Alcohol misuse is a prevalent problem in New Zealand society, and one that exacts a considerable cost in terms of health, social cohesion, and economic productivity. Despite the burden of alcohol misuse, screening, brief assessment, and interventions for alcohol problems are frequently poorly performed within general health services. In this paper we explore the response to alcohol problems in a New Zealand emergency department and discuss difficulties encountered in improving rates of detection by emergency department personnel. We report the results of a clinical audit of alcohol screening and brief assessment and a staff education programme designed to improve practice in this area, but which met with limited success. The potential role for an advanced practice nurse providing a clinical consultation and liaison service to the emergency department staff is explored. We argue that such a role has potential to reduce the health and social costs of alcohol misuse, and to meet the national policy objective of providing a treatment response to people with alcohol-related problems in contact with health services. © 2012 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) advanced practice nursing alcoholism (diagnosis) emergency health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article education female human male methodology middle aged New Zealand organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22540263 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22540263) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2011.00797.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 273 TITLE Increasing the use of bedside ultrasound for the placement of difficult peripheral intravenous catheters in the medical intensive care unit AUTHOR NAMES Hassan I. Siska R. Patel B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hassan I., iman.a.hassan@uth.tmc.edu; Patel B.) UT Health, Univeristy of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States. (Siska R.) Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center, Houston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Hassan, UT Health, Univeristy of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States. Email: iman.a.hassan@uth.tmc.edu SOURCE American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012) 185 MeetingAbstracts. Date of Publication: 2012 CONFERENCE NAME American Thoracic Society International Conference, ATS 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-18 to 2012-05-23 ISSN 1073-449X BOOK PUBLISHER American Thoracic Society ABSTRACT Placement of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVs) is a routine nursing procedure, often met with great success. However, because of a variety of issues including obesity, dehydration, drug abuse, and edema, some patients are known to have “difficult/poor peripheral IV access”. In light of such challenges, many of these patients will require placement of central lines to administer standard medications that could have otherwise been delivered via PIVs. These patients are subject to the risks associated with central line placement and maintenance. By increasing the use of bedside ultrasound (BUS), an imaging modality that allows one to directly visualize a patient's important arm vasculature to guide placement of difficult peripheral IVs, we propose to ultimately eliminate “poor/difficult peripheral IV access” as an acceptable indication for central lines. To this end, we implemented a workshop, including didactic and hands on BUS guided PIV insertions, to train a small group of Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) nurses. Subsequently, the data collected about nursing experience with this novel procedure showed that over 60 insertions were completed within the first 60 days following training. Furthermore, in comparison to standard technique, 50% fewer skin punctures were needed for successful IV insertion using bedside ultrasound. Interestingly, 48 and 24% of successfully completed BUS guided PIVs resulted in avoidance or removal of a central line, respectively. As such 33 central line days were avoided and “poor peripheral IV access” as a primary indication for central line maintenance was decreased by 25% after the implementation of our BUS guided PIV training course. In conclusion, our initial results suggest that this work could be successful, and in this context, the use of BUS in the MICU for placement of difficult PIVs has gained wider acceptance and incorporation into our MICU nursing practice, with nurse-to-nurse education at the forefront of this process. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American intensive care unit intravenous catheter society ultrasound EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arm blood flow central venous catheter dehydration drug abuse drug therapy edema human imaging nurse nursing nursing education nursing practice obesity patient procedures puncture risk skin training workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 274 TITLE Response to regulatory stringency: The case of antipsychotic medication use in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Bowblis J.R. Crystal S. Intrator O. Lucas J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bowblis J.R., jbowblis@muohio.edu) Department of Economics, Miami University, 3044 Farmer School of Business, Oxford, OH 45056, United States. (Crystal S.; Lucas J.A.) Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States. (Intrator O.) Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University and Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.R. Bowblis, Department of Economics, Miami University, 3044 Farmer School of Business, Oxford, OH 45056, United States. Email: jbowblis@muohio.edu SOURCE Health Economics (United Kingdom) (2012) 21:8 (977-993). Date of Publication: August 2012 ISSN 1057-9230 1099-1050 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT This paper studies the impact of regulatory stringency, as measured by the statewide deficiency citation rate over the past year, on the quality of care provided in a national sample of nursing homes from 2000 to 2005. The quality measure used is the proportion of residents who are using antipsychotic medication. Although the changing case-mix of nursing home residents accounts for some of the increase in the use of antipsychotics, we find that the use of antipsychotics by nursing homes is responsive to state regulatory enforcement in a manner consistent with the multitasking incentive problem. Specifically, the effect of the regulations is dependent on the degree of complementarity between the regulatory deficiency and the use of antipsychotics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent (pharmacoeconomics) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) government regulation nursing home psychopharmacotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug abuse drug use health care cost health care policy health care quality human immobilization medicaid medicare mental health service nursing staff practice guideline priority journal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012384579 MEDLINE PMID 21882284 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21882284) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.1775 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 275 TITLE The Experiences of Nurses With Mental Health Problems: Colleagues' Perspectives AUTHOR NAMES Joyce T. Higgins I. Magin P. Goode S. Pond D. Stone T. Elsom S. O'Neill K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joyce T., terry.joyce@newcastle.edu.au; Higgins I., Isabel.higgins@newcastle.edu.au; Magin P., Parker.magin@newcastle.edu.au; Goode S., Susan.goode@newcastle.edu.au; Pond D., Dimity.pond@newcastle.edu.au; Stone T., Teresa.stone@newcastle.edu.au; Elsom S., sjelsom@unimelb.edu.au; O'Neill K.) Discipline of General Practice, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. (Joyce T., terry.joyce@newcastle.edu.au; Higgins I., Isabel.higgins@newcastle.edu.au; Magin P., Parker.magin@newcastle.edu.au; Goode S., Susan.goode@newcastle.edu.au; Pond D., Dimity.pond@newcastle.edu.au; Stone T., Teresa.stone@newcastle.edu.au; Elsom S., sjelsom@unimelb.edu.au; O'Neill K.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. (Joyce T., terry.joyce@newcastle.edu.au; Higgins I., Isabel.higgins@newcastle.edu.au; Magin P., Parker.magin@newcastle.edu.au; Goode S., Susan.goode@newcastle.edu.au; Pond D., Dimity.pond@newcastle.edu.au; Stone T., Teresa.stone@newcastle.edu.au; Elsom S., sjelsom@unimelb.edu.au; O'Neill K.) NSWNA, Australian Nursing Federation NSW Branch, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Joyce, Discipline of General Practice, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. Email: terry.joyce@newcastle.edu.au SOURCE Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (2012) 26:4 (324-332). Date of Publication: August 2012 ISSN 0883-9417 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT A 3-stage qualitative study conducted in 2008 aimed to explore the issues to inform a mental health education program to deliver to nurses. This article presents the findings of Stage 1. Data were collected from semistructured interviews conducted with 14 Australian nurses. The interviews explored nurses' knowledge and understanding of mental health problems and their workplace experiences of working with nurses with mental health problems. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed for the main themes: textbook knowledge, day-to-day support, and workplace considerations. These nurses' narratives guided the implementation of a mental health education workshop targeting nurses (Stage 2). © 2012 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude malpractice mental disease nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult alcoholism anxiety disorder article Australia automutilation bullying counseling defense mechanism depression education female human middle aged nursing pilot study psychiatric nursing psychologic test psychological aspect public relations social support workplace LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22835752 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22835752) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2011.12.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 276 TITLE Riding the wave of younger residents in long-term care. AUTHOR NAMES Kaldy J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kaldy J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Kaldy, SOURCE The Consultant pharmacist : the journal of the American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (2012) 27:8 (538-543). Date of Publication: Aug 2012 ISSN 0888-5109 ABSTRACT Younger patients represent a growing percentage of nursing facility residents. Patients younger than 65 years of age comprise about 14% of the population in this setting. They are victims of traumatic brain or spinal cord injuries and diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease. These individuals present some novel challenges for pharmacists and other practitioners because they often are more informed and involved in their care, have younger family members (including small children), have addiction issues, and may have expected life spans much longer than the average elder nursing facility resident. By understanding these individuals and their special needs and issues, pharmacists can help maximize the quality of care younger residents receive, enhancing their quality of life. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care quality long term care nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult age article human methodology middle aged organization and management pharmacist pharmacy quality of life standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22910174 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22910174) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 277 TITLE CMS seeks to reduce antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with dementia AUTHOR NAMES Mitka M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mitka M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Mitka, SOURCE JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association (2012) 308:2 (119-121). Date of Publication: 11 Jul 2012 ISSN 0098-7484 1538-3598 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United States. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia (drug therapy, drug therapy) drug use nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS behavior disorder (drug therapy) disease association drug abuse exercise health care planning health care quality human mortality nursing home pain assessment patient care patient safety priority journal short survey training EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012399825 MEDLINE PMID 22782393 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22782393) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.7422 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 278 TITLE Quasi-experimental evaluation of a substance use awareness educational intervention for nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Cadiz D.M. O'Neill C. Butell S.S. Epeneter B.J. Basin B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cadiz D.M., cadiz@oregonrn.org; O'Neill C.) WorkHealthy Oregon, Oregon Nurses Foundation, Tualatin, United States. (Butell S.S.; Epeneter B.J.) Linfield-Good Samaritan School of Nursing, Portland, OR, United States. (Basin B.) Oregon Health and Sciences, University School of Nursing, Portland, OR, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. M. Cadiz, Oregon Nurses Foundation, 18765 SW Boones Ferry Road, Suite 200, Tualatin, OR 97062, United States. Email: cadiz@oregonrn.org SOURCE Journal of Nursing Education (2012) 51:7 (411-415). Date of Publication: July 2012 ISSN 0148-4834 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT This article reports on a study that evaluated the effectiveness of an educational intervention, Addressing Nurse Impairment, for addressing nursing students' knowledge acquisition, changes in self-efficacy to intervene, and changes in substance abuse stigma. A gap exists in nursing students' education regarding the risks of addiction within the profession and how to handle a colleague suspected of having a substance use disorder. The seminar was adapted from an existing evidence-based prevention program called Team Awareness, as well as information from focus groups and a pilot test. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate the effect of the seminar. When the control and experimental groups were compared, the results indicated that the seminar significantly affected knowledge and self-efficacy to intervene but did not significantly affect stigma. This research contributes to the body of evidence related to educational interventions for nursing students regarding substance abuse in the nursing profession. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) awareness health care quality malpractice nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article case control study female human male nursing education self concept social stigma United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22588623 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22588623) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20120515-02 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 279 TITLE Atypical neck of femur fractures presenting without a history of acute fall. A case series AUTHOR NAMES Doyle J. Murphy E. O'Connor G.S. Brazil E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Doyle J.; Murphy E.; O'Connor G.S.; Brazil E.) Department of Emergency Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Doyle, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Ireland. SOURCE Irish Journal of Medical Science (2012) 181 SUPPL. 3 (S98). Date of Publication: July 2012 CONFERENCE NAME RAMI Section of Interns Study Day 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Dublin, Ireland CONFERENCE DATE 2012-04-21 to 2012-04-21 ISSN 0021-1265 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer London ABSTRACT Spontaneous hip fractures, or fractures without a fall have been described in up to 6 % (1, 2) of cases of hip fracture. An upsurge in such cases was recently observed in our emergency department. We present these in the form of a retrospective case series. Patient 1 is a 43-year-old ex intravenous drug user who presented with non-traumatic right-sided hip pain over a period of weeks. Initial plain films did not reveal fracture. Over 1 week her symptoms deteriorated to the extent that she became unable to weight-bear. Patient 2 is a 66-year-old gentleman with increasing left sided hip pain following a seemingly innocuous fall 3 months prior to index presentation. Again initial radiographs did not reveal an abnormality. Patient 3 is an 83-year-old bed-bound nursing home resident with end-stage Alzheimer's disease. She was noted by nursing staff to have bilateral hip symptoms post seizure. The patient was unable to mobilise independently and had not fallen out of bed at any stage. Patient 4 is a 29-year-old lady who presented with unilateral sacroiliac pain following a recent intensive exercise program including kickboxing 1 week previously. In each of these cases, subsequent review and plain films demonstrated fracture and in one case bilateral fractures secondary to seizure were demonstrated. Our cases highlight the need for diagnostic vigilance and a structured approach in dealing with possible radiologically occult hip fractures, even in patients with no proximate antecedent history of trauma. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) case study femur fracture neck EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alertness Alzheimer disease diagnosis emergency ward exercise fracture hip hip fracture hip pain human immobility injury intravenous drug abuse kickboxing nursing home patient nursing staff pain patient seizure weight X ray film LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11845-012-0833-6 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 280 TITLE Managing depression for residents in nursing facilities AUTHOR NAMES Mort J.R. Remund K.E. Bradley B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mort J.R., Jane.Mort@sdstate.edu) South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, United States. (Remund K.E.) Sanford University, South Dakota Medical Center, Sioux Falls, SD, United States. (Bradley B.) Pacific University, School of Pharmacy, Hillsboro, OR, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.R. Mort, South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, United States. Email: Jane.Mort@sdstate.edu SOURCE Consultant Pharmacist (2012) 27:7 (494-503). Date of Publication: July 2012 ISSN 0888-5109 BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, 1321 Duke Street, Alexandria, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: Review the current Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) Interpretive Guidelines from the State Operations Manual (SOM) in light of evidence for management of depression found in the literature. Data Sources: Articles indexed in PubMed for the last 20 years, American Psychiatric Association Guidelines, CMS Interpretive Guidelines from the SOM, and The American Medical Directors Association (AMDA) Guidelines. St udy Selection and Data Extraction: Forty published papers were reviewed, and criteria supporting the primary objective were used to identify useful resources. Data Synthesis: The literature included guidelines regarding the management of late-life depression (e.g., dosage and duration of therapy). This literature was examined in relation to the current CMS Interpretive Guidelines, which are provided to state surveyors to help them evaluate whether a nursing facility is in compliance with federal regulations. These guidelines provide explanation and clarification of the actual regulations and so are used during evaluation of the facility. Conclusion: Current recommendations indicate that a first episode of depression should be treated for 12 months beyond full remission, according to AMDA guidelines. Longer treatment durations (maintenance phase) are needed depending on the resident's situation (e.g., severity or number of episodes). In addition, evidence suggests that antidepressants should remain at the same dose through the maintenance phase of treatment. The Interpretive Guidelines require a dosage reduction to the lowest effective dose by decreasing the dose two times in the first year unless "clinically contraindicated to discontinuation" is documented. This correlates to a dosage reduction within the first nine months of antidepressant treatment. This necessitates that in the majority of depressive episodes, clinicians document their rationale for continuing treatment. Clinicians must commit to this process, and surveyors must acknowledge this appropriate approach to depression management. © 2012 American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy) hydrochlorothiazide (drug therapy, oral drug administration) hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (drug therapy, oral drug administration) lisinopril (drug therapy, oral drug administration) paracetamol (drug therapy, oral drug administration) sertraline (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy) simvastatin (oral drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abdominal pain (side effect) bedtime dosage cerebrovascular accident (drug therapy) dizziness (side effect) drug dose reduction drug dose regimen headache (side effect) human hypertension (drug therapy) insomnia (side effect) knee pain (drug therapy) major depression (drug therapy) medicaid medical documentation medicare nausea (side effect) nervousness nursing home nursing home patient osteoarthritis (drug therapy) practice guideline review sensory deprivation (side effect) side effect (side effect) treatment duration vertigo (side effect) withdrawal syndrome (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5) lisinopril (76547-98-3, 83915-83-7) paracetamol (103-90-2) sertraline (79617-96-2) simvastatin (79902-63-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012417146 MEDLINE PMID 22910130 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22910130) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.494 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 281 TITLE The effect of menstruation on psychiatric hospitalization AUTHOR NAMES Weston J. Speroni K.G. Ellis T. Daniel M.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weston J., jweston@shorehealth.org; Ellis T.) Shore Health System, Cambridge, United States. (Speroni K.G.) Nursing Research Council, United Kingdom. (Daniel M.G.) Shore Health System, Easton, MD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Weston, Shore Health System, 300 Byrn Street, Cambridge, MD 21613, United States. Email: jweston@shorehealth.org SOURCE Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (2012) 50:7 (39-43). Date of Publication: July 2012 ISSN 0279-3695 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of menstruation on psychiatric hospitalization. We conducted a retrospective chart review of the medical records of 177 women who met the eligibility criteria. Data collected included demographic details, primary and secondary diagnoses, date of last menstrual period (LMP), medication adherence, psychiatric hospitalization length of stay, previous psychiatric admissions (including those related to menstruation), discharge referrals, and readmissions. The majority of women were admitted for major depression, were single, Caucasian, and had a mean age of 34. A disproportionate percentage (37%) of women had their LMP within 5 days of psychiatric hospitalization (p = 0.0006). The overall average length of stay was 4.37 days, and 48.3% had a previous psychiatric admission. Medication adherence was routinely not documented (77.4%). Psychiatric hospitalizations for women are significantly greater within 5 days of their LMP. Nursing education and improved documentation are warranted to decrease the potential for readmission. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bipolar disorder hospitalization major depression EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent adult article female hospital human menstruation middle aged nursing patient education premenstrual syndrome psychiatric department psychological aspect retrospective study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22694781 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22694781) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20120605-01 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 282 TITLE Beta blocker treatment of heart failure patients with ongoing cocaine use AUTHOR NAMES Narveson S. Fesel N.M. Littmann L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Narveson S.; Fesel N.M.; Littmann L.) Internal Medicine, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Narveson, Internal Medicine, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, United States. SOURCE Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care (2012) 41 4 (430-431). Date of Publication: July-August 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 8th Annual Conference of the American Association of Heart Failure Nurses, AAHFN 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-06-28 to 2012-06-30 ISSN 0147-9563 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Current guidelines recommend beta blocker therapy for all stable adult heart failure patients with a reduced ejection fraction, unless contraindicated. Mostheart failureguidelines,however, considerongoing cocaine use to be a contraindication to beta blocker therapy. This leaves cardiomyopathy patients who are unable to quit cocaine with few options for improving their ejection fraction and quality of life. Methods: In a disease management program for indigent patients with advanced heart failure, our policy is not to withhold beta blocker treatment for patients with cocaine cardiomyopathy regardless of their abstinence status. The purpose of this retrospective study is to present4 cases inwhombeta blocker therapyresulted in rapid normalization or near-normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) despite admitted and/or documented ongoing cocaine use. Each patient was started on low dose carvedilol and was quickly titrated until therapeutic dose was reached. We closely monitored the patients for hypertension and for signs of heart failure exacerbation. At each visit we counseled the patients on the risks of cocaine use including possible interaction between cocaine and beta blocker as well as the benefits of cocaine cessation, and drug rehabilitation was offered for all. Results: In the last 2 years we found 4 patients (3 male; mean age 53.3) who experienced full or almost full recovery of LVEF during treatment with betablocker despite ongoing cocaine use. None of the patients were on beta blocker on admission to the clinic but by 21/2 months, each patient was titrated to carvedilol 25 mg BID. At a follow-up interval of 6-13 months (mean, 9.25 months), the mean NYHA functional class dropped from a mean of 2.75 to 1.25, and the LVEF increased from 5-15% up to 55-60% (mean, from 12.3% to 48.8%). Each patient was originally admitted to the clinic after a hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure, but none of the patients required rehospitalization in the year after enrollment. Conclusion: Beta blocker therapy appears to be highly beneficial in some cocaine cardiomyopathy patients, even in those with ongoing cocaine use. Of all available medications for systolic heart failure, only beta blockers have been shown to result in an increase in LVEF. The dramatic improvement in clinical and echocardiographic parameters in our patients, therefore, was almost certainly related to the use of beta blocker. We feel that urgent research is needed to explore the possible risks versus benefits of using beta blockers in the cocaine cardiomyopathy patient population. From a nursing perspective it is important to recognize that in heart failure patients ongoing cocaine abuse may not be an absolute contraindication to beta blocker therapy. It is also essential that nurses continue to educate patients on the benefits of cocaine cessation as the primary treatment modality. In addition, until further research more definitely proves the safety of beta blockers in this patient population, patients need to be advised of the possible risks and should be closely monitored for cocaine chest pain, hypertension, heart failure exacerbation and arrhythmias. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent cocaine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS carvedilol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heart failure human nurse patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence abuse acute heart failure adult cardiomyopathy disease management drug therapy follow up heart arrhythmia heart ejection fraction heart left ventricle ejection fraction hospital hospital readmission hospitalization hypertension indigent low drug dose male nursing parameters plant leaf policy population quality of life rehabilitation retrospective study risk safety systolic heart failure therapy thorax pain LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 283 TITLE The pain-free ward: Myth or reality AUTHOR NAMES Morton N.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morton N.S., neilmorton@mac.com) Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.S. Morton, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow G3 8SJ, United Kingdom. Email: neilmorton@mac.com SOURCE Paediatric Anaesthesia (2012) 22:6 (527-529). Date of Publication: June 2012 ISSN 1155-5645 1460-9592 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Over the last 25 years, pediatric care has changed dramatically with increased survival after premature birth, more complex care, better outcomes, and reduced mortality. There is a better understanding of how pain pathways and receptor systems develop and also how to assess pain at different stages of development. The myth that children do not feel pain has been comprehensively dispelled. Safe analgesic dose regimens for neonates, infants, and children have been developed based upon a better understanding of developmental pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It is a myth that pain in children cannot be prevented or treated safely and effectively because of the risks of adverse effects and addiction. Large-scale prospective audits have clarified the safety profile and risk-benefit balance for different techniques. There is now a substantial evidence base supporting many techniques of postoperative and procedural pain management for all age-groups of children. Guidelines based upon systematic review of this evidence have been published and updated, but the real challenge is in implementation of accurate pain assessment and safe, effective pain management comprehensively to all children whatever the procedure, clinical setting, developmental stage of the child, or comorbidities. In developed countries, these are core topics in the education of all doctors and nurses who care for children, and they are integrated into clinical practice by acute pediatric pain teams for most hospitals. However, it is disappointing that many country's healthcare systems do not give pediatric pain management a priority and in many parts of the world there are no analgesics available. So pain-free healthcare is sadly lacking in many hospitals. My hope is that the current knowledge can be used more effectively to relieve the unnecessary suffering of children in the 21st century. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug therapy) opiate (drug therapy) paracetamol (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia child care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS comorbidity drug dependence drug safety evidence based practice health care system human mortality pain (drug therapy) pain assessment patient controlled analgesia practice guideline prematurity priority journal review risk benefit analysis survival CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) paracetamol (103-90-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012297459 MEDLINE PMID 22594405 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22594405) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2012.03881.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 284 TITLE Three hours of training improve psychiatric staff's self-perceived knowledge and attitudes toward problem-drinking patients AUTHOR NAMES Nehlin C. Fredriksson A. Grönbladh L. Jansson L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nehlin C., christina.nehlin.gordh@akademiska.se; Fredriksson A.; Grönbladh L.; Jansson L.) Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. (Nehlin C., christina.nehlin.gordh@akademiska.se; Grönbladh L.) Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Nehlin, Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, UAS ing 15, 3rd floor, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Email: christina.nehlin.gordh@akademiska.se SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Review (2012) 31:4 (544-549). Date of Publication: June 2012 ISSN 0959-5236 1465-3362 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Introduction and Aims. Staff attitudes are an important factor in the successful implementation of systematic alcohol strategies and policies. The forms and extent of training needed to improve therapeutic attitude among psychiatric staff to problem drinking are unclear. The aim of the investigation was to study the knowledge and attitudes of psychiatric staff toward problem-drinking patients. A further aim was to investigate whether a short 3h training is sufficient to improve knowledge and therapeutic attitude toward problem drinking. Design and Methods. A tailored training model for psychiatric staff (non-physicians) was carried out at a medium size university clinic. Participants were medical (nurses and psychiatric aides) and non-medical staff (psychologists and social workers). The training consisted of a 2h workshop and a 1h follow-up session. Knowledge and attitudes were measured at baseline and follow up by a questionnaire including vignettes assessment and the Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire. Results. In total, 115 persons completed the questionnaire (follow-up rate 83.5%). The distribution was even (50% for the medical and 50% for the non-medical staff). After training, the non-medical staff estimated vignette case severity higher than before. Both staff groups estimated their capacity to help a patient with complex problems higher after training. Role adequacy was higher in both subgroups after training. Medical staff scored work satisfaction higher after the training. Discussion and Conclusions. Three hours of tailored training for psychiatric staff improve their knowledge and therapeutic attitude to problem-drinking patients. © 2011 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) attitude to health drinking behavior (therapy) health care personnel health personnel attitude in service training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education female human male questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22050211 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22050211) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00373.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 285 TITLE Meeting the physical health-care needs of people with substance misuse problems: evaluation of a nurse-led blood-borne virus programme. AUTHOR NAMES Callaghan P. Phillips P. Khalil E. Carter T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Callaghan P.) School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. (Phillips P.; Khalil E.; Carter T.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Callaghan, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Physiotherapy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. Email: patrick.callaghan@nottingham.ac.uk SOURCE International journal of mental health nursing (2012) 21:3 (248-258). Date of Publication: Jun 2012 ISSN 1447-0349 (electronic) ABSTRACT People who inject substances are at high risk of many physical health problems. The Blood-Borne Virus Programme (BBVP) is a nurse-led health screening programme for blood-borne conditions in substance misusers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the service delivery, organization, and outcomes of the BBVP. The researchers used a case study with three units of analysis: BBVP clinical activities during 1 year using a prospective audit; service users' (n = 20) and professional stakeholders' (n = 10) experiences of the BBVP using semistructured interviews; and service users' (n = 132) satisfaction with the BBVP using a satisfaction measure. The BBVP conducted 4450 consultations with 1940 service users; 847 of whom were new, and presented with many health problems compromising their physical health. The BBVP provided a range of interventions meeting its users' physical health needs. Users and other stakeholders were very satisfied with the service, and suggested ways in which the service might improve. The BBVP appeared to meet the physical health-care needs of people dependent on drugs. Nurse-led services, such as the BBVP, offer a solution that, in the view of users and professional stakeholders, is impacting significantly on the physical health and well-being of people dependent on drugs. © 2012 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2012 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bloodborne bacterium substance abuse (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article evaluation study female health service human male middle aged nursing patient satisfaction prevalence viremia (prevention) virology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22533332 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22533332) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00822.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 286 TITLE Nursing home residents dying with dementia in flanders, belgium: A nationwide study on clinical characteristics and quality of dying AUTHOR NAMES Vandervoort A. Van Den Block L. Van Der Steen J.T. Volicer L. Vander Stichele R. Houttekier D. Deliens L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vandervoort A.; Houttekier D.; Deliens L.) End-of-Life Care Research Group VUB-UGent, Brussels, Belgium. (Van Den Block L.) End-of-Life Care Research Group VUB-UGent, Brussel, Belgium. (Van Den Block L.) Department of Family Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. (Van Der Steen J.T.; Deliens L.) VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands. (Volicer L.) University of South Florida, Tampa, United States. (Vander Stichele R.) Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Vandervoort, End-of-Life Care Research Group VUB-UGent, Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE Palliative Medicine (2012) 26:4 (407-408). Date of Publication: June 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 7th World Research Congress of the European Association for Palliative Care, EAPC 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Trondheim, Norway CONFERENCE DATE 2012-06-07 to 2012-06-09 ISSN 0269-2163 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Considering the expected increase in incidence and prevalence of dementia in older adults, dying well with dementia is a major public health challenge. However, we lack large-scale and representative data describing the clinical characteristics and quality of dying of people with dementia in nursing homes. Method: A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using a random cluster sampling procedure in Flanders, Belgium, in 2010. In selected nursing homes, all deaths of residents with dementia in a study period of three months were reported. For each deceased resident, the nurse most involved in care, the general practitioner and the nursing home administrator answered questions regarding the resident's health status, clinical complications in the last month and week of life, and quality of dying. The Cognitive Performance Scale and Global Deterioration Scale were used to define advanced dementia. Results: In 69 nursing homes (58% response rate), we identified 198 residents with dementia. Of those, 53.5% had advanced dementia. In the last month of life, 95.5% of residents with dementia had one or more sentinel events such as eating/drinking problems, febrile episodes or pneumonia. Most frequently reported symptoms (SM-EOLD) in the last month of life were pain, fear, anxiety and agitation. In the last week of life difficulty swallowing and pain were reported most frequently (CAD-EOLD). Decubitus was present in 26.9%, incontinence in 89.2% and cachexia in 45.8%. Physical restraints were used in 21.4% and 10.0% died outside the nursing home. Comparing advanced dementia with less advanced stages revealed few differences between groups regarding clinical complications, distressing symptoms or quality of dying Conclusion: Regardless of the stage of dementia, many nursing home residents develop important clinical complications and experience distressing symptoms in the last phase of life, posing major challenges to caregivers in nursing homes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Belgium dementia human nursing home patient palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel adult agitation anxiety cachexia caregiver cross-sectional study death decubitus deterioration exercise fear general practitioner health status incontinence nurse nursing home pain pneumonia prevalence procedures public health sampling sentinel event swallowing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216312446391 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 287 TITLE Nursing home residents dying with dementia in flanders, belgium: A nationwide post-mortem study on quality of end-of-life care and quality of dying AUTHOR NAMES Van Den Block L. Vandervoort A. Deliens L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Van Den Block L.; Vandervoort A.; Deliens L.) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, UGhent and VUB End-of-Life Care Research Group, Brussels, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Van Den Block, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, UGhent and VUB End-of-Life Care Research Group, Brussels, Belgium. SOURCE Palliative Medicine (2012) 26:4 (447). Date of Publication: June 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 7th World Research Congress of the European Association for Palliative Care, EAPC 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Trondheim, Norway CONFERENCE DATE 2012-06-07 to 2012-06-09 ISSN 0269-2163 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Ltd ABSTRACT Background: There is a lack of nationwide data describing the circumstances of dying for people with dementia. We aimed to investigate quality of end-of-life care and quality of dying of nursing home residents with dementia in Belgium. Methods: We conducted a post-mortem study (2010) using random cluster-sampling. In selected nursing homes, all deceased residents with dementia in a 3-month period were reported. For each case the nurse most involved in care, GP and nursing home administrator reported health status, clinical complications, end-of-life care, advance care planning and quality of dying using SM-EOLD, CAD-EOLD and QUALID. We used Cognitive Performance Scale and Global Deterioration Scale to assess dementia. Findings: We identified 198 deceased residents with dementia in 69 nursing homes; 54% with advanced dementia. In the last month of life 95% had one or more sentinel events eg eating/drinking problems, febrile episodes, or pneumonia. Most frequently reported symptoms were pain, fear, anxiety, agitation and resistance to care. In the last week of life, difficulty swallowing and pain were reported most frequently. Palliative care records were present for 62% of cases and a palliative care task group discussion took place in 49%. According to the GP 9% had a written advance directive and for 76% a physician order limiting life-sustaining treatments was present, discussed with patients in 11% of cases. A legal representative was appointed in 6% of cases. At the end of life, one or more life-sustaining treatments were provided in 31% of cases. Comparing different stages of dementia revealed few differences between groups. Interpretation: Regardless of the dementia stage, many nursing home residents develop serious clinical complications in the last phase of life, posing major challenges to the provision of optimum end-of-life care. While half of the deceased residents develop to an advanced stage of dementia, advance patient directives are hardly present. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Belgium dementia human nursing home patient palliative therapy terminal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel agitation anxiety deterioration fear health status life sustaining treatment living will nurse nursing home pain patient patient care physician pneumonia sampling sentinel event swallowing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216312446391 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 288 TITLE Levels of empathy in undergraduate nursing students AUTHOR NAMES McKenna L. Boyle M. Brown T. Williams B. Molloy A. Lewis B. Molloy L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McKenna L., Lisa.McKenna@monash.edu) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. (Boyle M.; Williams B.) Department of Community Emergency Health and Paramedic Practice, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia. (Brown T.; Molloy A.) Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia. (Lewis B.) Department of Health Science, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia. (Molloy L.) School of Primary Health Care, Monash University, Notting Hill, VIC, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. McKenna, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Building 13C, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia. Email: Lisa.McKenna@monash.edu SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Practice (2012) 18:3 (246-251). Date of Publication: June 2012 ISSN 1322-7114 1440-172X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell, 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Empathy and absence of prejudice and stigma are instrumental in facilitating effective nurse-patient relations. This study assessed empathy levels and regard for specific medical conditions in undergraduate nursing students. A cross-sectional study was undertaken using paper-based versions of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and Medical Condition Regard Scale (MCRS), along with a brief set of demographic questions. Participants reported good empathy levels on JSPE. Attitudes towards intellectual disability, chronic pain, acute mental illness and terminal illness rated well on MCRS. Attitudes towards substance abuse, however, were lower. There were no significant differences between age groups, gender or year level of study. Overall results of this study were positive. Nursing students demonstrated acceptable empathy levels. Attitudes towards patients who abuse substances highlight an area that needs both further exploration and addressing. Attitudes towards mental health diagnoses were particularly favourable given that these often attract stigma and negative attitudes. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) empathy nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22621294 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22621294) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2012.02035.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 289 TITLE 2012 Beers criteria update: how should practicing nurses use the criteria? AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of gerontological nursing (2012) 38:6 (3-5). Date of Publication: Jun 2012 ISSN 0098-9134 ABSTRACT The continued development of explicit lists of medications to avoid in older adults, such as the Beers criteria, is a key initiative in geriatrics. The involvement of nurse in this endeavor is critical , and nursing research, education, and practice will help not only develop but also disseminate important pharmacological management information to the public and thereby decrease drug-related problems and improve the health of older adults. Lastly, we wish to acknowledge Dr. Mark Beers' tremendous leadership in conceptualizing the importance of medication management in older adults and in acknowledging the significance of the full-team approach in patient care. Mark, who passed away in 2009, was an incredible mentor and true champion of safe medication use in adults. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) geriatric nursing nurse practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged drug therapy editorial human manpower nursing organization standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22657720 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22657720) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20120517-01 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 290 TITLE VITAL (Virtual Interactive Teaching and Learning) pain assessment AUTHOR NAMES Musclow S. Parry M. Barry M. MacAuley J. Chavez F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Musclow S.; Parry M.; Barry M.; MacAuley J.; Chavez F.) University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Musclow, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. SOURCE Pain Research and Management (2012) 17:3 (217). Date of Publication: May-June 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 2012 Annual Conference of the Canadian Pain Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Whistler, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-23 to 2012-05-26 ISSN 1203-6765 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT AIM: To determine the feasibility of teaching and learning pain assessment skills to Nurse Practitioner (NP) students through an interactive virtual simulation environment using a Canadian Pain Society Nursing Issues Special Interest Group (CPS NI SIG) developed pain scenario. METHODS: In this pilot, a CPS NI SIG pain scenario was presented to four different groups of NP students. Each group consisted of one remote and one to two onsite student participants. Remote students gained access virtually to the Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing Simulation lab through a web conferencing tool (Adobe Connect). An acute pain scenario which included addiction risk factors was edited and scripted to ensure consistency of format, duration and level of difficulty. Standardized patients (SP) were used to ensure uniformity. Students worked together to perform advanced history taking and physical examination skills. A generic scoring template was used to rate student performance. Students were allotted 60 minutes for each scenario (30 minute history taking and physical exam, 20 minute debriefing, and 10 minute scenario rotation and setup). Each scenario consisted of an examiner, facilitator, and IT support person. Evaluations from the students, examiners and facilitators were collected. RESULTS: Participants agreed that the virtual classroom environment facilitated student learning (100%), improved their history taking skills (100%), and increased their overall learning within the course (100%). CONCLUSIONS: The use of pain case scenarios within a virtual learning environment improved history taking skills and overall learning experiences for students in a graduate health assessment course. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) learning pain pain assessment society teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction anamnesis environment graduate health human learning environment nurse practitioner nursing patient physical examination risk factor simulation skill student LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 291 TITLE One green bottle AUTHOR NAMES Khan S. Perraju B. Powell T.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Khan S.) Paediatrics, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, United Kingdom. (Perraju B.) Paediatrics, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, United Kingdom. (Powell T.G.) Paediatrics, Ysbyty Gwnedd, Bangor, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Khan, Paediatrics, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, United Kingdom. SOURCE Archives of Disease in Childhood (2012) 97 SUPPL. 1 (A8-A9). Date of Publication: May 2012 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Conference of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, RCPCH 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Glasgow, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-22 to 2012-05-24 ISSN 0003-9888 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Introduction Most paediatricians are familiar with the diagnosis and management of neonatal abstinence syndrome in babies of mothers who have taken opiate drugs during pregnancy. We report a case in which parents tried to prevent opiate withdrawal symptoms in their baby by giving her regular doses of methadone from birth without medical advice. Case report AB presented to our emergency department at 7 months of age with respiratory symptoms and signs suggestive of a chest infection. This was her third admission within two months, the first two having been with mild RSV (+) ve bronchiolitis and with X-ray changes suggestive of aspiration pneumonia respectively. AB's family was known to social services owing to previous domestic violence and drug abuse. During this admission nurses had noted erratic maternal behaviour culminating in the discovery of AB being fed green-coloured milk. Analysis of both the milk and AB's urine revealed significant levels of methadone. AB's blood methadone level was above the lethal range signifying high tolerance to methadone. With no experience to guide us with this unique case we consulted colleagues from the adult drug service to determine our approach to management. We present our experience. Conclusion We found no previous reports of parental 'diagnosis and treatment' of neonatal abstinence syndrome or of the medical management of opiate addiction in older babies and children. Although this case appears unique we believe paediatricians should be increasingly alert to the possibility of clandestine methadone administration to babies by parents with a history of drug abuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methadone opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health college pediatrics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aspiration pneumonia baby blood bronchiolitis case report chest infection child diagnosis disease management domestic violence drug abuse emergency ward female human milk mother nurse opiate addiction parent pediatrician pregnancy social work urine withdrawal syndrome X ray LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.20 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 292 TITLE Alcohol, violence and substance related presentations to a&e in 16-18 year olds: The need for targeted adolescent services AUTHOR NAMES Wright K. Oyeyinka K. Gilmour I. Salter R. Maconochie I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wright K.) Foundation Year 1, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom. (Oyeyinka K.) Foundation Year 1, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Gilmour I.; Salter R.; Maconochie I.) Paediatric Emergency Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Wright K.; Oyeyinka K.) School of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Wright, Foundation Year 1, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom. SOURCE Archives of Disease in Childhood (2012) 97 SUPPL. 1 (A150). Date of Publication: May 2012 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Conference of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, RCPCH 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Glasgow, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-22 to 2012-05-24 ISSN 0003-9888 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Hazardous and harmful drinking patterns are increasing in adolescents. Heavy adolescent drinkers are more likely to continue as hazardous drinkers. Furthermore, alcohol and substance misuse in young adults is linked to violence and mental health problems later in life, meaning these problems should be managed as early as possible. This audit's aim was to ascertain the influence of alcohol, substance abuse and violence, on presentations to A&E, of 16-18 year-olds over one year. Method Symphony computer tracking system was used. Presentations of patients aged 16 to 18 years from 1 March 2010 to 1 March 2011 were studied. Their presenting complaints were recorded; non-specific presenting complaints were explored individually for misuse of alcohol, substance abuse and/or violence. Results There were 2192 presentations. 'Apparently drunk' and 'assault' featured in the top 20 presenting complaints; 9.1% of all presentations involved violence and 4% involved alcohol (figure 1). These presenting complaints are only the tip of the iceberg (figure 2). Many triaged cases did not specify whether alcohol, violence or substance abuse were involved. Cases may be missed by not being flagged up at the triage stage. Impact Subsequently, a multidisciplinary group including nurses and doctors from paediatric and adult A&E have established guidelines for referral and produced an adolescent related proforma to ask about sexual health, mental health, alcohol and substance misuse. As the hospital became a Major Trauma Centre in January 2011, the number of cause for concern forms increased by a factor of 8, many being patients in the 16-18 year age bracket. This meant a steep learning curve for adult A&E doctors and nurses. Children, adolescents, vulnerable young people are discussed at the weekly interdepartmental meeting (includes CAMHS team, substance misuse and alcohol worker, and liaison social workers). Alcohol and substance misuse information and advice leaflets, geared to adolescents, are available in the Emergency Department. Having set these standards, this work will be repeated in one year to see if there has been an improvement in the quality of care delivered to this vulnerable group. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent child health college human pediatrics violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult assault child computer drinking behavior emergency health service emergency ward hospital iceberg injury learning curve medical audit mental health nurse patient physician sexual health social worker substance abuse worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.354 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 293 TITLE Impact of standardised documentation on post take ward round AUTHOR NAMES Newnham A. Hine C. Agwu J.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Newnham A.; Hine C.; Agwu J.C.) Paediatrics, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Newnham, Paediatrics, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom. SOURCE Archives of Disease in Childhood (2012) 97 SUPPL. 1 (A108-A109). Date of Publication: May 2012 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Conference of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, RCPCH 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Glasgow, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-22 to 2012-05-24 ISSN 0003-9888 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Aims Does the acronym “Please Verify Info For Doctors and Please Note Every Plan” (Problems, Vital signs, Investigations, Fluids, Drugs and Patient/Parent concerns, Nursing concerns, Examination, Plan) improve documentation on the post take ward round (PTWR). Does improved documentation affect readmission rate and length of stay? Methods 50 consecutive notes for all children admitted under a single Consultant Paediatrician from June-September 2010 (pre-acronym) were compared to 50 consecutive notes for children admitted June-September 2011 (post-acronym). The adequacy of documentation on the PTWR including patient demographics was compared between the two cohorts. As a secondary outcome we evaluated whether the length of hospital stay and readmission (within 28 days) varied between the two cohorts. Significance values were calculated using Fisher's exact test and paired T-Test. Results The documentation of problem, investigations, fluids, drugs, patient/parental concerns and nursing concerns all showed significant improvement in recorded documentation after the introduction of the PTWR acronym (table 1). There was no significant change in documentation of vital signs, examination and plan; although these variables all had high documentary compliance prior to the introduction of the acronym. There was no significant difference between length of stay (p=0.8934) or re-admission rates (p=0.2044) between the two cohorts. The patient demographics did not differ signifi- cantly between the two cohorts. Conclusion The use of a PTWR acronym significantly improves documentation. This is important as the PTWR is the key forum for exchange of information between doctor, nurse and patient. As the PTWR often defines the focus of management it is essential that we strive to incorporate methods to improve its documentation and hence implementation. (Table Presented). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health college documentation pediatrics ward EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child consultation examination Fisher exact test hospital readmission hospitalization human length of stay liquid nurse nursing patient pediatrician physician Student t test vital sign LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.257 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 294 TITLE Making the links between cultural safety and let's get real. AUTHOR NAMES Hughes M. McKay L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hughes M.) Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology. (McKay L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Hughes, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology. SOURCE Nursing New Zealand (Wellington, N.Z. : 1995) (2012) 18:4 (26-28). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 1173-2032 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural competence indigenous people nurse patient relationship nursing nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult analgesia article cholecystectomy education female human New Zealand social psychology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22866468 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22866468) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 295 TITLE The million hearts™ initiative why psychosocial nurses should care AUTHOR NAMES Swarbrick M. Fitzgerald C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swarbrick M.) Collaborative Support Programs of New Jersey, Freehold, NJ, United States. (Fitzgerald C.) Bridgeway Rehabilitation Services, Elizabeth, NJ, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Swarbrick, Collaborative Support Programs of New Jersey, Freehold, NJ, United States. SOURCE Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (2012) 50:5 (10). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 0279-3695 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT The Million Hearts initiative is a good way to spread the word about cardiovascular health. It is an important initiative that will raise awareness, and nurses in the mental health community should be particularly interested in joining the campaign. Joining forces with Million Hearts will encourage nurses to identify individuals at cardiac risk, ensure they receive treatment for high blood pressure and cholesterol, promote healthy diet and exercise, and support smoke-free environments. Hopefully, this will reduce the number of heart attacks and strokes, as well as death, for people with mental illness. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug administration) cholesterol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction cerebrovascular accident (prevention) government health promotion heart infarction (prevention) mental disease nurse attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS blood comorbidity editorial human hypertension (prevention) nursing organization and management smoking cessation United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) cholesterol (57-88-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22589281 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22589281) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20120410-05 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 296 TITLE Outcomes of Polypharmacy in Nursing Home Residents AUTHOR NAMES Tamura B.K. Bell C.L. Inaba M. Masaki K.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tamura B.K., bktamura@hotmail.com; Bell C.L.; Inaba M.; Masaki K.H.) Department of Geriatric Medicine, The John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatrics, 347 North Kuakini Street, HPM-9, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.K. Tamura, Department of Geriatric Medicine, The John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatrics, 347 North Kuakini Street, HPM-9, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States. Email: bktamura@hotmail.com SOURCE Clinics in Geriatric Medicine (2012) 28:2 (217-236). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 0749-0690 1879-8853 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antiarrhythmic agent antiparkinson agent nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy) paracetamol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) long term care polypharmacy treatment outcome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction ambulatory care cause of death clinical practice cohort analysis cost benefit analysis cost control drug cost drug efficacy drug misuse drug safety drug tolerability drug utilization falling health care cost health insurance high risk patient hip fracture hospitalization hospitalization cost human medication error mortality nursing care observational study osteoarthritis (drug therapy) outcome assessment patient care planning patient compliance patient monitoring pharmaceutical care pharmacist prescription prospective study review risk benefit analysis systematic review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS paracetamol (103-90-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012213714 MEDLINE PMID 22500540 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22500540) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2012.01.005 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 297 TITLE Childhood body size and the risk of liver cancer in adulthood AUTHOR NAMES Landsvig Berentzen T. Gamborg M. Holst C. Sørensen T.I. Baker J.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Landsvig Berentzen T.; Gamborg M.; Holst C.; Sørensen T.I.; Baker J.L.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Landsvig Berentzen, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. SOURCE Obesity Facts (2012) 5 SUPPL. 1 (40). Date of Publication: May 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 19th European Congress on Obesity, ECO2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Lyon, France CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-09 to 2012-05-12 CONFERENCE EDITORS Laville M. ISSN 1662-4025 BOOK PUBLISHER S. Karger AG ABSTRACT Introduction: Childhood overweight may increase the risk of liver cancer in adulthood as a result of early establishment of NAFLD and the associated metabolic complications. We therefore investigated if childhood body size from the ages of 7 to 13 years was associated with the risk of liver cancer in adulthood.Methods: Individuals were 326,423 boys and girls born between 1930 and 1989 from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register. Information on liver cancer was obtained from the Danish Cancer Registry. Anthropometry was measured by school doctors or nurses. Body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated from internal age- and sex-specific references. Hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals) of liver cancer were calculated from Cox proportional hazard models. Results: During follow-up, there were 392 cases of liver cancer. The HR of liver cancer in adulthood was 1.14 (1.02-1.29) per 1-unit increase in BMI z-score at 7 years of age, and 1.24 (1.10-1.39) per 1-unit increase in BMI z-score at 13 years of age. Associations were similar for hepatocellular carcinoma, in boys and girls, consistent across date of birth and essentially unchanged by exclusion of individuals with hepatitis B, C, alcoholic conditions and biliary diseases.Conclusion: Childhood BMI is positively associated with the risk of liver cancer in adulthood. The epidemic of childhood overweight is alarming because, in addition to the adverse health effects in childhood, the epidemic may translate into adverse health effects in adulthood, including liver cancer. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adulthood body size childhood liver cancer obesity risk EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism anthropometry body mass boy cancer registry confidence interval epidemic female follow up girl hazard ratio health hepatitis B human liver cell carcinoma male nurse physician proportional hazards model register school school health service LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000188329 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 298 TITLE Health care for homeless people: the role of emergency nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Davis C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Davis C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Davis, Email: nick.lipley@rcnpublishing.co.uk SOURCE Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association (2012) 20:2 (24-27; quiz 29). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 1354-5752 ABSTRACT The health care of homeless people, of whom there are thousands across the UK, presents several problems to emergency nurses, who often become their primary care providers. Many homeless people have poor physical and mental health, as well as alcohol or drug problems, and they present to emergency departments (EDs), and are admitted to hospitals, more often than other patient groups. This article discusses initiatives in which emergency nurses collaborate with other professionals to improve the care of homeless people in and outside EDs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency nursing health promotion homelessness patient care patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article hospital discharge human injury (therapy) mental disease (therapy) nurse attitude nursing teacher United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22799044 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22799044) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 299 TITLE Student Drug Testing in Nursing Education AUTHOR NAMES Cotter V.T. Glasgow M.E.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cotter V.T., cottervt@nursing.upenn.edu) University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Claire Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Glasgow M.E.S.) Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.T. Cotter, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Claire Fagin Hall, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. Email: cottervt@nursing.upenn.edu SOURCE Journal of Professional Nursing (2012) 28:3 (186-189). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 8755-7223 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Nursing faculty and administrators have a responsibility to keep abreast of current research, legal regulations, and professional standards that affect students in the classroom and clinical setting. The purpose of this article is to examine whether empirical research supports the current trend of mandatory drug testing, provide a synopsis of current practice, and discuss the legal and ethical implications for nursing faculty. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human mandatory testing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22640951 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22640951) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2011.11.017 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 300 TITLE Gaining insights from students in recovery from prescription drug abuse: did school nurses report an influence on their practice? Outcomes results from a live symposium. AUTHOR NAMES Embrey M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Embrey M.L.) NASN, Silver Spring, MD, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.L. Embrey, NASN, Silver Spring, MD, USA. SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2012) 27:3 (166-169). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 1942-602X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prescription drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention, therapy) health care survey school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child conference paper consensus development human methodology nursing statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22712119 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22712119) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X12443063 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 301 TITLE A case of “indoor hypothermia” AUTHOR NAMES Ciucciarelli L. Para O. Vannucchi V. Sammicheli L. Turchi V. Bacci F. Pieralli F. Nozzoli C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ciucciarelli L.; Para O.; Vannucchi V.; Sammicheli L.; Turchi V.; Bacci F.; Pieralli F.; Nozzoli C.) Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, AOUC, Firenze, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Ciucciarelli, Medicina Interna e d'Urgenza, AOUC, Firenze, Italy. SOURCE Italian Journal of Medicine (2012) 6:1 SUPPL. 1 (35). Date of Publication: May 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 17th Congresso Nazionale FADOI CONFERENCE LOCATION Rimini, Italy CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-05 to 2012-05-08 CONFERENCE EDITORS Gussoni G. Frasson S. ISSN 1877-9344 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson s.r.l. ABSTRACT Background “Indoor hypothermia” is more likely to occur in patients with significant medical comorbidities (alcoholism, sepsis, hypothyroidism/ hypopituitarism) and bears a worse outcome than exposure hypothermia. Hypothermia is associated with benzodiazepine overdose and antipsychotic drug use. Clinical course A 54-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with psychomotor agitation and aggressiveness. She was resident in a nursing home. The patient had a history of poliomyelitis, generalized epilepsy, alcoholism and cognitive impairment. During 2 months before admission, the patient begun to present psychomotor agitation and quetiapine and diazepam were started.. On admission she presented with severe psychomotor agitation treated with midazolam, diazepam, clorpromazine, haloperidol. Blood tests revealed hypernatremia (164 mEq/L)., creatinine was normal. A chest x-ray and a brain CT scan didn't detect acute lesions. Twenty-four hours later psychomotor agitation persisted along with the appearance of hypotension and hypothermia. Electrocardiography revealed sinus bradicardia, long QT and a Osborn wave. The patient has been treated successfully with low doses of atypical antipsychotic drugs, hydratation and rewarming. Conclusion Hypothermia is a frequently misdiagnosed condition in agitated hospitalized patients treated with benzodiazepine and antipsychotics drugs. Hypothermia bears a significant risk of death if undetected, thus should be recognized and corrected early. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS atypical antipsychotic agent benzodiazepine chlorpromazine creatinine diazepam haloperidol midazolam neuroleptic agent quetiapine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hypothermia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aggressiveness alcoholism blood brain cognitive defect computer assisted tomography death disease course drug use electrocardiography emergency ward exposure female generalized epilepsy hospital patient human hypernatremia hypopituitarism hypotension intoxication low drug dose nursing home patient poliomyelitis restlessness risk sepsis thorax radiography warming LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.itjm.2012.04.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 302 TITLE How Do Emergency Department Patients Store and Dispose of Opioids After Discharge? A Pilot Study AUTHOR NAMES Tanabe P. Paice J.A. Stancati J. Fleming M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tanabe P., Paula.tanabe@duke.edu) Duke University Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Durham, NC, United States. (Paice J.A.) Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. (Stancati J.) Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. (Fleming M.) Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Tanabe, Duke University, DUMC 3322, 307 Trent Dr, Durham NC 27710, United States. Email: Paula.tanabe@duke.edu SOURCE Journal of Emergency Nursing (2012) 38:3 (273-279). Date of Publication: May 2012 ISSN 0099-1767 1527-2966 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: Opioid abuse and overdose have increased drastically in recent years. Diversion of opioids used to treat pain, either through theft or sharing, is increasing and may contribute to this misuse. Based on these trends, we designed a study to investigate opioid storage and disposal practices of patients who were prescribed these agents in the emergency department. Methods: A prospective cohort pilot study was conducted. All adults (aged ≥18 years) with a chief complaint of either minor musculoskeletal trauma, renal colic, or acute back pain who were discharged home with an opioid prescription were eligible for inclusion; persons with chronic pain were excluded. Patients were asked to participate in two home interviews in which the research assistant viewed the storage location of the opioid prescription. Safe storage was defined as being stored in a locked container or cabinet. Safe disposal was defined as returning the drugs to a designated location or mixing unused pills with an undesirable substance, placing in a sealable container, and then in the trash. Patients self-reported disposal methods. Feasibility of study methods evaluated the ability to conduct home interviews after the ED visit. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Twenty-five subjects consented to participate; 20 patients completed both home interviews. None of the medications were safely stored. Only 1 patient disposed of the medication, yet did so improperly. Conclusion: This pilot study revealed widespread improper storage and disposal of opioids. The study has major implications for education for ED physicians, nurses, and residents. © 2012 Emergency Nurses Association. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug storage emergency health service waste disposal EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article female hospital discharge human interview male methodology middle aged pilot study prospective study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22204885 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22204885) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2011.09.023 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 303 TITLE Questionnaire for research priorities in Paediatric SCT and future steps AUTHOR NAMES Stenvall M. Trigoso E. Deiana M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stenvall M.; Trigoso E.; Deiana M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Stenvall, SOURCE Bone Marrow Transplantation (2012) 47 SUPPL. 1 (S470). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 38th Annual Meeting of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, EBMT 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Geneva, Switzerland CONFERENCE DATE 2012-04-01 to 2012-04-04 ISSN 0268-3369 BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: At the end of 2008, the EBMT Nurses Group created a Paediatric Committee with the aims to know what are the main needs of the Paediatric Nurses involved in the field of the HSCT and to promote, develop and share knowledge between the paediatric nurses throughout Europe. During last year a questionnaire has been developed in collaboration with the EBMT NG Research Committee. The first aim of this survey is to identify and analyse the research priorities among the EBMT paediatric nurses. The second aim is to better focus and organize our future interventions. This questionnaire was distributed during “ The 3rd Training course for Paediatricians and Paediatric Nurses on HSCT in children and adolescents ” held in Genoa (IT) from 31.5.2011 to 3.6.2011. In autumn 2011, it was sent to all contact nurses by mail. Methods: An ad hoc questionnaire was used with a 5 points numeric rating scale ranging from 1 (most important) to 5 (less important). The questionnaire includes: demographic data and 4 different parts: Management of Nursing, Process of Nursing, Practice of Nursing and Development of Nursing. Statistical analysis was used. 5 points have been assigned to the most important, while only 1 to the less important. We have added the points, and below we have listed some results. We also considered the percentage of votes received, among the total number of valid votes possible. Results: At the moment, 30 questionnaires have been collected (43% of our contact nurses' list, 12 countries and 18 different HSCT centres). Our results show that: Considering “ Management of Nursing ” , “ Supportive care guidelines ” received 60 points total and the 69,6 % of nurses voted for it; more nurses (78,3%) voted for “ the psychosocial wellbeing of staff ” but received 57 points; Regarding The Process of Nursing:, “ Patient information issues ” was the most voted (84,6%) and collected the highest number of points, 67. The Practice of Nursing, Patient/family education was the most voted (78,3%) and collected the highest number of points, 69. The Development of Nursing, Quality of life issues collected the highest number of points (80) and was the most voted (84%), as well as Practice development and education (79 votes). In addiction “ The top five ” results (considering all 4 parts) are the following: 1. “ Patient information issues ” was the most considered, 2. “ Quality of life issues ” , 3. “ Practice development and education ” , 4. “ Patient/ family education ” and 5. “ Supportive care guidelines ” . Not one topic has been voted by 100% of nurses (considering valid votes). The survey points out those research priorities are different considering professional position. In fact the 100% of nurses scored “ Quality of life issues ” with 49 points, while the 100% of Coordinators and managers scored for “ Practice development and education ” , with 49 points. Conclusion: These findings had already contributed to the organization of “ The 3rd Meeting of the EBMT Paediatric Nurses ” that will be held in Prague, Czech Republic, 7-10 June 2012. Paediatric Committee members are developing an interesting programme in accordance with PDWP. The programme will include patient education, safety of the patient and family centred care in the HSCT setting. These results will help us in our commitment: to share knowledge and education. It should be important to increase the number of questionnaires in order to allow us to understand better the needs of nurses, basic nurses, specialist nurses or coordinators. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) blood bone marrow questionnaire research priority transplantation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent autumn child Czech Republic education Europe human manager medical specialist nurse nursing nursing practice nursing process patient patient education patient information pediatric nurse pediatrician quality of life rating scale safety statistical analysis training wellbeing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2012.39 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 304 TITLE The use of Z hypnotics (zopiclone, zolpidem and zaleplon) in the management of insmonia in forensic psychiatruc units in Oxford, UK AUTHOR NAMES Al-Taiar H. Thapar D. Khosla V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Al-Taiar H.; Thapar D.) Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom. (Khosla V.) Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust Oxford, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Al-Taiar, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom. SOURCE Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (2012) 46 SUPPL. 1 (27-28). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 47th Annual Congress of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, RANZCP 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hobart, TAS, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2012-05-20 to 2012-05-24 ISSN 0004-8674 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare ABSTRACT Background: Insomnia is a common symptom which has a prevalence rate of 30% in general population (Shapiro & Dement, 1993). The prevalence is higher in psychiatric patients (reaching up to 50%). There was a survey conducted on insomnia in 1987 that showed that around half of psychiatric patients received a hypnotic (Shapiro & Dement, 1993). It has been concluded that people with mental health problems have an increased risk of dependence on hypnotics (Hajak G et al., Addiction, vol 98 issue 10). The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) has published guidance (Zaleplon, Zolpidem and Zopiclone for the short-term management of Insomnia - NICE guidance 2004) for the prescription of hypnotics. Key recommendations are summarized below: 1. After consideration of non pharmacologic measures, hypnotic drug therapy may be considered. 2. Hypnotic use is appropriate only for the management of insomnia interfering with normal daily life. 3. Hypnotics are recommended for short period of time only, in strict accordance with licensed indications. 4. Switching from one of these hypnotics to another should only occur if a patient experiences adverse effects 5. Patients who have not responded to one of these hypnotic drugs should not be prescribed any of the others. Aim: The aim of the audit is to review if the newer Z hypnotic drugs are being prescribed as per NICE guidance in forensic psychiatry wards at Littlemore Mental Health Centre, Oxford. The parameters on which the audit tool is based were: 1. If insomnia is being documented as a symptom in the patient's notes. 2. Whether other measures have been offered to the patient before prescribing any of these hypnotics. 3. The reason for switching from one hypnotic to another. 4. Is the hypnotic being prescribed in the as required medications (PRN) section of the drug chart? 5. Is the maximum duration for prescription documented? 6. If there is a review date for prescription of hypnotics. Method: We reviewed the case notes of patients and the medication charts for the last six months (from January 2010 to June 2010) for all 74 in-patients on the six forensic psychiatry wards at Littlemore Mental Health Centre, Oxford. Findings: We have found that only three patients had been prescribed Zopiclone 7.5 mg, all on as required (PRN) basis. In two of the cases it was used for two and three days respectively while it was prescribed but not taken by the third patient. Insomnia (as a symptom) was documented only in drug charts. Non-pharmacologic measures were recommended in one of the cases and there is not information to suggest that similar recommendation was made in other two cases. Documentation relating to prescription of Zopiclone was seen in the nursing notes of one patient. It was not present in medical notes of all patients. The maximum duration of prescription was not written in medication charts and there was no date for reviewing the use of Zopiclone. Conclusions: Conclusions from this audit are summarized below: 1. Hypnotic medications (Zopiclone, Zolpidem, and Zaleplon) appear to be rarely used on the six forensic psychiatry wards at Littlemore Mental Health Centre, Oxford. 2. If prescribed, they were used for few days only. 3. Zopiclone was the main hypnotic used. 4. There was no switching over between medications. 5. Documentation of hypnotic-related prescription did not meet the standards set by NICE guidance. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hypnotic agent zaleplon zolpidem zopiclone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college human New Zealand psychiatrist United Kingdom EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adverse drug reaction documentation drug therapy forensic psychiatry health center insomnia medical audit mental health mental patient nursing parameters patient population prescription prevalence risk ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867412445952 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 305 TITLE Donepezil as a precipitating factor of mania: A case report AUTHOR NAMES Leung J.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Leung J.G.) Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, College of Pharmacy, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.G. Leung, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, College of Pharmacy, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (258-259). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists, CPNP 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Tampa, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02 ISSN 0897-1900 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Donepezil is indicated for the treatment of mild to severe dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease; however it has also been studied off-label for other dementia types, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia. Although well tolerated, one neuropsychiatric side effect not reported in clinical trials is the emergence of manic symptoms. Patient History: A 71 year-old male with a history of paranoid schizophrenia was transferred to a psychiatric facility after concerns of increased disorganization and response to internal stimuli. Past medical history included alcohol dependence, cognitive disorder NOS, hypothyroidism, hypertension and iron deficient anemia. Laboratory values on admission were not of clinical concern. Psychotic symptoms improved with the addition of quetiapine 400 mg at bedtime. During his stay, donepezil 5 mg daily was initiated and titrated to 10 mg after two weeks. After the dose increase, the patient began to exhibit euphoric mood with an increased rate and production of speech. The patient's need for sleep decreased with a noticeable increase in psychomotor agitation and goal directed activities. Donepezil was suspected to have induced these symptoms which subsequently resolved once donepezil was discontinued. The patient was successfully discharged following placement to a nursing facility. Review of Literature: There are no cases of donepezil-induced mania reported in randomized-controlled trials for the FDA approved use of Alzheimer's dementia. However, a MEDLINE search revealed a few cases of mania associated with the initiation of donepezil. In addition, a study of donepezil aiming to improve memory impairment in bipolar patients suggested that donepezil may destabilize mood and worsen bipolar symptoms. The mechanism of donepezil-induced mania is unclear but may be a result of central cholinergic system activation causing noradrenergic and dopaminergic system activation. Conclusion: In this case there was a clear onset and dissipation of manic symptoms with the initiation and discontinuation of donepezil. While appearing to be rare, there is mounting evidence that donepezil may cause the emergence of manic symptoms in some patients. Clinicians should be aware of this potential side effect, especially as exploration of off-label uses increase. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) donepezil EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS quetiapine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) case report college epidemiology human mania pharmacist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism Alzheimer disease bipolar disorder cholinergic system clinical trial (topic) cognitive defect dementia disorientation dopaminergic system drug dose increase food and drug administration hypertension hypothyroidism iron deficiency anemia laboratory male medical history memory disorder mood nursing off label drug use paranoid schizophrenia patient psychosis randomized controlled trial (topic) restlessness schizophrenia side effect sleep speech stimulus tardive dyskinesia LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 306 TITLE Childhood body size and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma AUTHOR NAMES Berentzen T.L. Gamborg M. Holst C. Sørensen T.I.A. Baker. J.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Berentzen T.L., ch@ipm.regionh.dk; Gamborg M.; Holst C.; Sørensen T.I.A.; Baker. J.L.) Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.L. Berentzen, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. Email: ch@ipm.regionh.dk SOURCE Journal of Hepatology (2012) 56 SUPPL. 2 (S49). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, International Liver Congress 2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION Barcelona, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2012-04-18 to 2012-04-22 ISSN 0168-8278 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background and Aim: The prevalence of childhood overweight has reached epidemic proportions around the globe. In parallel with the obesity epidemic, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has increased, and has now become the most common cause of liver disease in children. The epidemic of childhood overweight is of great concern because, in addition to these adverse effects on the liver in childhood, overweight in childhood may also affect the risk of liver disease in adulthood. Therefore we investigated if childhood body size from the ages of 7 to 13 years was associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in adulthood. Methods: Individuals were 165,540 men and 160,883 women born between 1930 and 1989 from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register. Information on HCC was obtained by linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry. Anthropometry was measured by school doctors or nurses, and body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated from internal age- and sex-specific references. Hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals) of HCC were calculated from Cox proportional hazard models. Results: During follow-up, there were 252 cases of HCC. At 7 years of age, the HR of HCC in adulthood was 1.12 (0.97, 1.29) per 1-unit increase in BMI z-score. By age 13 years, the HR of HCC was 1.25 (1.09, 1.44) per 1-unit increase in BMI z-score. Associations were similar in boys and girls, consistent across year of birth and essentially unchanged by exclusion of individuals with Hepatitis B and C, alcoholic conditions and biliary diseases. Conclusion: Childhood BMI is positively associated with the risk of HCC in adulthood. The risk is present in both boys and girls, and increase slightly with increasing age of the children. The epidemic of childhood overweight is alarming because, in addition to the many adverse metabolic effects in childhood, the epidemic may also translate into a large number of adverse health effects in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease and liver cancer. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) body size childhood liver liver cell carcinoma risk EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adulthood adverse drug reaction alcoholism anthropometry biliary tract disease body mass boy cancer registry cardiovascular disease child confidence interval epidemic female follow up girl hazard ratio health hepatitis B human liver cancer liver disease male nonalcoholic fatty liver nurse obesity physician prevalence proportional hazards model register school school health service LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(12)60124-X COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 307 TITLE Shared impairment of prospective memory in patientswith schizophrenia and bipolar disorder AUTHOR NAMES Lui S.S.Y. Chan R.C.K. Wang Y.W. Liu A.C.Y. Chui W.W.H. Gong Q.-Y. Shum D. Cheung E.F.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lui S.S.Y.; Chan R.C.K.; Wang Y.W.) Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. (Lui S.S.Y.) Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. (Lui S.S.Y.; Liu A.C.Y.; Chui W.W.H.; Cheung E.F.C.) Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. (Gong Q.-Y.) Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. (Shum D.) School of Psychology and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S.Y. Lui, Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. SOURCE Schizophrenia Research (2012) 136 SUPPL. 1 (S334). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 3rd Biennial Schizophrenia International Research Conference CONFERENCE LOCATION Florence, Italy CONFERENCE DATE 2012-04-14 to 2012-04-18 ISSN 0920-9964 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background: Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to carry out an intended action in the future. It is classified into time-based and event-based PM, and has translational relevance to behavior such as remembering to take medications. The previous findings that PM is impaired in clinical samples of schizophrenia and high-risk populations suggested that PM is a biological marker of psychosis. Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia have consistent overlapping in clinical symptoms and several neurocognitive functions, but very little is known as to whether they share similar PM impairment. Methods: This cross-sectional PM study recruited 38 and 40 patients with ICD 10 diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder respectively in an early intervention of psychosis outpatient clinic, and 37 healthy subjects in nursing schools and community centers. The exclusion criteria included mental retardation, neurological disorder, history of substance abuse, and history of electroconvulsive therapy in the past 6 months. The groups were matched in gender and age (mean: 22.3 years) but not education [F(2,112)=7.74; p<0.01] and IQ [F(2,112)=6.26 p<0.01]. PM was assessed by computerized test, together with other memory functions, sustained attention, and execution functions. Repeated univariate ANCOVA was used to compare group differences in semantic time-based PM, perceptual timebased PM, semantic event-based PM and perceptual event-based PM, with education and IQ as covariates. Repeated 3 (group: schizophrenia, bipolar, and health subject) × 4 (PM type: semantic time-based, semantic eventbased, perceptual event-based, and perceptual event-based) MANCOVA, controlling for IQ and education, were conducted to examine the interaction effect between groups status and PM type. Multiple ANOVA was used to assess the group difference in other neurocognitive functions. Results: ANCOVA found significant group difference in semantic timebased PM [F(2,122)=3.58; p=0.31], and the average raw scores showed that schizophrenia group performed worst, bipolar group intermediate, and healthy group highest in PM. Post-hoc pair-wise comparison found that patients with schizophrenia performed more poorly in semantic time-based PM than healthy subjects [p=0.01], and patients with bipolar disorder performed more poorly than healthy subjects [0.048]. The interaction effect between group status and PM type was not significant. Regarding other neurocognitive functions, group differences were significant in Letter- Number Span Test [F(2,112)=5.81; p=0.04], the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test perseverative error [F(2,112)=8.13; p<0.01] and number of category passed [F(2,112)=3.61; p=0.03], verbal fluency test [F(2,112)=5.32; p=0.01], the Number-back task correct hit [F(2,112)=3.68; p=0.03] and reaction time [F(2,112)=3.50; p=0.03]. Discussion: PM is not only impaired in early-stage schizophrenia; patients with bipolar disorder also have an attenuated form of PM impairment, in particular the time-based type. The pattern of PM dysfunction is similar between the two diagnostic categories. This nature of shared impairment further supports the concept of a continuum psychosis spectrum, extending from the clinical symptom level to the neurocognitive level. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS biological marker EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bipolar disorder prospective memory schizophrenia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of covariance analysis of variance community diagnosis drug therapy early intervention education electroconvulsive therapy gender health high risk population human ICD-10 intelligence quotient memory mental deficiency multivariate analysis of covariance neurologic disease normal human nursing education outpatient department patient psychosis reaction time substance abuse tracheobronchial stent Wisconsin Card Sorting Test LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 308 TITLE Decreased frequency of blood culture contamination in an emergency department through the diffusion of a protocol among nursing staff AUTHOR NAMES Garcia-Reyne A. Igarzabal A. Lalueza A. Herrero-Martinez J.M. Villa J. Fernandez-Ruiz M. De Dios B. Lopez-Medrano F. San-Juan R. Aguado J.M. Sanz F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Garcia-Reyne A.; Igarzabal A.; Lalueza A.; Herrero-Martinez J.M.; Villa J.; Fernandez-Ruiz M.; De Dios B.; Lopez-Medrano F.; San-Juan R.; Aguado J.M.; Sanz F.) Madrid, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Garcia-Reyne, Madrid, Spain. SOURCE Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012) 18 SUPPL. 3 (565). Date of Publication: April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 22nd European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases CONFERENCE LOCATION London, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2012-03-31 to 2012-04-03 ISSN 1198-743X BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Objectives: Blood culture contamination increases laboratory work and costs, prolongs lengths of patient stay and leads to inappropriate or unnecessary antibiotic use. All of these problems increase patient morbidity and hospital costs. The blood culture contamination rate in the emergency room of our hospital was much higher than the 3% recommended. The aim of this study was to decrease this contamination rate by conducting an education program for nursing staff. Methods: First, we developed a blood culture protocol drawn following the current recommendations. The most important steps we included were (i) Hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub; (ii) The use of alcoholic 2% chlorhexidine as antiseptic, (iii) The performance of a sterile technique, (iv) Proper labelling of the samples, (v) Adequate registry of the extraction in the computer system and (vi) Proper handling and transport form of the blood culture bottles. Subsequently, between January and March 2010, there was a series of educational talks with all the nursing staff from the Emergency Department of our hospital, for the implementation of the protocol. Between, April 2010 and April 2011, we prospectively collected the blood culture contamination rates. Results: In the following months, after the educational program, there was a significant decrease in blood culture contamination. The mean contamination rate of the 3 years before the intervention was 7.3% and the year after the educational program was 3% (p < 0.0001). Increase in the months of July and August was attributed to the incorporation of temporary personnel who had not been instructed in the protocol. The number of blood cultures collected the years before the educational program and the study period were similar. (Figure presented) Conclusions: The implementation of a protocol for the extraction of blood cultures and appropriate diffusion is a very effective method to decrease the rate of blood cultures contamination. This information should be regular and given to the new nursing staff. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol antibiotic agent antiinfective agent chlorhexidine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) blood culture contamination diffusion emergency ward human infection microbiology nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism computer system education program extraction hospital hospital cost hygiene laboratory morbidity patient personnel register LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03802.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 309 TITLE Urban Seventh Grade Students: A Report of Health Risk Behaviors and Exposure to Violence AUTHOR NAMES Dowdell E.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dowdell E.B., elizabeth.dowdell@villanova.edu) College of Nursing, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Avenue, Driscoll Hall, Villanova, PA 19085, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. B. Dowdell, College of Nursing, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Avenue, Driscoll Hall, Villanova, PA 19085, United States. Email: elizabeth.dowdell@villanova.edu SOURCE Journal of School Nursing (2012) 28:2 (130-137). Date of Publication: April 2012 ISSN 1059-8405 1546-8364 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States. ABSTRACT The health of adolescents and the adults they will become can be linked to the health-related behaviors they adopt as children. To replicate a pilot study with a more culturally diverse population a descriptive, correlational study was undertaken with 379 seventh grade students. Key findings from this study include (a) students exposed or involved in violence (e.g., fighting and carrying a weapon) were more likely to report smoking cigarettes, (b) nearly a quarter (24%) of students have smoked cigarettes at some time, and (c) almost half of the students (48%) reported having at least one alcoholic drink. Middle school can be critical time in the life of an adolescent who may be faced with opportunities to experiment with and participate in health risk behaviors. School nurses, practitioners, and other health care professionals are in an ideal position to assess the type of and level of participation by an adolescent in a health risk behavior. © National Association of School Nurses 2012. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior high risk behavior student violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child child psychology female human male psychological aspect statistics United States (epidemiology) urban population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22025103 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22025103) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840511425678 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 310 TITLE Student nurses' attitudes to illicit drugs: A grounded theory study AUTHOR NAMES Harling M.R. Turner W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harling M.R., m.harling@derby.ac.uk) School of Education Health and Sciences, The University of Derby, Britannia Mill, Mackworth Road, Derby, DE22 3BL, United Kingdom. (Turner W., turnerw@lsbu.ac.uk) Faculty of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Harling, School of Education Health and Sciences, The University of Derby, Britannia Mill, Mackworth Road, Derby, DE22 3BL, United Kingdom. Email: m.harling@derby.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2012) 32:3 (235-240). Date of Publication: April 2012 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to identify the factors that influence the attitudes of student nurses towards illicit drugs. This insight is important in providing a foundation for the development of educational approaches aimed at challenging what appear to be negative attitudes to illicit drug users within nursing.The absence of a testable hypothesis prior to the investigation led to the generation of theory from the data (inductive enquiry) with a constructivist approach to grounded theory (Charmaz, 2006), being employed.Data generation involved informal conversational interviews (n = 12), semi-structured interviews (n = 9), four focus groups and an audit of the education received by students (n = 61) around substance misuse issues. The final grounded theory indicated that:. Student nurses enter training with a wide range of personal experiences relating to illicit drug use. The influences of society's negative views and the image of drug use presented in the press appeared to be significant factors in developing their attitudes on the subject. In the absence of effective approaches to education, and given that many professionals in the practice environment appear to view illicit substance users in a negative way, it is likely that interventions with identified drug users will be influenced by negative attitudes. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nursing student nursing theory EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human information processing male middle aged nursing nursing education nursing methodology research psychological aspect qualitative research social stigma LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21636182 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21636182) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2011.05.002 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 311 TITLE Mass communication tool behavior on the effects of TV violence children age group 3-6 ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Kitle iletişim araçlarindan televizyonun 3-6 yaş grubundaki̇ çocuklarin davranişlari üzeri̇ne etki̇si̇ AUTHOR NAMES Özakar S. Koçak C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Özakar S., selenozakar@hotmail.com; Koçak C., cemkocak@hotmail.com) Hitit Üniversitesi, Saǧlik Yüksekokulu, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Özakar, Hitit Üniversitesi, Saǧlik Yüksekokulu, Turkey. Email: selenozakar@hotmail.com SOURCE Yeni Symposium (2012) 50:1 (31-39). Date of Publication: 2012 ISSN 1300-8773 1304-4591 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Istanbul Universitesi, Aksaray, Istanbul, Turkey. ABSTRACT Purpose: This ongoing study aims to daycare for 3-6 year-old children's frequency of television watching, to determine the content of programs broadcast on television, cartoons, movies and advertisements on children's aggressive behavior to examine the impact of violence. Method: This descriptive study was realized between 13.05.2011-18.05.2011 in independent kindergartens related to the Directorate of National Education in the province of Çorum. It is found with 648 students aging 3-6 going to the nursery school. Aiming at the entire universe, and the data collected at the school is willing to participate in the study sample consisted of 516 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by researchers in accordance with the relevant literature. Computer data analysis, percentage, means, and chi-square tests were performed. Findings: Children participated in the study 48.6% of girls and half of the five years old. 92.6% decides which program to watch, watching cartoons consisting violence is 30.6%, violent cartoons. As 59.8% children watching violent cartoons, 62.8% of them violent love the violent characters. The most important reason for this is emphasis on being powerful and children love strong characters thus watch violent cartoons. 100% of the children stated that they want to have super powers, and they wanted to use their power to destroy the wicked. Female students have more tendencies violent than female students (p=0.000). The average age of children deciding how long TV they will follow is getting higher (p<0.005), with which the series follows the relationship between the 3-year-old children of all ages, the high rate of other age groups, followed by children watching violent cartoons (p=0.000). Discussion: This were reported the children of uncontrolled watching television from an early age increased likelihood of becoming addicted to television, adversely affected talent of interpretation- ratiocinate and difficulties that may occur in communication with the environment. This descriptive study was children's learned by imitating, trying to implement what they have learned and imitated by their watching movie characters. Children makes interpretation of series of violent cartoons and movies watched from more emphasis on the strong characters in child. The average age of children deciding how long TV they will follow is getting higher (p<0.005), with which the series follows the relationship between the 3-year-old children of all ages, the high rate of other age groups, followed by children watching violent cartoons (p=0.000). Conclusion: Children being affected by violence is inevitable, children playing games take in the cartoon characters and they attempt to imitate the heroes in cartoons. As a result, they end up with aggressive and anti-social behavior, and turns out to be an aggressive child. As a child health nurse; families' description in importance of the child should not be left watching TV, TV programmers must be selected. Program specialists should select the TV programs for children; mothers and fathers should not consider TV as a means of spending time. Children should not watch programs for adults. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mass communication television viewing violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aggression art article child child behavior child health care female human kindergarten love major clinical study male nursery school preschool child questionnaire social behavior telecommunication EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Turkish LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Turkish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012173120 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 312 TITLE Efficacy of varenicline therapy in the “board the bus and quit” smoking cessation program: One year results AUTHOR NAMES Clavario P. Barbara C. Casalino L. Zappulla T. Cavallero G. Benvenuto S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clavario P.; Barbara C.; Casalino L.; Zappulla T.; Cavallero G.; Benvenuto S.) ASL 3 Cardiac Rehabilitation, Genoa, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Clavario, ASL 3 Cardiac Rehabilitation, Genoa, Italy. SOURCE Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012) 59:13 SUPPL. 1 (E1747). Date of Publication: 27 Mar 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 61th Annual Scientific Session of the American College of Cardiology and i2 Summit: Innovation in Intervention, ACC.12 CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-03-24 to 2012-03-27 ISSN 0735-1097 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA ABSTRACT Background: Tobacco control centers in most european countries are not yet available, this is particularly true for many regions in Italy. It would be important to set up effective smoking cessation programs complementary to those offered by the tobacco control centers . Methods: A common city transportation bus was branded with the campaign logo and, in the last five days of May 2010, was placed in five different street or squares in downtown Genoa, Italy. Locations were chosen in no traffic zones in order to maximize the opportunity of meeting walking-by pedestrians. On board the bus, three smoking cessation experienced doctors and a nurse were available.The walking-by smokers were asked by two hostesses to exchange their empty cigarette box with a free cell-phone holder. Each smoker was then asked to board the bus and meet the staff to have informations about the opportunities of being supported in a quitting smoking attempt. If the bystander was interested in immediately starting a cessation program, the nurse measured the expired carbon monoxide and then gave each smoker the usual depression, anxiety and tobacco dependence scales forms. Finally one of the doctors interviewed each patient, scheduled a quitting date, and prescribed the appropriate drug therapy. If not controindicated, Varenicline 1mg BID was primarely chosen. A first group follow-up visit was also scheduled just before the quitting date and weekly follow-up visits were planned for the three months drug therapy period. Self reported abstinence was confirmed measuring an expired carbon monoxide < 5 PPM. Patients were then followed at 3, 9 and 12 months after the quit date. Results: Among hundreds of smokers who asked for information, 297 accepted to enter the program and receaved a scheduled quit date and a drug prescription. 149 actually showed up at the first scheduled visit and followed the drug treatment prescription. Among the 149 prescriptions followers at three months 90 (60%) were abstinent. At 12 months 80 (53%) were still succesfully quitters Conclusions: Varenicline treatment in a brief smoking cessation program with an intensive follow up schedule is highly effective. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) varenicline EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS carbon monoxide EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiology college smoking cessation program therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence anxiety city drug therapy follow up human Italy mobile phone nurse patient pedestrian physician prescription smoking smoking smoking cessation tobacco tobacco dependence traffic traffic and transport walking LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(12)61748-3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 313 TITLE Online Tobacco Cessation Education to Optimize Standards of Practice for Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses AUTHOR NAMES Amole J.J. Heath J. Joshua T.V. McLear B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Amole J.J., jamole@georgiahealth.edu) Department of Biobehavioral Nursing, Georgia Health Sciences University, College of Nursing, 1905 Barnett Shoals Road, Athens, GA 30605, United States. (Heath J.) Department of Biobehavioral Nursing, Georgia Health Sciences University, College of Nursing, 987 Street Sebastian Way, EC5426, Augusta, GA 30912, United States. (Joshua T.V.) Department of Biobehavioral Nursing, Center for Nursing Research, Georgia Health Sciences University, College of Nursing, 987 Street, Sebastian Way, EC4410, Augusta GA 30912, United States. (McLear B.) Department of Physiological and Technological Nursing, Georgia Health Sciences University, College of Nursing, 1905 Barnett Shoals Road, Athens, GA 30605, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.J. Amole, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing, Georgia Health Sciences University, College of Nursing, 1905 Barnett Shoals Road, Athens, GA 30605, United States. Email: jamole@georgiahealth.edu SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2012) 47:1 (71-79). Date of Publication: March 2012 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT This article presents an overview of an online education offering to improve standards of practice for nurses intervening with tobacco-dependent mentally ill populations. Designed as a pilot study and guided by the theory of reasoned action framework, the pretest-posttest educational program was conducted to examine attitudes and beliefs, knowledge, and intentions to integrate tobacco cessation interventions into practice. Although positive attitudes and beliefs were demonstrated, knowledge gaps continued to exist after the online program. Strengths and challenges ofthe online education offering are presented with recommendations for future research. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education Internet nursing education nursing practice psychiatric nursing smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult attitude to health female human male mental disease methodology middle aged nurse nursing pilot study review self concept United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22289399 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289399) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2011.10.006 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 314 TITLE Implementing practice guidelines and education to improve the care of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome AUTHOR NAMES Lucas K. Knobel R.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lucas K., kay@nc.rr.com) Cape Fear Valley Health System, Fayetteville, United States. (Lucas K., kay@nc.rr.com; Knobel R.B.) Duke University, School of Nursing, Durham, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Lucas, Cape Fear Valley Health System, Fayetteville, United States. Email: kay@nc.rr.com SOURCE Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health (2012) 48 SUPPL. 1 (104). Date of Publication: March 2012 CONFERENCE NAME 17th Congress of the Federation of Asian and Oceania Perinatal Societies, FAOPS and the 16th Annual Congress of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand, PSANZ CONFERENCE LOCATION Sydney, NSW, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2012-03-18 to 2012-03-21 ISSN 1034-4810 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley Blackwell ABSTRACT Background: The National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependency estimates between 1 and 11% of babies born each year are exposed to illicit substances in utero. Babies exposed to opioids or opioid derivatives during pregnancy are at increased risk for developing Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Care and management of these infants can be improved with practice guidelines and education. The purpose of this quality improvement research project was to develop and implement evidence based clinical practice guidelines and an educational program around neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool (FNAST) to improve nursing assessment and care giving of the infant with NAS, as well as improve scoring accuracy with use of the FNAST. Method: Nurses were tested before and after participation in education about NAS. A subset of ten nurses was evaluated using the FNAST with video of infants having NAS. Results: Volunteer participation in the NAS educational project occurred in 81% of the NICU nurses. All nurses showed some improvement in scores on the post-test, with 2%-44% improvement. All ten nurses who participated in the interactive DVD test scored ≥90% against the FNAST criterion 1 week after participation in the educational project. Conclusions: Evidenced-based clinical practice guidelines and education around NAS and the FNAST equips caregivers with the necessary tools to consistently and accurately assess an infant with NAS when using the FNAST. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Asian Australia and New Zealand education health care organization human infant Pacific islands practice guideline society withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence alcoholism baby caregiver drug dependence evidence based practice female nurse nursing assessment pregnancy risk total quality management videorecording volunteer LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02412.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 315 TITLE An evolutionary concept analysis of school violence: From bullying to death AUTHOR NAMES Jones S.N. Waite R. Thomas Clements P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jones S.N., sjones9090@aol.com; Thomas Clements P.) Drexel University, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Waite R.) Faculty Integration and Evaluation of Community Programs, Interdisciplinary Research Unit, Doctoral Nursing Department, Philadelphia, PA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.N. Jones, 4705 Belle Forte Road, Pikesville, MD 21208, United States. Email: sjones9090@aol.com SOURCE Journal of Forensic Nursing (2012) 8:1 (4-12). Date of Publication: March 2012 ISSN 1556-3693 1939-3938 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 1517 Ritchis Hwy, Ste 208 Arnold MD, United States. ABSTRACT School violence has evolved into an identifiably pervasive public health problem. Adverse consequences of school violence vary from bullying to death. In 2007, 457,700 youth (ages 12-18) were victims of serious crimes with 34% occurring on school grounds or on the way to school. A concept analysis of school violence can expand and enhance awareness of the pervasive phenomenon of school violence. Rodgers and Knafl (1993) evolutionary concept analysis method was used to provide a guiding framework for examination of school violence. Related manuscripts from the extant interdisciplinary school violence literature were obtained from relevant health science databases, the Education Resources Information Center, and various governmental and specialty websites within the contemporary time frame of 2000-2010. Analysis revealed the enormous scope and complexity of the problem of school violence including bullying, physical fighting, weapon carrying, alcohol/substance use and street gang presence on school property, school-associated violent death, safe schools legislation, and violence prevention strategies. Forensic nurses across practice settings are uniquely positioned to intervene to improve health of these youth through identification, assessment, treatment, and referral. © 2012 International Association of Forensic Nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) forensic nursing nurse attitude school violence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (complication) adolescent article bullying child human legal aspect peer group public health statistics weapon LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22372393 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22372393) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-3938.2011.01121.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 316 TITLE Culturally tailored motivational interviewing interventions in hispanic populations: A systematic review AUTHOR NAMES Krukas A. Kavookjian J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Krukas A., akrukas@gmail.com; Kavookjian J.) Auburn University, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Krukas, Auburn University, United States. Email: akrukas@gmail.com SOURCE Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (209). Date of Publication: March-April 2012 CONFERENCE NAME APhA2012 CONFERENCE LOCATION New Orleans, LA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12 ISSN 1544-3191 BOOK PUBLISHER American Pharmacists Association ABSTRACT Objective: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based communication skills set that has been effective in helping patients change health behaviors. The objective of this study was to conduct a modified Cochrane systematic review of the literature to identify evidence and gaps for culturally tailored MI intervention studies among Hispanic populations for whom prevalence of major chronic conditions is significant. Methods: Using a modified Cochrane systematic approach, a search was conducted using several relevant databases (Academic Search Premier, ALT Healthwatch, CINAHL, Health Source for Consumer Education, Health Source for Nursing/ Academic Education, MasterFILE Premier, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO), and primary search terms (motivational interviewing AND Latino OR Spanish Speaking OR Hispanic). Additional criteria for article retention included intervention studies in adult or adolescent patient populations, written in the English language, published between 1985 and 2011. A multi-tiered approach was applied by two researchers for retention decisions, based on titles, abstracts, and full-text articles. Results: A total of 34 articles were initially identified, of which 17 were excluded due to duplication, not an intervention study, or unrelated. Retained studies varied in structure and context (included drinking, antidepressant use, weight, asthma/smoking, anxiety, hypertension, substance abuse, diabetes, HIV, and anger management). Results describe patient characteristics, MI training of interventionists, intervention protocol, cultural sensitivity of intervention, target outcome(s), and results. Conclusion: MI is an evidence-based strategy set that may require cultural tailoring for effective use within specific minority populations. This systematic review suggests that heterogeneity of studies makes comparisons for an optimal protocol challenging: general findings suggest that cultural tailoring of interventions is important for those who may be talking with Hispanic patients about health behaviors needed to achieve optimal outcomes. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Hispanic motivational interviewing population systematic review EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult anxiety communication skill consumer cultural sensitivity data base diabetes mellitus drinking education evidence based practice health health behavior human Human immunodeficiency virus hypertension intervention study language patient prevalence PsycINFO scientist speech substance abuse systematic review (topic) weight LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 317 TITLE Smart Moves, Smart Choices: how school nurses can help safeguard students from teen prescription drug abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Embrey M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Embrey M.L.) NASN, Silver Spring, MD, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.L. Embrey, NASN, Silver Spring, MD, USA. SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2012) 27:2 (101-102). Date of Publication: Mar 2012 ISSN 1942-602X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prescription drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human methodology nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22567785 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22567785) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X11434481 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 318 TITLE The Impact of the Georgia Health Sciences University Nursing Faculty Practice on Tobacco Cessation Rates AUTHOR NAMES Heath J. Inglett S. Young S. Joshua T.V. Sakievich N. Hawkins J. Andrews J.O. Tingen M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heath J., Janie.heath@virginia.edu) University of Virginia School of Nursing, Claude Moore Nursing Education Building, PO Box 800826, 225 Jeanette, Lancaster Way, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0826, United States. (Inglett S.; Joshua T.V.; Hawkins J.) Department of Physiological and Technological Nursing, College of Nursing, Georgia Health Sciences University, 987 Saint Sebastian Way, EC 5426, Augusta, GA 30912, United States. (Young S.) Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Health Sciences University, 1120 15th Street, August, GA 30912, United States. (Sakievich N.) NFPG Tobacco Cessation Program, 987 Saint Sebastian Way, EC 5396, Augusta, GA 30912, United States. (Andrews J.O.) College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 99 Jonathan Lucas Street, MSC 160, Charleston SC 29425, United States. (Tingen M.S.) Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Health Sciences University, 1120 15th Street, BT 1852, Augusta GA 30912, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Heath, University of Virginia School of Nursing, Claude Moore Nursing Education Building, PO Box 800826, 225 Jeanette, Lancaster Way, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0826, United States. Email: Janie.heath@virginia.edu SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2012) 47:1 (1-12). Date of Publication: March 2012 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Nursing faculty practice groups can play a vital role in tobacco cessation in academic medical centers. Outcomes from the Georgia Health Sciences University Nursing Faculty Practice Group Tobacco Cessation Program revealed 64% abstinence outcomes at the end of treatment (N = 160) over a 2-year period from the campus-wide tobacco-free policy initiation. A nurse-led, evidence-based, interdisciplinary approach can be an effective strategy to make a difference in the lives of tobacco-dependent individuals, while at the same time integrating practice with education and research. © 2012. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) evidence based practice faculty practice nursing practice outcome assessment smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged female human male methodology middle aged nonbiological model program development review school United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22289393 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22289393) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2011.10.005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 319 TITLE Education by a Nurse Increases the Adherence to Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients AUTHOR NAMES Alavian S.M. Aalaei-Andabili S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Alavian S.M.; Aalaei-Andabili S.) Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Tehran, Iran. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.M. Alavian, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Tehran, Iran. SOURCE Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012) 10:2 (203). Date of Publication: February 2012 ISSN 1542-3565 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education hepatitis C nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS genotype intravenous drug abuse letter marriage occupation quality of life socioeconomics treatment duration treatment response EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012045664 MEDLINE PMID 21839708 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21839708) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2011.08.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 320 TITLE Implementing practice guidelines and education to improve care of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome AUTHOR NAMES Lucas K. Knobel R.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lucas K., kay@nc.rr.com; Knobel R.B.) Department of Nursing, Cape Fear Valley Health System, Fayetteville, NC, United States. (Lucas K., kay@nc.rr.com) Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Lucas, 3937 Nikita D, Hope Mills, NC 28348, United States. Email: kay@nc.rr.com SOURCE Advances in Neonatal Care (2012) 12:1 (40-45). Date of Publication: February 2012 ISSN 1536-0903 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To develop and implement a program for the management of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and the use of the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring Tool (FNAST). We evaluated knowledge gain in nurses as a result of implementation of the practice guidelines and education. SUBJECTS: Participants included 68 nurses employed in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a single facility. DESIGN: A nonexperimental, pretest/posttest study evaluated change in nursing knowledge about NAS and the use of the FNAST after implementation of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and an educational project. METHODS: Nurses were tested before and after participation in education about NAS. A subset of 10 nurses was evaluated using the FNAST with videos of infants having NAS. RESULTS: Volunteer participation in the NAS educational project occurred in 81% of the NICU nurses. All nurses showed some improvement in scores on the posttest, with 2% to 44% improvement. All 10 nurses who participated in the interactive DVD test scored 90% or more against the FNAST criterion 1 week after participation in the educational project. CONCLUSION: Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and education around NAS and the FNAST equip caregivers with the necessary tools to consistently and accurately assess an infant with NAS when using the FNAST. Copyright © 2012 by The National Association of Neonatal Nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) newborn intensive care newborn nursing nursing assessment withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical competence computer interface education evaluation study human methodology newborn nursing practice guideline standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22301543 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22301543) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e318241bd73 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 321 TITLE Prospective validation of a predictive model that identifies homeless people at risk of re-presentation to the emergency department AUTHOR NAMES Moore G. Hepworth G. Weiland T. Manias E. Gerdtz M.F. Kelaher M. Dunt D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moore G., dgmoore@optusnet.com.au) Melbourne School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia. (Hepworth G.) Statistical Consulting Centre, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia. (Weiland T.) EPIcentre, Emergency Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia. (Manias E.; Gerdtz M.F.) Melbourne School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Level 5, 234 Queensberry St, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia. (Kelaher M.; Dunt D.) Centre for Health Policy, Programs and Economics, Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Moore, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia. Email: dgmoore@optusnet.com.au SOURCE Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal (2012) 15:1 (2-13). Date of Publication: February 2012 ISSN 1574-6267 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Objective: To prospectively evaluate the accuracy of a predictive model to identify homeless people at risk of representation to an emergency department. Methods: A prospective cohort analysis utilised one month of data from a Principal Referral Hospital in Melbourne, Australia. All visits involving people classified as homeless were included, excluding those who died. Homelessness was defined as living on the streets, in crisis accommodation, in boarding houses or residing in unstable housing. Rates of re-presentation, defined as the total number of visits to the same emergency department within 28 days of discharge from hospital, were measured. Performance of the risk screening tool was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios. Results: Over the study period (April 1, 2009 to April 30, 2009), 3298 presentations from 2888 individuals were recorded. The homeless population accounted for 10% (n=327) of all visits and 7% (n=211) of all patients. A total of 90 (43%) homeless people re-presented to the emergency department. The predictive model included nine variables and achieved 98% (CI, 0.92-0.99) sensitivity and 66% (CI, 0.57-0.74) specificity. The positive predictive value was 68% and the negative predictive value was 98%. The positive likelihood ratio 2.9 (CI, 2.2-3.7) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.03 (CI, 0.01-0.13). Conclusion: The high emergency department re-presentation rate for people who were homeless identifies unresolved psychosocial health needs. The emergency department remains a vital access point for homeless people, particularly after hours. The risk screening tool is key to identify medical and social aspects of a homeless patient's presentation to assist early identification and referral. © 2012 College of Emergency Nursing Australasia Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency health service homelessness hospital readmission patient attitude statistical model EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) article Australia (epidemiology) cohort analysis female hospital human injury (epidemiology) male mental disease (epidemiology) mental health prospective study public hospital risk assessment risk factor socioeconomics statistics urban population utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22813618 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22813618) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2011.12.004 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 322 TITLE A research-practice partnership for enhancing drug court effectiveness. AUTHOR NAMES Vandermause R. Altshuler S. Baker R. Howell D. Roll J.M. Severtsen B. Short R. Wu L.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vandermause R.) Washington State University College of Nursing, Spokane, WA, USA. (Altshuler S.; Baker R.; Howell D.; Roll J.M.; Severtsen B.; Short R.; Wu L.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Vandermause, Washington State University College of Nursing, Spokane, WA, USA. Email: rvandermause@wsu.edu SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2012) 23:1 (14-21). Date of Publication: Feb 2012 ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Research and practice partnerships that focus on substance use and criminal justice are necessary to address the needs and concerns of substance users, their families, and the community. Such partnerships are complex and therefore create challenges in implementing research that is simultaneously relevant and rigorous. This article describes a developing research-practice community-based partnership that guides several related research studies. Lessons learned, implications for nursing, and practical recommendations for others in forming such partnerships are offered. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (etiology, therapy) criminal law nursing research offender public relations EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cooperation human legal aspect needs assessment organization and management psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22468656 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22468656) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 323 TITLE The employment of nurses in publicly funded substance abuse treatment programs. AUTHOR NAMES Knudsen H.K. Abraham A.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Knudsen H.K.) Hannah K. Knudsen, PhD, Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Amanda J. Abraham, PhD, was at University of Georgia, Athens, when this study was conducted. She is now at Department of Health Services Policy and Management, University of South Carolina, Columbia. Correspondence related to content to: Hannah K. Knudsen, PhD, Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, 141 Medical Behavioral Science Building, Lexington, KY 40536-0086. (Abraham A.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.K. Knudsen, SOURCE Journal of addictions nursing (2012) 23:3 (174-180). Date of Publication: Oct 2012 ISSN 1548-7148 (electronic) ABSTRACT Little is known about the organizational and environmental factors associated with the employment of nurses in substance abuse treatment programs. Using data collected from the administrators of 250 publicly funded substance abuse treatment programs, this study examined the organizational and environmental correlates of nurse employment in these settings. Negative binomial regression models indicated that the number of nurses employed by treatment programs was positively associated with government ownership, location within a healthcare setting, and the availability of detoxification services. Outpatient-only programs employed fewer nurses than programs with inpatient/residential services. Two environmental factors were associated with nurse employment. Programs that more strongly endorsed a scale of financial barriers employed significantly fewer nurses, whereas programs indicating that funding from state contracts could be used to pay for healthcare providers employed significantly more nurses. These findings suggest that organizational decisions about employing nurses may reflect both the characteristics of the program and the funding environment. Future research should continue to examine the employment of nurses in substance abuse treatment settings, particularly given the shifting environment due to the implementation of healthcare reform. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction drug dependence treatment employment nursing staff personnel management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent ambulatory care article economics health care survey human manpower nursing organization organization and management regression analysis residential care statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 24135687 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24135687) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 324 TITLE The preparation of graduate health professionals for working with bereaved clients: An Australian perspective AUTHOR NAMES Breen L. Fernandez M. O'Connor M. Pember A.-J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Breen L.) Curtin University and Edith Cowan University, Australia. (Fernandez M.; Pember A.-J.) Edith Cowan University, Australia. (O'Connor M.) Curtin University, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Curtin University and Edith Cowan University, Australia. SOURCE Omega (United States) (2012) 66:4 (313-332). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2012 ISSN 0030-2228 1541-3764 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Baywood Publishing Co. Inc., 26 Austin Avenue, P.O. Box 337, Amityville, United States. ABSTRACT Students enrolled in health profession courses require grief education so that, upon graduation, they are able to meet the needs of clients living with loss and grief. We investigated grief and loss education in six Australian university programs - medicine, nursing, counseling, psychology, social work, and occupational therapy - drawing from course documents and face-to-face interviews with key staff and final-year students. Only the counseling course included a dedicated grief and loss unit. The nursing, medicine, and occupational therapy courses emphasized end-of-life issues rather than a breadth of bereavement experiences. The social work course taught grief as a socially-constructed practice and the psychology course focused on grief and loss in addiction. Several factors influenced the delivery of grief education, including staffing, time, placement opportunities, student feedback, and needs of each profession. The study provides an indication as to how future health professionals are prepared for grief and loss issues in their practice. © 2013, Baywood Publishing Co., Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to death grief health care personnel health personnel attitude human relation medical personnel EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult article Australia curriculum female human male needs assessment psychological aspect statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 23785983 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23785983) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/OM.66.4.c COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 325 TITLE Role of play therapy in child health promotion AUTHOR NAMES Manav Mert G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Manav Mert G.) Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing Division, Marmara University, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Manav Mert, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing Division, Marmara University, Turkey. SOURCE Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics (2011) 100 SUPPL. 463 (93). Date of Publication: December 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 3rd Excellence in Paediatrics Conference and the 1st PNAE Congress on Paediatric Nursing CONFERENCE LOCATION Istanbul, Turkey CONFERENCE DATE 2011-11-30 to 2011-12-03 ISSN 0803-5253 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT As the game is a process with its own difficulties and particularly aims to help children whose reactions aren't clear during the communication; the game kind, the statements during the game and the pictures the child drew is important to show child's mood status. The game is an active learning process and a part of real life which aims a particular reason or not, happens in a regular or irregular way but in every situation, the child take place longing and craving for it and is fundamental of physical, cognitive, oral, affective and social development (Bilir, 1995). The game lets the child to communicate with the others and his/her own personality, to learn, to gain new roles and to deal with traumatic situations (Gill & Drewes, 2005). It is known that the interaction of the children hospitalized in hospitals with their environment has been prevented for physical and physiological reasons and in case of they couldn't play games, these children have had problems like depression, inadequate growth, developmental and learning disorders, stress and orientation disorders. As Barnes stated (1992), the involuntary physical and social isolation that the child has because of the restrictions in the hospital could be reduced. When the nurse creates a theoretical and methodological notional framework using the child centered games, the nurse may have an opportunity to take place in a multi-professional team to protect the child's health. Child centered games aim to create a free environment that will support child's growth and integration of his/her own self conception (Rocha & friends, 2005). A humanistic and undirected environment provides admission and confidence environment to the child. In a child centered game, the child is the director of the game. The game makes easy to develop the child's self conception and supports to order the child's attitude way. The game can be applied to the all situations in which the child has depressions, obsessions and attitude, attention and chronic disorders (Gill, Drewes, 2005; Pehrsson, Aguleria, 2007). Pediatric nursing aims to develop the children at the highest level in the society and the family in respect of physical, intellectual, affective and social ways. Nurses' knowing the game which is one of the basic elements in the child's healthy development with all aspects and using it in every practice related to children will contribute significant contributions to pediatric nursing for reaching its goal. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health health promotion nursing pediatrics play therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child child growth environment friend gill hospital human interpersonal communication learning learning disorder mood nurse obsession pediatric nursing personality social evolution social isolation society withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02486.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 326 TITLE Female vulnerability to episodic and continuous social stress: Dopamine and cocaine self-administration AUTHOR NAMES Shimamoto A. Holly E.N. DeBold J.F. Miczek K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shimamoto A.; Holly E.N.; DeBold J.F.; Miczek K.A.) Tufts University, Medford, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.A. Miczek, Tufts University, Medford, United States. SOURCE Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36 SUPPL. 1 (S328-S329). Date of Publication: December 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 50th Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP CONFERENCE LOCATION Waikoloa, HI, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-12-04 to 2011-12-08 ISSN 0893-133X BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: Women are more vulnerable to stressors inducing certain types of psychiatric disorders, including major depression. Chronic stress disorders are often associated with substance use disorders, and the mechanisms by which stressful experiences alter drug taking have yet to be studied. Evidence suggests that certain types of social stress can enhance neuronal adaptation in drug reward pathway, particularly in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Recently we have demonstrated that in males, chronic social defeat stress caused a blunted response to a cocaine challenge in extracellular dopamine (DA) in the NAc, whereas intermittent social defeat stress enhanced DA response to the cocaine challenge. Rats that experienced chronic social defeat stress self-administered fewer infusions of cocaine during a 24-h ''binge'' of cocaine selfadministration as opposed to rats that took more cocaine after they experienced intermittent social defeat stress. These data prompted us to examine the effects of social defeat stress on 1) DA response to cocaine, 2) behavioral sensitization, and 3) cocaine self-administration in female rats. Methods: Female Long-Evans rats were examined for baseline measurements of weight, preference for saccharin, and estrous cycles. Once the baseline measurements were stable, the rats were assigned to either intermittent episodic, continuous social stress or non-stressed control groups. For chronic social subordination stress, each experimental female rat confronted a nursing dam for 30 min twice daily for 21 days. In the intervals between the confrontations, the rat was housed in a wire-mesh protective cage inside the opponent's home cage to maximize the effects of being threatened by the resident aggressor. For intermittent social defeat stress, each rat experienced four episodes of direct confrontation separated by 72 hours. Ten days after the last confrontation, the experimental rat was challenged with 10 mg/kg of cocaine to examine either behavioral sensitization or the extracellular DA and serotonin (5-HT) responses in the NAc, using HPLC. Thereafter, the rats acquired cocaine (0.75 mg/kg/infusion) self-administration and were maintained on a FR 5 schedule, followed by a progressive ratio schedule (0.3 mg/kg/infusion). Finally, a 24-h 'binge' test was performed, reinforcing each fifth response with a 0.2 mg/kg/ infusion of cocaine. For some rats, the 'binge' test consisted of a variable dose (0.375, 0.75 and 1.5 mg/kg/infusion) sequence. Results: 1) DA response to cocaine: Cocaine increased extracellular DA in the NAc, and this increment was significantly reduced in rats which experienced continuous social subordination stress. The extracellular 5-HT response to cocaine was also blunted in continuously stressed rats. These rats exhibited less preference for saccharin, lower weight gain, and disruption of estrous cycles. In contrast, these behavioral parameters were not influenced in rats which experienced intermittent episodes of social defeat stress. The effect of cocaine challenge on extracellular DA was longlasting in these rats. 2) Locomotor activity as assessed by duration of walking behavior was significantly increased in rats which experienced intermittent social defeat stress. Particularly, rats in the estrous phase showed a prominent increase in duration of walking behavior. The increased locomotor activity persisted for 30 min after the acute cocaine injection. 3) Rats which experienced intermittent episodes of social defeat stress had higher number of cocaine infusions when they were in proestrus. The 24-h 'binge' test did not reveal stress effects in females that had experienced intermittent episodes of social defeat. Discussion: Two types of social stress engendered distinct patterns of neurochemical and behavioral profiles in females that differed also from those in males. Particularly, the blunted DA and 5-HT responses to cocaine and the anhedonia-like behavioral deficits during and after continuous social stress suggest that these female rats exhibit a depressive-like phenotype. Disruption of endocrine cyclicity, suppressed preference for sweets and shorter cocaine binges are consistent with cardinal symptoms of a depressive-like phenotype. In contrast, episodic social defeat stress which resulted in behavioral sensitization did not intensify cocaine self-administration, suggesting that - in contrast to males - females may show a clear dissociation between stress-induced behavioral sensitization and intense cocaine binges. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine dopamine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS saccharin serotonin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college drug self administration female psychopharmacology social stress EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptation anhedonia chronic stress control group dissociation estrus cycle experimental rat high performance liquid chromatography human infusion injection locomotion Long Evans rat major depression male mare mental disease nucleus accumbens nursing phenotype proestrus rat reward sensitization social interaction substance abuse walking weight weight gain LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.293 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 327 TITLE Smoking status of Turkish nursing students and factors affecting their behavior. AUTHOR NAMES Öztürk C. Bektaş M. Yilmaz E. Salman F. Şahin T. Ilmek M. Göke G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Öztürk C.) School of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University Izmir, Turkey. (Bektaş M.; Yilmaz E.; Salman F.; Şahin T.; Ilmek M.; Göke G.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Öztürk, School of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University Izmir, Turkey. SOURCE Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP (2011) 12:7 (1687-1692). Date of Publication: 2011 ISSN 1513-7368 ABSTRACT This descriptive-cross sectional study was conducted in order to determine the smoking status of nursing students and factors affecting their behavior. Subjects were 220 students who were selected from all classes of a School of Nursing with a stratified random sampling method and who voluntarily accepted to participate. Permission was obtained both from individuals and the relevant institution to conduct the study. Data were collected through Demographic Data Collecting Form, Decisional Balance Scale, Fegostrom Addiction Test and Cessation phase scale. Percentage calculations, chi square, odd ratio, Kruskal wallis and CHAID analysis were used in the assessment of the data. 81.5% of the students were female (163), average age was 20.9±1.6 years, age at first smoking was 15.4±4.1, 58.5 of the parents were smokers and at least one person from among their friends was smoking (30%). 19.5% of the students were smoking. The difference between smoking ratios of male and female students was significant (p<0.001). Rates increased with increase in the number of friends who smoke (p<0.001). Differences were detected across geographical regions (p=0.023). Smoking mostly increases at times of exams (42.5%). It was estimated that 69.2% of the smokers are addicts at a low level. Some 56.3% of the smokers and 12.5% of non-smokers found smoking beneficial (p<0.001), this increasing the future smoking risk nine fold. Pros and cons perceptions score averages of smokers were intermediate. The difference between score averages of smokers and non-smokers as regards to cancerogenic effects of smoking was found to be statistically significant (p=0.034). 34% of the students stated that their opinions about smoking did not change even though they received an education in the field of nursing. One in five students participating in the study was smoker. In terms of variables, while gender, geographical region, number of friends using cigarettes and times of exams effect the use of cigarettes, no influence was noted for class, perceived income level, settlement, smoking and cancer cases in the family. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health nursing student smoking (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cross-sectional study educational status female health behavior human male questionnaire statistics tobacco dependence Turkey (republic) (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22126545 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22126545) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 328 TITLE Alcohol use among college freshmen: A longitudinal analysis using facebook AUTHOR NAMES Gannon K. Eikhoff J. Huang A. Moreno M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gannon K.; Eikhoff J.; Huang A.; Moreno M.) University of Wisconsin, Department of Biostatistics, Madison, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Gannon, University of Wisconsin, Department of Biostatistics, Madison, United States. SOURCE Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics (2011) 100 SUPPL. 463 (18). Date of Publication: December 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 3rd Excellence in Paediatrics Conference and the 1st PNAE Congress on Paediatric Nursing CONFERENCE LOCATION Istanbul, Turkey CONFERENCE DATE 2011-11-30 to 2011-12-03 ISSN 0803-5253 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Introduction: College student alcohol use is associated with negative health consequences, but identification of at risk students is challenging. Facebook is a social networking website used by most college students; it may be an innovative venue to identify peak times of problem alcohol use. Patterns of Facebook alcohol display over time have not been previously examined. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a longitudinal evaluation of displayed alcohol on Facebook profiles throughout freshmen year. Methods: Public Facebook profiles of freshmen undergraduates from a large state university were examined at four time periods over the course of 1 year. Content analysis included self-displayed demographic information and references to alcohol. Data collections included: prior to beginning college (Time 1), early in fall semester (Time 2), the conclusion of fall semester (Time 3), and the end of freshmen year (Time 4). A zero-inflated negative binomial regression model with subject specific random effects was used to analyze the number of displayed alcohol references. Results: Of 150 included profiles, 97% were 18 years old; 55% were female. Among males, 39% of profile owners displayed alcohol at Time 1; 55% displayed at Time 4 (P = 0.037). Among females, 57% displayed references to alcohol at Time 1 compared to 65% at Time 4. Across all time points, the number of alcohol references displayed by females was significantly higher than for males with a mean difference of 2.5 (SD 0.9) references (P < 0.001). For females, the number of alcohol references significantly increased from Time 1 to 2 (P < 0.001) and decreased afterwards to levels below Time 1 values (P < 0.001). In contrast, a linear increase in the number of alcohol references from Time 1 (mean 1.3, SD 0.3) to Time 4 (mean 2.1, SD 0.4) was observed for males (P < 0.001). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption college nursing pediatrics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS college student content analysis female health human information processing longitudinal study male model risk student university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02484.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 329 TITLE Digital imaging for the education of proper surgical hand disinfection. AUTHOR NAMES Haidegger T. Nagy M. Lehotsky A. Szilágyi L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haidegger T.) Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Dept. of Control Engineering and Information Technology, Budapest, Hungary. (Nagy M.; Lehotsky A.; Szilágyi L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Haidegger, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Dept. of Control Engineering and Information Technology, Budapest, Hungary. Email: haidegger@iit.bme.hu SOURCE Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (2011) 14:Pt 3 (619-626). Date of Publication: 2011 ABSTRACT Nosocomial infections are the undesirable result of a treatment in a hospital, or a health care service unit, not related to the patient's original condition. Despite the evolution of medicine, fundamental problems with hand hygiene remain existent, leading to the spread of nosocomial infections. Our group has been working on a generic solution to provide a method and apparatus to teach and verify proper hand disinfection. The general idea is to mark the skin surfaces that were sufficiently treated with alcoholic hand rub. Digital image processing is employed to determine the location of these areas and overlay it on the segmented hand, visualizing the results in an intuitive form. A non-disruptive ultraviolet marker is mixed to a commercially available hand rub, therefore leaving the original hand washing workflow intact. Digital images are taken in an enclosed device we developed for this purpose. First, robust hand contour segmentation is performed, then a histogram-based formulation of the fuzzy c-means algorithm is employed for the classification of clean versus dirty regions, minimizing the processing time of the images. The method and device have been tested in 3 hospitals in Hungary, Romania and Singapore, on surgeons, residents, medical students and nurses. A health care professional verified the results of the segmentation, since no gold standard is available for the recorded human cases. We were able to identify the hand boundaries correctly in 99.2% of the cases. The device can give objective feedback to medical students and staff to develop and maintain proper hand disinfection practice. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol derivative topical antiinfective agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cross infection (prevention) hand washing medical education teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chemistry health care personnel hospital human hygiene image processing infection control methodology signal processing statistical model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22003751 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22003751) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 330 TITLE Opioid replacement therapy: A wait unmanaged AUTHOR NAMES Harlow W. Happell B. Browne G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harlow W.; Happell B., b.happell@cqu.edu.au) Institute for Health, Social Science Research, Australia. (Harlow W.; Happell B., b.happell@cqu.edu.au) School of Nursing and Midwifery, CQUniversity Australia, Rockhampton, Australia. (Harlow W.) Southside Clinic, Alcohol Tobacco and Other Drugs Service, Queensland Health, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia. (Browne G.) School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Happell, School of Nursing and Midwifery, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, Queensland 4702, Australia. Email: b.happell@cqu.edu.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2011) 20:6 (418-427). Date of Publication: December 2011 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT There has been a rapid increase in members of the Australian population using opioids in recent years. The flow-on effect has been an increase in demand for treatments, particularly opioid replacement therapy (ORT), but the availability of treatments has not increased. This has frequently resulted in delays before treatment can be commenced. Outcomes could improve if health-care professionals had clearer guidelines on how to prioritize access to ORT. This review investigates the triage of consumers in ORT within Australia. Information on triage in ORT was not available, and an understanding of how consumer needs are managed when they present for ORT triage was not identified. In the absence of research to guide this practice, the body of evidence regarding ORT treatment access is weighted on government policies. Triage, as applied in general health and mental health-care service delivery, was reviewed to consider the components of triage and how these might pertain to triage in ORT. Failure to facilitate the needs of consumers accessing ORT can result in further harm to consumers and increased social and financial costs for society. Research is required to investigate how this issue is currently being managed and to lead the way for needed improvements in service delivery. © 2011 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2011 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital admission opiate substitution treatment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article Australia (epidemiology) child emergency health service female health service human male mental health service middle aged opiate addiction (drug therapy, epidemiology) practice guideline statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21592273 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21592273) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2011.00748.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 331 TITLE Parental impact on environmental tobacco smoke exposure in preschool children: A comparative study between rural and urban areas in greece AUTHOR NAMES Matziou V. Kletsiou E. Gotzia D. Giotas Bozas E. Douros K. Priftis K. Tsoumakas K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Matziou V.; Kletsiou E.) Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. (Gotzia D.; Giotas; Douros K.; Priftis K.) 3rd Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Athens Attikon, Athens, Greece. (Bozas E.; Tsoumakas K.) Pediatric Research Laboratory, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. Matziou, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. SOURCE Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics (2011) 100 SUPPL. 463 (108-109). Date of Publication: December 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 3rd Excellence in Paediatrics Conference and the 1st PNAE Congress on Paediatric Nursing CONFERENCE LOCATION Istanbul, Turkey CONFERENCE DATE 2011-11-30 to 2011-12-03 ISSN 0803-5253 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Introduction: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with worsening respiratory symptoms and decreased pulmonary function. Greece is among the countries that face a serious smoking problem. Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the size of the problem and the impact of the parental characteristics on ETS exposure in preschool children in urban and rural environment. Material - Methods: Preschool children attending nursery schools living in urban (UR) and rural environment (RU) were evaluated. ETS exposure was measured by the child's urine cotinine levels, whereas information on demographics, child's clinical status and house environment, including smoking status of each household member, were selected by parents' interviews. Results: We studied 234 children, (52.6% boys) with a mean age of 4.02 ± 0.61 yrs, 48.3% in UR environment. Mean urine cotinine levels in the whole sample were 50.2 ± 118.7 ng/mL, which equals to heavy exposure in ETS for non-smokers. The exposure in RU environment was heavy, whereas much less exposure was observed in UR (73.8 ± 144.7 and 25.7 ± 72.7 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.005). A correlation between the cotinine levels and the educational level of the parents (P ≤ 0.001), as well as the number of the cigarettes the parents declared to smoke per day (P ≤ 0.001) was found. Interestingly, analysis revealed a correlation between the cotinine levels and the fathers' smoking status (P = 0.005), but not with the mothers' smoking cigarette number (P = 0.101), in children living in UR, while in children living in RU the smoker mother affected the cotinine levels (P = 0.002) and the smoker father, marginally, did not (P = 0.053). However, there was no correlation between the level of exposure and the allergy status, history of respiratory infections, or wheezing illness. Conclusion: ETS exposure of preschool children is a serious health problem in Greece. It is more pronounced in RU areas where maternal smoking appears to play more important role. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) tobacco smoke EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cotinine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) comparative study exposure Greece human nursing pediatrics preschool child urban area EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS allergy boy child environment father female general aspects of disease health household interview lung function male maternal smoking mother nursery school parent respiratory tract infection rural area smoke smoking smoking urine wheezing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02488.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 332 TITLE Impact of a lecture intervention on the knowledge, attitudes and behavior in smoking of first year medical students from the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Santo Tomas School year 2010-2011 AUTHOR NAMES Javier A.G. Santos M.A.R. Calata-Rosales R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Javier A.G.; Santos M.A.R.; Calata-Rosales R.) Center for Respiratory Medicine, University of Santo Tomas Hospital Espana, Manila, Philippines. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.G. Javier, Center for Respiratory Medicine, University of Santo Tomas Hospital Espana, Manila, Philippines. SOURCE Respirology (2011) 16 SUPPL. 2 (44-46). Date of Publication: November 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 16th Congress of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology CONFERENCE LOCATION Shanghai, China CONFERENCE DATE 2011-11-03 to 2011-11-06 ISSN 1323-7799 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT Introduction: Tobacco related deaths have been projected to increase from 3.0 million in 1990 to 8.4 million in 2020, which will make tobacco the largest single health problem at this time.1 There are 80-90% of deaths from chronic obstructive lung disease attributed to tobacco, and smokers have six times the risk of contracting this disease compared with non-smokers; similarly, 80-85% of lung cancer deaths are attributed to tobacco use, with smokers having 10 times the risk compared with non-smokers.2 National and international responses to the public health problem of tobacco therefore need to be intensified. Primary care physicians have a vital role to play in advising patients to stop smoking as most smokers visit their doctor. Doctors and nurses are expected not only to offer care for their patients but also to be a model to the advice they offer. Studies have found that the practices and behaviours of their health-care providers can significantly influence health-related behaviour of patients. Moreover, studies have shown that very brief advice from the doctor yields one year quit rates of 5-10%, and interventions that are more comprehensive, including follow up sessions, produce abstinence rates of 20-36%.2 Another important way to control tobacco use is to encourage medical schools to teach about tobacco issues in the curriculum. It is vital that medical students, the future medical practitioners, have adequate knowledge of smoking related diseases and skills in smoking cessation. However, despite this important data citing the important role of health-care providers in helping smokers to quit, medical practitioners has not been proactive in providing smoking cessation services to patients3. Inadequate education, knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of health-care providers regarding smoking and smoking cessation have been reported as one of the many factors that may contribute to the ineffective tobacco treatment interventions. The literature reveals serious deficiencies in knowledge and counselling skills among medical students, and large gaps in the medical curriculum with respect to tobacco issues. If future medical practitioners are to engage actively in advising smokers to quit, it is vital that they acquire the skills and knowledge base which will allow them to accomplish this task. Medical students should receive sufficient knowledge of the determinants of smoking and specific training on how to help patients to stop smoking, and a tobacco module should be included in the curriculum of every medical school. Review of Related Literature There have been many studies conducted around the world to determine the smoking rates of medical students and their knowledge of smoking related diseases and intervention strategies. Recognizing the important role of the future health-care providers in smoking cessation campaign, the Tobacco Prevention Section of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD), a committee of representatives from many countries concerned with tobacco control and prevention, has conducted a series of studies in medical schools globally. The studies were joint collaborations between the IUATLD, the World Health Organization (WHO), the American Cancer Society, and the International Union against Cancer. The surveys were conducted among more than 9000 students from 51 medical schools in 42 countries. The objectives were to determine the smoking rates of medical students; to ascertain medical students' knowledge of smoking as a major cause of disease; and to determine whether students believed they can counsel patients about smoking. Additionally, many medical schools have conducted surveys among their student populations. In these surveys, most of them have the same conclusions: medical students lacked relevant information about smoking and health and the effectiveness of cessation methods. In a survey done by Raupauch et al in a medical school in Germany and in London, smoking-related mortality was underestimated by students from both study sites. Their data suggest that smoking medical students greatly overestimated the chances of reaching old age as a smoker and less than a third of medical students from both study sites felt competent to counsel smoking patients. This finding was constant across different stages of medical education. A study done by Tessier et al on medical schools in Asia also revealed a gross underestimation of tobacco's causal role in a number of important diseases, e.g. coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, emphysema, bladder cancer and neonatal mortality. There were notable defects both in training and in motivation to counsel smoking patients. Similar survey done on medical schools in Africa by Tessier et al also yielded same conclusions. An international study by Crofton and colleagues of smoking among medical students in 42 countries, which asked the students about their knowledge of its health consequences and looked at the implications for medical education, has reported disturbing levels of smoking and widespread ignorance about diseases caused by smoking. In Europe, nearly one in five male medical students smokes. In Japan the rate is one in three, with only just over half of students agreeing that cigarette smoking cause lung cancer. Smokers generally tell the truth about their smoking, but asking medical students if they smoke may be like asking theology students if they blaspheme.9 Many of the self reported rates of smoking among medical students are likely to be underestimates. Crofton's group has circulated its findings to the deans of all European medical schools and asked them to take action. Some will be spurred into reviewing their curriculums. In a review by Richmond, he found out that as medical students progress through their course their knowledge of smoking as a major cause of disease increase but, interestingly, superior knowledge did not lead to a lower rate of smoking, as students in the latter years generally smoked more than those in the earlier years. Students seem more likely to begin smoking in medical school than to give it up, and to increase their cigarette consumption rather than decrease it, supporting the suggestion that, in medical students, medical education and knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking have relatively little impact on smoking. It would seem that the effect of increased knowledge about smoking does not relate to students' smoking behaviour. Same results were also seen in a study by Patkar et al in comparing smoking habits among medical and nursing students. As the students progressed through their education, little change in smoking habits including plans to quit were observed during the course of medical and nursing education. It is this inadequate education about tobacco treatment which hinders healthcare practitioners to provide effective tobacco treatment interventions to their patients. Also, it is the smoking behaviour and attitude of these doctors which hinder them to provide adequate counselling on their patients who smoke. In an editorial by Chapman, he questioned those general practitioners and medical students who smoke. The first consideration concerns doctors' roles and, many would add, responsibilities as exemplars. A recent Australian study of smokers from low socioeconomic groups found that half of them agreed with the statement that 'a lot of doctors smoke.' How can doctors condemn smoking when so many of them do it themselves, and, by extension, 'Why should I stop smoking when plenty of doctors don't?' 10 The second consideration is whether smoking by doctors inhibits any of them from counselling patients about smoking. Despite the enormous publicity given to the health consequences of smoking and, more recently, the efforts of drug companies to promote nicotine replacement therapy, the depressing fact remains that doctors are either blind to their patients' smoking or unwilling to raise the issue. A recent British study reported that less than one third of smokers could recall being given advice to stop by their general practitioner. 10 In Australia just over half of smokers had been given such advice10 and general practitioners could identify only 62% of their patients who smoked.10 Hence, Chapman, raised the issue of whether medical students who smoke should be channelled away from primary care? Many of the literature support the fact there is an increasing trend of smokers among that medical students and many of them are underreported. Objectives Prior to the implementation of a new curriculum regarding tobacco and its treatment, basic information about smoking among medical students would be important since their approach and credibility as treatment providers would be largely influenced by their smoking habits, their attitudes and perceptions towards smoking. Hence, the authors of this study would like to investigate the smoking habits of this population using a cross-sectional approach. The main objective of this study is to describe and assess the behaviour, knowledge and attitudes of medical students on smoking by means of a survey. Specifically, the authors of this study would like to: Investigate the smoking habits of first year medical students enrolled in UST Faculty of Medicine and Surgery Determine whether smoking habits, knowledge and attitude of first year medical students will change after a lecture Methodology Study Design Cross-sectional survey descriptive study. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Asian human medical student school smoking society surgery university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence Africa Asia Australia bladder cancer cancer mortality chronic obstructive lung disease coronary artery disease counseling curriculum death education emphysema Europe follow up general practitioner Germany health health behavior health care personnel Japan knowledge base lung cancer lung disease male mass medium medical education medical school methodology model mortality motivation neoplasm newborn mortality nicotine replacement therapy non profit organization nurse nursing education nursing student patient peripheral vascular disease physician population prevention primary medical care public health problem recall responsibility risk senescence skill smoke smoking smoking cessation smoking habit student study design theology tobacco tuberculosis United Kingdom world health organization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1400-1843.2011.02071.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 333 TITLE Internet addiction among students of the medical university of białystok AUTHOR NAMES Krajewska-Kulłak E. Kułak W. Marcinkowski J.T. Damme-Ostapowicz K.V. Lewko J. Lankau A. Łukaszuk C. Rozwadowska E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Krajewska-Kulłak E., elzbieta.krajewska@wp.pl; Damme-Ostapowicz K.V.; Lewko J.; Lankau A.; Łukaszuk C.; Rozwadowska E.) Departments of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Biaystok, 7a M. Curie-Skodowskiej str, 15-096, Biaystok, Poland. (Kułak W.) Pediatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Białystok, Poland. (Marcinkowski J.T.) Social Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Krajewska-Kulłak, Departments of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Biaystok, 7a M. Curie-Skodowskiej str, 15-096, Biaystok, Poland. Email: elzbieta.krajewska@wp.pl SOURCE CIN - Computers Informatics Nursing (2011) 29:11 (657-661). Date of Publication: November 2011 ISSN 1538-2931 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to assess Internet addiction among students of the Faculty of Health Prevention at the Medical University of Białystok. The present study included 358 students-nursing (n = 232), midwifery (n = 71), and medical rescue (n = 55). The following instruments were administered to the participants:the Young test, a test of the intensity of the abstinence syndrome, and a test of "online" addiction. Students who did not have a computer at home spent 3 hours a day on the Internet; students who did have a computer at home spent 0.5 to 8hours. On average, all respondents spent 1.8 ± 1.3 hours daily online. Internet addiction was confirmed among 24 (10.3%) nursing, 7 (9.9%) midwifery, and 5(9.1%) medical rescue students. The abstinence syndrome was noted among 11 (4.7%) nursing, 7(9.9%) obstetrics, and 7 (12.7%) medical rescue students. Several students had both an Internet addiction and the abstinence syndrome. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction Internet medical student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article female human male Poland psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21697708 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21697708) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NCN.0b013e318224b34f COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 334 TITLE Beliefs and attitudes about prescribing opioids among healthcare providers seeking continuing medical education AUTHOR NAMES Hooten W.M. Bruce B.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hooten W.M.) Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States. (Hooten W.M.; Bruce B.K.) Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Kochester, MN, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.M. Hooten, Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States. SOURCE Journal of Opioid Management (2011) 7:6 (417-424). Date of Publication: November-December 2011 ISSN 1551-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Weston Medical Publishing, 470 Boston Post Road, Weston, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the beliefs and attitudes of healthcare providers about prescribing opioids for chronic pain. Setting: The setting was a continuing medical education conference that was specifically designed to deliver content about chronic pain and prescription opioids to providers without specialty expertise in pain medicine. Participants: Conference attendees with prescribing privileges were eligible to participate, including physicians, physician assistants, and advance practice nurses. Intervention: Study participants completed a questionnaire using an electronic response system. Main outcome measures: Study participants completed a validated questionnaire that u 'as specifically developed to measure the beliefs and attitudes of healthcare providers about prescribing opioids for chronic pain. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 128 healthcare providers. The majority (58 percent) indicated that they were "likely" to prescribe opioids for chronic pain. A significant proportion of respondents had favorable beliefs and attitudes toward improvements in pain (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001) attributed to prescribing opioids. However, a significant proportion had negative beliefs and attitudes about medication abuse (p < 0.001) and addiction (p < 0.001). Respondents also indicated that prescribing opioids could significantly increase the complexity of patient care and could unfavorably impact several administrative aspects of clinical practice. Conclusions: The beliefs and attitudes identified in this study highlight important educational gaps that exist among healthcare providers about prescribing opioids. Knowledge of these educational gaps could build the capacity of medical educators to develop targeted educational materials that could improve the opioid prescribing practices of healthcare providers. © 2011 Journal of Opioid Management, All Rights Reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain medical education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS advanced practice nurse article attitude clinical practice consensus development female health belief human male normal human opiate addiction patient care physician physician assistant prescription quality of life questionnaire CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2012051346 MEDLINE PMID 22320023 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22320023) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2011.0082 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 335 TITLE Safety and Risks of Nitrous Oxide Labor Analgesia: A Review AUTHOR NAMES Rooks J.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rooks J.P., jprooks1@comcast.net) American College of Nurse-Midwives, Maternity Center Association, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.P. Rooks, 2706 SW English Court, Portland, OR 97201, United States. Email: jprooks1@comcast.net SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2011) 56:6 (557-565). Date of Publication: November-December 2011 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd, Suite 1550, Silver Spring, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: This review of the safety and risks of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) labor analgesia presents results of a search for evidence of its effects on labor, the mother, the fetus, the neonate, breastfeeding, and maternal-infant bonding. Concerns about apoptotic damage to the brains of immature mammals exposed to high doses of N(2)O during late gestation, possible cardiovascular risks from hyperhomocysteinemia caused by N(2)O, a hypothesis that children exposed to N(2)O during birth are more likely to become addicted to amphetamine drugs as adults, and possible occupational risks for those who provide care to women using N(2)O/O(2) labor analgesia are discussed in detail. Methods: Research relevant to the 4 special concerns and to the effects of N(2)O analgesia on labor and the mother-child dyad were examined in depth. Three recent reviews of the biologic, toxicologic, anesthetic, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects of N(2)O; 3 reviews of the safety of 50% N(2)O/oxygen (O(2)) in providing analgesia in a variety of health care settings; and a 2002 systematic review of N(2)O/O(2) labor analgesia were used. Results: Nitrous oxide analgesia is safe for mothers, neonates, and those who care for women during childbirth if the N(2)O is delivered as a 50% blend with O(2), is self-administered, and good occupational hygiene is practiced. Because of the strong correlation between dose and harm from exposure to N(2)O, concerns based on effects of long exposure to high anesthetic-level doses of N(2)O have only tenuous, hypothetical pertinence to the safety of N(2)O/O(2) labor analgesia. Discussion: Nitrous oxide labor analgesia is safe for the mother, fetus, and neonate and can be made safe for caregivers. It is simple to administer, does not interfere with the release and function of endogenous oxytocin, and has no adverse effects on the normal physiology and progress of labor. © 2011 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nitrous oxide plus oxygen (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug dose, drug therapy, inhalational drug administration, pharmacokinetics) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cobalamin homocysteine methionine synthase narcotic analgesic agent oxygen pethidine (adverse drug reaction) remifentanil (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison) vitamin B group (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) obstetric analgesia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS allergic rhinitis (side effect) apnea (side effect) auditory tube dysfunction (side effect) brain death breast feeding education cardiovascular disease (side effect) cardiovascular risk consciousness disorder (side effect) cyanocobalamin deficiency (drug therapy) disease association dizziness (side effect) dosage schedule comparison drug blood level drug dependence drug effect drug elimination drug half life drug intermittent therapy drug safety human hyperhomocysteinemia hypoxia (side effect) intrapartum care labor pain (drug therapy) long term exposure mother child relation nausea and vomiting (side effect) neurotoxicity (side effect) nonhuman occupational exposure occupational hazard personal hygiene priority journal review risk assessment risk benefit analysis sedation side effect (side effect) sinusitis (side effect) upper respiratory tract infection (side effect) vomiting (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cobalamin (13408-78-1) homocysteine (454-28-4, 6027-13-0) methionine synthase (37290-90-7) nitrous oxide plus oxygen (54510-89-3) oxygen (7782-44-7) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) remifentanil (132539-07-2) vitamin B group (12001-76-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Anesthesiology (24) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011622682 MEDLINE PMID 22060215 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22060215) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00122.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 336 TITLE Impact of the implementation of an alcohol withdrawal guideline on patients with burn injuries. AUTHOR NAMES Coffey R. Kulisek J. Tanda R. Chipps E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Coffey R.) Burn Center, Ohio State University Health System, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. (Kulisek J.; Tanda R.; Chipps E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Coffey, Burn Center, Ohio State University Health System, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Email: rebecca.coffey@osumc.edu SOURCE Clinical nurse specialist CNS (2011) 25:6 (286-293). Date of Publication: 2011 Nov-Dec ISSN 1538-9782 (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of implementation of evidence-based alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) guideline using the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale--Revised scale on care and outcomes of burn patients with comorbid alcohol use and on physician and nurse documentation of alcohol screening, education, and referral. A retrospective medical record review of burn patients (n = 428) was completed. Data were collected on admissions 1 year before implementation of the alcohol withdrawal guideline and 1 year after implementation. Data collection included alcohol use, use of benzodiazepines, sitter use, restraint use, total body surface area, inhalation injury, previous alcohol withdrawal, length of stay, and physician and nurse documentation. A Midwestern academic medical center with an American Burn Association and the American College of Surgeons verified burn center. A multidisciplinary team developed evidence-based practice guidelines for the treatment of AWS. Treatment of AWS was evaluated before and after implementation of the new guidelines. Burn severity and inhalation injury were associated with patients at risk for alcohol abuse. There was no difference in the experience of alcohol withdrawal after guideline implementation. Documentation in the medical record of alcohol use, abuse, or previous withdrawal improved after implementation of the guideline. Screening and treatment of alcohol abuse in the burn patient are still less than ideal. Greater efforts should be directed at managing alcohol withdrawal. An advance practice nurse can make an important contribution. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) burn (epidemiology) practice guideline withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comorbidity evaluation study evidence based nursing female human male medical record middle aged nursing nursing methodology research retrospective study treatment outcome United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 22016016 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016016) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 337 TITLE Psychosocial problems in childhood and later alcohol consumption: a life course approach with historical information. AUTHOR NAMES Leino J. Kauhanen L. Hokkinen L. Kurl S. Toriola A.T. Voutilainen S. Lynch J.W. Kauhanen J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Leino J.) Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. (Kauhanen L.; Hokkinen L.; Kurl S.; Toriola A.T.; Voutilainen S.; Lynch J.W.; Kauhanen J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Leino, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Email: janne.leino@uef.fi SOURCE Scandinavian journal of public health (2011) 39:7 (749-756). Date of Publication: Nov 2011 ISSN 1651-1905 (electronic) ABSTRACT Childhood psychosocial problems have been associated with poor alcohol habits in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate further the association in men by using information from historical health records. As part of the epidemiological FinDrink Study, we examined the association between childhood psychosocial problems and total ethanol consumption, binge drinking, and abstinence in later life among Finnish men. The participants were a sample from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD), a population-based cohort study in eastern Finland. The data on childhood psychosocial factors were collected from health records (n = 952, 35.5% of the entire study sample), mainly from the 1930s to the 1950s. Questionnaire data on alcohol consumption were obtained from the baseline examinations of the KIHD cohort in 1984-1989. Controlling for age and examination year, the men who had been considered psychosocially disadvantaged by elementary school nurses had a 2.72-fold (95% confidence interval 1.30-5.65) risk of bingeing on fortified wine in later life. After adjustment for adulthood behavioural and socioeconomic factors the association (odds ratio 3.71, 95% confidence interval 1.56-8.84) appeared even stronger. Childhood psychosocial problems also contributed to abstinence, but did not appear to increase the total amount of ethanol consumed. Psychosocial problems observed in boys seem to contribute to different alcohol habits in later life. However, the factors eventually involved in the manifestation of problematic drinking patterns through the life course still require further research. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol (drug administration, drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior social problem socioeconomics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcoholism (etiology) article child cohort analysis Finland human male middle aged psychological aspect questionnaire risk factor CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21948991 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21948991) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 338 TITLE Unexpected lessons in unexpected places. AUTHOR NAMES Charney D.M. Campbell J.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Charney D.M.; Campbell J.B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Charney, SOURCE Journal of Christian nursing : a quarterly publication of Nurses Christian Fellowship (2011) 28:4 (226-227). Date of Publication: 2011 Oct-Dec ISSN 0743-2550 ABSTRACT A new graduate shares important lessons learned from attending Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, and Overeaters Anonymous meetings as a nursing student. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholics anonymous nursing education nursing student self help EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article human hyperphagia methodology nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21999087 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21999087) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 339 TITLE An interdisciplinary approach to reducing opioid analgesic misuse in patients with chronic noncancer pain in the primary care setting AUTHOR NAMES Matthews M.L. Jamison R.N. Ross E. Scanlan E.M. Tishler L.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Matthews M.L.) Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, United States. (Jamison R.N.; Ross E.; Scanlan E.M.) Brigham and Women's Hospital, Pain Management Center, Chestnut Hill, United States. (Tishler L.W.) Brigham and Women's Hospital, Phyllis Jen Center for Primary Care, Boston, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.L. Matthews, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (405e-406e). Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy CONFERENCE LOCATION Pittsburgh, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Many health care professionals are reluctant to support the use of opioid analgesics for patients with chronic noncancer pain because of concerns regarding adverse effects, lack of efficacy, tolerance, and addiction. Within the past ten years the prescription of opioids for the treatment of chronic pain has increased exponentially, primarily for noncancer pain, and the abuse of such medications is receiving increasing notice. Chronic pain patients who show aberrant drug-related behavior are often dismissed from a primary care practice when they are nonadherent with opioid therapy, instead of being offered interventions to reduce misuse and to improve adherence. Unfortunately, there are few treatment resources for such patients. Through the implementation of an interdisciplinary approach to chronic pain management, we are seeking to remedy that deficit, with the goal of reducing the rate of prescription opioid misuse among those patients on or who are being considered for opioid therapy within the primary care setting. METHODS: An interdisciplinary team of pain specialists consisting of a physician, clinical pharmacist, psychologist, nurse practitioner, and psychiatrist will work closely with primary care physicians to implement the following services and programs: direct clinical support through a weekly pharmacist-directed chronic pain management clinic embedded within the primary care center to provide recommendations for therapy and ensure adherence to an institution-wide opioid use policy; use of an electronic software program that conducts computerized 'live' interviews of patients and offers a provider report with a summarized pain assessment; psychiatry consult service to manage opioid abuse/addiction issues; and monthly provider educational sessions on pain assessment and management to promote proper patient selection and risk assessment. RESULTS: This approach to the use of opioid analgesics will help to improve adherence and reduce misuse within the primary care setting. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy college human pain patient primary medical care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse addiction adverse drug reaction analgesia chronic pain computer program drug therapy general practitioner health care personnel hospital interview medical specialist nurse practitioner pain assessment patient selection pharmacist physician policy prescription psychiatrist psychiatry psychologist risk assessment therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 340 TITLE Do emergency physicians know street drug slang? AUTHOR NAMES Burns B. Stallard T. Snell J. Morgan D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Burns B.; Stallard T.; Snell J.; Morgan D.) University of Oklahoma, School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, United States. (Burns B.; Stallard T.; Snell J.; Morgan D.) Texas A and M Health Science Center, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, TX, Temple, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Burns, University of Oklahoma, School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, United States. SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2011) 58:4 SUPPL. 1 (S215-S216). Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2011 Research Forum CONFERENCE LOCATION San Francisco, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-15 to 2011-10-16 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction: People with illicit substance abuse problems are frequent patients in emergency departments. Generally, these patients are only familiar with the “street slang” terms of abused substances. This terminology is usually not familiar to many emergency department (ED) professionals resulting in significant communication and treatment failures. However, knowledge of street slang by physician specialtyhas not been studied and the actual educational needs in this area are not known. Study Objective: To measure and compare knowledge of street drug terminology among groups of health care providers. Methods: A 25-question test on street drug slang given to attending physicians, residents, and medical students. The residents were in 2 emergency medicine residency programs in contiguous states. As controls, the test was also given to non-emergency medicine attending physicians, non-EM residents, fourth-year medical students at 2 medical schools, emergency medicine attending staff at the 2 programs, pharmacists, and ED nurses. The emergency medicine attendings were compared to the other groups using 95% confidence limits and the Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Results: There were 65 attending physicians (17 emergency medicine and 48 non-EM physicians), 67 residents (34 emergency medicine residents and 31 non-EM residents), 24 medical students, 7 pharmacists, and 17 nurses who participated. Each group had a mean score of less than 10 correct answers (40% correct) with a range from 1 to 19 correct. emergency medicine attending physicians had a mean score of 9.9 (SD = 3.8), emergency medicine residents scored 8.8 (Standard Deviation =3.9), non-EM physicians scored 5.4 (SD= 3.2), non-EM residents with 5.1 (SD = 2.2), nurses with 4.8 (SD = 2.3), medical students with 6.63 (SD= 2.7) and the pharmacists scored 8.0 (SD = 4.7). When compared to the other groups, the emergency medicine residents had a difference with emergency medicine attending of -1.2 (95% CI: -3.5 to 1.2), pharmacists 0.8 (95% CI: -2.8 to 4.4), medical students 2.1 (95% CI: 0.3 to 4.0), non-EM residents 3.6 (95% CI: 2.0 to 5.2), and ED nurses 4.0 (95% CI: 1.9 to 6.0). Only the comparison to medical students (p = .033), non-EM residents (p<.001), and nurses (p<.001) were statistically significant. Conclusions: All groups performed poorly on the test. Although the emergency medicine attendings performed better than all groups, there are major knowledge deficiencies in this area which may be significant barriers to excellent Emergency care. Emergency medicine residencies and continuing medical education activities need to focus on this potential language and knowledge gap between health care providers and the population they treat. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college emergency physician human EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS emergency care emergency medicine emergency ward health care personnel interpersonal communication language medical education medical school medical student nurse patient pharmacist physician population rank sum test substance abuse treatment failure LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.06.140 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 341 TITLE Impact of a pharmacist sedation program on the medical and surgical mechanically ventilated patient population in a level II trauma center AUTHOR NAMES Lederhouse L. Bobek M.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lederhouse L.; Bobek M.B.) New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Lederhouse, New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (326e). Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy CONFERENCE LOCATION Pittsburgh, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Determine the impact of a pharmacist monitoring sedation program in the mechanically ventilated patient population in a community hospital setting. METHODS: This retrospective/prospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. The included population was any medical or general surgical mechanically ventilated patient receiving continuous sedatives and/or analgesics. Excluded from this study were neurosurgery patients, patients on neuromuscular blockers, and those with active seizures, withdrawal symptoms, evidence of increased intracranial hemorrhage, or profound neurological deficits. The primary outcome was length of mechanical ventilation time. Secondary outcomes included total doses of analgesics/sedatives, documentation of the daily wake up assessment, length of ICU stay, and adverse effects. In the retrospective study, data was collected on 50 patients admitted during the months of January and February 2010, which served as the control group. In the prospective study, ICU nurses received an in-service on daily wake up assessments by the pharmacist and also completed an online training module. The pharmacist then ensured wake up assessments were performed daily and made recommendations regarding appropriate sedatives and analgesics. The results of the prospective study were compared with the retrospective study for the primary outcome. RESULTS: The average length of mechanical ventilation was reduced from 138.45 hours to 113.0 hours (P=0.6675). Improvements in secondary outcomes were seen, including amount of wake up assessments performed correctly increased from 12.5% to 67.8% (P<0.001) and death rate (14% vs. 36%, P=0.0111). CONCLUSION: While the decrease in mechanical ventilation time was not statistically significant, there was an improvement in secondary outcomes, including the amount of wake up assessments performed correctly and death rate. As a result of the study, the nursing documentation system was updated to provide further guidance on the wake up assessment. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent neuromuscular blocking agent sedative agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy college emergency health service human pharmacist population sedation ventilated patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction artificial ventilation brain hemorrhage community hospital control group documentation institutional review monitoring mortality neurosurgery nurse nursing patient prospective study retrospective study seizure withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 342 TITLE Transformative learning through a research practicum for undergraduate nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Kirkpatrick H. Tweedell D. Semogas D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kirkpatrick H., hkirkpat@stjoes.ca) St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada. (Tweedell D.) McMaster University School of Nursing, Hamilton, ON, Canada. (Semogas D.) Claremont House Wesley Urban Ministries, Hamilton, ON, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Kirkpatrick, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, McMaster University School of Nursing, West 5th Campus, BF-88, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada. Email: hkirkpat@stjoes.ca SOURCE Journal of Nursing Education (2011) 50:10 (595-598). Date of Publication: October 2011 ISSN 0148-4834 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT In their final year of a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) program, students are required to take a research practicum related to clinical practice in a new or ongoing research project, supervised by nursing faculty. This course is designed to enhance students' understanding of the research process. The student's potential role as a research collaborator is emphasized. Involvement in an interdisciplinary narrative study with formerly homeless individuals challenged by severe alcohol dependence, in general poor health and living in a harm reduction environment, transformed students' values, assumptions, and beliefs. Not only did students gain confidence in their beginning skills as potential research collaborators, but they also felt that their future practice would be enhanced by new perspectives gained by studying a marginalized and stigmatized group, thus enabling them to appreciate cultural diversity and improve their competence. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) homelessness nursing education nursing research verbal communication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada education human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21751762 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21751762) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20110715-03 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 343 TITLE Health-care provider characteristics affecting perceptions of pain and pain management in the intensive care units: A pilot study AUTHOR NAMES Gupte C. Raju P. Jackson J. Studer S. La Rosa J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gupte C.; Raju P.; Jackson J.; Studer S.; La Rosa J.) Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Gupte, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, United States. SOURCE Chest (2011) 140:4 MEETING ABSTRACT. Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME CHEST 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Honolulu, HI, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-22 to 2011-10-26 ISSN 0012-3692 BOOK PUBLISHER American College of Chest Physicians ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Research has shown that adequate treatment for painful disorders reduces suffering, length of hospital stay and healthcare costs. Although there is extensive literature regarding patients' experience and reporting of pain, there is little information on the relationship between the personal and professional characteristics of healthcare providers and their perceptions of pain and pain management. We conducted a pilot study of our Intensive Care Unit(ICU) healthcare staff's perceptions of pain and pain management. METHODS: This study was initiated in a 670 bed teaching hospital. We collected demographics and assessed such perceptions utilizing a 16-item selfadministered, anonymous questionnaire. Surveys were delivered to 84 providers, including nurses, internal medicine residents, critical care attending and fellow physicians. The ICU types included medical ICU, Cardio-thoracic ICU, and Cardiac Care Unit. Survey questions were grouped into 5 categories: perceptions regarding addiction, impact on hemodynamic stability, legal issues, patients' expression of pain, and training/education. We hypothesized that considerable differences in perceptions of pain and pain management would be associated with demographics, training and clinical experience. RESULTS: All 84 providers approached for this study completed and returned the questionnaire. Regression analyses indicated that the demographic variables significantly predicted perceptions of hemodynamic stability (p=.020), patient expression of pain (p=.041), and training/education (p=.032). Furthermore, these demographic variables accounted for a significant proportion of the variance: hemodynamic stability (60%), patient expression of pain (56%), and training/education (56%). Country of birth, race, ethnicity, and religion significantly predicted perceptions of addiction (p=.048) and accounted for 16% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results of the study suggest that demographic characteristics particularly, country of birth, race, ethnicity and religion, may predict healthcare providers' perceptions of pain and pain management. A larger study sample is required and ongoing to confirm these findings. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This investigation suggests that healthcare workers' demographic characteristics may have a strong impact on how they interpret and treat patients' pain. Results of this and future studies could have strong implications for identifying these variations in and optimizing approaches to pain management. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia health care personnel intensive care unit pain pilot study EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction demography diseases ethnicity health care health care cost hospitalization human intensive care internal medicine nurse patient physician questionnaire regression analysis religion teaching hospital LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1117059 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 344 TITLE Evaluation of medication reconciliation for inpatients with uncontrolled diabetes: Preimplementation study AUTHOR NAMES Hope C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hope C.A.) Norwegian American Hospital, Chicago, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.A. Hope, Norwegian American Hospital, Chicago, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (387e). Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy CONFERENCE LOCATION Pittsburgh, PA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate accuracy of medication reconciliation of the diabetic regimens of patient admitted to adult medical-surgical nursing units. To identify drug-related problems associated with the regimen and potential for advancing patient's therapeutic regimen to goal (for example: titrating to max doses of oral therapy and/or initiating home insulin regimen). METHODS: A retrospective chart review over a three month period was performed. Adult patients admitted to a medical-surgical nursing with a documented Hemoglobin A1C > 9 were classified as having uncontrolled diabetes and charts were selected for review. Admission Medication Reconciliation forms were reviewed and patient's home diabetes therapeutic regimens were documented and reviewed for potential drug related problems and opportunities to adjust their therapeutic regimen to achieve target A1C levels. Data collected from this study will be used as baseline data prior to implementation of a multi-disciplinary Diabetes Care Team. RESULTS: A total of 34 medical charts were reviewed. Three (3) charts did not have discharge medication reconciliation forms and could not be utilized. Twenty-six (26) % (8/31) of the patient diabetes regimens reviewed revealed that there was no change in their regimen while admitted as an inpatient. Twelve (39%) did reveal a change in the patients drug regimen; such changes included increasing the insulin dosages or changing from a mixed-insulin to a basal-bolus insulin regimen. A little over 1/3 of the patients did not know their diabetes medication regimen or did had no medications documented on their medication reconciliation form. The average A1C of the study group was 11.3 (9.3-14). CONCLUSION: There are several opportunities for clinical pharmacist to get involved to improve patient outcomes for this patient population. There were two that could have the most impact on improving quality of care include: 1) Participating in obtaining medication histories for these patients on admission. 2) Providing therapeutic recommendations to physicians to advance drug therapy to maximize A1C lowering. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hemoglobin insulin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy college diabetes mellitus hospital patient medication therapy management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult drug therapy human medical record review nursing unit patient pharmacist physician population surgical nursing therapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 345 TITLE Drug-related problems in hospitalised children in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia AUTHOR NAMES Rashed A.N. Neubert A. Tomlin S. Jackman J. Alhamdan H. Shaikh A. Attar A. Aseeri M. Wong I.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rashed A.N.; Neubert A.; Wong I.C.) Centre for Paediatric Pharmacy Research, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, United Kingdom. (Neubert A.) Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. (Tomlin S.; Jackman J.) Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Alhamdan H.; Shaikh A.; Attar A.; Aseeri M.) Kind Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Jeddah, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. (Wong I.C.) Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.N. Rashed, Centre for Paediatric Pharmacy Research, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, United Kingdom. SOURCE Drug Safety (2011) 34:10 (983). Date of Publication: October 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 11th ISoP Annual Meeting 'Next Stop: Istanbul - Bridging the Continents!' CONFERENCE LOCATION Istanbul, Turkey CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-26 to 2011-10-28 ISSN 0114-5916 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer International Publishing ABSTRACT Background: Drug-related problem (DRP) is “an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with the desired health outcome”. The extent and characteristics of DRPs in children in the UK and Saudi Arabia (KSA) is unknown. Aim: Our aim was to identify the incidence and characteristics of DRPs in children attending A&E/admitted to a hospital in the two countries. Methods: A prospective cohort study in children aged 0-18 years admitted to the medical ward, paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or attending A&E during a threemonth period in two hospitals were carried out. Data were collected on a form adapted from the Pharmaceutical Care Network in Europe (PCNE) DRP-Registration Form V5.01. Patients' charts, medical records and laboratory data were reviewed daily to identify DRPs; their preventability and severity were assessed. Results: 990 children [median 3 years, IQR; 10 months - 8 years, 58.6% male] were included. 388 patients suffered from 546 DRPs. Overall DRP incidence was 39.2% (95% CI, 36.1, 42.3) being higher in KSA than in the UK (44.8% vs 33.3%, p< 0.001). Incidence was found to be highest in PICU (59.7%; 95% CI, 47.0, 71.5). Dosing problems were the most frequently reportedDRPs (n= 303, 55.5%), followed by drug choice problems (n = 91, 16.7%). 80.0% of DRP cases were preventable; 71.4% (n = 390) DRPs were assessed as minor and 27.8%(n = 152) as moderate. 295 (54.0%) were totally resolved, of which 220 (74.6%) were resolved by pharmacists. Conclusions: DRPs are a significant problem in the paediatric population in the UK and KSA, the majority of which are preventable. Increased focus on paediatric pharmacology and pharmacotherapy within paediatric medical and nursing education is an important step in improving prescribing practices. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospitalized child human Saudi Arabia Turkey (republic) United Kingdom EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child cohort analysis drug choice drug therapy Europe health hospital intensive care unit laboratory male medical record newborn intensive care nursing education patient pharmaceutical care pharmacist pharmacology population registration ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 346 TITLE The anemia of elderly in the twenty-first century AUTHOR NAMES Cappellini M.D. Motta I. Migone D.E. Amicis M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cappellini M.D.; Motta I.; Migone D.E.; Amicis M.) Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Policlinico, Università di Milano, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Cappellini, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda Policlinico, Università di Milano, Italy. SOURCE Haematologica (2011) 96 SUPPL. 3 (223-224). Date of Publication: 1 Oct 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 43 Congress of the Italian Society of Hematology CONFERENCE LOCATION Napoli, Italy CONFERENCE DATE 2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19 ISSN 0390-6078 BOOK PUBLISHER Ferrata Storti Foundation ABSTRACT The number of elderly individuals is expected to increase significantly in the XXI century all over the world. The Italian population is getting older with a rate among the highest in Europe. In Italy the hope of living is minimum 75 years for men and 81.3 years for women (in 1950 these figures were 57 and 62). In 2025 there will be 6.9 millions of young people (under 20) and 17.7 millions of elderly people over 65; fifthy years back it was the opposite (Source: ISTAT 2010).Generally speaking by 2050 the number of people in EU aged 65 and above is expected to grow by 70% and the number of people aged over 80 by 170%. This raises important challenges for the 21st century: meet the higher demand for healthcare; adapt health system to the needs of an ageing population while keeping them substainable in societies with smaller workforce. One of the key challenge for EU is to promote healthy and active ageing for European citizens (EIPAHA: European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, July 2011) Anemia of any degree is recognized as a significant independent contributor to morbidity, mortality and frailty in elderly patients1. The incidence of anemia in men and women older than 65 years was reported 11% and 10% respectively from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES III).The study highlighted that even when “mild” anemia is present, it either causes and/or is associated with both significant functional impairment and, perhaps, increased patient mortality2. Although the prevalence of anemia (using the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of anemia) is greater in women than men before the age of 75 yrs, by age 75 the prevalence is similar in both sexes even higher in men. Furthermore the NHANES III showed a significant difference in the prevalence of anemia among ethnic groups, with elderly non-Hispanic black having a prevalence of anemia of 27.8% versus 9% in elderly non-Hispanic white2. These observations prompted Beutler and West3 in 2005 to re-evaluate the stated normal range for hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume in African-American individuals. Moreover the prevalence of anemia varies quite significantly according to the settings where elderly persons live and are cared. (Table 1). Several studies have shown decreased physical performance and strength in elderly anemic patients. To remain in Italy, the in CHIANTI study conducted in the Chianti areas, found a significant reduced knee extensor and hand grip strength among anemic residents compared with their non-anemic peers aged 65 to 102 4 Anemia in the elderly: Causes Although anemia has often been considered a normal consequence of aging due to impaired erythropoietin (EPO) responsiveness of the hemopoietic stem cell, three major causes have been recognized for anemia in elderly:1) blood loss/nutritional deficiences, 2) chronic illness/inflammation or chronic renal failure and 3) unexplained anemias. The 3 causes are nearly equal in frequency. 1. Among the nutritional deficiences, Vit B12 deficency is common in elderly but only rarely causes megaloblastic anemia. Low levels of B12 occur in 10% to 15% of the elderly but it is estimated that only 1%-2% of the elderly are anemic due to vitamin B12 deficiency. Folate deficiency varies in different populations and settings: elderly residents in nursing homes often receive nutritional supplements, thus megaloblastic anemias due to folate deficiency appear to be rare: when they occur are often related to alcohol abuse. Iron deficiency anemia of different origin mainly nutritional is frequent in petients over 75. 2. The high frequency of chronic comorbidities in elderly patients (Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, renal insufficiency, cancer ecc) responsible for a chronic proinflammatory state, contributes to the pathophysiology of one-third of anemias in subjects over 65. The inflammatory response in the elderly is often aberrant, prolonged, even after the initial inflammatory stimuli have resolved. There is strong evidence that many markers of inflammation, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-6 are increased in the elderly population, regardless the health status5. Recently, the pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation most commonly seen in chronic diseases has been elucidated by the discovery of hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism. Hepcidin inhibits intestinal iron absorption and blocks the release of iron from macrophages. Hepcidin is an acute phase reactant potentially induced by IL-6 and it is partially responsible for the iron-limited erythropoiesis in patients with acute and chronic inflammatory status.6 A recent analysis of a subgroup of participants in the inCHIANTI study, surprisingly showed no association between hepcidin levels and anemia in elderly although IL-6 and Creactive protein were elevated. This observation do supports a recent hypothesis that anemia especially in elderly may be mediated through hepcidin-indipendent proinflammatory pathways such as TNFalpha7. 3. Approximately 34% of anemia in elderly patients is “unexplained” and its pathophisyology is still poorly understood. The diagnosis is mainly by exclusion. Vanasse7 postulate that overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines is an important determinant of unexplained anemia in elderly patients, and that they induce anemia by suppression of erythroid colony formation on one hand and impairment of iron utilization on the other. It has been shown that EPO production increases with age in healthy, non-anemic elderly as compensatory mechanism to maintain normal erythrocyte production. The sensing mechanism hypoxia/erythropoietin may become deficient with age requiring higher levels of EPO in elderly. Patients with anemia had a lower slope of rise, suggesting that anemia reflected a failure of a normal compensatory rise in EPO levels with age. Stem cell physiology also changes with age. The bone marrow cellularity declines with age and whether this is due predominantly to an absolute decrease in stem cells and/or altered stem cell functional characteristics remains to be determined8. Furthermore it is well known that myelodysplasia (MDS) increases with age, thus occult MDS may be an important cause of “unexplained” anemias in the elderly. Other additional factors deserve to be taken into account when considering unexplained anemia in advanced age such as changes in estrogen or testosterone levels, propensity for polypharmaceutical usage, alcohol abuse, careful enumeration of all significant medical conditions that may contribute to development of anemia. Anemia in the elderly: population based study Tettamanti et al. recently conducted a population-based observational study of all elderly resident in the municipality of Biella a town with a population of about 46,000 inhabitants. The study was specifically aimed at investigating the epidemiology of mild anemia in an unselected population of elderly. Findings from this large survey indicate that more than one out of ten elderly persons are anemic and that most of the cases are of mild grade. The prevalence of mild anemia steadly increase with increasing age, affecting more than two out of ten people over 80 years old.9 The prevalence of anemia was 13.2% overall, 12,6% in women and 14.1% in men, similar to that reported in other population-based study. In subjects over 85 years the prevalence reached 31.3%. According to recent estimates, the worldwide prevalence of anemia is 23.9%. Few data are available on mild anemia. In the Tettamanti study, mild grade anemia accounted for approximately 84% of the cases: the majority of the subjects were unaware of being anemic. This confirms that mild anemia in the elderly is often undiagnosed or disregarded leading progressively to moderatesevere anemias that could compromise the subject health status. Anemia among hospitalized elderly In a prospective evaluation of 276 patients admitted in a period of 6 months to an Internal Medicine Unit, it was shown that 78% were over 65, and among those 48% were anemic although anemia was not the cause of admission (personal data).Patients admitted with onco-hemalogical conditions were excluded. The anemia was mild (10.1 + 1.4 g/dl) and in 36% of the cases was due to nutritional deficiency (iron deficiency without loss, or Vit B12). In 10% of the patients a combined iron, Vit.B12 and folic acid deficiency was observed. 27% of the anemic patients had anemia associated to chronic diseases and/or inflammation and for the remaining 27% the anemia remained “unexplained”. The presence of anemia impacted significantly on the length of hospitalization. (Fig 1). These data, although in a selected population reflects the prevalence reported in several studies. Conclusions Anemia is a significant problem in elderly patients, it affects some 164 million elderly people worldwide, representing a public health problem. Although many anemic elderly can be diagnosed with nutritional deficiency, the etiology of anemia in a significant fraction remains obscure. A better understanding of the causes of haemoglobin decline with age and ,in particular of unexplained anemia, should provide critical pathophysiological entry points, and would represent an important progress for effective strategies of anemia control that will improve survival and quality of life in the aging population. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acute phase protein C reactive protein cyanocobalamin cytokine erythropoietin estrogen hemoglobin hepcidin interleukin 6 iron marker testosterone tumor necrosis factor alpha vitamin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aged anemia hematology human society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS African American aging alcohol abuse blood bone marrow cardiac resynchronization therapy device cardiovascular disease cell function chronic disease chronic kidney failure city colony formation diabetes mellitus diagnosis epidemiology erythropoiesis ethnic group etiology Europe Even (people) examination female folic acid deficiency functional disease grip strength hand grip health health care health status hematocrit hematopoietic stem cell Hispanic hope hospitalization hypothesis inflammation internal medicine iron absorption iron deficiency iron deficiency anemia iron metabolism Italy kidney failure knee macrophage male mean corpuscular volume megaloblastic anemia morbidity mortality myelodysplastic syndrome neoplasm nursing home nutrition nutritional deficiency observational study organization pathophysiology patient physical performance population prevalence public health public health problem quality of life speech stem cell stimulus survival world health organization X ray bone densitometer LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 347 TITLE Factors associated with alcoholic behaviour in university nurse students AUTHOR NAMES Nakhli J. Hassini R. Ben Nasr S. Ben Hadj Ali B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nakhli J.; Hassini R.; Ben Nasr S.; Ben Hadj Ali B.) Farhat Hached University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Sousse, Tunisia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Nakhli, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Sousse, Tunisia. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 21 SUPPL. 3 (S566). Date of Publication: September 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 24th Congress of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2011-09-03 to 2011-09-07 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background: Alcoholic behavior is common among young students, with the prevalence of alcohol consumption in university young students reported to be between 50% and 80% [1,2,3]. This behaviour leads to university fall-out, depression and suicide. Studies of alcohol behavior in students in Arabic countries, especially in Tunisia, are rare. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption in university nurse students in Sousse (Tunisia) and to evaluate factors associated with alcoholic behavior. Methodology: This was a longitudinal study held in the nurse institute in Sousse (Tunisia), between February and April 2010. 266 university students participated in this study (participation rate 88.7%). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this group were investigated, and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was applied. AUDIT, an instrument frequently used in international studies, evaluates alcohol behavior in the last 12 months. Subjects with an AUDIT score above 13 are alcohol dependent. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 10.0. Results: The group mean age was 21.2±1.5 years; gender ratio (male/female) was 1.33. The majority of students were single (97%), and 71.4% lived with their families. Psychiatric and medical family history was found, respectively, in 3.4% and 4.9% of subjects. 2.3% and 4.5% of students had a history of depressive and anxiety disorders. The mean AUDIT score was 3.5±2.7. 70% of students had no alcohol consumption in the last 12 months, 18% drank alcohol at least once a month, and 11.7% were alcohol dependent. Associated factors statistically correlated with high alcohol consumption were age (r = 0.13; p = 0.026), male gender (p < 10(-3)), university repeating (p = 0.029) and history of personal depressive disorders (p < 10(-3)). Conclusion: 30% of university nurse students had alcohol consumption in the last 12 months. A third of them have alcohol dependence. Factors associated with high alcohol consumption were age, male gender, university repeating and a history of personal depressive disorders. These factors must be taken into consideration in screening alcoholic behavior. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism college nursing student psychopharmacology university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption anxiety disorder depression fallout family history gender longitudinal study male methodology nurse prevalence screening statistical analysis student suicide Tunisia university student LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(11)70924-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 348 TITLE Treatment adherence in schizophrenia using risperidone long-acting injectable: As early as possible, as long as possible AUTHOR NAMES Viala A. Boulicot V. Merlot A. Pinede D. Vacheron M.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Viala A.; Boulicot V.; Merlot A.; Pinede D.; Vacheron M.N.) Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris Cedex 14, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Viala, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris Cedex 14, France. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 21 SUPPL. 3 (S516-S517). Date of Publication: September 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 24th Congress of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2011-09-03 to 2011-09-07 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Introduction: Relapses and rehospitalisations, but also cognitive symptoms, social, familial and professional desinsertion, worsen the prognosis of patients with schizophrenia. Treatment with long-acting antipsychotics, which encourage adherence, can avoid the risk of interruption of treatment, which is the main cause of relapse and rehospitalisation. This type of treatment, used as early as possible, and as long as possible, could improve the long-term prognosis. Method: The evaluation was carried out within the framework of a naturalistic study of 120 patients treated with Risperidone RLAI (Risperidone Long Acting Injectable) which was currently the only atypical long-acting injectable antipsychotic available at that time in France, associated with rehabilitation methods and followed for at least 18 months: 25 patients were hospitalised for the first time (and therefore younger in age and illness duration), 19 were treated without discontinuation for more than 5 years. The aim of our study is to investigate the evolution of the illness, notably the number and duration of rehospitalisations, but also the possibility of familial and socio-professional reintegration. Clinical observation was assessed using Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) representative of clinical improvement, and Global Assessment of Functionning (GAF) representative of functional improvement, whose results are statistically significant. Results: Among the 25 schizophrenic patients hospitalised for the first time (14 men, 11 women; mean age 30.08±7.54 years; duration of illness 6.84±5.45 years; diagnosis: essentially paranoid schizophrenia) treated for the first time with Risperidone RLAI, only 4 of them relapsed, and only once; 19 could live in their own home, 11 could restart work and 3 could restart studies. Treating as early as possible, from the first episode if possible, can reduce relapse, and number and duration of hospitalisation (and therefore direct and indirect cost), but also cognitive symptoms, illness worsening and suicide attempts, and thus improve the prognosis. Among the 19 schizophrenic patients treated without discontinuation for at least 5 years (15 men, 4 women; mean age 36.8±6.6 years; duration of illness 11.14±9.18 years; diagnosis: essentially paranoid schizophrenia, 7 of them suffered of addictions) the number and duration of rehospitalisation decreased (mean duration 12 days instead of 29 days); most of them could live independently, improved their quality of life and possibility of familial, social and professional reinsertion. Treating as long as possible (maintenance treatment adapted for each patient) can provide for faster and longer lasting recovery, reduce recurrence of the symptomatology, and prevent sequelae. Conclusion: Initial therapeutic treatment should be maintained in the long-term treatment of schizophrenia, using interactive, interdisciplinary follow-up, corresponding with psychosocial biological continuum, in order to progress from compliance to adherence: speaking with family and caregivers, information about the illness and its treatment, psychoeducation, bimonthly injection combined with nurse and psychiatrist assessment, telephone call and home visit when patient is late, reintegration program (housing, work, studies) may improve adherence and outcomes in these patients. An additional pertinent function is motivational enhancement fostering compliance and active participation in schizophrenia treatment plans for both patients and caregivers. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) risperidone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college psychopharmacology schizophrenia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction caregiver Clinical Global Impression scale clinical observation cognition diagnosis female follow up France general aspects of disease housing human injection long term care maintenance therapy male nurse paranoid schizophrenia patient professional practice prognosis psychiatrist psychoeducation quality of life rehabilitation relapse risk speech suicide attempt symptomatology telephone LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(11)70840-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 349 TITLE Crisis intervention: A retrospective study of 493 patients AUTHOR NAMES Sentissi O. Bartolomei J. Baeriswyl-Cottin R. Neu D. Rey-Bellet P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sentissi O.; Bartolomei J.; Baeriswyl-Cottin R.; Rey-Bellet P.) University of Geneva Hospital, Psychiatrie g éné rale, Geneva, Switzerland. (Neu D.) Free University of Brussels, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Sentissi, University of Geneva Hospital, Psychiatrie g éné rale, Geneva, Switzerland. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 21 SUPPL. 3 (S617-S618). Date of Publication: September 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 24th Congress of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2011-09-03 to 2011-09-07 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Background: Brief therapy centers (BTCs) are ambulatory mental health units based on an open psychodynamic model of crisis setting [1]. One of their main purposes is to provide mentally ill patients with a viable alternative to hospitalization. These centers can provide unstable patients with 24-hour crisis interventions; they use a multidimensional approach based on individual and familial psychotherapeutic interventions and can provide pharmacological treatments and structured social settings as well as temporary accommodation (1 to 7 nights). BTCs should be easy to access and were conceptualized to provide therapeutic services in less than 24 hours. The typical length of a crisis intervention program is 4 to 6 weeks and does not include any home intervention. Method: We conducted a pilot study with a retrospective design of 493 patients admitted to a BTC in Geneva during 2006 in order to identify clinical and demographic variables. Results: Among the 493 patients, only 65.5% of them were admitted to the crisis intervention program, while 25.5% received nurse support without medical intervention and spent one or more nights in the center. 9% did not accept any care. These two groups are described in a previously published article [2]. The 323 patients who were admitted to the crisis intervention program, 163 patients were admitted a single time, while the remaining 160 were readmitted at least twice in the BTC. We did not find differences in age or sex ratio between these 2 groups or differences in the number of days of treatment. However, we did identify significant differences in their marital status: 55.8% of single admission patients were married, whereas 43.8% of revolving door patients were married (F((1,321)) = 5.8; P < 0.05). Moreover, compared to patients who relapsed, single admission patients had a higher socio-educational level (20.2% vs. 10.6%, respectively) and more stable working conditions (44.8% vs. 30.6%, respectively); P < 0.05. We found that the majority of single admission patients treated in the crisis intervention program in 2006 suffered from unipolar affective disorder that was sometimes associated with a significant impact on social function (72.4%), while the diagnosis of bipolar disorders and borderline personality disorders was significantly more common in the group of recurrent patients (19.4%, 24.4% vs. 9.2%, 9.8% respectively for the group admitted once; P < 0.01). Diagnoses of anxiety disorders or addictions were comparable in both populations. Only 5.9% of the whole population had been hospitalized from the BTC, with no difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The present study supports the development of ambulatory mental health services. These services introduce the most effective interventions to the appropriate populations despite revolving door admission. Our findings must be considered to be preliminary results and require confirmation by prospective and controlled studies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college crisis intervention human patient psychopharmacology retrospective study EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accommodation addiction anxiety disorder bipolar disorder borderline state controlled study diagnosis drug therapy hospitalization marriage mental disease mental health center mental health service model mood disorder night nurse pilot study population sex ratio social status therapy work environment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(11)71010-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 350 TITLE Hepatitis C virus infection in USA: An estimate of true prevalence AUTHOR NAMES Chak E. Talal A.H. Sherman K.E. Schiff E.R. Saab S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chak E.) Department of Medicine, UCLA-Olive View Medical Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Sylmar, CA, United States. (Talal A.H.) Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States. (Sherman K.E.) Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States. (Schiff E.R.) Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States. (Saab S., ssaab@mednet.ucla.edu) Department of Medicine and Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Saab, UCLA Pfleger Liver Institute, 200 Medical Plaza, Suite 214, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. Email: ssaab@mednet.ucla.edu SOURCE Liver International (2011) 31:8 (1090-1101). Date of Publication: September 2011 ISSN 1478-3223 1478-3231 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) sampled only the civilian, non-institutionalized population of USA and may have underestimated the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in this country. We searched the database MEDLINE, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Center for Medicare and Medicaid and individual states Department of Corrections for all epidemiological studies regarding the prevalence of HCV in populations not sampled by the NHANES survey namely the incarcerated, homeless, nursing home residents, hospitalized and those on active military duty. Because of their relatively low frequency in the NHANES sample, we also expanded our search to include healthcare workers and long-term dialysis patients. Although included in the NHANES sample, we also performed searches on drug users (injection and non-injection) and veterans to confirm the findings of the NHANES study. Based on the prevalence of studies identified meeting our inclusion criteria, our most conservative estimates state that there at least 142761 homeless persons, 372754 incarcerated persons and 6805 persons on active military duty unaccounted for in the NHANES survey. While the NHANES estimates of drug users (both injection and non-injection) appear to be reasonable, the survey seems to have underestimated the number of HCV-positive veterans. Our most conservative estimates suggest that there are at least 5.2 million persons living with HCV in USA today, approximately 1.9 million of whom were unaccounted for in the NHANES survey. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hepatitis C (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health care personnel health survey hemodialysis hemophilia Hepatitis C virus high risk population homelessness hospitalization human intravenous drug abuse medicaid medicare Medline nursing home personnel prison recipient review seroprevalence systematic review United States veteran virus transmission EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011434242 MEDLINE PMID 21745274 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21745274) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02494.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 351 TITLE Optimization of pharmacological prescription in Benquerencia nursing home, Toledo (Spain) AUTHOR NAMES Cruz Santaella A.M. Rodriguez Jimenez E. Cifuentes Caceres R. Diez R. Martinez Camacho M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cruz Santaella A.M.; Rodriguez Jimenez E.; Cifuentes Caceres R.; Diez R.; Martinez Camacho M.) Toledo, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.M. Cruz Santaella, Toledo, Spain. SOURCE European Geriatric Medicine (2011) 2 SUPPL. 1 (S170). Date of Publication: September 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 7th Congress of the EUGMS CONFERENCE LOCATION Malaga, Spain CONFERENCE DATE 2011-09-28 to 2011-09-30 ISSN 1878-7649 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Introduction.- The intervention is being carried out in a nursing home with 120 permanent residents. The population is characterized by its complexity, showing a high prevalence of chronic pathology, pluripathology, advanced functional impairment and a high incidence of cognitive impairment linked to cognitive and behavioural symptoms, involving the use of large number of drugs (risk of polypharmacy), and thus increasing the risk of drug related problems (DRPs). Aim.- To implement optimization measures in the prescription and follow-up of therapeutic regimes in the elderly institutionalized patient, as an improvement tool for the quality of care and the integral care. Patient and methods.- A total of 30.8% of prescriptions were reviewed during 6 months in interdisciplinary meetings between pharmacists and doctors. Firstly, we applied a general filter based on pharmaceutical care criteria to detect DRPs, and then we suggested interventions. Secondly, we assessed potentially inappropriate drug prescriptions using STOPP/START criteria. Thirdly, prescriptions were fitted to the pharmacotherapeutic guide of reference in our field. These data were compiled in four database tables (DRPs Table, DRPs Intervention Table, START Table, STOPP Table). And lastly, we drew up individual documents of treatment according to each patient's features. Results.- An analysis of 37 cases showed an average use of 8 drugs. We detected 25 DRPs, with the inappropriate drug use (52%) being the most common. A total of 32 interventions on DRPs were performed; the most frequent of them was that aimed to stop the use of inappropriate drugs (46.87%). Regarding the use of STOPP/ START criteria, we developed 21 interventions (80.95% aimed to STOPP criteria and 19.05% aimed to START criteria). In the decisionmaking about the use of these optimization criteria, the cardiovascular system was the most commonly involved physiologic system (42.85% of the interventions). Conclusions.- By applying treatment optimization tools (DRPs detection, STOPP/START criteria), we can reduce polypharmacy, avoid DRPs and inappropriate prescriptions, improving the control and follow-up of therapeutic regimes and the quality of drug handling in a nursing home. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home prescription Spain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged cardiovascular system cognitive defect data base drug use filter follow up functional disease human inappropriate prescribing pathology patient pharmaceutical care pharmacist physician polypharmacy population prevalence risk LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2011.06.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 352 TITLE Is hand sanitizing gel involved in acute pancreatitis in teaching nurses after excessive disinfection? AUTHOR NAMES Huynh-Delerme C. Artigou C. Bodin L. Verdier C. Sater N. Ould Elhkim M. Desmares C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Huynh-Delerme C.; Artigou C.; Verdier C.; Sater N.; Desmares C.) Unité D'évaluation Toxicologique Et Microbiologique, Agence franc¸aise de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé, Saint-Denis, France. (Bodin L.) Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, De l'Environnement et du travail, Maisons-Alfort, France. (Ould Elhkim M.) Uetm, Agence franc¸aise de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé, Saint-Denis, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Huynh-Delerme, Unité D'évaluation Toxicologique Et Microbiologique, Agence franc¸aise de sécurité sanitaire des produits de santé, Saint-Denis, France. SOURCE Toxicology Letters (2011) 205 SUPPL. 1 (S262). Date of Publication: 28 Aug 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 47th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology, EUROTOX 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2011-08-28 to 2011-08-31 ISSN 0378-4274 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: An occupational physician reported to the French Health Products Safety Agency (Afssaps) a case of adverse effect of acute pancreatitis (AP) in a teaching nurse, after multiple demonstrations with alcohol-based hand rubs used in a classroom with faulty mechanical ventilation. It was hypothesized by the occupational physician that the exposure to ethanol by skin penetration and predominantly by inhalation may have produced a significant blood alcohol concentration, and subsequently the AP. Methods: The training nurse medical history showed that she was treated for a hyperthyroidism but the treatment was stopped a month before the occurrence of the AP. She had been treated for hypertension for 3 years and she was not taking any oral contraceptive. She drank a glass of alcohol without abuse. A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used in order to determine the ethanol concentration in serum. Results of the study: Several studies showed a very weak ethanol dermal absorption, even with intensive use. The situation of confinement resulting in inhalation exposure to ethanol shows that the maximum blood ethanol level determined by PBPK modeling does not exceed the endogenous ethanol level. This study does not allow any relationship between the exposures to alcoholic hand rubs and the increase of plasmatic ethanol concentration even under closed classroom conditions without mechanical ventilation, and this excludes the causal link with AP. In this work the implication of drugs and/or hyperparathyroidism is also discussed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol glass oral contraceptive agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acute pancreatitis disinfection health care organization human nurse teaching toxicology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse adverse drug reaction alcohol blood level alcoholism artificial ventilation exposure health hyperparathyroidism hypertension hyperthyroidism inhalation medical history model occupational physician pharmacokinetics safety serum skin absorption skin penetration LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.891 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 353 TITLE Implementing a perinatal substance abuse screening tool AUTHOR NAMES Wallman C.M. Smith P.B. Moore K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wallman C.M., carolmwallman@aol.com) Children' S Hospital, Aurora, CO, United States. (Wallman C.M., carolmwallman@aol.com) Poudre Valley Hospital, Fort Collins, CO, United States. (Smith P.B.; Moore K.) Women and Family Services, Poudre Valley Hospital, Fort Collins, CO, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.M. Wallman, 8059 Timberwolf Circle, Wellington, CO 80549, United States. Email: carolmwallman@aol.com SOURCE Advances in Neonatal Care (2011) 11:4 (255-267). Date of Publication: August 2011 ISSN 1536-0903 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Newborns exposed to illicit drugs or alcohol in utero can face physical, social, and emotional obstacles. Outcomes for children with fetal alcohol syndrome disorders are well documented in the literature. Data exist on the effects of maternal illicit drug use. Identifying perinatal substance abuse can increase positive outcomes for newborns and create the opportunity for mothers to access assistance through referrals to community resources. This article provides insight on how hospitals can implement an effective screening tool through patient surveying and testing, nurse education, and collaboration with community agencies in a multidisciplinary advisory committee setting. This discussed method of universal perinatal screening results in increased positive screens and increased referrals for care and support. Emphasis is placed on universal screening and testing methods. Nurses are trained in motivational interview techniques that convey empathy, listening, and objectivity. Community agencies partner with hospital staff through onsite meetings with families that determine the best discharge plan for the newborn. The multidisciplinary advisory committee meets continually to discuss future enhancements. © 2011 by the National Association of Neonatal Nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, epidemiology) perinatal care substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chemistry female hospital human interdisciplinary communication meconium mental health service methodology newborn nursing education pregnancy psychologic test United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 22123347 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22123347) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ANC.0b013e318225a20b COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 354 TITLE Thoughts on "A public health approach to children's mental health". AUTHOR NAMES Yearwood E.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yearwood E.L.) Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.L. Yearwood, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. Email: ely2@georgetown.edu SOURCE Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing : official publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc (2011) 24:3 (190-191). Date of Publication: Aug 2011 ISSN 1744-6171 (electronic) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion mental disease (prevention) mental health public health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child control health care delivery health care policy health service human nursing psychological aspect quality of life self concept social adaptation social environment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21810136 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21810136) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 355 TITLE Is deinstitutionalization working in our community? AUTHOR NAMES Hamden A. Newton R. McCauley-Elsom K. Cross W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hamden A., ahamden@lrh.com.au) Community Mental Health, Latrobe Regional Hospital, Traralgon, Australia. (Newton R.) Mental Health CSU, Austin Health, Australia. (McCauley-Elsom K.) School of Nursing, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Australia. (Cross W.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Hamden, Community Mental Health, Latrobe Regional Hospital, 20 Washington Street, Traralgon, VIC 3844, Australia. Email: ahamden@lrh.com.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2011) 20:4 (274-283). Date of Publication: August 2011 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT This exploratory study examined the impact of deinstitutionalization on consumers admitted to a regional community care unit (CCU) between 1996 and 2007, and looked at lengths of stay and re-admissions to acute psychiatric care units and the impact this might have on quality of life. The results showed that the original and current residents of CCU have improved quality of life through friendships, a home-like environment, and reduced re-admissions to acute psychiatric care units; however, further improvements can be made with more emphasis on employment/vocational services and social inclusion. More concerning is those who are unable to access a CCU bed due to chronic CCU bed shortages. This group, referred to as the 'new chronic patients', tend to become victims of 'the revolving door phenomenon', homelessness, and substance abuse. The assertive community treatment model of care and community packages are recommended for people on waiting lists for CCU, or those who do not fit the CCU criteria, to try and reduce the level of disability that is likely to occur from frequent relapses. © 2011 The Authors; International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2011 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) deinstitutionalization hospital readmission length of stay mental disease (rehabilitation, therapy) quality of life EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult aged article Australia demography female homelessness human human relation male mental health service methodology middle aged outcome assessment residential care social environment statistics vocational guidance LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21450048 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21450048) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00726.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 356 TITLE Risk of upper and lower gastrointestinal hospitalizations in the elderly with and without alzheimer's disease AUTHOR NAMES Wu J.H. Guo Z. Kumar S. Gomez A. Lapuerta. P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wu J.H.; Kumar S.; Gomez A.) Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pennington, United States. (Guo Z.) Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, United States. (Lapuerta. P.) Global Clinical Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.H. Wu, Global Pharmacovigilance and Epidemiology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pennington, United States. SOURCE Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2011) 20 SUPPL. 1 (S258). Date of Publication: August 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 27th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-08-14 to 2011-08-17 ISSN 1053-8569 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Very little published research addresses the risk of gastrointestinal (Gi) hospitalizations in elderly patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The risk of these complications in AD patients may be attributed to the high prevalence of comorbidities and use of concomitant medications, e.g. NSAiD, anticoagulants and antiplatelets. Objectives: To compare the incidence of Gi hospitalization (ulceration, perforation, or bleeding in the upper or lower Gi tract) among the elderly aged 65 and older with and without AD. Methods: Patients aged 65+ and with a diagnosis of AD (iCD-9-CM 331.0) were identified from 1/1/2003 to 12/ 31/2006 using the PharMetrics database. The control cohort consisted of a random sample matched to the AD cohort by age, gender, region, and calendar year in a 1:1 ratio. The two study cohorts were followed for upper and lower Gi hospitalizations from the index date for two years. Cox proportional hazards modeling was used to compare the rates between two cohorts and also control for other confounders. Results: A total of 27,076 AD patients were identified. Approximately 66% of them were 80+ years of age, and 65% was female. Patients with AD had higher rates of upper and lower Gi hospitalizations, compared to those without AD (AD vs. non-AD: upper Gi: 27.4 vs. 17.1/1000personyear, HR=1.49, 95%Ci 1.34-1.65; lower Gi: 9.4 vs. 6.9/ 1000person-year, HR=1.26, 95%Ci 1.06-1.48). The Cox hazards models were adjusted for age, gender, region, calendar year, Medicare enrollment, hospitalizations in six months prior to the index date, Charlson comorbidity index, nursing home residence, alcohol or drug abuse, concomitant use of COX-2 inhibitors, NSAiDs, corticosteroids, anti-coagulant and anti-platelet. The association was also present in patients without history of Gi bleeding (upper Gi: HR=1.54, 95%Ci 1.37-1.73; lower Gi: HR=1.37, 95%Ci 1.14-1.64). Conclusions: Patients with AD had higher incidence rates of upper and lower Gi hospitalizations, compared to those without AD. Further analyses to examine risk factors associated with Gi hospitalizations in AD patients are warranted. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol anticoagulant agent corticosteroid cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aged Alzheimer disease hospitalization human pharmacoepidemiology risk risk management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bleeding comorbidity data base diagnosis drug abuse drug therapy female gender hazard incidence medicare model nursing home patient perforation prevalence random sample risk factor thrombocyte ulcer LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.2206 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 357 TITLE A qualitative and quantitative needs assessment of pain management for hospitalized orthopedic patients AUTHOR NAMES Cordts G.A. Grant M.S. Brandt L.E. Mears S.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cordts G.A.; Grant M.S.; Brandt L.E.) Division of Geriatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States. (Mears S.C., ehenze1@jhmi.edu) c/o Elaine P. Henze, BJ, ELS, Editorial Services, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Ave, #A665, Baltimore, MD 21224-2780, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.C. Mears, c/o Elaine P. Henze, BJ, ELS, Editorial Services, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Ave, #A665, Baltimore, MD 21224-2780, United States. Email: ehenze1@jhmi.edu SOURCE Orthopedics (2011) 34:8 (e368-e373). Date of Publication: August 2011 ISSN 0147-7447 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT Despite advances in pain management, little formal teaching is given to practitioners and nurses in its use for postoperative orthopedic patients. The goal of our study was to determine the educational needs for orthopedic pain management of our residents, nurses, and physical therapists using a quantitative and qualitative assessment. The needs analysis was conducted in a 10-bed orthopedic unit at a teaching hospital and included a survey given to 20 orthopedic residents, 9 nurses, and 6 physical therapists, followed by focus groups addressing barriers to pain control and knowledge of pain management. Key challenges for nurses included not always having breakthrough pain medication orders and the gap in pain management between cessation of patientcontrolled analgesia and ordering and administering oral medications. Key challenges for orthopedic residents included treating pain in patients with a history of substance abuse, assessing pain, and determining when to use long-acting vs short-acting opioids. Focus group assessments revealed a lack of training in pain management and the need for better coordination of care between nurses and practitioners and improved education about special needs groups (the elderly and those with substance abuse issues). This needs assessment showed that orthopedic residents and nurses receive little formal education on pain management, despite having to address pain on a daily basis. This information will be used to develop an educational program to improve pain management for postoperative orthopedic patients. An integrated educational program with orthopedic residents, nurses, and physical therapists would promote understanding of issues for each discipline. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) needs assessment pain professional knowledge EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical practice disease control education program hospital patient human medical education patient assessment qualitative analysis quantitative analysis EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011455133 MEDLINE PMID 21815578 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21815578) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20110627-11 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 358 TITLE Multidisciplinary intervention to enhance medication safety in german nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Schroeder F. Bernard S. Schmiedl S. Hanke F. Jaehde U. Thuermann P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schroeder F.; Jaehde U.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. (Bernard S.; Schmiedl S.; Thuermann P.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Philipp Klee-Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, HELIOS Clinic Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany. (Hanke F.) GeroPharmCare GmbH, Cologne, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F. Schroeder, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. SOURCE International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:4 (699). Date of Publication: August 2011 CONFERENCE NAME ESCP International Workshop on Geriatrics, 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Utrecht, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-05 to 2011-05-06 ISSN 2210-7703 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands ABSTRACT Background and Objective Nursing home residents are characterised by very old age, multimorbidity and polypharmacy. These patients are at particularly high risk to suffer from drug-related problems such as adverse drug events (ADEs). Design In this prospectively designed cross-sectional analysis two clinical pharmacists surveyed the medical documentation and nurse's notes for potential ADEs which were subsequently evaluated by a team of a geriatrician, clinical pharmacologists and clinical pharmacists. Based on the results a multidisciplinary intervention was developed consisting of professional training in geriatric pharmacy and pharmacology, improved and structured communication as well as decision and observational tools for the prescribing GPs, nurses and pharmacists. Eight weeks after implementation of the intervention a second cross-sectional analysis was carried out. Setting This study was conducted in nursing homes in North Rhine- Westphalia, Germany. The study was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG). Main Outcome Measures Number, type, severity and preventability of ADEs prior and after the multidisciplinary intervention. Results 4 nursing homes with 426 residents participated, of which 274 (87.8%) were included in the first and 339 (80.7%) in the second crosssectional analysis. 57 and respectively 54 ADEs were detected over the 30 days observation period in both parts of the study resulting in a 30-days prevalence of 15.9 and 15.2 ADEs/100 resident months and an incidence of 8.8 and 7.7 ADEs/100 resident months, respectively. There were no major differences in preventability and severity of ADE between both cross-section analyses. While most of the ADEs (42%) in the first analysis occurred in the gastro-intestinal tract, neurological disorders (62%) were more frequent after the intervention. The feasibility analysis showed that 72% of the participating nurses would recommend the intervention to colleagues and 44% thought that the intervention could be easily set up in other nursing homes. Conclusions The multidisciplinary intervention was feasible and well accepted by pharmacists and nurses. Incidence and prevalence of ADEs were not reduced after the intervention probably due to the short period of the interventional phase (8 weeks) and/or an improved documentation of ADEs as a consequence of the professional training. The involvement of prescribing GPs was limited which can be contributed to the fact that in Germany, in comparison to many other countries, a large number of GPs (4-22) cares for the residents of a nursing home. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug therapy geriatrics nursing home safety workshop EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction documentation gastrointestinal tract Germany health human interpersonal communication medical documentation neurologic disease nurse nursing home patient patient pharmacist pharmacology pharmacy polypharmacy prevalence risk senescence very elderly LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9528-8 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 359 TITLE Potential underuse, overuse, and inappropriate use of antidepressants in older veteran nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Hanlon J.T. Wang X. Castle N.G. Stone R.A. Handler S.M. Semla T.P. Pugh M.J. Berlowitz D.R. Dysken M.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu; Handler S.M.) Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu; Wang X.; Stone R.A.; Handler S.M.) Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu; Handler S.M.) Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, United States. (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu; Handler S.M.) Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, United States. (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu) Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, United States. (Hanlon J.T., jth14@pitt.edu) Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Castle N.G.) Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Stone R.A.) Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Semla T.P.) Pharmacy Benefits Management Services, Department of Veterans Affairs, Hines, IL, United States. (Semla T.P.) Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. (Semla T.P.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States. (Pugh M.J.) Veterans Evidence-Based Research Dissemination and Implementation Center, South Texas Veterans Affairs Health System, San Antonio, TX, United States. (Berlowitz D.R.) Center for Health Quality, Outcomes and Economic Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, United States. (Dysken M.W.) Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Minneapolis, MN, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.T. Hanlon, Department of Medicine (Geriatrics), University of Pittsburgh, Kaufman Medical Building-Suite 514, 3471 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Email: jth14@pitt.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2011) 59:8 (1412-1420). Date of Publication: August 2011 ISSN 0002-8614 1532-5415 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine prevalence and resident- and site-level factors associated with potential underuse, overuse, and inappropriate use of antidepressants in older Veterans Affairs (VA) Community Living Center (CLC) residents. Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: One hundred thirty-three VA CLCs. Participants: Three thousand six hundred ninety-two veterans aged 65 and older admitted between January 1, 2004, and June 3, 2005, with long stays (≥90 days). Measurements: Prevalence of potential underuse, inappropriate use, and overuse of antidepressants in residents with and without depression (as documented according to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes or Depression Rating Scale). Results: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were the most commonly prescribed antidepressant. Of the 877 residents with depression, 25.4% did not receive an antidepressant, suggesting potential underuse. Of residents with depression who received antidepressants, 57.5% had potential inappropriate use due primarily to problems seen with drug-drug and drug-disease interactions. Of the 2,815 residents who did not have depression, 1,190 (42.3%) were prescribed one or more antidepressants; only 48 (4.0%) of these had a Food and Drug Administration-approved labeled indication, suggesting potential overuse. Overall, only 17.6% of antidepressant use was appropriate (324/1,844). The only consistent resident factor associated with potential underuse and overuse use was taking an antipsychotic without evidence of schizophrenia (underuse: adjusted relative risk ratio (ARRR)=0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.33-0.94; overuse: adjusted odds ratio=1.52, 95% CI=1.21-1.91). Having moderate to severe pain (ARRR=1.54, 95% CI=1.08-2.20) and the prescribing of an anxiolytic or hypnotic (ARRR=1.33, 95% CI=1.02-1.74) increased the risk of potential inappropriate antidepressant use. Conclusion: Potential problems with the use of antidepressants were frequently observed in older U.S. veteran CLC residents. Future studies are needed to examine the true risks and benefits of antidepressant use in CLC and non-VA nursing homes. © 2011, The American Geriatrics Society. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (drug therapy) amitriptyline (drug dose, drug therapy) anxiolytic agent (drug therapy) cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy) citalopram (drug therapy) desipramine (drug therapy) doxepin (drug therapy) fluoxetine (drug therapy) hypnotic agent (drug therapy) memantine (drug therapy) methylphenidate (drug therapy) metoprolol mirtazapine (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (drug dose, drug therapy) nortriptyline (drug therapy) paroxetine (drug therapy) serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor (drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy) sertraline (drug therapy) trazodone (drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug therapy) venlafaxine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (drug therapy, diagnosis, drug therapy) medication error nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aging article controlled study depression rating scale disease severity drug megadose drug overdose drug use female food and drug administration human International Classification of Diseases length of stay longitudinal study major clinical study male multicenter study pain (drug therapy) prescription prevalence public hospital rating scale risk factor schizophrenia treatment indication veteran CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) citalopram (59729-33-8) desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6) doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1) methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9) metoprolol (37350-58-6) mirtazapine (61337-67-5) nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3) paroxetine (61869-08-7) sertraline (79617-96-2) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011457262 MEDLINE PMID 21824120 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21824120) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03522.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 360 TITLE Novel modular teaching of hiv patients in resource-limiting setting: Effect of learning outcomes on adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) AUTHOR NAMES Busari O. Busari O. Adeyemi A. Nakayima M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Busari O.; Busari O.) Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. (Adeyemi A.) Family Health International, Abuja, Nigeria. (Nakayima M.) AIDS Support Organization, Masaka, Uganda. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Busari, Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. SOURCE Sexually Transmitted Infections (2011) 87 SUPPL. 1 (A332). Date of Publication: July 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 19th Biennial Conference of the International Society for Sexually Transmitted Diseases Research CONFERENCE LOCATION Quebec City, QC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2011-07-10 to 2011-07-13 ISSN 1368-4973 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: Patient education is a crucial aspect of antiretroviral treatment of HIV patients and plays a significant role in adherence to HAART, development of OIs, hospitalisation and mortality. Unfortunately, in most resource-poor setting, this is not often done, and when it is done, often casually. Objective Objective was to compare a modular teaching method (MTM) with traditional patient education (TTM), and evaluate its effectiveness on adherence to HAART, development of OIs, hospitalisation and mortality. Methods: 420 HIV-positive patients on HAART, zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine, were recruited and randomly divided into subject and control groups. A pre-test and post-test time-series design was used to collect data using a 30-item knowledge and skills assessment schedule with items rated on a 5-point Linkert-type scale. The schedule was pre-tested on 50 patients with Cronbach's Score of 0.92 and a test-retest co-efficient of 0.89 at a 4-week interval. The MTM consist of 10 modules which address issues on adherence such as benefits of treatment, family and social support, adverse drug effects, psychological factors, substance abuse, patientprovider relationship, patient's self efficacy and effect of traditional/ cultural values. MTM was used to educate subject group while the controls received the traditional teaching by nurses on the wards. Teaching was done throughout the period of hospitalisation. All the patients were followed for 8 months at 4-week intervals via outpatient clinic and home visits. χ(2) and t-tests were used; p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age was 28.7±6.9 years. Mean adherence rate for the subjects was 98.9±1.0% and for controls, 87.±62.4% (p<0.001). Frequency of OIs per patient per month was lower in subjects than in controls (0.51 vs 1.31, p=0.002). Mean number of readmissions per patient per month during the 8-month follow-up was 0.1860.01 for subjects and 0.89±0.02 for controls (p=0.0012). Subject group had shorter hospital stay (6.2±2.6 days vs 15.7±4.8 days, p=0.002) and lower mortality (p=0.008) than the controls. Conclusion MTM has significant effect on adherence to HAART, development of OIs, readmission rate, hospital stay and mortality. MTM is recommended as a core aspect of adherence counselling and antiretroviral treatment programme. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS lamivudine nevirapine zidovudine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) highly active antiretroviral therapy human learning patient sexually transmitted disease society teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction control group counseling cultural value follow up hospital readmission hospitalization Human immunodeficiency virus Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient mortality nurse outpatient department patient education professional practice psychological aspect self concept skill social support Student t test substance abuse time series analysis ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.572 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 361 TITLE Preparing nurses for leadership roles in cardiovascular disease prevention AUTHOR NAMES Lanuza D.M. Davidson P.M. Dunbar S.B. Hughes S. De Geest S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lanuza D.M., dlanuza@wisc.edu) School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States. (Davidson P.M.) Cardiovascular and Chronic Care, Curtin University and St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia. (Dunbar S.B.) Cardiovascular Nursing, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, United States. (Hughes S.) System Population Health, Summa Health System, Akron, OH, United States. (De Geest S.) Nursing and Director, Institute of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Lanuza, University of WisconsinMadison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-2455, United States. Email: dlanuza@wisc.edu SOURCE European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2011) 10:SUPPL. 2 (S51-S57). Date of Publication: July 2011 ISSN 1474-5151 1873-1953 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a critical global health issue, and cardiovascular nurses play a vital role in decreasing the global burden and contributing to improving outcomes in individuals and communities. Cardiovascular nurses require the knowledge, skills, and resources that will enable them to function as leaders in CVD. This article addresses the education, training, and strategies that are needed to prepare nurses for leadership roles in preventing and managing CVD. Building on the World Health Organization core competencies for 21st-century health care workers, the specific competencies of cardiovascular nurses working in prevention are outlined. These can be further strengthened by investing in the development of cultural, system change and leadership competencies. Mentorship is proposed as a powerful strategy for promoting the cardiovascular nursing role and equipping individual nurses to contribute meaningfully to health system reform and community engagement in CVD risk reduction. © 2011 European Society of Cardiology. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiovascular disease (epidemiology, prevention) cardiovascular nursing health promotion leadership nurse manager EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cardiovascular risk chronic disease community cultural competence cultural factor demography diabetes mellitus (prevention) dyslipidemia (prevention) environmental factor epidemiological data evidence based practice exercise health behavior health care personnel health care policy health care system heart failure (prevention) heredity human hypertension (prevention) medical education medical expert nutrition prevalence preventive medicine priority journal professional competence risk assessment risk reduction strategic planning teacher thrombosis (prevention) tobacco dependence (prevention) training world health organization EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011387945 MEDLINE PMID 21762853 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21762853) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-5151(11)00116-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 362 TITLE Mental health services in Tehran University of medical sciences' general hospitals: General status and pattern of service delivery in 2010 AUTHOR NAMES Nejatisafa A.-A. Khodabandeh N. Hosseini N. Arbabi. M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nejatisafa A.-A.; Khodabandeh N.; Hosseini N.; Arbabi. M.) Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.-A. Nejatisafa, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. SOURCE Asian Journal of Psychiatry (2011) 4 SUPPL. 1 (S64-S65). Date of Publication: July 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 3rd Congress of Asian Psychiatry, WCAP 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Melbourne, VIC, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2011-07-31 to 2011-08-04 ISSN 1876-2018 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the status of mental health services in general hospitals of Tehran University of medical Sciences in 2010. Methods: A questionnaire was developed for conducting this survey. Sampling method was census. The information about the number of psychiatrist, psychologist, psychiatry nurses and social workers, practice pattern, work hours, provision for developing mental health services, the most prevalent mental health problems in different wards, main causes of consultations, number of consultation per year, the degree of liaison work etc were gathered. The dean of each hospital, the chief faculty of each medical or surgical ward, the head nurse and all of mental health professionals were asked to participate in the survey. Results: Seven university hospitals with more than 2400 beds were evaluated. The number of psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and psychiatry nurses were 8, 5, 14 and 0 respectively. Most of psychiatrists were part time. Although the prevalence of mental health problems that were estimated by hospitals and different ward authorities was at least 30%, the ratio of consultation to patient was 0.011. The most prevalent diagnosis in referred cases was adjustment disorder, Depression, anxiety and substance related disorders. Three hospitals had future plan to develop mental health services. Pattern of service delivery was traditional consultation in most hospitals and Liaison service was provided just in two hospitals. Conclusion: The status of mental health services in general hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were not favorable. For the future we need to better organize and formalize mental health services. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Asian general hospital health care delivery medicine mental health service psychiatry university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adjustment disorder anxiety consultation diagnosis head nurse health practitioner hospital human mental health nurse patient population research prevalence psychiatrist psychologist questionnaire sampling social worker surgical ward university hospital ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1876-2018(11)60246-3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 363 TITLE Health and illness in context: a pragmatic, interdisciplinary approach to teaching and learning applied public health within an urban safety net system. AUTHOR NAMES Iles-Shih M. Sve C. Solotaroff R. Bruno R. Gregg J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Iles-Shih M.) School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. (Sve C.; Solotaroff R.; Bruno R.; Gregg J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Iles-Shih, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Email: ilesshim@ohsu.edu SOURCE Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP (2011) 17:4 (308-312). Date of Publication: 2011 Jul-Aug ISSN 1550-5022 (electronic) ABSTRACT Academic centers and community programs are too often separated by institutional and cultural chasms. Such divides weaken our capacity to develop a diverse public health-oriented, community-based workforce. This article describes one bridge designed to connect the academy to local safety net systems and the lessons learned during its construction. "Health & Illness in Context" is an interdisciplinary program developed in 2008 by students at Oregon Health & Science University and staff at Portland's Central City Concern. Over a 7-week period, small cohorts of medical, nursing, and public health students gain an intimate, street-level understanding of the local safety net and the structural forces that shape it. Guided by program faculty, they traverse the maze of urban social services-following clients' pathways from homelessness and addiction to treatment, recovery, and social reintegration. In each 4-hour session, students: (1) apply key concepts from public health to challenging real-world contexts, (2) explore effective, innovative approaches to addressing complex health and social issues, and (3) directly engage members of underserved communities and the diverse professionals that serve them. Although too early to formally assess its impact on career choice, Health & Illness in Context is already serving as an incubator for novel public health-oriented experiences, curricula, and activism that are further narrowing the community-university divide. Citing Health & Illness in Context as a primary inspiration, students have developed complementary elective courses, community-outreach activities, and long-term community collaborations. Meanwhile, program faculty members, now formally advise student initiatives, serve as mentors/preceptors, and have expanded their involvement at the university. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health service interdisciplinary communication medical education nursing education public health social work EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (therapy) article curriculum education health care disparity health care planning homelessness human organization and management United States university vulnerable population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21617404 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21617404) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 364 TITLE Improving patient outcomes in heart failure: Assessment of nurses' knowledge of heart failure self management AUTHOR NAMES Kalowes P. Peters C. Long P. Hawkins D. Wayne B. Catipon K. Tin E. Schauer A. Jeong S. Lamond B. Nguyen H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kalowes P.; Peters C.; Long P.; Hawkins D.; Wayne B.; Catipon K.; Tin E.) Heart and Vascular Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, United States. (Schauer A.; Jeong S.; Lamond B.; Nguyen H.) Heart and Vascular Institute, Orange Coast Memorial Medical Center, Fountain Valley, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Kalowes, Heart and Vascular Institute, Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, Long Beach, United States. SOURCE Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care (2011) 40:4 (362). Date of Publication: July-August 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 7th Annual Conference of the American Association of Heart Failure Nurses, AAHFN 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seattle, WA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-06-23 to 2011-06-25 ISSN 0147-9563 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine nurses' knowledge of basic principles of HF selfmanagement. The results of this survey are part of a current randomized clinical trial (RCT), Outcomes of a Telephone Intervention on Heart Failure Self-Care: A Multi-Site, RCT to Evaluate Gender Differences, Hospital Readmissions, and Mortality in HF patients. We theorized in this RCT that nurses knowledge and understanding about HF and self-management principles vary significantly, thus inherently this may influence the quality of instruction given to HF patients at time of discharge. Background: Exacerbation of heart failure (HF) is the most common cause for readmission of elderly patients with HF. Patient education is an essential component of care, in order for HF patients to maintain adherence to their regimen. Nurses are often the primary providers of education in the hospital setting, thus, they should be knowledgeable about HF guidelines and self-care. Methods: An exploratory survey design was used to collect data in a convenience sample of 157 nurses. Of those surveyed, 99% were registered nurses and 1% licensed vocational nurse; 68% worked in a large university-based hospital; 32% were employed at a community hospital. Nurses completed a 20-item true or false written survey to measure perceptions of basic information important to HF self-management in diet (3 questions), fluids or weight (7 questions), signs or symptoms of worsening condition (6 questions), medications (2 questions), and exercise (2 questions). Sample included 62 nurses working in telemetry units; 7 from critical care and 41 nurses working on a medical-surgical unit, all routinely providing care to patients with HF. Results: Mean HF self-care knowledge score was 14.78 (±2). There was no statistical difference in the mean score between telemetry unit 14.90 (±2.1) and floor 15.07 (±1.95) nurses. Correct responses to individual survey items ranged from 16% to 100%; 7 questions resulted in mean scores >90% correct.Two questions (need for daily weight monitoring when asymptomatic and the importance of notifying the doctor of new onset or worsening of fatigue) were answered correctly by all participants. Subject areas of scores <30% involved patient self-care with blood pressure recordings, weight assessment and transient dizziness when rising. There were three questions with scores >30% and <75%; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory inhibitor use 47%; potassium-based salt substitute use 56%; and lean deli meat use in a low-sodium diet 69%. These findings confirm previous work suggesting that nurses regardless of setting, may not be adequately prepared to educate patients with HF about self-management. Conclusion: Results will serve as a baseline, as we develop a comprehensive educational intervention to educate nurses regarding the 2010 Heart Failure Society of America Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guidelines, which includes diet and nutrition, activity restrictions and recommendations, smoking cessation, alcoholic intake limitations, medication therapy, and signs and symptoms of worsening HF. Knowledge transfer of new information will enhance the nurses discharge teaching abilities, thus potentially reducing HF patient readmissions thru better self-care and adherence. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS potassium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heart failure human nurse patient self care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcoholism blood pressure measurement clinical trial community hospital convenience sample diet dizziness drug therapy education exercise fatigue hospital hospital readmission intensive care liquid meat monitoring mortality nutrition patient education physical disease by body function physician practice guideline registered nurse sex difference smoking cessation society sodium restriction teaching telemetry telephone therapy university vocation weight Western Hemisphere LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 365 TITLE Prevalence and risk assessment of CA-MRSA nasal colonization in patients of Loghman Hakim Hospital Tehran, Iran AUTHOR NAMES Shokoohi S. Abbasi F. Sazgar S. Hajikhani B. Kashi M.S. Sabeti S. Sarbakhshi P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shokoohi S.; Sazgar S.; Hajikhani B.; Kashi M.S.; Sabeti S.; Sarbakhshi P.) Infectious Disease and Tropical Medical Research Center, Shaheed Besheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran. (Abbasi F.) Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Shokoohi, Infectious Disease and Tropical Medical Research Center, Shaheed Besheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran. SOURCE International Journal of Infectious Diseases (2011) 15 SUPPL. 1 (S18). Date of Publication: July 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 5th Ditan International Conference on Infectious Diseases: Infectious Diseases in the Resistance Era, DICID 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Beijing, China CONFERENCE DATE 2011-07-14 to 2011-07-17 ISSN 1201-9712 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Objectives: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a serious pathogen and its nasal carriage is a risk factor for subsequent infections. This study aims at determining the prevalence of and risk factors for CA-MRSA colonization at the time of hospital admission in our community. Methods: In one year period, patients coming to the emergency department of our hospital were interviewed and anterior nares cultures were obtained within 24 hours of admission. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. A positive culture of MRSA within 24 hours of admission was considered as CA-MRSA. Chi-square test was performed for assessment of associations between culture results and the studied risk factors. Results: 56 (14%) and 11 (2.7%) of 400 patients had a nares culture positive for S. aureus and MRSA respectively. HIV infection (P value = 0.001), nursing homes residence (P value = 0.033) and nasal anatomic abnormalities (P value = 0.033) had significant association with CA-MRSA cultures. However in logistic regression, no statistically significant association was found. 45% of MRSA cultures showed induced resistance to clindamycin on D-test. On tigacyline E-test, based on a 12 mg/ml cutoff for susceptibility, 6 (54.5%) showed resistance. Conclusion: Our study showed CA-MRSA prevalence to be 2.7% and didn't demonstrate any association between recent hospitalization, antibiotic use and intravenous drug abuse with CA-MRSA carriage unlike other studies. This may have been a result of CA-MRSA low prevalence. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antibiotic agent clindamycin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital human infection Iran methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus patient prevalence risk assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS antibiotic sensitivity chi square test community emergency ward epsilometer test hospital admission hospitalization Human immunodeficiency virus Human immunodeficiency virus infection induced resistance intravenous drug abuse logistic regression analysis nursing home pathogenesis risk factor statistical significance LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1201-9712(11)60067-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 366 TITLE Effectiveness of intensive educational sessions for nursing staff in large ICU on multi drug resistant organism's acquisition rate: 3 year prospective observational study AUTHOR NAMES Alhenn A.S. Albraak A. Yousef A. Mhawesh M. Alqudah N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Alhenn A.S.; Albraak A.; Yousef A.; Mhawesh M.; Alqudah N.) Previntion and control department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.S. Alhenn, Previntion and control department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. SOURCE BMC Proceedings (2011) 5 SUPPL. 6. Date of Publication: 29 Jun 2011 CONFERENCE NAME International Conference on Prevention and Infection Control, ICPIC 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Geneva, Switzerland CONFERENCE DATE 2011-06-29 to 2011-07-02 ISSN 1753-6561 BOOK PUBLISHER BioMed Central Ltd. ABSTRACT Introduction/objectives: unit-targeted, and informal educational interventions were included in several studies. The focus of the interventions was to encourage the behaviors change through improved understanding of the problem of multi drug resistant organisms (MDRO). Whether the desire change involved hand hygiene, or other outcomes, enhancing understanding and creating a culture that supported and promoted the desired behaviors, were viewed as essential to the success of the intervention. Setting: A 100 Bed capacity Intensive care unit (ICU) in King Saud medical city in Riyadh. Methods: A 3-year, unit-targeted, prospective observational study was conducted to assess impact of intensive educational activities -for nursing staff in ICU- on MDRO's rate. In-service educational session have been distributed to three cycles per year, each cycle contain (10) deferent topics about infection control policy in hospital in order of topic/week. Each topic was presented to (5-8) nursing staff in bed side area one time per day in each ICU section for about (10-15 min.). Same topics are presented in each cycle in order to insure maximum staff attendance from ICU staff at the end of the year. Result: Total of (1720) educational session have been presented between (5/2008-12/2010) for (370) nurse per year annually. Attendance rate for were 78% and MDRO's rate was decreased from 51.8 per 1000 to 25.3 per 1000 patients' day, with attributable risk 48.8 %. Conclusion: Provide education and training on risks and prevention of MDRO transmission during periodic educational updates, include information on organizational experience with MDROs and preventions strategies, is ensuring that systems are in place to promote optimal treatment of infections and MDROs acquisition rate. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human infection control nursing staff observational study organisms prevention EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attributable risk city education hospital hospital bed capacity hygiene infection intensive care unit nurse patient policy risk LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 367 TITLE Substance use disorders and health care costs among veterans affairs nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Smith M.W. Lemke S. Schaefer J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith M.W.) Health Economics Resource Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States. (Smith M.W.) Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States. (Lemke S., sonne.lemke@va.gov; Schaefer J.) Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (152 MPD), Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Lemke, Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (152 MPD), Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. Email: sonne.lemke@va.gov SOURCE Medical Care (2011) 49:6 (538-544). Date of Publication: June 2011 ISSN 0025-7079 1537-1948 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Research on the relationship between substance use disorders (SUDs) and older adults health care costs is equivocal. A large-scale study comparing health care costs among older adults with and without SUDs has never been conducted. Objective: To determine the relation of SUDs to health care costs in a large sample of adults following entry into a Veterans Affairs (VA) nursing home. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 29,997 adults aged 45+ who entered a VA nursing home in 2000. Total costs were tallied over fiscal years 1997 to 2000 by setting (outpatient, nursing home, other inpatient, and total) and included all care paid by VA. Results: Relative to non-SUD patients, those with SUDs aged 75 to 84 years had significantly higher total costs of care (+$10,020), as did those aged 85 and above (+$16,052). Yet, SUD diagnosis was not a significant predictor of total cost or nursing home cost among persons 65 and above after controlling for demographic, clinical, and financial factors. Conclusions: SUDs do not directly increase health care costs among older adults entering nursing homes, although they may affect cost of care indirectly through factors such as income and marital dissolution. The generational increase in SUD rates occurring in the United States may not lead to substantially greater health care expenses if appropriate assistance can be provided before nursing home entry. Copyright © 2011 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care cost nursing home patient substance abuse veteran EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article cohort analysis controlled study cost control demography female financial management hospital patient human income major clinical study male marriage medicare outpatient predictive value priority journal retrospective study United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011288574 MEDLINE PMID 21422957 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422957) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318207f257 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 368 TITLE Alcohol and health content in bacalaureate nursing programs AUTHOR NAMES Savage C.L. Dyehouse J. Marcus M. Lindell A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage C.L.; Dyehouse J.; Marcus M.; Lindell A.) University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Savage, University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2011) 35 SUPPL. 1 (74A). Date of Publication: June 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA CONFERENCE LOCATION Atlanta, GA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-06-25 to 2011-06-29 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine the amount of content covered in baccalaureate science of nursing (BSN) curricula related to alcohol and health. Methods: this study was a cross sectional descriptive survey. The survey was electronically distributed to members of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) listserv. Data were analyzed through the calculation of frequencies, and distribution. The survey inquired about the number of hours that alcohol content was taught, in what course(s) and the content area covered. Results: Sixty-eight schools responded (11% response rate). The the mean number of hours related to alcohol content over a four year curriculum was 11.3 (SD = 8.34) with a range of 3 to 38 hours. Over a third (38%) included 6 hours or less of alcohol related content. The majority of those hours were offered in the psychiatric course and focused on treatment of AUDs. The mean number of hours related to Alcohol content in the psychiatric courses was 4.9 (SD = 5.03), with a range of 0 to 35. Eighty one percent reported 6 or less hours of alcohol-related content in the psychiatric course. The mean number of hours dedicated to alcohol-related content in the lifespan nursing courses (obstetrics, pediatrics and adult health) was lower. In courses that cover content related to adult health, the mean number of hours was 2.8 (SD = 3). A little less than 65% included 2 hours or less and almost 16% reported that no content was included in the adult health courses related to alcohol. The women's and children's health courses had a mean of 1.8 hours with a range of 0 to 6. Ten percent included no content on alcohol and 51% reported that they included one hour or less. Conclusion: No standard approach was used by these schools in relation to the amount of alcohol related content hours that should be included. The lack of alcohol related content in the lifespan courses has potentially serious consequences. For example, nurses working in schools need alcohol related knowledge to actively participate in alcohol prevention with school children especially with the strong evidence that first use of alcohol at ages 11 to 14 increases the risk for the development of an alcohol use disorder. Since nurses are the largest segment of the health care work force, and alcohol is one of the top three causes of premature death, interventions are needed that will result in an increase in alcohol-related content in BSN curricula. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health nursing society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption child college curriculum death female health care human lifespan nurse obstetrics pediatrics prevention risk school school child LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01497.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 369 TITLE Cost analyses of screening and brief intervention in multiple health care settings - Practical considerations and implications for health policy AUTHOR NAMES Parthasarathy S. Weisner C. Sterling S. Satre D.D. Chi F.W. Mertens J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Parthasarathy S.; Weisner C.; Sterling S.; Satre D.D.; Chi F.W.; Mertens J.) Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Parthasarathy, Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2011) 35 SUPPL. 1 (286A). Date of Publication: June 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA CONFERENCE LOCATION Atlanta, GA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-06-25 to 2011-06-29 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT As part of the effort aimed at identifying individuals with alcohol problems earlier in their course and addressing alcohol use in the context of other chronic health conditions, screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) has been developed for alcohol problems in multiple health care settings and is gaining momentum. Examining costeffectiveness analyses of SBIRT varies by the treatment setting where it is implemented (e.g. adult primary care, pediatric primary care and psychiatry). In this ongoing study, we examine health care utilization and costs of patients in an SBIRT implementation in adult primary care. Primary care clinics were randomized to a control arm and two alternative modes of delivering SBIRT in nonacademic primary care settings. In the Primary Care Physician or “PCP” arm, PCPs were trained on the SBIRT protocols outlined in the NIAAA Clinicians' Guide. In the Non-Physician Provider (NPP) arm, Medical Assistants were trained to administer the NIAAA screener and enter the results in the electronic medical record. In this arm, the NPPs (including Behavioral Medicine Specialists, Primary Care Nurses and Clinical Health Educators) were trained to conduct the screening, brief intervention and referral activities. Providers in the control arm did not receive any training on SBIRT protocols. In the first three months of study observation, among those screened positive to the single question NIAAA screener, there were no differences between prescreening and postscreening emergency room (ER) utilization 2.9% vs. 3.4%. Of patients who screened positive, 3.4%had an ER visit in the postscreening period. 1% of those screened positive had a visit to the specialty CD department in the 1 month postassessment period, 59% of those screened positive had a primary care visit in the month after intake. Further analyses will compare results across the study arms and apply unit costs to these visits and examine cost-effectiveness of each treatment arm. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism cost benefit analysis health care health care policy screening society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption arm behavioral medicine cost effectiveness analysis electronic medical record emergency ward general practitioner health health care utilization health educator hospital human medical assistant medical specialist nurse patient physician primary medical care psychiatry LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01498.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 370 TITLE Alcohol-related content in undergraduate nursing curricula in the northeastern United States AUTHOR NAMES Mollica M.A. Hyman Z. Mann C.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mollica M.A., mollicam@dyc.edu) D'Youville College School of Nursing, Alt 519, 320 Porter Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14201, United States. (Hyman Z.) Daemen College Department of Nursing, State University of New York, Department of Psychiatry, Buffalo, United States. (Mann C.M.) Daemen College Department of Nursing, Snyder, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. A. Mollica, D'Youville College School of Nursing, Alt 519, 320 Porter Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14201, United States. Email: mollicam@dyc.edu SOURCE Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (2011) 49:6 (22-30). Date of Publication: June 2011 ISSN 0279-3695 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT Societal alcohol abuse and misuse is disproportionate to the number of related didactic and clinical hours reported by traditional baccalaureate nursing programs in the United States. Because no recent research re-examines the findings from earlier studies, a survey was developed and then electronically distributed to all nursing department deans or program chairs of traditional baccalaureate nursing programs in the Northeast (N = 117). Twenty-seven (23%) schools responded. Results showed limited didactic and clinical offerings. Most schools cover content related to definition, psychological and medical complications, and treatment and rehabilitation. Clinical applications were limited as was content addressing public dimensions of alcohol misuse. The current findings showed little change from those of studies conducted more than 20 years ago. Based on the current findings, further survey development is encouraged with the intent of continuing exploration of curricular offerings related to alcohol misuse. © SLACK Incorporated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical trial human multicenter study United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21598870 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21598870) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20110503-01 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 371 TITLE Community-based participatory research and American Indian/Alaska Native nurse practitioners: A partnership to promote adolescent health AUTHOR NAMES Katz J.R. Martinez T. Paul R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Katz J.R., jkatz@wsu.edu) College of Nursing, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States. (Martinez T.) Diabetes Prevention, Indian Health Service, Wellpinit, WA, United States. (Paul R.) Native American Health Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.R. Katz, College of Nursing, Washington State University, PO Box 1495, Spokane WA 99210-1495, United States. Email: jkatz@wsu.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2011) 23:6 (298-304). Date of Publication: June 2011 ISSN 1041-2972 1745-7599 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Purpose: To make recommendations for American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) nurse practitioners (NPs) and university partners who are partnering on community-based participatory (CBPR) research projects. An example of a CBPR study using focus groups to assess an important adolescent health problem is used to illustrate opportunities and challenges for AI/AN NPs. Data sources: Thirteen focus groups were held with 95 participants on the reservation where the AI/AN NP was a member and working. Results indicated that a majority of the community represented in the focus groups were concerned about substance abuse among its youth. Conclusions: The NP faced several challenges, including remembering emotional events recounted during focus groups differently than participants. This necessitated debriefing and a recommendation to carefully form policies and procedures before collecting data to anticipate such events. By far, the benefit of the NP's involvement was her ability to identify key members for focus groups, to assist in tribal council meetings, and to schedule meetings. Implications for practice: CBPR research partnerships are enhanced by NPs that are members of the community. CBPR partnerships present opportunities for NPs and university faculty to work on relevant community problems together. ©2011 The Author(s) Journal compilation ©2011 American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American Indian child health care cooperation Eskimo nurse practitioner participatory research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent adult aged article child cultural competence female human information processing male mental health middle aged qualitative research statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21649772 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21649772) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2011.00613.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 372 TITLE The lived experience of adults with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance use disorder. AUTHOR NAMES Ward T.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ward T.D.) Duke University, School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.D. Ward, Duke University, School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina, USA. Email: terry.ward@duke.edu SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (2011) 32:1 (20-27). Date of Publication: 2011 ISSN 1096-4673 (electronic) ABSTRACT There is a high incidence of comorbid substance use in the bipolar population. Co-occurring substance use in this population increases negative outcomes and changes the illness presentation. Currently there is a lack of insight into the lived experience of adults with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance abuse. This descriptive phenomenological study describes and enhances the understanding of what it is like to live with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance used disorder. The data were collected using face-to-face in-depth interviews. Six distinctive themes were developed and validated by the descriptions of the experiences of the participants. The six themes that emerged from analysis of formulated meanings were: (1) Life is Hard; (2) Feeling the Effects; (3) Trying to Escape; (4) Spiritual Support; (5) Being Pushed Beyond the Limits; and (6) A Negative Connotation. All the themes came from the interconnection of bipolar disorder and substance use disorder. This study has implications for nursing practice, research, and education. If nursing and health care professionals understand the problem as these patients' perceive it, management of mood swings and relapses from periods of sobriety along with selection of treatment modalities will be improved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior addiction (epidemiology, therapy) attitude to health bipolar disorder (epidemiology, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comorbidity cost of illness female human male methodology middle aged nursing methodology research psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric nursing psychological aspect psychological model psychological rating scale qualitative research questionnaire religion self care social psychology social support United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21208049 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208049) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01612840.2010.521620 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 373 TITLE A wed-based module on neurobiology to engage students in substance abuse research AUTHOR NAMES Truncali A. Gillespie C. Lee J. Ross S. Kerr D. Huben L. More F. Naegle M. Kalet A. Gourevitch M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Truncali A.; Gillespie C.; Lee J.; Ross S.; Gourevitch M.) NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States. (More F.) NYU College of Dentistry, New York, United States. (Kerr D.; Naegle M.) NYU College of Nursing, New York, United States. (Huben L.; Kalet A.) NYU School of Medicine, Brooklyn, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Truncali, NYU School of Medicine, New York, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2011) 26 SUPPL. 1 (S585-S586). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-04 to 2011-05-07 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: All first-year medical students (n=172) were invited to complete the module as a supplement to their Neuroscience course addiction lecture. They received instructions for accessing the module by way of the Neuroscience course website. DESCRIPTION: The multimedia module features a case study of a cocaine-dependent man whose addictive behaviors are described and linked with associated neurobiology,including reward, cue development and executive dysfunction. It uses interactive animation, user-controlled video segments, and immediate feedback facilitated by the learning platform. Successful research faculty colleagues further discuss how basic science has advanced the understanding and treatment of addiction. Immediate pre-post-testing on 4-point Likert scales evaluated interest in SA, interest in general- and SA-focused research and perceived knowledge. Post-testing evaluated attitudes and module appeal. A -month post survey was conducted by email to assess longer-term impact. NEEDS AND OBJECTIVES: There is a need to build the ranks of substance abuse (SA) researchers across health professions. We developed a web-based module, the Neurobiology of SA, as part of a NIDA-funded initiative to increase interest in SA research among nursing, dental and medical students. We aimed to foster students' understanding of addiction's physiologic basis and motivate interest in SA-focused research. EVALUATION: 83 of 172 (48%) students voluntarily completed the module (92 pretest, 44 posttest). Prior exposure to SA treatment or research was reported as absent (45%), personal (20%),educational (31%), and clinical (13%). SA interest increased (29% pre to 45% post somewhat or very interested, p=.005). There was no change in anticipated career research involvement, but interest in conducting SA research specifically increased from 45 to 52% (p=.09). After the module, students endorsed somewhat or full understanding of “how neurobiology research has shaped addiction treatment” (73%), “relationships between addiction and reward” (81%), and “pathways through which drug abuse affects decision making and inhibition” (90%). SA attitudes were generally ambivalent. At 4 months (n=44), students endorsed enhanced interest in SA treatment (77% some or a lot), SA research (70%) and change in attitudes (75%), as well as improved understanding of related course material(89%) and exam performance(84%). DISCUSSION/REFLECTION/LESSONS LEARNED: A web module on the neurobiology of SA offered to preclinical medical students with a baseline lack of interest in SA was readily integrated into existing course material and led to enhanced interest in SA and possibly motivation to conduct related research. The module deepened understanding of related course material. Attitudes toward SA treatment were generally ambivalent post-module but may represent an improvement from baseline. Future study will assess impact among dental and nursing students. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human internal medicine neurobiology society student substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction case study decision making drug abuse e-mail exposure feedback system health learning male manager medical student motivation multimedia nursing nursing student occupation reward scientist videorecording LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-011-1730-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 374 TITLE A scale for measuring social stress among diabetic patients AUTHOR NAMES Rothberg M. Du Val T.M. Friderici J. Welch G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rothberg M.; Du Val T.M.; Friderici J.; Welch G.) Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Rothberg, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2011) 26 SUPPL. 1 (S287). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-04 to 2011-05-07 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In urban clinic settings, many clinicians believe that social stress interferes with patients' ability to comply with complex medical regimens and that social support is protective. However, little empirical data is available and there is a paucity of assessment tools to foster research in this area. Competing obligations from family, as well as poverty, substance abuse, illiteracy, mental illness and domestic violence are all common and potentially disruptive factors, while support includes family members and community connections. The objective of this study was to measure social stress levels and social supports in an urban, predominantly Hispanic sample of patients with diabetes. METHODS: Using focus groups of physicians, nurses and diabetes educators who work with patients at one academic urban health center, we created a 20-item measure of social stress and a 10-item measure of social support in English and Spanish. After pilot testing with target subjects, the scale was modified for clarity. We administered the scale by telephone to 250 patients with diabetes to assess levels of social stress and support among our clinic population. For each stress question respondents were asked whether it was a cause of stress in the past week. Some questions included the possibility that a problem for a family member might be the source of the patient's stress, e.g. problems with alcohol or drug abuse in my family or myself. We also assessed depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and self-reported disability. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for binary response items. Bivariate examinations of continuous stress and support scores with demographic and behavioral predictors were conducted using unpaired t-tests, chi-squared tests, and Pearson's rank correlation. RESULTS: We invited 305 patients to participate, of which 246 (81%) responded. Mean age was 53±11 years, 63% were female, and 53% were Hispanic, 25% white and 19% black. All patients had type 2 diabetes, 73% were obese, and 61% were disabled. Depression measured by PHQ-9 was prevalent, with 31% scoring >=10, indicating moderate to severe depression. Nearly all patients (99%) had some form of health insurance. The average respondent endorsed 6 (SD 4) of 20 stress items (range 0 to 20) and 6 (SD 2) of 10 support items. Most (93%) endorsed at least one stress item. The top-ranked stress items were Depression/anxiety in self or family (63%; 95% CI 57%, 69%), “Family sickness/disability” (61%; 95% CI 55%, 67%), “Not enough money for food, rent” (60%; 95% CI 54%, 66%), “Caring for family's needs” (58%; 95% CI 51%, 64%) and “Cost of travel back home to visit family” (45% ; 95% CI 38%, 51%). The top-ranked support items were “Supportive doctor” (93%, 95% CI 90%, 97%), “Good advice from family” (79%, 95% CI 73%, 84%), and “Supportive friends” (76%, 95% 70%, 81%). Reliabilities for both scales were sound (alpha=0.8, stress; 0.6, support). There were no significant differences in stress by sex (men 6.1 vs. women 6.4, P=0.51); ethnicity (Hispanic 6.2 vs. black 6.7 vs. white 5.9, P=0.26), educational level (Pearson's r-0.07, P=0.54) or disability (disabled 6.7 vs. not 5.8, P=0.13). Stress scores were positively correlated with PHQ-9 (Pearson's r=0.60, p<0.0001), and support scores negatively so (Pearson's r=-0.26, p=0.0001). Stress and support were inversely related (Pearson's r=0.16, p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Among diabetic patients in an urban health center, levels of social stress were high, but social supports were also common. Social stress was highly correlated with depression. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) diabetic patient human internal medicine social stress society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS community confidence interval diabetes educator diabetes mellitus disability disabled person domestic violence drug abuse ethnicity examination female food friend health health center health insurance Hispanic hospital information processing male mental disease money non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus nurse patient physician population poverty questionnaire reliability social support Student t test substance abuse telephone travel LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-011-1730-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 375 TITLE Title: Improving inpatient pain: Possible barriers and solutions. A quality improvement initiative AUTHOR NAMES Jain S. Donato A. Acharya B. Mancini P.M. Gulati G. Romero B. Fraga J.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jain S.; Donato A.; Fraga J.D.) Reading Hospital and Medical Centre, Reading, United States. (Acharya B.; Mancini P.M.; Fraga J.D.) Reading Hospital, Reading, United States. (Gulati G.; Fraga J.D.) Reading Hospital and Medical Center, West Reading, United States. (Romero B.; Fraga J.D.) Reading Hospital and Medical Center, Reading, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Jain, Reading Hospital and Medical Centre, Reading, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2011) 26 SUPPL. 1 (S569). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-04 to 2011-05-07 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OR QUESTION: Pain management is often inadequately managed in the inpatient setting, with prevalence of severe pain reported in 15-36%. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION: Flow charting of nursingprocesses for pain assessment revealed significant limitations in nursingcomputer resources (multiple duplicate recording systems, no provisions forprompts and reminders). A focus group conducted identified a lack of nursingeducation on equianalgesic doses and medication side-effects, addiction andwithdrawal as well as a lack of nursing autonomy in treating pain. Interventions to addressthese shortfalls four additive intervention cycles that included shorteducation sessions for nurses, revision of the nurse documentation system forpain evaluation, a nurse reminder system for reassessment, and implementationof a standard pain order set with painscale driven options for analgesia, anda nurse reminder system for pain reassessment. OBJECTIVES OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION: To improve inpatient painmanagement, as measured byreassessment rates and patient satisfaction, by 20% on a singlemedical-surgical ward over a 6-month time period. FINDINGS TO DATE: Nursing education efforts did not have statistically significant impact on post-test scores. Reassessment rates as evaluated by timeseries run charting did show significant improvement by the third cycle.Patient satisfaction scores regarding pain management had not improved by cycle three (before pain protocol instituted). KEY LESSONS LEARNED: Initialfocus groups helped us to realize that potential gaps in nursing knowledge andattitudes. However, quality improvement efforts that include educationalinterventions tend to have minimal effects on systems, as demonstrated in ourstudy. Bycharting the nursing workflow, we realized the need for a reminder system forthe nurses to facilitate their process. Our data showed that such interventions improve reassessment rates andimprove system flow, as the literature suggests, however this did not translate to improved patient satisfaction. We believe that giving nurses autonomy in analgesicmanagement may close this gap, and await implementation of our pain protocol.Delays in protocol implementation may be overcome by earlier involvement of IT resources and senior leadership. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital patient internal medicine pain society total quality management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia documentation drug therapy human information processing leadership nurse nursing nursing education nursing knowledge pain assessment patient satisfaction prevalence recording reminder system satisfaction side effect surgical ward workflow LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-011-1730-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 376 TITLE Remote area indigenous psychiatry - Reflections on nine years as a visiting psychiatrist AUTHOR NAMES Cord-Udy N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cord-Udy N.) Private Practice, Adelaide, Australia. (Cord-Udy N.) Outreach Assistance Program, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Cord-Udy, Private Practice, Adelaide, Australia. SOURCE Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (2011) 45 O1 (A31). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, RANZCP Annual Congress 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Darwin, NT, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-29 to 2011-06-02 ISSN 0004-8674 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare ABSTRACT In November 2001 the author joined the federally funded Medical Specialists Outreach Assistance Program and developed a new visiting psychiatry service to the opal mining town of Coober Pedy in the far north of South Australia. From this work he developed a passionate interest in Aboriginal mental health. He provides regular clinic visits to communities in Central Australia and East Arnhem Land. In this paper the author reflects upon the observations and experiences of his work during the last nine years with particular reference to the following topics: • The challenges of remote area service provision including personal and professional demands and sustainability, the outreach consultation liaison model, and collaboration with remote area staff including GP s, nurses, Aboriginal health workers and psychiatric nurses. The role of technology, the interface with tertiary services in cities and regional centres, the experiences of working for an Aboriginal-controlled health organisation, the role of traditional healers and what has and hasn't worked are also considered in this broad ranging overview. • A specific focus is given to the scourge of petrol sniffing, the introduction of Opal fuel and the legacy of lead as well as the intrusion, normalisation and effects of cannabis abuse, an episode of cluster suicides, the training of psychiatric registrars and medical students through remote area visits and the contrast between different areas reflecting community strength and cultural vibrancy. One aim is to demonstrate the complex but fascinating nature of this particular work. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS fuel gasoline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college New Zealand psychiatrist psychiatry EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Australia cannabis addiction city community consultation health health care personnel hospital indigenous people medical specialist medical student mental health model nurse sniffing suicide technology traditional medicine LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 377 TITLE Buprenorphine for the Treatment of Perinatal Opioid Dependence: Pharmacology and Implications for Antepartum, Intrapartum, and Postpartum Care AUTHOR NAMES Goodman D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goodman D., dgoodman@fchn.org) Franklin Memorial Hospital, Farmington, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Goodman, 111 Franklin Health Commons, Farmington, ME 04938, United States. Email: dgoodman@fchn.org SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2011) 56:3 (240-247). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 1526-9523 1542-2011 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 8403 Colesville Rd,, Ste 1550 Silver Spring MD, United States. ABSTRACT Opioid dependence during pregnancy is associated with significant health risks for both the mother and her fetus. Opioid maintenance therapy with methadone (Dolophine) is the current standard of care, reduces medical and social risks associated with illicit drug use, and decreases rates of prematurity and low birth weight. However, treatment with methadone is frequently associated with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Buprenorphine is an alternative to methadone that preliminary data indicates is equivalent in safety and efficacy to methadone and significantly increases access to treatment. The pharmacology of buprenorphine and its implications for the care of pregnant women with opioid dependence are described. © 2011 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) buprenorphine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug interaction, intradermal drug administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, sublingual drug administration) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS buprenorphine plus naloxone fluoxetine (drug interaction) ibuprofen macrolide (drug interaction) methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug interaction) metronidazole (drug interaction) naloxone (oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics) oxycodone (oral drug administration) oxycodone plus paracetamol paroxetine (drug interaction) sertraline (drug interaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent abuse perinatal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS amenorrhea (side effect) binding affinity breast milk breathing rate combination chemotherapy constipation (side effect) drug absorption drug blood level drug excretion drug metabolism drug potentiation drug receptor binding drug safety gastrointestinal motility human intrapartum care monotherapy nausea (side effect) newborn assessment patient care perinatal period placental transfer pregnancy priority journal puerperium respiration depression (side effect) review side effect (side effect) urine retention (side effect) withdrawal syndrome (side effect) xerostomia (side effect) DRUG TRADE NAMES flagyl paxil prozac suboxone subutex zoloft CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) ibuprofen (15687-27-1, 79261-49-7) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1) naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) paroxetine (61869-08-7) sertraline (79617-96-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011239886 MEDLINE PMID 21535372 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21535372) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-2011.2011.00049.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 378 TITLE Nursing school students' perception of legal and illegal drugs consumption ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Percepción de los estudiantes de una escuela de enfermería acerca del consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas AUTHOR NAMES Bermúdez-Herrera A. Silva M.A.I. Priotto E.M.T. Sampaio J.M.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bermúdez-Herrera A., maiossi@eerp.usp.br) Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador. (Silva M.A.I., maiossi@eerp.usp.br; Priotto E.M.T., elispalmapriotto@hotmail.com; Sampaio J.M.C., enfajulliane@usp.br) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Centro olaborador de la OMS para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en Enfermería, SP, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Bermúdez-Herrera, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre, CEP: 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Email: maiossi@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2011) 19:SPEC. ISSUE (684-690). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT Drugs consumption is as ancient as humanity. It has always existed and is associated with culture, in its historical and social context. The aim of this research is to know and analyze the perception of students from the Nursing School at the University of Guayaquil about legal and illegal drugs consumption. The methodological approach was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory. The sample consisted of eleven first-year students from the Nursing School. Individual and semi structured interviews were used for data collection. Thematic content analysis was adopted, in which five themes were identified: The economic situation, domestic violence, migration of close relatives, influence of the media that surround us, and ignorance about the topic. With a view to enhancing awareness on this hard reality that hurts and prejudices humanity, knowing students' perceptions contributes to identify their needs and create possibilities for health care interventions, particularly health promotion. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Spanish, Portuguese LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 21739048 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21739048) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692011000700004 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 379 TITLE A systematic review of social factors on risk of readmission and death after hospitalization with pneumonia or heart failure: Implications for pay for performance AUTHOR NAMES Calvillo-King L. Lo M. Eubank K. Yunyonying P. Stieglitz H. Arnold D. Halm E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Calvillo-King L.; Lo M.; Eubank K.; Yunyonying P.; Stieglitz H.; Arnold D.) University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, United States. (Halm E.) Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Calvillo-King, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2011) 26 SUPPL. 1 (S225-S226). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 34th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Phoenix, AZ, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-04 to 2011-05-07 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Rates of readmission and death after hospitalization for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and heart failure (HF) are publically reported and will be tied to reimbursement. Safety net hospitals will be disproportionately affected if reimbursement policies do not account for important patient-level social determinants that may increase risk of readmission and death. We performed a systematic review to assess the impact of social factors on readmissions or death in CAP and HF. METHODS: We searched OVID, PubMed and PSYCHINFO for studies published since January 1, 1950. Eligible articles studied CAP or HF, include patient level data, examine ≥ 1 social factor (e.g., sociodemographics, insurance), and use readmission and/or death as the outcome. Studies were abstracted by two investigators using a structured data form ascertaining results [univariate (UV) and multivariate (MV) associations] and methodological quality. Inter-rater discrepancies were resolved by consensus. RESULTS: For CAP, 24 of 64 candidate articles met inclusion criteria. Readmission was the primary outcome for 4 studies, death for 16, and a composite outcome of readmission or death for 4. For HF, 52 of 170 were included. Readmission was the primary outcome for 26 studies, death for 39, and a composite outcome for 4. Thirty-nine percent of articles used administrative datasets, 23% medical records/ interviews, and 38% both. The overall methodological quality was mixed. Few studies rigorously examined social factors besides age, gender and race. Among CAP studies of readmission, only 5 assessed age effects, with 2/5 finding higher UV risk in the elderly, and 1/5 showing a significant MV age association. Six studies assessed gender effects with 3/4 showing higher UV&MV risk in women. Three examined race with 1/3 showing higher UV&MV readmission risk in non-whites. For death, 7/9 found a UV&MV risk for older age; 5/7 higher UV&MV risk in women; and 3/7 for higher UV risk for non-whites (and 2/6 MV race differences). Similarly, for HF studies of readmission, 28 assessed age effects, with 4/10 finding higher UV risk in the elderly, and 1/4 showing a significant MV association. Twenty-six assessed gender with 3/12 showing higher UV risk and 3/5 higher MV risk for women. Eighteen examined race with 6/9 showing higher UV risk and 3/5 higher MV risk for non-whites. For death, 38 assessed age effects with 5/11 showing higher UV risk and 8/13 higher MV risk for older age. Thirty-six assessed gender with 4/11 showing higher UV risk and 8/12 higher MV risk for women. Twenty-two assessed race effects with 3/7 showing higher UV&MV risk for non-whites. A few studies found significant influences of ethnicity, insurance, education, unemployment, nursing home residence, functional status, mental health, and alcoholism, among others on rates of readmission or death. CONCLUSION: Most studies of readmission or death after CAP and HF ignored social factors, though those that looked found significant influences of age, gender, and race as well as others. More research is needed to assess the impact of deeper level social variables on risk of post-DC outcomes. Pay-for-Performance policies should adjust for the impact of social determinants of adverse post-hospital outcomes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) death heart failure hospital readmission hospitalization internal medicine pneumonia risk social aspect society systematic review EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcoholism community acquired pneumonia consensus education ethnicity female functional status gender hospital human insurance interview Medline mental health nursing home patient policy race difference reimbursement safety unemployment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-011-1730-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 380 TITLE Risk and protection factors related to the consumption of psychoactive substances in undergraduate nursing students ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Factores de riesgo y de protección relacionados con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de enfermería AUTHOR NAMES Morales B.N. Plazas M. Sanchez R. Ventura C.A.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morales B.N., blanca.n.morales@gmail.com) Facultad de Enfermería, Fundación Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia. (Plazas M., mplazas@fucsalud.edu.co) Fundación Universitaria Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia. (Ventura C.A.A., caaventura@eerp.usp.br) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Centro Colaborador de la OMS para el esarrollo de la Investigación en Enfermería, SP, Brazil. (Sanchez R., rfsanches@uol.com.br) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. A. A. Ventura, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre, CEP: 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Email: caaventura@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2011) 19:SPEC. ISSUE (673-683). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This study aims to identify the frequency of risk and protection factors related to drug consumption among undergraduate nursing students. It is a cross-sectional study in which authors applied the instrument Risk and Protection Factors for the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances, validated for use with undergraduate nursing students. Data were analyzed through STATA 10. Three hundred and ninety students participated in the study. The domain "prejudice and appraisal", "social permissiveness and access to psychoactive substances", "social skills and self-control" are risk factors for drugs use in 100% of participants. "Spirituality" and "satisfaction with interpersonal relations" were predominant protective domains. Based on data, authors can conclude that the students did not consider the risks in alcohol and tobacco consumption, as they think it is normal and socially acceptable. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study female human male questionnaire risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Spanish, Portuguese LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 21739047 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21739047) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 381 TITLE Experiences and meanings of the drugs phenomenon in nursing students ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Experiencias y significados sobre el fenómeno de las drogas en estudiantes de enfermería AUTHOR NAMES Meza-Benavides M.A. Furegato A.R.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Meza-Benavides M.A., marymeza1@yahoo.com) Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. (Furegato A.R.F., furegato@eerp.usp.br) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Centro Colaborador de la OMS para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en Enfermería, SP, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. R. F. Furegato, Universidade de São Paulo, Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre, CEP: 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Email: furegato@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2011) 19:SPEC. ISSUE (691-698). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify the meanings and experiences of nursing students regarding the drugs phenomenon. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview. Data analysis showed five theme categories. Of the 40 subjects in the sample, between 19 and 24 years old, 28 were women. Three had never received information about drugs, and most had had experiences with consumers or had consumed drugs. In Costa Rica, this problem is associated with stigma and traffic. They recognize that everyone is responsible, and consent with the State's contradictory attitude through tobacco company advertisements and complicity with distilleries. They acknowledge the importance of prevention and consider that the current approach of this issue is not appropriate. They would like it to be incorporated in their education, providing strategies on how to act and relate with drugs consumers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Spanish, Portuguese LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 21739049 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21739049) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692011000700005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 382 TITLE Knowledge on drugs phenomenon by students and faculty from the medical school at universidad mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Conocimiento sobre el fenómeno de las drogas en entre estudiantes y docentes de la facultad de medicina universidad mayor de san andrés, La Paz, Bolivia AUTHOR NAMES Navia-Bueno M.P. Farah-Bravo J. Yaksic-Feraudy N. Philco-Lima P. Takayanagui A.M.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Navia-Bueno M.P.) IINSAD, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia. (Farah-Bravo J.; Yaksic-Feraudy N.) IINSAD, Brazil. (Philco-Lima P.) (Takayanagui A.M.M., ammtakay@eerp.usp.br) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Centro Colaborador de la OMS para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en Enfermería, SP, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. M. M. Takayanagui, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre, CEP: 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Email: ammtakay@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2011) 19:SPEC. ISSUE (722-729). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to identify the degree of knowledge of students and health educators on licit and illicit drugs, related to the type, classification, action, mechanisms damages, consequences and adverse effects, besides use and consumption. A cross-sectional methodological design was used, with a sample of 172 students, professors and residents in medicine and nursing at Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Bolivia. The results reveal weak knowledge on the classification of psychotropic substances according to structure, chemical property and effects for health, highlighting significant difference with knowledge on licit and illicit drugs use, with high percentages. In conclusion, there is lack of knowledge in all groups studied on licit and illicit drugs regarding the consequences and adverse effects. This confirms the need to improve teaching on this content in health schools. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health medical school medical student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Bolivia female human male LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Portuguese, Spanish LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Portuguese, Spanish MEDLINE PMID 21739053 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21739053) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692011000700009 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 383 TITLE Licit drugs consumption among nursing students at a private university in Bogotá, Colombia ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Consumo de drogas lícitas en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad privada en Bogotá, Colombia AUTHOR NAMES López-Maldonado M.C. Luis M.A.V. Gherardi-Donato E.C.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (López-Maldonado M.C., mclopez@javeriana.edu.co) Facultad de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. (Luis M.A.V., margarit@eerp.usp.br; Gherardi-Donato E.C.S., nane@eerp.usp.br) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Centro Colaborador de la OMS para el Desarrollo de la Investigación en Enfermería, SP, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. A. V. Luis, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre, CEP: 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Email: margarit@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2011) 19:SPEC. ISSUE (707-713). Date of Publication: May-June 2011 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study aimed to establish the consumption of licit psychoactive substances in a sample of 237 nursing students at a private university in the city of Bogota, Colombia; and relate it with independent study variables: age, sex, marital status, semester, number of children, work and living together. Fagerström's Tolerance questionnaire was used to evaluate the gravity of nicotine dependence and the AUDIT to evaluate alcohol dependence. Confidentiality was guaranteed through the self administered Questionnaire and anonymous survey. Univariate analysis was used. Relevant data in this population was tobacco consumption in about 24 % and alcohol in 82%. The level of tobacco dependence corresponded to 5 (8.5%) students with slight dependence, 42 (72%) with average dependence and 12 (20%) with high dependence. When relating tobacco and alcohol consumption, 98 % of the students who smoke consume alcohol. The percentage of students who never drink was higher in the group of non smokers (23%) than among smokers (1.72%). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) nursing student smoking (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article Colombia cross-sectional study female health human male organization and management university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, Spanish, Portuguese LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 21739051 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21739051) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692011000700007 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 384 TITLE Alcohol withdrawal in the critical care unit AUTHOR NAMES Corfee F.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Corfee F.A., flora.corfee@acu.edu.au) Australian Catholic University (Aquinas), School of Nursing and Midwifery, PO Box 650, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.A. Corfee, Australian Catholic University (Aquinas), School of Nursing and Midwifery, PO Box 650, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia. Email: flora.corfee@acu.edu.au SOURCE Australian Critical Care (2011) 24:2 (110-116). Date of Publication: May 2011 ISSN 1036-7314 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland. ABSTRACT Managing acute alcohol withdrawal in critical care presents a unique challenge to the critical care nurse. The prominence of alcohol use within the Australian community means that many critical care admissions involve acute alcohol withdrawal, an alcohol induced illness, or indeed an unrelated admission with underlying heavy alcohol intake.Current statistics suggest 1 in 5 Australians drink to 'risky' levels each month. This suggests that most critical care nurses will encounter a patient who is experiencing active withdrawal from alcohol, often without clear physiological symptomatology. Acute alcohol withdrawal delirium can be difficult to distinguish from other forms of delirium and in the absence of a comprehensive history, alcohol withdrawal and its sequelae may go untreated.Contemporary management guidelines for alcohol withdrawal suggest a common framework of first line benzodiazepine usage, with emerging research focusing on adjunctive therapy aimed at reducing benzodiazepine doses, and therefore reducing length of stay in the critical care unit. The controversial therapy of ethanol infusion and common assessment and withdrawal scales are examined in relation to their usefulness in critical care.Alcohol withdrawal management in critical care necessitates careful nursing assessment, including alcohol usage history, delirium management, withdrawal assessment and symptomatic relief using an evidence-based protocol. © 2010 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol (drug therapy) benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) delirium tremens intensive care nursing assessment withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Australia human intensive care unit nursing review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20870419 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20870419) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2010.08.005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 385 TITLE Point-of-care testing: Is it a must in pediatrics? AUTHOR NAMES Hicks J.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hicks J.M., hicksjmb@gmail.com) Pediatrics and Pathology, George Washington Medical Center, Washington, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Hicks, Pediatrics and Pathology, George Washington Medical Center, Washington, United States. Email: hicksjmb@gmail.com SOURCE Clinical Biochemistry (2011) 44:7 (516-517). Date of Publication: May 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 12th International Congress of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, ICPLM 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Berlin, Germany CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-13 to 2011-05-15 ISSN 0009-9120 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Point-of-care testing (POCT) is generally considered to be testing performed close to the patient, either at the bedside (in-patient), or in clinics (out-patient) and at home. Innovative analytical and robust technologies have allowed pediatric centers to embrace POCT. Test results can be downloaded into the central laboratory computer. It has been driven by the need for quicker results either in emergency type settings or in clinics where the doctor would like the test results before the patient leaves the office setting. POCT is now growing both in volume and the different types of tests that are available. There are exciting new technologies that are being introduced for evaluation of HIV and chlamydia in outlying clinics in the developing world such as in Sub-Saharan Africa. POCT devices are being used in ambulances and helicopters, and many are found in supermarkets and chemists' shops for home testing. Point-of-care testing facilitates quicker results. Usually the time from the arrival of a specimen in the laboratory to the result reaching the physician is greater than one hour. The time fromthe time the patient has the specimen drawn to the result can be up to three hours. The time from the physician's need for the test to an action based on the results can be very variable, but may be several hours. POCT allows the time from the physician's request for a test to the result to be less than five minutes. When setting up a POCT program there aremany issues that need to be addressed such aswhat tests should be offered and inwhat locations, responsibilities, training, certification and connectivity. In terms of locations in pediatrics, all blood gases should be done by POCT, whatever the location of the patient. This is especially true for the Neonatal and Intensive CareUnits and the EmergencyDepartment. In most cases, basic electrolyte determinations should be done by POCT. Sometimes this is not appropriate if other necessary tests are not available by POCT, and it is therefore inadvisable to do specimen splitting, with one for the bedside andone for the central lab.One always must keep blood specimens down to a minimum in pediatrics. Examples of the location of testing in the neonatal and intensive care settings are seen in Figs. 1 and 2. There are many other locations for POCT testing such as glucose and urinalysis testing in other wards, the need for occult blood testing for gastroenterology patients and pregnancy and drugs of abuse testing for adolescents. There is a kit available in the UK that allows parents to check their children's urine for six of the most commonly used illicit drugs Tests for Glucose, HbA(1c) and microalbumin can be performed in clinics that handle diabetic patients. Other clinics may also test for streptococcal throat infections or urinary tract infections in children using POCT. Clearly, glucose testing in the home for Type 1 diabetic children is a must. In the best programs, a diabetic educator will teach the parents, and the child, if old enough, to do the testing. The laboratory should work closely with these diabetic educators to choose the most reliable equipment and one that agrees closely with the laboratory. Amajor consideration in a POCT programis decidingwho doeswhat. In my experience, nurses, respiratory therapists and patient care technicians can do testing. Nurses and laboratory staff carry out training. The quality control is the responsibility of nurse educators and the POCT coordinator. The final oversight of Quality Control and certification belongs to the clinical laboratory. The American Association for Clinical Chemistry offers a program for certification of POCT Coordinators that involves eight courses The charting and downloading of results into the computer is performed by the nursing staff. Even in a small pediatric hospital the burden of training is quite onerous; as many as 600 nurses need to be trained for competency every six months. In any POCT programit is necessary to have an oversight committee. This should be comprised of The Laboratory Director, The Point-of-Care Coordinator, Nursing Representatives, Educators/Trainers, A Performance Improvement Specialist, A Clinician and An Information Systems Specialist (as needed). For accurate records and avoidance of transcriptional errors it is highly recommended that all POCT equipment be connected to the Laboratory Information System. This allows the capture of Quality Control results, data for the patient's record and, in the US, accurate billing. It is often thought that the cost of doing tests by POCT is high, but in fact this is not so if all costs are considered, they are equal or less expensive than in the central laboratory. As whole blood is used for POCT tests there is no time taken to centrifuge and separate the specimens and there is also no transport time involved. The amount of time for performing quality control is very little and the expense is negligible. There is generally little or no calibration required. Nursing staff performs the tests, and therefore fewer laboratory staff are needed. Initially nursing staff thought their jobs would be made more stressful by doing POCT, but results are obtained immediately, and it was no longer necessary to keep checking the computer or telephoning the laboratory to find out whether results were ready. In summary, the key advantages of POCT testing are thatwhole blood is generally used for testing, there is much improved communications between the nursing and laboratory staff, it is more cost effective, and importantly it leads to improved physician and patient satisfaction. (Graph presented) The true challenges are themassive trainingrequired, the need for an oversight committee and not always being able to establish connectivity with all POCT equipment. Perceived challenges are the possible threat to job security, reliability and cost. It is interesting to note that the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of The National Institutes of Health in the US considers POCT so essential that it has established a POC TechnologiesResearchNetwork to bridge the technology/clinical gap and provide partnerships necessary for applications of technologies to the pressing needs of POC testing. My thoughts are that a POCT programgreatly enhances patient care in pediatrics. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS electrolyte glucose hemoglobin A1c illicit drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) laboratory pediatrics point of care testing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse adolescent Africa ambulance blood blood gas centrifuge certification child Chlamydia clinical chemistry clinical laboratory computer devices diabetes mellitus diabetic patient emergency female gastroenterology helicopter hospital human Human immunodeficiency virus information system intensive care interpersonal communication job security medical record medical specialist national health organization nurse nursing nursing staff occult blood parent patient patient care patient satisfaction pediatric hospital pharyngitis physician plant leaf pregnancy quality control reliability respiratory therapist responsibility technology United Kingdom urinalysis urinary tract infection urine ward work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.03.021 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 386 TITLE Psychoeducation and shared decision making as a way to reduce non-compliance in mental disorders AUTHOR NAMES Leucht S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Leucht S.) Technische Universität München, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Leucht, Technische Universität München, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 21 SUPPL. 2 (S109-S110). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 11th ECNP Regional Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION St. Petersburg, Russian Federation CONFERENCE DATE 2011-04-14 to 2011-04-16 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Non-compliance is a very important issue in the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. This is not a ''yes or no'' phenomenon. We often think in a dichotomous way about compliance in the sense that patients are either adherent or not, but probably com-pliance is rather a continuum. Some patients are fully adherent and others refuse medication in general, but most patients are probably somewhere in the middle, they are partially compliant, i.e. they sometimes forget to take the medication or they take 'drug holidays'. Studies based on medication refills have, however, shown that even small gaps in taking medication are associated with increased rates of hospitalisation. In one of these trials even a small medication gap between 1 and 10 days doubled the number of patients hospitalised. It also seems that the introduction of the atypical antipsychotics has not dramatically changed the problem of non-compliance. In another large pharmacy-based study, in the atypical group patients did not have medication available because they did not even go to the pharmacy for an average of 110 days per year. This number of days was only slightly higher in the typical antipsychotic group (125 days per year). There are a number of factors that contribute to noncompliance, reduced cognitive capabilities, substance abuse, denial of the illness, side-effects etc. Importantly, doctors play animportant role in patients non-adherence, as well, a phenomenon that has been called ''doctors' non compliance''. In a study from approximately 15 years ago psychiatrists in German state hospitals were asked about how long patients with several episodes of schizophrenia should receive maintenance treatment with an antipsychotic. Surprisingly, there was little consensus either between the different hospitals or within the same hospital, because even in the same hospital doctors had very different opinions about this issue. As this study was carried out at a time when guideline recommendations were just being made available, a recent study from our group tried to replicate the findings using a slightly different design. 50 doctors and 100 of their patients were asked about the guideline recommendation on duration of aintenance treatment. The theoretical knowledge on the duration of mainte-nance treatment was clearly improved. For 75% of their patients the doctors knew the guideline recommendation. However, they communicated the correct recommendation to only 33% of their patients and when the patients were asked about what the doctors had recommended to them, the answer was correct in only 11% of the patients. When it comes to patient non-compliance depot medication is an obviously useful tool to enhance adherence, because medication intake is assured and because the doctor immediately knows when the patient stops taking the medication. But there are also a num-ber of psychotherapeutic interventions that have been investigated. The first one is compliance therapy, a method based on motivational interviewing combined with cognitive behavioural components. Unfortunately, after the promising results of an initial RCT, subsequent RCTs could not confirm the adherence improving effects of this strategy. The second important option is psychoeducation. Psychoeducation-usually performed by means of a few group sessions-can be provided for both patients and their relatives. The effects of this intervention have been demonstrated in various studies and meta-analyses. Nevertheless, there is a problem of resources. A survey in all German speaking countries showed that only 21% of patients and only 6% of relatives took part in psychoeducation in 2003 (1). One of the reasons is that although psychoeducation is relatively easy to apply, busy doctors and nurses do not have the time to establish their own programme. Therefore, novel approaches try to establish 'peer-to-peer' psychoeducation. Here, psychoeducation is provided by patients for other patients or by relatives for relatives of other patients. This may help to increase the available resources. Furthermore, pilot studies have shown that one of the major advantages is the credibility of the peer oderators. If another patient or a family member runs the sessions, their recommendations can be more credible for the participants than if the sessions are run by health professionals. Finally, the concept of ''shared decision making'' has recently been introduced. Shared decision making lies somewhere between the standard ''paternalistic model'' and so-called ''informed choice''. The ''paternalistic model'' assumes that the doctor knows what is best for the patient and he makes a recommendation. Therole of the patient is to adhere to the recommendation, while the doctor is fully responsible. In some countries ''informed choice'' is for example used for vaccination recommendations before travels to tropical countries. All the necessary information is provided to the travellers who must decide himself whether they want to be vaccinated or not. Shared decision is somewhere in the middle: patients are well informed about the available options so that they are able to participate in a ''decision talk'' with the doctor. Both share the responsibility for the decision. A first cluster-randomised trial has been carried out in Germany and found in the acutephase that participants in the shared decision making group felt significantly more involved (2). At long-term follow-up there was a trend of fewer rehospitalisations (3). These data suggest that shared decision making is a promising concept in schizophrenia that should be further developed and investigated. Disclosure statement: Stefan Leucht received speaker/ consultancy/advisory board honoraria from SanofiAventis, BMS, Actelion, EliLilly, Essex Pharma, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen/Johnson and Johnson, Lundbeck and Pfizer. SanofiAventis and EliLilly supported research projects by SL. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS atypical antipsychotic agent neuroleptic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) decision making mental disease psychoeducation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS consensus drug therapy follow up general aspects of disease Germany health practitioner hospital hospital physician leisure maintenance therapy meta analysis model nurse patient pharmacy physician pilot study psychiatrist responsibility schizophrenia side effect speech substance abuse therapy travel tropics vaccination LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(11)70117-1 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 387 TITLE Alcohol-related brief interventions as a criterion for American college of surgeons level i trauma center verification: How best to train the interventionists? AUTHOR NAMES London J.A. Dunn C.W. Utter G.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (London J.A., Jason.a.london@kp.org) Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente, South Sacramento, 6600 Bruceville Road, Sacramento, CA 95823, United States. (London J.A., Jason.a.london@kp.org; Utter G.H.) Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States. (Dunn C.W.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. A. London, Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente, South Sacramento, 6600 Bruceville Road, Sacramento, CA 95823, United States. Email: Jason.a.london@kp.org SOURCE Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care (2011) 70:4 (931-938). Date of Publication: April 2011 ISSN 0022-5282 1529-8809 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, United States. ABSTRACT Background: The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma recently required that Level I trauma centers have the capability to perform counseling in the form of brief interventions (BIs) for injured patients identified as problem drinkers. However, it is not yet known what type of training is optimal for trauma center personnel who will conduct these BIs. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study at the University of California, Davis Medical Center, a Level I trauma center. We compared two methods of training trauma nurse practitioners (NPs) without prior counseling expertise to conduct BIs: formal workshop training versus "on-the-job" (OTJ) training. throughout the text. Is this OK? - We also evaluated whether a further "booster" training session would improve BI skills. We assessed BI skills in blinded fashion during interviews with a standardized patient actor using a 21-point checklist of BI counseling tasks ("FLO" score). Results: Nine workshop- and five OTJ-trained NPs participated. FLO scores did not markedly differ between the two groups after initial training (total FLO score, 9.6 ± 2.4 and 7.8 ± 0.4, workshop vs. OTJ, respectively; 95% confidence interval of difference, -4.1 to 0.6). FLO scores did however improve in both groups after booster training (9.1 ± 2.0 and 16.0 ± 2.2, time 1 vs. time 2, respectively; 95% confidence interval of difference, 4.7-9.1). The magnitude of improvement in FLO scores after the booster session did not differ between the workshop and OTJ groups. Conclusion: In preparing NPs to conduct BIs, OTJ training by an experienced peer does not seem to differ markedly from workshop training by expert counselors. Interventionist knowledge and performance can be improved in the short term by follow-up training. This indicates that NP's taught by either method should undergo periodic continuing education to maintain the necessary skill set for performing BIs. Copyright © 2011 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brief intervention clinical education nurse practitioner on the job training patient counseling workshop EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cohort analysis comparative effectiveness controlled study female human human experiment injury intermethod comparison interview male normal human nursing competence priority journal prospective study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00278785) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011216243 MEDLINE PMID 21610398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21610398) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/TA.0b013e3182127b0b COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 388 TITLE HIV/AIDS awareness in those diagnosed with mental illness AUTHOR NAMES Ngwena J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ngwena J., jerry.ngwena@tvu.ac.uk) Thames Valley University, Brentford, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Ngwena, Thames Valley University Paragon, House Boston Manor Road, Brentford TW8 9GA, United Kingdom. Email: jerry.ngwena@tvu.ac.uk SOURCE Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing (2011) 18:3 (213-220). Date of Publication: April 2011 ISSN 1351-0126 1365-2850 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to increase among the general population. Previous studies in this field focused mainly on the 'at-risk' groups such as homosexuals, prostitutes, intravenous drug users, bisexual men and women. Mentally ill men and women remain one of the subgroups understudied and yet continue to show disproportionately high levels of seroprevalence. The purpose of this study was to elucidate awareness of the risk factors associated with HIV transmission and development of AIDS in those diagnosed with mental illness. Using questionnaires, information regarding HIV method of transmission, knowledge on HIV/AIDS and at-risk behaviour awareness was obtained from 30 subjects in an acute psychiatric mental health unit (13 women and 17 men). Significant association between different variables was determined at 95.5% confidence level (P=0.05). Assessment of HIV/AIDS awareness and at-risk behaviour awareness revealed significant knowledge deficit among this subject group. The outcome of this study underscores the need to introduce intervention programmes tailored to individual needs of the mentally ill. Measures such as 'at-risk sexual' behaviours should be incorporated into the current assessment process or profile so that accurate information and informed judgement can be reached regarding client or patient sexual behaviour. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health health promotion Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention) mental disease safe sex EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult article disease transmission female high risk behavior human male marriage middle aged nursing psychiatric diagnosis sexual behavior United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21395913 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21395913) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01657.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 389 TITLE Up in smoke! Treating tobacco addiction in the hospital and policy implications AUTHOR NAMES Shah L. Press V. Krishnan J. Suresh K. Arora V. Meltzer D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shah L.) Avalere Health, Washington, United States. (Press V.; Krishnan J.; Suresh K.; Arora V.; Meltzer D.) University of Chicago, Chicago, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Shah, Avalere Health, Washington, United States. SOURCE Journal of Hospital Medicine (2011) 6:4 SUPPL. 2 (S69-S70). Date of Publication: April 2011 CONFERENCE NAME Hospital Medicine 2011, HM 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Grapevine, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2011-05-10 to 2011-05-13 ISSN 1553-5592 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Inc. ABSTRACT Background: Hospital-based tobacco cessation counseling is critical, especially among African Americans, who suffer a disproportionate burden of tobacco-related disease. Recently updated cessation guidelines are available, and quality measures for counseling are tied to physician reimbursement. Yet previous research showed only 10% of patients with tobacco-related disease quit smoking postdischarge. This study aimed to understand barriers to providing guidelinebased care for inpatient smokers. Methods: Current smoking inpatients were identified and interviewed at admission about smoking behaviors and cessation barriers. In addition, providers were surveyed regarding barriers to following guidelines for tobacco cessation. At discharge, interns, residents, and nurses caring for enrolled smokers were interviewed regarding their awareness of tobacco cessation guidelines, any tobacco cessation guideline-based care they offered to the patient, and their assessments of individual patient readiness to quit. Results: From September 2008 to July 2009, 225 of 289 hospitalized smokers (78%) participated in the study. Of the 225 patients, 193 (86%) were African American, and 77 (34%) had a discharge diagnosis of a tobacco-related illness. A total of 196 provider surveys were completed; these included 102 surveys of interns and residents rotating on the general medicine service and 94 surveys of medicine ward nurses caring for enrolled smokers at discharge. Of the 102 house staff surveys, physicians reported being aware that the patient was a smoker 77% of the time and offering tobacco cessation advice to these smokers 60% of the time. This advice consisted of at least 10 minutes of counseling only 18% of the time. House staff reported referring known smokers to an onsite tobacco cessation program only 10% of the time. Similarly, nurses were aware a patient was a smoker 77% of the time. In these cases, nurses reported they gave advice to quit 59% of the time and spent at least 10 minutes counseling patients on quitting only 13% of the time. They referred patients to an onsite tobacco cessation clinic in only 13% of cases. All providers cited multiple reasons for lack of counseling and lack of referral to a postdischarge clinic including time constraints, a lack of prioritization, a belief that individual patients were not ready to quit, and a lack of awareness of tobacco cessation guidelines or postdischarge options. Conclusions: Hospitalization is a missed opportunity to counsel on tobacco cessation, with few patients quitting postdischarge and few providers delivering evidence-based care. Despite quality measures for assessing tobacco use and advising patients to quit, health care providers face many challenges to implementing guideline- based tobacco cessation care in the hospital. Quality measures may need to be expanded to further promote the use of evidence-based methods. Health care providers may benefit from training and support in promoting tobacco cessation at all stages of the care continuum. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital policy smoke tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS African American counseling diagnosis evidence based practice general aspects of disease general practice health care personnel hospital patient hospitalization nurse patient physician reimbursement resident smoking tobacco ward LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhm.920 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 390 TITLE Recognition of child maltreatment as a result of parents presenting to hospital AUTHOR NAMES Hodes D. Smith P. Begent J. Gilbert R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hodes D.; Smith P.; Begent J.) Paediatrics, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. (Gilbert R.) Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Hodes, Paediatrics, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. SOURCE Archives of Disease in Childhood (2011) 96 SUPPL. 1 (A94). Date of Publication: April 2011 CONFERENCE NAME Annual Conference of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, RCPCH 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Warwick, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2011-04-05 to 2011-04-07 ISSN 0003-9888 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group ABSTRACT Aims: There is increasing recognition of the safeguarding needs of children whose parents are affected by domestic violence (DV), mental health problems and substance misuse highlighted in Local Safeguarding Board Child Protection Procedures. Acute hospital trusts maybe one of the fi rst points of recognition of the parental problems. However there is little evidence demonstrating awareness among staff of adult presentations might lead to protection of their vulnerable children. Our hospital procedures suggest a child and family referral to social care in these situations. We aimed to measure the pattern of referrals to the hospital child and family social worker when the presenting adult causes concern about their children. Method All emergency department, paediatric and other departmental staff were trained to consider the implications of adult presentation with DV, alcohol/drug misuse, mental health problems for their children. Data about such referrals is collected monthly. Results: Referrals increased between 2008 and 2009. Of cases reported to named nurse in 2008, 94/320 (30%) were children who were reported through their parents presenting to the hospital. The total numbers referred in 2009 increased to 549 with 164 referred through their parents with the proportion remaining at 30%. The concerns were because of DV/assault, 33 (35%) in 2008 and 56 (34%) in 2009; mental health problems increased from 14 (15%) in 2008 to 43 (26%) in 2009. For substance misuse and overdose the proportion was the approximately the same between the years, average 19% and 8% respectively. There was improved data collection with 23% classified as other in 2008 but 13% in 2009. There was a parallel doubling in the proportion of referrals that came from the hospital to the local Child and Family Social Care; 11% in 2005 versus 22% in 2009. Conclusions The needs of children whose parents present to hospital are rarely considered. The audit shows that with increased training and hospital guidelines, referrals related to parent presentations increase. Many of these cases required liaison with social care, police, education and primary care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child child health college hospital human parent pediatrics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult domestic violence education emergency ward information processing intoxication medical audit mental health nurse police primary medical care protection social care social worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2011.212563.219 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 391 TITLE Heatwaves and their impact on people with alcohol, drug and mental health conditions: A discussion paper on clinical practice considerations AUTHOR NAMES Cusack L. de Crespigny C. Athanasos P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cusack L., lynette.cusack@flinders.edu.au) Research Fellow (Population Health),School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. (de Crespigny C.) Drug and Alcohol Nursing, Joint Chair,Discipline of Nursing and Drug and Alcohol Services of South Australia, University of Adelaide, Australia. (Athanasos P.) Coordinator of Addiction and Mental Health Programs,Discipline of Nursing, University of Adelaide, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Cusack, Research Fellow (Population Health),School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. Email: lynette.cusack@flinders.edu.au SOURCE Journal of Advanced Nursing (2011) 67:4 (915-922). Date of Publication: April 2011 ISSN 0309-2402 1365-2648 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim. This article discusses the clinical implications of adverse health outcomes derived during heatwaves for people with mental health disorders, substance misuse and those taking prescribed medications such as lithium, various neuroleptic and anticholinergic drugs. Background. With climate change it is predicted that the incidence of prolonged periods of extreme heat will increase. Specific adverse health outcomes associated with high environmental temperatures include heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Those at increased risk for heat-related mortality are those with chronic health conditions, including those with mental health disorders and substance misuse. Data sources. Sources of evidence included and 'grey' literature published between 1985 and 2010, such as key texts, empirical research, public policies, training manuals and community information sheets on heat waves. Discussion. Current clinical practice and clinical impact of heatwaves on those people with comorbidity is explored. This includes the physiological components of heat stress, heat regulation, and the impact of alcohol and other drugs; and, ramifications and professional practice issues for those with mental health conditions and those requiring mental health medications. Implications for nursing. Client education covering modification of the environment and the use of client heat safety action plans. Secure, accessible stores of prescribed medication are recommended and emergency substance withdrawal kits could be made available. Conclusion. All nurses have a responsibility to increase the capability and resilience of their clients to manage their chronic health needs during a heatwave. At these times nurses need to give extra monitoring and assistance when clients lack the capacity or resources to protect themselves. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of Advanced Nursing © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) clinical protocol disaster medicine heat (adverse drug reaction) heat injury (epidemiology, etiology) mental disease (drug therapy, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia (epidemiology) chronic disease comorbidity drinking behavior (adverse drug reaction) drug effect emergency health service female greenhouse effect human infant male nurse attitude nursing pathophysiology patient education physiology risk factor thermoregulation utilization review withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, etiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21214621 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21214621) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05551.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 392 TITLE Attitude towards mental illnesses among paramedical professionals and junior doctors AUTHOR NAMES Solanki C.K. Vankar G.K. Prikh M.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Solanki C.K.; Vankar G.K.; Prikh M.N.) Department of Psychiatry, B.J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.K. Solanki, Department of Psychiatry, B.J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. SOURCE Indian Journal of Psychiatry (2011) 53:5 SUPPL. 1 (S6). Date of Publication: April 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 63rd Annual National Conference of the Indian Psychiatric Society, ANCIPS 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION New Delhi, India CONFERENCE DATE 2011-01-16 to 2011-01-19 ISSN 0019-5545 BOOK PUBLISHER Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Attitudes of paramedical and medical professionals to psychiatric illness are important for referral and use of mental health facilities by general people. Knowledge of psychiatric disorders and experience of working with psychiatric patients may be responsible for positive attitudes. Aim: Our aim was to assess attitude towards different mental illnesses among different paramedical professionals and to know impact of education and work experience on attitudes towards mental illnesses. Materials and Methods: We included nursing staff, nursing students and junior doctors from our hospital and students of clinical psychology from a private deaddiction centre. Study design was cross sectional. Attitudes to Mental illness Questionnaire was used with modifications and addition of demographic details. Experience of working with psychiatric patients and of attending mental health primary care program also were included. Results: Attitudes towards drug abuse, depression, alcohol abuse and schizophrenia were negative. Anxiety spectrum disorders, conversion and dissociative disorder showed positive attitudes. Subjects with experience of working with psychiatric patients and experience of mental health primary care showed more positive attitudes. Conclusions: There is need of developing program containing knowledge of mental health and practical experience of psychiatric patients in curriculum of paramedical and medical profession and of restructuring present curriculum to develop positive attitudes to mental illnesses for benefit of community. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human Indian medical society mental disease paramedical personnel physician EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse anxiety clinical psychology community curriculum diseases dissociative disorder drug abuse education health care facility hospital medical profession mental health mental patient nursing staff nursing student primary medical care questionnaire schizophrenia student study design work experience LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 393 TITLE Stress and burnout in Nurse Anesthesia AUTHOR NAMES Chipas A. McKenna D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chipas A., chipas@musc.edu; McKenna D., mckenna@musc.edu) Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Chipas, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States. Email: chipas@musc.edu SOURCE AANA Journal (2011) 79:2 (122-128). Date of Publication: April 2011 ISSN 0094-6354 BOOK PUBLISHER AANA Publishing Inc., 222 South Prospect Road, Park Ridge, United States. ABSTRACT This study was designed to determine the current level of stress and its physical manifestations in Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) and student registered nurse anesthetists. It also looked at coping mechanisms individuals commonly employ to combat the effects of stress. The study used data collected between February and May 2008 using a Stress and Burnout Survey on an online survey tool (SurveyMonkey). The fiscal year 2008 president of the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, Wanda Wilson, CRNA, PhD, distributed a link to this survey in 2 electronic requests to approximately 28,000 nurse anesthesia providers. The response rate was 26.9% (N = 7,537). Based on responses and comments, recommendations can be made for future wellness interventions for the Association and for individuals. © 2011 AANA. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) burnout nurse anesthetist stress EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult agitation alcohol abuse annoyance article bruxism childbirth concentration loss confusion coping behavior financial management habit headache heart arrhythmia human hypertension infertility injury interpersonal stress job change job satisfaction malpractice marriage normal human pregnancy retirement substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Anesthesiology (24) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011214905 MEDLINE PMID 21560975 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21560975) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 394 TITLE Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy - Mending a broken heart AUTHOR NAMES Teehan S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Teehan S.) St James's Hospital, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Teehan, St James's Hospital, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. SOURCE European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2011) 10 SUPPL. 1 (S17). Date of Publication: April 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 11th Annual Spring Meeting on Cardiovascular Nursing CONFERENCE LOCATION Brussels, Belgium CONFERENCE DATE 2011-04-01 to 2011-04-02 ISSN 1474-5151 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Purpose: To review the incidence of Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy / Broken Heart Syndrome over 12mths in a single cardiology center. Background: Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy (TTC) was first recognised in Japan in 1990 - characterised by acute reversible apical ventricular dysfunction secondary to an acute stressful trigger. The aetiology of this condition has been identified in the literature as (a) Sudden emotional or physical stressful event (b) Surge in plasma catecholamine levels (c) Myocardial stunning with normal coronary blood flow. Available research demonstrates that 70-80% are post-menopausal, 65-80% are precipated by stress and 7% of female ACS patients have TTC. Methods and Results: Over 12mths all emergency patients with suspected Myocardial Infarcts (MI) and Non-ST elevation MI's were prospectively reviewed with a diagnosis of Normal Coronaries which lead to Left ventriculograms been performed. A total of 9 Patients were diagnosed with having TTC. n=9 Age 58-75 Female 9 Hyperlipidemia 3 Hypertension 2 Diabetes 0 Family Hx CAD 3 Smoker (including ex-smokers) 4 Depression 2 Excessive Alcoholism 0 Stress - related to death of Loved one 4 Stress - related to traumatic event 3 Stress - related to Medical Illness (Non-Cardiac) 2 Conclusions: Awareness of this condition, potential complications and good history taking is vital. Prognosis for TTC is excellent however as Cardiology Nurse Specialists education of this condition is pivotal in ensuring a great recovery. Clinical features, Nature of the syndrome - including reversibility and low rate of occurence needs to be addressed with our patients. Effective coping mechanisms requires assessment, referral to a psychologist and education regarding the importance of follow-up to confirm resolution thereby ensuring quality of care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiomyopathy cardiovascular nursing heart takotsubo cardiomyopathy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism anamnesis cardiology catecholamine blood level clinical feature coping behavior coronary artery blood flow death diabetes mellitus diagnosis education emergency patient etiology female follow up general aspects of disease heart infarction heart ventricle function hyperlipidemia hypertension Japan medical specialist non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction nurse patient prognosis psychologist smoking stunned heart muscle LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-5151(11)60066-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 395 TITLE Examination of insomnia and insomnia treatment in psychiatric inpatients AUTHOR NAMES Haynes P.L. Parthasarathy S. Kersh B. Bootzin R.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haynes P.L., thaynes@email.arizona.edu; Parthasarathy S.) Southern Arizona VA Health Care System, Tucson, AZ, United States. (Haynes P.L., thaynes@email.arizona.edu; Bootzin R.R.) Departments of Psychiatry, Tucson, AZ, United States. (Haynes P.L., thaynes@email.arizona.edu; Bootzin R.R.) Departments of Psychology, Tucson, AZ, United States. (Parthasarathy S.) Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States. (Kersh B.) New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.L. Haynes, Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System, University of Arizona, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, PO Box 245002, Tucson, AZ 85724-5002, United States. Email: thaynes@email.arizona.edu SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2011) 20:2 (130-136). Date of Publication: April 2011 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Despite the high comorbidity of insomnia with psychiatric illness, few studies have examined insomnia or insomnia treatments in psychiatric inpatients. The present study had two overall goals. First, we sought to describe insomnia symptoms in 76 US veterans hospitalized for a wide-range of psychiatric illnesses. Next, we sought to examine whether participation in one session of group therapy for insomnia was associated with improvement in Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores for a subset of these inpatients (n=19). Data were extracted from the clinical charts of 140 inpatients admitted into the 26-bed psychiatric ward at the New Mexico VA Healthcare System. The majority of the veterans had clinical insomnia in the moderate-to-severe range, and only 18% of the sample reported no clinically-significant insomnia. There was a significant reduction in ISI scores approximately 1 week after attendance at the group therapy session, which appears to be unrelated to the length of hospitalization, but might be related to psychiatric stabilization. This is the first study to examine insomnia symptoms in a mixed, psychiatric inpatient population. Group therapy for insomnia might be a particularly useful treatment option given polypharmacy and substance dependency issues often arising in this population. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2011 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. No claim to original US government works. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital patient insomnia (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy) mental disease (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female group therapy hospitalization human male middle aged prevalence psychological aspect public hospital statistics treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21371228 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21371228) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00711.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 396 TITLE FT32 - Self-medication in students of nursing and nutrition in San Luis AUTHOR NAMES Vendramín M. Roquer S. Duarte S. Belotti M. Calderón C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vendramín M.; Roquer S.; Duarte S.; Belotti M.; Calderón C., ccal@unsl.edu.ar) Farmacología, UNSL, Argentina. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Vendramín, Farmacología, UNSL, Argentina. SOURCE Biocell (2011) 35:3 (A265). Date of Publication: 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 2nd Joint Meeting of the Biology Societies from Argentina CONFERENCE LOCATION San Juan, Argentina CONFERENCE DATE 2011-08-17 to 2011-08-19 ISSN 0327-9545 BOOK PUBLISHER Universidad Nacional de Cuyo ABSTRACT Self-medication is taking medication without medical intervention. Often the drug is used as a solution to any problem. Our goal was to analyze the use of nonprescription drugs, health problems for which they were consumed and the place of purchase. 139 interviews were conducted (May - June 2011), including: the existence or not of prescription, age, sex, diagnoses, medications, place of purchase. Drugs were classified according to ATC and potential therapeutic value, and the diagnoses according to ICD-10 classification. Results (%): self-medication 64.8. Sex: F 88.9, M 11.1. Age: <26 (78.9), 26-40 (11.1), >40 (10). Diagnoses: headache 16.7, menstrual cramps 11.3, fatigue10 , sore throat, 8.7, anxiety 8, stomach pain 7.7, cough 6.2, cold 5.9, sleep problems 3.9, decreased physical and intellectual performance 3.9. ATC Group: M 45.5, N 30.7, A 15.5, A 5.1, J 2.3. Drug: ibuprofen alone and combined (A,C) 39.2, paracetamol A,C 13.1, aspirin A,C 11.9, N-butilhioscina 5.1, propinox+clonixinate lysine 4, diclofenac 3.4. Fixed Dose Combinations (FDC) 23.9. Place of purchase: pharmacy 80.1, drugstore 12.5. Different types of pain, respiratory and digestive problems were prevalent. Non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic antipyretic drugs were the most used then some medicines for the digestive and respiratory system. High self-medication, sale in drugstore, and the use of drugs in CDF of not high therapeutic value, as are the most cold medicines, lead us to conclude that it is necessary to develop strategies to avoid negative the negative connotations for the health which this misuse implies. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid analgesic agent antipyretic agent diclofenac ibuprofen lysine non prescription drug paracetamol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Argentina health care organization human nursing nutrition self medication student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anxiety classification coughing diagnosis drug therapy headache health intellect interview muscle cramp pain pharmacy prescription respiratory system sex diagnosis sleep sore throat stomach pain LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 397 TITLE Healthcare use by children fatally or seriously harmed by child maltreatment: Analysis of a national case series 2005-2007 AUTHOR NAMES Woodman J. Brandon M. Bailey S. Belderson P. Sidebotham P. Gilbert R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Woodman J., j.woodman@ich.ucl.ac.uk; Gilbert R.) MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, UCL-Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1H 1EH, United Kingdom. (Brandon M.; Bailey S.; Belderson P.) School of Social Work and Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom. (Sidebotham P.) Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Woodman, MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, UCL-Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1H 1EH, United Kingdom. Email: j.woodman@ich.ucl.ac.uk SOURCE Archives of Disease in Childhood (2011) 96:3 (270-275). Date of Publication: March 2011 ISSN 0003-9888 1468-2044 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim: To determine antecedent patterns of healthcare use by children fatally or seriously harmed by maltreatment. Methods: The authors analysed recorded healthcare use for children who were the subject of a serious case review (SCR) in England in 2005-2007. The SCRs were initiated when a child under 18 years old died or was seriously harmed, maltreatment (abuse or neglect) was a factor, and there were lessons for interagency working. The authors analysed a purposive sample (N=40), similar in key demographics to all 189 SCRs in England in 2005-2007. Results: Children had extensive recorded contact with universal (N=34/40; 85%) and secondary (N=26/40; 65%) healthcare services and children's social care (N=21/40; 53%). Thirty-one children (78%) had recorded health visitor and/or school nurse contact. Fourteen children (35%) had missed appointments. Almost three-quarters (N=29) had complex family problems recorded (parental domestic violence, alcohol/drug and/or mental health problems). Data quality regarding healthcare use was poor, and the extent and type of 'missing data' varied by age. Conclusions: Complex paediatric and family problems and a high level of contact with services preceded serious adverse events. Universal health services are likely to be well placed for giving ongoing and family-orientated support to vulnerable families. The absence of standardised data collection and any control group limits how far the Biennial Analyses of SCRs can meet their stated objective of identifying national trends and patterns. Linking SCRs to healthcare databases would provide a control group, improve understanding of the population context and diminish demands for data from professionals delivering care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child abuse health care utilization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent age distribution alcohol abuse article child clinical article controlled study data base demography domestic violence drug abuse family violence female health service health visitor human infant male mental disease preschool child priority journal school child school health nursing social care United Kingdom EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011095625 MEDLINE PMID 21242231 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21242231) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.190314 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 398 TITLE Influence of alexithymia, self-concept and health locus of control on alcohol consumption of young portuguese AUTHOR NAMES Lopes R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lopes R.) UCP - Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatrica, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Lopes, UCP - Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatrica, Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. SOURCE European Psychiatry (2011) 26 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: March 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 19th European Congress of Psychiatry, EPA 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Vienna, Austria CONFERENCE DATE 2011-03-12 to 2011-03-15 ISSN 0924-9338 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT Portugal still holds a leading place in the per capita consumption of alcohol at a world level, with high mortality rates due to hepatic cirrhosis, high indexes of road/work killings, besides a vast range of physical and mental, family and occupational health problems caused by alcohol. The narrow connection between juvenile/academic events and alcohol consumption makes youngsters vulnerable to this consumption. A descriptive-correlational and transversal study was conducted with a 552 students' sample of the Nursing degree aiming to determine some psychological characteristics that might influence/predict alcohol use/abuse in youngsters: alexithymia, self-concept and health control locus. The data collection instrument comprehended: Graffar Social Classification; Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS20), What Do I Think Of Health, Self-Concept Clinical Inventory (SCCI) and Alcohol Involvement Scale (AIS). Male gender is related to alcohol involvement (rho=-0.276; p=.000), revealing that 35% of the male gender and 7% of the female are normally drinkers with problems. Externally oriented thought (F3-TAS20) (rho=.084; p=.048), the impulsiveness (F4-SCCI) (rho=.119; p=.005) and the external control locus (rho=.118; p=.005) are correlated to the involvement with alcohol. Hierarchic multiple regression revealed as behaviour predictor variables of that involvement: gender (3.8%; p=.000), impulsiveness (1.4%; p=.005) and self-efficiency with inverse relation (F2-SCCI) (1.0%; p=.015). It is concluded that the choice of preventive strategies must be focused in actions that facilitate personal and social development, that promote personal and social skills, culminating in a freedom of choice by healthy behaviours and life-styles, diminishing the risk of PLA. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption alexithymia health locus of control psychiatry self concept EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS classification female freedom gender impulsiveness information processing lifestyle liver cirrhosis male mortality multiple regression nursing occupational health Portugal predictor variable risk social adaptation social evolution student LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(11)71786-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 399 TITLE Nurses from practice awareness about clinical nutrition AUTHOR NAMES Kala Grofova Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kala Grofova Z.) Clinical nutrition, University and Hospital Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Z. Kala Grofova, Clinical nutrition, University and Hospital Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic. SOURCE Clinical Nutrition, Supplement (2011) 6:1 (177). Date of Publication: 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 33rd Congress of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, ESPEN 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Gothenurg, Sweden CONFERENCE DATE 2011-09-03 to 2011-09-06 ISSN 1744-1161 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Rationale: Years of practice in clinical nutrition make us think everybody is fully informed. What is the real level of awareness about undernutrition, starvation, artificial nutrition, energetic metabolism or nutrients among nurses? Methods: Nurses (n = 64) working in clinical practice were tested while externaly studying first year of bachelor degree at Pardubice University. They underwent the same test from Clinical Nutrition as full time study students. Wrong answers to above mentioned main topics were selected from all questions concerning nutrition. Results: Undernutrition, starvation: 39% see no sequentiality of starvation and undernutrition (starvation does not lead to a weight loss 22%; undernutrition not caused by starvation 17.2%). 44% do not consider as causes of undernutition: loss of teeth or apetite, alcohol abuse (33%); mechanical compression of digestive tract and a lower food intake (11%). 48.4%: undernutrition combined with a big stress does not lead to death. 50% see no link between undernutrition and immunity, healing. 47%: no link between stress starvation and wound healing; 48.4%: no link between stress starvation and immunity; 22% think organism adapts quickly to stress starvation. Artificial nutrition: 68.8%: artificial nutrition blocks the stress catabolism; 39%: nursing care of central or peripheral cathters is the same; 61.2% have no clear image about enteral nutrition, 20.4% about parenteral one. Nutrients, metabolism: 34.4%: energy expenditure is not dependent on the body weight; 39%: proteins are basic resource of energy; 19%: proteins are not utilized in stress starvation; 33%: fatty acids are not a resource of energy; 45% have lack of knowledge about saccharides as energy resource. Conclusion: The relatively high percentage of wrong answers to test questions show the low awareness about undernutrition, starvation and energetic metabolism. Further education of nurses can help to focus more attention to this topic in practice. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS carbohydrate fatty acid protein EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human metabolism nurse nutrition society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse appetite artificial feeding body weight catabolism clinical practice compression death digestive system education energy expenditure energy resource enteric feeding food intake healing immunity malnutrition nursing care nutrient organisms starvation student tooth university weight reduction wound healing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 400 TITLE Don't ask don't tell: Substance abuse and addiction among nurses AUTHOR NAMES Monroe T. Kenaga H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Monroe T., todd.b.monroe@vanderbilt.edu) Vanderbilt University, School of Nursing, Nashville, United States. (Kenaga H.) The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Monroe, Vanderbilt University, School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, 600-A GH, Nashville, TN 37240, United States. Email: todd.b.monroe@vanderbilt.edu SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2011) 20:3-4 (504-509). Date of Publication: February 2011 ISSN 0962-1067 1365-2702 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim: The purpose of this manuscript is to illustrate the challenges faced by nurses who abuse substances and to promote international dialogue about what practitioners, administrators, health care providers and students can do when they suspect someone in the profession is abusing substances, or they may themselves be suffering from addiction. Background: Addiction among nurses has been recognised by professionals in the field for over 100 years, and current estimates place rates of substance misuse, abuse and addiction rates as high as 20% among practicing nurses. Unfortunately, fear of punishment and discipline may keep nurses or students from asking for help for themselves or from reporting a colleague or friend who is in need of help. Design: Discursive paper. Method: This paper synthesises the results of three previous papers conducted on substance abuse policies in the nursing profession. In the first paper, the authors reviewed the history of addiction in nursing and compared disciplinary and alternative-to-discipline policies. The second focused on the development of an alternative-to-dismissal policy for substance abuse in a school of nursing and using telephone and email interviews, and the final paper reported findings of what types of polices seem to be working to retain and rehabilitate nurses who suffer from addiction in the USA. Lastly, this paper introduces international policy for nurses with addictions.Conclusions. Poor or ineffective policies that mandate punitive action endanger the public by making it difficult for impaired students or professionals to ask for help. Providing early intervention and assistance is essential in helping colleagues and students recover from an addictive disorder and providing a non-punitive atmosphere of support may well be a life-saving first step for nurses and those in their care. Many territories and countries throughout the world now offer confidential, non-punitive, assistance for nurses suffering from addictions. Relevance to clinical practice: Recognition of a colleague's need of treatment is the important first step in the rehabilitation process. Early intervention and assistance are essential for helping colleagues and students to recover from an addictive disorder and providing a confidential, non-punitive atmosphere of support may well be a life-saving first step for nurses and those in their care. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) malpractice nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human personnel management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21040041 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21040041) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03518.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 401 TITLE Training nurses in the treatment of tobacco use and dependence: Pre- and post-training results AUTHOR NAMES Sheffer C.E. Barone C. Anders M.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sheffer C.E., cesheffer@uams.edu) Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. (Barone C.) Department of Nursing Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. (Anders M.E.) Department of Respiratory and Surgical Technology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.E. Sheffer, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States. Email: cesheffer@uams.edu SOURCE Journal of Advanced Nursing (2011) 67:1 (176-183). Date of Publication: January 2011 ISSN 0309-2402 1365-2648 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim- This paper is a report of a study conducted to examine the effects of a brief training in the treatment of tobacco use and dependence on the tobacco use intervention-related knowledge and attitudes of nurses.Background- Nurses are the largest group of healthcare providers and they have an extended reach into the population of tobacco users. Thus, increasing the number of nurses who deliver brief evidence-based interventions for tobacco use and dependence, such as that prescribed by the Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline in the United States of America, is likely to expose more tobacco users to evidence-based treatments and lead to more successful quit attempts. Effective training is key to improving provider proficiency in delivering evidence-based interventions for tobacco use and dependence.Method- A 1-hour didactic training was delivered to 359 nurses from 2006 to 2007, including 54 Advanced Practice Nurses, 250 Registered Nurses and 55 Licensed Practical Nurses. Pre- and post-training tests assessed attitudes, knowledge and behaviours. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-test results.Results- Statistically significant increases on nearly all measures were achieved, with Registered Nurses and Licensed Practical Nurses realizing the largest gains.Conclusion- Given the overwhelming impact of tobacco use on patients, all nurses should be provided with training in the delivery of brief, evidence-based interventions for tobacco use. As the most trusted healthcare provider group with an extended reach into the tobacco using population, nurses have a large potential impact on the prevalence of tobacco use. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health nursing education smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article evidence based nursing health care quality human methodology middle aged nursing nursing evaluation research self concept smoking (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21039779 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21039779) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05483.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 402 TITLE At-risk and living with hepatitis C virus, HIV, addiction, and mental illness: Stories from a peer model program in Toronto AUTHOR NAMES Woolhouse S. Cooper E. Pickard A. Millson P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Woolhouse S.; Cooper E.; Pickard A.; Millson P.) Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Woolhouse, Toronto, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology (2011) 22 SUPPL. SB (24B-25B). Date of Publication: Spring 2011 CONFERENCE NAME 20th Annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research: Honouring our History, Embracing our Diversity, CAHR 2011 CONFERENCE LOCATION Toronto, ON, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2011-04-14 to 2011-04-17 ISSN 1712-9532 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The East Toronto Hepatitis C Program is an innovative program providing education, social services, nursing, medical and psychiatric care to people living with hepatitis C virus (HCV), some with HIV co-infection and others at-risk of HIV, and many with current or past histories of drug use, incarceration, mental illness, and homelessness. The objective of this research project was to explore the experiences of clients including group participation, impact of illness, treatment, and determinants of health. METHODS: Phenomenology informed the qualitative approach to this research by using data collection methods of twenty semi-structured openended in-depth interviews. Interpretive analysis was an iterative process of capturing the meaning and common features of individuals' lived experiences. RESULTS: Analysis of the data revealed several broad themes: the group as an agent of transition and change; the program structure and services; the context of clients' lives including experiences with the health care system; and the illness experience related to HCV or HIV/HCV co-infection, physical health, mental illness and emotional well-being. Participation in the group provided opportunities for socialization, support, normalization, and development of self-confidence through its peer model. Clients described factors that impacted their ability to cope with their illness and treatment, including lack of social determinants of health and challenging experiences with medical and social services. All clients described the stigma associated with their illness and the impact the disease had on their quality of life. Finally, all clients described the process of “getting ready” for treatment and the role the group and program played in supporting them through their decision-making process. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that this integrated peer-based educational model can successfully treat people living with HCV or HIV/HCV co-infection. These findings will enhance the quality of the existing program and evaluate it as a model for other agencies and for Canadian health policy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction Hepatitis C virus Human immunodeficiency virus mental disease model risk EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS data collection method decision making drug use education educational model general aspects of disease health health care policy health care system hepatitis C homelessness human interview mental health care mixed infection nursing personal experience phenomenology quality of life social work socialization wellbeing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 403 TITLE A comparative study of nursing attitudes towards young male survivors of brain injury: A questionnaire survey AUTHOR NAMES Linden M.A. Redpath S.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Linden M.A., m.linden@qub.ac.uk) School of Nursing and Midwifery (Research unit), Queen's University Belfast, 10 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, United Kingdom. (Redpath S.J.) Neuropsychology, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Linden, School of Nursing and Midwifery (Research unit), Queen's University Belfast, 10 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, United Kingdom. Email: m.linden@qub.ac.uk SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2011) 48:1 (62-69). Date of Publication: January 2011 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: The attitudes members of the nursing profession hold towards survivors of brain injury may impact on the level of help, and degree of involvement they are willing to have. Given that the manner in which an individual receives their brain injury has been shown to impact on public prejudices, the importance of exploring nursing attitudes to this vulnerable group, and the subsequent impact this may have on the caring role, requires investigation. Objective: To investigate the attitudes held by members of the nursing profession towards young male survivors of brain injury whose behaviour either contributed, or did not contribute, to their injury. Design: Independent groups design. Setting and participants: Ninety trainee and sixty-nine qualified nurses respectively drawn from a university in the south west of England and the emergency, orthopaedic and paediatric Departments of the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, UK. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to one of four fictional brain injury scenarios. A young male character was portrayed as sustaining a brain injury as a result of either an aneurysm, or through drug taking, with their behaviour being either a contributory or non-contributory factor. On reading these, participants were asked to complete the prejudicial evaluation scale, the social interaction scale and the helping behaviour scale. Results: Analysis of variance showed that qualified nurses held more prejudicial attitudes than student nurses towards survivors of brain injury. Mean scores indicated that individuals seen as contributing towards their injury were likely to experience more prejudice (blame total = 42.35 vs. no blame total = 38.34), less social interaction (blame total = 37.54 vs. no blame total = 41.10), and less helping behaviour (blame total = 21.49 vs. no blame total = 22.34) by both groups. Conclusions: Qualified nurses should be mindful of the impact their attitudes and judgements of survivors of brain injury may have on the subsequent care they provide. Greater emphasis on the effects of negative attitudes on patient interactions during training may provide nurses with the understanding to recognise and avoid challenges to their caring role in the future. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) brain injury (epidemiology, etiology) health personnel attitude nursing staff social psychology survivor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult analysis of variance article cooperation empathy female high risk behavior human intracranial aneurysm (complication) male middle aged nurse patient relationship nursing methodology research nursing student psychological aspect statistics United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20965077 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20965077) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.05.011 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 404 TITLE The castle peak experience - 14 years of delivering local alcohol services AUTHOR NAMES Chiang T.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chiang T.P.) Alcohol and Drug Dependence Unit, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.P. Chiang, Alcohol and Drug Dependence Unit, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. SOURCE East Asian Archives of Psychiatry (2010) 20 SUPPL. 1 (12-13). Date of Publication: December 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2nd Joint International Conference of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists and the Royal College of Psychiatrists (UK): Brain, Behaviour and Mind 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hong Kong, China CONFERENCE DATE 2010-12-11 to 2010-12-13 ISSN 2078-9947 BOOK PUBLISHER Hong Kong Academy of Medicine Press ABSTRACT The Tuen Mun Alcohol Problems Clinic (TMAPC) of Castle Peak Hospital is a “one-stop shop” for inpatient and outpatient services focusing on alcohol detoxification and treatment of co-existing psychiatric problems. It is the first of its kind in Hong Kong and became operational in 1996. The treatment and rehabilitative programme consists of pharmacological, psychological and social interventions, which involves various disciplines including psychiatrist, hospital-based psychiatric nurse, community psychiatric nurse, occupational therapist, clinical psychologist, and social worker. Each client is assigned with a case nurse. This case nurse coordinates the efforts of professionals of different disciplines to provide an integrated level of care by ensuring that the client's treatment needs are met. Our team of health professionals provides all the necessary support resources. We conduct individual and group therapy, and Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. We also provide clinic supervision on disulfiram treatment for those without effective supervision at home. Ethnic Chinese constitutes the vast majority of our clientele. We had 792 registered cases (673 men and 119 women, 85.0% and 15.0% respectively) in TMAPC in the period from August 1996 to March 2009. Co-existing drug misuse or other psychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 225 clients (28.4%). Depressive disorder, dysthymia, adjustment disorder and personality disorder were the most commonly diagnosed co-morbid psychiatric conditions. At TMAPC, we observed a high male-to-female ratio of 5.7:1, which was significantly higher than those figures reported in the western world. This might partly be explained by the stigma attached to women's drinking in the local Chinese community. Meanwhile, 38.7% of our female clients were diagnosed to have depression or dysthymia. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS disulfiram EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain college Hong Kong human psychiatrist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adjustment disorder alcoholics anonymous clinical psychology community cultural anthropology depression detoxification drinking drug misuse dysthymia female group therapy health practitioner hospital hospital patient male mental disease nurse occupational therapist outpatient care personality disorder social worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Chinese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Chinese COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 405 TITLE A survey of psychiatric morbidity among youth substance abusers in Hong Kong AUTHOR NAMES Chan F. Wong H.M. Tang A.K.L. Liang Y. Tang W.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chan F.) Department of Psychiatry, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. (Wong H.M.; Tang A.K.L.) Department of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. (Liang Y.; Tang W.K.) Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, China. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F. Chan, Department of Psychiatry, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. SOURCE East Asian Archives of Psychiatry (2010) 20 SUPPL. 1 (83). Date of Publication: December 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2nd Joint International Conference of the Hong Kong College of Psychiatrists and the Royal College of Psychiatrists (UK): Brain, Behaviour and Mind 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Hong Kong, China CONFERENCE DATE 2010-12-11 to 2010-12-13 ISSN 2078-9947 BOOK PUBLISHER Hong Kong Academy of Medicine Press ABSTRACT Objectives: Significant psychiatric morbidity co-occurs with substance misuse. Untreated psychiatric disorders may lead to worse outcome. In this study, self-report questionnaires were given to substance abusers who were not known to any mental health services. Methods: Youth substance abusers, not known to any mental health services, were recruited on the streets in a suburban district in Hong Kong. They were referred to a joint midnight clinic run by a group of volunteer doctors, nurses, social workers and allied health professionals. The pattern of substance use was documented. The Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were given to the clients. Their scores were rated and compared. Subjects selected by convenience sampling method would be arranged clinical interviews with specialist psychiatrists. Results: A total of 53 subjects participated in the study. Their mean age was 16.9 years. Their mean duration of substance use is 3.9 years; 75% of the subjects is male; 30 (57%) were unemployed. The most frequent substances of misuse are ketamine (90% reporting frequent use), nimetazepam (55%), cocaine (50%), cannabis (38%), methamphetamine (36%), MDMA (29%) and cough mixture (5%); 78.8% were poly-substance users. Over 43% reported drug use for more than 5 times per week. The majority scored above the cut-off in the BDI (58.5%) and BAI (60.4%). In total, 77.4% scored above the cut-off in either the BDI or the BAI, or both. Twenty-four were selected to see psychiatrists for a clinical interview. Of the 24, 12 (50%) suffered a psychiatric condition, defined using the ICD-10-7 suffered from mixed anxiety depressive disorder, 2 adjustment disorder, 1 social phobia, 1 substance-induced psychotic disorder, 1 borderline personality disorder. Of the 7, 6 were referred to psychiatric outpatient department for treatment. Conclusion: Psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety and depressive disorders, are prevalent in youth substance abusers who are not known to any mental health services. Early referral and treatment of their condition may improve outcome. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine cannabis cocaine ketamine methamphetamine nimetazepam EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain college Hong Kong human juvenile morbidity psychiatrist substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adjustment disorder anxiety Beck Anxiety Inventory Beck Depression Inventory borderline state convenience sample coughing depression drug use health practitioner hospital ICD-10 interview male medical specialist mental disease mental health service nurse outpatient department physician psychosis questionnaire sampling self report social phobia social worker substance use unemployment volunteer LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 406 TITLE Parental brain function and structure: Effects of early life experience, contemporaneous breastfeeding, correlations with behavior and changes in the early postpartum AUTHOR NAMES Swain J. Kim P. Feldman R. Mayes L. Leckman J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swain J.; Kim P.; Feldman R.; Mayes L.; Leckman J.) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Swain, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States. SOURCE Neuropsychopharmacology (2010) 35 SUPPL. 1 (S368). Date of Publication: December 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 49th Annual Conference of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Miami Beach, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-12-05 to 2010-12-09 ISSN 0893-133X BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Background: Parenting constitutes an evolutionarily conserved set of attachment behaviors to assure infant survival, provide nurturance and care, and sooth the distressed infant. We are studying neural circuits and changes in thoughts and behaviors in new parents that respond to infant pictures and cries, particularly when those stimuli arise from their own infant. Animal models indicate that early life experiences predict later parenting behaviors, that certain key neuroendocrine factors such as oxytocin and limbic brain structures are critical hormone for adaptive parental behaviors, and that the structure and function of parenting systems changes in the postpartum. In humans, maternal sensitivity behaviors across the first year postpartum are linked with infant development, and certain limbicbrain as well as cortical regions are involved. Such brain-based systems allow adaptation to the postpartum infant's needs - providing appropriate emotional responses and organizing sensitive parenting behaviors by raising cognitive and emotional salience and reward derived from infant stimuli and creating contingencies between endocrine, autonomic, and sensory systems in parent and child. We hypothesize that neurobiological circuits that regulate parenting involve systems of neurotransmitters overlap with those that mediate caregiving, empathy as well as some aspects of anxiety, obsessivecompulsive disorder and addiction. In newest analyses, we aimed to determine if: 1) brain responses to own baby-cries in cortical-subcortical circuits correlate with levels of parental preoccupations involving anxious, intrusive, obsessive-compulsive-like thoughts and dyadic behaviors; 2) parent sub-grouped according to nursing status and early life experience show differences in brain activations; 3) brain structure varies as a function of early life experience as well as longitudinally during the first postpartum months. Methods: We are studying parental attachment in several ways in 40 + sets of parents: administering interview and self-report versions of the Yale Inventory of Parental Thoughts and Actions, mood and anxiety scales as well as an inventory of perceived quality of early life; making brief videos of parent-infant interaction to assess attachment and interpersonal synchrony; performing structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brains of both mothers and fathers (using a Siemens 3T Trio scanner) while listening to baby stimuli, including own and other baby cries as well pictures. All data are acquired longitudinally at 2 weeks & 3 months postpartum, and analyzed with Brainvoyager and SPM analysis software. At 3-4 months postpartum, we are also acquiring brief free play videos involving mother plus infant, father plus infant, and mother plus father plus infant to assess attachment and interpersonal synchrony. Parents are grouped according to timing, experience, gender, psychometric measures, and early life experience. In order to determine the influence of the neuopeptide oxytocin, we also grouped parents according to breastfeeding and mode of delivery. Results: The stable circuit that becomes active in response to ownbaby cry in mothers and fathers, including anterior cingulate and basal ganglia varies according to early life experience. In addition, brain density is determined by early life experience and varies with time in the first 3 months postpartum in medial frontal and temporal regions. Mothers who are breastfeeding vs. formula feeding were more sensitive to infant stimuli in amygdala, hypothalamus and putamen. Brain responses in basal ganglia and frontal lobes vary according to parental mood. Correlations of brain activity and parenting behavior appear in other arousal and emotion control regions. Discussion: Human parenting involves brain circuits of emotion, motivation, salience, and habits, which are consistent with animal parenting work. The activity within parenting brain circuits varies as a function of early life experience, as well as contemporaneous breastfeeding and other dyadic behaviors. Also, the experience of parenting is affecting cortical gray matter density as part of parental adaptation. This work promises neuroimaging endophenotypes to test interventions for optimizing family bonding and perhaps prevent or treat perimartum mental illness toward improved child environments. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hormone neurotransmitter oxytocin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain function college personal experience psychopharmacology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptation addiction amygdaloid nucleus animal model anterior cingulate anxiety arousal artificial milk baby basal ganglion brain child child development child parent relation computer program density diseases electroencephalogram emotion empathy endophenotype environment father female frontal lobe functional magnetic resonance imaging gender gray matter habit human hypothalamus infant interview male mental disease mood mother motivation neuroimaging nursing parent parental behavior putamen reward self report sensory system stimulus survival temporal lobe videorecording LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2010.218 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 407 TITLE Automating individualized coaching and authentic role-play practice for brief intervention training. AUTHOR NAMES Hayes-Roth B. Saker R. Amano K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hayes-Roth B.) Lifelike Solutions Inc., 54 Marianna Lane, Atherton, CA 94027, USA. (Saker R.; Amano K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Hayes-Roth, Lifelike Solutions Inc., 54 Marianna Lane, Atherton, CA 94027, USA. Email: bhr@lifelikesolutions.com SOURCE Methods of information in medicine (2010) 49:4 (406-411). Date of Publication: 2010 ISSN 0026-1270 ABSTRACT Brief intervention helps to reduce alcohol abuse, but there is a need for accessible, cost-effective training of clinicians. This study evaluated STAR Workshop , a web-based training system that automates efficacious techniques for individualized coaching and authentic role-play practice. We compared STAR Workshop to a web-based, self-guided e-book and a no-treatment control, for training the Engage for Change (E4C) brief intervention protocol. Subjects were medical and nursing students. Brief written skill probes tested subjects' performance of individual protocol steps, in different clinical scenarios, at three test times: pre-training, post-training, and post-delay (two weeks). Subjects also did live phone interviews with a standardized patient, post-delay. STAR subjects performed significantly better than both other groups. They showed significantly greater improvement from pre-training probes to post-training and post-delay probes. They scored significantly higher on post-delay phone interviews. STAR Workshop appears to be an accessible, cost-effective approach for training students to use the E4C protocol for brief intervention in alcohol abuse. It may also be useful for training other clinical interviewing protocols. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) automation computer interface education role playing teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of variance article clinical competence comparative study curriculum devices educational status human Internet medical student methodology nursing student statistics time LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20405093 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20405093) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 408 TITLE Retention of adolescents with substance dependence and coexisting mental health disorders in outpatient alcohol and drug group therapy AUTHOR NAMES Pagey B. Deering D. Sellman D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pagey B., bronwyn.pagey@cdhb.govt.nz) Youth Speciality Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand. (Deering D.; Sellman D.) National Addiction Centre (Aotearoa New Zealand), University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Pagey, Youth Speciality Service, Canterbury District Health Board, Private Bag 4733, Christchurch, New Zealand. Email: bronwyn.pagey@cdhb.govt.nz SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2010) 19:6 (437-444). Date of Publication: December 2010 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics that might enhance retention among adolescents attending outpatient alcohol and drug group therapy within a youth mental health setting. An important goal was to provide information for nurses and other clinicians who work with adolescents with coexisting substance use and mental health disorders. A retrospective file audit reviewed the files of 64 adolescents who attended a weekly alcohol and drug group between 2002 and 2004. Five characteristics were shown to have a significant impact on enhancing participant group retention. These were Maori and Pacific Island ethnicity, past or current legal charges, youth drug court (YDC) involvement, having a diagnosis of cannabis dependence, and a diagnosis of conduct disorder. Logistic regression found that YDC involvement on its own significantly predicted treatment retention. In an area of limited research, the findings from this study expand the literature on enhancing treatment retention for a vulnerable and hard-to-engage adolescent group with complex treatment needs, and highlight the need for further investigation of the potential role of the YDC. From a practice perspective, the findings support group therapy interventions as a cost-effective treatment modality for assisting adolescents with coexisting substance use and mental health issues, including those with conduct disorder and YDC involvement. © 2010 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication, therapy) group therapy mental disease (complication, therapy) patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cannabis addiction (complication, therapy) chi square distribution ethnic group female human male New Zealand outpatient patient psychological aspect retrospective study statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21054730 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21054730) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00693.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 409 TITLE School itineraries of children victims of maternal alcohol abuse in france ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Školski programi u francuskoj za djecu čije majke zloupotrebljavaju alkohol AUTHOR NAMES Toutain S. Lejeune C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Toutain S., stephanie.toutain@parisdescartes.fr) CESAMES, Université Paris Descartes, 45, Rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. (Lejeune C.) Service de Néonatalogie, Hôpital Louis-Mourie, Paris, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Toutain, CESAMES, Université Paris Descartes, 45, Rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Email: stephanie.toutain@parisdescartes.fr SOURCE Alcoholism (2010) 46:1 (39-48). Date of Publication: Zagreb 2010 ISSN 0002-502X 1330-6170 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Center for Study and Control of Alcoholism and Addictions, Vinogradska c.29, Zagreb, Croatia. ABSTRACT We identified 28 children with fetal alcohol syndrome or fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and were able to reconstruct the education itineraries of 19 of them. Although most of these children were initially enrolled in mainstream nursery schools, the majority of them were then referred to special educational classes or medical institutions when they were old enough to go to primary school. Those who remained in mainstream education encountered great difficulties. However, the education itineraries of these children also depend on their family situations. Finally, late medical and social intervention in their early childhood and irregular monitoring of their progress often lead to the children being put away in medical centers. © Center for Study and Control of Alcoholism and Other Addictions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) fetal alcohol syndrome fetal alcohol syndrome school EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent alcohol abuse article child childhood clinical article education program family functioning France health center health service human maternal welfare nursery school preschool child primary school school child social work special education EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English, unknown LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, unknown EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2011307299 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 410 TITLE Association between workaholism and sleep problems among hospital nurses AUTHOR NAMES Kubota K. Shimazu A. Kawakami N. Takahashi M. Nakata A. Schaufeli W.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kubota K., kazumikubota-tky@umin.net; Shimazu A.; Kawakami N.) Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. (Takahashi M.) National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan. (Nakata A.) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States. (Schaufeli W.B.) Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Kubota, Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. Email: kazumikubota-tky@umin.net SOURCE Industrial Health (2010) 48:6 (864-871). Date of Publication: 2010 ISSN 0019-8366 BOOK PUBLISHER National Institute of Industrial Health, 21-1 Nagao 6-chome, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan. ABSTRACT The present study examined the association between workaholism, the tendency to work excessively hard in a compulsive fashion, and sleep problems among Japanese nurses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 600 nurses from 2 university hospitals in Japan using a self-reported questionnaire on workaholism, sleep, job-related variables (i.e., job demands, job control, and worksite support), and demographic variables. A total of 394 nurses returned the questionnaire (response rate=65.7%) and complete data from 312 female nurses were used for analyses (final coverage rate=52.0%). Workaholics, as measured using the Japanese version of the Dutch Workaholism Scale, were defined as those having high scores on both the work excessively" and "work compulsively" subscales. Logistic regression analyses revealed that workaholics had higher risks for sleep problems in terms of subjective sleep insufficiency, excessive daytime sleepiness at work, difficulty awakening in the morning, and feeling tired when waking up in the morning (odds ratios [OR] of 4.40, 3.18, 3.48, and 4.61, respectively, p<0.05). These remained significant even after adjusting for demographic and job-related variables (OR 3.41, 5.36, 2.56, and 2.77, respectively). However, no significant associations were found between workaholism and insomnia symptoms. These results suggest that workaholic nurses had higher risks for impaired awakening, insufficient sleep, and workplace sleepiness. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) mental stress (complication) nursing staff sleep disorder (diagnosis, etiology) work schedule workload EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult article burnout confidence interval cross-sectional study female health survey human Japan job satisfaction middle aged personality test psychological aspect psychometry questionnaire risk risk factor statistical model statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20616459 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616459) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.MS1139 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 411 TITLE Predicting early readmissions - An evidence based approach using mutivariate l ogistic regression and CART analyses AUTHOR NAMES Kidney R. Mikulich O. O'Riordan D. Silke B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kidney R., whatsupdocrk@yahoo.co.uk; Mikulich O., whatsupdocrk@yahoo.co.uk; O'Riordan D., whatsupdocrk@yahoo.co.uk; Silke B., whatsupdocrk@yahoo.co.uk) St James's Hospital, Dublin, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Kidney, St James's Hospital, Dublin, United Kingdom. Email: whatsupdocrk@yahoo.co.uk SOURCE Acute Medicine (2010) 9:3 (140). Date of Publication: 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 4th International Meeting of the Society of Acute Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Edinburgh, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-07 to 2010-10-08 ISSN 1747-4884 BOOK PUBLISHER Rila Publications Ltd ABSTRACT Aims The trend for rising unplanned medical readmissions is of concern. We studied the pattern over 7 years (2002 - 2009) and identified only early readmissions to be predictable. Methods We examined early emergency readmissions (defined as < the 10th centile of the total distribution). Multivariate Logistic Regression with Area under Receiver Operating Curve (AUROC) determined predictors; Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis defined readmission subsets, based on the identified predictors. Results Of 20,093 total readmissions 2,009 were early (<6.3 weeks). Positive predictors were: prior admission (ChiSquare 749.7, OR 8.02), illness severity score, (ChiSq 42.1, OR 1.51), age (ChiSq 30.5, OR 1.90), gender (ChiSq 15.3), alcohol abuse (ChiSq 9.4 OR 1.34), a respiratory disgnosis (ChiSq 6.1, OR 1.18) and LOS above the median (ChiSq 4.6, OR 1.12). Negative predictors were: weekend discharge (ChiSq 10.8, OR 0.74), nursing home residency (ChiSq 10.7, OR 0.68) and a neoplasm code (ChiSq 6.1, OR 0.65). For an early readmission, the AUROC was 0.82, Conclusions For 60% of patients, the likelihood of a further readmission can be excluded with a high degree of confidence. Whereas patients likely to be readmitted could only be predicted with 19% to 29% confidence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) evidence based practice society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse classification disease severity emergency gender hospital readmission logistic regression analysis neoplasm nursing home patient tree LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 412 TITLE Italian nurse students' and clinical preceptors' perceptions about clinical practice experiences: a questionnaire survey. AUTHOR NAMES Quattrin R. Zanini A. Bulfone G. Farneti F. Panariti M. Calligaris L. Brusaferro S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Quattrin R.) Chair of Hygiene, DPMSC School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. (Zanini A.; Bulfone G.; Farneti F.; Panariti M.; Calligaris L.; Brusaferro S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Quattrin, Chair of Hygiene, DPMSC School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. Email: quattrin.rosanna@aoud.sanita.fvg.it SOURCE Igiene e sanità pubblica (2010) 66:6 (695-703). Date of Publication: 2010 Nov-Dec ISSN 0019-1639 ABSTRACT Aims of the study was to compare perception of both clinical preceptors and nursing students in relation to clinical nursing practice in Italy. The recent introduction of primary level nursing education to Italian University primed many changes in processes and required to think new methods and contents. Special attention was adopted on revaluation of clinical practice. The study was part of a large investigation conducted from 2005 until 2006 as prevalence survey throughout two questionnaire addressed to nurses student and to clinical guides. Participants were all students (tot. 172) from one School of Nursing and their clinical guides (tot.120) working in a high specialization hospital located in a large urban area in Northern Italy. Students' and nurses' perceptions differed in these fields: knowledge of students' learning objectives, explanation of students' competences and objectives already reached, prevalence execution of assistance activity, organization of briefing/debriefing meetings, planning of a learning programme with students at the beginning of tutorship, choosing occasions related to nursing subjects discussed in classroom, filling an intermediate evaluation of the student tutorship in addiction to the final. The perceptions of the students and preceptors were opposite on several factors. This means that students and clinical guides approach the clinical experience from individualized viewpoints. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude nursing nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study education human Italy nursing education questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21358770 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21358770) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 413 TITLE Breakthrough improvement model: Moving the hospital early detection services to a municipality youth health- and leisurecenter. Is it possible detecting mental illnesses earlier? AUTHOR NAMES Jørgensen R. Nesva˚g H.A. Johannessen J.O. Joa I. Larsen T.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jørgensen R.; Nesva˚g H.A.; Johannessen J.O.; Joa I.; Larsen T.K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Jørgensen, SOURCE Early Intervention in Psychiatry (2010) 4 SUPPL. 1 (173). Date of Publication: November 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 7th International Conference on Early Psychosis - Early Psychoses: A Lifetime Perspective CONFERENCE LOCATION Amsterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2010-11-29 to 2010-12-01 ISSN 1751-7885 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT Background: Results from the TIPS study in Stavanger, conducted in 1997-2000 showed that an early detection team and information campaigns can significantly reduce the Duration of Untreated Psychosis (DUP). Objective: Offer our hospital specialized early detection (ED) services to adolescent/young adults between 15 and 20 years in a municipality health and leisure centre for youth. In the city of Stavanger the old police station has been converted to a health and leisure centre for the youth. The following services are offered: • Youth health centre with school nurses and GP's. • Social workers working with troubled youth. • Metropolis which is a music and cultural club. • K46 which is a low threshold services to young people with drug dependencies. Method: Offer ED presence at the health- and leisure centre on Wednesday's between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. Offering potential patients and referral agents mental health disorder screening and psychosis assessment. Results: The ED presence has been operating since medium May 2010. So this is an ongoing study. All the requests will be registered. We've since 1997 registered all the requests to the ED team. From this data we have baseline information about the requests from the age group 15-20 years living in Stavanger. Conclusion: The conclusions of the study will be presented in the poster presentation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health hospital juvenile lifespan mental disease model psychosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult city drug dependence groups by age health center human leisure mental health music patient police school health nursing screening social worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7893.2010.00230.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 414 TITLE Fitness to practise for student nurses: principles, standards and procedures. AUTHOR NAMES David T.I. Lee-Woolf E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (David T.I.) Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester. (Lee-Woolf E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.I. David, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester. SOURCE Nursing times (2010) 106:39 (23-26). Date of Publication: 2010 Oct 5-11 ISSN 0954-7762 ABSTRACT Since 2009, all schools of nursing have been required to establish a fitness to practise committee to consider any pre-registration student health or character issues (Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2008). In 2009, fitness to practice standards were published (NMC, 2009a). This article outlines how fitness to practise procedures apply to nursing and midwifery students in the U.K. and explains the key differences between how they are applied to trainees and to registered nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing student professional competence professional misconduct professional standard EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) article deception education human legal aspect mental disease (prevention) organization and management practice guideline publishing standard United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21287847 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21287847) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 415 TITLE Improving addictions treatment outcomes by empowering self and others AUTHOR NAMES Wood T.E. Englander-Golden P. Golden D.E. Pillai V.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wood T.E.) Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, United States. (Englander-Golden P.; Golden D.E.) Say It Straight Foundation, Austin, United States. (Pillai V.K., drpillai@yahoo.com) School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.K. Pillai, School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States. Email: drpillai@yahoo.com SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2010) 19:5 (363-368). Date of Publication: October 2010 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT The present research tested the effectiveness of adding an interpersonal, interactive, experiential training programme to addictions treatment that enhances motivation, cognitive-behavioural coping skills, social support, and group cohesiveness. The research was conducted in a co-educational, long-term residential treatment facility for addictive disorders (alcohol and other substances, sexual addiction, eating disorders, compulsive shopping, and gambling) and concomitant psychiatric diagnoses. The added training is co-created by participants. They choose challenging situations important in their lives that are played out as 'movies' in which they play and experience all the parts. Motivation for change, skills to implement positive changes, self-efficacy, empathy, positive support, and group cohesiveness are rooted in their own experiences and the feedback they receive from others, as they behave in empowering and disempowering ways. The training resulted in significant increases in empowering communication, self-esteem and quality of group life in the treatment group and in the family. Many of these results have large effect sizes and are consistent with the findings from prior studies. The results obtained in this study suggest that Say It Straight training can be an effective addition to the treatment of addictions in residential treatment. Future research is needed to determine the long-term effects of this training on relapse. © 2010 The Authors. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing © 2010 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) behavior group therapy self concept EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article female human interpersonal communication male methodology middle aged psychological aspect quality of life residential care United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20887611 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20887611) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2010.00678.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 416 TITLE Outcomes of the Postgraduate Overseas Specialists Training (POST) Program AUTHOR NAMES Ryan B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ryan B.) St. Vincent's Mental Health, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Ryan, St. Vincent's Mental Health, Australia. SOURCE Asia-Pacific Psychiatry (2010) 2:3 (A4). Date of Publication: October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 14th Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists Scientific Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Brisbane, QLD, Australia CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-28 to 2010-10-30 ISSN 1758-5864 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell ABSTRACT Throughout our region, human resources remain the most critical asset in mental health services. Based in Melbourne, Australia, the Postgraduate Overseas Specialists Training (POST) Program, offers individualised short-term clinical training placements to mental health clinicians in the Asia-Pacific region. To explore the outcomes of this training program, information was gathered on over 200 international Fellows who participated in the POST Program from 2001 to 2010. The majority of POST Fellows were psychiatrists or psychiatric nurses, reflective of the MH workforce generally found in the region, and had an average age was 39 years old, with 53% women and 47% men. The most common subspecialty areas studied were community psychiatry (adult) and aged psychiatry with increased demand for consultation- liaison psychiatry, psychotherapy and addiction psychiatry which are growing in significance within the region. The short-term evaluation survey indicates that the majority of POST Fellows are very satisfied with the training program and training supervisors, although long term data collection was lacking. Key themes and potential outcomes emerged including service developments and improvements, enhanced clinical leadership, attitude change and broad peer education. Within the POST placement, Fellows were able develop relationships with key staff in their sub-specialities and talk through ideas for change and reform in their own countries. The most striking example of supportive post training initiative of the program is the Asia Pacific Community Mental Health Development Project, established to explore diverse leading models of community mental health in the region. When asked to reflect on the key learning from their POST experience, the majority of POST alumni reported that gaining an understanding of a different mental health system was their most significant outcome. The POST program provides a unique opportunity for mental health professionals to experience and take advantage of the active development of community care in Victoria. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college medical specialist psychiatrist training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult alumnus Asia Australia community care community mental health consultation education female health care health practitioner human information processing leadership learning liaison psychiatry mental health mental health service model nurse psychiatry psychotherapy social psychiatry LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5872.2010.00083.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 417 TITLE Improving training in tobacco-dependence diagnosis and treatment in doctoral-level medical, nursing, dental, and pharmacy schools AUTHOR NAMES Sachs D.P. Ferry L.H. Sachs B.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sachs D.P.; Ferry L.H.; Sachs B.L.) Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease Prevention, Palo Alto, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.P. Sachs, Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease Prevention, Palo Alto, United States. SOURCE Chest (2010) 138:4. Date of Publication: October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME CHEST 2010 Annual Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Vancouver, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-30 to 2010-11-04 ISSN 0012-3692 BOOK PUBLISHER American College of Chest Physicians ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Tobacco dependence remains the leading cause of premature death in the United States, killing half its victims and causing 423,595 deaths/year. It is exceptionally cost-effective to treat, yet tobacco-dependence basic science knowledge and clinic diagnostic and treatment skills remain largely untaught in the United States' medical, nursing, dental, or pharmacy schools. We wanted to explore methods to integrate tobacco-dependence education and training into all healthcare professional schools. METHODS: The Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease Prevention (PACPDP) chose to partner with Loma Linda University (LLU) because it has graduate schools for all four, major, health-science disciplines and has a 100-year-old campus-wide mission to prevent and treat tobacco dependence. We initially revised and updated the School of Medicine's (SM) thorough, 4-hour, pre-clinical workshop and the School of Pharmacy's (SP) 9 hours of pre-clinical content in tobacco-dependence diagnosis and pharmacotherapy. Using a heuristic methodology for curriculum and faculty development, we fostered discipline-specific curricular changes and initiated interdisciplinary clinical rotations for LLU's Schools of Nursing (SN), Pharmacy (SP), and Dentistry (SD). Faculty attended national, scientific tobacco and nicotine meetings to increase knowledge and competence by interacting with international experts. RESULTS: From February 2007 through December 2009, the number of basic science hours taught in each of the four professional schools increased a substantial 3-to 6-fold (e.g., 1 hour to 6 hours). Clinical training hours increased overall from 0 to 4, with the School of Medicine adding a 4-week elective rotation. The greater the direct support from the Dean's office in each school, the faster and greater the faculty and curricular change. CONCLUSION: Major curricular change in tobacco-dependence basic-science and clinical training can occur rapidly in all four, major health-science schools by interweaving content into existing courses and clerkships. Doing so required consistent, unwavering support from the University Chancellor and Deans. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Implementing interdisciplinary curricular change will enable the forthcoming generation of healthcare professionals to be vastly more effective in diagnosis and treatment of tobacco dependence, reducing healthcare costs substantially. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) diagnosis nursing school tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS competence curriculum death dentistry drug therapy education graduate health care cost health care personnel health science hospital Loma lung disease methodology pharmacy prophylaxis skill tobacco United States university victim workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.10264 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 418 TITLE Factors associated with the difficult to sedate endoscopy patient? AUTHOR NAMES Bal B. Rashti F. Crowell M. Olden K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bal B.; Rashti F.; Olden K.) Gastroenterology, Washington Hospital Center, Alexandria, United States. (Crowell M.) Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Bal, Gastroenterology, Washington Hospital Center, Alexandria, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Gastroenterology (2010) 105 SUPPL. 1 (S535-S536). Date of Publication: October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 75th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Gastroenterology CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-15 to 2010-10-20 ISSN 0002-9270 BOOK PUBLISHER Nature Publishing Group ABSTRACT Purpose: Effective sedation is an integral part of endoscopy. Difficult sedation results in inadequate exams, aborted procedures and waste of medical resources. HYPOTHESIS: gender, alcohol abuse and physical/sexual abuse are predictors of difficult to sedate endoscopy patients. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study. Patients were enrolled in the out-patient clinic. At enrollment each patient answered two questionnaires - Self report version of Alcohol Use Disorder Inventory (AUDIT) and Drossman abuse questionnaire. Score of 10 or more on the AUDIT was recorded as alcohol abuse and any positive answer on the Drossman questionnaire was recorded as physical/sexual abuse. Age and gender were recorded. Conscious sedation was administered at the discretion of the endoscopist. After endoscopy; the nurse, technician, fellow and attending blinded to each others responses, individually rated the quality of sedation on a 4 point Likert scale. The Richmond agitation sedation scale was used to objectively rate the quality of sedation. Follow-up call was made to the patient to document their sedation perception on a 4 point Likert scale. Results: Interim analysis of data: 36 patients; (14 males, 22 females) have been enrolled. Based on the RASS score 14 patients (38.9%) were found to be difficult to sedate. There was no association between patient gender and difficult sedation (p value=0.293). 8 of 14 difficult to sedate patients met criteria for alcohol abuse (p value=0.008). 20 of 36 (55.6%) patients reported abuse on the Drossman questionnaire but this did not predict difficult sedation (p value=0.023). All 36 patients reported satisfaction with their sedation experience despite difficult sedation in 14 patients. Comparison of sedation rating on the Likert scale, demonstrated a likelihood ratio of 15.1 that the attending gastroenterologist and fellow would be in agreement regarding the quality of sedation. Likelihood ratio for agreement between the attending and nursing staff was only 3.3. Conclusion: To our knowledge this is the first prospective study using a validated instrument to show alcohol abuse as a predictor of difficulty with sedation. The study also demonstrates no gender differences. The study clearly shows that despite having difficult sedation, patients are generally satisfied with their sedation experience. The Likert scale rating system shows that although physicians are usually in agreement about the quality of sedation the non-physician staff may not be in agreement with the physicians. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) college endoscopy gastroenterology human patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse agitation alcohol abuse alcohol use disorder cohort analysis conscious sedation dental anesthesia female follow up gender hospital male nurse nursing staff outpatient physician procedures prospective study questionnaire satisfaction sedation self report sex difference statistical significance waste LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2010.320-11 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 419 TITLE Knowledge, attitude, experience and perceived barriers of smoking cessation intervention in Korean nursing students -A pilot study AUTHOR NAMES Sohn M. Ahn Y. Park H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sohn M.; Ahn Y.; Park H.) Inha University, Incheon, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Sohn, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea. SOURCE International Journal of Stroke (2010) 5 SUPPL. 2 (276). Date of Publication: October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME World Stroke Congress 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Seoul, South Korea CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-13 to 2010-10-16 ISSN 1747-4930 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Background/aims: Smoking is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, but few clinicians are confident in smoking cessation intervention for high risk population. This study was conducted to explore knowledge, attitude, experience and perceived barriers of smoking cessation intervention in Korean nursing students. Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study using a structured questionnaire. Results: Total 27 nursing students (mean age: 21.6 ± 1.7) were included. Most of them were female (88%) and third year nursing students (65%). Few were current smokers (12%). They indicated that their curriculum includes health hazard of smoking (85%) and second hand smoking (58%), nicotine withdrawal symptoms (42%), nurses' role in tobacco control (29%), and smoking cessation intervention (27%). Most of them agreed that nurses should set a good example by not smoking (81%), actively encourage patients to stop smoking (96%), and have additional training/skills in tobacco control (85%). However, when they were with patients in clinical practicum, very few students were asking smoking status (31%), assessing willingness to quit (4%), and advising to quit (4%). None of them provided any specific skills for smoking cessation and relapse prevention. Students perceived that the major barriers of providing smoking cessation intervention to smoking patients include lack of knowledge (85%), lack of skills (85%), patient's lack of interest (77%), lack of time (62%), and other competing priorities (31%). Conclusion: Nursing students need smoking cessation intervention training in their curriculum to improve their knowledge, attitude and skills of smoking cessation intervention. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cerebrovascular accident nursing student pilot study smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS brain ischemia cross-sectional study curriculum female health hazard high risk population nurse passive smoking patient prevention relapse risk factor skill smoking structured questionnaire student tobacco withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4949.2010.00480.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 420 TITLE Smoking cessation: Against the odds AUTHOR NAMES Furey S. Galapin M. MacLagan E. Gentilin A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Furey S.; Galapin M.; MacLagan E.; Gentilin A.) Sunnybrook HSC, Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Furey, Sunnybrook HSC, Toronto, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Cardiology (2010) 26 SUPPL. D (164D). Date of Publication: October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2010 Canadian Council of Cardiovascular Nurses Annual Scientific Sessions CONFERENCE LOCATION Montreal, QC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-23 to 2010-10-26 ISSN 0828-282X BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In April 2009, a smoking cessation program was introduced to the Schulich Heart Program at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. Screening showed 18% prevalence of tobacco use. Referrals for intervention have been below recorded prevalence rate. Referrals by month, will be shown in the poster presentation, this will be compared to the prevalence rate. Furthermore, data regarding knowledge base and educational preparedness for tobacco dependence intervention will be explored. SUMMARY: The purpose of this project is to explore tobacco dependence interventions from the nursing perspective. Data has been collected through a “tobacco dependence knowledge and opinion questionnaire”, it was created by a smoking cessation counsellor, two nurse practitioners, and an RN patient care manager within the cardiology program. An external expert reviewer at The University of Manitoba, with an expertise in nursing as well as tobacco dependence research was utilized. The questionnaire will be completed online for one month in order to ensure maximum participation from nurses within the cardiology program. Results of the survey will be tabulated and presented in poster and presentation format. Nurses' educational preparedness according to best practice guidelines, future directions for nursing research and quality improvement initiatives of the smoking cessation program will be discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human nurse smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Canada cardiology health science heart knowledge base manager nurse practitioner nursing nursing research patient care practice guideline prevalence questionnaire screening smoking cessation program tobacco tobacco dependence total quality management university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 421 TITLE An exploration of mental health nursing students' experiences and attitudes towards using cigarettes to change client's behaviour AUTHOR NAMES Nash M.J. Romanos M.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nash M.J., michael.nash@tcd.ie) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. (Romanos M.T.) Consultant Forensic Psychiatrist, St Brendan's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Nash, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, Ireland. Email: michael.nash@tcd.ie SOURCE Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing (2010) 17:8 (683-691). Date of Publication: October 2010 ISSN 1351-0126 1365-2850 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Using cigarettes to change client behaviour is a common, yet little studied, practice in mental health care. A questionnaire survey was used to explore mental health nursing student's experiences and attitudes to this practice. The sample was four cohorts of mental health nursing students (n= 151). Of them, 84% had experienced the practice of using cigarettes to change client behaviour in acute wards (73%), rehabilitation wards (28%) and elderly care (14%). Cigarettes were used to change client behaviour in areas such as attending to personal hygiene (57%) or engaging in the ward routine (39%). However, items such as leave (60%) or drinks (tea and coffee) (38%) were also reportedly used. Of the respondents, 54% inferred that the practice did not work well with 46% stating it was not written up in care plans; 52% felt it was an ad hoc practice, 60% inferred that at times it was used as a punishment while 55% intimated that they felt bad withholding cigarettes. There are ethical and moral dilemmas around using lifestyle risk factors as rewards or using client's nicotine addiction as a means of controlling behaviour. The question of whether this intervention should ever be used, given its associated health risk, requires more critical debate in clinical practice. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior therapy health personnel attitude mental disease (rehabilitation, therapy) nursing student psychiatric nursing smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education female human male methodology motivation psychological aspect questionnaire reinforcement LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 21050334 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21050334) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2010.01605.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 422 TITLE Prospective pilot intervention study to prevent medication errors in drugs administered to children by mouth or gastric tube: a programme for nurses, physicians and parents. AUTHOR NAMES Bertsche T. Bertsche A. Krieg E.M. Kunz N. Bergmann K. Hanke G. Hoppe-Tichy T. Ebinger F. Haefeli W.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bertsche T.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. (Bertsche A.; Krieg E.M.; Kunz N.; Bergmann K.; Hanke G.; Hoppe-Tichy T.; Ebinger F.; Haefeli W.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Bertsche, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, INF 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. SOURCE Quality & safety in health care (2010) 19:5 (e26). Date of Publication: Oct 2010 ISSN 1475-3901 (electronic) ABSTRACT Drug administration in children is an error-prone task for nurses and parents because individual dose adjustment is often necessary, and suitable formulations for children are frequently lacking. Hence, in the absence of measures for their prevention, medication errors are likely to occur. To assess the error prevalence in drug administration by mouth or gastric tube before and after implementing a programme for quality improvement for nurses and parents. Prospective, two-period cohort intervention study on a paediatric neurology ward of a university hospital where drug administration procedures of nurses and parents were consecutively monitored during the routine drug administration hours. Prevalence of administration errors before and after implementing instructions for appropriate drug administration, and a teaching and training programme supported by information pamphlets. Altogether, 1164 predefined administration tasks were assessed, 675 before and 489 after the intervention. Of these, 95.7% (after the 92.6%) were performed by nurses. Errors addressed by the intervention were reduced from 261/646 tasks (40.4%) to 36/453 (7.9%, p<0.001) in nurses and from 28/29 (96.6%) to 2/36 (5.6%, p<0.001) in parents. Errors in predefined categories concerning tablet dissolution, tablet storage, oral liquids, tablet splitting, administration by gastric tube and others were all considerably less frequent after the intervention (each p<0.001). Errors of drug administration by mouth and gastric tube represent a considerable and often neglected drug-related problem in paediatric inpatients. Targeted quality-improvement programmes can substantially and rapidly reduce error prevalence. Appropriate teaching and training of both nurses and parents supported by pamphlets was a highly efficient way to reduce error prevalence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care quality medical staff medication error (prevention) parent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article child cohort analysis digestive tract intubation education female human male oral drug administration pilot study preschool child prospective study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20378618 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20378618) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 423 TITLE Nursing role in the pharmaceutical life cycle. AUTHOR NAMES Becker J. Méndez-Quigley T. Phillips M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Becker J.) Women's Health & Environmental Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19130, USA. (Méndez-Quigley T.; Phillips M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Becker, Women's Health & Environmental Network, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19130, USA. Email: becker.julie@gmail.com SOURCE Nursing administration quarterly (2010) 34:4 (297-305). Date of Publication: 2010 Oct-Dec ISSN 1550-5103 (electronic) ABSTRACT Biologically active, nontherapeutic levels of pharmaceuticals have been detected in waterways and effluent. Although the vast majority of releases stem from human or animal excretion and production effluent, some come from disposal practices. Studies have demonstrated numerous links between environmental exposures from pharmaceutical compounds and their impact upon aquatic life. Nurses need to be aware of this issue since their roles in health care are expanding and considered among the most trusted. Throughout the life cycle of pharmaceuticals (design, approval/regulation, production, use, and discharge/disposal), nursing can play pivotal roles in reducing and eliminating pharmaceutical waste as well as improving public safety through decreasing poisoning and drug abuse. This article discusses the environmental impact of the pharmaceutical life cycle and what roles nurses have as clinicians, educators, advocates, and researchers. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS prescription drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude water management water pollution (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chemistry environmental exposure green chemistry human metabolism methodology water supply (drug analysis) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20838174 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20838174) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 424 TITLE Overcoming mixed messages on alcohol consumption: A teaching strategy AUTHOR NAMES Willsher K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Willsher K.A., kerre.willsher@unisa.edu.au) University of South Australia, Nursing and Rural Health Unit, 111 Nicolson Ave, Whyalla, South Australia 5600, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.A. Willsher, University of South Australia, Nursing and Rural Health Unit, 111 Nicolson Ave, Whyalla, South Australia 5600, Australia. Email: kerre.willsher@unisa.edu.au SOURCE Nurse Education in Practice (2010) 10:5 (279-284). Date of Publication: Septemper 2010 ISSN 1471-5953 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The aim of this discussion paper is to outline the teaching of nursing students using a health promotion approach to guide young people on issues involving alcohol consumption. Health promotion uses a holistic approach involving the individual, attempts to understand complexities of human behaviour and attempts to address environmental and social issues which impact upon health. There are several models of health promotion but the health assessment tool chosen was HEEADSSS which focuses upon assessment of the Home environment, Education and Employment, eating disorders, peer related activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Suicide/depression and Safety from injury or violence. Society's approach to alcohol consumption is considered ambiguous therefore it is essential to teach health promotion. Research based on demographic and epidemiological information and anecdotal media reports indicates a high incidence of binge drinking among young people on the Eyre Peninsula. The plan was to develop and provide developmentally appropriate health promotion using the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Recommendations on alcohol consumption and the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council Competencies for the Registered Nurse. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) child behavior drinking behavior (adverse drug reaction, prevention) health promotion nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article Australia human methodology nursing student philosophy psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20181532 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20181532) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2010.01.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 425 TITLE The experiences of NICU nurses in caring for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy-Oikonen J. Brownlee K. Montelpare W. Gerlach K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy-Oikonen J.) Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. (Brownlee K.; Montelpare W.; Gerlach K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Murphy-Oikonen, Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. SOURCE Neonatal network : NN (2010) 29:5 (307-313). Date of Publication: 2010 Sep-Oct ISSN 1539-2880 (electronic) ABSTRACT This study explored the experiences of NICU nurses in caring for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). A qualitative research approach was used with open-ended questions employing computer-assisted personal interviews. Fourteen NICU nurses employed in a regional hospital provided responses. The nurses reflected a personal struggle between a desire to employ their technical and critical nursing skills and the need to provide expected maternal care to NAS infants. Other themes included frustration and burnout, challenges to values about parenting, and increased awareness of drug use in the community and at home. The results suggest that nurses underrate the skill required to care for infants with NAS. The level of knowledge, patience, and commitment to these newborns should be reframed to increase job satisfaction, and education should be offered to nurses about women struggling with addictions. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) clinical competence newborn intensive care nursing staff withdrawal syndrome (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article burnout (prevention) Canada (epidemiology) cooperation drug effect education female human maternal behavior middle aged newborn nurse patient relationship nursing nursing evaluation research organization and management psychological aspect social problem standard workplace LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20829177 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20829177) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 426 TITLE The Quit Smoking Program (QSP) at the university of Ottawa heart institute: Design, patient characteristics and outcomes AUTHOR NAMES Aitken D.A. Robert L. Larue A. Laroche M. Tulloch H. Mullen K.A. Reid R.D. Pipe A.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Aitken D.A.; Robert L.; Larue A.; Laroche M.; Tulloch H.; Mullen K.A.; Reid R.D.; Pipe A.L.) University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.A. Aitken, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada. SOURCE Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention (2010) 30:5 (354). Date of Publication: September-October 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Canadian Association of Cardiac Rehabilitation (Association Canadienne de Readaptation Cardiaque) 20th Annual Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Montreal, QC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2010-10-22 to 2010-10-24 ISSN 1932-7501 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Background: Quitting smoking is the most important step that a smoker can take for cardiovascular health. Best practice guidelines recommend the use of first-line smoking cessation medications, strategic advice and follow-up support. The Quit Smoking Program (QSP) at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute is a nurse-managed program that assists smokers to quit using these recommended interventions. Here we describe the QSP, characteristics of smokers using the program, and smoking cessation outcomes achieved. Method: All smokers entering the program from December 2006-2009 were included in the analysis. Smokers attended an information session followed by individual appointments with a tobacco treatment nurse specialist at-2, +2, +5, and +10 weeks relative to a target quit date. Questionnaires including demographics, medical and psychiatric history, and smoking-related and motivational variables were completed. All participants received strategic advice tailored to their individual needs and pharmacotherapy as appropriate. The primary outcome measures included 7-day point-prevalence abstinence. Our results are reported on the basis of an “intention to treat” analysis. Patients lost to followup were considered smokers. Results: Participants (N = 876; mean age = 50.7(±11.2) years; 47% male) reported smoking on average 23 (≥13.5) cigarettes per day. Mean age of first cigarette use = 19.4 (≥7.1) years. Co-morbidities included hypertension/dyslipidemia (49.3%), respiratory (45.1%), cardiovascular (42.1%), depression (40.9%), gastrointestinal (33.8%), endocrine (24.4%), dermatologic (23.5%), anxiety (23.1%), and cancer (14.0%). Smokers attributed a high level of importance to cessation at the baseline session (mean = 9.4; 0-10 scale), however their confidence level was lower (mean = 6.8; 0-10 scale). First line medications used were nicotine replacement therapy (82.5%), bupropion (7.7%); varenicline (7.1%). On average, participants attended 3 out of 4 sessions. The biochemically confirmed quit rate at the end of the QSP is 18%. Conclusions: The QSP serves primarily smokers with long smoking histories and high levels of nicotine dependence. These participants are frequently already suffering from tobacco-related illnesses and/or psychiatric illness. Despite these challenges, the program has been able to achieve clinically important improvements in cessation outcomes. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone varenicline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptation heart heart rehabilitation patient smoking university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence anxiety drug therapy follow up general aspects of disease health male medical specialist mental disease morbidity neoplasm nicotine replacement therapy nurse practice guideline prevalence questionnaire smoking smoking cessation tobacco tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0b013e3181f3a88f COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 427 TITLE Understanding the impact of war zone experiences: a primer for civilian nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Brennan J.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brennan J.M.) Widener University School of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Brennan, Widener University School of Nursing, USA. SOURCE The Pennsylvania nurse (2010) 65:3 (20-22). Date of Publication: Sep 2010 ISSN 0031-4617 ABSTRACT As the United States continues to fight the war on terror in Iraq and Afghanistan, the number of personnel deployed to war zones and transitioning back to the home front increases. After nine years of intensive experience, military nurses have learned much about the needs of wounded warriors in critical care settings and in acute phases of recovery. Several articles have been published about the lessons learned and skill sets needed by military nurses in critical care settings. The unique nature of the volunteer military, along with the deployment of reservists and contractors to war zones, has created a sub-population of individuals who have transitioned or are transitioning back into their civilian world. Nurses involved in primary care and emergency nursing can learn much from the experiences of those nurses who have worked with traumatic brain injuries (TBI), posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), alcohol abuse and substance abuse as ineffective coping mechanisms and risks of suicide. The purpose of this article is to share some of the lessons learned by military and veterans administration healthcare workers with civilian nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) brain injury (epidemiology) depression (epidemiology) posttraumatic stress disorder (epidemiology) soldier EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education emergency nursing human Internet military nursing nurse attitude organization and management primary health care psychological aspect statistics suicide United States (epidemiology) war LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21061783 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21061783) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 428 TITLE The effect of gambling activities on happiness levels of nursing home residents. AUTHOR NAMES Dixon M.R. Nastally B.L. Waterman A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dixon M.R.) Behavior Analysis and Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Institute, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA. (Nastally B.L.; Waterman A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Dixon, Behavior Analysis and Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Institute, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA. Email: mdixon@siu.edu SOURCE Journal of applied behavior analysis (2010) 43:3 (531-535). Date of Publication: 2010 Fall ISSN 1938-3703 (electronic) ABSTRACT The current study evaluated the effect of participating in simulated gambling activities on happiness levels of 3 nursing home residents. A 4-component analysis was used to measure objective responses associated with happiness during baseline, varying durations of engagement in simulated gambling activities, and 2 follow-up periods. Results indicated that all residents exhibited a higher percentage of happiness levels while engaged in simulated gambling activities compared with baseline. Follow-up assessment took place 10 min and 30 min following the intervention; no lasting effects were observed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) geriatric assessment happiness nursing home pathological gambling EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article female human male social environment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21358915 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21358915) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2010.43-531 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 429 TITLE Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) military mental health issues. Information on the wars' signature wounds: posttraumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury. AUTHOR NAMES Wieland D. Hursey M. Delgado D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wieland D.) La Salle University, School of Nursing & Health Sciences, USA. (Hursey M.; Delgado D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Wieland, La Salle University, School of Nursing & Health Sciences, USA. SOURCE The Pennsylvania nurse (2010) 65:3 (4-11; quiz 12-13). Date of Publication: Sep 2010 ISSN 0031-4617 ABSTRACT This topic can be related to the nursing profession and the need to be better educated on military mental health. Since mood disorder, suicide, alcohol abuse, PTSD and TBI are evident in actively serving and returning service members, it is imperative to educate nurses and healthcare providers about these conditions, the available evidence-based treatments and referrals to programs for these signature OEF/OIF wounds. The authors encourage nurse educators to consider ways to include military mental health and other service-related health issues into nursing curricula and to use Veterans Administration and veterans-related healthcare facilities for clinical courses. As the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq continue into the foreseeable future, many veterans will be seen not only in VA facilities, but they will self-refer to academic and community hospitals, and psychiatric and rehabilitation centers. It is important for all nurses to be aware of the effects of PTSD, depression, suicide, substance abuse and TBI on our patients and to be effective advocates for quality care of veterans in all settings. Nurses need to advocate for screening and provision of mental health services in primary care settings. When such services are offered in primary care settings, it normalizes the care and the service member will more likely allow themselves to receive the care (Jones, 2004). All nurses must understand the price of war experienced by U.S. service members and their families, and in particular, the invisible wounds of war. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain injury (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy) posttraumatic stress disorder (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy) soldier veteran EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education health care delivery health service human military medicine military nursing nurse attitude organization and management risk factor social psychology United States (epidemiology) war LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21061780 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21061780) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 430 TITLE Human trafficking: The role of the health care provider AUTHOR NAMES Dovydaitis T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dovydaitis T., dtiffany@nursing.upenn.edu) The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Center for Health Equity Research, Claire M. Fagin Hall, 418 Curie Blvd., Floor 2L, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4217, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Dovydaitis, The University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Center for Health Equity Research, Claire M. Fagin Hall, T32 Doctoral Fellow, 418 Curie Blvd. Floor 2L, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4217, United States. Email: dtiffany@nursing.upenn.edu SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2010) 55:5 (462-467). Date of Publication: September 2010 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell, 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Human trafficking is a major public health problem, both domestically and internationally. Health care providers are often the only professionals to interact with trafficking victims who are still in captivity. The expert assessment and interview skills of providers contribute to their readiness to identify victims of trafficking. The purpose of this article is to provide clinicians with knowledge on trafficking and give specific tools that they may use to assist victims in the clinical setting. Definitions, statistics, and common health care problems of trafficking victims are reviewed. The role of the health care provider is outlined through a case study and clinical practice tools are provided. Suggestions for future research are also briefly addressed. © 2010 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care personnel human trafficking social problem EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse article clinical practice depression drug dependence food deprivation health care access health care need health care planning human relation injury interview knowledge posttraumatic stress disorder priority journal sexually transmitted disease sleep deprivation stress suicidal ideation torture victim violence EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010463202 MEDLINE PMID 20732668 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20732668) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.12.017 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 431 TITLE Addressing physical health problems experienced by people with schizophrenia in Canada: A critical literature review AUTHOR NAMES Nitkin D.I.R.K. Gastaldo D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nitkin D.I.R.K.; Gastaldo D.) Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Canada. (Nitkin D.I.R.K.) Brazilian Project, University of Toronto, ON, Canada. (Gastaldo D.) Centre for Critical Qualitative Health Research, University of Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. I. R. K. Nitkin, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2010) 42:3 (124-140). Date of Publication: September 2010 ISSN 0844-5621 BOOK PUBLISHER McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University St Montreal, PQ, H3 A 2A7, Canada. ABSTRACT The authors present a critical review of the literature produced by Canadian researchers regarding medical co-morbidities and the resources and strategies they recommend for assessing and managing the physical health problems of people with schizophrenia. Scientific production in the field consists of 9 original research articles and 6 literature reviews, revealing a dearth of studies in this area in Canada. The studies examined show that diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and substance abuse are the most frequent co-morbidities affecting people with schizophrenia. Another finding is that most researchers are challenged methodologically to generalize results due to limitations in design or sample characteristics.The authors point to the need for more research to better understand the role of treatment, individual characteristics, lifestyle, and structural issues in the development of co-morbidities among people with schizophrenia. They also discuss the importance of addressing these topics in nursing practice and education. © McGill University School of Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) schizophrenia (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Canada comorbidity human pathophysiology review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French MEDLINE PMID 21086781 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21086781) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 432 TITLE Mental health challenges and strengths of street-involved youth: The need for a multi-determined approach AUTHOR NAMES McCay E. Langley J. Beanlands H. Cooper L. Mudachi N. Harris A. Blidner R. Bach K. Dart C. Howes C. Miner S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCay E.) Urban Health, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada. (Langley J.) Intervention in Psychosis Program, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. (Beanlands H.) Master of Nursing, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Canada. (Cooper L.) Collaborative Undergraduate Degree Program, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Canada. (Mudachi N.; Harris A.; Blidner R.) Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Canada. (Bach K.) Yonge Street Mission, Toronto, Canada. (Dart C.) Turning Point Youth Services, Toronto, Canada. (Howes C.) Covenant House, Toronto, Canada. (Miner S.) Street Outreach Services, Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. McCay, Urban Health, Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2010) 42:3 (30-49). Date of Publication: September 2010 ISSN 0844-5621 BOOK PUBLISHER McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University St Montreal, PQ, H3 A 2A7, Canada. ABSTRACT The social environments and activities of homeless youth frequently create a downward spiral, leading to drug abuse and survival sex as well as self-harm behaviours and suicidality. This study employed a mixed-methods approach to assess the mental health challenges and strengths of street-involved youth. A convenience sample of 70 homeless young people completed a series of standardized questionnaires evaluating mental health symptoms as well as resilience and self-esteem.Two focus groups were also held to capture the perceived mental health needs of street-involved youth. These young people (aged 16-24) were found to have high levels of mental health symptoms compared to other groups of young adults. However, they also exhibited moderately high levels of resilience and self-esteem. Therefore, multi-component mental health programs and interventions that address both strengths and challenges may well help street-involved youth to work towards social re-integration and, ultimately, improved quality of life. © McGill University School of Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) homelessness mental health mental health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article Canada health care human information processing organization and management questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French MEDLINE PMID 21086775 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21086775) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 433 TITLE Effect of targeted nurse education on emergency department nurse perception of narcotic use in sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis AUTHOR NAMES Lyon M.L. Jenkins D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lyon M.L.; Jenkins D.) Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.L. Lyon, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Hematology (2010) 85:8 (E10). Date of Publication: August 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 4th Annual Sickle Cell Disease Research and Educational Symposium and Grant Writing Institute and Annual National Sickle Cell Disease Scientific Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Hollywood, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-02-14 to 2010-02-19 ISSN 0361-8609 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Liss Inc. ABSTRACT Due to frequent visits to the emergency department (ED) for vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), sickle cell (SC) patients are often viewed as drug-seekers by ED staff. The purpose of this project was to test the effect of a focused educational intervention on ED nurse perception of SC patients presenting for VOC management. This was a prospective observational trial using a one-group, pretest/posttest, descriptive design. This study was conducted at an academic medical center with an annual census of 78,000 patients per year with a large SC population. An educational program consisting of a PowerPoint lecture was developed concerning SC disease, focusing on the life-long aspects of the disease process, the pathophysiology of VOC, narcotic use and addiction. The program also included the American Pain Society guidelines for the treatment of pain. The effectiveness of this educational intervention was assessed by gathering pre and post intervention data from ED nurses using a survey. Survey topics were: compatibility of the education to clinical practice (Does this information add to your current knowledge of SC VOC?); the relative advantage of education to clinical practice (Is it beneficial to change your practice?); information complexity (Is the information too difficult to integrate into clinical practice?); and commitment to change practice (Will you use the information to change your practice?) Each survey topic utilized a series of semantic differential scales in a combination with a Likert scale (1 most positive / 7 most negative). The semantic differential scale is one of the most widely used scales in the measurement of research subject attitude. The pre-test survey was completed at the nurse's convenience prior to the program, and the post-educational survey was assessed immediately thereafter. All ED nurses were invited to participate, and an IRB approved consent was obtained. Paired t-tests were used to determine whether the educational intervention resulted in changes in the nurse attitudes. Sixty-two (73.8%) of 84 ED nurses participated in the educational program. Nurses rating of whether the information added to their current knowledge (compatibility) improved from a mean of 8.98 to 6.89 (p=0.014). Relative advantage of education to clinical practice improved from a mean of 12.58 to 8.94 (p=<0,0001). Level of complexity of material improved after the intervention from a mean of 12,76 to 8.29 (p<0,0001). Commitment to change practice improved after the program from a mean of 1.95 to 1.4 (p<0,01) indicating that the group was open to change prior to the education but had more commitment after the education. A focused educational intervention had a significant impact on ED nurse perception of sickle cell patient narcotic use in the VOC and awareness of the APS guidelines. Further work is needed to determine if this effect carries over to clinical practice. This research project was unfunded. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency ward human nurse nursing education sickle cell sickle cell anemia writing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction clinical practice education nurse attitude pain pathophysiology patient population population research research subject semantic differential scale society Student t test university hospital LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.21763 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 434 TITLE Development of alcohol (and other drugs)-related risk adolescents by school nurses and doctors in secondary school of Parisian region, using DEP-ADO questionnaire and brief motivational interventions AUTHOR NAMES Lécallier D. Hadj-Slimane F. Michaud P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lécallier D.; Hadj-Slimane F.; Michaud P.) Insitut de Promotion de la Prévention Secondaire en Addictologie, IPPSA, 32 rue Fernand-Pelloutier, Clichy, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Lécallier, Insitut de Promotion de la Prévention Secondaire en Addictologie, IPPSA, 32 rue Fernand-Pelloutier, Clichy, France. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2010) 34 SUPPL. 3 (47A). Date of Publication: August 2010 CONFERENCE NAME International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism World Congress, ISBRA 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2010-09-13 to 2010-09-16 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Consumption of alcohol tobacco and cannabis has shown important changes in France in the last decade, with a rise of the frequency of binge drinking and the more common daily consumption of cannabis, i the same time as tobacco smoking was slightly decreasing. So as to give a more accurate intervention in adolescents attending secondary schools we trained 100 school nurses and doctors for the use of the questionnaire DEP-ADO, and for brief motivational interventions, to assess whether the systematic use of the questionnaire was able to increase the number of consultations in specialized consultations aiming youth's cannabis (and other drugs) use. 2,000 youths were randomly assigned in two groups: 1,000 were called at nurse's practice for an assessment with the questionnaire, 1,000 (matched by age, school and level) received a short information and a booklet giving the possibility of an subsequent interview with the nurse and/or a consultation in the specialized out patient clinic. If the risk related to the consumption reported by the youth was found low, the school nurse was supposed to simply value the situation; if it was found medium, she had to achieve a brief motivational interview aiming the reduction of the consumption and consequently of the related risk; if it was found high, she had to guide the youth to accept a specialized consultation, in a motivational approach. The results were negative for the main criterion, ie the rates of consultation in both groups were not different in the specialized clinics. Nevertheless, a significantly higher number of consultations at school nurse's practice were noted. The discussion of the first result showed that distance and difficulty to encounter unknown professionals are the main obstacles for the youth's consultations. One of the possible responses to this obstacle is the development of automatically delivered advice, through the internet or through interfaces like 'prevention touchscreens' as developed now by our Institute. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cannabis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent alcoholism high school medical research physician questionnaire risk school health nursing society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS consultation drinking France hospital Internet interview juvenile nurse outpatient prevention school smoking tobacco LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01292-3.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 435 TITLE Prediction of un-planned readmission to hospital for patients with schizophrenia - A cohort-study of 277 patients AUTHOR NAMES Kroken R. Mellesdal L.S. Jørgensen H.A. Wentzel-Larsen T. Johnsen E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kroken R.; Mellesdal L.S.; Johnsen E.) Haukeland University Hospital, Department for research Psychiatric Division, Bergen-Sandviken, Norway. (Jørgensen H.A.) University of Bergen, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Bergen-Sandviken, Norway. (Wentzel-Larsen T.) Haukeland University Hospital, Center for Clinical Research, Bergen, Norway. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Kroken, Haukeland University Hospital, Department for research Psychiatric Division, Bergen-Sandviken, Norway. SOURCE European Neuropsychopharmacology (2010) 20 SUPPL. 3 (S444-S445). Date of Publication: August 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 23rd European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ECNP Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Amsterdam, Netherlands CONFERENCE DATE 2010-08-28 to 2010-09-01 ISSN 0924-977X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT Purpose of the study: To examine the level of un-planned readmissions to psychiatric hospital for patients with schizophrenia after discharge from an acute admission. Further; to examine the risk-modifying effects of the treatment-related variables antipsychotic treatment, a contact with a district specialist treatment centre (DPC), or involuntary outpatient treatment orders. Methods: All patients with an ICD-10 clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia consecutively admitted between 01.05.2005 and 30.04.2008 to the Psychiatric Acute Unit at the Haukeland University Hospital were followed after discharge, the study ended at the 01.01.2009. Data for the treatment-related factors antipsychotic treatment, contact with a DPC, or involuntary treatment orders were recorded until un-planned readmission or the patients were censored from the study because of death, moving out of catchment area or the study ended. The risk-modifying effects with respect to un-planned readmissions of the treatment-related factors were evaluated in a survival analysis (Cox regression) together with the confounder variables gender, age at first admission, number of admissions, age at index admission and a comorbid alcohol or drug problem. Results: 277 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were admitted in the study period, 64.6% males. Mean age at admission was 42.3 (SD 13.8) years, 13.4% was first-ever admittances, 17.3% had a co-morbid alcohol or drug-problem, and the mean number of admittances including the index admission were 4. Four of the patients were censored because of death, 7 moved or were lost to follow-up, and 112 were censored at the end of the study. An un-planned readmission to hospital was registered for 55.6% patients, with a mean follow-up time of 218 days for the readmitted patients. 11.2% was readmitted the first 30 days, 44.8% the first year after discharge. The survival analysis (Cox regression) with days to un-planned readmission as the dependent variable gave the following results (adjusted hazard ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals and p-values): Antipsychotic use: one antipsychotic drug compared to no antipsychotic drug: 0.26, (0.17-0.39), p<0.001. Two or more antipsychotic drugs compared to no antipsychotic drug: 0.44, (0.27-0.70), p<0.001. Treatment contact in the DPC: Out-patient DPC treatment compared to no DPC treatment: 0.68, (0.45-1.01), p = 0.057. Inpatient DPC treatment compared to no DPC treatment: 0.61, (0.37-0.99), p = 0.048. Involuntary treatment orders without antipsychotic treatment order compared to no treatment order: 2.05, (1.27-3.29), p = 0.003. Involuntary treatment orders with antipsychotic treatment order compared to no treatment order: 3.42, (1.86-6.31), p≤0.001. Conclusions: Our main finding is a significant and strong riskreducing effect of antipsychotic treatment with respect to unplanned readmission to psychiatric hospital, there was also a risk-reducing effect of having a treatment in a District Specialist Treatment Centre. The finding of a risk-increasing effect of outpatient treatment orders was not unexpected as these orders are used for patients with serious problems of violence and low insight in their disease. Limitations in the study are that we were not able to control for adherence of the antipsychotic treatment, and that municipality based interventions as sheltered housing and consultations with a psychiatric nurse was not recorded. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol neuroleptic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cohort analysis college hospital hospital readmission patient prediction psychopharmacology schizophrenia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS catchment confidence interval consultation death dependent variable diagnosis drug abuse follow up gender hazard ratio hospital patient housing involuntary commitment male medical specialist mental hospital nurse outpatient proportional hazards model risk statistical significance survival university hospital violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(10)70647-7 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 436 TITLE Alcohol use and pregnancy consensus clinical guidelines. AUTHOR NAMES Carson G. Cox L.V. Crane J. Croteau P. Graves L. Kluka S. Koren G. Martel M.J. Midmer D. Nulman I. Poole N. Senikas V. Wood R. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Carson G.; Cox L.V.; Crane J.; Croteau P.; Graves L.; Kluka S.; Koren G.; Martel M.J.; Midmer D.; Nulman I.; Poole N.; Senikas V.; Wood R.; Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Carson, SOURCE Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstétrique et gynécologie du Canada : JOGC (2010) 32:8 Suppl 3 (S1-31). Date of Publication: Aug 2010 ISSN 1701-2163 ABSTRACT to establish national standards of care for the screening and recording of alcohol use and counselling on alcohol use of women of child-bearing age and pregnant women based on the most up-to-date evidence. published literature was retrieved through searches of PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library in May 2009 using appropriate controlled vocabulary (e.g., pregnancy complications, alcohol drinking, prenatal care) and key words (e.g., pregnancy, alcohol consumption, risk reduction). Results were restricted to literature published in the last five years with the following research designs: systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. There were no language restrictions. Searches were updated on a regular basis and incorporated in the guideline to May 2010. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment (HTA) and HTA-related agencies, national and international medical specialty societies, clinical practice guideline collections, and clinical trial registries. Each article was screened for relevance and the full text acquired if determined to be relevant. The evidence obtained was reviewed and evaluated by the members of the Expert Workgroup established by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. The quality of evidence was evaluated and recommendations were made according to guidelines developed by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. the quality of evidence was rated using the criteria described by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1). the Public Health Agency of Canada and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. ENDORSEMENT: these consensus guidelines have been endorsed by the Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Quebec; the Canadian Association of Midwives; the Canadian Association of Perinatal, Women's Health and Neonatal Nurses (CAPWHN); the College of Family Physicians of Canada; the Federation of Medical Women of Canada; the Society of Rural Physicians of Canada; and Motherisk. SUMMARY STATEMENTS: 1. There is evidence that alcohol consumption in pregnancy can cause fetal harm. (II-2) There is insufficient evidence regarding fetal safety or harm at low levels of alcohol consumption in pregnancy. (III) 2. There is insufficient evidence to define any threshold for low-level drinking in pregnancy. (III) 3. Abstinence is the prudent choice for a woman who is or might become pregnant. (III) 4. Intensive culture-, gender-, and family-appropriate interventions need to be available and accessible for women with problematic drinking and/or alcohol dependence. (II-2). 1. Universal screening for alcohol consumption should be done periodically for all pregnant women and women of child-bearing age. Ideally, at-risk drinking could be identified before pregnancy, allowing for change. (II-2B) 2. Health care providers should create a safe environment for women to report alcohol consumption. (III-A) 3. The public should be informed that alcohol screening and support for women at risk is part of routine women's health care. (III-A) 4. Health care providers should be aware of the risk factors associated with alcohol use in women of reproductive age. (III-B) 5. Brief interventions are effective and should be provided by health care providers for women with at-risk drinking. (II-2B) 6. If a woman continues to use alcohol during pregnancy, harm reduction/treatment strategies should be encouraged. (II-2B) 7. Pregnant women should be given priority access to withdrawal management and treatment. (III-A) 8. Health care providers should advise women that low-level consumption of alcohol in early pregnancy is not an indication for termination of pregnancy. (II-2A). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (complication, diagnosis, therapy) drinking behavior (adverse drug reaction, epidemiology) fetal alcohol syndrome (etiology, prevention) fetus disease (etiology, prevention) pregnancy complication (diagnosis, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcohol abstinence alcoholic beverage (drug analysis) article Canada (epidemiology) consensus counseling female human mass screening maternal care patient education practice guideline pregnancy randomized controlled trial (topic) risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 21172102 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21172102) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 437 TITLE Teaching thoughtful practice: Narrative pedagogy in addictions education AUTHOR NAMES Vandermause R.K. Townsend R.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vandermause R.K., rvandermause@wsu.edu; Townsend R.P.) Washington State University, College of Nursing, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.K. Vandermause, Washington State University, College of Nursing, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, United States. Email: rvandermause@wsu.edu SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2010) 30:5 (428-434). Date of Publication: July 2010 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Preparing practitioners for this rapidly changing and demanding health care environment is challenging. A surge in knowledge development and scientific advancement has placed a priority on technical skill and a focus on content driven educational processes that prepare students for evidence-based practice. However, the most difficult health care scenarios require thinking-in-action and thoughtfulness as well as didactic knowledge. It is our contention that interpretive educational methods, like narrative pedagogy, will promote judgment-based practice that includes use of evidence and delivery of thoughtful care. In this article, we describe and interpret a narrative approach to addictions content and teaching thoughtful practice. We present our pedagogical process, including observations and field notes, to show how interpretive pedagogies can be introduced into nursing curricula. By presenting this process, the reader is invited to consider interpretive methods as a way to inspire and habituate thoughtful practice and judgment-based care. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum learning nursing education teaching verbal communication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education educational model evidence based nursing human nursing qualitative research LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19889482 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19889482) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.09.017 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 438 TITLE The healthy ageing model: Health behaviour change for older adults AUTHOR NAMES Potempa K.M. Butterworth S.W. Flaherty-Robb M.K. Gaynor W.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Potempa K.M., potempa@umich.edu) University of Michigan, School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls, Suite 1320, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. (Butterworth S.W., butterwo@comcast.net) Oregon Health and Science University, 3030 SW Moody Avenue, Suite 105, Portland, OR 97201, United States. (Flaherty-Robb M.K., robbfam@hotmail.com) MFR and Associates, 2935 Hunter Way, West Linn, OR 97068, United States. (Gaynor W.L., gaynorandassociates@gmail.com) Gaynor and Associates, LLC, 5742 NW Skyline Boulevard, Portland, OR 97229-1303, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.M. Potempa, University of Michigan, School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls, Suite 1320, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. Email: potempa@umich.edu SOURCE Collegian (2010) 17:2 (51-55). Date of Publication: July 2010 ISSN 1322-7696 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Proposed is a model of primary care for older adults with chronic health conditions that focuses on active engagement in health care. The Healthy Ageing Model is anchored in established theory on motivation and health behaviour change. The model draws on empirical and applied clinical underpinnings in such diverse areas as health promotion and education, treatment of addictions or obesity, management of chronic diseases, goal-setting, and coaching techniques. The conceptual foundation for the Healthy Ageing Model is described first, followed by a brief description of the key characteristics of the model. In conclusion, suggestions are offered for the clinical application and for further developing the model. © 2010 Royal College of Nursing, Australia. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aging chronic disease (prevention) health behavior health promotion primary health care psychological model EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article attitude to health cooperation directive counseling health service human interview methodology motivation nurse patient relationship nursing organization and management patient care patient care planning patient education physiology psychological aspect self care LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20738056 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20738056) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2010.04.008 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 439 TITLE Training in pain management AUTHOR NAMES Kav S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kav S.) Baskent University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Baglica, Ankara, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kav, Baskent University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Baglica, Ankara, Turkey. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (433). Date of Publication: July 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Larnaca, Cyprus CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10 ISSN 1077-4114 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Pain is a multidimensional and complex phenomenon that requires an interdisciplinary approach for assessment and intervention. Many professions are involved, directly and indirectly, in working toward the effective management of pain experienced by patients in a variety of clinical settings. Therefore pain education and training are fundamental to good pain relief. Pain management is also being accepted as a basic human right, it is even more important to train health professionals to be competent in the areas of pain assessment and treatment. Despite major initiatives by accrediting agencies, pain initiatives, and professional organizations, knowledge of pain management is still inadequate. Precisely why pain is underassessed and under-treated is not entirely understood. However, some reports from the literature suggested that this may be attributed to personal barriers such as knowledge, beliefs, and values. A number of studies indicate that knowledge deficits and inadequate pain assessment are the most important barriers for healthcare professionals in implementing pain management. Undergraduate courses in pain management are inadequate as a preparation for professional life. In a qualitative analysis of medical and nursing faculty and students' knowledge of and attitudes toward cancer pain management1; themes in informants' knowledge of pain included knowledge deficits about medications and adjunct therapies and the presence of pain management in the curriculum, and the role of knowledgeable faculty members and mentors in the dissemination of information about pain management. Themes in the meanings informants' assigned to pain included opioidphobia, and the (inter-) subjectivity of pain. Faculty should have current knowledge of pain theory, assessment, management, and research; critically examine accuracy of pain management content in curricula; review textbooks for content accuracy; integrate content throughout learning continuum and consult with clinical pain experts. Schools worldwide should establish formal pain management education in each year of their curricula. This will enable graduating students everywhere to be well equipped to ease their patients' pain. The basic curriculum for pain management should include; neurophysiology; barriers to pain management; assessment; addiction, tolerance, and physical dependence; pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies; psychosocial, cultural and spiritual impact of pain. The complexity of the pain management process should be recognized by institutions and healthcare providers by providing ongoing pain education and continuous monitoring of documentation of pain assessment.2 Ongoing pain management education is essential if we are going to change attitudes and knowledge and affect pain management practices. Studies that investigate methods to promote uniform approaches to pain management are worthwhile to pursue. Strategies such as reading materials, lectures, and workshops fail to change practice to an acceptable level or fail to have lasting effects. Role modeling has been shown to be effective, although only as one aspect of a multipart approach. However, self-study modules, computer simulators3 and one-on-one audit with feedback and coaching4 have been documented as useful interventions to change practice. In Turkey there are few studies available regarding the knowledge, beliefs, and practices on cancer pain management, which gives some perspectives from nurses5 and doctors.6 These studies revealed the need to promote knowledge of pain management, also empathy and empathic communication in relation to pain. Pain management services are usually run by anesthesiology departments in Turkey. However, in recent years, some centers have set up new departments dealing only with pain management. Most medical and nursing schools do not teach pain management at desired level. By 1993, the Turkish Society of Algology (established in 1987) became a regular chapter of the International Association for the Study of Pain. The academic activities of the society included publishing a scientific journal, organizing several conferences, publishing and distributing relevant booklets, and incorporating palliative care into the curriculum of medical students.7 Recently Palliative Care Program Action Plan has been prepared in the National Cancer Program for 2009-20158 after 3 big workshops organized by Cancer Control Department of Turkish Ministry of Health. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm pain palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia anesthesiology book cancer control cancer pain computer curriculum documentation drug dependence drug therapy education empathy feedback system health health care personnel health practitioner human rights interpersonal communication learning medical audit medical society medical student model monitoring neurophysiology nursing education occupation pain assessment patient physician publishing qualitative analysis reading school scientific literature society student teacher therapy workshop LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 440 TITLE “Challenges and obstacles facing the oncologist in pain management” my personal experience. The Cyprus experience AUTHOR NAMES Malas S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Malas S.) Limassol Oncology Center, Limassol, Cyprus. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Malas, Limassol Oncology Center, Limassol, Cyprus. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (423-424). Date of Publication: July 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Larnaca, Cyprus CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10 ISSN 1077-4114 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Pain means an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. It can be classified into nociceptive (visceral or somatic), neuropathic, mixed, or with undetermined pathophy-siology and psychologically based. Careful evaluation is necessary to prevent inappropriate treatment and is primarily clinical and based on probability and pattern recognition. Pain management is very important to assure that the needs of the patients who experience problems with pain are met. Because pain is multidimensional, it is helpful to think in terms of total pain, encompassing physical, psychologic, social, and spiritual aspects of suffering. Treatment of pain may include the use of medications or application of other modalities and medical devices, such as, but not limited to, heat or cold massages, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupuncture, neurolytic techniques such as radiofrequency coagulation and cryotherapy, modification of the pathologic process such as radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, modification of way of life, and environment, etc. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other organizations have designated morphine and codeine as essential analgesics for the treatment of pain; (1) their safety and efficacy have been proven in many studies. Morphine consumption has been used for several years as one general indicator of the availability of pain treatment in countries of the world. Looking at Morphine consumption in Cyprus from 1991 to 2007, there was a 5-fold increase (from 0.7 to 2.86mg/ capita). That was the result of the establishment of palliative care teams in Cyprus under nongovernmental organisations (The Cyprus Association of Cancer Patients and Friends (PASYKAF) and the Cyprus Anti-Cancer Society (CACS). Although the use of Morphine in Cyprus has increased, it remains well below the world and European average. Cyprus reported in 2007 a per capita consumption (2.86mg/capita) significantly lower than the global average (5.98 mg/capita) and the European average of 12.37 mg/capita (2). So in that aspect we still have a long way to go. There are a number of factors, to my knowledge, why pain is not treated appropriate in Cyprus. The healthcare providers, the health care system, the patients, and their families are the main obstacles to pain relief in cancer patients. Why is that? Why doctors and the other health care personal are reluctant or insufficiently relieve pain? The main reasons to my knowledge are these: Lack of education related to pain Lack of knowledge (ignorance) or understanding of pain physiology and management Inadequate knowledge of medications or other treatment options Lack of or inadequate pain assessment False judgment of patient Concerns about side effects Under treatment Little censure for inadequate attention to pain Concern about use of controlled substances Fear of addiction and tolerance Occasionally legal barriers-regulatory scrutiny Inadequate time Lack of the interdisciplinary team: Role of RN, MD, SW, Pharmacists etc What are the obstacles from the health care system? These are probably: Confusion regarding drug safety Limited availability of multidisciplinary pain clinics Restrictive regulation of controlled substances Worsening problems of availability of opioids Significant limits on numbers of pills by reimbursement pharmacies Restrictive limits and disparities Time constraints The patient and family members have occasionally: Reluctance to report pain Reluctance to take pain medications Poor adherence with the prescribed analgesic regimen Concerns about addiction/tolerance/side effects Lack of knowledge regarding use of pain medications Caregiver burden The health care professionals in Cyprus dealing with pain control in cancer patients are mostly the Oncologists, a very limited number of Physicians with special training in Palliative Care, and the nurses of the 2 associations in Cyprus (PASYKAF, CACS). They have to fight on a daily basis against all the obstacles that I mentioned above. In Cyprus there is no medical school, so all the doctors are being trained in different countries, mostly Europe. The syllabus of Palliative Care training is not the same in each country, so their experience regarding pain control in cancer patients differs substantially. If there was a medical school, the Oncology Society, or the 2 Palliative Care organizations could be able to make their contribution regarding this issue. We have organized over the last couple of years a number of conferences, seminars, etc. regarding Palliative Care and especially pain control but unfortunately the participation of the medical profession in Cyprus was very limited. Regarding the nurses things are looking more promising. The great majority of the nurses are being trained in Cyprus, and we already made a number of very important positive steps regarding their training and palliative care experience. We are educating nurses especially at the main local General hospitals, but in Cyprus the nurses can only advice and not prescribe analgesics. The health care system in Cyprus came a long way regarding pain control. We have now a lot of different drugs for pain control than 15 years ago, although occasionally we experience a shortage of certain drugs. Recently we were out of stock of Fentanyl 25mcg/h patches for a whole month. We are at the process of getting Methadone under strict regulations for a limited number of cancer patients (available in the country for prescription by psychiatrists in the management of opioid addiction). And what about the patient and his/her family members? Is he/she so bad that you need to prescribe Morphine, doctor? This is one of the many fears that we have to face on a daily basis when Morphine is being prescribed. The patient, by not taking Morphine, is trying to show to the family that he/she is better even when he/she experiences excruciating pain. Occasionally family members are not giving analgesics especially Morphine to the patients as they fear from addiction, tolerance etc. and although the patient requests that. So it is tragic that despite the availability of straight forward and cost effective therapies, the management of Cancer pain remains still a subject to discuss. We need continuous education for everybody in the field, from medical professionals, to the health care system, the patients and their families, and many more. We need to fight more to overcome all these barriers for our patients because they deserve to live their life pain free. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent codeine fentanyl methadone morphine opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Cyprus neoplasm pain palliative therapy personal experience EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acupuncture addiction analgesia cancer pain cancer patient caregiver burden chemotherapy cryotherapy decision making devices drug safety drug therapy education environment Europe fear friend general hospital health care health care personnel health care system heat hormonal therapy massage medical profession medical school nerve stimulation nurse oncology organization pain assessment pain clinic patient pattern recognition pharmacist pharmacy physical disease by body function physician physiology pill prescription psychiatrist radiofrequency radiotherapy reimbursement safety side effect society surgery therapy tissue injury world health organization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 441 TITLE Current status of cancer pain management in middle eastern countries AUTHOR NAMES Silbermann M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Silbermann M.) Middle East Cancer Consortium, Israel. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Silbermann, Middle East Cancer Consortium, Israel. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (420-421). Date of Publication: July 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Larnaca, Cyprus CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10 ISSN 1077-4114 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT To date, the management of cancer pain has not been incorporated into many areas of clinical practice in most Middle Eastern countries. The 3 main reasons for these facts are these: 1. Priorities in national health care systems Governments' regulations concerning the use of potent opiate-based drugs 3. Lack of education and training in pain management Among those treating patients for pain are 68% physicians, 16% nurses, 4% physiotherapists, and 12% basic scientists (pharmacologists). Of these, only 24% had formal training during their undergraduate studies on pain and its management, which by themselves, were not sufficient to deal with pain problems clinically. At the postgraduate level, in 39% the training was associated with anesthesiology, 28% with general medicine, and 22% with training in nursing. Yet, in 78% of the countries, pain management is not a recognized medical specialty. In 82% of the countries, an official training program in pain management does not exist, and potential trainees prefer to have their training in a specialized pain center in their own country. Currently, a wide range of professionals deal with pain: Anesthesiologists 82%, Neurosurgeons 73%, Oncologists 63%, Nurses 63%, Psychologists/Psychiatrists 50%, and Physiotherapists 54%. As in other parts of the world, acute pain management is taking place in hospitals of all kinds (University, General, Private), and the treatment is primarily aimed at adult patients. Only a third of them are pediatric patients. Whereas the availability of outpatient facilities is growing, specialist teams for acute pain management are less well developed, and their training is not sufficient. Opioid drugs are essential in the management of moderate to acute cancer pain. Fentanyl (a synthetic opioid related to the phenylpi-peridines; and as an analgesic it is estimated to be 80 times more potent than morphine) is readily available to most cancer centers. Methadone (a synthetic i agonist with pharmacologic properties qualitatively similar to morphine) less so. The percentage of patients receiving opioids is less than might be expected or hoped for. In the Middle East, the availability of oral opioids is greater for inpatients than for outpatients; and the permission to prescribe them is given primarily to Oncologists and pain clinicians. Other physicians are, for the most part, restricted in prescribing these drugs. The main reason for this situation relates to the fear of abuse or addiction, government regulations, and lack of training. Hence, the most powerful group of drugs for the relief of cancer pain-the opioids, is not freely available. In summary, the main barriers to good pain management are lack of education, government health policies, and the fear of addiction. Further, one should add the issue of patient compliance. Recommendations: To have better training and better access to drugs for pain relief, which seem to be the major barriers to good pain management. 1. In what could MECC be involved to improve this situation? 2. In promoting pain education programs in Medical and Nursing undergraduate studies. Teaching programs ought also to be incorporated in Psychology and Physiotherapy training. 3. In training pain problems in the trainees' own country and language. 4. As chronic pain is not less of a problem than acute pain, and is most seen at outpatient clinics, training of Family Physicians and General Physicians is of high priority. 5. In encouraging changes in regulations related to the availability of opioids. (The statistical data brought forward in this abstract were retrieved from “Education and Training for Pain Management,” Based on a Report by the International Association for the Study of Pain, Developing Countries Taskforce, November 2007.). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent fentanyl methadone morphine opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain neoplasm palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse addiction adult agonist analgesia anesthesiology anesthesist cancer center chronic pain clinical practice developing country education education program fear general practice general practitioner government government regulation health care policy health care system hospital hospital patient language medical specialist medicine Middle East nurse nursing outpatient outpatient department pain pain clinic patient patient compliance physician physiotherapist physiotherapy psychology public health service scientist student teaching training university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 442 TITLE Practical ways to promote the effective use of opioids in cancer care. The beilinson experience AUTHOR NAMES Morag A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morag A.) Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Medical Center, Rabin Campus, Petach-Tikva, Israel. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Morag, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Medical Center, Rabin Campus, Petach-Tikva, Israel. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (431). Date of Publication: July 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Larnaca, Cyprus CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10 ISSN 1077-4114 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Opioids are the most effective analgesics for severe pain and are the mainstay therapy for patients with cancer with pain (Ballantyne, 2003). The success of opioids therapy depends on the expertise of the prescriber, who must have knowledge of the nuances of the pharmacologic features of the various opioids and experience in their use to make an appropriate selection for each patient (de Leon-Casasola & Lema, 2003). Oncology nurses must become acquainted with new strategies to manage cancer pain including opioids rotation, understand the importance of balancing side effects, recognize potential hazards and provide an effective comprehensive pain control plan (Miaskowski, 2008). Although opioids are available in all Beilinson hospital wards and residents prescribe morphine to patients as needed, there are 3 levels of pain and palliative care at Beilinson hospital, which relate to the nurse's awareness of the symptoms, palliative knowledge, and pain management priorities. The first level relates to the internal nursing staff. Although pain assessment is done on a regular basis, the internal nurses who are very busy, lack necessary knowledge in pain control. Cancer patients, who are hospitalized in the internal wards, often undergo treatments and suffer from pain. The problem is that on one hand the use of morphine may be necessary for pain control but in contrast the nurses do not know how to identify patients who are at risk of addiction to their pain medication. Both groups of patients need to be identified so that appropriate intervention can be initiated to achieve optimal pain management. The second level relates to the Davidoff Center wards and to the ambulatory services. Pain assessment done on a daily basis by the nurses is the gold standard of pain control. It gives data on successful pain interventions, on pain in patients undergoing treatments, and addresses the need of adding other pain control modalities. Nurses are aware and active in titration, opioids rotation, and very often activate the residents to change a patient's pain control plan. Our oncology nurses are skilled with symptom assessment and management and carry out these duties not only for the patients in pain but also for patients who undergo chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy on a daily basis. Patients who receive opioids are monitored for side effects and their treatment plan is changing according to these findings. Still there is a lot to be done with the nurse's diagnosis of chemo/hypercalcemia side effects and the possibility of an opioids overdose. The third levels relates to the Pain and Palliative Service at the Davidoff Center. The service is involved in symptom management in all stages of cancer-curative, life-prolonging, and incurable. They do not confine their activities to incurable cancer and they do not treat nonmalignant conditions. Symptom control includes: presenting complaints, and side effects of treatment and recurrent disease. End-of-life care incorporates management of delirium, existential distress, discussion about the place of death, and support of family. The Pain and Palliative Service at the Davidoff Center is also involved with uncontrolled pain and other complex patient's conditions and constitute a source of pain knowledge and skills for all levels of the nursing staffs. We still face several obstacles toward the wider usage of opioids. These include the patients and families refusal to take morphine because of its connotation to addiction and pharmacists and family doctors objection and restrain from morphine side effects. For the well-being of our cancer patients and toward easing their suffering there is a definite need to expand nursing education and the creation of nursing partnerships at all levels, in the hospital and in the community. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent morphine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction ambulatory care cancer pain cancer patient chemotherapy community death delirium diagnosis drug therapy general practitioner gold standard hazard hospital intoxication nurse nursing nursing education nursing staff oncology pain pain assessment patient pharmacist radiotherapy recurrent disease risk side effect skill terminal care therapy titrimetry ward wellbeing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 443 TITLE School nurses connect schools and parents from home to homeroom to prevent teen medicine abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Suydam L. Garcia A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Suydam L.) Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, USA. (Garcia A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Suydam, Consumer Healthcare Products Association, Washington, DC, USA. SOURCE NASN school nurse (Print) (2010) 25:4 (170-171). Date of Publication: Jul 2010 ISSN 1942-602X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) non prescription drug prescription drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human human relation parent United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20645589 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20645589) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602X10371008 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 444 TITLE The challenges and obstacles in cancer pain management in Turkey AUTHOR NAMES Mutafoglu K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mutafoglu K.) Institute of Oncology, Department Pediatric Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Mutafoglu, Institute of Oncology, Department Pediatric Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (424-425). Date of Publication: July 2010 CONFERENCE NAME Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION Larnaca, Cyprus CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10 ISSN 1077-4114 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT The inadequate management of cancer pain is a serious problem in Turkey. Cancer pain frequently goes ineffectively treated owing to several different factors. There are mainly 3 levels of barriers to effective pain management: the barriers related to providers, the patients and families, and the health system. Provider barriers to effective pain management include: Lack of awareness of patient's pain Inadequate training and education on the management of cancer pain Lack of time and resources to address pain A higher priority given to curing cancer Concern about legal or regulatory sanctions for overuse of opioids. Medical education, not addressing palliative care, has a major impact on inadequate pain management. A great majority of the physicians and nurses are cure-oriented and there is lack of awareness of patient's pain. Most of them do not have adequate education, and training on pain management. Besides, there is lack of time and resources. Careful assessment and understanding of pain requires time in the clinic. However, this is not always possible in the busy clinics in which there is limited time for each patient. The number of health professionals is not enough even to meet the need for curative anticancer treatment. Very limited number of hospital beds is another major barrier to manage severe pain. In Turkey, opioids can only be prescribed using a special type of prescription, the so called “red prescription.” Although all physicians are entitled to prescribe this type of medication, and it is a legal requirement for them to keep red prescription available, most of them do not keep it ready owing to concerns about legal or regulatory sanctions regarding opioids. Nonpharmacologic interventions for pain management are almost unavailable. Most of the health care workers turn a blind eye to these interventions. Patient and family barriers include: Belief that pain is an inevitable part of dealing with cancer Belief that nothing can be done for cancer pain Failure to mention pain to providers Fear that mentioning pain will distract providers from cancer treatment Fear of addiction and dependence to painkillers Failure to access to the prescription of opioids The stigmatization regarding morphine and terminal illness Lack of adherence to treatment regimens There is lack of public awareness regarding the fact that living and dying without pain is a human right. There is an assumption that pain is inevitable in the course of cancer. Patients only rarely express their pain unless it is specifically addressed by physicians or nurses. The time spared per patient is very short, so the patients and the care givers fear that mentioning pain will distract providers from cancer treatment. Although fear of addiction and dependence on part of both patients and providers may play a role in inadequate pain management, we have no studies looked into this important issue. The number of patients who directly refuse opioid analgesics is small. In clinical practice, patients usually agree to use morphine if the physicians inform the patient and the family about the rationale. However, family members often have more concern than the patients. Some patients or family members may show reluctance or poor compliance stem from the perception of morphine as a drug whose prescription marks the beginning of the road toward death. Patients may experience difficulty in getting an opioid prescription. Lack of adherence to treatment regimens is a serious problem for every kind of analgesic medicine. System barriers include: A priority on curing cancer over caring for cancer patients Lack of palliative care organizations Regulatory barriers to effective pain management Lack of communication between specialists and primary care providers The heath care system has a priority on curing cancer over caring for cancer patients. Palliative care has still not been established. Most of the health professionals are even not aware of the recent definition of palliative care. Lack of palliative care organizations, particularly home care and hospices, is the most important barrier to adequate pain management. Among the current barriers is the lack of a functioning drug supply system. Opioid analgesics cannot be found in all pharmacies even though it is legally required. Although nonopioid analgesics are available almost everywhere, only some of the opioid analgesics are available in limited quantities or places, or some are available but underused. The only minor opioid available in the market is tramadol. Codeine, in its pure form, is almost absent. It is only available in some analgesic combination formulas such as paracetamol+ cafein + codein, which causes problems in dose adjustment. The injectable forms of morphine are still available more readily than the oral forms. The currently available parenteral opioids in the market are morphine, fentanyl, and sufentanyl. Immediate release oral morphine, which is the preferred first line major opioid, is not available in Turkey. Although sustained-release oral morphine was earlier available in the market, currently it is not. For economic reasons, health care professionals are encouraged by the industry to use more expensive drugs. There is no oral morphine, but oromucosal fentanyl is available in the market. Transdermal fentanyl is currently the drug of choice to manage cancer pain. The limitations regarding the maximum dose of opioid analgesics in a single red recipe is another obstacle. The lack of communication between oncology specialists and primary care providers plays an important role in inadequate pain management. In conclusion, there is a serious pain treatment gap: it is the difference between what can be done, and what is done about cancer pain. Education and awareness of the need for adequate pain management are necessary first steps. The oncologists, oncology nurses, and pharmacists should be educated and legally empowered to prescribe, dispense, and administer opioid analgesics to patients in accordance with local needs. National standards to establish a palliative care program should be defined urgently. As a priority, we need staff including physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists, physiotherapists, etc to be particularly trained to provide palliative care. Pain medication including opioids must be available in adequate amounts in both parenteral and oral forms, and in the places where patients are living. The government should designate a functional control mechanism for ensuring adequate availability of opioids for medical care. Governmental and institutional efforts to identify and address impediments in the health care and regulatory systems are needed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent codeine fentanyl morphine narcotic analgesic agent opiate paracetamol sufentanil tramadol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain neoplasm palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction cancer patient cancer therapy caregiver clinical practice death drug therapy education eye fear government health care health care personnel health practitioner home care hospice hospital hospital bed human rights industry interpersonal communication market maximum permissible dose medical care medical education medical specialist nurse oncology organization pain patient pharmacist pharmacy physician physiotherapist prescription primary medical care psychologist social worker sustained drug release terminal disease transdermal drug administration LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 445 TITLE VA nursing home residents with substance use disorders: Mental health comorbidities, functioning, and problem behaviors. AUTHOR NAMES Lemke S. Schaefer J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lemke S.) Center for Health Care Evaluation, Menlo Park, CA, USA. (Schaefer J.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Lemke, Center for Health Care Evaluation, Menlo Park, CA, USA. Email: sonne.lemke@va.gov SOURCE Aging & mental health (2010) 14:5 (593-602). Date of Publication: Jul 2010 ISSN 1364-6915 (electronic) ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: This research addresses whether residents with substance use disorders (SUDs) in VA nursing homes (VANHs) are distinctive in terms of their demographic characteristics, medical and mental health comorbidities, functioning, and problem behaviors. METHODS: Residents over age 55 admitted to VANHs (n = 27,002) were identified in VA administrative files, and SUD and non-SUD residents were compared. RESULTS: Compared with other residents, the residents with SUDs (18% of admissions over age 55) were more likely to be younger, male, African-American, unmarried, have low income and a tobacco use disorder. Controlling for demographic factors and smoking, SUD residents were more likely to have mental health comorbidities (dementia, serious mental illness, depressive disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder), as well as AIDS/hepatitis, pulmonary disease, gastro-intestinal disorders, and injuries. SUD residents were less likely to have cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders, heart failure, and renal failure. SUD residents were more independent in activities of daily living, such as mobility and toileting. They were more likely to engage in verbal disruption but not in other problem behaviors such as aggression. With demographic factors and comorbidities controlled, the functioning differences were diminished, and SUD and non-SUD residents did not differ in the levels of problem behaviors. DISCUSSION: VANH residents with SUDs have distinctive patterns of comorbidities and functioning. SUD appears to represent a separate risk factor for VANH admission. Residents with SUDs present challenges but may have good potential for positive discharge outcomes if their substance use problems and limited resources can be addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) antisocial personality disorder (epidemiology) daily life activity government mental disease (epidemiology) mental health nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article comorbidity factual database female health status hospital admission human male United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20480416 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20480416) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607860903586169 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 446 TITLE Smoking habits of students of nursing: A questionnaire survey (2004-2006) AUTHOR NAMES Fernandez D. Martin V. Molina A.J. De Luis J.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fernandez D., daniel.fernandez@unileon.es) Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of León, Oncology Unit, Hospital of León, Spain. (Martin V.; Molina A.J.) Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of León, Spain. (De Luis J.M.) Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of León, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Fernandez, Complejo Asistencial de León, Servicio de Oncología (Planta 5a), Altos de Nava s/n 24701, León, Spain. Email: daniel.fernandez@unileon.es SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2010) 30:5 (480-484). Date of Publication: July 2010 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim: To determine changes in the prevalence of tobacco use among students of nursing and associated factors. Background: The prevalence and distribution of smokers among nursing students varies according to the country and period of study. Method: Transversal descriptive study by self-answered questionnaire. Eight hundred and fifty four subjects (94.9%) were questioned in the period 2004-2006. Findings: Twenty eight percent of the students declared themselves to be smokers. The habit began before the students started university. The tendency of prevalence by year of survey and by graduation year was downward. The students shown a low nicotine dependency according to Fagerström and little motivation to give up. The average age at the onset of consumption was 14.6 (1.8) years. From the logistical regression analysis, the model best explaining the prevalence of tobacco consumption included the variable of year surveyed and academic background, those coming from the baccalaureate showing a lesser prevalence and tendency to smoke. Conclusions: Tobacco consumption among students of health sciences was less than in the general population of the same age but high given their future profession. The tendency to smoke is decreasing and most started smoking before joining the university. We recommend an intensification of actions directed at teenagers and the promotion of anti-tobacco campaigns in universities. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) high risk behavior nursing student smoking (epidemiology) tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article confidence interval health survey human incidence male middle aged multivariate analysis nonparametric test nursing education prevalence questionnaire risk self evaluation Spain (epidemiology) statistical model statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20542191 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20542191) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2009.10.012 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 447 TITLE Facilitators and barriers to intervening for problem alcohol use AUTHOR NAMES Tsai Y.-F. Tsai M. Lin Y. Weng C. Chen C. Chen M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tsai Y.-F., yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw) School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. (Tsai Y.-F., yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw) Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. (Tsai M.) Mei-Chu Tsai MS RN Supervisor Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. (Lin Y.) Yea-Pyng Lin MS RN Supervisor Department of Nursing, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan. (Weng C.) Chih-Erh Weng BS RN Supervisor Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. (Chen C.) Ching-Yen Chen MD Physician Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. (Chen M.) Min-Chi Chen PhD Associate Professor School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.-F. Tsai, School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. Email: yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw SOURCE Journal of Advanced Nursing (2010) 66:7 (1459-1468). Date of Publication: July 2010 ISSN 0309-2402 1365-2648 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT tsai y.-f., tsai m.-c., lin y.-p., weng c.-e., chen c.-y. & chen m.-c. (2010) Facilitators and barriers to intervening for problem alcohol use. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(7), 1459-1468. Title.: Perceived support from healthcare practitioners among adults with type 2 diabetes. Aim.: This article is a report of a study exploring nurses' perceived facilitators and barriers to conducting brief interventions for problem alcohol use. Background.: Excessive alcohol use has been associated with health, social and legal problems. Healthcare providers worldwide need help to detect and intervene with hazardous/harmful drinkers. Methods.: For this cross-sectional study, ten hospitals were randomly selected throughout Taiwan during 2007. Nurses (N =741) were selected from the emergency department, and psychiatric and gastrointestinal medical-surgical units where most patients with alcohol problems are seen. Data collected using facilitator and barrier scales and a demographic information form were analysed by descriptive statistics and stepwise, multiple linear regression analysis. Results.: Nurses identified the top facilitator to intervening for problem alcohol use as 'patients' drinking problems are related to their illness'. Top barriers were 'patients lack motivation to change' and 'patients express no interest in receiving intervention'. Perceived facilitators were associated with nurses' work unit, intention to intervene for problem alcohol use, and age. Perceived barriers were associated with work unit, experience in intervening for problem alcohol use, and having attended a training course. Conclusion.: Source of perceived barriers reflected cultural influences. Taiwanese nurse education needs to be strengthened in terms of brief interventions for problem alcohol use. Emergency department nurses need to become more aware of their important role in alcohol intervention. Alcohol-related education is needed for the general population and hospital policymakers to enhance facilitators and reduce barriers to intervening for problem alcohol use. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health personnel attitude nursing assessment nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical competence clinical trial cross-sectional study female human male middle aged multicenter study nursing psychological aspect self concept statistical model Taiwan LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20492022 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20492022) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05299.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 448 TITLE Attachment organization in a sample of incarcerated mothers: distribution of classifications and associations with substance abuse history, depressive symptoms, perceptions of parenting competency and social support. AUTHOR NAMES Borelli J.L. Goshin L. Joestl S. Clark J. Byrne M.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Borelli J.L.) Department of Psychology, Pomona College, Claremont, USA. (Goshin L.; Joestl S.; Clark J.; Byrne M.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.L. Borelli, Department of Psychology, Pomona College, Claremont, USA. SOURCE Attachment & human development (2010) 12:4 (355-374). Date of Publication: Jul 2010 ISSN 1469-2988 (electronic) ABSTRACT We report attachment classifications in a sample of pregnant women incarcerated in a state prison with a nursery program. Analyses were based on 69 women serving sentences for felony crimes who were followed from the birth of their child to completion of the prison nursery co-residence. They completed the Adult Attachment Interview shortly after entering the program and scales measuring depression, perceived parenting competency, and social support at study entry (Time 1) and program completion (Time 2). Incarcerated mothers had higher rates of insecure attachment than previous low-risk community samples. Compared with dismissing and secure mothers, preoccupied mothers reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, lower parenting competency, and lower satisfaction with social support at the conclusion of the nursery program. Higher scores on unresolved loss and derogation were associated with a history of substance abuse; higher scores on unresolved trauma were associated with depressive symptoms at program completion. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction child parent relation depression mother object relation prisoner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult analysis of variance article comparative study female health status health survey human middle aged multivariate analysis nursery perception prison psychological aspect psychometry regression analysis social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20582845 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20582845) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 449 TITLE Linking India Global Health Professions Student Survey data to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. AUTHOR NAMES Sinha D.N. Singh G. Gupta P.C. Pednekar M. Warrn C.W. Asma S. Lee J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sinha D.N.) School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India. (Singh G.; Gupta P.C.; Pednekar M.; Warrn C.W.; Asma S.; Lee J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.N. Sinha, School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India. SOURCE Indian journal of cancer (2010) 47 Suppl 1 (30-34). Date of Publication: Jul 2010 ISSN 1998-4774 (electronic) ABSTRACT The 2003 India Tobacco Control Act (ITCA) includes provisions designed to reduce tobacco consumption and protect citizens from exposure to secondhand smoke. India ratified the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) on February 27, 2005. The WHO FCTC is the world's first public health treaty that aims to promote and protect public health and reduce the devastating health and economic impact of tobacco. The Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) was developed to track tobacco use among third-year dental, medical, nursing, and pharmacy students across countries. Data from the dental (2005), medical (2006), nursing(2007), and pharmacy (2008) GHPSS conducted in India showed high prevalence of tobacco use and a general lack of training by health professionals in patient cessation counseling techniques. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare could use this information to monitor and evaluate the existing tobacco control program effort in India as well as to develop and implement new tobacco control program initiatives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health survey medical profession smoking (epidemiology, prevention) student tobacco dependence (prevention) tobacco industry world health organization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling human India (epidemiology) legal aspect psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20622411 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20622411) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 450 TITLE Overcoming barriers to cancer pain management; effect of education of patients and medical professionals AUTHOR NAMES Kim S. Yang Y.-J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kim S.; Yang Y.-J.) Chungnam University, Department of Internal Medicine, Daesadong, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kim, Chungnam University, Department of Internal Medicine, Daesadong, South Korea. SOURCE Supportive Care in Cancer (2010) 18 SUPPL. 3 (S149). Date of Publication: June 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2010 International Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, MASCC/International Society for Oral Oncology, ISOO Symposium CONFERENCE LOCATION Vancouver, BC, Canada CONFERENCE DATE 2010-06-24 to 2010-06-26 ISSN 0941-4355 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag ABSTRACT Objectives: Barriers to cancer pain management can be classified into three categories: patient, professional, and regulatory barriers. Incorrect perception of patients and inadequate knowledge of medical professionals regarding cancer pain influences individual patient's pain management. We undertook surveys of pain status of admitted cancer patients before and after educational sessions to patients and medical professional in a university hospital setting and compared the pain status before and after the sessions. Methods: We started a Pain Initiative Group in October 2008 to enhance the effectiveness of pain management throughout our Chungnam University Hospital. Survey of pain and it's management in a consequetive group of 57 hospitalized cancer patients with metastatic diseases complaining pain at admission was undertaken. After that we undertook an educational lecture suited for each group of physicians, nurses, and patients about pain and it's management. In 2009, The same pain survey questions were collected from 53 cancer patients who were hospitalized. The 2 results were compared and analyzad. Results: Results showed improvement in patient's cancer pain indices; 69% of patients complaining significant pain received first dose of analgesics within 10 minutes of admission in 2008 while it was 87% in 2009 (p=0.035). In 2008, 36% of patients reported moderate to severe pain (VAS score>4) at third hospital day while it was 19% in 2009 (p=0.041). The overall incidence of patients reporting moderate to severe pain also decreased (39% in 2008 vs 22% in 2009 (p=0.046). Patients who feared addiction or adverse effects of opioids decreased from 34% to 9% (p=0.003). Conclusions: These r esults suggest that cancer pain education of patients and medical professionals can effectively improve the pain management of hospitalized cancer patients. The weakness of this study may be that the patient groups are not clearly comparable. The optimal format and schedule of educational sessions to medical professionals and the patients should be explored further. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain education neoplasm oncology patient society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adverse drug reaction cancer patient hospital hospital patient metastasis nurse pain physician university hospital weakness LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0891-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 451 TITLE Building the nation's capacity to reduce negative alcohol related consequences through the education of nurses AUTHOR NAMES Savage C.L. Dyehouse J. Pan W. Marcus M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage C.L.; Dyehouse J.; Pan W.; Marcus M.) University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Savage, University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2010) 34:6 (69A). Date of Publication: June 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 33rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-06-26 to 2010-06-30 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: Nurses are indispensable in the building of a national professional health care workforce with the knowledge and clinical skills needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with alcohol use. Since there are 2.42 million registered nurses (RNs) In the U.S. working primarily in acute and primary care settings, providing them with the basic knowledge and skills needed to prevent adverse consequences of alcohol use has an enormous potential impact on the overall health of the nation. The purpose of this report is to present the projected impact of increasing nurses' ability to actively engage in alcohol prevention across settings and the lifespan. Findings: The prevalence of heavy/at risk alcohol use in the United States is high. In 2000 to 2001 over a quarter (28%) of U.S. adults (aged 18 or older), exceeded the recommended limits. Thus at minimum one quarter of all patients that nurses encounter across settings are at risk for adverse alcohol related consequences. With the appropriate knowledge and confidence in their clinical skills nurses can implement primary prevention with children and young adolescents and they can engage in both primary and secondary prevention with older adolescents, young adults, adults and older adults. If every nurse currently in the workforce had these basic skills the nation's capacity to reduce the negative impact of alcohol on health through implementation of early prevention, would be potentially increased by over 2 million workers. Despite the potential presented by having the largest segment of professional health workers trained in early detection and intervention related to alcohol use and its adverse health consequences, alcohol as a health issue is not part of any standard BSN curriculum. Nurses receive no consistent formal education about alcohol use and health nor do they consistently receive training in key prevention skills such as screening and brief intervention (SBI), despite the growing evidence to support the use of SBI in all health care settings. NIAAA has developed a new curriculum specifically for educating baccalaureate nurses in these important skills. Conclusion: The newly developed NIAAA curriculum is a potential solution to a critical gap in nursing education, one that might be expected to have a major impact on the health of the nation. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism education nurse society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcohol consumption child curriculum health health care health care personnel lifespan morbidity mortality nursing education occupational health patient prevalence prevention primary medical care primary prevention registered nurse risk screening secondary prevention skill United States worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01210.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 452 TITLE Factors associated with proton pump inhibitor discontinuation in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Linsky A. Rudolph J. Hermos J. Lawler E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Linsky A.) General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. (Rudolph J.) Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, United States. (Hermos J.; Lawler E.) Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, VA Cooperative Studies Program, VA Boston Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Linsky, General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United States. SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2010) 25 SUPPL. 3 (S276). Date of Publication: June 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine CONFERENCE LOCATION Minneapolis, MN, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-04-28 to 2010-05-01 ISSN 0884-8734 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Continued use of medications, beyond initial indications or targeted endpoints, contributes to over-medication in elderly patients. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed drugs that are often initiated and continued without clear indication. As nursing home admission is an opportunity for review of medication appropriateness, this study sought to identify factors associated with PPI discontinuation among veteran patients admitted to nursing homes. METHODS: The study population includes patients, age 40 years and older, admitted to Veterans Affairs (VA) Community Living Centers in 2005-2006 for a minimum stay of 90 days. Baseline exposure to oral PPIs required an active inpatient prescription within the first three days of admission. The primary outcome was PPI usage (“continuation” or “discontinuation”) at 90 days, with an intermediate outcome of PPI usage at 45 days. Covariates included patient sex, age, year of nursing home admission, comorbidities, and prior PPI use, defined as a VA prescription in the 30 days prior to admission. Multivariable logistic regression and 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated the associations of patient characteristics with PPI discontinuation. RESULTS: We identified 26,743 patients, of whom 6,416 (24%) were prescribed a PPI at admission. This veteran cohort was predominantly male (97.1%), with a median age of 66 years. Of these baseline PPI users, 1,468 (22.9%) had PPIs discontinued at 45 days and 2,006 inclusive (31.3%) had the medication discontinued by 90 days. The remaining 4,440 (68.7%) patients were continued on PPIs. Compared to those with continued PPI use, patients discontinued were similar in age (median age 66 years, IQR 56-80 vs. 67 years, IQR 56-80; p=0.8) and sex (97.4% male vs. 96.9%, p=0.3). There were no statistically significant differences between continuers and discontinuers in prevalence of ICD-9-CM coded comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, malignancy and substance abuse. Those who discontinued were more likely to have prior PPI use (78.5% vs. 71.5%, p<0.0001), be admitted in 2006 rather than 2005 (53.1% vs. 34.0%, p<0.0001) and have dementia (7.2% vs. 5.7%, p=0.01). Discontinuers were less likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (33.0% vs. 37.5%, p=0.0005) and gastric acid or reflux related upper gastrointestinal disorders (33.5% vs. 42.3%, p< 0.0001). In an adjusted model, factors associated with increased odds of PPI discontinuation were dementia [odds ratio (OR) 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.7] and prior PPI use (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.8). Diagnoses of upper gastrointestinal disorders (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60-0.76) and COPD (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.76-0.96) were associated with a decreased odds of discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS: Within 90 days of admission to a VA nursing home, PPI prescriptions were more likely to be discontinued in patients with prior PPI use - that is, not initiated in the nursing home - and those with dementia. Patients with documented upper gastrointestinal diseases and COPD were less likely to have PPIs discontinued. These findings would suggest a reasoned evaluation of PPI needs at early stages of care, but the extent to which physician and system level factors, as well as patient functional status and concurrent medication use, impact decisions of medication discontinuation remains to be elucidated. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) proton pump inhibitor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) internal medicine nursing home patient society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged cardiovascular disease chronic kidney disease chronic obstructive lung disease community living confidence interval dementia diabetes mellitus diagnosis drug therapy exposure functional status gastrointestinal disease hospital patient hypertension liver disease logistic regression analysis male model nursing home patient physician population prescription prevalence risk stomach acid substance abuse veteran LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11606-010-1338-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 453 TITLE Potential impact of a pilot training program on smoking cessation intervention for tuberculosis DOTS providers in Malaysia AUTHOR NAMES Awaisu A. Sulaiman S.A.S. Mohamed M.H.N. Noordin N.M. Muttalif A.R. Mahayiddin A.A. Aziz N.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Awaisu A., pharmahmed@yahoo.com; Sulaiman S.A.S.; Aziz N.A.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. (Mohamed M.H.N.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jln Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar IM,25200 Kuantan, Malaysia. (Noordin N.M.) Department of Health Economics and Finance, Institute for Health Management, Ministry of Health, Jln Rumah Sakit, 59000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (Muttalif A.R.) Department of Respiratory, Penang Hospital, Jln Residensi, 10990 Penang, Malaysia. (Mahayiddin A.A.) Institut Perubatan Respiratori, Jln Pahang, Wilayah Persekutuan, 53000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Awaisu, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. Email: pharmahmed@yahoo.com SOURCE Journal of Public Health (2010) 18:3 (279-288). Date of Publication: June 2010 ISSN 0943-1853 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany. ABSTRACT Background the association between tuberculosis (TB) and tobacco smoking is becoming increasingly important.Smoking cessation may yield substantial positive effects on TB treatment outcomes, relapse, and future lung disease.Thus, TB directly observed therapy, short-course (TBDOTS) providers are uniquely positioned to intervene with those TB patients who are smokers. Unfortunately, most health care professionals are inadequately trained to provide such service.Aim this study aimed to determine the feasibility of developing and implementing a customized training program related to the delivery of an integrated smoking cessation intervention (SCI) for TB DOTS providers and to evaluate its potential impact on their knowledge, attitudes,and perceived competence.Method We developed and delivered a structured training program and materials about treating tobacco use and dependence in TB settings.The training was offered to DOTS providers from six chest clinics in Penang and Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur health districts,Malaysia, who were planned to be involved in a larger project, known as the SCIDOTS Project. A pretest-posttest survey of a single group was conducted.Changes in scores before and after the training program in knowledge and attitude were measured.Results Ten DOTS providers participated in the program and completed both the pretest and posttest survey questionnaire. The trainees' median scores in knowledge of health risks of tobacco and tobacco-related diseases, the association between TB and tobacco, and overall knowledge significantly increased compared to the baseline (p<0.05).Upon completion of the program, the majority of the trainees (70-100%) believed that they were competent and confident in performing most SCI activities.Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that a customized in-service training program on SCI designed for and delivered to TB DOTS providers could significantly improve their knowledge, attitude, and practice related to SCI.It has also highlighted the gap related to SCI in nursing education and calls for urgent curricula reforms. © Springer-Verlag 2009. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking cessation tuberculosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article controlled study education program health care personnel health hazard human intervention study Malaysia pilot study training EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Internal Medicine (6) Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010404582 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-009-0302-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 454 TITLE Use of a pharmacist/nurse model for the delivery of supportive care in adult oncology clinics at the University of North Carolina Hospital AUTHOR NAMES Bernard S.A. Valgus J. Jarr S. Rice M. Schwartz R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bernard S.A.; Valgus J.; Jarr S.; Rice M.; Schwartz R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Bernard, SOURCE Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010) 28:15 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 20 May 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2010 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, ASCO CONFERENCE LOCATION Chicago, IL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-06-04 to 2010-06-08 ISSN 0732-183X BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Clinical Oncology ABSTRACT Background: Since February 2008, we have begun a Supportive Care Consult Service that uses a pharmacist/nurse model of care delivery. Requests are called in from all adult oncology clinics-Hem/Onc; Gyn Onc, Surg Onc, or Rad Onc to the nurse. The team then goes to the individual clinic where the consult is done by either the pharmacist or nurse, with physician backup. A separate half-day clinic was begun in April 2008 to address patients needing ongoing follow-up or complex patients that could not be dealt with as consults only. Methods: We carried out an analysis of the practice with an IRB-approved database using standard descriptive statistical methods. Results: In the first 18 months of the service, 89 new patients were seen. Overall there were 292 encounters, reflecting both new and return visits. Details of the encounters are shown in the Table. Demographics: M/F: 47%/53%; Age: >60 y.o.-45%; 44-59-34%, <44-21%; Ethnic/Racial Group: White 70%, African Am. 21%, Hispanic 8%, Native American 1%; Referral Site: Rad Onc 48%, Med Onc 33%, Gyn Onc 11%, Surg Onc 8%. Pain was the reason for consult in 75%, constipation 11%, N/V 8%, Anxiety 4%, Spiritual 2%. Tumor types including Lung 20%, Gyn Onc 20%, H & N 15%, GU 12%, GI 8%, and Breast 7%. Substance abuse was fairly common: Ethanol, 26%, Cocaine 23%, and Heroin 9%. Results: For the first year of the service, 52/53 pts were already on opioids. Recommendations lead to: Increase in medication 57%, Decrease 4%, No Change 21%, Switch 21%, Additional meds 32%, and Stopped 6%. In a sample of 49 patients, we have demonstrated a reduction of pain score from 4 to 2.7 (scale of 5 = maximum) by the second visit; nausea from 4 to 1.4 by the second visit; and constipation from 2 to 1.6 by the second visit. These results maintained beyond the 2nd visit but patient numbers were smaller. Conclusions: Use of a roving pharmacist/nurse model for supportive care represents a novel method of care delivery that results in significant improvement in symptoms. (Table presented). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol cocaine diamorphine nitrogen 15 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adult hospital model oncology society United States university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS American Indian anxiety breast constipation data base day hospital drug therapy follow up Hispanic lung nausea neoplasm nurse pain patient pharmacist physician statistical analysis substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 455 TITLE Smokeless tobacco cessation cluster randomized trial with rural high school males: Intervention interaction with baseline smoking AUTHOR NAMES Walsh M.M. Langer T.J. Kavanagh N. Mansell C. MacDougal W. Kavanagh C. Gansky S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Walsh M.M., margaret.walsh@ucsf.edu; Langer T.J.; Kavanagh N.; Kavanagh C.; Gansky S.A.) Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. (Mansell C.) Upper Lake High School, Upper Lake, CA, United States. (MacDougal W.) Konocti School District, Lower Lake, CA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.M. Walsh, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 495, San Francisco, CA 94143-1361, United States. Email: margaret.walsh@ucsf.edu SOURCE Nicotine and Tobacco Research (2010) 12:6 (543-550). Date of Publication: June 2010 ISSN 1462-2203 1469-994X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Introduction: Adolescent males in rural areas use smokeless tobacco (ST). We assessed the efficacy of a school-based nurse-directed ST intervention among rural high school males. Methods: Study high schools were randomly selected from a public high school list of California rural counties. Consenting high schools were stratified by school size and randomly assigned within strata to intervention or no-intervention groups. After gaining parental consent, male students completed baseline and 1-year follow-up questionnaires. The intervention included peer-led educational sessions and an oral exam by the school nurse who also provided brief tobacco cessation counseling. We used binary generalized estimating equation (GEE) models accounting for clustering within schools to test no difference between groups after adjusting for year in high school using both completers only and multiple imputation for those lost to follow-up. Subgroup analyses assessed Baseline Factor × Group interaction in GEE models. Results: Twenty-one rural counties (72%), 41 randomly selected high schools (56%), and 4,731 male students (50%) participated with 65% retention. Nonsmoking ST users in the intervention group were significantly more likely to stop using ST at follow-up than those in the no-intervention group; there was no intervention effect among baseline ST users who also smoked. A higher percentage of baseline nonsmoking ST users reported smoking at follow-up than baseline non-ST-using smokers who reported using ST. Discussion: A school-based nurse-directed ST cessation program was efficacious among rural nonsmoking ST-using high school males. The potential program reach holds significant public health value. Baseline ST use facilitated smoking at follow-up. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study follow up health program high school student human major clinical study male peer counseling priority journal questionnaire randomized controlled trial rural area treatment outcome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010421057 MEDLINE PMID 20439384 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439384) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntq022 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 456 TITLE Results of a nurse-led workshop designed to prevent fetal alcohol spectrum disorder AUTHOR NAMES Caley L.M. Riemer S. Weinstein H.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Caley L.M., lcaley@buffalo.edu) School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States. (Riemer S.) University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States. (Weinstein H.S.) Fetal Alcohol and Drug Effects, The Erie County Council for the Prevention of Alcohol and Substance Abuse, Buffalo, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Caley, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, Kimball Tower 801, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214-3079, United States. Email: lcaley@buffalo.edu SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2010) 27:3 (232-239). Date of Publication: May/June 2010 ISSN 0737-1209 1525-1446 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Preventing the negative consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol remains an unmet challenge. This paper presents the results of a workshop, designed to increase the implementation of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) prevention interventions in 8 counties of New York. The workshop was based on constructivist learning theory and used the Population-Based Public Health Nursing Intervention Model as the structure for discussing potential interventions. The number and type of FASD interventions implemented were determined by surveys sent out postworkshop to 167 participants. At 4 months postworkshop, 37 participants reported implementing 226 primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions in 74 different worksites. The results indicate that incorporation of constructivist learning theory shows promise for future public health and continuing education programs aimed at changing or enhancing practice. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing fetal alcohol syndrome (prevention) leadership nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education educational status evaluation study female human information processing methodology newborn nursing organization and management pregnancy qualitative research questionnaire statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20525095 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20525095) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2010.00848.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 457 TITLE Evaluation of a successful fetal alcohol spectrum disorder coalition in Ontario, Canada AUTHOR NAMES Clarke-McMullen D.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clarke-McMullen D.M., dclarkemcmullen@hotmail.com) Mental Health Program, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Clarke-McMullen, PO Box 393, Verona, ON K0H 2W0, Canada. Email: dclarkemcmullen@hotmail.com SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2010) 27:3 (240-247). Date of Publication: May/June 2010 ISSN 0737-1209 1525-1446 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Leading a successful coalition that benefits both the members and the community is a difficult task. Coalitions are complex and require a great deal of skill to initiate, lead, and evaluate. This article examines a successful coalition, developed to build community capacity to address fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). FASD is a complex, multidimensional health issue common in many communities. Coalitions can be effective in tackling these types of issues and fit with community capacity-building approaches to health promotion. The Internal Coalition Outcome Hierarchy (ICOH) model (Cramer, Atwood, & Stoner, 2006a, 2006b) is used to retrospectively examine the internal constructs of the FASD Action Network and provide useful lessons learned for other coalition leaders and public health nurses. This hierarchical model demonstrates that sound internal processes lead to more successful outcomes and ultimately an increased impact on community issues. The usefulness of ICOH as a tool in evaluating the FASD Action Network and its application to other health-promotion situations with community capacity goals is described in this article. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing cooperation fetal alcohol syndrome (epidemiology) health promotion self help EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health Canada (epidemiology) evaluation study female human leadership newborn nursing organization and management pregnancy professional competence retrospective study theoretical model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20525096 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20525096) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2010.00849.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 458 TITLE Magic of magician's doves AUTHOR NAMES Mattar Z. Taji J. Goyal R. Avasthi S. Kanjwal M.S. Willey J.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mattar Z.) UTMC, Toledo, United States. (Taji J.; Goyal R., rajan.goyal@utoledo.edu; Avasthi S.; Willey J.C.) University of Toledo, Medical Center, Toledo, United States. (Kanjwal M.S.) Toledo, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Goyal, University of Toledo, Medical Center, Toledo, United States. Email: rajan.goyal@utoledo.edu SOURCE American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010) 181:1 MeetingAbstracts. Date of Publication: 1 May 2010 CONFERENCE NAME American Thoracic Society International Conference, ATS 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION New Orleans, LA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-05-14 to 2010-05-19 ISSN 1073-449X BOOK PUBLISHER American Thoracic Society ABSTRACT 30 Year Old female. Gradually worsening SOB in the last year.Respiratory distress with severe hypoxemia. No cough, fever, chills, night sweats or any other associated constitutional signs or symptoms. PMH : SOB of unknown origin, Hyperlipidemia, M.Obesity. No Tobacco, alcohol or illicit drug abuse. A student nurse. Social History :Pets : 2 cats and 2 birds. Married with two healthy kids. Husband:Policeman. Part time magician. â-°Vitals: Bp :122/70, P:95 ,RR:25 ,T:96.6 F SaO2:85% on RA . HEENT: Normal. Lungs: Bilateral inspiratory crackles. CVS: S1,S2 normal CBC : WBC : 6.7 Normal diff. CMP, LFTs, Coags ,TSH ,CE X 3: Normal. ABG : 7.40/ 32/ 69 / 20 on RA. BNP : 4 ESR : 22 . Normal Vasculitis work up. 2D-Echo: Normal findings with LVEF- 55%. Improved oxygenation on solumedrol treatment and 2 LPM -O2 per NC. Negative Gram stain C&S. Negative Fungus, Viral and AFB cultures. BAL-Cell counts: RBC: 1445, WBC: 119 with 0% Eos , 53%Lymphs and 13% Macrophages Hypersensitivity panel : A FUMIGATUS Positive . PIGEON SERUM Positive. Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity pnemonitis from Magician's Doves. Discussion : Hypersentivity pnemonitis is a relatively rare disease. It has been described with multiple allergens. We report a case of hypersensitivity from magician's doves. (Figure presented) . EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol allergen cytidine phosphate illicit drug methylprednisolone sodium succinate thyrotropin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dove magic society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bird cat cell count coughing diagnosis drug abuse erythrocyte female fever fungus Gram staining human hyperlipidemia hypersensitivity hypoxemia lung lymph macrophage night sweat nursing student oxygenation pet animal police rare disease tobacco vasculitis LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 459 TITLE Improving venous thromoboembolism prophylaxis in medical inpatients AUTHOR NAMES Collantes E. Greaves P. Mills S. Sommerland A. Fazal F. Murray A. Arunachalam H. Hadjisymeou S. Maccallum P.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Collantes E.; Greaves P.; Mills S.; Sommerland A.; Fazal F.; Murray A.; Arunachalam H.; Hadjisymeou S.; Maccallum P.K.) Department of Haematology, Royal London Hospital, Bart's and the London NHS Trust, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Collantes, Department of Haematology, Royal London Hospital, Bart's and the London NHS Trust, United Kingdom. SOURCE British Journal of Haematology (2010) 149 SUPPL. 1 (35). Date of Publication: May 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 50th Annual Scientific Meeting of the British Society for Haematology CONFERENCE LOCATION Edinburgh, United Kingdom CONFERENCE DATE 2010-04-19 to 2010-04-21 ISSN 0007-1048 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT To address the UK's 25,000 preventable deaths annually from hospital-related venous thromboembolism (VTE), NICE guidelines mandate that every hospitalised patient undergo documented VTE risk assessment and appropriate prophylaxis. We audited the frequency of VTE risk assessment and appropriate prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in medical admissions in a teaching hospital acute trust. An initial survey showed 44% of medical inpatients received VTE prophylaxis appropriately (n = 333). Re-audit one year later following increase in multidisciplinary education showed improvement to 68% ( n = 147). Subsequently, we evaluated VTE prophylaxis in medical admissions over 7 days with implementation of three separate interventions: first a sticker on the drug chart incorporating a risk assessment tool, second an educational poster, third a patient leaflet and finally all interventions concurrently. The proportion of patients receiving appropriate prophylaxis was 84% (n = 131) during implementation of the sticker, 69% during the poster display ( n = 99), 71% ( n = 56) when patients given the leaflet by nurses (educated prior to leaflet handout) and 79% (n = 43) with all three. Documented risk assessment was never completed. 25% of patients had contraindications to LMWH, hence inclusion as standard on the drug chart was considered unsafe. Multidisciplinary education and a drug chart sticker had maximum impact on VTE prophylaxis. Ongoing interventions include employing a VTE specialist nurse, staff education and introducing an assessment tool in the drug chart which avoids additional sheets and is easily audited and policed. Comprehensiveness of the tool may be modified for simplicity. Leaflets and posters did not further improve VTE prophylaxis: however patient education is clearly important. Perhaps 100 deaths could be prevented annually per trust if patients received VTE prophylaxis appropriately. Risk assessment forms an integral part of this policy's safe introduction but implementation remains problematic. The drug chart provides a useful focus for this. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS low molecular weight heparin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hematology hospital patient prophylaxis society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS death education hospital medical audit medical specialist nurse patient patient education policy risk assessment staff training teaching hospital United Kingdom venous thromboembolism LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08116-1.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 460 TITLE At least 25% of elderly residents of German nursing homes are addicted to psychotropic drugs, report claims. AUTHOR NAMES Stafford N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stafford N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Stafford, SOURCE BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2010) 340 (c2029). Date of Publication: 2010 ISSN 1468-5833 (electronic) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) home for the aged nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged female Germany (epidemiology) human male middle aged note risk factor statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20388674 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20388674) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2029 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 461 TITLE Pharmacist-enhanced medication reconciliation services at an outpatient addiction medicine clinic AUTHOR NAMES Chan T. Sproule B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chan T.; Sproule B.) Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. (Chan T.; Sproule B.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada. (Sproule B.) Dept of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Chan, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. SOURCE Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (179). Date of Publication: April 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists, CPNP 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21 ISSN 0897-1900 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc. ABSTRACT Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Patients in treatment for substance dependence who are taking multiple medications from multiple providers are at risk for drug therapy problems. Medication reconciliation, the process of obtaining a complete and accurate list of a patient's current home medications, may enhance patient safety. Although there are no published studies on medication reconciliation in an outpatient addictions setting, opportunities exist for pharmacists to provide services in this setting. Description of Innovative Service: This project took place at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health's outpatient Addiction Medicine Clinic in Toronto, Canada. A pharmacist was embedded in the clinic for one month to conduct medication histories with patients, identify drug therapy problems, and report findings to the clinic team. The pharmacist and clinic team targeted patients who would likely benefit from the service and patients must have been currently taking a medication prescribed at the clinic to be included. A retrospective review of the patient health record for medication documentation in the past 6 months was also completed. Discrepancies were defined as any omissions or errors in documentation of drug, dose, or frequency when comparing the medication list the pharmacist obtained to the medication list on the patient health record (if present). Four independent clinicians (physician, nurse and 2 pharmacists) assessed the potential impact of the discrepancies identified. Impact on Practice: Thirty-two patients were interviewed by the pharmacist. These patients were taking a mean of 7 + 4 medications in addition to their clinic-prescribed medications. The pharmacist identified 34 discrepancy-related drug therapy problems in 21 patients. The drug therapy problems were either actual or potential drug interactions (73%) or adverse drug reactions (24%). Clinicians classified the drug therapy problems as causing minimal (28.6%), moderate (38.1%), or severe (33.3%) patient discomfort or clinical deterioration. Conclusion: Patients attending specialty clinics are at risk of drug therapy problems related to medication record discrepancies. From the experience of this project, it has been identified that a formal medication reconciliation process is needed in this specialty ambulatory setting, a potentially valuable role for psychiatric pharmacists. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction college hospital medication therapy management outpatient pharmacist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adverse drug reaction Canada deterioration documentation drug dose drug interaction drug therapy health mental health nurse patient patient safety physician risk substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 462 TITLE Online training needs of primary care providers in pain and addiction AUTHOR NAMES Rossie K. Metcalf M. Tanner T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rossie K.; Metcalf M.; Tanner T.) Clinical Tools Inc., Chapel HIll, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Rossie, Clinical Tools Inc., Chapel HIll, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pain (2010) 11:4 SUPPL. 1 (S20). Date of Publication: April 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Pain Society, APS CONFERENCE LOCATION Baltimore, MD, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-05-06 to 2010-05-08 ISSN 1526-5900 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone Inc. ABSTRACT The majority of primary care providers did not receive adequate training to detect, prevent, and manage patients at the interface of pain and addiction.1 But there are currently little data to guide training development so that it emphasizes the specific areas of greatest need.We surveyed a convenience sample of twenty-seven primary care providers (9 physicians, 9 residents, and 9 nurse practitioners) retrospectively about their training at the interface of treating pain and addiction. They were asked to rate their agreement that their clinical training adequately prepared them in 9 specific areas. The responses were very similar for each of the three groups. Sixty-four percent (64%) of participants disagreed (either strongly disagreed or disagreed) that they were adequately prepared to treat pain in patients in recovery. Sixty percent (60%) disagreed that they were prepared to treat pain in patients with current addictions. And 52% disagreed that they were adequately prepared to treat patients at risk for addiction. Perception of their training to assess pain in the context of addiction issues was more positive. Of the participants, 48% agreed or strongly agreed that they were adequately prepared to recognize addiction in a pain patient; still 28% disagreed. Similarly, 48% agreed or strongly agreed that they were adequately prepared to recognize patients at risk for addiction; but 36% disagreed. Primary care providers do not feel adequately prepared by their training in pain and addiction, especially in the areas of treatment. Training needs related to treatment increase as the risk of addiction increases. Educational curricula are needed to ensure that pain treatment providers have the skills necessary to assess and treat patients at the interface of pain and addiction. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction pain primary medical care society EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS convenience sample curriculum nurse practitioner patient physician risk skill LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.01.087 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 463 TITLE Teaching pharmacology in the medical faculty of medical university in sofia AUTHOR NAMES Boyadjieva N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boyadjieva N.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Boyadjieva, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria. SOURCE Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology (2010) 30:1 (68-70). Date of Publication: 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 6th National Congress of Pharmacology CONFERENCE LOCATION Varna, Bulgaria CONFERENCE DATE 2009-10-01 to 2009-10-04 ISSN 1474-8665 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT The Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Medical Faculty in Sofia was founded and started education on pharmacology in 1945. It was the first department teaching pharmacology in Bulgaria. Our department supported the development of pharmacology teaching in the Universities of Varna, Plovdiv, Pleven, Stara Zagora as well as pharmacology teaching in colleges for nurses and medical workers. The department has a history in advancing the progress of pharmacology as a scientific discipline. We offer a broad range of educational opportunities from undergraduate studies to graduate research leading toward the award of M.D. and Ph.D degrees. Our pharmacology education involves undergraduate, graduate degree programs, online pharmacology as well as professional education for medical doctors, dentists, nurses and medical workers. The program of pharmacology education in the Sofia Medical Faculty differs from pharmacy programs. Our program combines pharmacology and drug toxicology into a single unit, focusing on pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, toxicology, drug interactions, prescriptions of drugs, etc., for medical students and doctors. The program contains general, systems, integrative pharmacology and drug toxicology. Students study pharmacology either as part of a medical degree or as part of training to become researchers. The Medical Faculty in Sofia offers PhD training in Pharmacology & Toxicology. The specialization in Pharmacology is available. Currently, 300 medical students and 200 students from Dental School are taking classes and examinations in pharmacology in our department. The department competes to attract able students by offering new courses and options. Problem-based learning (PBL) is gaining interest in many medical schools. Although various approaches have been labelled PBL, it remains unclear which approach is most appropriate for pharmacology courses. There are numerous opportunities in the field of pharmacology available to undergraduate students in our department. The department offers an additional 7 PBL courses (modules) for students each academic year as follows: (1) Pharmacotherapy of chronic disorders; (2) Pharmacology of Pain; (3) Drug Abuse; (4) Pharmacotherapy of disorders in dentistry; (5) Alternative medicine for therapy of social-related diseases; (6) Homeopathy; (7) AIDS: pharmacotherapy. The courses focus on therapeutic and molecular mechanisms of action for various drugs, used in the treatment of a large spectrum of disorders (neuronal, brain, lung, cardio-vascular, gastro-intestinal, muscular, cancers, immune-related diseases, arthritis, AIDS, etc.). Our lectures correlate the effects of drugs and other chemical agents with physiological, biochemical, microbiological, immunological or behavioural factors influencing disease. Each of these courses is closely interwoven with the experimental techniques of biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, pathology, physiology, etc. The role of the tutor in PBL courses also affects the choice of potential tutors. Lecture-based pharmacology classes are typically taught by established lecturers. PBL courses have tutors-professors from our department. The results demonstrate the high level of interest from students in PBL. For example: 220 students took PBL classes in pharmacology during 2008/2009. The teaching hours were up to 200. The lectures on pharmacology and pharmacotherapy were given by eight professors and six assistant professors. This experience has led to suggestions that the advantages of PBL might manifest particularly in areas such as clinical competence and pharmacotherapy. Our results suggest that there is high rank correlation between assessment of student performance by computer and traditional appraisal by written examination. We incorporated various teaching packages on pharmacology for undergraduate students. The computer-assisted learning is a part of our teaching process. Our department started with multimedia 25 years ago. In this department, the use of computer-assisted learning software incorporating video, sound and animated graphics to replace animal's experiments started 30 years ago. We developed video-films on neuropharmacology, cardiopharmacology, pharmacolgy of pain, lung pharmacology, general pharmacology, etc. and our films demonstrate experimental benefits in teaching on pharmacology and drug toxicology. We also developed written exams on pharmacology for medical students in Bulgaria and published books with test questions in field of pharmacology. Our department has a high level of respect due to the publication of books on pharmacology. Our staff published 21 teaching books and up to 200 teaching chapters for medical students, students in dentistry, pharmacy, nurses, etc. in the last 20 years. Moreover, we proposed the first new pharmacology book in Bulgaria with illustrations/figures and textbooks for practice. Our department, together with the Department of Biochemistry were the first to make presentations about online pharmacology education at the International Meeting in 2000. Subsequently the online teaching of pharmacology was developed and accepted in 2008 as a support for teaching. Additionally, medical students have the option to test their pharmacological learning by using online tests developed by the department's staff. We pioneered a new method in the education of medical students named 'Written pharmacological chapters and competition for presentation' (WPC) in 2004. Each student has to write four pages on scientific question in field of pharmacology. Then, seven groups of professors and assistant professors in pharmacology score the written chapters and select the best of them for further competition and presentations. The department organizes the scientific-educational workshop each year in May. Students who won the competition present their posters or oral presentations. It is a big scientific meeting with a lot of students, teachers, and medical doctors. It is a great achievement in education on pharmacology. Posters presented news in various fields in pharmacology, analysis of students, information about scientific studies, etc. Multimedia oral presentations given by students provided training in publicly communicating the science of pharmacology. The results from last competition in 2009 were: (1) 250 students from 3rd medical course wrote the chapters; (2) the average score was 5.50; (3) the best chapters with score 6.00 + where written by 55 medical students; (4) Oral presentations were made by eight students, posters presented by 38 students; (5) 200 students and guests participated in the scientific meeting and discussions. The results demonstrated factual knowledge in the field of pharmacology. Although the presentation of pharmacological facts in a clinical and scientific context is likely to enhance medical student motivation to study pharmacology, based on learning theories a further enhancement of motivation can be expected by this new method in our department. We observed improved self-determination and responsibility in the students. We also observed that medical students were more able to take responsibility for defining and achieving their own learning objectives in pharmacology. Taken together, it appears that our new system of teaching pharmacology enhances the quality of education. We started teaching pharmacology for English speaking students in the Medical University in Sofia in 2003. We publish programs, tests, lectures, etc in English. The new module on 'Core information on pharmacotherapy of chronic disorders' was developed for them in 2007. The department also created the 'Writing pharmacological chapter and competition for presentation'. The results from last competition of English speaking students were: (1) All 24 students wrote chapters; (2) The average score was excellent (5.75); (3) All students made oral presentation during workshop in May 2009. The unique opportunity for undergraduate and graduate education in pharmacology, toxicology and pharmacotherapy is the First Science-Educational School (SES) for capable medical students. The department of Pharmacology and Toxicology organized the school in 2007. Approximately 70-80 students took lectures, seminars, workshops, posters discussions, etc. each year. The students with high motivation and qualifications are admitted to the school. The aims are to introduce the clinical, scientific and fundamental concepts in pharmacotherapy to students, to develop medical doctor-scientist from the 3rd year of study in our university. Students have a chance to learn a lot of from various great Bulgarian and European medical doctors and scientists. The close relationship of the students with Acad. E. Golovinsky, Acad. C. Cvetanov, Acad. P. Vasileva from the Bulgarian Academy of Science plays a role in their scientific/educational motivation. The school celebrated its 2 year anniversary in May 2009. Students enrolled at the school to study pharmacology, commenced their research projects where they are engaged in developing new experimental pharmacological products. The students have learned about and met great Bulgarian scientists in fields of endocrinology, neurology, pharmacology, cancer research, immunology, psychiatry, ophthalmology, molecular biology, microbiology. The students learned about and celebrated the progress in medicine made by our teachers and great scientists as Acad. R. Tzanev, Acad. T. Tashev, Acad. Ch. Nachev, Acad. I. Puhlev, Acad. I. Penchev, Acad. D. Pashov, Acad. V. Petkov, Acad. C. Angelov, Prof. D. Paskov, Prof. C. Stoichev, Prof. N. Shipkovenski, Prof. H. Gelinov, Prof. A. Spasov, etc. The SES students met the leaders in medicine from Bulgaria, USA, Europe and Asia. This has led to a high level of interest in SES. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS chemical agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical school pharmacology teaching university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS academic achievement achievement acquired immune deficiency syndrome alternative medicine animal experiment arthritis Asia awards and prizes book brain Bulgaria cancer research clinical competence college competition computer computer program dental education dentist dentistry drug abuse drug interaction drug mechanism drug therapy education endocrinology Europe examination experimentation genetics graduate homeopathy immunology learning learning theory lung medical personnel medical student microbiology molecular biology motivation multimedia neoplasm neurology neuropharmacology nurse ophthalmology pain pathology peripheral lymphocyte pharmacokinetics pharmacy physician physiology prescription problem based learning psychiatry responsibility school scientist specialization speech student teacher therapy toxicology videorecording vocational education workshop writing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2009.00451.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 464 TITLE How big is the threat in the outpatient setting? AUTHOR NAMES Woodford N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Woodford N.) London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Woodford, London, United Kingdom. SOURCE Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010) 16 SUPPL. 2 (S44-S45). Date of Publication: April 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 20th ECCMID CONFERENCE LOCATION Vienna, Austria CONFERENCE DATE 2010-04-10 to 2010-04-13 ISSN 1198-743X BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT E. coli with CTX-M enzymes are globally the most prevalent ESBL producers. They are often isolated from urines of patients attending general practice, but there are few data to assess accurately the extent of the community burden. The prevalence of ESBL producers in faeces from healthy people is typically <5% in Europe. In a recent multicentre study of non-hospitalized patients with infections, one third of the ESBL producers (mainly E. coli) were from those with no recent health care contact (Ben-Ami et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49:682). In the UK, ESBLproducing E. coli cause c. 2500 cases of bacteraemia p.a., and may be estimated to cause c. 50,000 urinary tract infections p.a. Many belong to the globally-disseminated O25:H4-ST131 uropathogenic clone and have CTX-M-15 ESBL, though CTX-M-3 is equally common in this clone in Belfast, a city where the ST131 clone is present in the faeces of 40% of nursing home residents. CTX-M-15 ESBL is associated with IncFII multi-resistance plasmids, while CTX-M-3 in Belfast is encoded on IncI1 plasmids. These plasmids cannot readily be lost even in the absence of antibiotic selective pressure, since they encode multiple 'addiction' systems. Hence ESBL producers may serve as long-term community reservoirs of resistance genes. Foreign travel may also be associated with gut colonization by ESBL-producing isolates, and the ESBL present often reflects the type most prevalent in the countries visited. Food remains an under-explored potential source for ESBL-producing E. coli. Raw chicken has been sampled in the UK, with CTX-M group 2 and 8 ESBLs found in meat imported from South America; these types account for <1% of ESBLs from clinical infections. There are currently no data to suggest wide presence of CTX-M-15 ESBL in foodstuffs; it may be found in E. coli from animals, but the strains are usually distinct from the dominant human clinical types. ESBL producers are often multiresistant. Carbapenems are the drugs of choice for serious infections, but resistance may emerge in strains with reduced permeability, as observed in a UK nursing home resident who had no recent hospitalization or carbapenem exposure. Carbapenemase-producing E. coli are rare, although isolates with NDM-1 metallo-carbapenemase in addition to CTX-M-15 and acquired AmpC enzymes give cause for concern lest they become as prevalent as those with 'traditional' CTX-M-15 enzyme, or follow them into the community setting. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antibiotic agent beta lactamase AmpC beta lactamase CTX M carbapenem carbapenem derivative carbapenemase enzyme extended spectrum beta lactamase salicylate sodium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) outpatient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bacteremia chicken city clone community Escherichia coli Europe exposure feces food gene general practice health care hospital patient hospitalization human infection intestine meat multiple drug abuse nursing home patient patient permeability plasmid prevalence South America travel United Kingdom urinary tract infection urine LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03238.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 465 TITLE Knowledge of substance abuse among high school students in Jordan AUTHOR NAMES Haddad L. Shotar A. Umlauf M. Al-Zyoud S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haddad L., lhaddad2@vcu.edu) School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. (Shotar A.) Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. (Umlauf M.) University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States. (Al-Zyoud S.) Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Haddad, School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. Email: lhaddad2@vcu.edu SOURCE Journal of Transcultural Nursing (2010) 21:2 (143-150). Date of Publication: April 2010 ISSN 1043-6596 1552-7832 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitude, and beliefs about substance abuse among Jordanian adolescents (aged 15-18 years). Design: A descriptive design was employed using a self-administrated questionnaire to collect the data from 400 high school students. Methods: A multistage, random sample was generated in selecting schools from the educational directorate located in a large urban city located in the north of Jordan.This city district contains 23 public secondary schools and serves 56.8% of the adolescents in the entire province. Results: The results revealed the following: Students of both sexes were knowledgeable about aspects of substance abuse, including its harmful effects on the body and society and reported that even occasional or frequent use of cigarettes, alcohol, and other drugs was extremely harmful. A majority of the students perceived substance abuse as a problem, although the older students were more acutely aware than the younger group. However, the results revealed that the students lack in-depth knowledge of substance abuse. In addition, the adolescents consistently refer to Islamic principles forbidding use of intoxicants but mistakenly presume that mosques are sources for assistance regarding substance abuse. Conclusions: Policy makers, health workers, and religious leaders must collaborate to build structured educational programs and readily accessible, evidence-based treatment programs for adolescents. Given that young people constitute the majority of the Jordanian population and that drug trafficking is prevalent in the region, the implications of prevention programs are critical to maintaining gains in public health outcomes as well as economic progress and development in Jordan. © The Author(s) 2010. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication, epidemiology) attitude to health school student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article developing country female health behavior health status health survey high risk behavior human Jordan (epidemiology) male nursing pilot study public health questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20220034 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20220034) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659609357632 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 466 TITLE Predictors of HAV/HBV vaccination completion among methadone maintenance clients. AUTHOR NAMES Nyamathi A. Sinha K. Greengold B. Cohen A. Marfisee M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nyamathi A.; Sinha K.; Greengold B.; Cohen A.; Marfisee M.) School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, Box 951702, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1702, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Nyamathi, School of Nursing, University of California-Los Angeles, Box 951702, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1702, USA. SOURCE Research in nursing & health (2010) 33:2 (120-132). Date of Publication: Apr 2010 ISSN 1098-240X (electronic) ABSTRACT This randomized, controlled study (N = 256) was conducted to compare three interventions designed to promote hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination completion among clients undergoing methadone maintenance (MM) treatment. Participants were recruited from five MM treatment sites in Southern California and randomized into three groups: Motivational Interviewing-Single (MI-Single), Motivational Interviewing-Group (MI-Group); and Nurse-Led Hepatitis Health Promotion (HHP). All were offered the three-series HAV/HBV vaccine. A total of 148 participants completed the vaccine. Groups did not differ in rate of vaccination completion (73.6%, HHP group, vs. 65% and 69% for the MI-Single and MI-Group, respectively). The equivalence of findings across groups suggests the value of including nurses with a comprehensive health focus in promoting vaccination completion. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hepatitis A vaccine hepatitis B vaccine methadone (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hepatitis A hepatitis B vaccine vaccine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (drug therapy) health promotion patient compliance vaccination EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article chi square distribution clinical trial comparative study controlled clinical trial controlled study counseling drug dependence treatment female group therapy human male methodology middle aged motivation multicenter study nurse attitude nursing evaluation research psychological aspect randomized controlled trial statistical model statistics United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20143328 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20143328) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 467 TITLE Recent changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among VA nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Lemke S.P. Schaefer J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lemke S.P., sonne.lemke@va.gov; Schaefer J.A.) Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Health Care Evaluation, 795 Willow Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. P. Lemke, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Center for Health Care Evaluation, 795 Willow Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. Email: sonne.lemke@va.gov SOURCE Psychiatric Services (2010) 61:4 (356-363). Date of Publication: April 2010 ISSN 1075-2730 1557-9700 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER American Psychiatric Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825, Arlington, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: This study identified recent changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) nursing home residents. Methods: Psychiatric diagnoses in administrative databases were summarized for nursing home residents in 1998, 2002, and 2006. Census prevalence rates were compared with findings from earlier VA nursing home surveys. Prevalence rates were compared for age groups and birth cohorts of VA nursing home admissions in 1998 (N=27,734) and 2006 (N=32,543). Results: Among residents in the census samples, prevalence rates for dementia and schizophrenia fluctuated moderately from 1990 to 2006, depression prevalence increased sharply, alcohol use disorder prevalence declined, and drug use disorder prevalence increased. Among 1998 and 2006 admissions, dementia prevalence increased for most birth cohorts but declined for most age groups (35% to 32% overall). Depression prevalence increased for all age groups and birth cohorts (27% to 37% overall), as did posttraumatic stress disorder prevalence (5% to 12% overall). Serious mental illness prevalence increased among the oldest residents and birth cohorts (19% to 22% overall). Alcohol use disorder prevalence declined for all birth cohorts and most age groups (18% to 16% overall), but drug use disorder prevalence increased substantially for younger age groups (6% to 9% overall). Conclusions: Examining differences in prevalence between birth cohorts and age groups can clarify trends in nursing home resident characteristics and improve projections of their future needs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental disease (epidemiology) nursing home patient prevalence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcoholism (epidemiology) article bipolar disorder (epidemiology) controlled study drug dependence (epidemiology) dysthymia (epidemiology) female health survey hospital admission human major clinical study major depression (epidemiology) male mania (epidemiology) posttraumatic stress disorder (epidemiology) psychosis (epidemiology) schizophrenia (epidemiology) veteran EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010219862 MEDLINE PMID 20360274 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360274) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 468 TITLE Detainment and health: The case of the Lebanese hostages of war AUTHOR NAMES Farhood L.F. Chaaya M. Saab B.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Farhood L.F.) Departments of Psychiatry, Beirut, Lebanon. (Chaaya M., mchaaya@aub.edu.lb) Epidemiology and Population Health, Beirut, Lebanon. (Saab B.R.) Family Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Chaaya, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon. Email: mchaaya@aub.edu.lb SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2010) 19:2 (83-91). Date of Publication: April 2010 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT The purpose of the current research was to compare former detainees of Khiam prison to a comparison group regarding depression, anxiety, presence of chronic diseases, smoking, and alcohol drinking. The sample consisted of 118 ex-detainees and 90 community controls. The Beck Depression Inventory, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, the Clinician-Administered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale, and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire were used. The ex-detainees suffered from an increased level of depression, high anxiety scores, increased chronic diseases, smoked more, and consumed more alcohol than their comparison group. Regression analyses showed that detainment independently predicted depression and anxiety. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) life event mental health prisoner war EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcoholism (epidemiology, etiology) anxiety (epidemiology, etiology) article case control study chronic disease (epidemiology) comparative study depression (epidemiology, etiology) female human Lebanon (epidemiology) male personality test posttraumatic stress disorder (epidemiology, etiology) psychological aspect psychological rating scale questionnaire regression analysis smoking (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20367645 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20367645) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2009.00653.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 469 TITLE Drinking games and college students part 2: Nursing implications AUTHOR NAMES Ahern N.R. Sole M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ahern N.R.; Sole M.L.) College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. R. Ahern, University of Central Florida, College of Nursing, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, PO Box 162210, Orlando, FL 32816-2210, United States. SOURCE Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services (2010) 48:4 (15-18). Date of Publication: April 2010 ISSN 0279-3695 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT In Part 1 of this article, published in the February 2010 issue, the problem of drinking game participation by U.S. college students was described. College students may play these games for reasons of peer acceptance and social interaction. Unfortunately, approximately two thirds of U.S. college students participate in this risky binge drinking behavior, from which serious consequences and harms can result. In this article, implications for community and mental health nurses are discussed. Nurses in a variety of settings have unique opportunities to educate, counsel, treat, and refer these students regarding the risks and protections of this behavior. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol intoxication (prevention) leisure peer group social behavior student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article counseling health service human nursing patient education patient referral United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20349889 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20349889) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20100302-03 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 470 TITLE Polyneuropathy associated with nutritional deficiencies in a nursing home resident with history of gastric bypass and alcohol abuse AUTHOR NAMES Kuchma R. Pfeil L.A. Gillespie S.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kuchma R.; Pfeil L.A.; Gillespie S.M.) Geriatrics/Aging, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Kuchma, Geriatrics/Aging, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2010) 58 SUPPL. 1 (S200). Date of Publication: April 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2010 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society CONFERENCE LOCATION Orlando, FL, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-05-12 to 2010-05-15 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction: Gastric bypass surgery is gaining its popularity as a treatment of choice for morbidly obese individuals.While the surgical procedure has evolved to decrease risks of malnutrition, long term complications of the procedure have been linked to micronutrient deficiencies. We report a case of polyneuropathy following gastric bypass surgery in a long-term care resident with alcohol abuse, vitamin B12 and copper deficiencies. Case: A morbidly obese 58 yo female with a remote history of gastric bypass, vit B12 deficiency, and Diabetes presented to the nursing home with a progressive lower extremity weakness affecting her mobility. Her history was notable for remote lumbar discectomy surgeries and chronic pain from fibromyalgia. At admission, she reported daily consumption of up to 2 bottles of wine. On exam, she was noted to be non-ambulatory with decreased vibratory sensation and proprioception of joints in her lower extremities. Light touch and temperature sensation were intact. She had full fleeting strength in the major muscle groups of lower extremities, both proximally and distally. An EMG study showed moderate severity axonal sensorimotor peripheral polyneuropathy. A series of tests were performed to rule out autoimmune processes and cord compression. The patient's copper level was low at 59 ug/dL (lower limit 80 ug/dL). She abstained from alcohol, was continued on vitamin B12 supplementation and was started on copper replacement therapy. Her serum copper levels normalized (114 ug/dL) but she had no significant improvement in her neurological symptoms. Discussion: Neurological complications after gastric bypass surgery have been reported in literature. Deficiencies in copper and vitamin B12 have been linked to these complications. Polyneuropathy following gastric bypass is typically late in onset (median = 9 years) and poorly responsive to nutritional repletion. Alcohol abuse can contribute to the development of nutritional deficiencies and polyneuropathy. Conclusion: Patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery have late neurological complications associated with nutrient deficiencies. Providers should be aware of the need for chronic supplementation of selected vitamins and minerals in these patients and should consider screening for nutritional deficiencies in patients at risk for permanent neurological complications. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol copper cyanocobalamin mineral trace element vitamin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse geriatrics human nursing home patient nutritional deficiency polyneuropathy society stomach bypass EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bypass surgery chronic pain compression copper blood level copper deficiency diabetes mellitus electromyogram female fibromyalgia intervertebral diskectomy leg long term care malnutrition muscle neurologic disease neurological complication nursing home patient procedures proprioception risk screening sensation substitution therapy supplementation surgery surgical technique temperature vibration sense weakness wine LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02850.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 471 TITLE Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of adolescents in relation to STIs, pregnancy, contraceptive utilization and substance abuse in the Mhlakulo region, Eastern cape AUTHOR NAMES Bana A. Bhat V.G. Godlwana X. Libazi S. Maholwana Y. Marafungana N. Mona K. Mbonisweni A.M. Mbulawa N. Mofuka J. Mohlajoa N.A. Nondula N.N. Qubekile Y. Ramnaran B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bana A.; Godlwana X.; Libazi S.; Maholwana Y.; Marafungana N.; Mona K.; Mbonisweni A.M.; Mbulawa N.; Mofuka J.; Mohlajoa N.A.; Nondula N.N.; Qubekile Y.; Ramnaran B.) Year-3 COBES Group, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape province, South Africa. (Bhat V.G., vivekbhat2005@yahoo.com) Department of Medical Microbiology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape province, South Africa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. G. Bhat, Department of Medical Microbiology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Email: vivekbhat2005@yahoo.com SOURCE South African Family Practice (2010) 52:2 (154-158). Date of Publication: March/April 2010 ISSN 1726-426X BOOK PUBLISHER Medpharm Publications, PO Box 14804, Lyttelton, Gauteng, South Africa. ABSTRACT Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/AIDS are a major problem in South Africa. This, coupled with a high incidence of teenage pregnancy, alcohol and drug abuse, is of grave concern, especially its impact among the young (15-24 years) and in economically poor, rural populations. This study aimed to assess the youths' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours regarding STIs, teenage pregnancy, contraception and substance abuse. Methodology: This is an interview-based, descriptive study. The sample design employed a stratified sample (using schools as strata) of young people aged 15 to 24 years in three schools in the Mhlakulo region, Eastern Cape province. From each school, a sample of learners from grades 10 to 12 was selected randomly. Questionnaires covering relevant parameters were used to interview the learners, after which the data were assimilated and analysed. Results: A total of 150 learners were surveyed (86 females and 64 males). In total, 56% of them knew about STIs. About 88% of the participants learned about STIs from health care workers/nurses/doctors/clinics, the media, educators, the school and friends. Most preferred to communicate to friends (38.67%) and siblings (28%); only 15% communicated with parents. Among the sexually active, 54% reported the use of condoms; of these only 62% used them consistently. Of the participants, 7.33% had more than five sexual partners. Of the young women, 12.8% reported to have fallen pregnant with one-sixth of them wanting to become pregnant. Thirty per cent of those pregnant had to quit school, but did return subsequently. Common contraceptives used were condoms (54%) and pills (58%). Twenty-two per cent of the youths admitted to the use of recreational drugs at some time; most of these were related to alcohol (19.33%). A small fraction (1.33%) used dagga (cannabis). Conclusion: There is lack of knowledge of STIs and their prevention and condom and contraceptive use among young people of this community. Sexual promiscuity and teenage pregnancy in the group is a cause for concern. Substance abuse is another important problem that requires urgent attention. © SAAFP. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) knowledge sexually transmitted disease EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS access to information adolescent adolescent pregnancy adult article attitude to AIDS attitude to pregnancy attitude to sexuality awareness behavior contraception drug abuse experience female health care personnel human interview male nurse physician questionnaire sexual behavior South Africa substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010282954 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 472 TITLE NAPNAP position statement on prevention of tobacco use and effects in the pediatric population. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners (2010) 24:2 (13A-14A). Date of Publication: 2010 Mar-Apr ISSN 1532-656X (electronic) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) advanced practice nursing health promotion nursing organization passive smoking (adverse drug reaction, prevention) tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child child welfare human nursing pediatrics social marketing statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20222204 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20222204) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 473 TITLE The Long-Term Effects of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure on Neurologic Development AUTHOR NAMES Blood-Siegfried J. Rende E.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blood-Siegfried J., blood002@mc.duke.edu; Rende E.K.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2010) 55:2 (143-152). Date of Publication: March 2010/April 2010 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell, 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT A large body of documented evidence has found that smoking during pregnancy is harmful to both the mother and the fetus. Prenatal exposure to nicotine in various forms alters neurologic development in experimental animals and may increase the risk for neurologic conditions in humans. There is a positive association between maternal smoking and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); however, the connection between nicotine addiction, depression, attention disorders, and learning and behavior problems in humans is not straightforward. Nicotine's action on the production and function of neurotransmitters makes it a prime suspect in the pathology of these diseases. Nicotine accentuates neurotransmitter function in adults but desensitizes these functions in prenatally exposed infants and children. This desensitization causes an abnormal response throughout the lifespan. Furthermore, nicotine use by adolescents and adults can alleviate some of the symptoms caused by these neurotransmitter problems while they increase the risk for nicotine addiction. Although nicotine replacement drugs are used by pregnant women, there is no clear indication that they improve outcomes during pregnancy, and they may add to the damage that occurs to the developing neurologic system in the fetus. Understanding the effects of nicotine exposure is important in providing safe care for pregnant women, children, and families and for developing appropriate smoking cessation programs during pregnancy. © 2010 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nicotine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylcholine (endogenous compound) adrenalin (endogenous compound) amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) catecholamine derivative (endogenous compound) dopamine (endogenous compound) neurotransmitter (endogenous compound) noradrenalin (endogenous compound) serotonin (endogenous compound) varenicline (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nervous system development prenatal exposure EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent smoking article attention deficit disorder attention disturbance autonomic nervous system behavior disorder brain cortex cerebellum clinical trial cognitive therapy congenital malformation (side effect) depression drug withdrawal fetus death fetus development hippocampus human hypnosis lactation learning disorder low birth weight (side effect) maternal smoking neurotransmission nicotine replacement therapy nonhuman placenta previa (side effect) preeclampsia (side effect) pregnancy prematurity (side effect) priority journal protein function side effect (side effect) smoking cessation smoking cessation program solutio placentae (side effect) sudden infant death syndrome tobacco dependence (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylcholine (51-84-3, 60-31-1, 66-23-9) adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1) amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) dopamine (51-61-6, 62-31-7) nicotine (54-11-5) noradrenalin (1407-84-7, 51-41-2) serotonin (50-67-9) varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010126764 MEDLINE PMID 20189133 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20189133) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.05.006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 474 TITLE Inhaled albuterol as a drug of abuse AUTHOR NAMES Meggs W.J. D'Haenens J.P. Fergusen J. Nehus N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Meggs W.J.; D'Haenens J.P.; Fergusen J.; Nehus N.) Emergency Department, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.J. Meggs, Emergency Department, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, United States. SOURCE Clinical Toxicology (2010) 48:3 (308). Date of Publication: March 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 2010 International Congress of the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists CONFERENCE LOCATION Bordeaux, France CONFERENCE DATE 2010-05-11 to 2010-05-14 ISSN 1556-3650 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare ABSTRACT Objective: Therapeutic drugs are taken in overdose in an attempt to “get high” by adolescents. These include methylphenidate, dextromethorphan, antihistamines, caffeine, and decongestants. We report a case of albuterol overdose taken by a 13 year old girl in an attempt to “get high.” Case report: A 13 year old girl was told by a friend that she could get high by taking an overdose of her albuterol metered dose inhaler which delivered 120 micrograms of albuterol per inhalation. She reports taking 174 inhalations (20.88 mg) of albuterol over an eight minute period at school. Fortyfive minutes later she reported to the school nurse with headache, nausea, blurred vision, feeling hot, and palpitations. She arrived in the Emergency Department two hours and 20 minutes after the overdose. Past medical history was attention deficit disorder, conduct disorder, and asthma. Social history was tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use. Medications were albuterol, birth control pills, and cough medicine containing dextromethorphan and guaifenesin. Vital signs on arrival at the Emergency Department were pulse of 116 per minute, respiratory rate of 20 per minute, blood pressure of 103/47 mm Hg. She was afebrile. A mild tremor of the hands was noted. Other than tachycardia and tremor, her physical examination was normal. Laboratory evaluation was remarkable for a potassium level of 2.6 meq/liter (normal range 3.5 to 5.0 meq/liter). Neutrophil count was elevated at 9.7 thousand/mL (normal range 1.8 to 7.7 thousand/mL). Other laboratory parameters were normal. Electrocardiogram showed a sinus tachycardia at 115/minute but was otherwise normal. Symptoms resolved gradually over two to three hours from the time of ingestion. Potassium rose to 3.3 meq/liter. She was discharged in the care of her parents after a period of observation. Conclusion: Albuterol can be added to the list of therapeutic medications that teenagers take in attempts to get high. Rather than a pleasurable experience, this girl became ill from her attempt with symptoms of headache, nausea, tremor, and palpitations. There was hypokalemia and neutrophilia as expected from an albuterol overdose. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) poison salbutamol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol antihistaminic agent caffeine decongestive agent dextromethorphan guaifenesin illicit drug methylphenidate oral contraceptive agent potassium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent asthma attention deficit disorder blood pressure blurred vision breathing rate case report conduct disorder coughing drug therapy drug use electrocardiogram emergency ward friend girl headache heart palpitation hypokalemia ingestion inhalation intoxication laboratory medical history metered dose inhaler nausea neutrophil count neutrophilia parent physical examination pulse rate school school health nursing sinus tachycardia tachycardia tobacco tremor vital sign LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563651003740240 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 475 TITLE Practice strategies to improve compliance and patient self-management AUTHOR NAMES Ruetsch C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ruetsch C., Charles.Ruetsch@healthanalytic.com) Health Analytics, LLC, 9250 Bendix Rd. N., Ste. 240, Columbia, MD 21045, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Ruetsch, Health Analytics, LLC, 9250 Bendix Rd. N., Ste. 240, Columbia, MD 21045, United States. Email: Charles.Ruetsch@healthanalytic.com SOURCE Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2010) 16:1 SUPPL. B (S26-S27). Date of Publication: February 2010 ISSN 1083-4087 BOOK PUBLISHER Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), 100 North Pitt St., Suite 400, Alexandria, United States. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Failure in treating opioid dependence is costly to the patient, the employer, managed care organizations, and the overall health care system. Opioid dependent patients tend to be less productive at work and in society and utilize a great many health care resources. Optimizing outcomes is essential. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the benefit of integrated strategies and patient support in the treatment of opioid dependence. SUMMARY: Health Analytics is currently studying the benefit of HereToHelp, a behavioral support program in which registered nurses or addiction treatment counselors with specialized training in addiction education provide information and encouragement to patients receiving pharmacologic treatment for opioid dependence. A total of 470 physicians in 41 states have been enlisted to participate in this patient support study. The study hypothesis is that patients who receive behavioral support and encouragement will be more compliant with their opioid replacement therapy, leading to better outcomes. Additional treatment strategies are also being developed to minimize the risk of abuse and diversion. Prodrugs and vaccines are also being investigated. CONCLUSION: A coordinated team approach is essential in treating pain patients and opioid-dependent patients. Offering behavior modification in addition to pharmacotherapy and utilizing strategies such as prescription monitoring programs, pain contracts, and screening are all vital components necessary for positive outcomes. Copyright © 2010, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS buprenorphine (drug therapy) capsaicin clonidine (adverse drug reaction) dextromethorphan (drug therapy) ipecac ketamine (drug therapy) lofexidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) memantine (drug therapy) morphine sulfate (drug combination, drug therapy) naltrexone (drug combination, drug therapy) oxycodone (drug combination, drug therapy) phencyclidine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate addiction (drug therapy, side effect, drug therapy, side effect) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article behavior modification human hypotension (side effect) monitoring nonhuman pain (drug therapy) patient compliance physician prescription risk assessment self care treatment outcome withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) capsaicin (404-86-4) clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8) dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3) ipecac (8012-96-2) ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3) lofexidine (31036-80-3) memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1, 51052-62-1) morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3) naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010228244 MEDLINE PMID 20146552 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20146552) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 476 TITLE Stakeholders views on abuse and diversion in kentucky AUTHOR NAMES Peppin J.F. Kirsh K. Porada S. Cole B.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Peppin J.F., johnpeppin@msn.com; Cole B.E.) Pain Treatment Center of the Bluegrass, Lexington, United States. (Kirsh K.; Porada S.) Aventine HealthSciences, Montclair, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.F. Peppin, Pain Treatment Center of the Bluegrass, Lexington, United States. Email: johnpeppin@msn.com SOURCE Pain Medicine (2010) 11:2 (330). Date of Publication: February 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 26th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Pain Medicine, AAPM CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-02-03 to 2010-02-06 ISSN 1526-2375 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Scheduled medication abuse and diversion of is a serious problem nationally and particularly challenging in Kentucky. To date, few solutions for this multifaceted problem have emerged. Stakeholders were gathered into a committee comprised of law enforcement, regulatory, pharmacy, nursing, physicians (addiction, internal medicine, pain medicine, family practice, and palliative medicine), psychology, teen addiction, and education. A focus group and partial Delphi method rank ordered multiple issues. These issues were collated and initial questions were developed for an internet survey. While ongoing, the first 50 responses to the survey were analyzed. When asked to rank nine potential barriers to reducing diversion in Kentucky, respondents rated lack of patient responsibility for their prescription medications (average rank, AR = 2.81) and lack of appropriate pain management education for prescribers and dispensers (AR = 3.09) as the two most significant barriers. When asked to rank six sources of information, which would help reduce diversion but were currently lacking, data on the number of emergency room and hospital visits for controlled substances (AR = 2.81) and ways to identify the number of criminal activities ties to controlled substances (AR = 3.05) were the top issues. Of existing information, KASPER was reported as the single most important source of data. Future recommendations included better training for healthcare professionals and adoption of a requirement to show ID to pick up controlled substance prescriptions. This survey is ongoing and will be reformatted for a second iteration to help guide policy directions and targets for research in this area. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) abuse pain United States EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction Delphi study drug therapy education emergency ward general practice health care personnel hospital information processing internal medicine Internet law enforcement nursing offender palliative therapy patient pharmacy physician policy prescription psychology responsibility LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j1526-4637.2009.00781.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 477 TITLE The Effect of an Anger Management Program for Family Members of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorders AUTHOR NAMES Son J.-Y. Choi Y.-J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Son J.-Y.; Choi Y.-J., yjchoi@redcross.ac.kr) Mental Health Center at GwangJin-Gu, GwangJin-Gu, Seoul, 143-702, South Korea. (Son J.-Y.; Choi Y.-J., yjchoi@redcross.ac.kr) Red Cross College of Nursing, JongNo-Gu, Seoul, 110-102, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.-J. Choi, Mental Health Center at GwangJin-Gu, GwangJin-Gu, Seoul, 143-702, South Korea. Email: yjchoi@redcross.ac.kr SOURCE Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (2010) 24:1 (38-45). Date of Publication: February 2010 ISSN 0883-9417 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT This study was aimed to test the structured anger management nursing program for the family members of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Families with the AUDs suffer from the dysfunctional family dynamic caused by the patients' deteriorative disease processes of alcohol dependence. Family members of AUDs feel bitter and angry about the uncontrolled behaviors and relapses of the patients in spite of great effort for a long time. This chronic anger threatens the optimal function of the family as well as obstructs the family to help the patients who are suffering from AUDs. Sixty three subjects were participated who were referred from community mental health centers, alcohol consultation centers, and an alcohol hospital in Korea. Pre-post scores of the Korean Anger Expression Inventory were used to test the program. An anger management program was developed and implemented to promote anger expression and anger management for the family members of the patients with AUDs. The total anger expression score of the experimental group was significantly more reduced as compared with that of the control group. Subjects in the experimental group reported after the program that they felt more comfortable and their life was changed in a better way. The anger management program was effective to promote anger expression and anger management for family members of AUDs. Nurses need to include family members in their nursing process as well as to care of patients with AUDs to maximize nursing outcome and patient satisfaction. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior alcoholism (prevention) anger attitude to health family health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chi square distribution clinical trial community mental health center controlled clinical trial controlled study curriculum ethnology female group therapy health care quality human human relation interpersonal communication Korea male methodology middle aged nursing evaluation research organization and management psychiatric nursing psychological model relaxation training LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20117687 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20117687) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2009.04.002 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 478 TITLE Alcohol screening tools affect whether alcohol use history relates to post traumatic stress disorder and quality of life after a traumatic injury AUTHOR NAMES Chu C. De Roon-Cassini T. Brasel K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chu C.; De Roon-Cassini T.; Brasel K.) Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Chu, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States. SOURCE Journal of Surgical Research (2010) 158:2 (286). Date of Publication: February 2010 CONFERENCE NAME 5th Annual Academic Surgical Congress of the Association for Academic Surgery, AAS and the Society of University Surgeons, SUS CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-02-03 to 2010-02-05 ISSN 0022-4804 BOOK PUBLISHER Academic Press Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction: The American College of Surgeons has mandated that Level I and II trauma center have a process to identify patients with alcohol use disorders. One reason for this screen is that trauma survivors with problem and dependent drinking are at risk for more significant impairment in functional outcomes (McFarlane, 2009). The aims of this study were to evaluate the alcohol screening process at a level 1 academic trauma center, its effectiveness in detecting alcohol use disorders and the associations of the alcohol screen withPTSDsymptoms and quality of life. Methods: The alcohol screening initiative was implemented at a Level 1 trauma center in October, 2007. All patients were screened by a registered nurse, using 3 questions modified from the AUDIT-C. If screened positive, a social worker followed with a CAGEassessment. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients admitted to the trauma service between January 2008 and May 2009 following traumatic injury. Information on the screen results andCAGEassessment was obtained from medical record review. Information regarding demographics, mechanism of injury, and injury severity score was obtained from the trauma registry. Results of the alcohol screen were correlated with mental and physical quality of life measured by the Short Form-36 (SF36) and PTSD measured by the PTSD Checklist (PCLC), routinely given in our trauma population. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Four hundred eightyeight patients admitted to the trauma service during the study period were screened for alcohol use disorders. The majority of patients were male (n = 351, 72%) with an average age of 41 years. Sixty-two percent were Caucasian (n = 303), 37% were Black (n = 144) and 6.8% were Hispanic (n = 33). The mean injury severity score was 12.25. The majority experienced non-assaultive traumas (71.9%, n = 351) with 33.8% of all traumas resulting from motor vehicle crashes (n = 165). Seven hundred eleven patients were admitted during this time period of which 68% were screened for alcohol use, 25% screened positive (n = 122), and of those 40.5% were eventuallyCAGEassessed. Of those screened,85%(n = 414) completed thePCLCsurvey and89%(n= 429) completed the SF36 survey. Patients screening positive for alcohol abuse did not differ from those screening negative with respect to PTSD symptoms or mental and physical quality of life. Conclusion: Alcohol screening can be successfully implemented in a trauma population using standard workflows and non-MD providers, although compliance is significantly less than 100%. Positive screens using this adapted tool were not correlated with either PTSD symptoms or health-related quality of life. Further work to determine the optimal screen and relationship between preexisting alcohol use disorders PTSD symptoms, and quality of life is necessary. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption human injury posttraumatic stress disorder quality of life screening society surgeon surgery university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse alcohol use disorder Caucasian checklist college compliance (physical) data analysis software drinking emergency health service Hispanic injury scale male medical record review motor vehicle patient population register registered nurse risk Short Form 36 social worker survivor traumatology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 479 TITLE Editorial AUTHOR NAMES Arloth J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arloth J., Jana.Arloth@mailbox.tu-dresden.de) Research Association Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstr. 33, Dresden 01307, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Arloth, Research Association Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstr. 33, Dresden 01307, Germany. Email: Jana.Arloth@mailbox.tu-dresden.de SOURCE Journal of Public Health (2010) 18:1 (1-2). Date of Publication: February 2010 ISSN 0943-1853 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion public health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence breast cancer (epidemiology) cancer prevention cerebrovascular accident (epidemiology, prevention) community care editorial health care personnel human migration minority group nurse occupational health patient satisfaction pharmacy race difference smoking smoking cessation tobacco dependence (drug therapy) uterine cervix carcinoma (epidemiology, prevention) vaccination Wart virus workplace CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010046900 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-009-0303-4 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 480 TITLE A qualitative comparison of parent and adolescent views regarding substance use AUTHOR NAMES Peterson J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Peterson J.) University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Nursing, Kansas City, MO, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Peterson, University of Missouri Kansas City, School of Nursing, Kansas City, MO, United States. SOURCE Journal of School Nursing (2010) 26:1 (53-64). Date of Publication: February 2010 ISSN 1059-8405 1546-8364 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States. ABSTRACT Substance use is a major cause of adolescent morbidity and mortality. By age 14, 70% of adolescents have consumed alcohol and half of 12th graders report having used marijuana. The purpose of this study was to increase the understanding of parent and adolescent perceptions regarding adolescent use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (ATOD) to enhance the development of effective prevention programs. Six adolescent focus groups and one parent focus group participated. Results were derived following elicitation of adolescents' and parents' beliefs regarding adolescent ATOD use and current prevention programs. Findings indicate that current prevention programs are ineffective; ATOD use is normalized by schools, community, and family; positive adult role models deter use; and programs should involve youth, parents, schools, and community. Focus group discussions can strengthen the development of tailored ATOD prevention programs. School nurses can foster collaboration between families, schools, and communities to reduce adolescent substance use. © 2010 The Author(s). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) attitude to health parent student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cannabis smoking (prevention) child comparative study drinking behavior (prevention) female human information processing male risk factor smoking (prevention) United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 20081090 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20081090) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840509355586 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 481 TITLE Creating Project Talanoa: a culturally based community health program for U.S. Pacific Islander adolescents. AUTHOR NAMES McGrath B.B. Ka'ili T.O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McGrath B.B.; Ka'ili T.O.) Psychosocial and Community Health, School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.B. McGrath, Psychosocial and Community Health, School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. Email: bbmcgrat@u.washington.edu SOURCE Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) (2010) 27:1 (17-24). Date of Publication: 2010 Jan-Feb ISSN 1525-1446 (electronic) ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This is an evaluation of the process and outcome of a research study to determine a culturally targeted health promotion program for U.S. Pacific Islander youth who are at risk for co-occurring problem behaviors, including risky sexual behavior, substance abuse, and interpersonal violence. DESIGN AND SAMPLE: An exploratory design was used and included qualitative interviews (N=54), focus groups (N=16), participant observation (over 3 years), and surveys (N=24) with Pacific Islander adults and youth. After identifying key cultural values and reviewing existing evidence-based prevention interventions, "Project Talanoa" was developed around 4 constructs: (1) cultural identity and pride, (2) teen health, (3) peer relations, and (4) family ties. The program was pilot tested and evaluated by 24 Pacific Islander adolescents (ages 12-15 years). RESULTS: Results indicate it was culturally appropriate, well liked by the participants, supported by parents and others in the community, and found to be feasible. CONCLUSIONS: Additional research is needed to test it for effectiveness. Project Talanoa provides a model for applying cultural concepts in the development of a risk reduction intervention for adolescents. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health child health care community care cultural competence health promotion indigenous people EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child psychology curriculum education ethnology evaluation study health care quality human needs assessment nursing evaluation research nursing methodology research organization and management pilot study program development qualitative research risk reduction treatment outcome United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20055964 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20055964) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00822.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 482 TITLE Managing Mental Health Conditions in Primary Care Settings AUTHOR NAMES Hackley B. Sharma C. Kedzior A. Sreenivasan S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hackley B., barbara.hackley@yale.edu; Sharma C.; Kedzior A.; Sreenivasan S.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2010) 55:1 (9-19). Date of Publication: January 2010/February 2010 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell, 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Depression is one of the most commonly encountered conditions in women's health, but many providers lack the knowledge and skills needed to identify and manage depression in primary care settings. This article discusses strategies that can improve the identification and treatment of depression. In addition, it describes how these strategies were incorporated into an urban inner-city health center. These strategies used in this setting can be adapted for use in either comprehensive health care centers or in practices providing primarily obstetric and gynecologic services. © 2010 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy) citalopram (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) diphenhydramine (drug therapy) dopamine uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) duloxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) escitalopram (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) fluvoxamine maleate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) monoamine oxidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) nefazodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) noradrenalin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) serotonin 2 antagonist (drug therapy) serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor (drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) sertraline (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) trazodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) zolpidem tartrate (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (drug therapy, diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy) mental health care primary medical care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS agitation anxiety anxiety disorder (drug therapy) article bipolar disorder (diagnosis) blood pressure clinical trial cognitive therapy community care differential diagnosis dizziness (side effect) dose response drug efficacy drug elimination drug half life dysthymia (diagnosis) family therapy generalized anxiety disorder (diagnosis) group therapy headache (side effect) health center human hypertensive crisis (side effect) insomnia (drug therapy) lethargy (side effect) liver toxicity (side effect) low drug dose major depression (diagnosis) mental health service nausea (side effect) neuropathic pain (drug therapy) panic (diagnosis, drug therapy) patient safety premenstrual dysphoric disorder (diagnosis) premenstrual syndrome (diagnosis) priority journal protirelin test psychiatric diagnosis psychoeducation psychopharmacotherapy screening test sedation seizure (side effect) sexual dysfunction (side effect) side effect (side effect) sleep disorder (drug therapy) somnolence (side effect) suicidal ideation (drug therapy) treatment planning treatment response urban area weight gain weight reduction withdrawal syndrome (side effect) women's health DRUG TRADE NAMES ambien benadryl celexa cymbalta effexor lexapro luvox paxil prozac wellbutrin zoloft zyban CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) citalopram (59729-33-8) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) duloxetine (116539-59-4, 136434-34-9) escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) fluvoxamine maleate (61718-82-9) nefazodone (82752-99-6, 83366-66-9) paroxetine (61869-08-7) sertraline (79617-96-2) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) zolpidem tartrate (99294-93-6) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009648943 MEDLINE PMID 20129225 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20129225) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.06.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 483 TITLE Tobacco and alcohol use in the spiti valley region of Northern India AUTHOR NAMES Skitch S. Youdon D. Tsomo S. Chng L. Giang K. Hendren L. Lam A. Ngai T. Rose S. Suen M. Taha N. Taha N. Gavin T. Brkanovic S. Kapoor V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Skitch S.; Chng L.; Giang K.; Hendren L.; Lam A.; Ngai T.; Rose S.; Suen M.; Taha N.; Taha N.; Gavin T.; Brkanovic S.; Kapoor V.) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Youdon D.; Tsomo S.) Kailash Institute of Nursing and Para-Medical Sciences, Noida, India. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Skitch, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. SOURCE Journal of Investigative Medicine (2010) 58:1 (199). Date of Publication: January 2010 CONFERENCE NAME American Federation for Medical Research Western Regional Meeting, AFMR 2010 CONFERENCE LOCATION Carmel, CA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2010-01-27 to 2010-01-30 ISSN 1081-5589 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Purpose of Study: Tobacco and alcohol use are major public health issues that cause substantial morbidity and mortality in communities worldwide. The current study assessed the prevalence of tobacco and alcohol consumption among adults living in the Spiti Valley region of northern India. Currently, there is no data available regarding the epidemiology of tobacco and alcohol consumption in this community. Methods Used: Sixty-four adults within the Spiti Valley completed an interview regarding their tobacco and alcohol use. Interviews were conducted with the collaboration of nursing students fluent in the local language. Tobacco use items were derived from the WHO Global Adult Tobacco survey. Alcohol use items asked about typical consumption patterns and the occurrence of problems as a result of alcohol use. Summary of Results: Rates of tobacco use were consistent with levels reported in studies conducted in other part of India. Among male participants, 54% were current smokers and 34% regularly used smokeless forms of tobacco. Females reported substantially less tobacco use. Alcohol use was common among participants in the current sample. The rates of alcohol consumption were substantially higher than those reported in a recent Indian national survey. In the current study, the majority of males (76%) were current drinkers and rates of alcohol consumption were also high among females (50%). Heavy patterns of alcohol use were also relatively common with many respondents reporting daily consumption patterns. Many drinkers in the sample reported experiencing negative consequences as a result of their alcohol consumption. Conclusions: This study indicates that tobacco and alcohol use are significant public health issues in the Spiti Valley. Rates of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems are particularly high compared to those found in other parts of India. There is significant concern among residents about the negative effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption on community wellbeing. The results of this survey will be used as an initial step towards developing a community based-approach to reducing the negative health effects of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the Spiti Valley. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption India medical research tobacco EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult community epidemiology female health human Indian interview language male morbidity mortality nursing student prevalence public health smoking wellbeing world health organization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.231/JIM.0b013e3181c87db3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 484 TITLE Healthcare and medical graduates of 2009: Their reactions to four key proposals in the Scottish Government's strategy for tackling alcohol misuse AUTHOR NAMES Gill J.S. Gibson C. Nicol M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gill J.S., jgill@qmu.ac.uk; Gibson C.; Nicol M.) School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.S. Gill, School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, United Kingdom. Email: jgill@qmu.ac.uk SOURCE Alcohol and Alcoholism (2010) 45:2 (200-206) Article Number: agp084. Date of Publication: March 2010 ISSN 0735-0414 1464-3502 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims: This study compares the views of final year medical, and nursing and allied health professional (NAHP) students in relation to four governmental proposals impacting on the sale and purchase of alcohol. Methods: Against a background of political will to address alcohol abuse in Scotland and moves within the National Health Service promoting a shifting of professional roles, selfcompleted questionnaires were administered in spring 2009 through course websites and lectures to final year medical and NAHP students. Results: Questionnaires were returned by 406 NAHPs and 121 medical students. Over three quarters of all students agreed with the proposed change to reduce the drink driving limit to 50mg/100ml blood. Less support was evident for the raising of the minimum legal purchase age for off-sales (37%), the banning of below cost price promotions of alcohol (47%) and minimum retail pricing (37%). However, there were differences between the NAHP and medical students in the case of the final two proposals; over 60% of the medical students agreed they would have a positive impact. For NAHPs, figures were 41% and 31%, respectively. Conclusions: Support for four key proposals outlined by the Scottish Government to address alcohol misuse varied. Only the suggestion to lower the drink driving limit received backing overall and within students in these professions. Effectiveness of proposed restrictions on the price of alcohol was less well regarded except by medical students. Evident gaps in knowledge around health guidelines, and the finding that almost half of NAHPs disagreed that they had the appropriate knowledge to advise patients about responsible drinking advice and alcohol misuse problems, suggest a need for improved undergraduate education and continued professional development with respect to public health aspects of alcohol use. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse medical education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS allied health student article controlled study drunken driving government regulation marketing medical student nursing student priority journal professional development professional knowledge questionnaire student attitude United Kingdom CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010170904 MEDLINE PMID 20015951 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20015951) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agp084 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 485 TITLE Why nursing research in tobacco control? AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Bialous S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L.; Bialous S.A.) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2009) 27 (3-31). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT Tobacco use is an epidemic of overwhelming proportions affecting survival, causing millions of deaths every year, causing untold human suffering worldwide, and contributing to escalating health care costs. Nursing research is vital to advancing knowledge in the field and to the translation of science to evidence-based practice. As the largest group of health care professionals (17 million worldwide), nurses have the capacity for an enormous impact on this leading cause of preventable death. This chapter thus provides a historical overview of the tobacco epidemic, health risks of smoking and benefits of quitting, nicotine addiction, and recommendations of evidence-based tobacco dependence treatment as a backdrop for understanding the importance and need for nursing scholarship. Also examined are nursing science efforts and leadership in removing two barriers to mounting programs of nursing research in tobacco control: (1) lack of nursing education and training in tobacco control, and (2) limited research funding and mentorship. The chapter also addresses the issue of smoking in the profession as it impacts nurses' health, clinical practice, and, potentially, scholarship efforts. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nursing research smoking (epidemiology, prevention, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article economics education financial management human passive smoking (adverse drug reaction) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology, prevention, rehabilitation) United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20192098 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20192098) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 486 TITLE Primary and secondary tobacco prevention in youth. AUTHOR NAMES Tingen M.S. Andrews J.O. Stevenson A.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tingen M.S.; Andrews J.O.; Stevenson A.W.) Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Tingen, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2009) 27 (171-193). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT The childhood years represent a critical time for tobacco experimentation and addiction. This chapter presents risk factors for youth smoking, state of the science of nurse-led primary and secondary tobacco prevention research in youth, and implications for future research, policy, and practice. Nursing research on both primary and secondary tobacco prevention efforts that are school-based, family-based, and community-based are presented. Interventions, including both state and community approaches, and media and policy endeavors to prevent tobacco use and foster successful cessation are discussed. The nursing profession has made an impact on primary and secondary prevention in youth regarding tobacco; however, much remains to be accomplished. As one of the largest health care professions, nurses should seize the important opportunity of positively impacting the health of children and youth through comprehensive and effective primary and secondary tobacco prevention efforts. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion smoking (prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent child community health nursing family nursing human methodology nursing research psychological aspect review school health nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20192104 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20192104) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 487 TITLE Biological models for studying and assessing tobacco use. AUTHOR NAMES Ahijevych K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ahijevych K.) The Ohio State University, College of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Ahijevych, The Ohio State University, College of Nursing, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2009) 27 (145-168). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT The purpose of this chapter on biological models for studying and assessing tobacco use is to provide an introduction to some of the common concepts and biomarkers in this arena to ultimately inform intervention research by nurse scientists. An overview of selected biomarkers of tobacco exposure in individuals includes exhaled carbon monoxide, cotinine (the proximate metabolite of nicotine), and measurement of an individual's puffing pattern termed smoking topography. Common tobacco contents discussed include tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) some of which increase disease risk including cancer. Exemplars of additives to cigarettes by the tobacco industry will be described including menthol, one additive marketed by the industry. Genetics and tobacco addiction has emerged as a rapidly expanding field. Illustrative of this area are twin studies, nicotinic receptors, CYP2A6 polymorphisms, and genes that impact dopamine receptors. The cadre of nurse scientists conducting research in this much needed area is small. The opportunity for nurse scientists educated in biological inquiry in tobacco-related research is great. Nurse scientists actively involved in multidisciplinary translational teams to address nicotine addition are needed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS biological marker EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS biological model chemistry genetic predisposition genetics human metabolism pathophysiology review tobacco LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20192103 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20192103) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 488 TITLE Nursing research in community-based approaches to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke. AUTHOR NAMES Hahn E.J. Ashford K.B. Okoli C.T. Rayens M.K. Ridner S.L. York N.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hahn E.J.; Ashford K.B.; Okoli C.T.; Rayens M.K.; Ridner S.L.; York N.L.) University of Kentucky College of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.J. Hahn, University of Kentucky College of Nursing, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2009) 27 (365-391). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT Secondhand smoke (SHS) is the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States and a major source of indoor air pollution, accounting for an estimated 53,000 deaths per year among nonsmokers. Secondhand smoke exposure varies by gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. The most effective public health intervention to reduce SHS exposure is to implement and enforce smoke-free workplace policies that protect entire populations including all workers regardless of occupation, race/ethnicity, gender, age, and socioeconomic status. This chapter summarizes community and population-based nursing research to reduce SHS exposure. Most of the nursing research in this area has been policy outcome studies, documenting improvement in indoor air quality, worker's health, public opinion, and reduction in Emergency Department visits for asthma, acute myocardial infarction among women, and adult smoking prevalence. These findings suggest a differential health effect by strength of law. Further, smoke-free laws do not harm business or employee turnover, nor are revenues from charitable gaming affected. Additionally, smoke-free laws may eventually have a positive effect on cessation among adults. There is emerging nursing science exploring the link between SHS exposure to nicotine and tobacco dependence, suggesting one reason that SHS reduction is a quit smoking strategy. Other nursing research studies address community readiness for smoke-free policy, and examine factors that build capacity for smoke-free policy. Emerging trends in the field include tobacco free health care and college campuses. A growing body of nursing research provides an excellent opportunity to conduct and participate in community and population-based research to reduce SHS exposure for both vulnerable populations and society at large. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) environmental exposure (adverse drug reaction, prevention) health promotion passive smoking (adverse drug reaction, prevention) policy smoking (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health consumer human legal aspect nursing research organization and management review United States workplace LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20192112 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20192112) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 489 TITLE Systems approaches to tobacco dependence treatment. AUTHOR NAMES McDaniel A.M. Stratton R.M. Britain M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McDaniel A.M.; Stratton R.M.; Britain M.) Indiana University Schools of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.M. McDaniel, Indiana University Schools of Nursing, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2009) 27 (345-363). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT Nurses have been at the forefront of initiatives to improve patient outcomes through systems change. Nursing research addressing systems approaches to treatment of tobacco dependence has demonstrated increased implementation of evidence-based practice guidelines. Existing health system research conducted by nurse scientists has focused on four strategies: tobacco use identification systems, education and training of nursing staff to deliver tobacco intervention, dedicated staff for tobacco dependence treatment in both acute and primary care settings, and institutional policies to support tobacco intervention. Nursing involvement in multidisciplinary health services research focusing on tobacco treatment has lagged behind advances in clinical nursing research of individual-focused smoking cessation interventions. Health information technology shows promise as part of an integrated approach to systems changes to support tobacco intervention, particularly in light of the current national emphasis on adoption and meaningful use of electronic health records. Future directions for translational research present unprecedented opportunity for nurse scientists to respond to the call for policy and systems changes to support tobacco treatment. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) integrated health care system mass communication smoking cessation tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health services research human management medical record methodology nursing nursing education nursing research organization and management review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20192111 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20192111) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 490 TITLE Perceptions of nurses in nursing homes on the usage of benzodiazepines AUTHOR NAMES Anthierens S. Grypdonck M. De Pauw L. Christiaens T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Anthierens S., sibyl.anthierens@ugent.be) Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, UZ, 1K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium. (Grypdonck M.; De Pauw L.) Department of Nursing Science, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium. (Christiaens T.) Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Heymans Institute for Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Anthierens, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, UZ, 1K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Email: sibyl.anthierens@ugent.be SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2009) 18:22 (3098-3106). Date of Publication: November 2009 ISSN 0962-1067 1365-2702 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study on how nurses perceive their own role in the use of benzodiazepines in nursing homes and to identify the factors that have an impact on the nurses' role in the use of benzodiazepines. Background. The use of benzodiazepines in nursing homes is of particular concern, as nursing-home residents receive considerably more benzodiazepines than non-institutionalised older persons. Evidence of their long-term effectiveness is lacking. Nurses are important partners in the decision-making process of starting and discontinuation of benzodiazepines. Design. Qualitative descriptive. Method. Three focus group interviews and 10 additional semi-structured interviews were used with 33 registered nurses. The interviews were thematically analysed. Findings. Nurses' main concern is to work towards the comfort of the patient. Benzodiazepines are an easy option with not too many side effects and administration of benzodiazepines is experienced as a routine action. When prescribed they will almost automatically lead to chronic usage as there is no evaluation of their effect. There are three aspects that have an impact on nurse's perceptions of their role in benzodiazepine usage: their own individual attitude and perceptions, their knowledge and organisational factors. Conclusion. Nurses do not see benzodiazepines as a problem drug and once a prescription is initiated it will almost automatically lead to chronic usage. Nurses should work towards a pro-active promotion of addressing sleeping problems and they can play a key role in non-pharmacological interventions. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses can play a key role in suggesting non-pharmacological alternatives. Education to provide more insight into the problems of insomnia and anxiety may positively influence their attitudes and behaviour. All caregivers in nursing homes should be informed about the relevance of this issue. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine derivative (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health personnel attitude human information processing manpower psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19538562 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19538562) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02758.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 491 TITLE Stigma reported by nurses related to those experiencing drug and alcohol dependency: a phenomenological Giorgi study. AUTHOR NAMES Lovi R. Barr J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lovi R.; Barr J.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Lovi, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. SOURCE Contemporary nurse : a journal for the Australian nursing profession (2009) 33:2 (166-178). Date of Publication: Oct 2009 ISSN 1037-6178 ABSTRACT Alcohol and drug dependency is a widespread health and social issue encountered by registered nurses in contemporary practice. A study aiming to describe the experiences of registered nurses working in an alcohol and drug unit in South East Queensland was implemented. Data were analysed via Giorgi's phenomenological method and an unexpected but significant finding highlighted the frustration felt by registered nurses regarding experiences of stigma they identified in their daily work encounters. Secondary analysis confirmed the phenomenon of stigma with three themes: (1) inappropriate judgement; (2) advocacy; and (3) education. Resultantly, findings concluded registered nurses' working in this field need to become advocates for their clients, ensuring professional conduct is upheld at all times. This paper recommends that stigma could be addressed by incorporating alcohol and other drug dependency subjects and clinical placements into the curriculum of the Bachelor of Nursing degrees, and in-services for all practising registered nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism social psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia health education human patient advocacy psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19929161 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19929161) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 492 TITLE Costs-of-illness of ulcus cruris in germany: results of two approaches AUTHOR NAMES Purwins S. Augustin M. Herberger K. Debus S. Rustenbach S.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Purwins S.; Augustin M.; Herberger K.; Rustenbach S.J.) University Clinics of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. (Debus S.) Asklepios Klinik Harburg, Hamburg, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Purwins, University Clinics of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. SOURCE Value in Health (2009) 12:7 (A453). Date of Publication: October 2009 CONFERENCE NAME ISPOR 12th Annual European Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Paris, France CONFERENCE DATE 2009-10-24 to 2009-10-27 ISSN 1098-3015 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Estimation of cost-of-illness (COI) of leg ulcers in two German cross-sectional studies using different methodical approaches. METHODS: A direct and an indirect method for cost estimation were utilized. In a nationwide cross-sectional study in 33 specialized dermatological, surgical and general-medical wound centres, resource consumption and associated costs of venous leg ulcer(s) were collected directly from physicians and patients. In a second cross-sectional regional study, involving 147 institutions (hospitals, residencies, nursing services, dermatological offices, services for homeless and addictives) treating patients with ulcus cruris, resource consumption and associated costs were inferred from history, wound condition and actual/previous treatments based on standardized cost categories. Main economic parameters in both studies were direct, indirect and intangible costs (health related quality of life, HRQoL) from the societal perspective. RESULTS: The national study enrolled n = 218 patients with a mean age of 69.8 years (regional study: n = 502, 71 years). Wounds existed for 7 (regional 9) years on average. The mean total COI per year and patient was a9,569 (a10,624). While direct costs summed up to a8658 (a9851), indirect costs were much lower a911 (a772). Of direct costs, a7631 (a9122) were covered by the Statutory Health Insurances (SHI) and a1027 (a730) by the patients. For SHI, major cost factors were inpatient costs, non-drug treatments and physicians/nurses fees. Moreover, clinical predictors such as wound size, number and duration as well as wound etiology and characteristics of care (quality, support) were identified. All patients were severely impaired in their HRQoL, implying a high burden of disease and relevant intangible costs. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic leg ulcers generate highly relevant COI. Despite different recruitment and cost estimation methods, both studies resulted in comparable direct, indirect and intangible costs; observed differences can be attributed to sample characteristics. The results point to early and qualified disease management in all related health services areas. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) general aspects of disease Germany leg ulcer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS cost of illness cross-sectional study disease management drug therapy etiology health insurance health service hospital hospital patient nursing patient physician quality of life wound LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 493 TITLE Preliminary study of mental health consultation-liaison activities with primary health care teams in university community health care center in Brazil AUTHOR NAMES Azevedo-Marques J. Zanetti A.C.G. Galera S.A.F. Zuardi A.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Azevedo-Marques J.) Department of Neurology Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, HCFMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. (Zanetti A.C.G.; Galera S.A.F.) Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, EERP/USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. (Zuardi A.W.) Department of Neurology Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Azevedo-Marques, Department of Neurology Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, HCFMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. SOURCE European Psychiatry (2009) 24 SUPPL. 1 (S890). Date of Publication: 2009 CONFERENCE NAME 17th European Psychiatric Association, EPA Congress CONFERENCE LOCATION Lisbon, Portugal CONFERENCE DATE 2009-01-24 to 2009-01-28 ISSN 0924-9338 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Masson SAS ABSTRACT Aims: This preliminary study describe the experience of mental health consultation-liaison activities delivered by a psychiatric community nurse and a psychiatrist with Primary Health Care (PHC) teams in a university community health center in city of Ribeirao Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Method: This is a descriptive exploratory study, carried out from March to May 2008, from the record of the activities in weekly consultation meetings with four PHC teams. Results: The activities developed including discussions of issues and cases, joint consultations and home visits with PHC teams. Fifty-one joint consultations/home visits and twenty-six discussions of cases/issues were made. The clients were predominantly female and aged over 18 years; diagnoses of major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder and alcohol unhealthy use was common. Psychotic and bipolar disorders were also discussed and evaluated. The main complaints were related to: changes in sleep, appetite and energy; difficulty in relationships (including family and work); aggression and violence (including physical and sexual abuse); difficulty of adherence to treatment, and other psychiatric symptoms. The referrals were made mostly for ambulatory psychotherapy and ambulatory adult and child mental health specialized care. Conclusion: The joint activities between the specialized and PHC teams to enable full attention to health of patients and the development of interdisciplinary work. This work is challenging because it put on the agenda of health the borders between the levels of assistance, knowledge, practices and goals of different professional groups. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Brazil community care consultation mental health primary health care university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aggression appetite bipolar disorder child city community diagnosis female generalized anxiety disorder health health center major depression mental disease nurse patient professional practice psychiatrist psychosis psychotherapy sexual abuse sleep violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 494 TITLE Promoting tobacco dependence treatment in nursing education AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Bialous S.A. Rice V.H. Wewers M.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L., lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, United States. (Bialous S.A.) Tobacco Policy International, San Francisco, United States. (Rice V.H.) College of Nursing, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, United States. (Wewers M.E.) College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, UCLA School of Nursing, 700 Tiverton Ave, Los Angels, CA 90095-6918, United States. Email: lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Review (2009) 28:5 (507-516). Date of Publication: September 2009 ISSN 0959-5236 1465-3362 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Issues: There are 17.3 million nurses worldwide, the largest group of health-care professionals, and they have great potential to address the epidemic of tobacco use and its related morbidity and mortality. However, the evidence indicates that the educational preparation of nurses for tobacco control remains inadequate. Approach: This paper provides an overview of the efficacy of nurses in the delivery of smoking cessation interventions, existing tobacco control content in nursing educational programs, model curricula, teaching resources and strategies for reducing barriers to curricular change. Key Findings: Despite the efficacy of nursing intervention for tobacco cessation, lack of appropriate knowledge and/or skill presents a major problem for implementation. An important factor fostering this lack of preparation is limited tobacco control content in current nursing educational programs. Barriers to enhancing and building this curricula include lack of preparation of educators, low priority for this content in an already overloaded curricula, negative attitudes, continued smoking by nursing students and/or faculty and lack of tested curricula.The availability of new tobacco control resources, including those specifically tailored for nurses can assist educators in teaching this content and nurses in implementing interventions. Implications: Research and changes in policy are needed to ensure that nursing education includes essential content on tobacco control. Conclusion: Nurses can be effective in delivering tobacco cessation interventions. Efforts are needed to promote curriculum that ensures that all nursing students and practicing nurses receive tobacco control content and are competent in the delivery of interventions; and to disseminate resources to nursing educators. © 2009 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude nursing education tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum health personnel attitude human methodology smoking cessation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19737209 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19737209) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00107.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 495 TITLE Information-Seeking and its Predictors in Low-Income Pregnant Women AUTHOR NAMES Shieh C. McDaniel A. Ke I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shieh C., wshieh@iupui.edu; McDaniel A.; Ke I.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2009) 54:5 (364-372). Date of Publication: September 2009/October 2009 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT This study examined information-seeking and its predictors (information needs and barriers) in low-income pregnant women. Eighty-four pregnant women from a prenatal clinic were interviewed using three scales that measured the frequency of information-seeking from eight different sources, information needs for 20 pregnancy health topics, and 15 barriers to seeking information, respectively. Most women were black, unmarried, between 20 and 29 years of age, high school educated or less, multigravidas, and in their third trimester of pregnancy. Information needs and barriers were significant predictors of information-seeking. Together, they explained 26% of the variance in the seeking outcome. High information needs and low barriers predicted more frequent information-seeking. First pregnancy and asthma during pregnancy were significant covariates for information-seeking. Information needs and barriers are related to information-seeking among low-income pregnant women. To facilitate pregnant women's information-seeking, health care providers may assess a woman's need for information and barriers that the woman experiences when seeking information, and factors such as first pregnancy and asthma. © 2009 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) maternal attitude medical information EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS access to information adult age alcohol consumption article asthma birth control Black person breast feeding child development controlled study domestic violence drug abuse educational status emotional stress exercise female health care need health care personnel human interview labor lowest income group marriage maternal care maternal nutrition maternal stress multipara normal human physical activity prediction pregnancy prenatal care primipara priority journal race difference rating scale rest safe sex safety smoking third trimester pregnancy vitamin supplementation weight gain EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009450806 MEDLINE PMID 19720337 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19720337) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.12.017 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 496 TITLE Key factors in smoking cessation intervention among 15-16-year-olds AUTHOR NAMES Heikkinen A. Broms U. Pitkäniemi J. Koskenvuo M. Meurman J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heikkinen A.) Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, . (Broms U.; Pitkäniemi J.; Koskenvuo M.) Department of Public Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. (Meurman J.) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Heikkinen, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, . SOURCE Behavioral Medicine (2009) 35:3 (93-99). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2009 ISSN 0896-4289 BOOK PUBLISHER Heldref Publications, 1319 Eighteenth Street NW, Washington, United States. ABSTRACT The authors aimed to investigate factors associated with smoking cessation among adolescents after tobacco intervention. They examined smokers (n = 127) from one birth cohort (n = 545) in the city of Kotka in Finland. These smokers were randomized in 3 intervention groups the dentist (n = 44) and the school nurse (n = 42 groups), and a control group (n = 39). After 2 months, the authors sent a follow-up questionnaire to the initial smokers to find out who had quit.The authors found that those whose best friend was a nonsmoker were more likely to stop smoking (relative risk RR 7.0 95% Cl 4.6-10.7). Moreover, the nicotine-dependent participants (measured according to the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence(36)) were less likely to stop (RR 0.1 95% Cl 0.08-0.11) compared to non-nicotine dependent participants. Last, of the diurnal types, the morning types found it easier to quit smoking than the evening types (RR 2.2 95% Cl 1.4-3.6). Thus, the authors concluded that the best friend''s influence, nicotine dependence, and diurnal type could be taken more into account in individual counseling on smoking cessation. © 2009 Heldref Publications. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) questionnaire smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article controlled study female Finland health program human male psychometry risk factor smoking EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009547469 MEDLINE PMID 19812027 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19812027) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/BMED.35.3.93-99 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 497 TITLE Does implementation of clinical practice guidelines change nurses' screening for alcohol and other substance use? AUTHOR NAMES Tran D.T. Stone A.M. Fernandez R.S. Griffiths R.D. Johnson M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tran D.T.; Stone A.M.; Fernandez R.S.; Griffiths R.D.; Johnson M.) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.T. Tran, Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia. SOURCE Contemporary nurse : a journal for the Australian nursing profession (2009) 33:1 (13-19). Date of Publication: Aug 2009 ISSN 1037-6178 ABSTRACT AIM: To examine the effectiveness of the implementation of a clinical practice guideline on nurses screening patients for alcohol and other substance use, providing brief interventions, and referring patients at risk for treatment. METHOD: Medical record audits were conducted in selected medical and surgical wards of two metropolitan hospitals in Sydney prior to and three months following the guideline implementation. RESULT: Seventy-nine (pre) and 84 (post) patient records were audited. There were no differences in screening rates for alcohol (28% and 29%), tobacco (29% and 23%) and illicit drug use (16% and 8%) before and after implementation of the guideline. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: Factors which may have limited the effectiveness of the clinical practice guideline dissemination included design of the education program, existing level of nurses' knowledge and competence, and strategies in place to ensure sustainability of the program. We also provided suggestions for improvement of screening for alcohol and other substance use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) mass communication mass screening nursing staff practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health Australia chi square distribution clinical competence education evaluation study health care quality health personnel attitude human nurse attitude nursing nursing assessment nursing education nursing evaluation research organization and management patient referral psychological aspect statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19715491 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19715491) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 498 TITLE Survey of alcohol and other drug use attitudes and behaviors in nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Baldwin J.N. Bartek J.K. Scott D.M. Davis-Hall R.E. Desimone Ii E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baldwin J.N., jbaldwin@unmc.edu) College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States. (Bartek J.K.) College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States. (Scott D.M.) College of Pharmacy Nursing and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States. (Davis-Hall R.E.) Senior Care of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States. (Desimone Ii E.M.) School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. N. Baldwin, 986045 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6045, United States. Email: jbaldwin@unmc.edu SOURCE Substance Abuse (2009) 30:3 (230-238). Date of Publication: July 2009 ISSN 0889-7077 1547-0164 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Statewide nursing student alcohol and other drug (AOD) use attitudes and behaviors were assessed. Response was 929/2017 (46%) (practical nursing [n = 173/301] 57.3%; diploma and associate degree in nursing [n = 282/417] 67.6%; bachelor of science in nursing [n = 474/1299] 36.5%). Nearly 44% reported inadequate substance abuse education. Past-year AOD use included tobacco 36.9%, marijuana 6.8%, sedatives 4.6%, and opioids 2.6%. Past-year AOD-related events included blackouts 19.8%, class/work under the influence 6.3%, patient care under the influence 3.9%, lowered grades/job evaluations 6.6%, and legal charges 3.6%. Heavy drinking was reported by 28.9%. Practical nursing (PN) students most often reported tobacco use and sedative use, whereas Bachelor of Science in nursing (BSN) students most often reported marijuana use. Family histories of alcohol-related problems and drug-related problems were reported, respectively, by 48.1% and 19.2% of respondents; 51.1% reported at least one of these. PN students most often reported such family histories. Nursing educational systems should proactively address student AOD prevention, education, and assistance. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol amphetamine anabolic agent cannabis opiate psychedelic agent sedative agent steroid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse drug abuse nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cannabis addiction (prevention) coping behavior drinking behavior education program family history health education human major clinical study opiate addiction (prevention) patient care self report substance abuse tobacco dependence (prevention) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009583563 MEDLINE PMID 19591059 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19591059) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897070903040964 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 499 TITLE Nursing Home Policies on Items Brought in From the Outside for Facility Residents AUTHOR NAMES Stefanacci R.G. Lester P.E. Kohen I. Feuerman M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stefanacci R.G., r.stefan@usp.edu; Lester P.E.; Kohen I.; Feuerman M.) The Institute for Geriatric Studies, Mayes College of Healthcare Business and Policy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, PA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.G. Stefanacci, The Institute for Geriatric Studies, Mayes College of Healthcare Business and Policy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, PA, United States. Email: r.stefan@usp.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2009) 10:6 (419-422). Date of Publication: July 2009 ISSN 1525-8610 1538-9375 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: To identify nursing home standards related to items brought in from the community for residents through a nationwide survey of directors of nursing. Specifically we examined the policies with regard to food, cigarettes, alcoholic beverages, and over-the-counter medications. Methods: A national survey was distributed online and was completed by 299 directors of nursing of skilled nursing facilities. The directors of nursing were asked about policies regarding whether family and friends of residents are permitted to bring in items such as food, cigarettes, alcohol, and over-the-counter medications. Specifically, questions were related to monitoring, staff involvement, safety precautions, and policy implementation. Results: The results of the survey demonstrated a consistent policy practiced among facilities. Items commonly restricted for all residents included over-the-counter medications, alcohol, and cigarettes. On the other hand, food was significantly less likely to be restricted. Conclusion: Despite overall strict policies regarding the monitoring of access to over-the-counter medications, alcohol, and cigarettes by nursing home residents, ingestion of outside food remains fairly unrestricted. This is especially concerning given the growing number of residents with end-stage congestive heart failure, diabetes, dysphagia, or food allergies where access to outside food could result in an adverse event. Perhaps, facilities need to identify at-risk residents and better communicate to residents and their families regarding dietary restrictions on outside food. © 2009 American Medical Directors Association. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care policy nursing home residential care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article cognitive defect congestive heart failure diabetes mellitus diet restriction drug use dysphagia health care management health survey medical staff safety smoking EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009304033 MEDLINE PMID 19560720 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19560720) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2009.03.003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 500 TITLE Characteristics of nurses who used the internet-based nurses quitNet (®) for smoking cessation: Populations at risk across the lifespan: Population studies AUTHOR NAMES Bialous S.A. Sarna L. Wells M. Elashoff D. Wewers M.E. Froelicher E.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bialous S.A.) Tobacco Policy International, San Francisco, CA. (Wells M.) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA. (Elashoff D.) Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA. (Wewers M.E.) College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH. (Froelicher E.S.) Department of Physiological Nursing, Schools of Nursing and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. (Sarna L., lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 956918, 700 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 956918, 700 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918. Email: lsarna@sonnet.ucla.edu SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2009) 26:4 (329-338). Date of Publication: July-August 2009 ISSN 0737-1209 1525-1446 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Smoking among nurses is higher than other health care professionals but nurse-specific cessation programs are limited. Nurses QuitNet(®), launched in January 2004, provided an evidence-based online smoking cessation program for nurses and nursing students. Objectives: To describe Nurses QuitNet(®) registrants and relationships among the demographic and smoking characteristics, program dissemination strategies, and site utilization patterns. Design: Cross-sectional study. Sample: 1,790 Nurses QuitNets(®) registrants. Measurements: Demographics and smoking characteristics on the Nurses QuitNet(®) intake questionnaire. Results: Most registrants were female (92.5%), 45-54 years old (34.3%), Caucasian (84.5%), and college graduates (57.5%). Over 68% smoked 10-20 cigarettes/day; 66.4% smoked within 30 min of waking. Half of those with previous quit attempts did not use evidence-based methods; 30% had not made a quit attempt in the past year. "Read-only" social support was the most frequently used Nurses Quitnet(®) feature. Conclusions: The Internet can be a viable option to support nurses' cessation and is available to accommodate their work schedules. The sample is similar to the general nursing population, except for higher levels of education. Efforts are needed to assist nurses struggling with nicotine addiction and disseminate cessation resources, particularly targeting nurses with the highest prevalence of current smoking, for example licensed practical nurses. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to computers health personnel attitude Internet nurse smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health chi square distribution cross-sectional study epidemiology female health education human male methodology middle aged nursing methodology research organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire smoking (epidemiology, prevention) social support statistics teaching United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19573211 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19573211) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00787.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 501 TITLE Nurses' perceived facilitators and barriers to assessing for alcohol use in Taiwan AUTHOR NAMES Tsai Y.-F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tsai Y.-F., yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw) School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taiwan. (Tsai Y.-F., yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw) Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. (Tsai Y.-F., yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw) School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.-F. Tsai, School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan. Email: yftsai@mail.cgu.edu.tw SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2009) 18:14 (2078-2086). Date of Publication: July 2009 ISSN 0962-1067 1365-2702 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims. To explore nurses' perceived facilitators and barriers to assessing for alcohol use in Taiwan. Background. Excessive alcohol use has been associated with health, social and legal problem. Helping health care providers to detect and treat hazardous or harmful drinkers is an important worldwide issue. Design. A cross-sectional design was used. Methods. Nurse participants (n = 741) were recruited from 10 randomly selected hospitals in Taiwan. In these hospitals, nurses were selected from the Emergency Department, psychiatric and gastrointestinal medical-surgical units where most patients with alcohol problems are seen. Data were collected by facilitator and barrier scales as well as a background information form. Results. Nurses identified the top facilitator and barriers to assessing for alcohol use as 'want to know if patients' drinking problems are related to their illness' and 'patients' purposefully conceal information', respectively. Older nurses and those with longer general clinical experience had more perceived facilitators to assessing for alcohol use. Nurses' perceived facilitator scores were significantly and positively related to their intention scores, whereas their perceived barrier scores were significantly and negatively related to their intention scores. In addition, scores for perceived facilitators and barriers differed significantly by nurses' education level, work unit, experiences with assessing for alcohol use and previous attendance at training courses for assessing alcohol use. Conclusions. Our results suggest a need to strengthen nurses' education and training on the assessment of alcohol use in Taiwan. Relevance to clinical practice. Education and training programmes should aim to enhance Taiwanese nurses' alcohol knowledge, to emphasise the impact of alcohol use on illness and treatment and to enhance nurses' perceived facilitators and decrease their perceived barriers to assessing for alcohol use. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior nursing assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cross-sectional study human middle aged Taiwan LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19220620 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19220620) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02590.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 502 TITLE Sleep in adolescence: A review of issues for nursing practice AUTHOR NAMES Vallido T. Peters K. O'Brien L. Jackson D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vallido T.; Peters K., k.peters@uws.edu.au) School of Nursing, College of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia. (Jackson D.) Department of Nusring, School of Nursing, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia. (O'Brien L.) Department of Nusring, University of Western Sydney, Cumberland Hospital, Parramatta BC, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Peters, School of Nursing, College of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia. Email: k.peters@uws.edu.au SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2009) 18:13 (1819-1826). Date of Publication: July 2009 ISSN 0962-1067 1365-2702 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims and objectives. The aim of this review was to explore the literature to determine what is known about adolescent sleep, the causes and consequences of disturbed sleep in adolescence and the implications this has for nursing practice. Background. Sleep disorders are relatively common in young people. Disturbed sleep can be both a cause and a result of ill health and if recognised can indicate psychosocial, psychological or physical difficulties. Design. Literature review. Methods. Searching of key electronic databases. Results. Disturbed sleep in adolescents has several potential consequences, including daytime sleepiness, reduced academic performance and substance use/abuse. However, despite its significance and frequency, sleep disturbance is an area of adolescent health that is almost entirely unaddressed within the nursing literature. Conclusion. Nursing has a role to play in assisting adolescents and their families to recognise the importance of sleep to the general health and well-being of young people. Relevance to clinical practice. There is a need for nursing to develop tools to assess sleep in adolescent clients and non-pharmaceutical interventions to assist adolescents achieve optimum sleep and rest. Nurses may also contribute to educating adolescents and their families regarding the importance of good sleep hygiene. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing sleep disorder EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human nursing education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19638045 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19638045) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02812.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 503 TITLE Alcohol content in nursing curriculum: A pilot study AUTHOR NAMES Savage C.L. Murray M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Savage C.L.; Murray M.) University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Savage, University of Cincinnati, College of Nursing, Cincinnati, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (138A). Date of Publication: June 2009 CONFERENCE NAME Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting CONFERENCE LOCATION San Antonio, TX, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20 ISSN 0145-6008 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: Increasing our capacity to treat and prevent alcohol use disorders and adverse health consequences related to alcohol use requires the building of a workforce outside the traditional alcohol treatment system. Since nurses represent the greatest number of healthcare workers increasing curricular content related to alcohol use and health is a logical approach. However, most nursing curricula provide minimal content on alcohol use prevention and treatment. To address this need a new alcohol related curriculum for nurses developed by the NIAAA was piloted with nurse educators at two Universities, Howard University and the University of Cincinnati. Methods: This was an educational evaluation study. Participants at the two pilot sessions answered questions related to their teaching of alcohol content prior to attending the conference and their own level of knowledge. They were then asked to evaluate the effectiveness of the curriculum presented. Data were analyzed using basic frequencies. Findings: A total of 37 educators from nine institutions participated. Of these 26 completed the evaluation (70% response rate). At the first session (n = 13) 53% rated the content presented on prevention at community, family, and individual as exceptional and 38% rated it good. At the second session (n=7) 100% rated the same content as exceptional. At the first session (n = 13) 23% rated the content on alcohol screening in nursing practice exceptional to good and at the second session (n = 13) 92% rated is as exceptional and 8% as good. At the second session, additional questions were included. Based on eleven responses, 82% stated they had no academic training in alcohol or substance abuse yet the same percentage stated that they provided care to patients with alcohol related problems and 55% taught alcohol-related content in their classes. Conclusions: The attendees ranked the curriculum presented to them with high rankings. The nurse educators attending the second session reported encountering alcohol-related problems in their practice and teaching alcohol content. However, they did not have formal academic training in alcohol and health. Based on the results of this study, an alcohol curriculum for nursing students has the potential to increase nurse educators' knowledge base in alcohol and health and has utility for the teaching of alcohol content in nursing curricula. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nitrogen 13 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism curriculum nursing pilot study society United States EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption community evaluation study health health care knowledge base nurse nursing practice nursing student patient prevention screening substance abuse teaching university worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 504 TITLE Alcohol brief interventions: exploring perceptions and training needs. AUTHOR NAMES Lacey J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lacey J.) South West Essex Community Services. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Lacey, South West Essex Community Services. SOURCE Community practitioner : the journal of the Community Practitioners' & Health Visitors' Association (2009) 82:6 (30-33). Date of Publication: Jun 2009 ISSN 1462-2815 ABSTRACT One of the main thrusts of contemporary alcohol misuse policies is that early intervention can make a real difference to patterns of problem drinking, as long as healthcare professionals are given the right skills. However, healthcare professionals themselves suggest that they are often unsure of how to raise issues, and feel that they lack the skills or knowledge to do this effectively. This study investigates the perceptions and training needs of health visitors, school nurses, nursery nurses and practice nurses in relation to alcohol misuse primary prevention and the delivery of brief interventions in their day-to-day work. The findings indicate a variation in the need for training, which is reflected by the level of knowledge, skills and confidence of the different professional groups. This may help to facilitate the provision of needs-led alcohol training, and promote the effective delivery of support and brief interventions to individuals, families, schools and communities. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) community health nursing in service training needs assessment psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical trial education epidemiology human information processing multicenter study nursing United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19552113 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19552113) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 505 TITLE Patients adherence to anti-retroviral therapy in Botswana AUTHOR NAMES Kip E. Ehlers V.J. Van Der Wal D.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kip E.) University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. (Ehlers V.J., ehlersjh@mweb.co.za; Van Der Wal D.M.) Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa. (Ehlers V.J., ehlersjh@mweb.co.za) PO Box 65075, Erasmusrand (Pretoria), 0165, South Africa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. J. Ehlers, PO Box 65075, Erasmusrand (Pretoria), 0165, South Africa. Email: ehlersjh@mweb.co.za SOURCE Journal of Nursing Scholarship (2009) 41:2 (149-157). Date of Publication: June 2009 ISSN 1527-6546 1547-5069 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Purpose: To identify factors influencing patients' anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence at four clinics in Botswana. Design: Quantitative descriptive. Structured interviews were conducted with a random sample of 400 patients out of the population of all patients attending the four randomly selected ART clinics in Botswana during April and May 2007. Methods: Data were analysed using SPSS version 13. Chi-square and p-value calculations were done to test significance of the relationships between categories or variables. Findings: Patient-centred barriers to ART adherence included inadequate knowledge about ART, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), CD4 cell and viral-load results, stigma, travelling costs, waiting times at clinics, side effects of ART, use of traditional (indigenous or folk) medicines, and abuse of alcohol. Service-centred barriers included nurses' attitudes and knowledge, health workers' inability to conduct home visits and to contact defaulters, limited clinic hours, delays in getting CD4 and viral-load results. Conclusions: ART adherence requires more than free ART. Adherence levels will improve if both patient-centred and service-centred barriers are addressed. Clinical Relevance: Nurses play key roles in educating patients about ART adherence and side effects, but they should also educate patients about CD4 and viral-load test results and about the dangers of using traditional medicines and alcohol with ART. Shorter waiting times at clinics could make ART patients' lives more manageable. © 2009 Sigma Theta Tau International. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (drug therapy, epidemiology) Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy, epidemiology) patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article Botswana (epidemiology) female human male middle aged statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19538699 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19538699) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2009.01266.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 506 TITLE Improving services for people with alcohol-related problems. AUTHOR NAMES Mason C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mason C.) Royal College of Nursing Northern Ireland, Belfast. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Mason, Royal College of Nursing Northern Ireland, Belfast. Email: carolyn.mason@rcn.org.uk SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2009) 23:38 (35-40). Date of Publication: 2009 May 27-Jun 2 ISSN 0029-6570 ABSTRACT From March 2007 to April 2008 the Royal College of Nursing supported a project to improve services for people with alcohol-related problems by demonstrating and publicising the effectiveness of nursing interventions. The project team included representation from England, Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland. This article presents a framework that can be adapted and used by nurses to promote the development of specialist nursing services by health and social care commissioners and policy makers to improve care for people who misuse alcohol. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) health care quality EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cost of illness economics health care policy human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19552044 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19552044) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 507 TITLE Survey on addictions: toward curricular change for family nurse practitioners. AUTHOR NAMES Campbell-Heider N. Finnell D.S. Feigenbaum J.C. Feeley T.H. Rejman K.S. Austin-Ketch T. Zulawski C. Schmitt A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Campbell-Heider N.; Finnell D.S.; Feigenbaum J.C.; Feeley T.H.; Rejman K.S.; Austin-Ketch T.; Zulawski C.; Schmitt A.) University at Buffalo, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Campbell-Heider, University at Buffalo, USA. Email: nheider@buffalo.edu SOURCE International journal of nursing education scholarship (2009) 6:1 (Article4). Date of Publication: 2009 ISSN 1548-923X (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a survey of advanced practice nurses (APNs) to determine the activities they perform related to caring for patients with addictions and or co-occurring mental health disorders, the amount of addictions education in their graduate programs, and their perceptions of the value of addictions education for their role. Data were obtained from 233 APNs in New York State using a tool adapted from a previous job analysis survey. APNs reported the greatest amount of experience in history taking for various types of addictions and co-occurring mental health disorders and least amount of experience in performing objective exams, using standardized screening tools, ordering related diagnostic tests, prescribing pharmacological treatments, and making referrals for addiction treatment. Respondents reported a mean of less than three hours addictions education in their graduate programs in contrast to their high perceived importance of this clinical area. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, therapy) general practice nurse attitude nurse practitioner nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum education epidemiology female health care quality health personnel attitude human male methodology nurse nursing nursing evaluation research professional competence review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19222396 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19222396) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 508 TITLE The influence of addiction risk on nursing students' expectations of patients' pain reports: A clinical vignette approach AUTHOR NAMES Miceli P.C. Katz J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Miceli P.C., paula_m@yorku.ca; Katz J.) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. C. Miceli, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada. Email: paula_m@yorku.ca SOURCE Pain Research and Management (2009) 14:3 (223-231). Date of Publication: May-June 2009 ISSN 1203-6765 BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc., 2902 South Sheridan Way, Oakville, Canada. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of addiction risk (substance abuse history [SAH]) and pain relief (PR) on nursing and non-nursing students' perceptions of pain in a postoperative vignette patient. METHODS: Using a 2x2 design, the independent variables SAH (present/+, absent/-) and PR (adequate, little) were varied systematically to produce four vignettes. Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of the four vignettes that described a 45-year-old man after a total hip replacement. Participants rated the vignette patient's experienced and reported pain intensity (PI) on a 0 mm to 100 mm visual analogue scale and addiction risk on a 0 mm to 100 mm visual analogue scale. A pain congruence (PC) score was calculated (PC = reported PI - experienced PI), and was interpreted as congruent (±2 mm) or incongruent (+2 mm to +100 mm for expected pain over-reporting; -2 mm to -100 mm for expected pain under-reporting). RESULTS: Responses from undergraduate nursing (n=89) and non-nursing (n=88) students were analyzed. The estimated addiction risk was significantly lower in nursing (14% to 45%) versus non-nursing students (50%). Nursing students' mean PC scores were not significantly altered by SAH alone. Expectations of pain over-reporting were observed under conditions of SAH+/adequate PR, but not SAH+/little PR. In non-nursing students, SAH and PR were significant and independent factors influencing mean PC scores in the direction of pain over-reporting. CONCLUSION: Under most conditions, nursing students expected pain under-reporting by the postoperative vignette patient. However, nursing students did expect pain to be over-reported when addiction risk was high and PR was adequate. These data suggest that nursing students' expectations regarding pain over- and under-reporting were sensitive to perceptions of addiction risk, but involved additional factors (eg, level of PR). ©2009 Pulsus Group Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education postoperative pain student attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical competence controlled study female human male nursing student risk assessment substance abuse total hip prosthesis vignette visual analog scale EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Orthopedic Surgery (33) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2010010999 MEDLINE PMID 19547762 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19547762) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 509 TITLE Addressing substance abuse among nursing students: development of a prototype alternative-to-dismissal policy. AUTHOR NAMES Monroe T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Monroe T.) University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Monroe, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Email: tmonroe@utmem.edu SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2009) 48:5 (272-278). Date of Publication: May 2009 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Substance abuse and dependency are health issues that require effective policies within nursing education. In 2007, the University of Memphis School of Nursing drafted a new substance abuse policy using the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Policy and Guidelines for Prevention and Management of Substance Abuse in the Nursing Education Community. These guidelines include the assumption that addiction is an illness that can be treated and the philosophy that schools of nursing are committed to assisting students with recovery. The new policy at University of Memphis School of Nursing incorporated prevention, education, identification, evaluation, treatment referral, and reentry guidelines, as well as disciplinary action for students unwilling to undergo rehabilitation. It is hoped this new substance abuse policy will serve as a prototype for other institutions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention, rehabilitation) nursing education nursing student policy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human malpractice organization and management psychological aspect substance abuse United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19476032 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19476032) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 510 TITLE Tobacco dependence treatment education for baccalaureate nursing students. AUTHOR NAMES Butler K.M. Rayens M.K. Zhang M. Maggio L.G. Riker C. Hahn E.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Butler K.M.; Rayens M.K.; Zhang M.; Maggio L.G.; Riker C.; Hahn E.J.) University of Kentucky College of Nursing, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.M. Butler, University of Kentucky College of Nursing, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. Email: Karen.Butler@uky.edu SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2009) 48:5 (249-254). Date of Publication: May 2009 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Nurses are effective interventionists for tobacco dependence treatment but lack the related education. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact of the Rx for Change: Clinician-Assisted Tobacco Cessation curriculum on baccalaureate nursing students' perceived knowledge, confidence, skills, and opinions related to tobacco dependence treatment. Cohort 1 completed a process evaluation to assess acceptability of the pretraining survey and intervention. Cohort 2 completed pretraining and posttraining surveys. A subsample received a 2-hour intervention, whereas other participants received 6 hours of training. Cohort 1 rated the pretraining survey instrument favorably. In cohort 2, the Rx for Change program had a positive impact on perceived knowledge, confidence, skills, and opinions. Outcomes did not differ based on duration of intervention or students' smoking status. Further research related to standardized content for tobacco dependence treatment is indicated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling nursing education smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult analysis of variance article attitude to health clinical trial comparative study education female human male nursing time United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19476029 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19476029) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 511 TITLE Improving nurses' therapeutic attitude to patients who use illicit drugs: workplace drug and alcohol education is not enough. AUTHOR NAMES Ford R. Bammer G. Becker N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ford R.; Bammer G.; Becker N.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Ford, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia. Email: rosemary.ford@acu.edu.au SOURCE International journal of nursing practice (2009) 15:2 (112-118). Date of Publication: Apr 2009 ISSN 1440-172X (electronic) ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of workplace drug and alcohol education on nurses' therapeutic attitude to patients who use illicit drugs. It builds on a study of the generalist nursing workforce in the Australian Capital Territory in 2003, which showed that the interaction of role support with workplace drug and alcohol education facilitated nurses' therapeutic attitude. This paper explores this interaction in detail, showing that workplace education has no independent association with therapeutic attitude and that an effect from education only occurs when nurses have at least a moderate level of role support. Nursing workforce development needs to focus on strategies that provide role support for nurses as they work with this clinically challenging patient group. Without the ready availability of someone in the nurse's clinical field to advise and assist them, efforts to increase nurses' knowledge and skills are wasted. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) alcoholism (prevention) health education health personnel attitude nurse nurse patient relationship patient education workplace EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19335529 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19335529) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01732.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 512 TITLE Changes in general nurses' knowledge of alcohol and substance use and misuse after education AUTHOR NAMES Tran D.T. Stone A.M. Fernandez R.S. Griffiths R.D. Johnson M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tran D.T.) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia. (Stone A.M.) Drug Health Services, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. (Fernandez R.S.) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. (Griffiths R.D.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia. (Johnson M.) University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. (Griffiths R.D.; Johnson M.) Sydney South West Area Health Service, Liverpool, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. T. Tran, Centre for Applied Nursing Research, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia. SOURCE Perspectives in Psychiatric Care (2009) 45:2 (128-139). Date of Publication: April 2009 ISSN 0031-5990 1744-6163 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT PURPOSE. This study aims to assess the impact of an education program on Australian general nurses' knowledge and competence in identifying and managing patients with alcohol and substance use and misuse, and compare findings with existing literature on mental health nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS. Pre- and posttest design without a control group. FINDINGS. The nurses' knowledge of safe drinking limits and alcohol withdrawal management improved following the education. Nevertheless, overall the nurses reported a lack of adequate knowledge and competence. Compared to mental health nurses, the nurses in this study had lower levels of knowledge and competence. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS. We suggest several opportunities for general nurses to strengthen their knowledge and skills and the need for a comprehensive and regular education program. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, rehabilitation) alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation) clinical competence delirium tremens (diagnosis, rehabilitation) in service training nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Australia curriculum education female human male middle aged nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19366423 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19366423) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6163.2009.00213.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 513 TITLE Overweight and perception of overweight as predictors of smokeless tobacco use and of cigarette smoking in a cohort of Swedish adolescents AUTHOR NAMES Caria M.P. Bellocco R. Zambon A. Horton N.J. Galanti M.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Galanti M.R., rosaria.galanti@ki.se) Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, T2, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. (Caria M.P.; Bellocco R.; Zambon A.) Department of Statistics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy. (Bellocco R.) Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. (Horton N.J.) Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States. (Galanti M.R., rosaria.galanti@ki.se) Stockholm Centre for Public Health/Tobacco Prevention, Stockholm, Sweden. (Galanti M.R., rosaria.galanti@ki.se) Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. R. Galanti, Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, T2, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: rosaria.galanti@ki.se SOURCE Addiction (2009) 104:4 (661-668). Date of Publication: April 2009 ISSN 0965-2140 1360-0443 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim To study the association between measured or perceived overweight in adolescence and subsequent uptake of cigarette smoking and of the Swedish smokeless tobacco 'snus' (oral moist snuff). Design Population-based prospective cohort study with 7 years' follow-up. Setting Self-administered questionnaires and school nurses' visits. Participants A total of 2922 children of both sexes and mean age 11.6 years at recruitment, resident in the Stockholm region, Sweden. Measurements Tobacco use was self-reported at baseline and on six subsequent surveys. Subjects' height and weight were measured by school nurses during the first 4 years, self-reported thereafter. Overweight perception was self-reported at the age of 15 years. Findings Overweight and perception of overweight were not associated with subsequent uptake of either smoking or snus among males. Among females, overweight at baseline was associated with uptake of smoking [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-1.63], but not of snus. A similar pattern was found with overweight status during follow-up. Among girls with low-educated parents, overweight at baseline predicted the uptake of both snus and smoking. Among 15-year-old females who never used tobacco perceived overweight was associated with subsequent uptake of smoking (adjusted HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.20-2.46), but not of snus. Conclusions In Sweden, adolescent girls with actual or perceived overweight are at increased risk to start smoking, while indications that this increased risk applies to smokeless tobacco (snus) are limited to girls of low socio-economic status. © 2009 Society for the Study of Addiction. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence adolescent longitudinal study obesity smokeless tobacco smoking smoking Sweden EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child cohort analysis confidence interval female follow up girl hazard ratio height male parent population questionnaire risk school health nursing tobacco weight LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009136226 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02506.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 514 TITLE High-fat diet and the risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A population based-study AUTHOR NAMES Lobello S. Floreani A. Bressan A. Petridis I. Rosa Rizzotto E. Di Andrea O. Testa R. Marra M. Salmaso L. Chiaramonte M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lobello S.) ASL 16, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. (Floreani A., annarosa.floreani@unipd.it; Bressan A.) Dept of Surgical and Gastroenterological Sci, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. (Petridis I.; Chiaramonte M.) Dept of Medicine and Public Health, University of l'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy. (Rosa Rizzotto E.) University of Padovaii, Padova, Italy. (Di Andrea O.) ASL 16, Teramo, Italy. (Testa R.) Dept of Gerontology, Diabetology Unit, INRCA, Ancona, Italy. (Marra M.) Dept of Gerontology, Diabetology Unit, INRCAi, Ancona, Italy. (Salmaso L.) Dept of Statistics, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Lobello, ASL 16, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. SOURCE Journal of Hepatology (2009) 50 SUPPL. 1 (S365). Date of Publication: April 2009 CONFERENCE NAME International Liver Congress 2009, 44th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver CONFERENCE LOCATION Copenhagen, Denmark CONFERENCE DATE 2009-04-22 to 2009-04-26 ISSN 0168-8278 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier ABSTRACT The prevalence of NAFLD assessed by ultrasound (US) studies in the general population has been estimated ranging between 20-30%; it has mainly been associated to the metabolic syndrome components, especially obesity, dislipidaemia, and insulin resistance. The influence of dietary patterns is still poorly understood. Aims: To evaluate: 1. the prevalence of NAFLD in the general population; 2. the relationship between fatty liver and the following factors: dietary pattern, biochemical tests, and anthropometric characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study in a sub-sample (n = 358) of 700 residents in Arsita (a small town of Central Italy) was performed by US, biochemical tests, anthropometric evaluation. A semi-quantitative foodfrequency computer-assisted questionnaire was administered (Winfood 1.5, Medimatica srl, Martinsicuro, Italy). Results: US fatty liver was observed in 50.3% of cases (19.8% of whom had mild, 21.1% moderate, and 8% severe fatty liver); liver steatosis increased with advancing age with a 62.8% peak in males in the class of age between 46 and 75 years and was mainly associated to both obesity and alcohol abuse (87.4%). Only 8% of residents consumed a Mediterranean diet (2000-2500 Kcal, with 30% of lipids, mainly unsatured); 35% consumed a high-fat (55% lipids-65% saturated fat)/high-calories (3500-4500 Kcal) diet; 57% consumed a high-fat (40 lipids-50% saturated fat)/normalcalories diet. Logistic regression analysis showed that, adjusting for age and gender, BMI>25 kg/m(2) (OR = 0.25, 0.13-0.51 95% CI), HOMA>2.3 (OR = 0.30, 0.14-0.67 95% CI), and high-fat/high-calories diet (OR = 23.5, 2.74-201.8 95% CI) were significantly associated with NAFLD. Conclusion: Nutritional habits have a great importance in the pathogenesis of NAFLD; preventative efforts should be addressed to children in nursery and primary school. On behalf of Arsita Research Group, University of L'Aquila, Italy. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS lipid saturated fatty acid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) lipid diet liver liver disease nonalcoholic fatty liver population risk EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse calorie child city computer cross-sectional study diet fatty liver feeding behavior gender insulin resistance Italy logistic regression analysis male Mediterranean diet metabolic syndrome X nursery obesity pathogenesis prevalence primary school questionnaire ultrasound university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 515 TITLE Gaining insite: harm reduction in nursing practice. AUTHOR NAMES Lightfoot B. Panessa C. Hayden S. Thumath M. Goldstone I. Pauly B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lightfoot B.; Panessa C.; Hayden S.; Thumath M.; Goldstone I.; Pauly B.) Insite, Vancouver, British Columbia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Lightfoot, Insite, Vancouver, British Columbia. SOURCE The Canadian nurse (2009) 105:4 (16-22). Date of Publication: Apr 2009 ISSN 0008-4581 ABSTRACT Insite, a supervised injection facility in Vancouver, British Columbia, is an evidence-based response to the ongoing health and social crisis in the city's Downtown Eastside. It has been shown that Insite's services increase treatment referrals, mitigate the spread and impact of blood-borne diseases and prevent overdose deaths. One of the goals of this facility is to improve the health of those who use injection drugs. Nurses contribute to this goal by building trusting relationships with clients and delivering health services in a harm reduction setting. The authors describe nursing practice at Insite and its alignment with professional and ethical standards of registered nursing practice. Harm reduction is consistent with accepted standards for nursing practice as set out by the College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia and the Canadian Nurses Association and with World Health Organization guidelines. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) harm reduction health care facility nursing substance abuse (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada crime ethics health care delivery health promotion human medical ethics nurse patient relationship organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19435252 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19435252) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 516 TITLE Dating violence among high school students in southeastern North Carolina. AUTHOR NAMES Kim-Godwin Y.S. Clements C. McCuiston A.M. Fox J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kim-Godwin Y.S.; Clements C.; McCuiston A.M.; Fox J.A.) School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, North Carolina, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.S. Kim-Godwin, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, North Carolina, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2009) 25:2 (141-151). Date of Publication: Apr 2009 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Adolescents are a high-risk group for dating violence. Using the Youth Risk Behavior Survey data, this study examined the associations among dating violence (including physical dating violence [PDV] and sexual dating violence [SDV]) and selected health risk behaviors among 375 and 372 high school students, in 2005 and 2007, respectively, in southeastern North Carolina. The findings indicate PDV increased slightly from 2005 (11.6%) to 2007 (12.5%), while SDV remained approximately the same (10.4% in 2005 and 10.3% in 2007). PDV was strongly associated with SDV among high school students in 2005 and 2007. Significant associations also exist among dating violence and sexual behavior, substance use, violence, psychological health, and unhealthy weight control. School nurses should be actively involved in promoting healthy lifestyles and healthy choices among high school students through interdisciplinary efforts with parents, teachers, school districts, and communities. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) courtship high risk behavior sexual crime (prevention) violence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology, prevention) adolescent article female human male risk assessment school health nursing sexual behavior statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19244207 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19244207) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840508330679 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 517 TITLE Development of pharmaceutical care services in nursing homes: Practice and research in a Swiss canton AUTHOR NAMES Locca J.-F. Ruggli M. Buchmann M. Huguenin J. Bugnon O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Locca J.-F.; Bugnon O., olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch) Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Pharmacie de la PMU, Rue du Bugnon 44, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. (Ruggli M.) PharmaSuisse, Swiss Association of Pharmacists, 3097 Bern-Liebefeld, Switzerland. (Buchmann M.) Community Pharmacy Tête Noire, 1680 Romont, Switzerland. (Huguenin J.) Institute of Health Economics and Management, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Bugnon, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Pharmacie de la PMU, Rue du Bugnon 44, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Email: olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch SOURCE Pharmacy World and Science (2009) 31:2 (165-173). Date of Publication: April 2009 ISSN 0928-1231 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this study was to assess the implementation process and economic impact of a new pharmaceutical care service provided since 2002 by pharmacists in Swiss nursing homes. Setting The setting was 42 nursing homes located in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland under the responsibility of 22 pharmacists. Method We developed different facilitators, such as a monitoring system, a coaching program, and a research project, to help pharmacists change their practice and to improve implementation of this new service. We evaluated the implementation rate of the service delivered in nursing homes. We assessed the economic impact of the service since its start in 2002 using statistical evaluation (Chow test) with retrospective analysis of the annual drug costs per resident over an 8-year period (1998-2005). Main outcome measures The description of the facilitators and their implications in implementation of the service; the economic impact of the service since its start in 2002. Results In 2005, after a 4-year implementation period supported by the introduction of facilitators of practice change, all 42 nursing homes (2,214 residents) had implemented the pharmaceutical care service. The annual drug costs per resident decreased by about 16.4% between 2002 and 2005; this change proved to be highly significant. The performance of the pharmacists continuously improved using a specific coaching program including an annual expert comparative report, working groups, interdisciplinary continuing education symposia, and individual feedback. This research project also determined priorities to develop practice guidelines to prevent drug-related problems in nursing homes, especially in relation to the use of psychotropic drugs. Conclusion The pharmaceutical care service was fully and successfully implemented in Fribourg's nursing homes within a period of 4 years. These findings highlight the importance of facilitators designed to assist pharmacists in the implementation of practice changes. The economic impact was confirmed on a large scale, and priorities for clinical and pharmacoeconomic research were identified in order to continue to improve the quality of integrated care for the elderly. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical practice medical research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article controlled study female human male nursing home pharmacist pharmacy Switzerland EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Pharmacy (39) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009147444 MEDLINE PMID 19067223 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19067223) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-008-9273-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 518 TITLE Critical incidents in acute pain and the opioid dependent patient: Introduction of a pain teaching module AUTHOR NAMES Kalbag A. Gilfillan N. Graham B. Stranix N. Townsend R. Bourne N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kalbag A.; Gilfillan N.; Graham B.; Stranix N.) Imperial College, Anaesthetics, London, United Kingdom. (Townsend R.; Bourne N.) Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Kalbag, Imperial College, Anaesthetics, London, United Kingdom. SOURCE Pain Practice (2009) 9 SUPPL. 1 (53). Date of Publication: March 2009 CONFERENCE NAME 5th World Congress - World Institute of Pain ISSN 1530-7085 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Background and Aims: The safe and effective management of acute pain requires the appropriate education and training in the delivery of pain relief. Misunderstandings in the terminology related to substance abuse, tolerance, addiction and physical dependence may lead to inappropriate pain management (American Acad Pain Med 2004). Accurate nursing/carer knowledge about pain assessment and intervention is critical to effective pain management. (Loeb 1999). The aims of this audit were to identify whether introduction of an acute pain teaching module for junior anaesthetists made any difference to the number and type of critical incidents being reported. Methods: Our teaching programme was conducted on a weekly basis. It consisted of 6 presentations followed by group discussion. Critical incidents reported on our database were categorized by type of incident and if they were nursing or physician related. The number of opioid dependent patients needing a PCA between August 2006 and August 2008 was documented. Results: The physician related incidents were higher than the nursing related incidents over the period of August 2006-February 2008. However, following this period, no such incidents were reported. (Figure Presented). Conclusions: Introduction of an acute pain teaching module for anaesthetic trainees along with dissemination of guidelines for PCA use in the opioid dependent patient reduced the number and type of such incidents occurring, thereby improving overall patient care. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anesthetic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pain patient teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia data base drug dependence education medical audit nursing pain assessment patient care physician student substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-2500.2009.00266.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 519 TITLE Project ECHO (extension for community healthcare outcomes): Knowledge networks expand access to Hepatitis C (HCV) treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in rural areas and prisons. Care is as effective as a university HCV clinic AUTHOR NAMES Arora S. Murata G.H. Thornton K.A. Jenkusky S. Parish B. Dunkelberg J.C. Deming P. Kalishman S. Dion D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arora S.; Murata G.H.; Thornton K.A.; Dunkelberg J.C.; Dion D.) Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States. (Jenkusky S.; Parish B.) Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States. (Deming P.) Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States. (Kalishman S.) Family Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Arora, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States. SOURCE Hepatology (2009) 50 SUPPL. 4 (654A). Date of Publication: 2009 CONFERENCE NAME 60th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases: The Liver Meeting 2009 CONFERENCE LOCATION Boston, MA, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2009-10-30 to 2009-11-03 ISSN 0270-9139 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd ABSTRACT Purpose: To conduct a prospective cohort study to evaluate the efficacy of HCV treatment by primary care providers in rural areas and prisons in comparison to university clinics. Methods: Project ECHO is a new method of healthcare delivery and clinical education for the management of complex, common and chronic diseases, in underserved areas, using HCV as a model. In a worldwide competition sponsored by Ashoka Foundation and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Project ECHO was selected as the most disruptive innovation in healthcare that can improve healthcare globally. The Project ECHO Hepatitis C initiative is a partnership of University of New Mexico, eight prisons and fourteen rural health clinics dedicated to providing best practices and protocol-driven healthcare in rural areas. Telemedicine and internet connections enable specialists to comanage HCV patients using case-based knowledge networks and to track outcomes. Project ECHO was Project ECHO partners (nurse practitioners, primary care physicians, and physician assistants) present HCV positive patients during weekly 2-hour telemedicine clinics using a standardized, case-based format that includes discussion of history, physical examination and test results. In these case-based learning clinics, partners rapidly gain deep domain expertise in HCV as they collaborate with university specialists in hepatology, psychiatry and substance abuse in co-managing their patients. Results: Since 2003, 395 HCV knowledge network clinics have been conducted with 3965 case presentations. 3812 hours of Hepatitis C related no cost CME credits have been awarded to rural providers. 340 patients that met the study inclusion/exclusion criteria have terminated their treatment for hepatitis C (236 at a Project ECHO site and 104 at UNMH). Their mean age was 43.5 ± 10.5 years, 62.4% were male, and 58.7% were members of a minority group (mostly Hispanic). Of the 280 subjects whose final status has been determined, 152 were free of virus at 6 month follow-up. No difference was found in the cure rate for Project ECHO sites versus UNM (52.6% versus 58.3%). Project ECHO sites were more likely to treat minorities (63.9% versus 47.1%; P=0.004) and Hispanics (56.1% versus 34.3%; P<0.001) than the University. Significant adverse events (SAE) occurred in 11.2% of patients. Female gender, a high globulin, advanced age, and low BUN, were predictive of development of an SAE. Primary care providers experienced significant improvement in self efficacy and professional satisfaction(p<0.0001). Conclusions: ECHO based HCV treatment for rural patients and prisoners is as effective as a university HCV clinic. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) peginterferon ribavirin EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS globulin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health care hepatitis C hospital liver liver disease prison rural area university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS chronic disease clinical education cohort analysis competition female follow up gender health health care delivery health center Hispanic Internet learning male medical specialist minority group model non profit organization nurse practitioner patient physical examination physician physician assistant primary medical care prisoner psychiatry satisfaction self concept substance abuse telemedicine United States urea nitrogen blood level virus LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23303 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 520 TITLE Development and evaluation of a mental health care system at a Japanese company. AUTHOR NAMES Ariyoshi H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ariyoshi H.) Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Ariyoshi, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan. SOURCE AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (2009) 57:2 (59-65). Date of Publication: Feb 2009 ISSN 0891-0162 ABSTRACT Compared with other industrialized countries, the suicide rate in Japan is high. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the mental health care offered at a newspaper facing organizational restructuring and with an aging work force. The Health and Safety Committee played a central role in the creation and application of a new mental health care system. This plan, developed to meet the on-site dynamics of the company, was based on the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's "Guide for Workers' Mental Health Promotion in the Workplace" Executive officers' roles were defined at the directors' meetings, and the Health and Safety Committee held Listening Skills Seminars for executive personnel. As a result, the mental health care system functioned effectively and fostered the care of two presenting employees (i.e., one with slight depression with chronic lumbago and the other with alcohol dependency). In addition, the number of workers who took 4 or more days of sick leave decreased from 31 of 190 in 1996 to 5 of 108 in 2004, with no psychologically related absences. Moreover, the number of industrial injuries declined from 8 cases in 1996 to 0 cases in 2004, and no occupational deaths or early retirements occurred between the fiscal years of 1996 and 2004. As a result of this research at the company, a worksite where repeated large-scale organizational restructuring has occurred, the mental health care system functioned effectively and contributed to a decrease in the rate of sick leave taken by workers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion mental disease (prevention) mental health service occupational health service program development EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article health care quality human Japan male mental stress (prevention) middle aged occupational health nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19283934 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19283934) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/08910162-20090201-01 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 521 TITLE Evaluation of clinical practice improvement programs for nurses for the management of alcohol withdrawal in hospitals. AUTHOR NAMES Daly M. Kermode S. Reilly D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Daly M.; Kermode S.; Reilly D.) Riverlands Drug & Alcohol Centre, Lismore NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Daly, Riverlands Drug & Alcohol Centre, Lismore NSW, Australia. SOURCE Contemporary nurse : a journal for the Australian nursing profession (2009) 31:2 (98-107). Date of Publication: Feb 2009 ISSN 1037-6178 ABSTRACT The most common alcohol-related chronic condition for hospitalisation is alcohol dependence which can lead to an alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). The aim of this paper is to report on a quality improvement program in an Australian rural area health service for the screening and management of alcohol withdrawal and the effect of two types of nursing education and training approaches: a self-directed competency training package and a more traditional in-service program. The measure of improvement was compliance to nine clinical standards or core competencies for the assessment and treatment of the AWS derived from the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-Revised (CIWA-Ar) scale and the NSW drug and alcohol withdrawal clinical practice guidelines. An audit of medical records using a standardised protocol for the nine standards was conducted at baseline (n=100) and follow-up (n=340) across eleven hospitals in the area. Results indicated that in three hospitals, where 70 nurses completed the self-directed competency training, there was a higher total compliance score across the nine standards compared to eight hospitals where 238 nurses received the in-service program. The self-directed competency program was also rated highly by nurses who participated in the program. The benefits of self-directed competency training are discussed as well as future recommendations for improving nurse education strategies for managing alcohol withdrawal. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) health care quality withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia clinical competence human nursing practice guideline LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19379112 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19379112) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 522 TITLE Cigarette smoking among healthcare professional students of University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria. AUTHOR NAMES Aina B.A. Oyerinde O.O. Joda A.E. Dada O.O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Aina B.A.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Idi Araba Campus, Lagos, Nigeria. (Oyerinde O.O.; Joda A.E.; Dada O.O.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.A. Aina, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Idi Araba Campus, Lagos, Nigeria. Email: bolajokoaina@yahoo.com SOURCE Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine (2009) 19:1 (42-46). Date of Publication: 2009 Jan-Mar ISSN 0189-2657 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It is a known fact that health professionals can play a critical role in reducing tobacco use. In fact, it has been shown that even brief and simple advice from health care professionals can substantially increase smoking cessation rates. Students in healthcare professions are future healthcare professionals, identifying and documenting their knowledge, attitudes and practices with regards to tobacco smoking would shed light as to their future effectiveness in providing this much needed public health initiative in their practices. OBJECTIVE: This research was carried out to determine cigarette smoking habit among healthcare professional students of University of Lagos and Nursing students of Lagos University Teaching Hospital. METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Data was collected by the use of a structured, self administered questionnaire which was aimed at determining their smoking status and their attitudes. The target population was first and final professional year students representing the two class extremes and attempt was made to survey all the students that fell within this identified target population without randomization. Data was collected between March and June 2007. RESULTS: Out of 814 qualified participants, 433 responded to the questionnaire (53%). Smoking prevalence was highest among dental students (8.48%) while both Physiotherapy and Nursing students had nil prevalence rates. Overall, the current smoking prevalence was 3.93%. There was no statistically significant difference between the smoking habits of first year and final year students (p = 0.99). Based on Fagerstrom nicotine addiction test, only a small proportion of the current smokers can be classified as being maximally addicted (6.0%). CONCLUSIONS: From this study it can be concluded that smoking prevalence is low among healthcare professional students at the University of Lagos and this is a good indication that they would play critical role in reducing tobacco use. It is recommended that a tobacco counselling unit should be set up by the school authority. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking (adverse drug reaction, epidemiology) smoking cessation student tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cross-sectional study female human male Nigeria (epidemiology) prevalence psychological aspect questionnaire sex ratio statistics teaching hospital university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 20830986 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20830986) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 523 TITLE Educational needs analysis regarding co-morbid pain and substance abuse AUTHOR NAMES Tanner T.B. Metcalf M.P. Rossie K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tanner T.B., tanner@clinicaltools.com; Metcalf M.P.; Rossie K.) Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.B. Tanner, Clinical Tools, Inc., Chapel Hill, United States. Email: tanner@clinicaltools.com SOURCE Pain Medicine (2009) 10:1 (269). Date of Publication: January-February 2009 CONFERENCE NAME 25th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Pain Medicine, AAPM CONFERENCE LOCATION Honolulu, HI, United States CONFERENCE DATE 2009-01-27 to 2009-01-31 ISSN 1526-2375 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Introduction/Statement of the Problem: Successful treatment modalities for patients with co-morbid pain and substance abuse problems have been developed. However, the practice community is ill-equipped to incorporate such evidence-based recommendations or strong clinical consensus opinions due to a lack of knowledge and training in this area. Materials and Methods:Using funding from NIDA, this project is surveying and interviewing primary care physicians (PCP(s)), primary care residents, and nurse practitioners (NP(s)), to determine educational needs and learning preferences. We also inquired about interest in an educational experience involving Internet-based Standardized Patients (SP(s)) to mirror the challenges and variability of interviewing live patients. Exempt research determined by the Clinical Tools' IRB involved opt-in subjects who were contacted by email about participating in online surveys (n = 9 for each group). Results: Each group prioritized training need as follows: 1) treating patients in recovery, 2) treating patients actively using substances, 3) treating patients at risk for substance abuse. With respect to conventional online, case-based educational courses, each group preferred a format using multiple short cases (>75%). They differed slightly in terms of how to best integrate cases and factual content but all preferred interactive questions/answer pairs on every page. The majority of each group expressed interest in learning by interviewing a virtual SP. For the SP experience, a chat-based interview was preferred to a video-based interview. Practicing physicians want very flexible hours and quick response time. Residents and NPs are more willing to wait for a response. Conclusions: PCPs, residents and NPs identify a need to learn more about co-morbid substance abuse and pain. They are interested in online education solutions, especially those that employ multiple cases as the learning modality and interactive questions. They are willing to engage with virtual SP via chat. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pain substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS community consensus e-mail education evidence based practice funding Internet interview learning nurse practitioner patient physician primary medical care response time risk videorecording LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2008.00537.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 524 TITLE Binge drinking in college-aged women: Framing a gender-specific prevention strategy AUTHOR NAMES Kelly-Weeder S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelly-Weeder S., kellywee@bc.edu) Family Nurse Practitioner Program, . (Kelly-Weeder S., kellywee@bc.edu) William F Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA. (Kelly-Weeder S., kellywee@bc.edu) William F Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Cushing Hall 420, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Kelly-Weeder, William F Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Cushing Hall 420, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467. Email: kellywee@bc.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2008) 20:12 (577-584). Date of Publication: December 2008 ISSN 1041-2972 1745-7599 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Purpose: To provide an overview of binge drinking in college-aged women and to suggest strategies for nurse practitioners (NPs) to assist women in preventing the negative consequences associated with this behavior. Data sources: Original research articles and comprehensive review articles identified through Medline, CINAHL, and OVID databases. Conclusions: Researchers have shown that the rates of binge drinking in college-aged women are increasing, which places these women at increased risk for the long-term complications associated with alcohol use. Implications for practice: NPs must be aware of this phenomenon and carefully screen women for high-risk alcohol use. Prevention strategies are reviewed and include the use of brief motivational interviews delivered during individual client encounters as well as through Web-based programs. © 2008 American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) female nurse practitioner student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health drinking behavior (prevention) education health service human lifestyle methodology motivation nurse attitude nursing assessment organization and management patient education primary health care primary prevention psychological aspect risk factor statistics women's health CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19120588 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19120588) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00357.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 525 TITLE Brief advice for 'harmful' drinkers. AUTHOR NAMES Davies G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Davies G.) Emergency Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Davies, Emergency Department, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge. SOURCE Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association (2008) 16:8 (26-27). Date of Publication: Dec 2008 ISSN 1354-5752 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) emergency health service emergency nursing nurse attitude patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human organization and management United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19119566 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119566) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 526 TITLE Beliefs, Knowledge, and Self-Efficacy of Nursing Students Regarding Tobacco Cessation AUTHOR NAMES Lenz B.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lenz B.K., bklenz@stcloudstate.edu) Department of Nursing Science, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.K. Lenz, Department of Nursing Science, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States. Email: bklenz@stcloudstate.edu SOURCE American Journal of Preventive Medicine (2008) 35:6 SUPPL. (S494-S500). Date of Publication: December 2008 ISSN 0749-3797 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Introduction: Evidence-based clinical interventions for smoking cessation have proven to be effective in reducing smoking rates among patients who use tobacco. Ensuring that registered nurses (RNs) are knowledgeable and have the self-efficacy to provide such clinical interventions can contribute to declines in tobacco use among their patients who smoke. The aim of this study was to determine if baccalaureate nursing (BSN) students in Minnesota received training in the clinical treatment of tobacco dependence and to identify perceived barriers that may limit their ability to intervene with their patients. Methods: Quantitative descriptive, with data collected in spring of 2007. The sample was 675 senior BSN students enrolled in ten Minnesota private and public institutions. The survey questionnaire included demographics, knowledge about tobacco treatment, personal tobacco-use history, beliefs about smoking, self-efficacy, and behavioral application of cessation intervention. Results: BSN students generally reported that they were comfortable assessing tobacco use among their patients and referring tobacco users to cessation resources. Nursing students who considered themselves smokers (7.9%) and who reported using tobacco in the last 30 days but did not consider themselves smokers (17.5%) indicated more agreement regarding the positive aspects of smoking, and were less likely to view it as their professional responsibility to help smokers quit, than did non-smoking nursing students (74.6%). Conclusions: Nursing students' personal smoking behaviors affected their beliefs about smoking and their view about the professional role in helping smokers quit. These findings have implications for undergraduate nursing programs regarding professional role socialization and education about clinical smoking cessation interventions. © 2008 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) tobacco dependence (prevention, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged controlled study female health education human major clinical study male nursing knowledge nursing student review self concept smoking cessation smoking habit EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008525888 MEDLINE PMID 19012844 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19012844) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 527 TITLE An update on the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the elderly AUTHOR NAMES Lee C.-H. Wu C.-L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lee C.-H.; Wu C.-L., wuchienliang100@pchome.com.tw) Division of Chest and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 92 Section 2, Chung Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan. (Lee C.-H.; Wu C.-L., wuchienliang100@pchome.com.tw) Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.-L. Wu, Division of Chest and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 92 Section 2, Chung Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan. Email: wuchienliang100@pchome.com.tw SOURCE International Journal of Gerontology (2008) 2:4 (183-195). Date of Publication: December 2008 ISSN 1873-9598 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd, 3 Killiney Road, 08-01, Winsland House I, Singapore, Singapore. ABSTRACT Pneumonia is the leading cause of infection-related death and represents the fifth cause of mortality in the elderly. There are several reported risk factors for acquiring pneumonia at an older age, such as alcoholism, lung and heart diseases, nursing home residence, and swallowing disorders. Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is reviewed, with an emphasis on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The clinical characteristics of pneumonia in the elderly differ substantially compared with younger patients, and the severity of the disease is strongly associated with increased age and age-related comorbid disorders. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the pathogen most frequently responsible for pneumonia in the elderly with early HAP without risk factors for MDR; enteric Gram-negative rods should be considered in nursing home-associated pneumonia, as well as anaerobes in patients with aspiration pneumonia. Special attention should be given to preventive measures such as vaccination, oral care, and nutrition. The management of HAP should be instituted early with: appropriate use of antibiotics in adequate doses; avoidance of excessive use of antibiotics by de-escalation of initial antibiotic therapy, based on microbiologic cultures and the clinical response of the patient; and reduction of the duration of treatment to the minimum effective period. © 2008 Elsevier. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amikacin (drug therapy) aminoglycoside antibiotic agent (drug combination, drug therapy) aminopenicillin antibiotic agent (drug therapy) antiinfective agent (drug therapy) azithromycin (drug therapy) beta lactamase inhibitor (drug therapy) cefepime (drug therapy) ceftazidime (drug therapy) ceftriaxone (drug therapy) cephalosporin derivative (drug therapy) ciprofloxacin (drug therapy) clindamycin (drug therapy) ertapenem (drug therapy) gentamicin (drug therapy) imipenem (drug therapy) levofloxacin (drug dose, drug therapy) linezolid meropenem (drug therapy) metronidazole (drug therapy) moxifloxacin (drug therapy) penicillin G (drug therapy) piperacillin plus tazobactam polymyxin derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) polysaccharide vaccine (drug therapy) rifampicin (drug combination, drug therapy) sultamicillin (drug therapy) tobramycin (drug therapy) unindexed drug vancomycin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital acquired pneumonia (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, prevention) pneumonia (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Acinetobacter aged aging alcoholism antibiotic resistance antibiotic sensitivity antibiotic therapy aspiration pneumonia cause of death clinical feature clinical protocol comorbidity diagnostic test disease severity drug safety drug use dysphagia Gram negative bacterium heart disease human immunosuppressive treatment infection prevention lung disease medical assessment methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus monotherapy mortality mouth hygiene multidrug resistance nephrotoxicity (side effect) neurotoxicity (side effect) nonhuman nursing home patient nutrition pathogenesis priority journal prognosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa review risk factor vaccination CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amikacin (37517-28-5, 39831-55-5) azithromycin (83905-01-5) cefepime (88040-23-7) ceftazidime (72558-82-8) ceftriaxone (73384-59-5, 74578-69-1) ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1) clindamycin (18323-44-9) ertapenem (153773-82-1, 153832-38-3, 153832-46-3) gentamicin (1392-48-9, 1403-66-3, 1405-41-0) imipenem (64221-86-9) levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0) linezolid (165800-03-3) meropenem (96036-03-2) metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1) moxifloxacin (151096-09-2) penicillin G (1406-05-9, 61-33-6) rifampicin (13292-46-1) sultamicillin (76497-13-7) tobramycin (32986-56-4) vancomycin (1404-90-6, 1404-93-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009052775 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1873-9598(09)70007-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 528 TITLE Role of the school nurse 100 years ago. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2008) 17:21 (1345). Date of Publication: 2008 Nov 27-Dec 10 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT School nursing is ripe for development and could well be an interesting specialist area to work in for the innovative nurse, given some of the problems nowadays. For example, child abuse, the increasing problem of children with obesity and poor diet, alcohol abuse, smoking and sexual health issues. Although the nature of some of the health problems has changed there are some commonalities with what was happening 100 years ago in Britain at the time. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article history human publication United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 19060817 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19060817) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 529 TITLE Policy development for disruptive student behaviors. AUTHOR NAMES Clark C.M. Farnsworth J. Springer P.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark C.M.; Farnsworth J.; Springer P.J.) Department of Nursing, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1840, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.M. Clark, Department of Nursing, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1840, USA. Email: cclark@boisestate.edu SOURCE Nurse educator (2008) 33:6 (259-262). Date of Publication: 2008 Nov-Dec ISSN 1538-9855 (electronic) ABSTRACT Nursing students who demonstrate disruptive and at-risk behaviors in the classroom and clinical arena compromise the learning environment and are unable to provide safe, quality client care. They require early and swift identification, consultation, sanctions, or possible referral into treatment to protect themselves and public safety. The authors describe the evolution of a comprehensive policy for faculty intervention with at-risk students and provide an exemplar of a situation illustrating the use of the policy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing student safety violence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) aggression ethics high risk behavior human management medical ethics mental disease (prevention) nurse attitude organization and management patient referral policy psychological aspect review statistics student university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18981907 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18981907) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 530 TITLE Facilitating risk reduction among homeless and street-involved youth AUTHOR NAMES Busen N.H. Engebretson J.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Busen N.H., nancy.h.busen@uth.tmc.edu; Engebretson J.C.) Department of Integrative Nursing Care, School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States. (Busen N.H., nancy.h.busen@uth.tmc.edu) Department of Integrative Nursing Care, School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6901 Bertner, Houston, TX 77030, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. H. Busen, Department of Integrative Nursing Care, School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6901 Bertner, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Email: nancy.h.busen@uth.tmc.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2008) 20:11 (567-575). Date of Publication: November 2008 ISSN 1041-2972 1745-7599 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Purpose: The purposes of this evaluation project were to describe a group of homeless adolescents and street-involved youth who utilized a mobile unit that provided medical and mental healthcare services and to assess the efficacy of the services provided in reducing their health risk behaviors. Data sources: The records of 95 youth aged 15-25 years who used the medical mobile unit for an average of 14 months were examined and evaluated according to the national health indicators related to risk reduction. Current literature related to health risk behavior among homeless youth was reviewed, synthesized, and provided the background for this article. Conclusions: Data were obtained from the records of mostly heterosexual youth with a mean age of 20.5 years. Approximately one third of the participants were high school graduates and most were without health insurance. Living situations were transient including friends, shelters, crash pads, or the streets. Abuse accounted for the majority leaving home. Psychiatric conditions and substance abuse were common. Medical conditions were related to transient living situations, substance abuse, and sexual activity. Success of the program was associated with sustained counseling, stabilizing youth on psychotropic medications, decreasing substance use, providing birth control and immunizations, and treating medical conditions. Implications for practice: Homeless youth are one of the most underserved vulnerable populations in the United States with limited access and utilization of appropriate healthcare services. Nurse practitioners often serve as care providers but are also in a position to effectively lobby to improve health care for homeless youth through professional organizations and community activism. Furthermore, when designing and evaluating healthcare services, multidisciplinary teams need to consider risk reduction for homeless youth in the context of their environment. © 2008 The Author(s). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion homelessness nurse practitioner preventive health service risk reduction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult child abuse (prevention) demography education evaluation study female health behavior health care disparity health care planning health care quality health disparity health survey human male nursing nursing evaluation research organization and management psychological aspect retrospective study review statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 19128341 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19128341) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00358.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 531 TITLE Profiling police presentations of mental health consumers to an emergency department AUTHOR NAMES Lee S. Brunero S. Fairbrother G. Cowan D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lee S., soung.lee@sswahs.nsw.gov.au) Enhanced Hospital Drug Health Consultation Liaison Services, Liverpool Hospital, PO Box 5, Fairfield, NSW 2165, Australia. (Brunero S.) Liaison Mental Health Nursing, Prince of Wales Hospital, . (Fairbrother G.) Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney. (Cowan D.) New South Wales Police Force, Parramatta, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Lee, Enhanced Hospital Drug Health Consultation Liaison Services, Liverpool Hospital, PO Box 5, Fairfield, NSW 2165, Australia. Email: soung.lee@sswahs.nsw.gov.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2008) 17:5 (311-316). Date of Publication: October 2008 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Public mental health systems have been called on to better meet the needs of consumers presenting to health services with the police, yet few studies have examined police presentations among mental health consumers in large public mental health systems. This study was designed to determine the frequency profile and characteristics of consumers of mental health services brought in by police to an emergency department (ED) in Sydney, Australia. Using data from the emergency department information system and obtaining the psychiatric assessment from the medical record, we have examined trends and characteristics in mental health presentations brought in by the police to a general ED between 2003 and 2005. The sample consisted of 542 consumers with a mental health problem brought in by the police to the ED of a 350-bed community hospital. The characteristics of this group were compared with those of all mental health related ED presentations for the same period using logistic regression. Results indicated that police presentations are likely to be young males who are unemployed, have past and present alcohol and other drugs use, present after hours, and are admitted to hospital as a result of their presentation. These consumers are likely to have a presenting problem of a psychotic disorder, less likely to have a presenting problem of depression and/or anxiety, and given a triage code of three or higher. The study results highlight the importance of the availability of 24-hour access to mental health care to ensure a quick care delivery response. Police presentations to EDs with mental health issues are an indicator of significant impact on health services, especially with the current overcrowding of EDs and the associated long waiting times. Systems need to be developed that facilitate collaboration between EDs, hospital security, police services, mental health, and ambulance services. © 2008 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency health service mental disease (epidemiology) police EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) adult age alcoholism (epidemiology) anxiety disorder (epidemiology) article Australia community hospital cross-sectional study depression (epidemiology) female health care delivery hospital information system human male nursing psychosis (epidemiology) sex difference socioeconomics statistics utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18789040 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18789040) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2008.00553.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 532 TITLE Absconding: A review of the literature 1996-2008 AUTHOR NAMES Muir-Cochrane E. Mosel K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Muir-Cochrane E., moselka@iprimus.com.au; Mosel K.A.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Muir-Cochrane, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA. Email: moselka@iprimus.com.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2008) 17:5 (370-378). Date of Publication: October 2008 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT Absconding is a significant problem with potential for harm to patients or the general public. The consequences of absconding include physical harm, prolonged treatment time, and substantial economic costs. The aim of this systematic literature review is to synthesize quality literature about absconding from psychiatric facilities, identify gaps in knowledge, and make recommendations for practice. An electronic search yielded 39 journal articles that met the review criteria. Findings demonstrate that a single definition of absconding remains elusive, making the prevalence of absconding difficult to establish. Absconding events are multifactorial, with environmental, psychosocial, and organic aspects. Negative consequences exist including violence, aggression, and self-neglect and harm to self and others. Papers are clustered around the following themes: harm and risk, absconder profiles, absconding rates, and perceptions of nurses and patients. Nursing interventions designed to decrease absconding have been implemented with success, but only in a few studies and in Australia, none have been reported in the literature to date. Further research is required to identify appropriate nursing-based interventions that may prove useful in reducing the risk of absconding. © 2008 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) escape behavior mental disease patient psychiatric department EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult Australia cross-sectional study female forensic psychiatry human male nursing organization and management psychological aspect review risk factor schizophrenia statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18789047 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18789047) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2008.00562.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 533 TITLE Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in Nursing Homes: Development of Practice Recommendations in a Swiss Canton (DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2008.04.003) AUTHOR NAMES Locca J.-F. Büla C.J. Zumbach S. Bugnon O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Locca J.-F.; Bugnon O., Olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch) Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland. (Büla C.J.) Service of Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. (Zumbach S.) Service of Psychogeriatric Medicine, Psychiatric Hospital, Marsens, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Bugnon, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland. Email: Olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2008) 9:8 (611-611.e10). Date of Publication: October 2008 ISSN 1525-8610 1538-9375 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: In 2002, the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, implemented a coordinated pharmaceutical care service in nursing homes to promote rational drug use. In the context of this service, a project was conducted to develop recommendations for the pharmacological management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing home residents. Design and Methods: Selected evidence-based guidelines and meta-analysis sources related to the management of depression, insomnia, and agitation in dementia patients were systematically searched and evaluated. Evidence and controversies regarding the pharmacological treatment of the most common BPSD symptoms were reviewed, and treatment algorithms were developed. Results: Ten evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses for BPSD management were identified, with none specifically addressing issues related to nursing home residents. Based on this literature, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. For depression, SSRIs are considered the first choice if an antidepressant is required. No clear evidence has been found for sleep disturbances; the underlying conditions need to be investigated closely before the introduction of any drug therapy. Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of agitation, and if necessary, antipsychotics could be used, although they have significant side effects. Several areas of uncertainty were identified, such as the current controversy about typical and atypical antipsychotic use or the appropriateness of cholinesterase inhibitors for controlling agitation. Treatment algorithms were presented to general practitioners, pharmacists, and medical directors of nursing homes in the canton of Fribourg, and will now be implemented progressively, using educational sessions, pharmaceutical counseling, and monitoring. Conclusion: Based on existing evidence-based studies, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. It should be further studied whether these algorithms implemented through pharmaceutical care services will improve psychotropic drug prescriptions and prevent drug-related problems in nursing home residents. © 2008 American Medical Directors Association. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) aripiprazole (drug therapy) atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy) citalopram (drug therapy) clomipramine (drug therapy) diazepam (drug therapy) etoperidone (drug therapy) fluoxetine (drug therapy) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) imipramine (drug therapy) loxapine (drug therapy) maprotiline (drug therapy) melatonin (drug therapy) moclobemide (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) placebo psychotropic agent (drug therapy) quetiapine (drug comparison, drug therapy) risperidone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy) sertraline (drug therapy) thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tiotixene (drug therapy) trazodone (drug therapy) unindexed drug valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy) venlafaxine (drug therapy) zuclopenthixol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior disorder (drug therapy) dementia (drug therapy) mental disease (drug therapy) pharmaceutical care practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS agitation algorithm cerebrovascular disease (side effect) cognitive defect (drug therapy) delirium (side effect) depression (drug therapy) disease control drug choice drug efficacy drug megadose drug safety erratum evidence based practice extrapyramidal syndrome (side effect) general practitioner human insomnia (drug therapy) nursing home nursing home patient nursing home personnel patient counseling patient education patient monitoring pharmacist prescription QT prolongation (side effect) sedation side effect (side effect) Switzerland unspecified side effect (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aripiprazole (129722-12-9) citalopram (59729-33-8) clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1) diazepam (439-14-5) etoperidone (52942-31-1, 57775-22-1) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) haloperidol (52-86-8) imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7) loxapine (1977-10-2) maprotiline (10262-69-8, 10347-81-6) melatonin (73-31-4) moclobemide (71320-77-9) olanzapine (132539-06-1) quetiapine (111974-72-2) risperidone (106266-06-2) sertraline (79617-96-2) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) tiotixene (5591-45-7) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) zuclopenthixol (53772-83-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008454239 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2008.09.001 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 534 TITLE Development and validation of a scale of attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and alcoholics AUTHOR NAMES De Vargas D. Luis M.A.V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (De Vargas D., vargas@usp.br) University of São Paulo, School of Nursing, Brazil. (Luis M.A.V., margarit@eerp.usp.br) University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Center for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. De Vargas, University of São Paulo, School of Nursing, Brazil. Email: vargas@usp.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:5 (895-902). Date of Publication: September/October 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was the construction and validation of a scale that would measure the attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and the alcoholic, called the Scale of Attitudes Towards Alcohol, Alcoholism and the Alcoholic. The face and content validations, as well as the factor analysis of the data obtained in a preliminary test with 144 nursing students resulted in a scale consisting of 96 items, divided into 5 factors: Attitudes towards the alcoholic person: care and interpersonal relations; Etiology; Disease; Repercussions deriving from alcohol use/abuse; Alcoholic beverages. The general scale presented a consistency level of 0.90. The resulting instrument is concluded to be a reliable tool to evaluate attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and alcohol addicts. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude questionnaire EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human psychometry reproducibility validation study CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 19061028 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19061028) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-11692008000500016 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 535 TITLE When pregnant patients disclose substance use: Missed opportunities for behavioral change counseling AUTHOR NAMES Chang J.C. Dado D. Frankel R.M. Rodriguez K.L. Zickmund S. Ling B.S. Arnold R.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chang J.C., jchang@mail.magee.edu; Dado D.) Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. (Frankel R.M.) Institute for Health Care, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States. (Rodriguez K.L.; Zickmund S.; Ling B.S.) Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Rodriguez K.L.; Zickmund S.; Ling B.S.; Arnold R.M.) Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.C. Chang, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Email: jchang@mail.magee.edu SOURCE Patient Education and Counseling (2008) 72:3 (394-401). Date of Publication: September 2008 ISSN 0738-3991 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland. ABSTRACT Objective: The first obstetric visit is an opportunity to provide counseling to women with substance abuse risks, including smoking, drug use, and alcohol use. Little is known about how obstetric care providers and patients discuss these issues. Our objective was to examine patient-provider communication about substance use behaviors during these visits. Methods: We audio-taped and transcribed verbatim first prenatal visits in an outpatient hospital clinic, then qualitatively analyzed them for content and process of communication using modified grounded theory methods. Results: Twenty-nine providers (21 residents, 5 midwives, 3 nurse practitioners) and 51 patients participated. Twenty-five patients were smokers, 4 used alcohol, and 11 used drugs. Provider responses to smoking disclosures included discussions of risks, encouragement to quit-cut down, affirmation of attempts to quit-cut down, and referral to smoking cessation programs. Responses to alcohol or drug disclosures included only a general statement regarding risks and referral to genetics. Conclusion: Providers were less attentive to alcohol and drugs than smoking where they had pre-established patterns of response. Practice implications: Providers should discuss behavioral change strategies and motivations with pregnant patients who use drugs and/or alcohol as well as those who smoke. © 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) patient counseling pregnancy substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol abuse article audio recording behavior change controlled study doctor patient relation drug abuse female health care personnel human interpersonal communication major clinical study outpatient care priority journal risk assessment smoking smoking cessation EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008379575 MEDLINE PMID 18620835 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18620835) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2008.06.001 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 536 TITLE The influence of learning styles preference of undergraduate nursing students on educational outcomes in substance use education AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Rawaf S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H., p9800003@sgul.ac.uk) Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Rassool G.H., p9800003@sgul.ac.uk) Federal Universidade de Minas Gerals, Brazil. (Rawaf S.) Wandsworth Primary Care Trust, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Email: p9800003@sgul.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education in Practice (2008) 8:5 (306-314). Date of Publication: September 2008 ISSN 1471-5953 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT This paper reports a study identifying the learning styles preference of undergraduate nursing students and examining its influence on educational outcomes. There are limited recent studies in the UK on the learning styles preference of undergraduate and its influence on educational outcomes. A purposive sample of 110 undergraduate nursing students completed a demographic questionnaire and the Honey and Mumford's learning styles inventory. A pre-post-test design was used to evaluate the educational outcomes. Reflector learning styles preference was the dominant learning styles among the majority of undergraduate nursing students. An interesting phenomenon about the distribution of the learning styles preference is the additional "dual" learning style category. The hypothesis that learning styles preference will determine knowledge acquisition, changes in attitude and intervention confidence skills was rejected. However, as this is a multi-layered hypothesis the findings showed that only the dual learning styles preference group was found to have a significant influence in intervention confidence skills. Further research is warranted to replicate this study using the same methodology but with several different population samples specialising in different branch of nursing. As there are limited literature on the dual learning styles preferences, this dual preference phenomenon needs further investigation to establish its acceptability in nursing education. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction consumer learning nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male middle aged questionnaire treatment outcome United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18373952 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18373952) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2008.02.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 537 TITLE Researching marginalized populations: Ethical concerns about ethnography AUTHOR NAMES O'Byrne P. Holmes D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Byrne P., pjobyrne@uottawa.ca) School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. (O'Byrne P., pjobyrne@uottawa.ca) School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada. (Holmes D.) School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. O'Byrne, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Email: pjobyrne@uottawa.ca SOURCE Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2008) 40:3 (144-159). Date of Publication: September 2008 ISSN 0844-5621 BOOK PUBLISHER McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University St Montreal, PQ, H3 A 2A7, Canada. ABSTRACT Recent increases in the rates of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in males having sex with males and simultaneous increases in the use of crystal meth within gay circuit parties (GCP) highlight the growing need for research on leisure practices involving sex and drugs. While there is epidemiological evidence correlating these practices, STI rates have not decreased. The author provides an ethical framework for qualitative research that "colours outside the lines" of traditional epidemiological methods for research on sexual health. To date, the majority of GCP research has used survey methods; however, no literature addresses the ethical concerns of naturalistic observation that is aimed at understanding the sexualized environment of GCPs. This review found that while ethical risks are inherent, the benefits to society and to the group under study significantly outweigh the risks. © McGill University School of Nursing. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS central stimulant agent methamphetamine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural anthropology homosexuality nursing methodology research qualitative research vulnerable population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Canada (epidemiology) confidentiality drug abuse (complication) ethics ethnology human human experiment informed consent male methodology organization and management patient advocacy review sexually transmitted disease (complication) social justice CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French MEDLINE PMID 18947098 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18947098) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 538 TITLE Predictors of educational outcomes of undergraduate nursing students in alcohol and drug education AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Rawaf S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H., p9800003@sgul.ac.uk) Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Rassool G.H., p9800003@sgul.ac.uk) Federal Universidade de Minas Gerais, Brazil. (Rawaf S.) Wandsworth Primary Care Trust, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Email: p9800003@sgul.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2008) 28:6 (691-701). Date of Publication: August 2008 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT This paper reports a study which aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational programme on alcohol and drug on knowledge acquisition, changes in attitude and intervention confidence skills of undergraduate nursing students and identify the influence of selected demographic variables on educational outcomes. Despite the high levels of morbidity and mortality resulting from substance misuse, few nurses have been adequately prepared to respond effectively. There remains a dearth of evidence on the educational interventions in alcohol and drug with undergraduate nursing students and this study intends to add a body of knowledge to this field. A quasi-experimental, pre-post-test design was used using with a purposive sample of four cohorts of undergraduate nursing students (n = 110) in England. Pre-tests and post-tests after the educational intervention on alcohol and drug were administered to measure the educational outcomes. The data was collected between March 2002 and September 2003. The results showed the educational intervention on alcohol and drug had a significant impact on educational outcomes. There were significant differences between the pre-test and post-test knowledge mean score (t = -.4.61, d.f. = 109, p = 0.000), attitude (t = -2.36, d.f. = 109, p = 0.02) and intervention confidence skills (t = -9.75, d.f. = 109, p = 0.000). Within the multi-layered hypothesis, the results indicate that only ethnicity was found to have a significant influence on both knowledge acquisition (F((2,106)) = 6.59, p = 0.002) and intervention confidence skills (F((2, 106)) = 15.0, p = 0.000). The study provides some evidence that a short intensive educational programme on alcohol and drug can be effective in improving educational outcomes. Further research should be undertaken with undergraduate nurses specialising in different branch of nursing. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) attitude to health clinical competence health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult analysis of variance article curriculum education evaluation study female health care quality human male mass screening middle aged nurse attitude nursing nursing assessment organization and management psychiatric nursing psychological aspect questionnaire self concept social psychology standard substance abuse United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18166248 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18166248) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2007.11.005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 539 TITLE Perceptions of drugs benefits and barriers to quit by undergraduate health students ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Percepción de los beneficios del consumo de drogas y barreras para su abandono entre estudiantes del área de salud AUTHOR NAMES Henriquéz P.C. De Carvalho A.M.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Henriquéz P.C.) University of Concepción, Chile. (De Carvalho A.M.P., anacar@eerp.usp.br) University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. C. Henriquéz, University of Concepción, Chile. SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (621-626). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT Several studies have exposed the consumption of drugs by undergraduate students in the health area, who are supposed to be examples of behavior and health educators. This descriptive correlation study aimed to relate the benefits of tobacco consumption and barriers to quit according to the perception of undergraduate students. Eighty third-year students, In three different courses, answered a self-applied questionnaire. The studied variables were: consumption conditions, barriers and benefits regarding drug consumption, family and personal characteristics. One-third of the students reported tobacco use; 5% reported the use of marijuana; 15% alcohol and 6% tranquilizers, more than once a month; 18% reported the consumption of tobacco and 13% reported the use of alcohol even before the age of 15. The perceived benefits were: relaxation, pleasure and social acceptance, whereas barriers for quitting were: habituation and addiction. According to the results, promoting self-responsibility of these future health professionals is recommended in their educational context. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude medical education medical student nursing student tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male questionnaire statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709285 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709285) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 540 TITLE Nurses' attitudes, beliefs and confidence levels regarding care for those who abuse alcohol: Impact of educational intervention AUTHOR NAMES Vadlamudi R.S. Adams S. Hogan B. Wu T. Wahid Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vadlamudi R.S., rvadlamu@wfubmc.edu) Section of General Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States. (Adams S., susie.adams@vanderbilt.edu) Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 384 Frist Hall, 461 21st Ave. South Nashville, TN 37240-0008, United States. (Hogan B., mhogan@uncfsu.edu) Department of Management, Fayetteville State University, 1200 Murchison Road, Fayetteville, NC 28301, United States. (Wu T., wut@etsu.edu) Department of Public Health, College of Public and Allied Health, East Tennessee State University, 149 Lamb Hall, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States. (Wahid Z.) Department of Psychiatry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.S. Vadlamudi, Section of General Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States. Email: rvadlamu@wfubmc.edu SOURCE Nurse Education in Practice (2008) 8:4 (290-298). Date of Publication: July 2008 ISSN 1471-5953 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone, 1-3 Baxter's Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Alcohol abuse is a worldwide public health concern. Nurses, representing the largest body of health care providers, are a potential resource to provide screening and brief intervention for patients with alcohol problems. This study evaluates the effect of an educational intervention on the attitudes, beliefs, and confidence levels of nurses regarding screening and brief intervention for alcohol problems. One hundred eighty-one students at Vanderbilt University School of Nursing participated in a four-hour educational intervention to train providers in brief negotiated intervention (BNI) for screening, early detection and brief treatment of alcohol problems. Participants completed questionnaires before and after this training. Analysis of the data using paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance showed statistically significant positive change in the nurses' attitudes, beliefs, and confidence levels regarding alcohol abuse and its treatment after the educational intervention. For example, the percentage of nurses who reported always having confidence in assessing patients' readiness to change their behavior increased from 8.3% to 23.5% after training. In conclusion, the BNI educational intervention can be effective in promoting positive changes among nurses in attitudes, beliefs, and confidence levels regarding alcohol abuse and its treatment. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health personnel attitude nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male methodology middle aged nursing nursing evaluation research primary health care questionnaire self concept LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18042433 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18042433) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2007.10.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 541 TITLE Conceptions of nursing students on health promotion related to psychoactive substances ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Concepción de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre promoción de la salud ante el uso de sustancias psicoactivas AUTHOR NAMES Rojo M.D. Bueno S.M.V. Da Silva E.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rojo M.D., jazni@arnet.com.ar) Córdoba National University, Medical Sciences School, School of Nursing, Argentina. (Bueno S.M.V., smvbueno@eerp.usp.br; Da Silva E.C., nane@eerp.usp.br) University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. D. Rojo, Córdoba National University, Medical Sciences School, School of Nursing, Argentina. Email: jazni@arnet.com.ar SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (627-633). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This qualitative study aimed to investigate the perception of undergraduate nursing students on health promotion in view of the use of psychoactive substances. Nine undergraduate students, attending the last disciplines of the first semester, participated in the study and were divided in two focal groups. The theoretical-methodological referential was based on Paulo Freire's theory of conscientization. Data were processed through content analysis, demonstrating that students find difficulties in planning intervention strategies in health promotion in view of the drug phenomenon, because the knowledge provided by the university has a biologist tendency, typical of the medical model, recognizing a gap between theory and practice. Nevertheless, they manage to reconstruct their knowledge and become aware of their role as future health promoters in the face of drug use and abuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health personnel attitude health promotion nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709286 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709286) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 542 TITLE Nursing students' perception regarding predicting factors of drugs use ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Percepción de las estudiantes de enfermería sobre los predictores del uso de drogas AUTHOR NAMES De Abarca A.M. Pillon S.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (De Abarca A.M.) National Autonomous University of Honduras, . (Pillon S.C., pillon@eerp.usp.br) University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. M. De Abarca, National Autonomous University of Honduras, . SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (607-613). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT The study on the perception of 264 (33.2%) nursing students from the Professionailzation and Regular groups regarding predicting factors of drugs consumption shows these students consume alcohol and tobacco and view alcohol as a leading factor in the consumption of drugs. The Professionailzation group consumes tranquilizers and stimulants at a higher rate than the Regular group. The Professionailzation students argue that they have to deal with an excessive personal load: career, job, family and stress. According to them, these factors motivate the consumption of tranquilizers and stimulants. The Professionailzation group views the family and religion as protective factors; friends and school, on the other hand, are considered risk factors. Both groups consider drug users as amoral and addicts. The present study provides indicators that can support real actions aimed at improving the education of nursing personnel. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article female Honduras human male risk factor statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709283 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709283) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 543 TITLE Undergraduate students' motivations for the consumption of legal drugs ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Motivaciones del estudiante universitario para el consumo de drogas legales AUTHOR NAMES Rodriguez V.M.H. Scherer Z.A.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rodriguez V.M.H., covetojo@yahoo.com) University Autonoma of Querétaro, School of Nursing, Mexico. (Scherer Z.A.P., scherer@eerp.usp.br) University of São Paulo at Ribeirao Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. M. H. Rodríguez, University Autonoma of Querétaro, School of Nursing, Mexico. Email: covetojo@yahoo.com SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (572-576). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This qualitative research aimed at identifying conceptions held by undergraduate students regarding the term motivation, and motives leading them to the consumption of legal drugs. Data were collected through a questionnaire with four open questions, applied to 15 students of a public university in the central region of Mexico. In order to perform the data analysis, answers were classified in two categories: a) Undergraduate students' conceptions regarding the term motivation and b) Undergraduate students' conceptions regarding the motives for consumption. Such analysis indicated that students identify two types of motivations: external and internal. The external motivation includes family, mass media and friends; whereas internal motivation includes personal characteristics, need of belonging, curiosity, pleasure and idleness. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) medical education motivation nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug therapy human psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709277 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709277) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 544 TITLE Consumption of benzodiazepines without prescription among first-year nursing students at the University of Guayaquil, School of Nursing, Ecuador ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Consumo de benzodiacepinas sin prescripción médica en los/as estudiantes de primerano de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil, Ecuador AUTHOR NAMES Paredes N.P. Miasso A.I. Tirapelli C.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Paredes N.P.) University of Guayaquil, School of Nursing, Ecuador. (Miasso A.I., amiasso@eerp.usp.br; Tirapelli C.R., crtirapelli@eerp.usp.br) University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. P. Paredes, University of Guayaquil, School of Nursing, Ecuador. SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (634-639). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the consumption of benzodiazepines without prescription among first-year students from a nursing school of a public University in Ecuador. This is a descriptive, transversal and explanatory study with a quantitative approach. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The population studied was of 181 students. The results showed that 10.5% of the students had consumed benzodiazepine without prescription once In their lives. Of these, 6.1% consumed benzodiazepine in the last year, and 3.9% are currently consuming it. The diazepam was the most consumed BZD without prescription and pharmacies, were the place of higher access. The main reasons for the benzodiazepine consumption were: Insomnia, anxiety, stress, depression, family and economical problems. The use of benzodiazepines with non-medlclnal purposes is related to problems such as memory loss, retirement syndrome and sedation. When benzodiazepines are consumed jointly with alcohol or other drugs they can lead to coma or death. This study shows the serious consequences benzodiazepines cause when used by nursing students In Ecuador. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine derivative EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nursing student prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Ecuador (epidemiology) female human male residential care statistics university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709287 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709287) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 545 TITLE Developing competencies for drug demand reduction ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Desarrollando competencias para la reducción de la demanda de drogas AUTHOR NAMES Mendes I.A.C. Marziale M.H.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mendes I.A.C., iamendes@eerp.usp.br; Marziale M.H.P., marziale@eerp.usp.br) SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (503-508). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion nursing professional competence social support EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS editorial human South and Central America LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English MEDLINE PMID 18709267 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709267) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 546 TITLE Evaluation of different methods of providing medication-related education to patients following myocardial infarction AUTHOR NAMES Polack J. Jorgenson D. Robertson P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Polack J., Jolene.Polack@saskatoonhealthregion.ca; Jorgenson D.; Robertson P.) Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Polack, Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Email: Jolene.Polack@saskatoonhealthregion.ca SOURCE Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2008) 141:4 (241-247). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 1715-1635 BOOK PUBLISHER Canadian Pharmacists Association, 1785 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa, Canada. ABSTRACT Background: Patient education is one method used to improve the utilization of post-myocardial infarction (MI) medications, but there is limited evidence on how best to provide this education. Objective: To determine if an education session provided by a pharmacist in the community to post-MI patients soon after hospital discharge is more effective than a pre-discharge education session provided by a pharmacist or a nurse. Methods: This was a randomized, controlled trial. Patients hospitalized with an MI were randomized to receive usual care (nurse-led pre-discharge education), hospital pharmacist pre-discharge medication education, or medication education from a pharmacist 1 to 2 weeks after discharge. A survey was conducted to assess the primary endpoints of medication adherence and knowledge retention. As a secondary endpoint, drug-related problems were identified in the post-discharge pharmacist education group. Results: A total of 14 patients were included in the final analyses. Although there was no difference in medication adherence between groups as measured using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire or the Morisky Self-Reported Medication-Taking Scale, the post-discharge pharmacist education group scored significantly better on 2 out of 3 measures of knowledge retention (p < 0.001). A mean of 2.75 drug-related problems per patient were identified by the pharmacist during the education session provided in the post-discharge group. Conclusion: Despite a limited sample size, our results suggest that providing pharmacist-led post-MI medication education in a community setting after hospital discharge may improve medication knowledge and adherence while providing an opportunity to identify a number of drug-related problems. Additional research is necessary to confirm these results in a larger sample before practice change is warranted. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antithrombocytic agent (drug therapy) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug therapy) hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug information heart infarction (drug therapy, therapy) patient education pharmaceutical care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged clinical article clinical trial community care controlled clinical trial controlled study drug safety female health education human intermethod comparison male nursing care patient attitude patient care pharmacist attitude randomized controlled trial recall review treatment response EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008517350 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701X(2008)141[241:EODMOP]2.0.CO;2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 547 TITLE Nursing students' premature pregnancy and consumption of alcohol ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Embarazo precoz de estudiantes de enfermería y laingesta de bebidas alcohólicas AUTHOR NAMES Alvarez M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Alvarez M.L.) National University of Colombia, Bogota. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. L. Alvarez, National University of Colombia, Bogota. SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (577-583). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This qualitative descriptive research aimed to analyze pregnancy dynamics, experienced by a group of women who, at the time, were at most 19 years old, and identify the role attributed to the consumption of alcohol in such dynamics. The research was developed with a group of 20 students from the Colombia National University. Six of them were selected for in dept investigation through interviews, which were analyzed by content analysis. Based on the literature and the subjects' life history, the study examines the following categories: pregnancy, making love, maternity, being a woman, and drinking. Through these categories, was possible to identify the dynamics experienced by these women during pregnancy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Colombia (epidemiology) female human pregnancy statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709278) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 548 TITLE Alcohol consumption by nursing students in Honduras ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE Uso de bebidas alcohólicas entre estudiantes de enfermería en Honduras AUTHOR NAMES Matute R.C. Pillon S.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Matute R.C.) National Autonomous University of Honduras, . (Pillon S.C., pillon@eerp.usp.br) University de São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto, College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. C. Matute, National Autonomous University of Honduras, . SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (584-589). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT The recreational use of alcohol is very frequent in the life of college students. A descriptive study was carried out with nursing students in Honduras, where the use of psychoactive substances represents a considerable health problem, especially the use of alcohol. This study Identified that 74.9% were abstinent. Nevertheless, the study focused on drinkers, whose consumption pattern may be changing over time. According to the sample characteristics, most subjects were young working women, students, and Christians. These variables should be considered in the investigation of protective factors against drinking, and in designing preventive actions in the university context. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female Honduras (epidemiology) human male prevalence statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709279 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709279) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 549 TITLE Nursing students' work, a risk factor for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE El trabajo del estudiante de enfermería como un factor de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas AUTHOR NAMES De Oliveira E.B. Furegato A.R.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (De Oliveira E.B., eliasbo@tutopia.com.br) Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil. (Furegato A.R.F., furegato@eerp.com.br) University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto, School of Nursing, WHO Collaborator Center for Nursing Research Development, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. B. De Oliveira, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil. Email: eliasbo@tutopia.com.br SOURCE Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem (2008) 16:SPEC. ISS. (565-571). Date of Publication: July/August 2008 ISSN 0104-1169 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Medica Brasileira, Rua Sao Carlos do Pinhal 324, Bela Vista-Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT This descriptive, qualitative study alms to describe risk factors, in the work environment, for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, and also to confirm the importance of protective factors. Interview technique was used with 51 nursing students at the Rio de Janeiro State University, who work in the city's health services. Results: students related work as a risk factor for the consumption of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes and anxiolytics. We conclude that working with participative methodologies, valuing student's former experiences, family and group life, and individual characteristics are essential in the preventive approach. Attention to protective factors is recommended. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anxiolytic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) nursing student workplace EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) article human prevalence risk factor statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE Spanish, Portuguese, English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, Portuguese MEDLINE PMID 18709276 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18709276) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 550 TITLE Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in Nursing Homes: Development of Practice Recommendations in a Swiss Canton AUTHOR NAMES Locca J.-F. Büla C.J. Zumbach S. Bugnon O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Locca J.-F.; Büla C.J.; Zumbach S.; Bugnon O., Oliver.bugnon@hospvd.ch) Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.-F. Locca, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland. SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2008) 9:6 (439-448). Date of Publication: July 2008 ISSN 1525-8610 1538-9375 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: In 2002, the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, implemented a coordinated pharmaceutical care service in nursing homes to promote rational drug use. In the context of this service, a project was conducted to develop recommendations for the pharmacological management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing home residents. Design and Methods: Selected evidence-based guidelines and meta-analysis sources related to the management of depression, insomnia, and agitation in dementia patients were systematically searched and evaluated. Evidence and controversies regarding the pharmacological treatment of the most common BPSD symptoms were reviewed, and treatment algorithms were developed. Results: Ten evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses for BPSD management were identified, with none specifically addressing issues related to nursing home residents. Based on this literature, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. For depression, SSRIs are considered the first choice if an antidepressant is required. No clear evidence has been found for sleep disturbances; the underlying conditions need to be investigated closely before the introduction of any drug therapy. Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of agitation, and if necessary, antipsychotics could be used, although they have significant side effects. Several areas of uncertainty were identified, such as the current controversy about typical and atypical antipsychotic use or the appropriateness of cholinesterase inhibitors for controlling agitation. Treatment algorithms were presented to general practitioners, pharmacists, and medical directors of nursing homes in the canton of Fribourg, and will now be implemented progressively, using educational sessions, pharmaceutical counseling, and monitoring. Conclusion: Based on existing evidence-based studies, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. It should be further studied whether these algorithms implemented through pharmaceutical care services will improve psychotropic drug prescriptions and prevent drug-related problems in nursing home residents. © 2008 American Medical Directors Association. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aripiprazole (drug therapy) atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy) citalopram (drug therapy) clomethiazole (drug comparison, drug therapy) clomipramine (drug therapy) diazepam (drug therapy) etoperidone (drug therapy) fluoxetine (drug therapy) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) loxapine (drug therapy) maprotiline (drug therapy) melatonin (drug therapy) memantine (drug therapy) moclobemide (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) psychotropic agent (drug therapy) quetiapine (drug therapy) risperidone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy) sertraline (drug therapy) thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) tiotixene (drug therapy) trazodone (drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) unindexed drug valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy) venlafaxine (drug therapy) zuclopenthixol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior disorder (drug therapy) dementia (drug therapy, therapy) mental disease (drug therapy) practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel agitation algorithm article cerebrovascular disease (side effect) counseling depression (drug therapy) disease control drug choice drug efficacy drug megadose drug monitoring drug safety drug withdrawal evidence based medicine extrapyramidal symptom (side effect) general practitioner human insomnia (drug therapy) medical education nursing home pharmaceutical care pharmacist physical activity prescription QT prolongation (side effect) sedation side effect (side effect) Switzerland symptom unspecified side effect (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aripiprazole (129722-12-9) citalopram (59729-33-8) clomethiazole (1867-58-9, 533-45-9) clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1) diazepam (439-14-5) etoperidone (52942-31-1, 57775-22-1) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) haloperidol (52-86-8) loxapine (1977-10-2) maprotiline (10262-69-8, 10347-81-6) melatonin (73-31-4) memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1) moclobemide (71320-77-9) olanzapine (132539-06-1) quetiapine (111974-72-2) risperidone (106266-06-2) sertraline (79617-96-2) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) tiotixene (5591-45-7) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) zuclopenthixol (53772-83-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008298064 MEDLINE PMID 18585647 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585647) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2008.04.003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 551 TITLE Are nurses prepared to curb the tobacco epidemic in China? A questionnaire survey of schools of nursing AUTHOR NAMES Chan S.S.-C. Sarna L. Danao L.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chan S.S.-C., nssophia@hkucc.hku.hk) Department of Nursing Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. (Sarna L.) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. (Danao L.L.) Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S.-C. Chan, Department of Nursing Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong. Email: nssophia@hkucc.hku.hk SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2008) 45:5 (706-713). Date of Publication: May 2008 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Smoking prevalence among Chinese males is the highest in the world and its morbidity and mortality is growing. Previous studies suggested nurses are inadequately prepared to treat tobacco use and dependence. Objectives: To examine the inclusion and organization of tobacco control content in the undergraduate nursing curriculum of Hong Kong and Mainland China; and the smoking status of faculty and students. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: Deans of 32 nursing schools in Hong Kong and China with an undergraduate programme (representing over 12000 students) completed a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Most schools included the health hazards of tobacco (56.3-100%), but few covered tobacco cessation theory (31.3-62.5%), or behavioural (9.4-56.3%) and pharmacological (3.1-34.4%) interventions in the curriculum. Most curricula covered less than 1 h of tobacco content per year of study. Nearly all schools (93.1%) reported smoking among faculty but only half reported access to smoking cessation programmes. Conclusions: This is the first known study to examine the extent of tobacco control education in the nursing curriculum in China. Results suggested deficiencies in the coverage and clinical practice in smoking and smoking cessation, and recommendations were made to strengthen the curriculum. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nursing education nursing student smoking (adverse drug reaction, epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health China clinical competence cross-sectional study health survey Hong Kong human methodology needs assessment nurse attitude organization and management policy prevalence psychological aspect questionnaire smoking cessation statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17336307 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17336307) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.12.008 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 552 TITLE A randomized trial of 2% chlorhexidine tincture compared with 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection: Effects on blood culture contamination rates AUTHOR NAMES Suwanpimolkul G. Pongkumpai M. Suankratay C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Suwanpimolkul G.; Pongkumpai M.; Suankratay C., chusana.s@chula.ac.th) Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, PhraramIV Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Suankratay, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, PhraramIV Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. Email: chusana.s@chula.ac.th SOURCE Journal of Infection (2008) 56:5 (354-359). Date of Publication: May 2008 ISSN 0163-4453 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders Ltd, 32 Jamestown Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Contaminated blood cultures have been recognized as a bothersome issue, and continue to cause frustration for clinicians. Skin antiseptics can prevent blood culture contamination. To our knowledge, there have been no randomized studies to compare 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of venipuncture site disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine in preventing blood culture contamination. Patients and methods: A prospectively randomized investigator-blinded trial was conducted in all patients in the medical wards and emergency room (ER) at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, from August to October, 2006. Venipuncture sites were disinfected with 2% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol or 10% aqueous povidone-iodine, and blood cultures were taken by students, residents, or nurses. Results: Of 2146 blood cultures, 108 (5.03%) were contaminated with skin flora. The blood culture contamination rate with 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine was 3.2% (34 of 1068), compared with a rate of 6.9% (74 of 1078) (P < 0.001) with 10% aqueous povidone-iodine. In medical wards, the contamination rates were 2.6% and 3.9% with 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine (P = 0.2). In ER, the contamination rates were 4.3% and 12.5% with 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine and 10% aqueous povidone-iodine (P < 0.001). The most common contaminant was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (80.6%), followed by Corynebacterium (7.4%), Micrococcus (6.5%), and Bacillus (5.5%). Conclusion: Two percent alcoholic chlorhexidine is superior to 10% aqueous povidone-iodine for venipuncture site disinfection before obtaining blood cultures. © 2008 The British Infection Society. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chlorhexidine (clinical trial, drug comparison) povidone iodine (clinical trial, drug comparison) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol antiinfective agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bacterium contamination blood culture skin decontamination EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aqueous solution article Bacillus blood sampling clinical trial coagulase negative Staphylococcus controlled clinical trial controlled study Corynebacterium drug efficacy emergency ward female human male medical student Micrococcus nurse prospective study randomized controlled trial resident skin flora Thailand tincture vein puncture DRUG MANUFACTURERS (Spain)Medichem (Netherlands)Mundipharma CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) chlorhexidine (3697-42-5, 55-56-1) povidone iodine (25655-41-8) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008210597 MEDLINE PMID 18407355 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18407355) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2008.03.001 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 553 TITLE Educational intervention of undergraduate nursing students' confidence skills with alcohol and drug misusers. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Rawaf S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.; Rawaf S.) Addiction and Mental Health, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas da Universidade de Sao Paulo-EERP, USP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, Addiction and Mental Health, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas da Universidade de Sao Paulo-EERP, USP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Email: grassool@sgul.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse education today (2008) 28:3 (284-292). Date of Publication: Apr 2008 ISSN 0260-6917 ABSTRACT There is a paucity literature on the educational interventions and evaluation programmes in alcohol and drug with undergraduate nursing students in the United Kingdom and this study intends to add a body of knowledge to this area. The aim of the study was to assess the intervention confidence skills of undergraduate nursing students before and after an educational intervention on alcohol and drug misuse. The research study is a quasi-experimental, pre- and post-test design. The sample was made of four cohorts of undergraduate nursing students (n=110) enrolled at a course leading to a diploma or BSc in nursing from three educational institutions. A visual analogue scale was used to measure intervention confidence skills before and after the educational programme in alcohol and drug. The findings showed an improvement in the level of intervention confidence skills of undergraduate nursing students. Further research is needed to examine effectiveness of educational interventions in working with substance misusers and whether substance misuse education is the key predictor of changing in changing intervention confidence skills. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) clinical competence nursing education nursing student self concept EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcoholism (prevention) article clinical trial female health care quality human male multicenter study nursing psychological aspect United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17643558 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17643558) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2007.06.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 554 TITLE Psychoeducation. Patient education gets respect. AUTHOR NAMES London F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (London F.) Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F. London, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA. Email: franlondon@phoenixchildrens.com SOURCE Home healthcare nurse (2008) 26:4 (209-211; quiz 212-213). Date of Publication: Apr 2008 ISSN 0884-741X ABSTRACT Even those who are not psychiatric nurses find themselves caring for patients with psychiatric disorders. Adults with a mental health and/or substance abuse diagnosis accounted for 1 of 4 hospital stays in 2004. Whether the patient's problem is physical, mental, or both, most care is self-care. Psychoeducation improves health outcomes by optimizing self-care skills, engaging family and community supports, and promoting early recognition of problems and appropriate interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) health promotion mental disease (epidemiology, prevention) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human length of stay methodology needs assessment nurse attitude nursing assessment organization and management psychological aspect self care social support statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18408511 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18408511) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NHH.0000316696.84514.c5 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 555 TITLE Jordanian nurses' and physicians' learning needs for promoting smoking cessation. AUTHOR NAMES Shishani K. Nawafleh H. Sivarajan Froelicher E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shishani K.; Nawafleh H.; Sivarajan Froelicher E.) Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, PO Box 150459, Zarqa, 13115 Jordan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Shishani, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, PO Box 150459, Zarqa, 13115 Jordan. Email: kawkab.shishani@gmail.com SOURCE Progress in cardiovascular nursing (2008) 23:2 (79-83). Date of Publication: 2008 Spring ISSN 0889-7204 ABSTRACT Smoking causes many health problems, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, and has devastating effects on the cardiovascular system. This study was performed to assess: (1) the prevalence of smoking among Jordanian nurses and physicians, (2) the differences in prevalence of smoking by sex, and 3) nurses' and physicians' learning needs for promoting smoking cessation. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Five Jordanian hospitals were randomly selected; 164 nurses (65.3%) and 87 physicians (34.7%) participated in the study. Prevalence of smoking among nurses and physicians was 41.5% (n = 66) and 43.6% (n = 38), respectively, and significantly more men than women smoked (odds ratio, 5.45; confidence interval, 2.52-11.74 [P = .00]). Many Jordanian nurses and physicians do not recognize the addictive aspect of smoking, and health professionals receive no formal training in smoking cessation approaches to use with patients. Most nurses and physicians recognize that University curricula must include information about smoking cessation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude health promotion medical staff needs assessment nursing staff smoking (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article attitude to health chi square distribution clinical competence cross-sectional study education female human Jordan (epidemiology) male middle aged multivariate analysis nursing methodology research organization and management prevalence psychological aspect questionnaire self concept sex ratio smoking cessation statistical model statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18843829 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843829) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7117.2008.07745.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 556 TITLE Training in dual diagnosis interventions (the COMO Study): Randomised controlled trial AUTHOR NAMES Hughes E. Wanigaratne S. Gournay K. Johnson S. Thornicroft G. Finch E. Marshall J. Smith N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hughes E., lhughes@lincoln.ac.uk; Gournay K., kevingournay@aol.com; Thornicroft G., graham.thornicroft@iop.kcl.ac.uk; Smith N., n.smith@iop.kcl.ac.uk) Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. (Hughes E., lhughes@lincoln.ac.uk) Centre for Clinical and Academic Workforce Innovation, University of Lincoln, Pleasley Vale Business Park, Mansfield, Nottinghamshire NG19 8RL, United Kingdom. (Johnson S., s.johnson@ucl.ac.uk) Department of Mental Health, University College London, 48 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EY, United Kingdom. (Wanigaratne S., shamil.wanigaratne@slam.nhs.uk; Finch E., emily.finch@slam.nhs.uk; Marshall J., jane.marshall@slam.nhs.uk) Addiction Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Hughes, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom. Email: lhughes@lincoln.ac.uk SOURCE BMC Psychiatry (2008) 8 Article Number: 12. Date of Publication: 27 Feb 2008 ISSN 1471-244X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER BioMed Central Ltd., 34 - 42 Cleveland Street, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Despite the high prevalence of co-morbid substance use among mental health service users (dual diagnosis), very few mental health workers in the UK have had training and/or clinical experience to equip them to deliver targeted interventions to this client group. Method: In a randomised controlled trial of training for dual diagnosis interventions, 79 case managers from 12 community mental health teams in South London were randomly allocated to either receive training and follow-up supervision (experimental group) or no training and supervision (control group). Baseline measures of attitude, self-efficacy and knowledge were collected prior to randomisation, and were repeated at 18 months post-training. An intention to treat analysis of follow-up data (adjusted for baseline score for that outcome and team) was performed. Results: At 18 months post-training, the AAPPQ (The Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire) total score was did not differ significantly between the two groups (adjusted difference 7.43 [95% CI -0.86 to 15.71], p = 0.08). There were significant differences in favour of the experimental group on 2 of the 6 subscales of the AAPPQ: 'adequacy of knowledge and skills in working with alcohol" (adjusted difference 3.598 [95% CI 1.03 to 6.16], p = 0.007) and "self-esteem in working with alcohol" (adjusted difference 3.00 [95% CI 0.46 to 5.54], p = 0.021). In addition there were significant improvements for the experimental group on "Knowledge About Dual Diagnosis" (adjusted difference 2.00 [95% CI 0.80 to 3.22], p = 0.002) and "Self-Efficacy Scale" (adjusted difference 13.55 [95% CI 8.00 to 26.86], p = 0.001). The effect of membership of teams was added to the analysis of covariance and this changed the results for only one variable: "self-esteem working with drinkers" was no longer significant. Conclusion: A brief training course in dual diagnosis interventions had a significant effect on secondary measures of knowledge and self-efficacy that was detectable at 18 months post-training. Improvements in attitudes towards working with drinkers and drug users in mental health settings failed to reach statistical significance. Future research should explore the effects of dose of dual diagnosis training, and the successful integration of skills gained into routine care. © 2008 Hughes et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical education psychiatric diagnosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article burnout case manager clinical trial community mental health comorbidity controlled clinical trial controlled study female follow up health personnel attitude human job satisfaction knowledge major clinical study male mental health care personnel questionnaire randomized controlled trial scoring system self esteem United Kingdom EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008166273 MEDLINE PMID 18304310 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18304310) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-8-12 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 557 TITLE Program strategies for adolescent smoking cessation. AUTHOR NAMES Fritz D.J. Wider L.C. Hardin S.B. Horrocks M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fritz D.J.; Wider L.C.; Hardin S.B.; Horrocks M.) Maryville University, St. Louis, MO, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.J. Fritz, Maryville University, St. Louis, MO, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2008) 24:1 (21-27). Date of Publication: Feb 2008 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT School nurses who work with adolescents are in an ideal position to promote smoking cessation. This opportunity is important because research suggests teens who smoke are likely to become habitual smokers. This study characterizes adolescents' patterns and levels of smoking, describes adolescents' perceptions toward smoking, and delineates quit strategies that may prove helpful for adolescents who attempt smoking cessation. Results suggest adolescent smokers have highly variable patterns and levels of smoking. They fail to consider their future health and continue to be unaware of the harmful effects of smoking and the addictive nature of tobacco. Among adolescent smokers, there are few gender differences in perception of smoking. Therefore, gender specific cessation programs may not be necessary. The most effective quit strategy was the acquisition of information on contents of cigarettes and the health effects of smoking. Armed with these strategies, school nurses can provide leadership in the design and implementation of school based smoking cessation programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health child psychology patient education smoking (epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adolescent article child behavior counseling female human male methodology motivation needs assessment nurse attitude nursing methodology research organization and management practice guideline psychological aspect qualitative research risk factor school health nursing United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18220452 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18220452) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1622/1059-8405(2008)024[0021:PSFASC]2.0.CO;2 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 558 TITLE Drug-facilitated sexual assault: educating women about the risks. AUTHOR NAMES Elliott S.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Elliott S.M.) Private Practice of Daniel Aronson, Mayfield Heights, OH, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.M. Elliott, Private Practice of Daniel Aronson, Mayfield Heights, OH, USA. Email: selliottrn@sbcglobal.net SOURCE Nursing for women's health (2008) 12:1 (30-37). Date of Publication: Feb 2008 ISSN 1751-486X (electronic) ABSTRACT "Andrea," an 18-year-old college freshman, walked into her first fraternity party with a few of her sorority sisters. As she walked through the crowded house, one of the fraternity boys handed the girls large plastic cups. Another boy circulated through the crowd, filling up the cups of all guests from two pitchers of beer. When he filled Andrea's cup, he smiled and was polite and charming. She thought his act of filling her cup was kind and gentlemanly, and was flattered by his attention. She didn't notice he used a different pitcher for her than he had for her friends. She and her friends continued to mill through the crowd, sipping their beer. About 20 minutes later, Andrea suddenly had trouble focusing her vision. She felt disoriented and "drunk" even though she had only consumed a third of her beer. She started feeling nauseated, and tried to find her friends. The polite boy who had poured her beer asked her if she was all right, and offered to take her up to his room so she could rest. She followed him, grateful to be able to lie down. Forty-five minutes later, her concerned friends searched the house for Andrea. They found her upstairs passed out in a bedroom, lying on her side; she had vomited and her clothes were disheveled. Suspecting only alcohol intoxication; they picked her up, and walked her out of the party. After Andrea slept for about two hours, she woke up and told her friends something wasn't right. She had only drunk a small amount of her beer, and had no recollection after she walked up the stairs with the boy. She burst into tears, stating she feels some vaginal discomfort, and is afraid she may have been raped. Her friends looked at each other, thinking, "How did this happen and what are we supposed to do?" EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) central stimulant agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) attitude to health nurse attitude patient education rape (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article courtship female human human relation methodology nursing risk factor social behavior United States women's health LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18257884 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18257884) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-486X.2007.00273.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 559 TITLE A public health nursing initiative to promote antenatal health. AUTHOR NAMES Strass P. Billay E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Strass P.; Billay E.) Westview Health Centre, Stony Plain, Alberta. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Strass, Westview Health Centre, Stony Plain, Alberta. SOURCE The Canadian nurse (2008) 104:2 (29-33). Date of Publication: Feb 2008 ISSN 0008-4581 ABSTRACT At least one in 10 pregnant women experiences depression. Other health risks during pregnancy include family violence, substance abuse, inadequate nutrition, financial challenges, environmental hazards and lack of social support. Public health nurses are in a unique position to enhance perinatal health by assessing for antenatal psychosocial risk factors. During 2005-06 in a suburban/rural community near Edmonton, Alberta, public health nurses initiated a one-year demonstration project with the goal of increasing the number of health and community services accessed by pregnant women as a result of an interactive appointment with a public health nurse. Eight family physicians in WestView Primary Care Network and three midwives from WestView's Shared Care Maternity Program referred local pregnant clients to the public health nursing unit at WestView Health Centre in Stony Plain. Each woman was assessed by a public health nurse for a variety of psychosocial risk factors. Results of the assessment determined the type of additional health services to which the pregnant women were referred. Care providers were unanimous in their support for public health nurses' continuing to provide antenatal assessments to an expanded population of suburban/rural communities in the Capital Health region. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing depression (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) health promotion mass screening pregnancy complication (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) prenatal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health Canada (epidemiology) evaluation study female follow up health care quality human model nurse attitude nursing assessment nursing evaluation research nursing methodology research organization and management patient referral pregnancy prevalence psychological aspect risk assessment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18320897 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18320897) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 560 TITLE Attitudes of Irish dental, dental hygiene and dental nursing students and newly qualified practitioners to tobacco use cessation: a national survey. AUTHOR NAMES McCartan B. McCreary C. Healy C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCartan B.; McCreary C.; Healy C.) Anatomy Department, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. McCartan, Anatomy Department, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland. Email: bmccartan@rcsi.ie SOURCE European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe (2008) 12:1 (17-22). Date of Publication: Feb 2008 ISSN 1396-5883 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ireland has some of the strictest smoking regulations in the world. Little is known of the attitudes of student Irish dental healthcare workers towards tobacco control and tobacco use cessation. This study aimed at determining the knowledge and attitudes of these students towards the deleterious effects of tobacco in the mouth and towards tobacco use cessation in dental practice. METHOD: A questionnaire survey was distributed to 654 students (including newly qualified) on dentistry, dental hygiene and dental nursing programmes in Irish dental schools. Information sought included college, course, year of study, sex, age, nationality, smoking status, knowledge of effects of tobacco in the mouth and attitudes towards tobacco use cessation in dental practice and towards the Irish smoking bans. MAIN FINDINGS: There was a 90% response rate. In all, 12% of dental students, 25% of dental hygiene students and 31% of dental nursing students were current smokers. Newly qualified dental hygienists were as knowledgeable about tobacco effects in the mouth as newly qualified dentists. Overall, the majority in each student category believed that all three groups could be effective tobacco counsellors and should provide tobacco use cessation counselling to patients, although less than half of evening course dental nursing students felt that dental nurses could be effective counsellors or should provide counselling. There was overwhelming support for the Irish smoking ban. Only a minority of dental students and dental nursing students had received instruction in tobacco use cessation counselling. CONCLUSIONS: There are strong positive attitudes to tobacco use cessation counselling in dental practice among these young dental healthcare students. This is true even amongst those who have not received specific instruction in tobacco use cessation counselling. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health dental assistant dental education smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comparative study dentist education ethnic group ethnology female health personnel attitude health promotion human Ireland male methodology patient education psychological aspect standard statistics tobacco dependence (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18257760 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18257760) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0579.2007.00466.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 561 TITLE Nursing interventions for preventing alcohol-related harm. AUTHOR NAMES Littlejohn C. Holloway A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Littlejohn C.; Holloway A.) NHS Tayside Alcohol Problems Service, Dundee. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Littlejohn, NHS Tayside Alcohol Problems Service, Dundee. SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2008) 17:1 (53-59). Date of Publication: 2008 Jan 10-23 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT Harrington-Dobinson and Blows recently provided a three-part series of articles on alcohol, its consequences for health and wellbeing, and the role of the nurse. Their third article outlined the health education and health promotion role of the nurse. They outlined basic principles for nursing practice in relation to the patient with alcohol dependence in the acute general hospital. The authors of this article believe that much more can, and must, be said in relation to the vital issue of nurses' clinical interventions for alcohol. This article builds on the third article from Harrington-Dobinson and Blows by outlining, in more concrete terms, how nurses in all settings can effectively intervene with patients. It introduces the current evidence-based guidelines in this area and use the 'consensus model' contained within them to describe the process of effective alcohol intervention. Using dialogue examples to illustrate the research, the authors introduce the literature on brief interventions and motivational interviewing to the nursing audience. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (complication, diagnosis, prevention) directive counseling health promotion nurse attitude nursing assessment patient participation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anamnesis health care policy hospitalization human interpersonal communication mass screening methodology model motivation nursing organization and management practice guideline psychological aspect psychotherapy review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18399398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18399398) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 562 TITLE Educating nursing students about the dangers of drinking games AUTHOR NAMES Durkin A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Durkin A., anne.durkin@quinnipiac.edu) Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Durkin, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT. Email: anne.durkin@quinnipiac.edu SOURCE Nursing Education Perspectives (2008) 29:1 (38-41). Date of Publication: January/February 2008 ISSN 1536-5026 BOOK PUBLISHER National League for Nursing ABSTRACT Alcohol abuse is a serious problem among college students, and drinking games are a common, yet risky practice in this population. This article provides a description of different types of drinking games along with a discussion of the risks of participation, factors that may lead college students to participate, interventions that may help reduce student participation, and reasons why nurse faculty should consider incorporating information about drinking games j into their curricula. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) health education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human methodology nursing education psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18330421 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18330421) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 563 TITLE Improving oral health in women: Nurses 1/4 call to action AUTHOR NAMES Clemmens D.A. Kerr A.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clemmens D.A., dc70@nyu.edu) New York University, College of Nursing, New York, NY. (Kerr A.R.) New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, NY. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.A. Clemmens, New York University, College of Nursing, New York, NY. Email: dc70@nyu.edu SOURCE MCN The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing (2008) 33:1 (10-14). Date of Publication: January/February 2008 ISSN 0361-929X BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to discuss the most significant oral health and related problems experienced by women, and to provide a Nurse 1/4s Plan of Action to respond to these largely preventable diseases. Oral health is integral to women 1/4s overall health and well-being, with poor oral health being associated with cancer, heart disease, diabetes, depression, and the birth of preterm, low-birthweight babies. Poor nutrition and lifestyle, principally tobacco and heavy alcohol use, can further increase the risk for oral diseases. Disparities are evident in women' 1/4s reported poor access of regular dental care related to lack of dental insurance and low income. These facts are disturbing because most oral diseases are preventable. The Surgeon General 1/4s report on oral health in America () and, more recently, the ĝ€ National Call to Action to Promote Oral Healthĝ€ () emphasized the need for partnerships of key stakeholders, including nurses, to get involved in oral disease prevention. Nurses are in an ideal position to provide health promotion education and screening across the multitude of settings in which they work regarding oral health and risk factors for oral disease. Nursing interventions aimed at promoting healthy outcomes and preventing disease should include a focus on oral health. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health health promotion mouth hygiene nurse attitude women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (complication) article dental health education education female health service health status health survey human lifestyle mass screening nursing nursing assessment nutritional status organization and management patient care planning patient referral periodontitis (complication, diagnosis, prevention) smoking (adverse drug reaction) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18158520 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18158520) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NMC.0000305650.56000.e8 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 564 TITLE Teaching hospital staff about hazardous drinking: The effect of a single intervention AUTHOR NAMES Walther M. Montse B. Silvia M. Gemma N. Antoni G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Walther M., marc.walther@hospvd.ch; Montse B.; Silvia M.; Gemma N.; Antoni G.) Alcohol Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain. (Walther M., marc.walther@hospvd.ch) Unitat d'Alcohologia, C/Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Walther, Unitat d'Alcohologia, C/Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. Email: marc.walther@hospvd.ch SOURCE Alcohol and Alcoholism (2008) 43:1 (51-52). Date of Publication: January/February 2008 ISSN 0735-0414 1464-3502 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims: To determine if a teaching intervention on hazardous drinking could improve the knowledge, attitudes and clinical behaviour of Health Professionals (HP) in a hospital. Methods: Changes were assessed at baseline and 1 month after the intervention through questionnaires delivered to 38 professionals and interviews with patients (N = 240). Results: Knowledge of professionals improved. No changes were observed through patients' interviews. Conclusions: A single teaching session produces modest but significant changes in the management of alcohol related issues in hospital staff. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) health education health personnel attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article clinical effectiveness follow up hospital personnel human interview nurse practitioner outcome assessment physician priority journal questionnaire self evaluation teaching hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008012087 MEDLINE PMID 17932078 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932078) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agm043 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 565 TITLE A computerized smoking cessation intervention for high school smokers. AUTHOR NAMES Fritz D.J. Hardin S.B. Gore Jr. P.A. Bram D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fritz D.J.; Hardin S.B.; Gore Jr. P.A.; Bram D.) VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.J. Fritz, VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA. SOURCE Pediatric nursing (2008) 34:1 (13-17). Date of Publication: 2008 Jan-Feb ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT This study evaluated a computerized intervention designed to assist high school-aged smokers to consider not smoking and move forward in the "Stages of Change." A pretest-posttest pilot was conducted with 121 high school students who completed self-reported questionnaires that provided information about smoking history and exposure, smoking dependence, stage of change, and social support. Following baseline assessment, the experimental group (n = 61) completed four, 30-minute computerized sessions known as the Computerized Adolescent Smoking Cessation Program (CASCP). Immediately following completion of the program and 1 month later, the experimental subjects were reassessed. Control subjects completed baseline assessment and were reassessed 4 to 5 weeks later. CASCP increased the number of quit attempts. At 1 month after the intervention, 20% of the experimental group quit smoking. Of those subjects who did not quit smoking, nicotine dependence and the number of cigarettes smoked daily decreased, which decreased their nicotine dependence. Overall, there was a forward movement in the experimental group's stage of change. CASCP was found to be an effective and inexpensive intervention that motivates adolescent smokers to consider smoking cessation, move forward in the stage of change, and decrease nicotine dependence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) patient education school health service smoking cessation teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adolescent analysis of variance article attitude to health child behavior child psychology clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female health care quality human male methodology motivation multicenter study nursing evaluation research organization and management pilot study psychological aspect questionnaire randomized controlled trial self concept social support statistical model statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18361082 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18361082) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 566 TITLE Tobacco Intervention Training in American College of Nurse-Midwives Accredited Education Programs AUTHOR NAMES Price J.H. Mohamed I. Jeffrey J.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Price J.H., jprice@utnet.utoledo.edu; Mohamed I.; Jeffrey J.D.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2008) 53:1 (68-74). Date of Publication: January/February 2008 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the content, amount of time, and educational techniques used in tobacco intervention training in American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) accredited programs. All 43 ACNM-accredited programs were surveyed; 34 (79%) responded. Almost one in three programs (29%) offered fewer than 3 hours of instruction in tobacco education. The programs were more likely to offer training in the clinical science areas and least likely to offer training in the sociopolitical areas. Few programs (38%) required students to be taught smoking cessation techniques with patients in a clinical setting. The main barriers to teaching more (>3 h) tobacco education were not enough time in the curriculum (28%) and not having staff who are adequately trained (15%). Midwife education programs need to increase their instructional efforts, especially in the clinical science and sociopolitical areas, if midwives are to meet their goals of keeping women healthy, and in the case of pregnancies, making it a healthy experience for the woman and her newborn. This may require the development of a model core tobacco curriculum for all ACNM-accredited programs. © 2008 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cigarette smoke tobacco smoke EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) accreditation education program nurse midwifery education smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cancer risk clinical education curriculum emphysema health care policy health economics heart disease high risk population human medical research nicotine replacement therapy passive smoking patient counseling politics postgraduate education pregnancy priority journal relapse (prevention) risk assessment smoking cessation social aspect teacher teaching time withdrawal syndrome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007616006 MEDLINE PMID 18164436 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18164436) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.06.017 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 567 TITLE Stigmatization of AIDS patients: Disentangling Thai nursing students' attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, drug use, and commercial sex AUTHOR NAMES Chan K.Y. Stoové M.A. Sringernyuang L. Reidpath D.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chan K.Y., kit.chan@deakin.edu.au) School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia. (Stoové M.A.) Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. (Sringernyuang L.) Center for Health Policy Studies, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. (Reidpath D.D.) Centre for Public Health Research, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.Y. Chan, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Melbourne, VIC 3125, Australia. Email: kit.chan@deakin.edu.au SOURCE AIDS and Behavior (2008) 12:1 (146-157). Date of Publication: January 2008 ISSN 1090-7165 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States. ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the interrelationships between the stigma of HIV/AIDS stigma and the co-stigmas of commercial sex (CS) and injecting drug use (IDU). Students of a Bangkok nursing college (N = 144) were presented with vignettes describing a person varying in the disease diagnoses (AIDS, leukemia, no disease) and co-characteristics (IDU, CS, blood transfusion, no co-characteristic). For each vignette, participants completed a social distance measure assessing their attitudes towards the hypothetical person portrayed. Multivariate analyses showed strong interactions between the stigmas of AIDS and IDU but not between AIDS and CS. Although AIDS was shown to be stigmatizing in and of itself, it was significantly less stigmatizing than IDU. The findings highlight the need to consider the non-disease-related stigmas associated with HIV as well as the actual stigma of HIV/AIDS in treatment and care settings. Methodological strengths and limitations were evaluated and implications for future research discussed. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome Human immunodeficiency virus infection intravenous drug abuse prostitution EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult AIDS patient article attitude to AIDS blood transfusion female human human experiment leukemia male multivariate analysis normal human nursing education nursing student patient care stigma Thailand vignette EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008043270 MEDLINE PMID 17364148 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17364148) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9222-y COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 568 TITLE Oral health of adolescents AUTHOR NAMES Percy M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Percy M.S., msp5@nyu.edu) New York University, College of Nursing, New York, NY. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Percy, New York University, College of Nursing, New York, NY. Email: msp5@nyu.edu SOURCE MCN The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing (2008) 33:1 (26-31). Date of Publication: January/February 2008 ISSN 0361-929X BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ABSTRACT Of all the health issues common to adolescents, oral health has not seemed to receive much attention. However, just as ĝ€ eyes are the windows to the soul,ĝ€ the oral health of an adolescent can be a reliable and expedient indicator of general health. Lesions discovered during an oral exam can indicate systemic problems that may not otherwise be disclosed during the health history. Tobacco use, sexually transmitted infections, and type II diabetes can manifest in the mouth, and many of these lesions mimic other illnesses. It is essential that nurses who work with adolescents be aware of possible differential diagnoses beyond the typical canker sores, herpes simplex type I, and periodontal disease so commonly seen. Adolescents rarely enter the healthcare system, but school and camp nurses and nurse practitioners have access to teens on a regular basis. They can screen adolescents for oral health problems and teach them practices that may prevent health problems with lifetime consequences. Capitalizing on this opportunity to educate adolescents can be critical to their long-term health. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dental caries (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) health non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (complication, epidemiology, prevention) nurse attitude sexually transmitted disease (complication, epidemiology, prevention) smokeless tobacco (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article attitude to health child behavior child psychology dental health education female health promotion human male mass screening mouth hygiene nursing assessment organization and management prevalence psychological aspect risk factor sexual behavior sexual education tobacco dependence (complication, epidemiology, prevention) United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18158524 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18158524) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.NMC.0000305654.78871.ee COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 569 TITLE Computer assisted monitoring of social and health care procedures for fragile old subjects at home. The "I-Care" Forlì experience AUTHOR NAMES Camporesi R. Mattarelli P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Camporesi R., p.mattarelli@cedaf.it; Mattarelli P.) Cedaf S.r.l., Via A. Meucci 17, 47100 Forlì, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Mattarelli, Cedaf S.r.l., Via A. Meucci 17, 47100 Forlì, Italy. Email: p.mattarelli@cedaf.it SOURCE Mediterranean Journal of Pacing and Electrophysiology (2008) 10:1-2 (10-15). Date of Publication: January/June 2008 ISSN 1128-4293 BOOK PUBLISHER Edizioni Luigi Pozzi S.r.l., Via Panama 68, Roma, Italy. ABSTRACT The ICT system prototype released by I-Care project represents a first step towards a complete welfare system able to manage all topics and subjects - other than old people - that municipalities and health agencies have to care of (families, handicapped persons, immigration, drug addicts, etc.). Cedaf is now engaged in further development activities for the implementation of a commercial package; to this end, close attention is dedicated to the integration into the system of some opportunities offered by telemedicine, like collection of clinical data from different systems, remote monitoring of clinical parameters, wide diffusion of medical information, etc., shooting for an efficient and all-comprehensive "home-care" service, that in many cases seems to be the main alternative to traditional provisions like admission in hospitals or residential/nursing homes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) computer system elderly care health care planning home monitoring social welfare telemedicine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article data collection method health care organization heart failure home care legal aspect medical information organizational efficiency EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009150885 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 570 TITLE Smoking cessation strategies by nurses in an acute care setting. AUTHOR NAMES Bryant S.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bryant S.K.) St. Mary Health Center, Richmond Heights, Missouri, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.K. Bryant, St. Mary Health Center, Richmond Heights, Missouri, USA. Email: skpom@hotmail.com SOURCE Journal for nurses in staff development : JNSD : official journal of the National Nursing Staff Development Organization (2008) 24:1 (31-35). Date of Publication: 2008 Jan-Feb ISSN 1538-9049 (electronic) ABSTRACT Smoking Cessation Strategies by Nurses in an Acute Care Setting is a pilot educational project for registered nurses (RNs) at a teaching community hospital in the Southeast. The purpose of this project is to provide an inservice education session using the recommendation of the National Guideline Clearinghouse in Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence and the Guideline from the U.S. Public Health Service. A convenience sample of 49 RNs completed a 10-question pretest and 10-question posttest on perceptions about smoking cessation assessment, strategies, and documentation. After the inservice education, the result showed a significant improvement of RN perception in smoking cessation assessment, strategies, and documentation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) intensive care smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease article education educational status epidemiology health personnel attitude human in service training methodology perception pilot study program development psychological aspect questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18349768 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18349768) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 571 TITLE Shattered dreams: Parental experiences of adolescent substance abuse: Feature Article AUTHOR NAMES Usher K. Jackson D. O'Brien L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Usher K., kim.usher@jcu.edu.au) School of Nursing Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD. (Jackson D.; O'Brien L.) School of Nursing, Family and Community Health, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South DC, NSW, Australia. (Usher K., kim.usher@jcu.edu.au) School of Nursing Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Usher, School of Nursing Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia. Email: kim.usher@jcu.edu.au SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2007) 16:6 (422-430). Date of Publication: December 2007 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT Drug or substance abuse by adolescents continues to have a major impact on the health and well-being of young people and poses a serious management problem for health workers. While the majority of the problems surrounding adolescent substance abuse rest on the parents, little is actually known about their experiences. This study aimed to describe and construct an interpretation of the lived experiences of parenting an adolescent who abuses illicit substances. A qualitative approach, underpinned by the tenets of phenomenology, was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 18 parents. Thematic analysis revealed eight themes: confronting the lies, deceit, and suspicion; struggling to set limits; dealing with the consequences; living with the blame and the shame; trying to keep the child safe; grieving the child that was; living with the guilt; and choosing self-preservation. The results indicate that parents struggle to manage the problem, are left to deal with the consequences of the behaviour with little support, and are constantly looking for answers to the questions raised by the problem. © 2007 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior addiction child parent relation parent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article Australia female grief guilt human male psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17995513 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17995513) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2007.00497.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 572 TITLE Mental illness and use of home care nationally in the u.s. department of veterans affairs AUTHOR NAMES Miller E.A. Rosenheck R.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Miller E.A., edward_a_miller@brown.edu) Departments of Community Health and Political Science, A. Alfred Taubman Center for Public Policy and American Institutions, Brown University, Providence, RI. (Miller E.A., edward_a_miller@brown.edu; Rosenheck R.A.) Veterans Affairs Connecticut Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, West Haven, CT. (Rosenheck R.A.) Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT. (Miller E.A., edward_a_miller@brown.edu) Center for Public Policy, American Institutions, Brown University, 67 George St., Providence, RI 02912. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. A. Miller, Center for Public Policy, American Institutions, Brown University, 67 George St., Providence, RI 02912. Email: edward_a_miller@brown.edu SOURCE American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2007) 15:12 (1046-1056). Date of Publication: December 2007 ISSN 1064-7481 1545-7214 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine whether patients with mental health diagnoses are more likely to utilize home-based primary care (HBPC), and to identify characteristics associated with HBPC admission among elderly and nonelderly veterans, specifically. METHODS: Patients receiving treatment during fiscal year (FY) 2003 and having no evidence of home care utilization during FY2002 were followed through FY2005 using administrative claims data of the Veterans Health Administration of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Participants were 4,411,677 VA patients with no prior HBPC use. Cox proportional hazard models were developed to identify correlates of HBPC use. RESULTS: Of VA patients with no prior use of HBPC, 24.2% received a mental health diagnosis, of whom 1.5% eventually used HBPC. Two in five new HBPC admissions were diagnosed with mental illness. Patients diagnosed with dementia were 66% more likely to be admitted. Patients diagnosed with nonschizophrenia psychoses (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.30), miscellaneous affective disorders (HR: 1.22), and schizophrenia (HR: 1.21) had the next highest probabilities. Risk of admission was highest for ≥3 outpatient medical visits (HR: 2.61), followed by any inpatient medical/surgical days (HR: 1.79) or outpatient mental health visits (HR: 1.30). Elderly patients with any inpatient mental health days were less likely to be admitted; younger patients with nursing home use, community residential care, and mental health intensive care management were more likely to be admitted. CONCLUSION: Given that mental illness is independently associated with the likelihood of admission, it is critical that providers develop the skills and resources necessary to meet the psychiatric needs of home care recipients. © 2007 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia (diagnosis, disease management) home mental health care mental disease (diagnosis, disease management) mood disorder (diagnosis, disease management) nonschizophrenia psychosis (diagnosis, disease management) psychosis (diagnosis, disease management) schizophrenia (diagnosis, disease management) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged aging alcoholism (diagnosis, disease management) anxiety disorder (diagnosis, disease management) article bipolar disorder (diagnosis, disease management) clinical practice controlled study drug dependence (diagnosis, disease management) evidence based practice female health care management health care utilization hospital admission hospital patient hospitalization human long term care major clinical study major depression (diagnosis, disease management) male mental health care outpatient care personality disorder (diagnosis, disease management) posttraumatic stress disorder (diagnosis, disease management) primary medical care residential care risk United States veteran EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2009317394 MEDLINE PMID 18056823 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18056823) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181462274 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 573 TITLE Familial and social conditions of alcohol drinking in children and adolescents. AUTHOR NAMES Maciorkowska E. Buraczewska E. Sacharewicz A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Maciorkowska E.; Buraczewska E.; Sacharewicz A.) Department of Pediatric Nursing, Medical University of Białystok, Poland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Maciorkowska, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Medical University of Białystok, Poland. Email: emaciorkowska@o2.pl SOURCE Advances in medical sciences (2007) 52 Suppl 1 (115-118). Date of Publication: 2007 ISSN 1896-1126 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of alcoholic beverage use among children and young people of Białystok city and to assess the influence of familial and environmental factors on this phenomenon. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 894 pupils in the city of Białystok. An anonymous questionnaire, prepared in the Department of Pediatric Nursery of the Medical University of Białystok was used in the study. RESULTS: The examinations revealed that alcohol use among adolescents of Białystok increases with the increasing age of pupils (33.2%--the first grade of middle school, 63.4%--the third grade of middle school, and 79.9%--the second grade of high school). The first experience with alcohol took place in the 5-10 age bracket, but the greatest alcohol initiation (35% of young people) was reported in the 10-15 age bracket; 16% of children were not capable of establishing proper relations with their parents. The examined pupils observed destructive behavior most frequently among their friends (38%) and in people with whom they had no direct contact (36.8%). Adolescents were revealed to use alcohol for company (21.6%), due to lack of safety feeling (18.4%), and the ability of free time organizing (23.4%). CONCLUSION: 1. Alcohol use by children and adolescents from the city of Białystok increases with the age and the biggest alcohol initiation takes place in the age of 10-15 brackets. 2. Familial and social conditioning/factors influence alcohol use by children and adolescents. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology) family social status EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child female genetics human male Poland (epidemiology) psychological aspect questionnaire university hospital LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18229646 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18229646) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 574 TITLE School-based administration of ADHD drugs decline, along with diversion, theft, and misuse. AUTHOR NAMES Dupont R.L. Bucher R.H. Wilford B.B. Coleman J.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dupont R.L.; Bucher R.H.; Wilford B.B.; Coleman J.J.) Institute for Behavior and Health, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.L. Dupont, Institute for Behavior and Health, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2007) 23:6 (349-352). Date of Publication: Dec 2007 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Since 2000 researchers have reported a decline in the administration of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications given by school nurses, although no decline has been noted in the incidence of ADHD in school-age populations. Government data for the same period show reduced levels of methylphenidate abuse as measured by its involvement in hospital emergency department (ED) admissions. Offsetting this, however, is an increase in the involvement of amphetamine-dextroamphetamine in hospital ED admissions for the same period. Because ADHD medications are often administered in the school setting, a survey of school nurses was undertaken to identify factors related to the administration as well as to the diversion, theft, and misuse of ADHD medications. Of 311 school nurses responding, 295 (95%) reported a significant or moderate decline between 2002 and 2004 in the need for school-based administration of ADHD medications. Respondents also reported reductions in diversion, theft, and misuse of ADHD drugs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) central stimulant agent (drug administration) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amphetamine (drug administration) methylphenidate (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attention deficit disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology) drug abuse (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) health personnel attitude school health nursing theft EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chemistry child confidentiality delayed release formulation drug administration drug control drug utilization health service hospital admission human nursing nursing methodology research nursing staff patient selection psychological aspect questionnaire United States (epidemiology) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18052521 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18052521) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 575 TITLE Computerized mental health assessment in integrative health clinics: A cross-sectional study using structured interview: Feature Article AUTHOR NAMES Leung S.F. French P. Chui C. Arthur D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Leung S.F., hsfong@inet.polyu.edu.hk; French P.) School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon. (Chui C.) Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. (Arthur D.) Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yoo Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. (Leung S.F., hsfong@inet.polyu.edu.hk) School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.F. Leung, School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Email: hsfong@inet.polyu.edu.hk SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2007) 16:6 (441-446). Date of Publication: December 2007 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT Computerized mental health assessment is gaining popularity. It enables the standardization of assessment of clinical problems, increases the capacity to collect sensitive or confidential information, facilitates personal assessment at one's own pace, and offers rapid screening of mental health status. The use of computer technology to conduct mental health assessment was an initiative proposed for two nurse-led integrative health clinics affiliated to a University in Hong Kong. It was intended to provide an efficient screening for depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, and problem gambling common in the primary health-care settings to facilitate early intervention. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of using a computerized health assessment kiosk to perform mental health assessment. The assessment items were derived from an abbreviated World Health Organization Mental Disorders Checklist and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Criteria for Pathological Gambling. The study involved an opportunity sample of 31 subjects who volunteered to complete the computerized mental health assessment during their waiting time in the clinics. The results showed that most subjects had positive feelings about using a computer to perform a mental health assessment and had increased understanding of their mental health. Suggestions made to improve computerized mental health assessments included touch screen, voice instructions, and enlarged print font size. © 2007 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) computer assisted diagnosis mass screening mental disease (prevention) patient satisfaction psychological rating scale EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article child clinical trial cross-sectional study female Hong Kong human male methodology middle aged multicenter study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17995515 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17995515) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2007.00500.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 576 TITLE Promoting culturally appropriate interventions among vulnerable populations. AUTHOR NAMES Giger J.N. Davidhizar R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Giger J.N.; Davidhizar R.) University of California, Los Angeles School of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.N. Giger, University of California, Los Angeles School of Nursing, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2007) 25 (293-316). Date of Publication: 2007 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT Evidence-based practice is critical for the improvement of interventions for culturally diverse and disadvantaged groups in the community. Nurses are strategically located in the line of patient care and must be grounded in knowledge related to the delivery of culturally appropriate intervention strategies. Although many of the health care disciplines have failed to conduct or disseminate culturally competent interventions among vulnerable populations, it is important to note that nursing has long been engaged in such activities. Clearly, all health care professionals must be provided with the tools that they need to give appropriate and effective care to patients and to conduct and disseminate relevant research about vulnerable populations. This chapter focuses on culturally competent interventions for ethnic and racial minority groups, women, and the mentally ill. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural anthropology health promotion nursing research transcultural care vulnerable population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction breast tumor clinical competence ethnic group ethnology evidence based medicine female health service human Human immunodeficiency virus infection information dissemination male methodology minority group organization and management outcome assessment race review smoking women's health LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17958296 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17958296) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 577 TITLE High expressed emotion, severe mental illness and substance use disorder. AUTHOR NAMES Watts M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Watts M.) School of Health, Park Campus, University of Northampton, Northampton. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Watts, School of Health, Park Campus, University of Northampton, Northampton. SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2007) 16:20 (1259-1262). Date of Publication: 2007 Nov 8-21 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT This article discusses the behavioural attitudes of high expressed emotion as a major contributor to relapse in patients dually diagnosed with severe mental illness and substance use disorder. There are a number of research studies and authoritative texts on this particular problem and discussions identify the role expressed emotion plays in this condition. However, the majority of literature concentrates on how high expressed emotion affects the person's mental illness causing relapse rather than any effect on their substance misuse. This article outlines severe mental illness and substance use disorder; identifies the components of expressed emotion and how this may contribute to relapse; management and care in this condition; the treatment and avoidance of expressed emotion by the family and the professional; and issues of nurse education, training and support. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, therapy) emotion family mental disease (diagnosis, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent case report comorbidity education family therapy female forensic psychiatry hospitalization hostility human male nurse attitude nursing assessment organization and management psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric nursing psychological aspect recurrent disease review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18073656 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18073656) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 578 TITLE Reducing harm in the community. AUTHOR NAMES Katiforis R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Katiforis R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Katiforis, SOURCE Australian nursing journal (July 1993) (2007) 15:5 (37). Date of Publication: Nov 2007 ISSN 1320-3185 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing harm reduction health promotion patient care substance abuse (complication, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human Human immunodeficiency virus infection (etiology, prevention) nurse attitude nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18044243 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18044243) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 579 TITLE Assessing the impact of training on mental health nurses' therapeutic attitudes and knowledge about co-morbidity: A randomised controlled trial AUTHOR NAMES Munro A. Watson H.E. McFadyen A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Munro A., alison.munro@gcal.ac.uk; Watson H.E., h.e.watson@gcal.ac.uk; McFadyen A.) School of Nursing, Midwifery and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow, G4 0BA, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.E. Watson, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow, G4 0BA, United Kingdom. Email: h.e.watson@gcal.ac.uk SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2007) 44:8 (1430-1438). Date of Publication: November 2007 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Substance misuse can trigger or be causally associated with mental health problems. Therapeutic attitude is important in predicting effective engagement with people with alcohol and drug problems but health professionals' attitudes towards this client group are often negative. Education regarding substance misuse has often been neglected and nurses may lack knowledge to provide appropriate care. Objectives: To test the impact of training for staff who work with people who have co-existing mental health and substance use problems. Design: A randomised controlled trial. Setting: An NHS Primary Care Division in the West of Scotland. Participants: Forty-nine mental health nurses. Methods: Intervention. A four-day training programme. Measurements: (a) therapeutic attitudes measured by the co-morbidity problems perceptions questionnaire; (b) knowledge of alcohol, drugs and co-morbidity measured by a structured questionnaire. Results: Significant effects for group (F = 30.42, p < 0.001) were found in therapeutic attitude scores and also over time (F = 10.66, p < 0.001). A significant interaction was also found (p < 0.001). Post-hoc testing revealed that the mean pre-training attitude score was significantly different from post-training (p = 0.001; 95% CI 5.53, 25.38) and from six-months follow-up (p < 0.001; 95% CI 11.26, 32.49) but that post-training and follow-up mean scores were not significantly different (p = 0.358; 95% CI -4.71, 17.55). For knowledge, a significant group effect was found (F = 10.32, p = 0.002), and also a significant time effect (F = 3.35, p = 0.039) but no significant interaction effect was present (p = 0.169). The post-hoc testing revealed that only a pre-training to six-month follow-up time effect was statistically significant (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.37, 9.29). Conclusions: The training programme was effective in improving the therapeutic attitudes of participants to working with clients who have co-existing mental health and substance use problems, both immediately after the training was delivered, and at six-months follow-up. It was also effective in improving participants' overall knowledge of alcohol, drugs and co-morbidity. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) attitude to health mental disease (epidemiology) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of variance article clinical trial comorbidity controlled clinical trial controlled study female human male nursing psychiatric diagnosis randomized controlled trial United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16996517 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16996517) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.07.024 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 580 TITLE Sexually Compulsive/Addictive Behaviors in Women: A Women's Healthcare Issue AUTHOR NAMES Roller C.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Roller C.G., croller@kent.edu) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2007) 52:5 (486-491). Date of Publication: September 2007 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Sexually compulsive/addictive behavior is a pattern of sexual behaviors that cause distress and/or impairment of social functioning. It is marked by obsessive thoughts, compulsive behaviors, and the individual's inability to stop the behaviors despite negative consequences. Women experiencing sexually compulsive/addictive behavior are preoccupied with sex not as a response to desire but rather as a behavior that serves the purpose of anxiety reduction. Sexually compulsive/addictive behavior is associated with a number of health consequences, including sexually transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancies, abortions, and violence. It is important for providers to have an understanding of the addiction process, assessment, diagnosis, and interventions for these women. © 2007 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) compulsion (diagnosis, etiology, therapy) sexual addiction (diagnosis, etiology, therapy) sexual compulsion (diagnosis, etiology, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abortion anamnesis anxiety article clinical feature cognitive therapy high risk behavior human pathophysiology priority journal psychologic assessment sexual arousal sexual deviation sexually transmitted disease social disability social interaction social stress substance abuse unwanted pregnancy violence women's health EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007432016 MEDLINE PMID 17826712 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17826712) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.03.014 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 581 TITLE The need to prevent nicotine addiction and diabetes in our youth. The role of school health programs. AUTHOR NAMES Tobacco M. Butterbrodt M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tobacco M.; Butterbrodt M.) Oglala Lakota Nation Wellness Team, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Tobacco, Oglala Lakota Nation Wellness Team, USA. SOURCE School nurse news (2007) 24:4 (13-14). Date of Publication: Sep 2007 ISSN 1080-7543 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (prevention) school health nursing school health service smoking (epidemiology, prevention) social marketing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent age article child health education human nursing risk assessment risk factor United States (epidemiology) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17913099 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17913099) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 582 TITLE Drink a little; take a few drugs: Do nurses have knowledge to identify and manage in-patients at risk of drugs and alcohol? AUTHOR NAMES Griffiths R.D. Stone A. Tran D.T. Fernandez R.S. Ford K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Griffiths R.D., Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au; Tran D.T.; Ford K.) University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia. (Griffiths R.D., Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au; Stone A.; Fernandez R.S.) Sydney South West Area Health Service, Sydney, Australia. (Griffiths R.D., Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au) Department of Nursing, . (Griffiths R.D., Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia. (Fernandez R.S.) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Sydney, Australia. (Griffiths R.D., Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.D. Griffiths, Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Liverpool Hospital, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool, NSW 1871, Australia. Email: Rhonda.Griffiths@swsahs.nsw.gov.au SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Review (2007) 26:5 (545-552). Date of Publication: September 2007 ISSN 0959-5236 1465-3362 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Ltd. ABSTRACT Introduction and Aims. The widespread use of alcohol and other drugs poses particular problems during hospitalisation. Although nurses have been identified as an appropriate group to screen patients and provide acute and ongoing management to people with drug and alcohol-related problems, rates of screening are low. The aims of this study were to identify current practices for screening by nurses working in medical and surgical wards, determine their knowledge relating to problems associated with substance use and identify their self-reported skills in managing patients with drug- and alcohol-related problems. Design and Methods. A chart audit of medical records was completed and a survey was distributed to nurses working in the study wards. Results. Screening for alcohol and drug use was documented on only 22/79 medical records, and detailed information about quantity and duration of use was recorded in only nine. Overall, the nurses reported that they had little knowledge about substance use problems, and felt that they lacked skills to care adequately for these patients. Discussion and Conclusions. The results of this study suggest a need for a comprehensive training and education to ensure that nurses are familiar with policies and protocols for management of patients and to assist nurses to provide evidence-based care and make appropriate referrals to specialist services. [Griffiths RD, Stone A, Tran DT, Fernandez RS, Ford K. Drink a little; take a few drugs: do nurses have knowledge to identify and manage in-patients at risk of drugs and alcohol? EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) alcoholism (diagnosis) attitude to health mass screening nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Australia education evidence based medicine female hospital admission human information processing male medical audit medical record methodology middle aged nursing practice guideline standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17701518 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17701518) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230701499167 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 583 TITLE Midwives' Knowledge, Perceptions, Beliefs, and Practice Supports Regarding Tobacco Dependence Treatment AUTHOR NAMES Abatemarco D.J. Steinberg M.B. Delnevo C.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Abatemarco D.J., dja17@pitt.edu; Steinberg M.B.; Delnevo C.D.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2007) 52:5 (451-457). Date of Publication: September 2007 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Wiley-Blackwell, 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Clinical practice guidelines and evidence-based reviews confirm the efficacy of tobacco dependence treatment for pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to examine tobacco dependence treatment practices among certified nurse-midwives who treat pregnant women who smoke. Midwives were surveyed to determine knowledge, perceptions, and beliefs about tobacco cessation treatment and to identify practice environmental factors that support treatment practices. Half of all midwives had not heard of the US Public Health Service Guidelines (5 A's) to assist smokers in cessation treatment. We found varying levels of adherence to the clinical practice guidelines. Nearly all midwives routinely ask, advise, and assess; while fewer encourage patients to set a quit date or discuss medication options (assist) and perform follow-up activities (arrange). Barriers significantly associated with clinical tobacco treatment practice are lack of training and competing priorities in the visit. One-office support, a system in place to provide smoking cessation information and resources, was associated with increased practice. In summary, midwives believe they should be providing tobacco dependence treatment, yet they identify a need for training. The findings of this study also indicate that sustained practice change, which includes the entire practice environment, should be targeted to enhance tobacco dependence treatment. © 2007 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (drug therapy) nicotine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) midwife attitude smoking cessation tobacco dependence (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article clinical competence clinical practice environmental factor female follow up health belief health survey human male maternal smoking motivation nicotine replacement therapy nurse midwife patient counseling patient education practice guideline pregnant woman priority journal public health DRUG TRADE NAMES wellbutrin CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007432020 MEDLINE PMID 17826707 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17826707) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.03.019 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 584 TITLE Prevention and health promotion and evidence-based fields of nursing - a literature review. AUTHOR NAMES Wilhelmsson S. Lindberg M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wilhelmsson S.; Lindberg M.) R&D Department of Local Health Care, County of Ostergötland, Linköping, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Wilhelmsson, R&D Department of Local Health Care, County of Ostergötland, Linköping, Sweden. Email: susan.wilhelmsson@lio.se SOURCE International journal of nursing practice (2007) 13:4 (254-265). Date of Publication: Aug 2007 ISSN 1322-7114 ABSTRACT This paper summarizes the evidence constituting the foundation for preventive and health promotive work performed by nurses in primary care. This is a systematic literature review in six scientific databases. Forty original articles and 16 literature reviews met the inclusion criteria. After both authors independently read the articles, 25 were excluded and 15 included. One article was judged to be of high quality, five of medium quality and 10 of low quality. The articles of high and medium quality focused on alcohol counselling, coronary heart disease and diabetes. Of the 16 literature reviews from the Cochrane Library, 10 were found to be relevant and presented evidence. The subjects included smoking cessation, breast-feeding, prevention of falls among the elderly, asthma in children, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Few studies in the area of prevention and health promotion are of adequate scientific quality, resulting in limited evidence for the effects of interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) evidence based medicine health promotion nurse attitude nursing research primary health care primary prevention EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism asthma breast feeding coronary artery disease diabetes mellitus falling (prevention) human methodology nursing organization and management review smoking cessation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17640247 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17640247) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2007.00635.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 585 TITLE Mental health nursing students' relationships with the pharmaceutical industry AUTHOR NAMES Ashmore R. Carver N. Banks D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ashmore R., r.j.ashmore@shu.ac.uk; Carver N.) Sheffield Hallam University, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Mundella House, Collegiate Crescent, S1 1WB, United Kingdom. (Banks D.) School of Health and Social Care, University of Teesside, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Ashmore, Sheffield Hallam University, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Mundella House, Collegiate Crescent, S1 1WB, United Kingdom. Email: r.j.ashmore@shu.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2007) 27:6 (551-560). Date of Publication: August 2007 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT Introduction: The medical profession's relationship with the pharmaceutical industry (PI) has come under increased scrutiny in recent years, however little is known on the subject in mental health nursing. Aims: The study sought to investigate: (1) the frequency of contact between mental health nursing students and PI employees; (2) students' attitudes and beliefs about their relationship with the PI; (3) the range of 'gifts', promotional items and hospitality accepted or seen in clinical environments by students in a one year period; and (4) students' attitudes to 'gifts', promotional items and hospitality offered by the industry. Method: Employing a survey design, a 35-item questionnaire was distributed to 472 students at two universities in the UK. Data were analysed from 347 respondents by means of descriptive statistics and simple content analysis. Results: The findings suggest that students have significant contact with the industry through one-to-one meetings with pharmaceutical representatives (PRs) and by attending events giving information on specific drugs or general mental health issues. Students also identified a number of benefits (e.g. receiving "up-to-date" information on new drugs) and problems (e.g. the potential influence exerted on practitioners to use their drugs) arising out of this contact. Most students (79.8%) had accepted some form of 'gift' from the industry but few (11.5%) believed it was unacceptable to do so. The presence of promotional items in the clinical environment was seen as advertising (84.4%) but few students (19.3%) believed clinical environment should be free of these items. Over half (57.1%) of the students believed that PRs did not always give unbiased information but thought that they and mental health nurses in general would be able to detect any bias. Conclusions: In parallel with medicine, the study has shown that the pharmaceutical industry has at least the potential to influence mental health nursing students. Within medicine this realisation has triggered a vigorous debate on how medical schools should respond to the promotional activities of the PI. We suggest this study goes some way to demonstrating there is a need for these issues to be debated in the education of mental health nurses. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug industry gift giving health personnel attitude nursing student psychiatric nursing public relations EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health clinical competence conflict of interest drug information education epidemiology ethics female health service human male medical ethics nursing education nursing methodology research organization and management persuasive communication psychological aspect qualitative research questionnaire United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17113686 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17113686) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.08.016 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 586 TITLE 'Take my hand, help me out': Mental health service recipients' experience of the therapeutic relationship: Feature Article AUTHOR NAMES Shattell M.M. Starr S.S. Thomas S.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shattell M.M., mona_shattell@uncg.edu) School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro. (Starr S.S.) Gaston College, Dallas, NC. (Thomas S.P.) College of Nursing, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States. (Shattell M.M., mona_shattell@uncg.edu) School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Moore Building 320, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.M. Shattell, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Moore Building 320, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States. Email: mona_shattell@uncg.edu SOURCE International Journal of Mental Health Nursing (2007) 16:4 (274-284). Date of Publication: August 2007 ISSN 1445-8330 1447-0349 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to describe mental health service recipients' experience of the therapeutic relationship. The research question was 'what is therapeutic about the therapeutic relationship?' This study was a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews conducted with persons with mental illness as part of a study of the experience of being understood. This secondary analysis used data from 20 interviews with community-dwelling adults with mental illness, who were asked to talk about the experience of being understood by a health-care provider. Data were analysed using an existential phenomenological approach. Individuals experienced therapeutic relationships against a backdrop of challenges, including mental illness, domestic violence, substance abuse, and homelessness. They had therapeutic relationships with nurses (psychiatric/mental health nurses and dialysis nurses), physicians (psychiatrists and general practitioners), psychologists, social workers, and counsellors. Experiences of the therapeutic relationship were expressed in three figural themes, titled using participants' own words: 'relate to me', 'know me as a person', and 'get to the solution'. The ways in which these participants described therapeutic relationships challenge some long-held beliefs, such as the use of touch, self-disclosure, and blunt feedback. A therapeutic relationship for persons with mental illness requires in-depth personal knowledge, which is acquired only with time, understanding, and skill. Knowing the whole person, rather than knowing the person only as a service recipient, is key for practising nurses and nurse educators interested in enhancing the therapeutic potential of relationships. © 2007 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health mental disease nurse attitude nurse patient relationship psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cooperation empathy female health personnel attitude human male methodology middle aged morality nursing nursing methodology research nursing theory problem solving psychological aspect psychological theory qualitative research questionnaire self disclosure social psychology social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17635627 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17635627) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2007.00477.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 587 TITLE Factors Influencing Intentions to Integrate Tobacco Education Among Advanced Practice Nursing Faculty AUTHOR NAMES Heath J. Crowell N.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heath J., ejh@georgetown.edu) School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States. (Crowell N.A.) School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Heath, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States. Email: ejh@georgetown.edu SOURCE Journal of Professional Nursing (2007) 23:4 (189-200). Date of Publication: July/August 2007 ISSN 8755-7223 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT We report on the findings of a national survey that examined factors that influence faculty's intentions to integrate tobacco education in their advanced practice nursing curricula. The addiction component of tobacco use is taking its toll on the health of 48 million smokers in the United States. Several national health authorities recommend and/or mandate that tobacco prevention and tobacco cessation be addressed at every point of entry in the health care delivery system. However, there is increasing evidence that health care providers may not be adequately prepared to meet national goals and/or standards. One hundred sixty-one advanced practice nursing faculty in the United States completed an 88-item survey regarding external factors (e.g., personal history of tobacco use, clinical practice, and current tobacco topics taught) and components of the Theory of Reasoned Action model (including perceived self-efficacy, behavioral beliefs, subjective norms, and control beliefs related to tobacco education). Descriptive statistics, χ(2) analysis, Pearson correlation, and linear regression were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that sex (χ(2) = 7.949, P = .024), level of education (χ(2) = 26.853, P = .0005), years of academic teaching (χ(2) = 19.418, P = .013), and combined clinical and course responsibility (χ(2) = 10.430, P = .0236) were significant external (demographic) factors and that behavioral beliefs (attitude about tobacco education) demonstrated the strongest relationship with intention scores (r = 0.876, P < .0005). Overall, 62.7% of nurse practitioners reported high scores (≥5, on a scale of 1-7) for intentions to integrate tobacco education, as compared with 37.5% of nurse midwives, 30.3% of clinical nurse specialists, and 8.7% of nurse anesthetists. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that nursing curricular gaps with tobacco education exist and that national efforts are needed to ensure that widespread changes occur to help reduce the morbidity and mortality related to tobacco use. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior health personnel attitude nursing education smoking (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health curriculum education female human male multivariate analysis needs assessment nurse nurse anesthetist nurse midwife nurse practitioner nursing methodology research organization and management professional competence psychological aspect psychological model questionnaire self concept statistical model United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17675113 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17675113) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.01.016 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 588 TITLE An RCT of adherence therapy for people with schizophrenia in Chiang Mai, Thailand AUTHOR NAMES Maneesakorn S. Robson D. Gournay K. Gray R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gray R., r.gray@iop.kcl.ac.uk) Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO Box 30, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom. (Maneesakorn S.; Robson D.; Gournay K.; Gray R., r.gray@iop.kcl.ac.uk) Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Gray, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO Box 30, SE5 8AF London, United Kingdom. Email: r.gray@iop.kcl.ac.uk SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2007) 16:7 (1302-1312). Date of Publication: July 2007 ISSN 0962-1067 1365-2702 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Aim. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of adherence therapy-a brief intervention based on compliance therapy and motivational interviewing techniques-in a sample of people with schizophrenia in Thailand. Background. Poor adherence is problematic, but knowledge about how to improve medication adherence is limited. Studies focusing on the effects of interventions used to improve adherence have produced inconsistent outcomes and have been mainly conducted in western countries. Methods. An exploratory single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Thirty-two patients with schizophrenia were randomly allocated to receive eight weekly sessions of adherence therapy or continue with their treatment as usual. Patients were assessed at baseline and after nine weeks. The primary outcome was overall psychotic symptoms. Secondary outcomes were general functioning, attitude towards and satisfaction with antipsychotic medication and medication side effects. Results. The findings of this study indicated that patients who received adherence therapy significantly improved in overall psychotic symptoms, attitude towards and satisfaction with medication compared with treatment as usual but no significant difference was found in general functioning or side effects compared with treatment as usual. Relevance to clinical practice. Adherence therapy has a positive impact on patients' psychiatric symptoms, attitude towards and satisfaction with medication. Nurses can effectively deliver adherence therapy following intensive training. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cognitive therapy patient compliance patient education psychology psychotherapy schizophrenia (complication, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (complication) adult analysis of variance article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female follow up health care quality human male motivation nursing assessment organization and management outcome assessment psychologic test psychological aspect psychological model psychological rating scale randomized controlled trial single blind procedure Thailand LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17584349 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17584349) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.01786.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 589 TITLE The Integration of Physical Health and Behavioral Health Services: Three University Case Examples AUTHOR NAMES Manderscheid R.W. Masi D. Rossignol C.R. Masi D.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Manderscheid R.W., rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com; Masi D.; Rossignol C.R.; Masi D.A.) Mental Health and Substance Use Programs, Constella Group, Rockville, MD, United States. (Manderscheid R.W., rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com; Masi D.; Rossignol C.R.; Masi D.A.) Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States. (Manderscheid R.W., rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com; Masi D.; Rossignol C.R.; Masi D.A.) Masi Research Consultants, Boston, MA, United States. (Manderscheid R.W., rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com; Masi D.; Rossignol C.R.; Masi D.A.) University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States. (Manderscheid R.W., rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com; Masi D.; Rossignol C.R.; Masi D.A.) Boston Behavioral, Boston, MA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.W. Manderscheid, Mental Health and Substance Use Programs, Constella Group, Rockville, MD, United States. Email: rmanderscheid@constellagroup.com SOURCE Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (2007) 21:3 (141-149). Date of Publication: June 2007 ISSN 0883-9417 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT To improve the quality of care, the Institute of Medicine has called for the integration of mental health and substance use care with primary care services. This article reports three case studies of service integration efforts in universities. The results provide support for the feasibility of such initiatives. In the three case studies, service integration proved to be both clinically and financially feasible. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health service mental health service primary health care public relations university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis, therapy) article counseling eating disorder (diagnosis, therapy) feasibility study health care quality health promotion human mental disease (diagnosis, therapy) nonbiological model nurse attitude organization and management patient care patient referral philosophy program development psychiatric nursing total quality management treatment outcome United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17556107 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17556107) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2007.01.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 590 TITLE Integrating hepatitis prevention services into a substance use disorder clinic AUTHOR NAMES Hagedorn H. Dieperink E. Dingmann D. Durfee J. Ho S.B. Isenhart C. Rettmann N. Willenbring M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hagedorn H., hildi.hagedorn@va.gov; Dieperink E.; Dingmann D.; Durfee J.; Ho S.B.; Isenhart C.; Rettmann N.) Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States. (Hagedorn H., hildi.hagedorn@va.gov; Dieperink E.; Durfee J.; Ho S.B.; Isenhart C.) University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. (Dieperink E.; Durfee J.; Ho S.B.) Veterans Affairs Hepatitis C Resource Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States. (Willenbring M.) National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20892, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Hagedorn, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, United States. Email: hildi.hagedorn@va.gov SOURCE Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (2007) 32:4 (391-398). Date of Publication: June 2007 ISSN 0740-5472 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The Healthy Liver Program, established at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center Substance Use Disorder Clinic, provides screening for exposure to hepatitis infections, a group education class, and an individual nursing appointment to review screening results, give vaccinations for hepatitis A and hepatitis B, and make referrals to the hepatitis clinic as appropriate. A patient chart audit was completed 11 months after the establishment of the Healthy Liver Program. The attendance rate for the educational group and individual feedback sessions was 66.9%, with 94.1% of attendees accepting recommended hepatitis A and/or hepatitis B vaccinations. All patients with chronic hepatitis C who attended the Healthy Liver Program received a referral for evaluation in the hepatitis clinic, as compared with only 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C who were identified before the establishment of the program. The importance of providing comprehensive educational sessions and recommendations for how patients with substance use disorders can access hepatitis screening, vaccination, and treatment resources are stressed. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS hepatitis A hepatitis B vaccine hepatitis A vaccine (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics) hepatitis B vaccine (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics) hepatitis C vaccine (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics) recombinant hepatitis B vaccine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hepatitis A (diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy, prevention) hepatitis B (diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy, prevention) hepatitis C (diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy, prevention) substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female health care cost health care quality health education health service hepatitis virus human infection control laboratory test major clinical study male priority journal vaccination DRUG TRADE NAMES engerix b havrix twinrix EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007209140 MEDLINE PMID 17481462 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17481462) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2006.10.004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 591 TITLE Tobacco smoking habits among a complete cross-section of Australian nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Smith D.R. Leggat P.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith D.R., smith@h.jniosh.go.jp) International Center for Research Promotion and Informatics, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan. (Smith D.R., smith@h.jniosh.go.jp; Leggat P.A.) Anton Breinl Center for Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.R. Smith, International Center for Research Promotion and Informatics, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 6-21-1 Nagao, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan. Email: smith@h.jniosh.go.jp SOURCE Nursing and Health Sciences (2007) 9:2 (82-89). Date of Publication: June 2007 ISSN 1441-0745 1442-2018 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT This study was undertaken as a complete cross-sectional survey of tobacco smoking habits among 270 undergraduate students at an Australian nursing school (response rate: 84.6%). An anonymous, self-reporting questionnaire survey was used to gather the data. The overall prevalence of current smoking was 15.9%, with a further 8.5% being ex-smokers. The nursing students consumed an average of 11.5 cigarettes per day, they began smoking at 20.8 years of age, and had an average smoking duration of 7.2 years. The students who had previously worked as a nurse were twice as likely to be current smokers. This study suggests that although tobacco smoking remains fairly common among Australian nursing students, its prevalence and distribution vary according to the individual demographics of the group under study. Future researchers will need to consider the changing demographic base from which the new generation of nursing students are drawn. © 2007 The Authors; Journal Compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing student smoking habit student attitude tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Australia controlled study demography disease duration female health survey human major clinical study male nurse practitioner nursing education onset age prevalence priority journal questionnaire self report smoking EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007216671 MEDLINE PMID 17470180 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17470180) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2018.2007.00306.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 592 TITLE Coping strategies used by adolescents during smoking cessation. AUTHOR NAMES Jannone L. O'Connell K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jannone L.; O'Connell K.A.) Monmouth University, Marjorie K. Unterberg School of Nursing, NJ, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Jannone, Monmouth University, Marjorie K. Unterberg School of Nursing, NJ, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2007) 23:3 (177-184). Date of Publication: Jun 2007 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine coping strategies used by teens as they attempted to quit smoking. The teens were attending a school-based cessation program titled Quit 2 Win that was offered in four high schools. This study examined situations in which teens were tempted to smoke. The study compares coping strategies teens reported in resisting smoking with situations where they reported lapsing. Participants were interviewed the week of their quit date and asked about their state of mind, the availability of cigarettes, and coping strategies used to resist smoking. By identifying coping strategies, school nurses can develop new interventions for teen smoking cessation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior smoking cessation withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article clinical trial female human male multicenter study psychological aspect school health nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17536923 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17536923) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1622/1059-8405(2007)023[0177:CSUBAD]2.0.CO;2 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 593 TITLE Sleep-promoting medications should be used with caution in elderly nursing home residents AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Drugs and Therapy Perspectives (2007) 23:4 (10-13). Date of Publication: 2007 ISSN 1172-0360 BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Elderly persons living in institutions frequently experience difficulty in sleeping. Before considering treatment, any contributory underlying condition needs to be identified and corrected. Short-acting benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines (e.g. zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone and eszopiclone) are commonly used, but are associated with daytime sedation, falls, and cognitive and psychomotor impairment. Antidepressants, antihistamines and antipsychotics are also sometimes used as sleep-promoting agents, but their use is not generally recommended. Nonpharmacological approaches may help, but are often overlooked. © 2007 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction) amitriptyline (adverse drug reaction) antidepressant agent (drug therapy) antihistaminic agent (drug therapy) benzodiazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) beta adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction) central stimulant agent (adverse drug reaction) corticosteroid (adverse drug reaction) decongestive agent (adverse drug reaction) diphenhydramine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction) dopamine receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction) duloxetine (drug therapy) eszopiclone (drug therapy) histamine H2 receptor antagonist (adverse drug reaction) hypnotic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) loprazolam (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) lormetazepam (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) mirtazapine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) noradrenalin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) ramelteon (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacology) serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) temazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) trazodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) unindexed drug venlafaxine (drug therapy) zaleplon (drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) zolpidem (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) zopiclone (drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) sleep disorder (side effect, complication, drug therapy, side effect, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accidental injury (side effect) aging amnesia (side effect) anticholinergic effect ataxia (side effect) blurred vision (side effect) cardiovascular disease (side effect) clinical trial cognitive defect (side effect) confusion (side effect) constipation (side effect) delirium (side effect) depression (drug therapy) diarrhea (side effect) dizziness (side effect) drowsiness (side effect) drug dependence (side effect) drug half life drug mechanism drug withdrawal elderly care environmental factor falling fatigue (side effect) headache (side effect) human insomnia (side effect) lethargy (side effect) meta analysis motor dysfunction (side effect) nausea (side effect) nursing home prescription psychomotor disorder (side effect) recommended drug dose REM sleep review sedation side effect (side effect) sleep pattern slow wave sleep somnolence (side effect) systematic review vertigo (side effect) vomiting (side effect) xerostomia (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) duloxetine (116539-59-4, 136434-34-9) eszopiclone (138729-47-2) loprazolam (61197-73-7) lormetazepam (848-75-9) mirtazapine (61337-67-5) ramelteon (196597-26-9) temazepam (846-50-4) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) zaleplon (151319-34-5) zolpidem (82626-48-0) zopiclone (43200-80-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007195000 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00042310-200723040-00004 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 594 TITLE A formative evaluation to develop a school health nursing early intervention model for adolescent substance use AUTHOR NAMES Pirskanen M. Laukkanen E. Pietilä A.-M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pirskanen M., marjatta.pirskanen@kuopio.fi) Health Promotion, Department of Nursing Science, University of Kuopio, Finland. (Pirskanen M., marjatta.pirskanen@kuopio.fi; Pietilä A.-M.) Kuopio Social and Health Care Centre, Kuopio, Finland. (Laukkanen E.) Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. (Pietilä A.-M.) Department of Nursing Science, University of Kuopio, Finland. (Pirskanen M., marjatta.pirskanen@kuopio.fi) Samoilijantie 20 E, 70200 Kuopio, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Pirskanen, Samoilijantie 20 E, 70200 Kuopio, Finland. Email: marjatta.pirskanen@kuopio.fi SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2007) 24:3 (256-264). Date of Publication: May/June 2007 ISSN 0737-1209 1525-1446 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Objective: To improve an early intervention (EI) triggered by the Adolescents' Substance Use Measurement (ADSUME) as a method to prevent substance abuse among adolescents. We assessed how ADSUME and EI work in practice and how EI could be improved. Design and sample: School health nurses (n = 10) tested ADSUME and EI on 14- to 18-year-old adolescents (n = 228). Six months later, these nurses and their professional partners were invited to assess EI in focus group interviews. Methods: Four focus group interviews involving a total of 24 nurses and partners were implemented. Interview data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results: ADSUME concretized assessment, activated profound dialogue, and proved to be an important part of EI. It was important to assess the adolescent's resources in addition to the ADSUME score. EI worked well in confidential dialogues after the adolescent and the PHN reached a consensus on the level of concern about the adolescent's substance use. The recommended EI enabled individual brief intervention in all four stages of substance use, from abstinence or experimental use to hazardous use. Conclusions: EI was improved practically, and the contents of the intervention were reformulated. It is important to integrate EI with the preventive efforts of the school. © 2007, Blackwell Publishing, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, prevention) child health care model nursing assessment questionnaire school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article cooperation early diagnosis evaluation study Finland health personnel attitude human information processing mass screening needs assessment nurse attitude nurse patient relationship nursing evaluation research nursing methodology research nursing process nursing staff organization and management psychological aspect qualitative research standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17456127 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17456127) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2007.00632.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 595 TITLE Perinatal Care of Women Maintained on Methadone AUTHOR NAMES Goff M. O'Connor M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goff M., meredith.goff@yale.edu; O'Connor M.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2007) 52:3 (e23-e26). Date of Publication: May/June 2007 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT A 2005 national survey found that nearly 4% of pregnant women between the ages of 15 and 44 reported illicit drug use in the previous month. Among pregnant women admitted to substance abuse programs, 15% identified heroin as the primary substance used. Methadone is a recommended treatment for pregnant women wishing to discontinue their use of heroin. Providers of peripartum care may be unaware of the specific needs of this population, which are illustrated in this case discussion. © 2007 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) methadone (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS diamorphine fentanyl citrate (intravenous drug administration) morphine sulfate (intravenous drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heroin dependence (drug therapy) perinatal care pregnancy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult anesthesia level Apgar score article breast feeding case report drug exposure female fetus heart rate gestational age hospital discharge human intravenous anesthesia labor maintenance therapy newborn intensive care obstetric anesthesia prenatal care priority journal respiration depression treatment duration DRUG TRADE NAMES sublimaze , United StatesAkorn DRUG MANUFACTURERS (United States)Akorn CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) fentanyl citrate (990-73-8) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Anesthesiology (24) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007197748 MEDLINE PMID 17467581 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17467581) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.02.009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 596 TITLE Predictors of course satisfaction and perceived course impact of addiction nurses undertaking a postgraduate diploma in addictive behaviour AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Oyefeso A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H., grassool@sgul.ac.uk) Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP-USP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. (Rassool G.H., grassool@sgul.ac.uk) Federal Universidade de Minas Gerais, Brazil. (Oyefeso A.) Department of Mental Health, Addiction Section, St. George University of London, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, EERP-USP, Ribeirâo Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Email: grassool@sgul.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2007) 27:3 (256-265). Date of Publication: April 2007 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT The effectiveness and impact of continuing education for specialist nurses working with drug and alcohol had been poorly documented and the purpose of this study was to enhance our understanding of this process. The aims of the study were to identify predictors of course satisfaction and perceived course impact and to examine students' satisfaction with modules' learning outcomes and their applications to practice. This study was a cross-sectional survey of 46 part-time students enrolled a Postgraduate Diploma in Addictive Behaviour. Three instruments were used to measure modules' satisfaction, post-course satisfaction (PCSQ-18) and on-the-job impact (CIQ-17). The findings provided some support on the effect and impact of an educational programme on the practice development of addiction nurses. Within the multilayered hypothesis, the results indicate that expectations on the Health Education and Prevention Module were the only significant predictor of course satisfaction and Expectation of the Special Population Module was the only significant predictor of course impact on professional practice. Clinical placements have had a significant impact on professional practice of addiction nurses. Further evaluative studies need to be undertaken to examine the impact of educational programmes on its applications to clinical practice and the quality of care provided. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nurse nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health clinical competence cross-sectional study education evaluation study female health care quality health service human male nursing nursing methodology research organization and management outcome assessment psychological aspect questionnaire self evaluation statistical model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16831495 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16831495) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.05.005 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 597 TITLE Parenting skills and family support programs for drug-abusing mothers AUTHOR NAMES Kumpfer K.L. Fowler M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kumpfer K.L., kkumfer@xmission.com) Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. (Fowler M.A., sunflowerfowler@hotmail.com) College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.L. Kumpfer, Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. Email: kkumfer@xmission.com SOURCE Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (2007) 12:2 (134-142). Date of Publication: April 2007 Drug Abuse in Pregnancy and Effects on the Newborn, Book Series Title: ISSN 1744-165X BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders Ltd, 32 Jamestown Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Children born to drug-using mothers can suffer from fetal alcohol or drug syndrome (FAS/FDS) or fetal alcohol or drug effect (FAE/FDE). Such children have a greater likelihood of developing acute or chronic physical, cognitive and behavioral problems. In-utero exposure to tobacco, alcohol or drugs impact on the developing fetus and, after birth, the family environment and family system exert effects on the infants and children of substance-abusing parents. Evidence-based prevention and maternal drug treatment programs focus on enhancing parental childcaring abilities, supporting parent-child attachment and encouraging family support systems to improve children's health and cognitive outcomes. FAS/FDS prevention programs, as well as selective and indicated prenatal and postnatal interventions, can improve the support given both to mother and to child, and evidence-based, in-home parenting and family-skills-training approaches are particularly useful. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) family counseling fetal alcohol syndrome (epidemiology, prevention) parenting education withdrawal syndrome (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adoption article behavior disorder child abuse child health care child parent relation childhood cognition cognitive defect developmental disorder drug abuse drug effect emotional attachment environmental factor evidence based medicine evidence based practice family attitude family interaction fetus development foster care health program high risk pregnancy home care human Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention) infection prevention maternal behavior nursing care physical disease postnatal care prenatal care prenatal drug exposure prenatal exposure prevalence prophylaxis socioeconomics substance abuse tobacco training CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007122609 MEDLINE PMID 17327147 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17327147) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.siny.2007.01.003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 598 TITLE Inappropriate prescribing in the elderly AUTHOR NAMES Gallagher P. Barry P. O'Mahony D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gallagher P.; Barry P.; O'Mahony D., omahoney@shb.ie) Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. O'Mahony, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland. Email: omahoney@shb.ie SOURCE Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (2007) 32:2 (113-121). Date of Publication: April 2007 ISSN 0269-4727 1365-2710 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background and objective: Drug therapy is necessary to treat acute illness, maintain current health and prevent further decline. However, optimizing drug therapy for older patients is challenging and sometimes, drug therapy can do more harm than good. Drug utilization review tools can highlight instances of potentially inappropriate prescribing to those involved in elderly pharmacotherapy, i.e. doctors, nurses and pharmacists. We aim to provide a review of the literature on potentially inappropriate prescribing in the elderly and also to review the explicit criteria that have been designed to detect potentially inappropriate prescribing in the elderly. Methods: We performed an electronic search of the PUBMED database for articles published between 1991 and 2006 and a manual search through major journals for articles referenced in those located through PUBMED. Search terms were elderly, inappropriate prescribing, prescriptions, prevalence, Beers criteria, health outcomes and Europe. Results and discussion: Prescription of potentially inappropriate medications to older people is highly prevalent in the United States and Europe, ranging from 12% in community-dwelling elderly to 40% in nursing home residents. Inappropriate prescribing is associated with adverse drug events. Limited data exists on health outcomes from use of inappropriate medications. There are no prospective randomized controlled studies that test the tangible clinical benefit to patients of using drug utilization review tools. Existing drug utilization review tools have been designed on the basis of North American and Canadian drug formularies and may not be appropriate for use in European countries because of the differences in national drug formularies and prescribing attitudes. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of inappropriate prescribing despite the widespread use of drug-utilization review tools, prospective randomized controlled trials are necessary to identify useful interventions. Drug utilization review tools should be designed on the basis of a country's national drug formulary and should be evidence based. © 2007 The authors. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amiodarone amitriptyline (drug therapy) antihypertensive agent benzodiazepine derivative (pharmacokinetics) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (pharmacokinetics) chlordiazepoxide (drug therapy) cimetidine dextropropoxyphene digoxin (drug concentration, pharmacokinetics) dipyridamole doxazosin levodopa (drug therapy) lithium (drug concentration, pharmacokinetics) methyldopa neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction) nitrate (pharmacokinetics) nitrofurantoin nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent oral antidiabetic agent phenytoin (drug concentration) promethazine propranolol psychotropic agent theophylline (drug concentration) tricyclic antidepressant agent (pharmacokinetics) warfarin (drug concentration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical practice geriatric care prescribed burning EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged drug blood level drug distribution drug formulary drug marketing drug metabolism drug response drug use drug utilization first pass effect health care policy hospital admission hospitalization human low drug dose neuropathic pain (drug therapy) nursing home parkinsonism (drug therapy, side effect) patient compliance polypharmacy review treatment outcome withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) dipyridamole (58-32-2) doxazosin (74191-85-8) levodopa (59-92-7) lithium (7439-93-2) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) nitrate (14797-55-8) nitrofurantoin (54-87-5, 67-20-9) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7) propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6) theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9) warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007146517 MEDLINE PMID 17381661 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17381661) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2007.00793.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 599 TITLE Adolescents coping with mood disorder: A grounded theory study AUTHOR NAMES Meadus R.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Meadus R.J., meadusr@mun.ca) School of Nursing, Memorial University, St. John's, Nfld., Canada. (Meadus R.J., meadusr@mun.ca) School of Nursing, Memorial University, St. John's, Nfld. A1B 3V6, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.J. Meadus, School of Nursing, Memorial University, St. John's, Nfld. A1B 3V6, Canada. Email: meadusr@mun.ca SOURCE Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing (2007) 14:2 (209-217). Date of Publication: April 2007 ISSN 1351-0126 1365-2850 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT A grounded theory methodology was used to explore the phenomenon of coping as experienced by adolescents with a mood disorder. Mood disorders among children and adolescents are more persistent than previously thought and have numerous negative associated features, including further episodes of depression, impaired social, academic and vocational relationships, use of alcohol and other drugs, and an increased risk of suicide. Current literature offered little awareness of how adolescents cope with a mood disorder, as well as their perspective of how such an illness impacts their lives. A substantive theory regarding the process of coping for adolescents with a mood disorder was generated from the data collected from one male and eight female adolescents. Using grounded theory coding procedures, a four-phase coping theory identified by the categories feeling different, cutting off connections, facing the challenge/reconnecting, and learning from the experience was developed. The core category identified in this research was An Unplanned Journey: Coping Through Connections. Implications identified for nursing practice, research and education included greater attention on the prevention of adolescent mood disorder, and the education of adolescents about the development and enhancement of healthy coping skills. © 2007 The Author. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior attitude to health child behavior child psychology mood disorder (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (etiology) adolescent article cost of illness female health service human human relation life event male methodology nursing methodology research psychiatric nursing psychological aspect psychological theory questionnaire self care sex difference social support socialization suicide LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17352785 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17352785) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2007.01067.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 600 TITLE Prevalence and predictors of osteoporosis treatment in nursing home residents with known osteoporosis or recent fracture AUTHOR NAMES Colón-Emeric C. Lyles K.W. Levine D.A. House P. Schenck A. Gorospe J. Fermazin M. Oliver K. Alison J. Weisman N. Xie A. Curtis J.R. Saag K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Colón-Emeric C., colon001@mc.duke.edu; Lyles K.W.) Duke University Center for Aging and Human Development, Durham VA GRECC, Erwin Rd, Durham, NC 27710, United States. (Levine D.A.; Oliver K.; Alison J.; Weisman N.; Xie A.; Curtis J.R.; Saag K.) Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERTs) of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States. (House P.; Schenck A.; Gorospe J.) Carolinas Center for Medical Excellence, Cary, NC, United States. (Fermazin M.) Health Services Advisory Group, Phoenix, AZ, United States. (Colón-Emeric C., colon001@mc.duke.edu) Duke University Medical Center, P.O. Box 3003, Durham, NC 27710, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Colón-Emeric, Duke University Medical Center, P.O. Box 3003, Durham, NC 27710, United States. Email: colon001@mc.duke.edu SOURCE Osteoporosis International (2007) 18:4 (553-559). Date of Publication: April 2007 ISSN 0937-941X 1433-2965 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Springer London Ltd, The Guildway, Old Portsmouth Road, Artington, Guildford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Summary: We studied nursing home residents with osteoporosis or recent fracture to determine the frequency and predictors of osteoporosis treatment. There was wide variation in performance, and both clinical and systems variables predicted use. This study shows that improvement in osteoporosis care is possible and important for many nursing homes. Introduction: We determined the prevalence and predictors of osteoporosis evaluation and treatment in high-risk nursing home residents. Methods: We identified 67 nursing facilities in North Carolina and Arizona with > 10 residents with osteoporosis or recent hip fracture. Medical records (n=895) were abstracted for osteoporosis evaluation [dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), vitamin D level, serum calcium), treatment (calcium, vitamin D, osteoporosis medication, hip protectors), clinical, and systems covariates. Data were analyzed at the facility level using mixed models to account for the complex nesting of residents within providers and nursing facilities. Results: Calcium and vitamin D was prescribed for 69% of residents, bisphosphonates for 19%, calcitonin for 14%, other pharmacologic therapies for 6%, and hip protectors for 2%. Overall, 36% received any bone protection (medication or hip protectors), with wide variation among facilities (0-85%). Factors significantly associated with any bone protection included female gender [odds ratio (OR) 2.4, (1.5-3.7)] and nonurban/suburban location [1.5, (1.1-2.2)]. Residents with esophagitis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), or dysphagia [0.6, (0.4-0.9)] and alcohol abuse [0.2, (0.0-0.9)] were less likely to receive treatment. Conclusions: There is substantial variation in the quality of osteoporosis treatment across nursing homes. Interventions that improve osteoporosis quality of care are needed. © 2006 International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS bisphosphonic acid derivative calcitonin calcium (endogenous compound) vitamin D EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) osteoporosis (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcohol abuse article calcium blood level dual energy X ray absorptiometry dysphagia esophagitis female fracture health care quality hip fracture human medical record nursing home peptic ulcer prediction prevalence priority journal qualitative analysis risk assessment urban area vitamin blood level CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS calcitonin (12321-44-7, 21215-62-3, 9007-12-9) calcium (7440-70-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Orthopedic Surgery (33) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007117302 MEDLINE PMID 17120179 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17120179) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-006-0260-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 601 TITLE Use of laxatives among older nursing home residents in Helsinki, Finland AUTHOR NAMES Hosia-Randell H. Suominen M. Muurinen S. Pitkälä K.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hosia-Randell H.) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. (Suominen M.) Central Union for the Welfare of the Aged, Helsinki, Finland. (Muurinen S.) Social Services Department, Housing and Institutional Care Services for the Elderly, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. (Pitkälä K.H.) Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University Hospital of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. (Hosia-Randell H.) Department of Public Health, 00014 University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, Helsinki, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Hosia-Randell, Department of Public Health, 00014 University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 41, Helsinki, Finland. SOURCE Drugs and Aging (2007) 24:2 (147-154). Date of Publication: 2007 ISSN 1170-229X BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Background and objective: Constipation and, as a consequence, the use of laxatives are common among frail older people. The causes of and factors associated with laxative use, however, have undergone surprisingly little study. The objectives of our study were to (i) assess the prevalence of regularly administered laxatives, (ii) identify factors associated with regular use of laxatives, and (iii) determine which drug classes or medications are associated with regular laxative use in an older nursing home population in Helsinki. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional assessment of all long-term nursing home residents aged ≥65 years in Helsinki, Finland. In February 2003, the health status of these residents was assessed and data on their demographic characteristics, health and medication use were collected from medical charts. Results: Of all nursing home residents in Helsinki, 82% (n = 1987, mean age 83.7 years) participated in the study. Of all residents, 55.3% received laxatives regularly. Factors associated with regular laxative use in univariate analysis included age >80 years, stroke, Parkinson's disease, inability to move independently, poor Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score (<17), fluid intake less than five glasses per day, and chewing problems. Drugs associated with laxative use included opioids, antacids, diuretics, tricyclic antidepressants, lipid-lowering drugs other than HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), histamine H(2) receptor antagonists, nonselective NSAIDs, anticholinergic drugs for urine incontinence, and calcium channel antagonists other than verapamil and nifedipine. In logistic regression analysis, age >80 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.29; 95% CI 1.03, 1.60), inability to move independently (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.42, 2.28), poor MNA score (<17) [OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.19, 1.93], chewing problems (OR 1.27; CI 95% 1.00, 1.61), Parkinson's disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.01, 2.64), and concomitant use of a high number (>7) of drugs other than laxatives and constipation-inducing drugs found in univariate analysis (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.03, 1.09) were associated with use of laxatives. Having snacks between meals (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.60, 0.90) was associated with lower risk of laxative use. Conclusions: Regular laxative use in older nursing home residents in Helsinki is very common. Offering snacks between meals and regular evaluation of medication use may influence laxative use. © 2007 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) laxative EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetazolamide (adverse drug reaction) acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction) antacid agent (adverse drug reaction) anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction) antiparkinson agent (adverse drug reaction) anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction) atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction) baclofen (adverse drug reaction) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction) bisphosphonic acid derivative (adverse drug reaction) calcium (adverse drug reaction) calcium channel blocking agent (adverse drug reaction) cholinergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction) histamine H2 receptor antagonist (adverse drug reaction) hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) iron (adverse drug reaction) nifedipine (adverse drug reaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction) opiate (adverse drug reaction) paracetamol (adverse drug reaction) proton pump inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction) verapamil (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home patient EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article cerebrovascular accident confidence interval constipation (side effect) controlled study drug use female Finland fluid intake health status human logistic regression analysis major clinical study male mastication medical record Parkinson disease prevalence priority journal risk scoring system univariate analysis urine incontinence (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetazolamide (1424-27-7, 59-66-5) acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) baclofen (1134-47-0) calcium (7440-70-2) iron (14093-02-8, 53858-86-9, 7439-89-6) nifedipine (21829-25-4) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) paracetamol (103-90-2) verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007108042 MEDLINE PMID 17313202 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17313202) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200724020-00006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 602 TITLE Smoking too young: students' decisions about tobacco use. AUTHOR NAMES Hayes E.R. Plowfield L.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hayes E.R.; Plowfield L.A.) School of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.R. Hayes, School of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, USA. Email: erhayes@udel.edu SOURCE MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing (2007) 32:2 (112-116). Date of Publication: 2007 Mar-Apr ISSN 0361-929X ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To describe college students' decisions related to tobacco use. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A sample of 49 smokers and 51 nonsmokers were asked about the smoking continuum of starting smoking, continuing to smoke, and tobacco cessation. An investigator-developed questionnaire was used to determine tobacco use and whether prevention and cessation messages were perceived as effective. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Peer pressure was the greatest influencing factor for beginning to smoke, and health was the major reason for not beginning to smoke. Addiction and stress maintained smoking. Both smokers and nonsmokers identified cessation strategies. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Every interaction with youth is another opportunity to assess smoking status. Recommendations from teens for cessation programs identified in this study may be more attractive to teens and young adults than the current standards related to strategies for adults. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health decision making smoking (prevention) student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article case control study child behavior female health behavior health service human male mass medium motivation nurse attitude nursing assessment nursing methodology research peer group psychological aspect qualitative research smoking cessation statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17356418 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17356418) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 603 TITLE Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Understanding the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and supporting students AUTHOR NAMES Green J.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Green J.H., greenjh@muohio.edu) Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.H. Green, Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States. Email: greenjh@muohio.edu SOURCE Journal of School Health (2007) 77:3 (103-108). Date of Publication: March 2007 ISSN 0022-4391 1746-1561 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) affect a significant number of children in this country. This article addresses diagnostic issues related to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other alcohol-related disabilities, discusses associated features and behaviors of FASD, and introduces interventions to support children with FASD in school settings. Methods: A comprehensive review of FAS and FASD literature as it relates to school functioning was conducted. Results: Prenatal alcohol exposure can result in a broad range of negative developmental consequences, including deficits in cognitive and academic functioning, psychological disorders, behavioral problems, and difficulties with independent living. Children with prenatal alcohol exposure are at risk for a spectrum of difficulties at school. Conclusions: This topic is of considerable relevance to all professionals in a school setting, including teachers, administrators, school psychologists, special education providers, special service providers, and school nurses who interact with children who may be prenatally exposed to alcohol. Successful interventions will need to balance the use of environmental modifications, immediate and meaningful positive and negative consequences for behaviors, and opportunities to teach children skills to monitor and modify their behavior. © 2007, American School Health Association. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) behavior disorder (rehabilitation) fetal alcohol syndrome (diagnosis) learning disorder (rehabilitation) school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS chemically induced disorder child congenital malformation (rehabilitation) early childhood intervention early diagnosis education female human pathophysiology pregnancy psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17302851 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17302851) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2007.00178.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 604 TITLE Health at school: A hidden health care system emerges from the shadows AUTHOR NAMES Lear J.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lear J.G., jgl@gwu.edu) Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. (Lear J.G., jgl@gwu.edu) Center for Health and Health Care in Schools, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.G. Lear, Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States. Email: jgl@gwu.edu SOURCE Health Affairs (2007) 26:2 (409-419). Date of Publication: March/April 2007 ISSN 0278-2715 0278-2715 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Project HOPE ABSTRACT A vast array of child health professionals - 99,000 counselors; 56,000 nurses; 30,000 school psychologists; 15,000 social workers; and smaller numbers of dental hygienists, dentists, physicians, and substance abuse counselors - provide care to children and adolescents at school. However, most thought leaders in child health know little about this "hidden" system of care or are skeptical about its capacity to contribute to children's well-being. Increased interest in prevention and chronic disease management, powered by escalating concern about childhood overweight, might end the isolation of school health programs and link them more effectively to community-based prevention programs and health care services. ©2007 Project HOPE-The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child welfare community care school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child child health care cost benefit analysis female forecasting health care delivery health care policy health education human male management needs assessment organization and management preschool child standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17339668 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17339668) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.26.2.409 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 605 TITLE Establishing a culture for patient safety - The role of education AUTHOR NAMES Milligan F.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Milligan F.J., frank.milligan@luton.ac.uk) Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Luton, Britannia Road, Bedford, MK42 9DJ, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.J. Milligan, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Luton, Britannia Road, Bedford, MK42 9DJ, United Kingdom. Email: frank.milligan@luton.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2007) 27:2 (95-102). Date of Publication: February 2007 ISSN 0260-6917 1532-2793 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT This paper argues that the process of making significant moves towards a patient safety culture requires changes in healthcare education. Improvements in patient safety are a shared international priority as too many errors and other forms of unnecessary harm are currently occurring in the process of caring for and treating patients. A description of the patient safety agenda is given followed by a brief analysis of human factors theory and its use in other safety critical industries, most notably aviation. The all too common problem of drug administration errors is used to illustrate the relevance of human factors theory to healthcare education with specific mention made of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical error (prevention) nursing education patient care safety EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health bioengineering curriculum health personnel attitude health service human interpersonal communication national health service nursing nursing student organization organization and management psychological aspect public relations total quality management treatment outcome United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16713030 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16713030) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.03.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 606 TITLE Alcohol use and anxiety: Diagnostic and management issues AUTHOR NAMES Brady K.T. Tolliver B.K. Verduin M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brady K.T., bradyk@musc.edu; Tolliver B.K.; Verduin M.L.) Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States. (Brady K.T., bradyk@musc.edu) Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.T. Brady, Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry, 67 President St., Charleston, SC 29425, United States. Email: bradyk@musc.edu SOURCE American Journal of Psychiatry (2007) 164:2 (217-221). Date of Publication: February 2007 ISSN 0002-953X BOOK PUBLISHER American Psychiatric Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825, Arlington, United States. ABSTRACT "Ms. M" is a 40-year-old Caucasian female who presents with complaints of anxiety and sleep disturbance. She recently went through a difficult divorce after 14 years of marriage, and she has two children, ages 8 and 10. She was trained as a nurse and had stopped working when her first child was born, but she is now working as a school nurse. She reports feeling anxious about everything, including financial issues, the well-being of her children, and her competence at work. She has a great deal of difficulty falling asleep. Approximately 3 months ago, she began to drink wine at night to help her sleep. She has gradually increased her drinking and is currently drinking 2-3 glasses of wine (4 ounces each) per night on average, but on several nights within the past month she drank a 32-ounce bottle of wine by herself. Her father was an alcoholic, and she worries about her drinking. She reports binge drinking during adolescence and in college and recalls having one "blackout." After she met her husband 18 years ago, her drinking decreased considerably because he drank alcohol only occasionally and disapproved of her drinking. They kept little alcohol in the house and she drank only socially. She says that since childhood she has felt extremely anxious in social settings and that drinking alcohol always helped to "take the edge off." She has several close friends and is involved in her church community. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acamprosate (drug therapy) benzodiazepine (drug therapy) buspirone (clinical trial, drug therapy) disulfiram (drug therapy) escitalopram (drug therapy) naltrexone (drug therapy, pharmacology) placebo serotonin uptake inhibitor (clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (drug therapy, therapy) anxiety disorder (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol withdrawal (drug therapy) anxiety article behavior therapy clinical trial cognitive therapy comorbidity controlled clinical trial drug mechanism dysthymia experimental model generalized anxiety disorder human neurotransmission nonhuman obsessive compulsive disorder patient assessment priority journal psychotherapy randomized controlled trial risk assessment social phobia (drug therapy) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acamprosate (77337-73-6) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7) disulfiram (97-77-8) escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2) naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007105808 MEDLINE PMID 17267782 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17267782) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.164.2.217 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 607 TITLE Academic health center management of chronic diseases through knowledge networks: Project ECHO AUTHOR NAMES Arora S. Geppert C.M.A. Kalishman S. Dion D. Pullara F. Bjeletich B. Simpson G. Alverson D.C. Moore L.B. Kuhl D. Scaletti J.V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arora S., SArora@salud.unm.edu) Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States. (Geppert C.M.A.) Psychiatry and Ethics, New Mexico Veterans Affairs Health Care System, . (Geppert C.M.A.) Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States. (Kalishman S.; Dion D.) Office of Program Evaluation, Education and Research, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States. (Pullara F.) New Mexico Corrections Department, Santa Fe, NM, United States. (Bjeletich B.) Health Centers of Northern New Mexico, Espanola, NM, United States. (Simpson G.) Infectious Diseases, New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, NM, United States. (Alverson D.C.) Department of Pediatrics and Regents', Center for Telehealth and Cybermedicine Research, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States. (Moore L.B.; Kuhl D.) Indian Health Service, Santa Fe, NM, United States. (Scaletti J.V.) University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States. (Arora S., SArora@salud.unm.edu) MSC10 5550, Ambulatory Care Center, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Arora, MSC10 5550, Ambulatory Care Center, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, United States. Email: SArora@salud.unm.edu SOURCE Academic Medicine (2007) 82:2 (154-160). Date of Publication: February 2007 ISSN 1040-2446 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT The authors describe an innovative academic health center (AHC)-led program of health care delivery and clinical education for the management of complex, common, and chronic diseases in underserved areas, using hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a model. The program, based at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine, represents a paradigm shift in thinking and funding for the threefold mission of AHCs, moving from traditional fee-for-service models to public health funding of knowledge networks. This program, Project Extension for Community Health care Outcomes (ECHO), involves a partnership of academic medicine, public health offices, corrections departments, and rural community clinics dedicated to providing best practices and protocol-driven health care in rural areas. Telemedicine and Internet connections enable specialists in the program to comanage patients with complex diseases, using case-based knowledge networks and learning loops. Project ECHO partners (nurse practitioners, primary care physicians, physician assistants, and pharmacists) present HCV-positive patients during weekly two-hour telemedicine clinics using a standardized, case-based format that includes discussion of history, physical examination, test results, treatment complications, and psychiatric, medical, and substance abuse issues. In these case-based learning clinics, partners rapidly gain deep domain expertise in HCV as they collaborate with university specialists in hepatology, infectious disease, psychiatry, and substance abuse in comanaging their patients. Systematic monitoring of treatment outcomes is an integral aspect of the project. The authors believe this methodology will be generalizable to other complex and chronic conditions in a wide variety of underserved areas to improve disease outcomes, and it offers an opportunity for AHCs to enhance and expand their traditional mission of teaching, patient care, and research. © 2007 Association of American Medical Colleges. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic disease (disease management) health care management health center network learning EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical education education program funding health care delivery hepatitis C Internet medical research medical specialist nurse practitioner patient care pharmacist physical examination physician physician assistant priority journal psychiatry public health public health service rural health care substance abuse teaching telemedicine treatment outcome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007067161 MEDLINE PMID 17264693 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17264693) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31802d8f68 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 608 TITLE The influence of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) on inappropriate prescribing in Australian nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES King M.A. Roberts M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (King M.A., michelle.king@abdn.ac.uk) Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Health Centre, Westburn Road, Aberdeen, AB25 2AY, United Kingdom. (Roberts M.S.) Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. King, Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Health Centre, Westburn Road, Aberdeen, AB25 2AY, United Kingdom. Email: michelle.king@abdn.ac.uk SOURCE Pharmacy World and Science (2007) 29:1 (39-42). Date of Publication: February 2007 ISSN 0928-1231 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing, defined by applying modified Beers' criteria, and to examine the influence of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), Australia's national scheme for subsidising medicines, on inappropriate prescribing. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of nursing home records, including 7-days data from medication charts. Setting: Fiveteen randomly selected nursing homes (998 residents) in Southeast Queensland and Northern New South Wales, Australia. Main outcome measures: The prevalence of inappropriate prescribing as defined by modified Beers' criteria and its correlation with PBS restrictions. Results: 18.5% of residents were ordered one or more inappropriate medications, and 1.5% of residents were ordered two or more. The level of PBS restriction and the percentage of residents ordered a medication were highly correlated (ρ = -0.87, P<0.001). Medications in Beers' criteria that were not listed (subsidised) on the PBS were not ordered for any resident. PBS medicines with subsidies restricted to certain populations or indications were ordered for 0% to 0.1% of residents. Dextropropoxyphene, diazepam, amitriptyline and methyldopa were the only medications in Beers' criteria prescribed to more than 0.5% of residents. Dextropropoxyphene was only subsidised for war veterans, with a caution warning of its potential to cause drug dependence, while diazepam, amitriptyline and methyldopa were listed on the PBS without any subsidy restrictions. Conclusion: Increases in the level of PBS restriction were associated with decreases in the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing, The targeting of drug subsidies to reduce inappropriate prescribing warrants further investigation. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amitriptyline (pharmacoeconomics) carisoprodol (pharmacoeconomics) chlordiazepoxide (pharmacoeconomics) chlorpropamide (pharmacoeconomics) cyclandelate (pharmacoeconomics) cyclobenzaprine (pharmacoeconomics) dextropropoxyphene (pharmacoeconomics) diazepam (pharmacoeconomics) dipyridamole (pharmacoeconomics) flurazepam (pharmacoeconomics) indometacin (pharmacoeconomics) isoxsuprine (pharmacoeconomics) meprobamate (pharmacoeconomics) methocarbamol (pharmacoeconomics) methyldopa (pharmacoeconomics) orphenadrine citrate (pharmacoeconomics) pentazocine (pharmacoeconomics) pentobarbital (pharmacoeconomics) phenylbutazone (pharmacoeconomics) propranolol (pharmacoeconomics) reserpine (pharmacoeconomics) secobarbital (pharmacoeconomics) trimethobenzamide (pharmacoeconomics) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) geriatric care prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article Australia controlled study correlation analysis cost benefit analysis drug dependence drug indication drug information female human male medical record review nursing home patient prevalence randomization residential home veteran CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) carisoprodol (78-44-4) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) chlorpropamide (94-20-2) cyclandelate (456-59-7) cyclobenzaprine (303-53-7, 6202-23-9) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) diazepam (439-14-5) dipyridamole (58-32-2) flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1) indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1) isoxsuprine (395-28-8, 579-56-6) meprobamate (57-53-4) methocarbamol (532-03-6) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) orphenadrine citrate (4682-36-4) pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3) pentobarbital (57-33-0, 76-74-4) phenylbutazone (129-18-0, 50-33-9, 8054-70-4) propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6) reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4) secobarbital (309-43-3, 76-73-3) trimethobenzamide (138-56-7, 554-92-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007100958 MEDLINE PMID 17268937 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17268937) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-005-5618-9 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 609 TITLE Part 3: Nurses' guide to alcohol and promoting healthy lifestyle changes. AUTHOR NAMES Harrington-Dobinson A. Blows W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harrington-Dobinson A.; Blows W.) St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, City University, London. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Harrington-Dobinson, St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, City University, London. SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2007) 16:2 (106-108, 110). Date of Publication: 2007 Jan 25-Feb 7 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT In this the third and final part, the focus is on the support and care of patients who are working towards a solution for their drink problem. While a number of treatment regimens exist for the management of alcohol abuse and there are well established groups to assist patients and their families, this article concentrates on three critical themes. The first concerns the promotion of insight. Only when the drink problem is understood by patients, carers and professionals alike, and shared in common terms, can rehabilitation begin to work. The second concerns communication channels. The propensity of some patients to deny their problem, or to lapse from therapy, makes communication especially challenging. While some patients are helped to overcome the risk of lapsing by being segregated from their usual community for some time (the clinic approach), many less well-resourced patients must tackle this problem from home and with the help of community-based practitioners. Finally, the interplay of treatment (detoxification) and psychological support is discussed, arguing that the nurse has an important part to play in motivating patients and helping them to solve problems as they arise. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation) health promotion lifestyle nurse attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health case management human interpersonal communication methodology motivation nurse patient relationship nursing assessment organization and management patient care patient care planning patient education patient referral problem solving psychological aspect review self care social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17353821 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17353821) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 610 TITLE Role development and career stages in addiction nursing: An exploratory study AUTHOR NAMES Clancy C. Oyefeso A. Ghodse H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clancy C., c.clancy@mdx.ac.uk) School of Health and Social Sciences, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom. (Oyefeso A.) Department of Mental Health, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom. (Ghodse H.) International Centre for Drug Policy, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Clancy, School of Health and Social Sciences, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom. Email: c.clancy@mdx.ac.uk SOURCE Journal of Advanced Nursing (2007) 57:2 (161-171). Date of Publication: January 2007 ISSN 0309-2402 1365-2648 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Aim. This paper reports a study to explore factors influencing recruitment and retention in addiction nursing, and the stages and features of role acquisition and personal qualities important to that role. Background. Specialist addiction nurses engage in a number of roles in the care of individuals with problematic use of psychoactive substances. These include assessment, outreach, prescribing, counselling, and harm reduction. In a climate of increasing demand for specialist substance misuse workers, and a trend to identify key occupational competencies, there is a need for a framework in which career progression can be supported. Studies exploring the roles of addiction nurses are minimal, and there is less comment on how these roles are developed in the context of career stages. Method. A qualitative study using focus groups was undertaken with specialist addiction nurses between March and June 2004. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Burnard's six content analysis stages. Findings. Positive factors identified as influencing recruitment and retention included: prior knowledge of the working environment (as a nursing student), opportunities for autonomous practice, the client profile, and associated treatment philosophy and care approach. There was consensus that nurses choosing to work in the field of addiction needed, in addition to being non-judgmental, personal qualities including hardiness, patience and tolerance. Five role development stages, with a set of descriptors, were identified: encounter, engagement, stabilization, competency and mastery. Conclusion. Identification of these five role development stages for addiction nurses offers employers, nurse managers, educators and addiction nurses a starting point from which specific occupational competencies can be further explored. In addition, continuing professional development needs can be mapped to specific role development stages. Employers and nurse managers may wish to offer increased learning opportunities to student nurses to gain work experience within specialist addiction units. © 2007 The Authors. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nurse attitude nursing staff personnel management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article education female human information processing male nursing nursing education organization and management psychological aspect standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17214752 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17214752) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04088.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 611 TITLE Tobacco training and educating primary care professionals in Bahrain AUTHOR NAMES Fadhil I. Al Musawi M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fadhil I.) Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain. (Al Musawi M.) Diseases Control Section, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Bahrain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Fadhil, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain. SOURCE Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society (2007) 19:1 (23-27). Date of Publication: January 2007 ISSN 1015-6321 BOOK PUBLISHER Bahrain Medical Society, P.O. Box 26136, Manama, Bahrain. ABSTRACT Tobacco use has been well identified as the primary preventable cause of premature deaths and disability, yet results from previous surveys shows that educational curriculum of health professionals don't address this topic adequately. Objectives: to assess primary care professionals knowledge, perception and attitude related to selected tobacco use and effect items. Method : responses to self administered questionnaire by primary care professionals. Results: Hundred fifty primary care professionals participated in the study, 24.7% of them are current smokers and 10% ex-smokers. Inadequacy in tobacco education curriculum was noted . In particular for nature of tobacco use addiction and management of tobacco dependence . Only 12% of local graduate and 16% of overseas graduate professionals had received formal training on smoking cessation interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) continuing education health care personnel professional knowledge smoking tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health controlled study female general practitioner health education human human experiment lifestyle male normal human nurse physician physician attitude questionnaire smoking cessation social worker EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Arabic EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008238923 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 612 TITLE Implementation of computerized alcohol screening and advice in an emergency department - a nursing staff perspective AUTHOR NAMES Bendtsen P. Holmqvist M. Johansson K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bendtsen P., prebe@ihs.liu.se; Holmqvist M.; Johansson K.) Department of Health and Society, Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Bendtsen, Department of Health and Society, Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. Email: prebe@ihs.liu.se SOURCE Accident and Emergency Nursing (2007) 15:1 (3-9). Date of Publication: January 2007 ISSN 0965-2302 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT Changes in attitudes towards alcohol prevention among nursing staff are evaluated after implementing an opportunistic computerized alcohol screening and intervention (e-SBI) at an emergency department. After having assessed the patients in the triage room the nurses asked patients to perform the e-SBI on a touch screen computer. Before the start of the project more than 60% of the nurses expected the patients to react negatively when asked about their alcohol habits. After one year of screening only 10% reported experience of negative reactions from the patients. More than 50% of the nurses found it easy or very easy to ask the patients to perform the e-SBI and more than 75% of the nurses agreed that the e-SBI did not affect their workload. The proportion of nurses who considered alcohol prevention to be part of their duties at the emergency department did not change (40%) after implementing the e-SBI. During the two-year study period, 1982 patients completed the e-SBI which constituted 10-20% of all patients between 16 and 70 years of age attending the department for a sub critical condition. The e-SBI seems to have better potential than ordinary alcohol screening and intervention for implementation into routine emergency departments due to its simplicity and low time consumption. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, prevention) computer assisted diagnosis health personnel attitude nursing staff patient education teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article attitude to health clinical competence education emergency health service emergency nursing female human male mass screening methodology middle aged nursing nursing assessment nursing evaluation research nursing methodology research organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire self concept standard Sweden university hospital workload LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17113773 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17113773) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aaen.2006.09.004 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 613 TITLE College students' perspective on smoking cessation: "If the message doesn't speak to me, I don't hear it" AUTHOR NAMES Staten R.R. Ridner S.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Staten R.R., rrstat00@pop.uky.edu) College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States. (Ridner S.L.) School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. (Staten R.R., rrstat00@pop.uky.edu) 525 HSLC-College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0232, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.R. Staten, 525 HSLC-College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0232, United States. Email: rrstat00@pop.uky.edu SOURCE Issues in Mental Health Nursing (2007) 28:1 (101-115). Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2007 ISSN 0161-2840 1096-4673 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Ltd. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to document the smoking cessation experiences of three groups of 18-24-year-old college students and explore their ideas for cessation. Focus group interviews were conducted with former smokers (n = 7), smokers struggling to quit (n = 7), and smokers with no desire to quit (n = 5). Participants indicated a need for smoking cessation programs that would help the students understand the immediate physiological impact of smoking, addictive nature of nicotine, and benefits of using nicotine replacement therapy. They believed emotional and cognitive strategies for coping with cravings and environmental cues to smoking should be included in smoking cessation programs. Students indicated that cost and convenience were important considerations for smoking cessation programs. They stated that the media messages were for teens and older adults and did not relate to them as college students or young adults. Copyright © Informa Healthcare. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health smoking cessation student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adolescent adult article child behavior child psychology economics female health service human information processing male mass medium methodology motivation nursing methodology research patient education peer group psychological aspect qualitative research questionnaire smoking (epidemiology, prevention) United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17130010 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17130010) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840600997990 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 614 TITLE Problem behaviors in adolescents. AUTHOR NAMES Bartlett R. Holditch-Davis D. Belyea M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bartlett R.; Holditch-Davis D.; Belyea M.) School of Nursing, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Bartlett, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA. SOURCE Pediatric nursing (2007) 33:1 (13-18). Date of Publication: 2007 Jan-Feb ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT A fifth or more of a nationally representative sample of school-attending adolescents report engaging in problem behaviors such as skipping school, using alcohol, fighting, shoplifting, and stealing. A smaller but significant number of adolescents report engaging in risky sexual behaviors. All of these behaviors have potentially serious consequences for adolescents, their family and friends, their school, and society. Nurses are in a unique position to help identify these behaviors in adolescents, educate school personnel about the behaviors, educate adolescents about the risks they face when they engage in these behaviors, and assist parents to access the resources they need to help children who may be engaging in these problem behaviors. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antisocial personality disorder (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) child behavior nurse attitude pediatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS absenteeism addiction (epidemiology, prevention) adolescent child psychology education high risk behavior human nursing assessment organization and management parent patient education psychological aspect recumbency review risk factor runaway behavior (prevention) school health nursing sexual behavior statistics United States (epidemiology) violence (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17410996 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17410996) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 615 TITLE A targeted testing program for tuberculosis control and prevention among Baltimore City's homeless population AUTHOR NAMES Lashley M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lashley M., mlashley@towson.edu) Department of Nursing, Towson University, Towson, MD, United States. (Lashley M., mlashley@towson.edu) 2513 Tally-Ho Drive, Fallston, MD 21047, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Lashley, 2513 Tally-Ho Drive, Fallston, MD 21047, United States. Email: mlashley@towson.edu SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2007) 24:1 (34-39). Date of Publication: January/February 2007 ISSN 0737-1209 1525-1446 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT Objective: To identify cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and improve access to TB treatment among the inner-city homeless. Design: This is an intervention study describing the impact of a public health program on TB prevention and control. Sample: The target population for the project was residents and recent graduates of a residential addictions recovery program in a faith-based, inner-city mission. Intervention: Faculty and student nurses administered purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin tests and TB symptom assessments on site to homeless Mission residents. Residents testing positive for TB infection were referred to the local city health department for follow-up. Residents placed on prophylactic therapy received intensive tracking and coaching interventions to encourage adherence to the 9-month regimen. Results: Ninety-eight percent of the target population was screened for LTBI. Ninety percent of residents requiring treatment for LTBI successfully accessed treatment services. Thirty-three percent of residents completed at least 6 months of treatment. Conclusion: The program demonstrated a modest improvement in treatment completion among the inner-city homeless when compared with local City Health Department treatment completion rates. This program demonstrates how a faith-based organization, an academic institution, and local government can successfully partner together to meet community needs. © 2006, Blackwell Publishing, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) homelessness mass screening tuberculosis (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article community health nursing evaluation study health care delivery human organization and management program development United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17214651 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17214651) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2006.00605.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 616 TITLE Nursing Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Pain AUTHOR NAMES Plaisance L. Logan C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Plaisance L., louisep9983@aol.com; Logan C.) Southeastern Louisiana University School of Nursing, Hammond, LA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Plaisance, Southeastern Louisiana University School of Nursing, Hammond, LA, United States. Email: louisep9983@aol.com SOURCE Pain Management Nursing (2006) 7:4 (167-175). Date of Publication: December 2006 ISSN 1524-9042 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT The presence of pain is one of the main reasons why people seek health care, yet pain is often undertreated. Inadequate treatment has been linked to health care workers' failure to assess pain and to intervene appropriately. It may also result from the limited attention given to pain management in nursing curricula. This descriptive study explored nursing students' knowledge and attitudes about pain management. The Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain was used to collect data from clinical nursing students. The sample (n = 313) was obtained from approximately one fourth of the baccalaureate of science in nursing and associate degree in nursing programs in Louisiana. Data analysis revealed misconceptions about analgesic administration and duration, along with an exaggerated fear about the incidence of addiction among patients. Knowledge of pharmacology items was lower than that of nonpharmacology items. When faced with a clinical scenario that required an initial assessment of a patient's pain, most students responded appropriately. However, when the situation required reassessment based on the patient's response to the student's chosen intervention, a majority of them responded incorrectly. Overall, students in the baccalaureate degree programs scored significantly higher (65% correct) than students in the associate degree in nursing programs (60.8% correct) (t [311] = -3.321, p = .001). However, the combined mean score for both groups was 64%, indicating inadequate knowledge of pain management. Despite major initiatives by accrediting agencies, statewide Pain Initiatives, and professional organizations, knowledge of pain management is still inadequate. Nursing faculty need to critically review their curricula to determine whether students are being taught in-depth and up-to-date pain management information that incorporates evidence-based research and current standards of care. © 2004 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student pain (diagnosis, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accreditation adult article clinical competence comparative study cross-sectional study curriculum education evidence based medicine female health service human male nursing methodology research practice guideline psychological aspect questionnaire standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17145491 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17145491) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2006.09.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 617 TITLE School health nurses and substance use among adolescents - Towards individual identification and early intervention AUTHOR NAMES Pirskanen M. Pietilä A.-M. Halonen P. Laukkanen E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pirskanen M., marjatta.pirskanen@uku.fi; Pietilä A.-M.) Department of Nursing Science, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. (Halonen P.) Computing Centre, Kuopio IT Centre, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. (Laukkanen E.) Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. (Pirskanen M., marjatta.pirskanen@uku.fi) Samoilijantie 20, E Kuopio 70200, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Pirskanen, Samoilijantie 20, E Kuopio 70200, Finland. Email: marjatta.pirskanen@uku.fi SOURCE Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences (2006) 20:4 (439-447). Date of Publication: December 2006 ISSN 0283-9318 1471-6712 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Adolescents' health is today threatened by the use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances. It is therefore important to develop interventions related to substance use in school health care. The aim of this study was to examine the empowering or risk background factors related to substance use among adolescents, and the ability of school nurses (PHN) to identify these factors and to provide needed individual early intervention. The data were collected by semistructured questionnaires completed by 14- to 18-year-old adolescents (n = 326, response rate 79) and PHNs (n = 10) in 2004. The adolescent questionnaire consisted of items related to the respondents' background and Adolescents' Substance Use Measurement (ADSUME). Following individual consent, adolescents' ADSUME responses were sent to the PHNs for intervention. The PHNs assessed the adolescents' empowering background factors and intervention using the questionnaire, and 70% (n = 228) of their answers matched the adolescents' answers. The data were analysed with the SPSS software using the chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, kappa coefficient and agreement percentages. Substance use among adolescents was associated with parental support, mother's education and smoking, the adolescents' knowledge about substances, peer support and hobbies. The PHNs' assessments regarding supportive background were not in agreement with the assessments of adolescents who were using hazardous substances. One-fifth of the adolescents received the brief intervention, although many of them might have needed extra support and follow-up on the basis of their ADSUME results. The research findings can be generalized only for alcohol use, because only 3% of the study informants used substances other than alcohol. Further research is warranted concerning PHNs' ability to identify hazardous substance use and to ensure preventive early intervention and requisite support among substance-using adolescents in order to improve evidence-based health promotion. © 2006 Nordic College of Caring Science. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) school health nursing substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent Adolescents Substance Use Measurement adult alcohol consumption article dangerous goods education evidence based medicine follow up health promotion human informed consent leisure major clinical study parent peer group questionnaire risk factor smoking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006576988 MEDLINE PMID 17116153 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17116153) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2006.00425.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 618 TITLE Using qualitative methods for course evaluation: a case study from Botswana. AUTHOR NAMES Brown M.S. Sebego M. Seboni N. Ntsayagae E. Mogobe K.D. Sabone M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brown M.S.; Sebego M.; Seboni N.; Ntsayagae E.; Mogobe K.D.; Sabone M.) Intercollegiate School of Nursing, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Brown, Intercollegiate School of Nursing, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington, USA. Email: brownm10@comcast.net SOURCE Nurse educator (2006) 31:6 (275-280). Date of Publication: 2006 Nov-Dec ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT This article is a report of a qualitative evaluation of a course on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome carried out jointly by faculty from Botswana and the United States at a university in Botswana. It demonstrates the importance of both international nurse educator expertise in impacting a major pandemic and the use of qualitative methods for course evaluation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care quality nursing education nursing methodology research qualitative research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article attitude to health Botswana (epidemiology) clinical competence condom curriculum ethnology health health personnel attitude human Human immunodeficiency virus infection information processing international cooperation methodology nursing nursing student organization and management psychological aspect safe sex statistical analysis United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17108794 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17108794) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 619 TITLE An introductory clinical core course in psychiatric management: An innovative lifespan course blending all nurse practitioner majors AUTHOR NAMES Weber M.T. Snow D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weber M.T., mweber@uta.edu; Snow D.) Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Program, . (Weber M.T., mweber@uta.edu; Snow D.) Center for Psychopharmacology Education and Research, University of Texas at Arlington, School of Nursing, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.T. Weber, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Program, . Email: mweber@uta.edu SOURCE Perspectives in Psychiatric Care (2006) 42:4 (245-251). Date of Publication: November 2006 ISSN 0031-5990 1744-6163 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT TOPIC. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation is significant in primary care settings across the country. Nonpsychiatric nurse practitioners must be able to recognize symptoms of common psychiatric disorders, know how to treat less complex mental illnesses, and know when to refer to psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs). PURPOSE. This article describes the course content, assignments, and teaching strategies used in a clinical core course in the nurse practitioner (NP) curriculum that is required for all NP majors at the University of Texas at Arlington. Psychiatric Management for Advanced Practice provides the foundation for later PMHNP major specific clinical courses. SOURCES. Development of the course content was based on NONPF Domains and Competencies for the NP, input from graduate NP faculty using a modified Delphi approach, NP student feedback, review of curriculum from other schools, and review of the literature on depression, suicide, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders in primary care settings. CONCLUSIONS. Since 1999, students from the eight different NP programs at the University of Texas at Arlington have been required to take this course. Student, faculty, and graduate feedback about this course have been consistently positive. Many NP students comment on feeling much more comfortable assessing for depression, suicide, and substance use. © Blackwell Publishing 2006. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical competence nurse practitioner nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum Delphi study education health personnel attitude health service human mass screening mental disease nurse attitude nursing nursing assessment nursing process organization and management patient referral program development psychological aspect review role playing teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17107569 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17107569) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6163.2006.00089.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 620 TITLE Use of a breathalyzer in a local bar: A community education project AUTHOR NAMES Kerber C.S. Schlenker E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kerber C.S., ckerber@iwu.edu) Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61701, United States. (Schlenker E.) Department of Nursing, Mennonite College of Nursing, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.S. Kerber, Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL 61701, United States. Email: ckerber@iwu.edu SOURCE Journal of Nursing Education (2006) 45:11 (455-457). Date of Publication: November 2006 ISSN 0148-4834 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated ABSTRACT In completing a faculty-assigned service-learning project, a group of nursing students sought to educate their peers and the public about the effects of alcohol consumption. Breathalyzer readings were obtained from 150 bar patrons and correlated with the number of drinks consumed and number of hours spent drinking. The results were used to educate bar patrons about the difference between how intoxicated they felt and their actual blood alcohol levels. The students also distributed information about substance abuse assistance and safe transportation home. This screening technique served as an application of secondary prevention principles for the nursing students. The project was considered innovative in that no similar study was found in the literature. Selected Healthy People 2010 goals were also addressed in this project. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol central depressant agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol intoxication (diagnosis, prevention) breath analysis community health nursing drinking behavior (prevention) nurse attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health blood education female health education human male methodology nursing nursing methodology research organization and management psychological aspect public relations United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 17120863 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17120863) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 621 TITLE Assessment of alcohol and other drug use behaviors in health professions students AUTHOR NAMES Baldwin J.N. Scott D.M. Agrawal S. Bartek J.K. Davis-Hall R.E. Reardon T.P. DeSimone II E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baldwin J.N., jbaldwin@unmc.edu) College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States. (Scott D.M.) College of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States. (Agrawal S.; Bartek J.K.) College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States. (Davis-Hall R.E.) School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, United States. (Reardon T.P.) ITS Academic Computing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States. (DeSimone II E.M.) School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States. (Baldwin J.N., jbaldwin@unmc.edu) 982135 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-2135, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.N. Baldwin, 982135 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-2135, United States. Email: jbaldwin@unmc.edu SOURCE Substance Abuse (2006) 27:3 (27-37). Date of Publication: 23 Oct 2006 ISSN 0889-7077 1547-0164 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. ABSTRACT Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use behaviors of health professions students (HPS) were assessed by surveying both university-based HPS and other nursing programs in a Midwestern state in 1999. Response was 2,646 (56.4%) of surveyed students. Family history of alcohol-related and drug-related problems were reported by 39.8% and 13.9%, respectively, with 42.6% of respondents reporting one or both. Among nursing respondents, 48.1%, 19.2% and 51.1%, respectively, reported family problems with alcohol, drugs, or one or both. Past-year alcohol use was comparable to undergraduate college students (UCS) nationally (83%); heavy drinking, tobacco and recreational drug use by HPS were lower. Past year drug use was highest among medical students. Marijuana was the predominant illicit drug; medical students and males most often reported use. Health professions educational systems should proactively address student AOD prevention, education and assistance needs. © 2006 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cannabis illicit drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption college student drug use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drinking behavior family history family relation health care personnel high risk behavior human medical student nursing student self report CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006577138 MEDLINE PMID 17135178 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17135178) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J465v27n03_05 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 622 TITLE Advocating for a harm-minimization approach to drug education in Australian schools. AUTHOR NAMES Guzys D. Kendall S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Guzys D.; Kendall S.) School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Guzys, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2006) 22:5 (259-263). Date of Publication: Oct 2006 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT The concept of using a harm-minimization approach to drug education in Australian schools has existed in both national and state government policy documents for over two decades. However, this approach appears to be ineffectively and inconsistently incorporated within the curriculum. Harm minimization emphasizes strategies that reduce the harms associated with drug use and prevent related health and social problems. Traditional drug education programs that promote abstinence as the only option may not be realistic and appear to have had limited success. School nurses in the state of Victoria have a significant role in improving both the understanding and adoption of this approach through advocacy, education, and their understanding of evidence-based practice. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) harm reduction health education school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent attitude to health Australia child behavior child psychology curriculum educational model evidence based medicine health care policy health promotion health service human nurse attitude organization organization and management patient advocacy philosophy psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17172197 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17172197) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 623 TITLE Prevalence of drug-related problems and cost-savings opportunities in Medicaid high utilizers identified by a pharmacist-run drug regimen review center AUTHOR NAMES LaFleur J. McBeth C. Gunning K. Oderda L. Steinvoort C. Oderda G.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (LaFleur J., joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu; McBeth C.; Gunning K.; Oderda L.; Steinvoort C.; Oderda G.M.) Drug Regimen Review Center, Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. (LaFleur J., joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu) 421 Wakara Way, #208, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. LaFleur, 421 Wakara Way, #208, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States. Email: joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu SOURCE Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2006) 12:8 (677-685). Date of Publication: October 2006 ISSN 1083-4087 BOOK PUBLISHER Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), 100 North Pitt St., Suite 400, Alexandria, United States. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Despite numerous reports of state Medicaid drug utilization review (DUR) programs, little data are available about the prevalence of drug-related problems (DRPs) in Medicaid patients. A university-based, pharmacist-run DUR program for high utilizers was created as an alternative to imposition of a statutory limit of 7 medications per month in the Utah Medicaid program in 2002. The DUR program was designed to suggest ways that high-utilizing patients could decrease their total number of medications to 7 or fewer prior to imposition of the 7-medication limit at some time in the future. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience in 1 Medicaid DUR program and to report the prevalence of DRPs and cost-saving opportunities (CSOs) among a population of Medicaid recipients who were high utilizers of prescription drugs. METHODS: DRPs were identified by 5 clinical pharmacists employed by the Drug Regimen Review Center (DRRC) in Salt Lake City. The purpose of the center was to provide drug therapy review services for a select number of Utah Medicaid recipients (200-300 per month) who exceeded a 7-medication limit during the calendar years 2003 and 2004. RESULTS: Out of 391,890 eligible Medicaid recipients, 242,411 (62%) received at least 1 medication, and 16,958 (4.3%) exceeded the 7-medication limit during the review period. Of those exceeding the limit, the DRRC reviewed a total of 3,706 (21.9%) patients, representing the highest utilizers by volume of medication. The prevalence of DRPs considered clinically important in the review cohort was 79.7% of patients, including therapeutic duplications in 54.6% of patients, dose form optimization in 29.7%, and inappropriate uncoordinated care in 25.3%. The average pharmacy cost per month for patients with at least 1 DRP was $1,081; by contrast, the average pharmacy cost per month for all other patients receiving at least 1 prescription was $91. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 4% of Medicaid recipients exceeded the 7-medication monthly limit. Among the 22% highest utilizers in this group, 48% of nursing home residents and 87% of ambulatory recipients had at least 1 DRP, or an overall rate of 80% of high-use Medicaid recipients or as much as 3.2% of the Medicaid population. Copyright© 2006, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aciclovir (drug therapy) adrenalin amfebutamone amitriptyline (adverse drug reaction) atorvastatin beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent carisoprodol (drug therapy) ciprofloxacin (drug interaction, pharmacology) citalopram diphenhydramine (adverse drug reaction) erythromycin (adverse drug reaction) hydrochlorothiazide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) hydrocodone (drug combination) hyoscyamine (adverse drug reaction) ipratropium bromide plus salbutamol paracetamol (drug combination) paroxetine promethazine (adverse drug reaction) propranolol quetiapine (drug therapy) rosuvastatin salbutamol serotonin uptake inhibitor sertraline sumatriptan (adverse drug reaction) theophylline (drug interaction, pharmacology) thioridazine (adverse drug reaction) unindexed drug venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose) ziprasidone (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease (epidemiology) drug use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article blurred vision (side effect) confusion (side effect) controlled study cost control drug inhibition drug potentiation female genital herpes (drug therapy) health care cost health care policy health care utilization health program health service heart arrest (side effect) heart infarction (side effect) human hypertension (drug therapy, side effect) major clinical study male medicaid mucosal dryness (side effect) musculoskeletal disease (drug therapy) pharmacist prescription QT prolongation (side effect) recommended drug dose schizophrenia (drug therapy) sedation side effect (side effect) torsade des pointes (side effect) treatment duration United States unspecified side effect (side effect) urine retention (side effect) DRUG TRADE NAMES combivent CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aciclovir (59277-89-3) adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1) amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) atorvastatin (134523-00-5, 134523-03-8) carisoprodol (78-44-4) ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1) citalopram (59729-33-8) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4) hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5) hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1) hyoscyamine (101-31-5, 306-03-6) paracetamol (103-90-2) paroxetine (61869-08-7) promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7) propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6) quetiapine (111974-72-2) rosuvastatin (147098-18-8, 147098-20-2) salbutamol (18559-94-9) sertraline (79617-96-2) sumatriptan (103628-46-2) theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) ziprasidone (118289-78-4, 122883-93-6, 138982-67-9, 199191-69-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007448441 MEDLINE PMID 17269846 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17269846) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 624 TITLE Sensation Seeking, Self-Esteem, and Unprotected Sex in College Students AUTHOR NAMES Gullette D.L. Lyons M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gullette D.L.; Lyons M.A.) SOURCE Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (2006) 17:5 (23-31). Date of Publication: September/October 2006 ISSN 1055-3290 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT This descriptive correlational study examined the relationships of sexual sensation seeking, self-esteem, and self-efficacy in condom use, stages of change, and alcohol consumption to HIV risk-taking behaviors among college students. A total of 159 students completed an online survey in 2004. Instruments included the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, College Alcohol Problems Scale, Condom Use Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. High sensation seekers had higher self-esteem, more self-efficacy in condom usage, fewer problems associated with alcohol consumption, and belonged to Greek organizations (F [1,158] = 12.54; p < .0005). Women who were high sensation seekers perceived more advantages (F [1, 116] = 1.67; p = .05) than disadvantages (F [1, 116] = 2.01; p = .01) to using condoms. Men consumed significantly more alcohol and had more social problems related to alcohol use than women (F [1, 158] = 5.04; p < .03). Students in Greek organizations had significantly more positive attitudes (X(2) [1] = 4.55; p < .03) and more respect for themselves (X(2) [1] = 11.22; p < .0008) than other students and were more likely to be tested for HIV (X(2) [1] = 3.85; p < .05). Students with low self-esteem consumed more alcohol, had more sexual partners, and had more HIV risk-taking behaviors than other students. Even though students were reported to be efficacious in condom usage, they used them inconsistently with their sexual partners and were in the earlier stages of change. Interventions are needed in the community to help sexually active individuals take responsibility for their sexual health and to increase the awareness of the need to be tested for HIV. © 2006 Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) high risk behavior self concept student university unsafe sex (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article attitude to health condom drinking behavior (adverse drug reaction) exploratory behavior female health service human male motivation nursing methodology research psychological aspect questionnaire sex difference sexually transmitted disease (prevention) social behavior socioeconomics United States utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16979512 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16979512) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2006.07.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 625 TITLE Epidemiology of medication-related adverse events in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Handler S.M. Wright R.M. Ruby C.M. Hanlon J.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Handler S.M., handlersm@upmc.edu; Wright R.M.; Hanlon J.T.) Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Handler S.M., handlersm@upmc.edu) Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Ruby C.M.; Hanlon J.T.) Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Hanlon J.T.) Center for Health Equity Research, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.M. Handler, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Email: handlersm@upmc.edu SOURCE American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy (2006) 4:3 (264-272). Date of Publication: September 2006 ISSN 1543-5946 BOOK PUBLISHER Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Nursing home residents are prescribed more medications than patients in any other clinical setting. Although pharmacotherapy for older nursing home residents is usually safe and effective, it can lead to medication-related adverse events such as adverse drug reactions (ADRs), adverse drug withdrawal events (ADWEs), and therapeutic failures (TFs). Objective: This article reviews the descriptive (incidence) and analytic (risk factor) epidemiology of medication-related adverse events occurring in nursing home residents as reported in the literature during the last 2 decades. Methods: A search of MEDLINE and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts was conducted for articles published in English between January 1986 and July 2006 using the following terms: adverse drug events, adverse drug reactions, adverse drug withdrawal events, aged, drug therapy, drug-related problems, medication-related problems, nursing homes, therapeutic failures, and treatment failures. The reference lists of identified articles, recent review articles, book chapters, and the authors' reference library were also searched manually. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this review. Five studies described ADRs, 1 described ADWEs, and 1 described TFs. The studies of ADRs used different methods of detecting ADRs, resulting in incidence rates ranging from 1.19 to 7.26 per 100 resident-months. The single study of ADWEs reported an incidence of 2.60 per 100 resident-months. An incidence rate for the single study describing TFs could not be calculated. Conclusions: Medication-related adverse events are common in the nursing home setting. Additional studies are needed to enhance the detection and prevention of medication-related adverse events and to reduce their impact on residents' outcomes and health care costs. © 2006 Excerpta Medica, Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antibiotic agent (adverse drug reaction) anticoagulant agent (adverse drug reaction) anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction) antiinfective agent (adverse drug reaction) anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction) digoxin (adverse drug reaction) diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction) hypnotic agent (adverse drug reaction) metronidazole (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction) potassium (adverse drug reaction) psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction) sedative agent (adverse drug reaction) vitamin (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease (epidemiology, side effect) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS cardiovascular disease (epidemiology, side effect) central nervous system disease (epidemiology, side effect) diarrhea (drug therapy) drug hypersensitivity (epidemiology, side effect) drug treatment failure drug withdrawal electrolyte disturbance (epidemiology, side effect) gastrointestinal disease (epidemiology, side effect) human hypotension (epidemiology, side effect) incidence medication error Medline prescription priority journal recurrent disease review risk factor sedation seizure (drug therapy) side effect (epidemiology, side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1) potassium (7440-09-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006508319 MEDLINE PMID 17062328 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17062328) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjopharm.2006.09.011 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 626 TITLE An ethnographic study of tobacco control in hospital settings AUTHOR NAMES Schultz A.S.H. Bottorff J.L. Johnson J.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schultz A.S.H., Annette_Schultz@UManitoba.ca) Helen Glass Centre for Nursing, University of Manitoba, 89 Curry Place, Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada. (Schultz A.S.H., Annette_Schultz@UManitoba.ca) Faculty of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man., Canada. (Bottorff J.L.) University of British Colombia Okanogan, Kelowna, BC, Canada. (Johnson J.L.) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.S.H. Schultz, Helen Glass Centre for Nursing, University of Manitoba, 89 Curry Place, Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada. Email: Annette_Schultz@UManitoba.ca SOURCE Tobacco Control (2006) 15:4 (317-322). Date of Publication: August 2006 ISSN 0964-4563 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Tobacco control in hospital settings is characterised by a focus on protection strategies and an increasing expectation that health practitioners provide cessation support to patients. While practitioners claim to have positive attitudes toward supporting patient cessation efforts, missed opportunities are the practice norm. Objective: To study hospital workplace culture relevant to tobacco use and control as part of a mixed-methods research project that investigated hospital-based registered nurses' integration of cessation interventions. Design: The study was conducted at two hospitals situated in British Columbia, Canada. Data collection included 135 hours of field work including observations of ward activities and designated smoking areas, 85 unstructured conversations with nurses, and the collection of patient-care documents on 16 adult inpatient wards. Results: The findings demonstrate that protection strategies (for example, smoking restrictions) were relatively well integrated into organisational culture and practice activities but the same was not true for cessation strategies. An analysis of resources and documentation relevant to tobacco revealed an absence of support for addressing tobacco use and cessation. Nurses framed patients' tobacco use as a relational issue, a risk to patient safety, and a burden. Furthermore, conversations revealed that nurses tended to possess only a vague awareness of nicotine dependence. Conclusion: Overcoming challenges to extending tobacco control within hospitals could be enhanced by emphasising the value of addressing patients' tobacco use, raising awareness of nicotine dependence, and improving the availability of resources to address addiction issues. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion hospital nurse attitude smoking (epidemiology, prevention) tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health Canada clinical trial health personnel attitude human methodology multicenter study nursing organization and management questionnaire smoking cessation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16885581 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16885581) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc.2005.015388 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 627 TITLE Determination of smoking habits and personality traits among nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Durmaz A. Üstün B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Durmaz A., aylin_durmaz@yahoo.com; Üstün B.) Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Dokuz Eylül University, School of Nursing, Izmir, Turkey. (Durmaz A., aylin_durmaz@yahoo.com) Dokuz Eylül University, School of Nursing, Izmir, Turkey. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Durmaz, Dokuz Eylül University, School of Nursing, Izmir, Turkey. Email: aylin_durmaz@yahoo.com SOURCE Journal of Nursing Education (2006) 45:8 (328-333). Date of Publication: August 2006 ISSN 0148-4834 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to determine the smoking habits of students who receive nursing education in universities and their personality traits. We found that 29.2% of the students were habitual smokers, and the average score on the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test was 3.4 ± 2.3. A significant difference in statistical terms was marked between the participants' smoking habits and the self-control factor. Because we found that the level of smoking among individuals with high self-control is rather low, providing information to students on quitting smoking and periodically assessing smoking status are recommended. In addition, individual improvement programs focused on the development of self-control can be added to nursing curricula. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude nursing student personality smoking (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health control curriculum female habit health behavior health service hospitalization human male mental stress (prevention) nursing education nursing methodology research peer group personality test prevalence psychological aspect psychological model questionnaire sex difference sex ratio statistics Turkey (republic) (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16915993 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16915993) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 628 TITLE Student Nurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-Efficacy of Children's Pain Management: Evaluation of an Education Program in Taiwan AUTHOR NAMES Chiang L.-C. Chen H.-J. Huang L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chiang L.-C.; Chen H.-J.; Huang L., lichi@mail.cmu.edu.tw) School of Nursing (L.-C.C., L.H.), China Medical University, School of Nursing (H.-J.C.), Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Huang, School of Nursing (L.-C.C., L.H.), China Medical University, School of Nursing (H.-J.C.), Taiwan. Email: lichi@mail.cmu.edu.tw SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (2006) 32:1 (82-89). Date of Publication: July 2006 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a pediatric pain education program (PPEP) for student nurses. The sample consisted of 181 licensed student nurses who were enrolled in a nursing school in Taiwan. Student nurses attended a 4-hour PPEP that involved case scenario discussion, video, and lecture. Data were collected by an extensive questionnaire that assessed student nurses' knowledge of, attitudes toward, and self-efficacy in pediatric pain assessment and pharmacological and nonpharmacological pain management. The results demonstrated that student nurses gained significant knowledge of pediatric pain, expressed more appropriate attitudes, and reported greater self-efficacy in children's pain management after attending PPEP. Their knowledge of analgesic pharmacotherapy did not significantly improve. These results suggest that PPEP should be integrated into pediatric nursing curricula to enhance knowledge and skills regarding children's pain management during the early stage of a nursing career. © 2006 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (oral drug administration, pharmacology) amitriptyline analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmacology) codeine (oral drug administration, pharmacology) hydromorphone ibuprofen morphine (drug dose, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmacology) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug combination) opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmacology) promethazine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) childhood disease nursing education nursing knowledge pain self concept student attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article career curriculum drug efficacy drug hypersensitivity (side effect) drug megadose evaluation study human licence nursing student opiate addiction (side effect) pain assessment questionnaire respiration depression (side effect) Taiwan videorecording DRUG TRADE NAMES aspirin phenergan CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) codeine (76-57-3) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006311971 MEDLINE PMID 16824988 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16824988) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2006.01.011 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 629 TITLE Impact of educational outreach visits on smoking cessation activities performed by specialist physicians: A randomized trial AUTHOR NAMES Etter J.-F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Etter J.-F.) Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.-F. Etter, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. SOURCE Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice (2006) 19:2 (155-165). Date of Publication: July 2006 ISSN 1357-6283 1469-5804 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Network: Towards Unity for Heath, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Objectives: To find out whether educational visits by a nurse to specialist physicians improved their self-reporting of smoking cessation activities; whether these visits increased the percentage of physicians who were aware of and recommended a computer-tailored smoking cessation program and who participated in a training workshop on tobacco dependency treatment. Methods: Specialist private practice physicians (n = 523) working in Geneva, Switzerland were randomly assigned to either receiving (n = 261) or not receiving (n = 262) a single 40-minute visit by a trained nurse in 2003. The physicians answered a postal questionnaire 5 months after the visits indicating the percentage of their patients they counselled or treated for tobacco dependency and we recorded whether physicians took part in the workshop. Findings: Only half (53%) of the physicians agreed to receive a visit. At follow-up more physicians in the intervention group than in the control group were aware of the computer-tailored program (73% vs. 39%, p < 0.001) and more physicians in the intervention group said they recommended the use of this program to more patients (20% vs. 10%, p = 0.009). Among non-smoking physicians only, the proportion of patients who were advised to quit smoking was higher in the intervention than in the control group (69% vs. 54%, p = 0.019, as reported by physicians). The intervention had no impact on physicians' participation in the workshop. Conclusions: Visits by a nurse increased the proportion of physicians who recommended to their patients the use of a computer-tailored smoking cessation program. Among non-smoking physicians only, the intervention increased the proportion of patients who received the advice to quit smoking, as reported by physicians. © 2006 Taylor & Francis. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (drug therapy) nicotine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education smoking cessation program tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study education program female follow up human major clinical study male medical education medical specialist nicotine replacement therapy nurse patient counseling patient education physician attitude priority journal private practice questionnaire randomized controlled trial Switzerland CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006333699 MEDLINE PMID 16831798 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16831798) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576280600742386 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 630 TITLE Nursing research and treatment of tobacco dependence: state of the science. AUTHOR NAMES Wewers M.E. Sarna L. Rice V.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wewers M.E.; Sarna L.; Rice V.H.) School of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Room 432, Cunz Hall, 1841 Millikin Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.E. Wewers, School of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Room 432, Cunz Hall, 1841 Millikin Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. Email: wewers.1@osu.edu SOURCE Nursing research (2006) 55:4 Suppl (S11-15). Date of Publication: 2006 Jul-Aug ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT Tobacco use is considered to be the single most preventable cause of premature morbidity and mortality among men and women. It is well documented that tobacco cessation reduces the burden of disease significantly and is cost effective. Efficacious therapy for tobacco dependence exists, and nurses have been shown to be effective tobacco cessation interventionists. Given the large number of nurses in the United States, nurses can influence national health objectives of reduced tobacco use significantly and help to decrease the number of adults at risk for tobacco-attributable disease and death. The objectives of this presentation are to (a) describe the scientific evidence for tobacco cessation interventions, based on the U.S. clinical practice guideline Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence; (b) present the meta-analytic findings of the efficacy of nursing interventions for smoking cessation; (c) discuss barriers to nursing research and tobacco interventions; and (d) provide future directions for nursing intervention research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nurse attitude nursing research smoking (epidemiology, therapy) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical trial controlled clinical trial evidence based medicine human meta analysis methodology nursing nursing informatics organization and management practice guideline randomized controlled trial review United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16829772 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829772) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 631 TITLE Strategic directions for nursing research in tobacco dependence. AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Bialous S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L.; Bialous S.A.) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA. Email: lsarna@ucla.edu SOURCE Nursing research (2006) 55:4 Suppl (S1-9). Date of Publication: 2006 Jul-Aug ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT Tobacco use continues to be the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, causing approximately 440,000 deaths a year. Even with significant progress in the last decades, there are over 45 million smokers in the United States. Despite the efficacy of nurses in providing tobacco cessation interventions, nursing research in this area has been minimal. The purpose of this presentation is to summarize the recommendations for focusing and fostering nursing research in tobacco cessation from 42 researchers, clinicians, educators, and representatives from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, and from nursing organizations who attended a 1-day invitational conference. This conference evolved from the work of the Tobacco Free Nurses Initiative in promoting the role of nursing in tobacco control and in response to the recognition of potential contributions to the field from nursing research. Sponsored by AHRQ and the NCI, the conference included formal presentations, and small and large group discussions around tobacco cessation research, resulting in consensus statements about a research agenda. Participants recommended strategies for new approaches in nursing research on tobacco dependence and cessation; strategies for seizing opportunities and confronting challenges in building nursing research in the field; and enhancing utilization of research findings into clinical practice. This agenda provides direction for growing nursing research in tobacco cessation, breaking down barriers to research, and supporting efforts for increasing utilization of evidence-based findings in clinical practice. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nurse attitude nursing research smoking (epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human information dissemination nursing informatics organization and management practice guideline United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16829770 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829770) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 632 TITLE Development of an alcohol withdrawal protocol: CNS collaborative exemplar. AUTHOR NAMES Phillips S. Haycock C. Boyle D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Phillips S.; Haycock C.; Boyle D.) Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Phoenix, Ariz. 85338, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Phillips, Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Phoenix, Ariz. 85338, USA. Email: susan.phillips@bannerhealth.com SOURCE Clinical nurse specialist CNS (2006) 20:4 (190-198; quiz 199-198200). Date of Publication: 2006 Jul-Aug ISSN 0887-6274 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The purpose of this process improvement project was to develop an Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) management protocol for acute care. SIGNIFICANCE: The prevalence of alcohol abuse in our society presents challenges for health professionals, and few nurses have received formal education on the identification and treatment of AWS, which has frequently resulted in ineffective, nonstandardized care. However, nurses practicing in medical-surgical, emergency, trauma, and critical care settings must be astute in the assessment and management of AWS. DESIGN/BACKGROUND/RATIONALE: Following an analysis of existing management protocols, a behavioral health clinical nurse specialist was asked to lead a work team composed of physicians, pharmacists, and nurses to develop a new evidence-based alcohol withdrawal protocol for acute care. METHODS/DESCRIPTION: By implementing a standardized assessment tool and treatment protocol, clinical nurse specialists empowered nursing staff with strategies to prevent the serious medical complications associated with AWS. FINDINGS/OUTCOMES: The development and integration of a safe and effective treatment protocol to manage AWS was facilitated by collaborative, evidence-based decision making. CONCLUSION: Clinical experience and specialty expertise were integrated by clinical nurse specialists skilled in group dynamics, problem-solving, and the implementation of change. Improving care of patients in AWS is an exemplar for clinical nurse specialist roles as change agent and patient advocate. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) clinical protocol cooperation nurse withdrawal syndrome (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease algorithm decision tree evidence based medicine hospitalization human intensive care leadership medical record nurse attitude nursing assessment organization organization and management patient advocacy patient care problem solving program development psychological aspect public relations review standard total quality management treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16849931 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16849931) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 633 TITLE Promoting smoking cessation during hospitalization for coronary artery disease AUTHOR NAMES Reid R.D. Lipe A.L. Quinlan B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reid R.D., breid@ottawaheart.ca; Lipe A.L.; Quinlan B.) Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.D. Reid, Prevention and Rehabilitation Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada. Email: breid@ottawaheart.ca SOURCE Canadian Journal of Cardiology (2006) 22:9 (775-780). Date of Publication: July 2006 ISSN 0828-282X BOOK PUBLISHER Pulsus Group Inc., 2902 South Sheridan Way, Oakville, Canada. ABSTRACT Background: Quitting smoking is the most effective intervention to reduce mortality in patients with coronary artery disease who smoke. Guidelines for the treatment of tobacco dependency recommend that health care institutions develop plans to support the consistent and effective identification and treatment of tobacco users. The University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Ottawa, Ontario) has implemented an institutional program to identify and treat all smokers admitted to the Institute. Objectives: The objectives of the present paper are to describe core elements of this program and present data concerning its reach and effectiveness. Program description: The goal of the program is to increase the number of smokers who are abstinent from smoking six months after a coronary artery disease-related hospitalization. Core elements of the program include: documentation of smoking status at hospital admission; inclusion of cessation intervention on patient care maps; individualized, bedside counselling by a nurse counsellor; the appropriate and timely use of nicotine replacement therapy; automated telephone follow-up; referral to outpatient cessation resources; and training of medical residents and nursing staff. Program reach and effectiveness were measured over a one-year period. Results: Between April 2003 and March 2004, almost 1300 smokers were identified at admission, and 91% received intervention to help them quit smoking. At six-month follow-up, 44% were smoke-free. Conclusions: Hospitalization for coronary artery disease provides an important opportunity to intervene with smokers when their motivation to quit is high. An institutional approach reinforces the importance of smoking cessation in this patient population and increases the rate of smoking cessation. Posthospitalization quit rates should be a benchmark of cardiac program performance. ©2006 Pulsus Group Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine derivative (drug therapy, transdermal drug administration) nicotine patch (drug therapy, transdermal drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) coronary artery disease (surgery) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada controlled study follow up health care organization health care planning health care quality health program heart catheterization hospital admission hospital discharge hospitalization human individualization major clinical study medical documentation mortality motivation nicotine replacement therapy nursing staff outpatient department patient attitude patient care patient counseling patient referral percutaneous coronary intervention practice guideline residency education smoking smoking habit staff training telephone tobacco dependence (drug therapy) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006390796 MEDLINE PMID 16835672 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16835672) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 634 TITLE Using evidence-based educational strategies to increase knowledge and skills in tobacco cessation. AUTHOR NAMES Heath J. Andrews J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heath J.; Andrews J.) Critical Care Clinical Nurse Specialist Program, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007-1107, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Heath, Critical Care Clinical Nurse Specialist Program, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007-1107, USA. Email: ejh@georgetown.edu SOURCE Nursing research (2006) 55:4 Suppl (S44-50). Date of Publication: 2006 Jul-Aug ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT To meet the demand for improved patient outcomes and accountability for healthcare delivery, nurses must embrace a culture of evidence-based practice (EBP). Integrating EBP for tobacco cessation in nursing practice is particularly important for the 44.5 million smokers in the United States who contribute to 157 billion dollars of healthcare costs annually. Unfortunately, studies reveal that healthcare providers are not aware of what is considered the best evidence, the United States Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline: Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence, resulting in missed opportunities to promote optimal health outcomes for individuals wanting to quit smoking. Fortunately, leading healthcare authorities such as the Joint Commission of Accreditation for Healthcare Organizations and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services now require providers to offer tobacco cessation services. The challenges and opportunities to do this effectively are many and with limited resources it will be increasingly important to ensure that nurses have the necessary knowledge and skills to improve tobacco cessation outcomes. For tobacco cessation interventions to become a standard of nursing practice, strategic efforts must be directed at advancing nursing research that evaluates best educational strategies for promoting tobacco cessation interventions within nursing curricula. In this article, a framework to help address nursing strategies to bridge the gap between EBP and tobacco cessation will be described. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health evidence based medicine nurse attitude nursing research smoking (epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accreditation counseling health education human methodology nursing organization and management primary prevention review United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16829776 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829776) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 635 TITLE Nursing's involvement in tobacco control: historical perspective and vision for the future. AUTHOR NAMES Malone R.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Malone R.E.) Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94118, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.E. Malone, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94118, USA. Email: ruth.malone@ucsf.edu SOURCE Nursing research (2006) 55:4 Suppl (S51-57). Date of Publication: 2006 Jul-Aug ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT There is little evidence that nursing organizations have played a major leadership role in addressing tobacco control at the political level, and none have addressed collectively, in any sustained way, the role of the tobacco industry, the primary vector of the tobacco disease epidemic. The aims of this article are (a) to explore what accounts for organized nursing's relative quiescence about tobacco industry and (b) to elucidate why a nursing voice would be especially effective in addressing the industry as a vector of the tobacco disease epidemic. Drawing on the internal tobacco industry documents research, and incorporating a critical theoretical perspective on education, research, and practice, it is argued that tobacco cessation cannot be viewed solely as an individual problem but must be understood in a sociopolitical context and promoting a nursing agendum on cessation research and practice requires educating (and energizing) nurses on the sociopolitics of tobacco. Because of nurses' numbers, class status, political capital, and moral authority in society, they are the group of health professionals whose voices are needed urgently at this historical moment to help avert the global tobacco epidemic. The Nightingales is an example of a nursing group involved in activism against the tobacco industry, applying findings from research on the industry to engage nurses in tobacco control activism, research, and education. The cessation research agenda should include research on the tobacco industry and how its activities influence cessation, how political activism influences cessation, and how critical education may advance cessation research, policies, and practices. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude nursing research smoking (epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health education history human leadership methodology nursing nursing organization organization and management primary prevention review tobacco industry United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16829777 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829777) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 636 TITLE Use of sleep-promoting medications in nursing home residents: Risks versus benefits AUTHOR NAMES Conn D.K. Madan R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Conn D.K., dconn@baycrest.org; Madan R.) Department of Psychiatry, Baycrest Geriatric Health Care System, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Conn D.K., dconn@baycrest.org; Madan R.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Conn D.K., dconn@baycrest.org) Department of Psychiatry, Baycrest Geriatric Health Care System, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ont. M6A 2E1, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.K. Conn, Department of Psychiatry, Baycrest Geriatric Health Care System, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ont. M6A 2E1, Canada. Email: dconn@baycrest.org SOURCE Drugs and Aging (2006) 23:4 (271-287). Date of Publication: 2006 ISSN 1170-229X 1170-229X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the use of sleep-promoting medications in nursing home residents with reference to risks versus benefits. Up to two-thirds of elderly people living in institutions experience sleep disturbance. The aetiology of sleep disturbance includes poor sleep hygiene, medical and psychiatric disorders, sleep apnoea, periodic limb movements and restless leg syndrome. One key factor in the development of sleep disturbance in the nursing home is the environment, particularly with respect to high levels of night-time noise and light, low levels of daytime light, and care routines that do not promote sleep. Clinical assessment should include a comprehensive medical, psychiatric and sleep history including a review of prescribed medications. Nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia are underutilised in many clinical settings despite evidence that they are often highly effective. International studies suggest that 50-80% of nursing home residents have at least one prescription for psychotropic medication. Utilisation rates vary dramatically from country to country and from institution to institution. The most commonly prescribed medications for sleep are benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs). The vast majority of studies of these medications are short-term, i.e. ≤2 weeks, although some longer extension trials have recently been carried out. Clinicians are advised to avoid long-acting benzodiazepines and to use hypnotics for as brief a period as possible, in most cases not exceeding 2-3 weeks of treatment. Patients receiving benzodiazepines are at increased risk of daytime sedation, falls, and cognitive and psychomotor impairment. Zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone and eszopiclone may have some advantages over the benzodiazepines, particularly with respect to the development of tolerance and dependence. Ramelteon, a novel agent with high selectivity for melatonin receptors, has recently been approved in the US. Use of the antidepressant trazodone for sleep in nondepressed patients is somewhat controversial. Atypical antipsychotics should not be used to treat insomnia unless there is also evidence of severe behavioural symptoms or psychosis. © 2006 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent (drug comparison) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS atypical antipsychotic agent benzodiazepine (drug comparison) diazepam eszopiclone (drug comparison) hypnotic agent melatonin receptor oxazepam ramelteon (pharmacology) trazodone unclassified drug zaleplon (drug comparison) zolpidem (drug comparison) zopiclone (drug comparison) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) insomnia (therapy) sleep disorder (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aging behavior therapy cognitive defect cognitive therapy dementia depression drug dependence drug tolerance elderly care environment falling health survey human hygiene leg disease limb movement mental disease noise nursing home prevalence priority journal psychomotor disorder psychosis review sedation sex difference sleep disordered breathing sleep induction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) diazepam (439-14-5) eszopiclone (138729-47-2) oxazepam (604-75-1) ramelteon (196597-26-9) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) zaleplon (151319-34-5) zolpidem (82626-48-0) zopiclone (43200-80-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006265183 MEDLINE PMID 16732687 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16732687) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200623040-00001 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 637 TITLE Training school nurses: Screening and brief intervention for tobacco use AUTHOR NAMES Castleman J.B. Novak M.A. Sposetti V.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Castleman J.B.) University of Florida, College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, United States. (Novak M.A.) University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States. (Sposetti V.J.) University of Florida, College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.B. Castleman, University of Florida, College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, United States. SOURCE Substance Abuse (2006) 26:3-4 (35-38). Date of Publication: 22 Jun 2006 ISSN 0889-7077 1547-0164 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. ABSTRACT This field project focused on training school nurses to do screening and brief interventions for tobacco use. Needed resources were organized in a kit. © 2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) substance abuse tobacco dependence (disease management) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care cost health care personnel health care policy human medical student morbidity nursing student residency education school health nursing screening smoking cessation training EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006368070 MEDLINE PMID 16837411 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16837411) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J465v26n03_08 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 638 TITLE Drug Use and Kidney Donation: What Are High-Risk Behaviors Today? AUTHOR NAMES Piccoli G.B. Soragna G. Putaggio S. Consiglio V. Mezza E. Bonetto A. Geuna S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Piccoli G.B., gbpiccoli@hotmail.com; Soragna G.; Putaggio S.; Consiglio V.; Mezza E.) University of Torino, Torino, Italy. (Bonetto A.) Centro Didattico, University of Torino, Torino, Italy. (Geuna S.) University of Torino, Torino, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.B. Piccoli, University of Torino, Torino, Italy. Email: gbpiccoli@hotmail.com SOURCE Transplantation Proceedings (2006) 38:5 (1221-1223). Date of Publication: June 2006 ISSN 0041-1345 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT Background: "Social risk behaviors" are usually considered as contraindications for organ donation. The organ shortage, however, necessitates expansion of the donor pool. Reconsideration of the policy toward substance abusers may be important. Opinions of the overall population may be of use to define this cultural-sensitive issue. Methods: A semistructured questionnaire on organ donation, including opinions on drug use (cannabis and cocaine), was administered to various groups of the general public and caregivers: high school students (liceo classico: 59 students, median age 18 years; istituto tecnico: 108, age 17); first- and fourth-year medical school (77, age 19; 46, age 22); continuing medical education (44, age 32); third-year nursing school (31, age 23); "senior citizen university" (51, age 63). Results: Cannabis use was mainly accepted for kidney donation (48.6% yes, 26.6% no, 29.8% uncertain/blank), but cocaine use was not (22.1% yes, 44.2% no, 33.7% uncertain/blank). In the univariate analysis, opinions differed according to age, sex, and belonging to the health care teams upon multivariate analysis being a member of the health care team was the strongest predictor of responses (P < .01). Conclusion: It is difficult to define social risk behaviors. Since opinions are important for organ donation, further studies and discussion are needed to periodically analyze our policies. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis (drug toxicity) cocaine (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis addiction cocaine dependence kidney donor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aging article caregiver continuing education controlled study drug abuse female health care high risk behavior high school student human male medical school multivariate analysis normal human nursing education prediction priority journal questionnaire CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Urology and Nephrology (28) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006293086 MEDLINE PMID 16797268 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16797268) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.02.095 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 639 TITLE Primary care provider concerns about management of chronic pain in community clinic populations AUTHOR NAMES Upshur C.C. Luckmann R.S. Savageau J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Upshur C.C., Carole.upshur@umassmed.edu; Luckmann R.S.; Savageau J.A.) Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States. (Upshur C.C., Carole.upshur@umassmed.edu) Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 1655, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.C. Upshur, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 1655, United States. Email: Carole.upshur@umassmed.edu SOURCE Journal of General Internal Medicine (2006) 21:6 (652-655). Date of Publication: June 2006 ISSN 0884-8734 1525-1497 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York LLC, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chronic pain is a common patient complaint in primary care, yet providers and patients are often dissatisfied with treatment processes and outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To assess provider satisfaction with their training for and current management of chronic pain in community clinic settings. To identify perceived problems with delivering chronic pain treatment and issues with opioid prescribing for chronic pain. DESIGN: Mailed survey to primary care providers (PCPs) at 8 community clinics. RESULTS: Respondents (N=111) included attendings, residents, and nurse practioners (NPs)/physician assistants (PAs). They reported 37.5% of adult appointments in a typical week involved patients with chronic pain complaints. They attributed problems with pain care and opioid prescribing more often to patient-related factors such as lack of self-management, and potential for abuse of medication than to provider or practice system factors. Nevertheless, respondents reported inadequate training for, and low satisfaction with, delivering chronic pain treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of adult primary care appointments involve patients with chronic pain complains. Dissatisfaction with training and substantial concerns about patient self-management and about opioid prescribing suggest areas for improving medical education and postgraduate training. Emphasis on patient-centered approaches to chronic pain management, including skills for assessing risk of opioid abuse and addiction, is required. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS opiate (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain (disease management, drug therapy) community care outpatient department primary medical care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical practice controlled study health care delivery health survey human nurse physician assistant prescription resident satisfaction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006257114 MEDLINE PMID 16808752 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16808752) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00412.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 640 TITLE Characteristics of drug-related problems discussed by hospital pharmacists in multidisciplinary teams AUTHOR NAMES Blix H.S. Viktil K.K. Moger T.A. Reikvam Å. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blix H.S., Hege.salvesen.blix@fhi.no) Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, Oslo NO-0403, Norway. (Viktil K.K.) Diakonhjemmet Hospital Pharmacy, P.O. Box 23, Vinderen, Oslo NO-0319, Norway. (Moger T.A.) Section of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo NO-0317, Norway. (Reikvam Å.) Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, NO-0316, Norway. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.S. Blix, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, Oslo NO-0403, Norway. Email: Hege.salvesen.blix@fhi.no SOURCE Pharmacy World and Science (2006) 28:3 (152-158). Date of Publication: June 2006 ISSN 0928-1231 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate pharmacist contribution in the therapeutic hospital team by studying drug-related problems (DRPs), pharmacist therapy advice and consequences of the advice. Methods: From May to December 2002, 827 patients in five Norwegian hospitals were included in the study. Demographic data, drugs used, relevant medical history, laboratory data and clinical/pharmacological risk factors were recorded prospectively at the wards. Main outcome measure: DRPs, patients characteristics, pharmacist advice to physicians, nurses or patients, response to the pharmacist advice, and reasons (stated by the pharmacist) for not discussing an identified DRP, were reported. An independent quality assessment team retrospectively assessed the DRPs for a randomly selected number of the study population. Results: On average 2.6 DRPs per patient were found. A total of 2128 DRPs were registered and of these 1583 (74%) DRPs were brought up for discussion. Physician immediate acceptance rates varied from 80% (for extremely important clinically signififcant DRPs) to 50% (for DRPs of minor clinical significance). High age, use of many drugs at admission, existence of many DRPs and many clinical/pharmacological risk factors for DRPs were associated with low immediate acceptance rate. Type of DRP influenced how the DRP was discussed; adverse drug reaction (ADR) and unnecessary drug were discussed with physicians while e.g. medical chart error and need for patient education were discussed with nurses/patients. Reasons for not discussing DRPs in the team were: not given priority (37%), no longer relevant (31%) and others (31%). DRPs of minor clinical significance were most often excluded from discussion (37%) as opposed to 14% and 22% of those of moderate and major clinical significance. Conclusions: The majority of patients had one or more DRPs. The problems identified as DRPs by the pharmacists were accepted as such by the physicians and to a high degree acted upon. Both clinical significance of the DRP and patient characteristics influenced physician immediate acceptance rate. Some DRPs could be solved by direct contact with nurses or the patients. Awareness of DRPs increases through participation of pharmacists in the multidisciplinary therapeutic hospital team. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anticoagulant agent (adverse drug reaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction) opiate (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alanine aminotransferase (endogenous compound) aspartate aminotransferase (endogenous compound) creatinine (endogenous compound) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease (prevention, side effect) drug related problem (prevention, side effect, therapy) hospital pharmacy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article demography doctor nurse relation doctor patient relation female human laboratory diagnosis major clinical study male medical error medical record review multidisciplinary hospital team Norway patient education pharmacist prospective study retrospective study risk factor team building teamwork unnecessary procedure CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alanine aminotransferase (9000-86-6, 9014-30-6) aspartate aminotransferase (9000-97-9) creatinine (19230-81-0, 60-27-5) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006511852 MEDLINE PMID 17004023 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17004023) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9020-z COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 641 TITLE A new role for pediatric nurses: teaching teen drug users how to sterilize their equipment for prevention of infectious disease; a course outline. AUTHOR NAMES Edwards K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Edwards K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Edwards, SOURCE Pediatric nursing (2006) 32:3 (257-262). Date of Publication: 2006 May-Jun ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT This article discusses a sensitive issue that is complex and provocative, and will undoubtedly stimulate a variety of opinions. What do you think? Post your comments about this topic on the Pediatric Nursing Web site and read what others have to say as well. Visit our homepage at www.pediatricnursing.net and click on "Discussion". The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pediatric Nursing Journal or the publisher. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health instrument sterilization nurse attitude patient education pediatric nursing substance abuse (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article case report child behavior child psychology curriculum disease transmission drug abuse female hepatitis C (etiology, prevention) human Human immunodeficiency virus infection (etiology, prevention) information processing information service Internet male methodology nursing nursing methodology research organization and management patient care planning psychological aspect teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16802685 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16802685) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 642 TITLE Training primary care nurses to conduct alcohol screening and brief interventions in South Africa. AUTHOR NAMES Peltzer K. Seoka P. Babor T. Obot I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Peltzer K.; Seoka P.; Babor T.; Obot I.) Human Sciences Research Council & University Limpopo, Cape Town, South Africa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Peltzer, Human Sciences Research Council & University Limpopo, Cape Town, South Africa. Email: KPeltzer@hsrc.ac.za SOURCE Curationis (2006) 29:2 (16-21). Date of Publication: May 2006 ISSN 0379-8577 ABSTRACT Although progress has been made in developing a scientific basis for alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI), training packages are necessary for its widespread dissemination in primary care settings in developing societies. Using a training package developed by the World Health Organisation 121 nurses from one rural site (29 clinics in Vhembe District) and one urban site (3 clinics and 6 mobile clinics in Polokwane/ Seshego) in South Africa were compared before and after SBI training regarding knowledge and attitudes, and the subsequent practice of SBI in routine clinical practice. Although the training effects were at times moderate, all changes were in a direction more conducive to implementing SBI. Health care providers significantly increased in knowledge, confidence in SBI and higher self-efficacy in implementing SBI at follow-up after 9 months after receiving the training. When delivered in the context of a comprehensive SBI implementation programme, this training is effective in changing providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practice of SBI for at-risk drinking. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) counseling in service training mass screening nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health clinical trial female human male middle aged multicenter study nursing primary health care South Africa LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16910130 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16910130) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 643 TITLE Perceptions and Use of Smoking Cessation in Nurse-Midwives' Practice AUTHOR NAMES Price J.H. Jordan T.R. Dake J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Price J.H., jprice@utnet.utoledo.edu; Jordan T.R.; Dake J.A.) SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2006) 51:3 (208-215). Date of Publication: May/June 2006 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine Ohio nurse-midwives' perceptions and use of a smoking cessation protocol in assisting pregnant smokers. The total population of licensed Ohio nurse-midwives (n = 300) was surveyed by using a cross-sectional survey design. Only 4 of 10 items that assessed a nationally recommended method of promoting smoking cessation were done by 50% or more of respondents. Few nurse-midwives identified barriers to counseling pregnant patients who smoked, but the most common were lack of time (14%) and not knowing where to send pregnant smokers for treatment (14%). Most respondents believed that nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) would be most likely to reduce the number of pregnant smokers (74%), yet few (26%) were confident in their ability to prescribe/recommend nicotine replacement therapy. Respondents more likely to use 5 A's can be characterized as the following: had higher efficacy expectations in their ability to communicate issues about the 5 A's and had higher outcome expectations regarding the effects of using the 5 A's. Nurse-midwife training programs and continuing education needs to include current research in nicotine replacement therapy use in pregnant patients and 5 A's techniques to assist pregnant smokers in quitting. © 2006 American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse midwife pregnancy professional practice smoking cessation tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article correlation analysis health promotion health survey human nicotine replacement therapy nurse midwifery education patient counseling prescription prevalence priority journal treatment outcome United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006184940 MEDLINE PMID 16647673 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16647673) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmwh.2005.12.003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 644 TITLE Community outreach with weekly delivery of anti-retroviral drugs compared to cognitive-behavioural health care team-based approach to improve adherence among indigent women newly starting HAART AUTHOR NAMES Visnegarwala F. Rodriguez-Barradass M.C. Graviss E.A. Caprio M. Nykyforchyn M. Laufman L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Visnegarwala F., fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu; Rodriguez-Barradass M.C.; Graviss E.A.; Laufman L.) Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. (Caprio M.) Harris County Hospital District, Houston, TX, United States. (Nykyforchyn M.) University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States. (Rodriguez-Barradass M.C.) Veterans Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States. (Visnegarwala F., fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu) Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F. Visnegarwala, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Email: fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu SOURCE AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV (2006) 18:4 (332-338). Date of Publication: May 2006 ISSN 0954-0121 1360-0451 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Sustained virological suppression requires adherence to >95% of doses of therapy. Overall there is paucity of data on adherence interventions among women and post-intervention outcomes. In this pilot study, we evaluated a novel strategy of weekly delivery of medications (Directly Delivered Therapy: DDT) for six months using an outreach worker (ORW), among ARV naïve indigent women starting HAART and compared the 'during intervention' and 'post-intervention' outcomes to the health care team (a nurse educator, a case worker, a pharmacist and social worker/drug addictions counsellor) based approach termed Adherence Coordination Services (ACS) and the Standard of Care (SoC) historical referent group. The baseline characteristics of the three groups were comparable. The proportion of women who achieved sustained virologic suppression in 4-8 month period for DDT; ACS and SoC groups were 86% (18/21); 54% (6/11); and 36% (8/22) (P < 0.004); and in the 10-14 month period were 80% (12/15); 54% (6/11) and 45%(10/22) (P = 0.036 for DDT vs. SoC). Retention rate in the DDT was 87%, and 92% of 307 ORW visits were kept, and post-intervention satisfaction was high. Short-term weekly delivery of medications using a community based liaison is a feasible, acceptable and a cost-effective strategy for improving both short-term and perhaps long-term adherence among women initiating their first HAART regimen. © 2006 Taylor & Francis. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (drug therapy) community care health care delivery highly active antiretroviral therapy Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy) patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article controlled study cost effectiveness analysis female follow up health service health survey human indigent major clinical study patient satisfaction priority journal questionnaire treatment outcome virus load EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006252703 MEDLINE PMID 16809110 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809110) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120500162155 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 645 TITLE Mental health service provision in juvenile justice facilities: Pre- and postrelease psychiatric care AUTHOR NAMES Chapman J.F. Desai R.A. Falzer P.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chapman J.F., John.Chapman@jud.state.ct.us) State of Connecticut-Judicial Branch, Court Support Services Division, 936 Silas Deane Highway, Wethersfield, CT 06516, United States. (Desai R.A.; Falzer P.R.) Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, VA Connecticut Health System, West Haven, CT, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.F. Chapman, State of Connecticut-Judicial Branch, Court Support Services Division, 936 Silas Deane Highway, Wethersfield, CT 06516, United States. Email: John.Chapman@jud.state.ct.us SOURCE Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America (2006) 15:2 (445-458). Date of Publication: April 2006 Juvenile Justice, Book Series Title: ISSN 1056-4993 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Although in most cases it is preferable to avoid either public or private out-of-home placements within the juvenile justice system, the potential benefits from incarceration should be maximized. Without intervention during this important period, the best possible outcome is perhaps wasted time. Roush [91] states that detention centers are responsible for the care and custody of the children within them, but opinion differs as to which takes precedence. Time spent in a juvenile justice facility should not be idle. Programming designed to address social skill deficits are an important component of any system. Programs designed to control anger, such as aggression replacement training, have shown success [92]. Cognitive behavioral interventions have clearly shown benefit, and case management can be used to bridge the time between preadmission services and planning for postdischarge treatment. Case management should begin at admission and proceed through the sanctions phase, removing barriers throughout and providing emotional support [93]. Benefits from time spent incarcerated can be enhanced by parental involvement. The type of facility may be unimportant. Outcomes of government-operated facilities are similar to those of alternative facilities [94]. To manage health care delivery effectively, the psychiatrist must hold a leadership position within a multidisciplinary team that includes other mental health disciplines, medical and nursing staff, education staff, custody staff, administration, and perhaps court personnel. High rates of complex psychopathology require sophistication and accuracy in assessment [33]. Efficient leadership will recognize potential in custody staff as well as health care. Most detention staff are moderately positive about their occupations and see themselves as effectively influencing the life of the children they encounter [95]. Finally, important information on correctional mental health care practice needs to be updated frequently. Continuous quality improvement requires feedback and a forum for health care practitioners to share information and demonstrate the quality of care they practice [96]. Accreditation by national bodies such as NCCHC is encouraged, and establishment of performance-based measures can gauge effective practice [91], making the experience of working in juvenile justice facilities a rewarding part of one's career. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) justice mental health care mental health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anxiety decision making depression (complication) disability education emotionality evidence based medicine health care health care delivery health practitioner health program human human rights juvenile leadership medical information medical practice medical research medical staff mental disease mental health mortality performance priority journal public health review risk assessment skill stress substance abuse treatment planning EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006112233 MEDLINE PMID 16527665 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16527665) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2005.11.002 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 646 TITLE Treatment of pneumonia in elderly patients AUTHOR NAMES Schmidt-Joanas M. Lode H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schmidt-Joanas M.; Lode H., haloheck@zedat.fu-berlin.de) Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Department of Chest and Infectious Diseases, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn Zum HeckeshornZum Heckeshorn, 3314109 Berlin, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Lode, Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Department of Chest and Infectious Disease, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn Zum Heckeshorn, 3314109 Berlin, Germany. Email: haloheck@zedat.fu-berlin.de SOURCE Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (2006) 7:5 (499-507). Date of Publication: April 2006 ISSN 1465-6566 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69 - 77 Paul Street, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Pneumonia represents the leading cause of infection-related death and the fifth cause of overall mortality, in the elderly. Several risk factors for acquiring pneumonia in older age have been reported, such as alcoholism, lung and heart diseases, nursing home residence and swallowing disorders. The clinical characteristics of pneumonia in the elderly differ substantially compared with younger patients, and the severity of the disease is strongly associated with increased age and age-related comorbidities. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading pathogen responsible for pneumonia in elderly; enteric Gram-negative rods should be considered in nursing-home-acquired pneumonia, as well anaerobes in patients with aspiration pneumonia. Antimicrobial therapy should take into account the most recent guidelines, which are briefly presented in this review. A special consideration should be given to the preventive measures, including vaccination, oral care and nutrition. © 2006 Ashley Publications. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antiinfective agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aminoglycoside antibiotic agent (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) amoxicillin (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug administration) amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy) ampicillin (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) antibiotic agent (clinical trial, drug combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) azithromycin (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) beta lactam antibiotic (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) cefotaxime (drug therapy) cefpodoxime (drug therapy, oral drug administration) ceftriaxone (drug therapy, parenteral drug administration) cefuroxime (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) cephalosporin (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy) ciprofloxacin (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) clarithromycin (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) clindamycin (drug therapy) doxycycline (drug therapy) imipenem (drug therapy) influenza vaccine (drug combination, drug therapy) levofloxacin (drug therapy) macrolide (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) meropenem (drug therapy) moxifloxacin (drug therapy) piperacillin (drug therapy) Pneumococcus vaccine (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) polysaccharide vaccine (drug therapy) quinoline derived antiinfective agent (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) sultamicillin (drug therapy) tazobactam (drug therapy) unindexed drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pneumonia (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, prevention, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcoholism aspiration pneumonia (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, prevention, therapy) clinical trial community acquired pneumonia (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, prevention, therapy) comorbidity diet therapy disease severity drug hypersensitivity (side effect) drug megadose dysphagia elderly care fatality Gram negative bacterium heart disease human lung disease mortality mouth hygiene nursing home patient nutrition prognosis review risk factor Streptococcus pneumoniae systematic review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amoxicillin (26787-78-0, 34642-77-8, 61336-70-7) amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (74469-00-4, 79198-29-1) ampicillin (69-52-3, 69-53-4, 7177-48-2, 74083-13-9, 94586-58-0) azithromycin (83905-01-5) cefotaxime (63527-52-6, 64485-93-4) cefpodoxime (82619-04-3) ceftriaxone (73384-59-5, 74578-69-1) cefuroxime (55268-75-2, 56238-63-2) cephalosporin (11111-12-9) ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1) clarithromycin (81103-11-9) clindamycin (18323-44-9) doxycycline (10592-13-9, 17086-28-1, 564-25-0) imipenem (64221-86-9) levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0) meropenem (96036-03-2) moxifloxacin (151096-09-2) piperacillin (59703-84-3, 61477-96-1) sultamicillin (76497-13-7) tazobactam (93528-38-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5) Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Drug Literature Index (37) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006176759 MEDLINE PMID 16553566 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16553566) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.7.5.499 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 647 TITLE Medical errors challenges for the health professionals: need of Pharmacovigilance to prevent. AUTHOR NAMES Das B.P. Rauniar G.P. Bhattacharya S.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Das B.P.; Rauniar G.P.; Bhattacharya S.K.) BP Koirala Institute of Health Science, Dharan, Nepal. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.P. Das, BP Koirala Institute of Health Science, Dharan, Nepal. Email: bpdas2000@yahoo.com SOURCE JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association (2006) 45:162 (273-278). Date of Publication: 2006 Apr-Jun ISSN 0028-2715 ABSTRACT The incidence of different aspects of iatrogenic problems due to drugs is Adverse Events (AEs) 3.7%, Adverse Drug Events (ADEs) 2.4-6.5%, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) is 6.7%. Negligence in serious ADEs and death is 34% and 51% respectively, preventable ADEs is 25-50%. Medication Errors (MEs) occur most often in perscribing (29-56%). The most common cause of MEs is lack of knowledge about the drug (29%) and the patient about 18%. MEs result malpractice claims in 13-25% of cases which occur due to mistakes and slips of action & lapses of memory. The MEs can be prevented by establishing effective Pharmacovigilance control center, which frequently gives proper guidance to the prescribers. Use of computerized decision for prescription writing, effective communication with patient, families, pharmacists and nurses and continuing medical education on information of new drugs and new information on current drugs can be effective tolls to prevent the errors. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care personnel legal liability malpractice medication error (prevention) professional practice EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug surveillance program hospital organization human incidence legal aspect medical information system professional standard review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 18365356 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18365356) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 648 TITLE Using the Rx for change tobacco curriculum in advanced practice nursing education AUTHOR NAMES Kelley F.J. Heath J. Crowell N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelley F.J., kelleyj@georgetown.edu) Family Nurse Practitioner Program, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, 3700 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States. (Heath J.) Acute Care Nurse Practitioner and Acute and Critical Care Clinical Nurse Specialist Program, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, 3700 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States. (Crowell N.) Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, 3700 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States. (Kelley F.J., kelleyj@georgetown.edu) Family Nurse Practitioner Program, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Box 571107, 3700 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.J. Kelley, Family Nurse Practitioner Program, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Box 571107, 3700 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States. Email: kelleyj@georgetown.edu SOURCE Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America (2006) 18:1 (131-138). Date of Publication: March 2006 Tobacco Use and Smoking Cessation in Acute and Critical Care, Book Series Title: ISSN 0899-5885 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT In today's health care system, nurses, in particular APNs, must be accountable for and driven by quality outcome indicators and performance measures. APN students who have the knowledge and skills to intervene in tobacco-cessation interventions will be in a better position to meet Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations standards for counseling patients who have myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia [17]. Additionally, the integration of tobacco-cessation content into APN programs will meet the academic standards or competencies established by the AACN [18] and the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculty [19] that focus on health promotion and disease prevention. Implementing curricular change, especially when considering the addition of content, has challenges [20], but nursing faculty must ensure that students receive an education that is relevant for practice and that is evidence based. Six hours of a nursing curriculum intervention, such as the Rx for Change, can go a long way to reduce the prevalence and human costs of smoking. At the very least, nurses should learn more about tobacco, nicotine, and tobacco-cessation counseling at www/rxforchange.org; the next patient's life may depend on it. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nurse nurse practitioner nursing education smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult clinical competence counseling education evaluation study family nursing female health care quality human intensive care male methodology middle aged nurse midwife pilot study psychological aspect review self concept standard tobacco dependence (prevention) United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16546016 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16546016) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/earl.2006.0024 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 649 TITLE Participants' evaluation of a training programme in dual diagnosis. AUTHOR NAMES Cooper P. Doolin N. Hemming I. Rowlands E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cooper P.; Doolin N.; Hemming I.; Rowlands E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Cooper, Email: philip.cooper@5boroughspartnership.nhs.uk SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2006) 20:25 (48-56). Date of Publication: 2006 Mar 1-7 ISSN 0029-6570 ABSTRACT A training programme in dual diagnosis (mental health and substance misuse) began in 2003 across three NHS trusts and was funded by Cheshire and Merseyside Strategic Health Authority. This article examines the background to the training programme in dual diagnosis and reports the progress during the first year. It examines what was provided across the three training programmes and participants' evaluation of the programmes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication, diagnosis, therapy) health personnel attitude in service training mental disease (complication, diagnosis, therapy) nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health clinical competence community health nursing curriculum education evaluation study health care quality human mental health service organization and management program development psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric nursing psychological aspect public relations quality control questionnaire self evaluation standard United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16536398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16536398) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 650 TITLE Knowing how to play the game: Hospitalized substance abusers' strategies for obtaining pain relief AUTHOR NAMES Morgan B.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morgan B.D., Betty_Morgan@uml.edu) University of Massachusetts Lowell School of Health and Environment, Department of Nursing, 3 Solomont Way, Lowell, MA 01854, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.D. Morgan, University of Massachusetts Lowell School of Health and Environment, Department of Nursing, 3 Solomont Way, Lowell, MA 01854, United States. Email: Betty_Morgan@uml.edu SOURCE Pain Management Nursing (2006) 7:1 (31-41). Date of Publication: March 2006 ISSN 1524-9042 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT This study explored hospitalized substance abusers' perspectives about getting their pain adequately addressed in the hospital setting and their interactions with nurses about pain-management issues. The aim of the study was to generate theory that can contribute to a greater understanding of the problem of pain management with this population. A grounded theory approach was used to interview participants with a substance abuse problem who were hospitalized with a medical/surgical problem. Interviews were conducted using an interview guide; interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. In addition, a focus group of nurses who worked with this population met twice, once midway through the study, and before the final participant interview. The nurses commented on the fit of the developing model according to their experiences of working with the population described. Eighteen participants were interviewed for a total of 20 interviews (two participants were interviewed twice). All participants were polysubstance abusers and had a painful medical/surgical problem for which they were hospitalized. The Model of "Knowing How to Play the Game" was developed on the basis of participants' descriptions of their experiences and consisted of two core action categories "Feeling Respected/Not Respected" and "fStrategizing to Get Pain Relief." Participants had many suggestions about nursing actions that were helpful or not helpful in assisting them to obtain pain relief. Nursing practice, education, research, and policy implications were discussed. © 2006 by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) hospital patient nurse patient relationship nursing staff pain (complication, prevention) psychological model EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult aggression article attitude to health defense mechanism health personnel attitude health service human information processing machiavellianism middle aged model nurse attitude nursing methodology research patient advocacy psychological aspect social psychology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16490734 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16490734) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2005.12.003 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 651 TITLE Response phases in methadone treatment for chronic nonmalignant pain AUTHOR NAMES Arnaert A. Ciccotosto G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arnaert A., Antonia.arnaert@mcgill.ca) McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University Street, Montreal, Que. H2A 2A7, Canada. (Ciccotosto G.) Centre de Sante Inuulitsivik, Puvirnituq, Que., Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.A. Arnaert, McGill University, School of Nursing, 3506 University Street, Montreal, Que. H2A 2A7, Canada. Email: Antonia.arnaert@mcgill.ca SOURCE Pain Management Nursing (2006) 7:1 (23-30). Date of Publication: March 2006 ISSN 1524-9042 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT Although studies on the beliefs of persons with chronic nonmalignant pain (CNMP) are still scarce, methadone is increasingly prescribed for the treatment of CNMP. This qualitative case study uses semistructured interviews to explore the beliefs of 11 patients with CNMP and the challenges they faced coming to terms with and integrating methadone treatment into their lives. The study identifies a two-phase process of acceptance and integration. In the first phase, during acceptance of the prescribed methadone treatment, initial beliefs were mostly determined by the societal stigma that "methadone is for junkies." Different influencing factors such as knowledge about methadone for pain management, family support, and trust in physicians changed behavior in a positive way. In the second phase, patients dealt with the degree of disclosure about their treatment. Full disclosers have no problem in telling others that they were being treated with methadone, whereas partial disclosers were more selective. They were confronted with various barriers: negative encounters with family, friends, and the public; past addict experiences; safety issues; and obstacles within the health care system. As a result of these challenges, their beliefs were summarized as: "others think I'm an addict," and "methadone can harm me and/or my family." This study highlights the important role nurses have in the education of patients on the use of methadone in pain management, and in assisting patients with CNMP to gain confidence and a greater sense of control to cope with the challenging issues related to disclosing information. © 2006 by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) methadone (drug therapy) narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) pain (drug therapy, etiology) patient attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult article attitude to health Canada chronic disease defense mechanism epidemiology family female human male middle aged nurse attitude nursing methodology research patient education psychological aspect psychological model qualitative research questionnaire self concept self disclosure social psychology social support trust CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16490733 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16490733) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2005.12.004 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 652 TITLE Pain management in the older patient AUTHOR NAMES Chopra A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chopra A.) Education and Clinical Programs, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, UMDNJ-School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Chopra, Education and Clinical Programs, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, UMDNJ-School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States. SOURCE Clinical Geriatrics (2006) 14:3 (40-46). Date of Publication: Mar 2006 ISSN 1095-1598 ABSTRACT Pain, an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, is a frequent complaint in community-dwelling elderly persons, with an even higher prevalence in elderly nursing home residents. An individual's self-report of pain is the most accurate and reliable evidence of its existence, as there are no objective biomarkers. In this CME article, Dr. Chopra discusses the prevalence of pain, the pathophysiologic classes of pain and common causes of each, the assessment of pain, and treatment options for the older patient. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug comparison, drug therapy) amitriptyline (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration, transdermal drug administration) anticonvulsive agent (drug combination, drug therapy) antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy) carbamazepine (drug therapy) celecoxib (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) choline magnesium trisalicylate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) fentanyl (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, transdermal drug administration) gabapentin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration) ibuprofen (drug therapy) methadone (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmaceutics, subcutaneous drug administration) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) norpethidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) nortriptyline (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy) opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, subcutaneous drug administration, transdermal drug administration) oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmaceutics) paracetamol (drug comparison, drug therapy) paracetamol plus tramadol (drug therapy) pethidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics) pregabalin (drug therapy) rofecoxib (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tramadol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) unclassified drug unindexed drug valdecoxib (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia geriatrics pain (drug therapy, etiology, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accuracy aged anticholinergic effect article ataxia (side effect) balance disorder (side effect) behavior therapy cardiovascular disease (side effect) cerebrovascular accident chronic pain (drug therapy, etiology, therapy) cognitive defect (side effect) cognitive therapy consciousness disorder (side effect) constipation (side effect) diabetic neuropathy (complication, drug therapy) dizziness (side effect) drug absorption drug dependence (side effect) drug formulation drug induced headache (side effect) drug mechanism emotion gastrointestinal hemorrhage (side effect) gastrointestinal symptom (side effect) heart failure (side effect) heart infarction (side effect) human ischemic heart disease (side effect) kinesiotherapy mental disease (side effect) musculoskeletal disease nausea (side effect) nephrotoxicity (side effect) neuropathic pain (drug therapy, etiology, therapy) neurotoxicity (side effect) orthostatic hypotension (side effect) pain assessment pathophysiology peptic ulcer (side effect) peripheral neuropathy peripheral vascular disease postherpetic neuralgia (complication, drug therapy) prevalence rating scale reliability residential home respiration depression (side effect) rheumatic polymyalgia sedation seizure (side effect) self report sensation skin manifestation (side effect) somnolence (side effect) trigeminus neuralgia (drug therapy) DRUG TRADE NAMES aspirin CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) celecoxib (169590-42-5) choline magnesium trisalicylate (64425-90-7) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) fentanyl (437-38-7) gabapentin (60142-96-3) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) norpethidine (77-17-8) nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) paracetamol (103-90-2) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) pregabalin (148553-50-8) rofecoxib (162011-90-7, 186912-82-3) tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0) valdecoxib (181695-72-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Pharmacy (39) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006165526 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 653 TITLE Effectiveness of strategies to implement brief alcohol intervention in primary healthcare: A systematic review AUTHOR NAMES Nilsen P. Aalto M. Bendtsen P. Seppä K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nilsen P.; Bendtsen P.) Department of Health and Society, Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, Sweden. (Aalto M.) Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Finland. (Seppä K., kaija-liisa.seppa@uta.fi) Department of General Practice, University of Tampere, Finland. (Seppä K., kaija-liisa.seppa@uta.fi) Department of Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, Finland. (Seppä K., kaija-liisa.seppa@uta.fi) Medical School, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Seppä, Medical School, University of Tampere, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland. Email: kaija-liisa.seppa@uta.fi SOURCE Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care (2006) 24:1 (5-15). Date of Publication: March 2006 ISSN 0281-3432 1502-7724 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis A.S., P.O. Box 2562 Solli, Oslo, Norway. ABSTRACT Objective. To review systematically the available literature on implementation of brief alcohol interventions in primary healthcare in order to determine the effectiveness of the implementation efforts by the health are providers. Key question. To what extent have the efforts to implement brief alcohol interventions in primary healthcare environments been successful? Method. Literature search from Medline, Cinahl, PsychLIT, Cochrane. Setting. Primary healthcare. Material. A total of 11 studies encompassing 921 GPs, 266 nurses, 88 medical students, and 44 "non-physicians" from Europe, the USA, and Australia. Main outcome measures. Material utilization, screening, and brief intervention rates. Answer. Intervention effectiveness (material utilization, screening, and brief intervention rates) generally increased with the intensity of the intervention effort, i.e. the amount of training and/or support provided. Nevertheless, the overall effectiveness was rather modest. However, the studies examined were too heterogeneous, not scientifically rigorous enough, and applied too brief follow-up times to provide conclusive answers. © 2006 Taylor & Francis. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption alcoholism primary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS evaluation study follow up general practice health care personnel human patient counseling practice guideline questionnaire review screening secondary prevention EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006075958 MEDLINE PMID 16464809 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16464809) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02813430500475282 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 654 TITLE Providing health education on accidental drug overdose. AUTHOR NAMES Branagan O. Grogan L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Branagan O.; Grogan L.) Addiction Service, Dublin, Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Branagan, Addiction Service, Dublin, Ireland. SOURCE Nursing times (2006) 102:6 (32-33). Date of Publication: 2006 Feb 7-13 ISSN 0954-7762 ABSTRACT There is an association between intravenous drug use and increased risk of death due to overdose. This article reports on the evaluation of a health promotion programme to educate drug users on preventing an overdose and how to deal with an overdose if it occurs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education intoxication (prevention) opiate addiction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug dependence treatment health care quality human nursing teaching United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16494289 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16494289) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 655 TITLE Undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of substance use and misuse: a Brazilian position. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Villar-Luis M. Carraro T.E. Lopes G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.; Villar-Luis M.; Carraro T.E.; Lopes G.) University of Sao Paulo (EERP-USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, University of Sao Paulo (EERP-USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil. Email: grasscool@sgul.ac.uk SOURCE Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing (2006) 13:1 (85-89). Date of Publication: Feb 2006 ISSN 1351-0126 ABSTRACT Alcohol, cocaine and cannabis are the substances most commonly abused in Brazil. There is limited evidence on the perceptions of undergraduate nursing students towards substance misuse. Negative attitudes, in combination with the lack of appropriate knowledge and skills, may result in minimal care provided to substance misusers. The aims of the study are to examine the knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate nursing students towards substance misusers and consider the implications of these attitudes for nursing education. The Nurse Education in Alcohol and Drug Educational Faculty Survey (NEADA) questionnaire on knowledge and education, nursing interventions, attitudes and values was distributed to undergraduate nurses (n = 227) in the south and south-eastern part of Brazil. The findings showed that there is a lack of adequate education in drug and alcohol use and misuse, including competency skills, but the participants were positive about treatment interventions. A paradigm shift in nurse education curricula and further research studies on attitudes and values towards substance misuse should be on the educational agenda. These are challenges faced by nurses to meet the healthcare needs of substance misusers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, etiology) attitude to health health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article Brazil (epidemiology) clinical competence curriculum epidemiology female health service human male nurse attitude nursing nursing assessment nursing methodology research organization organization and management philosophy psychological aspect questionnaire social psychology standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16441398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16441398) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 656 TITLE An evidence-based project to improve depression and alcohol use screening. AUTHOR NAMES Valente S. Nemec C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Valente S.; Nemec C.) Department of Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Valente, Department of Veterans Affairs, Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA. Email: sharon.valente@med.va.gov SOURCE Journal of nursing care quality (2006) 21:1 (93-98). Date of Publication: 2006 Jan-Mar ISSN 1057-3631 ABSTRACT Using research to improve practice is a high priority. Research shows that routine screening helps identify adults who are at risk for various disorders. Depression and alcohol use screening tools can improve evaluation and treatment. Nurses aimed to improve the screening rates for depression and alcohol use from the existing 50%-80% to 100% with a 1-hour educational program on depression screening and alcohol use disorders screening for 2 clinic areas: primary care and home-based care. Post program evaluation revealed that depression screening and alcohol use disorders screening rates increased to 100%. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) depression (diagnosis) evidence based medicine mass screening nursing education total quality management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education evaluation study health care delivery health care quality health personnel attitude home care human nurse attitude nursing methodology research organization and management outcome assessment primary health care program development psychological aspect quality control standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16340695 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16340695) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 657 TITLE HAART to heart: HIV-related cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular complications. AUTHOR NAMES Dakin C.L. O'Connor C.A. Patsdaughter C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dakin C.L.; O'Connor C.A.; Patsdaughter C.A.) School of Nursing, Bouvè College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Dakin, School of Nursing, Bouvè College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Email: c.dakin@neu.edu SOURCE AACN clinical issues (2006) 17:1 (18-29; quiz 88-2990). Date of Publication: 2006 Jan-Mar ISSN 1079-0713 ABSTRACT More than one million Americans have been diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Advances in prevention and treatment of HIV have led to an increased life expectancy for patients with HIV infection. Due to their increased life span, HIV+ patients are now presenting to hospitals with an increased number of diverse late-stage complications, such as cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular conditions. These complications are as a direct or indirect result of HIV disease, HIV treatment modalities, comorbid conditions, dietary and lifestyle factors, and unknown etiologies. Cardiac complications, particularly HIV-related dilated cardiomyopathy, are potentially life-threatening diagnoses, with symptoms that may be minimized with appropriate cardiac-specific assessments and treatments, patient teaching, and collaboration among nurses caring for the HIV-positive client with cardiac disease. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cardiovascular disease (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy) congestive cardiomyopathy (diagnosis, epidemiology, therapy) Human immunodeficiency virus infection (complication, diagnosis) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS African American case report CD4 lymphocyte count community health nursing electrocardiography health health care health service highly active antiretroviral therapy home care human incidence male middle aged nurse attitude nursing assessment patient referral psychological aspect review risk factor statistics substance abuse (complication) treatment refusal United States (epidemiology) virology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16462405 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16462405) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 658 TITLE Antiepileptic drug use and epileptic seizures in elderly nursing home residents: A survey in the province of Pavia, Northern Italy AUTHOR NAMES Galimberti C.A. Magri F. Magnani B. Arbasino C. Cravello L. Marchioni E. Tartara A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Galimberti C.A., carloandrea.galimberti@mondino.it; Arbasino C.; Marchioni E.; Tartara A.) I.R.C.C.S. C. Mondino Institute of Neurology Foundation, via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy. (Magri F.; Cravello L.) Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, Department of Geriatrics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. (Magnani B.) Statistics Unit, Azienda Per I Servizi Alla Persona (ASP), Pavia, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.A. Galimberti, I.R.C.C.S. C. Mondino Institute of Neurology Foundation, via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy. Email: carloandrea.galimberti@mondino.it SOURCE Epilepsy Research (2006) 68:1 (1-8). Date of Publication: January 2006 ISSN 0920-1211 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Some surveys indicate that elderly nursing home residents are extensively prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Few studies have evaluated the prevalence of seizure-related diagnoses as a risk factor for AED administration in nursing homes. To assess the prevalence of AED use and of epileptic seizures in the elderly nursing home residents in our country, we considered age and gender data, functional status (measured by the Barthel's Index), drugs currently administered on a scheduled basis, clinical diagnoses from the patient's chart including possible history of epileptic seizures, of all subjects aged 60 years and over living in 21 federated nursing homes in the province of Pavia, Northern Italy. Data relating to 2.001 subjects (77.5 % females) were collected over a 4-month period (September-December 2000). Eighty-seven of the 2.001 residents (4.3%; 5.3% of all the males and 4.0% of all the females) were taking AEDs and 58 (3.5% of all the males and 2.7% of all the females), all of them under treatment with at least one AED, had epileptic seizures in their history. Both these subgroups had a mean modified Barthel's Index score significantly lower than that of the population as a whole. Phenobarbitone was the most frequently prescribed AED, and the penetration of newer AEDs was minimal. Subjects in early old age (60-74 years) were more likely than older subjects to take an AED. Logistic regression indicated a significant association between seizures reports, a younger age and a history of cerebrovascular events, alcohol abuse and meningiomas. The prevalence of AED use in this study was lower than that found by previous U.S. studies: nevertheless, our data confirm male gender and early old age as factors associated with AED taking in elderly nursing home residents. In our series AED users showed a lower level of autonomy. Taken together, our data suggest that an earlier institutionalization of seizure subjects could be facilitated by the clustering of various conditions, such as seizures, cerebrovascular events, other clinical disorders and a possibly inappropriate anticonvulsant treatment. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS carbamazepine (drug therapy) clonazepam (drug therapy) diazepam (drug therapy) phenobarbital (drug therapy) phenytoin (drug therapy) primidone (drug therapy) valproic acid (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) seizure (drug therapy, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcohol abuse Barthel index cerebrovascular disease conference paper controlled study disease association elderly care female groups by age health survey human Italy logistic regression analysis major clinical study male medical record meningioma nursing home patient population research prescription prevalence priority journal scoring system sex difference United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) clonazepam (1622-61-3) diazepam (439-14-5) phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) primidone (125-33-7) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Epilepsy Abstracts (50) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006016708 MEDLINE PMID 16330188 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16330188) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.09.031 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 659 TITLE School nurses' opinions about the prevention of tobacco use AUTHOR NAMES Reinert B. Carver V. Range L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reinert B.; Carver V.; Range L.M., L.Range@usm.edu) University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, United States. (Range L.M., L.Range@usm.edu) University of Southern Mississippi, Box 5125, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Range, University of Southern Mississippi, Box 5125, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5025, United States. Email: L.Range@usm.edu SOURCE Journal of Community Health Nursing (2005) 22:4 (205-211). Date of Publication: Winter 2005 ISSN 0737-0016 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT To further understand school nurses' tobacco policy beliefs and attitudes toward tobacco companies, a convenience sample of 53 school nurses completed questionnaires about antitobacco policies and attitudes toward tobacco companies. Overall, these nurses strongly agreed with tobacco policies such as banning youths from wearing clothing with a tobacco logo to school and fining restaurant owners who permit smoking. In addition, these nurses on average were negative toward tobacco companies. For example, they thought that tobacco companies and advertising leads to youth tobacco use. However, this group of school nurses thought that youths were basically neutral toward tobacco companies. Considering their professional experience with tobacco prevention at school, school nurses would be logical designers of tobacco prevention school interventions. An implication of these results(1) is that school nurse education should include policy and activism components. Copyright © 2005, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) tobacco smoke EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse school smoking habit tobacco dependence (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult advertizing article attitude catering service education program female health care policy human human experiment normal human primary prevention public opinion EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005535853 MEDLINE PMID 16245972 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16245972) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327655jchn2204_3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 660 TITLE The case for alcohol research as a focus of study by nurse researchers. AUTHOR NAMES Stevenson J.S. Sommers M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stevenson J.S.; Sommers M.S.) Graduate Program, Mount Carmel College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.S. Stevenson, Graduate Program, Mount Carmel College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, USA. SOURCE Annual review of nursing research (2005) 23 (3-26). Date of Publication: 2005 ISSN 0739-6686 ABSTRACT Sixty percent of the U.S. population drinks alcohol. Although numerous investigators have shown that low-volume alcohol intake has positive influences on cardiovascular health, bone density, and cognition, there is a fine line between positive, neutral, and negative ramifications of alcohol consumption on health. Alcohol accounts for 7% of the global burden of disease and injury from all causes and for 10% to 11% of all illnesses and death each year worldwide. So alcohol use is a two-edged sword. Psychiatric nurses have a long history of involvement with alcoholic patients, and alcohol users, misusers, and abusers comprise a significant percentage of the patient load in every specialty and subspecialty of nursing. Yet nursing education has neglected this important area of content in general nursing curricula, staff development has not trained mainstream nurses to routinely assess for alcohol problems among hospital patients, and primary care providers have failed to do case finding. During the past 25 years, the federal government has funded curricular and faculty development programs to bring alcohol information into the core of health provider training. The process has been halting and minimally successful at best. One ramification of the inattention to alcohol-related education is the dearth of nurse-scientists engaged in programs of research in the field of alcohol abuse. A federally funded faculty development program in the 1990s focused attention on this issue, and a small cadre of nurses were trained to do related research. Several of the authors in this volume are members of that group. A brief overview of the focus of each of the remaining chapters in this volume is presented. A rationale is provided for the importance of this area of research for nursing knowledge and quality patient care in essentially all areas of nursing practice. Finally, several burning research questions are posed that would most appropriately be answered through nursing research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism drinking behavior nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum financial management human nursing nursing education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16350761 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16350761) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 661 TITLE Turning around the intergenerational impact of residential schools on aboriginal people: Implications for health policy and practice AUTHOR NAMES Smith D. Varcoe C. Edwards N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith D.) University of Ottawa, Ont., Canada. (Varcoe C.) School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. (Edwards N.) School of Nursing, Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, . (Edwards N.) Community Health Research Unit, University of Ottawa, . (Edwards N.) City of Ottawa Health Department, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Smith, University of Ottawa, Ont., Canada. SOURCE Canadian Journal of Nursing Research (2005) 37:4 (38-60). Date of Publication: December 2005 ISSN 0844-5621 BOOK PUBLISHER McGill University, School fof Nursing ABSTRACT This paper reports on the first wave of results from a. study exploring the views and experiences of community-based stakeholders on improving care for pregnant and parenting Aboriginal people in Canada. The issue of poor access to prenatal care by Aboriginal women and families is viewed through a post-colonial lens within a historical and social location. This case study was guided by participatory research principles. Data were collected through exploratory interviews and small-group discussions. The sample comprised purposively selected community leaders, providers, and community members affiliated with 2 Aboriginal health-care organizations in a mainly rural region. Participants from all 3 stakeholder groups expressed the view that care should be based on an understanding of the priorities and experiences of the pregnant and parenting Aboriginal women and families themselves. Therefore the research question What are Aboriginal parents' views of the importance of pregnancy and parenting? was added to highlight the views and life experiences of Aboriginal parents. "Turning around" the intergenerational impact of residential schools was identified as pivotal to care. The results suggest that pregnancy and parenting must be understood as reflecting both the unique individual and family experiences of Aboriginal people and the intergenerational impact of residential schools as an instrument of collective violence and as a key factor in Aboriginal Canadians' inequitable health status and access to health services. © McGill University School of Nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American Indian attitude to health human relation parent prenatal care school EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult article Canada compensation consumer cultural anthropology cultural factor ethnology female health care policy health service housing human information processing male nursing methodology research organization and management political system poverty psychological aspect social psychology violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, French MEDLINE PMID 16541818 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16541818) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 662 TITLE The use of ergogenic agents in high school athletes. AUTHOR NAMES Rosenfield C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rosenfield C.) Port Charlotte, FL, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Rosenfield, Port Charlotte, FL, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:6 (333-339). Date of Publication: Dec 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Statistics reporting adolescent use of ergogenic agents are staggering. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, 6.1% of students from grades 9 through 12 had taken illegal anabolic steroids without a prescription one or more times during their lifetime. Additionally, more adolescent athletes are using non-Food and Drug Administration-regulated herbal supplements that claim ergogenic benefits. Many athletes either are unaware of or do not consider the possible health risks caused by these agents. School-based programs for athletes may be successful in preventing the use of ergogenic agents by increasing knowledge about such agents and offering skills in critical thinking to improve decision-making skills. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anabolic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) doping (prevention) health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent diet supplementation (adverse drug reaction) evidence based medicine female human male methodology review risk factor school health nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16285842 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16285842) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 663 TITLE "My nurse taught me how to have a healthy baby and be a good mother:" Nurse home visiting with pregnant women 1888 to 2005 AUTHOR NAMES Dawley K. Beam R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dawley K., kd25@drexel.edu) Drexel University, College of Nursing and Health Professions, 235 Pelham Road, Philadelphia, PA 19119, United States. (Beam R.) National Nurse Family Partnership, 1900 Grant Street, Denver, CO 80203, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Dawley, Drexel University, College of Nursing and Health Professions, 235 Pelham Road, Philadelphia, PA 19119, United States. Email: kd25@drexel.edu SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (2005) 40:4 (803-815). Date of Publication: December 2005 School-Based Health Centers and Nurse-Managed Health Centers, Book Series Title: ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT Nurse home visiting with pregnant women and new mothers in the early decades of the twentieth century was designed to improve birth and newborn outcomes, hasten Americanization of immigrant mothers, and improve their parenting skills (Fig. 4). Today the NFP home visitation program improves newborn and child outcomes by positively influencing maternal role attainment and significantly decreasing maternal smoking and other substance abuse, child abuse and neglect, and children's emergency room visits. It also improves life possibilities for vulnerable young women by decreasing the interval and frequency of subsequent pregnancies and reduces dependence on welfare by increasing workforce participation. The program's effects do not end with the intervention. Long term follow-up in randomized controlled clinical trials has shown that in adolescence children whose mothers were participants in the NFP intervention had fewer arrests and convictions, less drug use, and fewer sexual partners. Nurse-home visiting has always been a practice with a higher level of independent nursing assessment and decision-making. Over time, this nursing practice has been implemented by independent nursing organizations such VNAs, nurse-run settlement houses, and nurse-managed centers. Today the NFP outcomes show that this program of home visitation, which is grounded in theories of child development, attachment, and behavioral change, has the potential for reducing the damaging and widespread problems experienced by low-income, vulnerable women and their children. As a result, four states have committed to initiatives funding statewide replication of this program, and together with 19 other states without statewide initiatives, have developed replication sites in 250 counties nationwide. Today, Olds and colleagues in national and regional offices, and NFP nurse home visitors around the country, work toward the goal of making this program available to every vulnerable family in the United States. Nurses, by maintaining fidelity to the NFP model, ensure that its impact continues to change the life course trajectory for multiple generations of families. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing health education home care maternal care nurse attitude nurse patient relationship EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS female history human infant welfare maternal behavior maternal welfare newborn pregnancy review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16324953 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16324953) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2005.08.011 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 664 TITLE Prevalence of physical and verbal aggressive behaviours and associated factors among older adults in long-term care facilities AUTHOR NAMES Voyer P. Verreault R. Azizah G.M. Desrosiers J. Champoux N. Bédard A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Voyer P., philippe.voyer@fsi.ulaval.ca; Azizah G.M., ginette.azizah@cha.quebec.qc.ca) Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Quebec City, Que., Canada. (Verreault R., Rene.Verreault@msp.ulaval.ca) Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Que., Canada. (Desrosiers J., johanne.desrosiers@USherbrooke.ca) Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada. (Champoux N., nathalie.champoux@umontreal.ca) Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Que., Canada. (Bédard A., Annick.bedard@psy.ulava.ca) School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Que., Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Voyer, Faculty of Nursing, Laval University, Quebec City, Que., Canada. Email: philippe.voyer@fsi.ulaval.ca SOURCE BMC Geriatrics (2005) 5 Article Number: 13. Date of Publication: 10 Nov 2005 ISSN 1471-2318 1471-2318 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER BioMed Central Ltd., 34 - 42 Cleveland Street, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Verbal and physical aggressive behaviours are among the most disturbing and distressing behaviours displayed by older patients in long-term care facilities. Aggressive behaviour (AB) is often the reason for using physical or chemical restraints with nursing home residents and is a major concern for caregivers. AB is associated with increased health care costs due to staff turnover and absenteeism. Methods: The goals of this secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study are to determine the prevalence of verbal and physical aggressive behaviours and to identify associated factors among older adults in long-term care facilities in the Quebec City area (n = 2 332). Results: The same percentage of older adults displayed physical aggressive behaviour (21.2%) or verbal aggressive behaviour (21.5%), whereas 11.2% displayed both types of aggressive behaviour. Factors associated with aggressive behaviour (both verbal and physical) were male gender, neuroleptic drug use, mild and severe cognitive impairment, insomnia, psychological distress, and physical restraints. Factors associated with physical aggressive behaviour were older age, male gender, neuroleptic drug use, mild or severe cognitive impairment, insomnia and psychological distress. Finally, factors associated with verbal aggressive behaviour were benzodiazepine and neuroleptic drug use, functional dependency, mild or severe cognitive impairment and insomnia. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment severity is the most significant predisposing factor for aggressive behaviour among older adults in long-term care facilities in the Quebec City area. Physical and chemical restraints were also significantly associated with AB. Based on these results, we suggest that caregivers should provide care to older adults with AB using approaches such as the progressively lowered stress threshold model and reactance theory which stress the importance of paying attention to the severity of cognitive impairment and avoiding the use of chemical or physical restraints. © 2005 Voyer et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS benzodiazepine (adverse drug reaction) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aggression behavior disorder (side effect) verbal behavior EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS absenteeism aged article Canada caregiver cognitive defect controlled study disease predisposition disease severity distress syndrome drug use female gender health care cost health care personnel human immobilization insomnia long term care major clinical study male nursing home prevalence senescence sex difference CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005566741 MEDLINE PMID 16280091 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16280091) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-5-13 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 665 TITLE International nursing leadership related to the drugs phenomenon: a case study of the partnership experience between the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) and the University of Alberta--Faculty of Nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Wright M.G. Caufield C. Gray G. Olson J. Ludueña A.C. Musayon Oblitas F.Y. Huaiquian Silva J. David H.M. Piedra Chavez K.A. Bernal Roldán M.C. Cartana M.H. Allonso Castillo M.M. Pillon S. Galera S.A. Randuz V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wright M.G.; Caufield C.; Gray G.; Olson J.; Ludueña A.C.; Musayon Oblitas F.Y.; Huaiquian Silva J.; David H.M.; Piedra Chavez K.A.; Bernal Roldán M.C.; Cartana M.H.; Allonso Castillo M.M.; Pillon S.; Galera S.A.; Randuz V.) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission, Organization of American States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.G. Wright, Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission, Organization of American States. SOURCE Revista latino-americana de enfermagem (2005) 13 Spec No (1102-1117). Date of Publication: 2005 Nov-Dec ISSN 0104-1169 ABSTRACT In this article, the authors discuss the value of international health in advancing the nursing profession through the development of strong leadership in the area of drug demand reduction. Paradigms for nursing leadership are briefly reviewed and linked to the development of the "International Nursing Leadership Institutes" organized by the Inter-American Commission for the Control of Drug Abuse (CICAD). The "International Nursing Leadership Institutes" have facilitated the implementation of Phase III of the CICAD Schools of Nursing Project: a) planning and implementing the first "International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in Latin America", b) development of Regional and National Strategic Plans for Nursing Professionals in the Area of Demand Reduction in Latin America, and c) preparation of a document that provides guidelines on how to include drug content into undergraduate and graduate nursing curricula. The article also brings reflections directly from several of the participants in the first International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas, offered in collaboration with the Faculty of Nursing at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada. These reflections demonstrate the multiplicity of ways in which this capacity-building program has made it easier for these members of Latin American Schools of Nursing to show leadership in the area of drug demand reduction. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) international cooperation nursing education nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Argentina article Brazil Canada Chile Colombia comparative study curriculum Ecuador human leadership Mexico Peru program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16501780 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16501780) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 666 TITLE International Research Capacity-Building Programs for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in Latin America: challenges and perspectives. AUTHOR NAMES Wright M.G. Caufield C. Gray G. Olson J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wright M.G.; Caufield C.; Gray G.; Olson J.) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission/CICAD-Organization of American States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.G. Wright, Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission/CICAD-Organization of American States. SOURCE Revista latino-americana de enfermagem (2005) 13 Spec No (1095-1101). Date of Publication: 2005 Nov-Dec ISSN 0104-1169 ABSTRACT The First International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas is a result of a partnership between the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) of the Organization of American States (OAS) and the Faculty of Nursing in the University of Alberta, with financial support from the Government of Canada. The program was divided into two parts. The first part of the program was held at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It involved capacity-building in research methodologies at the Faculty of Nursing, which lead to the preparation of four multi-centric research proposals for drug demand reduction in the home countries of the eleven participants in the program. The second part of the program was related to the implementation of multi-centric research proposals in seven countries in Latin America and in Canada. This program presented expertise in research methodology to members of Latin American Schools of Nursing and introduced Latin American expertise to members of a Canadian Faculty of Nursing. The International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas has fostered the kind of inter-cultural respect and mutual appreciation necessary to confront the global health problem of the abuse of both licit and illicit drugs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) international cooperation nursing education nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada human program development South and Central America LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16501779 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16501779) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 667 TITLE New NRT licensing: Changing our advice to patients AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE British Journal of Cardiology (2005) 12:6 (434-435). Date of Publication: Nov 2005 ISSN 0969-6113 ABSTRACT With UK smoking prevalence showing little evidence of further decline, new initiatives are needed to meet the government target of a 21% reduction in smoking in the next five years. Jennifer Percival, the Royal College of Nursing Tobacco Policy Manager, reports on a new strategy which involves cutting down on cigarettes with the use of nicotine replacement therapy, before stopping completely, which is showing promise in increasing the number of smokers giving up. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicorette gum nicorette inhalator nicotine nicotine gum (clinical trial, drug therapy) placebo EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nicotine replacement therapy smoking cessation tobacco dependence (drug therapy, prevention, rehabilitation) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia cardiovascular risk clinical practice clinical trial drug marketing Europe government health care planning health care policy health practitioner health program health survey human ischemic heart disease licensing managed care national health service nursing prescription prevalence smoking smoking habit treatment indication United Kingdom United States DRUG TRADE NAMES nicorette gum nicorette inhalator CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine gum (96055-45-7) nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006006792 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 668 TITLE Pain management in the neonatal intensive care unit: A national survey in Italy AUTHOR NAMES Lago P. Guadagni A. Merazzi D. Ancora G. Bellieni C.V. Cavazza A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lago P., lago@pediatria.unipd.it) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. (Guadagni A.) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Bambino Gesù Paediatric Hospital, Roma, Italy. (Merazzi D.) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Sant' Anna Hospital, Como, Italy. (Ancora G.) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. (Bellieni C.V.) Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproduction Medicine, Policlinico Le Scotte, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. (Cavazza A.) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy. (Lago P., lago@pediatria.unipd.it) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 3, 35128 Padova, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Lago, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 3, 35128 Padova, Italy. Email: lago@pediatria.unipd.it SOURCE Paediatric Anaesthesia (2005) 15:11 (925-931). Date of Publication: November 2005 ISSN 1155-5645 1460-9592 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: This study assessed current medical practice in preventative analgesia and sedation for invasive procedures in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Italy. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to level II and III Italian NICUs to investigate pain management, pharmacological treatment and the use of pain scores during invasive procedures. Main outcome measures were the extent to which analgesia and sedation are currently used for invasive procedures in Italian neonatal units. Results: The rate of response to the questionnaire was 88%. Written guidelines were available on acute pain control in 25% of the NICUs, and on prolonged pain control in 50%. Routine use of preventative pharmacological and nonpharmacological measures for painful procedures ranged from 13% for elective tracheal intubation to 68% for chest tube insertion. Thirty-six percent of NICUs routinely use sedation with opioids for mechanical ventilation; 14% prevent distress and pain for tracheal suctioning, 44% for heel lancing, 50% for venepuncture and percutaneous venous catheter insertion; 58% use analgesia before lumbar puncture. Validated pain assessment scores were used by 19% of NICUs. Conclusions: The need for adequate analgesia is still underestimated. Further information on the safety of analgesics in neonatology is imperative, as is an adequate education of physicians and nurses on the use of pain control guidelines as part of the standard of care in the NICU. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug combination, drug therapy) atropine (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) chloral hydrate (drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug administration) codeine (drug combination, drug therapy) diazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) EMLA (drug therapy) fentanyl (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) ketamine (drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) lidocaine (drug therapy) local anesthetic agent (drug therapy) midazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) mivacurium (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) muscle relaxant agent (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy) opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) paracetamol (drug combination, drug therapy) sedative agent (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy) suxamethonium (drug combination, drug therapy) tramadol (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug administration) vecuronium (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) newborn intensive care pain (drug therapy, prevention, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (side effect) analgesia apnea (side effect) article artificial ventilation bradycardia (side effect) child care constipation (side effect) endotracheal intubation health survey human hypotension (side effect) infant invasive procedure Italy lumbar puncture medical education medical practice muscle rigidity (side effect) myoclonus seizure (side effect) newborn outcome assessment pacifier pain assessment paralytic ileus (side effect) practice guideline priority journal questionnaire respiration depression (side effect) sedation suction thorax wall defect (side effect) tube urine retention (side effect) vein catheterization vein puncture CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS EMLA (101362-25-8) atropine (51-55-8, 55-48-1) chloral hydrate (302-17-0) codeine (76-57-3) diazepam (439-14-5) fentanyl (437-38-7) ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3) lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9) midazolam (59467-70-8) mivacurium (106791-40-6, 106861-44-3) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) paracetamol (103-90-2) suxamethonium (306-40-1, 71-27-2) tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0) vecuronium (50700-72-6) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Anesthesiology (24) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006307704 MEDLINE PMID 16238551 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16238551) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.2005.01688.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 669 TITLE Pain management: cognitive restructuring as a model for teaching nursing students. AUTHOR NAMES McCaffrey R. Zerwekh J. Keller K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCaffrey R.; Zerwekh J.; Keller K.) College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. McCaffrey, College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA. Email: rmccaffr@fau.edu SOURCE Nurse educator (2005) 30:5 (226-230). Date of Publication: 2005 Sep-Oct ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Nursing students often have fear and anxiety about managing pain. The most common misconceptions include fear that patients in acute pain are easily addicted to pain medication, persons who are alert experience side effects from medication such as respiratory depression, and pain is inevitable and cannot completely be relieved. Cognitive restructuring is a method of changing behavior that focuses on identifying misconceptions, influencing distorted thinking, and thereby diminishing anxiety and promoting reasoned practice. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cognitive therapy nursing education nursing student pain teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS educational model human methodology nursing psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16170266 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16170266) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 670 TITLE Attitudes of swedish general practitioners and nurses to working with lifestyle change, with special reference to alcohol consumption AUTHOR NAMES Geirsson M. Bendtsen P. Spak F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Geirsson M., magnus.geirsson@vgregion.se) Norrmalms Health Center, Skövde, Sweden. (Bendtsen P.) Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Environment, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden. (Spak F.) Department of Social Medicine, Institute of Community Medicine, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. (Geirsson M., magnus.geirsson@vgregion.se) Ekängsvägen 15, 541 40 Skövde, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Geirsson, Ekängsvägen 15, 541 40 Skövde, Sweden. Email: magnus.geirsson@vgregion.se SOURCE Alcohol and Alcoholism (2005) 40:5 (388-393). Date of Publication: September 2005 ISSN 0735-0414 BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims: To explore the attitudes of Swedish general practitioners (GPs) a nd nurses to secondary alcohol prevention (early identification of, and intervention for, alcohol-related problems) and compare it to their attitudes to other important lifestyle behaviours such as smoking, stress, exercise, and overweight. Methods: An adjusted version of The WHO Collaborative Study Questionnaire for General Practitioners was posted to all GPs and nurses in the County of Skaraborg, Sweden; 68 GPs and 193 nurses responded. Results: The importance of drinking alcohol moderately, counselling skills on reducing alcohol consumption and perceived current effectiveness in helping patients change lifestyle behaviours ranked lower than working with all the other lifestyle behaviours. The nurses rated their potential effectiveness in helping patients change lifestyle higher than that of GPs for all the lifestyle behaviours. Nurses receiving more alcohol-related education had more positive attitudes than nurses with less education. For alcohol, the GPs assessed their role adequacy, role legitimacy and motivation higher than that of the nurses. The main obstacles for the GPs to carry out alcohol intervention were lack of training in counselling for reducing alcohol consumption, time constraints, and the fact that the doctors did not know how to identify problem drinkers who have no obvious symptoms of excess consumption. Conclusion: GPs and the nurses estimated their alcohol-related competence as lower than working with many other health-related lifestyles. These results can be explained by lack of practical skills, lack of training in suitable intervention techniques, and unsupportive working environments. All these elements must be considered when planning secondary alcohol prevention programs in primary health care. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism lifestyle nursing physician attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption article competence doctor patient relation female general practitioner health program health promotion human male motivation nurse patient relationship nurse practitioner patient counseling postgraduate education primary health care primary prevention priority journal questionnaire Sweden EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005393392 MEDLINE PMID 16043435 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16043435) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agh185 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 671 TITLE Smoking and depressive symptoms in a college population. AUTHOR NAMES Lee Ridner S. Staten R.R. Danner F.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lee Ridner S.; Staten R.R.; Danner F.W.) School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Lee Ridner, School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:4 (229-235). Date of Publication: Aug 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT A number of studies have documented the relationship between smoking and depression in adolescent and adult populations. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of depressive symptoms among college-age smokers and to determine whether or not increases in cigarette use were associated with increases in the number of depressive symptoms. A non-experimental cross-sectional design was used. Of the random sample (N = 895), 28% were current smokers, and more than 26% of the total sample reported high levels of depressive symptoms. Current smokers were more likely to report an increased level of depressive symptoms than nonsmokers were. Correlates of depressive symptoms included grade point average, marijuana use, and increased work hours. When controlling for these variables, the number of days smoked was predictive of depressive symptoms. School nurses have an important role in preventing smoking and treating smokers, as well as in preparing adolescents for the transition to college where many begin smoking. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (epidemiology) health status smoking (epidemiology) student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health cross-sectional study female human male nursing peer group psychological aspect regression analysis risk factor statistics tobacco dependence (epidemiology) United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16048368 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16048368) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 672 TITLE Nightlife and health. AUTHOR NAMES Knott G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Knott G.) Gateshead NHS. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Knott, Gateshead NHS. SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2005) 19:46 (67). Date of Publication: 2005 Jul 27-Aug 2 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion leisure EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education emergency nursing human methodology note nurse attitude nursing staff time LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16097200 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16097200) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 673 TITLE Formal education and nurses' attitudes towards alcohol and alcoholism in a Brazilian sample AUTHOR NAMES Pillon S.C. Laranjeira R.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pillon S.C., pillon@eerp.usp.br) Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902, Brazil. (Laranjeira R.R.) Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.C. Pillon, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-902, Brazil. Email: pillon@eerp.usp.br SOURCE Sao Paulo Medical Journal (2005) 123:4 (175-180). Date of Publication: 7 Jul 2005 ISSN 1516-3180 BOOK PUBLISHER Associacao Paulista de Medicina, Av. Brig. Luiz Antonio 278 - 7o andar, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT Context and objective: Nurses are one of the largest groups of healthcare professionals sharing in patient care responsibilities, including caring for those who use and abuse psychoactive substances. The objective was to evaluate the theoretical-practical knowledge acquired by nurses in undergraduate and postgraduate studies and their perceptions about alcohol users. Design and setting: Quantitative, descriptive survey at Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina and Hospital São Paulo. Methods: The sample included nurses, students and nursing teachers. The survey included questions about sociodemographic characteristics; a nurses' attitudes and beliefs scale; and a questionnaire to identify formal nursing education on the use of alcohol and its consequences. Results: 59.7% out of 319 volunteers were nurses, 22.7% were nursing teachers and 17.6% were nursing students. 70% of the participants had received little or no information on physical, family and social problems related to alcohol use; 87% had received little or no information on high risk related to specific segments of the population; 95% had received little or no information on nursing procedures for alcohol-abuse patients. Conclusion: Formal education regarding the use of alcohol and its consequences is limited, especially with regard to offering adequate care and management for patients who have problems with or are addicted to alcohol. Copyright © 2005, Associação Paulista de Medicina. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nurse attitude nursing education patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article Brazil competence demography health survey human quantitative analysis questionnaire risk assessment risk factor social belief EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005447285 MEDLINE PMID 16389415 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16389415) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 674 TITLE Smoking prevalence and attitudes toward tobacco among student and staff nurses in Niigata, Japan AUTHOR NAMES Sekijima K. Seki N. Suzuki H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sekijima K., sekijima@clg.niigata-u.ac.jp; Seki N.; Suzuki H.) Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. (Sekijima K., sekijima@clg.niigata-u.ac.jp) Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata 951-8518, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Sekijima, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata 951-8518, Japan. Email: sekijima@clg.niigata-u.ac.jp SOURCE Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005) 206:3 (187-194). Date of Publication: July 2005 ISSN 0040-8727 BOOK PUBLISHER Tohoku University Medical Press, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan. ABSTRACT The present study investigated smoking prevalence and attitudes toward smoking in student and staff nurses, and activities to promote tobacco intervention by staff nurses. A total of 743 student nurses in 2 colleges and one university and 490 staff nurses in the university hospital in Niigata, Japan participated in the study and filled in self-administered anonymous questionnaires focused on smoking habits, attitudes toward smoking, and activities to promote tobacco intervention. The smoking prevalence among student nurses was 6% and increased with the year of study, whereas that of among staff nurses was 16% and increased by employment up to 3-5 years. Almost half of the student nurse smokers started the habit before admission to higher education facilities, and more than half of staff smokers also started smoking in their school years, in high school or college. Nicotine dependence, as defined by over 11 cigarettes per day and the first cigarette within 30 min after getting up, was high in smokers who started smoking before admission to college or university, but not in those who took up the habit thereafter. Thirty-six percent of student nurses and 25% of staff nurses agreed with the statement that "nurses should not smoke." Only 12% of staff nurses were involved in anti-tobacco interventions routinely, partly due to lack of broad knowledge and the necessary skills. Greater efforts are needed as a high priority to educate student and staff nurses systematically and comprehensively about the range of tobacco interventions available in Japan. © 2005 Tohoku University Medical Press. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude smoking tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female health education health promotion human Japan major clinical study medical personnel nursing staff prevalence questionnaire smoking cessation smoking habit university hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005288511 MEDLINE PMID 15942144 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15942144) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.206.187 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 675 TITLE Brief interventions for alcohol problems in hospital settings. AUTHOR NAMES Foster J. Heather N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Foster J.; Heather N.) Department of Mental Health, Middlesex University, London. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Foster, Department of Mental Health, Middlesex University, London. SOURCE Nursing times (2005) 101:26 (38-41). Date of Publication: 2005 Jun 28-Jul 4 ISSN 0954-7762 ABSTRACT Many patients present to general hospitals with alcohol-related problems, but most of them are not identified as such. This article summarises the evidence base for screening and brief interventions delivered by nurses in general hospital medical/surgical wards and A&E departments. It also suggests how screening and brief interventions can operate in these environments. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) counseling mass screening patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health hospital patient human nurse attitude nursing organization and management primary health care psychological aspect psychotherapy review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16010843 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16010843) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 676 TITLE Long-term treatment for patients with severe mental illness and substance abuse AUTHOR NAMES Blix O. Eek U. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blix O.; Eek U.) Addiction Medicine Unit, Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital, Jonkoping, Sweden. (Blix O.) D.D. Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital, Ryhov, SE-551 85 Jonkoping, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Blix, D.D. Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital, Ryhov, SE-551 85 Jonkoping, Sweden. SOURCE Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems (2005) 7:2 (11-18). Date of Publication: Jun 2005 ISSN 1592-1638 ABSTRACT Drug and alcohol addiction is common among patients with severe mental illness. Those patients often fall between different treatment systems. Since 1994 a long-term treatment for patients with this kind of "Dual Diagnosis" has been going on in the city of Jonkoping, Sweden. It is a joint programme with staff both from the local social services and the psychiatric clinic. A team of six people, three social workers and three nurses with special education in psychiatry, are working with a group of at most 35-40 patients. A stepwise treatment lasts for a minimum of 3 years, after a model constructed and evaluated in the U.S. (Meuser and Drake, New Hampshire). The aim of the treatment is enduring retention leading to the stabilization of both problem areas. The treatment goals are set by each client. Great attention is given to training in social skills. Between 1994 and 2004, 82 patients in all were in the treatment programme. The results of the treatment programme are presented. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol amphetamine benzodiazepine cannabis diamorphine illicit drug opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, therapy) heroin dependence (diagnosis, therapy) mental disease (diagnosis, therapy) opiate addiction (diagnosis, therapy) substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (diagnosis, therapy) adult article bipolar disorder (diagnosis) borderline state (diagnosis) comorbidity disease severity female human long term care major clinical study major depression (diagnosis) male mental health care multiple drug abuse (diagnosis, therapy) nurse patient counseling priority journal psychiatrist schizoaffective psychosis (diagnosis) schizophrenia (diagnosis) schizotypal personality disorder (diagnosis) social worker treatment outcome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005316240 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 677 TITLE Patient's education by nurse: What we really do achieve? AUTHOR NAMES González B. Lupón J. Herreros J. Urrutia A. Altimir S. Coll R. Prats M. Valle V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (González B.; Lupón J., jlupon@ns.hugtip.scs.es; Herreros J.; Urrutia A.; Altimir S.; Coll R.; Prats M.; Valle V.) Unitat d'Insuficiència Cardíaca, Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Lupón, Unitat d'Insuficiència Cardíaca, Servei de Cardiologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Carretera del Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain. Email: jlupon@ns.hugtip.scs.es SOURCE European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (2005) 4:2 (107-111). Date of Publication: June 2005 ISSN 1474-5151 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ABSTRACT Aim: To evaluate what is really achieved with nurse education in an outpatient heart failure population. Method: The answers obtained in a nurse questionnaire performed at the first visit to the Unit and at 1 year of follow-up were compared. The questionnaire was addressed to know how compliant patients were and how much they knew about their disease and their treatment. Results: Two hundred and ninety eight patients (219 men and 79 women) were evaluated. Baseline mean age was 65 years (35-86). At first visit only 30% knew and understood the performance of the heart; 56% at 1 year (p < 0.001). Only 28% initially understood the disease; 55% at follow-up (p < 0.001). Awareness of more than 3 worsening signs increased from 66.5% to 86.5% (p < 0.001). Knowledge of the names of all the pills they were receiving increased from 33% to 44% (p < 0.001), of the action of these pills from 24% to 44% (p < 0.001), and of how to use nitroglycerine among patients with ischemic heart disease from 87% to 96% (p < 0.001). Initially 63% monitored their weight only at the medical visit and 21% monitored it at least once a week; at 1 year these percentages were 16% and 39% respectively (p < 0.001). At baseline 45% checked blood pressure only at the medical visit and 28.5% checked it at least once a week; at 1 year these percentages were 12% and 43% (p < 0.001). Whereas no significant differences were found in sodium restricted diet compliance, exercise performance increased slightly although statistically significantly (p = 0.01). The great majority of patients never or only very rarely smoked or drunk alcoholic beverages, both at first visit and at 1 year, although both habits increased slightly during follow-up. No significant differences in treatment compliance (92% vs. 88% were taking all the medications prescribed) were found. Conclusion: Nurse-guided education has changed self-care behaviour of patients with heart failure in several important aspects, as weight and blood monitoring, and has increased their knowledge and understanding of the disease and treatment. However, these improvements have not been reflected in a better compliance of treatment and sodium restricted diet. Such aspects need more and more work to obtain better results. © 2005 European Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS glyceryl trinitrate (sublingual drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heart failure nursing patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcohol consumption article awareness blood pressure monitoring body weight controlled study exercise female follow up heart function human ischemic heart disease male nurse outpatient patient compliance prescription priority journal questionnaire smoking habit sodium restriction statistical significance CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS glyceryl trinitrate (55-63-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005232733 MEDLINE PMID 15904880 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15904880) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2005.03.006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 678 TITLE Nursing students' personal experiences involving alcohol problems AUTHOR NAMES Murphy-Parker D. Martinez R.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy-Parker D., dmp334@nyu.edu) Division of Nursing, Steinhardt School of Education, 246 Greene Street, New York, NY 10009, United States. (Martinez R.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Murphy-Parker, Division of Nursing, Steinhardt School of Education, 246 Greene Street, New York, NY 10009, United States. Email: dmp334@nyu.edu SOURCE Archives of Psychiatric Nursing (2005) 19:3 (150-158). Date of Publication: June 2005 ISSN 0883-9417 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders ABSTRACT This article discusses the views and beliefs of nursing students toward people who abuse alcohol. An original study published in a separate article [Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, (2003); (4)17: 156-164.] examined this relationship with both a quantitative and a qualitative design. Three open-ended questions allowed for further qualitative exploration about relationships with others who have alcohol problems and beliefs about recovery. The chronic nature of alcoholism was clearly identified by students who described it as a lifelong process. Most students (79%) expressed belief that recovery was possible whether they had personal experience with people who have alcohol problems or not. The level of optimism was surprisingly high in this sample of nursing students, especially because many had had a personal experience with someone who abused alcohol. Students come to the educational setting with a clear and accurate view of the lifelong commitment that may be needed to recover from alcohol addiction, but they also come with an overly optimistic view of recovery. How this optimism impacts future care is unknown. If nursing students hold an unrealistically positive view of recovery, they may be ill prepared to handle the disappointments associated with treatment such as relapse, interpersonal conflict, health deterioration, or other related sequelae. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS convalescence health status human medical education medical personnel nursing qualitative analysis quantitative analysis questionnaire relapse review sampling treatment outcome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15991149 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15991149) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2005.04.007 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 679 TITLE What are the odds? Random drug testing of students: a legal perspective. AUTHOR NAMES Roach C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Roach C.A.) Rider Bennett, LLP, Minneapolis, MN, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.A. Roach, Rider Bennett, LLP, Minneapolis, MN, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:3 (176-179). Date of Publication: Jun 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Companion articles explore random drug testing programs in schools. The first article addresses random drug testing of students from a legal perspective. It describes legal issues and current case law regarding drug testing programs in schools and commonly asked questions regarding these programs. The second article addresses random drug testing of students from a practice perspective. It explores arguments for and against random drug testing programs and the role of the school nurse in policy and procedure development. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) mandatory testing school health nursing school health service substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent child child behavior diagnostic test human legal aspect nursing organization and management psychological aspect review school standard student United States utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15898854 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898854) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 680 TITLE What are the odds? Random drug testing of students: a practice perspective. AUTHOR NAMES Hudlow R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hudlow R.) Eden Prairie Schools, Eden Prairie, MN, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Hudlow, Eden Prairie Schools, Eden Prairie, MN, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:3 (179-181). Date of Publication: Jun 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Companion articles explore random drug testing programs in schools. The first article addresses random drug testing of students from a legal perspective. It describes legal issues and current case law regarding drug testing programs in schools and commonly asked questions regarding these programs. The second article addresses random drug testing of students from a practice perspective. It explores arguments for and against random drug testing programs and the role of the school nurse in policy and procedure development. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) mandatory testing nurse attitude school health nursing school health service substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent child child behavior diagnostic test human nursing organization and management psychological aspect review school standard student United States utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15898855 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898855) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 681 TITLE Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. AUTHOR NAMES Caley L.M. Kramer C. Robinson L.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Caley L.M.; Kramer C.; Robinson L.K.) School of Nursing, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Caley, School of Nursing, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:3 (139-146). Date of Publication: Jun 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a serious and widespread problem in this country. Positioned within the community with links to children, families, and healthcare systems, school nurses are a critical element in the prevention and treatment of those affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Although most school nurses are familiar with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and the problems it poses, they may not be familiar with the newer term, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. This article summarizes the most recent information about FASD and recently published guidelines on diagnostic criteria for FAS. Also outlined are primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention activities school nurses can take to help assure that children, families, and communities work to prevent the problem and to treat the children affected by it. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child welfare developmental disorder (diagnosis, prevention) fetal alcohol syndrome (prevention) nurse attitude school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult chemically induced disorder child congenital malformation education female health education human mental deficiency nursing pregnancy primary prevention review standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15898848 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898848) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 682 TITLE Evidence for smoking cessation: Implications for gender-specific strategies AUTHOR NAMES Singleton J.K. Levin R.F. Feldman H.R. Truglio-Londrigan M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Singleton J.K., jsingleton@pace.edu) Institute for Healthy Aging, United States. (Levin R.F.) RN Evidence-Based Practice Initiative, . (Feldman H.R.) Pace University Institutional Review Board, United States. (Truglio-Londrigan M.) Department of Graduate Studies, . (Truglio-Londrigan M.) Institute for Healthy Aging, Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, New York, NY, United States. (Singleton J.K., jsingleton@pace.edu) Institute for Healthy Aging, Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, 41 Park Row, New York, NY 10038, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.K. Singleton, Institute for Healthy Aging, Lienhard School of Nursing, Pace University, 41 Park Row, New York, NY 10038, United States. Email: jsingleton@pace.edu SOURCE Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing (2005) 2:2 (63-74). Date of Publication: June 2005 ISSN 1545-102X 1741-6787 (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Background: Facilitating smoking cessation requires an evidence-based approach. The Lienhard School of Nursing Institute for Healthy Aging in the United States, whose focus is providing health information to aging baby boomers, developed an interest in studying strategies for smoking cessation in women. Approach: Studies were reviewed and critiqued related to the question: What is the relative efficacy of first-line smoking cessation interventions for women versus men in the 40- to 65-year-old age group? This article first discusses the procedure used to construct an integrative framework for finding the evidence on smoking cessation, including a literature search and refinement of the problem to be studied, and then a summary of the evidence gathered on the selected variable (gender) and interventions (counseling, pharmacotherapy nicotine replacement therapy). Findings: Evidence was found that supports the general efficacy of three first-line smoking cessation interventions: counseling, bupropion-sustained release (BSR), and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). What the evidence does not show, however, is which of these interventions may be more effective for women versus men in general or specifically in the 40- to 65-year-old age group. Recommendations: Recommendations include the development of a clinical trial and the inclusion from the outset of gender as a major variable in all future intervention studies. Implications: Practice implications include the fact that since effective treatments already exist for assisting clients to stop smoking, all health-care providers should offer an intervention that has been found effective to any client who expresses a desire to quit smoking. Further studies of efficacy are needed to develop more focused implications. Copyright © 2005 Sigma Theta Tau International. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amfebutamone (clinical trial, drug therapy) nicotine (clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS placebo EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) evidence based medicine smoking smoking cessation tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical trial counseling health care personnel human meta analysis nicotine replacement therapy public health review sex role sustained drug release systematic review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005543348 MEDLINE PMID 17040543 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17040543) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6787.2005.04055.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 683 TITLE Bipolar disorder in school-age children. AUTHOR NAMES Olson P.M. Pacheco M.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Olson P.M.; Pacheco M.R.) Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.M. Olson, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2005) 21:3 (152-157). Date of Publication: Jun 2005 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT This article examines the individual components of bipolar disorder in children and the behaviors that can escalate as a result of misdiagnosis and treatment. The brain/behavior relationship in bipolar disorders can be affected by genetics, developmental failure, or environmental influences, which can cause an onset of dramatic mood swings and dysfunctional behavior. School is often the site where mental health disorders are observed when comparing behaviors with other children. Assessing the emotional, academic, and health needs of a student with a bipolar disorder is a critical step in designing effective interventions and school accommodations. Without appropriate medical, psychological, pharmaceutical, and academic interventions, a child is at risk for uncontrolled mania, depression, substance abuse, or suicide. The school nurse is part of the multidisciplinary team and plays a key role in facilitating case management to potentially reverse this possible negative trajectory. Successful case management provides children with bipolar disorder the opportunity to reach their academic potential. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) bipolar disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology) child welfare school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child child behavior child psychology human methodology nursing nursing assessment pathophysiology prevalence psychological aspect review standard United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15898850 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898850) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 684 TITLE Statewide evaluation of a tobacco cessation curriculum for pharmacy students AUTHOR NAMES Corelli R.L. Kroon L.A. Chung E.P. Sakamoto L.M. Gundersen B. Fenlon C.M. Hudmon K.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Corelli R.L.; Kroon L.A.; Hudmon K.S., karen.hudmon@yale.edu) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, United States. (Chung E.P.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, W. University of Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy, United States. (Sakamoto L.M.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, United States. (Gundersen B.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of the Pacific, Thomas J. Long Sch. Pharm. Hlth. S., United States. (Fenlon C.M.; Hudmon K.S., karen.hudmon@yale.edu) Dept. of Epidemiol. and Pub. Health, Yale University, School of Medicine, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.S. Hudmon, Dept. of Epidemiol. and Pub. Health, Yale University, School of Medicine, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. Email: karen.hudmon@yale.edu SOURCE Preventive Medicine (2005) 40:6 (888-895). Date of Publication: June 2005 ISSN 0091-7435 BOOK PUBLISHER Academic Press Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT Background. Previous studies suggest that healthcare professionals are inadequately trained to treat tobacco use and dependence. Because even brief interventions from clinicians improve patient quit rates, widespread implementation of effective tobacco cessation training programs for health professional students is needed. Methods. Pharmacy students received 7-8 h of comprehensive tobacco cessation training. Participants completed pre- and post-program surveys assessing perceived overall abilities for cessation counseling, skills for key facets of cessation counseling (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange), and self-efficacy for counseling. Results. A total of 493 students (82.3%) completed linkable pre- and post-training evaluations. Self-reported abilities, measured on a five-point scale, increased significantly from 1.89 ± 0.89 to 3.53 ± 0.72 (P < 0.001). Twenty-two percent of students rated their overall counseling abilities as good, very good, or excellent before the training versus 94% of students after the training. Eighty-seven percent of students indicated the training will increase the number of patients that they counsel; 97% believed it will increase the quality of their cessation counseling. Conclusions. Comprehensive training significantly improved pharmacy students' perceived confidence and ability to provide tobacco cessation counseling. The curriculum is applicable to other health professional training programs and currently is being used to train pharmacy, medical, nursing, and dental students. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical pharmacy education program smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article controlled study evaluation study health care delivery health care personnel health care quality health program health survey human medical education medical school medical student patient counseling preventive medicine priority journal self report EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005197279 MEDLINE PMID 15850892 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15850892) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.10.003 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 685 TITLE Functioning, problem behavior and health services use among nursing home residents with alcohol-use disorders: Nationwide data from the VA minimum data set AUTHOR NAMES Brennan P.L. Greenbaum M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brennan P.L., penny.brennan@med.va.gov; Greenbaum M.A.) Center for Health Care Evaluation and Mental Illness Research Education, Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, United States. (Brennan P.L., penny.brennan@med.va.gov) Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.L. Brennan, Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. Email: penny.brennan@med.va.gov SOURCE Journal of Studies on Alcohol (2005) 66:3 (395-400). Date of Publication: May 2005 ISSN 0096-882X BOOK PUBLISHER Alcohol Research Documentation Inc., New Brunswick, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: We examined (1) whether nursing home residents with alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) function more poorly, have more behavioral problems and use more health services than do demographically matched controls without such disorders, and (2) whether AUDs interact with alcohol consumption to predict poorer behavioral and health services outcomes among nursing home residents. Method: We used Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Patient Treatment File data to identify a nationwide sample of older VA nursing home residents with recent AUD diagnoses (n = 3,336) and a demographically matched sample without such diagnoses (n = 3,336). The groups were compared on the Resident Assessment Instrument Minimum Data Set indices of health-related functioning, substance use, problem behavior and health services use. We conducted two-way analyses of variance to determine interactions between presence of an AUD and alcohol consumption on problem behavior and health services use. Results: Residents with AUD diagnoses functioned somewhat better than demographically matched controls. However, they were more likely to have falls and fractures, difficulties in social functioning and to use more health services. AUD diagnoses interacted with alcohol consumption to predict an elevated risk of falls and fractures and more mental health services use. Conclusions: Older residents with an AUD form a distinct nursing home population that functions somewhat better than residents without such disorders but they may pose more challenges to staff and use more health care services. Residents' drinking histories should be considered in formulating nursing home policies about alcohol consumption. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (disease management, rehabilitation) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcohol consumption article behavior cognition controlled study daily life activity depression emergency ward falling female fracture functional assessment health care utilization health status hospitalization human major clinical study male mental health care smoking tobacco CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005298160 MEDLINE PMID 16047529 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16047529) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 686 TITLE Barriers to managing pain in the nursing home: Findings from a statewide survey AUTHOR NAMES Tarzian A.J. Hoffmann D.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tarzian A.J., atarzian@law.umaryland.edu; Hoffmann D.E.) University of Maryland School of Law, 500 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21204-1786, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.J. Tarzian, Law and Health Care Program, University of Maryland School of Law, 500 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21204-1786, United States. Email: atarzian@law.umaryland.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2005) 6:3 SUPPL. (S12-S19). Date of Publication: May/June 2005 ISSN 1525-8610 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify pain management demographics, perceived resources, and perceived barriers to adequately manage pain in the nursing home setting. Design: Mailed survey. Setting: All licensed Connecticut nursing homes. Participants: Directors of Nursing (DONs). Measurements: Survey elicit ing pain management demographics, perceived resources, and perceived barriers to adequately manage pain in respondents' nursing home. Results: A total of 113 of 260 DONs (43%) responded to the survey. Respondents believed pain was suboptimally managed, particularly for residents with malignant and nonmalignant chronic pain. Perceived barriers to providing adequate pain management included lack of knowledge about pain management among nurses and physicians, lack of a standardized approach to treating pain, physicians' personal attitudes toward treating pain (eg, fear of addiction or overdose), lack of diagnostic precision in treating pain, and difficulty in choosing the right analgesic. Other barriers are also discussed, including low hospice enrollment of nursing home residents. Conclusion: Improving pain management in nursing homes requires improving provider knowledge and attitudes, enhancing diagnostic precision, standardizing pain treatment, and achieving an institutional commitment. Although responding DONs seemed aware of the need for improved pain management outcomes at their facilities, the required institutional commitment to accomplish this was not evidenced by these findings. Copyright © 2004 American Medical Directors Association. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, subcutaneous drug administration) narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, subcutaneous drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel article awareness controlled study demography diagnostic accuracy drug dependence drug intoxication fear health care delivery health care facility health care need health survey hospice care human licensing major clinical study nurse patient care physician attitude physiotherapy residential care resource allocation side effect (side effect) standardization transcutaneous nerve stimulation treatment outcome United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005211336 MEDLINE PMID 15890286 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15890286) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2005.03.031 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 687 TITLE A school-based harm minimization smoking intervention trial: Outcome results AUTHOR NAMES Hamilton G. Cross D. Resnicow K. Hall M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hamilton G., greg.hamilton@cdhb.govt.nz) Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, New Zealand. (Hamilton G., greg.hamilton@cdhb.govt.nz; Cross D.) Western Australian Centre for Health Promotion Research, Curtin University of Technology, Australia. (Hamilton G., greg.hamilton@cdhb.govt.nz; Cross D.; Hall M.) School of Nursing and Public Health, Edith Cowan University, Australia. (Resnicow K.) School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, United States. (Hamilton G., greg.hamilton@cdhb.govt.nz) Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Hamilton, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, New Zealand. Email: greg.hamilton@cdhb.govt.nz SOURCE Addiction (2005) 100:5 (689-700). Date of Publication: May 2005 ISSN 0965-2140 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aims: To determine the impact of a school-based harm minimization smoking intervention compared to traditional abstinence-based approaches. Design, setting and participants: A school-based cluster randomized trial was conducted in Perth, Western Australia in 30 government high schools from 1999 to 2000. Over 4000 students were recruited to participate and schools were assigned randomly to either the harm minimization intervention or a standard abstinence-based programme. Intervention: The harm minimization intervention comprised eight 1-hour lessons over 2 years, quitting support from school nurses and enactment of policies to support programme components. Comparison schools implemented standard abstinence-based programmes and policies. Measures: Cigarette smoking was categorized at two levels: regular smoking, defined as smoking on 4 or more days in the previous week; and 30-day smoking as any smoking within the previous month. Findings: At immediate post-test (20 months post-baseline), after accounting for baseline differences, school-level clustering effects, socio-economic status, gender and family smoking, intervention students were less likely to smoke regularly [OR = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.36, 0.71] or to have smoked within the previous 30 days (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.91). Conclusion: The school-based adolescent harm minimization intervention appears to have been more effective than the abstinence-based social influences programme at reducing regular smoking. © 2005 Society for the Study of Addiction. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article Australia clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study evaluation study female harm reduction health care policy health program human male outcomes research randomized controlled trial school school child smoking cessation EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005212926 MEDLINE PMID 15847627 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15847627) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01052.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 688 TITLE Changing times, changing needs, changing programs AUTHOR NAMES Abrams S.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Abrams S.E., sarah.abrams@uvm.edu) University of Vermont, 211 Rowell Hall, Burlington, VT 05405, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.E. Abrams, University of Vermont, 211 Rowell Hall, Burlington, VT 05405, United States. Email: sarah.abrams@uvm.edu SOURCE Public Health Nursing (2005) 22:3 (267-268). Date of Publication: May/June 2005 ISSN 0737-1209 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc. ABSTRACT The following reprint of the unsigned editorial for the April 1952 issue of Public Health Nursing describes the historical needs and the continuing development of school health nursing from the early to mid-20th century. Twenty-first century schools continue to deal with some of the same issues such as hunger, poor nutrition, and the adverse effects of overly burdensome work schedules on adolescent health and mental well-being. The goal, so optimistically anticipated by the editors of Public Health Nursing in 1952, of continuous, well-coordinated health supervision from birth to maturity continues to elude us. Of course, school nurses and other health personnel address problems not openly discussed in the 1950s - substance abuse, violence, sexually transmitted diseases, and teen pregnancy. The theme of this historical editorial is the power of advocacy - and the responsibility public health nurses have to use our talents to improve child health. © Blackwell Publishing, Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health program EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescence age distribution birth health care health care personnel hunger mental health nurse nursing nutrition pregnancy public health school health service sexually transmitted disease short survey substance abuse violence wellbeing work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15982201 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15982201) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.220311.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 689 TITLE Under the influence: taking alcohol issues into the college classroom. AUTHOR NAMES Riley J.B. Durbin P.T. D'Ariano M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Riley J.B.; Durbin P.T.; D'Ariano M.) Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.B. Riley, Georgetown University School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. SOURCE Health promotion practice (2005) 6:2 (202-206). Date of Publication: Apr 2005 ISSN 1524-8399 ABSTRACT Alcohol use and abuse among college students pose an enormous and unique public health problem that is associated with significant harm to students. Colleges nationwide are seeking to address student alcohol use through a variety of programs and policies. An effort at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., combines a campus-wide dialogue on the subject with the infusion of alcohol issues into the curriculum of an undergraduate course in the School of Nursing and Health Studies. Course evaluations indicate that participants benefited from the curriculum infusion approach. Participants became aware of the health education resources available to students and the campus culture contributing to alcohol. In addition, student participants evaluated their own alcohol use, with significant modifications of alcohol consumption behaviors. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) curriculum health education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article harm reduction health service human methodology United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15855290 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15855290) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 690 TITLE The health impact of childhood trauma: An interdisciplinary review, 1997-2003 AUTHOR NAMES Mulvihill D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mulvihill D., dmulvih@uwo.ca) University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada. (Mulvihill D., dmulvih@uwo.ca) 23-51 Summit Avenue, London, Ont. N6H 2G5, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Mulvihill, 23-51 Summit Avenue, London, Ont. N6H 2G5, Canada. Email: dmulvih@uwo.ca SOURCE Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing (2005) 28:2 (115-136). Date of Publication: April/June 2005 ISSN 0146-0862 1521-043X (electronic) BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Ltd. ABSTRACT Research has shown a strong relationship between childhood trauma and psychological difficulties in later life; more recent research has indicated that the long-term effects are even greater for physical illness. These long-term effects have highlighted Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a possible mediator variable. The illnesses identified include, but are not limited to, eating disorders, substance abuse, phobias, multiple personality disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune disorders. Childhood trauma is an area of interdisciplinary interest; therefore, a variety of disciplines have been carrying out research in this area. This article is an integrative review of the literature over the last five years across disciplines, including nursing, medicine, psychology, education, social services, and government agencies. The review searched for themes, common constructs, and definitions, plus gaps in the present literature that need to be addressed. Particular attention was paid to measurement tools, and the importance of post traumatic stress disorder. Databases included were Medline, Proquest, Canadian Health Network (CHN), Canadian Business and Current Affairs (CBCA) Education, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) Plus, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), American Psychological Association Database Information (PsychINFO), and Cochrance. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child abuse (diagnosis, prevention) child welfare patient care posttraumatic stress disorder (diagnosis, etiology, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child health service human mass screening methodology organization and management psychological aspect psychological model questionnaire review risk factor social support time LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 16006380 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16006380) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01460860590950908 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 691 TITLE Clinicians and dyslexia - A computer-based assessment of one of the key cognitive skills involved in drug administration AUTHOR NAMES Millward L.J. Bryan K. Everatt J. Collins R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Millward L.J., l.purvis@surrey.ac.uk) Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5HX, United Kingdom. (Bryan K.) Europ. Inst. of Hlth. and Med. Sci., University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom. (Everatt J.; Collins R.) Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.J. Millward, Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5HX, United Kingdom. Email: l.purvis@surrey.ac.uk SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2005) 42:3 (341-353). Date of Publication: March 2005 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: This research investigates the relationship between dyslexia traits and nurse performance on a laboratory task designed to assess one of the key cognitive skills involved in drug administration. The potential moderating role of perceived performance control was also assessed, based on previous work demonstrating the importance of self-belief as a facilitator of vocational success. Background: Dyslexia within the health care professions has been the subject of wide and emotionally charged debate but has not yet been scientifically examined. Those who fear clinicians with dyslexia do so because of a presumed or potential risk to patient health and safety posed by dyslexia-induced performance error (e.g. problems with drug administration). Design, sample and methods: 46 nurses (40 student nurses and 6 qualified nurses) volunteered to complete a battery of computerised tasks assessing for dyslexia traits (using four accuracy tasks measuring different types of literacy skill), a paired association task designed to measure one of the key cognitive skills involved in drug administration) and a self-report questionnaire (Learning Styles Questionnaire, self-reported reading difficulty and a history of educational support, perceived control over performance). The performance criterion measure was constructed after detailed job analysis (involving analysis of official documentation, in-depth interviews and field observation across a variety of clinical settings) and involved matching drug names to patient names and vice versa. Results: The results showed that the dyslexia indicators (objective and self-report) were significantly correlated with performance on the paired association task. Contrary to expectation however, the perceived control variable was not associated with performance. Conclusion: The findings provide tentative support for the idea that some tasks might be problematic for the clinician with dyslexia. Taken in isolation however, it would be inappropriate to conclude that this will necessarily translate into true performance errors without taking into consideration the entire performance context. Suggestions are made for replicating and extending the study to provide a more solid and constructive basis for intervention (e.g. support measures, a built-in checking process). © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cognition dyslexia EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical article computer program controlled study emotion female health care personnel human male nurse attitude patient satisfaction questionnaire safety self report task performance LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15708021 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15708021) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.07.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 692 TITLE Investigation of the knowledge about cancer pain treatment among 128 nurses in 27 provinces in China: An analysis of the questionnaires AUTHOR NAMES Huang X.-L. Ma S.-L. Zhang J.-F. Zhang J.-P. Wang F.-L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Huang X.-L., memory_my@sina.com; Ma S.-L.; Zhang J.-F.; Zhang J.-P.; Wang F.-L.) Integrated Ward, College of CLinical Oncology, Peking University, Beijing 100036, China. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS X.-L. Huang, Integrated Ward, College of CLinical Oncology, Peking University, Beijing 100036, China. Email: memory_my@sina.com SOURCE Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation (2005) 9:6 (181-183). Date of Publication: Feb 2005 ISSN 1671-5926 ABSTRACT Background: After reviewing the literature, the author found that most of the epidemiological data related to cancer pain was reported by physicians from the point of view of treatment, or of patients' response to the treatment. Although the nurses in oncology department are most direct participants in the cancer pain management, there is less investigation about the nurses' knowledge, attitudes to and skills of cancer pain management. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to provide information so as to suggest the nursing managers and educators in specifically propagating and disseminating the knowledge of cancer pain management. Design: A sampled investigation. Setting: Integrated Medicine Ward, College of Clinical Oncology, Peking University. Participants: The participants of this investigation were 128 nurses who took part in the National Tumor Care Academic Exchanges and Seminar Conference held in June 1998. Methods: This investigation was carried out through a survey questionnaire and the questionnaire was designed on the basis of the Cancer Analgesics Questionnaire (for nurses use only) established by the Oncology Profession Committee of Chinese Nursing Association in 1993, furthermore, suggestions from experts were adopted. Main outcome measures: 1 The perception about "three-step analgesic ladder"; 2 currently most commonly used analgesics in clinical; 3 assessment methods for cancer pain; 4 knowledge of being addicted to analgesics; 5 attitude of nursing staff to cancer pain management. Results: The number of those who could correctly designate the relationship of three steps and pain intensity was 82 (64.0%). Only one person could correctly write down the contents of three steps analgesic ladder (0.7%). Physician's orders for analgesics for cancer pain in the responders' hospitals were classified into the following types: temporary order: 54.0%; when necessary, 38.0%; long-term order, 24.0%. But none of the nurses could mark correctly the range of mild, moderate and severe grade on the scale. Only 49.2% (63/128) of the nurses considered that "The pain scale should be determined according to the cancer patients' self-perception to the pain intensity(chief complaint)". Among the responders, only 12.5% (16/128) of them accepted that "the incidence of addiction occurred as a result of analgesics used for pain control is less than 1%". Only 26.5% (34/128) of the responders could distinguish the concepts of tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction. Conclusion: From the results of the investigation, we can see that, the nursing professionals do not have sufficient knowledge about "three-step analgesic ladder". The popularization of related knowledge among nurses has been delayed severely. Nurses will obtain the knowledge of cancer pain management by clinical experience instead of in regular ways. The attitude of nursing personnel to cancer pain treatment is one of the important factors that affect the pain management. The frontline nurses should master the pharmacological characteristics of opioids so as to explain it to the patients and their relations distinctly. Nurses should bring into play a more powerful action in reducing the "addiction-phobia" due to their professional characteristics. We suggest that the latest new progress in cancer pain treatment should be incorporated into the normal textbooks on the management of cancer pain. We also propose that the methods of cancer pain treatment, contents of the principle of drug prescription be included in the training of a medical care personnel of oncology professional before entering into clinic. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent codeine dihydromorphine ibuprofen morphine paracetamol pethidine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS China competence drug dependence drug information experience nurse attitude nurse practitioner nurse training nursing staff prescription questionnaire review skill CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS codeine (76-57-3) dihydromorphine (1421-28-9, 509-60-4) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) paracetamol (103-90-2) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Chinese EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005272458 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 693 TITLE Life beyond severe traumatic injury: an integrative review of the literature AUTHOR NAMES Halcomb E. Daly J. Davidson P. Elliott D. Griffiths R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Halcomb E.; Daly J.; Davidson P.; Griffiths R.) School of Nursing, Family and Community Health College of Social and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia. (Davidson P.) Western Sydney Area Health Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (Elliott D.) Department of Clinical Nursing, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. (Elliott D.) Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. (Griffiths R.) Centre for Applied Nursing Research, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia. (Griffiths R.) South Western Sydney Area Health Service, NSW, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Halcomb, School of Nursing, Family and Community Health College of Social and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia. SOURCE Australian Critical Care (2005) 18:1 (17-24). Date of Publication: February 2005 ISSN 1036-7314 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd ABSTRACT It is only recently that recognition of the serious and debilitating sequelae of trauma has prompted exploration of outcomes beyond survival, such as disability, health status and quality of life. This paper aims to review the literature describing outcomes following severe traumatic injury to provide clinicians with a greater understanding of the recovery trajectory following severe trauma and highlight the issues faced by those recovering from such injury. Electronic databases, published reference lists and the Internet were searched to identify relevant literature. The heterogeneous nature of published literature in this area prohibited a systematic approach to inclusion of papers in this review. Trauma survivors report significant sequelae that influence functional status, psychological wellbeing, quality of life and return to productivity following severe injury. Key themes that emerge from the review include: current trauma systems which provide inadequate support along the recovery trajectory; rehabilitation referral which is affected by geographical location and provider preferences; a long-term loss of productivity in both society and the workplace; a high incidence of psychological sequelae; a link between poor recovery and increased drug and alcohol consumption; and valued social support which can augment recovery. Future research to evaluate interventions which target the recovery needs of the severely injured patients is recommended. Particular emphasis is required to develop systematic, sustainable and cost-effective follow-up to augment the successes of existing acute trauma services in providing high quality acute resuscitation and definitive trauma management. © 2005 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Australia (a division of Reed International Books Australia Pty Ltd.). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) daily life activity health status multiple trauma (complication, rehabilitation) quality of life EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS absenteeism addiction (etiology) attitude to health convalescence disabled person (rehabilitation) employment health service human injury scale intensive care life event nurse attitude organization and management patient care patient referral philosophy psychological aspect review social support statistics survivor treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 18038530 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18038530) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1036-7314(05)80020-7 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 694 TITLE Striving for congruence: the interconnection between values, practice, and political action. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy N. Canales M.K. Norton S.A. DeFilippis J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy N.; Canales M.K.; Norton S.A.; DeFilippis J.) Center for Comprehensive Care, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Murphy, Center for Comprehensive Care, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, USA. SOURCE Policy, politics & nursing practice (2005) 6:1 (20-29). Date of Publication: Feb 2005 ISSN 1527-1544 ABSTRACT In the current U.S. health care system, both good health and a higher quality of health care are more likely to be experienced by those who have access to money, power, and privilege. Consequently, serious health disparities exist between the rich and poor, White people and people of color, and men and women. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) has made explicit the values that form the cornerstone of professional nursing: altruism, autonomy, human dignity, integrity, and social justice. In this article, the authors explore the interconnections between values explicated by the AACN and nursing practices and policies. The authors draw on work in the field of pain management, cultural competency, and harm reduction as exemplars of this interconnection. The authors propose that through political action, nurses can strive for congruence between their professional values, practice, and policies and subsequently effect change and improve health outcomes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care policy nursing patient advocacy politics social psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (rehabilitation) article harm reduction human nursing education social justice United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16443956 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16443956) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 695 TITLE Evidence-based practice: A theory-based tobacco dependence treatment at an adolescent health clinic. AUTHOR NAMES Pearlstein I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pearlstein I.) HiTOPS, Inc. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Pearlstein, HiTOPS, Inc. SOURCE New Jersey nurse (2005) 35:1 (15). Date of Publication: 2005 Jan-Feb ISSN 0196-4895 ABSTRACT Tobacco is the leading cause of preventable death in the US. Most smokers report initiating smoking in adolescence when smoking is not perceived as a health risk. Assessment and education about the harm of tobacco use is critical to stemming the destructive behavior of smoking and avoiding lifelong addiction. This article describes a theory-based, nurse-run, adolescent-focused smoking assessment, education and intervention program. Results of the first 6 months of the program are described. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health care patient education smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article attitude to health child psychology evaluation study evidence based medicine female health care quality human methodology nurse practitioner nursing nursing assessment nursing evaluation research organization and management psychological aspect psychological model psychology United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15790012 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15790012) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 696 TITLE Functioning and health service use among elderly nursing home residents with alcohol use disorders: Findings from the national nursing home survey AUTHOR NAMES Brennan P.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brennan P.L., penny.brennan@med.va.gov) Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, Menlo Park, CA, United States. (Brennan P.L., penny.brennan@med.va.gov) Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.L. Brennan, Center for Health Care Evaluation (152-MPD), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park Division, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United States. Email: penny.brennan@med.va.gov SOURCE American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2005) 13:6 (475-483). Date of Publication: 2005 ISSN 1064-7481 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier, agents@lww.com ABSTRACT Objective: The author asked whether older nursing home residents with alcohol use disorders differ from demographically-matched residents without alcohol use disorders on functioning, admission characteristics, and health services use. Method: National Nursing Home Survey data were used to compare nursing home residents with alcohol use disorders (N = 216) with demographically-matched residents without alcohol use disorders (N = 216) on functioning, admission characteristics, and health services use. Results: Residents with alcohol use disorders functioned somewhat better than did residents in the demographically-matched sample group, as indicated by performance of basic activities of daily living. However, they were significantly more likely to have lived alone before admission and to have obtained mental health and social services. There was a significant group × gender interaction on length of stay: men with alcohol use disorders had shorter lengths of stay than did men without alcohol use disorders; women with alcohol use disorders had longer lengths of stay than did women without such disorders. Conclusions: Having fewer social resources may contribute to elevated admission risk and need for mental health and social services among older nursing home residents who have alcohol use disorders. Duration and severity of alcohol problems may help explain gender differences in length of stay among these residents. © 2005 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health care utilization nursing care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article controlled study demography female functional status geriatric care human length of stay major clinical study male mental health nursing home patient EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2006167851 MEDLINE PMID 15956267 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15956267) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019442-200506000-00006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 697 TITLE Tackling drug and alcohol misuse in Brazil: Priorities and challenges for nurses AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Villar-Luis M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H., hussein@eerp.usp.br; Villar-Luis M.) Dept. Psychiat. Nursing Hum. Sci., University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. (Rassool G.H., hussein@eerp.usp.br) Ctr. Res. Stress, Drug and Alcohol, Dept. Psychiat. Nursing Hum. Sci., University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14.040-902, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, Ctr. Res. Stress, Drug and Alcohol, Dept. Psychiat. Nursing Hum. Sci., University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14.040-902, Brazil. Email: hussein@eerp.usp.br SOURCE International Nursing Review (2004) 51:4 (201-207). Date of Publication: December 2004 ISSN 0020-8132 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Aims: To provide an overview of the extent of drug and alcohol misuse in Brazil and the policies and approaches in tackling substance misuse. An examination of the challenges facing the nursing profession in working with substance misusers is presented. Background: Alcohol, cocaine, and cannabis are the most commonly misused psychoactive substances in Brazil. One of the biggest public health problems is the interface between the misuse of psychoactive substances and HIV prevalence and other sexually transmitted diseases. Findings from a recent study suggest that undergraduate nurses in Brazil are not adequately prepared in the care and management of substance misuse problems. The nursing profession in Brazil faces numerous challenges in the development of professional competence of nurses in this field. Conclusion: A strategy proposed is the creation of regional centres in Brazil to study the integration of substance use and misuse in the nursing undergraduate curriculum and the giving of specific support in teaching and research to nurse teachers. Nurses have a key role to play in the early recognition, assessment, prevention, and treatment of substance misuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol antidepressant agent antiretrovirus agent benzodiazepine cannabis cocaine psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism Brazil clinical education clinical research competition cost effectiveness analysis curriculum drug dependence drug misuse health care health care policy hospital hospital cost hospitalization human Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence nurse nursing education occupation practice guideline psychologic assessment review sexually transmitted disease substance abuse support group teacher tobacco dependence CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15530160 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15530160) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2004.00248.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 698 TITLE The impact of an urban outreach teaching project: developing cultural competence. AUTHOR NAMES Ott C.H. Doyle L.H. Tarantino S.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ott C.H.; Doyle L.H.; Tarantino S.L.) University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.H. Ott, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA. Email: carolott@uwm.edu SOURCE International journal of nursing education scholarship (2004) 1 (Article22). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 1548-923X (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the development of cultural competence in a group of university nursing students in the context of an interactive substance abuse prevention project attached to a health promotion course with 414 racially diverse high school students. The project provided opportunities for contact, interaction, and reflection. A descriptive approach was utilized to elicit the meaning attached to the experience. Data included written content from an exit survey, field notes from onsite debriefings, transcriptions of a focus group interview, and an analysis of theoretical papers. Findings indicate that when university students participate in an urban teaching project under conditions of diminishing anxiety and are given opportunities for reflection, they not only increase cultural competence but they also develop a sense of advocacy. Recommendations are made for building community partnerships to enhance cultural competence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural anthropology health promotion nursing education public relations EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent adult article evaluation study female health service human information processing male nursing student school health service urban population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16646888 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16646888) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 699 TITLE The influence of environmental factors and education on tobacco smoking among students of the Faculty of Nursing, Medical University of Lublin. AUTHOR NAMES Kalinowski P. Karwat I.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kalinowski P.; Karwat I.D.) Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Skubiszewski Medical University of Lublin. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Kalinowski, Chair and Department of Epidemiology, Skubiszewski Medical University of Lublin. SOURCE Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio D: Medicina (2004) 59:2 (124-128). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 0066-2240 ABSTRACT Tobacco smoking among medical personnel is a problem concerning not only our country. Nurses and midwives in their work have a close contact with patients allowing influence on their health behaviours. Positive own example is indispensable in this field. Formation of proper attitudes and healthy behaviours should be one of the main goals of academic education of nurses and midwives. The aim of the study was an attempt at analysing the problem of tobacco smoking among the students of the Faculty of Nursing, Medical University of Lublin. The material consisted of 152 anonymous questionnaires filled in by the students in the academic year 2001/2002. There was applied the method of standardized interview using an interview questionnaire. The material was analysed by means of descriptive statistics methods. Women were more prevalent among the respondents (143 persons out of 152), the mean age equalled 29.4 years. The majority were students of nursing (109 persons) and 43 represented midwifery. Twenty-seven percent of all students declared tobacco smoking, 13% quitted the habit and 60% never smoked. The studies proved that medical education and knowledge of harmfulness of tobacco smoking are the main reasons of non-smoking habits of the analysed group of students. The decision about taking up smoking is mostly influenced by smoking peers. This testifies to the need of further educational actions during nursing studies that would promote proper health behaviours in this field. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing student smoking (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article environment female health behavior human prevalence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 16146063 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16146063) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 700 TITLE An exploratory study of multicomponent treatment intervention for tobacco dependency. AUTHOR NAMES Buchanan L.M. El-Banna M. White A. Moses S. Siedlik C. Wood M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Buchanan L.M.; El-Banna M.; White A.; Moses S.; Siedlik C.; Wood M.) College of Nursing, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5330, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Buchanan, College of Nursing, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5330, USA. Email: lbuchanan@unmc.edu SOURCE Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing / Sigma Theta Tau (2004) 36:4 (324-330). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 1527-6546 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To conduct an exploratory study of two interventions to help smokers abstain over a period of 3 months. The specific aims were to describe the outcomes, test feasibility of the study design, and evaluate effect size. DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized experimental design was used in a sample of 42 patients who received multicomponent treatment intervention (MTI) or standard care (SC) in a midwestern city in the United States. Variables were behavioral (quit rate, self-efficacy, motivation), psychosocial (depression, partner interaction), and symptom management (use of nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS: The typical participant was Caucasian, middle aged, nicotine dependent, married or partnered, and employed, and had a high school education. Participants in the MTI group were more likely to use NRT and to have higher self-reported quit rates at follow-up. Statistically significant differences were found between groups over time for self-efficacy and positive to negative behavior ratio. Barriers to quitting were relapse, stress, weight gain, lack of support, and depression that were more frequent in the SC group. For effect size (0.25), probability level (.05), and power (.80), a sample size of 140 patients was calculated. CONCLUSIONS: The MTI group had higher quit rates, more NRT, higher self-efficacy, and more positive behavioral interactions. Limitations of the study included self-report of tobacco use, small sample, and attrition. The investigators suggest a future study with a larger sample to test whether multicomponent interventions with telephone calls after discharge are more effective than is standard care in helping patients to quit and continue to abstain from smoking. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nicotine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aftercare behavior therapy counseling nurse patient education smoking cessation tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study feasibility study female follow up health care quality human male methodology middle aged motivation multimodality cancer therapy nursing evaluation research organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire randomized controlled trial self concept social support United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15636412 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15636412) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 701 TITLE The effectiveness of intervention studies to decrease alcohol use in college undergraduate students: an integrative analysis. AUTHOR NAMES Hunter Fager J. Mazurek Melnyk B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hunter Fager J.; Mazurek Melnyk B.) Center for High-Risk Children and Youth, University of Rochester School of Nursing, NY 14642, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Hunter Fager, Center for High-Risk Children and Youth, University of Rochester School of Nursing, NY 14642, USA. Email: Judith.Fager@urmc.rochester.edu SOURCE Worldviews on evidence-based nursing / Sigma Theta Tau International, Honor Society of Nursing (2004) 1:2 (102-119). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 1545-102X ABSTRACT AIMS: This analysis was performed to critique intervention studies targeted at decreasing alcohol use in college students for the purpose of (1) synthesizing the various types of interventions and outcomes used, (2) evaluating the effectiveness of the interventions, and (3) identifying the strengths and limitations of prior studies to make recommendations for evidence-based clinical practice and future research. METHODS: An exhaustive literature search was performed for experimental studies conducted in the past 10 years. FINDINGS: Analysis using 15 identified studies indicated the following strengths: (1) use of random assignment in many of the studies, (2) use of theoretical frameworks to guide the interventions, (3) replication of previous studies, and (4) inclusion of outcome measures of alcohol use, quantity, and frequency. Limitations included: (1) small convenience samples; (2) use of multiple tools to elicit outcomes, making it difficult to compare results across studies; (3) lack of long-term follow-up to assess sustainability of the interventions; (4) use of only self-report outcome measures, which rely on subject's recall memory; (5) lack of manipulation checks to assure that subjects actually processed the interventions; and (6) a paucity of stress and coping interventions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Extensive research to address the problem of college alcohol use indicates that while education is an integral part of the approach for this problem, it is ineffective when used alone as an intervention strategy. However, some empirical support exists for the use of brief motivational interventions to reduce alcohol use and harm. A personalized approach addressing expectancies and normative use employing a motivational interviewing style may produce desired outcomes. In addition, theory-based manualized approaches using stress and coping intervention strategies need to be developed and tested. In the design of future studies, careful attention also should be given to methodological issues such as sampling, measurement issues, and inclusion of more long-term follow-up measures. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (epidemiology, prevention) evidence based medicine student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health clinical trial cognition counseling follow up health education health service human mass screening methodology nursing evaluation research nursing theory organization and management outcome assessment psychological aspect psychotherapy review risk factor statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 17129324 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17129324) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 702 TITLE The impact of an urban outreach teaching project: Developing cultural competence AUTHOR NAMES Ott C.H. Doyle L.H. Tarantino S.-L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ott C.H., carolott@uwm.edu; Tarantino S.-L., sft@uwm.edu) University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States. (Doyle L.H., ldoyle@odu.edu) Old Dominion University, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.H. Ott, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States. Email: carolott@uwm.edu SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship (2004) 1:1 Article Number: 22. Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 1548-923X 1548-923X (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the development of cultural competence in a group of university nursing students in the context of an interactive substance abuse prevention project attached to a health promotion course with 414 racially diverse high school students. The project provided opportunities for contact, interaction, and reflection. A descriptive approach was utilized to elicit the meaning attached to the experience. Data included written content from an exit survey, field notes from onsite debriefings, transcriptions of a focus group interview, and an analysis of theoretical papers. Findings indicate that when university students participate in an urban teaching project under conditions of diminishing anxiety and are given opportunities for reflection, they not only increase cultural competence but they also develop a sense of advocacy. Recommendations are made for building community partnerships to enhance cultural competence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) competence nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female health program health promotion human information processing interview male medical personnel substance abuse teaching urban area EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005107453 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 703 TITLE High risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in truck drivers estimated by the Berlin questionnaire: Prevalence and associated factors AUTHOR NAMES Moreno C.R.C. Carvalho F.A. Lorenzi C. Matuzaki L.S. Prezotti S. Bighetti P. Louzada F.M. Lorenzi-Filho G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moreno C.R.C., cmoreno@unisul.br) Univ. of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil. (Moreno C.R.C., cmoreno@unisul.br; Carvalho F.A.; Matuzaki L.S.) Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. (Lorenzi C.; Lorenzi-Filho G.) Otorhinolaryngology Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. (Prezotti S.) Heart Institute, Pulmonary Division, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. (Bighetti P.) Intervias, São Paulo, Brazil. (Louzada F.M.) Federal University of Paraná, Puerto Rico. (Moreno C.R.C., cmoreno@unisul.br) Centro de Pos-Graduacao, Rua Marcolino Martins Cabral, 39, Centro, Tubarão, SC, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.R.C. Moreno, Centro de Pos-Graduacao, Rua Marcolino Martins Cabral, 39, Centro, Tubarão, SC, Brazil. Email: cmoreno@unisul.br SOURCE Chronobiology International (2004) 21:6 (871-879). Date of Publication: 2004 Equity and Working Time: a Challenge to Achieve, Book Series Title: ISSN 0742-0528 BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Inc., 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800, Philadelphia PA, United States. ABSTRACT The health issues that attract our attention when analyzing the truck driver population are the high prevalence of sedentary habits, inadequate diet, obesity, and proportion of hypertensive. All these are either considered risk factors for or a consequence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). The objective of this study was to investigate the risk for OSA among 10,101 truck drivers and to correlate it with potentially related factors, such as serum glucose and cholesterol levels, smoking habits, alcohol and drug consumption, and self-reported physical activity. The drivers were invited to participate in the campaign "Saúde na Boléia" (Health Behind the Wheel) promoted by a Brazilian company responsible for the maintenance of approximately 360 km of roads in the country. Drivers who spontaneously stopped at the campaign booths placed along the roads were invited to answer a questionnaire covering sociodemographic data such as age, alcohol, and drug consumption. All participants completed a Berlin Questionnaire and were classified as low- or high-risk subjects for OSA based on questions about snoring, tiredness during the day, and the presence of hypertension or obesity. Blood collection was accomplished at the same site by nurses and/or nursing students collaborating with the campaign for subsequent laboratory studies. Approximately 26% of the truck drivers were found to be at high-risk group for OSA. An adjusted multiple logistic model found the independent risk factors of smoking (OR = 1.16; p = 0.014) and drug use (OR =1.32; p < 0.0001) were associated with high risk for OSA. The presence of self-reported occasional (OR = 0.62; p < 0.0001) and regular (OR = 0.53; p < 0.0001) physical activity was found to be an independent factor protective of OSA. Educational programs, including ones aimed at improving one's health habits, such as engagement in physical exercise, should be considered in the development of initiatives to reduce the risk for OSA among the truck driver population. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cholesterol (endogenous compound) glucose (endogenous compound) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) driver risk assessment sleep disordered breathing (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption blood sampling Brazil cholesterol blood level conference paper correlation analysis demography dietary intake drug abuse education program exercise fatigue glucose blood level health education high risk population human hypertension lifestyle major clinical study obesity physical activity prevalence questionnaire risk factor smoking snoring social aspect statistical model CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cholesterol (57-88-5) glucose (50-99-7, 84778-64-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Otorhinolaryngology (11) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005004280 MEDLINE PMID 15646234 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15646234) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/CBI-200036880 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 704 TITLE Barriers to pain management by home care nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Vallerand A.H. Hasenau S.M. Templin T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vallerand A.H.; Hasenau S.M.; Templin T.) Wayne State University College of Nursing, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.H. Vallerand, Wayne State University College of Nursing, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. Email: April.Vallerand@wayne.edu SOURCE Home healthcare nurse (2004) 22:12 (831-838; quiz 839-840). Date of Publication: Dec 2004 ISSN 0884-741X ABSTRACT This study examined home care nurses' perceived barriers to pain management. Major barriers included lack of knowledge, inadequate pain assessment, and difficulty managing opioid-related side effects. Home care nurses with more knowledge about pain management had significantly lower scores on the Barriers Questionnaire. The study documented the need for continued pain management education for home care nurses. Practice implications are provided. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical competence community health nursing home care pain (diagnosis, drug therapy) practice guideline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study epidemiology female health care quality health personnel attitude health service hospitalization human male nursing nursing assessment opiate addiction (diagnosis) pain assessment questionnaire risk assessment standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15597004 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15597004) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 705 TITLE Barriers to the treatment of depression in cancer patients. AUTHOR NAMES Greenberg D.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Greenberg D.B.) Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.B. Greenberg, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA. Email: dgreenberg@partners.org SOURCE Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs (2004) :32 (127-135). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 1052-6773 ABSTRACT Major depressive disorder is a relapsing syndrome with grave morbidity and mortality. Much like asthma, it has a genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. Specific antidepressant medications alone, tested in randomized, placebo-controlled studies, show that this is a treatable condition with 65%-70% clinical response. Treatment guidelines written for psychiatric patients and patients in primary care clarify the role of medications and psychotherapy. Physicians are compelled to treat syndromes that are serious and treatable, but barriers to diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder in cancer patients include two major barriers to quality medical care generally: uncertainty and cost. Given uncertainty about diagnosis and treatment, cancer physicians with limited time avoid questions about emotions. Cases of depression are often missed. Mental health specialists often work in systems that are separated from oncologists by location, organization, and insurance. Most successful interventions to improve treatment of depressive disorders require multiple strategies: clinical education, enhanced role of nurses, and integrated oncology and specialist care. Recent strategies in oncology settings are reviewed. Research concepts to improve outcomes in treatment of depression include staging of depressive disorder in cancer to reveal prognosis, evaluation of depression outcomes in the context of one tumor type, new organizational models in the acute cancer setting, use of the cancer protocol, and assessment of access to care of depression in cancer survivors. Major depressive disorder in cancer is staged by positive past history, comorbid anxiety disorder or substance abuse, use of specific cancer medications that destabilize mood, and active cancer or no evidence of disease. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (etiology, therapy) neoplasm (complication) practice guideline survivor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health care delivery health care quality human leadership organization and management patient referral prognosis psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15263054 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15263054) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 706 TITLE Historical interpretations of alcohol use and misuse. implications for nursing curricula. AUTHOR NAMES Hyman Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hyman Z.) Department of Nursing, Daemen College, 4380 Main Street, Amherst, N Y 14226, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Z. Hyman, Department of Nursing, Daemen College, 4380 Main Street, Amherst, N Y 14226, USA. Email: zhyman@daemen.edu SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (2004) 42:11 (46-55). Date of Publication: Nov 2004 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT Since the 1950's, nursing schools have been encouraged to include some formal content on alcoholism in their curricula. Yet there remains on immerse disparity between the prevalence of drug and alcohol problems in our society and the required number of hour on these topics in our nursing curricula. The International Nurses Society on Addictions calls on the nursing profession to promote healthy lifestyles for "at-risk" individuals. In a historical context, this article critiques the ambivalence related to alcohol use and misuse in the United States. Within that background, pedagogy to help nursing faculty and students meet current societal and professional demands and standards regarding intervention for alcohol-related problems will be explored. The constructivist educational and caring-educative models are highlighted. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention, rehabilitation) curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS blood car driving drinking behavior female history human male nomenclature nursing review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15566165 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15566165) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 707 TITLE The impact of an urban outreach teaching project: Developing cultural competence AUTHOR NAMES Ott C.H. Doyle L.H. Tarantino S.-L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ott C.H., carolott@uwm.edu; Tarantino S.-L., sft@uwm.edu) University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States. (Doyle L.H., ldoyle@odu.edu) Old Dominion University, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.H. Ott, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States. Email: carolott@uwm.edu SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship (2004) 1:1 (i-15) Article Number: 22. Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2004 ISSN 1548-923X 1548-923X (electronic) ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the development of cultural competence in a group of university nursing students in the context of an interactive substance abuse prevention project attached to a health promotion course with 414 racially diverse high school students. The project provided opportunities for contact, interaction, and reflection. A descriptive approach was utilized to elicit the meaning attached to the experience. Data included written content from an exit survey, field notes from onsite debriefings, transcriptions of a focus group interview, and an analysis of theoretical papers. Findings indicate that when university students participate in an urban teaching project under conditions of diminishing anxiety and are given opportunities for reflection, they not only increase cultural competence but they also develop a sense of advocacy. Recommendations are made for building community partnerships to enhance cultural competence. Copyright ©2004 by the authors. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) competence cultural anthropology substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult anxiety article controlled study female group dynamics health promotion high school human male normal human nursing research EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005215243 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 708 TITLE Interdisciplinary collaboration on substance abuse skill OSCEs [2] AUTHOR NAMES Baez A. Eckert-Norton M. Morrison A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baez A.) Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States. (Baez A.) Counseling Center, MAINSTREAM Faculty, . (Eckert-Norton M.) MAINSTREAM Faculty, SUNY Downstate, . (Morrison A.) Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, MAINSTREAM Faculty, . (Baez A.) Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Baez, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States. SOURCE Substance Abuse (2004) 25:3 (29-31). Date of Publication: September 2004 ISSN 0889-7077 BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical examination medical education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS certification curriculum evaluation study experience human letter medical practice medical school medical staff medical student nurse practitioner patient care performance simulation skill social work standardization EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005527799 MEDLINE PMID 16150678 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150678) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J465v25n03_04 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 709 TITLE Knowing how and showing how: Interdisciplinary collaboration on substance abuse skill OSCEs for medical, nursing and social work students AUTHOR NAMES Baez A. Eckert-Norton M. Morrison A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baez A.) Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States. (Baez A.) Counseling Center, MAINSTREAM Faculty, . (Eckert-Norton M.) MAINSTREAM Faculty, SUNY Downstate, . (Morrison A.) Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, MAINSTREAM Faculty, . (Baez A.) Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Baez, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, United States. SOURCE Substance Abuse (2004) 25:3 (33-37). Date of Publication: September 2004 ISSN 0889-7077 BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical examination medical education nursing social work substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article feedback system human interpersonal communication learning medical personnel medical specialist medical student physical examination procedures reliability self evaluation skill social worker standardization validation process EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2005527800 MEDLINE PMID 16150679 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150679) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J465v25n03_05 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 710 TITLE Comparing youth health in Sweden and Bosnia. AUTHOR NAMES Licanin I. Laslo E. Kelly K.B. Lagerkvist B. Fisekovic S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Licanin I.; Laslo E.; Kelly K.B.; Lagerkvist B.; Fisekovic S.) Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Centre of Sarajevo. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Licanin, Clinic for Psychiatry, Clinical Centre of Sarajevo. SOURCE Medicinski arhiv (2004) 58:2 (91-92). Date of Publication: 2004 ISSN 0350-199X ABSTRACT The Adolescence Medical Group in Sweden has performed a questionnaire every second year since 1990. The questionnaire is performed during school hours in seventh and ninth grade and also in the second grade in the upper secondary school (gymnasium). The questionnaire is completed anonymously. The schools are not chosen by statistical methods, but more depending on youth-health-iterested school doctors and nurses who have interest in these studies. The result of these studies has been used locally in each community, but also been reported for example i Acta Pediatrica. After the war in Bosnia there has been different projects to help to build up the countries health system, for example in psychiatry. The question was laso raised how the youth health was in Bosnia. Representatives from the Adolescence section in Sweden were invited to Bosnia to introduce the questionnaire and also to help in analysing the results. We were also in Bosnia to present results to local authorities and those who performed the study locally. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior child psychology health behavior health status EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) adolescent article Bosnia and Herzegovina (epidemiology) child comparative study drinking behavior (epidemiology) female human male mental stress (epidemiology) questionnaire smoking (epidemiology) socioeconomics Sweden (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15202314 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15202314) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 711 TITLE Improving nursing home staff knowledge and attitudes about pain AUTHOR NAMES Jones K.R. Fink R. Pepper G. Hutt E. Vojir C.P. Scott J. Clark L. Mellis K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jones K.R., katherine.jones@yale.edu) School of Nursing, Yale University, Box 9740, 100 Church St. S., New Haven, CT 06536-0740, United States. (Jones K.R., katherine.jones@yale.edu) School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States. (Fink R.) University of Colorado Hospital, Denver, CO, United States. (Pepper G.) School of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States. (Hutt E.) School of Medicine, Univ. of Colorado Hlth. Sci. Center, Denver, CO, United States. (Vojir C.P.; Clark L.; Mellis K.) School of Nursing, Univ. of Colorado Hlth. Sci. Center, Denver, CO, United States. (Scott J.) School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, AL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.R. Jones, School of Nursing, Yale University, Box 9740, 100 Church St. S., New Haven, CT 06536-0740, United States. Email: katherine.jones@yale.edu SOURCE Gerontologist (2004) 44:4 (469-478). Date of Publication: August 2004 ISSN 0016-9013 BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, 2001 Evans Road, Cary, United States. ABSTRACT Purpose: Effective pain management remains a serious problem in the nursing home setting. Barriers to achieving optimal pain practices include staff knowledge deficits, biases, and attitudes that influence assessment and management of the residents' pain. Design and Methods: Twelve nursing homes participated in this intervention study: six treatment homes and six control homes, divided evenly between urban and rural locations. Three hundred licensed and unlicensed nursing home staff members completed written knowledge and attitude surveys at baseline, and 378 staff members completed the surveys after intervention implementation. Results: Baseline results revealed notable knowledge deficits in the areas of pharmacology, drug addiction and dependence, side effect management, and nonpharmacologic management-strategy effectiveness. Significant differences were noted by job title (registered nurse/licensed practical nurse/certified nursing assistant). Case studies displayed a knowledge application problem, with nurses often filtering resident pain reports through observed resident behaviors. The intervention led to significant improvement in knowledge scores in some, but not all, the treatment homes. Perceived barriers to effective pain management showed a significant decline across all study nursing homes. Implications: Knowledge deficits related to pain management persist in nursing homes. An interactive multifaceted educational program was only partially successful in improving knowledge across settings and job categories. Attitudes and beliefs appear more difficult to change, whereas environmental and contextual factors appeared to be reducing perceived barriers to effective pain management across all participating nursing homes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home pain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude controlled study drug dependence drug use education program female human major clinical study male nurse rural area urban area EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004365071 MEDLINE PMID 15331804 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15331804) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 712 TITLE Records--the Achilles' heel of school nursing: answers to bothersome questions. AUTHOR NAMES Schwab N.C. Pohlman K.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schwab N.C.; Pohlman K.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.C. Schwab, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2004) 20:4 (236-241). Date of Publication: Aug 2004 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT This article addresses practice issues related to school health records and school nursing documentation. Because the issues have been posed by practicing school nurses, the article is in Question and Answer (Q and A) format. Specifically, the questions addressed concern the following: ownership and storage location of student health records when the school nurse is contracted from a community health agency rather than employed by the school district; documentation of sensitive health information on students' health records including pregnancy, drug and alcohol abuse, mental illness, history of suicide attempt, and HIV status; inclusion of medical diagnoses and current medications on a student's Individual Educational Program (IEP); and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-permitted communications between school nurses and health care providers related to students' immunization status, regarding a student's treatment needs in school, and via facsimile (e.g., records of immunizations, completed physical examination forms, and medical orders). HIPAA, the Family Educational Records and Privacy Act (FERPA), and other laws are addressed as appropriate, and resources for obtaining further information are included. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) confidentiality medical record school school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article government regulation health insurance human legal aspect organization and management United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15283609 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15283609) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 713 TITLE Community health service needs assessment in Korea using OMAHA Classification System AUTHOR NAMES Yoo I.Y. Cho W.J. Chae S.M. Kim M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yoo I.Y., iyoo@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr; Cho W.J.; Chae S.M.; Kim M.J.) Research Institute of Nursing Policy, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Shinchon-dong 134, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120752, South Korea. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I.Y. Yoo, Research Institute of Nursing Policy, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Shinchon-dong 134, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul 120752, South Korea. Email: iyoo@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2004) 41:6 (697-702). Date of Publication: August 2004 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT This study examined the appropriateness of OMAHA Classification System in identifying health service needs and relevant strategies for intervention by public health nurses working in community health centers in Seoul. The face-to-face interview using a questionnaire was used to assess individual and family health needs in the targeted district. Respondents were 4024 persons from 1449 households in one municipal district in Seoul, Korea. Based on OCS, 16 problems were identified including insufficient income and inadequate living space, ineffective communication with community resources, pain, and substance use. Health teaching, guidance and counseling, case management, treatment, and surveillance were identified as interventions for these problems. These results suggest that OCS is appropriate to implement in Korea to plan and organize better nursing interventions for community residents by public health nurses working in health centers. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community care health care quality EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article breathing controlled study counseling emotional stability environmental sanitation family health female government health center human interpersonal communication interview Korea male nurse pain patient care questionnaire salary social behavior substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15240093 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15240093) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2004.02.007 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 714 TITLE Educating women about the hidden dangers of alcohol. AUTHOR NAMES Cook L.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cook L.J.) Department of Nursing, Bloomsburg University, Pennsylvania 17815, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.J. Cook, Department of Nursing, Bloomsburg University, Pennsylvania 17815, USA. Email: lcook@bloomu.edu SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (2004) 42:6 (24-31). Date of Publication: Jun 2004 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. There is mounting research evidence that alcohol use and abuse affects women much differently than men. 2. Research indicates that women absorb and metabolize alcohol differently than men, partly due to body composition differences and the production of less gastric alcohol dehydrogenase by women. 3. Women of child-bearing age who engage in binge drinking are at increased risk of bearing children with fetal alcohol syndrome or alcohol-related neurological deficits. 4. Psychiatric nurses are often in the position to provide education and counseling to women regarding the hidden dangers of alcohol use and abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) drinking behavior (adverse drug reaction, prevention) health education nurse patient relationship psychiatric nursing women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult attitude to health body composition female fetal alcohol syndrome (prevention) human male methodology newborn nurse attitude nursing pregnancy review risk factor sex difference standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15237789 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15237789) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 715 TITLE Potentially inappropriate prescribing in Ontario community-dwelling older adults and nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Lane C.J. Bronskill S.E. Sykora K. Dhalla I.A. Anderson G.M. Mamdani M.M. Gill S.S. Gurwitz J.H. Rochon P.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lane C.J.; Dhalla I.A.; Gill S.S.; Rochon P.A., paula.rochon@utoronto.ca) Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Bronskill S.E.; Sykora K.; Anderson G.M.; Mamdani M.M.; Gill S.S.; Rochon P.A., paula.rochon@utoronto.ca) Inst. for Clin. Evaluative Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Bronskill S.E.; Anderson G.M.; Rochon P.A., paula.rochon@utoronto.ca) Hlth. Policy, Mgmt. and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Mamdani M.M.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Gill S.S.; Rochon P.A., paula.rochon@utoronto.ca) Kunin-Lunenfeld Appl. Research Unit, Baycrest Center for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Gurwitz J.H.) Meyers Primary Care Institute, Fallon Found./Univ. of Massachusetts, Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States. (Rochon P.A., paula.rochon@utoronto.ca) Kunin-Lunenfeld Appl. Research Unit, Baycrest Center for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ont. M6A 2E1, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.A. Rochon, Kunin-Lunenfeld Appl. Research Unit, Baycrest Center for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ont. M6A 2E1, Canada. Email: paula.rochon@utoronto.ca SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2004) 52:6 (861-866). Date of Publication: June 2004 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To compare patterns of potentially inappropriate drug therapy prescribing in community-dwelling older adults and nursing home residents in Ontario, Canada. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study using administrative databases. SETTING: Ontario community and nursing home facilities. PARTICIPANTS: All 1,275,619 older adults aged 66 and older in Ontario (1,216,900 community-dwelling and 58,719 nursing home residents) who were dispensed at least one prescription from the comprehensive provincial drug plan in 2001. In Ontario, the provision of clinical pharmacy services is mandated in the nursing home setting. No comparable program exists for older adults in the community setting. MEASUREMENTS: Potentially inappropriate drug prescribing was compared between community-dwelling and nursing home residents in two categories: those to always avoid and therapies considered rarely appropriate to prescribe. RESULTS: Of the 1,275,619 adults in the cohort, nursing home residents were older (mean age ± standard deviation = 84.2 ± 7.6 vs 75.0 ± 6.5, P < .001), included more women (73.3% vs 57.7%, P < .001), had higher comorbidity scores (measured by the number of distinct drug therapies dispensed in the prior year (10.7 ± 6.8 vs 7.2 ± 5.7, P < .001) and Charlson comorbidity scores (1.4 ± 1.6 vs 0.9 ± 1.5, P < .001)) than community-dwelling individuals. Community-dwelling older adults were significantly more likely to be dispensed at least one drug therapy in the always avoid or rarely appropriate category than nursing home residents (3.3% vs 2.3%, P < .001). Using a logistic regression model that controlled for age, sex, and comorbidity (number of distinct drug therapies dispensed in the prior year), nursing home residents were close to half as likely to be dispensed one of these potentially inappropriate drug therapies as community-dwelling older adults (odds ratio = 0.52, 95% confidence interval = 0.49-0.55, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Potentially inappropriate drug therapy in the always avoid and rarely indicated categories is dispensed less often to nursing home residents than to older community-dwelling adults. Clinical pharmacist services, which are mandated in the nursing home setting, may be responsible for these differences in Ontario, Canada. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) barbituric acid derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) chlorpropamide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) flurazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS belladonna alkaloid (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) carisoprodol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) chlordiazepoxide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) chlorzoxazone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) cyclobenzaprine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) diazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) dicycloverine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) hyoscyamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) meprobamate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) metaxalone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) methocarbamol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) pentazocine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) pethidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) propantheline bromide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) trimethobenzamide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug misuse (drug therapy, epidemiology, side effect) elderly care nursing home prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age distribution aged anticholinergic effect article Canada clinical pharmacy cohort analysis community care comorbidity confidence interval data base drug dependence (side effect) drug half life extrapyramidal symptom (side effect) female gender health care policy health service human law logistic regression analysis major clinical study male muscle weakness (side effect) retrospective study scoring system sedation side effect (side effect) statistical significance CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS belladonna alkaloid (8007-93-0) carisoprodol (78-44-4) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) chlorpropamide (94-20-2) chlorzoxazone (95-25-0) cyclobenzaprine (303-53-7, 6202-23-9) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) diazepam (439-14-5) dicycloverine (50815-09-3, 67-92-5, 77-19-0) flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1) hyoscyamine (101-31-5, 306-03-6) meprobamate (57-53-4) metaxalone (1665-48-1) methocarbamol (532-03-6) pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) propantheline bromide (298-50-0, 50-34-0) trimethobenzamide (138-56-7, 554-92-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004262964 MEDLINE PMID 15161447 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15161447) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52250.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 716 TITLE Substance use by pharmacy and nursing practitioners and students in a northeastern state AUTHOR NAMES Kenna G.A. Wood M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Dept. of Psychiat. and Hum. Behavior, Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI, United States. (Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Kent County Memorial Hospital, Warwick, RI, United States. (Wood M.D.) Department of Psychology, Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States. (Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Roger Williams Medical Center, 457-West, 825 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI 02908, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.A. Kenna, Roger Williams Medical Center, 457-West, 825 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI 02908, United States. Email: george_kenna@brown.edu SOURCE American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2004) 61:9 (921-930). Date of Publication: 1 May 2004 ISSN 1079-2082 BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, United States. ABSTRACT Purpose. The prevalence and predictors of substance use among pharmacists and nurses and pharmacy and nursing students were studied. Methods. During summer 2002, pharmacists and nurses in a northeastern state were mailed an anonymous survey to determine their use of alcohol, tobacco, and commonly abused drugs; to determine their ease of access to controlled substances; and to measure their family history of alcohol and drug problems. A similar but not identical survey was distributed to pharmacy and nursing students during spring 2000. Results. A total of 262 usable questionnaires were received from pharmacists and nurses (response rate, 72.8%), and 138 usable questionnaires were received from students (35.3%). Large majorities of nursing students, pharmacy students, and nurses were women. A higher percentage of pharmacists reported having used an opioid or an anxiolytic at least once in their lives (24.8% and 14.3%, respectively) than nurses (14.5% and 7.8%). Higher percentages of nursing students and nurses reported having ever used an unprescribed drug (74.5% of nursing students and 63.6% of nurses). Conclusion. A survey of pharmacy and nursing practitioners and students in a north-eastern state provided important information on alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use among these groups and highlighted the need for prevention and intervention. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anxiolytic agent cannabis central stimulant agent cocaine hypnotic sedative agent muscle relaxant agent opiate psychedelic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption alcoholism article controlled study demography drug abuse drug dependence family history female human human experiment male medical personnel normal human nurse pharmacist pharmacy prescription prevalence priority journal questionnaire smoking CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004483751 MEDLINE PMID 15156968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15156968) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 717 TITLE A randomized controlled trial of a nurse-administered educational intervention for improving cancer pain management in ambulatory settings AUTHOR NAMES Yates P. Edwards H. Nash R. Aranda S. Purdie D. Najman J. Skerman H. Walsh A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yates P., p.yates@qut.edu.au; Edwards H.; Nash R.; Skerman H.; Walsh A.) Center for Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia. (Aranda S.) Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St., Vic. 8006, Australia. (Purdie D.) Queensland Inst. of Medical Research, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia. (Najman J.) University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Yates, Center for Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Victoria Park Road, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia. Email: p.yates@qut.edu.au SOURCE Patient Education and Counseling (2004) 53:2 (227-237). Date of Publication: May 2004 ISSN 0738-3991 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland. ABSTRACT The persistence of negative attitudes towards cancer pain and its treatment suggests there is scope for identifying more effective pain education strategies. This randomized controlled trial involving 189 ambulatory cancer patients evaluated an educational intervention that aimed to optimize patients' ability to manage pain. One week post-intervention, patients receiving the pain management intervention (PMI) had a significantly greater increase in self-reported pain knowledge, perceived control over pain, and number of pain treatments recommended. Intervention group patients also demonstrated a greater reduction in willingness to tolerate pain, concerns about addiction and side effects, being a "good" patient, and tolerance to pain relieving medication. The results suggest that targeted educational interventions that utilize individualized instructional techniques may alter cancer patient attitudes, which can potentially act as barriers to effective pain management. © 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study human nurse outpatient care pain assessment patient education priority journal randomization randomized controlled trial reduction self report EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004210904 MEDLINE PMID 15140463 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15140463) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0738-3991(03)00165-4 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 718 TITLE Workplace violence against K-12 teachers: implementation of preventive programs. AUTHOR NAMES Ruff J.M. Gerding G. Hong O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ruff J.M.; Gerding G.; Hong O.) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Ruff, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. SOURCE AAOHN journal : official journal of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (2004) 52:5 (204-209). Date of Publication: May 2004 ISSN 0891-0162 ABSTRACT Decreasing both workplace and school violence needs to be a priority of individuals, families, communities, and workplaces for the effort to be successful. Key factors associated with school and workplace violence such as parental influences, school staff and police involvement, peer pressure, student influences such as drug and alcohol abuse and a preoccupation with weapons, and the mass media have all been identified as possible factors associated with violence against teachers. In addition, individual student characteristics such as gender, socioeconomic status, and a history of prior violence may play a role. However, none of these factors can be identified or singled out as the reason for violence. Violence against teachers occurs as a result of a combination of these factors. Understanding how these factors interact should be a goal of every community and school. Occupational health nurses have the unique opportunity to partner with communities, school nurses, and the school system to develop effective violence prevention programs. Working in schools is an area of expansion for occupational health nurses. They have the expertise to perform worksite assessments and to identify key areas of weakness throughout the facility. Their expertise in reviewing and analyzing workplace injury data and developing cost effectiveness analysis for proposed interventions is unique. Occupational health nurses also have the skills to network with school officials and other key stakeholders to develop interventions to impact the substantial implications of violence in the schools. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) occupational health occupational health nursing program development school school health service university violence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child family human nurse attitude organization and management psychological aspect public relations standard United States workplace LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15152718 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15152718) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 719 TITLE Training rural practitioners to use buprenorphine: Using the Change Book to facilitate technology transfer AUTHOR NAMES McCarty D. Rieckmann T. Green C. Gallon S. Knudsen J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCarty D., mccartyd@ohsu.edu; Rieckmann T.; Green C.; Gallon S.) Dept. of Pub. Hlth. and Prev. Med., CB669, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97230-3079, United States. (Knudsen J.) RMC Research, Portland, OR, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. McCarty, Dept. of Pub. Hlth. and Prev. Med., CB669, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97230-3079, United States. Email: mccartyd@ohsu.edu SOURCE Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (2004) 26:3 (203-208). Date of Publication: April 2004 ISSN 0740-5472 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The Opiate Medication Initiative for Rural Oregon Residents trained physicians and counselors in Central and Southwestern Oregon to use buprenorphine and develop service models that supported patient participation in drug abuse counseling. The Change Book from Addiction Technology Transfer Centers was used to structure the change process. Fifty-one individuals (17 physicians, 4 pharmacists, 2 nurse practitioners, and 28 drug abuse counselors and administrators) from seven counties completed the training and contributed to the development of community treatment protocols. A pre-post measure of attitudes and beliefs toward the use of buprenorphine suggested significant improvements in attitude after training, especially among counselors. Eight months after training, 10 of 17 physicians trained had received waivers to use buprenorphine and 29 patients were in treatment with six of the physicians. The Change Book facilitated development of county change teams and structured the planning efforts. The initiative also demonstrated the potential to concurrently train physicians, pharmacists, and counselors on the use of buprenorphine. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) buprenorphine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical education rural population technology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (drug therapy) administrative personnel article attitude community care counseling drug abuse drug use human medical service nurse patient care pharmacist physician planning priority journal substance abuse teamwork CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004158900 MEDLINE PMID 15063914 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15063914) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00247-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 720 TITLE Tobacco dependence curricula in U.S. baccalaureate and graduate nursing education AUTHOR NAMES Wewers M.E. Kidd K. Armbruster D. Sarna L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wewers M.E., wewers.1@osu.edu; Kidd K.; Armbruster D.) Ohio State University, College of Nursing, Columbus, OH, United States. (Sarna L.) Univ. of California, Los Angeles, School of Nursing, Los Angeles, CA, United States. (Wewers M.E., wewers.1@osu.edu) 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1289, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.E. Wewers, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1289, United States. Email: wewers.1@osu.edu SOURCE Nursing Outlook (2004) 52:2 (95-101). Date of Publication: April 2004 ISSN 0029-6554 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. ABSTRACT The overwhelming majority of nurses express a desire to help patients stop smoking but most nurses report a lack of training in tobacco dependence treatment. The purpose of the study was to assess tobacco content and extent of tobacco education and intervention skills among a national sample of baccalaureate and graduate U.S. nursing programs. A cross-sectional survey design was implemented. A questionnaire that measured tobacco content curriculum was sent to 909 baccalaureate and graduate nursing program associate deans who were member institutions of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. The majority of tobacco content curricula focused on the health effects of tobacco. Nursing students, especially undergraduates, lacked curricular content in the area of clinical tobacco cessation techniques. Increased instructional efforts concerning the clinical treatment of tobacco dependence are critical for achieving a nationwide reduction in tobacco use prevalence. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum education program health survey human medical education prevalence questionnaire review smoking cessation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 15073590 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073590) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2003.09.007 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 721 TITLE Inadequate Analgesia in Emergency Medicine AUTHOR NAMES Rupp T. Delaney K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rupp T., timothy.rupp@utsouthwestern.edu; Delaney K.A.) Department of Surgery, Division of Emergency Medicine, Univ. of TX Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas, TX, United States. (Rupp T., timothy.rupp@utsouthwestern.edu) 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8579, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Rupp, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8579, United States. Email: timothy.rupp@utsouthwestern.edu SOURCE Annals of Emergency Medicine (2004) 43:4 (494-503). Date of Publication: April 2004 ISSN 0196-0644 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, United States. ABSTRACT Review of emergency department pain management practices demonstrates pain treatment inconsistency and inadequacy that extends across all demographic groups. This inconsistency and inadequacy appears to stem from a multitude of potentially remediable practical and attitudinal barriers that include (1) a lack of educational emphasis on pain management practices in nursing and medical school curricula and postgraduate training programs; (2) inadequate or nonexistent clinical quality management programs that evaluate pain management; (3) a paucity of rigorous studies of populations with special needs that improve pain management in the emergency department, particularly in geriatric and pediatric patients; (4) clinicians' attitudes toward opioid analgesics that result in inappropriate diagnosis of drug-seeking behavior and inappropriate concern about addiction, even in patients who have obvious acutely painful conditions and request pain relief; (5) inappropriate concerns about the safety of opioids compared with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that result in their underuse (opiophobia); (6) unappreciated cultural and sex differences in pain reporting by patients and interpretation of pain reporting by providers; and (7) bias and disbelief of pain reporting according to racial and ethnic stereotyping. This article reviews the literature that describes the prevalence and roots of oligoanalgesia in emergency medicine. It also discusses the regulatory efforts to address the problem and their effect on attitudes within the legal community. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, drug therapy) anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction) ketorolac (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) opiate (drug therapy) sedative agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia emergency medicine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anaphylaxis (side effect) angioneurotic edema (side effect) apnea (side effect) aseptic meningitis (side effect) cultural anthropology drug dependence emergency ward ethnology health care quality human kidney disease (side effect) kidney failure (side effect) medical education medical practice muscle rigidity (side effect) myocardial disease (side effect) pain (drug therapy) physician attitude prevalence priority journal quality control race respiration depression (side effect) review sedation sex difference CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS ketorolac (74103-06-3) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004151489 MEDLINE PMID 15039693 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15039693) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.11.019 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 722 TITLE Gambling behaviors in Black older adults: perceived effects on health. AUTHOR NAMES Christensen M.H. Patsdaughter C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Christensen M.H.; Patsdaughter C.A.) School of Nursing, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.H. Christensen, School of Nursing, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. SOURCE Journal of gerontological nursing (2004) 30:4 (34-39). Date of Publication: Apr 2004 ISSN 0098-9134 ABSTRACT Gambling is a popular activity among older adults of multiple ethnic and cultural backgrounds, but gambling research has not focused on elderly individuals or on minority groups. Although most gambling is a social activity, it also could have health implications for older adults. Sixty-seven Black individuals, ages 50 to 88, completed the Massachusetts Gambling Screen and 20 Black older adults were interviewed about gambling behaviors and beliefs about gambling and health. Although participants in this study were low income, they were as active in gambling as the general population. One pathological gambler and two problem gamblers were identified. The correlation between reported overall health and beliefs about the effects of gambling on health was not significant. Researchers, educators, and nurses working with older adults can help define the health implications of gambling on this population. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) African American pathological gambling EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior aged article female health status health survey human male middle aged psychological aspect statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15109045 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15109045) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 723 TITLE A comparison of health professions student attitudes regarding tobacco curricula and interventionist roles. AUTHOR NAMES Fried J.L. Reid B.C. DeVore L.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fried J.L.; Reid B.C.; DeVore L.E.) Dental Hygiene Program, Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.L. Fried, Dental Hygiene Program, Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA. Email: jlf001@dental.umaryland.edu SOURCE Journal of dental education (2004) 68:3 (370-377). Date of Publication: Mar 2004 ISSN 0022-0337 ABSTRACT Health care providers who feel prepared are more apt to assume tobacco interventionist roles; therefore, educational preparation is critical. A nonprobability sample of health professions students at an urban academic health center were asked to respond to a twenty-two-item survey eliciting demographic, behavioral, and tobacco-related attitudinal information. Frequency distributions were assessed with Pearson chi-square statistics. The overall response rate was 76.7 percent, and final sample size was 319. Current use of spit tobacco (ST) was 2.5 percent and current smoking 5.6 percent. In comparing current smokers to nonsmokers and current ST users to nonusers, we found that no differences in proportion agreeing with any of the five questions about attitudes and opinions were statistically significant at p-value 0.05. At least 70 percent of students from each of six health professions programs agreed it was their professional responsibility to help smokers quit, and at least 65 percent agreed to the same responsibility for helping ST users quit. The proportion agreeing that their programs had course content describing their role in helping patients quit tobacco use varied widely by program from 100 percent agreement among dental hygiene and pharmacy students to 14.6 percent of physical therapy students (p-value <0.001). When asked whether their program adequately prepared them to help smokers quit, agreement ranged from 100 percent among dental hygiene students to only 5.5 percent among physical therapy students (p-value <0.001). Almost 90 percent of dental hygiene students agreed that they were adequately trained to help ST users quit, but no other program had a percentage of agreement above 34 percent (p-value <0.001). Consistent and comprehensive multidisciplinary tobacco-related curricula could offer desirable standardization. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum health personnel attitude professional standard smoking cessation tobacco dependence (prevention) vocational education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health comparative study dental assistant dental student education female human male medical ethics medical student methodology nursing student patient education pharmacy student physiotherapy smoking (epidemiology) statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15038638 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15038638) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 724 TITLE Barriers to managing pain in the nursing home: Findings from a statewide survey AUTHOR NAMES Tarzian A.J. Hoffmann D.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tarzian A.J., atarzian@law.umaryland.edu; Hoffmann D.E.) Univ. of Maryland School of Law, Law and Health Care Program, 500 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201-1786, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.J. Tarzian, Law and Health Care Program, Univ. of Maryland School of Law, 500 W. Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201-1786, United States. Email: atarzian@law.umaryland.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2004) 5:2 (82-88). Date of Publication: March/April 2004 ISSN 1525-8610 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify pain management demographics, perceived resources, and perceived barriers to adequately manage pain in the nursing home setting. Design: Mailed survey. Setting: All licensed Connecticut nursing homes. Participants: Directors of Nursing (DONs). Measurements: Survey eliciting pain management demographics, perceived resources, and perceived barriers to adequately manage pain in respondents' nursing home. Results: A total of 113 of 260 DONs (43%) responded to the survey. Respondents believed pain was suboptimally managed, particularly for residents with malignant and nonmalignant chronic pain. Perceived barriers to providing adequate pain management included lack of knowledge about pain management among nurses and physicians, lack of a standardized approach to treating pain, physicians' personal attitudes toward treating pain (eg, fear of addiction or overdose), lack of diagnostic precision in treating pain, and difficulty in choosing the right analgesic. Other barriers are also discussed, including low hospice enrollment of nursing home residents. Conclusion: Improving pain management in nursing homes requires improving provider knowledge and attitudes, enhancing diagnostic precision, standardizing pain treatment, and achieving an institutional commitment. Although responding DONs seemed aware of the need for improved pain management outcomes at their facilities, the required institutional commitment to accomplish this was not evidenced by these findings. Copyright © 2004 American Medical Directors Association. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, rectal drug administration, subcutaneous drug administration, topical drug administration) morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, subcutaneous drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain (drug therapy, therapy) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS administrative personnel alternative medicine article awareness cancer pain (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy) controlled study demography diagnostic accuracy drug dependence drug overdose fear health care facility health care need health survey hospice human institutional care licence major clinical study medical decision making nurse attitude physician attitude postal mail residential care side effect (side effect) standardization transcutaneous nerve stimulation treatment planning United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004136330 MEDLINE PMID 14984618 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14984618) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 725 TITLE Examining the relationships of addiction and beliefs of nursing students towards persons with alcohol problems. AUTHOR NAMES Earlywine A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Earlywine A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Earlywine, SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (2004) 18:1 (35). Date of Publication: Feb 2004 ISSN 0883-9417 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism attitude to health cultural anthropology health personnel attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human note LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14986289 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14986289) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 726 TITLE "Partnerships and collaborations" the third annual conference of the nursing council on alcohol AUTHOR NAMES Watson H. Cooper P. Champney-Smith J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Watson H., nca.uk@btopenworld.com) Nursing Council on Alcohol, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom. (Cooper P., philip.cooper@lhp.nhs.uk) Community Mental Health Team, Bloomfield House, Looms Lane, Bury St Edmonds IP33 1HE, United Kingdom. (Champney-Smith J.) Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Watson, Nursing Council on Alcohol, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom. Email: nca.uk@btopenworld.com SOURCE Journal of Substance Use (2004) 9:1 (5-6). Date of Publication: Feb 2004 ISSN 1465-9891 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) continuing education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS competence health promotion human medical society note nurse patient relationship nurse practitioner priority journal professional practice risk management symposium CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004195605 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/146598041000693167 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 727 TITLE Nurses' attitudes toward pain treatment with opioids: A survey in a Belgian university hospital AUTHOR NAMES Broekmans S. Vanderschueren S. Morlion B. Kumar A. Evers G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Broekmans S., susan.broekmans@med.kuleuven.ac.be; Vanderschueren S.; Morlion B.; Kumar A.; Evers G.) Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium. (Broekmans S., susan.broekmans@med.kuleuven.ac.be; Evers G.) Ctr. Hlth. Serv. and Nursing Res., Catholic University, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Leuven, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Broekmans, Multidisciplinary Pain Centre, University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium. Email: susan.broekmans@med.kuleuven.ac.be SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2004) 41:2 (183-189). Date of Publication: February 2004 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT Aim: To investigate nurses' attitudes toward pain treatment with opioids in a Belgian university hospital. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was used. The randomised sample included 350 nurses working in the University Hospital Leuven, Belgium. Non-response was 10.9%. Nurses' attitudes were explored by a structured questionnaire. The score on the opioid attitude scale (OAS) varied between 9 and 45. Results: Despite a neutral to positive score on the OAS (mean=69.4%), nurses had clearly negative attitudes towards the use of opioids during a diagnostic phase and the risk of possible addiction. These negative attitudes can hinder adequate pain treatment. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate derivative (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude pain (diagnosis, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (etiology, prevention) adult Belgium controlled study defense mechanism diagnostic procedure education female health services research health survey human male nurse nursing nursing staff prevalence psychological aspect questionnaire randomization review risk factor sampling self evaluation social psychology university hospital work capacity LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 14725782 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14725782) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00129-9 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 728 TITLE Using a symptom-triggered approach to manage patients in acute alcohol withdrawal. AUTHOR NAMES McKay A. Koranda A. Axen D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McKay A.; Koranda A.; Axen D.) Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, MN, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. McKay, Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, MN, USA. SOURCE Medsurg nursing : official journal of the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (2004) 13:1 (15-20, 31; quiz 21). Date of Publication: Feb 2004 ISSN 1092-0811 ABSTRACT Nurses working in the medical-surgical setting routinely care for patients experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal. Symptom-triggered therapy using the revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA-Ar) (Sullivan, Sykora, Schneiderman, Naranjo, & Sellers, 1989) is currently recommended. Scoring patient symptoms using the CIWA-Ar and educating staff nurses are keys to providing consistent management of a patient in acute alcohol withdrawal. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (etiology) withdrawal syndrome (etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS delirium tremens (etiology) human pathophysiology review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 15029927 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15029927) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 729 TITLE Nursing students' perceptions of smoking prevention AUTHOR NAMES Baron-Epel O. Josephsohn K. Ehrenfeld M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baron-Epel O., ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il; Josephsohn K.) The Cheryl Spencer Dept. of Nursing, Fac. of Social Welfare/Hlth. Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel 31095, Israel. (Baron-Epel O., ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il) Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. (Ehrenfeld M.) Nursing Department, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O. Baron-Epel, The Cheryl Spencer Dept. of Nursing, Fac. of Social Welfare/Hlth. Studies, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel 31095, Israel. Email: ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2004) 24:2 (145-151). Date of Publication: February 2004 ISSN 0260-6917 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT Smoking behaviors of student nurses may have a profound effect on the implementation of smoking-prevention activities in the future, as they are the future nurses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of smoking among student nurses in Israel and to identify factors associated with the students' attitude to their role in smoking prevention and to nurses as role models regarding smoking. Student nurses from three large academic schools (782 respondents) answered a self-administered questionnaire. About 22% reported being current smokers. The latter more frequently reported positive attitudes to nurses' smoking and saw no ethical problems in their smoking. Smokers also reported less frequently that nurses should be active in smoking prevention. In a logistic regression model, attitudes to nurses' role in smoking prevention, smoking status, and having friends who smoked were associated with the attitude to nurses as role models. Attitude to nurses as role models was the main variable explaining variance in attitudes to nurses' role in prevention. Smoking status and students' social environment exerted a marked influence on students' attitudes to smoking role modeling. A more holistic approach to student nurses' education about smoking prevention is called for. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article controlled study ethics ethnic group female human human relation Israel logistic regression analysis male medical personnel nursing education parental behavior prevalence questionnaire religion smoking smoking habit social environment LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 14769459 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14769459) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2003.11.001 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 730 TITLE Preconception education: Caring for the future AUTHOR NAMES Gottesman M.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gottesman M.M.) 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1289, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.M. Gottesman, 1585 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1289, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pediatric Health Care (2004) 18:1 (40-44). Date of Publication: January 2004 ISSN 0891-5245 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol folic acid multivitamin teratogenic agent toxin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) maternal care patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption awareness dental procedure diet supplementation domestic violence environmental exposure genetics health education health service human immunization infection risk medical care mental health nurse practitioner nursing nutrition occupational exposure pediatrics pregnancy prematurity (prevention) primary medical care prophylaxis reproduction review social psychology substance abuse tobacco United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) folic acid (59-30-3, 6484-89-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14722506 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722506) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2003.12.002 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 731 TITLE Effects of a continuing education program on nurses' practices of cancer pain assessment and their acceptance of patients' pain reports AUTHOR NAMES Ger L.-P. Chang C.-Y. Ho S.-T. Lee M.-C. Chiang H.-H. Chao C.-S. Lai K.-H. Huang J.-M. Wang S.-C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ger L.-P.) Dept. of Med. Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Chang C.-Y.; Huang J.-M.; Wang S.-C.) Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Lee M.-C.) Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Lai K.-H.) Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. (Ger L.-P.; Ho S.-T.) Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. (Chiang H.-H.) Faculty of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. (Chao C.-S.) Department of Nursing, Medical College, National Chen-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. (Ger L.-P.) Dept. of Med. Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.-P. Ger, Dept. of Med. Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (2004) 27:1 (61-71). Date of Publication: January 2004 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT A hospital-based quasi-experimental (pretest and post-test) study was conducted in Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Taiwan. This study was to evaluate a continuing education program (CEP) on nurses' practices of cancer pain assessment and their acceptance of patients' pain reports with respect to four types of misconceptions. A questionnaire was sent to on-duty nurses or head nurses with patient care responsibilities before the implementation of CEP (n=645) and six months after the program (n=630). The response rates were 92.6% and 91.3% for pretest and post-test surveys, respectively. The CEP was implemented in 8 weeks with four-repeated sessions of 4-hour lectures. A one-day workshop focused on cancer pain assessment and treatment was held 3 months after the four-repeated sessions. Several educational strategies and teaching materials were used in the CEP. The results showed that CEP made statistically significant yet moderate improvement in nurses' practices of pain assessment using pain rating scales (pretest 3.29±0.76 vs. post-test 3.48±0.75, P<0.001) and acceptance of patient's pain reports without misconceptions on addiction (3.12±0.80 vs. 3.39±0.90, P<0.001), phantom pain (3.91±0.96 vs. 4.07±0.92, P=0.005), and placebo testing (3.63±0.72 vs. 3.81±0.73, P<0.001), except on patient gender-age-related doubts (3.60±0.72 vs. 3.67±0.77, P=0.109). In order to achieve further improvement, additional follow-up CEP combined with a hospital-wide institutionalization of pain assessment should be promoted and implemented in the future. © 2004 U.S. Cancer Pain Relief Committee. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (drug therapy, pharmacology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer pain (drug therapy) continuing education pain assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical practice controlled study drug tolerance evaluation study follow up human nurse practitioner patient care questionnaire rating scale statistical significance teaching EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004019023 MEDLINE PMID 14711470 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14711470) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.05.006 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 732 TITLE Substance abuse: Prevalence in a sample of nursing students AUTHOR NAMES Ahmadi J. Maharlooy N. Alishahi M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ahmadi J., jamshid_ahmadi@yahoo.com) Psychiatry, Shiraz Univ. of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. (Maharlooy N.; Alishahi M.) Shiraz Univ. of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. (Ahmadi J., jamshid_ahmadi@yahoo.com) Hafez Hospital, PO Box 71345-1416, Shiraz, Iran. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Ahmadi, Hafez Hospital, PO Box 71345-1416, Shiraz, Iran. Email: jamshid_ahmadi@yahoo.com SOURCE Journal of Clinical Nursing (2004) 13:1 (60-64). Date of Publication: January 2004 ISSN 0962-1067 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd ABSTRACT Aims. The aim of this research was to evalvate the prevalence of substance abuse in a sample of Iranian nursing students. Design and measurements. Four hundred nursing students (85.25% were females and 14.25% were male) were assessed by a confidential questionnaire based on DSM-IV, which was distributed, completed by the students and collected in the same session. Findings. Mean age of the females was 20.3 and of males was 22.8. Of the subjects, 27.3% (21. 4% of females and 61% of males) reported usage of substance(s) once or more sometime during their lives: cigarette (25.3%), alcohol (5.8%), opium (8.5%), cocaine (1.5%), hashish (1.5%), marijuana (0.8%) and morphine (0.5%). Only 3.8% of the participants (1.8% of females and 15.3% of males) reported still using substances: cigarettes (3.3%), alcohol (1.7%), opium (0.8%), cocaine (0.5%) and marijuana (0.3%). About 11.8% of the subjects (10% of females and 22% of males) reported using of substances occasionally (at least once a month): cigarette (10.8%), alcohol (3.5%), opium (4.3%), cocaine (0.5%) and hashish (0.3%). Some used or were using more than one substance. Conclusions. Substance use was significantly related to sex: higher among males than females. Tobacco and opium were found to be the most prevalent form of substance use among students. Pleasurable purposes, habit, need (to avoid withdrawal symptoms) and tension were the major reasons for substance use. There was no report of psychedelics use. These results are, however, different from those studies carried out in the west, although there is some overlap. Cultural attitudes toward substance use quite likely affect the types and patterns of use. These findings can be considered when planning preventive and therapeutic programmes. Relevance to clinical practice. Substance use can reduce scientific progress and academic achievement of nursing students; therefore, authorities of the university must be able to assess the extent of the problem, understand the contributing factors, recognize signs and symptoms, and use educational interventions in identifying and preventing substance dependency. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol cannabis cocaine opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical personnel substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption article attitude confidentiality controlled study cultural factor female habit human Iran major clinical study male nursing prevalence questionnaire sex ratio smoking tension tobacco withdrawal syndrome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 14687294 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14687294) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2702.2003.00841.x COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 733 TITLE Positive youth development: reducing the health risks of homeless youth. AUTHOR NAMES Taylor-Seehafer M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Taylor-Seehafer M.A.) Family and Public Health Division, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Taylor-Seehafer, Family and Public Health Division, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Email: denk444357@aol.com SOURCE MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing (2004) 29:1 (36-40). Date of Publication: 2004 Jan-Feb ISSN 0361-929X ABSTRACT This article outlines several preventive health strategies for reducing the health risks of homeless youth related to emotional distress, alcohol and other drug use/abuse, risky sex, and victimization, all of which are well documented as major health risks for homeless youth living on the street. These health risks interrupt normal adolescent development and are primary obstacles to exiting the street culture and lifestyle. Research indicates that risk exposures among adolescents can be moderated and/or buffered by a focus on individual strengths and environmental protective factors such as community support and mentoring. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior health education homelessness preventive health service program development EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent community care human maternal care methodology nursing organization and management review risk assessment sexual education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14734963 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14734963) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 734 TITLE Internet information that's free, accurate and helpful. AUTHOR NAMES Ilardi D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ilardi D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Ilardi, SOURCE School nurse news (2004) 21:1 (30-32). Date of Publication: Jan 2004 ISSN 1080-7543 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education information service Internet EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (etiology, prevention) adolescent article child education human nurse attitude organization and management school health nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14753088 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14753088) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 735 TITLE Drug and substance use in adolescents. AUTHOR NAMES Schiffman R.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schiffman R.F.) University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-MIlwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.F. Schiffman, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-MIlwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. Email: schiffma@uwm.edu SOURCE MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing (2004) 29:1 (21-27; quiz 28-29). Date of Publication: 2004 Jan-Feb ISSN 0361-929X ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of adolescent drug and substance use, and includes prevalence and trends, commonly occurring comorbid conditions, clinical manifestations of drug and substance use, and evidence-based prevention and treatment principles. Risk and protective factors in five domains are also discussed in this article to provide guidance for assessment and care planning. A detailed table of the most prevalent drugs used by adolescents, including the drug's street names and the clinical manifestations of each drug's use, is offered to assist nurses in understanding their adolescent patients' language and to aid in teaching. Nurses are in varied and ideal positions to begin early screening (and to include families, peers, and other important influences in the adolescent's life), to provide continuity of care, and to advocate in the policy arena for development and funding of comprehensive and efficacious programs to help prevent or treat substance use in adolescents. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) child behavior maternal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent human methodology nursing nursing assessment prevalence review risk factor United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14734961 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14734961) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 736 TITLE The Pharmacological Management of Chronic Pain in Long-Term Care Settings: Balancing Efficacy and Safety AUTHOR NAMES Argoff C.E. Cranmer W.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Argoff C.E.) Cohn Pain Management Center, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, United States. (Argoff C.E.) Department of Neurology, New York Univ. School of Medicine, . (Cranmer W.W.) Amer. Bd. of Psychiat. and Neurology, . (Cranmer W.W.) Geriatric Medical Associates, Oklahoma City, OK, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.E. Argoff, Cohn Pain Management Center, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, United States. SOURCE Consultant Pharmacist (2003) 18:SUPPL. A (4-18). Date of Publication: 2003 ISSN 0888-5109 ABSTRACT Objectives: To understand the extent and impact of chronic pain in the nursing home setting, the array of pharmacological options available for the treatment of chronic pain, and to examine the role of the consultant pharmacist in improving chronic pain management among elderly nursing home residents. Data sources: Literature reviews, national and international guidelines, expert opinion. Data Synthesis: Chronic pain remains a common and undertreated condition among elderly nursing home residents. Although the reasons for the undertreatment of pain in this population are complex, failure to recognize pain and to utilize the full spectrum of analgesic options available for the management of pain may be central underlying elements. The consultant pharmacist, in conjunction with the entire treatment team, can prioritize pain recognition and implement treatment strategies that incorporate analgesics from the full array of pharmacological options shown to be effective and well tolerated in the elderly. Conclusions: Adequate treatment of pain in the nursing home setting will require an institutional commitment to determine which residents are in pain and to identify the most appropriate treatment option for an individual resident. The consultant pharmacist can play a central role in this process by (1) participating in a coordinated education process for the entire treatment team; (2) participating in the selection of an appropriate analgesic regimen; and (3) evaluating the ongoing efficacy, safety, and tolerability of analgesic regimens for long-term care residents. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alpha 2 adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology) analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug therapy, oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmacology, topical drug administration, transdermal drug administration) anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology) antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology) muscle relaxant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology) n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS capsaicin (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration) carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology) clonazepam (drug therapy) codeine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) diphenhydramine (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration) etiracetam fentanyl (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology, transdermal drug administration) fentanyl citrate gabapentin (drug therapy) hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology) hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) ibuprofen (drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology) lamotrigine (drug therapy, pharmacology) lidocaine (clinical trial, drug administration, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration) methadone (drug therapy) morphine sulfate (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology) opiate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration) oxcarbazepine oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology) oxycodone plus paracetamol (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology) oxymorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy) phenytoin topical agent (drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration) topiramate unindexed drug (drug therapy) valproate semisodium (drug therapy) valproic acid zonisamide EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) long term care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (side effect) analgesia ataxia (side effect) burning sensation (side effect) clinical pharmacy clinical trial cognitive defect (side effect) constipation (side effect) diplopia (side effect) dizziness (side effect) drowsiness (side effect) drug dependence (diagnosis) drug efficacy drug formulation drug mechanism drug safety drug tolerance drug use endocrine disease (side effect) gastrointestinal toxicity (side effect) geriatric patient heart arrhythmia (side effect) human hypotension (side effect) inappropriate drug use lethargy (side effect) libido disorder (side effect) liver toxicity (side effect) low back pain (drug therapy) mental disease (complication) nausea (side effect) nephrotoxicity (side effect) neuropathic pain (drug therapy) nursing home nystagmus (side effect) orthostatic hypotension (side effect) pain assessment pharmacist postherpetic neuralgia (drug therapy) prevalence pruritus (side effect) review sedation side effect (side effect) sleep disorder (side effect) somnolence (side effect) sustained release preparation thrombocyte dysfunction (side effect) undertreatment visual impairment (side effect) vomiting (side effect) xerostomia (side effect) DRUG TRADE NAMES actiq carbatrol depacon dilantin dilaudid keppra lamictal neurontin numorphan roxanol roxicodone topamax trileptal zonegran zydone CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS capsaicin (404-86-4) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) clonazepam (1622-61-3) codeine (76-57-3) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) etiracetam (102767-28-2, 33996-58-6) fentanyl citrate (990-73-8) fentanyl (437-38-7) gabapentin (60142-96-3) hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) lamotrigine (84057-84-1) lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3) muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) oxcarbazepine (28721-07-5) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) oxymorphone (357-07-3, 76-41-5) paracetamol (103-90-2) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) topiramate (97240-79-4) valproate semisodium (76584-70-8) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) zonisamide (68291-97-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Anesthesiology (24) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Pharmacy (39) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004068302 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 737 TITLE Want to give up smoking? Self-help tips for professionals. AUTHOR NAMES Percival J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Percival J.) Royal College of Nursing, London. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Percival, Royal College of Nursing, London. SOURCE The journal of family health care (2003) 13:6 (165-167). Date of Publication: 2003 ISSN 1474-9114 ABSTRACT Health professionals are well aware of the health risks of nicotine but find it as hard as lay people to give up smoking. How people prepare themselves for quitting is important in determining success. Jennifer Percival, Tobacco Education Project Manager at the Royal College of Nursing, explains how to assess motivation and measure one's level of addiction. She also gives practical steps for getting off to a successful start. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care personnel self care smoking (prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education health behavior human methodology psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14753122 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14753122) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 738 TITLE Preventing cancer by controlling youth tobacco use. AUTHOR NAMES DiFranza J.R. Wellman R.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (DiFranza J.R.; Wellman R.J.) Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.R. DiFranza, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. SOURCE Seminars in oncology nursing (2003) 19:4 (261-267). Date of Publication: Nov 2003 ISSN 0749-2081 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To review the epidemiology and prevention of teen smoking and the risks of smoking among survivors of childhood cancer. DATA SOURCES: Research articles, government reports, and surveys. CONCLUSION: Nicotine dependence often begins with the first few cigarettes smoked during adolescence. Teen tobacco use is fueled by the attractive social images that tobacco companies create for their products. Curtailing the sale of tobacco to minors and increasing their price decreases availability. Banning smoking in schools and public places reduces smoking opportunities. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses have an important role to play in the battle against tobacco-induced malignancies through collaboration with community efforts or state initiatives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education nurse attitude smoking (adverse drug reaction, prevention) tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent advertizing attitude to health child child behavior commercial phenomena human legal aspect lung tumor (etiology, prevention) methodology nursing nursing methodology research review risk factor United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14702860 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702860) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 739 TITLE The global epidemic of tobacco and cancer. AUTHOR NAMES Sarna L. Cooley M.E. Danao L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sarna L.; Cooley M.E.; Danao L.) UCLA School of Nursing, 700 Tiverton Ave, Box 956918, Factor 4-262, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Sarna, UCLA School of Nursing, 700 Tiverton Ave, Box 956918, Factor 4-262, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6918, USA. SOURCE Seminars in oncology nursing (2003) 19:4 (233-243). Date of Publication: Nov 2003 ISSN 0749-2081 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To provide a global context for understanding the epidemic of tobacco-induced disease, and the need for nursing action. DATA SOURCES: International cancer and tobacco statistics; published articles. CONCLUSION: Tobacco use is a global problem and a significant issue for cancer control. The efforts of health professionals, especially those concerned about cancer, are needed to confront this epidemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Worldwide action of nurses, the largest group of health professionals, is critical in preventing tobacco use, helping with tobacco cessation, and decreasing exposure to second-hand smoke. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education neoplasm (etiology, prevention) nurse attitude oncology nursing smoking cessation tobacco dependence (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health human international cooperation methodology nursing patient education review risk factor standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14702857 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14702857) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 740 TITLE A Comparison of Smoking Habits among Medical and Nursing Students AUTHOR NAMES Patkar A.A. Hill K. Batra V. Vergare M.J. Leone F.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Patkar A.A., ashwin.patkar@mail.tju.edu; Vergare M.J.) Dept. of Psychiat. and Hum. Behav., Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Batra V.; Leone F.T.) Division of Critical Care, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Hill K.) Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Patkar A.A., ashwin.patkar@mail.tju.edu) Department of Psychiatry, Thomas Jefferson University, 833 Chestnut St East, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.A. Patkar, Department of Psychiatry, Thomas Jefferson University, 833 Chestnut St East, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States. Email: ashwin.patkar@mail.tju.edu SOURCE Chest (2003) 124:4 (1415-1420). Date of Publication: October 2003 ISSN 0012-3692 BOOK PUBLISHER American College of Chest Physicians, 3300 Dundee Road, Northbrook, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: The approach and credibility of future physicians and nurses as treatment providers for smoking- and tobacco-related diseases may be influenced by their smoking habits. We compared smoking habits among medical and nursing students, and examined whether these habits changed during the course of education for each cohort. Method: Over 1,100 medical and nursing students from a university were surveyed in year 2000 using a questionnaire that included the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND). Results: A total of 397 medical students and 126 nursing students completed the survey. Significantly fewer medical students (3.3%) smoked compared to nursing students (13.5%). Also, significantly more nursing students were former smokers (17.8%) than medical students (9.8%). The severity of nicotine dependence, as indicated by the total FTND score as well as scores on five of the six items on the FTND, was significantly lower among medical students compared to nursing students. Smoking or quit rates did not differ across class years in both groups; however, unlike nursing students, time since quitting significantly differed across class years for medical students. Although smoking habits appear to change little during the course of education for both medical and nursing students, many smokers may have quit just prior to entering medical school but not nursing school. Conclusions: The findings confirm the continuing decline in smoking among medical students in the United States; however, increased efforts to promote tobacco education and intervention among nursing students seem necessary. Nevertheless, both groups appear to have the potential to be credible advisors to patients and public regarding smoking cessation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical student nursing smoking habit EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cohort analysis comparative study controlled study female health survey human male medical personnel medical school normal human nursing education priority journal questionnaire scoring system statistical significance university EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003424580 MEDLINE PMID 14555574 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14555574) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.124.4.1415 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 741 TITLE Making schools safer and healthier for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning students. AUTHOR NAMES Benton J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Benton J.) Waunakee Community Schools, Waunakee, WI, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Benton, Waunakee Community Schools, Waunakee, WI, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (2003) 19:5 (251-259). Date of Publication: Oct 2003 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT This article describes some of the special health and safety concerns that many lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning youth face in schools. Among these problems are increased drug and alcohol use, sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy risks, depression and suicidality, and increased likelihood of being a victim of harassment or assault. School nurses can play a unique role in the lives of these students. A needs assessment is reviewed that describes school nurses' perceived professional responsibility and their actual practice with regard to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning youth. Five barriers to optimal health care for these students are discussed. Methods that encourage students to view the school nurse as an ally, as well as issues surrounding disclosure or "coming out," are discussed. Special considerations of confidentiality, community agency referral, and family disclosure are discussed. Appropriate interventions at school and ways to begin to change the school climate are also presented. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) school health nursing sexuality student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent confidentiality female health personnel attitude human male methodology nurse attitude nurse patient relationship nursing organization organization and management patient advocacy review self disclosure sexual education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14498773 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14498773) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 742 TITLE Substance misuse and serious mental illness: spiritual care. AUTHOR NAMES Hammond A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hammond A.) Substance Misuse Service, West Kent NHS, Social Care Trust, Dartford, Kent. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Hammond, Substance Misuse Service, West Kent NHS, Social Care Trust, Dartford, Kent. Email: andrea.hammond@tgt.sthames.nhs.uk SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (2003) 18:2 (33-38). Date of Publication: 2003 Sep 24-30 ISSN 0029-6570 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: People with a dual diagnosis of serious mental illness and substance misuse may be difficult to treat. This article explores how spirituality can be integrated into community care plans of these patients. It highlights the importance of including spirituality in pre- and post-basic-education programmes. CONCLUSION: Nursing models that integrate the positivist, existential and spiritual approach to understanding and caring for those with a dual diagnosis should be developed. Nurses could develop support groups along the lines of Alcoholics Anonymous to provide support to this group of clients. The use of complementary therapies by those with a dual diagnosis is an area of possibilities. The challenge is now to integrate spirituality into the already established biopsychosocial approach to caring for those with a dual diagnosis. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (etiology) alternative medicine mental disease (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS community health nursing human model nursing patient care planning psychiatric nursing psychological aspect religion review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14596217 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14596217) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 743 TITLE Imagery and associations of adolescents reflected in their behaviour AUTHOR NAMES Kyasová M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kyasová M., mkyasova@med.muni.cz) Dept. Geriat., Nursing/Gen. Pract., Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. (Kyasová M., mkyasova@med.muni.cz) Dept. Geriat., Nursing/Gen. Pract., Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Joštova 10, 662 43 Brno, Czech Republic. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Kyasová, Dept. Geriat., Nursing/Gen. Pract., Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Joštova 10, 662 43 Brno, Czech Republic. Email: mkyasova@med.muni.cz SOURCE Central European Journal of Public Health (2003) 11:3 (132-137). Date of Publication: September 2003 ISSN 1210-7778 BOOK PUBLISHER Czech National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, Prague, Czech Republic. ABSTRACT In adolescent girls, by means of imagery and associations it was studied, which images and associations produce concepts expressing activities which, on the one hand, protect and promote health (exercises, use of seat belts, and condoms) and, on the other hand, represent a health risk (drinking beer and liquor, cigarette smoking, marijuana smoking and cocain use, and sexual intercourse) and how they influence the respondents' behaviour. Nursing school students were interviewed by means of a questionnaire published by the Oregon Research Institute, U.S.A. The respondents gave a total number of 15,760 images for nine concepts. The associations for smoking cigarettes and cocain were evaluated only negatively although 35% respondents had smoked in the past six months. The associations for exercising were given mainly positive ratings and, in some cases, neutral ratings although the respondents mentioned low regular physical activities. Drinking liquor and the using of seat belts were evaluated positively, negatively and neutrally. Neady three quarters of the respondents had consumed alcoholic drinks occasionally or frequently during the past six months. Drinking beer and smoking marijuana were associated with negative or neutral images. Sexual intercourse and condom use were prevailingly associated with positive images. Our results have shown that images and associations tend to contradict the adolescents' behaviour. However, the results can form a basis for a particular application in primary preventive programmes which should make use of and promote the development of desirable attitudes and behaviour. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol cannabis cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) association child behavior health behavior imagery EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcohol consumption article attitude beer concept formation condom daily life activity drinking behavior drug abuse evaluation study exercise female health hazard health promotion human interview liquid nursing education prediction prophylaxis rating scale seatbelt sexual behavior sexual intercourse smoking student CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003375706 MEDLINE PMID 14514165 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14514165) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 744 TITLE Average cost of VA rehabilitation, mental health, and long-term hospital stays AUTHOR NAMES Yu W. Wagner T.H. Chen S. Barnett P.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yu W.; Wagner T.H.; Barnett P.G.) VA HSR and D Health Economics Resource Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. (Chen S.) VA HSR and D Health Economics Resource Center, . CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS VA HSR and D Health Economics Resource Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States. SOURCE Medical Care Research and Review (2003) 60:3 SUPPL. (40S-53S). Date of Publication: September 2003 ISSN 1077-5587 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States. ABSTRACT This article describes the development of a database for the cost of inpatient rehabilitation, mental health, and long-term care stays in the Department of Veterans Affairs from fiscal year 1998 forward. Using "bedsection," which is analogous to a hospital ward, the authors categorize inpatient services into nine categories: rehabilitation, blind rehabilitation, spinal cord injury, psychiatry, substance abuse, intermediate medicine, domiciliary, psychosocial residential rehabilitation, and nursing home. For each of the nine categories, they estimated a national and a local (i.e., medical center) average per diem cost. The nursing home average per diem costs were adjusted for case mix using patient assessment information. Encounter-level costs were then calculated by multiplying the average per diem cost by the number of days of stay in the fiscal year. The national cost estimates are more reliable than the local cost estimates. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care cost EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS blindness (disease management) calculation case mix cost of illness data base health care financing home care hospital patient hospitalization human length of stay long term care mental health nursing home psychiatry rehabilitation reliability review spinal cord injury (disease management) substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003333456 MEDLINE PMID 15095545 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15095545) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 745 TITLE Examining the relationship of addiction education and beliefs of nursing students toward persons with alcohol problems. AUTHOR NAMES Martinez R.J. Murphy-Parker D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Martinez R.J.; Murphy-Parker D.) University of Colorado Health Sciences Center-School of Nursing in Denver, CO 80262, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.J. Martinez, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center-School of Nursing in Denver, CO 80262, USA. Email: ruby.martineez@uchsc.edu SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (2003) 17:4 (156-164). Date of Publication: Aug 2003 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT This study examined the effectiveness of two methods of teaching nursing students about alcohol addiction. Each student who agreed to participate was given pretests, posttests, and 3-month follow-up tests that measured knowledge about and beliefs held toward people who abuse alcohol. Group 1 received lecture only, whereas group 2 received lecture and discussion with a person who had been sober for many years. Both groups showed improved scores in knowledge and certain aspects of beliefs, however, group 2 showed greater knowledge and more accurate beliefs overall toward this population than group 1. The introduction of a person successfully remaining sober was shown to be an even more effective teaching strategy than lecture alone. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health cultural anthropology drinking behavior (prevention) health education health personnel attitude nursing student perception EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male middle aged LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14508771 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14508771) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 746 TITLE Nursing and tobacco reduction: A review of the literature AUTHOR NAMES Schultz A.S.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schultz A.S.H., annettes@interchange.ubc.ca) School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.S.H. Schultz, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada. Email: annettes@interchange.ubc.ca SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (2003) 40:6 (571-586). Date of Publication: August 2003 ISSN 0020-7489 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd ABSTRACT Nurses have an instrumental role to play in tobacco reduction, which is one strategy used to address tobacco use; a primary source of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. The following review addresses activities by two groups of nurses: nursing governance bodies and nurse scientists, whom together provide vision and knowledge to support and shape nursing practice. While nursing governance bodies and scientists have contributed a great deal to tobacco reduction, there are also gaps. Areas that require strengthening are: support for tobacco dependent nurses, basic nursing education concerning tobacco dependency treatment, and integration of tobacco dependence treatment into nursing practice. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical practice nursing smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical trial health care human medical research morbidity mortality nursing education practice guideline reduction review tobacco dependence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 12834923 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12834923) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00038-5 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 747 TITLE An audit of interventions for dual diagnosis in a psychiatric unit. AUTHOR NAMES Saunder L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Saunder L.) City University, London. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Saunder, City University, London. SOURCE Nursing times (2003) 99:27 (34-36). Date of Publication: 2003 Jul 8-14 ISSN 0954-7762 ABSTRACT A programme of training on dual diagnosis was implemented for mental health nurses working in an acute psychiatric unit following recommendations at both a national and local level. An audit of the key standards was carried out to examine the interventions offered to patients with a dual diagnosis. An improvement was observed in the standards of care, but the sample size was small and without further statistical analysis it would be difficult to determine whether the improvement is statistically significant. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) in service training nursing education psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education evaluation study health care quality human medical record model needs assessment nursing nursing evaluation research practice guideline standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12882052 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12882052) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 748 TITLE Intervening with at-risk youth: evaluation of the youth empowerment and support program. AUTHOR NAMES Moody K.A. Childs J.C. Sepples S.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moody K.A.; Childs J.C.; Sepples S.B.) University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.A. Moody, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. SOURCE Pediatric nursing (2003) 29:4 (263-270). Date of Publication: 2003 Jul-Aug ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT This study evaluated a community-based intervention, the Youth Empowerment and Support Program (YES-P), a theoretically-based program designed to decrease drug use and strengthen connections to school in at-risk youth living in high-risk environments. The YES-P included several interventions, such as providing mentor support and social skills training; growing a positive peer culture; and developing youth in leadership roles for community service. These interventions were delivered by 10 nursing students in a weekly, after school, 2-hour, group activity for 20 weeks for 13 inner-city youth ages 10-12 years (7 girls, 6 boys). One girl identified herself as Hispanic and the others as Caucasian. Using a pre/post one-group design, data were collected in 1999 from program participants to evaluate the YES-P. Results of a 1-year pilot study suggest that the multilevel interventions were associated with positive effects on at-risk youth. In particular, respondents at the posttest reported higher levels of self-esteem, mentor support, positive peer bonding, social skills attainment, and school attachment. Attitudes against underage drug use decreased from pre-test scores revealing areas for strengthening the program. These results lend empirical support to the positive evaluation of the YES-P with at-risk youth living in high-risk environments. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child evaluation study female health care quality high risk behavior human leadership male organization and management peer group risk factor self concept social behavior teacher urban population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12956545 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12956545) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 749 TITLE Tobacco use and degenerative joint disease of the spine. AUTHOR NAMES Brotherson J.D. Marshall E.S. Measom G. Clark J.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brotherson J.D.; Marshall E.S.; Measom G.; Clark J.R.) Utah Vasular Center, Provo, Utah, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.D. Brotherson, Utah Vasular Center, Provo, Utah, USA. SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2003) 15:6 (277-281). Date of Publication: Jun 2003 ISSN 1041-2972 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To examine differences between tobacco users and nonusers who required surgical treatment for degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the spine. DATA SOURCES: Two hundred randomly selected medical records of patients who had undergone surgery for DJD of the spine. CONCLUSIONS: The number of tobacco users in the sample was significantly higher than the number of tobacco users in the general population, indicating greater incidence of DJD among tobacco users. The study demonstrated significant differences between tobacco users and nonusers regarding age, gender, type of occupation, number of imaging studies to diagnosis, and needs for pain management. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nurse practitioners who deal with education and treatment of patients at risk for spinal degenerative joint disease must consider tobacco use as a significant factor, especially regarding diagnostic studies and pain management. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) arthropathy (etiology, surgery) smokeless tobacco (adverse drug reaction) smoking (adverse drug reaction) spine disease (etiology, surgery) tobacco dependence (complication) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged analysis of variance article chi square distribution comparative study female health status human male middle aged pathophysiology risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12861894 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12861894) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 750 TITLE Multidisciplinary medication review in nursing home residents: What are the most significant drug-related problems? The Bergen District Nursing Home (BEDNURS) study AUTHOR NAMES Ruths S. Straand J. Nygaard H.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ruths S., sabine.ruths@isf.uib.no) Section for Geriatric Medicine, Dept. of Pub. Hlth./Prim. Hlth. Care, University of Bergen, Ulriksdal 8c, N-5009 Bergen, Norway. (Ruths S., sabine.ruths@isf.uib.no; Nygaard H.A.) Section for Geriatric Medicine, Dept. of Pub. Hlth./Prim. Hlth. Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. (Straand J.) Sect. for Gen. Pract./Fam. Medicine, Dept. of Gen. Pract./Comm. Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Ruths, Section for Geriatric Medicine, Dept. of Pub. Hlth./Prim. Hlth. Care, University of Bergen, Ulriksdal 8c, N-5009 Bergen, Norway. Email: sabine.ruths@isf.uib.no SOURCE Quality and Safety in Health Care (2003) 12:3 (176-180). Date of Publication: June 2003 ISSN 0963-8172 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Aim: Based on a multidisciplinary review of drug use in nursing home residents, this study aimed to identify the most frequent clinically relevant medication problems and to analyse them according to the drugs involved and types of problems. Methods: Cross sectional study auditing drug use by 1354 residents in 23 nursing homes in Bergen, Norway. Data were collected in 1997. A physician/pharmacist panel performed a comprehensive medication review with regard to indications for drug use and active medical conditions. The drug related problems were subsequently classified according to the drugs involved and types of problems (indication, effectiveness, and safety issues). Results: 2445 potential medication problems were identified in 1036 (76%) residents. Psychoactive drugs accounted for 38% of all problems; antipsychotics were the class most often involved. Multiple psychoactive drug use was considered particularly problematic. Potential medication problems were most frequently classified as risk of adverse drug reactions (26%), inappropriate drug choice for indication (20%), and underuse of beneficial treatment (13%). Conclusions: Three of four nursing home residents had clinically relevant medication problems, most of which were accounted for by psychoactive drugs. The most frequent concerns were related to adverse drug reactions, drug choice, and probable undertreatment. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction) antihistaminic agent (adverse drug reaction) anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction) hypnotic agent (adverse drug reaction) loop diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction) mineral (adverse drug reaction) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction) opiate (adverse drug reaction) psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease (side effect) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug choice drug efficacy drug safety drug use human Norway outcomes research pharmacist physician attitude review treatment indication CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003242857 MEDLINE PMID 12792006 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12792006) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 751 TITLE Co-morbidity and treatment needs among nursing home residents receiving alcohol and drug treatment AUTHOR NAMES Buchanan R.J. Gorman D.M. Wang S. Huang C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gorman D.M.) Department of Epidemiology, School of Rural Public Health, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, United States. (Wang S.) Department of Statistics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX, United States. (Huang C.) Department of Statistics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States. (Buchanan R.J., buchanan@srph.tamu.edu) Dept. of Hlth. Policy and Management, School of Rural Public Health, TAMU 1266, College Station, TX 77843-1266, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.J. Buchanan, Dept. of Hlth. Policy and Management, School of Rural Public Health, TAMU 1266, College Station, TX 77843-1266, United States. Email: buchanan@srph.tamu.edu SOURCE Journal of Addictive Diseases (2003) 22:2 (31-47). Date of Publication: 2003 ISSN 1055-0887 BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. ABSTRACT This study profiles nursing home residents receiving alcohol and drug treatment, describing their sociodemographic, health, and treatment characteristics. We analyzed 3,662 admission assessments in the Minimum Data Set for people receiving alcohol/drug treatment from June, 1998 through September, 2000. These residents were likely to be male and under age 50. More than half were White and 29 percent were African American. Typically, these residents were not physically or cognitively impaired. However, more than 39 percent had unstable health patterns and almost 21 percent had HIV disease. Thirty-eight percent had a history of mental health conditions, with 24 percent having depression and almost 18 percent having schizophrenia. At least 75 percent received no psychological therapy in the previous 7 days and a majority did not receive antipsychotic, antianxiety, or antidepressant medications. These analyses indicate that most recently admitted residents receiving alcohol/drug treatment did not receive mental health therapy in nursing homes. © 2003 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent (drug therapy) anxiolytic agent (drug therapy) diuretic agent (drug therapy) hypnotic agent (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (drug therapy, therapy) drug dependence (drug therapy, therapy) drug dependence treatment health care need nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult age article comorbidity demography depression (epidemiology) ethnology female health human Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology) major clinical study male mental disease (epidemiology) psychopharmacotherapy psychotherapy schizophrenia (epidemiology) sex ratio EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003196686 MEDLINE PMID 12703667 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12703667) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J069v22n02_03 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 752 TITLE Pharmacist involvement in a multidisciplinary inpatient medication education program AUTHOR NAMES Calabrese A.T. Cholka K. Lenhart S.E. McCarty B. Zewe G. Sunseri D. Roberts M. Kapoor W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) Department of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh (UP), Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) UPMC-Presbytrian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Cholka K.) Department of Ambulatory Care, Univ. of Wisconsin Hosp. and Clinics, Madison, WI, United States. (Cholka K.; Lenhart S.E.) Department of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Lenhart S.E.) Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ, United States. (McCarty B.; Zewe G.; Sunseri D.) Department od Medicine, UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Zewe G.) School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Roberts M.) Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Kapoor W.) Division of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) Department of Pharmacy, UPMC Health System, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.T. Calabrese, Department of Pharmacy, UPMC Health System, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Email: calabresea@msx.upmc.edu SOURCE American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2003) 60:10 (1012-1018). Date of Publication: 15 May 2003 ISSN 1079-2082 BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, United States. ABSTRACT The development of a multidisciplinary inpatient medication education program is described. A multidisciplinary group designed and implemented a medication education program with defined roles for both nurses and pharmacists. Nurses provided medication education to patients during each medication administration using specially designed assessment and teaching tools. The nursing staff submitted requests for pharmacist consultations for patients with complex medication regimens, who were admitted because of a drug-related problem or who required additional teaching as determined through the medication education assessment form. A complex medication regimen was defined as the admin[stration of oral medication more than five different times per day, the start of at least 5 new medications that would be continued at discharge, or the prescribing of at least 10 medications to be taken daily that would be continued at discharge. Pharmacists provided education for 19% of admitted patients during a six-month period. As a result of pharmacists' interactions with prescribers and nurses, the number of medications was reduced in 12% of these patients, and the number of medication administrations each day was reduced in 19% of patients. In addition, for 33% of patients, pharmacists contacted the prescriber to make recommendations beyond the scope of the medication education program that optimized and simplified the patient's drug regimen. The development of a structured medication education program allowed patients to receive medication education throughout their hospitalization from both nurses and pharmacists. Pharmacists provided education for patients at highest risk for noncompliance or poor outcomes. Full implementation of a medication education program involving staff pharmacists is planned. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS warfarin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use education program patient education pharmacist EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS algorithm article hospital patient human nurse patient compliance priority journal CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003198693 MEDLINE PMID 12789872 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12789872) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 753 TITLE Will childhood relationships with parents contribute to a satisfying sex life? AUTHOR NAMES Ojanlatva A. Helenius H. Rautava P. Ahvenainen J. Koskenvuo M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ojanlatva A., ansa.ojanlatva@utu.fi) Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. (Helenius H.) Department of Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. (Rautava P.) Turku City Hospital, Turku, Finland. (Ahvenainen J.; Koskenvuo M.) Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Ojanlatvat, Turku City Hospital, Administration, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700 Turku, Finland. Email: ansa.ojanlatva@utu.fi SOURCE Sexual and Relationship Therapy (2003) 18:2 (205-214). Date of Publication: May 2003 ISSN 1468-1994 ABSTRACT The study analysed the associations of three sex life issues (importance of and satisfaction with sex life, and ease in talking about sex life) in adulthood and childhood variables (relationship with mother/father, parents' divorce, economic difficulties, conflicts, being afraid of a family member, family member's illness or alcoholism) in a population-based random sample of 21,101 Finnish respondents stratified according to four age groups (20-24, 30-34, 40-44, and 50-54 years). A questionnaire was mailed in 1998 with a second mailing 10 weeks later. Relationships with parents and selected events in childhood predicted importance of and satisfaction with sex life as well as ease in talking about sex life. Close and warm relationships with parents are important to both genders in relation to their adult sex lives. The value of this could be usefully taken into account during educational sessions for teachers, nurses, physicians, well-baby clinic staff, and other professionals. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child parent relation sexual behavior EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult adulthood alcoholism article childhood conflict controlled study divorce economic aspect family life father child relation female gender human human relation male medical staff mother child relation nurse outcomes research physician population research prediction professional practice questionnaire randomization satisfaction sexual education teacher EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003207519 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1468199031000099433 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 754 TITLE Alcohol-related health problems in general hospitals. AUTHOR NAMES Proctor D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Proctor D.) Royal Bolton Hospital. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Proctor, Royal Bolton Hospital. SOURCE Nursing times (2003) 99:9 (26-27). Date of Publication: 2003 Mar 4-10 ISSN 0954-7762 ABSTRACT Alcohol-related health problems place a significant burden on general hospitals. Statistics indicate that one in seven acute hospital admissions is a result of alcohol misuse and that one in six attendances at A&E is alcohol related, rising to eight out of 10 at peak times on weekend evenings. Nurses have a role to play in estimating a patient's alcohol use and, if appropriate, providing 'brief intervention' consisting of simple advice and information on sensible drinking. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, therapy) general hospital health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drinking behavior hospitalization human nursing review United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12673982 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12673982) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 755 TITLE Nurses' training on dealing with alcohol and drug abuse: a question of necessity. AUTHOR NAMES Pillon S.C. Luis M.A. Laranjeira R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pillon S.C.; Luis M.A.; Laranjeira R.) Department os Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.C. Pillon, Department os Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. SOURCE Revista do Hospital das Clínicas (2003) 58:2 (119-124). Date of Publication: 2003 Mar-Apr ISSN 0041-8781 ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to present a brief review on the need for changes in nurses' undergraduate education concerning alcohol and drugs. Specialized literature makes it clear that nurses have difficulties giving care to psychoactive substance users as part of their functions in the various health care sites. This may be associated with a deficiency in formal education. In the face of the social importance concerning these related questions in the scope of research, care, and education, we made an attempt at deepening the study on this theme, which could contribute to changes in practice, care, and undergraduate nursing education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism nursing education patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human nurse attitude nursing review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12845366 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12845366) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 756 TITLE Methadone maintenance: Its future in skilled nursing facilities AUTHOR NAMES Goldberg R.J. Grabowski R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goldberg R.J.) New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States. (Goldberg R.J.) The Bayberry Care Center, New Rochelle, NY, United States. (Goldberg R.J.; Grabowski R.) United Odd Fellow/Rebekah Home, Bronx, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.J. Goldberg, Private Med. Grp. of New Rochelle, 150 Lockwood Avenue, New Rochelle, NY 10801, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2003) 4:2 (98-100). Date of Publication: March/April 2003 ISSN 1525-8610 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The number of geriatric residents in skilled nursing facilities (SNF) receiving methadone maintenance is likely to increase as the drug abusing population ages. Currently, facilities specializing in the care of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diseases are predominantly affected, but over the next decade this will change. Residents on methadone have unique needs based on their drug history and current treatment demands and will present new challenges for the affected institutions. There are no current publications or data in the literature exploring the use of methadone for the aging nursing home patient. Further investigation is necessary so that these residents are appropriately cared for. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) methadone (drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy) enalapril (drug therapy) multivitamin salbutamol (drug therapy, inhalational drug administration) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence (drug therapy) geriatric care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged anamnesis article case report chronic obstructive lung disease (drug therapy) clinical feature comorbidity drug abuse futurology health care quality hip fracture (rehabilitation) human hypertension (drug therapy) ischemic heart disease (drug therapy) maintenance drug dose male medical documentation medical research methadone treatment nursing home osteoarthritis (drug therapy) patient education smoking cessation smoking habit social isolation DRUG TRADE NAMES aspirin CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) enalapril (75847-73-3) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) salbutamol (18559-94-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003120434 MEDLINE PMID 12807582 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12807582) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 757 TITLE Nursing research and alcohol problems: learning from recent history? AUTHOR NAMES Dongier M. Brown T.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dongier M.; Brown T.G.) McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Dongier, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Email: donmau@douglas.mcgill.ca SOURCE The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmières (2003) 35:1 (13-22). Date of Publication: Mar 2003 ISSN 0844-5621 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS drugs used in the treatment of addiction (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (etiology, prevention) nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS disease course genetic predisposition genetics human motivation needs assessment nurse attitude patient care psychological aspect psychotherapy remission review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12854238 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12854238) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 758 TITLE Delirium AUTHOR NAMES Gleason O.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gleason O.C., ondria-gleason@ouhsc.edu) Univ. of Oklahoma Coll. of Medicine, Tulsa, OK, United States. (Gleason O.C., ondria-gleason@ouhsc.edu) Saint Francis Hospital, Tulsa, OK, United States. (Gleason O.C., ondria-gleason@ouhsc.edu) Univ. of Oklahoma Coll. of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4502 E. 41st St., Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O.C. Gleason, Univ. of Oklahoma Coll. of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 4502 E. 41st St., Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. Email: ondria-gleason@ouhsc.edu SOURCE American Family Physician (2003) 67:5 (1027-1034). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2003 ISSN 0002-838X BOOK PUBLISHER American Academy of Family Physicians, 11400 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 440, Leawood, United States. ABSTRACT Delirium is characterized by an acute change in cognition and a disturbance of consciousness, usually resulting from an underlying medical condition or from medication or drug withdrawal. Delirium affects 10 to 30 percent of hospitalized patients with medical illness; more than 50 percent of persons in certain high-risk populations are affected. The associated morbidity and mortality make diagnosis of this condition extremely important. Patients with delirium can present with agitation, somnolence, withdrawal, and psychosis. This variation in presentation can lead to diagnostic confusion and, in some cases, incorrect attribution of symptoms to a primary psychiatric disorder. To make the distinction, it is important to obtain the history of the onset and course of the condition from family members or caregivers. Primary care physicians must be able to recognize delirium so that the underlying etiology can be ascertained and addressed. The management of delirium involves identifying and correcting the underlying problem, and symptomatically managing any behavioral or psychiatric symptoms. Low doses of antipsychotic drugs can help to control agitation. The use of benzodiazepines should be avoided except in cases of alcohol or sedative-hypnotic withdrawal. Environmental interventions, including frequent reorientation of patients by nursing staff and education of patients and families, should be employed in all cases. Copyright© 2003 American Academy of Family Physicians. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine (drug therapy) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug dose, drug therapy, intramuscular drug administration, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) neuroleptic agent (drug dose, drug therapy) olanzapine (drug therapy) risperidone (drug therapy) sedative agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) delirium (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS agitation alcohol withdrawal (drug therapy) amnesia (complication) apathy attention behavior disorder (complication) clinical feature cognitive defect (complication) consciousness disorder dementia (diagnosis) depression (diagnosis) diagnostic test differential diagnosis disease classification disease course disorientation (complication) drug withdrawal extrapyramidal symptom (side effect) high risk population human mental disease (complication, drug therapy) mental instability (complication) Mini Mental State Examination neurologic disease (complication) nursing staff palliative therapy patient education perception disorder (complication) psychosis (drug therapy) psychosocial withdrawal review risk factor sleep disorder (complication) somnolence withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, etiology) DRUG TRADE NAMES haldol risperdal zyprexa CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) haloperidol (52-86-8) olanzapine (132539-06-1) risperidone (106266-06-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003109049 MEDLINE PMID 12643363 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12643363) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 759 TITLE Student nurses' attitudes to pain relieving drugs. AUTHOR NAMES Allcock N. Toft C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Allcock N.; Toft C.) School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Room B50, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Allcock, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Room B50, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, UK. Email: nick.allcock@nottingham.ac.uk SOURCE International journal of nursing studies (2003) 40:2 (125-131). Date of Publication: Feb 2003 ISSN 0020-7489 ABSTRACT This paper reports the results of a longitudinal survey of 217 student nurses undertaken during their common foundation programme (CFP), which comprises the first 18 months of the course. The study explored changes during the CFP in students' perceptions of the risk of addiction and their attitudes towards analgesics. The results revealed that although the students had a more accurate view of the risk of addiction by the end of the CFP there was still an exaggerated fear of the risk of addiction in over half the students. Follow-up interviews with 14 students also indicated that students displayed a more general wariness in relation to the use of analgesics. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article longitudinal study psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12559136 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12559136) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 760 TITLE UCSF's new Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education finds valuable lessons in the tobacco industry's internal documents AUTHOR NAMES Malone R.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Malone R.E., rmalone@itsa.ucsf.edu) Institute for Health Policy Studies, Dept. of Social/Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Box 1390, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.E. Malone, Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, Dept. of Social/Behavioral Sciences, Box 1390, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States. Email: rmalone@itsa.ucsf.edu SOURCE Journal of Emergency Nursing (2003) 29:1 (75-77). Date of Publication: February 2003 ISSN 0099-1767 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) documentation health education medical research tobacco dependence (prevention) tobacco industry university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article emergency ward health care cost health care organization health care policy health program human human rights information center intensive care law suit legal aspect lung cancer nurse nurse attitude organization organization and management patient care public health safety smoking smoking (adverse drug reaction, epidemiology, prevention) smoking cessation United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12556840 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12556840) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/men.2003.15 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 761 TITLE Substance abuse integration in nursing education: An innovative collaborative model AUTHOR NAMES Hayes P.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hayes P.D., phayes@wfubmc.edu) Interdisc. and Nursing Education, Northwest Area Hlth. Educ. Center, Wake Forest Univ. School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1060, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.D. Hayes, Interdisc. and Nursing Education, Northwest Area Hlth. Educ. Center, Wake Forest Univ. School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1060, United States. Email: phayes@wfubmc.edu SOURCE Substance Abuse (2002) 23:1 (67-79). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0889-7077 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT This paper reports the outcomes of a 3-year faculty development project, the Nursing School Education Collaborative (NSEC), implemented in four baccalaureate schools of nursing. The focus of the NSEC was to strengthen educational programs through faculty development and curriculum integration in the area of substance abuse and addictions education. A comprehensive needs assessment process is outlined, and faculty development and curriculum integration activities are detailed. Faculty development has resulted in significant improvements in each school's substance abuse curriculum. Outcomes at each participating school have included continuing education activities, acquisition of additional teaching resources, the development of an integration model, and increased curriculum and clinical contact hours. With the increasing recognition of substance abuse as a number one public health problem and nursing as a major health workforce, this project serves as a model for replication. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical education continuing education curriculum education program health services research human normal human nurse training outcomes research teacher teaching EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003364411 MEDLINE PMID 12444361 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12444361) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013634811426 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 762 TITLE Nurses' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding substance use: A questionnaire survey AUTHOR NAMES Happell B. Carta B. Pinikahana J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Happell B.; Pinikahana J.) Ctr. Psychiat. Nursing Res./Practice, School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Vic., Australia. (Carta B.) SUMITT, Western Drug and Alcohol Service, Footscray, Vic., Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Pinikahana, Ctr. Psychiat. Nursing Res./Practice, School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, 1/723 Swanston St., Carlton, Vic. 3010, Australia. SOURCE Nursing and Health Sciences (2002) 4:4 (193-200). Date of Publication: December 2002 ISSN 1441-0745 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia. ABSTRACT A questionnaire on nurses' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practises regarding substance use was distributed to 302 nurses in Victoria. One hundred and thirty-four returned the questionnaire, giving an overall response rate of 44.3%. The survey results showed that although knowledge and skill gaps exist in assessment and management of alcohol and drug problems, overall knowledge levels were adequate. Although positive attitudes towards substance use were expressed, specific educational programs to enhance nurses' skills in assessment and management of substance-related disorders may be beneficial. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amphetamine cannabis cocaine diamorphine psychedelic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcoholism Australia clinical practice comorbidity controlled study drug abuse education program female health care planning human male medical assessment mental disease nurse training priority journal quality of life questionnaire review self care skill social interaction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002457922 MEDLINE PMID 12406206 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12406206) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-2018.2002.00126.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 763 TITLE Girls in the juvenile justice system: leave no girl's health un-addressed. AUTHOR NAMES Guthrie B.J. Hoey E. Ravoira L. Kintner E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Guthrie B.J.; Hoey E.; Ravoira L.; Kintner E.) University of Michigan, School of Nursing/Women's Studies, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.J. Guthrie, University of Michigan, School of Nursing/Women's Studies, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, USA. Email: bguthrie@umich.edu SOURCE Journal of pediatric nursing (2002) 17:6 (414-423). Date of Publication: Dec 2002 ISSN 0882-5963 ABSTRACT Despite an increase in middle to older aged adolescent females' early contact with the juvenile justice system, inadequate health care remains a concern. This descriptive study surveyed the physical and mental health needs of 130 self-selected, nonrandomized girls aged 12 to 18 years, with a mean age of 15.42 years (SD, 1.24), who were involved with a juvenile justice diversional program located in a southeastern region of the United States. Findings revealed early initiation of sexual-related activities (mean age, 13.9 years; SD, 1.49) and substance use (mean age, 12.9 years; SD, 1.53). The data suggest an increasing need for pediatric nurses, and in particular advanced practice nurses, to provide gender-responsive health care and health promotion services to early middle-childhood females in the juvenile justice system. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) health promotion juvenile delinquency (prevention) needs assessment pediatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention) article child child behavior child welfare comparative study cross-sectional study epidemiology female human nurse attitude organization and management preventive health service sexual behavior standard statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12518282 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12518282) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 764 TITLE Attitudinal barriers to effective treatment of persistent pain in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Weiner D.K. Rudy T.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weiner D.K., dweiner@pitt.edu) Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Weiner D.K., dweiner@pitt.edu; Rudy T.E.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Weiner D.K., dweiner@pitt.edu; Rudy T.E.) Pain Eval. and Treatment Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Rudy T.E.) Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Weiner D.K., dweiner@pitt.edu; Rudy T.E.) Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Weiner D.K., dweiner@pitt.edu) UPMC Pain Medicine at Centre Commons, 5750 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.K. Weiner, UPMC Pain Medicine at Centre Commons, 5750 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States. Email: dweiner@pitt.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2002) 50:12 (2035-2040). Date of Publication: 1 Dec 2002 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To systematically explore nursing home (NH) resident and staff attitudes that serve as barriers to detection and management of persistent pain. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Six community-based and one Veterans Affairs long-term care facility PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five NH nurses, 75 certified nursing assistants (CNAs), and 75 communicative NH residents who reported some pain or discomfort "every day or almost every day." MEASUREMENTS: Three structured pain attitudes questionnaires (one each for NH residents, CNAs, and nurses) that incorporated constructs gleaned from a comprehensive literature review were designed. One-week test-retest reliability was calculated on a subsample of 25 residents, 19 CNAs, and 26 nurses. Attitudinal differences between the three groups were evaluated using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS: Of 12 constructs evaluated, 10 had fair to excellent reliability indices (residents 0.46-0.80; CNAs 0.57-0.76; nurses 0.62-0.94). Of these 10 reliable constructs, MANOVA indicated significant overall attitude differences between the three groups. Follow-up analyses indicated that attitudes endorsed most strongly by residents were that chronic pain does not change, belief in external pathology over pain reports, fear of addiction, and fear of dependence. CNAs attitudes endorsed most strongly were lack of time and complaints unheard. The nurse attitude endorsed most strongly was complaints unheard. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, if residents' fears regarding addiction, worsening dependence, and the immutable nature of persistent pain were quelled, and if CNAs could feel that adequate time is available for pain assessment, perhaps improved pain management in the NH would result. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain (disease management, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged analgesia article drug dependence (side effect) female follow up health care personnel human major clinical study male multivariate analysis nurse nursing home pain assessment patient attitude quality of life questionnaire reliability EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002455878 MEDLINE PMID 12473018 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12473018) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50618.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 765 TITLE The development and implementation of an alcohol policy in a nursing home: Overcoming denial AUTHOR NAMES Schwartz K.M. Lasky N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schwartz K.M.) Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, North York, Ont., Canada. (Schwartz K.M.) University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, North York, Ont., Canada. (Schwartz K.M.) Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst Street, North York, Ont. 6A 2E1, Canada. (Lasky N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.M. Schwartz, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst Street, North York, Ont. 6A 2E1, Canada. SOURCE Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2002) 35:2 (151-167). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0022-1414 ABSTRACT Nursing homes are an important component in the delivery of health care for the elderly. Potentially, nursing homes are well-positioned to effectively intervene in the medical and psychosocial problems of the population they are serving. However, society traditionally has placed little emphasis on the aged and their medical care. The importance of alcoholism as a mental health problem in the elderly has not been adequately recognized (Hirata, Almeida, Funari, and Klein, 2001). The misuse of alcohol remains a common and frequently neglected problem among nursing home residents (Joseph, 1995). With an aging population, the number of problem drinkers in nursing homes can be expected to increase. There is little information in the psychiatric literature at the time of writing that advises nursing homes on how to proceed with drafting an effective alcohol policy. In this paper, we describe the development and implementation of an alcohol policy by a nursing home once the organization acknowledged that the problems that some of its residents had with alcohol had become too great to ignore and deny. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) denial health care policy nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aging case report drug dependence treatment female human male mental health care model review screening social problem EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003117027 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 766 TITLE An education programme for professionals who specialize in substance misuse in St. Petersburg, Russia: Part 2 AUTHOR NAMES Green A.J. Holloway G. D.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Green A.J., a.green@surrey.ac.uk) European Inst. of Hlth./Med. Sci., University of Surrey, Duke of Kent Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5TE, United Kingdom. (Holloway G. D.G.) School of Education/Continuing Stud., University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.J. Green, European Inst. of Hlth./Med. Sci., University of Surrey, Duke of Kent Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5TE, United Kingdom. Email: a.green@surrey.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2002) 22:8 (648-653). Date of Publication: November 2002 ISSN 0260-6917 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT This paper extends the account of a joint project of education and training of doctors and nurses in St. Petersburg, Russia funded by the Know How Fund Health Sector Small Partnership Scheme (Russia) (Green et al. 2001). It reports the findings of two evaluations of the project. The first, an external evaluation was carried on behalf of the sponsors, the KHF. The second was an 'insider' evaluation utilising a framework developed for the English National Board by Cranfield and Stoneman. The paper concludes with a discussion of issues arising from the cross-cultural evaluations. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) international cooperation medical education nursing education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (rehabilitation) article clinical practice comparative study continuing education cultural factor education program financial management health care organization health care quality health care system health practitioner human medical specialist methodology nurse attitude nursing nursing staff patient care physician physician attitude politics risk management Russian Federation self examination socioeconomics staff training teaching thinking United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 12443701 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12443701) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0260-6917(02)00103-X COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 767 TITLE The genetics of substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Hardie T.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hardie T.L.) Department of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.L. Hardie, Department of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA. Email: Thardie@udel.edu SOURCE AACN clinical issues (2002) 13:4 (511-522). Date of Publication: Nov 2002 ISSN 1079-0713 ABSTRACT Substance abuse is among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in males and contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality nurses see in practice. Substance use and abuse disorders were the cause of a half million drug-related visits to emergency rooms in 1995, with more than 50% related to drug overdoses. Substance abuse and dependency result from a complex interaction of genetics and the environment. Various polymorphisms of genes have been demonstrated to have either protective effects or increased risk associated with their presence. Substance abuse is a chronic disease state that has effective treatments that reduce drug use, crime, and psychosocial problems. Nurses can provide targeted education and interventions to positively impact substance abuse treatment and by applying basic principles of genetic counseling may prevent transmission to future generations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) alcoholism (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS counseling female genetics human male nursing prevalence review risk factor United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12473914 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12473914) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 768 TITLE Tobacco use and baccalaureate nursing students: a study of their attitudes, beliefs and personal behaviours. AUTHOR NAMES Chalmers K. Seguire M. Brown J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chalmers K.; Seguire M.; Brown J.) Faculty of Nursing, Helen Glass Centre for Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Chalmers, Faculty of Nursing, Helen Glass Centre for Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. Email: karen_chalmers@umanitoba.ca SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (2002) 40:1 (17-24). Date of Publication: Oct 2002 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT AIM: To report findings about student nurses' attitudes, beliefs and personal behaviour in relation to tobacco issues. RATIONALE: Nurses have the potential to influence clients' behaviours and public policy concerning tobacco use. However, a review of the literature suggests that this is not happening. Further understanding of nursing students' attitudes, beliefs and behaviours regarding tobacco use is needed in order to develop strategies which can positively impact on their future health promotion role. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of the total population of baccalaureate nursing students in one Canadian province was employed. Students were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire, which included questions related to their smoking history; stage of behavioural change, and beliefs and attitudes towards tobacco. Students also completed the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) and the Fagerström Nicotine Tolerance Scale. FINDINGS: Two hundred and seventy-two students (61.9%) responded. Sixty (22.1%) indicated that they smoked daily or in social situations. These smokers were found to have a fairly low level of nicotine dependence and although 91.4% said they wanted to quit, few were actively engaged in the quitting process (16.9%). When comparing the beliefs and attitudes of smoking and non-smoking students, proportionally more of the non-smokers agreed that smokers will need close family/friends to help them quit; that the health of society should be protected by laws against smoking; and that nurses should set a non-smoking example. Non-smokers indicated more health promoting behaviours on items in the HPLP especially on the variables of physical activity, nutrition and stress management. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses have the potential to influence clients' behaviours and public policy concerning tobacco use. Developing future nurses with the knowledge and skill to do so needs to be an important emphasis of nursing curricula. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health health behavior health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student smoking (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article Canada (epidemiology) cross-sectional study female health promotion human lifestyle male needs assessment psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12230524 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12230524) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 769 TITLE Health outcomes of incarcerated pregnant women and their infants in a community-based program AUTHOR NAMES Barkauskas V.H. Low L.K. Pimlott S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Barkauskas V.H.; Low L.K.; Pimlott S.) 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.H. Barkauskas, 400 North Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2002) 47:5 (371-379). Date of Publication: 10 Sep 2002 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT An experimental, community-based, residential program, focused on health promotion, was established in 1990 for incarcerated pregnant women with short-term sentences and histories of drug abuse in a large, midwestern metropolitan area in the United States. Infants resided with mothers after birth. Prenatal care, delivery, postpartum, and family-planning services were initiated and provided by a nurse-midwifery service. Community-based health care, job training, and drug rehabilitation were provided for women during pregnancy through the fourth postpartum month. Program participants' prenatal, delivery, postpartum, and neonatal health outcomes are presented and compared with those of incarcerated women in the same state prison system who experienced usual correctional facility care and support. Program participants represented a group of obstetrically high-risk women. Health outcomes for both groups of incarcerated women and their infants were similar and more optimal than would have been expected given their preexisting health conditions and risk factors. © 2002 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child care pregnancy pregnancy complication (prevention) prisoner residential care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (rehabilitation) adult anamnesis article child health childbirth community comparative study controlled study delivery drug abuse experience family planning female health care facility health care quality health center health program health promotion health service health status high risk patient human infant infant welfare major clinical study methodology midwife mother newborn organization and management outcomes research postnatal care prenatal care psychological aspect puerperium rehabilitation risk assessment risk factor rural area time treatment outcome United States vocational education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 12361349 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12361349) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1526-9523(02)00279-9 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 770 TITLE Nursing education in the prevention and treatment of SUD. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) Division of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, Division of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA. SOURCE Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2002) 23:3 Suppl (247-261). Date of Publication: Sep 2002 ISSN 0889-7077 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention, rehabilitation) alcoholism (prevention, rehabilitation) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical competence curriculum forecasting human model nurse attitude nursing review standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23580999 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580999) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 771 TITLE Increasing practice nurse access to alcohol training AUTHOR NAMES Deehan A. McCambridge J. Ball D.M. Strang J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Deehan A.; McCambridge J.; Ball D.M.; Strang J.) Home Office, 823 Abell House, John Islip Street, London SW1P 4LM, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Deehan, Home Office, 823 Abell House, John Islip Street, London SW1P 4LM, United Kingdom. SOURCE Drug and Alcohol Review (2002) 21:3 (281-286). Date of Publication: September 2002 ISSN 0959-5236 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge ABSTRACT Policy makers have repeatedly placed emphasis on the role of primary care in screening for at-risk alcohol consumption and delivering public health messages to the general population. Research has pointed to primary care staff holding negative attitudes towards alcohol misusing patients. Training has traditionally been seen as the key to increasing the capacity of the medical field to engage with alcohol misusing patients but little work has been undertaken to examine the potential barriers to training take up. Consequently, the aim of this study was to explore the willingness of practice nurses to be trained in alcohol screening and brief intervention, and whether identifiable barriers to training exist and how they may be overcome. All practice nurses (n = 82) in an outer London (UK) Health Authority Area were twice mailed an invitation to an alcohol training seminar and a telephone invitation was made to all of those who did not reply to the mailings. Those who did not attend (n = 66) were contacted to take part in a short structured telephone interview - 89% (59/66) were contacted successfully and interviewed. Respondents were experienced in primary care and viewed health promotional activity as a valid part of their role. Few had undertaken previous alcohol training and as a group they were highly active in attending training events with training undertaken tending to be related directly to perceived practice needs and priorities: thus this group could not be characterized as unwilling to be trained. Barriers to training at alcohol events were found to be either personal or work-related, with most nurses interested in receiving further training or information. These data imply that the ways in which training is organized and delivered require sensitivity to identifiable barriers if it is to reach and effect changing practice among practice nurses successfully. A range of possibilities are identified as alternative approaches to the provision of elective training events which may be more acceptable to the target population of health-care staff. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) nurse attitude nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human methodology middle aged nursing psychological aspect United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 12270080 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12270080) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0959523021000002750 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 772 TITLE Patient-controlled analgesia: what information does the patient want? AUTHOR NAMES Chumbley G.M. Hall G.M. Salmon P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chumbley G.M.; Hall G.M.; Salmon P.) Pain Relief Unit, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.M. Chumbley, Pain Relief Unit, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK. Email: gillian.chumbley@talk21.com SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (2002) 39:5 (459-471). Date of Publication: Sep 2002 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT AIMS OF THE STUDY: To formulate and evaluate an information leaflet for patients using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), incorporating information thought to be important by patients. RATIONALE: The benefit of current information leaflets, written by professionals, has not been studied and their value to patients is unknown. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that information leaflets were poorly designed and written in language too difficult for patients to understand. RESEARCH METHODS: Seven focus groups were conducted to establish what information patients wanted to know about PCA. This information was incorporated into a new information leaflet. One hundred patients were randomized to receive either the new leaflet or the old leaflet in current use. A questionnaire was used to establish whether the new leaflet was more clear and informative than the old one. RESULTS: Patients wanted to know that the drug used in PCA was morphine. They wanted more information about side-effects, needed to be reassured that it was safe, and that they could not overdose or become addicted. They wanted detailed instructions and diagrams about the technique. The questionnaire study established that the new leaflet was clearer and more informative. CONCLUSION: Patients' contribution led to major change, producing a leaflet which was clearer, more attractive, more informative and which proved more satisfactory to patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) morphine (drug therapy) narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) patient controlled analgesia patient education postoperative pain (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female human male methodology middle aged nursing methodology research publication CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12175355 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12175355) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 773 TITLE Attitudes toward sexuality among nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Aizenberg D. Weizman A. Barak Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Aizenberg D., gandelf@inter.net.il; Weizman A.; Barak Y.) Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. (Aizenberg D., gandelf@inter.net.il; Weizman A.) Geha Psychiatric Hospital, Petah-Tiqva, Israel. (Barak Y.) Abarbanel Mental Health Center, Bat-Yam, Israel. (Aizenberg D., gandelf@inter.net.il) Psychogeriatric Ward, Geha Mental Health Center, P O Box 102, Petah-Tikva, 49100, Israel. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Aizenberg, Psychogeriatric Ward, Geha Mental Health Center, P O Box 102, Petah-Tikva, 49100, Israel. Email: gandelf@inter.net.il SOURCE Sexuality and Disability (2002) 20:3 (185-189). Date of Publication: Sep 2002 ISSN 0146-1044 ABSTRACT There is a paucity of data regarding sexuality among nursing home residents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sexual attitudes in a group of independent residents in a large urban nursing home. Ten items covering different aspects of sexual attitude were scored by two board certified psychiatrists following a semistructured interview. The study was undertaken at a large 1,200-bed nursing home providing services to both healthy independent elderly as well as geriatric patients. Subjects were 31 volunteers: 15 men and 16 women (mean age: 82.4 and 74.1 years, respectively), who consented to participate. Participants were cognitively intact and living independently at the nursing home. Exclusion criteria were: a) current major psychiatric morbidity, b) drug or alcohol abuse, c) Geriatric Depression Scale (short version) score ≥5, and d) Clinical Dementia Rating >0. A hierarchy of basic functions was constructed wherein each function was graded on a 5-point Likert-like scale reflecting its endorsed importance. The majority (23/31) felt that sexuality should be openly discussed with the elderly by health professionals. Twenty-one of 31 expressed willingness to receive medical consultation and treatment for sexual dysfunction as needed and 20/31 expressed a similar attitude if their partner so needed. The hierarchy of needs was rated by the participants (men and women, respectively) as follows: Mood (4.4; 4.3), Memory (4.2; 4.2), Sleep (3.8; 3.9), Sex (3.5; 2.8), and Appetite (2.8; 2.6). Sex is graded as "moderately important" among nursing home residents, more so in males. The majority of residents expressed positive attitudes towards open discussion of sexual matters and willingness to accept therapeutic interventions when needed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude sexuality EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcohol abuse appetite article clinical article dementia drug abuse elderly care female Geriatric Depression Scale health practitioner human interview Likert like scale male memory mood nursing home rating scale sexual behavior sexual dysfunction sleep EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2004152890 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021445832294 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 774 TITLE Substance abuse education for nurse practitioners in primary care. AUTHOR NAMES Vasquez E. Onieal M.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vasquez E.) Department of Child, Women's, and Family Health, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. (Onieal M.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Vasquez, Department of Child, Women's, and Family Health, School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. SOURCE Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2002) 23:3 Suppl (235-246). Date of Publication: Sep 2002 ISSN 0889-7077 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, rehabilitation) advanced practice nursing alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation) nurse practitioner primary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical competence cooperation curriculum education family nursing holistic nursing human interdisciplinary communication multimodality cancer therapy nurse patient relationship nursing nursing education psychological aspect review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 23580998 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580998) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 775 TITLE Nursing care of adolescents who have been sexually assaulted. AUTHOR NAMES Pharris M.D. Nafstad S.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pharris M.D.; Nafstad S.S.) Nursing Department, F-22, College of St. Catherine, 2004 Randolph Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Pharris, Nursing Department, F-22, College of St. Catherine, 2004 Randolph Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105, USA. Email: mdpharris@stkate.edu SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (2002) 37:3 (475-497). Date of Publication: Sep 2002 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Healing responses for adolescents who have been sexually assaulted involve nursing care centered on establishing safety, helping adolescents reconstruct the story of the assault, and restoring connection with the community and themselves [42]. Nurses partner with parents, school personnel, and other meaningful people in the lives of adolescents who have been sexually assaulted to create a physically and emotionally safe environment for the adolescent in the days, weeks, and months after an assault. Recovery involves being able to tell the story over and over again in a safe environment until it is clear that the assailant holds the blame for the assault, which was not sex but rather a crime of domination, and that the adolescent did what she or he needed to do to survive. In discerning ways to cope with the trauma of the assault, strengths are identified, appreciated, and nurtured. Nursing advocacy involves educating the adolescent and those around her or him on common reactions to sexual assault and what is needed in the recovery process. Nurses advocate for accommodations so that healing can occur and so that the well-being of the adolescent is not sacrificed for the prosecution of the offender. The major emphasis of nursing care is weaving together an understanding and caring community to surround the adolescent with nurturance and love. It is in the context of meaningful relationships that healing is maximized. Crisis brings with it the opportunity for immense growth. A caring nursing relationship creates the space in which adolescents can discover sources of spiritual and emotional strength that they can draw upon throughout their lives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior nursing care rape (rehabilitation) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent article child parent relation female human male nursing assessment posttraumatic stress disorder (etiology, prevention) psychological aspect sexually transmitted disease (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12449007 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12449007) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 776 TITLE Smoking among female college students: a time for change. AUTHOR NAMES Gaffney K.F. Wichaikhum O.A. Dawson E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gaffney K.F.; Wichaikhum O.A.; Dawson E.M.) College of Nursing and Health Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.F. Gaffney, College of Nursing and Health Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030-4444, USA. Email: kgaffney@gmu.edu SOURCE Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG (2002) 31:5 (502-507). Date of Publication: 2002 Sep-Oct ISSN 0884-2175 ABSTRACT The transition from high school to college begins a time of personal growth accompanied by normal developmental stressors. Some young women use smoking as a coping mechanism. The immediate danger for these students is nicotine dependence, with subsequent maternal and child morbidities. College provides an optimal time to break this devastating trajectory. With an understanding of psychosocial development, nurses who care for college-age women can effect changes in smoking behavior. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) female nurse attitude smoking (epidemiology, prevention) student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adolescent adult attitude to health health service human human development maternal care mental stress (complication, prevention) methodology organization and management peer group psychological aspect review smoking cessation statistics United States (epidemiology) women's health LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12353727 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12353727) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 777 TITLE One last pleasure? Alcohol use among elderly people in nursing homes. AUTHOR NAMES Klein W.C. Jess C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Klein W.C.; Jess C.) School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, West Hartford 06117-2698, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.C. Klein, School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, West Hartford 06117-2698, USA. Email: wklein@uconnvm.uconn.edu SOURCE Health & social work (2002) 27:3 (193-203). Date of Publication: Aug 2002 ISSN 0360-7283 ABSTRACT The study discussed in this article describes the alcohol-related policies, practices, and problems experienced by a sample of 111 intermediate care facilities and homes for elderly people. Data were collected using a semi-structured telephone interview and indicate that alcohol use and associated problems among nursing home residents are common. Despite the problems reported, screening for alcohol problems among residents, treatment of identified problems, and training of staff were not found to be widespread. Ambiguity about the role of alcohol as a social beverage or as a psychoactive substance to be managed was identified. Challenges to social workers and social work education are identified. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) hospital patient nursing home policy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article comparative study education female geriatric assessment health care personnel health personnel attitude human in service training interview male organization and management psychological aspect social work statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12230044 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12230044) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 778 TITLE Women with HIV infection: A model of university-based care, training and research AUTHOR NAMES Mundy L.M. Kalluri P. Meredith K. Marshall L. Fraser V.J. Thompson P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mundy L.M.; Kalluri P.; Meredith K.; Marshall L.; Fraser V.J.; Thompson P.) Washington Univ. School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Campus Box 8051, 660 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Mundy, Washington Univ. School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Campus Box 8051, 660 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States. Email: lmundy@imgate.wustl.edu SOURCE AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV (2002) 14:SUPPL. 1 (S95-S107). Date of Publication: August 2002 ISSN 0954-0121 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The growth of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV) infection among women in the USA has been coincident with an international momentum to better address the specific health care needs of women. This paper provides an overview of a demonstration model for comprehensive HIV care of adolescent and adult women in an academic setting. The paper contains a descriptive summary of a university-based demonstration model of comprehensive care for women with HIV infection. During 1997-1998, there were 279 urban and rural Midwest adolescent and adult women with HIV infection in care at this model programme. Medical care encompassed subspecialty HIV care, obstetrical and gynaecological care, primary care of non-HIV comorbidities, mental health assessments and family planning in a safe, university-based environment. For 279 women during the two-year period, health services included the detection and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (56%) and cervical dysplasia (35%), perinatal care (12%) and screening and referral for substance abuse treatment (30%). There was no mother-to-child HIV transmission among 33 pregnant women enrolled in the Center prior to delivery, and transmission by three of nine women enrolled after delivery. Only I67 (60%) women were compliant with biannual medical visits during 1997-1998. Integral to the health services delivery was the provision of ancillary support services intended to enhance optimal medical care for this cohort of women. This university-based model of care also incorporated HIV provider training and formative HIV research. Structured medical and public health experiential learning opportunities occurred for medical and social work students, medicine residents, infectious diseases fellows, nurses and other professional health care workers. Clinical investigations of adolescent and adult women have complemented care and training, with funded research in HIV medication adherence and health services research. In follow-up, 71% of these women remained active in care in 1999. Retention of vulnerable populations in care may be a big challenge over the next decade, despite the availability of potent antiretroviral therapies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Human immunodeficiency virus infection EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article female health care delivery health care need health program health service human major clinical study medical care medical research patient care priority journal screening United States university vertical transmission EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002296422 MEDLINE PMID 12204144 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12204144) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 779 TITLE Tobacco dependence curricula in acute care nurse practitioner education. AUTHOR NAMES Robinette A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Robinette A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Robinette, SOURCE American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (2002) 11:4 (316; author reply 401). Date of Publication: Jul 2002 ISSN 1062-3264 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nurse practitioner smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human methodology note nursing nursing education practice guideline United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12102430 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12102430) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 780 TITLE Tobacco dependence curricula in acute care nurse practitioner education. AUTHOR NAMES Wheeler E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wheeler E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Wheeler, SOURCE American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (2002) 11:4 (316-317; author reply 401). Date of Publication: Jul 2002 ISSN 1062-3264 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nurse practitioner smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human methodology note nursing nursing education practice guideline United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12102429 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12102429) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 781 TITLE Tobacco dependence curricula in acute care nurse practitioner education. AUTHOR NAMES Parker J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Parker J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Parker, SOURCE American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (2002) 11:4 (317, 401; author reply 401). Date of Publication: Jul 2002 ISSN 1062-3264 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nurse practitioner smoking cessation tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human methodology note nursing nursing education practice guideline United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12102431 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12102431) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 782 TITLE Missed opportunities in the field: caring for clients with co-morbidity problems. AUTHOR NAMES de Crespigny C. Emden C. Drage B. Hobby C. Smith S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (de Crespigny C.; Emden C.; Drage B.; Hobby C.; Smith S.) School of Nursing & Midwifery, The Flinders University of South Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. de Crespigny, School of Nursing & Midwifery, The Flinders University of South Australia. Email: charlotte.decresoigny@flinders.edu.au SOURCE Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia) (2002) 9:3 (29-34). Date of Publication: Jul 2002 ISSN 1322-7696 ABSTRACT This discussion paper presents key issues associated with caring for people with concurrent alcohol or drug and mental health problems. By way of anecdotal stories and personal experiences, it draws attention to 'missed opportunities' for effective care of clients within a general hospital and community mental health service. As educators, inicians and students, we are concerned our own attempts to improve the care of these clients may have been less than successful due to various factors, and believe such information is important to share with the wider nursing profession. We hope the paper will stimulate interest amongst general, mental health and drug and alcohol nurses, and researchers and educators to better address the issue of alcohol, drug and mental health co-morbidity in our community. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) mental disease (complication, diagnosis) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health family female health personnel attitude human male mental health service methodology needs assessment nursing psychiatric nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12529084 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12529084) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 783 TITLE Integrating health promotion into nursing curricula in Hong Kong AUTHOR NAMES Tarrant M. Chan S.S.-C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tarrant M.; Chan S.S.-C.) Department of Nursing Studies, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Tarrant, Department of Nursing Studies, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Email: tarrantm@hkucc.hku.hk SOURCE Journal of Community Health Nursing (2002) 19:2 (93-103). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0737-0016 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT The health care system in Hong Kong has historically been steeped in the biomedical paradigm. Health care reform, however, is finally putting health promotion on the agenda of governments and health care providers. As the largest group of providers in Hong Kong, nurses must assume a leadership role in the transition of the current illness-focused system to one that emphasizes health and promotes wellness. For nurses to take up the challenge of health promotion, they need to acquire the requisite knowledge and skills. Nursing curricula must emphasize this new paradigm and provide opportunities for students to develop expertise in health promotion and disease prevention. This article describes a health-promotion initiative carried out by 1st-year students in an undergraduate nursing program in Hong Kong. The health-promotion project aims to prepare graduates who will be able to meet health care needs and function effectively in the future health care system. Not only will these nurses be capable of becoming future leaders of the health-promotion movement in Hong Kong, they are also contributing to the health and wellness of Hong Kong citizens. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cumulative trauma disorder (epidemiology, prevention) curriculum education program Hong Kong low back pain (epidemiology, prevention) obesity paramedical education pregnancy sexually transmitted disease (epidemiology, prevention) smoking smoking cessation sport injury (epidemiology, prevention) substance abuse suicide EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002202437 MEDLINE PMID 12073307 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12073307) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/15327650252988476 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 784 TITLE A possible trend suggesting increased abuse from Coricidin® exposures reported to the Texas poison network: Comparing 1998 to 1999 AUTHOR NAMES Baker S.D. Borys D.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baker S.D.; Borys D.J.) Central Texas Poison Center, Scott/White Clin. and Memorial Hosp., University Syst. Hlth. Sci. Center, 2401 S 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.D. Baker, Central Texas Poison Center, Scott/White Clin. and Memorial Hosp., University Syst. Hlth. Sci. Center, 2401 S 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508, United States. SOURCE Veterinary and Human Toxicology (2002) 44:3 (169-171). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0145-6296 BOOK PUBLISHER Comparative Toxicology Laboratories, Manhattan, United States. ABSTRACT Coricidin® products seemed to be one of the over-the-counter medications being reportedly abused by adolescents, as observed from the Texas Poison Center Network data. This retrospective chart review investigated the occurrence of abuse, developed a patient profile, and defined the clinical effects resulting from the abuse of Coricidin® products. Data collected from the Texas Poison Center Network Toxic Exposure Surveillance System-database included human exposures between 1998 and 1999, patients ≥ 10y old, intentional use or abuse, and single substance ingestion of 1 of the tablet formulations of Coricidin®. Thirty-three cases from 1998 and 59 cases from 1999 were reviewed. Of these cases, 85% met the inclusion criteria. Of the 7 medications searched, only 4 substances were coded for: Coricidin® D, Coricidin® D (long acting), Coricidin® D (cold, flu & sinus) and Coricidin® HBP. These contain a combination of dextromethorphan hydrobromide, chlorpheniramine maleate, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, and acetaminophen. Of the 78 cases, 63% were male and 38% were female. The mean age was 14.67years, 77% being between 13 to 17years old. Eighteen different symptoms were reported: tachycardia 50%, somnolence 24.4%, mydriasis and hypertension 16.7%, agitation 12.8%, disorientation 10.3%, slurred speech 9%, ataxia 6.4%, vomiting 5.1%, dry mouth and hallucinations 3.9%, tremor 2.6%, and headache, dizziness, syncope, seizure, chest pain, and nystagmus each 1.3%; 12.8% of the calls originated from the school nurse. The incidence of abuse reported increased 60% from 1998 to 1999. This worrisome trend suggests increased abuse of these products. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chlorpheniramine maleate (drug combination, drug toxicity) coricidin (drug combination, drug toxicity, pharmaceutics) dextromethorphan (drug combination, drug toxicity, pharmaceutics) paracetamol (drug combination, drug toxicity) phenylpropanolamine (drug combination, drug toxicity) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS coricidin d coricidin hbp non prescription drug phencyclidine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article clinical feature female health survey human major clinical study male poison center retrospective study United States DRUG TRADE NAMES coricidin d , United StatesSchering Plough coricidin hbp , United StatesSchering Plough coricidin , United StatesSchering Plough DRUG MANUFACTURERS (United States)Schering Plough CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS chlorpheniramine maleate (113-92-8) dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3) paracetamol (103-90-2) phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1) phenylpropanolamine (14838-15-4, 154-41-6, 4345-16-8, 48115-38-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Toxicology (52) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002189816 MEDLINE PMID 12046973 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12046973) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 785 TITLE Promoting smoking cessation in adults. AUTHOR NAMES Scheibmeir M.S. O'Connell K.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Scheibmeir M.S.; O'Connell K.A.) School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160-7502, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Scheibmeir, School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160-7502, USA. Email: mscheibm@kumc.edu SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (2002) 37:2 (331-340). Date of Publication: Jun 2002 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT There is a wealth of opportunities for nurses to facilitate smoking cessation with their patients. Nurses have shown to have a modest but positive effect on cessation rates when they deliver brief or intensive counseling. Because nurses work in a multitude of clinical settings, they can impact both prevention and treatment of nicotine addiction associated with cigarette use. More nurses need to be educated about their role in reducing the morbidity and mortality of tobacco-related diseases. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult human nurse practitioner nursing pathophysiology practice guideline psychological aspect psychological model reimbursement review smoking (epidemiology, prevention) tobacco dependence United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12389273 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12389273) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 786 TITLE Social norms marketing: a prevention strategy to decrease high-risk drinking among college students. AUTHOR NAMES Ott C.H. Haertlein C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ott C.H.; Haertlein C.) School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 1921 E. Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.H. Ott, School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 1921 E. Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. Email: carolott@uwm.edu SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (2002) 37:2 (351-364, ix). Date of Publication: Jun 2002 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT We describe a social-norms marketing approach to moderating college student drinking behaviors and correcting student misperceptions about campus drinking. The intervention has the potential to be applied to other health behaviors where misperceptions abound, such as those related to cigarette smoking, eating disorders, sexual health, and sexual assault. Even though nurses are actively working on alcohol and other drug (AOD) prevention efforts on college campuses, little data based research have been published. Collaborative efforts between faculty from different disciplines, including nursing and nurse health educators, can be an effective combination for preventing alcohol abuse and for initiating sound research-based campus prevention programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior (prevention) health service social control social marketing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (prevention) article health care planning human peer group United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12389275 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12389275) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 787 TITLE Identification of suicidal ideation and prevention of suicidal behaviour in the elderly AUTHOR NAMES Szanto K. Gildengers A. Mulsant B.H. Brown G. Alexopoulos G.S. Reynolds III C.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Szanto K., szantok@msx.upmc.edu; Gildengers A.; Mulsant B.H.; Reynolds III C.F.) Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. (Brown G.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Alexopoulos G.S.) Department of Psychiatry, Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry and Weill Medical College, Cornell University, White Plains, NY, United States. (Szanto K., szantok@msx.upmc.edu) Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Szanto, Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Inst. and Clinic, Univ. of Pittsburgh Sch. of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Email: szantok@msx.upmc.edu SOURCE Drugs and Aging (2002) 19:1 (11-24). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 1170-229X BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT In almost all industrialised countries, men aged 75 years and older have the highest suicide rate among all age groups. Although in younger age groups suicide attempts are often impulsive and communicative acts, suicide attempts in older people (defined as aged 65 years and older) are often long planned and involve high-lethality methods. These characteristics, in addition to the fact that elderly are more fragile and frequently live alone, more often lead to fatal outcome. In later life, in both sexes, the most common diagnosis in those who attempt or complete suicide is major depression. In contrast to other age groups, comorbidity with substance abuse and personality disorders is less frequent. Physical illness plays an important role in the suicidal behaviour of the elderly: most frequently, depression and illness co-occur; less often, the physical illness or the treating medications are causally related to the depressive symptoms. However, only 2 to 4% of terminally ill elderly commit suicide. In addition to physical illness, complicated or traumatic grief, anxiety, unremitting hopelessness after recovery from a depressive episode and history of previous suicide attempts are risk factors for suicide attempts and completed suicide. During a depressive episode, elderly patients with suicidal ideation have higher levels of anxiety and, during treatment, anxiety decreases the probability of remission and recovery. As well as overt suicide attempts, indirect self-destructive behaviours, which often lead to premature death, are common, especially in residents of nursing homes, where more immediate means to commit suicide are restricted. Although we do not have randomised trials of treatment, studies suggest that antidepressant treatment may decrease suicide risk. Prevention and treatment trials are underway to detect the effectiveness of improved treatment of depression by primary care physicians as a means of reducing the prevalence of depressive symptoms, hopelessness and suicidal ideation. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS lithium (drug therapy) nortriptyline (drug therapy) phenelzine (drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy) valproic acid (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, therapy) suicidal behavior (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, prevention, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS akathisia (side effect) alcohol abuse behavior therapy bereavement clinical examination cognitive therapy elderly care electroconvulsive therapy high risk patient human mood personality priority journal psychologic assessment review risk assessment risk factor risk management social isolation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS lithium (7439-93-2) nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3) phenelzine (156-51-4, 51-71-8) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002158024 MEDLINE PMID 11929324 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11929324) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 788 TITLE Impact of teaching interventions on nurse compliance with hand disinfection AUTHOR NAMES Colombo C. Giger H. Grote J. Deplazes C. Pletscher W. Lüthi R. Ruef C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Colombo C., infcco@usz.unizh.ch; Giger H.; Grote J.; Ruef C.) Div. of Infect. Dis. Hosp. Epidemiol, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. (Lüthi R.) Nursing Department, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. (Deplazes C.; Pletscher W.) Cantonal Pharmacy Canton of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Colombo, Div. of Infect. Dis. Hosp. Epidemiol, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. Email: infcco@usz.unizh.ch SOURCE Journal of Hospital Infection (2002) 51:1 (69-72). Date of Publication: May 2002 ISSN 0195-6701 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders Ltd, 32 Jamestown Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The impact of teaching interventions and the availability of additional dispensers for alcoholic hand disinfection was measured during three study periods. A nursing care system of relevant nursing interventions was found to be a useful tool for the assessment of compliance with hand hygiene requirements if combined with an analysis of hand disinfectant use. This study shows that compliance with hand disinfection can be improved through targeted teaching and supportive structural improvements, and that this positive impact may persist even after targeted teaching activities have ended. © 2002 The Hospital Infection Society. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol disinfectant agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) disinfection nurse attitude EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article controlled study health care system human nursing outcomes research personal hygiene teaching CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2003518697 MEDLINE PMID 12009824 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12009824) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jhin.2002.1198 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 789 TITLE Re: National drug policy: implications of the 'tough on drugs' ideology by Rosemary Norman. AUTHOR NAMES Moran S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moran S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Moran, SOURCE Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia) (2002) 9:2 (8-9). Date of Publication: Apr 2002 ISSN 1322-7696 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health care policy nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Australia human letter nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12054398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12054398) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 790 TITLE Descriptive study and pharmacotherapeutic intervention in patients with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease at nursing homes in southern Sweden AUTHOR NAMES Midlöv P. Bondesson A. Eriksson T. Petersson J. Minthon L. Höglund P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Midlöv P.; Bondesson A.; Höglund P.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden. (Eriksson T.) Hospital Pharmacy, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. (Petersson J.) Department of Neurology, University Hospital MAS, Malmö, Sweden. (Minthon L.) Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatric Clinic, University Hospital MAS, Malmö, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Höglund, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Lund University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden. Email: peter.hoglund@klinfarm.lu.se SOURCE European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2002) 57:12 (903-910). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0031-6970 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany. ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the drug use in epilepsy and Parkinson's patients living in nursing homes and to evaluate the impact of multi-speciality team intervention on health-related quality of life, activities of daily living (ADL) and confusion state. Methods: Nursing home residents with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease in the county of Skåne in Sweden were identified. From 119 nursing homes, 262 patients were identified. After obtaining informed consent, 157 patients from 48 nursing homes were included. Of these patients 74 were diagnosed with epilepsy and 84 with Parkinson's disease (one patient had both diagnoses). The average age of the epilepsy patients was 79 years and of the Parkinson's patients 81 years. Pharmacists documented the patients' drug use and any drug-related problems after communication with nursing-home residents, their contact persons at the nursing home and the residents' physicians. A multi-speciality group consisting of pharmacists, a primary care physician, a neurologist, a neuro-psychiatrist and a clinical pharmacologist evaluated the patients' medication and, when appropriate, suggested changes. Lists of each resident's medications were collected together with information about drug-related problems. The use of drugs deemed inappropriate for geriatric nursing-home residents according to Beer's criteria was documented. Health-related quality of life was evaluated using a generic health-related quality of life instrument, SF-36. Confusion state was measured using the Behaviour Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (Behave-AD), and ability to perform ADL was assessed using the Schwab and England capacity for daily living scale. All measurements were repeated after approximately 6 months. During that period, for the group randomised to active intervention, the physicians involved in the care of the patients had received the recommendations for changes in drug treatment from the multi-speciality group. Results: Epilepsy patients at nursing homes used on average 8.0 drugs for continuous use whereas Parkinson's patients used 8.6 drugs. According to Beer's criteria about 40% of both patient groups used drugs that are classified as inappropriate to geriatric nursing-home patients. Dopamine receptor-blocking psychotropic drugs were used by 29% of the Parkinson's patients. Indication for a patient's total drug treatment was not documented for 50% of epilepsy and 40% of Parkinson's patients. There were no significant differences between the active and control groups in changes in SF-36, Behave-AD or ADL for epilepsy patients. For Parkinson's patients there was a significant decrease in ADL for the active group, whereas there were no differences in SF-36 or Behave-AD. Conclusion: Nursing-home residents with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease use many drugs and often drugs that are classified as inappropriate. A simple problem-oriented questionnaire may be helpful in identifying specific drug-related problems in geriatric patients with common neurological diseases. Methods on how to improve the pharmacotherapy of these patients still have to be developed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) dopamine receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) levodopa (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) phenytoin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) epilepsy (diagnosis, drug therapy) Parkinson disease (diagnosis, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged amnesia (side effect) article clinical trial confusion constipation (side effect) controlled clinical trial controlled study daily life activity diarrhea (side effect) drug induced disease evaluation study fatigue (side effect) female gastrointestinal disease (side effect) geriatric patient human hyperkinesia (side effect) hypokinesia (side effect) informed consent major clinical study male medical specialist neurologic disease nightmare (side effect) nursing home orthostatic hypotension (side effect) pharmacist physician primary medical care priority journal quality of life questionnaire randomized controlled trial rating scale rigidity seizure (side effect) Sweden tremor (side effect) vertigo (side effect) visual hallucination (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) levodopa (59-92-7) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002084767 MEDLINE PMID 11936711 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11936711) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-001-0408-3 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 791 TITLE The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents: Validation of an instrument for the assessment of mental disorders among adolescent primary care patients AUTHOR NAMES Johnson J.G. Harris E.S. Spitzer R.L. Williams J.B.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Johnson J.G., jjohnso@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu; Spitzer R.L.; Williams J.B.W.) Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States. (Harris E.S.) Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, University of California, Davis, CA, United States. (Johnson J.G., jjohnso@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu) Box 60, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.G. Johnson, Box 60, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States. Email: jjohnso@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu SOURCE Journal of Adolescent Health (2002) 30:3 (196-204). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 1054-139X BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A), a self-administered instrument that assesses anxiety, eating, mood, and substance use disorders among adolescent primary care patients. Methods: A total of 403 adolescents from California, New Jersey, New York, and Ohio completed the PHQ-A and the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-20) during or shortly after a visit to a primary care clinic or a school nurse's office. A few days later, clinical psychologists who were blind to the results of the PHQ-A administered a semi-structured clinical interview to assess the same psychiatric disorders and to conduct a global assessment of functioning (GAF) among 403 patients. Diagnostic agreement coefficients were computed and analyses of covariance were conducted. Results: Findings support the diagnostic validity of the PHQ-A. The PHQ-A and the clinical interview produced similar estimates of the prevalence rates of anxiety, eating, mood, and substance use disorders. The PHQ-A demonstrated satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic agreement, and overall diagnostic accuracy, compared with the clinical interview. Adolescents with PHQ-A diagnoses experienced significantly poorer mental and overall functioning, more physical pain, and poorer overall health compared with those without psychiatric disorders. These differences remained significant after patients' age, gender, ethnicity, and site were controlled statistically. Conclusion: The PHQ-A may be used to assist primary care practitioners in identifying psychiatric disorders among their adolescent patients. The PHQ-A is the first such tool to be tested for use in adolescents and offers an acceptable and efficient tool for early detection and recognition of mental disorders in this high-risk group. © Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2002. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) affective neurosis (diagnosis) anxiety neurosis (diagnosis) eating disorder (diagnosis) patient health questionnaire for adolescents questionnaire substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult analysis of variance article clinical psychology controlled study diagnostic accuracy diagnostic value ethnic group female health status health survey human intermethod comparison interview male mental function outcomes research prevalence primary medical care priority journal psychologist United States validation process EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002080012 MEDLINE PMID 11869927 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11869927) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(01)00333-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 792 TITLE Interdisciplinary medication education in a church environment AUTHOR NAMES Schommer J.C. Byers S.R. Pape L.L. Cable G.L. Worley M.M. Sherrin T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schommer J.C.; Byers S.R.; Pape L.L.; Cable G.L.; Worley M.M.; Sherrin T.) College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street, S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.C. Schommer, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street, S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. Email: schom010@tc.umn.edu SOURCE American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2002) 59:5 (423-428). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2002 ISSN 1079-2082 BOOK PUBLISHER American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, United States. ABSTRACT A medication education program for ambulatory care patients implemented in a church setting was studied. The program at each of 20 churches in Ohio consisted of a one-hour orientation for pharmacists/interns, a 20-minute presentation on medications and health, a question-and-answer session led by a pharmacist and a nurse, a one-on-one session with a pharmacist, and an exit interview with a nurse. Before the program, patients completed a form to assess their current experiences with medications and their interactions with health care professionals in the preceding six months. During an exit interview at the end of the program, patients were asked whether the program had been understandable and beneficial and whether taking medications affected their lifestyle. A follow-up interview was conducted six months later. A total of 187 patients completed both the exit and follow-up interviews. Almost all reported that the church setting was a good place for the program and that the program was beneficial. During the six months after the program, the patients took significantly fewer drugs each day than during the six months before the program and had fewer drug-related problems. Significantly more patients sought drug information after completing the program than before it. High rates of medication misuse were identified, leading to 359 pharmacist recommendations. An interdisciplinary program in a church setting successfully provided medication education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged ambulatory care article controlled study drug information drug misuse (epidemiology) female geriatrics health care personnel human human experiment information processing male nurse patient education patient information patient satisfaction pharmacist priority journal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pharmacy (39) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002094654 MEDLINE PMID 11887408 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11887408) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 793 TITLE Understanding incarcerated populations. AUTHOR NAMES Cooke C.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cooke C.L.) University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Cooke, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, USA. SOURCE AORN journal (2002) 75:3 (568-570, 573-576, 578 passim). Date of Publication: Mar 2002 ISSN 0001-2092 ABSTRACT Approximately 1.3 to 1.8 million people are incarcerated in the United States at any given time. When providing emergency or elective surgical intervention, perioperative nurses may encounter incarcerated individuals, including many who require treatment for traumatic injury. Nurses, therefore, need to educate themselves about this patient population and understand the specific clinical and educational needs of this group. This article explores key concepts involved in caring for incarcerated individuals, including their characteristics and assumptions others make about them. The article concludes with a discussion of educational and policy implications. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) operating room personnel prisoner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) elective surgery emergency exercise family female human interpersonal communication male methodology minority group needs assessment nurse patient relationship nursing perioperative period psychological aspect review statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11921824 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11921824) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 794 TITLE Tobacco dependence curricula in acute care nurse practitioner education. AUTHOR NAMES Heath J. Andrews J. Thomas S.A. Kelley F.J. Friedman E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heath J.; Andrews J.; Thomas S.A.; Kelley F.J.; Friedman E.) Georgetown University, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Heath, Georgetown University, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Washington, DC, USA. SOURCE American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (2002) 11:1 (27-33). Date of Publication: Jan 2002 ISSN 1062-3264 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Tobacco dependence is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, yet healthcare professionals are not adequately educated on how to help patients break the deadly cycle of tobacco dependence. OBJECTIVE: To assess the content and extent of tobacco education in the curricula of acute care nurse practitioner programs in the United States. METHODS: A survey with 13 multiple-choice items was distributed to the coordinators of 72 acute care nurse practitioner programs. The survey was replicated and modifiedfrom previous research on tobacco dependence curricula in undergraduate medical education. RESULTS: Fifty programs (83%) responded to the survey. Overall, during an entire course of study, 70% of the respondents reported that only between 1 and 3 hours of content on tobacco dependence was covered. Seventy-eight percent reported that students were not required to teach smoking-cessation techniques to patients, and 94% did not provide opportunities for students to be certified as smoking-cessation counselors. Sixty percent reported that the national guidelines for smoking cessation were not used as a curriculum reference for tobacco content. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of acute care nurse practitioner programs include brief tobacco education. More in-depth coverage is required to reduce tobacco dependence. Acute care nurse practitioners are in a prime position to intervene with tobacco dependence, especially when patients are recovering from life-threatening events. National recommendations for core tobacco curricula and inclusion of tobacco questions on board examinations should be developed and implemented. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nurse practitioner tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human intensive care nursing education questionnaire smoking cessation United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11785554 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11785554) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 795 TITLE The economic impact of dementia in Belgium: Results of the NAtional Dementia Economic Study (NADES) AUTHOR NAMES Scuvee-Moreau J. Kurz X. Dresse A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Scuvee-Moreau J.; Kurz X.; Dresse A.) Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pathology B23, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart-Tilman, Belgium. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Scuvee-Moreau, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pathology B23, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart-Tilman, Belgium. Email: jmoreau@ulg.ac.be SOURCE Acta Neurologica Belgica (2002) 102:3 (104-113). Date of Publication: 2002 ISSN 0300-9009 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l., springer@springer.it ABSTRACT Objectives : To estimate costs associated with dementia and its severity and to identify main cost determinants. Design : One-year prospective cohort study. Setting : 231 general practitioners (GPs) and 15 specialist clinics throughout Belgium. Subjects : 605 patients aged ≥ 65 years (219 referent patients, 218 demented patients at home and 168 demented patients in institution). Outcome measures : Medical costs (visits to GPs/specialists, physiotherapy, hospitalisation, nursing, incontinence, medication) and non-medical costs (special equipment, services, professional help and caregiving). Results : Total monthly costs amounted to 368.50 for referent patients, 445.56 for demented patients at home and 2301.7 for demented patients in institutions. Highest costs were measured in patients with severe dementia (556.88 at home, 2465.28 in institutions). In demented patients at home, 60% of costs were accounted for by the health system, with hospitalisation and medication being the main cost components (36% and 20%). In demented patients in institution, 46% of the costs were accounted for by the health system, with residential costs and nursing being the main cost components (42% and 32%). In multivariate covariance analysis, the main determinants of costs for demented patients at home were physical dependence and co-morbidity (neoplasm, cardiovascular disease). The adjusted difference between demented and referent patients was 25 per month. Conclusions : a large fraction of the costs observed in dementia is explained by the association of dementia with physical dependence, co-morbidity and need for caregiving. From an economic point of view, the results support the caring for patients at home. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia (disease management, epidemiology, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article Belgium caregiver cohort analysis comorbidity controlled study cost effectiveness analysis disease severity drug dependence economic aspect elderly care female general practitioner health care cost health service home care hospitalization human incidence incontinence major clinical study male medical specialist multivariate analysis of covariance nursing outcomes research physiotherapist prevalence prospective study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002368208 MEDLINE PMID 12400248 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12400248) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 796 TITLE An education programme for professionals who specialize in substance misuse in St. Petersburg, Russia: Part 1 AUTHOR NAMES Green A.J. Holloway D.G. Fleming P.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Green A.J.) European Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5TE, United Kingdom. (Holloway D.G.) School of Education and Continuing Studies, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom. (Fleming P.M.) Substance Misuse Services, Portsmouth Healthcare Trust, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.J. Green, European Inst. of Hlth./Medical Sci., University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5TE, United Kingdom. Email: a.green@surrey.ac.uk SOURCE Nurse Education Today (2001) 21:8 (656-662). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0260-6917 BOOK PUBLISHER Churchill Livingstone ABSTRACT This paper provides an account of a joint project of education and training of doctors and nurses in St Petersburg, funded by the Know How Fund Health Sector Small Partnership Scheme (Russia). Contextual material on drug and alcohol misuse in Russia is introduced prior to a focus on the drug and alcohol misuse issues in St Petersburg. Reference is made to historical and contemporary material on alcohol and drug misuse, and attention is drawn to the reliability of statistical data. The main aims of the project and the work carried out are outlined. Firstly, to bring together medical and nursing colleagues, enabling a recognition of the overlap in training and educational needs of both professional groups, and the learning that can occur from understanding each others roles and responsibilities. Secondly, that the theory and practice of different approaches to care and treatment can be incorporated into already established curricula used to educate both nurses and doctors. Colleagues in St Petersburg have requested the support and guidance of UK practitioners and nurse educationalists to facilitate these changes in perspectives. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the influence of the project in anticipation of the forthcoming paper that will detail evaluation processes that the provision has undergone and examine the findings in more detail. © 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol illicit drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction education program health practitioner international cooperation nursing substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse alcoholism article comprehension controlled study curriculum drug abuse education health care health service human learning medical education medical ethics mental health service nurse nursing education physician physician attitude reliability Russian Federation statistical analysis training United Kingdom CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 11884179 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884179) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/nedt.2001.0596 COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 797 TITLE Implications of chemically impaired students in clinical settings. AUTHOR NAMES Pierce C.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pierce C.S.) Binghamton University, Decker School Nursing, New York 13902-6000, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.S. Pierce, Binghamton University, Decker School Nursing, New York 13902-6000, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2001) 40:9 (422-425). Date of Publication: Dec 2001 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction clinical competence malpractice nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum female human male management psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11769955 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11769955) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 798 TITLE Drug & alcohol intervention for older women: a pilot study. AUTHOR NAMES Eliason M.J. Skinstad A.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eliason M.J.; Skinstad A.H.) College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Eliason, College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA. SOURCE Journal of gerontological nursing (2001) 27:12 (18-24; quiz 40-41). Date of Publication: Dec 2001 ISSN 0098-9134 ABSTRACT Pretest and posttest information was gathered from 26 older women attending educational programs related to alcohol and drug use. The goals of the study were to determine current knowledge about alcohol and drugs among older women and to gather some initial information about the potential for alcohol and drug interactions and misuse. The intervention included a 60-minute presentation on the metabolism of alcohol and drugs in the aging body, the potential for alcohol-drug interactions, and a discussion of healthy lifestyles (e.g., diet, exercise). Older women, especially those who were moderate to heavy drinkers, were found to have many misconceptions about alcohol and drug use, but their knowledge improved dramatically after the brief educational intervention. This finding may suggest that most of the women had knowledge deficits rather than deeply entrenched attitudes about alcohol and drug use or alcohol dependence. Therefore, simple educational interventions may be very effective with this subset of women. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention, rehabilitation) alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention, rehabilitation) geriatric assessment patient education women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article attitude to health epidemiology female geriatric nursing health care quality human methodology middle aged pilot study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11820530 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11820530) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 799 TITLE Patterns of drug consumption in relation with the pathologies of elderly Mexican subjects resident in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Pérez-Guillé G. Camacho-Vieyra A. Toledo-López A. Guillé-Pérez A. Flores-Pérez J. Rodríguez-Pérez R. Juárez-Olguín H. Lares-Asseff I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pérez-Guillé G.; Camacho-Vieyra A.; Toledo-López A.; Guillé-Pérez A.; Flores-Pérez J.; Rodríguez-Pérez R.; Juárez-Olguín H.; Lares-Asseff I.) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Natl. Autonomous University Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Juárez-Olguín, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Natl. Autonomous University Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. Email: juarez@yahoo.com SOURCE Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2001) 4:2 (159-166). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 1482-1826 BOOK PUBLISHER Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3118 Dentistry/Pharmacy Centre, Univ. of Alberta Campus, Edmonton, Canada. ABSTRACT Purpose. To describe the patterns of drugs consumed by the male and female elderly living in Mexican private and public nursing homes. Methods: Three hundred and fifty elderly participants from four nursing homes (2 private and 2 public) were selected for the six month study: 108 subjects were excluded; the remaining 242 were between 65 and 100 years old; 123 were females and 119 males. A complete clinical history was taken and clinical files were reviewed. Results: Of the 242 elderly studied, 193 took diverse medications and 28.5% were at risk of some type of drug interaction. The groups of drugs more frequently consumed were vitamins and anti-anemic medications, followed by cardiovascular drugs. Females consumed greater number of drugs. They also consumed more drugs simultaneously. Conclusions: There is a need to monitor the elderly for their drugs pattern use. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aluminum magnesium hydroxide (drug therapy) analgesic agent (drug therapy) antianemic agent antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy) antirheumatic agent (drug therapy) buphenine (drug therapy) cardiovascular agent (drug therapy) central nervous system agents (drug therapy) chlordiazepoxide (drug therapy) cimetidine (drug therapy) digoxin (drug therapy) dihydroergotamine mesilate (drug therapy) dimeticone (drug therapy) dipyridamole (drug therapy) gastrointestinal agent (drug therapy) isosorbide dinitrate (drug therapy) ispagula (drug therapy) kaolin pectin (drug therapy) methyldopa (drug therapy) metoclopramide (drug therapy) metoprolol tartrate (drug therapy) naproxen (drug therapy) nifedipine (drug therapy) papaverine (drug therapy) prazosin (drug therapy) propantheline bromide (drug therapy) scopolamine butyl bromide (drug therapy) Senna extract (drug therapy) unindexed drug vitamin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug utilization elderly care nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged anamnesis arthropathy (drug therapy) article bone disease (drug therapy) cardiovascular disease (drug therapy) controlled study disease association drug misuse drug monitoring eye disease (drug therapy) female gastrointestinal disease (drug therapy) human major clinical study male medical record mental disease (drug therapy) Mexico pathology sex difference CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aluminum magnesium hydroxide (37317-08-1, 39366-43-3) buphenine (447-41-6, 849-55-8) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) dihydroergotamine mesilate (6190-39-2) dimeticone (32028-95-8, 68248-27-1, 9004-73-3, 9006-65-9) dipyridamole (58-32-2) isosorbide dinitrate (87-33-2) ispagula (77462-61-4, 8063-16-9) kaolin pectin (8047-39-0) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) metoclopramide (12707-59-4, 2576-84-3, 364-62-5, 7232-21-5) metoprolol tartrate (56392-17-7) naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2) nifedipine (21829-25-4) papaverine (58-74-2, 61-25-6) prazosin (19216-56-9, 19237-84-4) propantheline bromide (298-50-0, 50-34-0) scopolamine butyl bromide (149-64-4, 7182-53-8, 73156-19-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002139332 MEDLINE PMID 11466173 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11466173) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 800 TITLE Student nurses' knowledge of palliative care: evaluating an education module. AUTHOR NAMES Arber A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arber A.) Kingston University and St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Arber, Kingston University and St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK. SOURCE International journal of palliative nursing (2001) 7:12 (597-603). Date of Publication: Dec 2001 ISSN 1357-6321 ABSTRACT There is evidence that education in palliative care in the UK is somewhat patchy and that this important area of health care should be given a greater emphasis in the nursing curriculum. This article describes an evaluation of a palliative care module taken by a group of third year student nurses. The effect of the module was evaluated using the palliative care quiz for nursing (PCQN), administered at the beginning and at the end of the module. The results demonstrate that the students significantly increased their understanding of aspects of pain and symptom control. In particular, they became knowledgeable about adjuvant therapies and opioid use. In contrast to previous studies, the students rejected the 'fear of addiction' associated with opioid use. Deficits in knowledge included side-effects of codeine, use of sedation and the use of placebos. The results support the need to develop a compulsory module in palliative care that is formally assessed and includes a palliative care placement. This would enable comprehensive and systematic coverage of palliative care in the undergraduate nursing curriculum. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education palliative therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article educational status evaluation study human questionnaire United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11842683 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11842683) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 801 TITLE Smoking behavior and related factors among Japanese nursing students: A cohort study AUTHOR NAMES Ohida T. Kamal A.A.M. Takemura S. Sone T. Minowa M. Nozaki S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ohida T.; Kamal A.A.M.; Takemura S.; Sone T.) Department of Public Health Administration, . (Minowa M.) Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, 108-8638, Japan. (Nozaki S.) Department of Public Health, Nihon University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Ohida, Dept. of Pub. Health Administration, National Institute of Public Health, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8638, Japan. Email: tohida@iph.go.jp SOURCE Preventive Medicine (2001) 32:4 (341-347). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0091-7435 BOOK PUBLISHER Academic Press Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT Background. Although there have been several surveys on smoking behavior among Japanese nursing students, most have been cross-sectional studies. No longitudinal studies, such as a prospective cohort study, have ever been carried out. We therefore conducted a cohort study on, and analyzed smoking behavior and related factors among, Japanese nursing students. Methods. A survey on smoking behavior using a confidential questionnaire was conducted on nursing students at two vocational schools of nursing and two nursing colleges/universities located in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Another survey was subsequently conducted in the same manner among the same subjects 1 year later. The surveys were conducted between 1997 and 1999. Results. Over the 1-year period, the prevalence of smoking among nursing students increased by 10% for students at the vocational schools of nursing (n = 224) and by 3% for students at the nursing colleges/universities (n = 222). The average score for nicotine dependence for students who were daily smokers at both time points rose from 3.6 to 4.4 (P < 0.05). Two factors found to significantly predict smoking behavior were having friends who smoke and living alone. Conclusion. Smoking prevalence is increasing among Japanese nursing students. Smoking prevention and cessation interventions should be instituted in all nursing training programs. © 2001 American Health Foundation and Academic Press. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical personnel smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cohort analysis female human Japan major clinical study male nurse training prevalence priority journal smoking cessation vocational education EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2002059986 MEDLINE PMID 11304095 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11304095) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2001.0828 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 802 TITLE Experiential learning in drug and alcohol education. AUTHOR NAMES Norman R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Norman R.) School of Nursing, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Norman, School of Nursing, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2001) 40:8 (371-374). Date of Publication: Nov 2001 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction game nursing education problem based learning role playing teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum educational model empathy evaluation study health care quality health personnel attitude human methodology needs assessment nurse patient relationship nursing nursing student patient education psychological aspect social psychology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11725997 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11725997) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 803 TITLE Nurses' attitudes and practices in sickle cell pain management. AUTHOR NAMES Pack-Mabien A. Labbe E. Herbert D. Haynes Jr. J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pack-Mabien A.; Labbe E.; Herbert D.; Haynes Jr. J.) University of South Alabama Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Mobile, AL, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Pack-Mabien, University of South Alabama Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Mobile, AL, USA. SOURCE Applied nursing research : ANR (2001) 14:4 (187-192). Date of Publication: Nov 2001 ISSN 0897-1897 ABSTRACT Professional objectivity should be the primary focus of patient care. Health care professionals are at times reluctant to give opioids out of fear that patients may become addicted, which would result in the undertreatment of pain. The influence of nurses' attitudes on the management of sickle cell pain was studied. The variables of age, education, area of practice, and years of active experience were considered. Of the respondents, 63% believed addiction was prevalent, and 30% were hesitant to administer high-dose opioids. Study findings suggest that nurses would benefit from additional education on sickle cell disease, pain assessment and management, and addiction. Educational recommendations are discussed. Copyright 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude nursing staff opiate addiction sickle cell anemia (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical competence education human nonparametric test nursing psychological aspect standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11699021 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11699021) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 804 TITLE The nurse's role in assessing alcohol use by older people. AUTHOR NAMES Schofield I. Tolson D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schofield I.; Tolson D.) Caledonian Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Glasgow Caledonian University. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Schofield, Caledonian Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Glasgow Caledonian University. SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2001) 10:19 (1260-1268). Date of Publication: 2001 Oct 25-Nov 7 ISSN 0966-0461 ABSTRACT Nurses have the potential to carry out health promotion activity related to alcohol use in a range of settings where older people receive care. The majority of the literature on alcohol use in later life has focused on abuse, especially on the more common risk of drug-alcohol interactions. In order to work effectively with older people in health prevention and education, nurses need to be knowledgeable about older people's patterns of drinking, the effects of alcohol on medication and the current evidence on the harm and benefits of alcohol to health. In carrying out assessments, a skillful approach needs to be adopted in questioning older clients on what some might regard as a sensitive issue. Screening tools for the detection of alcohol abuse in the general adult population may not be valid for use with older clients. Tools specific to the detection of alcohol abuse by older people will be considered. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol (pharmacokinetics) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) drinking behavior drug interaction geriatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article human nursing questionnaire CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11832839 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11832839) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 805 TITLE Briefs from the field of cancer research AUTHOR NAMES Daniels C.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Daniels C.E.) Natl. Inst. of Health Clinical Ctr., Bethesda, MD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.E. Daniels, Natl. Inst. of Health Clinical Ctr., Bethesda, MD, United States. SOURCE Oncology Spectrums (2001) 2:8 (529-531). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 1532-8554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cancer research diet supplementation medical education smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS achievement article artificial intelligence biomedicine biotechnology cancer prevention cancer radiotherapy cancer therapy cause of death computer health care access health care system health center health education health program health service human medical information medical research nurse patient care smoking cessation telecommunication tobacco dependence training EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Radiology (14) Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001340058 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 806 TITLE Use of music therapy and other ITNIs in acute care. AUTHOR NAMES Gagner-Tjellesen D. Yurkovich E.E. Gragert M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gagner-Tjellesen D.; Yurkovich E.E.; Gragert M.) College of Nursing, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Box 9025, University Station, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Gagner-Tjellesen, College of Nursing, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Box 9025, University Station, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9025, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (2001) 39:10 (26-37). Date of Publication: Oct 2001 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the clinical use of music therapy as an independent therapeutic nursing intervention (ITNI) in acute inpatient settings. This study identified the frequency, rationale, and perceived effectiveness of its use as an ITNI. In addition, barriers and facilitators to nurses' use of music therapy were identified. Frequency of use of other ITNIs also were investigated. An author-designed questionnaire, based on the literature and reviewed by a panel of experts, was used to survey a convenience sample (N = 321) of RNs at an acute inpatient facility with more than 50 beds, located in the midwestern United States. One hundred thirty-five RNs (42%) participated in the study. Findings indicated that 85.2% (n = 115) of respondents knew of music therapy, with 69.6% (n = 94) of them reporting using it in practice. Of the other listed ITNIs, deep breathing was used most frequently, followed by therapeutic touch and massage. Music therapy was used most commonly to reduce anxiety and was ranked as the ITNI used most often to enhance sleep and decrease distraction, agitation, aggression, and depression. Psychiatry/chemical dependency and intensive care units had the highest incidence of use of music therapy. The ranking of barriers and facilitators identified the strongest barrier as not having time to help patients with music therapy, whereas the strongest facilitator was nurses' comfort with the idea of using music therapy. This research begins to fill an information gap about the frequency, purpose, and perceived effectiveness of use of ITNIs. The use of ITNIs can increase patient comfort and facilitate conservation of energy, which aids healing processes, as described in Levine's Conservation Model. Use of ITNIs also can empower nurses and facilitate their control over nursing practice. This study indicates that nurses need further education on the use of music therapy and other ITNIs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental disease (therapy) mental health service music therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease adult article cross-sectional study human methodology middle aged psychiatric nursing psychological aspect questionnaire statistics utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11697072 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11697072) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 807 TITLE Alcohol health education programme for schools. AUTHOR NAMES Owens R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Owens R.) Whiston Hospital. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Owens, Whiston Hospital. SOURCE Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accident and Emergency Nursing Association (2001) 9:5 (24-29). Date of Publication: Sep 2001 ISSN 1354-5752 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention) health education nurse attitude school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child behavior drinking behavior (epidemiology, prevention) emergency nursing female health care quality human incidence male organization and management risk factor school health nursing United Kingdom (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11936042 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11936042) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 808 TITLE Controlled-release oxycodone hydrochloride (OxyContin). AUTHOR NAMES Heidrich D.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heidrich D.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.E. Heidrich, SOURCE Clinical nurse specialist CNS (2001) 15:5 (207-209). Date of Publication: Sep 2001 ISSN 0887-6274 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration) oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS delayed release formulation human inhalational drug administration intravenous drug administration nursing care pain (drug therapy) patient compliance pharmacy review tablet CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11855610 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11855610) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 809 TITLE Problems in the outcomes of nursing education create challenges for continuing education. AUTHOR NAMES Leino-Kilpi H. Solante S. Katajisto J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Leino-Kilpi H.; Solante S.; Katajisto J.) Department of Nursing, University of Turku, Finland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Leino-Kilpi, Department of Nursing, University of Turku, Finland. SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (2001) 32:4 (183-189). Date of Publication: 2001 Jul-Aug ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges for continuing education by evaluating nurses' perceptions of quality of learning outcomes among graduates of nursing programs in Finland. The evaluation occurred 5 years after graduation from a bachelor's program, which means that learning outcomes can be weighed against the practice of nursing. METHOD: The data were collected in 1996 by postal questionnaires, which were divided into four main domains--basic nursing skills, interactive skills, counseling skills, and collaborative skills. The sample consisted of 522 graduating nursing students. The response rate was 68% (n = 354). RESULTS: The respondents felt most confident with their basic nursing, collaborative, and counseling skills. They felt least confident with their interactive skills, particularly with patients with alcohol or drug addiction problems. CONCLUSION: The results highlight some of the strengths and weaknesses of the nurse education system and provide insights for continuing education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical competence health personnel attitude needs assessment nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult article cooperation counseling education Finland human human relation middle aged nursing organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire self concept standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11868959 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11868959) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 810 TITLE Nurse practitioners and parent education: a partnership for health. AUTHOR NAMES Clark B.S. Rapkin K. Busen N.H. Vasquez E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark B.S.; Rapkin K.; Busen N.H.; Vasquez E.) Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Liver Center, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.S. Clark, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Liver Center, USA. Email: bsclark@texaschildrenshospital.org SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2001) 13:7 (310-316). Date of Publication: Jul 2001 ISSN 1041-2972 ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To present the findings from a pilot-test of an innovative curriculum for parent education classes that included information about well child care and the care of sick children presented to substance abusing women at a residential drug treatment facility. DATA SOURCES: Selected literature and the results of a comparison of pre- and post-tests from the 37 women who received the classes over a 6 week period. CONCLUSIONS: The Healthy Children, Happy Children parent education program was successful overall in increasing the knowledge of the mothers about common skin disorders, care of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers, and basic first aid. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nurse practitioners (NPs) are well suited to teach parent education classes that contain information on growth and development, well child care and diagnosis and management of acute minor conditions. The Healthy Children, Happy Children curriculum can be adapted to a variety of settings and populations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child care health education mother program development EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) article child child parent relation education female human methodology middle aged nurse practitioner LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11930604 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11930604) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 811 TITLE Inhalants most popular drug for 12-year-olds. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE NASNewsletter (2001) 16:4 (9). Date of Publication: Jul 2001 ISSN 1047-4757 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) street drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child human inhalational drug administration parent school health nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11987869 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11987869) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 812 TITLE Problem behavior in the last year of life: Prevalence, risks, and care receipt in older Americans AUTHOR NAMES Bedford S. Melzer D. Guralnik J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bedford S.) Addenbrooke's NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom. (Melzer D.) Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom. (Guralnik J.) Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry Office, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, United States. (Melzer D.) Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Melzer, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, United Kingdom. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2001) 49:5 (590-595). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of problem behavior in the last year of life in older people and to explore risk factors and assess the effect of behaviors on access to care. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data from the 1993 National Mortality Followback Survey, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). SETTING: Persons who resided and died in the United States (except South Dakota) in 1993. PARTICIPANTS: Seven thousand six hundred and eighty-four deaths in people age 65 and older were included, from which full informant interview data were available for 6,748 decedents (88%). MEASUREMENTS: Informant data were collected on frequency of complaints about behavior from family members, complaints from others in the community, bizarre behavior, destroying property, violent threats or attempts, and temper tantrums. RESULTS: Overall, 20% of decedents were reported as having any of the problem behaviors sometimes or often in the last year of life. Rates differed little by age at death or gender. Risks of having problem behaviors were higher for those with clinically diagnosed dementia, mental illness, alcohol abuse, and bronchitis or emphysema. A diagnosis of dementia had been made in 27% of those with behavior problems. Nursing homes or healthcare facilities were the usual residence of 32% of people with any behavior problems sometimes or often during their last year of life. Informants for decedents who had destroyed property or made violent threats were 2.3 times (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-4.4) more likely to report that the subject had not received the care they had needed during the last year of life. CONCLUSION: Problem behavior is relatively common in older people in the last year of life and is not confined to nursing home residents or people suffering from dementia. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent (drug therapy) sedative agent (drug therapy) tranquilizer (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aging dementia (disease management) health care access EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aggression alcohol abuse anger article criminal behavior female human major clinical study male mental disease (disease management, drug therapy) mental health care nursing home regression analysis risk factor symptomatology violence EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001207876 MEDLINE PMID 11380752 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11380752) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49119.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 813 TITLE Health and service utilization patterns among homeless men in transition: exploring the need for on-site, shelter-based nursing care. AUTHOR NAMES Brush B.L. Powers E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brush B.L.; Powers E.M.) Boston College School of Nursing Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.L. Brush, Boston College School of Nursing Chestnut Hill, MA 02167, USA. SOURCE Scholarly inquiry for nursing practice (2001) 15:2 (143-154; discussion 155-159). Date of Publication: 2001 Summer ISSN 0889-7182 ABSTRACT Between September 1999 and May 2000, as part of a larger faculty/student teaching project, data describing the demographic, health problem and service utilization patterns of 183 newly sheltered homeless men (mean age = 42) seeking on-site nursing clinic services were collected and analyzed. Upon arrival to the transitional shelter, 46% of the study participants were medically uninsured or received state subsidized health benefits (49%). Almost all (99%) were in recovery from substance addiction. Despite numerous self-reported health problems, 44% had no primary care provider and 35% were seen only sporadically in local hospital clinics or in emergency departments. During the study period, nurse practitioner students and faculty managed most of the residents' episodic illnesses on-site, while assisting them to secure insurance coverage and medical appointments as a prelude to independent living. This was an attempt to curtail residents' previous pattern of waiting until medical problems became serious before seeking treatment. These findings mirrored those in studies of similar populations equating on-site delivery of health care to cost reduction. Unfortunately, many nurse-managed clinics, like our study site, fail to generate data supporting nurses' clinical efficiency and cost effectiveness in caring for homeless individuals. As such, nurses' work remains invisible and underappreciated. This article argues that future studies examining nurses' work and worth in caring for homeless individuals are necessary in determining future health care service planning with this vulnerable population. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing halfway house health service homelessness needs assessment nurse practitioner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article cost benefit analysis education evaluation study health care planning health care quality health services research human male middle aged morbidity nursing evaluation research organization and management outpatient department patient statistics United States (epidemiology) utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11695491 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11695491) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 814 TITLE The family as a protective asset in adolescent development. AUTHOR NAMES Kingon Y.S. O'Sullivan A.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kingon Y.S.; O'Sullivan A.L.) University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Y.S. Kingon, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, USA. SOURCE Journal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association (2001) 19:2 (102-121; quiz 122-126). Date of Publication: Jun 2001 ISSN 0898-0101 ABSTRACT Adolescents are considered at high risk for engaging in such negative health behaviors as drug and alcohol use, unprotected sexual intercourse, and violence. Conventional wisdom has long upheld the belief that the peer group exerts the strongest influence on adolescent behavior. However, recent research has shown that in fact the family remains a strong factor in moderating teen risk behavior. Holistic nursing acknowledges the crucial relationship between environment and health; the environment is composed of everything that surrounds the individual, which by definition includes the family. The purpose of this article is to examine the evidence supporting the concept of the family as a protective external asset in adolescent development, to explore the way the family helps defend young people from risk, and to review briefly the implications for nursing research, practice, advocacy, and education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior child psychology ego development family relation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent human review risk factor social environment United States violence (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11847834 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11847834) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 815 TITLE Cancer: A reality in the emerging world AUTHOR NAMES Plesničar S. Plesničar A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Plesničar S.; Plesničar A.) Dr J. Cholewa Foundation for Cancer Research, Ljubljana, Slovenia. (Plesničar S.; Plesničar A.) University College of Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia. (Plesničar A.) University College of Health Care, Poljanska c. 26a, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Plesničar, University College of Health Care, Poljanska c. 26a, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. SOURCE Seminars in Oncology (2001) 28:2 (210-216). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0093-7754 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT World societies have changed significantly in the last decades. The main characteristics of these changes are reciprocal connections and interdependencies. It has been thus realized that a major part of the world population still lives in poverty. Due to specific health care interventions and consequent demographic changes, it is expected that the population in general, and of the older people in particular, will increase significantly in the future. The annual number of new cases of cancer is expected to double from 10 million at present to 20 million in the next 20 years. Considering the increases in life expectancy and in tobacco abuse worldwide, and the existence of viral diseases leading to cancer in less developed countries besides other factors, the majority of new cases will probably occur in the emerging world. The number of new cases of cancer could in the future be reduced with the enhancement of education on vertical and horizontal levels in less developed countries. On the vertical arm, the education would concentrate on physicians, nurses, and other health care workers, while on the horizontal arm, it would be provided to government officials, politicians, and other decision-makers. It should be accepted that the world is one and that the problems associated with cancer in less developed countries are global problems. Copyright © 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm (epidemiology, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged cancer incidence continuing education demography developed country government health education human life expectancy poverty priority journal review smoking society virus infection EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001146839 MEDLINE PMID 11301385 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11301385) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 816 TITLE Occurrence of potential drug-drug interactions in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Van Dijk K.N. De Vries C.S. Van Den Berg P.B. Brouwers J.R.B.J. De Jong-van Den Berg L.T.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Van Dijk K.N.; De Vries C.S.; Van Den Berg P.B.; Brouwers J.R.B.J.; De Jong-van Den Berg L.T.W.) Social Pharm./Pharmacoepidem. Dept., University Centre for Pharmacy, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.T.W. De Jong-Van Den Berg, Social Pharm./Pharmacoepidem. Dept., University Centre for Pharmacy, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. Email: L.T.W.de.Jong-van.den.Berg@farm.rug.nl SOURCE International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2001) 9:1 (45-52). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0961-7671 ABSTRACT Objective - It has been suggested that elderly people are at increased risk of drug-related problems such as drug-induced adverse effects, drug-drug interactions and drug-disease interactions. This is particularly the case for nursing home residents because of the often complicated and multiple co-morbidity that occurs in these people. The aim of this study was to develop prescribing indicators to assess systematically the occurrence and nature of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in a cohort of Dutch nursing home residents. Method - The study was conducted in residents aged 65 years and over in six nursing homes (n=2,355, two-year study period). Computerised medication data for the residents were evaluated with respect to co-prescribing of potentially interacting drugs. All DDIs that were classified as clinically relevant according to the Dutch National Drug Interaction Database were studied. DDIs were classified into three categories according to their pharmacological mechanism: 1 - pharmacokinetic interactions at the level of gastrointestinal (GI) absorption; 2 - pharmacokinetic interactions at the level of metabolism and excretion; and 3 - pharmacodynamic interactions. Key findings - Thirty-two per cent (n=748) of all residents were exposed to one or more combinations of drugs that could lead to clinically adverse outcomes. The numbers of residents who received drug combinations with a mechanism of interaction from category 1, 2 or 3 were 73 (3 per cent), 164 (7 per cent) and 612 (26 per cent) respectively. The number of medications prescribed was significantly associated with the occurrence of a potential DDI (P<0.05). Drugs most frequently involved were oral anticoagulants, antibiotics and theophylline. Conclusion - During the two-year study period, about one-third of the residents were exposed to at least one drug interaction considered clinically relevant. Adequate surveillance systems are needed to enable better identification of these interactions with a view to preventing potential clinical problems. Using the prescribing indicators developed in this study, such surveillance could focus on detection and clinical aspects of potential DDIs and possible alternative treatments. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic agent (drug interaction) anticoagulant agent (drug interaction, oral drug administration) theophylline (drug interaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amiodarone (drug interaction) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug interaction) bisphosphonic acid derivative (drug interaction) carbamazepine (drug interaction) cefuroxime (drug interaction) cimetidine (drug interaction) cotrimoxazole (drug interaction) digoxin (drug interaction) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug interaction) doxycycline (drug interaction) enzyme inhibitor (drug interaction) erythromycin (drug interaction) fluoride (drug interaction) lithium (drug interaction) loop diuretic agent (drug interaction) metronidazole (drug interaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug interaction) phenytoin (drug interaction) potassium sparing diuretic agent (drug interaction) quinoline derived antiinfective agent (drug interaction) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug interaction) tamoxifen (drug interaction) thyroid hormone (drug interaction) tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug interaction) unindexed drug verapamil (drug interaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article comorbidity drug potentiation drug surveillance program drug use female gastrointestinal absorption human major clinical study male nursing home prescription priority journal CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) cefuroxime (55268-75-2, 56238-63-2) cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2) cotrimoxazole (8064-90-2) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) doxycycline (10592-13-9, 17086-28-1, 564-25-0) erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4) fluoride (16984-48-8) lithium (7439-93-2) metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) tamoxifen (10540-29-1) theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9) verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001140601 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 817 TITLE Is codependency a meaningful concept? AUTHOR NAMES Stafford L.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stafford L.L.) University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center, School of Nursing, 1100 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.L. Stafford, University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center, School of Nursing, 1100 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA. Email: lstaffor@sonl.nur.uth.tmc.edu SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (2001) 22:3 (273-286). Date of Publication: 2001 Apr-May ISSN 0161-2840 ABSTRACT The concept of condependency has achieved a prominent place in the psychiatric, psychological, and addiction literature in a remarkably short period of time. Although the term was first developed in the substance abuse treatment arena, specifically referring to the wives of men who abuse alcohol, codependency has more recently been used almost generically to describe a dysfunctional style of relating to others (Irwin, 1995). The manner in which definitions of codependency have become increasingly inclusive are probably related to continuing input from the both the fashionable self-help movement and from some psychiatric perspectives. The purpose of this article is to review proposed definitions of codependency, discuss issues related to the validity of the codependency construct, and summarize efforts aimed at producing instruments to measure codependency. Additionally, I will address implications of this concept as related to psychiatric nursing education, practice, and research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior alcoholism human relation mental disease EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male nursing personality test psychiatric nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11885212 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11885212) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 818 TITLE Pain in nursing home residents: Management strategies AUTHOR NAMES Weiner D.K. Hanlon J.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weiner D.K.; Hanlon J.T.) Univ. of Pittsburgh Sch. of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, 3520 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3313, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.K. Weiner, Univ. of Pittsburgh Sch. of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, 3520 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3313, United States. Email: dweiner@pitt.edu SOURCE Drugs and Aging (2001) 18:1 (13-29). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 1170-229X BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Pain is prevalent and undertreated in nursing home residents, despite the existing wide array of effective pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment modalities. In order to improve the quality of life of these vulnerable individuals, practitioners require education about the correct approach to assessment and management. Assessment should be comprehensive, taking into account the basic underlying pathology (e.g. osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, peripheral neuropathy, fibromyalgia, cancer) as well as other contributory pathology (e.g. muscle spasm, myofascial pain) and modifying comorbidities (e.g. depression, anxiety, fear, sleep disturbance). Pharmacological management should be guided by a stepped-care approach, modelled after that recommended by the World Health Organization for treatment of cancer pain. Nonopioid and opioid analgesics are the cornerstone of pharmacological pain management. Tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants can be very effective for the treatment of certain types of neuropathic pain. In addition to treating the pain per se, attention should be given to prevention of disease progression and exacerbation, as maintaining function is of prime importance. Nursing home residents with severe dementia challenge the practitioner's pain assessment skills: an empirical approach to treatment may sometimes be warranted. The success of treatment should be measured by improvement in pain intensity as well as physical, psychosocial and cognitive function. Effective pain management may impact any or all of these functional domains and, therefore, substantially improve the nursing home resident's quality of life. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent (drug combination, drug therapy) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy) anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy) baclofen (drug therapy) calcitonin (drug administration) capsaicin (drug therapy) desipramine (drug combination, drug therapy) dextromethorphan (drug therapy) ibuprofen (drug therapy) levodopa (drug therapy) lidocaine (drug therapy, topical drug administration) mexiletine (drug therapy) naproxen (drug therapy) narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy) nortriptyline (drug combination, drug therapy) rofecoxib (drug therapy) salsalate (drug therapy) sulindac (drug therapy) tramadol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug combination, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home pain (drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged cognitive therapy comorbidity dementia disease course disease exacerbation drug absorption drug clearance drug dependence drug dose drug indication drug metabolism drug tolerability drug tolerance human liver toxicity (side effect) pain assessment physiotherapy priority journal quality of life rating scale review side effect (side effect) transcutaneous nerve stimulation CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) baclofen (1134-47-0) calcitonin (12321-44-7, 21215-62-3, 9007-12-9) capsaicin (404-86-4) desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6) dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) levodopa (59-92-7) lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9) mexiletine (31828-71-4, 5370-01-4) naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2) nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3) paracetamol (103-90-2) rofecoxib (162011-90-7, 186912-82-3) salsalate (552-94-3) sulindac (38194-50-2) tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001084430 MEDLINE PMID 11232736 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11232736) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 819 TITLE Have you got an attitude problem? Caring for illicit drug-using patients. AUTHOR NAMES Norman R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Norman R.) School of Nursing, University of Canberra. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Norman, School of Nursing, University of Canberra. SOURCE Contemporary nurse : a journal for the Australian nursing profession (2001) 10:1-2 (83-90). Date of Publication: Mar 2001 ISSN 1037-6178 ABSTRACT The use of illicit drugs in an environment of prohibition results in major health risks to the drug-using population. Substantial morbidity and mortality in this group is identified as a priority area for public health action. Undergraduate nursing programs prepare students to manage clinical emergencies resulting from drug use, to undertake health promotion activities in a harm minimization policy environment, and to provide appropriate community referral. It is a cause for concern, therefore, that a group of senior undergraduate nursing students express negative perceptions of a drug-using individual's personality and behaviour. It is imperative that undergraduate nurse educators find ways to challenge student attitudes from the first semester of their program. Nurses in the clinical setting must display professional values that emphasize the dignity and worth of all individuals. They have an opportunity to make a difference to the health outcomes of this marginalized group of health consumers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human nursing organization and management review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11855025 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11855025) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 820 TITLE Treating tobacco use and dependence. AUTHOR NAMES Goolsby M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goolsby M.J.) University Health Care System, Augusta, Georgia, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Goolsby, University Health Care System, Augusta, Georgia, USA. Email: mgoolsby@uh.org SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (2001) 13:3 (101-105). Date of Publication: Mar 2001 ISSN 1041-2972 ABSTRACT This month, the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) column reviews the recently published guideline, Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. This set of recommendations is available in a quick reference format and a more comprehensive clinician's guide that includes detailed information on the methodology and references used to develop the guidelines. Both are available in electronic and hard copy versions through a variety of sources, including the National Guidelines Clearinghouse, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Cancer Institute. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) motivation patient education practice guideline smoking cessation tobacco dependence (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS counseling drug therapy human nursing problem solving review social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11930579 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11930579) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 821 TITLE Prevention of smoking behaviors in middle school students: student nurse interventions. AUTHOR NAMES Miller M.P. Gillespie J. Billian A. Davel S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Miller M.P.; Gillespie J.; Billian A.; Davel S.) Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.P. Miller, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA. Email: marilyn@clemson.edu SOURCE Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) (2001) 18:2 (77-81). Date of Publication: 2001 Mar-Apr ISSN 0737-1209 ABSTRACT This article examines the use of the Tar Wars curriculum with the public health problem of preteen smoking and outlines interventions with a middle school population by community health student nurses from a state university. Smoking is the single most preventable cause of death and disability. Three million people die worldwide each year as a result of smoking. Cigarette smoking has now been labeled a pediatric disease. Estimates are that 3,000 children will begin a lifelong addiction to cigarettes every day. They will face a life of poor quality based on the medical consequences of smoking cigarettes. Mortality from tobacco use is annually greater than that from drug abuse, AIDS, suicide, homicide, and motor vehicle accidents combined. Preteen and teenage smoking is now a public health problem, therefore implications for service learning, nursing advocacy, and interventions with this health problem are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior health behavior school health nursing smoking (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article curriculum health care quality human male nursing student psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11285101 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11285101) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 822 TITLE The utilization of antidepressants in community-dwelling and institutionalized elderly - Results form a representative survey in Germany AUTHOR NAMES Riedel-Heller S.G. Matschinger H. Schork A. Angermeyer M.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Riedel-Heller S.G.; Matschinger H.; Schork A.; Angermeyer M.C.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 20, 04317 Leipzig, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.G. Riedel-Heller, Department of Psychiatry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 20, 04317 Leipzig, Germany. Email: ries@server3.medizin.uni-leipzig.de SOURCE Pharmacopsychiatry (2001) 34:1 (6-12). Date of Publication: 2001 ISSN 0176-3679 BOOK PUBLISHER Georg Thieme Verlag, Rudigerstrasse 14, Stuttgart, Germany. ABSTRACT Given its widespread occurrence and consequences, old-age depression has to be regarded as a major public health problem. Drug treatment has been proven effective in the majority of elderly individuals suffering from depression. This study presents pharmacoepidemiological data regarding the use of prescribed antidepressants and those purchased over the counter in the elderly. Furthermore, it links the data to simultaneously assessed depressive symptomatology. A representative survey on the utilization of prescription and over-the-counter antidepressant drugs and depressive symptomatology in community-dwelling (n = 1193) and institutionalized elderly individuals (n = 470) aged 75 and over was conducted in an urban region of Germany. Antidepressant use was found to be remarkably low (synthetic antidepressants: 2.2% of community dwelling individuals, 3.6% of institutionalized individuals; phytopharmaca containing hypericum perforatum: 4.2% of community dwelling individuals, 2.8% of institutionalized individuals). Two-thirds of the individuals treated with synthetic antidepressants received tri- and tetracyclic drugs, which were given at lower dosages than recommended for depression treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were introduced in community-dwelling individuals only; none of the individuals cared for in residential and nursing homes received SSRIs. Only a minority of individuals with depressive symptoms were treated with antidepressants. The data suggests underutilization of antidepressants in the elderly, in which institutionalized elderly seem especially disadvantaged. The results call for increased efforts to discuss mental health issues in the public and to share scientific knowledge about symptoms, course and treatment options for depression. Furthermore, geronto-psychiatric competence of medical professionals, especially GPs, has to be systematically developed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (drug dose, drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (drug therapy, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article community care drug use elderly care female Germany gerontopsychiatry health survey human institutional care major clinical study male pharmacoepidemiology prescription priority journal urban area EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001056129 MEDLINE PMID 11229623 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11229623) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-15186 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 823 TITLE The effects of the problem-based Alcohol Early-Intervention Education Package on the knowledge and attitudes of students of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Arthur D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arthur D.) Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Arthur, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2001) 40:2 (63-72). Date of Publication: Feb 2001 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT The profession of nursing is seeking to establish its unique professional identity by developing discipline-focused research and clinical practice supported by university education. However, according to refereed literature, educating undergraduate nurses in alcohol-related problems is lacking. The literature reveals that nurses in general lack the necessary knowledge, attitudes, and skills to work with problem drinkers. Alcohol early intervention is advocated as a strategy compatible with contemporary nursing practice. This paper reports a study that commenced with the development of a problem-based, five-week Alcohol Early Intervention Education Package (AEIEP). This package became an intervention around which the knowledge and attitudes of a sample of 212 students of nursing were evaluated. A comprehensive instrument was developed to measure the respondent's knowledge and attitude regarding alcohol-related problems in general and specifically in early intervention. The effects of the education intervention on the different strata of students, were examined in a quasi-experimental, pre-post test design. The findings demonstrated it had a significant effect on the knowledge and attitudes of students enrolled in an integrated bachelor of nursing curriculum. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) attitude to health continuing education health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student problem based learning EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study educational status factorial analysis female health care quality human male methodology nursing psychological aspect questionnaire time LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11214850 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11214850) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 824 TITLE Assessing the impact of a nurse-led health education intervention for people with peripheral vascular disease who smoke: the use of physiological markers, nicotine dependence and withdrawal. AUTHOR NAMES Galvin K. Webb C. Hillier V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Galvin K.; Webb C.; Hillier V.) Institute of Health & Community Studies, Bournemouth University, Royal London House, Christchurch Road, BH1 3ER, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Galvin, Institute of Health & Community Studies, Bournemouth University, Royal London House, Christchurch Road, BH1 3ER, UK. Email: kgalvin@bournemouth.ac.uk SOURCE International journal of nursing studies (2001) 38:1 (91-105). Date of Publication: Feb 2001 ISSN 0020-7489 ABSTRACT This study evaluated the impact of a nurse-led health education programme on the behaviour, nicotine dependence and nicotine withdrawal in patients who smoke and suffer from peripheral vascular disease, based in a large teaching hospital in the north of England. Smoking behaviour was measured by self report, end-expired carbon monoxide and urinary cotinine. Nicotine dependence and withdrawal were measured using a nicotine dependence scale and a nicotine withdrawal scale. The findings demonstrated that the programme did have some impact on behaviour. The study raised issues concerning the measurement of physiological markers for smoking as nursing outcomes. Issues about the measurement of nicotine dependence and withdrawal are highlighted. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS biological marker (drug analysis) carbon monoxide (drug analysis) cotinine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse patient education peripheral vascular disease (etiology) smoking (adverse drug reaction, prevention) smoking cessation tobacco dependence (complication, diagnosis, prevention) withdrawal syndrome (diagnosis, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article attitude to health breath analysis clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female follow up health care quality human male metabolism methodology middle aged nursing nursing evaluation research questionnaire randomized controlled trial standard treatment outcome urine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS carbon monoxide (630-08-0) cotinine (486-56-6) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11137727 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11137727) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 825 TITLE Medication management in primary and secondary schools. AUTHOR NAMES Reutzel T.J. Patel R. Myers M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reutzel T.J.; Patel R.; Myers M.A.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.J. Reutzel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA. Email: treutz@midwestern.edu SOURCE Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996) (2001) 41:1 (67-77). Date of Publication: 2001 Jan-Feb ISSN 1086-5802 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To summarize present knowledge about medication management in primary and secondary schools; to place this knowledge in its drug use and organizational contexts; and to provide a foundation for studying the problem and developing policy- and practice-level interventions aimed at alleviating it. To offer recommendations for practitioners, policy makers, and health professions educators aimed at improving the situation. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE database (1966-1998); International Pharmaceutical Abstracts database (1977-1998); complete Medscape full-text search; contents of the Journal of School Nursing and the Journal of School Health (1966-present). STUDY SELECTION: We reviewed 95% of all articles, books, and reports identified using the search terms elementary school, middle school, junior high school, high school, primary school, secondary school, school nurse, school health, and schoolchildren. DATA EXTRACTION: The literature on this topic includes background material describing the nature of the problem and its political and organizational context and implying its significance; summaries of regulations, guidelines, and recommendations regarding medication management in the schools; and empirical studies. Few articles address pharmacist involvement in medication management in schools. DATA SYNTHESIS: Although approaches to this important problem vary widely, a set of core medication management guidelines is identifiable. Formal research is sparse, but it shows that medication use is widespread in schools and carries significant therapeutic and safety consequences. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists and school nurses must cross professional borders if they wish to play a role in solving this important drug therapy problem. Pharmacists can provide therapeutic and contextual perspectives on the problem, while school nurses can implement solutions within the schools. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care policy pharmacy school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child human review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11216116 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11216116) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 826 TITLE Learning needs of nurses working in Canada's First Nations communities and hospitals. AUTHOR NAMES Silverman B.E. Goodine W.M. Ladouceur M.G. Quinn J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Silverman B.E.; Goodine W.M.; Ladouceur M.G.; Quinn J.) Office of Research and Intstitutional Effectiveness, Mt. San Antonio College, Walnut, California 91789, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.E. Silverman, Office of Research and Intstitutional Effectiveness, Mt. San Antonio College, Walnut, California 91789, USA. SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (2001) 32:1 (38-45). Date of Publication: 2001 Jan-Feb ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: What are the learning needs of nurses providing services to Canada's First Nations Communities and Hospitals? First Nations (or Indian Band) are similar to communities except some comprise more than one geographic Native community. Aboriginal (or Native) individuals are members of the North American Indian, Inuit, or Métis peoples of Canada; those who reported being a Treaty or Registered Indian (with the Federal Government); or those who are members of an Indian Band/First Nation. METHOD: A Canada-wide survey was completed to determine the learning needs of nurses working with Canada's Aboriginal persons. RESULTS: Nurses indicated both broad and specific aspects of their clinical practice, which were important to their continuing education (CE) needs. Broad thematic areas for continuing education included the following: emergency/acute care and obstetrics/gynecology clinical skills, health and physical assessment, mental health, and prenatal and postnatal care. Specific areas nurses cited for CE included issues related to: victims of violence; non-compliant clients; substance abuse; and fetal alcohol syndrome. CONCLUSION: This study examined the learning needs of nurses working with Canada's Native people and provided a basis for comparing and contrasting CE issues of these nurses to other nurses working in remote locations around the world. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American Indian in service training needs assessment nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article curriculum education female health care planning human male methodology organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire standard teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11868711 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11868711) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 827 TITLE Discovering a role for nurses in an addictions treatment facility for women and their children. AUTHOR NAMES Blazer L.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blazer L.K.) Lancaster Institute for Health Education, School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.K. Blazer, Lancaster Institute for Health Education, School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (2000) 39:9 (415-417). Date of Publication: Dec 2000 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) community health nursing drug dependence treatment health center nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child child parent relation education empathy female human human relation methodology nursing self care United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11138748 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11138748) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 828 TITLE Gender influence and major determinants of tobacco addiction among health science students in Lara State, Venezuela AUTHOR NAMES Flores-Finizola A. Granero R. Linfa-Homes G. Benitez E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Flores-Finizola A.; Granero R.; Linfa-Homes G.; Benitez E.) ASCARDIO, Apartado de Correos 495, Barquisimeto, Venezuela. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Granero, ASCARDIO, Apartado de Correos 495, Barquisimeto, Venezuela. Email: jgranero@telcel.net.ve SOURCE CVD Prevention (2000) 3:1 (59-63). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 1095-4155 ABSTRACT Background. We report on a survey designed to study smoking habits, attitudes, and knowledge about smoking of Lara State, Venezuela, medical and nursing students. Methods. A 62-item, self-administered questionnaire was structured to explore factors that influence behavior: biology and personality, cultural environment, and social context. Results. Data were collected on 1056 students (67% of the universe). Cigarette smoking prevalence was 10.8% (18.5% in males and 10% in females). There was no difference between current smokers (CSM) and nonsmokers (Non-SM) concerning knowledge about health consequences of smoking (both > 85%). The odds ratios of being current smoker (ORs-CSM) given a "true" positive response to selected statements were analyzed. Students who think that smoking is relaxing have an OR-CSM of 159 males and 86 females. Feeling pleasure, increasing self-confidence and sexual satisfaction present ORs-CSM from 3 to 68. Peer pressure or need for group acceptance has ORs-CSM from 9 to 25; family modeling ORs-CSM are around 2; having a relationship with a CSM, OR-CSM 5. Having a current partner who dislikes having a smoker partner is protective (OR-CSM, 0.2 male, 0.3 female). Conclusions. Health promotion programs should be tailored according to the particular reality of Latin-American medical schools. Data from this study will facilitate the development of appropriate, gender-sensitive interventions to help medical students to remain nonsmokers or to quit smoking and, thereafter, to be able to fulfill their expected role modeling within their community. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) tobacco dependence (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude female gender health promotion human major clinical study male medical personnel medical student personality prevalence smoking cessation smoking habit social environment Venezuela EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001033528 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 829 TITLE Perceptions of problems in people hospitalized for bipolar disorder: implications for patient education. AUTHOR NAMES Pollack L.E. Cramer R.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pollack L.E.; Cramer R.D.) School of Nursing, University of Texas-Houston (UT-H) Health Science Center and UT-H Harris County Psychiatric Center, 1100 Holcombe Boulevard, 5.540, Houston, TX 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.E. Pollack, School of Nursing, University of Texas-Houston (UT-H) Health Science Center and UT-H Harris County Psychiatric Center, 1100 Holcombe Boulevard, 5.540, Houston, TX 77030, USA. SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (2000) 21:8 (765-778). Date of Publication: Dec 2000 ISSN 0161-2840 ABSTRACT This study explored the perceptions of people hospitalized for bipolar disorder in regard to their difficulties in functioning and the most important problem with which they would like the hospital's help. One-hundred-twenty-two patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder completed the Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-32) at the beginning of their hospitalization. The relationships between subjective distress (measured by the BASIS-32 scores) and background characteristics were examined. In addition, participants' perceptions of their most important problems were coded as (1) psychiatric problems, (2) social or physical problems, or (3) no problems, and examined with respect to background characteristics. Race, admission status, and a secondary diagnosis of a substance use disorder were significantly related to overall subjective distress; a substance use disorder diagnosis was significantly related to all five BASIS subscale scores. No background variable was significantly related to the problems with which participants reported wanting the hospital's help, although admission status and race were of borderline significance. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior bipolar disorder (therapy) daily life activity hospital patient mental patient needs assessment patient attitude patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female hospitalization human male methodology middle aged nursing methodology research psychiatric diagnosis psychological aspect psychological rating scale questionnaire role playing self concept social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11854981 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854981) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 830 TITLE Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly AUTHOR NAMES Marrie T.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marrie T.J.) 2F130 WMC, 8440 112 St., Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2B7, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.J. Marrie, 2F130 WMC, 8440 112 St., Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2B7, Canada. Email: tom.marrie@ualberta.ca SOURCE Clinical Infectious Diseases (2000) 31:4 (1066-1078). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 1058-4838 BOOK PUBLISHER University of Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT Pneumonia in the elderly is a common and serious problem with a clinical presentation that can differ from that in younger patients. Older patients with pneumonia complain of significantly fewer symptoms than do younger patients, and delirium commonly occurs. Indeed, delirium may be the only manifestation of pneumonia in this group of patients. Alcoholism, asthma, immunosuppression, and age >70 years are risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. Among nursing home residents, the following are risk factors for pneumonia: Advanced age, male sex, difficulty in swallowing, inability to take oral medications, profound disability, bedridden state, and urinary incontinence. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of pneumonia among the elderly. Aspiration pneumonia is underdiagnosed in this group of patients, and tuberculosis always should be considered. In this population an etiologic diagnosis is rarely available when antimicrobial therapy must be instituted. Use of the guidelines for treatment of pneumonia issued by the Infectious Diseases Society of America, with modification for treatment in the nursing home setting, is recommended. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (drug therapy, oral drug administration) azithromycin (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) cefotaxime (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) ceftriaxone (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) cefuroxime (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) clarithromycin (drug therapy, oral drug administration) doxycycline (drug therapy, oral drug administration) erythromycin (drug therapy, oral drug administration) gatifloxacin (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) levofloxacin (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) macrolide (drug therapy, oral drug administration) moxifloxacin (drug therapy, oral drug administration) quinoline derived antiinfective agent (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration) sparfloxacin (drug therapy, oral drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) elderly care pneumonia (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcoholism antibiotic therapy article aspiration pneumonia asthma clinical feature delirium disability disease association dysphagia female human immunosuppressive treatment male nursing home practice guideline priority journal risk factor sex difference Streptococcus pneumoniae tuberculosis urine incontinence CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (74469-00-4, 79198-29-1) azithromycin (83905-01-5) cefotaxime (63527-52-6, 64485-93-4) ceftriaxone (73384-59-5, 74578-69-1) cefuroxime (55268-75-2, 56238-63-2) clarithromycin (81103-11-9) doxycycline (10592-13-9, 17086-28-1, 564-25-0) erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4) gatifloxacin (112811-59-3, 180200-66-2) levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0) moxifloxacin (151096-09-2) sparfloxacin (111542-93-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001143525 MEDLINE PMID 11049791 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11049791) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/318124 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 831 TITLE Heart failure in old age - Investigation and treatment AUTHOR NAMES Jay R.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jay R.H.) Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.H. Jay, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, United Kingdom. SOURCE CME Bulletin Geriatric Medicine (2000) 2:3 (95-99). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 1367-8914 ABSTRACT Heart failure common in old age, frequently causes hospital admission, and carries a poor prognosis. This article describes the nature of heart failure, and a systematic approach to diagnosis, investigation of the underlying cause and treatment. Randomised controlled trials of drugs inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, digoxin and beta adrenergic antagonists in patients with left ventricular systolic function are outlined. Practical approaches to the management of heart failure due to atrial fibrillation and aortic stenosis are described and drug-related problems are discussed. Evidence is given in support of the use of nurse practitioners to educate patients and monitor treatment. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS aldosterone (adverse drug reaction, endogenous compound) aminophylline (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) amiodarone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) antiarrhythmic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) anticoagulant agent (drug therapy) beta 2 adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology) bisoprolol (drug combination, drug therapy) calcium antagonist (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) captopril (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy) cardiac agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) carvedilol (drug combination, drug therapy) diamorphine (drug therapy) digoxin (drug therapy, pharmacology) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology) diuretic agent (drug combination, drug therapy) enalapril (drug therapy) flecainide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) hydralazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) inotropic agent (drug therapy) lisinopril (drug dose, drug therapy) loop diuretic agent (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) losartan (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy) metoprolol (drug combination, drug therapy) nitrate (adverse drug reaction, buccal drug administration, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration) propafenone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) ramipril (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) sotalol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology) spironolactone (drug combination, drug therapy) unindexed drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heart failure (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aging aorta stenosis (complication) atrial fibrillation (complication) dose response drug mechanism electrocardiogram faintness (side effect) health care management human hypotension patient education patient monitoring population risk prognosis reflex disorder (side effect) renin angiotensin aldosterone system review systolic blood pressure treatment outcome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS aldosterone (52-39-1, 6251-69-0) aminophylline (317-34-0) amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2) bisoprolol (66722-44-9) captopril (62571-86-2) carvedilol (72956-09-3) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) enalapril (75847-73-3) flecainide (54143-55-4) hydralazine (304-20-1, 86-54-4) lisinopril (76547-98-3, 83915-83-7) losartan (114798-26-4) metoprolol (37350-58-6) nitrate (14797-55-8) propafenone (34183-22-7, 54063-53-5) ramipril (87333-19-5) sotalol (3930-20-9, 80456-07-1, 959-24-0) spironolactone (52-01-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Drug Literature Index (37) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2001007708 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 832 TITLE Nursing activities in the treatment of alcoholics in the community and mental health facilities AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) Div. of Nursing School of Education, New York University, New York, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, Div. of Nursing School of Education, New York University, New York, NY, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism (2000) 36:1 (61-71). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0002-502X ABSTRACT Nurses can identify alcohol related problems in early stages of development as well as the existing problems with alcohol use through secondary prevention efforts, using observation of patient, taking history and using the screening instruments such as the CAGE, T-ACE or AUDIT. They can also counsel patients about the effects of alcohol use and about the required behavioral changes. Nurses should provide help in detecting, treating and counselling the patients in the acute phases of alcoholism, as well as during the withdrawal period and throughout some specialized healthcare procedures for alcoholics, such as Disulfiram therapy. Help can be provided by themselves, or the patients can be referred to other healthcare providers (physicians, agencies). By combining knowledge about the nature of addiction and the basic nursing knowledge, nurses can maximize the benefit of teaching, counselling and nursing care opportunities. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS disulfiram (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, drug therapy, prevention) nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abstinence alcohol consumption alcohol withdrawal anamnesis article behavior disorder (complication) community mental health center diagnostic test human nurse observation patient counseling patient education patient referral questionnaire screening CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS disulfiram (97-77-8) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Serbian EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000364438 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 833 TITLE Tobacco smoking habits, attitudes and beliefs among nurse and medical students in Tuscany AUTHOR NAMES Melani A.S. Verponziani W. Boccoli E. Trianni G.L. Federici A. Amerini R. Vichi M.G. Sestini P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Melani A.S.; Verponziani W.; Boccoli E.; Trianni G.L.; Federici A.; Amerini R.; Vichi M.G.; Sestini P.) Anti-smoking Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, France. (Melani A.S.) Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, France. (Verponziani W.) Scuola per Infermieri Professionali e, France. (Amerini R.; Vichi M.G.; Sestini P.) Istituto di Malattie Respiratorie, UniversitaÀ di Siena, France. (Boccoli E.; Trianni G.L.) Direzione Sanitaria e, France. (Federici A.) Scuola per Infermieri Professionali, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, France. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.S. Melani, U.O. Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, Policlinico delle Scotte, Viale Bracci 3, 53100 Siena, Italy. Email: a.melani@ao-siena.toscana.it SOURCE European Journal of Epidemiology (2000) 16:7 (607-611). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0393-2990 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT In this study we evaluated the smoking habits, beliefs and attitudes of nurse and medical students at the University of Siena and Florence, Italy. Students who entered the 1st year of school in 1998 were asked to complete a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Two hundred medical students completed the questionnaire; they had a mean age (±SD) of 19.8 ± 1.7 years and 68% were females. A total of 205 nurse respondents answered to the questionnaire; they had a mean age of 21.8 ± 4.1 years and females were 83% of the total. The overall response rate among students always remained higher than 85%. Thirty per cent of medical students were current smokers, and 5% former-smokers. A total of 43% of nurse students were current smokers and 11.5% former-smokers. Nurse students were more likely to smoke than medical students (p = 0.001). Among current smokers, the number of daily cigarettes smoked and the degree of nicotine addiction did not differ between groups. The prevalence of maternal smoking were higher among nurse students. In spite of students' beliefs the knowledge about smoking remained generic in both groups. Nurse students were less aware than medical students of their special responsibility towards people about tobacco smoking. Such a difference remained significant also after adjustment for smoking status (p < 0.01). Students overestimated the prevalence of current smokers among health caregivers of the local hospitals, and Italian people and adolescents. Targeted and continuous training about smoking prevention should be mandatory in Italian medical and nurse schools. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS nicotine (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking smoking habit tobacco (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude caregiver female health education human Italy male medical student mother nurse questionnaire tobacco dependence CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000380583 MEDLINE PMID 11078116 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11078116) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007697126844 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 834 TITLE Prescribing potentially inappropriate psychotropic medications to the ambulatory elderly AUTHOR NAMES Mort J.R. Aparasu R.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mort J.R., Jane_Mort@sdstate.edu; Aparasu R.R.) College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, 1011 11th St, Rapid City, SD 57701, United States. (Mort J.R., Jane_Mort@sdstate.edu) College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.R. Mort, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, 1011 11th St, Rapid City, SD 57701, United States. SOURCE Archives of Internal Medicine (2000) 160:18 (2825-2831). Date of Publication: 9 Oct 2000 ISSN 0003-9926 BOOK PUBLISHER American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Psychotropic agents account for 23% to 51% of all inappropriate medications prescribed based on 1991 inappropriate medication criteria for nursing home residents. The criteria were revised to apply to all people older than 65 years. This study used the revised criteria in ambulatory settings to quantify potentially inappropriate prescription of psychotropic agents and identify associated characteristics. Methods: The 1996 public use data files of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were analyzed for inappropriate prescription of psychotropic medications for the elderly in office-based settings and outpatient departments. Disease-independent and disease-dependent criteria were analyzed. Results: Elderly patients were prescribed a psychotropic agent in 8.7% of all visits, antidepressant and antianxiety agents being the most frequently prescribed medications. Commonly, elderly patients receiving psychotropic agents were female, white, aged between 65 and 74 years, and received health care in a metropolitan area. Potentially inappropriate psychotropic agents were prescribed in 27.2% of all visits involving a psychotropic agent for the elderly. Disease-independent criteria (eg, anti-depressant agents and long-acting benzodiazepines) accounted for most of the potentially inappropriate prescriptions. Factors positively associated with potentially inappropriate prescriptions included older age, 'seen before' status, and antidepressant drug class, while enrollment in Medicaid, antipsychotic drug class, living in the Northeast region, and receiving health care in a metropolitan area were negatively associated. Conclusions: Potentially inappropriate prescription of psychotropic agents is very common for the elderly patient in the ambulatory setting. By focusing on the agents most frequently involved (eg, amitriptyline and long-acting benzodiazepines), provider characteristics (eg, location), and patient characteristics (eg, age), the greatest impact on potentially inappropriate prescribing can be achieved. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alprazolam (drug therapy) amfebutamone (drug therapy) amitriptyline (drug therapy) amobarbital (drug therapy) amoxapine (drug therapy) antidepressant agent (drug therapy) benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy) buspirone (drug therapy) chloral hydrate (drug therapy) chlormezanone (drug therapy) clorazepate (drug therapy) desipramine (drug therapy) diazepam (drug therapy) doxepin (drug therapy) droperidol (drug therapy) estazolam (drug therapy) fluoxetine (drug therapy) fluvoxamine (drug therapy) halazepam (drug therapy) lorazepam (drug therapy) maprotiline (drug therapy) meprobamate (drug therapy) oxazepam (drug therapy) paroxetine (drug therapy) prazepam (drug therapy) secbutabarbital (drug therapy) sertraline (drug therapy) trazodone (drug therapy) unindexed drug venlafaxine (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (drug therapy) mental disease (drug therapy) psychopharmacotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged ambulatory care anxiety article controlled study drug abuse elderly care health care delivery human major clinical study nursing home prescription priority journal risk factor CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alprazolam (28981-97-7) amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) amobarbital (57-43-2, 64-43-7) amoxapine (14028-44-5) buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7) chloral hydrate (302-17-0) chlormezanone (80-77-3) clorazepate (20432-69-3, 23887-31-2) desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6) diazepam (439-14-5) doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5) droperidol (548-73-2) estazolam (29975-16-4) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) fluvoxamine (54739-18-3) halazepam (23092-17-3) lorazepam (846-49-1) maprotiline (10262-69-8, 10347-81-6) meprobamate (57-53-4) oxazepam (604-75-1) paroxetine (61869-08-7) prazepam (2955-38-6) secbutabarbital (125-40-6, 143-81-7) sertraline (79617-96-2) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000350476 MEDLINE PMID 11025793 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11025793) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 835 TITLE Shaken baby syndrome AUTHOR NAMES Fulton D.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fulton D.R.) Emergency Center, University Hospital, San Antonio, TX, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.R. Fulton, Emergency Center, University Hospital, San Antonio, TX, United States. SOURCE Critical Care Nursing Quarterly (2000) 23:2 (43-50). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0887-9303 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, United States. ABSTRACT 'Shaken baby syndrome' (SBS) results in intracranial and intraocular hemorrhages with no evidence of external trauma. The cause of these injuries is vigorous shaking of an infant being held by the chest, shoulders, or extremities. A significant number of cases of head trauma in infants and young children are a direct result of SBS. In extreme cases, SBS may result in death. Many cases of SBS go unidentified because of the absence of external injuries, no witnesses to the event, and the failure of the abuser to admit his or her actions. Because of the numbers of children affected and the difficulty in detecting SBS, it is essential that critical care nurses who care for children be aware of SBS as a potentially lethal form of abuse. This article educates nurses about the signs and symptoms of SBS in an attempt to foster early recognition and interventions in cases of SBS to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with the syndrome. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) battered child syndrome (diagnosis, epidemiology, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accident brain hemorrhage (etiology) child abuse (diagnosis, etiology) clinical feature computer assisted tomography head injury (etiology) human infant intensive care intraocular hemorrhage (etiology) lumbar puncture nuclear magnetic resonance imaging nursing ophthalmology parental behavior preschool child radiodiagnosis review risk factor social environment substance abuse whiplash injury (etiology) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000312310 MEDLINE PMID 11853026 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11853026) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 836 TITLE Smoking patterns, health behaviors, and health-risk behaviors of college women. AUTHOR NAMES Kelley F.J. Thomas S.A. Friedmann E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelley F.J.; Thomas S.A.; Friedmann E.) Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC 20057-1107, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.J. Kelley, Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC 20057-1107, USA. Email: kelleyj@gunet.georgetown.edu SOURCE Clinical excellence for nurse practitioners : the international journal of NPACE (2000) 4:5 (302-308). Date of Publication: Sep 2000 ISSN 1085-2360 ABSTRACT In 1993, 22% of college women smoked; in 1997, the rate increased to 29%. College-age women (<24 years) showed the greatest increase in smoking. The purpose of this study is to describe smoking behaviors of college women. The sample included 21 college-age female smokers. Each woman was interviewed about smoking habits and completed a health survey, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, a Self-Efficacy Scale for predicting smoking relapse, a Decisional Balance Scale for smoking, a readiness for change tool, and the Derogatis Stress Profile. The majority of the students began smoking at the age of 14 years or younger and smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes per day. The biggest obstacles to quitting were being around other smokers and social activities involving alcohol. These students did not smoke when ill and were interested in quitting smoking. Smoking frequency correlated significantly with dependency and stage of change. Advanced practice nurses have a unique opportunity to identify these young smokers, educate them about smoking-cessation options, and offer specific strategies to help these women stop smoking. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) female health behavior high risk behavior smoking (epidemiology) student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article attitude to health education health survey human leisure nurse practitioner patient education psychological aspect questionnaire self concept smoking cessation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11858452 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11858452) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 837 TITLE Prevalence and characteristics of sexual abuse in a national sample of Swedish seventeen-year-old boys and girls AUTHOR NAMES Edgardh K. Ormstad K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Edgardh K.; Ormstad K.) Department of Venhalsan, Soder Hospital, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Edgardh, Department of Venhalsan, Soder Hospital, SE-118 83 Stockholm, Sweden. SOURCE Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics (2000) 89:3 (310-319). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0803-5253 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The aims of this study, which was part of a survey on adolescent sexual behaviour, were to investigate adolescents' experience of child sexual abuse and to present possible abuse-related problems. Representative samples of 2% of Sweden's 17-y-old male and female students and school non-attenders were selected in a two-step procedure. In all, 1943 students and 210 school non-attenders answered a self-administered anonymous questionnaire, distributed by school nurses. Six out of 170 questions dealt with personal experiences of child sexual abuse, i.e. age at onset, frequency of abuse and relationship to the offender. Peer abuse was excluded by the definitions used. The overall response rate was 92.2% for students and 44.2% for school dropouts. Among male and female students, 3.1% and 11.2%, respectively, acknowledged sexual abuse, 2.3% and 7.1%, respectively, when exhibitionism was excluded. Mean age at onset was 9.1 y (SD 4.3) for boys and 9.0 y (SD 3.9) for girls; 1.2% of the boys and 3.1% of the girls reported abusive oral, vaginal and/or anal intercourse. Suicide attempts or other acts of self-harm were reported by 33.3% of the male students reporting abuse and by 5.1% (p < 0.001) of those who had not been abused, and by 30.4% of the abused student girls compared to 9.1% of the non-abused (p < 0.001). Sleep and eating disorders, use of alcohol at an early age and/or experimentation with illicit drugs and consensual coitarche before age 15 y was reported significantly more often by abused than non-abused girls (p < 0.001, differences not found among the student boys). Of School non-attenders, 4% of the boys and 28% of the girls reported sexual abuse. Of the abused girls, 49% reported abusive vaginal intercourse and 64% reported self-destructive behaviour or suicide attempts. No abused boys and few abused girls had confided in a teacher, health professional or social worker. Results from the student sample should be interpreted as markers of 'minimum prevalence', as female school non-attenders report significantly higher prevalence of sexual abuse. Potential high-risk groups are better included in prevalence investigations of child sexual abuse. The fact that so few adolescents confided in 'professionals' about the abuse, despite having severe symptoms and signs of distress, underlines the need to address sexual abuse when recording the social, medical and psychiatric histories of adolescents. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prevalence sexual abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article female health survey human major clinical study male onset age priority journal sexual behavior suicide Sweden EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000286059 MEDLINE PMID 10772279 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772279) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 838 TITLE Skin irritation and dryness associated with two hand-hygiene regimens: Soap-and-water hand washing versus hand antisepsis with an alcoholic hand gel AUTHOR NAMES Boyce J.M. Kelliher S. Vallande N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boyce J.M.; Kelliher S.; Vallande N.) Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States. (Boyce J.M.) Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. (Boyce J.M.) Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Saint Raphael, 1450 Chapel St., New Haven, CT 06511, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Boyce, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Saint Raphael, 1450 Chapel St, New Haven, CT 06511, United States. SOURCE Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology (2000) 21:7 (442-448). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0899-823X BOOK PUBLISHER University of Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare the frequency of skin irritation and dryness associated with using an alcoholic-hand-gel regimen for hand antisepsis versus using soap and water for hand washing. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial with crossover design. Irritation and dryness of nurses' hands were evaluated by self-assessment and by visual assessment by a study nurse. Epidermal water content of the dorsal surface of nurses' hands was estimated by measuring electrical capacitance of the skin. SETTING: Miriam Hospital, a 200-bed university-affiliated teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two nurses working on three hospital wards participated in the trial, which lasted 6 weeks. RESULTS: Self-assessment scores of skin irritation and dryness decreased slightly during the 2 weeks when nurses used the alcoholic-hand-gel regimen (mean baseline score, 2.72; mean final score, 2.0; P=.08) but increased substantially during the 2 weeks when nurses used soap and water (mean baseline score, 2.0; mean final score, 4.8; P<.0001). Visual assessment scores by the study nurse of skin irritation and dryness did not change significantly when the alcoholic-hand-gel regimen was used (mean baseline and final scores were both 0.55), but scores increased substantially when nurses used soap and water (baseline score, 0.59; mean final score, 1.21; P=.05). Epidermal water content of the dorsal surface of nurses' hands changed little when the alcoholic-hand-gel regimen was used (mean±standard deviation baseline electrical capacitance reading, 24.8±6.8; mean final reading, 25.7±7.3), but decreased significantly (skin became dryer) with soap-and-water hand washing (mean baseline, 25.9±7.5; mean final reading, 20.5±5.4; P=.0003). CONCLUSIONS: Hand antisepsis with an alcoholic-hand-gel regimen was well tolerated and did not result in skin irritation and dryness of nurses' hands. In contrast, skin irritation and dryness increased significantly when nurses washed their hands with the unmedicated soap product available in the hospital. Newer alcoholic hand gels that are tolerated better than soap may be more acceptable to staff and may lead to improved hand-hygiene practices. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol soap water EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antisepsis dry skin (diagnosis, etiology) hand washing hygiene skin irritation (diagnosis, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article atopic dermatitis (diagnosis, etiology, prevention) clinical practice clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study crossover procedure disease association human human experiment nurse population research prospective study randomized controlled trial self evaluation teaching hospital water content CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) water (7732-18-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000281979 MEDLINE PMID 10926393 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10926393) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 839 TITLE Students whose application to the nursing register is not supported. AUTHOR NAMES Castledine G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Castledine G.) University of Central England, Birmingham, and Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Castledine, University of Central England, Birmingham, and Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust. SOURCE British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing) (2000) 9:15 (965). Date of Publication: 2000 Aug 10-Sep 13 ISSN 0966-0461 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction licensing malpractice nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human legal aspect United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11276643 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11276643) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 840 TITLE The Ottawa Charter--from nursing theory to practice: insights from the area of alcohol and other drugs. AUTHOR NAMES Smith M. Cusack L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith M.; Cusack L.) University of South Australia, Division of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Smith, University of South Australia, Division of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Email: morgan.smith@unisa.ed.au SOURCE International journal of nursing practice (2000) 6:4 (168-173). Date of Publication: Aug 2000 ISSN 1322-7114 ABSTRACT This article aims to assist nursing services to use the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice. Incorporation of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion into a nursing structure constitutes an innovation in nursing practice that was evaluated as a quality improvement exercise in a health-care organization responsible for providing services in the area of alcohol and other drugs. The evaluation consisted of two stages and sought to identify the degree to which the framework was effective in practice. This involved identifying issues surrounding the implementation of the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice as well as identifying the means by which quality improvements could occur. The evaluation involved an initial questionnaire to all nursing staff, followed by a series of focus groups. The data collected was both informative and enlightening and revealed a range of pertinent issues such as staff understanding and interpretation of the Ottawa Charter, expansion of the nurse's role and suggestions for organizational change. The Ottawa Charter strategies are discussed in relation to their relevance to the organization under evaluation and also expanded into recommendations to assist those contemplating using the Ottawa Charter as a framework for nursing practice. There was considerable agreement among the respondents that the Ottawa Charter provided a useful framework for nursing practice but was on occasions problematic. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion model nursing care nursing theory total quality management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia Canada evaluation study health care quality health personnel attitude human information processing nursing nursing methodology research nursing staff organization and management psychological aspect questionnaire work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11261045 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11261045) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 841 TITLE Training of general practitioners and other primary health care professionals as part of a community project in a district of Florence, Italy AUTHOR NAMES Allamani A. Centurioni A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Allamani A.; Centurioni A.) Centro Alcologico Integrato, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, Dipartimento delle Dipendenze, Florence, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Allamani, Centro Alcologico Integrato, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, Dipartimento delle Dipendenze, Florence, Italy. SOURCE Alcologia (2000) 12:1 (31-36). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0394-9826 ABSTRACT One 3-day alcohol educational course for 28 general practitioners was held in 1994-1995 over a period of 12 months, and another 11-day course for 24 other health professionals (community nurses, dieticians, health educators, social worker, emergency room nurses and physicians, toxicology unit personnel) was conducted in 1995-1996. Both courses were components of a broader community action program intervening in a district of 17,000 inhabitants in the northwest area in the city of Florence. The aim of both courses was to enable participants to identify the prevalence of high-risk drinkers and alcohol-related harm among their clients, and to become acquainted with their own educational tasks when facing patients and their families. The clearest outcome of both courses was the greater ability of participants to identify high-risk drinkers. Unless teachers pay special attention to this issue, however, the idea of high-risk drinking is however easily overshadowed by the pervasive concept of alcoholism. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) medical education primary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse article community care general practitioner health education high risk population human Italy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000245010 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 842 TITLE Increasing smoking cessation counseling by advanced practice nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Montagna R.A. Hupcey J.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Montagna R.A.; Hupcey J.E.) Lebanon Valley Family Medicine, Palmyra. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.A. Montagna, Lebanon Valley Family Medicine, Palmyra. SOURCE Clinical excellence for nurse practitioners : the international journal of NPACE (2000) 4:4 (224-230). Date of Publication: Jul 2000 ISSN 1085-2360 ABSTRACT The magnitude of individual and societal problems caused by tobacco use mandates that all primary care providers identify and advise smokers to quit. However, this topic has received little attention in the nurse practitioner literature. The purpose of this project is to identify effective methods by which advanced practice nurses can increase the identification and counseling of smokers by reviewing research on this topic. The articles for review were obtained through a computerized literature search and a review of related reference lists. The articles were analyzed and categorized into three groups: office-wide interventions to increase provider identification and counseling of smokers, smoking cessation training programs for providers, and studies using the stages of change theory. Provider smoking cessation programs and office-wide reminders increased the identification and counseling of patients who smoke. The stages of change theory helped explain the steps smokers must progress through to cease smoking. Interventions appropriate for various stages in the cessation process are suggested. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling nurse practitioner patient education primary health care smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS ambulatory care attitude to health education health personnel attitude human in service training methodology nursing education psychological aspect psychological theory review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11261083 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11261083) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 843 TITLE Knowledge of, and attitude to, prescribed medications of patients with frequent headaches AUTHOR NAMES Bray M. Ghose K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bray M.) Nursing and Midwifery Department, Otago Polytechnic, Dunedin, New Zealand. (Ghose K.) Clinical Pharmacology and Physician, Department of Pharmacology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. (Ghose K.) University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Ghose, University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand. SOURCE Headache Quarterly (2000) 11:1 (37-40). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 1059-7565 ABSTRACT Background: Patients with frequent headaches usually take intermittent and/or prophylactic medication. Analgesic overuse and poor compliance are commonly observed in them. Objective: We, therefore, decided to assess the patients' knowledge of, and attitude to, prescribed medications Design:A postal survey was performed using a published questionnaire. Setting: Patients referred to a public hospital headache clinic were studied. Patient selection: Ninety-six patients with frequent headaches were randomly selected. Data analysis: Data were analyzed by using the SPSS program. Results: Fifty-five percent of those receiving questionnaires responded. They were aged 20 to 69 and 74 percent were female. Seventy-eight percent of the respondents took a prescribed medication in the previous month and 74 percent were taking a prophylactic agent for over one month. Fifty-seven percent were aware of the side effects of their medications. However, 49 percent of respondents felt that the health professionals did not provide enough information and 88 percent agreed that an information leaflet would be helpful. Sixteen percent of respondents kept their unused medications. Four percent allowed others to take their medications, but only 2 percent took medications prescribed for others. Conclusions: Patients with frequent headaches had better knowledge of their medications than other members of the community and a group of nursing students. However, their attitudes to medications were similar to others. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) headache (drug therapy) patient attitude patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged analgesic agent abuse article clinical trial controlled study drug induced disease (side effect) drug storage female human major clinical study male patient compliance prescription priority journal questionnaire randomized controlled trial EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000191518 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 844 TITLE Post-operative management of pain following major abdominal and thoracic operations. AUTHOR NAMES Ocitti E.F. Adwok J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ocitti E.F.; Adwok J.A.) Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676, Nairobi, Kenya. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.F. Ocitti, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676, Nairobi, Kenya. SOURCE East African medical journal (2000) 77:6 (299-302). Date of Publication: Jun 2000 ISSN 0012-835X ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To study the common methods of analgesia and their effectiveness in post-operative patients and to assess the occurrence of common post-operative complications related to pain. DESIGN: A prospective descriptive study. SETTINGS: Three general surgical wards and one cardiothoracic ward at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, between 1st September 1996 and 30th November 1996. PATIENTS: One hundred and six adult patients admitted in the hospital for thoracotomy and/or laparotomy over a period of three months. RESULTS: Overall, 60% of the patients did not achieve adequate pain relief during the first 72 hours after surgery. Age, sex, weight, drug and type of operation did not influence pain score significantly. All but two patients were not prepared psychologically about expectations after surgery. Over ninety seven per cent received pethidine while 2.8% had morphine. The drugs were prescribed and administered with too little attention to the patient' s response and too much concern about adverse effects and narcotic addiction. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the standard of post-operative pain relief is poor. Patients need to be told more about what to expect (and demand). The medical and nursing staff need further education in how to prescribe and administer analgesia with reference to individual drug response. Other more effective methods of pain control should be introduced. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) laparotomy postoperative pain (drug therapy) thoracotomy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article female human male middle aged prospective study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12858927 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12858927) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 845 TITLE Drug-related problems in hospitalised patients AUTHOR NAMES Van Den Bemt P.M.L.A. Egberts T.C.G. De Jong-Van Den Berg L.T.W. Brouwers J.R.B.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Van Den Bemt P.M.L.A., bemtp@mcz-nw.znb.nl) Hosp. Pharm. Medisch Ctr. Leeuwarden, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, De Tjongerschans Hospital, Heerenveen, Netherlands. (Egberts T.C.G.) Hospital Pharmacy Midden-Brabant, Tilburg, Netherlands. (De Jong-Van Den Berg L.T.W.) Dept. of Pharmacoepidemiology and P., Utrecht Inst. for Pharmaceutical S., University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. (Brouwers J.R.B.J.) Dept. of Social Pharm. and P., Groningen Univ. Inst. for Drug E., University Centre for Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands. (Brouwers J.R.B.J.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, De Tjongerschans Hospital, Heerenveen, Netherlands. (Van Den Bemt P.M.L.A., bemtp@mcz-nw.znb.nl) Universitair Centrum voor Farmacie, Afd. Sociale Farmacie en F., Ant. Deusinglaan 2, 9713 AW Groningen, Netherlands. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.M.L.A. Van den Bemt, Universitair Centrum voor Farmacie, Afd. Sociale Farm. Farmacoepidemiol., Ant. Deusinglaan 2, 9713 AW Groningen, Netherlands. Email: bemtp@mcz-nw.znb.nl SOURCE Drug Safety (2000) 22:4 (321-333). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0114-5916 BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Drug-related problems include medication errors (involving an error in the process of prescribing, dispensing, or administering a drug, whether there are adverse consequences or not) and adverse drug reactions (any response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease, or for the modification of physiological function). Furthermore, adverse drug events can be defined as an injury - whether or not causally-related to the use of a drug. Drug-related problems are relatively common in hospitalised patients and can result in patient morbidity and mortality, and increased costs. In order to get an overview of studies on drug-related problems in hospitalised patients, with specific attention to the incidence of drug-related problems and their costs, to the possibilities of prevention and to the effect of these interventions, we performed a literature search. Incidences of medication errors reported in studies vary widely. The range of reported incidences of adverse drug reactions is even wider. These wide ranges can be largely explained by the different study methods and definitions used. Problems related to drug therapy may be averted by preventive interventions. Several possibilities for prevention exist, especially for the prevention of medication errors. Prescribing, transcription and interpretation errors can be reduced by using computerised physician order entry. Together with the use of automated dispensing systems and bar-code technology, this will aid in the reduction of both dispensing and administration errors. Education of nursing staff involved in the process of drug distribution is another important measure for preventing medication errors. Finally, the introduction of systems for the early detection of adverse drug reactions may help to reduce problems related to drug therapy. Identifying risk factors that contribute to the development of adverse drug reactions, may aid in the prevention of these reactions. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS drug (adverse drug reaction, pharmacoeconomics) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adverse drug reaction (side effect) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS automation cost of illness drug therapy error hospitalization human major clinical study medical information medical literature prescription priority journal review vocational education EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000142300 MEDLINE PMID 10789826 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10789826) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 846 TITLE An interdisciplinary team model for substance abuse prevention in communities. AUTHOR NAMES Marcus M.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marcus M.T.) Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.T. Marcus, Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2000) 16:3 (158-168). Date of Publication: 2000 May-Jun ISSN 8755-7223 ABSTRACT Recognizing the continuing threat of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse and the mandate for health care reform with emphasis on community-based care and prevention, the University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center School of Nursing developed a model to link faculty to communities to provide culturally competent, scientifically based, preventive interventions. Faculty and community associates engaged in individual and group training activities such as seminars, courses, and off-site meetings. The Preventive Intervention Research Cycle was used to structure prevention activities and assure scientific rigor. In addition to the specific outcomes of five preventive interventions, the project resulted in increased faculty scholarship in the field, increased community awareness and sustained interventions related to substance abuse, enhanced curriculum for students, and expanded collaborations with other community-based organizations. Collaborative interdisciplinary partnerships between academic institutions and community organizations are critical to the development of the science of substance abuse prevention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) community health nursing educational model nursing education patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human nursing review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10860314 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10860314) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 847 TITLE Teen Club: a nursing intervention for reducing risk-taking behavior and improving well-being in female African American adolescents. AUTHOR NAMES Tuttle J. Bidwell-Cerone S. Campbell-Heider N. Richeson G. Collins S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tuttle J.; Bidwell-Cerone S.; Campbell-Heider N.; Richeson G.; Collins S.) University of Rochester, School of Nursing, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Tuttle, University of Rochester, School of Nursing, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. SOURCE Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners (2000) 14:3 (103-108). Date of Publication: 2000 May-Jun ISSN 0891-5245 ABSTRACT This article describes a nursing intervention called Teen Club that was designed to reduce risk-taking behavior and improve well-being in female African American adolescents. Participants were referred to Teen Club by their nurse practitioners, physicians, and a community health nurse who were working at an urban neighborhood health center's teen clinic. Referrals were based on factors such as parental substance abuse, lack of social and family support, and other characteristics thought to increase vulnerability to risk-taking behavior. The 2-year intervention included weekly group meetings co-led by a European American female community health nurse and a Latino American male community worker, supplemented by case management and home visits by both these persons. Findings from a retrospective group interview conducted with 11 of the 12 original participants are presented. This is the first step in a series of pilot studies designed to refine the Teen Club intervention in anticipation of a future prospective, randomized investigation of this health promotion and disease prevention model of nursing care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) African American child behavior community health nursing health auxiliary health behavior health promotion high risk behavior self help EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article attitude to health child psychology evaluation study female health care quality human nursing evaluation research organization and management pilot study psychological aspect questionnaire retrospective study United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10823968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10823968) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 848 TITLE A public health nursing early intervention program for adolescent mothers: outcomes from pregnancy through 6 weeks postpartum. AUTHOR NAMES Koniak-Griffin D. Anderson N.L. Verzemnieks I. Brecht M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Koniak-Griffin D.; Anderson N.L.; Verzemnieks I.; Brecht M.L.) School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-6919, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Koniak-Griffin, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-6919, USA. SOURCE Nursing research (2000) 49:3 (130-138). Date of Publication: 2000 May-Jun ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adolescent pregnancy and parenting remain a major public concern because of their impact on maternal-child health and on the social and economic well-being of the nation. Federal welfare reform legislation has created an urgent need for community-based nursing intervention programs to improve health and social outcomes for disadvantaged adolescent mothers and to promote their self-sufficiency. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of an early intervention program (EIP) that uses a public health nursing model on health and social outcomes of adolescent mothers and their children and on the quality of mother-child interaction. METHODS: Pregnant adolescents referred to a county health department were randomly assigned to an experimental (EIP) or control (traditional public health nursing [TPHN]) group. The sample included 121 adolescents from predominantly minority and impoverished backgrounds who were followed from pregnancy through 6 weeks postpartum. Intense and comprehensive home visitation by public health nurses and preparation-for-motherhood classes were provided to adolescents in the EIP. Health outcomes were determined on the basis of medical record data. Other measures included maternal self-report on selected behaviors, nurse interviews, and the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS). RESULTS: Early findings indicate reduced premature birth and low-birth-weight (LBW) rates for young mothers receiving both forms of public health nursing care. No significant differences between groups were found for infant birth weight or type of delivery. Infants in the EIP had significantly fewer total days of birth-related hospitalization and rehospitalization than those in the TPHN group during the first 6 weeks of life (chi2(1) = 6.41; p = 0.01). Adolescents in the EIP demonstrated significantly more positive educational outcomes (e.g., lower school dropout rates) than those in the TPHN group (chi2(1) = 6.76; p < 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The early findings of this study demonstrate that pregnant adolescents benefit from both traditional and more intense public health nursing care in terms of prenatal and perinatal outcomes. The EIP was associated with decreased infant morbidity during the first 6 weeks of life and decreased maternal school dropout. Long-term outcomes for the EIP are being evaluated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent pregnancy community health nursing puerperium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent article birth weight clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female hospitalization human intervention study model poverty pregnancy pregnancy outcome premature labor (prevention) prenatal care treatment outcome United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10882317 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10882317) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 849 TITLE Drinks tonight at 7 pm: nursing students and alcohol use. AUTHOR NAMES Ball K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ball K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Ball, SOURCE Nursing New Zealand (Wellington, N.Z. : 1995) (2000) 6:4 (18-19). Date of Publication: May 2000 ISSN 1173-2032 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drinking behavior (epidemiology, prevention) health promotion human nursing education practice guideline psychological aspect questionnaire risk management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12012510 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12012510) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 850 TITLE Continuing education for nursing contact hours and CRNI/CLNI recertification units AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of Intravenous Nursing (2000) 23:2 (73-76). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0896-5846 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) certification continuing education nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analgesia blood sampling cardiopulmonary bypass central venous catheter injury note nurse substance abuse world health organization EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000106840 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 851 TITLE Project Hope: changing care delivery for the substance abuse patient. AUTHOR NAMES Swenson-Britt E. Carrougher G. Martin B.W. Brackley M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swenson-Britt E.; Carrougher G.; Martin B.W.; Brackley M.) University Hospital, San Antonio, Texas, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Swenson-Britt, University Hospital, San Antonio, Texas, USA. SOURCE Clinical nurse specialist CNS (2000) 14:2 (92-100). Date of Publication: Mar 2000 ISSN 0887-6274 ABSTRACT Project Hope is a program designed to assist healthcare providers in the assessment, care, referral, and follow-up of the hospitalized substance abuse patient. First implemented in 1990 at what is now called University Hospital in San Antonio, Texas, the program has influenced care in a positive way through change in the attitude and knowledge of personnel, administrators, and community. In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the approaches utilized, improvement process, and outcomes obtained from this project. To formally evaluate the effectiveness of Project Hope, a quasi-experimental, Solomon-Four design study was conducted. Eighty nurses from various educational backgrounds and experience with alcohol were divided into groups by nursing unit. A normative-reeducative intervention was applied as described by Chin and Benne. Test of cognition showed significant change (p < .01) in the experimental group; no significance was found for attitudes change. Reasons for these findings and lessons learned from the process are described. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing discipline nursing education personnel management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health case report education female health personnel attitude human male middle aged nursing nursing evaluation research nursing staff organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11188456 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11188456) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 852 TITLE Preventing youth use of tobacco products: the role of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES LaSala K.B. Todd S.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (LaSala K.B.; Todd S.J.) Department of Health Sciences, Family Nurse Practitioner Program, Beth El College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.B. LaSala, Department of Health Sciences, Family Nurse Practitioner Program, Beth El College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA. SOURCE Pediatric nursing (2000) 26:2 (143-148). Date of Publication: 2000 Mar-Apr ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT In the 1997 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 1998a), 70.2% of high school students reported cigarette use, 36.4% were current cigarette smokers, and 16.7% reported frequent cigarette use (as measured by more than 20 in the last 30 days). Current tobacco use by all racial and ethnic groups is 42.7% (48.2% male, 36.0% female). Preventing youth tobacco use requires nurses to be active in many different domains. Public health experts agree that tobacco control efforts must target youth, with the goal of preventing tobacco product use and dependence. Nurses need to be actively involved in directing resources and talents toward public awareness and tobacco prevention programs, formulating public policy initiatives to control youth access to tobacco, and initiating cessation programs for youth. Efforts can be targeted at the schools, community, and health care system, as well as the public policy arena and media campaigns. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health education nurse attitude smoking (adverse drug reaction, prevention) tobacco dependence (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child health care policy human legal aspect nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 12026267 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12026267) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 853 TITLE Attitudes towards mental illness, in the Commonwealth of Dominica AUTHOR NAMES Kohn R. Sharma D. Camilleri C.P. Levav I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kohn R., Robert_Kohn@brown.edu) Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, United States. (Sharma D.) Department of Psychiatry, Princess Margaret Hospital, Dominica, West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago. (Camilleri C.P.) Harvard S. Shore Dept. of Psychiatry, Vet. Administration Medical Center, Brockton, MA, United States. (Levav I.) Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States. (Kohn R., Robert_Kohn@brown.edu) Brown University, Dept. of Psychiat. and Hum. Behavior, Providence, RI, United States. (Kohn R., Robert_Kohn@brown.edu) Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd., Providence, RI 02906, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Kohn, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd., Providence, RI 02906, United States. SOURCE Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health (2000) 7:3 (148-154). Date of Publication: March 2000 ISSN 1020-4989 BOOK PUBLISHER Pan American Health Organization, 525 Twenty-Third Street NW, Washington, United States. ABSTRACT Little is known about the perception of mental illness in the English- speaking Caribbean. This study was conducted in 1995 to determine the attitudes, knowledge, and help-seeking practices for emotional disorders in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Two groups in Dominica were surveyed: 67 community leaders, consisting of nurses, teachers, and police officers; and 135 community members grouped into five socioeconomic strata that were collapsed to three for the analysis. All the respondents were asked to identify and suggest management of individuals with psychosis, alcoholism, depression, and childhood hyperactivity, as depicted in case vignettes. The person in the psychosis vignette was diagnosed as suffering from mental illness by 84.0% of the leaders and by 71.2% of the community members. However, in each of the three other vignettes, fewer than 30% of the respondents thought that mental illness was present. The person with alcoholism was viewed as having a serious problem by only slightly more than half of the respondents. Fewer than half of the respondents thought that the individuals with depression or hyperactivity had serious problems. The community leaders did somewhat worse in recognizing mental illness than did the community members. Respondents were most likely to refer a family member with emotional problems to a medical practitioner. In conclusion, education about mental health problems is needed in Dominica. Especially disconcerting was the lack of knowledge on mental illness among nurses, teachers, and police officers, that is, professionals directly involved in the pathway to care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental disease EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult affective neurosis alcoholism article attitude depression Dominica female health education human hyperactivity male medical information psychosis EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000156129 MEDLINE PMID 10808747 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10808747) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 854 TITLE A database analysis of potentially inappropriate drug use in an elderly medicaid population AUTHOR NAMES Piecoro L.T. Browning S.R. Prince T.S. Ranz T.T. Scutchfield E.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Piecoro L.T.) Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Mason, OH, United States. (Browning S.R.; Prince T.S.) Dept. Prev. Med. and Environ. Hlth., College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States. (Scutchfield E.D.) Ctr. for Hlth. Serv. Mgmt. and Res., University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States. (Ranz T.T.) Omnicare Inc., Louisville, KY, United States. (Piecoro L.T.) Box 2117, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, OH 45040, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.T. Piecoro, Box 2117, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Road, Mason, OH 45040, United States. SOURCE Pharmacotherapy (2000) 20:2 (221-228). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0277-0008 BOOK PUBLISHER Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United States. ABSTRACT We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective review of 1996 Kentucky Medicaid Pharmacy claims data to examine the prevalence of potentially inappropriate drug use in 64,832 Medicaid recipients aged 65 years and older who received a prescription. Twenty-seven percent of patients received at least one potentially inappropriate agent. Prevalence was higher for nursing home residents (33%) than for community dwellers (24%). Amitriptyline (7.6%), propoxyphene (6.5%), doxepin (4.0%), and indomethacin (2.3%) were the most prescribed potentially inappropriate agents. Education programs and interventions aimed at optimizing the prescribing and dispensing of the most appropriate drugs are needed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amitriptyline dextropropoxyphene doxepin indometacin EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alprazolam barbituric acid derivative belladonna alkaloid carisoprodol chlordiazepoxide chlorzoxazone cyclobenzaprine diazepam dicycloverine dipyridamole flurazepam hyoscyamine iron lorazepam meprobamate metaxalone methocarbamol methyldopa oxazepam oxybutynin pentazocine pethidine propantheline bromide reserpine temazepam ticlopidine triazolam zolpidem EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) data base drug misuse geriatric care medicaid EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article drug utilization education program human nursing home prescription United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alprazolam (28981-97-7) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) belladonna alkaloid (8007-93-0) carisoprodol (78-44-4) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) chlorzoxazone (95-25-0) cyclobenzaprine (303-53-7, 6202-23-9) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) diazepam (439-14-5) dicycloverine (50815-09-3, 67-92-5, 77-19-0) dipyridamole (58-32-2) doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5) flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1) hyoscyamine (101-31-5, 306-03-6) indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1) iron (14093-02-8, 53858-86-9, 7439-89-6) lorazepam (846-49-1) meprobamate (57-53-4) metaxalone (1665-48-1) methocarbamol (532-03-6) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) oxazepam (604-75-1) oxybutynin (1508-65-2, 5633-20-5) pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) propantheline bromide (298-50-0, 50-34-0) reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4) temazepam (846-50-4) ticlopidine (53885-35-1, 55142-85-3) triazolam (28911-01-5) zolpidem (82626-48-0) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000050410 MEDLINE PMID 10678301 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10678301) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 855 TITLE Impaired student performance in the clinical setting. A constructive approach. AUTHOR NAMES Spier B.E. Matthews J.T. Jack L. Lever J. McHaffie E.J. Tate J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Spier B.E.; Matthews J.T.; Jack L.; Lever J.; McHaffie E.J.; Tate J.) University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. bsp CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.E. Spier, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. bsp Email: 100+@pitt.edu SOURCE Nurse educator (2000) 25:1 (38-42). Date of Publication: 2000 Jan-Feb ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT A challenge for even the most seasoned faculty member is dealing with a student who arrives for clinical experience in an impaired state. Little guidance is available for faculty regarding protocol for the immediate removal of an unfit student from the clinical setting or for subsequent actions aimed at helping the student constructively address the problem. The authors provide guidance to faculty for the development of a policy to address issues pertaining to the impaired student. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) absenteeism addiction (prevention) clinical competence malpractice nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling documentation human psychological aspect standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 11141899 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11141899) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 856 TITLE Clinical mental health training within a multidisciplinary School-Based Health Clinic AUTHOR NAMES Mason M.J. Wood T.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mason M.J.; Wood T.A.) Counseling/Human Development Dept., Warner School, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Mason, Counseling/Human Development Dept., Warner School, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States. Email: mjmn@troi.cc.rochester.edu SOURCE Journal of Health and Social Policy (2000) 11:3 (45-65). Date of Publication: 2000 ISSN 0897-7186 BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. ABSTRACT A model is presented to illustrate a clinical mental health training program within a multidisciplinary School-Based Health Clinic (SBHC). In collaboration with schools of education, medicine, nursing, and social work, a multidisciplinary training and treatment program was established that provided unique opportunities for clinical training. An ecological/public health model was utilized as the conceptual framework for clinical mental health training, treatment, and research. Preliminary clinical outcome data suggest that out of a sample of 381 patients, 15% of those utilizing the SBHC's mental health services were being treated for substance abuse disorders. This finding supports current research that has demonstrated that the SBHCs are providing access to students who are in the most serious need of mental health services. Process data suggest that the SBHC is an effective site for multidisciplinary clinical mental health training. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health program mental health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical education health service human medical education review teaching hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999285670 MEDLINE PMID 10557892 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10557892) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J045v11n03_04 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 857 TITLE Midwifery care research: What questions are being asked? what lessons have been learned? AUTHOR NAMES Raisler J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Raisler J., jraisler@umich.edu) Nurse-Midwifery Program, Univ. of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 N. Ingalls, Room 3320, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Raisler, Nurse-Midwifery Program, Univ. of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 N. Ingalls, Room 3320, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, United States. Email: jraisler@umich.edu SOURCE Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health (2000) 45:1 (20-36). Date of Publication: January/February 2000 ISSN 1526-9523 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc. ABSTRACT Purpose: To create and critically evaluate a research database about midwifery care that identifies topics studied, research methods, results, funding, publication data, and implications for a future midwifery research agenda. Methods: Systematic literature review. Studies included were 1) data-based research; 2) about midwifery care or practice; 3) in the United States; and 4) published between 1984-1998. The CINAHL and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched using a defined strategy, and relevant journals and bibliographies were searched by hand. Results: This 15-year review identified 140 studies of midwifery care published in 161 papers. A midwife was the lead author on 60%. Sixty percent were published in the Journal of Nurse-Midwifery. Six to 15 studies were published each year, and both the number of publications and funding increased over the time period. The six major areas of focus were: 1) midwifery management, 2) structure of care, 3) midwifery practice, 4) midwife - physician comparisons, 5) place of birth, and 6) care of vulnerable populations. Discussion: Although retrospective descriptive studies still predominate, more prospective studies, randomized controlled trials, multi-site studies, and quasi-experimental designs are being conducted. Qualitative methods are helping to measure nontraditional outcomes. A research agenda should be estab lished based on discussion and debate within the profession. Midwife investigators need to build research teams and collaborate with other disciplines. Key areas for future research include alternative therapies, breastfeeding, cost-effectiveness, cultural studies, gynecology, health policy, menopause, postpartum care, substance abuse interventions, and the woman's experience of birth and midwifery care. J Midwifery Womens Health 2000;45:20-36 © 2000 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health services research methodology midwife EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female human information processing organization and management pregnancy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English MEDLINE PMID 10772732 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772732) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 858 TITLE Alcohol problems among residents in old age homes in the city of Mannheim, Germany AUTHOR NAMES Weyerer S. Schäufele M. Zimber A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weyerer S., weyerer@as200.ze-mannheim.de; Schäufele M.; Zimber A.) Central Institute of Mental Health, J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Weyerer, Central Institute of Mental Health, J5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany. Email: weyerer@as200.ze-mannheim.de SOURCE Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (1999) 33:6 (825-830). Date of Publication: December 1999 ISSN 0004-8674 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69 - 77 Paul Street, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of alcohol problems among residents in old age homes, its demographic and clinical features, and its association with the risk of falling. Method: All residents (n = 1922) living in 20 randomly selected residential and nursing homes in the city of Mannheim, Germany, were included. Based on routine documentation, details of their sociodemographic features, medical diagnoses made upon admission, and current medication were compiled. The home staff filled out for each resident a standardised assessment sheet on activities of daily living-impairment (Barthel Index), behaviour problems, alcohol consumption, and frequency of falls. Results: According to the diagnoses of the primary care physicians, 7.4% of the residents had mental and behavioural disorders due to alcohol (ICD-10: F10). Rates were particularly high among men, and younger and single or divorced residents. A high percentage of those with a diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence (41.1%) were transferred from mental hospitals. Home staff reported current alcohol abuse/dependence among 3.4% of all residents. The risk of falling was significantly elevated (Odds ratio: 2.65; p < 0.01) among those with current alcohol problems. Conclusion: The results corroborate the findings from other studies wherein residents of old age homes constitute a group at risk of alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol problems were more the cause for, rather than the consequence of, home admission. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology, etiology) falling nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcohol consumption behavior disorder conference paper daily life activity divorce female Germany human major clinical study male mental hospital primary medical care risk EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000011318 MEDLINE PMID 10619208 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10619208) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 859 TITLE Attitudes shown by nursing college students, staff, and faculty towards substance abuse AUTHOR NAMES Eliason M.J. Gerken K.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eliason M.J.; Gerken K.C.) College of Nursing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Eliason, College of Nursing, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Use (1999) 4:3 (155-163). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 1465-9891 ABSTRACT Very little research has addressed nurses' attitudes towards substance abuse. Nurses are socially acclimatized with the same values, biases, and denial of the impact of substance abuse as is the general population, and nursing education programmes allow very little time to the study of substance abuse. Thus, it is likely that nurses and nursing students lack accurate information about substance abuse, and may subscribe to common stereotypes. This paper presents data from 277 students, staff, and faculty at a large midwestern baccalaureate nursing programme. The results have significant implications for nursing education, as they indicate a serious lack of attention, in the curriculum, to the study of substance abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude nursing education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article college student curriculum female human male medical information normal human stereotypy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999403796 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 860 TITLE In-service drug and alcohol education for generalist nurses: Are they interested? AUTHOR NAMES Happell B. Taylor C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Happell B.; Taylor C.) School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, Swanston Street, Carlton 3053, Vic., Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Happell, School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, Swanston Street, Carlton 3053, Vic., Australia. SOURCE Journal of Substance Use (1999) 4:3 (164-169). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 1465-9891 ABSTRACT A review of the literature reveals that generalist nurses tend to have negative attitudes towards providing care to patients with drug and alcohol problems. Pessimistic attitudes are frequently attributed to inadequate education to enable the development of knowledge and skills required to deal confidently with these patients. Insufficient content in drug and alcohol issues has been found to be characteristic of undergraduate nursing curricula throughout England, America and Australia. In-service education is often presented as a viable alternative. This paper addresses the paucity of research in relation to in-service education on drug and alcohol related issues, for registered nurses. A research project was conducted involving general nurses (n = 106) employed in a private, acute, medical-surgical hospital, were surveyed to ascertain the amount of drug and alcohol in-service education they had received, whether they were interested in more, and the type of in-service education they would require. The results of this study clearly demonstrated that the registered nurses recognized their need for more education in this area. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse drug abuse nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude curriculum female human normal human CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999403797 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 861 TITLE Assessment of potential inhalant use by students. AUTHOR NAMES Cook K.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cook K.R.) D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.R. Cook, D'Youville College, Buffalo, New York, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1999) 15:5 (20-23). Date of Publication: Dec 1999 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Inhalant use is a significant health risk for today's youth, so school nurses need to be aware of its prevalence and life-threatening consequences. Numerous, readily available, inexpensive substances are being inhaled by a growing number of students. The effects of inhaling such substances can be devastating. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS adhesive agent (adverse drug reaction) solvent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) exposure (adverse drug reaction) nursing assessment school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aerosol (adverse drug reaction) child human methodology nursing review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10889686 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10889686) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 862 TITLE Developing a drug awareness program in an international school. Cross-cultural issues. AUTHOR NAMES Jeffries P.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jeffries P.R.) Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.R. Jeffries, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1999) 15:4 (6-11). Date of Publication: Oct 1999 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT In 1996, as an overseas school nurse/health educator, the author designed a health and personal development curriculum for an international school in Bandung, Indonesia, where 220 children from 26 different countries were enrolled. Part of the health curriculum included a drug awareness program for students from kindergarten through high school. Many parents, students, administrators, and faculty had never been involved in such a program before; therefore, obtaining acceptance from these groups was a first step in designing the drug awareness program. Because there have been no school or government anti-drug groups to promote drug prevention, this program was the first of its kind in the international community of Bandung. A review of the literature guided the choice of intervention strategies built into the program. Information also was collected about the major risk and protective factors that are known to be associated with an increased risk of drug use in the international community. Existing models of drug use prevention were used in designing the program. As in most prevention programs, drug use was viewed as a deficit in coping or self-regulation skills. The drug awareness program was developed with emphasis on peer, school, and community factors potentially influencing the tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use of the adolescent students. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) cultural anthropology health education program development school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child comparative study cultural factor curriculum human Indonesia international cooperation methodology organization and management transcultural care United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10818875 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10818875) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 863 TITLE Nurturing educational multiculturalism in psychosocial nursing: creating new possibilities through inclusive conversations. AUTHOR NAMES Boutain D.M. Olivares S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boutain D.M.; Olivares S.A.) University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Boutain, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (1999) 13:5 (234-239). Date of Publication: Oct 1999 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT The increasingly diverse populations served by nurse practitioners require the preparation of graduate students with special emphasis on diversity issues that affect the mental and physical health of the underserved and populations of color. Although initiatives to recruit and retain a multicultural student group in nursing are not new, the current need to establish a diverse work force in nursing remains urgent given the changing demography within the United States. One challenge in nursing graduate education lies in the development of innovative ways to educate students committed to working with people of color and underserved populations in the area of psychosocial health. This article presents the theoretical underpinnings of, and practical strategies for, recruitment and retention developed by the Psychosocial Nurse Practitioner training grant team, in collaboration with others at the University of Washington School of Nursing. This program, partially funded by the Division of Nursing, Bureau of Health Professions, is designed to educate future nurse practitioners to work with clients and families who have comorbid psychiatric, substance abuse, and physical conditions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural anthropology nurse practitioner psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education human nursing education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10565056 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10565056) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 864 TITLE Bridging gaps between mind, body, & spirit. Healing the whole person. AUTHOR NAMES Edmands M.S. Hoff L.A. Kaylor L. Mower L. Sorrell S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Edmands M.S.; Hoff L.A.; Kaylor L.; Mower L.; Sorrell S.) College of Health Professions, Department of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Edmands, College of Health Professions, Department of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1999) 37:10 (35-42). Date of Publication: Oct 1999 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT Fifty percent of visits of primary care providers are for psychiatric problems making it desirable to screen for mental, addictive, or behavioral disorders at the level of primary care. Psychiatric/mental health nurses prepared at the master's level to practice in the blended clinical specialist/nurse practitioner role are well placed to treat or collaborate in the treatment of people who present with symptoms of physical or psychological problems. The role of the clinical specialist/nurse practitioner is evolving in response to changes in health demographics, epidemiology, scientific and technological advances, and changes in managed care. Advanced practice nursing education must continue to anticipate and meet on-going changes and challenges. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alternative medicine holistic nursing mental disease EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article case report education female fibromyalgia (therapy) history human manpower mental health service methodology nurse practitioner nursing pathophysiology physiology posttraumatic stress disorder (therapy) psychiatric diagnosis psychiatric nursing psychophysiology somatoform disorder (therapy) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10529962 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10529962) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 865 TITLE Promoting tobacco cessation in primary care practice AUTHOR NAMES Pine D. Sullivan S. Conn S.A. David C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pine D.; Sullivan S.; Conn S.A.; David C.) Institute for Research and Education, HealthSystem Minnesota, 3800 Park Nicollet Boulevard, Minneapolis, MN 55416-2699, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Sullivan, Institute for Research and Education, HealthSystem Minnesota, 3800 Park Nicollet Boulevard, Minneapolis, MN 55416-2699, United States. Email: sesullivan@compuserve.com SOURCE Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice (1999) 26:3 (591-610). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 0095-4543 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT In contrast to the 3% of smokers who quit on their own, clinic-based interventions are effective in helping at least 10% of patients quit smoking. Furthermore, the public health benefit is significant. Given that 35 million smokers see a physician at least once a year, clinic-based interventions have a significant public health benefit. If even 10% of smokers are assisted in quitting through their health care providers, 3.5 million smokers would become tobacco-free each year. Few treatments of any kind have a potential benefit of this magnitude. This article outlined a comprehensive and practical approach to clinic-based tobacco cessation that will increase quit rates beyond those associated with brief advice. Developing the organizational commitment among clinicians and staff will result in long-term buy-in to promoting tobacco cessation. A systematic approach to asking every patient about tobacco use at every visit, and documenting it, provides an important infrastructure for the other strategies, particularly if tobacco use is assessed and recorded as a vital sign. Clinicians should take every opportunity to advise all tobacco users to quit. A quick assessment of readiness to quit provides essential information to tailor assistance through counseling, self-help materials, and pharmacotherapy. Brief counseling might be provided by clinicians, and extended counseling might be offered by a nurse or health educator by telephone or in person. Counseling focuses on setting a quit date, anticipating challenges to long-term quitting and planning how to overcome them, discussing the option of using NRT and bupropion, and recommitting to quitting if they relapse. Self-help materials reinforce and expand on counseling messages. Nicotine Replacement Therapy and bupropion provide additional support for cessation. Followup contacts by telephone or in person can provide important support, particularly if provided within the first 2 weeks of quitting and again as needed. Finally, basic evaluation activities such as chart audits can give useful feedback for improving each part of the clinic's process as well as provide data about quit rates in the clinic's patient population. These strategies work effectively in community-based primary care clinics. It is not an easy task to implement these strategies consistently, but the key is to enlist the involvement of clinicians and office staff and to organize the office practice to support this approach. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amfebutamone (drug therapy) nicotine (drug administration, drug therapy) nicotine gum (drug administration, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking smoking cessation tobacco EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (drug therapy) clinical practice health promotion human oral drug administration patient counseling primary health care priority journal review transdermal drug administration CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) nicotine (54-11-5) nicotine gum (96055-45-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999328355 MEDLINE PMID 10436289 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10436289) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4543(05)70119-6 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 866 TITLE Perceived problems of pharmacotherapy: A problem detection study among physicians and nurses at a Swedish University Hospital AUTHOR NAMES Eriksson T. Henricson K. Arrhenius K. Höglund P. Hedner K. Stenberg P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eriksson T.; Henricson K.; Stenberg P.) Hospital Pharmacy, Malmö University Hospital, S-205 02 Malmö, Sweden. (Arrhenius K.) Apoteket AB, Stockholm, Sweden. (Höglund P.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. (Hedner K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Henricson, Hospital Pharmacy, Malmo University Hospital, S-205 02 Malmo, Sweden. SOURCE Pharmacy World and Science (1999) 21:4 (190-193). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 0928-1231 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT As a first step toward obtaining quality assurance regarding use and handling of drugs at Malmo University Hospital, a problem detection study (PDS) was performed, drug related problems being collected from nurses, physicians and pharmacists. Problem questionnaires relevant for physicians (67 items) and nurses (82 items) were prepared and sent to chief physicians and head nurses for distribution to colleagues. The problems identified covered all aspects of drug use and handling such as availability, prescription, dispensing, information and monitoring. Fifty-six per cent (79/141) of the physicians and 68 per cent (88/130) of the nurses responded. The main problems were related to information, chart ordersheets and follow up. The item 'Uncertain whether patients take their medicine correctly after discharge' scored highest among physicians. The two main problems for the nurses were that 'newly licensed drugs and drugs used on a named-patient basis are not included in FASS' (the Swedish national formulary). The problem detection technique proved useful for the identification of drug-related problems, and the results will provide a basis for further improvement in quality assurance in pharmacotherapy at the hospital. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug monitoring drug use EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug information hospital human nurse physician prescription quality control Sweden EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Pharmacy (39) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999297825 MEDLINE PMID 10483608 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10483608) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008776024243 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 867 TITLE Substance abuse education liaisons: a collaborative continuing education program for nurses in acute care settings. AUTHOR NAMES Marcus M.T. Rickman K.A. Sobhan T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marcus M.T.; Rickman K.A.; Sobhan T.) Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center School of Nursing 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.T. Marcus, Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center School of Nursing 77030, USA. SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1999) 30:5 (229-234). Date of Publication: 1999 Sep-Oct ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse undermine physical and psychological well-being, contributing to the array of illnesses that necessitate admission to acute care settings. Addictive disorders often are undetected, underreported, or overshadowed by the primary illness. Nurses need continuing education to enhance competence in meeting this challenging problem. METHOD: Through a unique collaboration between university faculty and acute care nurses from seven hospitals, the nurses attended 18 monthly workshops designed to meet their learning needs related to substance abuse. RESULTS: The nurses acquired essential knowledge and skills regarding substance abusing clients. The publication of a substance abuse resource manual and the establishment of a continuing network of professionals committed to improving practice are additional positive outcomes of this endeavor. CONCLUSION: Project SAEL (Substance Abuse Education Liaisons) is a model that can be emulated by others. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acute disease addiction (diagnosis, prevention) cooperation nursing education nursing staff public relations EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education health care quality health personnel attitude human needs assessment nursing organization and management psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10808839 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10808839) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 868 TITLE The work of general practitioners among Lithuanian Roma in Vilnius: Incorporating harm reduction into primary medical practice AUTHOR NAMES Subata E. Tsukanov J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Subata E., Emilssubata@takas.lt) Vilnius Narcological Center, Department of Psychiatry, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. (Tsukanov J.) Naujininku Prim. Health Care Center, Vilnius, Lithuania. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Subata, Vilnius Narcological Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. Email: Emilssubata@takas.lt SOURCE Journal of Drug Issues (1999) 29:4 (805-810). Date of Publication: Sep 1999 ISSN 0022-0426 ABSTRACT We describe the efforts of general practitioners (GPs) in Vilnius working with the Lithuanian-Roma community, the most impoverished and marginalized segment of the city's population. We focus specifically on GPs' efforts to advocate for and implement harm reduction principles and programs to protect and improve the health of Roma drug injectors threatened by HIV. We describe the full range of efforts that GPs have added to their practice beyond 'normal doctoring' in order to have a more far-reaching impact on the health of drug users. This includes advocating for and successfully implementing methadone drug treatment and needle exchange services as integrated parts of routine primary medical practice. It also includes the outreach efforts by GPs and nurses to educate many different segments of the larger Vilnius community - law enforcement officials, teachers, and social workers - about harm reduction principles and strategies. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) methadone EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) general practitioner health promotion intravenous drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human Human immunodeficiency virus infection Lithuania methadone treatment needlestick injury preventive health service primary medical care virus transmission CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2000030625 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 869 TITLE Different efficacy of alcohol education tools among trainee nurses AUTHOR NAMES Francesco Stefanini G. Caputo F. Lizzani L. Castelli E. Dall'Aglio C. Baudanza P. Marsigli L. Giuseppe Foschi F. Patussi V. Addolorato G. Bernardi M. Gasbarrini G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Francesco Stefanini G.) Ospedale degli Infermi, Faenza, Italy. (Lizzani L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Statistiche, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. (Patussi V.) Dipto. Fisiopatol. Clin. Unita G., Firenze, Italy. (Addolorato G.; Gasbarrini G.) Istituto di Clinica Medica, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. (Caputo F.; Castelli E.; Dall'Aglio C.; Baudanza P.; Marsigli L.; Giuseppe Foschi F.; Bernardi M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.F. Stefanini, Ospedale degli Infermi, Faenza, Italy. SOURCE Hepato-Gastroenterology (1999) 46:27 (1910-1916). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 0172-6390 BOOK PUBLISHER H.G.E. Update Medical Publishing Ltd., P.O. Box 17257, Athens, Greece. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIMS: The evaluation of the efficacy of two different forms of scientific information concerning alcohol-related problems (ARP), among Italian trainee nurses. METHODOLOGY: A specific questionnaire, investigating the awareness of ARP, was distributed to 193 trainee nurses, 158 enrolled in the Italian Red Cross School for Professional Nurses at S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital in Bologna and 35 enrolled in the Professional Nursing School at the Social Security Institute in the Republic of San Marino, who had attended a scientific meeting on ARP in the last year. Eighty-one nurses (62 belonging to the Red Cross School of Bologna and 19 to the Professional Nursing School of San Marino), had previously been given an information package on ARP (Group A). One hundred twelve subjects (96 belonging to the Red Cross School of Bologna and 16 to the Professional Nursing School of San Marino) did not read the specialized material (Group B). RESULTS: The results showed a statistically significant difference in the percentage of correct answers between Group A (25.98%) and Group B (21.80%). The percentage of correct answers among the Bologna trainee nurses were always significantly lower than that of the San Marino nurses. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a scant awareness and interest in ARP among trainee nurses and show that courses and lectures are more effective than scientific printed material. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption nurse training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article awareness Italy priority journal questionnaire EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999272905 MEDLINE PMID 10430368 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10430368) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 870 TITLE Never too soon: a pilot first and third grade drug education program. AUTHOR NAMES Hall-Long B.A. Dishop M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hall-Long B.A.; Dishop M.L.) University of Delaware, College of Health and Nursing Sciences, Newark, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.A. Hall-Long, University of Delaware, College of Health and Nursing Sciences, Newark, USA. SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1999) 15:3 (34-39). Date of Publication: Aug 1999 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Substance use is a leading national health problem, and school nurses are in pivotal positions to assist with prevention activities to reduce this growing epidemic. In response to increasing rates of parental and youth substance use and abuse, a collaborative research-service-education partnership was established between a college of nursing and an elementary school in a low-income, urban community. A two-part pilot study of parental knowledge and behaviors of drug use, and the evaluation of a first- and third-grade drug education model, are described in this paper. Although the findings cannot be generalized, they yield useful information for parental, youth, and neighborhood teaching and future research. Over half of parents consumed alcohol, and 60% smoked cigarettes. Forty-seven percent of parents reported discussing drugs with their child. However, only 22% of the parents who used substances reported talking about drugs with their children. The pilot drug education sessions, two, 30-45 minute sessions a week for 8 weeks, resulted in an average of 30% higher posttest knowledge scores in the first and third graders. Drug education classes should be offered every year for patients and youth, kindergarten through twelfth grade. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education school health nursing school health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age article attitude to health child curriculum education educational model health care quality human organization and management parent pilot study psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10745800 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10745800) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 871 TITLE Minimal interventions for problem drinkers: a review of the literature. AUTHOR NAMES Watson H.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Watson H.E.) Department of Nursing and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.E. Watson, Department of Nursing and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, Scotland. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1999) 30:2 (513-519). Date of Publication: Aug 1999 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT There is an increasing body of literature concerning the role in health promotion for nurses working in many health care settings. It has been argued that this role should include identifying those individuals whose life-style increases their risk of developing health problems, as well as providing appropriate advice and information. Life-style factors which may contribute to ill-health include problem drinking. This literature review presents a critique of studies of brief, or minimal, interventions for problem drinkers which have been conducted in both primary care and acute settings. The concept of minimal interventions is explored and the potential for nurses to assume a role in delivering such interventions is discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) patient education psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult female human male methodology middle aged nursing review treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10457255 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10457255) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 872 TITLE Psychotherapy in geriatric long-term care AUTHOR NAMES Lichtenberg P.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lichtenberg P.A.) Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry Street, Detroit, MI 48202, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.A. Lichtenberg, Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry Street, Detroit, MI 48202, United States. SOURCE Journal of Clinical Psychology (1999) 55:8 (1005-1014). Date of Publication: Aug 1999 ISSN 0021-9762 ABSTRACT Psychotherapy with older adult nursing home residents will likely be carried out with two groups of patients: the chronically mentally ill, and the medical rehabilitation patients. A typology of patients with mental illness is described: the mild cognitively impaired and behaviorally disturbed, the cognitively intact but interpersonally troubled, and the mentally ill patients who have lost their support systems. Unique inpatient methods of assessing and treating depression and alcohol abuse are explored for rehabilitation patients. For both groups there is a focus on functioning and behavioral outcomes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) geriatric care long term care psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged alcohol abuse article behavior disorder (therapy) case report cognition depression female human male mental disease (therapy) nursing home psychologic assessment EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999281733 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199908)55:8<1005::AID-JCLP8>3.0.CO;2-1 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 873 TITLE The educational and liaison roles of drug and alcohol nurses: A potential resource? AUTHOR NAMES Happell B. Taylor C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Happell B.; Taylor C.) School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville 3052, Vic., Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Happell, School of Postgraduate Nursing, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville 3052, Vic., Australia. SOURCE Journal of Substance Use (1999) 4:1 (45-50). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 1465-9891 ABSTRACT The difficulties encountered by nurses in caring for patients with drug and alcohol related problems have been consistently acknowledged in the literature. Negative attitudes towards these patients, and inadequate knowledge and skills to adequately care for them, are generally considered as the source of the problem. Despite this acknowledgement, drug and alcohol education continues to occupy a very small presence within nursing curricula. In-service education has been demonstrated to effect a more positive perspective towards patients with drug and alcohol problems, yet there is no evidence to suggest the situation is improving. This paper discusses the potential role of the drug and alcohol liaison nurse and addresses the paucity of literature referring to such a role. The results of a qualitative study by the authors revealed that specialized drug and alcohol nurses consider themselves suitably placed to fulfil this function. Although the process at this stage is small scale and informal, the findings suggest that drug and alcohol nurses are capable of fulfilling an educative and liaison role. In doing this they can facilitate the development of greater confidence and more positive attitudes amongst general nurses towards this aspect of nursing care. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude curriculum human nurse nursing education skill CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999245025 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 874 TITLE Promoting health in i.v. drug users. AUTHOR NAMES George S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (George S.) Middlesex University. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. George, Middlesex University. SOURCE Nursing times (1999) 95:26 (45-47). Date of Publication: 1999 Jun 30-Jul 6 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion patient education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health personnel attitude human methodology nursing nursing assessment patient care planning LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10504963 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10504963) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 875 TITLE Pain assessment and management in the long-term care setting AUTHOR NAMES Weissman D.E. Matson S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weissman D.E.) Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226-0509, United States. (Matson S.) Lakeland Nursing Home, Elkhorn, WI 53121-4361, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.E. Weissman, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226-0509, United States. SOURCE Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics (1999) 20:1 (31-43). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 1386-7415 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT The assessment and management of pain is a significant public health problem in the United States. Long-term care facilities face unique barriers and challenges to pain management due to the large population of cognitively impaired residents, little physician contact and poor pain education for nurses and nurse assistants. In addition, common misconceptions about pain and pain treatment in the elderly along with health professional and resident fears of addiction and drug toxicity, add to the problem of pain management. The basic principles of pain treatment in long-term care are identical to all other health care settings - utilizing a combination of drug and non-drug treatments. Recent efforts to institutionalize improved pain management practices, through assessment procedures and defined pain management policies, standards and education programming, is a promising venue for systemically improving pain treatment in long-term care settings. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy) antidepressant agent (drug therapy) carbamazepine (drug therapy) dextropropoxyphene (drug therapy) fentanyl (drug therapy) gabapentin (drug therapy) hydrocodone (drug therapy) hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) levorphanol (drug therapy) morphine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) pethidine (drug therapy) phenytoin (drug therapy) steroid (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) long term care pain assessment (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS allergic reaction (side effect) article cognition constipation (side effect) geriatric care headache (side effect) health care policy home for the aged human human tissue kidney failure (side effect) nausea (side effect) United States xerostomia (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) fentanyl (437-38-7) gabapentin (60142-96-3) hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) levorphanol (125-72-4, 77-07-6) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999209228 MEDLINE PMID 10442052 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10442052) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009923907285 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 876 TITLE Perinatal substance abuse education: A review of existing curricula AUTHOR NAMES Redding B.A. Selleck C.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Redding B.A.) University of South Florida, College of Nursing, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, United States. (Selleck C.S.) Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.A. Redding, University of South Florida, College of Nursing, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612-4799, United States. SOURCE Substance Abuse (1999) 20:1 (17-31). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 0889-7077 ABSTRACT The magnitude of the substance abuse problem in this country requires that health care professionals be appropriately and adequately trained to recognize and care for substance abusing patients, yet didactic and clinical curricular content on the topic remains limited for most of them. Efforts have been made over the past 25 years to develop faculty who have expertise in alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse and who can provide leadership in curricular development. Through these efforts, pockets of faculty expertise developed in nursing, medicine, social work, and psychology programs around the country. In addition, a number of printed substance abuse curricula were developed. The purpose of this article is to address issues regarding the substance abuse information needed by health professionals and to review the available educational curricula, especially as they relate to perinatal substance abuse. Discussion of methods to update information as substance abuse knowledge expands is also included. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction clinical education curriculum health care need health care personnel medical student mental health service nursing review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999207474 FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021344722132 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 877 TITLE Collaboration between community nurses and nursing faculty using substance abuse prevention focus groups. AUTHOR NAMES Reiskin H. Gendrop S. Bowen A. Wright P. Walsh E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reiskin H.; Gendrop S.; Bowen A.; Wright P.; Walsh E.) College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts at Boston, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Reiskin, College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts at Boston, USA. SOURCE NursingConnections (1999) 12:2 (31-36). Date of Publication: 1999 Summer ISSN 0895-2809 ABSTRACT Collaboration between community nurses and nurses from a university who conducted focus groups is discussed. The focus groups explored why low-income, inner-city, white women of childbearing age did not abuse drugs. This partnership effort resulted in positive, successful outcomes for both groups of nurses and yielded culturally sensitive information that may be useful in preventing substance abuse. Methods of facilitating this collaboration and results of our joint endeavors are explored. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) community health nursing cooperation faculty practice information processing nursing education nursing staff public relations EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health Caucasian ethnology female human nursing organization and management poverty psychological aspect urban population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10690114 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10690114) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 878 TITLE Managing alcohol withdrawal in the acutely ill hospitalized adult. AUTHOR NAMES Segatore M. Adams D. Lange S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Segatore M.; Adams D.; Lange S.) St. Joseph's Hospital, Milwaukee, WI 53210-1688, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Segatore, St. Joseph's Hospital, Milwaukee, WI 53210-1688, USA. SOURCE The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (1999) 31:3 (129-141). Date of Publication: Jun 1999 ISSN 0888-0395 ABSTRACT Managing individuals with acute illness who are at high risk for alcohol withdrawal presents multiple challenges to the treatment teams caring for them. Following realization that management of this group was often characterized by severe withdrawal symptoms (delirium tremens, seizures and the need for leather restraints), a Task Force developed protocols to guide care. Its principal goal was to avoid cardiorespiratory and neurologic morbidities associated with severe withdrawal. The first 441 episodes of care treated after protocol implementation are described in this report. There were no instances of oversedation requiring pharmacological reversal or intubation, few individuals suffered seizures outside of the emergency department and the use of leather restraints declined dramatically. Outstanding issues arising from analysis include the necessity of subjecting the symptom severity instrument to rigorous psychometric study and reconsideration of the appropriateness of a symptom-triggered approach in treating this population. Our experience suggests that use of a nonprescriptive approach by educated and motivated nursing and medical staffs can reduce serious morbidity in this at-risk population. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital patient withdrawal syndrome (diagnosis, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease adult aged article comorbidity delirium tremens (prevention) epidemiology female hospitalization human male medical record middle aged nursing outcome assessment questionnaire retrospective study CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10846644 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10846644) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 879 TITLE Mood and drinking: A naturalistic diary study of alcohol, coffee and tea AUTHOR NAMES Steptoe A. Wardle J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steptoe A., asteptoe@sghms.ac.uk) Department of Psychology, St. George's Hosp. Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. (Wardle J.) Health Behaviour Unit, Dept. of Epidemiol. and Pub. Health, University College London, 2-17 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Steptoe, Department of Psychology, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. Email: asteptoe@sghms.ac.uk SOURCE Psychopharmacology (1999) 141:3 (315-321). Date of Publication: 1999 ISSN 0033-3158 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany. ABSTRACT Understanding the pattern of associations between mood and consumption of alcohol, coffee and tea may provide information about the factors governing beverage drinking. The associations between mood and the consumption of alcohol, coffee and tea during everyday life were assessed. A naturalistic study was carried out with 18 male and 31 female volunteers from two working groups (psychiatric nursing and school teaching). Participants completed daily records of drink consumption, together with ratings of anxious and positive moods for 8 weeks. Potential moderators of associations were self-reported drinking to cope, high perceived job demands and social support at work. Day-by-day associations were analysed using Spearman correlations. There were substantial individual differences in associations between mood and daily alcohol, coffee and tea consumption. Overall, alcohol intake was associated with high positive and low anxious mood. This effect was not present among participants with high drinking to cope ratings. Coffee and tea drinking were not consistently related to mood across the entire sample. However, job demands influenced the association between coffee consumption and anxious mood in men, and those who experienced high job demands drank more coffee on days on which they felt anxious. In contrast, women but not men who enjoyed high social support at work felt more relaxed on days on which they drank more tea. These results indicate that people vary widely in the extent to which mood is related to the drinking of alcohol, coffee and tea. The strength of associations is influenced by gender, motivational factors, and by stress and coping resources. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior mood EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcohol consumption alcoholism (etiology) anxiety article coffee controlled study coping behavior female human male mental stress motivation normal human priority journal self report sex difference social support tea work CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999149282 MEDLINE PMID 10027513 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10027513) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050839 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 880 TITLE Adverse drug reaction-related hospitalizations of nursing facility patients: A 4-year study AUTHOR NAMES Cooper J.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cooper J.W.) Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Medical College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, United States. (Cooper J.W.) College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States. (Cooper J.W.) College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.W. Cooper, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States. SOURCE Southern Medical Journal (1999) 92:5 (485-490). Date of Publication: May 1999 ISSN 0038-4348 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Background. The purpose of this study was to document adverse drug reaction (ADR)-related hospitalizations from a nursing facility population. Methods. This 4-year prospective observational study used monthly repeated measures of 332 residents present for 30 or more days. The review included admission and monthly drug regimen review for each resident. Each probable ADR was sent with monthly reports to attending physicians and charge nurses. Results. There were 64 ADR-associated hospitalizations in 52 of the 332 residents (15.7%). The most common events were for nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (30), psychotropic-related fall with fracture (14), digoxin toxicity (5), and insulin hypoglycemia (4). Five patients had recurrence of the hospitalization for the same problem. A significant factor noted between ADR hospitalized and non-ADR residents was the number of medications per patient (7.9 ± 2.6 vs 3.3 ± 1.3) for the same number of problems. Conclusions. Adverse drug reaction-related hospitalizations may affect as many as one of every seven nursing home residents and appear to be related to polypharmacy as well as inattention to patient history of contraindications and previous ADRs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) digoxin (adverse drug reaction) insulin (adverse drug reaction) nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction) psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetazolamide (adverse drug reaction) acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) cholinergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction) clindamycin (adverse drug reaction) clorazepate (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) codeine (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) desipramine (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) diazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction) hydroxyzine (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) ibuprofen (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) indometacin (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) naproxen (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) pentobarbital (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) phenylbutazone (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) phenytoin (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) temazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) terpin hydrate (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) tetracycline (adverse drug reaction) thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) tiotixene (adverse drug reaction, drug combination) warfarin (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease (epidemiology, side effect) geriatric care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article bleeding (side effect) dystonia (side effect) female gastrointestinal symptom (side effect) hospital admission human incidence major clinical study male nursing home patient care polypharmacy CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetazolamide (1424-27-7, 59-66-5) acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) clindamycin (18323-44-9) clorazepate (20432-69-3, 23887-31-2) codeine (76-57-3) desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6) diazepam (439-14-5) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) haloperidol (52-86-8) hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2) ibuprofen (15687-27-1) indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1) insulin (9004-10-8) naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2) pentobarbital (57-33-0, 76-74-4) phenylbutazone (129-18-0, 50-33-9, 8054-70-4) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) temazepam (846-50-4) terpin hydrate (2451-01-6, 8006-39-1) tetracycline (23843-90-5, 60-54-8, 64-75-5) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) tiotixene (5591-45-7) warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1999175117 MEDLINE PMID 10342894 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10342894) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-199905000-00007 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 881 TITLE Gambling and health: against all odds. AUTHOR NAMES Christensen M.H. Patsdaughter C.A. Miller K.H. Dowd L.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Christensen M.H.; Patsdaughter C.A.; Miller K.H.; Dowd L.J.) College of Nursing, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.H. Christensen, College of Nursing, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. SOURCE Nursing spectrum (D.C./Baltimore metro ed.) (1999) 9:8 (12-14). Date of Publication: 19 Apr 1999 ISSN 1098-9153 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) pathological gambling patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human methodology nursing assessment patient referral prevalence psychological aspect review United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10562204 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10562204) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 882 TITLE Substance abuse among nursing students. Establishing a comprehensive policy and procedure for faculty intervention. AUTHOR NAMES Clark C.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark C.M.) Boise State University, Idaho, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.M. Clark, Boise State University, Idaho, USA. Email: cclark@bsu.idbsu.edu SOURCE Nurse educator (1999) 24:2 (16-19). Date of Publication: 1999 Mar-Apr ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Substance abuse among nursing students is a significant problem requiring careful and prudent consideration. Studies reveal that many impaired professional nurses were addicted as students. This article provides a step-by-step guideline for developing comprehensive procedures for faculty who must deal with chemically-impaired. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health service nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care quality human organization and management policy program development psychological aspect public relations social support statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10410019 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10410019) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 883 TITLE Assessing nursing students' basic communication and interviewing skills: the development and testing of a rating scale. AUTHOR NAMES Arthur D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arthur D.) Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Arthur, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1999) 29:3 (658-665). Date of Publication: Mar 1999 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT This study explores the communication skills of a group of nursing students who were required to interview a simulated client as part of their studies. In order to assess the students and to improve the process of learning discrete skills, an instrument was developed and tested as part of this process. The subjects were 212 nurses enrolled in a bachelor of nursing programme, in New South Wales, Australia, who were studying a problem-based learning package the focus of which was 'alcohol early intervention'. The sub-groups within the sample included registered nurses, a significant percentage of whom had completed their basic nursing education in overseas countries. The Simulated Client Interview Rating Scale (SCIRS) was developed to assess basic humanistic communication skills as well as beginning motivational interviewing skills. The students were required to interview a simulated client and demonstrate competence in interviewing. This was assessed by the SCIRS which was completed by the students and the simulated clients. The instrument proved to be a reliable and valid means of assessing student interview technique as well as a flexible educational tool, while valuable insights into students' interviewing techniques were gained. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education interpersonal communication nurse patient relationship nursing education psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (rehabilitation) analysis of variance article Australia clinical trial crossover procedure human methodology nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10210463 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10210463) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 884 TITLE Promoting family-centered care with foster families. AUTHOR NAMES Barton S.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Barton S.J.) College of Nursing and Clinical Nurse Researcher, University of Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.J. Barton, College of Nursing and Clinical Nurse Researcher, University of Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, USA. SOURCE Pediatric nursing (1999) 25:1 (57-59). Date of Publication: 1999 Jan-Feb ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT There has been a tremendous increase in the need for foster families since the 1980s largely because of the effects of drug abuse on the child and the biological family. As many as 500,000 children are currently living with foster families. Many children living with foster families were exposed to drugs before birth. Even those not exposed before birth demonstrate the effects of having lived with drug-abusing family members. Family life for these children is very often chaotic and unpredictable. There are increased health care needs for foster children due to drug-exposure and neglect. Yet, research suggests that the health care needs of foster children are often neglected. Foster families report that their concerns and needs are, frequently, neither recognized nor addressed by health professionals. Pediatric nurses can improve health care by increasing their awareness of the special needs of foster families and foster children. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child welfare family health foster care health promotion patient care pediatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult child human methodology needs assessment psychological aspect review statistics United States work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10335250 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10335250) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 885 TITLE Alcohol and drug misuse in the nursing home AUTHOR NAMES Joseph C.L. Harvath T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joseph C.L.; Harvath T.) Honolulu VAMROC, P.O. Box 50188, Honolulu, HI 96850, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Joseph, Honolulu VAMROC, P.O. Box 50188, Honolulu, HI 96850, United States. SOURCE Journal of Mental Health and Aging (1998) 4:2 (251-269). Date of Publication: 1998 ISSN 1078-4470 ABSTRACT Substance misuse is a common, treatable cause of morbidity and mortality among nursing home (NH) residents. Problematic substance use may be initiated by the resident him- or herself as in the case of tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs; or may be visited on the resident by health care providers in the form of inappropriate prescribing. This review covers the practical aspects of recognizing and managing substance misuse problems in the NH setting. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism drug dependence substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article caregiver health care personnel human nursing home prescription smoking EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998370528 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 886 TITLE Nursing students with disabilities. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy G.T. Brennan M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy G.T.; Brennan M.) Dalhousie University School of Nursing, Halifax, N.S. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.T. Murphy, Dalhousie University School of Nursing, Halifax, N.S. SOURCE The Canadian nurse (1998) 94:10 (31-34). Date of Publication: Nov 1998 ISSN 0008-4581 ABSTRACT Nursing is a self-licensing profession with an ever-increasing responsibility to develop and sustain public trust. Thus, there is a need for nurses not only to be accountable and trustworthy but to be perceived by the public as accountable and trustworthy. Recognizing the special need for trust in caregivers, the Faculty of Health Professions at Dalhousie University has recently instituted a policy enabling its schools to suspend or terminate a student from a program based on the student's professional unsuitability. Unsuitability could include a type of conduct (criminal behavior, substance abuse or unethical behavior) or a health impairment that affects the student's ability to meet performance requirements. The challenge for the health profession schools, including Nursing, is to develop specific guidelines for implementing the policy. Guidelines on performance requirements for students with disabilities will be particularly difficult to define. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) disabled person education nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction Canada crime human medical ethics organization and management policy review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10025278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10025278) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 887 TITLE A chemical dependence clinical experience. AUTHOR NAMES Freed P.E. York L.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Freed P.E.; York L.N.) Barnes College of Nursing, University of Missouri, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.E. Freed, Barnes College of Nursing, University of Missouri, USA. SOURCE Nurse educator (1998) 23:5 (13-15). Date of Publication: 1998 Sep-Oct ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Chemical dependence treatment clinical experiences in undergraduate nursing programs can provide appropriate entry-level experiences for students in community settings when supervised adequately and arranged carefully. They increase students' awareness of the pervasiveness of alcohol and substance-related problems and its impact on individuals, families, and societies. With careful attention to entry barriers and orientation issues, faculty can develop clinical sites that provide a wealth of experience and opportunity for students to develop themselves both personally and professionally. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing nursing student psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9866555 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9866555) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 888 TITLE Are practice nurses an unexplored resource in the identification and management of alcohol misuse? Results from a study of practice nurses in England and Wales in 1995. AUTHOR NAMES Deehan A. Templeton L. Taylor C. Drummond C. Strang J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Deehan A.; Templeton L.; Taylor C.; Drummond C.; Strang J.) National Addiction Centre, London, England. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Deehan, National Addiction Centre, London, England. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1998) 28:3 (592-597). Date of Publication: Sep 1998 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT Changes in the health promotional work undertaken in primary care, including the work needed to meet the 'Health of the Nation' alcohol targets, have led to a rapid expansion of the number of practice nurses in England and Wales. However, there has been little evaluation of this role. This study provides data, for the first time at a national level, about practice nurses' work in identifying and managing patients drinking above recommended sensible guidelines. Data were collected by postal questionnaire from all nurses in a 50% random sample of 1852 practices (drawn from a general practitioner (GP) national study, undertaken at the same time). 43% of nurses responded from 62% of the targeted practices. Respondents reported identifying a mean of 3.1 patients per month who were drinking above recommended sensible guidelines. These patients tended to be male, above 40 years of age and in contact with the nurse for the first time about this problem. Most patients were categorized as having a potential alcohol problem; few were classified as currently dependent. Very little intervention work was undertaken by nurses except for referral to the GP. If real progress is to be made in meeting the 'Health of the Nation' targets on population alcohol consumption, then primary care work in identifying alcohol misusing patients needs to be developed as a matter of urgency. The patients identified by practice nurses are those patients relevant to the 'Health of the Nation' alcohol targets. More emphasis needs to be placed on the valuable contribution practice nurses can make, particularly through the use of screening instruments and brief interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) health promotion nurse practitioner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female human male nursing questionnaire randomized controlled trial United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9756228 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9756228) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 889 TITLE Adolescent medicine training in pediatric residency programs: Are we doing a good job? AUTHOR NAMES Emans S.J. Bravender T. Knight J. Frazer C. Luoni M. Berkowitz C. Armstrong E. Goodman E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Emans S.J.; Bravender T.; Luoni M.; Goodman E.) Div. of Adol./Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. (Knight J.; Frazer C.) Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States. (Emans S.J.; Bravender T.; Knight J.; Frazer C.; Armstrong E.; Goodman E.) Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. (Berkowitz C.) Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States. (Armstrong E.) Office of Educational Development, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. (Emans S.J.) Div. of Adol./Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.J. Emans, Div. of Adolescent/Young Adult Med., Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States. SOURCE Pediatrics (1998) 102:3 I (588-595). Date of Publication: September 1998 ISSN 0031-4005 BOOK PUBLISHER American Academy of Pediatrics, 141 Northwest Point Blvd, P.O. Box 927, Elk Grove Village, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives. To determine how pediatric residency programs are responding to the new challenges of teaching adolescent medicine (AM) to residents by assessing whether manpower is adequate for training, whether AM curricula and skills are adequately covered by training programs, what types of teaching methodologies are used to train residents in AM, and the needs for new curricular materials to teach AM. Design. A 3-part 92-item survey mailed to all US pediatric residency training programs. Setting. Pediatric residency programs. Participants. Residency program directors and directors of AM training. Main Outcome Measures. AM divisional structure, clinical sites of training, presence of a block rotation, and faculty of pediatric training programs; training materials used and desired in AM; perceived adequacy of coverage of various AM topics; competency of residents in performing pelvic examinations in sexually active teens; and manpower needs. Results. A total of 155/211 (73.5%) of programs completed the program director and the AM parts of the survey. Ninety-six percent of programs (size range, 5-120 residents) had an AM block rotation and 90% required the AM block; those without a block rotation were more likely to be larger programs. Only 39% of programs felt that the number of AM faculty was adequate for teaching residents. Almost half of the programs reported lack of time, faculty, and curricula to teach content in substance abuse. Besides physicians, AM teachers included nurse practitioners (28%), psychologists (25%), and social workers (19%). Topics most often cited as adequately covered included sexually transmitted diseases (81.9%), confidentiality (79.4%), puberty (77.0%), contraception (76.1%), and menstrual problems (73.5%). Topics least often cited as adequately covered included psychological testing (16.1%), violence in relationships (20.0%), violence and weapon-carrying (29.7%), and sports medicine (29.7%). Fifty-eight percent of 137 respondents thought that all or nearly all of their residents were competent in performing pelvic examinations by the end of training; there was no difference between perceived competence and the residents' use of procedure books. Seventy-four percent used a specific curriculum for teaching AM; materials included chapters/articles (85%), lecture outlines (76.1%), slides (41.9%), videos (35.5%), written case studies (24.5%), computerized cases (6.5%), and CD- ROMs (3.2%). Fifty-two percent used Bright Futures, 48% used the Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services, and 14% used the Guide to Clinical Preventive Services for teaching clinical preventive services. Programs that used Bright Futures were more likely to feel that preventive services were adequately covered in their programs than those who did not (78% vs 57%). A majority of programs desired more learner-centered materials. Conclusions. Although almost all pediatric programs are now providing AM rotations, there is significant variability in adequacy of training across multiple topics important for resident education. Programs desire more learner-centered materials and more faculty to provide comprehensive resident education in AM. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) residency education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child health care clinical education confidentiality contraception medical education menstruation disorder pediatrics priority journal puberty sexually transmitted disease sports medicine violence EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998301109 MEDLINE PMID 9738181 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9738181) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.102.3.588 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 890 TITLE Alcohol-related problems: a critical review of the literature and directions in nurse education. AUTHOR NAMES Arthur D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arthur D.) Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Arthur, Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong. SOURCE Nurse education today (1998) 18:6 (477-487). Date of Publication: Aug 1998 ISSN 0260-6917 ABSTRACT It is generally accepted the around 2-5% of the adult population show major signs of alcohol dependence, that alcohol-related harm is experienced by up to 20% of the population, and that approximately 60% drink at risk-free levels. Further prevalence studies show that there are high numbers of problem drinkers who attend general hospital services for reasons other than their alcohol consumption. Nurses are in constant contact with patients who may have an early problem with alcohol but who are admitted for other reasons, and they are in a prime position to comprehensively assess patients (including alcohol screening), develop rapport and provide 'counselling'. Also, university nursing education is propelling nurses toward adoption of independent discipline focused models of care which are increasingly becoming independent of the medical model. Recent trends in the management of problem drinkers suggest that controlled drinking approaches may well offer treatment options to nurses that the traditional abstinence approaches did not. This paper presents a brief overview of the notion of controlled drinking, then critically reviews the nursing research studies and the descriptive literature providing direction for nursing education. Some recent clinical initiatives are discussed which highlight the flaws existing in nursing education, including lack of sufficient curriculum hours and the need for better designed education models and strategies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult human model nursing organization and management professional practice review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9847741 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9847741) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 891 TITLE A satisfaction survey on distance education: a model for educating nurses in the cognitive treatment of patients with addictive disorders. AUTHOR NAMES Reilly C.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reilly C.E.) College of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.E. Reilly, College of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1998) 36:7 (38-41). Date of Publication: Jul 1998 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT Nurses need to be educated and trained in the assessment and treatment of substance abuse, because 25% to 50% of their patients struggle with this problem. Cognitive therapy takes a problem-solving approach and can be used independently, or in conjunction with, psychopharmacological or 12-step programs. Course participants who made use of the distant education format found the information they learned helpful in their current practice. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) cognitive therapy continuing education health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student psychiatric nursing telecommunication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education educational model health care quality human organization and management psychological aspect psychological model questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9670120 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9670120) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 892 TITLE Self-resolution of drinking problems as a process of reinvesting in self. AUTHOR NAMES Finfgeld D.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Finfgeld D.L.) Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.L. Finfgeld, Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA. SOURCE Perspectives in psychiatric care (1998) 34:3 (5-15). Date of Publication: 1998 Jul-Sep ISSN 0031-5990 ABSTRACT PROBLEM: Resolution of alcohol problems without formal treatment or participation in self-help groups. METHODS: Qualitative study using grounded theory (N = 11). FINDINGS: The onset of alcohol problems begins with negligible penalties. Over time, the cost-benefit ratio of drinking habits continues to rise and the risks become too great. Individuals find it necessary to change their drinking patterns by reinvesting in themselves. Assets such as the ongoing availability of information, life-management skills, and self-confidence promote the change process; cultural mores and behaviors of some healthcare providers serve as liabilities. The dividends of self-resolving alcohol problems include self-pride, mental and physical health, conscientious work performance, rewarding relationships, enhancement of creative talents, and spiritual well-being. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses can play an important role in promoting self-resolution of alcohol problems by providing accurate information and encouraging clients to reinvest in long-standing priorities and values. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) health promotion self care self concept EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health cost of illness female human male methodology middle aged nursing nursing methodology research psychiatric nursing psychological aspect psychological model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9847834 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9847834) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 893 TITLE Drinking decisions. An innovative approach to problem drinking. AUTHOR NAMES McNaughton S. Sauvé L. Ashmore J. Robson E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McNaughton S.; Sauvé L.; Ashmore J.; Robson E.) Capital Health, Community Care and Public Health, Edmonton. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. McNaughton, Capital Health, Community Care and Public Health, Edmonton. SOURCE The Canadian nurse (1998) 94:6 (26-29). Date of Publication: Jun 1998 ISSN 0008-4581 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) community health nursing health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada consumer education health care quality human organization and management patient selection LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9677906 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9677906) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 894 TITLE A joint effort. AUTHOR NAMES Porter R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Porter R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Porter, SOURCE Nursing times (1998) 94:18 (14). Date of Publication: 1998 May 6-12 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health care policy health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human national health service nursing discipline United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9633404 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9633404) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 895 TITLE Improving interactions between substance abusing mothers and their substance-exposed newborns. AUTHOR NAMES French E.D. Pituch M. Brandt J. Pohorecki S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (French E.D.; Pituch M.; Brandt J.; Pohorecki S.) Lourdes College, Sylvania, OH, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.D. French, Lourdes College, Sylvania, OH, USA. SOURCE Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG (1998) 27:3 (262-269). Date of Publication: 1998 May-Jun ISSN 0884-2175 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine whether teaching comforting and interacting techniques within 24 hours of delivery to substance-abusing mothers will improve mother-infant interactions 48-72 hours after discharge. DESIGN: An experimental three-group, random assignment, pretest-posttest design. SETTING: Mothers attending a clinic serving a mostly indigent population. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-three women whose urine was positive for drug use were invited to participate. Sixty mother-newborn couplets completed the study. INTERVENTIONS: Two observers, blind to the mothers' drug history, completed the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale (NCAFS) of all participants within 24 hours of delivery. Mothers in the experimental group were given the intervention. The observers completed the NCAFS in the mothers' homes 48-72 hours after discharge. RESULTS: At the home visit, couplets in the treatment group showed significant improvement in their total NCAFS score (F = 5.18; p = .008). When analyzed separately, only maternal scores showed a significant difference between the treatment and control groups at the home visit (F = 6.48; p = .0029). CONCLUSIONS: Nurses, by demonstrating caregiving behavior, can help mothers recognize and respond to newborns' behavioral cues, thus enhancing mother-newborn interactions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction child parent relation feeding behavior patient education withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult analysis of variance article association cannabis addiction clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study female human newborn nursing randomized controlled trial United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9620818 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9620818) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 896 TITLE Talking with patients and families about addiction. AUTHOR NAMES McCaffery M. Pasero C.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCaffery M.; Pasero C.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. McCaffery, SOURCE The American journal of nursing (1998) 98:3 (18-21). Date of Publication: Mar 1998 ISSN 0002-936X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate addiction pain (drug therapy, etiology) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chronic disease family fear human neoplasm nursing pathophysiology psychological aspect risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9536172 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9536172) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 897 TITLE Caring by degrees. AUTHOR NAMES Ward C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ward C.) School of Nursing, Curtin University of Technology, Perth. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Ward, School of Nursing, Curtin University of Technology, Perth. SOURCE Contemporary nurse : a journal for the Australian nursing profession (1998) 7:1 (24-28). Date of Publication: Mar 1998 ISSN 1037-6178 ABSTRACT Caring is synonymous with nursing and, regardless of the culture, race, lifestyle or sexuality of clients, nurses should care for all clients. However, the emergence of HIV/AIDS brought a new and quite different challenge to nurses with regard to willingness to care. Some nurses expressed a negative attitude toward, and reluctance to care for, those clients with HIV/AIDS, mainly due to fear of contagion based on ignorance about the disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was firstly to determine if there were differences in attitudes toward caring for clients with HIV/AIDS in the three different at-risk groups (homosexuals, intravenous drug users and haemophiliacs), as expressed by nursing students at the beginning (Semester 1) and at the end (Semester 7) of a three-and-a-half-year nursing degree programme. The second determination was whether or not there were differences between the two groups of students regarding their knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Data results indicated no significant difference between the two groups of students in regard to caring attitude towards members of the at-risk groups and knowledge of AIDS. This paper discusses the implications of the research findings for nursing and further research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome attitude to health empathy health personnel attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cross-sectional study disease transmission female hemophilia A (complication) homosexuality human male nursing nursing education psychological aspect social psychology substance abuse (complication) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9764005 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9764005) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 898 TITLE Nurses' attitudes towards alcoholism: factor analysis of three commonly used scales. AUTHOR NAMES Pillon S. Laranjeira R. Dunn J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pillon S.; Laranjeira R.; Dunn J.) Department of Gastroenterology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Pillon, Department of Gastroenterology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Brazil. Email: pillon@psiquiatria.epm.br SOURCE São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina (1998) 116:2 (1661-1666). Date of Publication: 1998 Mar-Apr ISSN 1516-3180 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate the psychometric properties of three scales commonly used to measure attitudes and beliefs about alcoholism. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study using a systematic sample. SETTING: Hospital São Paulo (a public general tertiary hospital) and the adjoining Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: 310 nurses and nursing teachers. INSTRUMENTS: The Marcus Alcoholism Questionnaire, The Seaman Mannello Nurses' Attitudes Towards Alcohol and Alcoholism Scale and The Tolor-Tamarin Attitudes Towards Alcoholism Scale, which were combined into one self-administered questionnaire. ANALYSIS: The scales were re-grouped into their original formats and each underwent a principal components analysis with orthogonal rotation of factors. RESULTS: Each scale was found to consist of three main factors. There was some degree of overlap in the nature of the factors that the scales measured but each scale also measured something unique. CONCLUSION: The results of this comparative analysis could be used as a basis for developing a new scale covering all the important attitudinal groups identified by this study. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) health personnel attitude nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study factorial analysis human psychometry questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9778885 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9778885) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 899 TITLE Use of antipsychotic drugs in nursing homes: Current compliance with OBRA regulations AUTHOR NAMES Llorente M.D. Olsen E.J. Leyva O. Silverman M.A. Lewis J.E. Rivero J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Silverman M.A.; Lewis J.E.; Rivero J.) University of Miami, School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States. (Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Rivero J.) UPBEAT Program, Miami Vet. Admin. Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States. (Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Silverman M.A.; Rivero J.) Miami Vet. Admin. Medical Center, Geriatric Res., Educ. and Clin. Ctr., Miami, FL, United States. (Llorente M.D.) UPBEAT, Dept. of Psychiatric, Vet.' Administration Medical Center, 1201 NW 16 St., Miami, FL 33125, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Llorente, UPBEAT, Psychia. Vet. Admin. Med. Ctr. Dept., 1201 NW 16 St., Miami, FL 33125, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1998) 46:2 (198-201). Date of Publication: February 1998 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree and patterns of compliance with the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) regulations regarding the use of antipsychotic drugs in nursing homes. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of all resident records. PARTICIPANTS: Eight nursing homes: five community, two county-owned, and one university-affiliated Veterans Administration facility. MEASUREMENTS: A structured assessment instrument to track compliance with each aspect of the OBRA regulations regarding antipsychotic drug use. RESULTS: A total of 1573 nursing home residents' pharmacy records were reviewed between August 1994 and March 1996. Two hundred seventy-nine residents were actively taking antipsychotic medications (prevalence = 17.7%). Mean compliance greater than 70% was found for (1) appropriate diagnostic indication (X̄ = 70.9%), (2) dosage within recommended limits (X̄ = 90.1%), and 3) documented appropriate target symptoms (X̄ = 90.4%). Dosages were more likely to exceed limits in those patients with histories of major mental illness, particularly schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing homes were better able to comply with those guidelines that are most specific. Educational interventions now need to focus on behavioral interventions, monitoring of adverse effects, and efficacy. These data are useful in establishing threshold levels of performance and can be used by nursing homes for continuous quality improvement. OBRA continues to impact neuroleptic drug prescribing practices in nursing homes significantly. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug legislation drug misuse nursing home schizophrenia (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aggression agitation article behavior therapy clinical practice cost control drug effect drug indication elderly care health education human major clinical study paranoia (epidemiology, side effect) practice guideline prevalence EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998058235 MEDLINE PMID 9475449 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9475449) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 900 TITLE Newer psychotropic medication use in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Lasser R.A. Sunderland T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lasser R.A.; Sunderland T.) Geriatric Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. (Lasser R.A.) Bldg. 10, NIMH, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1264, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.A. Lasser, Bldg 10, Clinical Center, MSC 1264, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1264, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1998) 46:2 (202-207). Date of Publication: February 1998 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of newer psychotropic agents in nursing home residents in the era of new Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) guidelines. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of referrals to an on-site geriatric psychiatry service in seven Eastern Massachusetts facilities during 1995-1996. SUBJECTS: The 298 patients examined included 226 women and 72 men with a mean (SD) age of 81.9 (9.4) years. MEASUREMENTS: Patient demographics, psychiatric history and medical diagnoses, prescribed medication information, and mental status examination results were recorded systematically. Descriptive statistics of demographics, medication use, and dosing were generated, and comparative analyses were performed by chi-square, ANOVA, and Tukey's tests. RESULTS: Overall, 69% of subjects were taking at least one psychotropic medication. Although benzodiazepines (32%) and antipsychotics (42%) were used by a large portion of subjects, antidepressants (61%) were the most commonly prescribed psychotropic, with 53% taking serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The atypical antipsychotic, risperidone, accounted for more than 30% of antipsychotic prescriptions. Low rates of anticholinergic use and low doses and rates of tricyctic antidepressant use were found in Alzheimer's disease patients. Mean dosing of the psychotropic agents fell within HCFA guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Newer-generation psychotropics have had a significant impact on the prescribing practices of primary physicians in treating nursing home residents. Of clinical importance is the high rate of antidepressant use in a population that has traditionally received inadequate pharmacotherapy for depression. More studies are needed to examine a shift to the use of other psychotropic drugs in this population in the post-HCFA area. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) cholinergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) sedative agent (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS amfebutamone (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) amitriptyline (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) antihistaminic agent (drug therapy) benzatropine (drug therapy) carbamazepine (drug therapy) chlorpromazine (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) clozapine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) diphenhydramine (drug therapy) fluphenazine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) hydroxyzine (drug therapy) lithium carbonate (drug therapy) nefazodone (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) olanzapine (drug therapy) quetiapine (drug therapy) risperidone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) tiotixene (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) trazodone (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) trifluoperazine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) valproic acid (drug therapy) venlafaxine (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use mental disease (drug therapy, epidemiology) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged Alzheimer disease (drug therapy, epidemiology) anxiety neurosis (drug therapy, epidemiology) article bipolar disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology) clinical practice depression (drug therapy, epidemiology) drug efficacy drug indication drug legislation drug misuse extrapyramidal symptom (drug therapy, side effect) female human institutional care major clinical study male practice guideline schizophrenia (drug therapy, epidemiology) tardive dyskinesia (drug therapy, side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) benzatropine (86-13-5) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0) clozapine (5786-21-0) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) fluphenazine (146-56-5, 69-23-8) haloperidol (52-86-8) hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2) lithium carbonate (554-13-2) nefazodone (82752-99-6, 83366-66-9) olanzapine (132539-06-1) quetiapine (111974-72-2) risperidone (106266-06-2) tiotixene (5591-45-7) trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2) trifluoperazine (117-89-5, 440-17-5) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) venlafaxine (93413-69-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998058236 MEDLINE PMID 9475450 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9475450) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 901 TITLE Urine drug testing for social service agencies in Nova Scotia, Canada AUTHOR NAMES Fraser A.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fraser A.D., adfraser@is.dal.ca) Qu. Elizabeth II Hlth. Sci. Centre, Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, 1278 Tower Road, Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada. (Fraser A.D., adfraser@is.dal.ca) Qu. Elizabeth II Hlth. Sci. Centre, 1278 Tower Road, Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.D. Fraser, Clinical and Forensic Toxicologist, Queen Elizabeth II Hlth. Sci. Centre, 1278 Tower Road, Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada. Email: adfraser@is.dal.ca SOURCE Journal of Forensic Sciences (1998) 43:1 (194-196). Date of Publication: January 1998 ISSN 0022-1198 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT In Nova Scotia Canada, governmental authorities expressed concern in the late 1980s about the adverse effects of drug use by parents on the welfare of their children. Since 1991, parents with a history of drug abuse may be required to submit to urine drug and alcohol testing when ordered by the Family Courts of this province. The objective of this paper is to present this drug testing program and the results of drug testing on 125 clients from 1994-1996. Urine specimens were collected in the parents' residence by a nurse and transferred directly to the laboratory by the collector or a courier. Specimens were screened by immunoassay and TLC followed by GC-MS confirmation. Results were sent directly to the social worker. In the 3,613 urine specimens analyzed, 50.2% of specimens were negative, 45.6% were positive for one or more drug/metabolite and 4.2% of specimens were dilute (creatinine <25 mg/dL). The distribution of positive results were: cannabinoids (11.5%), cocaine metabolite (5.0%), benzodiazepines (14.5%), codeine/morphine (7.1%), codeine (6.6%), diphenhydramine (2.2%) and ethyl alcohol (1.6%). Drug testing has been considered a success by these agencies since testing provides an objective indication of recent drug use and the overall prevalence of drug use in this drug abusing population has reduced from 100% to <50%. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol amphetamine barbituric acid benzodiazepine cannabinoid cocaine codeine diphenhydramine methaqualone methylphenidate morphine opiate pethidine phencyclidine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse drug urine level EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abuse article Canada drug screening forensic medicine gas chromatography human laboratory test major clinical study mass spectrometry priority journal social work substance abuse thin layer chromatography CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) barbituric acid (6191-25-9, 67-52-7) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) codeine (76-57-3) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) methaqualone (340-56-7, 72-44-6, 8056-67-5) methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998043295 MEDLINE PMID 9456542 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9456542) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 902 TITLE Physician and staff assessments of drug interventions and outcomes in Swedish nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Schmidt I.K. Claesson C.B. Westerholm B. Nilsson L.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schmidt I.K.) Apoteksbolaget, S-10514, Stockholm, Sweden. (Claesson C.B.) Natl. Bd. of Health and Welfare, Stockholm, Sweden. (Westerholm B.) Nepi Foundation, S-10514, Stockholm, Sweden. (Nilsson L.G.) Pharmaceutical Affairs, Apoteksbolaget, S-10514, Stockholm, Sweden. (Schmidt I.K.) 425 North Charter St., Madison, WI 53706, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I.K. Schmidt, 425 North Charter St., Madison, WI 53706, United States. SOURCE Annals of Pharmacotherapy (1998) 32:1 (27-32). Date of Publication: January 1998 ISSN 1060-0280 BOOK PUBLISHER Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To describe the type and frequency of drug-related problems discussed in regular team meetings conducted in 15 Swedish nursing homes and report physician and staff assessments of these intervations and residents outcome. DATA SOURCES AND METHOD: The data were collected within the context of a controlled trial with the primary aim of exploring the effects of regular team interventions on chug prescribing practices in Swedish nursing homes. In 15 experimental nursing homes, the residents' drug therapy was discussed regularly by a team consisting of a pharmacist, a physician, nurses, undernurses (similar to licensed practical nurses), and nurse's aides. The pharmacist documented problems, marie changes, and observed outcomes. Following the intervention period, a questionnaire was sent to the medical staff that contained items regarding perceived outcomes, the intervention's impact on knowledge of drug therapy in the elderly, and attitudes toward the pharmacist's role. RESULTS: Unclear indication and problematic choice of drugs were the most common drug-related problems discussed. In 19% of the situations, therapy changes were reported to have had a beneficial effect on the residents' clinical status; in 47% of the situations, staff reported no observable outcome from changes, suggesting that the changes had been appropriate. Finally, medical staff claimed in the follow-up survey that their knowledge about drug therapy had increased they expressed an overall positive attitude toward this interactive collaboration. CONCLUSION: Regular interventions conducted by a multidisciplinary team incorporating a pharmacist can effectively improve prescribing practices, increase staff knowledge about appropriate drug therapy in the elderly, and result in improved quality of care for nursing home residents. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS anxiolytic agent benzodiazepine derivative hypnotic agent neuroleptic agent tricyclic antidepressant agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use geriatric care medical staff nursing home nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study drug choice female health care quality human major clinical study male outcomes research patient attitude pharmacist practice guideline prescription priority journal questionnaire randomized controlled trial residential care Sweden EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Pharmacy (39) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, French EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998062057 MEDLINE PMID 9475816 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9475816) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.17104 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 903 TITLE Pain knowledge and attitudes of healthcare providers: Practice characteristic differences AUTHOR NAMES Lebovits A.H. Florence I. Bathina R. Hunko V. Fox M.T. Bramble C.Y. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lebovits A.H.) Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States. (Florence I.; Bathina R.) Pain Management Service, Department of Anesthesiology, State Univ. New York Hlth. Sci. C.B., Brooklyn, NY, United States. (Hunko V.) Department of Quality Management, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States. (Fox M.T.; Bramble C.Y.) Department of Nursing, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States. (Lebovits A.H.) Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.H. Lebovits, Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States. SOURCE Clinical Journal of Pain (1997) 13:3 (237-243). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0749-8047 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of different healthcare professionals regarding pain issues such as addiction, the assessment of pain, scheduling, use of analgesics, and pediatric pain. Additionally, to determine whether differences exist based on hospital setting, years of service, clinical practice area, and country of origin. Design: A total of 686 nurses, physicians, pharmacists, and medical/nursing students from three hospitals completed a 17-item survey evaluating knowledge and beliefs about pain. Setting: The three hospital settings were a large city hospital, a private community hospital, and a state medical school- based hospital. Results: The overall percentage 'correct' score was only 56%. Physicians scored significantly higher, and pharmacists scored significantly lower than other groups. Nurses scored significantly less concordantly than physicians on 11 of the 17 items. Those identifying anesthesiology as their clinical practice area scored significantly higher than all other areas, whereas those practicing within medicine demonstrated significantly more 'correct' scores than those in surgery. City hospital respondents scored significantly lower than professionals practicing in the other two hospitals; non-U.S. country of origin professionals scored significantly lower than U.S. country of origin healthcare professionals. There were no significant differences based on postgraduate years of practice. Conclusions: Significant knowledge deficits regarding currently accepted principles of pain management practice as well as beliefs that could interfere with optimal care, mandate a need for educational interventions. Significant differences by profession, clinical practice area, and hospital setting reflect populations to be targeted for interventions. Unwarranted fear of addiction is a misunderstood and important concept that needs to be addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude health care personnel pain professional practice EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction analgesia article clinical practice drug use medical student nurse pharmacist physician priority journal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Anesthesiology (24) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997380849 MEDLINE PMID 9303256 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9303256) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199709000-00009 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 904 TITLE Demystifying the Betty Ford Clinic: an immersion experience. AUTHOR NAMES Pollack L.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pollack L.E.) University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Nursing 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.E. Pollack, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Nursing 77030, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1997) 35:12 (14-19). Date of Publication: Dec 1997 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. The purpose of the Betty Ford Clinic (BFC) Professional in Residence (PIR) Inpatient Program is to increase participants' understanding and awareness of chemical dependency and its treatment. 2. Current alcoholism treatment is a combination of medical, psychosocial, psychological, and spiritual modalities interacting in a framework designed to help the individual achieve and sustain sobriety (Collins, 1993); all of these treatment components are evident in the BFC Model. 3. Double-blind studies are not conducted at the BFC for ethical reasons, which are one of the many difficulties inherent in the use of conventional control designs for assessing the treatment effectiveness of residential drug abuse programs (De Leon, Inciardi, & Martin, 1995). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) drug dependence treatment hospital patient nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior alcoholics anonymous article human organization and management outcome assessment patient care psychiatric nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9436161 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9436161) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 905 TITLE Changes of smoking habits and beliefs during nurse training: A longitudinal study AUTHOR NAMES Boccoli E. Federici A. Trianni G.L. Melani A.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boccoli E.) Ctro. Stud. e la Prev. Oncologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze, Italy. (Federici A.) Sc. Infermieri Professionali B., Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze, Italy. (Trianni G.L.) Direzione Sanitaria, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze, Italy. (Melani A.S.) Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, Siena, Italy. (Melani A.S.) Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Ospedale Le Scotte, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, Viale Bracci, I-53100 Siena, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.S. Melani, Fisiopatologia Respiratoria, Ospedale Le Scotte, Azienda Ospedaliera Senese, Viale Bracci, I-53100 Siena, Italy. SOURCE European Journal of Epidemiology (1997) 13:8 (899-902). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0393-2990 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT This prospective cohort study has been performed to evaluate the changes in student nurses smoking habits and beliefs during their training. The source of information was an anonymous questionnaire about tobacco smoking, administered to students who entered the first year of School of Nursing in Florence in 1991-1992, 1992-1993 and 1993-1994. Five hundred and thirty-six (95%) of these student nurses completed the questionnaire. Five hundred and one (93%) of these 536 respondents completed the questionnaire again at the end of the third (final) year of training. Student nurses who smoked increased the average number of cigarettes smoked per day (p < 0.01) and the degree of dependence to nicotine (p < 0.01). Tobacco smoking remained widespread and the percentage of ex-smokers who started smoking again increased (p < 0.05). The knowledge about the health hazards due to tobacco smoking remained generic and the prevalence of current smokers among student nurses and health care workers was overestimated. We conclude that Nursing School does not succeed in reducing the smoking habits of students. Effective antitobacco strategies and smoking cessation services still need be organized in Italy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse training smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article caregiver cohort analysis female habit health care personnel health hazard health service human Italy longitudinal study major clinical study male smoking cessation EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1998032329 MEDLINE PMID 9476819 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9476819) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007437627965 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 906 TITLE Provider training for patient-centered alcohol counseling in a primary care setting AUTHOR NAMES Ockene J.K. Wheeler E.V. Adams A. Hurley T.G. Hebert J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ockene J.K.; Wheeler E.V.; Hurley T.G.; Hebert J.) Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Medical Center, Worcester. (Adams A.) Division of General Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Medical Center, Worcester. (Ockene J.K.) University of Massachusetts, Medical School, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.K. Ockene, University of Massachusetts, Medical School, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655, United States. SOURCE Archives of Internal Medicine (1997) 157:20 (2334-2341). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0003-9926 BOOK PUBLISHER American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of a brief training program on primary care providers' skills, attitudes, and knowledge regarding high-risk and problem drinking. Design: Training plus pretesting and posttesting for program efficacy. Setting: Ambulatory primary care clinic; academic medical center. Participants: Fourteen attending physicians, 12 residents, and 5 nurse practitioners were randomized by clinical team affiliation to a Special Intervention or usual care condition of a larger study. We report the results of the training program for the Special Intervention providers. Intervention: Providers received a 2-hour group training session plus a 10- to 20-minute individual tutorial session 2 to 6 weeks after the group session. The training focused on teaching providers how to perform patient-centered counseling for high-risk and problem drinkers. Main Outcome Measures: Alcohol counseling skills; attitudes regarding preparedness to intervene and perceived importance and usefulness of intervening with high-risk and problem drinkers; and knowledge of the nature, prevalence, and appropriate treatment of alcohol abuse in primary care populations. Results: After training, providers scored significantly higher on measures of counseling skills, preparedness to intervene, perceived usefulness and importance of intervening, and knowledge. Conclusion: A group training program plus brief individual feedback can significantly improve primary care providers' counseling skills, attitudes, and knowledge regarding high-risk and problem drinkers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study education program human nurse practitioner patient counseling physician primary medical care priority journal randomized controlled trial resident EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997345628 MEDLINE PMID 9361574 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9361574) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 907 TITLE The health care cost of drug-related morbidity and mortality in nursing facilities AUTHOR NAMES Boatman J.L. Harrison D.L. Cox E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boatman J.L.; Cox E.) Dept. of Pharm. Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson. (Harrison D.L.) Clin. Invest. Regulatory Office, Fort Sam Houston, TX, United States. (Boatman J.L.) College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, PO Box 210207, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.L. Bootman, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, PO Box 210207, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States. SOURCE Archives of Internal Medicine (1997) 157:18 (2089-2096). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0003-9926 BOOK PUBLISHER American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Preventable drug-related morbidity and mortality within nursing facilities represent a serious problem urgently requiring expert medical attention. The health care costs of drug-related problems can be both immense and avoidable. However, the research to date has been narrow in scope, focusing on the drug costs avoided and failing to consider the wider range of possible negative outcomes and potential drug-related problems. Objectives: To develop a model of therapeutic outcomes resulting from drug therapy within nursing facilities, to estimate the magnitude of the cost of drug-related morbidity and mortality within nursing facilities in the United States, and to assess the impact of pharmacist-conducted, federally mandated, monthly, retrospective review of nursing facility residents' drug regimens in reducing the cost of drug-related morbidity and mortality. Methods: Using decision analysis techniques, a probability pathway model was developed to estimate the cost of drug-related problems within nursing facilities. An expert panel consisting of consultant pharmacists and physicians with practice experience in nursing facilities and geriatric care was surveyed to determine conditional probabilities of therapeutic outcomes attributable to drug therapy. Health care utilization and associated costs derived from negative therapeutic outcomes were estimated. Results: Baseline estimates indicate that the cost of drug-related morbidity and mortality with the services of consultant pharmacists was $4 billion compared with $7.6 billion without the services of consultant pharmacists. Conclusions: Drug-related morbidity and mortality in nursing facilities represent a serious economic problem. For every dollar spent on drugs in nursing facilities, $1.33 in health care resources are consumed in the treatment of drug-related problems. With the current federally mandated drug regimen review, it is estimated that consultant pharmacists help to reduce health care resources attributed to drug-related problems in nursing facilities by $3.6 billion. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug induced disease health care cost nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cause of death clinical feature cost benefit analysis data analysis disease association health care management human major clinical study morbidity mortality priority journal treatment outcome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997309937 MEDLINE PMID 9382665 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9382665) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 908 TITLE Use of analogy to educate clients about the roles of neurotransmitters in addictions. AUTHOR NAMES Calleri P.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Calleri P.P.) Chemical Dependency Unit, Columbus Community Health Center, Division of Buffalo General Hospital, NY, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.P. Calleri, Chemical Dependency Unit, Columbus Community Health Center, Division of Buffalo General Hospital, NY, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1997) 35:11 (14-17). Date of Publication: Nov 1997 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1 The professional nurse who practices within the field of addictions is in an ideal position to serve as an educational conduit and catalyst for promoting understanding of the addictive process. 2 Historically, the use of analogy as a teaching device can be seen in the readings of the Bible to as far back as Plato. 3 The client's level of functioning must be assessed by the professional nurse so that any educational approach or intervention will be designed to meet the appropriate level of the client. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) agents interacting with transmitter, hormone or drug receptors EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS neurotransmitter receptor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article brain human nurse patient relationship nursing pathophysiology physiology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9395984 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9395984) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 909 TITLE Alcohol and other drug issues. AUTHOR NAMES Harvey T. Taplin S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harvey T.; Taplin S.) Western Sydney Drug and Alcohol Services. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Harvey, Western Sydney Drug and Alcohol Services. SOURCE The Lamp (1997) 54:10 (28). Date of Publication: Nov 1997 ISSN 0047-3936 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health health care planning nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia clinical competence human nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9444217 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9444217) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 910 TITLE An alcohol and drug education program for nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Markey B.T. Stone J.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Markey B.T.; Stone J.B.) Department of Nursing, Bloomsburg University, PA, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.T. Markey, Department of Nursing, Bloomsburg University, PA, USA. SOURCE AORN journal (1997) 66:5 (845-853). Date of Publication: Nov 1997 ISSN 0001-2092 ABSTRACT Alcohol and drug use and abuse present serious problems for health care professionals, both as clinicians and abusers. These topics, however, have not been addressed adequately in nursing curricula. Nurses need to know the effects that alcohol and drug use and abuse have on individuals, families, and society. In this article, the authors outline the framework for a course or presentation that reviews the problems and applies the nursing process to the issues. The course can be adapted to meet the needs of nurses in any discipline, including the perioperative area, as well as for other health care providers and community groups. Course content and teaching strategies are included. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology personnel management teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9365794 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9365794) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 911 TITLE Nurses' confidence in caring for patients with alcohol-related problems. AUTHOR NAMES Brown C. Pirmohamed M. Park B.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brown C.; Pirmohamed M.; Park B.K.) Department of Pharmacology, University of Liverpool. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Brown, Department of Pharmacology, University of Liverpool. SOURCE Professional nurse (London, England) (1997) 13:2 (83-86). Date of Publication: Nov 1997 ISSN 0266-8130 ABSTRACT General nurses lack confidence and experience in caring for patients with alcohol-related problems. There is a need for better basic training and continuing education for nurses on alcohol issues. A specialist alcohol nurse could help support patients and staff. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical competence general hospital health personnel attitude human nursing psychological aspect questionnaire United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9407897 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9407897) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 912 TITLE An assessment of substance abuse treatment training needs among nurses (part II): Applying an index of training needs AUTHOR NAMES Vander Bilt J. Hall M.N. Shaffer H.J. Storti S. Church O.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vander Bilt J.; Hall M.N.; Shaffer H.J.; Storti S.; Church O.M.) Division on Addictions, Harvard Medical School, Goldenson Building, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.J. Shaffer, Division on Addictions, Harvard Medical School, Goldenson Building, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Misuse (1997) 2:4 (184-190). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 1357-5007 ABSTRACT This article (part II of a two-part paper) presents the results of a substance abuse treatment training needs assessment study conducted with 133 nurses who were working in randomly selected New England substance abuse treatment facilities. This sample of nurses was derived from a larger survey sample of 1684 substance abuse treatment providers working in randomly selected New England substance abuse treatment facilities. These needs assessment data show that, compared with drug and alcohol counselors, social workers, and physicians or residents, nurses had the highest levels of training need in the three major substance abuse treatment domains investigated in this study. Without training, nurses cannot fulfill their roles in prevention, intervention and treatment. Agencies and institutions concerned with and committed to training health care providers are encouraged to attend to the demonstrated need for training while interest is high and clinical demand is great. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nurse training United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997314295 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 913 TITLE Alcohol education as primary prevention in health care: A replication study AUTHOR NAMES Long P. Gelfand G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Long P.; Gelfand G.) 141 Connecticut Avenue, Freeport, NY 11520, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Long, 141 Connecticut Avenue, Freeport, NY 11520, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Misuse (1997) 2:4 (191-196). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 1357-5007 ABSTRACT This article describes a replication study conducted in South Africa of research previously done by the authors in the USA. The purpose of this study was to identify practicing nurses' knowledge of the biophysiological and psychosocial components of alcohol and its pharmacological effects. Data were also gathered in order to assist nurses in the early identification of individuals at risk for the disease of alcoholism. The study consisted of a non-randomly selected study group for a sample of 114 practicing nurses employed at two hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. The investigation obtained self-reported information by means of a questionnaire. The instrument elicited both demographics and the answers to 25 fixed alternative questions to obtain information in nine topic areas. Findings indicated that none of the nurses were able to answer questions about the biophysiological effect of alcohol. Items related to attitudes were answered correctly by only 44.7%, and questions about pharmacological properties of alcohol were answered incorrectly by 86.8%. Conclusions document a critical need for increased alcohol education in nursing programs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care human nurse primary prevention questionnaire South Africa CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997314296 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 914 TITLE Tried, true, and new: public health nursing in a county substance abuse treatment system. AUTHOR NAMES Littman P.S. Ritterbusch J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Littman P.S.; Ritterbusch J.) Center for Health Policy and Program Evaluation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.S. Littman, Center for Health Policy and Program Evaluation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA. SOURCE Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) (1997) 14:5 (286-292). Date of Publication: Oct 1997 ISSN 0737-1209 ABSTRACT The Milwaukee Target Cities (MTC) project was the only site within 19 federally funded Target Cities programs to feature a public health nursing model as its sole means of providing comprehensive health-related services to indigent substance abuse clients. We first describe MTC's implementation process, focusing on the public health nursing component, and then present a program evaluation section with selected findings from the ongoing qualitative evaluation. Initially, misunderstandings about the nurses' community-based, family-centered strategy of assuring access to health care through cross-system service linkage dogged the nurses' efforts to explain their roles and mission to federal funders, project management, coworkers, and treatment providers. In the end, after federal funding ended, public health nursing left an enduring legacy of partnerships in the county substance abuse treatment system: education about public health nursing, networking, referral processes, and resources to meet the complex health-related needs of indigent substance abusers. Despite the project's many changes, the nurses (a) became specialists in substance abuse, gaining expertise and recognition in a new community, particularly with isolated subpopulations; (b) assured substance abuse clients and their families access to health-related resources through core public health nursing skills; and (c) educated project staff, administrators, providers, and clients about public health nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) community health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female health care planning health care quality human infant model nursing pregnancy preschool child public relations United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9342920 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9342920) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 915 TITLE Psychiatric assessments of nursing home residents under OBRA-87: Should PASARR be reformed? AUTHOR NAMES Borson S. Pierre Loebel J. Kitchell M. Domoto S. Hyde T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Borson S.; Pierre Loebel J.; Kitchell M.) Dept. of Psychiat. and Behav. Sci., University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States. (Pierre Loebel J.; Kitchell M.; Hyde T.) Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States. (Domoto S.) King County PASARR Administration, Seattle, WA, United States. (Borson S.) Box 356560, University of Washington, Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Borson, Box 356560, Univ. of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1997) 45:10 (1173-1181). Date of Publication: October 1997 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: As part of nursing home practice reforms, OBRA-87 mandates formal psychiatric assessments (PASARR) of nursing home residents suspected of having mental disorders, a responsibility it delegates individually to states. We describe the initial year of implementation of the PASARR process in King County, Washington, and characterize the mental disorders and mental health services needs of nursing home residents referred for psychiatric screening. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: The 54 Medicare-certified King County nursing homes (total beds = 7013). PARTICIPANTS: All patients referred for psychiatric evaluation under PASARR (n = 510). MEASUREMENTS: A systematic, multidimensional evaluation including a semistructured psychiatric diagnostic examination, validated measures of cognitive dysfunction, depression, and global psychopathology, functional variables relevant to need for nursing home care, and selected mental health services indicators. RESULTS: Fewer than 10% of all nursing home residents were referred for psychiatric evaluation. A primary mental illness, evenly divided between psychoses and mood disorders, was found in 60% of the sample, and a psychiatric disorder associated with dementia or mental retardation was found in 25%. Six percent had complex neuropsychiatric features defying classification, and 4% had no mental disorder. Other disorders, such as substance abuse, were rare. Cognitive impairment and global psychopathology were prevalent in all diagnostic groups, and depressive symptoms were common even in patients without affective diagnoses. Eighty-eight percent of the sample were appropriately placed, based on their needs for daily care. Fifty- five percent had unmet mental health services needs. CONCLUSIONS: The PASARR referral process detected a group of seriously mentally ill, functionally disabled patients, most of whom required the level of care that nursing homes provide. Depressed and psychiatrically impaired dementia patients were underrepresented in the referral pool as measured against widely accepted prevalence figures for mental disorders in nursing home populations. The PASARR process as currently configured appears to be most efficient in identifying schizophrenic patients, who represent a small minority of nursing home residents, and the skewed sample it generates fails to provide an adequate basis for estimating overall mental health services needed in nursing homes. The PASARR process should be altered to improve referral rates for depressed and behaviorally disturbed dementia patients. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) gerontopsychiatry nursing home psychiatric diagnosis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cognition cognitive defect dementia disease classification mental deficiency mental disease mental health service EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997309173 MEDLINE PMID 9329477 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9329477) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 916 TITLE Alcohol abuse: A source of reversible functional disability among residents of a VA nursing home AUTHOR NAMES Oslin D.W. Streim J.E. Parmelee P. Boyce A.A. Katz I.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Oslin D.W.; Streim J.E.; Parmelee P.; Boyce A.A.; Katz I.R.) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States. (Oslin D.W.) University of Pennsylvania, Ralston-Penn Center, 3615 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.W. Oslin, University of Pennslyvania, Ralston-Penn Center, 3615 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. SOURCE International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (1997) 12:8 (825-832). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0885-6230 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was determined in a sample of 196 VA nursing home residents who were interviewed using the modified Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (mSADS). Of the 160 subjects for whom data were available, 86% had a diagnosis of at least one psychiatric disorder. The prevalence of clinically significant cognitive impairment was 60.6% and of major depression 13.8%. Of 110 residents for whom alcohol histories were obtained, 32 (29%) had a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol abuse. The degree of impairment in activities of daily living improved significantly from the time of admission to the time of the evaluation (average 1.4 years) among those who were recently abusing alcohol compared to those who formerly abused alcohol and those who never abused alcohol. The effect is clinically as well as statistically significant and has the potential benefit of reducing caregiver burden and health care costs for the elderly. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism cognitive defect nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS affective neurosis aged alcohol abuse article controlled study daily life activity depression female health care health care cost human interview major clinical study male mental disease normal human schizophrenia EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997280317 MEDLINE PMID 9283927 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9283927) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199708)12:8<825::AID-GPS646>3.0.CO;2-6 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 917 TITLE Nurses' knowledge of pain assessment and management: How much progress have we made? AUTHOR NAMES McCaffery M. Ferrell B.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCaffery M.) Nursing Department, Los Angeles, CA, United States. (Ferrell B.R.) Nursing Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States. (McCaffery M.) 8347 Kenyon Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90045, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. McCaffery, FAAN, 8347 Kenyon Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90045, United States. SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (1997) 14:3 (175-188). Date of Publication: September 1997 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Undertreatment of pain and lack of knowledge about pain management have been evident for approximately two decades. Because nurses are often the cornerstone of pain management, nurses' knowledge in this area is especially important. This paper explores indications of progress in the level of nursing knowledge about basic aspects of pain management. The literature is reviewed and findings from recent (1995) surveys of nurses' knowledge are compared with results of similar surveys conducted beginning in 1988. Improvements in nurses' knowledge of pain assessment, opioid dosing, and likelihood of addiction seem to have occurred. However, knowledge deficits continue. Fewer than one-half of the nurses surveyed understand that the patient's self report of pain is the single most reliable indicator of pain and that the nurse should increase a previously safe but ineffective dose of opioid. Findings from surveys on addiction reveal that the longer the patient receives opioids the more concerned nurses become about causing addiction. Nevertheless, results of current knowledge surveys of nurses suggest that educational efforts probably have been beneficial and should continue. To maximize the impact of educational efforts, content in basic and continuing education courses should be prioritized and critically evaluated for relevance and accuracy, especially content related to addiction. Early in the education of nurses, responsibility for pain assessment and use of analgesics must be instilled. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) morphine (drug dose, drug therapy) opiate (drug dose, drug therapy) pethidine (drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia nursing pain assessment (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human intramuscular drug administration intravenous drug administration nursing education opiate addiction patient care self report DRUG TRADE NAMES demerol CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Anesthesiology (24) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997271601 MEDLINE PMID 9291704 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9291704) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(97)00170-X COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 918 TITLE Substance abuse education for clinical nurses: a controlled study. AUTHOR NAMES Graham A.V. Christy K. Emmitt-Myers S. Zyzanski S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Graham A.V.; Christy K.; Emmitt-Myers S.; Zyzanski S.) Department of Family Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-5036, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.V. Graham, Department of Family Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-5036, USA. SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1997) 28:5 (217-222). Date of Publication: 1997 Sep-Oct ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A study was conducted to evaluate a substance abuse component of a workshop for nurses being promoted to the position of Advanced Clinical Nurse. METHODS: We compared whether the 88 nurses who received the educational intervention increased their knowledge and enhanced their feelings of competence regarding the care of chemically dependent patients more than a control group of nurses who received the promotion workshop without the substance abuse component. RESULTS: The nurses in the intervention group had greater increases in knowledge and competence. CONCLUSIONS: This study points out the importance of providing hospital nurses with continuing education on substance abuse to compensate for their educational deficiencies, to provide the information they need and desire, and to help them meet the ANA's practice standards. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction clinical competence nurse nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical trial controlled clinical trial controlled study education female health care quality human male middle aged nursing organization and management standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9348834 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9348834) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 919 TITLE Identification, intervention and education: essential curriculum components for chemical dependency in nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Pullen L.M. Green L.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pullen L.M.; Green L.A.) University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37922, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Pullen, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37922, USA. SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1997) 28:5 (211-216). Date of Publication: 1997 Sep-Oct ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A documented need exists for continuing education in the area of chemical dependency as it relates not only to patient care, but also to nurses who are susceptible to addiction. This is significant due to the fact that nurses are at risk for chemical dependency and many nurse peers are unable to recognize the signs of chemical dependency and therefore unable to actively intervene. CONCLUSION: According to the literature, which includes current research, nurses lack knowledge regarding specific risk factors, symptoms of chemical dependency in peers, and steps for intervention. In addition, the literature revealed that nursing curricula allot little time to chemical dependency issues. The results of a small-scale learning needs assessment support this literature finding. Continuing education courses can effectively educate nurses to be able to identify their own susceptibility and those of chemically dependent peers, intervene appropriately, and begin the healing process for the impaired nurse. This article outlines a curriculum and additional resources to address the learning needs of nurses related to chemical dependency. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, prevention) curriculum malpractice nursing education nursing staff peer group EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human methodology psychological aspect review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9348833 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9348833) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 920 TITLE The pregnant patient: teaching without alienating. AUTHOR NAMES Kearney M.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kearney M.H.) Boston College School of Nursing, MA, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.H. Kearney, Boston College School of Nursing, MA, USA. SOURCE The American journal of nursing (1997) 97:9 (69). Date of Publication: Sep 1997 ISSN 0002-936X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nurse patient relationship patient education pregnancy complication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article case report female human methodology nursing pregnancy prenatal care CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9311344 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9311344) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 921 TITLE When the patient causes the problem: the effect of patient responsibility on the nurse-patient relationship. AUTHOR NAMES Olsen D.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Olsen D.P.) Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT 06536-0740, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.P. Olsen, Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, CT 06536-0740, USA. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1997) 26:3 (515-522). Date of Publication: Sep 1997 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT A positive connection to the patient as a person within a nurse-patient relationship provides the context for ethical treatment. The relationship characterized by caring concern for the patient is also a clinically effective resource. Ethical analysis shows that a nurse's caring and other health care resources should not be allocated based on the degree to which the patient is responsible for the clinical condition. Interviews were conducted with 51 nursing students and nurses about their feelings toward hypothetical patients. The theme of 'patient responsibility for causing the clinical problem affecting the nurse-patient relationship' was identified and responses were categorized according to how the theme was illustrated. The categorization of the responses was validated by two nurse experts. When asked to briefly compare reactions to the vignettes 25 (49%) of the participants connected their feelings towards the patient with their perception of the patient's responsibility. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude medical ethics nurse patient relationship EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcoholism article cocaine dependence empathy Empirical Approach female homosexuality human human relation male middle aged United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9378872 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9378872) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 922 TITLE Alcohol early intervention: a nursing model for screening and intervention strategies. AUTHOR NAMES Arthur D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arthur D.) Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Arthur, Department of Health Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Email: HSARTHUR@POLYU.EDU.HK SOURCE The Australian and New Zealand journal of mental health nursing (1997) 6:3 (93-101). Date of Publication: Sep 1997 ISSN 1324-3780 ABSTRACT This paper presents the background policy directions in Australia that are encouraging nurses to initiate alcohol early intervention strategies. The current clinical initiatives that are supporting screening and early intervention strategies are critically reviewed and presented in the form of an Alcohol Early Intervention Model to guide nursing practice. The model is compatible with current directions in nursing which encourage more independent, empowering and educationally focused strategies. This model also provides direction for undergraduate and graduate nursing curricula and offers opportunities for future research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) mass screening model nursing assessment psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia curriculum human methodology nursing education practice guideline LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9384008 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9384008) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 923 TITLE An assessment of substance abuse treatment training needs among nurses. (Part I): Evaluating skill, knowledge and training characteristics AUTHOR NAMES Vander Bilt J. Hall M.N. Schaffer H.J. Storti S. Church O.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vander Bilt J.; Hall M.N.; Schaffer H.J.; Storti S.; Church O.M.) Division on Addictions, Harvard Medical School, Goldenson Building, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.J. Schaffer, Division on Addictions, Harvard Medical School, Goldenson Building, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Misuse (1997) 2:3 (150-157). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 1357-5007 ABSTRACT This article (part I of a two-part paper) presents results of a substance abuse treatment training needs assessment study conducted with 133 nurses who were working in randomly selected New England substance abuse treatment facilities. This sample of nurses was derived from a larger survey sample of 1684 substance abuse treatment providers working in randomly selected New England substance abuse treatment facilities. These needs assessment data show that, compared with drug and alcohol counselors, social workers, and physicians or residents, nurses have the lowest levels of skill or knowledge in 8 of 12 substance abuse-specific treatment areas. Nurses reported that additional training would increase their clinical effectiveness. Without adequate training, nurses cannot fulfill their roles in prevention, intervention and treatment. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) continuing education nurse substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article controlled study health care quality human normal human skill training United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997222673 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 924 TITLE Outcome of nursing home care for residents with alcohol use disorders AUTHOR NAMES Joseph C.L. Rasmussen J. Ganzini L. Atkinson R.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joseph C.L.) Geriatrics Extended Care, Vet. Aff. Med. and Reg. Off. Center, Honolulu, HI, United States. (Joseph C.L.) John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, United States. (Rasmussen J.; Ganzini L.; Atkinson R.M.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, United States. (Rasmussen J.; Ganzini L.; Atkinson R.M.) Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, United States. (Joseph C.L.) Vet. Aff. Med. and Reg. Off. Center, 300 Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Joseph, Veterans Affairs, Medical and Regional Office Center, 300 Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States. SOURCE International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (1997) 12:7 (767-772). Date of Publication: July 1997 ISSN 0885-6230 BOOK PUBLISHER John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Objectives. To describe the outcome of nursing home (NH) care for a previously established cohort of residents with active, inactive or no alcohol use disorder (AUD), and to examine demographic variables, health services utilization, mortality and drinking behaviors in this group. Design. Retrospective cohort study with participant interviews at NH admission and 3 years later. Setting. Urban Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and Nursing Home Care Unit (NHCU). Participants. Patients older than age 50 admitted consecutively to a VA NHCU between July 1991 and February 1993 who completed a structured interview, N = 117. Main outcome measures. AUD as determined by DSM-III-R criteria. Demographics, health services utilization and mortality as abstracted from the VA medical record. Results. Health service utilization as measured by care episodes was not significantly different in the three groups (active, inactive and no AUD), but subjects with AUD had documented health services use related to alcoholism, including hospitalizations for alcohol-related illness, placements in long-term care facilities to control drinking and death from alcohol-related causes. The mean age at death was significantly younger for study participants with active or inactive AUD compared to those with no AUD: 67.7, 70.4 and 77.9 years, respectively (p < 0.004). Of the 21 participants with active AUD at NHCU entry, 11 resumed drinking after discharge and six still met criteria for active AUD 3 years later. Conclusions. The subset of NHCU patients with active AUD continued to incur alcohol-related hospitalizations and institutionalizations following NHCU discharge and suffered early mortality relative to their peers. Effective models of care for this subset of patients should be sought. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation) geriatric care nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article controlled study drinking behavior female follow up health care utilization hospitalization human institutionalization interview major clinical study male medical record mortality retrospective study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997245222 MEDLINE PMID 9251942 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9251942) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(199707)12:7<767::AID-GPS640>3.0.CO;2-L COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 925 TITLE Correlates of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use among Scottish postsecondary helping-profession students AUTHOR NAMES Engs R.C. Van Teijlingen E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Engs R.C.; Van Teijlingen E.) Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States. (Van Teijlingen E.) Department of Public Health, Univ. of Aberdeen Medical School, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Van Teijlingen, Department of Public Health, Univ. of Aberdeen Medical School, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. SOURCE Journal of Studies on Alcohol (1997) 58:4 (435-444). Date of Publication: July 1997 ISSN 0096-882X BOOK PUBLISHER Alcohol Research Documentation Inc., New Brunswick, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: There is limited information about the prevalence of recreational drug use over the postsecondary experience in Scotland. The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use in postsecondary helping-profession students (medical, nursing, education and psychology) in Scotland in regards to gender, age and course of study. Method: The Queensland Alcohol and Drug Study Questionnaire was completed by students enrolled in helping-profession courses from 22 departments at universities and colleges in five Scottish cities. The sample consisted of 717 male and 2,537 female students. Results: A slightly (p < .05) higher percent of women (92.7%) consumed alcohol compared to men (90%), but men consumed significantly (p < .001) move drinks per week (26.7) compared to women (17.3). There was no difference between the two groups when U.K. recommendations of maximum limits for each gender were considered. About 50% of men and women consumed over 21 drinks and 14 drinks per week, respectively. A higher (p < .05) percent of men (42.5%) smoked compared to women (36.9%) and a higher (p < .001) percent of men (40.1%) consumed marijuana compared to women (24.1%). There was no difference in the quantity of tobacco consumed. For both men and women, the prevalence of alcohol and marijuana was highest 2 or 3 years before the maximum use of tobacco (students over 24 years of age). Male and female psychology students consumed the most marijuana. Psychology students, together with nursing students, also consumed the most tobacco. Conclusions: In view of the increasing prevalence of tobacco over the university experience, especially among nursing and psychology students, and heavier alcohol consumption among younger students, health education programs for Scottish postsecondary helping-profession students should expand from the recently introduced school programs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cannabis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult alcoholism article drinking behavior drug dependence female health education human major clinical study male pattern recognition risk factor United Kingdom CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997188195 MEDLINE PMID 9203125 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9203125) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 926 TITLE Dilemmas in implementing alcohol-related secondary prevention in primary care using a behavioural method AUTHOR NAMES Arborelius E. Damström Thakker K. Krakau I. Rydberg U. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Arborelius E.; Krakau I.) Research Centre of General Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. (Damström Thakker K.; Rydberg U.) Magnus Huss Clinic, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. (Arborelius E.) Research Centre of General Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Arborelius, Research Centre of General Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. SOURCE European Addiction Research (1997) 3:3 (150-157). Date of Publication: Jul 1997 ISSN 1022-6877 ABSTRACT This is a report on experiences from a trial study, based on normal daily routines, in which the aim was to study the feasibility of a simple method, grounded in behavioural science, of alcohol counselling in primary care, directed towards excessive drinkers. Physicians and nurses were educated in the method in 1-day courses, followed by some tutorial sessions. The evaluation showed that the method in itself seemed to be suitable, functional and effective. At return visits, several patients reported that they had reduced their alcohol consumption, and most patients with initially high liver function test values showed a consistent decrease when new tests were made. However, only few potential patients were identified. The question is why the method was not used to a greater extent. One reason may be that the prevalence of excessive drinkers in primary care is lower than has been reported in previous studies. Another explanation might be the difficulty of identifying possible excessive drinkers, in any significant numbers, in the clinical situation at the health centre. One further reason might be the reluctance on the part of physicians and nurses to broach the subject of alcohol. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention, therapy) behavior therapy primary medical care secondary prevention EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol consumption article doctor patient relation human liver function test patient counseling priority journal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997211219 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 927 TITLE Compliance/adherence and care management in HIV disease. AUTHOR NAMES Crespo-Fierro M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Crespo-Fierro M.) Visiting Nurse Service of New York, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Crespo-Fierro, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, USA. SOURCE The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC (1997) 8:4 (43-54). Date of Publication: 1997 Jul-Aug ISSN 1055-3290 ABSTRACT With the changing perspectives of the HIV epidemic and the introduction of protease inhibitors to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, the issue of compliance has gained considerable interest among health care providers. The idea that clients with HIV disease should succumb to a patriarchal system of medical care has been challenged by AIDS activists since the beginning of the epidemic. The concept that there is only one explanation for "noncompliance" is outdated. The reasons for noncompliance are multifaceted in nature and include psychosocial factors, complex medication and treatment regimens, ethnocultural concerns, and in many instances substance use. Therefore, the notion that there is one intervention to resolve noncompliance is at best archaic. Interventions to enhance compliance include supervised therapy, improving the nurse-client relationship, and patient education, all of which should be combined with ethnocultural interventions. Plans to enhance compliance must incorporate person-specific variables and should be tailored to individualized needs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) case management Human immunodeficiency virus infection (complication, drug therapy) patient compliance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (complication) cultural anthropology human nurse patient relationship nursing patient education psychological aspect review United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9260150 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9260150) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 928 TITLE Hong Kong nurses' health-related behaviours: implications for nurses' role in health promotion. AUTHOR NAMES Callaghan P. Fun M.K. Yee F.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Callaghan P.; Fun M.K.; Yee F.C.) Department of Nursing, CUHK, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Callaghan, Department of Nursing, CUHK, Sha Tin, NT, Hong Kong. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1997) 25:6 (1276-1282). Date of Publication: Jun 1997 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT The health-related behaviors of a random sample (n = 92) of Hong Kong nurses were assessed by a questionnaire written either in English or in English and Chinese. Hong Kong nurses reported negligible smoking or alcohol use, low levels of breast self-examination, cervical screening behaviour and regular exercising, seat belt use and driving within the speed limit. The sample reported high levels of making efforts to avoid foods high in cholesterol, eating foods high in fibre and eating fruit daily. Dental hygiene was reported to be high. Just over half the sample reported sleeping 7-8 hours each night and eating breakfast daily. Most nurses reported maintaining their body weight at a healthy level and eating snacks between meals. The English language version of the questionnaire produced a slightly better response rate than the bilingual questionnaire. The results are discussed with reference to previous studies of females' health-related behaviours in Hong Kong and elsewhere. The implications for Hong Kong nurses' role in health promotion is discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health behavior health promotion information processing nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) adult article car driving cultural factor diet female Hong Kong human male preventive health service reproducibility utilization review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9181427 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9181427) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 929 TITLE A randomized controlled trial of group versus individual well child care for high-risk children: maternal-child interaction and developmental outcomes. AUTHOR NAMES Taylor J.A. Davis R.L. Kemper K.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Taylor J.A.; Davis R.L.; Kemper K.J.) Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Taylor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. SOURCE Pediatrics (1997) 99:6 (E9). Date of Publication: Jun 1997 ISSN 1098-4275 (electronic) ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To determine if group well child care (GWCC) for high-risk children affects maternal-child interaction and development as compared to these outcomes in children receiving traditional individual well child care (IWCC). STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Infants less than 4 months old at the initiation of the study who came from high-risk families. Families were classified as high risk, and eligible for study participation, if the mother had one or more of the following characteristics: poverty, single marital status, less than a high school education, age less than 20 years at delivery, previous substance abuse, or a history of abuse as a child. SETTING: Two urban, university pediatric clinics in Seattle, Washington. INTERVENTIONS: Study children were randomized to receive GWCC or IWCC prior to the first study visit at the age of 4 months. Study health supervision visits were scheduled at 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 months of age. For children randomized to receive GWCC, study visits consisted of an age-matched group discussion of child rearing issues, either preceding or following a brief physical examination. After the 15-month visit, development of study patients was assessed by the use of Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Bayley). Maternal-child interaction and the home environment were evaluated by the use of the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS) and the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME), respectively. RESULTS: At least one outcome measure was obtained on 114 children; 86 patients completed all three outcome measures. Bayley psychomotor mean scores were 103.6 +/- 11.5 for GWCC patients versus 100.0 +/- 12.4 for those receiving IWCC (P = .14); mean scores for the mental section were 99.3 +/- 14.8 and 100.4 +/- 14.3, respectively (P = .71). The prevalence of high-risk maternal-child interactions was 10% in both the GWCC and IWCC groups. A high-risk home environment was found in 16% of IWCC patients versus 4% of those randomized to GWCC (odds ratio comparing IWCC to GWCC 4.6, 95% confidence interval 0.78, 26.0, after controlling for confounding variables). Provider time was similar among groups (mean number of minutes/patient/study visit: 19.8 +/- 5.6 and 20.4 +/- 6.7 for GWCC and IWCC, respectively, P = .66). CONCLUSION: GWCC is a viable alternative to IWCC for high-risk children. Developmental outcomes and maternal-child interaction are at least as good for children who received GWCC as compared to traditional IWCC, without any increase in provider time required. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health care child parent relation group structure mother child relation treatment outcome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article child care clinical trial confidence interval controlled clinical trial controlled study female human infant newborn organization and management randomized controlled trial risk risk assessment socioeconomics statistics United States university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9164805 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9164805) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 930 TITLE Faculty development and curricular change: a process and outcomes model for substance abuse education. AUTHOR NAMES Marcus M.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marcus M.T.) Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, School of Nursing, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.T. Marcus, Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, School of Nursing, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1997) 13:3 (168-177). Date of Publication: 1997 May-Jun ISSN 8755-7223 ABSTRACT Health care reform carries with it an imperative to change nursing education to address emphases on primary care, community-based practice, managed care, and cost-containment. comprehensive curricular revision must be accompanied by faculty development if those changes are to be supported. This article traces the process of faculty development and curriculum change and defines outcomes that resulted from a 5-year Faculty Development Project grant to increase nursing expertise in alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and abuse issues. The model has broad applicability to faculty development and to curricular revision in general. Strategies outlined include independent learning experiences, consultations, workshops, seminars, and retreats. A comprehensive evaluation plan that measured the impact of the project on faculty, students, institution, and community is discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education personnel management treatment outcome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health consultation health care planning health care quality human methodology nursing nursing student program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9167406 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9167406) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 931 TITLE Identification and assistance for chemically dependent nurses working in long-term care. AUTHOR NAMES Shewey H.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shewey H.M.) Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Topeka, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.M. Shewey, Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Topeka, USA. SOURCE Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) (1997) 18:3 (115-118). Date of Publication: 1997 May-Jun ISSN 0197-4572 ABSTRACT The purpose of this manuscript is to examine impaired nurses' practice, to identify causes, signs, and symptoms of problems, and to identify interventions for chemically dependent nurses employed in long-term care. The long-term care nurse manager has a moral, ethical, and legal responsibility to assist the chemically dependent nurse and to protect the resident and the facility. Education of nurse managers is essential to provide for intervention and treatment for the chemically dependent nurse. Assisting the nurse to accept treatment and return to practice benefits the individuals, the facility, and the profession. This manuscript describes step-by-step interventions for identification, treatment, and return to work for chemically dependent nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) malpractice nursing home nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human nurse administrator psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9197612 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9197612) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 932 TITLE Mainstreaming drug and alcohol strategies into nursing practice AUTHOR NAMES Harvey T.L. Russell S.V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harvey T.L.; Russell S.V.) Drug and Alcohol Services, 4a Fleet Street, North Parramatta, NSW 2151, Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.L. Harvey, Drug and Alcohol Services, 4a Fleet Street, North Parramatta, NSW 2151, Australia. SOURCE Journal of Substance Misuse (1997) 2:2 (98-104). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 1357-5007 ABSTRACT In October 1991 the New South Wales Department of Health, Australia, together with the New South Wales Drug and Alcohol Directorate launched 'The Strategic Plan for Nurse Education and Nursing Management of Alcohol and Other Drugs'. This plan highlighted the need to develop the skills and knowledge of all accredited nurses in dealing with alcohol and other drug issues. The Strategic Plan also challenged health care providers to address policy in relation to admission, assessment, early intervention, management of intoxication and management of withdrawal states. Since 1992, nursing services in collaboration with nurse education within Western Sydney Area Health Service have developed several initiatives to implement the nurse Strategic Plan. It was recognized that to achieve the outcomes of the Strategic Plan, the support of nursing management and nurse educators, both in hospitals and in the community health setting was paramount. This paper critically examines the guidelines, policies and education tools developed within Western Sydney Area Health Service and evaluates the effectiveness of a change in nursing practice. The paper also discusses the barriers to implementation and highlights the strategies defined to improve nurse education and patient outcomes towards the new millennium. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abuse drug abuse health care policy nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol withdrawal article Australia disease management drug withdrawal health care management nursing practice guideline EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997109821 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 933 TITLE Where treatment and prevention merge: The need for a broader approach AUTHOR NAMES Heather N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heather N.) Centre for Alcohol and Drug Studies, Newcastle City Health NHS, United Kingdom. (Heather N.) Centre for Alcohol and Drug Studies, N. Regional Alcohol and Drug Service, Plummer Court, Carliol Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 6UR, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Heather, Centre for Alcohol and Drug Studies, Northern Regional Alcohol Drug Serv., Plummer Court, Carliol Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 6UR, United Kingdom. SOURCE Addiction (1997) 92:SUPPL. 1 (S133-S136). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0965-2140 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Four papers were presented in a Parallel Session chaired by Dr Jorge Gleser (Israel) and these are summarized here. The papers were: (1) 'Supporting primary health care physicians' by Dr Galina A. Korchagina of the Medical Academy of Postgraduate Studies, St Petersburg, the Russian Federation; (2) 'A new role for nurses' by Ms Iveta Kelle, Nursing Consultant Riga, Latvia; (3) 'Broadening the base of treatment' by Dr Nina Kerimi of the Research Institute of Preventive and Clinical Medicine, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan; and (4) 'Primary health care and alcohol reduction strategies' by Dr Leo Pas of the Academic Centre of General Practice, Free University Brussels Belgium. Following a discussion, participants agreed on the wording of a draft Policy for Primary Health Care and Community Action and this is also included here. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption health promotion primary health care public health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (prevention) conference paper general practice general practitioner human nursing EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997097754 MEDLINE PMID 9167300 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9167300) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03408.x COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 934 TITLE Clinic nurses: Confronting campus alcohol use on the frontline AUTHOR NAMES Miller J.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Miller J.B.) Student Health Service, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.B. Miller, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, 0H, United States. SOURCE Journal of American College Health (1997) 45:5 (205-208). Date of Publication: 1997 ISSN 0744-8481 BOOK PUBLISHER Heldref Publications, 1319 Eighteenth Street NW, Washington, United States. ABSTRACT Alcohol use is common on college campuses. Nurses in the student health clinic, in collaboration with other health professionals, have a responsibility and an opportunity to assess, intervene, and prevent problems related to the use of alcohol and other drugs. In this article, the author suggests how college health nurses, in everyday practice, can seize opportunities for helping students face their alcohol-related problems. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption alcoholism (diagnosis, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care health survey human problem solving risk assessment EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997084107 MEDLINE PMID 9069678 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9069678) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 935 TITLE Results of two levels of adjunctive treatment used with the nicotine patch AUTHOR NAMES Lifrak P. Gariti P. Alterman A.I. McKay J. Volpicelli J. Sparkman T. O'Brien C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lifrak P.; Gariti P.; Alterman A.I.; McKay J.; Volpicelli J.; Sparkman T.; O'Brien C.) Univ. of Pennsylvania Sch. of Med., Philadelphia, PA, United States. (Lifrak P.) Univ. Pennsylvania Treatm. Res. Ctr., 3900 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Lifrak, UPTRC, 3900 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. SOURCE American Journal on Addictions (1997) 6:2 (93-98). Date of Publication: Spring 1997 ISSN 1055-0496 BOOK PUBLISHER Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69 - 77 Paul Street, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The authors compared 9-, 16-, 26-, and 52-week outcomes for two randomly assigned groups of nicotine-dependent subjects: 1) nicotine patch plus four smoking cessation sessions with a nurse-practitioner giving advice and instruction (n = 36; moderate-intensity condition, MI); or 2) the foregoing treatments plus 16 weekly individual cognitive/behavioral relapse-prevention therapy sessions (n = 33; high-intensity condition, HI). Patch completion rates were 69. 7% in the HI group and 55.6% in the MI group (NS). Self- reported abstinence rates at the four follow-up points were comparable for the two treatment groups; HI: 39%, 36%, 36%, and 36%; MI: 44%, 28%, 25%, and 28%, respectively. There was some indication that MI patients with high nicotine dependence had lower abstinence rates than highly dependent HI patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nicotine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstinence adult article behavior modification behavior therapy controlled study cost effectiveness analysis female human major clinical study male nurse nurse patient relationship patient counseling relapse CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS nicotine (54-11-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997160173 MEDLINE PMID 9134070 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9134070) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 936 TITLE The physiological effects of alcohol misuse. AUTHOR NAMES Stanislas N. Radcliffe J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stanislas N.; Radcliffe J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Stanislas, SOURCE Professional nurse (London, England) (1997) 12:5 (387). Date of Publication: Feb 1997 ISSN 0266-8130 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing assessment nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum health personnel attitude human note nursing standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9128695 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9128695) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 937 TITLE Assessing substance abuse among health care students and the efficacy of educational interventions. AUTHOR NAMES Coleman E.A. Honeycutt G. Ogden B. McMillan D.E. O'Sullivan P.S. Light K. Wingfield W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Coleman E.A.; Honeycutt G.; Ogden B.; McMillan D.E.; O'Sullivan P.S.; Light K.; Wingfield W.) College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 77205, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.A. Coleman, College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 77205, USA. SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1997) 13:1 (28-37). Date of Publication: 1997 Jan-Feb ISSN 8755-7223 ABSTRACT Approximately 10 per cent of nurses are chemically dependent, and, for many, substance abuse begins while attending nursing school. Faculty must be able to assess the extent of the problem, understand the contributing factors, recognize signs and symptoms, and use educational interventions in identifying and preventing chemical dependency in nurses. Beginning in 1989, the authors sampled all entering students in four colleges on a health science campus using the Standardized Substance Abuse Attitude Survey and obtained resurvey data from two of the colleges' 1989 entering classes in fall 1991. Each college developed educational interventions. Some clear differences between nursing and pharmacy students emerged and indicated that a greater emphasis on drug and alcohol education can pay dividends. Establishing a data base over a period of more than 2 years provides a foundation to evaluate further interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) drinking behavior (epidemiology, prevention) health education nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health clinical trial curriculum factual database health care quality human methodology United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9183110 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9183110) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 938 TITLE Problem drinkers in accident and emergency: health promotion initiatives. AUTHOR NAMES Lockhart T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lockhart T.) Accident & Emergency Department, Cardiff Royal Infirmary, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T. Lockhart, Accident & Emergency Department, Cardiff Royal Infirmary, UK. SOURCE Accident and emergency nursing (1997) 5:1 (16-21). Date of Publication: Jan 1997 ISSN 0965-2302 ABSTRACT Problems caused by excessive alcohol consumption often contribute to Accident and Emergency attendances, giving possible health promotion opportunities to this client group. These could include screening, health education (verbal or written), brief intervention and referral to alcohol services. Accident and Emergency staff rarely take these opportunities. A knowledge of alcohol problems, possible health promotion initiatives and services available alter attitudes and increase the likelihood of staff giving health promotion. Health promotion to problem drinkers should be a routine in Accident and Emergency departments. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism emergency nursing health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health human mass screening nursing nursing staff patient education patient referral review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9069729 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9069729) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 939 TITLE Dyskinesias secondary to gradual neuroleptic drug withdrawal in elderly nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Somani S.K. Engberg K.D. Guay D.R.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Somani S.K.; Engberg K.D.; Guay D.R.P.) Geriatric Pharmacy Program, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, 640 Jackson Street, St. Paul, MN 55101, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.R.P. Guay, Geriatric Pharmacy Program, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, 640 Jackson Street, St. Paul, MN 55101, United States. SOURCE Journal of Geriatric Drug Therapy (1996) 11:1 (37-51). Date of Publication: 1996 ISSN 8756-4629 ABSTRACT Background: The authors evaluated the epidemiology of dyskinesias secondary to gradual taper and discontinuation of neuroleptics in elderly nursing home (NH) residents receiving these agents for management of behavioral disorders due to dementia. Method: Prospective, non-randomized, single-blinded (i.e., Dyskinesia Identification System: Condensed User Scale [DISCUS] raters) assessments were conducted in residents either undergoing no alteration of neuroleptic dosage regimen (control group) or undergoing a gradual neuroleptic dosage taper (defined as 25% of daily dose per month, depending on availability of suitable dosage forms) and subsequent discontinuation (experimental group). The study was conducted in 22 community-based NHs. Fifty-seven elderly (≤ 65 years) NH residents participated, with 40 residents assigned to the control group and 17 to the experimental group. After study enrollment, 18 subjects in the control group had neuroleptic order changes initiated by the attending physician, creating a third study group (dose change control). DISCUS assessments were performed by trained nurse raters monthly for eight months. The main outcome measures assessed were prevalence of tardive dyskinesia (TD) at baseline; incidence, severity, and course of neuroleptic withdrawal dyskinesias (NWD), reversibility of NWD; risk factors for development of NWD; and impact of NWD on resident functional abilities. Results: Tardive dyskinesia was present at baseline in 12 percent of the study population and was not related to prestudy neuroleptic dose or duration of therapy. Eight experimental group subjects (50%) and 3 dose change control group subjects (17%) experienced a behavioral relapse after neuroleptic dosage reduction or discontinuation. Withdrawal dyskinesias occurred in 26 percent of study subjects undergoing neuroleptic dosage taper or discontinuation. Withdrawal dyskinesias did not negatively impact on resident functional abilities or incidence of falls. Withdrawal dyskinesias persisted for at least 3 months in 56 percent of affected patients, but were eventually reversible in 70 percent of affected individuals. No factors predictive of the development of withdrawal dyskinesias were found. Conclusions: Minimization of the use of neuroleptics in the management of behavioral disorders associated with dementia is an important aspect of optimal patient care. However, as illustrated in this study, behavioral relapse and withdrawal dyskinesias may appear in a substantial proportion of elderly individuals who are subjected to neuroleptic dosage taper and withdrawal, even at a gradual rate of 25 percent of the daily dose at monthly intervals. Study limitations such as small sample size, lack of randomized group assignment, potential for bias in group assignment by attending physicians and study investigators, and potential for limited generalizability due to stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria suggest the need to conduct further studies to validate and extend the findings of this study. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dyskinesia (complication, epidemiology, side effect) withdrawal syndrome (etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article behavior disorder (complication, drug therapy) clinical trial controlled study dementia (drug therapy) disease severity drug withdrawal female human incidence major clinical study male multicenter study nursing home prevalence single blind procedure tardive dyskinesia (complication, epidemiology, side effect) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1997045038 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 940 TITLE Prevalence of tuberculin reactivity and risk factors for the development of active tuberculosis upon admission to a nursing home. AUTHOR NAMES Vega Torres R.A. Conde J.G. Díaz M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vega Torres R.A.; Conde J.G.; Díaz M.) Department of Family Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.A. Vega Torres, Department of Family Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, USA. SOURCE Puerto Rico health sciences journal (1996) 15:4 (275-277). Date of Publication: Dec 1996 ISSN 0738-0658 ABSTRACT A total of 118 nursing home admissions were studied to determine the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection and the prevalence of risk factors for the development of active tuberculosis. The overall prevalence of positive tests was 22.5%. The most prevalent risk factors for development of active tuberculosis were diabetes mellitus (42.4%), being more than 10% below ideal body weight (41.5%), and alcohol abuse (12.7%). Thirty-four percent of admissions had albumin levels below 3.5 g/dl. No associations were found when logistic regression was used to determine the impact of age and poor nutritional status on the prevalence of positive PPD tests on admission. These results show a substantial difference between the prevalence of positive PPD tests found upon nursing home admissions (22.5%) and the prevalence found previously among residents in the same in nursing home (42.9%). EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing home tuberculin test tuberculosis (epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age aged alcoholism (complication) article body weight diabetes mellitus human nutritional status prevalence Puerto Rico risk factor statistical model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9097345 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9097345) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 941 TITLE Enhancing nursing competence with substance abusing clients. AUTHOR NAMES Marcus M.T. Gerace L.M. Sullivan E.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marcus M.T.; Gerace L.M.; Sullivan E.J.) Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, School of Nursing, University of Texas Houston, Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.T. Marcus, Department of Nursing Systems and Technology, School of Nursing, University of Texas Houston, Houston Health Science Center 77030, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1996) 35:8 (361-366). Date of Publication: Nov 1996 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Alcohol and other drug abuse, major threats to health, pose challenges for nurses in virtually every practice setting. Progress toward increasing nursing competence in the addictions field is being made through the development of practice standards and model curricula and through federal initiatives to increase faculty expertise in this field. The next critical step is to forge creative collaborative links with practice settings, links that assure that requisite learning is reality-based and in step with the future of health care. This article outlines progress toward improving nursing competence in substance abuse and suggests reality-based learning strategies as a future direction for this important goal for nursing education. Two successful models of collaboration between education and practice, designed to augment basic curriculum and improve nursing knowledge, skills and attitudes related to substance abuse, are described. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism curriculum nursing education personnel management EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholics anonymous article attitude to health clinical competence drug dependence treatment education educational model faculty practice human methodology nurse practitioner nursing organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8923312 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8923312) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 942 TITLE Clinical knowledge and skill priorities in substance abuse education: a nursing faculty longitudinal survey. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy S.A. Scott C.S. Mandel L.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy S.A.; Scott C.S.; Mandel L.P.) Department of Psychosocial Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Murphy, Department of Psychosocial Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1996) 35:8 (356-360). Date of Publication: Nov 1996 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to: 1) determine which of 16 substance abuse content areas nursing faculty fellows considered important for their professional growth; 2) determine content areas in which faculty fellows planned to obtain knowledge and skill development during the coming year; and 3) to identify content areas faculty fellows thought undergraduate and/or graduate students should be taught. Questionnaires were mailed to the 43 nursing faculty fellows who were recipients of substance abuse federal training during the 1989-1994 academic years. The response rate was 81%. One and a half years later, 66% responded to the same items on a follow-up survey. The results showed that faculty ratings of knowledge and skill development needs for themselves and their students in nursing were stable over time. Findings can be used to guide faculty and curriculum development in alcohol and other substance abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical trial education female human longitudinal study male multicenter study nursing nursing discipline personnel management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8923311 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8923311) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 943 TITLE The powerful punch of nicotine: a smoking cessation facilitator's account. AUTHOR NAMES Boncella C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boncella C.) Lawrence Memorial Hospital, Kansas, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Boncella, Lawrence Memorial Hospital, Kansas, USA. SOURCE The Kansas nurse (1996) 71:10 (1-2). Date of Publication: 1996 Nov-Dec ISSN 0022-8710 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) patient education smoking cessation tobacco dependence (rehabilitation) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling human nursing nursing education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9025463 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9025463) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 944 TITLE Smoking cessation: educating for the nursing role. AUTHOR NAMES Ackeret J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ackeret J.A.) Baker University School of Nursing, Stormont-Vail Campus, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Ackeret, Baker University School of Nursing, Stormont-Vail Campus, USA. SOURCE The Kansas nurse (1996) 71:10 (4-5). Date of Publication: 1996 Nov-Dec ISSN 0022-8710 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education smoking cessation tobacco dependence (rehabilitation) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9025464 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9025464) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 945 TITLE Involving health care workers in screening for alcohol problems AUTHOR NAMES McCrady B.S. Richter S.S. Morgan T.J. Slade J. Pfeifer C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCrady B.S.; Richter S.S.; Morgan T.J.; Pfeifer C.) Rutgers- State Univ. of New Jersey, . (Slade J.) Univ. Med. and Dent. of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, St. Peter's Medical Center, . (McCrady B.S.) Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Smithers Hall-Busch Campus, Piscataway, NJ 08855, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.S. McCrady, Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Smithers Hall-Busch Campus, Piscataway, NJ 08855, United States. SOURCE Journal of Addictive Diseases (1996) 15:3 (45-58). Date of Publication: 1996 ISSN 1055-0887 BOOK PUBLISHER Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States. ABSTRACT Objectives: (1) Examine physician and nursing staff compliance with conducting an alcohol screening interview; (2) Compare compliance with the interview with usual physician and nurse assessment of drinking; (3) Examine reasons why drinking information might not be collected. Design: Residents and nurses were taught how to use an alcohol screening Interview and were told by the director of residency training or by the Vice-President for Nursing to administer it to all admitted patients. Data on interviewed patients were compared with medical record data on a randomly selected series of 80 patients who were not interviewed. Setting: Teaching hospital in an urban/suburban community. Patients/participants: Residents on internal medicine and family practice services; surgical nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, prevention) health care personnel screening EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude controlled study female human information processing interview male normal human nursing staff physician resident teaching hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1996307471 MEDLINE PMID 8842849 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8842849) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J069v15n03_03 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 946 TITLE Alcohol abuse among college students: implications for nurse practitioners. AUTHOR NAMES Wright S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wright S.) Georgetown University, School of Nursing, Washington, D.C., USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Wright, Georgetown University, School of Nursing, Washington, D.C., USA. SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (1996) 8:10 (483-488). Date of Publication: Oct 1996 ISSN 1041-2972 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nurse practitioner student university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult female health service human male nursing review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9305048 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9305048) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 947 TITLE Substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Ferguson B. Dale H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ferguson B.; Dale H.) Airdrie Health Centre, Scotland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Ferguson, Airdrie Health Centre, Scotland. SOURCE Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing (1996) 3:5 (327). Date of Publication: Oct 1996 ISSN 1351-0126 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) community health nursing health education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human organization and management pilot study LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9004627 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9004627) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 948 TITLE Addiction nursing and substance misuse: a slow response to partial accommodation. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1996) 24:3 (425-427). Date of Publication: Sep 1996 ISSN 0309-2402 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication, prevention) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum editorial education health care policy human nurse nursing nursing discipline United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8876400 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8876400) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 949 TITLE Nursing education and research in New Zealand. AUTHOR NAMES Sigsby L.M. Bullock L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sigsby L.M.; Bullock L.) College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0187, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Sigsby, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0187, USA. SOURCE Image--the journal of nursing scholarship (1996) 28:3 (269-272). Date of Publication: 1996 Fall ISSN 0743-5150 ABSTRACT Changes in nursing education and health care reform in New Zealand have significantly affected nurses engaged in research. Movement in both undergraduate and graduate educational qualifications has stimulated interest in research about health-care problems including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and substance abuse. Our small descriptive survey indicated that most research is qualitative and focuses on clinical care. Lack of funding, isolation from educational settings, and nurses' lack of confidence in their research abilities are major hindrances to the development of nursing knowledge. Limited publication opportunities further complicate dissemination of research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education financial management health care policy human New Zealand organization organization and management questionnaire university LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8854551 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8854551) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 950 TITLE The benefits of psychiatric hospitalization for older nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Kunik M.E. Ponce H. Molinari V. Orengo C. Emenaha I. Workman R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kunik M.E.; Ponce H.; Molinari V.; Orengo C.; Workman R.) Vet. Affairs Medical Center Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. (Emenaha I.) Texas College of Pharmacy, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, United States. (Kunik M.E.) Department of Psychiatry, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.E. Kunik, Department of Psychiatry, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1996) 44:9 (1062-1065). Date of Publication: September 1996 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To examine the demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes of nursing home residents admitted to a geropsychiatric inpatient unit. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort design based on an ongoing data base effort. SETTING: The geropsychiatric inpatient unit of the Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: All admissions to the unit from nursing homes during an 18-month period. MEASUREMENTS: Mini-Mental State Examination, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory, Rating Scale for Side Effects, and Global Assessment of Functioning were administered on admission and discharge. RESULTS: Paired t tests comparing change scores revealed significant decreases in general psychiatric symptoms (P < .001), depression (P < .001), and agitation (P < .001); significant improvement in global functioning (P < .001); with no significant changes in cognitive status (P = .485) or side effects (P = .120). When the patients were subgrouped according to reasons for admission, paired t tests revealed decreases in violence (CMAI Factor 1; P = .000), psychosis (BPRS thought disorder scale; P = .000 and hostility subscale; P < .008), and depression (HAM-D; P = .002). Four patients were discharged to less restrictive environments, all with chronic mental illnesses. CONCLUSION: Inpatient psychiatric hospitalization significantly benefits nursing home residents with and without dementia who are admitted for severe behavior problems. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dementia personality disorder schizophrenia substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article female hospitalization human major clinical study male mental hospital nursing home psychiatric treatment statistical analysis treatment outcome EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1996282352 MEDLINE PMID 8790231 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8790231) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 951 TITLE Smoking behaviour and attitudes among adult Saudi nationals in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. AUTHOR NAMES Saeed A.A. Khoja T.A. Khan S.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Saeed A.A.; Khoja T.A.; Khan S.B.) Department of Community Health Sciences, College Of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.A. Saeed, Department of Community Health Sciences, College Of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. SOURCE Tobacco control (1996) 5:3 (215-219). Date of Publication: 1996 Autumn ISSN 0964-4563 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To measure the smoking behaviour and attitudes among Saudi adults residing in Riyadh City, the capital of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Primary health care centres (PHCCs) in Riyadh City were selected by stratified random sampling. Subjects resident in each PHCC catchment area were selected by systematic sampling from their records in the PHCCs; 1534 adults aged 15 years and older were interviewed during January to April 1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported smoking prevalence; age of smoking initiation; daily cigarette consumption; duration of smoking; reasons for smoking, not smoking, and quitting smoking; intentions to smoke in the future; and attitudes toward various tobacco control measures. RESULTS: 25.3% of respondents were current smokers, 10.2% were ex-smokers, and 64.5% had never smoked. About 79% of all smokers started smoking between the ages of 15 and 30 years, and 19.5% before age 15. Significantly higher smoking prevalence and daily cigarette consumption were associated with being male, single, and being more highly educated. Relief of psychological tension, boredom, and imitating others were the most important reasons for smoking, whereas health and religious considerations were the most important reasons for not smoking among never-smokers, for quitting among ex-smokers, and for attempting to quit or thinking about quitting among current smokers. About 90% of all subjects thought that they would not smoke in the future. Physicians and religious men were identified as the most effective anti-smoking advocates by a much higher proportion of respondents (44%) than nurses, health educators, and teachers (each less than 5%). Health and religious education were generally cited as more effective in deterring smoking than tobacco control laws and policies. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking is prevalent among Saudi adults in Riyadh, particularly males, most of whom begin to smoke rather early in life and continue for many years. Health and religious education should be the cornerstone for any organised tobacco control activities, which are urgently needed to combat the expected future epidemic of smoking-related health problems. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health smoking (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article female human incidence male middle aged onset age randomization Saudi Arabia (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9035357 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9035357) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 952 TITLE Management of agitation in nursing home patients: Treatment options AUTHOR NAMES Billig N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Billig N.) Geriatric Psychiatry Program, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States. (Billig N.) Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road N.W., Washington, DC 20007, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Billig, Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Kober-Cogan, Washington, DC 20007, United States. SOURCE Drugs and Aging (1996) 9:2 (93-100). Date of Publication: 1996 ISSN 1170-229X BOOK PUBLISHER Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland 10, New Zealand. ABSTRACT Agitation in demented nursing home residents is a major clinical problem with which patients, families and staff are required to cope. Agitation may be secondary to a variety of psychiatric, environmental and medical problems, and thus attempts must be made be clarify aetiological issues before initiating a treatment plan. Treatments for agitation are imperfect, and clinicians should be prepared to work through several to find the best for a given patient and clinical situation, Cognitive/behavioural/environmental treatments have the advantage of few or no adverse effects and no drug-drug interactions. Some of these define rather basic nursing management techniques for coping with agitated older adults, while others attempt to diminish specific behaviours. The use of pharmacological interventions should be reserved for those patients in whom other measures have been unsuccessful, While the range of medications that have been used to treat various kinds of agitated behaviours is large, there are few double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in this area and fewer still in nursing home populations. No one class and no one medication has been identified as a treatment of choice. While we work to find the aetiological mechanisms of irreversible forms of dementia, and the possible treatments for the underlying disorders, the challenge to develop more effective medications with better adverse effect profiles is before us. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetophenazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) benzodiazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) buspirone (drug therapy) carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) chlorpromazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) lithium (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) loxapine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) oxazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) penfluridol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) propranolol derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) serotonin agonist (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy) sertraline (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tiotixene (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) trifluoperazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) affective neurosis (drug therapy, etiology, therapy) agitation dementia (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aggression anticholinergic effect aplastic anemia (side effect) ataxia (side effect) behavior therapy bradycardia (side effect) bronchospasm (side effect) cardiovascular disease (side effect) cognitive therapy depression (side effect) drug dependence (side effect) environmental parameters falling gastrointestinal symptom (side effect) heart failure (side effect) human hypothyroidism (side effect) lethargy (side effect) leukopenia (side effect) nursing home orthostatic hypotension (side effect) polyuria (side effect) priapism (side effect) priority journal review sedation side effect weight gain withdrawal syndrome (side effect) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetophenazine (2751-68-0) benzodiazepine (12794-10-4) buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0) fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4) haloperidol (52-86-8) lithium (7439-93-2) loxapine (1977-10-2) oxazepam (604-75-1) paroxetine (61869-08-7) penfluridol (26864-56-2) sertraline (79617-96-2) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) tiotixene (5591-45-7) trifluoperazine (117-89-5, 440-17-5) valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1996242503 MEDLINE PMID 8820795 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8820795) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 953 TITLE Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada AUTHOR NAMES Davies H.D. Mcgeer A. Schwartz B. Green K. Cann D. Simor A.E. Low D.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Davies H.D.) Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Mcgeer A.; Green K.; Cann D.; Low D.E.) Department of Microbiology, Mt. Sinai Prncs. Margaret Hospitals, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Simor A.E.) Department of Microbiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada. (Schwartz B.) Centers for Dis. Contr. and Prev., Atlanta, GA, United States. (Low D.E.) Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave., Toronto, Ont. M5G 1X5, Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.E. Low, Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave., Toronto, Ont. M5G 1X5, Canada. SOURCE New England Journal of Medicine (1996) 335:8 (547-554). Date of Publication: 22 Aug 1996 ISSN 0028-4793 BOOK PUBLISHER Massachussetts Medical Society, 860 Winter Street, Waltham, United States. ABSTRACT Background: Several reports suggest that the incidence of invasive group A streptococcal infections, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis, is increasing. Methods: During 1992 and 1993 we conducted prospective, population-based surveillance of invasive group A streptococcal disease in Ontario, Canada. We reviewed clinical and laboratory records, searched for secondary cases of invasive disease, and cultured specimens from household contacts. Results: We identified 323 patients with invasive group A streptococcal infections, for an annual incidence of 1.5 cases per 100,000 population. The rates were highest in young children and the elderly. Fifty-six percent of the patients had underlying chronic illness. Risk factors for disease included infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, cancer, diabetes, alcohol abuse, and chickenpox. The most common clinical presentations were soft-tissue infection (48 percent), bacteremia with no septic focus (14 percent), and pneumonia (11 percent). Necrotizing fasciitis occurred in 6 percent of patients, and toxic shock in 13 percent. The mortality rate was 15 percent overall, but it was 29 percent among those over 64 years of age (P<0.001) and 81 percent among those with toxic shock (P<0.001). Fourteen percent of the cases were nosocomial, and 4 percent occurred in nursing home residents, often in association with disease outbreaks. Invasive disease occurred in 2 household contacts of patients with infection, for an estimated risk of 3.2 per 1000 household contacts (95 percent confidence interval, 0.39 to 12 per 1000). Conclusions: The elderly and those with underlying medical conditions are at greatest risk for invasive group A streptococcal disease, toxic shock, and necrotizing fasciitis. Invasive streptococcal infection is associated with a substantial risk of transmission in households and health care institutions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Streptococcus group A Streptococcus infection (epidemiology, etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article Canada child clinical feature female human incidence infant major clinical study male mortality newborn priority journal risk factor toxic shock syndrome (epidemiology, etiology) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1996250810 MEDLINE PMID 8684408 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8684408) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199608223350803 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 954 TITLE Policy and guidelines for prevention and management of substance abuse in the nursing education community. American Association of Colleges of Nursing. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1996) 12:4 (253-257). Date of Publication: 1996 Jul-Aug ISSN 8755-7223 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health care policy malpractice nursing education nursing student school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing organization organization and management policy United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8755141 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8755141) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 955 TITLE The physiological effects of alcohol misuse. AUTHOR NAMES Roberts C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Roberts C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Roberts, SOURCE Professional nurse (London, England) (1996) 11:10 (646-648). Date of Publication: Jul 1996 ISSN 0266-8130 ABSTRACT Alcoholism is costly both in human and monetary terms. A thorough nursing assessment will lead to early detection and treatment. Further tissue damage and suffering can be reduced by early intervention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (complication) health promotion nursing assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing pathophysiology patient education self help LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8718369 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8718369) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 956 TITLE Alcohol and other drug problems in Australia: the urgent need for nurse education. AUTHOR NAMES de Crespigny C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (de Crespigny C.) Flinders University of SA School of Nursing, South Australia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. de Crespigny, Flinders University of SA School of Nursing, South Australia. SOURCE Collegian (Royal College of Nursing, Australia) (1996) 3:3 (23-29). Date of Publication: Jul 1996 ISSN 1322-7696 ABSTRACT The economic, social and health costs associated with alcohol and other drug use, including medicines, impact on the Australian community profoundly. Many Australians use alcohol and other drugs (AODs) on a regular basis and a significant number experience problems at some time. There are about 25,000 drug-related deaths annually, the majority of which are related to alcohol and tobacco use. Many young people die or are injured as a direct result of alcohol intoxication, accidental overdose and related problems, and significant numbers of elderly people are hospitalised, permanently incapacitated or suffer avoidable trauma through adverse drug reactions and side-effects of medications. It is estimated that at least 25 per cent of acute hospital beds hold patients with alcohol-related problems directly associated with the medical diagnosis, and there are comparable numbers of people needing social and other forms of assistance at some time. Despite the preventative nature of many AOD problems and the call for harm reduction, timely intervention and support for the thousands of Australians attending hospitals, community health and mental health services, nurses are yet to effectively assist the community in preventing and responding to the range of AOD problems. Nursing policy, guidelines and clinical expertise are required to assist the community in addressing this issue. Undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing education have a vital role to play in providing the profession with the knowledge, skills and research base to meet this challenge. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) alcoholism (prevention) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Australia clinical competence cost of illness human review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 9265493 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9265493) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 957 TITLE A model of contributing risk factors to chemical dependency in nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Mynatt S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mynatt S.) University of Memphis Loewenberg School of Nursing, Tennessee 38152, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Mynatt, University of Memphis Loewenberg School of Nursing, Tennessee 38152, USA. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1996) 34:7 (13-22). Date of Publication: Jul 1996 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. The risk of chemical dependency in women includes a chaotic family of origin, victimization, and low self-esteem. 2. Women with substance abuse disorders often suffer from a co-morbid depression, which is a threat to relapse. 3. Nursing and nursing education must develop strategies to minimize the risks associated with substance abuse disorders. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction malpractice nurse psychological model EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male philosophy psychological aspect questionnaire retrospective study risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8832509 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8832509) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 958 TITLE Drinking problems of nursing students. AUTHOR NAMES Marion L.N. Fuller S.G. Johnson N.P. Michels P.J. Diniz C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Marion L.N.; Fuller S.G.; Johnson N.P.; Michels P.J.; Diniz C.) Department of Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612-7350, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.N. Marion, Department of Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612-7350, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1996) 35:5 (196-203). Date of Publication: May 1996 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT A sample of 315 nursing students in yearly cohorts (1988-1992) completed the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST). A simple and quick instrument with established reliability and validity, the MAST had a reliability coefficient of .78 with this sample. The MAST scores of the nursing students indicated that 21.5% had probable alcoholism or were alcoholic. Drinking problems among these nursing students were similar to those of other nursing students and college students in general. Implications for nurse educators include recognition that nursing students need continuing self-assessment and monitoring to avoid drinking problems as a student and future practitioner. Alcoholism self-screening is an excellent introduction to client assessment for drinking problems. Implications for future research include identifying correlates and determinants of problem drinking behaviors and ultimately developing and testing educational interventions to eliminate the problem. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article cohort analysis female human incidence male mass screening middle aged nursing education psychological aspect questionnaire risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8718773 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8718773) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 959 TITLE Attitudes and perceptions of nursing students toward chemically impaired nurses: implications for nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Wennerstrom P.A. Rooda L.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wennerstrom P.A.; Rooda L.A.) Indiana University Northwest Campus, Gary 46408, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.A. Wennerstrom, Indiana University Northwest Campus, Gary 46408, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1996) 35:5 (237-239). Date of Publication: May 1996 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health personnel attitude malpractice nurse nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical competence female human male nursing nursing education psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8718781 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8718781) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 960 TITLE Helping students understand substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Espeland K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Espeland K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Espeland, SOURCE Nurse educator (1996) 21:1 (31). Date of Publication: 1996 Jan-Feb ISSN 0363-3624 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8700410 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8700410) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 961 TITLE Case control study of risk factors for hepatitis A: Naples 1990-1991 AUTHOR NAMES Sagliocca L. Mele A. Ferrigno L. Palumbo F. Converti F. Tosti M.E. Amoroso P. Manzillo G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sagliocca L.; Mele A.; Ferrigno L.; Palumbo F.; Converti F.; Tosti M.E.; Amoroso P.; Manzillo G.) Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Lab. Epidemiologia Biostatistica, Reparto di Epidemiologia Clinica, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Mele, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Lab. Epidemiologia Biostatistica, Reparto di Epidemiologia Clinica, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy. SOURCE Italian Journal of Gastroenterology (1995) 27:4 (181-184). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0392-0623 BOOK PUBLISHER International University Press, Via Dora 1, Roma, Italy. ABSTRACT An increased incidence of hepatitis A was observed in Naples from 1990-1991. A hospital-based case-control study was carried out to evaluate the relative importance of various risk factors. A hundred and ninety-eight cases and 238 hospital controls were recruited during the study period. The strongest association was contact with a jaundiced person among children. A correlation was also shown for children and adults with raw shellfish consumption and pre-school nursery attendance or presence in the household of children attending pre-school nurseries. History of travel and intravenous drug use were risk factors for adult subjects. Considering the relative importance of the specific risk factors we found that 38% of the acute hepatitis A cases were attributable to contact with a jaundiced person, 15% to presence in the household of children attending pre-school nurseries and 28% to raw shellfish consumption. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hepatitis A (epidemiology) risk factor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article case control study child city controlled study disease transmission drug abuse household human incidence infant Italy jaundice nursery shellfish travel EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gastroenterology (48) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995362656 MEDLINE PMID 8520034 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8520034) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 962 TITLE Certification update. AUTHOR NAMES Nelson N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nelson N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Nelson, SOURCE Perspectives on addictions nursing : a publication of the National Nurses Society on Addictions (1995) 5:4 (10). Date of Publication: 1995 Winter ISSN 1057-1639 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) certification nursing discipline nursing organization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article human nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7773844 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773844) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 963 TITLE Alcohol and drug misuse in the nursing home AUTHOR NAMES Joseph C.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joseph C.L.) 111-NIICU, Portland VA Medical Center, PO Box 1035, Portland, OR 97207, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Joseph, 111-NIICU, Portland VA Medical Center, PO Box 1035, Portland, OR 97207, United States. SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1995) 30:13-14 (1953-1984). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0020-773X BOOK PUBLISHER Marcel Dekker Inc., 270 Madison Avenue, New York, United States. ABSTRACT The misuse of alcohol or drugs is a common and frequently neglected problem among nursing home residents. The misuse of prescription medications is particularly prevalent, but tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs are all subject of misuse by nursing home residents. This article reviews the epidemiologic and clinical aspects of substance misuse in nursing homes, including alcohol, illicit drugs, tobacco, and pyschoactive medications, Regulations regarding the prescription of psychoactive drugs in nursing homes is also discussed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol psychotropic agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS antidepressant agent anxiolytic agent hypnotic sedative agent illicit drug neuroleptic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology, rehabilitation, therapy) drug misuse (epidemiology, rehabilitation, therapy) nursing home tobacco EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged aging drug dependence treatment health care quality human prescription priority journal review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English, Spanish, French EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995371463 MEDLINE PMID 8751325 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8751325) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 964 TITLE Evaluating students' substance abuse assessment skills AUTHOR NAMES Murphy S.A. Scott C.S. Mandel L.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy S.A.; Scott C.S.; Mandel L.S.) Dept. Psychosocial/Community Health, University of Washington, Box 357263, Seattle, WA 98195-7263, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Murphy, Dept. Psychosocial/Community Health, University of Washington, Box 357263, Seattle, WA 98195-7263, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Abuse (1995) 7:3 (357-364). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0899-3289 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Graduating nursing students' abilities to assess clients for substance use were evaluated using two standal dized patient (SP) cases. In the comprehensive health history case (unprompted), 55% of the study participants assessed alcohol use and 20% assessed drug use. When prompted to conduct a substance use history, at least 90% of the subjects asked about the quantity and frequency of alcohol use and 80% asked about drug use. However, in the prompted case, fewer than 10% of the subjects linked current alcohol and drug (AOD) use with risks and consequences, nor did they ask the SP if he had considered decreasing substance use. The mean score for communication skills used in the two assessment interviews were 3.65 and 3.56 on a 1 to 6 Likert scale. These data point out the need for additional emphasis on instructing students to include AOD questions as part of routine assessments, what questions to ask in a substance use assessment, and how to act on the information received. The use of SPs is one way to obtain valid information about students' assessment competencies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article diagnosis human normal human nurse priority journal student EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1996022488 MEDLINE PMID 8749794 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8749794) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-3289(95)90028-4 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 965 TITLE Courses conflict and control. AUTHOR NAMES Lehane M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lehane M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Lehane, SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (1995) 10:10 (50-51). Date of Publication: 1995 Nov 29-Dec 5 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing staff psychiatric nursing violence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article case report education human in service training male nurse patient relationship nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8679482 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8679482) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 966 TITLE Agony and ecstasy. AUTHOR NAMES Day M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Day M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Day, SOURCE Nursing times (1995) 91:44 (14-15). Date of Publication: 1995 Nov 1-7 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical competence human nursing standard United Kingdom (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7501509 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7501509) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 967 TITLE Community-based research: a tool for community empowerment and student learning. AUTHOR NAMES Kelley B.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelley B.R.) Northeastern University College of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.R. Kelley, Northeastern University College of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1995) 34:8 (384-386). Date of Publication: Nov 1995 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Teaching Nursing Research is most often done close to the end of the student's educational experience. This article describes Northeastern University College of Nursing's experience using community-based research projects as a method of teaching nursing concepts and skills to beginning nursing students. By using Paulo Freire's model of Community Empowerment, a group of inner-city teens developed a drug awareness manual that is used to teach elementary school students about drugs and drug use. Through this model, students also learn that healthcare is a partnership among individuals, communities and professionals. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing consumer nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent article book child education human model United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8558286 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8558286) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 968 TITLE Home care of the battered pregnant woman: one battered woman's pregnancy. AUTHOR NAMES Christian A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Christian A.) Harris Home Health Services, Fort Worth, TX, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Christian, Harris Home Health Services, Fort Worth, TX, USA. SOURCE Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG (1995) 24:9 (836-842). Date of Publication: 1995 Nov-Dec ISSN 0884-2175 ABSTRACT Perinatal nurses in the home care setting should screen all women for battering. Pregnant women who are battered need nursing education and intervention to help break the cycle of abuse and promote optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. This case report describes nursing care in the home for a battered pregnant patient at high risk. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) home care partner violence pregnancy complication prenatal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adult article case report female human human relation male nursing nursing assessment patient education pregnancy psychological aspect social support treatment refusal LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8583274 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8583274) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 969 TITLE Improving nurses' responses toward substance-misusing patients: a clinical evaluation project. AUTHOR NAMES Gerace L.M. Hughes T.L. Spunt J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gerace L.M.; Hughes T.L.; Spunt J.) University of Illinois, Chicago College of Nursing, Rockford Regional Program 61107, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Gerace, University of Illinois, Chicago College of Nursing, Rockford Regional Program 61107, USA. SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (1995) 9:5 (286-294). Date of Publication: Oct 1995 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT Practitioners in acute and primary care settings often fail to identify and intervene with chemically dependent patients. Counterproductive attitudes, lack of knowledge, and poor clinical skills impede early identification, treatment, and referral. In response to these problems, an educational intervention was designed to improve practicing nurses' recognition of and responses to substance-misusing patients. Results of the pretest posttest comparison group evaluation suggest that educational interventions were influential in improving nurses' confidence in caring for substance misusing patients. Although data reflecting changes in attitudes were less compelling, the improvement in treatment optimism is a positive change that has important clinical implications. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude to health nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article clinical competence education female health care quality human longitudinal study male nursing organization and management program development psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7487170 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7487170) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 970 TITLE Barriers and breakthroughs: substance abuse curricula in nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Church O.M. Babor T.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Church O.M.; Babor T.F.) University of Connecticut School of Nursing, Storrs, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS O.M. Church, University of Connecticut School of Nursing, Storrs, USA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1995) 34:6 (278-281). Date of Publication: Sep 1995 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health education educational model health care quality human nursing organization and management program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7472640 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7472640) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 971 TITLE Pain in burn patients AUTHOR NAMES Latarjet J. Choinère M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Latarjet J.) St Joseph and St Luc Burn Centre, Lyon, France. (Latarjet J.; Choinère M.) Burn Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital of Montreal, Que., Canada. (Latarjet J.; Choinère M.) Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Que., Canada. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Latarjet, Centre Des Brules, CH St Joseph et St Luc, 6 Rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon cedex 07, France. SOURCE Burns (1995) 21:5 (344-348). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0305-4179 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT While severe pain is a constant component of the burn injury, inadequate pain management has been shown to be detrimental to burn patients. Pain-generating mechanisms in burns include nociception, primary and secondary hyperalgesia and neuropathy. The clinical studies of burn pain characteristics reveal very clear-cat differences between continuous pain and pain due to therapeutic procedures which have to be treated separately. Some of the main features of burn pain are: (1) its long-lasting course, often exceeding healing time, (2) the repetition of highly nociceptive procedures which can lend to severe psychological disturbances if pain control is inappropriate. Pharmacotherapy with opioids is the mainstay for analgesia in burned patients, but non-pharmacological techniques may be useful adjuncts. Routine pain evaluation is mandatory far efficient and safe analgesia. Special attention mast be given to pain in burned children which remains too often underestimated and undertreated. More educational efforts from physicians and nursing staff are necessary to improve pain management in burned patients. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy) alfentanil (drug therapy) analgesic agent (drug therapy) anxiolytic agent (drug therapy) buprenorphine (pharmacology) codeine (drug therapy) dextropropoxyphene (drug therapy) fentanyl (drug therapy) ketamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) lidocaine (drug therapy) morphine (drug therapy) nalbuphine (pharmacology) opiate (adverse drug reaction) opiate agonist (drug therapy) paracetamol (drug therapy) propofol (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) burn pain (complication, drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged analgesia article childhood injury complication drug dependence (side effect) hallucination (side effect) human hyperalgesia intravenous drug administration nociception oral drug administration pain assessment preschool child respiration depression (side effect) school child sensory neuropathy (complication) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) alfentanil (69049-06-5, 71195-58-9) buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9) codeine (76-57-3) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) fentanyl (437-38-7) ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3) lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) nalbuphine (20594-83-6, 23277-43-2) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) paracetamol (103-90-2) propofol (2078-54-8) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Drug Literature Index (37) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Internal Medicine (6) Dermatology and Venereology (13) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995218683 MEDLINE PMID 7546255 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7546255) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-4179(95)00003-8 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 972 TITLE Consumption, behaviour and knowledge with respect to alcoholic drinks in student nurses in the province of Bologna, Italy AUTHOR NAMES Bergamaschi A. Zanetti F. Stampi S. De Luca G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bergamaschi A.; Zanetti F.; Stampi S.; De Luca G.) Istituto di Igiene, via S. Giacomo 12, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Bergamaschi, Istituto di Igiene, via S. Giacomo 12, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. SOURCE European Journal of Epidemiology (1995) 11:2 (185-191). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0393-2990 BOOK PUBLISHER Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands. ABSTRACT A study was carried out on alcohol intake among the students of the Schools for Trained Nurses in the province of Bologna by means of an anonymous especially prepared questionnaire. The series consisted of 1077 subjects: 753 females and 324 males aged between 16 and 40, 68.2% of males and 56.8% of females drank wine, 1'81.3% of males and 61.8% of females drank beer and 65.3% of males and 46.2% of females drank spirits. While beer was the most popular drink, wine was on average drank in greater quantity. Alcohol intake was significantly related to sex (higher among males), area of origin (South) and cigarette smoking. The risk attributable to alcohol abuse are well known to almost all of the sample, above all those in the 2nd and 3rd years of their course. Nevertheless their alcohol consumption was not particularly different from that of students attending other High Schools. Regarding the sources of their information about the risks, the 'mass media' was more quoted by the oldest students while 'family' was given by the younger students; the Nursing School was more often mentioned by both sexes in the 2nd and 3rd year of course. No relation however was found between the students knowledge of risks and actual consumption. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption health behavior EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article drinking behavior female human human experiment Italy male normal human nurse questionnaire risk assessment risk factor sex difference EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995188695 MEDLINE PMID 7672074 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7672074) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719486 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 973 TITLE Medicalizing the war on drugs AUTHOR NAMES Schmoke K.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schmoke K.L.) 100 North Holliday Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.L. Schmoke, 100 North Holliday Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, United States. SOURCE Academic Medicine (1995) 70:5 (355-358). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 1040-2446 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Most medical colleges, teaching hospitals, and other health education and treatment institutions are already expanding their horizons to include attention to the public health needs of their communities. But one pressing public health problem-substance abuse-that should be treated as a disease and handled by doctors and nurses is at present entrusted primarily to law enforcement. The author believes that this is the wrong approach: the War on Drugs is not working, and drug laws are inconsistent and illogical. Changes in national drug policies must be changed. The author has called for a national commission to study how all drugs-legal and illegal-should be regulated. He advocates a health-regulatory strategy, sometimes called 'medicalization,' whereby the government would set up a regime to pull addicts into the public health system and would control the price, distribution, purity, and access to addictive substances, just as it now does with prescription drugs. This would take the profit out of drug trafficking. Addicts would be treated and if necessary maintained under medical auspices. Baltimore began its own version of medicalization in the summer of 1994 with a needle-exchange program, an approach that has elsewhere led to dramatic drops in AIDS infection and drug-related crime. Baltimore also has a mobile van for methadone treatment and is getting help from public and private sources for increased drug treatment and prevention programs. In the medicalization of the War on Drugs, the nation's medical colleges, schools of public health, teaching hospitals, and nursing schools all have roles to play. For example, training in addiction treatment should become part of their curricula, especially for primary care physicians and nurses. All teaching, caregiving, research, and funding institutions must get involved to find and successfully implement medically oriented ways to deal with substance abuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methadone (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug control substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug dependence (prevention, therapy) drug legislation heroin dependence (drug therapy) human law enforcement methadone treatment needle priority journal review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995158764 MEDLINE PMID 7748378 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7748378) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 974 TITLE Inappropriate use of nonpsychotropic medications in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Williams B. Betley C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Williams B.; Betley C.) Div. of General Medicine, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Michigan University Medical Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0376, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Williams, Div. of General Medicine, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Michigan University Medical Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0376, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1995) 43:5 (513-519). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and patient-specific predictors of the use of 10 presumptively inappropriate medications used to treat medical conditions among nursing home residents, and to use this information to examine alternative screening strategies using computerized assessment data to identify residents who are at high risk of receiving inappropriate medications. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. PATIENTS: All persons residing in all 252 nursing homes in two states during the last 6 months of 1991 (N = 21,884). MEASUREMENTS: Data were from Minimum Data Set Plus (MDS+) assessments, gathered as part of the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) Multistate Nursing Home Casemix and Quality Demonstration Project. The MDS+ is an expanded version of the federally mandated Minimum Data Set (MDS) that includes additional information on medications and their doses and schedules (frequency, standing vs prn). The reliability of the MDS has been demonstrated previously. Medications were defined as inappropriate using explicit criteria from published literature. Outcome measures were the standing use of each or any of 10 presumptively inappropriate medications used to treat medical (rather than psychiatric or behavioral) conditions. Potential predictors of inappropriate medication use included patient demographic characteristics, payer, a proxy measure for length of stay and admission source, functional status, number of standing medications, and state. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 12% of residents were prescribed one or more of 10 presumptively inappropriate meditations on a standing basis, a figure that differed substantially between states (14.0% vs 7.4% (P < .001)). The most prevalent inappropriate medications were dipyridamole (5.4% of residents), amitriptyline (3.3%), and methyldopa (1.8%). Among patients receiving 0 to 3, 4 to 6, and 7+ meditations, 5%, 12%, and 19%, respectively, were receiving at least one inappropriate medication. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the strongest predictors of inappropriate medication use were state and the total number of standing medications prescribed. Including other statistically significant predictors of inappropriate medication use (age > 65 years, never having been married, severe functional limitations, being a long-stay patient, and medical diagnosis) did not substantially improve the overall predictive ability of the model. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of nursing home residents receives presumptively inappropriate medications to treat medical conditions. Selecting persons prescribed large numbers of medications for further review may be the most efficient method for nursing home or pharmacy personnel to identify residents at high risk of receiving inappropriate medications. Extensive additional information on residents' characteristics, although widely available through the Minimum Data Set, does not significantly improve the ability to identify residents receiving inappropriate medications for medical conditions. State-specific policies or provider practices also influence the likelihood of presumptively inappropriate medication use among nursing home residents and deserve further investigation. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amitriptyline dipyridamole methyldopa EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS chlorpropamide cimetidine cyclandelate hydrochlorothiazide isoxsuprine ranitidine reserpine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug misuse (epidemiology) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article combination chemotherapy female high risk patient human major clinical study male prediction screening United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) chlorpropamide (94-20-2) cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2) cyclandelate (456-59-7) dipyridamole (58-32-2) hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5) isoxsuprine (395-28-8, 579-56-6) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3) reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995147294 MEDLINE PMID 7730533 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7730533) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 975 TITLE Problem drinking among residents of a VA nursing home AUTHOR NAMES Joseph C.L. Atkinson R.M. Ganzini L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Joseph C.L.; Atkinson R.M.; Ganzini L.) Portland VA Medical Center, Section of Gerontology (111-NHCU-V), PO Box 1035, Portland, OR 97207, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.L. Joseph, Portland VA Medical Center, Section of Gerontology (111-NHCU-V), PO Box 1035, Portland, OR 97207, United States. SOURCE International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (1995) 10:3 (243-248). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0885-6230 ABSTRACT The authors conducted a retrospective study of problem drinking among persons admitted to a Veterans Affairs Nursing Home Care Unit (VA NHCU). Lifetime problem drinking was prevalent in 36% of admissions, two-thirds of whom had active alcohol problems. Problem drinkers were younger and less often currently married than NHCU residents without alcohol problems. Forty-seven per cent of persons with active alcohol problems returned to independent living. The results suggest that VA NHCUs may be an important transition between hospital and home for elderly patients with alcohol problems, affording an opportunity for identification and intervention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) nursing home senescence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article human major clinical study male marriage medical record retrospective study soldier EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995119487 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 976 TITLE Chemical impairment of nursing students: a comprehensive policy and procedure. AUTHOR NAMES Asteriadis M. Davis V. Masoodi J. Miller M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Asteriadis M.; Davis V.; Masoodi J.; Miller M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Asteriadis, SOURCE Nurse educator (1995) 20:2 (19-22). Date of Publication: 1995 Mar-Apr ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Faculty and students in nursing education programs need to have a clear understanding of what constitutes chemical impairment and the academic consequences that will result when nursing students are identified as impaired due to substance abuse. The authors present the process used to develop a comprehensive policy, procedures, and contractual agreement for addressing the problem of chemical impairment of nursing students. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human organization and management policy program development LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7770158 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7770158) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 977 TITLE Putting prevention into clinical practice: A program for occupational health nurses AUTHOR NAMES Lessure L.J. Griffith H.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lessure L.J.; Griffith H.M.) Time Life, Inc., Alexandria, VA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.J. Lessure, Time Life, Inc., Alexandria, VA, United States. SOURCE AAOHN Journal (1995) 43:2 (72-75). Date of Publication: 1995 ISSN 0891-0162 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT As cost control issues become paramount in the company downsizing mode of the '90s, the exceptional health promotion/disease prevention skills of occupational health nurses will be increasingly valued (Pravikoff, 1992). This same corporate climate may dictate delivery methods that expand the traditional focus of occupational health nurses. Increasing primary care and health promotion efforts, including options for family involvement and greater emphasis on group presentations and services, will direct occupational health nurses activities to reach u greater proportion of the employee population (Maciag, 1993; Rogers, 1994). For occupational health nurses prepared to meet these new challenges, use of the PPIP program will be a valuable resource. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care delivery health promotion occupational safety EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS blood pressure regulation cholesterol blood level cost control fitness health care quality occupational health nursing occupational therapist patient counseling primary medical care review stress substance abuse EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1995044410 MEDLINE PMID 7779183 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7779183) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 978 TITLE Effectiveness of health instruction provided by student nurses in rural secondary schools of Zimbabwe: a feasibility study. AUTHOR NAMES Munodawafa D. Marty P.J. Gwede C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Munodawafa D.; Marty P.J.; Gwede C.) University of Akron, Department of Physical and Health Education, OH 44325-5103, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Munodawafa, University of Akron, Department of Physical and Health Education, OH 44325-5103, USA. SOURCE International journal of nursing studies (1995) 32:1 (27-38). Date of Publication: Feb 1995 ISSN 0020-7489 ABSTRACT This demonstration project used student nurses (n = 12) on community deployment to provide health instruction among rural school-age populations in Zimbabwe. A quasi-experimental (pre- and post-test), non-equivalent control group design was used and consisted of 141 school pupils in the intervention group and 144 pupils in the comparison group (N = 285). The curriculum focused on prevention of STDs, HIV/AIDS and drugs (alcohol, tobacco and marijuana). A gain in health knowledge scores among the intervention group was reported at post-test. More than 70% of the pupils who received health instruction from student nurses gave a high approval rating of student nurses' performance. Further, student nurses, teachers and tutors all support school health instruction by student nurses although tutors and teachers differ on teaching about condoms. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--prevention and control action research Adolescents Drug Addiction--prevention and control health health education nurse nursing student pilot study program effectiveness research rural population school health nursing Secondary Schools Sexually Transmitted Diseases--prevention and control student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (prevention) adolescent adult Africa Africa south of the Sahara age analysis of variance article attitude to health chi square distribution clinical trial condom controlled clinical trial controlled study curriculum Demographic Factors developing country diseases Eastern Africa education English Speaking Africa feasibility study female genital tract infection health care delivery health care personnel health care quality human Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention) Infections juvenile male methodology organization and management population population and population related phenomena Programs psychometry school sexually transmitted disease (prevention) social problem Studies substance abuse Viral Diseases Zimbabwe LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7730003 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7730003) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 979 TITLE Perinatal substance use: promoting abstinence in acute care settings. AUTHOR NAMES Budd K.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Budd K.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.W. Budd, SOURCE AACN clinical issues (1995) 6:1 (70-78). Date of Publication: Feb 1995 ISSN 1079-0713 ABSTRACT All health-care providers need to understand the effects of alcohol, nicotine, and other drugs on the mother and developing fetus and the ways to promote abstinence or at least a decrease in use. The use of these substances may produce chronic and/or catastrophic effects that force the pregnant woman into contact with the health-care system. Such contact can produce a healthier outcome for both the mother and fetus if it includes identification of substance use and intervention to promote abstinence. In this article, the author describes the consequences of prenatal substance use for the mother and fetus, identifies techniques used to screen and assess prenatal substance use, and explains strategies used to intervene in prenatal substance use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (complication) health promotion pregnancy complication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease article female human intensive care nursing nursing assessment pregnancy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7736307 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7736307) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 980 TITLE Family nurse practitioner clinical competencies in alcohol and substance use. AUTHOR NAMES Talashek M.L. Gerace L.M. Miller A.G. Lindsey M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Talashek M.L.; Gerace L.M.; Miller A.G.; Lindsey M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.L. Talashek, SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (1995) 7:2 (57-63). Date of Publication: Feb 1995 ISSN 1041-2972 ABSTRACT The prevalence of substance use among patients presenting to primary health care settings mandates clinical competency in the area for nurse practitioners (NPs). An educational intervention with an evaluation component is described. The effect of incorporating substance use content into a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) curriculum was tested with a convenience sample of 16 FNP students and 8 practicing NPs. Students' knowledge increased significantly; however, differences in students' and practicing NPs' knowledge did not reach significance. Students' clinical competency increased significantly, as demonstrated by standardized patient clinical evaluations, and was significantly better than the practicing NPs in the skill domains of evaluation and record keeping. Educational intervention can improve NP identification of substance-abusing patients in primary health care settings. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism clinical competence general practice nurse practitioner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education health care quality human nursing nursing education standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7756035 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7756035) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 981 TITLE A comparison of substance use rates among female nurses, clerical workers and blue-collar workers. AUTHOR NAMES Blazer L.K. Mansfield P.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Blazer L.K.; Mansfield P.K.) Lancaster General Hospital, School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.K. Blazer, Lancaster General Hospital, School of Nursing, Pennsylvania, USA. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1995) 21:2 (305-313). Date of Publication: Feb 1995 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT The issue of impairment of practising professional nurses by alcohol and other drugs has become a critical concern since the 1980s. The literature abounds with conjectures about the large numbers of nurses who are impaired, often without valid data to support the claims that the problem in nursing is greater than it is in the general population. This study reflects an effort to compare the reported substance use of employed female nurses with that of two other groups of working females. Survey data from 920 nurses, 405 clerical workers and 200 females employed in non-traditional trades jobs in two large eastern states in the US revealed that there was little evidence of 'abuse' of any of 15 substances; nurses did not report higher rates of substance use than the other two groups; and most reported substance use occurred in the younger age groups, reflecting the national trend. The need for continuing research efforts and confirmation of valid data, and primary prevention efforts with young female workers, including at-risk student nurses, is made evident. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nurse occupation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult age distribution article comparative study female human malpractice middle aged questionnaire randomization socioeconomics statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7714288 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7714288) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 982 TITLE Gear future training to practitioners' needs. Attitudes towards intravenous drug users. AUTHOR NAMES Carroll J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Carroll J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Carroll, SOURCE Professional nurse (London, England) (1995) 10:4 (215-219). Date of Publication: Jan 1995 ISSN 0266-8130 ABSTRACT 1. There is no clear-cut relationship between staff knowledge and their attitudes to HIV and Aids. 2. Perceptions of service delivery to drug users are likely to be affected by respondents' occupational backgrounds. 3. The effectiveness of service delivery is likely to be affected by situational constraints. 4. There is a need for improved training and support, particularly for non-specialist staff. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome attitude to health nursing education nursing staff substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human methodology nursing psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7855146 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7855146) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 983 TITLE The management of sharps in the emergency department: Is it safe? AUTHOR NAMES Moss S.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moss S.T.) UCSD School of Medicine, Office of Student Affairs 0606, 9500 Oilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093-0606, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.T. Moss, Office of Student Affairs, UCSD School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, CA 92093-0606, United States. SOURCE Journal of Emergency Medicine (1994) 12:6 (745-752). Date of Publication: 1994 ISSN 0736-4679 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier USA, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT In this study, we observed the management of sharps by health care workers including physicians, nurses, technicians, and students in the Emergency Department of the University of California-San Diego Medical Center. Twenty- eight percent of 418 observed sharp utilizations were managed in such a way that excess risk was conferred to the user, another person, or both. Twenty- seven percent conferred excess risk to the user and 12% to another person. Twenty percent of 322 recappable needles were recapped using a two-handed technique; 64% were disposed of uncapped. Four sharps (1%) were inadvertently thrown in the trash. Of the 418 observed sharp utilizations, none resulted in a puncture wound, although the four that were thrown in the trash represent a very high risk of injury to others. Physicians were observed handling the highest percentage of sharps in manners associated with excess risk while technicians and students managed sharps with the least risk. Among sharps used on patients who were IV drug abusers with unknown HIV status, 29% (n = 28) were handled with excess risk to the user, another person, or both. Of 24 sharps used on known HIV-infected patients, there were no practices observed that subjected either the user or another person to excess risk. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) emergency ward health care personnel Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) stab wound (etiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article controlled study drug abuse hepatitis B (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) hepatitis C (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) human major clinical study medical student needle nurse occupational hazard physician priority journal risk management waste disposal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1994383868 MEDLINE PMID 7884192 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7884192) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-4679(94)90479-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 984 TITLE School nursing in America--1902-1994: a return to public health nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Hawkins J.W. Hayes E.R. Corliss C.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hawkins J.W.; Hayes E.R.; Corliss C.P.) School of Nursing, Boston College, MA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.W. Hawkins, School of Nursing, Boston College, MA. SOURCE Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.) (1994) 11:6 (416-425). Date of Publication: Dec 1994 ISSN 0737-1209 ABSTRACT In October 1902, Lina Lavanche Rogers began her work in the New York City schools as the first school nurse in the United States. The purpose of this research was to examine the evolution of school nursing as it exemplifies development of a public health nursing specialty. Historiographic methodology was used. Primary sources included materials written by pioneers in school nursing. Secondary sources included journals, books, newspapers, biographical materials, and unpublished materials from the archives of health care and educational institutions and agencies. Public health nurses in 1902 had a model for practice that was considerably more independent and interdependent than that characterizing the practice of hospital nurses. From its origins in public health nursing, the role of the school nurse shrunk in many school systems to that of dispenser of bandages and aspirins, only to return once more to an advanced practice model. HIV, tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, addiction, and violence have returned and/or replaced the contagious diseases of 1902 and the early years of school nursing. New immigrants, poverty, homelessness, and lack of primary care offer challenges to school nurses to meet the needs of schoolchildren and their families in the 1900s. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS art article health service history human model United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7870660 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7870660) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 985 TITLE Cases of conscience: casuistic analysis of ethical dilemmas in expanded role settings. AUTHOR NAMES Dimmitt J.H. Artnak K.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dimmitt J.H.; Artnak K.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.H. Dimmitt, SOURCE Nursing ethics (1994) 1:4 (200-207). Date of Publication: Dec 1994 ISSN 0969-7330 ABSTRACT In the absence of a well articulated conceptual framework for nursing ethics, this article argues for a theory of applied ethics--casuistics--used within a clinical reasoning model, to analyse the complicated issues presented in three cases involving adolescents receiving treatment for abuse through a rural alternative learning centre. The clinical nurse specialist, as an independent practitioner within the community, is presented with many ethical challenges arising from cultural diversity. The inherent independent nature of such practice environments combined with the pluralism which exists in today's multicultural society demands that professional nurses working in these circumstances develop and utilize an ethical framework for the analysis of patient care in situations that involve moral conflict. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) casuistry cultural anthropology ethics logic medical ethics model nurse attitude problem solving role playing vulnerable population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent alternative medicine article Bioethics and Professional Ethics case report conflict female human human relation law enforcement nurse nursing psychiatric nursing trust LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7850509 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7850509) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 986 TITLE Comorbidities of HIV-1/AIDS in adults. AUTHOR NAMES Ungvarski P.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ungvarski P.J.) Visiting Nurse Service of New York, NY. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.J. Ungvarski, Visiting Nurse Service of New York, NY. SOURCE The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC (1994) 5:6 (35-44). Date of Publication: 1994 Nov-Dec ISSN 1055-3290 ABSTRACT The comorbid diagnoses associated with illness due to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are cumulative, multiple, and varied. These diagnoses start with primary infection, then progress to symptomatic illness and finally to AIDS-indicator diseases. The author reviews this progression and additional variables such as preexisting health problems, socioeconomic status, health insurance coverage, and educational level. Based on an understanding of the preexisting problems, as well as the HIV-1 trajectory, the author outlines the implications for future nursing education, practice, and research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (complication) comorbidity EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult AIDS related complex (complication) educational status female health insurance human lifestyle male review sexual behavior sexually transmitted disease socioeconomics substance abuse (complication) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7865805 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7865805) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 987 TITLE Children from alcoholic families--a population at risk. AUTHOR NAMES Jack L. Haines V. Weinstein N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jack L.; Haines V.; Weinstein N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Jack, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1994) 10:3 (27-34; quiz 36). Date of Publication: Oct 1994 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT This article focuses on children of alcoholics as a population at risk, and discusses strategies for assessment and intervention by school nurses. Information about alcohol abuse and the effects of problem drinking on children is provided. Case history examples will offer additional illustration, with resiliency being highlighted. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) child school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article case report female human male nursing assessment psychological aspect risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7873903 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7873903) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 988 TITLE Survey of addiction education of Iowa nursing students. AUTHOR NAMES Flanders K.L. Pfeiffer J. Ryan V.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Flanders K.L.; Pfeiffer J.; Ryan V.H.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.L. Flanders, SOURCE Perspectives on addictions nursing : a publication of the National Nurses Society on Addictions (1994) 5:3 (5-6). Date of Publication: 1994 Fall ISSN 1057-1639 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing nursing student questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7773842 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773842) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 989 TITLE Dual specialization for addiction nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Vourakis C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vourakis C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Vourakis, SOURCE Perspectives on addictions nursing : a publication of the National Nurses Society on Addictions (1994) 5:3 (2, 4). Date of Publication: 1994 Fall ISSN 1057-1639 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction certification nursing discipline psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult editorial human nursing nursing organization United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7773840 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773840) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 990 TITLE Prescription drugs and nursing education: knowledge gaps and implications for role performance. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics (1994) 22:3 (257-261). Date of Publication: 1994 Fall ISSN 1073-1105 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nurse practitioner nursing education prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education human medical society nursing psychiatric nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7749482 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7749482) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 991 TITLE Modifying a childbirth education curriculum for two specific populations. Inner-city adolescents and substance-using women. AUTHOR NAMES Carrington B.W. Loftman P.O. Boucher E. Irish G. Piniaz D.K. Mitchell J.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Carrington B.W.; Loftman P.O.; Boucher E.; Irish G.; Piniaz D.K.; Mitchell J.L.) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harlem Hospital Center, New York City. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.W. Carrington, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harlem Hospital Center, New York City. SOURCE Journal of nurse-midwifery (1994) 39:5 (312-320). Date of Publication: 1994 Sep-Oct ISSN 0091-2182 ABSTRACT An interdisciplinary care provider team conducted a nonexperimental, observational, descriptive study to determine a childbirth education curriculum that would meet the needs of pregnant adolescent and substance-using women who attend prenatal clinics at an urban, municipal hospital center. A childbirth education curriculum, originally taught to a clinic population in 1974, was used with the two special populations in 1993 for a 7-month period. Participants were encouraged to provide feedback about the curriculum for each class by offering suggestions for additions or deletions of content. Provider staff also evaluated the content for applicability today. At the end of the study period, the pregnant adolescent group had been most involved with the class exercises; members of the group provided feedback about content. They were consistently positive in evaluating the entire six-class curriculum and recommended some additional topics. The adolescents demonstrated sustained interest in breast-feeding. The substance-using women, on the other hand, expressed a preference for content that focused on labor and birth; they preferred to ask questions, individually and in the privacy of the examining room, and showed negligible interest in breast-feeding. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction adolescent pregnancy curriculum labor mother pregnancy complication urban population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article clinical trial education female health care quality health service human nursing patient satisfaction pregnancy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7990011 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7990011) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 992 TITLE Health education: early learning centre. AUTHOR NAMES Williams K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Williams K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Williams, SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (1994) 8:41 (22-23). Date of Publication: 1994 Jul 6-12 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article attitude to health child female human male methodology teaching United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8060880 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8060880) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 993 TITLE Problems in the recognition and treatment of patients with dual diagnoses AUTHOR NAMES Milling R.N. Faulkner L.R. Craig J.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Milling R.N.) Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, United States. (Faulkner L.R.) William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute, Columbia, SC, United States. (Craig J.M.) University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.N. Milling, Department of Neuropsychiatry, South Carolina Univ. School of Med., Columbia, SC, United States. SOURCE Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (1994) 11:3 (267-271). Date of Publication: 1994 ISSN 0740-5472 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Background: This study was to find if the dually diagnosed in a teaching psychiatric hospital were being adequately identified and treated. Method: The records of 200 adult inpatients were reviewed for psychiatric diagnoses, the presence of a history of substance abuse, and the kinds of treatment rendered those patients. Results: Forty-three percent of the patients admitted were found to have a history of substance abuse, but 31.4% of these had a history of substance abuse in the record without a formal diagnosis. Major depression (26.6%) and schizophrenia (18.7%) were the most frequent diagnoses. Half of the patients received no documented treatment for substance abuse. The most common intervention was education by the nursing staff. Conclusions: There is a clear need for better recognition and treatment of the dually diagnosed patient. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (diagnosis) schizophrenia (diagnosis) substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article diagnostic accuracy disease association medical record peer review priority journal treatment planning EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1994191840 MEDLINE PMID 8072056 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8072056) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0740-5472(94)90085-X COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 994 TITLE Neonatal outcome in infants with evidence of fetal exposure to opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids AUTHOR NAMES Nair P. Rothblum S. Hebel R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nair P.; Rothblum S.; Hebel R.) Department of Pediatrics, Univ. of Maryland School of Medicine, 700 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Nair, Department of Pediatrics, Univ. of Maryland School of Medicine, 700 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. SOURCE Clinical Pediatrics (1994) 33:5 (280-285). Date of Publication: 1994 ISSN 0009-9228 BOOK PUBLISHER SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States. ABSTRACT This study evaluated the neonatal outcome of infants with evidence of fetal exposure to cocaine, opiates, and cannabinoids. Subjects were from the newborn nursery of an inner-city university teaching hospital. Meconium from 141 infants admitted to the full-term nursery was analyzed for metabolites of opiates, cocaine, and cannabinoids. The population was 72% African-American; 82% had medical assistance; history of drug use was reported in the medical records in 18%; mean maternal age was 24.2 years; mean birth weight was 3,234 ± 502 g; and neonatal abstinence syndrome was reported in 7%. Meconium analysis data showed the following: 52.5% were drug-free; cocaine was present in 31%, opiates in 18% (cocaine and/or opiates 39%), and cannabinoids in 17%. In 38 infants in whom urine toxicology was obtained for clinical indications, meconium was more sensitive than urine in detecting drug exposure (55.3% vs 31.5%). There was no significant difference between cocaine/opiate-exposed and drug-free infants in race, socioeconomic status, maternal age, birth weight, head circumference, length, and Apgar scores. Cocaine/opiate-exposed infants had greater length of stay and increased frequency of maternal sexually transmitted diseases during pregnancy, with a trend toward a higher percent with fetal distress. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabinoid cocaine opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prenatal drug exposure EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS anthropometric parameters Apgar score article feces analysis fetomaternal transfusion fetus distress (complication) human major clinical study meconium newborn socioeconomics urinalysis withdrawal syndrome (epidemiology) CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1994162745 MEDLINE PMID 8050257 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8050257) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 995 TITLE Health promotion. Weeding out the issues. AUTHOR NAMES Seymour J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Seymour J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Seymour, SOURCE Nursing times (1994) 90:23 (26-28). Date of Publication: 1994 Jun 8-14 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion smoking cessation tobacco dependence (rehabilitation) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article hospital patient hospital personnel human morality nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8015923 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8015923) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 996 TITLE Salutogenesis: an organizing structure for addictions nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Mason W.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mason W.H.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.H. Mason, SOURCE Perspectives on addictions nursing : a publication of the National Nurses Society on Addictions (1994) 5:2 (3-7). Date of Publication: 1994 Summer ISSN 1057-1639 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article case report health promotion human male middle aged nursing psychological aspect psychological model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7773839 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773839) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 997 TITLE Prevention works! With the nursing link. AUTHOR NAMES Jack L.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jack L.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.W. Jack, SOURCE Perspectives on addictions nursing : a publication of the National Nurses Society on Addictions (1994) 5:2 (2, 15). Date of Publication: 1994 Summer ISSN 1057-1639 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing nursing organization United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7773838 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7773838) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 998 TITLE Nursing implementation of smoking bans on psychiatric wards. AUTHOR NAMES Richardson M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Richardson M.) McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02178-9106. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Richardson, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02178-9106. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1994) 32:6 (17-19). Date of Publication: Jun 1994 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT Although the prevalence of tobacco dependence among psychiatric inpatients far exceeds that of the general population, psychiatric inpatients are concerned about the health risks and financial impact of their addiction. Financial resources heretofore invested in supporting psychiatric patients' smoking and treatment of cigarette related illnesses can be reallocated to underwrite patient education. Comprehensive nursing care of tobacco dependent patients addresses knowledge deficits through individual and group treatment modalities. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) hospital subdivisions and components mental hospital nursing staff smoking (prevention) smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology organization and management patient education policy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7932302 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7932302) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 999 TITLE Alcoholic heart disease: A review AUTHOR NAMES Piano M.R. Schwertz D.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Piano M.R.; Schwertz D.W.) Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, 845 S. Damen, Chicago, IL 60312, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Piano, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, 845 S. Damen, Chicago, IL 60312, United States. SOURCE Heart and Lung: Journal of Critical Care (1994) 23:1 (3-20). Date of Publication: 1994 ISSN 0147-9563 BOOK PUBLISHER Mosby Inc., 11830 Westline Industrial Drive, St. Louis, United States. ABSTRACT The association between chronic alcohol consumption and alcoholic heart disease in human beings is well recognized. Chronic alcohol consumption is the leading cause of secondary cardiomyopathy, a heart muscle disease associated with long-term alcohol consumption. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption have a negative inotropic effect on the myocardium, precipitate arrhythmias, and may provoke angina pectoris. There are numerous reports that alcohol changes many subcellular processes that are involved in excitation- contraction coupling. However, the exact mechanism(s) underlying these changes in the heart are still poorly understood. Despite the recent presumptive protective reports that moderate alcohol consumption protects against the risk of coronary artery disease, nurses and physicians must educate all patients about the many other adverse effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this article is to review and discuss the mechanism(s) that may underlie changes in contractile function after long-term alcohol consumption and identify current trends in identification and treatment of alcoholic heart disease. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (drug toxicity) cardiac glycoside (drug therapy) contractile protein (endogenous compound) diuretic agent (drug therapy) vasodilator agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetaldehyde (drug toxicity) actin (endogenous compound) adenosine triphosphatase (potassium sodium) (endogenous compound) apoprotein (endogenous compound) beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy) calcium channel blocking agent (drug therapy) calcium ion (endogenous compound) digitalis glycoside (drug therapy) dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug therapy) high density lipoprotein (endogenous compound) hydralazine (drug therapy) myosin (endogenous compound) nitrate (drug therapy) tropomyosin (endogenous compound) troponin (endogenous compound) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholic cardiomyopathy (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, surgery, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcohol abstinence alcohol blood level alcohol consumption alcohol intoxication alcoholism calcium homeostasis coronary artery disease (prevention) drug alcohol interaction electrocardiography heart function heart mitochondrion heart muscle contractility heart size human hypertension (etiology) lipid peroxidation nonhuman patient education priority journal review sarcolemma sarcoplasmic reticulum self evaluation sodium restriction CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetaldehyde (75-07-0) alcohol (64-17-5) calcium ion (14127-61-8) hydralazine (304-20-1, 86-54-4) nitrate (14797-55-8) tropomyosin (72067-79-9) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5) Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18) Drug Literature Index (37) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1994056366 MEDLINE PMID 8150642 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8150642) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1000 TITLE A multi-professional course in substance misuse. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.) St George's Hospital Medical School, Division of Psychiatry of Addictive Behaviour, London, England. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, St George's Hospital Medical School, Division of Psychiatry of Addictive Behaviour, London, England. SOURCE International nursing review (1994) 41:2 (53-56). Date of Publication: 1994 Mar-Apr ISSN 0020-8132 ABSTRACT A major health problem worldwide, substance abuse is preventable and manageable with minimal interventions. Thus there is an urgent need to prepare nurses and other healthcare professionals to effectively respond and adapt their existing generic skills in working with substance misusers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude to health clinical competence curriculum human model nurse nursing organization and management psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8034416 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8034416) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1001 TITLE An intervention to improve the assessment of alcoholism by practicing physicians. AUTHOR NAMES Cowan P.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cowan P.F.) Family Practice Department, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.F. Cowan, Family Practice Department, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612. SOURCE The Family practice research journal (1994) 14:1 (41-49). Date of Publication: Mar 1994 ISSN 0270-2304 ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Alcoholism is estimated to affect at least 10% of American adults. Despite the fact that early diagnosis is possible and early treatment can prevent great suffering, American physicians typically diagnose and treat alcoholism less than half the time. Several authors have suggested additional physician education as a possible way to improve alcoholism assessment skills and increase the diagnosis rate. METHODS: A baseline audit, an educational intervention, and a post-intervention audit were done with physicians and nurse practitioners in an urban family practice group, using information recorded during everyday patient care. RESULTS: A significant increase in specific alcohol intake histories and a significant decrease in recorded abstention were found. The proportion of patients with a recorded diagnosis of alcoholism was 2.5% before and 4.1% after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: After this intervention, physicians' and FNP's skills in alcohol history-taking and assessment increased, and were incorporated into their daily patient care. Education alone was not enough to remedy a low diagnosis rate; many other factors are involved. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation) general practice medical audit medical education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged anamnesis article curriculum education female group practice human male middle aged nurse practitioner patient care treatment outcome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8048347 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8048347) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1002 TITLE Community health research by PHC nurses in Kwazulu. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Nursing RSA = Verpleging RSA (1994) 9:3 (24-28). Date of Publication: Mar 1994 ISSN 0258-1647 ABSTRACT Epidemiological research in community health has been practised by Primary Health Care nursing students in KwaZulu for the past fifteen years. This consists of a descriptive community survey to determine the priority needs, followed by an investigation into one of these needs, usually by means of an interview survey of 50 households. The process is largely self-directed, with expert guidance and assistance readily available. The status and support of the PHC nurses in KwaZulu needs to be enhanced in order to make them more effective. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health services research nursing research EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (prevention) article epidemiology nematodiasis (prevention) rural population sanitation sexually transmitted disease (prevention) South Africa LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8177305 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8177305) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1003 TITLE A tool for empowerment: live for life school nurse fellowship. AUTHOR NAMES Fredericksen P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fredericksen P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Fredericksen, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1994) 10:1 (6-9). Date of Publication: Feb 1994 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT This report describes a school nurse fellowship program, Live for Life School Nurse Fellowship, designed and supported by Johnson & Johnson and held in conjunction with the New Jersey Summer School of Alcohol and Drug Studies on the campus of Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The program has been in effect for five years and has involved 135 school nurses and their administrators from 13 states. Results of an independent evaluation are included. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction medical education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article behavior education health care quality human nursing organization and management psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8161878 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8161878) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1004 TITLE The cocaine-exposed infant, Part II: Intervention and teaching. AUTHOR NAMES Forrest D.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Forrest D.C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.C. Forrest, SOURCE Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners (1994) 8:1 (7-11). Date of Publication: 1994 Jan-Feb ISSN 0891-5245 ABSTRACT The incidence of cocaine use among women of child-bearing years is increasing at an alarming rate. Part I of this article described techniques for identifying and assessing the cocaine-exposed infant. Part II discusses techniques of intervention and treatment of these infants. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child care mother nurse practitioner patient education pediatric nursing withdrawal syndrome (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article chemically induced disorder education female human methodology newborn nursing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8120784 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8120784) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1005 TITLE Nursing model of psychoeducation for the seriously mentally ill patient. AUTHOR NAMES Holmes H. Ziemba J. Evans T. Williams C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Holmes H.; Ziemba J.; Evans T.; Williams C.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Holmes, SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (1994) 15:1 (85-104). Date of Publication: 1994 Jan-Feb ISSN 0161-2840 ABSTRACT The purposes of this paper are to describe a nursing model for psychoeducation that is being implemented in the psychiatric unit of a Veterans Administration (V.A.) Hospital and to report baseline descriptive data for 19 seriously mentally ill patients. The data were collected as part of a larger study of patient, family, and treatment variables associated with community adjustment of seriously ill psychiatric patients. A convenience sample of 19 consenting patients with DSM-III-R diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder were interviewed and assessed by a clinical nurse specialist. Nine consenting family members, identified by the patient as a key family member, were also interviewed. The baseline data reported here were generated in these interviews. These data were also used to develop psychoeducational plans to meet individual patient/family needs. The patients had had an average of 12 prior hospitalizations. Their mean age was 38 years; 74% were African-American and 89% were male. Patients reported a variety of understandings of the reason for their hospitalization and techniques for management of their symptoms. The most common ways of managing symptoms were categorized as physical activity, decreasing stimuli, and use of alcohol/drugs/smoking. Practical problems arising in association with the conduct of clinical research in a V.A. psychiatric setting by a research team are also discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) educational model mental disease (prevention) model patient care planning patient education psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptive behavior adult article female hospital readmission human male middle aged nursing public hospital LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8119800 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8119800) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1006 TITLE Smoking health risk. Counseling of psychiatric patients. AUTHOR NAMES Buchanan C.R. Huffman C. Barbour V.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Buchanan C.R.; Huffman C.; Barbour V.M.) Mental Health Clinic, Department of Veterans Affairs Domiciliary, White City, Oregon. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.R. Buchanan, Mental Health Clinic, Department of Veterans Affairs Domiciliary, White City, Oregon. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1994) 32:1 (27-32). Date of Publication: Jan 1994 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. Cigarette smoking has been identified as the single most important source of preventable morbidity and premature mortality in the United States for each of the past 25 years. Despite a smoking rate of 50% to 84%, persons with psychiatric illness have not been the target of any documented smoking health risk education in current literature. 2. Most nurses view smoking health risk education as a nursing function, but few actually provide this care for patients due to perceived ineffectiveness of health risk education, belief that smoking is not a health risk, and lack of knowledge base to provide the care. 3. Data from the study reported on in the article reflected that nurses were providing smoking health risk information to less than 50% of patients. Nurses were not identifying nicotine dependence as a nursing problem and therefore were making no plans to provide nursing interventions to resolve it. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude to health clinical practice counseling mental hospital nursing staff psychiatric nursing smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article education epidemiology female human male middle aged nursing evaluation research patient compliance psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8145196 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8145196) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1007 TITLE Age-related differences in breast cancer treatment. AUTHOR NAMES August D.A. Rea T. Sondak V.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (August D.A.; Rea T.; Sondak V.K.) Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0331. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.A. August, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0331. SOURCE Annals of surgical oncology : the official journal of the Society of Surgical Oncology (1994) 1:1 (45-52). Date of Publication: Jan 1994 ISSN 1068-9265 ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: More than half of the cases of breast cancer treated in the United States occur in women over age 65. This study investigates age-related differences in breast cancer therapy. METHODS: A retrospective review of all women with primary operable invasive breast cancer treated at the University of Michigan Breast Care Center over a 30-month period showed a total of 77 older patients aged > or = 65 years (median, 71; oldest patient, 92) for whom full information was available regarding comorbidity, tumor stage and histology, and details of surgery, radiation, and chemohormonal therapy and complications. Fifty-one similar younger patients aged 55-64 years (median, 59) were identified for comparison. Patients were classified as either having received standard treatment or non-standard treatment. Standard therapy was prospectively defined as follows: local/regional--lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection plus radiation therapy or modified radical mastectomy; systemic--chemotherapy and/or tamoxifen for stage II disease. A comorbidity score calculated for each patient assigned one point each for nursing home residence, nonambulatory status, recent surgery, and each medical problem requiring drug therapy. RESULTS: When overall treatment (local/regional plus systemic) was assessed, proportionately fewer older patients (55 of 77 versus 47 of 51; p < 0.01) received standard treatment. Fewer older than younger patients (62 of 77 versus 50 of 51; p < 0.01) received surgical therapy that included an axillary dissection. A smaller proportion of older patients received radiation therapy following lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection (26 of 29 versus 19 of 19; N.S.). Overall, only 59 of 77 older patients versus 50 of 51 younger patients (p < 0.001) received standard local/regional care. Similar proportions of younger and older patients (19 of 22 and 24 of 30, respectively) received standard systemic therapy for stage II breast cancer, but older patients were less likely to receive chemotherapy than younger patients (7% versus 50%; p < 0.001). Treatment-related complications were not age-related but were more frequent in patients receiving standard treatment than in patients receiving nonstandard treatment (45 of 102 versus two of 26; p < 0.001). Comorbidity score correlated with the use of nonstandard therapy but not with age. The scores for both older and younger patients receiving overall standard treatment were 0.8 versus 1.5 and 1.4, respectively, in patients receiving nonstandard treatment. Interestingly, explanations for decisions to deviate from standard treatment guidelines were often not identified. Comorbidity was explicitly noted in only one of four younger patients who received nonstandard treatment therapy. In 22 older patients who received nonstandard treatment, comorbidity was cited in eight cases, patient age was cited in six cases, and patient choice was cited in four cases. Follow-up (median, 34 months) did not show that disease-free or overall survival differences were related to age or to treatment (standard versus nonstandard). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate age-related variations in breast cancer treatment in a multidisciplinary breast care unit. Lower complication rates and equivalent short-term outcomes in women who received nonstandard therapy suggest good clinical judgment may have played a role in these differences. Although age-related patient preferences and comorbidity are relevant, the age-related attitudes of caregivers must also be taken into account to fully explain these variations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) breast tumor (therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS age aged article female human middle aged mortality postoperative complication radiotherapy (adverse drug reaction) retrospective study survival rate LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 7834427 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7834427) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1008 TITLE Developing educational programmes for nurses that meet today's addiction challenges. AUTHOR NAMES Hagemaster J. Handley S. Plumlee A. Sullivan E. Stanley S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hagemaster J.; Handley S.; Plumlee A.; Sullivan E.; Stanley S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Hagemaster, SOURCE Nurse education today (1993) 13:6 (421-425). Date of Publication: Dec 1993 ISSN 0260-6917 ABSTRACT Since undergraduate curricula have in the past offered little substance abuse content, bold and innovative educational programmes are necessary to prepare nurses for the addiction challenges of the 1990s. The University of Kansas and the American Nurses' Foundation (ANF) recently addressed the problem when they were jointly funded by the John W. and Effie E. Speas Memorial Trust to present an alcohol and other drug education project targeted to nurses practicing in the local community. 60 nurses in key clinical settings were given an opportunity to receive general information about substance abuse through two, 2-day workshops. The purposes of the project were; (1) to plan and develop materials for an alcohol and other drug abuse (AODA) curriculum for practicing nurses in a variety of clinical areas; (2) to assess the effectiveness of the programme through on-site and post-workshop participant evaluations; (3) and to refine the curriculum and materials according to evaluation data. Results indicated that participants' knowledge of AODA was significantly increased by the workshop. Attitudes also changed in two areas, permissiveness and belief in treatment interventions. Decreased permissiveness toward substance abuse persisted 3 months after the workshop indicating this may be a lasting change. The conclusion is that education can lead to a change in knowledge and attitudes toward substance abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education program development EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care quality human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8121344 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8121344) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1009 TITLE An evaluation of four student placements in psychiatric nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Adams C.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Adams C.G.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.G. Adams, SOURCE The Journal of the New York State Nurses' Association (1993) 24:4 (19-22). Date of Publication: Dec 1993 ISSN 0028-7644 ABSTRACT A sample of senior baccalaureate students enrolled in a psychiatric nursing course was tested before and after four alternative clinical placements to measure student satisfaction. While overall satisfaction with clinical placements was relatively high for this sample and not significantly different among groups, differences were noted when satisfaction was examined for different aspects of clinical learning. In general, traditional inpatient placement settings for psychiatric nursing may be deficient in providing students with substantive learning about substance abuse and rehabilitation models. Both substance abuse based settings and combining a range of settings through which students rotate appear deficient in providing adequate learning about mental illness. Perhaps most important was the improvement in Group 3's preference scores, suggesting the importance to students of the clinical nurse specialist as a role model. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing student psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude comparative study education human questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8113913 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8113913) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1010 TITLE Alcohol-related problems within the family and global functioning of the children: A population-based study AUTHOR NAMES Corrao G. Busellu G. Valenti M. Lepore A.R. Sconci V. Casacchia M. Di Orio F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Corrao G.; Busellu G.; Valenti M.; Lepore A.R.; Sconci V.; Casacchia M.; Di Orio F.) Centro di Epidemiologia, Facolta di Medicina, Via G Verdi 28, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Corrao, Centro di Epidemiologia, Facolta di Medicina, Via G Verdi 28, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy. SOURCE Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology (1993) 28:6 (304-308). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0933-7954 BOOK PUBLISHER Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag GmbH and Co. KG, P.O. Box 100462, Darmstadt, Germany. ABSTRACT We carried out a population-based prevalence study to assess the association between the presence of alcohol-related problems within the family and the risk of disorders in the children's global functioning level. We enrolled 394 children attending nursery, primary and secondary schools and their parents living in two municipalities in Central Italy. Alcohol-related problems within the family were reported by registered records obtained from general practitioners and teachers, who were considered as preference raters. The childrens level of functioning was assessed by teachers, who attributed to each school child a score according to the Children Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). The number of reports of alcohol-related problems within the family and the CGAS scores were considered, respectively, as independent and dependent variables in a multiple logistic regression model for ordinal outcome variables. The children's sex and age, and the age of their parents, the duration of the parents' education and family size were considered as covariates. We found a strong association between a poor level of functioning in the children in the social environment and alcohol-related problems within the family. The prevalence odds ratio (and 95% confidence interval) decreased from 0.5 (range 0.2-1.3) for children whose families were reported by one rater to 0.4 (range 0.2-0.8) for children whose families were reported by two raters, the non-reported families being the reference category, suggesting that the level of functioning of the child decreased as reports of alcohol-related problems in the family increased. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) child health family social behavior EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS academic achievement age article child education family size female human Italy major clinical study male population research prevalence regression analysis social status EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1994028074 MEDLINE PMID 8134882 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8134882) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00795912 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1011 TITLE Nursing knowledge: acute postoperative pain management in the elderly. AUTHOR NAMES Brockopp D.Y. Warden S. Colclough G. Brockopp G.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brockopp D.Y.; Warden S.; Colclough G.; Brockopp G.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.Y. Brockopp, SOURCE Journal of gerontological nursing (1993) 19:11 (31-37). Date of Publication: Nov 1993 ISSN 0098-9134 ABSTRACT 1. The inadequate management of acute postoperative pain among adults is well documented. Studies have shown that 75% or more of hospitalized adult patients following surgery suffer moderate or intense pain even with the use of analgesics. Also, physicians under-prescribe narcotic analgesics and nurses administer less than the patient could receive. 2. Nurses' ineffective approaches to the management of pain have been attributed to inappropriate fears of addiction and respiratory depression, rigid attitudes regarding what constitutes adequate pain relief, and misunderstandings about the physiologic and psychologic components of pain. 3. The results of this study support McCaffery's (1989) finding that nurses do not understand the effective use of narcotics in relation to pain management. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing staff nursing student postoperative pain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article education human middle aged nursing standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8245398 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8245398) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1012 TITLE How different are VA nursing home residents? AUTHOR NAMES Mehr D.R. Fries B.E. Williams B.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mehr D.R.; Fries B.E.; Williams B.C.) Family/Community Medicine Department, M228 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.R. Mehr, Family/Community Medicine Department, M228 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, United States. SOURCE Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1993) 41:10 (1095-1101). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0002-8614 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT Objective: To identify similarities and differences between VA nursing home residents and other nursing home residents. Design: Comparison of cross- sectional data from three sources. Participants: Residents of VA nursing homes nationwide in early October 1986 (n = 10,117); participants in the 1985 National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS) (n = 5,243); residents assessed in New York State nursing homes in 1988 (n = 94,840). Measures: Age-stratified comparisons were made between the VA and the NNHS for gender, marital status, race, ethnicity, length of stay, activities of daily living (ADL) status, and selected diagnoses and conditions. Additionally, case-mix data were compared between the VA and the New York State populations. Main Results: The population of VA nursing homes is overwhelmingly men (96.1% versus 28.4% in the NNHS), and 31.2% of the VA population is under 65 years of age compared with 11.6% in the NNHS. Young (<65) VA residents are considerably more impaired in ADL than young residents in the NNHS; differences are less pronounced in those over 65 years old. VA case mix is slightly higher than the overall New York State population though the distribution of residents into categories in the Resource Utilization Groups, Version II system is somewhat different. Conclusions: VA nursing homes contain a substantial distinctive population of seriously impaired residents under 65 years of age. Though differences exist, older VA residents have many similarities to residents of non-VA nursing homes and constitute a functionally impaired population that can provide insights into the status of nursing home residents generally. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care system health care utilization nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged alcoholism article behavior disorder (diagnosis, epidemiology) chronic obstructive lung disease (diagnosis, epidemiology) community care daily life activity dementia (diagnosis, epidemiology) diabetes mellitus (diagnosis, epidemiology) ethnic group female gender government human length of stay major clinical study male marriage priority journal race soldier EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993299880 MEDLINE PMID 8409156 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8409156) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1013 TITLE The effects of ethanol exposure on radial arm maze learning and behavior of offspring rats AUTHOR NAMES Omoto M. Seki K. Imai T. Nomura R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Omoto M.; Seki K.; Imai T.; Nomura R.) Environmental/Occuptl. Health Dept., Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Omoto, Environmental/Occuptl. Health Dept., Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. SOURCE Environmental Research (1993) 63:1 (109-121). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0013-9351 BOOK PUBLISHER Academic Press Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States. ABSTRACT The effects of maternal drinking on offspring have been studied epidemiologically, in human beings, and experimentally, in rats. The physical growth of offspring of female alcoholic rats, including histological growth of brain, lung, thymus gland, liver, and kidney, was previously reported by us. In the present study, we observed the effect of ethanol intake by the mother rat on learning ability and behavior of offspring rats using an eight radical arm maze. At the same time histological observations of the cerebrum were carried out. The mother rat was exposed to ethanol from a young age to delivery (P-DEL) or to weaning (P-NURS). After weaning, the offspring was exposed to ethanol until the tests began (P-WEAN). Experimental groups, classified by length of ethanol exposure, as mentioned above, disclosed the following: (1) Number of trials required for fulfilling learning criterion was significantly large in P-DEL and P-NURS rat groups relative to the controls; that is, P-DEL and P-NURS rats were slow in learning. (2) Numbers of rats which did not fulfill the learning criterion were: Group P-DEL, one male of eight; Group P-NURS, three males of seven. The behavior of the rats in Group P-WEAN differed from those in other groups; while they were receiving acclimation training, they were, unlike ordinary rats, not watchful of the device, slow to find the feed, and indifferent. They seemed to lack carefulness and sometimes failed to eat the feed even though they succeeded in selecting correct arms. Their motion was abrupt and they ran at extraordinarily high speeds. (3) In the observations of correct choices in the first eight choices, groups P-DEL and P-NURS showed significantly low values. This suggested the lowering of their learning ability. (4) In the observations of continuous correct choices. Group P-DEL showed a significantly low value. This suggested the rats did not learn thoroughly enough to retain their acquisition long. (5) Body weight, learning ability, and hippocampal neurons were affected by ethanol exposure more severely in Group P-NURS than in Group P-DEL. An even more severe effect was observed in Group P-WEAN. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption fetal alcohol syndrome (diagnosis, etiology) prenatal drug exposure EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS animal behavior animal model animal tissue conference paper controlled study female hippocampus histopathology learning maze test neurotoxicity (diagnosis, etiology) nonhuman psychomotor performance rat CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Toxicology (52) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993292161 MEDLINE PMID 8404766 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8404766) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/enrs.1993.1133 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1014 TITLE Recognizing and treating delirium in patients admitted to general hospitals AUTHOR NAMES Kane Jr. F.J. Remmel R. Moody S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kane Jr. F.J.; Remmel R.; Moody S.) Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, 490 Peachtree St NE, Atlanta, GA 30308, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.J. Kane Jr., Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, 490 Peachtree St NE, Atlanta, GA 30308, United States. SOURCE Southern Medical Journal (1993) 86:9 (985-988). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0038-4348 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT We report a retrospective study of 59 patients for whom our university hospital nursing service had required the use of lay sitters because of the need for constant observation. Of 54 charts examined, 28 noted a need for psychiatric consultation, mostly because of delirious states. Quality of care deficits discerned included (1) inadequate pharmacotherapy of alcoholic and nonalcoholic delirium, (2) inadequate search for treatable causes of delirium (thyroid, B(12), and folate deficiencies), (3) insufficient awareness of persistent cognitive deficits, which influence the patient's ability to care for himself or give informed consent. The knowledge and skills deficits we found are not unique to this hospital and reflect the failure of most graduate programs to reinforce basic psychiatric teaching. The quality of care issues indicate that more serious consideration should be given to providing necessary psychiatric training. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy) hydroxyzine embonate (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS chlordiazepoxide (drug therapy) cyanocobalamin folic acid lorazepam (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) delirium (drug therapy, therapy) delirium tremens (drug therapy, therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article cognitive defect cyanocobalamin deficiency folic acid deficiency health care quality hospitalization human hypothyroidism major clinical study observation priority journal psychiatric treatment DRUG TRADE NAMES vistaril CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) cyanocobalamin (53570-76-6, 68-19-9, 8064-09-3) folic acid (59-30-3, 6484-89-5) hydroxyzine embonate (10246-75-0) lorazepam (846-49-1) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993277800 MEDLINE PMID 8103609 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8103609) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1015 TITLE Updating the critical care nurse on alcohol and other drug abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Neafsey P.J. Fisk N.B. Williams C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Neafsey P.J.; Fisk N.B.; Williams C.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.J. Neafsey, SOURCE Critical care nurse (1993) 13:5 (98-107). Date of Publication: Oct 1993 ISSN 0279-5442 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism intensive care nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article curriculum education female human male middle aged nursing nursing discipline LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8404008 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8404008) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1016 TITLE Adolescent substance abuse: psychosocial factors. AUTHOR NAMES Tuttle J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tuttle J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Tuttle, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1993) 9:3 (18, 20, 22-25). Date of Publication: Oct 1993 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT The prevention and management of adolescent substance abuse requires an understanding of the psychosocial context in which such a problem develops. This article reviews literature from the health and behavioral sciences and provides information about the prevalence of substance abuse, family and other psychosocial factors associated with substance abuse, and signs and symptoms of various kinds of substance abuse. Implications for school nursing practice are discussed and suggestions for implementation made. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent female human male nursing prevalence psychological aspect review risk factor school health nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8241685 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8241685) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1017 TITLE Nursing's renaissance. An innovative continuum of care takes nurses back to their roots. AUTHOR NAMES Hey M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hey M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Hey, SOURCE Health progress (Saint Louis, Mo.) (1993) 74:8 (26-32). Date of Publication: Oct 1993 ISSN 0882-1577 ABSTRACT Nurses in the Tucson area are not only serving persons in hospitals but also caring for them in their homes and neighborhoods and teaching them how to maintain their health. Three nursing programs--community nursing centers, home health services, and nurse case management--are part of the nursing continuum of care within Carondelet Health Care. Promoting clients' optimal wellness level, helping them maintain their highest level of functioning, preserving their dignity and independence, and enhancing their self-care are the goals of the Carondelet Community Nursing Centers. Nurse practitioners monitor clients' blood pressure and cholesterol and blood sugar levels and can test for episodic problems. Carondelet Home Health nurses teach clients about disease processes, symptom management, and medications; assess or monitor a patient's condition; care for wounds, and coordinate services such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and home-delivered meals. Persons are usually referred to home health as they are discharged from the hospital. In addition to helping clients with psychosocial problems, nurse case managers perform traditional nursing functions like monitoring and teaching about medications. Nurse case management clients include the frail elderly or persons who have at least one of the following: a chronic disease that is causing steadily declining health; a terminal illness; an acute episode that requires monitoring and support; care-giver stress; or an inability to cope, as evidenced by anxiety, depression or substance abuse. Services for such clients will gain prominence in a reformed healthcare system. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing patient care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article health center home care hospital organization human middle aged nurse practitioner organization and management patient care planning philosophy self care United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10129199 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10129199) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1018 TITLE Stress and coping: the influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal processing of African Americans. AUTHOR NAMES Outlaw F.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Outlaw F.H.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.H. Outlaw, SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (1993) 14:4 (399-409). Date of Publication: 1993 Oct-Dec ISSN 0161-2840 ABSTRACT Individuals who experience repeated stressful events are at risk for developing physical and psychological illnesses. African Americans are an ethnic group that is exposed to a range of stressors over time, including racism which leads to discrimination. African Americans also suffer disproportionately from hypertension, cardiac disease, obesity, and drug and alcohol abuse--all illnesses that have been linked to stress. This paper describes a model to guide nursing practice, research, and education about the influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal, stress, and coping of African Americans. Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) phenomenological approach to cognitive appraisal, stress, and coping is the theoretical framework on which the model is based. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adaptive behavior African American cognition mental function mental stress social psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article ethnology health status human nursing nursing methodology research psychological aspect psychological model risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8244690 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8244690) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1019 TITLE LIGHT model: An effective intervention model to change high-risk AIDS behaviors among hard-to-reach urban drug users AUTHOR NAMES Andersen M.D. Smereck G.A.D. Braunstein M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Andersen M.D.; Smereck G.A.D.; Braunstein M.S.) Personalized Nursing Corporation, 575 S. Main St., Plymouth, MI 48170, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Andersen, Personalized Nursing Corporation, 575 S. Main St., Plymouth, MI 48170, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (1993) 19:3 (309-325). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0095-2990 BOOK PUBLISHER Taylor and Francis Inc., 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800, Philadelphia PA, United States. ABSTRACT Two thousand thirty-three hospital emergency room (ER) patients who were current, active injecting drug users (IDUs) were voluntary participants in a pretest, posttest research project which utilized a nursing model, the Personalized Nursing LIGHT Model, as a counseling approach to decrease high- risk AIDS behaviors. The LIGHT Model works by directly improving well-being and thereby indirectly decreasing high-risk behaviors associated with AIDS. Addicts from an urban ER in each of three cities (Detroit, Michigan; Brooklyn, New York; and Baltimore, Maryland) were treated with teams consisting of nurses and indigenous outreach workers. Posttest data were gathered on 995 of the clients who received the Personalized Nursing LIGHT Model teaching and counseling intervention. In a posttest at least 3 months after the initial interview, these IDUs reported a significant increase in well-being, t(530) = -11.77; p < .001, and significant reductions in frequency of IV heroin use, z = -18.4; p < .001, IV cocaine use, z = -16.0; p < .001, and IV speedball use, z = -14.3; p < .001, as well as significant decreases in sharing of cookers (a type of drug-using equipment), z = -13.8; p < .001, and other high-risk behaviors associated with AIDS acquisition and transmission. At a second posttest, at least 6 months after the initial interview, these results were unchanged. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine diamorphine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome drug use nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article behavior female human infection risk major clinical study male patient counseling patient education priority journal United States urban population virus transmission CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993259483 MEDLINE PMID 8213695 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8213695) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1020 TITLE Nursing and substance misuse: responding to the challenge. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.) St George's Hospital Medical School, Division of Psychiatry of Addictive Behaviour, London, England. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, St George's Hospital Medical School, Division of Psychiatry of Addictive Behaviour, London, England. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1993) 18:9 (1401-1407). Date of Publication: Sep 1993 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT The widespread use and misuse of alcohol, drug and other psychoactive substances are major health and social concerns that affect the lives of many. The social and health sequelae of psychoactive drugs and alcohol are preventable and manageable with minimal interventions. Nurses and other health workers can effectively respond to substance misuse problems and their existing generic skills can be easily adapted in working with substance misusers. This paper considers some of the issues such as the extent of the problem, attitudinal considerations, response to substance misusers and a brief outline of the role of the nurse. The urgent need for education and training in substance misuse and addictive behaviour for nurse practitioners is also addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude to health clinical competence curriculum education health care planning human nurse practitioner nursing nursing education primary health care review role playing social psychology standard United Kingdom (epidemiology) work LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8258598 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8258598) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1021 TITLE Teaching infant CPR to mothers of cocaine-positive infants. AUTHOR NAMES Messmer P. Meehan R. Gilliam N. White S. Donaldson P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Messmer P.; Meehan R.; Gilliam N.; White S.; Donaldson P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Messmer, SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1993) 24:5 (217-220). Date of Publication: 1993 Sep-Oct ISSN 0022-0124 ABSTRACT Cocaine abuse, a major problem in our society, has increased in women of childbearing age. Because cocaine-positive infants are at greater risk for apnea/sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), their mothers need to be instructed in infant CPR. This study compared the use of a computerized interactive video learning system to the traditional infant CPR teaching method (lecture, video, and return demonstration) to determine the most effective method. This study indicated that mothers of cocaine-exposed infants can learn infant CPR in the immediate postpartum period and that the traditional method was found to be more effective. One unexpected positive outcome was the increase in these mothers' self-esteem. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mother resuscitation teaching videorecording withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comparative study education female health care quality human methodology newborn nursing CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8408859 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8408859) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1022 TITLE Health promotion. Education on the rocks. AUTHOR NAMES Cooper D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cooper D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Cooper, SOURCE Nursing times (1993) 89:29 (32-33). Date of Publication: 1993 Jul 21-27 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health promotion nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing nursing discipline standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8346062 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8346062) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1023 TITLE The risk of occupational human immunodeficiency virus infection in health care workers: Italian multicenter study AUTHOR NAMES Ippolito G. Puro V. De Carli G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ippolito G.; Puro V.; De Carli G.) AIDS Unit, L. Spallanzani Hospital, Rome, Italy. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Ippolito, AIDS Unit, L. Spallanzani Hospital, Rome, Italy. SOURCE Archives of Internal Medicine (1993) 153:12 (1451-1458). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0003-9926 BOOK PUBLISHER American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United States. ABSTRACT Background: More than 50 cases of occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in health care workers (HCWs) have been reported worldwide. Determinants of injuries and of infection are important to investigate to design effective prevention programs. Methods: In Italy, 29 acute-care public hospitals were enrolled in a multicenter study between 1986 and 1990. At each facility, all HCWs were enrolled who reported percutaneous, mucous-membrane, or nonintact-skin exposure to the body fluids and tissues to which universal precautions apply from an HIV-infected patient. Data were collected at the time of the incident on clinical status of the HIV-infected source, circumstance and type of exposure, and use of infection control precautions. The HCWs were followed up clinically and serologically for HIV infection at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: A total of 1592 HIV exposures were reported in 1534 HCWs; most exposures (67%) occurred in nurses, followed by physicians and surgeons (17.5%). Needlesticks were the most common source of exposure (58.4%), followed by nonintact-skin and mucous-membrane contamination (22.7% and 11.2%, respectively) and cuts (7.7%). At the time of exposure, 77.5% of the HCWs knew or suspected that the source patient was HIV infected. Two seroconversions were observed among a total of 1488 HCWs followed up for at least 6 months: one occurred in a student nurse who had been stuck with a needle used for an HIV antibody- negative, p24 HIV antigen-positive drug addict; the other was in a nurse who experienced mucous-membrane contamination with a large quantity of blood from an HIV-positive hemophilic patient. The seroconversion rate was 0.10% after percutaneous exposure (1/1003; 95% confidence interval, 0.006% to 0.55%) and 0.63% after mucous-membrane contamination (1/158; 95% confidence interval, 0.018% to 3.47%). Conclusions: The study demonstrates a small but real risk of HIV infection after percutaneous and mucous-membrane exposure to blood of HIV-infected patients and that transmission can occur during the 'window period' of infection. Furthermore, exposures to HIV are not infrequent, and many exposures could be prevented with the use of barrier precautions, appropriate behaviors, and safer devices and techniques. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care personnel Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, etiology) occupational hazard EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article disease transmission female human Human immunodeficiency virus Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence infection control major clinical study male mucosa occupational exposure priority journal skin work environment EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Internal Medicine (6) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993191066 MEDLINE PMID 8512436 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8512436) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.153.12.1451 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1024 TITLE The chemically dependent student nurse: guidelines for policy development. AUTHOR NAMES Polk D. Glendon K. DeVore C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Polk D.; Glendon K.; DeVore C.) Miami University-Hamilton, Ohio. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Polk, Miami University-Hamilton, Ohio. SOURCE Nursing outlook (1993) 41:4 (166-170). Date of Publication: 1993 Jul-Aug ISSN 0029-6554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, epidemiology, rehabilitation) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female human male management nursing education policy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8415029 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8415029) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1025 TITLE Belfast. Working with girls. AUTHOR NAMES Thompson M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thompson M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Thompson, SOURCE Health visitor (1993) 66:6 (220-221). Date of Publication: Jun 1993 ISSN 0017-9140 ABSTRACT Belfast has many of the social problems common in major British cities: soaring unemployment, teenage crime, joy-riding, high levels of teenage pregnancy, drug and alcohol abuse. In Belfast, these problems are further complicated by the political and religious divide which affects virtually every area of society. Maura Thompson reports on a unique health visitor-led initiative working with teenage girls. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing health education social problem women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article female human methodology organization and management United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8344837 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8344837) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1026 TITLE The relationship between social support and depression in recovering chemically dependent nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Sisney K.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sisney K.F.) Alternatives: Psychotherapy & Consultation Services, San Antonio, Texas. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.F. Sisney, Alternatives: Psychotherapy & Consultation Services, San Antonio, Texas. SOURCE Image--the journal of nursing scholarship (1993) 25:2 (107-112). Date of Publication: 1993 Summer ISSN 0743-5150 ABSTRACT The incidence of chemical dependence within nursing challenges the profession to explore the phenomena of chemical dependence and its recovery. Nurses (N = 58) who were peer assistance participants were studied to examine relationships between social support and depression. Social support was found to be significantly related to depression in this sample (r = -.642, p < .001). Over half of the sample initiated chemical use prior to completing nursing education. The findings of this study imply the need for researchers to target both practicing nurses and student nurses in future research intended to further explore chemical dependency in nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, rehabilitation) depression (epidemiology, rehabilitation) malpractice nurse social support EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article educational status female human male male nurse middle aged psychological aspect questionnaire statistics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8340118 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8340118) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1027 TITLE Drug information and educational needs. A survey of rural home health care nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Wolfgang A.P. Jankel C.A. McMillan J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wolfgang A.P.; Jankel C.A.; McMillan J.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.P. Wolfgang, SOURCE Home healthcare nurse (1993) 11:3 (20-23). Date of Publication: 1993 May-Jun ISSN 0884-741X ABSTRACT In a study of rural home healthcare nurses' drug information and educational needs, data were collected from 40 nurses employed by a community-based public home health agency. The most serious drug-related problem identified by the nurses was patients' failure to receive prescribed drugs. The ten types of drug-related information included in the survey were viewed as very useful. The most frequently used sources of drug-related information were reference books, other nurses, and pharmacists. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health nursing drug information EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug self administration human medication error patient compliance patient education self medication LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8314704 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8314704) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1028 TITLE Evaluation of two AIDS prevention interventions for inner-city adolescent and young adult women AUTHOR NAMES Quirk M.E. Godkin M.A. Schwenzfeier E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Quirk M.E.; Godkin M.A.; Schwenzfeier E.) Family and Community Medicine Dept, Univ of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.E. Quirk, Family and Community Medicine Dept, Univ of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, United States. SOURCE American Journal of Preventive Medicine (1993) 9:1 (21-26). Date of Publication: 1993 ISSN 0749-3797 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Two hundred and fourteen young women received acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention interventions at an inner-city family health center serving minority patients predominantly. The community in which the health center is located has a high incidence of intravenous (IV) drug abuse. Either a peer or a health care provider delivered the intervention. In the peer-delivered intervention, a trained peer educator reviewed with patients an AIDS 'Rap' videotape and several AIDS brochures, which imparted information about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), its transmission, and prevention. In the provider-delivered intervention, family practice residents, attending physicians, and nurse practitioners used a patient-centered counseling approach to convey the same information. Questionnaires administered immediately before and after the intervention and at one month follow-up evaluated changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Analyses of data from both combined intervention groups revealed significant improvement in several areas of knowledge, including the effectiveness of using a condom and cleaning IV drug implements with bleach to prevent transmission of HIV. Many improvements were retained at the one-month follow-up. In addition, subjects in both groups who were sexually active stated immediately after the intervention that asking a sexual partner about past sexual experience would now be less difficult, and at one-month follow-up they reported a significant decrease in the frequency of vaginal sex. Our findings suggest that counseling by physicians can achieve more changes in knowledge of sexual risks, whereas peer education can achieve greater changes in knowledge about IV drug use. Results show that both approaches to AIDS prevention used in this study can significantly affect knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behavior. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article city cleaning condom counseling data analysis drug abuse family health female follow up general practitioner health care delivery health center health education human Human immunodeficiency virus intravenous drug administration normal human nurse practitioner physician questionnaire sexual behavior videotape virus transmission EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993089459 MEDLINE PMID 8439433 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8439433) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1029 TITLE The need for substance misuse education in health studies curriculum: a case for nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Rassool G.H. Oyefeso A.O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rassool G.H.; Oyefeso A.O.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G.H. Rassool, SOURCE Nurse education today (1993) 13:2 (107-110). Date of Publication: Apr 1993 ISSN 0260-6917 ABSTRACT The sharp increase, in recent years, in the use and misuse of psychoactive substances necessitates greater involvement of non-specialist health care workers in the management of problems associated with substance misuse. The need to expand the health studies curriculum in line with current trends in substance use and misuse is recommended. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing organization organization and management standard United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8502201 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8502201) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1030 TITLE Partnership to prevent chemical dependency in nursing using Neuman's systems model. AUTHOR NAMES Mynatt S.L. O'Brien J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mynatt S.L.; O'Brien J.) Memphis State University, Loewenberg School of Nursing, TN 38152. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.L. Mynatt, Memphis State University, Loewenberg School of Nursing, TN 38152. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1993) 31:4 (27-32). Date of Publication: Apr 1993 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. Neuman's theory of optimal client system, which has the goal to maintain or to bring about the system's stability by the process of reconstitution, is used as the basis for the prevention efforts of the West Tennessee Nurses' Peer Assistance Program. Efforts are directed at bringing the client system to a state of stability or wellness that is higher than the previous state of chemical dependency. 2. The program has grown in both number of clients and in comprehensiveness of its prevention activities. Prevention in three specific areas--primary, secondary, and tertiary--is needed to combat the chemical dependency problem in nursing. 3. A continued partnership between the university, the school of nursing, the TNF, the TBN, and the various health care providers and nurse practitioners is needed to address the problem of chemical dependency in nursing. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention) malpractice nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article cross-sectional study female human incidence male psychological aspect risk factor United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8487224 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8487224) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1031 TITLE Promoting maternal infant health in rural communities. The Rural Health Outreach Program. AUTHOR NAMES Boettcher J.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Boettcher J.H.) Radford University School of Nursing, VA 24142. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.H. Boettcher, Radford University School of Nursing, VA 24142. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1993) 28:1 (199-209). Date of Publication: Mar 1993 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT RHOP is a nurse-managed community-based program that uses a variety of approaches to reduce infant mortality and improve maternal child health. In a rural area, representative of much of the rural South, which has a persistent record of poor maternal-child outcomes, the program is using university and community resources to make a difference. The goal is to empower the community to help it help itself using all the available resources. The initial outcome data indicate that these positive changes are happening and can be the site for future activities by those in the community as well as the university. Future plans include involving more departments at the university in the program and expanding services to three additional counties. Graduate students and faculty are becoming interested in conducting research using RHOP activities as a base, and future grants are being considered to expand into new areas such as substance abuse and cancer prevention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child health care community health nursing health promotion health service rural population EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human infant newborn organization and management preschool child preventive health service program development public relations United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8451208 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8451208) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1032 TITLE A review for school nursing professionals: adolescent depression. AUTHOR NAMES Sadler L.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sadler L.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.S. Sadler, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1993) 9:1 (12-19). Date of Publication: Feb 1993 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT Adolescent depression occurs within various developmental, social, and biologic contexts, and is manifested by traditional depressive symptoms such as fatigue, loss of interest in daily activities, weight changes, sleep disturbances, sad moods, difficulty with concentration, behavioral agitation or lethargy, feelings of worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of death. Depressed adolescents may combine these symptoms with certain additional behaviors such as academic deterioration, substance abuse, sexual activity, somatic complaints, eating disorders, conduct disorders, and other risk-taking behaviors. School nurses can play a central role in the prevention, assessment, referral, and follow-up care of this significant adolescent health problem. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child psychology depression (epidemiology, therapy) school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent female human male methodology nursing psychological aspect review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8286906 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8286906) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1033 TITLE Homeless children: interdisciplinary drug prevention intervention. AUTHOR NAMES Wagner J. Melragon B. Menke E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wagner J.; Melragon B.; Menke E.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Wagner, SOURCE Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric and mental health nursing (1993) 6:1 (22-30). Date of Publication: 1993 Jan-Mar ISSN 0897-9685 ABSTRACT Homelessness among children has been called a national tragedy. Homeless children, by virtue of their unique situation, are particularly vulnerable for early initiation of and sustained participation in substance abuse behaviors. The authors describe homeless children in relation to drug abuse etiology research, discuss current prevention strategies, suggest necessary components of an interdisciplinary prevention curriculum for homeless preschool children, and delineate methods for delivering the curriculum to the children. Nurses, given their unique role in the healthcare delivery system as well as a holistic world view, are in an unparalleled position to facilitate the design and implementation of such curricula. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education homelessness patient care primary prevention EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human organization and management preschool child LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 8459358 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8459358) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1034 TITLE Addicted women. Profiles from the inner city. AUTHOR NAMES Dumas L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dumas L.) College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Boston. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Dumas, College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Boston. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1992) 27:4 (901-915). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT This article has focused on addicted women and the contexts in which they present to the community nurse. An effort has been made to broaden the clinical applications to include the societal problems underlying addiction and the policy issues that must be addressed to solve them. Addicted women can be described from a societal dimension, in which the health care system reflects disarray and fiscal chaos, and from a community dimension. The two dimensions link the public and the private spheres. To evaluate addicted women and the options for their recovery more effectively, it is helpful to integrate the societal and personal milieu--public issues and the private lives that illustrate them. This is how policy is best formulated. The numbers of addicted women in the health care system reflect only the tip of the iceberg. Health care providers must strive to reach women who are outside of the health care system who have not been connected to a hospital, shelter, or home care agency. Researchers need to differentiate sample patient populations, and the patient selection bias needs to be addressed early on. A model of a community support for recovery located within a housing project was a viable option for reaching addicted women. The role of nurses is becoming increasingly unique. Nurses are skilled as caregivers and clinicians. They can open doors of opportunity for inner-city women and children by developing health-promotive programs in hospital settings for substance abusing women and by continuing to work with their colleagues in the community context. On both dimensions, nurses have front-line accessibility to women and children who are vulnerable. Often, commonality of gender strengthens the nurse/patient relationship and facilitates trust as well as empathy between female addicts and their nurse advocate counterparts. Never has the call to inner-city nurses been more compelling. The problems related to drug abuse and parenting are multidimensional. They resist easy definition and solution. Nurses have the education and the clinical expertise to provide front-line interventions for inner-city women who are addicted to drugs. Nurses are educated holistically as caregivers and teachers. Ideally, nurses can exert their strongest impact on health promotion in the neighborhoods of communities. In reality, this has not worked, and nurses remain part of a health care system that has failed inner-city poor women and their children. Nurses in hospitals and in community setting spend most of their time applying "bandages" to the psychologic and physical wounds that emerge from the addiction to drugs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) health women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult case report community care family female health care delivery human nursing review risk factor social support standard CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1448364 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1448364) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1035 TITLE Patterns of addiction in the family. AUTHOR NAMES Louie K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Louie K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Louie, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (45-86). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction family nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article child child parent relation curriculum education human methodology psychological aspect teaching violence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293558 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293558) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1036 TITLE Group modalities in the care of clients with drug and alcohol problems. AUTHOR NAMES Wolf M.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wolf M.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.S. Wolf, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (1-44). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education group therapy human methodology nursing teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293552 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293552) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1037 TITLE Nursing strategies with the client with alcohol and drug problems. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (355-402). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education human methodology nursing psychiatric nursing teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293557 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293557) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1038 TITLE The role of the nurse on the interdisciplinary treatment team. AUTHOR NAMES McGivern D.O. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McGivern D.O.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.O. McGivern, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (183-210). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) nursing education patient care psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education human methodology nursing teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293554 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293554) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1039 TITLE Nursing strategies with alcohol and drug problems in the family. AUTHOR NAMES Giuffra M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Giuffra M.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Giuffra, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (87-137). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism family human relation nursing education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human methodology psychological aspect teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293559 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293559) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1040 TITLE Research perspectives on alcohol and drug problems. AUTHOR NAMES Compton M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Compton M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Compton, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (139-181). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism clinical nursing research nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human methodology teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293553 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293553) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1041 TITLE Perspectives on drug and alcohol problems. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2464 (297-354). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human methodology nursing teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293556 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293556) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1042 TITLE Involving the target population and their providers in evaluation of substance abuse videos. AUTHOR NAMES Reiskin H. Lindenberg C.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reiskin H.; Lindenberg C.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H. Reiskin, SOURCE NursingConnections (1992) 5:4 (47-54). Date of Publication: 1992 Winter ISSN 0895-2809 ABSTRACT Substance abuse prevention and case finding are serious challenges to nurses who care for pregnant women and their infants. Audiovisual media can be useful in helping these nurses and their patients. This article discusses the insights of pregnant, low-income, minority women and their health care providers regarding selected substance abuse prevention videos. Focus group sessions were used to elicit valuable information, not only about reactions to substance abuse media but on their use in facilitating communication between patients and providers. Through this process, collaborative relationships were fostered among pregnant inner-city women, nurse clinicians, and nursing faculty, all of whom share a concern about substance abuse and an interest in working together to combat the problem. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) attitude to health patient education pregnancy complication (prevention) videorecording EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article evaluation study female human nursing pregnancy psychological aspect standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1293520 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1293520) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1043 TITLE Nutrition in women across the life span. AUTHOR NAMES Gizis F.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gizis F.C.) Department of Health Sciences, C. W. Post Campus, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.C. Gizis, Department of Health Sciences, C. W. Post Campus, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1992) 27:4 (971-982). Date of Publication: Dec 1992 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Recent recommendations on nutrition, such as the Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health, have emphasized the relationship between diet and disease. In the Surgeon General's report, Americans have been advised to limit their consumption of fat, cholesterol, sodium, and alcoholic beverages, and to increase their consumption of complex carbohydrates and fiber. Two of the recommendations in this report related to the consumption of iron and calcium are particularly important to women's health. Women are advised to increase their consumption of food high in calcium and to include foods containing iron, such as lean meats, fish, certain beans, iron-enriched cereals, and whole grain products. Iron is essential as a constituent of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and certain enzymes. Iron losses during menstruation and the increased need for iron during pregnancy place women at risk for iron deficiency. Bone mass continues to increase until the late twenties, and one method to prevent osteoporosis may be adequate calcium intake during these years of early adulthood. Food guides that list amounts and types of foods to be eaten are helpful for the individual or as an educational tool for the nurse or educator. A Daily Food Guide was recently designed to meet the nutritional needs of women throughout the life cycle, and the government has very recently released a Food Guide Pyramid. Although it is important for women to learn how to control certain dietary components, they should also be aware of the protective nature of certain nutrients, such as iron and calcium. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS ferrous ion (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nutrition women's health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult age calcium intake (drug administration) child education female health service human lactation nutritional requirement pregnancy review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS ferrous ion (15438-31-0) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1448370 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1448370) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1044 TITLE A computerized system for identifying and informing physicians about problematic drug use in nursing homes AUTHOR NAMES Beers M.H. Fingold S.F. Ouslander J.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Beers M.H.; Fingold S.F.; Ouslander J.G.) Merck and Co., Inc., P.O. Box 4, West Point, PA 19486, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.H. Beers, Merck and Co., Inc., P.O. Box 4, West Point, PA 19486, United States. SOURCE Journal of Medical Systems (1992) 16:6 (237-245). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0148-5598 BOOK PUBLISHER Springer New York LLC, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States. ABSTRACT With growing concern over the quality of medication use in nursing homes, physicians, administrators, pharmacists, and regulators are looking for effective and efficient methods to improve it. Pharmacy consultation alone appears to be ineffective in controlling the use of inappropriate drugs. We describe here a computerized drug utilization review system designed for use in nursing homes. The system evaluates the appropriateness of medication use by criteria developed through the consensus of experts in geriatrics and specifically designed to address the pharmacological needs of elderly, nursing home residents. The program not only determines the frequency of inappropriate prescriptions, but produces written, educational statements to be given to prescribing physicians. These statements can also be given to nurses to educate them about issues in geriatrics pharmacology. Additionally, the system produces medication order forms that may help focus physicians' attention on the need to evaluate drugs individually. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amitriptyline indometacin methyldopa phenylbutazone propranolol reserpine EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS analgesic agent antibiotic agent antidepressant agent antiemetic agent antihistaminic agent antihypertensive agent antithrombocytic agent barbituric acid derivative benzodiazepine derivative cimetidine cyclandelate decongestive agent digestive tract spasmolytic agent digoxin flurazepam hypnotic sedative agent iron derivative isoxsuprine meprobamate muscle relaxant agent neuroleptic agent nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent oral antidiabetic agent paracetamol thiazide diuretic agent unindexed drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) computer system drug use nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care quality prescription utilization review DRUG TRADE NAMES dalmane tagamet tylenol CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2) cyclandelate (456-59-7) digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9) flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1) indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1) isoxsuprine (395-28-8, 579-56-6) meprobamate (57-53-4) methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6) muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0) paracetamol (103-90-2) phenylbutazone (129-18-0, 50-33-9, 8054-70-4) propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6) reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1993136011 MEDLINE PMID 1304593 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1304593) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1045 TITLE Longitudinal study of psychotropic drug use by elderly nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Garrard J. Dunham T. Makris L. Cooper S. Heston L.L. Ratner E.R. Zelterman D. Kane R.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Garrard J.; Dunham T.; Makris L.; Cooper S.; Heston L.L.; Ratner E.R.; Zelterman D.; Kane R.L.) Health Services Research Institute, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Garrard, Health Services Research Institute, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. SOURCE Journals of Gerontology (1992) 47:6 (M183-M188). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0022-1422 BOOK PUBLISHER Gerontological Society of America, 1030 15th Street, NW Suite 250, Washington, United States. ABSTRACT In this longitudinal study of patterns of use of psychotropic drugs by a cohort of elderly nursing home residents (N = 5,752), drug use was examined upon admission, 3 months later, and at discharge/end of study. At each time point, 17% of the cohort used neuroleptics. Half of the subjects discontinued neuroleptics at each time point; however, a similar number were initiated on the drug. Benzodiazepines were used by 21%, 15%, and 15% at each of the three time points, respectively. Twice as many people were taken off benzodiazepines as initiated on them following admission. The 5% rate of antidepressant use was constant across the three time periods, although only half of those who took antidepressants upon admission were also taking them upon discharge/end of study. The amount of change due to discontinuation of these drugs and adjustment in dosage levels challenges the stereotype of the 'neglected psychotropic drug user' in nursing homes. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (drug therapy, pharmacology) neuroleptic agent (drug therapy, pharmacology) psychotropic agent (drug therapy, pharmacology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug use geriatric care longitudinal study nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged anxiety neurosis (drug therapy) article depression (drug therapy) disease association drug abuse hospital admission major clinical study nonhuman prevalence priority journal psychosis (drug therapy) quality of life stereotypy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992342428 MEDLINE PMID 1358936 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1358936) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1046 TITLE Pain and addiction: an urgent need for change in nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Coyle N. Adelhardt J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Coyle N.; Adelhardt J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Coyle, SOURCE Journal of pain and symptom management (1992) 7:8 (439-440). Date of Publication: Nov 1992 ISSN 0885-3924 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm nursing education oncology nursing pain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human note nursing pathophysiology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1287104 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1287104) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1047 TITLE Substance abuse among nurses at teaching hospitals. AUTHOR NAMES Von Burg L. Forman M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Von Burg L.; Forman M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Von Burg, SOURCE Nursing management (1992) 23:11 (68-70). Date of Publication: Nov 1992 ISSN 0744-6314 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nursing staff teaching hospital EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human malpractice management manpower questionnaire statistics United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1448223 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1448223) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1048 TITLE Identifying substance use: an assessment tool for the school nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Cromwell P. LeMoine A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cromwell P.; LeMoine A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Cromwell, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1992) 8:3 (6-10, 12, 14-15). Date of Publication: Oct 1992 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT A nursing assessment tool was developed to identify students who may be using drugs or alcohol. The three-part tool enables the school nurse to identify those students who require immediate medical care, as well as those who are impaired by substance use but medically stable. The use of the tool and implications for school nurses are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nursing assessment school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human methodology nursing prevalence LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1472829 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1472829) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1049 TITLE Nurses respond to substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Sheehan A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sheehan A.) Shropshire College of Nursing and Midwifery, UK. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Sheehan, Shropshire College of Nursing and Midwifery, UK. SOURCE International nursing review (1992) 39:5 (141-144). Date of Publication: 1992 Sep-Oct ISSN 0020-8132 ABSTRACT Because of their close contact with the community, nurses are vital in caring for substance abusers and in preventing addiction. And their roles in community and national programmes in this area are increasing. Below, an overview of the problems associated with substance abuse and how nurses are needed to provide effective care, prevention and education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health promotion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article community health nursing human international cooperation nursing nursing education United Kingdom world health organization LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1428657 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1428657) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1050 TITLE Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Northern Ireland. AUTHOR NAMES Melby V. Boore J.R. Murray M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Melby V.; Boore J.R.; Murray M.) Department of Nursing and Health Visiting, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. Melby, Department of Nursing and Health Visiting, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland. SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1992) 17:9 (1068-1077). Date of Publication: Sep 1992 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT The number of people suffering from conditions associated with HIV infection is growing steadily. These people require care from nurses who should be well trained to undertake all the various aspects of nursing care. Surveys have indicated that health professionals associate AIDS with minority groups such as homosexuals, drug-abusers and prostitutes. Incidents of sub-optimal nursing care of AIDS patients, or suspected AIDS patients belonging to these minority groups, have been well documented. Surveys have revealed much ignorance and confusion among the general public as well as among health professionals with regard to this controversial syndrome. This study aimed to measure nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards homosexuals, drug-abusers and prostitutes, who through their lifestyle are at increased risk for HIV infection. Questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of 800 nurses in Northern Ireland. The sample was stratified by several demographic variables. A response rate of almost 60% was achieved. Nurses appeared to have a moderate knowledge of issues related to HIV infection, but there were large gaps in their knowledge of the terminology used in HIV infection. Nurses were not extremely worried about AIDS itself. However, homosexuals, prostitutes and drug-abusers were seen to be at least partly responsible for their own illness. Implications for nursing care and for nurse education are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (epidemiology) health personnel attitude nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article disease transmission education Empirical Approach female homosexuality human human relation lifestyle male nursing nursing evaluation research prostitution psychological aspect risk factor standard substance abuse (complication) United Kingdom (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1401548 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1401548) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1051 TITLE Perceived risk of infection and attitudes toward risk groups: determinants of nurses' behavioral intentions regarding AIDS patients. AUTHOR NAMES Jemmott 3rd. J.B. Freleicher J. Jemmott L.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jemmott 3rd. J.B.; Freleicher J.; Jemmott L.S.) Department of Psychology, Princeton University, NJ 08544-1010. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.B. Jemmott, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, NJ 08544-1010. SOURCE Research in nursing & health (1992) 15:4 (295-301). Date of Publication: Aug 1992 ISSN 0160-6891 ABSTRACT The relationship of perceived occupational risk of AIDS and attitudes toward AIDS risk groups to behavioral intentions regarding the care of AIDS patients was examined among nurses (N = 496) residing in a selected area of New Jersey, a state with a relatively high number of reported AIDS cases. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses on anonymous mail survey responses revealed that, controlling for AIDS knowledge and years of education, nurses who perceived that caring for AIDS patients increased their risk of HIV infection scored higher on an index of intentions to avoid AIDS patient care. In addition, nurses who expressed more negative attitudes toward intravenous drug users or homosexuals were more likely to report similar intentions to avoid AIDS patient care. The implications of these findings for efforts to increase nurses' ability and willingness to provide quality care to persons with AIDS are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (etiology) attitude to health nursing staff occupational exposure EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article disease transmission education female homosexuality human male nursing nursing evaluation research psychological aspect questionnaire risk factor substance abuse (complication) United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1496153 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1496153) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1052 TITLE Nursing faculty attitudes about substance abuse AUTHOR NAMES Ducote D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ducote D.) School of Nursing, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sci. Center, Lubbock, TX, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Ducote, School of Nursing, Texas Tech Univ. Health Sci. Center, Lubbock, TX, United States. SOURCE Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly (1992) 9:1 (85-91). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0734-7324 ABSTRACT The Substance Abuse Attitude Survey was used in this study to examine nursing faculty attitudes about substance abuse. Nursing faculty compared favorably with professional counselors used as a criterion group. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse attitude substance abuse teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human human experiment nursing patient care rating scale EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992219424 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1053 TITLE Depression in nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Abrams R.C. Teresi J.A. Butin D.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Abrams R.C.; Teresi J.A.; Butin D.N.) New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.C. Abrams, New York Hospital, Cornell Medical Center, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, United States. SOURCE Clinics in Geriatric Medicine (1992) 8:2 (309-322). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0749-0690 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Although their extent remains unclear, major and minor depressions are widespread in the nursing home population. This statement appears intuitively to be correct when consideration is given to the inactivity, decline in functional competence, loss of personal autonomy, and unavoidable confrontation with the process of death and dying that are associated with nursing home placement. In addition, some nursing home residents have had previous episodes of depression or are admitted to the facility already dysthymic or with other chronic forms of the illness. Such circumstances provide a favorable culture for the development and persistence of depressive illness. When the high frequency of other psychiatric disorders among nursing home residents is factored in, it is not surprising that long-term health care facilities have come to be regarded as de facto psychiatric hospitals. Nursing homes largely lack the treatment resources of psychiatric hospitals, however. Nursing home physicians are often unprepared to make psychiatric diagnoses, and a perfunctory annual psychiatric evaluation is insufficient to manage the complex depression syndromes of nursing home residents. Because nursing home psychiatrists typically work on a consultation basis, recommendations are not necessarily acted upon by the primary physicians. The consequences of undiagnosed and untreated depression are substantial. From the psychiatric perspective, the possibility that depression increases the risk for eventual development of permanent dementia highlights the importance of early identification for cases of reversible dementia. From the rehabilitation point of view, persistent depression among individuals with physical dependency following a catastrophic illness is associated with failure to improve in physical functioning. Depression can probably be linked to increased medical morbidity in nursing home residents, a relationship that also has been suggested for elderly medical inpatients. If so, the use of nursing time and other health-care facility services would be greater for depressed than nondepressed residents, and financial costs would be higher as well. Finally, recent data point to increased mortality in nursing home residents with major depressive disorder. It is apparent that depression in long-term care facilities is a condition with doubtful prognosis and negative medical, social, and financial consequences. The highest costs of all may be paid by nursing home residents who experience the unrelieved suffering of depressive illness. Only epidemiologic research using standard diagnostic criteria and direct resident assessment will adequately establish the magnitude of the need for intervention among depressed residents in long-term care. Following that, uniformly collected longitudinal data on the prevalence, comorbidities, course, and outcome of depression in nursing homes can begin to answer some of the clinical questions that have recently been posed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antidepressant agent (drug dose, drug therapy) EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy) monoamine oxidase inhibitor (drug therapy) neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction) tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) depression (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, side effect, therapy) nursing home EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged cerebrovascular accident (diagnosis) dementia (diagnosis) drug dependence (etiology) hip fracture (diagnosis) hospitalization human patient selection prevalence psychotherapy review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992207487 MEDLINE PMID 1600481 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1600481) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1054 TITLE Impaired student nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Landrum B.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Landrum B.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B.J. Landrum, SOURCE The Pulse of the Montana State Nurses' Association (1992) 28:4 (8). Date of Publication: 1992 Jul-Aug ISSN 0033-4189 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) alcoholism (rehabilitation) malpractice nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling human nursing education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1509026 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1509026) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1055 TITLE Dangerous kicks. AUTHOR NAMES Sadler C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sadler C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Sadler, SOURCE Nursing times (1992) 88:21 (18-19). Date of Publication: 1992 May 20-26 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) child psychology health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human nursing psychological aspect risk LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1608751 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1608751) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1056 TITLE Module II.3. Addictions: nursing diagnosis and treatment. AUTHOR NAMES D'Arcangelo J.S. Adamski T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (D'Arcangelo J.S.; Adamski T.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.S. D'Arcangelo, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (221-346). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) curriculum nursing diagnosis nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614842 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614842) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1057 TITLE Module II.6. Drug misuse and dependence in the elderly. AUTHOR NAMES Mathwig G. D'Arcangelo J.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mathwig G.; D'Arcangelo J.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Mathwig, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (463-530). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum geriatric nursing nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged article education human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614845 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614845) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1058 TITLE Substance abuse: the nurse's role in prevention education and caring. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE The Nursing journal of India (1992) 83:5 (130-134). Date of Publication: May 1992 ISSN 0029-6503 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acquired immune deficiency syndrome (prevention) alcoholism (rehabilitation) article disease transmission human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1298914 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1298914) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1059 TITLE Chemical dependency: in the curriculum. AUTHOR NAMES Carr K. Jones S. Williams D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Carr K.; Jones S.; Williams D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Carr, SOURCE Kentucky nurse (1992) 40:3 (9-10). Date of Publication: 1992 May-Jun ISSN 0742-8367 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nurse nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1625466 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1625466) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1060 TITLE Module II.1. Fetal effects of maternal alcohol and drug use. AUTHOR NAMES Gigliotti E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gigliotti E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Gigliotti, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (1-116). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum fetus nursing education pregnancy complication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article drug effect female human nursing pregnancy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614840 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614840) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1061 TITLE Module II.2. Impaired practice by health professionals. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (117-219). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum malpractice nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614841 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614841) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1062 TITLE Module II.4. Nursing care in acute intoxication. AUTHOR NAMES Compton M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Compton M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Compton, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (347-408). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum intoxication nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acute disease article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614843 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614843) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1063 TITLE Module II.5. Nursing care in withdrawal. AUTHOR NAMES Compton M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Compton M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Compton, SOURCE NLN publications (1992) :15-2463 (409-462). Date of Publication: May 1992 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum nursing education withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1614844 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1614844) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1064 TITLE Pain and addiction: An urgent need for change in nursing education AUTHOR NAMES Ferrell B.R. McCaffery M. Rhiner M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ferrell B.R.; McCaffery M.; Rhiner M.) SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (1992) 7:2 (117-124). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Lack of education of health care professionals, including nurses, is frequently cited as a major reason for undertreatment of patients with pain. A reason for undertreatment of pain with opioid analgesics is the irrational fear of creating opioid addiction. To characterize the information nurses receive in their basic education that could contribute to misinformation about this issue, the authors reviewed 14 nursing textbooks, published since 1985, including 8 pharmacology texts and 6 medical surgical texts. An analysis of content revealed that only one textbook correctly stated the definition of opioid addiction and its likelihood following use of opioid analgesics for pain control. Almost all of the texts used confusing terminology, and some erroneously promoted the fear of addiction when opioids are used for pain relief. A simple solution to this problem is to encourage nursing educators to use the American Pain Society publication 'Guidelines for Analgesic Use' until textbooks have the opportunity to incorporate correct information. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate (drug toxicity) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse vocational education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Literature Index (37) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992125354 MEDLINE PMID 1573285 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1573285) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(92)90123-Y COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1065 TITLE Primary prevention of alcohol and other drug use. AUTHOR NAMES Jack L.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jack L.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.W. Jack, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1992) 8:2 (25-33). Date of Publication: Apr 1992 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT School nurses are uniquely positioned to identify and, thus, intervene in alcohol and other drug (AOD) use by students. There is sure to be resistance to the intervention, and it will come from the student, his or her parents, and--possibly--even from a nurse not thoroughly conversant with the biopsychosocial model of AOD use, and thus unwilling to tackle a very difficult problem. This article deals with application of the biopsychosocial model, and suggests methods of screening for students' AOD use. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) primary prevention school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child human mass screening methodology nursing nursing education risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1568075 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1568075) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1066 TITLE Alcohol education as primary prevention in health care AUTHOR NAMES Long P. Gelfand G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Long P.; Gelfand G.) Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 SOURCE Journal of Studies on Alcohol (1992) 53:2 (101-105). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0096-882X BOOK PUBLISHER Alcohol Research Documentation Inc., New Brunswick, United States. ABSTRACT The purpose of this survey research was to identify practicing nurses' knowledge about the biophysiological and psychosocial components of alcohol and its pharmacological effects. Additionally, data were gathered with the intent of assisting nurses in the early identification of and intervention with individuals at risk for the disease of alcoholism. The study consisted of a convenience sample of 298 practicing nurses employed by community hospitals that had been identified as having no specific treatment program for chemical dependency. The investigation obtained self-reported information by means of a questionnaire. The instrument elicited both demographics and the answers to 25 fixed alternative questions designed to obtain information in nine topic areas. Findings indicated that 66% of the nurses incorrectly answered questions aimed at correlating population statistics to the disease of alcoholism and its physiological effects. Questions about knowledge of the pharmacological properties of alcohol were answered incorrectly by 93% of the participants. One-way analysis of variance was computed to compare the total score for each of the variables listed. Conclusions document a critical need for increased alcohol education in basic nursing programs. Content related to the pharmacological properties, the disease concept and the biophysiological and psychosocial effects of alcohol should be included in curriculum design. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol consumption alcoholism EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article education program female health care policy human male nurse prevention United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992095848 MEDLINE PMID 1560662 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1560662) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1067 TITLE A survey examining nurses' knowledge of pain control AUTHOR NAMES Hamilton J. Edgar L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hamilton J.; Edgar L.) 3206 Pennington Street, Halifax, NS B3L 4A9 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS 3206 Pennington Street, Halifax, NS B3L 4A9 SOURCE Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (1992) 7:1 (18-26). Date of Publication: 1992 ISSN 0885-3924 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT Three hundred and eighteen (318) nursing staff members at an acute care teaching hospital in Montreal, Canada, were surveyed to identify their knowledge of pain assessment and management. Two pain instruments were combined and adapted for use. The final instrument consisted primarily of true/false responses and took about 10 min to complete. The mean score was 63.9%. Overall results indicated that nurses lacked knowledge and understanding of opioid addiction, equivalent dosing, properties of opioids, and differences in acute and chronic pain. No statistically significant differences were found in the scores by level of educational preparation or by years of experience. Presentation of the results unit by unit demonstrated that the instrument is suitable as an educational tool as well as an effective strategy to introduce nursing staff to nursing research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) analgesia education nurse questionnaire EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992080574 MEDLINE PMID 1538176 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538176) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(92)90103-O COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1068 TITLE Opioid analgesics: nurses' knowledge of doses and psychological dependence. AUTHOR NAMES McCaffery M. Ferrell B.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McCaffery M.; Ferrell B.R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. McCaffery, SOURCE Journal of nursing staff development : JNSD (1992) 8:2 (77-84). Date of Publication: 1992 Mar-Apr ISSN 0882-0627 ABSTRACT Lack of education of health professionals, including nurses, is frequently cited as a major reason for undertreatment of pain. Very recent surveys have revealed an urgent need for basic and continuing nursing education to address this problem. For example, little time is spent on the topic of pain in many baccalaureate nursing programs, nursing textbooks lack correct information about opioid addiction, and most practicing nurses currently do not possess knowledge about opioid analgesics that would enable them to administer opioids effectively. The authors report on a survey of 1,781 practicing nurses' specific knowledge deficits regarding opioid analgesics and propose some solutions. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) narcotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (etiology) educational status nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article human middle aged standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1432189 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1432189) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1069 TITLE Implementing career development in a drug prevention program. AUTHOR NAMES Louie K.B. Nkongho N. Wille R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Louie K.B.; Nkongho N.; Wille R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.B. Louie, SOURCE The Journal of the New York State Nurses' Association (1992) 23:1 (16-18). Date of Publication: Mar 1992 ISSN 0028-7644 ABSTRACT This article describes an innovative school and community based drug prevention program aimed at high risk urban youths. It is the result of the collaborative efforts of the nursing faculty of Lehman College-CUNY and the assistant district attorneys of the Office of the District Attorney of Bronx County. In the program, children learn first hand about career opportunities in nursing and law, and gain incentives to remain drug free. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education maternal care psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child curriculum human jurisprudence nursing education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1593288 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1593288) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1070 TITLE Impaired nursing: the role of the nurse manager. AUTHOR NAMES Virden J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Virden J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Virden, SOURCE Pediatric nursing (1992) 18:2 (137-138). Date of Publication: 1992 Mar-Apr ISSN 0097-9805 ABSTRACT Impaired nursing practice is a professional and personal problem. As a result of increasing substance abuse and in response to changing theories and attitudes, nurse managers must be better educated on this topic. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis, prevention, rehabilitation) malpractice nursing nursing staff role playing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1574367 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1574367) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1071 TITLE Smokeless tobacco: the health consequences of snuff and chewing tobacco. AUTHOR NAMES Goolsby M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goolsby M.J.) University of Florida School of Nursing, Tallahassee. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.J. Goolsby, University of Florida School of Nursing, Tallahassee. SOURCE The Nurse practitioner (1992) 17:1 (24, 28, 31, passim). Date of Publication: Jan 1992 ISSN 0361-1817 ABSTRACT The use of smokeless forms of tobacco, such as snuff and chewing tobacco, is growing at alarming rates. The largest group of smokeless-tobacco users includes adolescent and young adult males. The health consequences related to smokeless-tobacco use include cancer of the oral mucosa and other sites, the potential for accelerated cardiovascular disease, and stress to the unborn infants of female users. This article provides background information about the problem and offers suggestions for interventions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nurse practitioner plant smokeless tobacco (adverse drug reaction) tobacco dependence (complication, epidemiology) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult classification female human male methodology nursing prevalence review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1538836 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1538836) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1072 TITLE Faculty development and curriculum change in substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Gerace L.M. Sullivan E. Murphy S.A. Cotter F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gerace L.M.; Sullivan E.; Murphy S.A.; Cotter F.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Gerace, SOURCE Nurse educator (1992) 17:1 (25-27). Date of Publication: 1992 Jan-Feb ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT What approaches can be used to upgrade nursing education and clinical skills in alcohol and drug abuse? The authors discuss the development of faculty and curricula in three schools of nursing. The programs described are part of a national initiative to ensure that health care professionals have basic knowledge and clinical skills in screening, assessment, intervention, and the appropriate use of referral systems for clients with substance abuse problems. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health care quality human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1732863 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1732863) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1073 TITLE Intervention: a strategy to help chemically dependent students. AUTHOR NAMES Sisney K.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sisney K.F.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.F. Sisney, SOURCE Nurse educator (1992) 17:1 (28-29). Date of Publication: 1992 Jan-Feb ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Chemical dependence in nursing students is not a pleasant reality to face. However, facing rather than denying this disease in our students may help to save a valuable professional resource. The author describes how one nurse educator used the chemical dependence tool of intervention as a strategy to help a student eventually enter the nursing profession. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) nursing student peer group EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (rehabilitation) article case report female human psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1732865 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1732865) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1074 TITLE Alcohol and other drug abuse. Current perspectives for occupational health nurses AUTHOR NAMES Hagemaster J.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hagemaster J.N.) Community Health Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Community Health Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS SOURCE AAOHN Journal (1991) 39:10 (456-460). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0891-0162 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT 1. Trends in alcohol, drug, and tobacco use indicate that the upward surge of the 1960s and 1970s has subsided, but the amount of drug use in this country is still higher than in any other industrial nation. Risk factors associated with age, gender, culture, and family point to a significant increase in the number of individuals in the work force with a substance abuse problem. 2. The etiology of alcohol and other drug addictions is a subject of controversy. One position adheres to biological determinants of disease, another adheres to psychological disorders. 3. Implications for nurses involve effective teaching/learning strategies that range from didactic content emphasizing long term consequences of the disease to specific methods of employee instruction. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) drug abuse employee occupational health nursing United States work environment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS epidemiology health education psychosocial environment review smoking EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1991329455 MEDLINE PMID 1930378 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1930378) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1075 TITLE Strategies for promotion of avoiding harmful substances. AUTHOR NAMES Eells M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eells M.A.) University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Eells, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1991) 26:4 (915-927). Date of Publication: Dec 1991 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Obviously, avoiding harmful substances and addictions to them and intervening later once the addiction is established are complex tasks. All the aspects of primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions can be used in a given family with addiction, for there may be late-stage, chronic addiction, early addiction that can be interrupted, and youngsters who are prone to addiction. Family patterns accompanying addiction may be intense and well established, more moderate, or in a formative stage. Often addicted persons, no matter what the addiction, may never enter treatment and certainly not often of their own accord. In the select group of faithful AA members, for example, it is said that only 1 of 37 people who ever attend is successful in the program and, of course, many never enter the door. What is our responsibility to the persons who are using harmful substances and their family members? It lies in better case finding, enhanced by a greater awareness of patterns of addiction; in family intervention first, no matter what the stage of addiction or its type; and treatment for the person addicted when that is possible. This is a natural role for nurses, one for which they should take professional and, if need be, personal responsibility. Strengthening families by changing dysfunctional patterns is the ultimate strategy for avoiding the use and abuse for harmful substances. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) alcoholism (therapy) health promotion smoking cessation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholics anonymous animal family genetics human methodology nursing process review social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1945945 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1945945) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1076 TITLE Assessment of the adult client for drug and alcohol use. AUTHOR NAMES Lisanti P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lisanti P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Lisanti, SOURCE NLN publications (1991) :15-2407 (151-247). Date of Publication: Dec 1991 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (diagnosis) alcoholism (diagnosis) nursing assessment nursing education teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article curriculum human methodology nurse patient relationship nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1796001 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1796001) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1077 TITLE Women at risk: an AIDS educational needs assessment. AUTHOR NAMES Williams A.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Williams A.B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.B. Williams, SOURCE Image--the journal of nursing scholarship (1991) 23:4 (208-213). Date of Publication: 1991 Winter ISSN 0743-5150 ABSTRACT In order to acquire the information nurses need to develop education and support programs for women at risk for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a qualitative needs assessment of women at risk was conducted. Interviews were conducted with 21 women who were at risk for AIDS through their own injection drug use or as the heterosexual partners of injection drug users. Results were analyzed using the variables of the Health Belief Model, including the concept of self-efficacy. The perception of AIDS as a serious and a personal health threat motivated these women to practice both "safe sex" and "safe drug use." However, they did not always believe that recommended health behaviors would be effective; and they noted significant costs associated with these behaviors. In addition, the impact of AIDS was seen to be a heightening of the isolation and mistrust which were characteristic of the injection drug using community before the epidemic. AIDS programs for women at risk should facilitate discussion of social and community issues and should emphasize hope rather than fear. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article attitude to health condom disease transmission drug abuse (adverse drug reaction) female human interview psychological aspect risk factor sexual behavior sexuality substance abuse LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1937517 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1937517) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1078 TITLE Assessment of a health-promotive lifestyle. AUTHOR NAMES Tanner E.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tanner E.K.) University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.K. Tanner, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1991) 26:4 (845-854). Date of Publication: Dec 1991 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Health promotion is an imperative goal for our nation. One needs only to look at the major causes of morbidity and mortality to know that lifestyle factors are major contributors. Nurses are in a unique position that allows them to assist people in examining their lifestyle behaviors. The nursing role in health promotion centers around assessment of behaviors that promote, protect, and maintain health status. A health-promotion assessment should include the following components: nutrition, exercise and fitness, stress management, family planning, sexual history, tobacco use, alcohol and chemical substance abuse, exposure to environmental hazards and injury, as well as the psychological, spiritual, and social resources that enhance a person's ability to engage in behaviors that promote health. Information gained from assessment can guide the nurse and client in making personal decisions for changing behavior and using inner resources to enhance the existing level of health and well-being. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion lifestyle nursing assessment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS health behavior human methodology review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1945939 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1945939) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1079 TITLE Chemical impairment in colleagues: perceptions of Western New York nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Hyman Z. Haughey B.P. Dittmar S.S. Cookman C.L. McKaig C. Crosby F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hyman Z.; Haughey B.P.; Dittmar S.S.; Cookman C.L.; McKaig C.; Crosby F.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Z. Hyman, SOURCE The Journal of the New York State Nurses' Association (1991) 22:4 (6-10). Date of Publication: Dec 1991 ISSN 0028-7644 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine nurses' perceptions about substance abuse in professional colleagues, opinions about strategies for dealing with substance abuse, and knowledge about resources available for dealing with the problem of chemical impairment. Subjects included a convenience sample of 161 nurses from Western New York. Data were gathered by a questionnaire that included "The Perceptions of Nursing Impairment Inventory" and items regarding respondents' background characteristics, suspicions about alcohol and drug abuse in nurse colleagues, and knowledge about and use of peer assistance services available through District I of the New York State Nurses Association. The major outcome of the study was identification of a knowledge deficit on the extent of the substance abuse problem in nursing, ability to recognize an impaired colleague, and awareness of services available. These data substantiate the need for implementing educational programs to increase nurses' basic knowledge of, and sensitivity to, the problem of chemical dependency. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction malpractice nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing organization public relations questionnaire social behavior social support United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1761996 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1761996) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1080 TITLE The 1990s and beyond: Determining the need for community health and primary care nurses for rural populations AUTHOR NAMES Hanson C.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hanson C.M.) Graduate Program in Nursing, Georgia Southern University, Landrum Box 8158, Statesboro, GA 30460-8158 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Graduate Program in Nursing, Georgia Southern University, Landrum Box 8158, Statesboro, GA 30460-8158 SOURCE Journal of Rural Health (1991) 7:4 SUPPL. (413-426). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0890-765X BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Increased numbers of primary care and advanced practice nurses with unique generalist skills will be required to meet the accelerating physiologic and sociocultural health care needs of rural populations. Several factors have been identified that will influence the demands and position of community- based nurses in rural practice settings during the next decade. A back-to- basics type of health care offered out of a growing elderly population; technological breakthroughs that make it possible for more chronically ill patients to live at home; serious substance abuse and other adolescent problems; AIDS; and high infant morbidity and mortality statistics are only some of the concerns that will demand nursing intervention. These changes speak to the need for improved nursing coordination, stronger collegial relationships, and better communication between physicians and nurses. Health care is moving in new directions to offer more efficient and technologically sophisticated care. These changes enhance the need for clinically expert educators who teach and jointly practice in programs with a rural focus. Telecommunications, and heightened computer literacy, will play a major role both in nursing education and clinical practice. The goals of kindergarten through 12th grade health promotion and disease prevention strategies in school health will be the norm and will require better prepared, and positions for, school nurses. More midwives and public health nurses will be needed to care for the growing population of sexually active adolescents who are in need of family planning and prenatal care. Underinsured and indigent populations will continue to fall within the purview of midlevel practitioners, as will providing anesthesia services in small rural hospitals. The transition of some rural hospitals into expanded primary care units (e.g., EACHs and RPCHs), and new models of case management will greatly influence nursing demands. This paper will further identify critical areas of advanced practice nursing within community settings, including new relationships with other health care providers, and will introduce strategies upon which rural health policy recommendations for the 1990s can be addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health care need manpower nursing education primary health care public health rural health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article elderly care homelessness human maternal care mental health service normal human pediatrics school health service technology telecommunication EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992084413 MEDLINE PMID 10116032 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10116032) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1081 TITLE The 1990s and beyond: Determining the need for community health and primary care nurses for rural populations AUTHOR NAMES Hanson C.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hanson C.M.) Graduate Program in Nursing, Georgia Southern University, Landrum Box 8158, Statesboro, GA 30460-8158, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.M. Hanson, Graduate Program in Nursing, Georgia Southern University, Landrum Box 8158, Statesboro, GA 30460-8158, United States. SOURCE Journal of Rural Health (1991) 7:4 (413-426). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0890-765X ABSTRACT Increased numbers of primary care and advanced practice nurses with unique generalist skills will be required to meet the accelerating physiologic and sociocultural health care needs of rural populations. Several factors have been identified that will influence the demands and position of community- based nurses in rural practice settings during the next decade. A back-to- basics type of health care offered out of a growing elderly population; technological breakthroughs that make it possible for more chronically ill patients to live at home; serious substance abuse and other adolescent problems; AIDS; and high infant morbidity and mortality statistics are only some of the concerns that will demand nursing intervention. These changes speak to the need for improved nursing coordination, stronger collegial relationships, and better communication between physicians and nurses. Health care is moving in new directions to offer more efficient and technologically sophisticated care. These changes enhance the need for clinically expert educators who teach and jointly practice in programs with a rural focus. Telecommunications, and heightened computer literacy, will play a major role both in nursing education and clinical practice. The goals of kindergarten through 12th grade health promotion and disease prevention strategies in school health will be the norm and will require better prepared, and positions for, school nurses. More midwives and public health nurses will be needed to care for the growing population of sexually active adolescents who are in need of family planning and prenatal care. Underinsured and indigent populations will continue to fall within the purview of midlevel practitioners, as will providing anesthesia services in small rural hospitals. The transition of some rural hospitals into expanded primary care units (e.g., EACHs and RPCHs), and new models of case management will greatly influence nursing demands. This paper will further identify critical areas of advanced practice nursing within community settings, including new relationships with other health care providers, and will introduce strategies upon which rural health policy recommendations for the 1990s can be addressed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community care health care delivery nurse primary medical care rural area EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS futurology human review United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1992204229 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1082 TITLE Morphine: Myths, morality and economics AUTHOR NAMES Doyle D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Doyle D.) St Columba's Hospice, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Doyle, St Columba's Hospice, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. SOURCE Postgraduate Medical Journal (1991) 67:SUPPL. 2 (S70+S71+S72+S73+). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0032-5473 BOOK PUBLISHER BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT It is a tragedy that morphine is scarcely available for between 1.3 and 2.5 billion people whilst 3.5 million cancer patients suffer needlessly. In only 10 countries is its consumption rising, in many more only codeine consumption shows an increase, and in many areas even in the Western world prescribing is grossly limited, fears of psychological addiction persist, professional education of doctors and nurses in analgesia remains minimal and too much importance is attached to expensive sophisticated methods of administration. Doctors have a professional and a moral responsibility to press for improved morphine availability in the most useful and economical forms worldwide. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug administration EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (side effect) analgesia cancer pain (drug therapy) chronic pain (drug therapy) conference paper constipation (side effect) cost effectiveness analysis drug tolerance geographic distribution human morality nausea (side effect) oral drug administration pain (drug therapy) priority journal respiration depression (side effect) responsibility sedation subcutaneous drug administration sweating vocational education CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Cancer (16) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Literature Index (37) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1991271666 MEDLINE PMID 1758820 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1758820) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1083 TITLE Impaired nursing students: an intervention program. AUTHOR NAMES Greenhill E.D. Skinner K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Greenhill E.D.; Skinner K.) University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, Memphis 38163. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.D. Greenhill, University of Tennessee, College of Nursing, Memphis 38163. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1991) 30:8 (379-381). Date of Publication: Oct 1991 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) health service malpractice nursing student preventive health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article confidentiality human nursing education organization organization and management psychological aspect statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1658275 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1658275) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1084 TITLE Responses of schools of nursing to physically, mentally, and substance-impaired students. AUTHOR NAMES Swenson I. Foster B.H. Champagne M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swenson I.; Foster B.H.; Champagne M.) School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS I. Swenson, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1991) 30:7 (320-325). Date of Publication: Sep 1991 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Responses of schools of nursing to physically, mentally, and substance-impaired applicants and matriculating students were assessed in a 12% simple random sample (n = 132) of the 383 baccalaureate and 715 associate degree nursing schools and programs accredited by the National League for Nursing. A self-administered questionnaire concerning experiences, policies, procedures, and factors influencing decision-making was sent to the 132 deans and directors of the nursing schools and programs. Criteria for defining impairments, resources for developing criteria, methods of identifying impairments, actions taken, and individuals involved in the decision were also assessed. While the schools used external resources to guide decision-making, the majority of the responsibility was with the school of nursing faculty and administration. Schools offered a range of options for impaired individuals continuing in the program while under treatment; nevertheless, seeking treatment was a frequent requirement for continuation in the program. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction disabled person education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing student statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1658261 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1658261) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1085 TITLE Healing the wounded, neglected inner child of the past. AUTHOR NAMES Kneisl C.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kneisl C.R.) Nursing Transitions, Inc., Williamsville, New York. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C.R. Kneisl, Nursing Transitions, Inc., Williamsville, New York. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1991) 26:3 (745-755). Date of Publication: Sep 1991 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Childhood experiences of the past can have a destructive effect on the present. The inner child in each person is the core of the personality that has been molded by the directions on how to act to be loved that the person receives in childhood. Painful experiences and lack of nurturing in dysfunctional families wound the inner child and contaminate adult experiences. Many persons with eating disorders have a wounded or neglected inner child that affects their adult lives. Characteristically, they demonstrate problems with trust, intimacy, addictive and compulsive behaviors, and codependence among others. Healing the inner child by grieving neglected childhood developmental needs is a long process, but one that improves the quality of one's life. Nurses, depending on their educational background and clinical skills, can help clients move toward understanding and healing the wounded, neglected inner child of the past. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child abuse child psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article child eating disorder (etiology, therapy) family human human relation psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1891407 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1891407) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1086 TITLE Health care crisis in the black community: challenges prospects, and the black nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Powell D.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Powell D.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.L. Powell, SOURCE Journal of National Black Nurses' Association : JNBNA (1991) 5:1 (3-10). Date of Publication: 1991 Fall-Winter ISSN 0885-6028 ABSTRACT The Black community, particularly in major urban settings, is faced with escalating social, economic, and life-style problems, which threaten the life and well-being of current and future generations of Black people in crisis proportion. The rising number of deaths due to heart disease and stroke, homicide and accidents related to substance abuse, AIDS, cancer, and infant mortality are among the leading culprits. They interfere with prospects of longevity, joblessness, poverty, and homelessness and further complicate the crisis. These problems have implications for the practice of nursing. The magnitude of the problems dictate the need for modifications in the health care delivery system and how future practitioners of nursing are educated. The inextricable role of the community, although often underaddressed, in solving its own problems is among the promising strategies for resolving the crisis. Black nurses, in particular, must accept the challenge and the opportunity to test innovative and sensitive interventive strategies which will enable the Black community to emerge from the complex and haunting problems which threaten well-being. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) African American health care delivery health status nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1885955 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1885955) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1087 TITLE Blood pressure patterns in the first three days of life. AUTHOR NAMES Hulman S. Edwards R. Chen Y.Q. Polansky M. Falkner B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hulman S.; Edwards R.; Chen Y.Q.; Polansky M.; Falkner B.) Medical College of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia 19129. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Hulman, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia 19129. SOURCE Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association (1991) 11:3 (231-234). Date of Publication: Sep 1991 ISSN 0743-8346 ABSTRACT Current blood pressure data for healthy newborn infants consist primarily of single measurements of systolic and diastolic pressure in the first 48 hours of life. The purpose of this study was to determine if blood pressure levels are stable or are changing during the first few days of life. To determine blood pressure level and trend, indirect blood pressure was measured on day 1 through day 3 of life in all infants admitted to the well newborn nursery at Hahnemann University Hospital in Philadelphia. Systolic pressure correlated significantly with birthweight on day 1 of life (P less than .03). Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated a significant increase in both systolic and diastolic pressures over the first 72 hours of life (P less than .001). There was no difference in blood pressure among racial groups (black, Hispanic, white, Asian). In healthy newborns, there was no correlation of blood pressure with maternal conditions: toxemia, diabetes, substance abuse. These data demonstrate that blood pressure correlates with birthweight in well newborns. There is, however, a significant progressive increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure over the first 3 days of life, regardless of birthweight or maternal conditions. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) blood pressure newborn EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of variance article birth weight comparative study diastole gestational age human physiology systole time LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1919820 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1919820) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1088 TITLE AIDS-related behavioral research and nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Skinner A. Walls L. Brown Jr. L.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Skinner A.; Walls L.; Brown Jr. L.S.) Division of Medical Services, Evaluation and Research, Addiction Research and Medical Affairs, Brooklyn, New York. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Skinner, Division of Medical Services, Evaluation and Research, Addiction Research and Medical Affairs, Brooklyn, New York. SOURCE Journal of the National Medical Association (1991) 83:7 (585-589). Date of Publication: Jul 1991 ISSN 0027-9684 ABSTRACT As efforts targeted at producing an effective vaccine or a definitive cure are still in early stages of development, health education and prevention continue to be this country's major line of defense against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This defense is dependent on knowledge of behaviors that place individuals at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure and disease progression. This article reviews the critical points in our state of knowledge and offers additional areas of need. Research is needed to determine a database of persons who use psychoactive substances and to understand the HIV-associated behaviors linked to drug use. Epidemiologic studies are necessary to appreciate the sexual, contraceptive, and childbearing practices of users of any psychoactive substance. Greater emphasis also is needed to investigate the inherent effects of various psychoactive substances on the immune, neurologic, and endocrine systems. While biomedical research continues, it is apparent that research from behavioral studies are crucial to education and prevention efforts. Nurse investigators are well-positioned to play an important role in accumulating this information. Given the critical role of drug abuse in the HIV epidemic, the public health significance cannot be overestimated. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome sexual behavior substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS disease transmission human nursing research review risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1920515 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1920515) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1089 TITLE Employee health nurse counselor roles in the hospital setting AUTHOR NAMES Culver J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Culver J.) Employee Health Services, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Employee Health Services, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA SOURCE AAOHN Journal (1991) 39:4 (199-204). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0891-0162 BOOK PUBLISHER Slack Incorporated, 6900 Grove Road, Thorofare, United States. ABSTRACT While hospitals, over the past several decades, have provided options for health care to their employees, these services, with few exceptions, usually have followed a medical model. Health promotion activities have often been relegated to other departments. Consistent recognition that hospital employee health is indeed occupational health still needs to be reinforced by practitioners. Credibility within the institution and the profession will be enhanced as evolving standards of practice, professional networking, and pressure from accreditation bodies and federal agencies stress quality assurance standards. It is an exciting time to be involved in hospital employee health. The challenges in the Year 2000 Health Objectives for the Nation provide many opportunities to affect employee health, as well as public health interests. The employee health nurse must strive to promote the roles of the nurse as counselor within the hospital and to achieve the goals of health promotion and disease prevention while providing care for the caregivers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling health promotion hospital personnel occupational health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article drug abuse employee human normal human EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1991150303 MEDLINE PMID 2069606 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2069606) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1090 TITLE An empirically based substance abuse course for graduate students in nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy S.A.) Psychosocial Nursing Department, University of Washington, Seattle 98195. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Murphy, Psychosocial Nursing Department, University of Washington, Seattle 98195. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1991) 30:6 (274-277). Date of Publication: Jun 1991 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Currently, no texts or compilations of readings offer a comprehensive graduate-level nursing foundation in addictive behaviors. This article describes the development of a theory- and research-based collection of readings and a course designed to meet this need. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum education health care quality human methodology nurse nursing organization and management psychological aspect psychological model standard teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1649278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1649278) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1091 TITLE Recreational drugs. Societal and professional issues. AUTHOR NAMES Solari-Twadell P.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Solari-Twadell P.A.) Lutheran General Health Care System, Park Ridge, Illinois. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.A. Solari-Twadell, Lutheran General Health Care System, Park Ridge, Illinois. SOURCE The Nursing clinics of North America (1991) 26:2 (499-509). Date of Publication: Jun 1991 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Recreational drug use presents a challenge to society and, in particular, the profession of nursing. Recreational drug use must be appreciated for the implications it presents for the episodes of abuse and development of chronic health problems. The effects and recreational use of volatile substances, cannabis, opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, amphetamines, cocaine, psychedelics, and designer drugs as well as alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine must be acknowledged and understood if options for change are to be considered. The resultant cost of recreational drug use as well as health care implications, public safety, and prevention are significant issues society is faced with today. These issues will continue to be significant unless the current posture toward recreational drug use and abuse is addressed. The profession of nursing continues to be faced with the problems associated with recreational drug use not only through caring for clients, but immediately by the effects of recreational drug use on individual professional nurses. To respond effectively, nursing education and nursing research must be challenged to create an emphasis on this focus. Only through this type of multifocal approach will long-term substantial change be affected for the betterment of future generations. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS designer drug (adverse drug reaction) street drug (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) recreation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult curriculum decision making drinking behavior (epidemiology) human leisure lifestyle nursing nursing education nursing research psychological aspect review risk factor social psychology standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2047294 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2047294) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1092 TITLE Teaching safer sex in a long-term psychiatric setting. AUTHOR NAMES Davidhizar R. Boonstra C. Lutz K. Poston P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Davidhizar R.; Boonstra C.; Lutz K.; Poston P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Davidhizar, SOURCE Perspectives in psychiatric care (1991) 27:1 (25-29). Date of Publication: 1991 ISSN 0031-5990 ABSTRACT The trend toward normalizing life in mental health institutions poses a challenge to the facility's staff in the area of sexual relations among clients. In addition to their other duties, nurses now are being asked to discuss sexual feelings with the clients as well as teach sex education, AIDS information, and safer-sex practices. Such programs need to begin with retraining of staff and institution-wide classes to determine the clients' knowledge base. One model program experienced initial resistance among staff and patients, but worked well after an adjustment period. Different methods were used successfully on the female admission unit, the addiction unit, and the rehabilitation and release unit. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental hospital psychiatric nursing sexual counseling sexual education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology nursing assessment organization organization and management patient education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2008327 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2008327) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1093 TITLE An opinion piece: the consensus conference. AUTHOR NAMES Felton G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Felton G.) College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Felton, College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242. SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1991) 7:3 (184-187). Date of Publication: 1991 May-Jun ISSN 8755-7223 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction consensus development mental health service nursing education nursing organization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing organization and management policy standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1905735 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1905735) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1094 TITLE Cognitive impairments in early sobriety: nursing interventions. AUTHOR NAMES Friedrich R.M. Kus R.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Friedrich R.M.; Kus R.J.) College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.M. Friedrich, College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242. SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (1991) 5:2 (105-112). Date of Publication: Apr 1991 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT In the United States, more than 100,000 people are treated in inpatient treatment centers for alcoholism and other forms of mind-altering drug addictions. One of the most important elements of this treatment is education about the disease process, recovery, and the effects of the drugs on the body, mind, and spirit. Unfortunately, many alcoholics experience cognitive impairment that may impede their learning in the early weeks of recovery. After briefly describing how cognitive impairment may manifest itself in many alcoholic patients in early recovery, and listing some of the possible causes of this impairment, the authors provide several nursing interventions designed to enhance the learning process in early alcoholic recovery. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol abstinence alcoholism (complication) cognitive defect (etiology) patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (complication) article depression (etiology) human nursing psychiatric nursing psychological aspect rehabilitation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2059061 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2059061) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1095 TITLE An analysis of school nurse leadership styles. AUTHOR NAMES Adams C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Adams C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Adams, SOURCE The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses (1991) 7:2 (22-25). Date of Publication: Apr 1991 ISSN 1059-8405 ABSTRACT New programs, such as care of pregnant teens and substance abuse education, are more commonplace in the school setting today. The school nurse is increasingly involved with professionals and others inside and outside the school system. Thus, the nurse's effectiveness may greatly depend upon the ability to lead others. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) leadership school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female human human relation model standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1824301 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1824301) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1096 TITLE Inclusion of alcoholism and drug abuse content in curricula of varied health care professions. AUTHOR NAMES Long P. Gelfand G. McGill D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Long P.; Gelfand G.; McGill D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Long, SOURCE The Journal of the New York State Nurses' Association (1991) 22:1 (9-12). Date of Publication: Mar 1991 ISSN 0028-7644 ABSTRACT Alcoholism and drug abuse are prevalent health problems in the United States. Practitioners in nursing, medicine, and dentistry need to be cognizant of the insidious signs of chemical dependency. A descriptive survey using a researcher-designed questionnaire yielded a sample which consisted of 11 medical schools, 2 dental schools, 25 baccalaureate and higher degree nursing programs, and 38 associate degree nursing programs. The survey findings indicated that the curricula for nursing, medicine, and dentistry were inadequate in chemical dependency content. This survey evidenced the need for a stronger educational effort addressing both knowledge of alcoholism/drug abuse and impaired professional practice in the curricula of the health professional programs examined. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism curriculum dental education medical education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human medical school questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1941272 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1941272) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1097 TITLE Nursing students' stress levels, attitude toward drugs, and drug use. AUTHOR NAMES Floyd J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Floyd J.A.) College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Floyd, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI. SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (1991) 5:1 (46-53). Date of Publication: Feb 1991 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT This study investigated relationships among nursing students' drug use and two variables usually assumed to contribute to the development of chemical dependency in nurses, i.e., stress and positive attitudes about drugs. Drug use was defined as the use of any psychoactive substance including prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, recreational drugs, nicotine, and alcohol. Questionnaires, were distributed to senior-year nursing students and a comparison group of seniors in liberal arts. The only significant difference in reported drug use was nursing students' more frequent use of over-the-counter analgesics. There were no significant differences between nursing and liberal arts majors with regard to three symptoms of stress. Nursing students reported more positive attitudes toward the use of some drugs than peers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) attitude to health mental stress (epidemiology) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male nursing education prediction and forecasting psychological aspect questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2039281 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2039281) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1098 TITLE Don't give AIDS a mainline ticket. AUTHOR NAMES Sheehan A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sheehan A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Sheehan, SOURCE Nursing (1990) 4:25 (33-34). Date of Publication: 1990 Dec 20-1991 Jan 9 ISSN 0142-0372 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (prevention) community health nursing patient education publication substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2284068 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2284068) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1099 TITLE Enhancing the self-esteem of inpatient alcoholics. AUTHOR NAMES Byers P.H. Raven L.M. Hill J.D. Robyak J.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Byers P.H.; Raven L.M.; Hill J.D.; Robyak J.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.H. Byers, SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (1990) 11:4 (337-346). Date of Publication: 1990 ISSN 0161-2840 ABSTRACT This study examined the effect of pairing inpatient alcoholics with nursing home residents (NHRs) on the alcoholics' self-esteem. In this PALS program, the alcoholic inpatients assumed a helping-companion relationship with the NHRs for 2 hr per day during their last 2 weeks of treatment. Fifty alcoholic inpatients were randomly assigned to the PALS program (n = 25) or to the library for free reading time (n = 25). The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS) was administered to all subjects in both groups before and after the interventions. Of the nine TSCS scales, the improvement on the Moral-Ethical scale was significantly greater in the PALS group. Because the alcoholic inpatients in the PALS group engaged in altruistic (moral) behavior, this study provides a logical link between the intervention and the outcome, which has been a prevalent weakness in previous studies of self-esteem in alcoholics. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) patient education peer group self concept EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS altruism article clinical trial female health care quality home for the aged human male nursing home organization and management psychological aspect randomized controlled trial standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2228570 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2228570) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1100 TITLE Comparison of results of Chinese and American forecasting of nursing curriculum needs. AUTHOR NAMES Story D.K. Smola B.K. Liu K.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Story D.K.; Smola B.K.; Liu K.H.) Luther College, Decorah, Iowa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.K. Story, Luther College, Decorah, Iowa. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1990) 29:9 (400-405). Date of Publication: Nov 1990 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT This study used Mengel's (1987) Round Three Questionnaire results from the Fellows of the American Academy of Nursing and baccalaureate nurse educators of Taiwan to compare perceived importance of nursing curriculum needs. The t-test was used as a test of difference between the two groups. Ninety-nine of 129 items were significantly different (p less than .05). This result showed that the forecasting of nursing curriculum needs between R.O.C. and the U.S. generic baccalaureate nursing faculty are different in many ways; specific content areas, sites for clinical experience, and perceived baccalaureate nursing curriculum needs by the year 1995. R.O.C. nurse educators value more highly than the American group six specific content areas: midwifery, nuclear medicine/nursing, space medicine/nursing, geropsychiatry, critical care nursing, and cardiac rehabilitation. American nurse educators pay more attention to 16 specific content areas: palliative care, family and social support systems for the adult, human responses to actual and potential health problems, alcohol, substance abuse and toxicology, life cycle effects on family dynamics, gerentology, health needs of the adolescent, and increasing patient compliance. The emergency care units are placed higher by the R.O.C. nurse educators than by the American group for clinical experiences. R.O.C. nurse educators rated as more important than the American group the ability to speak a second language, the management of contracted nursing services, entrepreneurial activities, and occupational nursing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cultural factor curriculum forecasting nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study questionnaire standard Taiwan United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2176681 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2176681) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1101 TITLE A critical review of human immunodeficiency virus infection--and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related research: the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Swanson J.M. Chenitz C. Zalar M. Stoll P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Swanson J.M.; Chenitz C.; Zalar M.; Stoll P.) Samuel Merritt College, Oakland, CA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.M. Swanson, Samuel Merritt College, Oakland, CA. SOURCE Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (1990) 6:6 (341-355). Date of Publication: 1990 Nov-Dec ISSN 8755-7223 ABSTRACT This article reviews the research literature related to nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and care of people with AIDs (PWAs). Areas reviewed included the following: (1) KAP studies of health professionals that include nurses; (2) KAP studies of nurses; (3) KAP studies of nursing students and faculty; (4) studies of stress and coping related to care of PWAs; and (5) studies of outcomes of AIDS education programs. Gaps in knowledge and negative, fearful attitudes toward HIV transmission and PWAs were identified. Negative fears and behaviors decreased in nurses with the gain in accurate information. The studies were largely atheoretical descriptive surveys of health professionals in acute care settings. Studies of nurses specifically, including more studies of obstetric and pediatric nurses, and nurses in a range of settings in the community would be beneficial both in the United States and in other countries. A wider variety of research designs including qualitative studies are needed as are valid and reliable instruments to allow for cross-comparisons between studies. An assessment of non-AIDS-related content, such as spiritual needs of patients and substances abuse is needed by nurses who care for PWAs for use in development of relevant educational programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome attitude to health nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS Empirical Approach Health Care and Public Health human human relation international cooperation psychological aspect research review standard LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2254528 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2254528) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1102 TITLE An international survey of the educational activities of schools of nursing on psychoactive drugs AUTHOR NAMES Falkowski J. Ghodse A.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Falkowski J.; Ghodse A.H.) St Georges Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Falkowski, St Georges Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom. SOURCE Bulletin of the World Health Organization (1990) 68:4 (479-482). Date of Publication: 1990 ISSN 0043-9686 BOOK PUBLISHER World Health Organization, 20 Ave. Appia, Geneva 27, Switzerland. ABSTRACT A survey of the educational activities of schools of nursing on psychoactive drugs in 99 countries was carried out. All the schools that replied gave specific teaching and many also included the rational use of these drugs. The amount of time devoted to this teaching and the methods used varied greatly. Most schools felt that this topic needed more emphasis and many agreed that guidelines on teaching methods and approaches, as well as broad teaching aims and objectives, would be useful. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence medical ethics nursing psychopharmacotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human normal human priority journal psychological aspect theoretical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1990301489 MEDLINE PMID 2208561 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2208561) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1103 TITLE How are you doing? Patient evaluations of nursing actions. AUTHOR NAMES Yoder S.D. Rode M.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Yoder S.D.; Rode M.W.) Evansville State Hospital, IN 47715. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.D. Yoder, Evansville State Hospital, IN 47715. SOURCE Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services (1990) 28:10 (26-30). Date of Publication: Oct 1990 ISSN 0279-3695 ABSTRACT 1. Quality of patient care can be enhanced if we know what nursing actions psychiatric patients perceive as helpful. Previous research has focused on perceptions of patients on medical-surgical units. 2. Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder tended to see nursing actions as more helpful and performed more frequently than patients diagnosed with substance abuse. 3. Although positive feedback was identified as one of the most helpful nursing actions, it was rated only average in frequency of performance. 4. Even patients who had histories of long hospitalization did not want nursing staff to do things for them that they could do for themselves. Nurses need to focus on teaching self-care skills rather than "doing for" the patient. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) consumer psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article female health personnel attitude hospital patient human male middle aged nurse patient relationship nursing care psychological aspect questionnaire standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2286937 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2286937) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1104 TITLE Attitudes of registered nurses toward perceived substance abusing peers and education specific to substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Spencer-Strachan F.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Spencer-Strachan F.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.L. Spencer-Strachan, SOURCE The ABNF journal : official journal of the Association of Black Nursing Faculty in Higher Education, Inc (1990) 1:2 (27-32). Date of Publication: 1990 Fall ISSN 1046-7041 ABSTRACT A randomized study of 86 senior registered nurse BSN student nurses was conducted to: 1) examine registered nurses' awareness of the effects of substance abuse on their profession; 2) determine their attitudes toward education specific to substance abuse; 3) determine attitudes toward peers perceived as substance abusers; and 4) elicit responses to viewing education as a possible deterrent to drug addiction. Factor analysis for the subscales yielded Cronbach alpha coefficient reliabilities of 0.78 to 0.39. Selected cross tabulations for the independent variables showed no significant influence on the attitudes of respondents. A significant percentage of respondents believed that there was a drug problem in the profession, supported the idea of an educational program on substance abuse, and felt that a specific course could be a deterrent to drug addiction. A significant number also wanted to support the chemically impaired nurse but were less positive about the return of this person to the work place before complete rehabilitation. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) attitude malpractice nursing student peer group EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article human middle aged nursing education psychological aspect questionnaire standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2133632 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2133632) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1105 TITLE The cocaine epidemic: treatment options for cocaine dependence. AUTHOR NAMES Chychula N.M. Okore C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chychula N.M.; Okore C.) Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Addictions Recovery Unit Pa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.M. Chychula, Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center, Addictions Recovery Unit Pa. SOURCE The Nurse practitioner (1990) 15:8 (33-40). Date of Publication: Aug 1990 ISSN 0361-1817 ABSTRACT Because the current cocaine epidemic has affected all levels of health care, the primary care provider is increasingly called on to identify and treat the consequences of cocaine abuse and dependence. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the recovery process can enable the clinician to devise a treatment plan that coincides with rehabilitation efforts. This article presents an analysis of current management strategies for cocaine abuse and dependence. By incorporating the use of a health care model that addresses the five domains of health--physical, psychological, family/social, personal and spiritual--the clinician is in a better position to treat and refer the individual and family afflicted with the disease of cocaine addiction. A description of contemporary ongoing research is included to highlight future directions and possible modifications in treatment approaches for psychoactive substance-use disorder. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cocaine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (therapy) health promotion nurse practitioner philosophy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical protocol human lifestyle methodology nursing nursing assessment prognosis psychological aspect review CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2204847 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2204847) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1106 TITLE NCCDN omission. AUTHOR NAMES Bryson R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bryson R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Bryson, SOURCE The American journal of nursing (1990) 90:8 (20). Date of Publication: Aug 1990 ISSN 0002-936X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction certification nursing discipline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human note United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2372023 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2372023) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1107 TITLE Introducing student nurses to critical care: shadow a critical care nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Kerstein M.B. Hasler M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kerstein M.B.; Hasler M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.B. Kerstein, SOURCE Critical care nurse (1990) 10:7 (16-18). Date of Publication: 1990 Jul-Aug ISSN 0279-5442 ABSTRACT The lack of student experience in critical care makes it difficult for graduate nurses to anticipate what expectations and demands might confront them in intensive care. Consequently, some new graduates discounted critical care as an opportunity available to them. Our institution believed that critical care had special qualities and if those qualities could be demonstrated to nurses, recruitment would improve. An unexpected benefit from the program was the positive staff nurse response to showcasing their skills and expertise. The success of the program was evidenced by the student evaluations and the hiring of students. To date, seven nursing students out of 20 who attended the program have been hired by the hospital. The long-term impact of the program on retention and recruitment is difficult to predict. The department will track these students, as they do all new hires; however, the initial success warranted continuation of the program. Student response to the program has resulted in plans to expand the "shadow a nurse" concept housewide to showcase the nursing specialities such as rehabilitation, maternal/child health, oncology, orthopedics, chemical dependency, and critical care. Current planning involves designing a program aimed toward high school students, with the goal of encouraging young people to consider nursing as a career. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) intensive care nursing education personnel management teaching EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article decision making human methodology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2376134 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2376134) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1108 TITLE Cinnamon oil abuse by adolescents AUTHOR NAMES Perry P.A. Dean B.S. Krenzelok E.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Perry P.A.; Dean B.S.; Krenzelok E.P.) Pittsburgh Poison Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Pittsburgh Poison Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA SOURCE Veterinary and Human Toxicology (1990) 32:2 (162-164). Date of Publication: 1990 ISSN 0145-6296 BOOK PUBLISHER Comparative Toxicology Laboratories, Manhattan, United States. ABSTRACT Reports in the literature about cinnamon oil toxicity are limited to allergic reactions and local irritant effects vrom dermatologic exposure. Cinnamon oil is easily obtained from pharmacies in 5-10 ml amounts for use as a flavoring agent and in craft items. Within a 5-mo period the Pittsburgh Poison Center (PPC) documented 32 cases of cinnamon oil abuse; all cases involved males aged 11-16 y and were reported to the PPC by school nurses. Sucking on toothpicks or fingers which had been dipped in cinnamon oil was the primary method of abuse. A rush or sensation of warmth, facial flushing, and oral burning were the experimences reported by the users. Some children complained of nausea or abdominal pain but no systemic effects were reported. Eight patients with dermal exposure had irritation ranging from rythema to welts, which resolved after thorough soap and water decontamination. Two ocular exposures resulted in mild irritation and were successfully treated with irrigation or dilution. The recent popularity of cinnamon oil abuse appears to be related to the ease with which it can be carried, engendering little fear of discovery or chastisement. Despite the relatively low toxicity of cinnamon oil, medical professionals should be aware of its potential for misuse. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cinnamon oil EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS unclassified drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent age conference paper flushing heat sensation human male CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cinnamon oil (8015-91-6) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Toxicology (52) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1990166312 MEDLINE PMID 2327068 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2327068) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1109 TITLE Alcohol dependency: health promotion and Orem's model. AUTHOR NAMES Dunn B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dunn B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Dunn, SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (1990) 4:40 (34). Date of Publication: 1990 Jun 27-Jul 3 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention, rehabilitation) health promotion theoretical model EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing self care LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2116854 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2116854) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1110 TITLE Personality, addiction and anesthesia. AUTHOR NAMES McDonough J.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McDonough J.P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.P. McDonough, SOURCE AANA journal (1990) 58:3 (193-200). Date of Publication: Jun 1990 ISSN 0094-6354 ABSTRACT While substance abuse problems in the health care profession are not new, little documentation exists as to their prevalence among nurse anesthetists. There already exists considerable evidence that physician specialists in anesthesia are overrepresented in the population of physicians seeking treatment for drug and alcohol use. The purpose of this research was to explore factors related to personality and addictive tendencies that might predispose nurse anesthetists to substance abuse as well. Of the 150 graduate nursing students in the study, those specializing in anesthesia (n = 81) formed the study group while those pursuing general nursing graduate degrees (n = 69) comprised the control group. Differences in the personality facets of impulsiveness, assertiveness and excitement seeking were measured using the NEO Personality Inventory. The addictive tendencies of the subjects were measured using the MacAndrew Scale taken from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. In comparative analyses of the two groups, the anesthesia subjects exhibited a higher mean score for excitement seeking and a greater number of positive MacAndrew (addictive tendency) scores (22.2% versus 5.9%). The findings also showed that subjects with positive MacAndrew scores generally had higher excitement seeking scores. It may be possible that this higher level of excitement seeking predisposes future nurse anesthetists to the development of addictive disorders. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction anesthesia personality EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article comparative study drug effect female human male malpractice Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory multivariate analysis nurse anesthetist nursing student personality test psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2378235 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2378235) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1111 TITLE On becoming drug-free: the individual nurse can make a difference. AUTHOR NAMES Willming M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Willming M.D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Willming, SOURCE The Florida nurse (1990) 38:4 (1, 10). Date of Publication: Apr 1990 ISSN 0015-4199 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention, rehabilitation) health promotion nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article community care human nursing organization United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2332072 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2332072) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1112 TITLE A randomized trial of nurse-midwifery prenatal care to reduce low birth weight AUTHOR NAMES Heins Jr. H.C. Webster Nance N. McCarthy B.J. Melvin Efird C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Heins Jr. H.C.; Webster Nance N.; McCarthy B.J.; Melvin Efird C.) Department of Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Med. Univ. of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.C. Heins Jr., Department of Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Med. Univ. of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, United States. SOURCE Obstetrics and Gynecology (1990) 75:3 I (341-345). Date of Publication: 1990 ISSN 0029-7844 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 250 Waterloo Road, London, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT In a randomized, controlled trial in five regional centers with state health department clinics, 1458 women at high risk for low birth weight (LBW) outcome received either prenatal interventions provided by nurse-midwives and nurses under their supervision or the standard high-risk prenatal care provided by obstetricians. The intervention administered by the nurse-midwives included patient education to identify the signs and symptoms of preterm labor, activity counseling in response to monitoring of the cervix by frequent examinations, stress reduction by enhancing social support, nutrition counseling with emphasis on weight gain, and substance-abuse counseling. For women in the control group, care was provided by obstetricians according to local standards for the management of high-risk pregnancies. We hypothesized that the LBW rate among live births to women who had received care from nurse-midwives would be lower than that in the control group. Although the LBW rate was lower in the intervention group than in the control group, the observed difference was not statistically significant. Race was not prespecified as a possible effect modifier, but examination of the data post hoc suggested that black women at high statistical risk of giving birth to an LBW infant may have derived benefit from the program. Although the results do not suggest any striking advantage of the nurse-midwifery intervention over standard obstetric care for women at high statistical risk of having an LBW infant, neither do they suggest any disadvantage. Nurse-midwives could provide care to certain populations of high-risk women and facilitate future coverage of these presently underserved populations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) low birth weight premature labor EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article fetus human midwife pregnancy priority journal EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Obstetrics and Gynecology (10) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1990062611 MEDLINE PMID 2406656 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2406656) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1113 TITLE Developing workable policies: the treasures of a small hospital. AUTHOR NAMES Rehak J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rehak J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Rehak, SOURCE The Florida nurse (1990) 38:1 (13). Date of Publication: Jan 1990 ISSN 0015-4199 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education hospital hospital bed capacity human in service training nursing psychiatric nursing United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2298330 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2298330) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1114 TITLE Teach the chemically dependent to avoid alcohol! AUTHOR NAMES Stefanik-Campisi C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stefanik-Campisi C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Stefanik-Campisi, SOURCE Advancing clinical care : official journal of NOAADN (1990) 5:1 (33). Date of Publication: 1990 Jan-Feb ISSN 1042-9565 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) drinking behavior patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2297387 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2297387) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1115 TITLE Managing vulnerability: nursing treatment for heroin addicts. AUTHOR NAMES Chenitz W.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chenitz W.C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.C. Chenitz, SOURCE Image--the journal of nursing scholarship (1989) 21:4 (210-214). Date of Publication: 1989 Winter ISSN 0743-5150 ABSTRACT Grounded theory methodology was used to study nursing interventions in a methadone maintenance clinic. Participant-observation as a clinic staff nurse over four months was the principal method of data collection. A substantive theory called "managing vulnerability" was developed to describe nursing treatment of heroin addicts during methadone maintenance. Managing vulnerability has three parallel stages for the client and nurse. These stages are (a) learning to be vulnerable, (b) living with vulnerability and (c) beyond vulnerability. Basic conditions for this process are dispensing (giving) medication; therapeutic neutrality, which is the attitude assumed by the nurse; effective staff communication and clear clinic policy. Managing vulnerability illustrates the complexity of a therapeutic psychological nursing process. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS methadone (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) heroin dependence (drug therapy) nursing theory psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology nurse patient relationship nursing patient care planning CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2807328 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2807328) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1116 TITLE Self-medication among secondary school pupils in Hong Kong: A descriptive study AUTHOR NAMES Tse M.H.W. Chung J.T.N. Munro J.G.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tse M.H.W.; Chung J.T.N.; Munro J.G.C.) General Practice Unit, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS General Practice Unit, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong SOURCE Family Practice (1989) 6:4 (303-306). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0263-2136 BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT A self-completion questionaire was used to survey self-medication among secondary school pupils in Hong Kong. Data were collected from 4793 pupils aged 10 to 23 years (55.9% female and 44.1% male). Nearly three quarters (72.1%) had taken self-mediciation without consulting a medical practitioner and 51.8% of the sample had done so without the knowledge of older family members. The prevalence of self-medication increased with age. More than half the pupils (50.4%) indicated that trivial illness did not warrant a consultation with a doctor. Information relating to the sources of self-administered drugs, types of drugs used and sources of information about these drugs was collected. Medicine cabinets at home and pharmacy shops were the two most common places from which the pupils obtained their drugs. Though the prevalence of taking tranquillizers and sleeping tablets was found to be low, the probability of young people, especially boys, obtaining dangerous drugs from these places should not be overlooked. The medical, nursing and teaching professions should take a more active role in health education, as the sources from which the pupils obtained their drug knowledge, in descending order of frequency, were: family members, previous illness experience, pharmacy shops, doctor or nurse, television or radio, newspapers or magazines, friends and teachers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse high school student self medication EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent age article education female Hong Kong male school child EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1990040790 MEDLINE PMID 2632309 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2632309) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1117 TITLE Spinal cord injury prevention in North America. AUTHOR NAMES Dewis M. Tenn L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dewis M.; Tenn L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Dewis, SOURCE Nursing practice (Edinburgh, Scotland) (1989) 3:1 (15-17). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0266-6146 ABSTRACT Traumatic spinal cord injury is accompanied by enormous physical, psychosocial and financial losses for the individual and society. The age group most affected by spinal cord injury are adolescents and young adults and the incidence appears to be rising in North America. In the past, efforts have been directed towards minimising the effects of the injury, optimising rehabilitation and searching for a cure. Only recently has it been acknowledged that spinal cord injuries are preventable disabilities. Spinal cord injury prevention programmes have begun to be developed in several regions of the United States and Canada. The authors contend that effective prevention programmes should be based on understanding and application of the developmental characteristics of the target population and should incorporate behavioural as well as cognitive components. A prototype programme that would integrate these aspects is described. The purpose of this article is to describe the application of one educational approach to the issue of spinal cord injury prevention in adolescents. The approach may be useful for nurses involved in health education programmes dealing with other high incidence health problems of this age group, such as pregnancy and substance abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) spinal cord injury (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article Canada health education human sport injury (prevention) traffic accident (prevention) United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2615862 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2615862) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1118 TITLE Anabolic steroid use among high school athletes. AUTHOR NAMES Engel N.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Engel N.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.S. Engel, SOURCE MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing (1989) 14:6 (417). Date of Publication: 1989 Nov-Dec ISSN 0361-929X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anabolic agent (adverse drug reaction) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) doping (prevention) health education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article female human male LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2514332 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2514332) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1119 TITLE Nursing students using drugs and alcohol. AUTHOR NAMES Allen C. Pearce L. Planchock N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Allen C.; Pearce L.; Planchock N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Allen, SOURCE Pelican news (1989) 45:5 (6). Date of Publication: Oct 1989 ISSN 0031-4161 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) cannabis smoking (epidemiology) drinking behavior nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female human male middle aged United States (epidemiology) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2812954 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2812954) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1120 TITLE Consent requirements for treatment of minors. AUTHOR NAMES Thompson H.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thompson H.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.A. Thompson, SOURCE Texas medicine (1989) 85:8 (56-59). Date of Publication: Aug 1989 ISSN 0040-4470 ABSTRACT The American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Nurses Association of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the National Medical Association recently released guidelines aimed at protecting the privacy of adolescent patients. The organizations stated that, in many cases, young people will not confide in health professionals if the young people feel that these discussions will be reported to their parents. Ultimately, the organizations said, health risks to adolescents are so impelling that legal barriers and deference to parental involvement should not stand in the way of needed health care. In Texas there is a statute regarding consent for medical treatment of minors, which responds to the above organizations' concerns about confidentially treating children for substance abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, and suicide prevention. However, the statute is silent in regard to medical treatment involving prescription contraceptives. By negative inference, the statute would preclude a minor on her own from making a decision about abortion. This article examines Texas statutes dealing with consent for medical treatment for minors and discusses US Supreme Court decisions on a minor's rights to abortions and contraceptives. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS contraceptive agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Adolescents, Female child advocacy Contraceptive Distribution informed consent jurisprudence parent prescription therapeutic abortion treatment EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent Adolescents age article child contraceptive device Demographic Factors developed country Distributional Activities Family And Household family planning Family Relationships family size female Fertility Control, Postconception human induced abortion infant juvenile medicolegal aspect newborn North America Northern America organization and management population population and population related phenomena pregnancy preschool child Program Activities Programs spontaneous abortion United States Western Hemisphere LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2763219 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2763219) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1121 TITLE Caffeine: use and abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Benton D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Benton D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Benton, SOURCE Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987) (1989) 44:3 (34-36). Date of Publication: 29 Jul 1989 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) caffeine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention, rehabilitation) health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article female human male nursing staff nursing student questionnaire withdrawal syndrome CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS caffeine (30388-07-9, 58-08-2) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2505124 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2505124) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1122 TITLE Get wise to drugwise! AUTHOR NAMES Horne E.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Horne E.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.M. Horne, SOURCE Professional nurse (London, England) (1989) 4:10 (47). Date of Publication: Jul 1989 ISSN 0266-8130 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology, prevention) health education nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS editorial human United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2771971 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2771971) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1123 TITLE The student nurse and change. AUTHOR NAMES O'Toole A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Toole A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. O'Toole, SOURCE World of Irish nursing (1989) 18:4 (12-14). Date of Publication: 1989 Jul-Aug ISSN 0332-3056 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing nursing care nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article human intoxication philosophy social change LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2815816 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2815816) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1124 TITLE The high-risk young people's program. A summing up AUTHOR NAMES Lear J.G. Foster Jr. H.W. Baratz J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lear J.G.; Foster Jr. H.W.; Baratz J.A.) Children's Hospital National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Children's Hospital National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010 SOURCE Journal of Adolescent Health Care (1989) 10:3 (224-230). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0197-0070 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States. ABSTRACT For over five years, 21 teaching hospitals and 54 community cosponsors provided health services to young people at risk for sociomedical problems, i.e., to young people living in communities characterized by high rates of teen pregnancy, sexually transmitted disease, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, accidents, homicide, suicide, and mental illness. With support from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the 20 grantees of the High-Risk Young People's Program developed projects whose collective goal was to expand services to high-risk youth and improve their health. This goal was to be achieved by a direct provision of medical services, training health providers in the care of high-risk youth, consolidating categorical youth services into single, comprehensive care sites, and securing long-term support for these new services and training activities. During the grant period, 114 fellows, 974 residents, 453 medical students, and 126 graduate nurses trained at project sites. Patients visits, which totaled 47,203 the first year, reached 84,754 the second year, and were reported at 89,024 in the fourth year. Sixteen of the 20 projects secured 117 grants worth nearly $7 million. We conclude that the projects were successful in training health care providers and in securing additional support for Program purposes, but were less successful in expanding services beyond the initial pilot for clinical care. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling finance health program health service high risk population performance training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent economic aspect education human medical student normal human organization and management priority journal residency education short survey EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1989125784 MEDLINE PMID 2715097 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2715097) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0070(89)90238-6 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1125 TITLE The urgency of substance abuse education in schools of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Murphy S.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Murphy S.A.) University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.A. Murphy, University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1989) 28:6 (247-251). Date of Publication: Jun 1989 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT The abuse of alcohol and drugs has become a major health and social problem in the United States. Nurses comprise the largest segment of health-care professionals, yet report their educational experiences offer little to prepare them to develop substance abuse prevention and intervention programs. This article identifies factors that contribute to this educational gap, discusses challenges in planning and implementing substance abuse curricula, and offers specific guidelines for improving educational experiences. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS curriculum health care quality human nursing nursing research nursing theory psychological aspect review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2544702 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2544702) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1126 TITLE The incorporation of family primary care for southeast Asian refugees in a community-based mental health facility. AUTHOR NAMES Pickwell S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pickwell S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Pickwell, SOURCE Archives of psychiatric nursing (1989) 3:3 (173-177). Date of Publication: Jun 1989 ISSN 0883-9417 ABSTRACT Immigration is a complex circumstance that exacts a serious toll from the migrant in terms of mental, physical, and socioeconomic status. Among migrating peoples, it is the refugee who encounters the greatest number of personal and social obstacles to resettlement and adaptation. The degree of effective acculturation among Southeast Asian refugees is largely unknown, but it appears that adjustment difficulties are manifest more and more in psychotic episodes, substance abuse, and other antisocial behaviors. This report reviews the literature that documents the incidence of mental health disturbance among this population and describes some of the treatment approaches being tried at various health care centers across the country. Nurses are confronted with the dilemma of integrating the techniques of modern clinical psychiatry with cultural reality into a model system for providing effective mental health services to ethnically diverse people. Described here is a Family Nurse Practitioner-faculty-student clinical experience designed to provide home health services to Southeast Asian refugees with psychiatric diagnoses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community mental health center migration primary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article cultural factor ethnology human mental disease (epidemiology, therapy) nurse practitioner nursing organization and management Southeast Asia United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2751360 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2751360) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1127 TITLE A critical and comparative review of the prevention of drug and alcohol abuse in Israel AUTHOR NAMES Barnea Z. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Barnea Z.) Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978 SOURCE Journal of Drug Education (1989) 19:1 (59-81). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0047-2379 BOOK PUBLISHER Baywood Publishing Co. Inc., 26 Austin Avenue, P.O. Box 337, Amityville, United States. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism drug abuse education program health education mass medium school EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human Israel manpower normal human nurse organization and management physician psychological aspect review social worker teacher EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1989106791 MEDLINE PMID 2656966 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2656966) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1128 TITLE The certification process: History and significance for addictions nursing practice AUTHOR NAMES Nelson N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Nelson N.) BSN Clinical Specialist/Faculty, Nursing Program, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS BSN Clinical Specialist/Faculty, Nursing Program, University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (1989) 24:1 (151-159). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0029-6465 BOOK PUBLISHER W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT The addictions nursing certification process will become a reality for the nurse. Ideally, this process will provide a method of ensuring quality care while maintaining self-regulation by the profession. The literature supports certification based on standards of care as a measure of that quality of care and as a voluntary mechanism selected by the practicing nurse. Many professional issues lie ahead for specialty nursing practice in the 1990s. The addictions nursing certification established by the NNSA offers a quality basis for certification implementation. The addictions nursing practice certification credential can provide the acknowledgment that the nurse has mastered a body of knowledge and skills reflective of a specialty nursing area. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction certification education nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS priority journal short survey EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1989081014 MEDLINE PMID 2646609 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2646609) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1129 TITLE Alcohol education for patients: some nurses need persuading. AUTHOR NAMES Rowland N. Maynard A.K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rowland N.; Maynard A.K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N. Rowland, SOURCE Nurse education today (1989) 9:2 (100-104). Date of Publication: Apr 1989 ISSN 0260-6917 ABSTRACT Nurses form the largest group of health care workers and given their repeated contact with patients are in a good position to develop their health education role. Alcohol is the third major cause of morbidity and mortality and alcohol education is an important part of patient care. As part of a prospective study to assess the effects of early identification and education for those patients drinking to excess, we assessed nurses' attitudes towards screening patients for alcohol related problems, their knowledge of what constituted harmful drinking and their views on alcohol education for those at risk of harming their health. While nurses themselves were receptive to alcohol education a sizeable proportion remained unconvinced of the long term benefits of education for those who drink to excess. Alcohol researchers and health education still have some way to go in persuading health professionals of the benefits of incorporating health education into their everyday practices. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health personnel attitude patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing nursing assessment prospective study risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2725456 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2725456) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1130 TITLE The nurse practitioners' role in smoking cessation. AUTHOR NAMES Christman C. Bingham M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Christman C.; Bingham M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS C. Christman, SOURCE Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (1989) 1:2 (49-54). Date of Publication: 1989 Apr-Jun ISSN 1041-2972 ABSTRACT Most people who smoke want to quit. Smoking is a combination of nicotine addiction, psychologic dependency, and habit. Nurse practitioners are in a unique position to influence clients to stop smoking. The authors discuss individual and group therapy programs and the role of the nurse practitioner. Nurse practitioners are encouraged to start smoking cessation programs in their communities. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health promotion nurse practitioner smoking (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human methodology motivation patient education psychological aspect self concept self help LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2631926 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2631926) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1131 TITLE Smoking--getting the message across. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Midwives chronicle (1989) 102:1215 (110). Date of Publication: Apr 1989 ISSN 0026-3524 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing care patient education smoking (prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child female human midwife pregnancy tobacco dependence (rehabilitation) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2761435 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2761435) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1132 TITLE Patterns and implications of drug use by students of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE Imprint (1989) 36:2 (85-88). Date of Publication: 1989 Apr-May ISSN 0019-3062 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (etiology, prevention) nurse nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article depression female human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2707833 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2707833) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1133 TITLE Preventing drug dependency: Part 2, education and supporting staff AUTHOR NAMES Clark M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark M.D.) Nursing Department, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Nursing Department, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL SOURCE Journal of Nursing Administration (1989) 19:1 (21-26). Date of Publication: 1989 ISSN 0002-0443 BOOK PUBLISHER Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT In part 1 (JONA, December 1988) of this two part series of articles, the author discussed risk factors associated with initial and continuing drug use by nurses. The author presents the minimum knowledge base for an education program to be given to all nursing personnel and suggests ways to provide staff support and established systems of control. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education health education health promotion nurse prevention substance abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS organization and management priority journal psychological aspect review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1989058296 MEDLINE PMID 2911047 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2911047) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1134 TITLE Health practices of nursing students: a survey. AUTHOR NAMES Dittmar S.S. Haughey B.P. O'Shea R.M. Brasure J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dittmar S.S.; Haughey B.P.; O'Shea R.M.; Brasure J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S. Dittmar, SOURCE Health values (1989) 13:2 (24-31). Date of Publication: 1989 Mar-Apr ISSN 0147-0353 ABSTRACT This study describes the health practices of nursing students from several nursing programs in western New York. Findings from a sample of 1,081 female students who responded to a questionnaire showed considerable variability in the extent to which students engage in health-related practices. While the majority obtain six to eight hours of sleep per night, exercise regularly, and have annual dental and physical examinations, less than half those surveyed eat breakfast everyday, over three-quarters eat between meals, and less than one-half limit fat, salt, and sugar in their diets. Most do not wear seat belts consistently; less than one-third perform breast self-examination monthly; and 90% consume alcoholic beverages and one-quarter have five or more drinks per occasion. Analyses demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between preventive-health orientation scores and age and type of basic nursing education. These data suggest that nurse faculty and health educators need to influence students' health-promoting and disease-preventing behaviors. This need is particularly salient since these students are expected to act as exemplars when they complete their education and assume positions in the health-care system. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health behavior health promotion nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult aged article female human information processing middle aged questionnaire statistics United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10292142 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10292142) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1135 TITLE The impaired nursing student. AUTHOR NAMES O'Quinn-Larson J. Pickard M.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Quinn-Larson J.; Pickard M.R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. O'Quinn-Larson, SOURCE Nurse educator (1989) 14:2 (36-39). Date of Publication: 1989 Mar-Apr ISSN 0363-3624 ABSTRACT Nursing students are at risk for abusing chemical substances during the nursing education experience. To assist faculty and administrators address this issue, characteristics of the chemically dependent nursing student are described. The authors also discuss teaching strategies and preventive approaches that might impact on the student's current or potential substance abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) malpractice nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction (epidemiology) article human nursing education psychological aspect social behavior social support LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2704445 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2704445) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1136 TITLE Nurses' perceptions of their pain assessment skills, pain management practices, and attitudes toward pain. AUTHOR NAMES Dalton J.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Dalton J.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.A. Dalton, SOURCE Oncology nursing forum (1989) 16:2 (225-231). Date of Publication: 1989 Mar-Apr ISSN 0190-535X ABSTRACT Nursing pain assessments are influenced by the length of available tools, patient characteristics, patient pathology, concern about addictive behavior, and characteristics of the nurse. The relationship among these variables was explored in a sample of community hospital nurses (N = 59) and ONS members (N = 19). Although a number of interesting similarities were found in the two groups, age, professional and continuing education, and care setting appear to be related to differences in pain assessment practices. Implications for practice, research, and education include teaching nurses to: assess factors related to quality of life in the pain experience, assess and validate data from families, assess coping skills, and teach patients to use behavioral pain management strategies. The findings also suggest that further study is needed concerning the relationship between personal beliefs and experiences and the assessment and management of pain. Membership in professional organizations appears to be associated with comprehensive approaches to the assessment and management of cancer pain and should be addressed in further research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) clinical competence health personnel attitude nursing assessment pain (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged analgesia article comparative study human methodology middle aged nurse nursing nursing staff oncology nursing perception psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2928271 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2928271) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1137 TITLE Responding to the chemically dependent nursing student. AUTHOR NAMES Eller R.A. Irwin B.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Eller R.A.; Irwin B.L.) Loma Linda University School of Nursing, California. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.A. Eller, Loma Linda University School of Nursing, California. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1989) 28:2 (87-88). Date of Publication: Feb 1989 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) health service nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (rehabilitation) article human organization and management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2538608 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2538608) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1138 TITLE The educational impact of a course about addiction. AUTHOR NAMES Jack L.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jack L.W.) Undergraduate Program, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, PA. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.W. Jack, Undergraduate Program, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, PA. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1989) 28:1 (22-28). Date of Publication: Jan 1989 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nursing course about addiction on baccalaureate nursing students' attitudes toward addictive substances and on their personal lifestyle behaviors. The course was a three-credit, 15-week offering, focusing on: 1) learning to care for addictive clients, and 2) learning to value responsible attitudes and healthy lifestyle behaviors, as a strategy for primary prevention of addiction in the nursing profession. A non-random treatment group of 46 students enrolled in the course was compared with a control group of 36 students. Data were collected at the beginning and end of the term using Goodstadt's Drug Attitudes Scale and the Healthstyle Self-Test, and analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures over time. The treatment group made significantly greater changes than did the control group when measured by the tobacco subscale and the opiates subscale. Both groups showed a significantly decreased ability to manage stress at the end of the term. In addition, a subgroup of students who indicated a family background of drug or alcohol abuse reported significantly different lifestyle behaviors when compared with a subgroup of students whose families did not use drugs or alcohol. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health personnel attitude nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article behavior female human lifestyle psychological aspect smoking (prevention) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2538591 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2538591) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1139 TITLE Alchol-related knowledge, beliefs and attitudes among health and clerical personnel AUTHOR NAMES Poikolainen K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Poikolainen K.) National Public Health Institute, 00300 Helsinki CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS National Public Health Institute, 00300 Helsinki SOURCE Social Science and Medicine (1988) 27:12 (1429-1432). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0277-9536 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT Health personnel has been thought to pay too little attention to alcohol-related problems. Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to alcohol were studied among 225 physicians, 296 nurses, and 279 clerical employees. Knowledge scores were constructed by giving one point for every correct answer. For knowledge on alcoholic beverages and biological facts (11 questions), the mean scores were: physicians 7.7, nurses, 6.7, and clerical employees 6.5. For etiologic knowledge (12 items), the means were: physicians 8.6, nurses 6.9, and clerical employees 6.3. The respective scores for prognostic knowledge (9 items) were: physicians 6.8, nurses 6.3, clerical employees 5.5. For knowledge on prevention and treatment the mean scores were: physicians 2.7, nurses 2.2 and clerical personnel 2.3. Physicians had more permissive attitudes towards alcohol use in various social situations and were less likely to recommend compulsory treatment than nurses or clerical employees. With respect to the prevention of alcohol problems, all groups considered face-to-face health education to be the most effective approach, followed by radio and TV education, and then voluntary treatment. Beverage price increases were regarded to be the least effective approach by nurses and clerical employees, while physicians felt that the press was the least likely source of enlightenment. Knowledge was only remotely related to age, marital status and permissive attitudes. Health personnel knew more about alcohol-related problems than lay people, but there is room for further improvement. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude health belief health care personnel health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clergy education human normal human nurse physician psychological aspect short survey CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1989000652 MEDLINE PMID 3238461 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3238461) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(88)90209-2 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1140 TITLE Mental health. Educating for health. AUTHOR NAMES Schickler P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schickler P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Schickler, SOURCE Nursing times (1988) 84:48 (67). Date of Publication: 1988 Nov 30-Dec 6 ISSN 0954-7762 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) health education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health service human United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3205800 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3205800) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1141 TITLE Encouraging non-smoking behaviors: a necessary component of nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Kudzma E.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kudzma E.C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.C. Kudzma, SOURCE Nurse educator (1988) 13:6 (25-29). Date of Publication: 1988 Nov-Dec ISSN 0363-3624 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nursing education nursing student smoking (prevention) tobacco dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3211395 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3211395) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1142 TITLE Drug use and nursing students: Part II. A program for prevention. AUTHOR NAMES Clark M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark M.D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Clark, SOURCE Nurse educator (1988) 13:6 (22-24). Date of Publication: 1988 Nov-Dec ISSN 0363-3624 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human human relation risk factor LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3211394 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3211394) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1143 TITLE Chemical dependency nurses nationally certified. AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE Nursing management (1988) 19:10 (14). Date of Publication: Oct 1988 ISSN 0744-6314 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction certification nursing discipline EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human letter nursing nursing organization United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3419711 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3419711) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1144 TITLE Nursing students with alcoholic fathers: alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms. AUTHOR NAMES Haack M.R. Harford T.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haack M.R.; Harford T.C.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Haack, SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (1988) 9:2 (181-188). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0161-2840 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism depression drinking behavior father child relation nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article female genetics human male psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3403243 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3403243) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1145 TITLE Patterns of alcohol use among nurse educators. AUTHOR NAMES Gerace L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gerace L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Gerace, SOURCE Issues in mental health nursing (1988) 9:2 (189-200). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0161-2840 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drinking behavior nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult alcoholism (etiology) article female human male middle aged questionnaire risk factor socioeconomics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3403244 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3403244) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1146 TITLE Staff resource nurses: extending the influence of the nurse specialist. AUTHOR NAMES Steffen V.B. Meacham-Zielasko J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steffen V.B.; Meacham-Zielasko J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.B. Steffen, SOURCE NursingConnections (1988) 1:3 (23-31). Date of Publication: 1988 Fall ISSN 0895-2809 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article diabetes mellitus education human in service training nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3200330 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3200330) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1147 TITLE Drug use and nursing students. Part 1, A program for prevention. AUTHOR NAMES Clark M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark M.D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Clark, SOURCE Nurse educator (1988) 13:5 (25-27). Date of Publication: 1988 Sep-Oct ISSN 0363-3624 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human mental stress nursing education psychological aspect risk factor social adaptation LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3211377 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3211377) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1148 TITLE WHO cancer pain relief programme. AUTHOR NAMES Stjernswärd J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stjernswärd J.) World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Stjernswärd, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. SOURCE Cancer surveys (1988) 7:1 (195-208). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0261-2429 ABSTRACT Cancer pain relief is a ubiquitous but neglected public health problem. Every day more than three and a half million people suffer from cancer pain, but only a fraction receive treatment for it. Relatively simple and inexpensive methods of pain relief are available. Adequate pain relief is not reaching a great number of cancer patients in developed countries. In the developing countries, where more than half the world's cancer patients are and where most are incurable at the time of diagnosis, pain relief (often the only relevant human alternative) by and large is not offered. Obstacles to effective cancer pain relief worldwide include poor drug availability, misguided national drug legislation, lack of education of doctors and nurses, underprescribing and underdosing by the professionals, wrong timing of drugs given, fear of addiction and lack of public awareness that pain can be controlled. A World Health Organization (WHO) method has been developed which provides for drugs to be administered immediately if there is pain, to be given 'by the clock' rather than 'on demand' and to be increased from non-opioids (aspirin or paracetamol) to weak opioids (codeine) and then to strong opioids (morphine) until the patient is free from pain--hence the concept of a three-step ladder for cancer pain relief. Field tests have shown that the right drug in the right dose at the right time relieves 80 to 90% of pain. Thus a scientifically valid, relatively inexpensive method suitable for reaching patients at community level does exist. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm (therapy) palliative therapy world health organization EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS human international cooperation review LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2454740 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2454740) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1149 TITLE Intervention with chemically dependent nurses: A paradigm for professional retention AUTHOR NAMES Crosby L.R. Offer P.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Crosby L.R.; Offer P.L.) Nurse Recovery Program, Tampa Area Hospital Council, Tampa, FL CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Nurse Recovery Program, Tampa Area Hospital Council, Tampa, FL SOURCE Quality Review Bulletin (1988) 14:4 (111-115). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0097-5990 BOOK PUBLISHER Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organ., One Renaissance Boulevard, Oakbrook Terrace, United States. ABSTRACT Although intervention is only one step in dealing with chemically dependent nurses, how it is handled is crucial to the goal of retaining valuable personnel. Subsequent steps in the recovery process include treatment, discharge planning, contract negotations, physiologic and behavioral monitoring, role adaptation, work group reintegration, and clinical criteria for treating relapse. The Nurse Recovery Program can serve as a model for identifying, treating, and reintegrating nurses who are chemically dependent. The success of this pilot project was due largely to intensive ongoing educational seminars for nurse managers and hands-on intervention training workshops. Policies and procedures regarding impaired nursing practice developed by the Nurse Recovery Program provided consistency for measurable outcomes. This program's success should inspire nurse administrators throughout the health care system to develop and implement similar programs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) dependent personality disorder drug abuse drug dependence nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article economic aspect organization and management psychological aspect review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988130687 MEDLINE PMID 3132673 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3132673) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1150 TITLE AIDS education in Switzerland: Implementing strategies to reach groups with high risk behaviours, particularly youth AUTHOR NAMES Martin J.F. Michaud P.-A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Martin J.F.; Michaud P.-A.) Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Service, CH-1014 Lausanne CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Service, CH-1014 Lausanne SOURCE Health Education Research (1988) 3:1 (105-112). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0268-1153 ABSTRACT In Switzerland the Federal Office of Public Health has developed a comprehensive set of AIDS care and prevention policies and activities in recent years. For their actual implementation, the main responsibility lies with the health departments of the 26 Cantons. This paper originates from one of the large Cantons, Vaud. Major efforts have been made from the Federal level to transmit relevent AIDS-related information to the general public. Much remains to be done to assist people, especially high risk groups, to translate the vital prevention messages into behaviour changes. For youth in general, new attitudes towards sexual relations are called for, different from those of young people 10 or 15 years ago. In Vaud, a number of entry points are used to pass on this education: physicians and nurses involved in school health, teachers and, among the latter, two groups with specific in-service training and part-time functions - mediators (who made themselves available to children in various risk situations) and health animators (promoting the inclusion of health education topics in the teaching). There is a special health programme for 16-19 year olds. Also a substantial tradition of sexual education sessions in the school system offers valuable opportunities for AIDS education. Further, innovative strategies are developed to reach and work with the male homosexuals and, to the extent possible, intravenous drug addicts. In conclusion it is emphasized that, in many ways, AIDS education issues demand courage from health and public leaders. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acquired immune deficiency syndrome health education high risk population public health sexual education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education normal human Switzerland EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988127299 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1151 TITLE Understanding alcoholism and drug dependency in nurses AUTHOR NAMES Stammer M.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Stammer M.E.) Staff Education and Training, Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, VA CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Staff Education and Training, Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, VA SOURCE Quality Review Bulletin (1988) 14:3 (75-80). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0097-5990 BOOK PUBLISHER Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organ., One Renaissance Boulevard, Oakbrook Terrace, United States. ABSTRACT Despite the acknowledged prevalence of substance abuse among nurses, supervisors and co-workers of impaired nurses have little understanding of impairment or of how to constructively address the problem. A study of 34 nurses in Virginia explored factors underlying alcoholism in nurses. The study revealed that most of these nurses were influenced by family alcoholism and societal pressures associated with the female role. The need for acceptance and the inability to cope with stress were also important factors underlying nurses' use of alcohol. A general list of indicators of alcoholism and drug dependency were compiled based on the study results. Integrating the results of studies such as this one into educational programs for nurses may facilitate the identification of impaired nurses and their reentry into the workplace upon recovery. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) diagnosis EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988107964 MEDLINE PMID 3130599 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3130599) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1152 TITLE Health promotion, education, counseling, and coordination in primary health care nursing AUTHOR NAMES Brown M.A. Waybrant K.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brown M.A.; Waybrant K.M.) Department of Community Health Care Systems, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Department of Community Health Care Systems, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 SOURCE Public Health Nursing (1988) 5:1 (16-23). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0737-1209 BOOK PUBLISHER Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States. ABSTRACT The evolution of advanced nursing practice over the past several decades has stimulated a number of studies of the activities of nurses specializing in the area of primary health care. These studies have ignored the nursing component of nurse practioners' role in the areas of health care coordination, health promotion, health education, and counseling. We examined the extent to which nurse practitioners reported involvement in these areas in their practices. Study findings pointed to a high frequency of health-promotion activities, with 98 percent of the respondents reporting this type of care delivered during the reporting day, including health screening, nutrition information, exercise counseling, family planning, education, and risk factor analysis. The most common coordination activities were referrals for mental health, social work or drug rehabilitation, vision services, alcohol problems, and hearing services. Overall, study results supported the assertion that nurse practioners considered that they provide their clients with a wide array of coordination, health-promotion, health-education, and counseling services within a nursing framework. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) counseling education health promotion nursing postgraduate education primary health care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS female human methodology normal human questionnaire review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988104325 MEDLINE PMID 3362767 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3362767) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1153 TITLE Selected allied health professionals' self-confidence in health promotion counseling skills and interest in continuing education programs. AUTHOR NAMES Mullen P.D. Holcomb J.D. Fasser C.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mullen P.D.; Holcomb J.D.; Fasser C.E.) School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77225. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.D. Mullen, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston 77225. SOURCE Journal of allied health (1988) 17:2 (123-133). Date of Publication: May 1988 ISSN 0090-7421 ABSTRACT Mail surveys of samples of dental hygienists (n = 90, 36% response), registered dietitians (n = 262, 52% response), and physician assistants (n = 289, 89% response) in Texas and certified nurse midwives (n = 143, 57% response) in the US provided data regarding their confidence that they possess skills and knowledge to counsel patients about selected areas of health promotion (self-efficacy). Also, the surveys gathered information regarding respondents' beliefs that patients will follow through on their recommendations (adherence expectation), and their interest in continuing education programs. Overall, respondents displayed highest self-efficacy with regard to counseling patients about blood pressure and smoking. Confidence was lowest in illicit drug abuse and mental health areas. Certified nurse midwives and physician assistants indicated confidence in many more areas than the other two groups. Respondents consistently expressed less certainty about patient adherence than about their own skills and knowledge. They generally indicated a high degree of interest in continuing education across the several health promotion topics. Modest relationships were observed between self-efficacy and interest in continuing education programs for physician assistants and registered dietitians, indicating that those with greater self-efficacy had a greater interest in building their skills. A similar pattern was observed among physician assistant respondents with respect to adherence expectations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) continuing education counseling health promotion paramedical personnel self evaluation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article clinical competence dental assistant dietetics human hypertension nurse midwife patient compliance physician assistant psychological aspect questionnaire smoking United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2898461 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2898461) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1154 TITLE Psychotropic drug prescriptions for nursing home residents AUTHOR NAMES Burns B.J. Kamerow D.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Burns B.J.; Kamerow D.B.) Primary Care Research Program, Division of Biometry and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Primary Care Research Program, Division of Biometry and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD SOURCE Journal of Family Practice (1988) 26:2 (155-160). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0094-3509 BOOK PUBLISHER Dowden Health Media,Inc, 110 Summit Avenue, Montvale, United States. ABSTRACT Previous work has indicated that psychotropic medications may be misused in nursing homes. Utilizing data from the National Nursing Home Study Pretest, this analysis examined the frequency, indications, and appropriateness of psychotropic drug prescriptions for a random group of 526 US nursing home residents. One third of the sample residents were receiving a psychotropic medication, and 8 percent were receiving more than one. Twenty-one percent of those without a listed mental disorder diagnosis received psychotropic medications, almost one third of which were antipsychotic medications. With no corresponding notation of a related symptom or diagnosis in the chart, 30 percent of 212 psychotropic prescriptions were judged inappropriate by a three-physician panel. Although more research should be done, these results suggest the need for better and more careful charting in nursing homes as well as better training for primary care physicians in the proper prescribing of psychotropic drugs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) psychotropic agent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aged drug abuse nursing home prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS drug therapy human psychological aspect short survey EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988064115 MEDLINE PMID 3339319 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3339319) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1155 TITLE Nurse-identified problems in the management of alcoholic patients AUTHOR NAMES Bartek J.K. Lindeman M. Newton M. Fitzgerald A.P. Hawks J.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bartek J.K.; Lindeman M.; Newton M.; Fitzgerald A.P.; Hawks J.H.) University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, NE 68105 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Nursing, Omaha, NE 68105 SOURCE Journal of Studies on Alcohol (1988) 49:1 (62-70). Date of Publication: 1988 ISSN 0096-882X BOOK PUBLISHER Alcohol Research Documentation Inc., New Brunswick, United States. ABSTRACT The purpose of this exploratory study was (1) to identify and rank the patient problems of hospitalized alcoholics that medical-surgical nurses view as difficult to manage, (2) to identify the factors that contribute to the difficulty in care, (3) to identify interventions used by nurses in an attempt to resolve patient problems and (4) to describe relationships between nurses and the identified patient problems. Subjects (N=83) completed and returned an open-ended questionnaire by listing the physiological and psychosocial patient problems, factors and interventions. Selected demographic and biographic data were also collected. A nursing diagnosis classification described by others served as a basis and was adapted for the nursing diagnosis categories. Nominal data were analyzed using frequency distributions and percentages. The most difficult physiological problems in caring for alcoholic persons were categorized from subjects' responses using the nursing diagnoses of 'potential for injury,' 'alterations in nutrition-elimination' and 'fluid volume deficit.' The nursing diagnosis categories of 'ineffective individual coping,' 'ineffective family coping' and 'noncompliance' comprised the most difficult psychosocial patient problems. A majority of subjects reported having limited classroom and clinical experience with alcoholism; 80% expressed a need for additional inservice education. It is recommended that nursing educational programs include didactic and clinical content about alcoholism, focusing on problem areas identified and on family dynamics, communication, coping strategies and time-management strategies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nurse nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS attitude editorial education human interpersonal communication management normal human organization and management psychological aspect EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988037511 MEDLINE PMID 3347077 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3347077) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1156 TITLE Promoting health among teenagers. AUTHOR NAMES Gillis A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gillis A.) Department of Nursing, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A. Gillis, Department of Nursing, St Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia. SOURCE International nursing review (1988) 35:1 (10-12). Date of Publication: 1988 Jan-Feb ISSN 0020-8132 ABSTRACT The need for health promotion programmes geared to adolescents has never been more acute. Today's youth lives in a "throw away society" characterized by an impermanence of both objects and human relations--which works counter to traditional health values and practices. The result has been a rise in teenage drug-addiction, suicide, abortion, delinquency and alcoholism. How can we make nurses and health services more accessible to adolescents? Below, Angela Gillis describes a model for adolescent health promotion and provides some practical suggestions for dealing more effectively with this age group. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child behavior health promotion nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human methodology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3343085 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3343085) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1157 TITLE Parental alcoholism and adolescent ego identity AUTHOR NAMES Talashek M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Talashek M.L.) Department of Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Department of Public Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612 SOURCE Journal of Community Health Nursing (1987) 4:4 (211-222). Date of Publication: 1987 ISSN 0737-0016 BOOK PUBLISHER Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States. ABSTRACT Using the Eriksonian theory of ego development, this study focused on the ego identity of adolescents with one alcoholic parent. Fifty adolescents with and 87 adolescents without one alcoholic parent were purposively sampled to respond to a 72-item survey questionnaire. Forty-four adolescents with one alcoholic parent were then matched on age, sex, and socioeconomic level and were compared with 44 adolescents in the sample without an alcoholic parent. Adolescents with one alcoholic parent scored significantly lower on ego identity than did those without an alcoholic parent. This difference was particularly evident in younger adolescents. The groups also differed significantly on extended school absences due to illness. No significant differences between groups were observed relative to the personal use of alcohol. Findings from this study point to important assessment and intervention strategies for community and school-based nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence alcoholism ego development parent EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent central nervous system etiology human psychological aspect review social aspect EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987234295 MEDLINE PMID 3694240 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3694240) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327655jchn0404_4 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1158 TITLE Comparison of chemically dependent and nondependent nurses on familial, personal and professional characteristics AUTHOR NAMES Sullivan E.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sullivan E.J.) School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 SOURCE Journal of Studies on Alcohol (1987) 48:6 (563-568). Date of Publication: 1987 ISSN 0096-882X BOOK PUBLISHER Alcohol Research Documentation Inc., New Brunswick, United States. ABSTRACT The characteristics associated with professional impairment due to chemical dependency in nurses are examined. A sample of 139 recovering chemically dependent nurses was compared with a random sample of 384 registered nurses not identified as chemically dependent on familial, personal and professional characteristics. Respondents completed an extensive mailed questionnaire requesting information on demographic variables, family history (past and present), education, employment, medical history, lifestyle characteristics and alcohol- and drug-related behaviors. Significant differences between the two groups were found in gender, familial alcoholism and depression, sexual trauma and functioning, sexual preference, parenthood status, marital history, physical health, depressive illness and alcoholism in spouse. No differences were found in sibling rank, basic nursing education, nursing school class rank, highest educational degree held, academic achievement and length of nursing experience. Recommendations for future study include improved methology, study of recovery variables and longitudinal follow-up of recovering nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS clinical article human preliminary communication psychological aspect social psychology United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988047326 MEDLINE PMID 3682830 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3682830) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1159 TITLE The Arjeplog project: Comprehensive health promotion in a community AUTHOR NAMES Henricson B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Henricson B.) Vard Centralen, Arjeplog, Lapland CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Vard Centralen, Arjeplog, Lapland SOURCE Health Promotion (1987) 2:2 (205-212). Date of Publication: 1987 ISSN 0268-1099 BOOK PUBLISHER Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT The municipality of Arjeplog, Sweden, is an example of extensive and successful community participation in the aims of health promotion. At the health care centre, personnel from diverse departments meet on a regular basis to discuss patient needs and exchange knowledge on medical and social matters. Care groups exist in order to enable specialists to discuss and meet community needs: a psychiatric group, a rehabilitation group, a home care group, a child and family care group, etc. The municipality's resources include an old person's home which runs a day centre. A nursery, adult evening colleges, sports clubs, and services such as Alcoholics Anonymous, all serve as centres for the health promotion movement. Preventing ill health among the elderly and encouraging short-term visits to the centre has resulted in the need for hospital beds remaining steady despite an increase in the number of elderly people in the municipality. Preventive work in the form of health education has taken place in schools and through study circles specially formed by health education leaders. Public lectures have been successful and met with requests for further talks. Visits to the outpatient clinic have dropped by about a quarter. Arjeplog has one of the lowest number of people on the sick list in Sweden and the duration of diseases is lower than average. People are generally aware of what a healthy lifestyle involves and often take measures to prevent ill health. A Health Council has been formed and is to initiate future health work through work groups set up to meet health problems identified collectively. The council is responsible for collecting information and has launched a quarterly journal to which different organizations in the municipality may contribute items concerning health. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community health promotion lifestyle public health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education normal human prevention Sweden EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1988128027 MEDLINE PMID 10287177 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10287177) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1160 TITLE Enhancing cancer pain control regimens through patient education AUTHOR NAMES Rimer B. Levy M.H. Keintz M.K. Fox L. Engstrom P.F. MacElwee N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rimer B.; Levy M.H.; Keintz M.K.; Fox L.; Engstrom P.F.; MacElwee N.) The Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS The Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111 SOURCE Patient Education and Counseling (1987) 10:3 (267-277). Date of Publication: 1987 ISSN 0738-3991 BOOK PUBLISHER Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland. ABSTRACT The problem of cancer-related pain afflicts millions of people annually. The study described here was aimed at improving cancer patients' pain control through a planned patient education program. A randomized clinical trial with a Solomon Four-Group design was used to assess the effectiveness of a patient education intervention consisting of nurse counseling and printed materials. The sample included 230 cancer patients. One month later, patients in the experimental group were more likely to have taken their pain medicine on the correct schedule and to have taken the correct dosage. The experimental group also was significantly less likely to report stopping the medicine when they felt better. In addition, they were significantly less worried about tolerance and addiction to pain medicines. Forty-four percent of the experimental group compared to 24% of the control group reported no or mild pain at the posttest. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) neoplasm pain patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS central nervous system clinical trial controlled study education human methodology psychological aspect randomized controlled trial review EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Cancer (16) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987234368 MEDLINE PMID 10315745 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10315745) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0738-3991(87)90128-5 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1161 TITLE Cigarette smoking among Ethiopian health professionals and students AUTHOR NAMES Zein Z.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Zein Z.A.) Gondar College of Medical Sciences, PO Box 109, Gondar CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Gondar College of Medical Sciences, PO Box 109, Gondar SOURCE New York State Journal of Medicine (1987) 87:8 (433-435). Date of Publication: 1987 ISSN 0028-7628 ABSTRACT The smoking habits of 418 medical and paramedical students and 260 health professionals in Northern Ethiopia were determined using questionnaires developed by the World Health Organization. The rate of smoking was 18.4% among students and 8.9% among health professionals, with a preponderance of male smokers in both groups. There were relatively more physicians and paramedical personnel who smoked than there were nurses who smoked. The rate of smoking among these health care workers is lower than reported among Ethiopian students and teachers, and physicians and nurses in other African countries. However, the association between cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and the use of tranquilizers and Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) is alarming. The establishment of a national antismoking campaign is recommended to address the problems of drug abuse in general, and cigarette smoking in particular. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol tranquilizer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health practitioner medical student smoking EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Catha edulis Ethiopia geographic distribution human priority journal CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987186036 MEDLINE PMID 3477717 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3477717) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1162 TITLE Substance abuse education in schools of nursing: a national survey. AUTHOR NAMES Hoffman A.L. Heinemann M.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hoffman A.L.; Heinemann M.E.) School of Nursing, Department of Psychosocial Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.L. Hoffman, School of Nursing, Department of Psychosocial Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1987) 26:7 (282-287). Date of Publication: Sep 1987 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT A concern whether the expansion of knowledge in substance abuse nursing and the contemporary prevalence of substance use disorders had influenced current educational offerings in schools of nursing provided an impetus for this national survey. The purpose of the study was to obtain information about current curricular offerings in substance abuse by schools of nursing. A total of 1,035 questionnaires were mailed to schools of nursing. Respondents included 336 schools representing a 36% return rate. The sample included 154 baccalaureate (46%), 126 associate degree (38%), and 56 diploma (17%) programs. All but one state (Alaska) of the U.S. were part of the sample. The questionnaire used for this study was adapted from one developed for a survey of alcohol and drug abuse content taught in medical schools (Pokorney & Solomon, 1983). Modifications were limited to placing questions in a nursing context. All responding schools included substance abuse in curricular offerings with the largest number (N = 192; 57%) reporting the teaching of alcohol and drug content in a combined manner. The number of required hours of instruction reported most frequently was one to five (N = 242; 72%), which did not differ significantly for the three types of programs. The relatively small number of required hours of instruction would seem disproportionate to the scope and prevalence of substance abuse problems present in patient populations. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2822872 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2822872) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1163 TITLE Alcoholism nursing: toward a policy perspective. AUTHOR NAMES Scavnicky-Mylant M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Scavnicky-Mylant M.) School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Scavnicky-Mylant, School of Nursing, University of Wyoming, Laramie. SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1987) 26:7 (294-296). Date of Publication: Sep 1987 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Nurses remain relatively uninvolved with the number-one health problem of alcoholism due to ambivalence and/or ignorance. Efforts to change this dilemma have been primarily in the form of passive recommendations. A more direct and powerful action of mandating alcoholism education is suggested. This recommendation successfully meets the major criteria of policy. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accreditation article human nursing standard United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2822874 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2822874) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1164 TITLE Attitudes and knowledge of nursing staff in relation to management of postoperative pain. AUTHOR NAMES Chapman P.J. Ganendran A. Scott R.J. Basford K.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chapman P.J.; Ganendran A.; Scott R.J.; Basford K.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.J. Chapman, SOURCE The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery (1987) 57:7 (447-450). Date of Publication: Jul 1987 ISSN 0004-8682 ABSTRACT The effectiveness of pain control following surgery is notoriously difficult to assess, but objective assessment by nursing staff has been found to correlate reasonably well with subjective patient assessment. A study was designed to investigate the attitudes and knowledge of 86 qualified nursing staff in relation to postoperative pain management. Overall knowledge was sound to a point, but there were some obvious deficiencies in practical application; for example, 25% of staff would wait until a patient was in severe pain before using a prescribed (charted) analgesic. Additionally, almost three-quarters of staff felt that, in general, postoperative patients received adequate pain relief, while the great majority felt that prescription writing could be improved, mainly by improved legibility and clarity of actual instructions. The results suggest that the aim of postoperative pain management--that is, the provision of adequate analgesia--may need to be more strongly defined in nursing education. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS narcotic analgesic agent (drug administration) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health personnel attitude nursing staff postoperative pain EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Australia human nursing opiate addiction (prevention) personnel management prescription questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2886114 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2886114) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1165 TITLE Clinical nurse specialist for substance abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Steffen V.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steffen V.B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V.B. Steffen, SOURCE Ohio nurses review (1987) 62:3 (13-14). Date of Publication: Mar 1987 ISSN 0030-0993 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction nurse nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3645518 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3645518) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1166 TITLE Helping agents' attitudes towards alcohol-related problems: Situations vacant? A test and elaboration of a model AUTHOR NAMES Lightfoot P.J.C. Orford J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lightfoot P.J.C.; Orford J.) Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Exeter EX4 4QG CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Laboratories, Exeter EX4 4QG SOURCE British Journal of Addiction (1986) 81:6 (749-756). Date of Publication: 1986 ISSN 0952-0481 ABSTRACT An elaboration of Cartwright's (1980) model explaining agents' negative attitudes to responding to alcohol-related problems (ARPs) is presented. Rather than Role Support, Experience, Education and Self-esteem per se being seen as the main variables with effect on therapeutic attitude, it is argued that the effects of these factors are best viewed as contingent upon situational influences operating within agents' occupational contexts. An attemp was made to isolate some of these influences by comparing the work situations of 24 Community Psychiatric Nurses (CPNs) and 24 Social Workers. Correlational data suggested that an index of Situational Constraint, although it was not independent of Role Support and Experience, could reliably predict levels of attitudes towards ARPs. It was found that CPNs expressed significantly more positive therapeutic attitudes towards drinkers than either 'long-term' generic, or medical, Social Workers, but were also working under less Situational Constraint. It is concluded that social workers do not attain such deep levels of involvement in ARPs as CPNs owing to their more constraining work environments. They are, therefore, less open to ARP educational events and are less likely to develop role support contacts. Recommendations for future role support provision and training programmes are briefly outlined. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude education nurse self esteem social worker EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult central nervous system human normal human priority journal psychological aspect social aspect therapy United Kingdom EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987070820 MEDLINE PMID 3467774 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3467774) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1167 TITLE Educating the educators on alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Clark M.D. Kachoyeanos M. Twadell A.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Clark M.D.; Kachoyeanos M.; Twadell A.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.D. Clark, SOURCE Nursing success today (1986) 3:12 (21-23). Date of Publication: Dec 1986 ISSN 0743-6726 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3643455 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3643455) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1168 TITLE The constraints of professional-socialization: Nursing student attitudes toward drug abusers AUTHOR NAMES Meiderhoff P. Ray S. Talarchek G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Meiderhoff P.; Ray S.; Talarchek G.) Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298 SOURCE Research Communications in Substances of Abuse (1986) 7:1-2 (70-80). Date of Publication: 1986 ISSN 0193-0818 ABSTRACT Perceptions and attitudes of practitioners toward patients can enhance treatment or interfere with treatment effectiveness. Counter-therapeutic attitudes toward drug abusers are examined among student nurses using Ross and Linn's Scale for the Measurement of Attitudes Toward Drugs (MAD). It is hypothesized that professional socialization is related to counter-therapeutic attitudes among students. Student nurses' attitudes are found to be less punitive than students majoring in the physical sciences, but more punitive than students majoring in other fields. Also, student nurses' attitudes become more punitive if they are educated in a private institution, but remain the same if educated in a public institution. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult attitude human human experiment intoxication medical personnel organization and management prevention psychological aspect questionnaire social aspect United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987045013 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1169 TITLE The young chronic client in mental health today AUTHOR NAMES Brunger J.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brunger J.B.) University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (1986) 21:3 (451-459). Date of Publication: 1986 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Due to the nature of the work with this demanding population, who, in spite of all efforts, demonstrates only minimal changes at best, nurses need aggressive management of their own lives. Burnout is rampant. Work with this type of client is not for everyone. Programs need to offer staff the opportunity to work with these clients only if the staff is capable and desires the challenge. It is necessary to set realistic goals and expectations with clients and to learn to accept tiny changes. Nurses must help the client become more realistic in their expectations of what will be achieved. It is important to note that the therapist may scare the client into regressed behavior by being too hopeful, by pushing them too far too fast, and by allowing them to go too fast. Caution should be taken with respect to encouragement and expectations of normalcy. If goals are too high and the client 'fails', the therapist perceives that he/she is the one who failed. The patient who manages to achieve a level of functioning that enables him to interface with the outside often finds a world that is cold, demanding, and cruel - one that is easier to escape from than to deal with. One must be flexible and accessible to the client - involved with honest detachment. For the nurse therapist to serve this population requires sophistication in the theories of child and adolescent suicide, crisis intervention, aggression management, chemical abuse and use, and the ability to negotiate housing, money, food, services - things which have previously been the domain of others. This young adult chronic population has been called the 'drifters', the transients. In reality, they are no more transient than their counterparts of the same age. They complicate their lives with chemicals as their counterparts do, they struggle toward independence similar to their counterparts, and most of all want to be 'normal' as their counterparts. Problems with this identified population now seem acute, probably because there are more people in the 18- to 35-year age group than ever before. Perhaps as this population ages, we will see less young adult chronic clients. One thing is certain, discovery of this young adult group which has not been institutionalized for long periods contradicts our thoughts that institutions were the cause of chronicity. Just as nurses made many contributions to the care of the long-term institutionalized chronically mentally ill client, so can nurses contribute to the delineation of the characteristics and of interventions and treatment plans for this group: the truly deinstitutionalized. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS central nervous system clinical article human priority journal therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1987000303 MEDLINE PMID 3092191 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3092191) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1170 TITLE Substance misuse training in nursing, psychiatry, and social work AUTHOR NAMES Schlesinger S.E. Barg M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schlesinger S.E.; Barg M.D.) Psychology Service, Veterans Administration, Hines, IL 60141 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Psychology Service, Veterans Administration, Hines, IL 60141 SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1986) 21:4-5 (595-604). Date of Publication: 1986 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT This is a survey of American schools of nursing, psychiatry residency programs, and schools of social work to develop information on the extent to which nurses, psychiatrists, and social workers are prepared in their professional education to identify and treat substance misusers. Results describing nature, format, and extent of training experiences are presented for didactic and patient contact components of programs. Results are discussed in light of the finding that not much time is devoted to substance misuse in the professional preparation of these health care providers. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse drug dependence EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult clinical article education human intoxication nurse psychiatrist social aspect social worker United States vocational education EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1986213755 MEDLINE PMID 3771014 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3771014) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1171 TITLE The previous training and present training needs of nurses in charge of alcohol treatment units and community alcohol teams. AUTHOR NAMES Kennedy J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kennedy J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Kennedy, SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1986) 11:3 (283-288). Date of Publication: May 1986 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to collect information on the educational needs of nurses in charge of alcohol treatment units and community alcohol teams. The sample of all such nurses in England and Wales was asked to complete a postal questionnaire and give information on the training and education they had already received, what further training they needed and brief details about their background and future plans. It was expected that a small proportion of the respondents would have had specialized training and this expectation was borne out. The results do provide evidence of considerable dissatisfaction amongst the group as to the training they receive. It is shown that these nurses wish to develop behavioural and psychotherapeutic skills and that training provided so far has not met these needs. Suggestions are made as to the content of future training events for nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) hospital subdivisions and components mental health service nursing psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult aged article education female human in service training male middle aged nursing education psychotherapy United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3636356 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3636356) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1172 TITLE Nursing and health care in the twentieth century: myth, reality and dichotomy. AUTHOR NAMES Smith J.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith J.P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.P. Smith, SOURCE Journal of advanced nursing (1986) 11:2 (127-132). Date of Publication: Mar 1986 ISSN 0309-2402 ABSTRACT In this Fourth Ruth Langton Memorial Lecture, the author highlights some of the major health problems in children, mentally and physically handicapped people, and in the growing numbers of elderly people in society. Nurses' roles are discussed. He identifies many major areas of concern and points out that many of the afflictions affecting people throughout the world, such as infectious diseases, blindness and malnutrition, could so easily be prevented. The author also focuses on the diseases caused by unhealthy lifestyles, in particular heart disease, cancers, drug addiction and obesity. He argues that a redirection of resources spent on arms and defense could do much to alleviate disease and suffering throughout the world. He also questions the present effectiveness of nursing education programmes and community care programmes. The paper concludes with a challenge to all nurses to explode the myth that society is becoming healthier, to face the reality of the urgent need for more primary health care and health education programmes, and to heal the dichotomy between present nursing and health care provision and the actual health needs of society. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health health status nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS acquired immune deficiency syndrome adult aged Alzheimer disease article child disabled person health care planning human lifestyle mental deficiency mental disease middle aged role playing technology United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 2940278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2940278) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1173 TITLE Educational and clinical perspectives in alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Naegle M.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Naegle M.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.A. Naegle, SOURCE NLN publications (1985) :41-1985 (124-129). Date of Publication: Sep 1985 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article curriculum human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3852208 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3852208) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1174 TITLE The drug user as a parent AUTHOR NAMES Lief N.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lief N.R.) Center for Comprehensive Health Practice, New York Medical College, New York, NY 10029 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Center for Comprehensive Health Practice, New York Medical College, New York, NY 10029 SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1985) 20:1 (63-97). Date of Publication: 1985 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT This paper describes a program developed at New York Medical College and in practice since 1975. Supported by a grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the program deals with the addicted mother or addicted mother-to-be. She is seen as early in her pregnancy as contact can be made, usually by the second trimester. She is then followed throughout the rest of her pregnancy and delivered by a member of the staff at an affiliated hospital. Following delivery she and the child continue to receive medical, social, counseling, and psychiatric services; and in addition, she must attend parenting classes for the next 3 years until the child is in nursery school. The program is called the Pregnant Addicts/Addicted Mothers program and is hereafter referred to as PAAM. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse parent pregnancy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS central nervous system clinical article human intoxication therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1985110355 MEDLINE PMID 3888862 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3888862) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1175 TITLE Factors associated with public health nurses' perceptions of skill in chemical dependency assessment and referral AUTHOR NAMES Reynolds B. Ried L.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Reynolds B.; Ried L.D.) College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota/Minneapolis, MN CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota/Minneapolis, MN SOURCE Journal of Drug Education (1985) 15:1 (23-32). Date of Publication: 1985 ISSN 0047-2379 ABSTRACT A public health nursing agency initiated plans to develop a program to improve nurses' skill in obtaining and evaluating drug-taking behavior and to improve nurses' actual referral behavior. The first step in the development of the program was identification of factors associated with nurses' perception of their assessment skill and their actual referral behavior. Level for formal education and 'personal' experience with chemically dependent, significant others were not associated with nurses' perceptions of assessment skills. Participation in continuing education classes or workshops, years since graduation, and 'working' experience were associated with nurses' perceptions. When joint influences were examined, chemical dependency classes, 'personal' and 'working' experience and years since graduation were all shown to have independent effects upon nurses' rates of referral. The predictor variables accounted for 41 percent of the variance in the perception of skill model and 22 percent of the referral rate model. It is concluded that in addition to chemical dependency classes, experiential training is needed in the training of public health nurses. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence health education nurse public health EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS diagnosis education experience human organization and management social aspect theoretical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1985097283 MEDLINE PMID 4020586 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4020586) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1176 TITLE Chemical dependency: nursing faculty and students are not immune. AUTHOR NAMES Griffin J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Griffin J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Griffin, SOURCE Deans Notes (1985) 6:5 (1-3). Date of Publication: May 1985 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (rehabilitation) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human licensing social behavior LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3845851 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3845851) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1177 TITLE Drug use and misuse in chronic pain patients AUTHOR NAMES Sammons E.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sammons E.E.) Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University Pain Control Center, Atlanta, GA 30322 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University Pain Control Center, Atlanta, GA 30322 SOURCE Clinics in Anaesthesiology (1985) 3:1 (169-181). Date of Publication: 1985 ISSN 0261-9881 ABSTRACT Narcotic and tranquillizer abuse is extremely common in chronic pain patients and continued drug use is an insurmountable barrier to adequate pain rehabilitation. Proper drug use assessment and withdrawal techniques are essential, and some patients should be hospitalized for safe withdrawal. Proper education of the nursing staff is essential for adequate detoxification management. Alternative techniques for pain control provide an invaluable support during the very difficult time of drug withdrawal for the patient. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acetylsalicylic acid alcohol alprazolam amitriptyline barbituric acid derivative bromine derivative butorphanol caffeine carbamazepine carisoprodol chloral hydrate chlordiazepoxide chlorpromazine clorazepate codeine corticosteroid cyclobenzaprine dextropropoxyphene dextropropoxyphene napsilate dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol diazepam doxepin flurazepam hydromorphone lorazepam methadone methocarbamol morphine nalbuphine naloxone narcotic analgesic agent oxazepam oxycodone paracetamol pentazocine pethidine phenacetin phenobarbital phenytoin prazepam salsalate temazepam tranquilizer triazolam tricyclic antidepressant agent EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS darvacet unclassified drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adverse drug reaction chronic pain drug abuse drug comparison drug overdose drug withdrawal neurotoxicity withdrawal syndrome EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS central nervous system human intoxication nervous system short survey therapy DRUG TRADE NAMES aspirin darvacet disalcid distalgesic nubain talwin CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1) alcohol (64-17-5) alprazolam (28981-97-7) amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8) butorphanol (42408-82-2) caffeine (30388-07-9, 58-08-2) carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5) carisoprodol (78-44-4) chloral hydrate (302-17-0) chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3) chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0) clorazepate (20432-69-3, 23887-31-2) codeine (76-57-3) cyclobenzaprine (303-53-7, 6202-23-9) dextropropoxyphene napsilate (17140-78-2) dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol (39400-85-6) dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5) diazepam (439-14-5) doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5) flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1) hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1) lorazepam (846-49-1) methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3) methocarbamol (532-03-6) morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2) nalbuphine (20594-83-6, 23277-43-2) naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6) oxazepam (604-75-1) oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6) paracetamol (103-90-2) pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3) pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1) phenacetin (62-44-2) phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0) phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3) prazepam (2955-38-6) salsalate (552-94-3) temazepam (846-50-4) triazolam (28911-01-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Neurology and Neurosurgery (8) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Adverse Reactions Titles (38) Drug Literature Index (37) Psychiatry (32) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30) Anesthesiology (24) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1985066320 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1178 TITLE Pre-professional and substance abuse: how are nursing educators handling the problem? AUTHOR NAMES Sheverbush J. Kerle D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sheverbush J.; Kerle D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Sheverbush, SOURCE The Kansas nurse (1985) 60:4 (16). Date of Publication: Apr 1985 ISSN 0022-8710 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human patient referral LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3846001 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3846001) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1179 TITLE Impairment and the student of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Haack M.R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haack M.R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Haack, SOURCE Imprint (1985) 32:3 (61-62). Date of Publication: 1985 Apr-May ISSN 0019-3062 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction mental stress nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article drinking behavior human psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 3845050 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3845050) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1180 TITLE Drinking patterns among student nurses AUTHOR NAMES Haack M.R. Harford T.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haack M.R.; Harford T.C.) University of Illinois at the Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS University of Illinois at the Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1984) 19:5 (577-583). Date of Publication: 1984 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT The present study examined the use of alcohol among student nurses in a senior class of a college of nursing. A majority of the students indicated a stable pattern of alcohol use, and 13% reported alcohol-related problems either at school or at work. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult central nervous system clinical article human intoxication CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1984238688 MEDLINE PMID 6333400 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6333400) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1181 TITLE Attitude change and a prison health care experience. AUTHOR NAMES Werlin E.L. O'Brien E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Werlin E.L.; O'Brien E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.L. Werlin, SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1984) 23:9 (393-397). Date of Publication: Nov 1984 ISSN 0148-4834 ABSTRACT Nursing in a prison setting has recently emerged as a field of concern. One of the issues in staff working with prisoners is attitudes and attitude change. Since the most favorable site for attitude formation and/or change is a student's educational experience, the present study was undertaken to explore if nursing students who have a clinical experience with prisoners will demonstrate a change toward more favorable attitudes toward prisoners. The research design was a pre-test, post-test control group design. The instrument was a Likert scale, adapted from previously developed scales dealing with attitudes toward prisoners, the mentally ill, and drug addicts. An important control was contained in the instrument, in that not only were there statements dealing with prisoners, but also dealing with the mentally ill and addicts, with whom none of the students would have student clinical experience. The results revealed that there was no significant difference in attitudes toward prisoners, drug addicts, and the mentally ill on the pre-test for either experimental or control group. However, on the post-test, there was a significantly lower (more positive) score on the scale for prisoners for the experimental group, who had a prison clinical experience. This finding suggests that attitudes can be favorably altered by a relevant student clinical experience. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude nursing student prisoner EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article epidemiology human juvenile delinquency mental disease primary health care psychologic test psychological aspect LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6094767 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6094767) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1182 TITLE The phenomenon, the explanations and the responses: metaphors surrounding diabetes in urban Canadian Indians. AUTHOR NAMES Hagey R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hagey R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Hagey, SOURCE Social science & medicine (1982) (1984) 18:3 (265-272). Date of Publication: 1984 ISSN 0277-9536 ABSTRACT Type II Diabetes is a growing problem among Indian people in Canada. Ojibway and Cree leaders in Toronto collaborated with the University of Toronto, Faculty of Nursing, to develop the Native Diabetes Program. A key to the success of the program was seen by Natives to be the story 'Nanabush and the Pale Stranger', which seemed to put into perspective the nature of diabetes as a phenomenon. It provided explanations for it and answered numerous questions (non-biological) associated with the disease and indicated appropriate coping strategies. Yet formal methods of analyzing the story would not reveal its benefit as there is no explicit reference to many of the questions it implicitly answers. Metaphoric relationships are illuminated which may provide an underlying rationality to the narrative. Cultural expression is advocated as a source of making meaningful and tolerable that which is feared and avoided; of generating metaphors which make health information understandable and useful, by providing resolution to conflicting systems of belief. Information does not come in discreet ingestible particles of fact. All information is a sort of propaganda in that it is tied to deeper meaning structures. Clinicians are architects of meaning construction. Clinical research and practice requires a knowledge of the folk and professional construction of meaning around so-called factual information. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) American Indian ethnic group non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (epidemiology, etiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article Canada health service human language urban population LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6701570 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6701570) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1183 TITLE RCN calls for specialist nurses in each DHA. College evidence to inquiry on misuse of drugs. AUTHOR NAMES Ellis S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ellis S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Ellis, SOURCE Nursing standard : official newspaper of the Royal College of Nursing (1984) :382 (3). Date of Publication: 31 Jan 1984 ISSN 0029-6570 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction community health nursing nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human organization and management United Kingdom LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6569998 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6569998) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1184 TITLE Education: alcohol dependency nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Duncan S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Duncan S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S. Duncan, SOURCE Nursing mirror (1983) 157:25 (50). Date of Publication: 1983 Dec 21-28 ISSN 0029-6511 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6558662 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6558662) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1185 TITLE Substance abuse: Alcohol and drugs during adolescence AUTHOR NAMES Pallikkathayil L. Tweed S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Pallikkathayil L.; Tweed S.) Sch. Nurs., Univ. Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66103 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Sch. Nurs., Univ. Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66103 SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (1983) 18:2 (313-321). Date of Publication: 1983 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Adolescent substance abuse is a problem of great magnitude. It inhibits the individual's potential for total growth and achievement or fulfillment. It further strains family communications and relationships. Society at large suffers the negative consequences of adolescent abuse. This problem of adolescent substance abuse has attracted the attention of varied professions. Nursing is one among them. Nurses in their different educational backgrounds and in their unique roles in varied settings can contribute much to the prevention and intervention efforts of substance abuse among adolescents. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence drug abuse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent central nervous system etiology human nursing psychological aspect symposium therapy CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Psychiatry (32) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1983173106 MEDLINE PMID 6552543 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6552543) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1186 TITLE Drug awareness: a school nurse role. AUTHOR NAMES Parcell J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Parcell J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Parcell, SOURCE Texas nursing (1983) 57:2 (12). Date of Publication: Feb 1983 ISSN 0095-036X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (prevention) school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article child health education human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6401020 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6401020) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1187 TITLE The student has a problem: whose responsibility. AUTHOR NAMES O'Leary P.M. Solari-Twadell P.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (O'Leary P.M.; Solari-Twadell P.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.M. O'Leary, SOURCE Nurse Educators Opportunities And Innovations (1983) (1-2, 4). Date of Publication: Jan 1983 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human social behavior LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6551755 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6551755) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1188 TITLE Training health professionals in substance abuse: A review AUTHOR NAMES Ewan C.E. Whaite A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ewan C.E.; Whaite A.) Univ. New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2033 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Univ. New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2033 SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1982) 17:7 (1211-1229). Date of Publication: 1982 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT Alcohol- and drug-related problems are a major component of the work of health professionals. Most professionals are inadequately trained to handle the problems they will confront in this field. The need for training in aspects of substance abuse is widely accepted. This paper is a review of reports of such training programs in English-speaking countries. The programs have been reviewed in four categories: (1) courses for practitioners and teachers of health professionals, (2) courses for medical students, (3) courses for nurses and nursing students, and (4) courses for other health professionals. Many programs have achieved their objectives, but documentation for many of them is insufficient to provide guidance for future program development. In general, knowledge gain is easily demonstrated, but changes in attitudes and skills require special conditions in training. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse health care medical personnel EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS education human normal human short survey therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1983007149 MEDLINE PMID 6757156 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6757156) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1189 TITLE Mexico's San Rafael community mental health center: Six years of progress AUTHOR NAMES Calderon G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Calderon G.) San Rafael Community Ment. Health Cent., Tlalpan, Mexico, D.F. 14000 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS San Rafael Community Ment. Health Cent., Tlalpan, Mexico, D.F. 14000 SOURCE Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization (1982) 16:1 (17-27). Date of Publication: 1982 ISSN 0085-4638 ABSTRACT In 1974 Mexico undertook a substantial pilot mental health program in the Federal District subdivision of Tlalpan. The program sought to incorporate mental health activities into the field of public health by establishing appropriate coordination between academic institutions, government agencies, and private organizations. Facilities for the program's headquarters were made available by the private San Rafael Clinic, a 200 bed hospital in Tlalpan. No specific funding was provided for this program, because it was felt that starting with minimal resources would make it more adaptable to other developing areas where resources are very scarce. To help gain the attention of appropriate institutions, a course in community mental health work was conducted for representatives of institutions likely to be interested in the program; and through this and other means the collaboration of many institutions was obtained. By mid-1980 the program's activities were being coordinated with a wide range of academic institutions (including both local schools in the Tlalpan area and universities training mental health professionals outside Tlalpan), health services, and civic organizations. Employing supervised students of medicine, psychology, nursing, and social work, the program has conducted some eight community projects directed at primary prevention of mental health problems. These projects, operating through community meetings, have dealt with the following subjects: the program's overall objectives, sex education, behavior and learning problems, alcoholism, drug dependence, adolescence, human relations, and epilepsy. These projects, especially the sex education and behavior and learning problem projects, have produced marked positive results. The projects have also made it possible to detect many mental health problems early and to provide treatment through consultations at the program's San Rafael Center. Overall, between mid-1975 and the end of 1980 the center provided over 17,000 such consultations, all virtually free of charge. The center also initiated a two-year course of psychotherapy, through which university-trained mental health professionals received training in this field and provided free care for patients in the community. Overall, these and other students, together with a number of graduate psychiatrists and psychologists, provided more than 5,500 psychotherapeutic treatments for adults, children, families, or groups in 1976-1980. Again, fees for these services were kept extremely low. The center has also participated in a three-country study of community responses to alcohol-related problems sponsored by the World Health Organization. This undertaking was especially notable because previous Mexican research into psychiatry and social psychology problems had been limited. In general, the program has made extensive use of teaching and training activities to attract mental health students, who in turn have contributed in a wide range of ways to the improvement of community mental health. The marked success achieved to date suggests this experience could provide a worthwhile model for other countries and regions where community mental health needs are great and resources are very limited. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) community mental health mental health center EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS geographic distribution Mexico psychological aspect short survey therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1982185396 MEDLINE PMID 7074253 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7074253) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1190 TITLE The influence of music on psychiatric patients' immediate attitude change toward therapists. AUTHOR NAMES Kahans D. Calford M.B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kahans D.; Calford M.B.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D. Kahans, SOURCE Journal of music therapy (1982) 19:3 (179-187). Date of Publication: 1982 Fall ISSN 0022-2917 ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to establish that in an audience situation, music may facilitate an immediate attitude change toward a therapist by patients. To determine the characteristics of such a change, recorded (popular and classical) and live (cello) music was employed. A semantic differential was used to measure attitude change by psychiatric inpatients and control subjects (medical students and student nurses). Significant attitude change were found when the music presented was the preference of the therapist and when this preference was conveyed to the audience. Patient breakdown into diagnostic categories also showed that patients with affective or alcoholic disorders showed significantly larger attitude change than the controls. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive consistency theories of attitude change, concluding that maximal attitude change toward a therapist occurs under conditions in which the therapist presents new aspects of behavior (in terms of previous exposure) to the patients. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) human relation music therapy psychotherapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS analysis of variance article attitude human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10256728 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10256728) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1191 TITLE Medical, nursing, and pharmacy students' attitudes towards alcoholism in Queensland, Australia AUTHOR NAMES Engs R.C. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Engs R.C.) Dep. Hlth Safety Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Dep. Hlth Safety Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405 SOURCE Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (1982) 6:2 (225-229). Date of Publication: 1982 ISSN 0145-6008 ABSTRACT On the whole, the medical, nursing, and pharmacy students in this sample had more negative feelings towards alcoholics and the cause of alcoholism compared to the American students who were the norm for the instrument. Medical and pharmacy students were less apt to ascribe a psychological etiology to alcoholism and all groups were more socially rejecting and less humanistic towards the alcoholic compared to the norm. They also felt that alcoholism was more of a moral weakness and less of physical-genetic problem compared to the norm. Though the differences were statistically significant for most of the groups, they were under one scale point which might not have practical significance in terms of interaction on the part of these individuals with alcoholic persons. However, the results could indicate hat these students have attitudes towards alcoholics which could cause them problems with referrals and treatment interactions in their professional capacity. It was interesting that no significant differences between the different courses of study was found. This appears to be contrary to other reports from other countries. Perhaps medical-related students in Australia are more homogeneous due to similar backgrounds arising from living in a small country with less divergent ethnic backgrounds compared to larger nations. Final year students tended to be more negativistic on several scales compared to first year students which appears to support other studies which have also reported that students become more negativistic towards alcohol-dependent persons as they go through their course of study. Last year medical and nursing students were less likely to see alcoholism as having a physical-genetic basis, and last year medical students were less apt to view it as a treatable illness compared to the first year students in these groups. However, pharmacy students in their final year of school were more apt to envision alcoholism as a psychological problem, and final year medical students less likely to view alcoholism as a moral weakness. There was no change for any group on being less socially rejecting or more humanistic towards alcoholic persons due to the existing course curriculum for individuals in their last year of study. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS central nervous system normal human EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1982147168 MEDLINE PMID 7048975 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7048975) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1192 TITLE Alcohol education for nurses. AUTHOR NAMES Smith-DiJulio K. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Smith-DiJulio K.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K. Smith-DiJulio, SOURCE Alcohol health and research world (1981) 5:3 (68-71). Date of Publication: 1981 Spring ISSN 0090-838X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health personnel attitude human psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10251678 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10251678) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1193 TITLE Education of nurses to recognise problem drinkers. AUTHOR NAMES Thornton L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Thornton L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L. Thornton, SOURCE The New Zealand nursing journal. Kai tiaki (1981) 74:2 (9, 36). Date of Publication: Feb 1981 ISSN 0028-8535 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) nursing assessment nursing process EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article counseling human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6941117 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6941117) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1194 TITLE Teaching drug promotion abuses to health profession students AUTHOR NAMES Palmisano P. Edelstein J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Palmisano P.; Edelstein J.) Univ. Alabama Sch. Med., Birmingham, Ala. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Univ. Alabama Sch. Med., Birmingham, Ala. SOURCE Journal of Medical Education (1980) 55:5 (453-455). Date of Publication: 1980 ISSN 0022-2577 ABSTRACT Over the past 10 years a series of seminars on prescription drug promotion have been conducted for medical students, dental students, and pediatric residents at the University of Alabama Medical Center by one of the authors (PP). More recently, these seminars have been incorporated into both the core curriculum and continuing education programs for family planning nurse practitioners in a California pilot program through which they are trained and certified to prescribe formulary drugs and devices. The format is designed to dramatize the practitioner-media interaction with particular emphasis on potential conflicts of interest. A special attitude pretest was recently introduced as a teaching instrument. The purpose of this communication is to outline the seminar content with special stress on the remarkable results of the attitude pretest. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical student paramedical education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS economic aspect methodology EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1980221793 MEDLINE PMID 7381888 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7381888) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1195 TITLE Use of the adolescent peer group to increase the self-care agency of adolescent alcohol abusers AUTHOR NAMES Michael M.M. Sewall K.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Michael M.M.; Sewall K.S.) Dept. Nurs. George Mason Univ., Fairfax, Va. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Dept. Nurs. George Mason Univ., Fairfax, Va. SOURCE Nursing Clinics of North America (1980) 15:1 (157-176). Date of Publication: 1980 ISSN 0029-6465 ABSTRACT Use of the peer group based on reality therapy was an effective modality for increasing the self-care agency of selected adolescents. The focus of the group was to change behavior and was oriented to the present. (Present orientation is a crucial component of reality therapy and must be continually reassessed to maintain the focus of the group). Adolescents can and do respond in this re-educative group, learning responsible behavior. Nurses have a major responsibility in the teaching-learning process. In fact, teaching is an especially useful method of assistance available to nurses in group work. The adolescent group serves as an instrument for teaching, a support system, and an agent of change. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence alcoholism self care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent central nervous system therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1980209464 MEDLINE PMID 6899200 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6899200) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1196 TITLE Alcohol education program: a benefit for you. AUTHOR NAMES Redding W.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Redding W.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.L. Redding, SOURCE The Oklahoma nurse (1980) 25:9 (3). Date of Publication: Nov 1980 ISSN 0030-1787 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) nursing education patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6904938 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6904938) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1197 TITLE A survey of the abuse of medicines and illicit drugs by Finnish students AUTHOR NAMES Kopteff P.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kopteff P.J.) Dept. Publ. Hlth Sci., Univ. Turku, SF-20520 Turku 52 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Dept. Publ. Hlth Sci., Univ. Turku, SF-20520 Turku 52 SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1980) 15:2 (269-275). Date of Publication: 1980 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT The purpose of the investigation was to determine the extent of the abuse of medicines (sedatives, hypnotics, and analgesics) and illicit drugs (cannabis, LSD, and amphetamine) among Finnish students. The information was collected from a sample representing a population of approximately 6,400 Finnish students. The population was divided into three groups: university students, nursing students, and drama students. Abuse of medicines and illicit drugs was highest throughout among drama students. Illicit drugs were less widely abused among Finnish university students than among students in the United States. As in the United States, cannabis is the illicit drug most commonly taken by Finnish students. Five percent of Finnish university students had taken illicit drugs. Among Finnish drama students, the rate was 38%. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse pattern student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS epidemiology geographic distribution major clinical study nervous system EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1980138272 MEDLINE PMID 7399757 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7399757) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1198 TITLE Alcohol education: early case identification--the profit of an accurate nursing assessment. AUTHOR NAMES McMillen M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (McMillen M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. McMillen, SOURCE The Oklahoma nurse (1980) 25:1 (8). Date of Publication: 1980 Jan-Feb ISSN 0030-1787 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (diagnosis) health education nursing assessment nursing process EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human patient education LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6898301 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6898301) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1199 TITLE Changing nursing students' attitudes toward alcoholic patients: examining effects of a clinical practicum. AUTHOR NAMES Harlow P.E. Goby M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Harlow P.E.; Goby M.J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.E. Harlow, SOURCE Nursing research (1980) 29:1 (59-60). Date of Publication: 1980 Jan-Feb ISSN 0029-6562 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (epidemiology) nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study curriculum evaluation study health personnel attitude human nursing nursing education psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 6898036 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6898036) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1200 TITLE Reducing abuse potential and controlled drug management AUTHOR NAMES Ward C.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ward C.F.) Dept. Anesth., Univ. California, San Diego, Calif. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Dept. Anesth., Univ. California, San Diego, Calif. SOURCE Anesthesiology (1979) 51:3 SUPPL (S347). Date of Publication: 1979 ISSN 0003-3022 ABSTRACT A new solution to the problem of dispensing controlled drugs to residents and nurse anesthetists was arrived at in the UCSD Hospital in October 1978. Prior to that date, the resident/CRNA who gave the anesthetic obtained the drugs, filled out the narcotic log, gave the drugs, returned unopened ampules (with a note in the narcotic log) and wasted the remains of opened ampules. This system presented numerous deficiencies, led to poor record keeping and presented a drug abuse potential because of the lack of accountability and the attitude that this was a matter of minimal significance. Therefore, a system was evolved to correct this, cost analysis of the system performed, and the impact on anesthetic practice of increased restriction on the use of narcotics examined. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) anesthesia drug abuse drug control prescription EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS prevention EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Anesthesiology (24) Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1980024242 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1201 TITLE Student learning following an educational experience at an alcohol Rehabilitation Centre in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. AUTHOR NAMES Sorgen L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Sorgen L.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.M. Sorgen, SOURCE International journal of nursing studies (1979) 16:1 (41-50). Date of Publication: 1979 ISSN 0020-7489 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) learning nursing education nursing student rehabilitation center EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article Canada evaluation study female health personnel attitude human male nurse patient relationship nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 254655 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/254655) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1202 TITLE Nursing students' social acceptance of recovered alcoholics. AUTHOR NAMES Estes N.J. Gurel M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Estes N.J.; Gurel M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS N.J. Estes, SOURCE Alcohol health and research world (1979) 3:4 (31-32). Date of Publication: 1979 Summer ISSN 0090-838X EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nurse patient relationship nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health personnel attitude human nursing psychological aspect United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 10242433 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10242433) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1203 TITLE Children of alcoholic parents: a neglected issue. AUTHOR NAMES Triplett J.L. Arneson S.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Triplett J.L.; Arneson S.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.L. Triplett, SOURCE The Journal of school health (1978) 48:10 (596-599). Date of Publication: Dec 1978 ISSN 0022-4391 ABSTRACT Little attention has been focused on the children of alcoholic families, and the few studies that have been conducted indicate that these children are at grave risk for developing long-lasting psychosocial and educational problems. Their self-esteem suffers as a result of constant conflict, inconsistency, and role confusion in the home, and it is also known that academic performance and the ability to develop positive peer relationships are also greatly affected. In an effort to determine the scope of this problem, 51 Iowa school nurses attending an Annual School Nurse Conference were queried about: a) their awareness of the problem, b) who should be responsible for intervening with these children, and c) what the role of the school nurse is in working with these youngsters. Based on their responses as well as findings in the literature, suggestions regarding appropriate nursing interventions are offered. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism child welfare parent school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article child counseling human patient referral self concept United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 252584 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/252584) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1204 TITLE The alcoholism nurse specialist. AUTHOR NAMES Cote W. Roche M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cote W.; Roche M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W. Cote, SOURCE Supervisor nurse (1978) 9:12 (24-31). Date of Publication: Dec 1978 ISSN 0039-5870 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing discipline patient education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aftercare article human nursing patient care planning United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 214875 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214875) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1205 TITLE The knowledge, attitudes, and experience of medical personnel treating pain in the terminally ill AUTHOR NAMES Charap A.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Charap A.D.) Dept. Surg., Mount Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, N.Y. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Dept. Surg., Mount Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, N.Y. SOURCE Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine (1978) 45:4 (561-580). Date of Publication: 1978 ISSN 0027-2507 ABSTRACT A multiple choice, true/false survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and experience of medical personnel engaged in the care of the terminally ill. The questionnaire focused on the management of pain by narcotic analgesics, especially the use of newer modalities of pharmacotherapy. Surgical residents, Fellows in Neoplastic Disease and Senior Clinical Nurses made up the sample population. The results indicated a lack of knowledge of not only the newer methods of pain management, but also of the fundamental principles governing analgesic therapy. Physicians and nurses overestimated the risks and dangers of physical dependence and addiction. They, however, assessed themselves as having sufficient knowledge, with the assistance of senior staff, to deal with most problems of terminal care. Surgical residents and nurses, in response to 'attitude' questions, indicated that they believed that most patients are over- rather than under-medicated. Although their aim in pain management was to provide complete or near complete analgesia and they recognised the role of anxiety in pain, their approach to analgesic therapy indicated a lack of knowledge of strategies to minimize anxiety, thus preventing them from providing optimal pain relief. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) chronic pain neoplasm terminal care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Gerontology and Geriatrics (20) Anesthesiology (24) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1979039299 MEDLINE PMID 81466 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/81466) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1206 TITLE Planning staff development: theory X, or theory Y? AUTHOR NAMES Bille D.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bille D.A.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.A. Bille, SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1978) 9:6 (10-15). Date of Publication: 1978 Nov-Dec ISSN 0022-0124 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism in service training motivation nursing staff EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article education human nursing patient care planning theoretical model LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 251181 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/251181) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1207 TITLE Treating the alcoholic: a psychoeducational approach. AUTHOR NAMES Vansanten R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vansanten R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R. Vansanten, SOURCE The Canadian journal of psychiatric nursing (1978) 19:5 (10-12). Date of Publication: 1978 Sep-Oct ISSN 0008-4247 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (therapy) patient education psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human psychotherapy LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 250439 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/250439) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1208 TITLE The continuing education needs of licensed practical nurses in Minnesota AUTHOR NAMES Morrison L.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Morrison L.S.) Brigham Young Univ., Provo, Ut. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Brigham Young Univ., Provo, Ut. SOURCE Abstracts of Hospital Management Studies (1978) 14:3 (18646NU). Date of Publication: 1978 ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the continuing education needs of the licensed practical nurses in Minnesota as those needs were perceived by licensed practical nurses and directors of nursing of hospitals and nursing homes and to identify the differences, if any, between the perceptions of the licensed practical nurse and the director of nursing regarding the primary purpose of continuing education for the licensed practical nurse in educational institutions. Questionnaires were sent to 784 licensed practical nurses, to 190 directors of nursing of hospitals, and to 369 directors of nursing of nursing homes. The continuing education needs of licensed practical nurses in Minnesota included the following areas: Death and Dying, Myocardial Infarction-Cardiovascular, Chemical Dependency, Patient Education, Drug Interactions, Aging Process, Chronic Illness and Chronic Brain Syndrome. The preferred presentation form was the workshop with content emphasis on psycho-social concepts. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS economic aspect psychological aspect United States EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1978316157 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1209 TITLE Continuing education about alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Cooper S.S. Murphy J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Cooper S.S.; Murphy J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS S.S. Cooper, SOURCE Journal of continuing education in nursing (1978) 9:2 (14-18). Date of Publication: 1978 Mar-Apr ISSN 0022-0124 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nurse patient relationship nursing personnel management LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 246871 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/246871) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1210 TITLE JBCNS course number 620 in alcohol dependency nursing AUTHOR NAMES Speight I.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Speight I.M.) Joint Board Clin. Nurs. Studies, London CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Joint Board Clin. Nurs. Studies, London SOURCE British Journal on Alcohol and Alcoholism (1977) 12:4 (152-160). Date of Publication: 1977 ISSN 0309-1635 ABSTRACT Legal background, aims and organization of a training course for alcohol dependency nursing students in the UK are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS geographic distribution legal aspect United Kingdom EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1978271252 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1211 TITLE Differences in attitudes toward alcoholism in graduates of two schools of nursing. AUTHOR NAMES Gurel M. Spain M.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gurel M.; Spain M.D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Gurel, SOURCE Psychological reports (1977) 41:3 pt. 2 (1285-1286). Date of Publication: Dec 1977 ISSN 0033-2941 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health personnel attitude nursing education religion EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article comparative study human nursing LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 601159 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/601159) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1212 TITLE Selected characteristics of nursing students who study alcoholism AUTHOR NAMES Gurel M. Livingston C. Estes N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gurel M.; Livingston C.; Estes N.) Univ. Washington Sch. Nurs., Seattle, Wash. 98195 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Univ. Washington Sch. Nurs., Seattle, Wash. 98195 SOURCE British Journal of Addiction (1977) 72:3 (235-240). Date of Publication: 1977 ISSN 0952-0481 ABSTRACT Trainees enrolled in the alcoholism nursing program were found to have a higher percentage of person(s) close to them with alcohol problems than a control group. These close personal relationships influenced the trainees decision to seek education about alcoholism. The majority of the trainees who had a close relationship with an alcoholic person indicated that their primary reason for enrolling in the alcoholism nursing program was their lack of knowledge about alcoholism. For those trainees not influenced by such experiences the primary reason for enrollment in the alcoholism nursing program was almost equally divided between lack of alcoholism knowledge in their education and availability of funds. In assessing the attitudes of trainees and the control group who had a close relationship with persons who had alcohol problems, it was found that in all instances but 1, the scores on the 5 factors of the Alcoholism Questionnaire and 2 additional items were more positive toward alcoholism for trainees at the beginning of their alcoholism nursing program than for the control group. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude motivation nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS major clinical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1978196749 MEDLINE PMID 270364 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/270364) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1213 TITLE Problems of children of school age (14-18 years) AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE (1977) (ICP/MCH 010 45p). Date of Publication: 1977 ABSTRACT Because of the normal dysjunction between chronological age and biological, psychological and social age found during this age period it is important to teach the principles of adolescent growth and development to children (prior to their puberty) and to all those involved with adolescents (parents, teachers, nurses, physicians, social workers, etc.). For the same reason it is important to use developmental age rather than chronological age as far as possible in evaluating teenagers. More information is needed on sexual development and sexuality during adolescence. More studies are needed on adolescent pregnancy, abortion, childbirth, and parenthood. The nutritional needs of adolescence are important but poorly understood. Each country must determine the characteristics of smoking, alcohol abuse and drug abuse among adolescents in its national territory and then develop its own programmes to combat these problems based on its own information. As teenage suicide is increasing in most of the European Region, each country needs adolescent suicide prevention and treatment services. Occupational health programmes for adolescents need to be broadly based and should aim at the optimum suitability of jobs and the best vocational satisfaction. The role of the school in adolescence is in need of reassessment, including its role in preparation for a vocation, its role in preparation for family life, and its relationship to substance abuse, juvenile delinquency and suicide. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescence delinquency drug abuse family physiology pregnancy school sexual behavior suicide vocation EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abstract report adolescent normal human EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1978321749 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1214 TITLE Nursing students in a juvenile court system. AUTHOR NAMES Chesnay M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chesnay M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Chesnay, SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1977) 16:2 (19-23). Date of Publication: Feb 1977 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) forensic psychiatry juvenile delinquency psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent alcoholism article counseling curriculum education evaluation study human nursing rehabilitation social control United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14228 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14228) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1215 TITLE Teen-age alcohol abuse. AUTHOR NAMES Bragg T.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Bragg T.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS T.L. Bragg, SOURCE Journal of psychiatric nursing and mental health services (1976) 14:12 (10-18). Date of Publication: Dec 1976 ISSN 0360-5973 ABSTRACT In summary, we have seen that there isn't sufficient data available to properly assess this problem, but from what exists we are fairly sure that teen-age alcohol abuse is on the rise. We have also noted that there are many area agencies for alcoholics, but that there is not much coordinated effort, and essentially none for teen-agers. This is probably due to its being a relatively new trend and that many people are apparently refusing to admit that it exists. Also covered were possible causes for this new problem and the various roles of nurses in prevention. These include school nurses, public health nurses, and others in community and state politics, promotion of new educational methods, family teaching both at home and in the hospital, new responsibilities of the school nurse, and research. These are challenging roles, but also very important considering that these teen-agers who are flirting with trouble today will be rearing families and defining social behavior tomorrow. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) adolescent alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article attitude drinking behavior human parent peer group social change United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 186593 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/186593) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1216 TITLE Report of the Eighty first Session, Canberra, October, 1975 AUTHOR ADDRESSES SOURCE NAT.HLTH MRC SPEC.REP.SER. (1976) No. 81. Date of Publication: 1976 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) antibiotic agent food additive hormone pesticide poison EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) acupuncture Aedes aegypti agriculture alcoholism child health care communicable disease dental health environmental health health economics health program indigenous people maternal welfare medical education medical research mental health microbiology nursing nutritional health occupational health radiation smoking standardization statistics traffic injury EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS arthropod child injury microorganism prevention EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1977186242 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1217 TITLE An alcoholism training program: its effect on trainees and faculty. AUTHOR NAMES Gurel M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gurel M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Gurel, SOURCE Nursing research (1976) 25:2 (127-132). Date of Publication: 1976 Mar-Apr ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT Evaluation of the effect of a three-year specialized training program in alcoholism on opinions and attitudes of trainees and faculty members at the University of Washington School of Nursing showed that the program influenced both trainees and faculty in a positive direction. Trainees were found to be more accepting of alcoholism as a disease and an increasing number of faculty believed alcoholism-related courses should be a part of the curriculum. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS animal article attitude curriculum dog evaluation study human United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1045241 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1045241) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1218 TITLE The occupational health nurse's role in the corporate alcoholism program. AUTHOR NAMES Guida M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Guida M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M. Guida, SOURCE Occupational health nursing (1976) 24:3 (22-24). Date of Publication: Mar 1976 ISSN 0029-7933 ABSTRACT The problem of alcohol abuse among the nation's employees takes its toll in countless ways -- in absenteeism, lost productivity, increased utilization of health benefits and eventual loss of the employee's services. In all cases both the employee and the employer lose. Like most other health professionals, nurses have received little education in the care and treatment of persons suffering with alcoholism or alcohol-related problems. But with the appropriate training and the total commitment of her company, she can be in a unique position to offer assistance to the alcoholic employee. The seriousness of this problem today demands that all effective means be utilized. We can no longer afford to mitigate or ignore the occupational health nurse's valuable role in contributing to the success of the corporate alcoholism program. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (rehabilitation) occupational health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human nursing occupational health service LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 943744 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/943744) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1219 TITLE The impact of specialized training in alcoholism on management level professionals AUTHOR NAMES Waring M.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Waring M.L.) Sch. Soc. Work, Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, Fla. 32306 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Sch. Soc. Work, Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, Fla. 32306 SOURCE J.STUD.ALCOHOL (1975) 36:3 (406-415). Date of Publication: 1975 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health education medical education nurse social worker EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS methodology EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1976089763 MEDLINE PMID 235684 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/235684) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1220 TITLE Student nurses and smoking: a survey AUTHOR NAMES Burk M.F. Nilson G.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Burk M.F.; Nilson G.T.) Maine Lung Ass., Brunswick, Me. 04011 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Maine Lung Ass., Brunswick, Me. 04011 SOURCE Journal of the Maine Medical Association (1975) 66:10 (271-273). Date of Publication: 1975 ABSTRACT The level of smoking among the Maine student nurses surveyed in 1974 approximates that of a national random sample of professional nurses surveyed in 1969, i.e., 37.3 percent. The survey reinforces, we think, the need to incorporate a specific learning experience regarding cigarette smoking and health in the nursing curriculum rather than assume that the subject will be adequately covered within the regular nursing curriculum. A resurvey of as many of the same student nurses as possible at the time of graduation is planned in an attempt to assess the impact of the nurse education program on smoking attitudes and habits. Analysis of significant changes that are found may provide useful clues for improving the educational program against smoking. Despite the relatively high percentage of student nurses who smoke, it is encouraging to note their apparent acceptance of the notion that nurses have a role in educating patients about the effects of smoking and that they are interested in learning how to help the patient with a smoking problem. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse smoking statistics EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS intoxication EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1976162946 MEDLINE PMID 1194769 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1194769) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1221 TITLE Values clarification and the school nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Hopp J.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hopp J.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.W. Hopp, SOURCE The Journal of school health (1975) 45:7 (410-413). Date of Publication: Sep 1975 ISSN 0022-4391 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) school health nursing social psychology EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction adolescent article child counseling decision making female first aid health education human male methodology teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1041508 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041508) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1222 TITLE Alcoholism, drug abuse and drug addiction: a study of nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Burkhalter P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Burkhalter P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P. Burkhalter, SOURCE The Journal of nursing education (1975) 14:2 (30-36). Date of Publication: Apr 1975 ISSN 0148-4834 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction alcoholism curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult article evaluation study human middle aged questionnaire United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 236362 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/236362) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1223 TITLE Multi-discipline approach to alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Holmes E. Jones R. Murphy N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Holmes E.; Jones R.; Murphy N.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Holmes, SOURCE Journal of the New York State School Nurse-Teachers Association (1975) 6:3 (35-38). Date of Publication: 1975 Spring ISSN 0036-1755 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (prevention) health education school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent article human school health service LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 1078853 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1078853) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1224 TITLE The scope of drug abuse education in nursing schools offering baccalaureate degrees AUTHOR NAMES Brewer T. Reilly N.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Brewer T.; Reilly N.S.) Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48104 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48104 SOURCE Abstracts of Hospital Management Studies (1974) 11:2 (12564NU: 47p.). Date of Publication: 1974 ABSTRACT A descriptive study of drug abuse education was designed using a 109 item questionnaire. The intent of this study was to determine the extent to which the nursing educational systems offering baccalaureate programs in the United States have incorporated drug abuse material into their present curriculums. A total of 92 schools participated. It appears from this survey that drug abuse is not a major curriculum effort, for the most part, in the present nursing field. As in the literature, there is a lack of consensus of the definition of drug abuse. It was indicated that most nursing educators would like to place more emphasis on the presentation of drug abuse material, especially in relation to lectures by exaddicts, multidisciplinary workshops, and the utilization of agencies. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence nurse nursing nursing education school EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1976055393 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1225 TITLE Drug abuse patients in a general hospital AUTHOR NAMES Beigel A. Gross I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Beigel A.; Gross I.) SOURCE Hospitals (1974) 48:20 (65-70). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0018-5973 ABSTRACT Establishment of the position of nurse coordinator of alcohol and drug abuse services was instrumental in a county hospital in providing the necessary cooperation and coordination for a successful treatment program. Job qualifications for a nurse coordinator of alcohol and drug abuse services included a baccalaureate degree in nursing as well as specialized post graduate training or experience in the management of clinical problems related to alcohol and drug abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism drug dependence hospital nursing nursing education quality control EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS general hospital public hospital teaching hospital university hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975124817 MEDLINE PMID 4412868 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4412868) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1226 TITLE Prevalence of drug misuse among young people in Glasgow 1970-72 AUTHOR NAMES Fish F. Wells B.W.P. Bunney J.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Fish F.; Wells B.W.P.; Bunney J.E.) Univ. Strathclyde, Glasgow CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Univ. Strathclyde, Glasgow SOURCE British Journal of Addiction (1974) 69:4 (343-355). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0952-0481 ABSTRACT Using a self report questionnaire, the authors determined the prevalence of non therapeutic drug taking among young persons, within the age range 16-24, in the following groups: school pupils, university/college students, trainee nurses, patients attending special (V.D.) clinics, casualty patients and young offenders. The percentage proportions of occasional and regular drug misusers within each group are given together with information on the extent of misuse of individual drugs and drug combinations. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis diamorphine lysergide opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence nurse offender school university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child major clinical study CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3) lysergide (50-37-3) opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Forensic Science Abstracts (49) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975205506 MEDLINE PMID 4532049 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4532049) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1227 TITLE Training models for drug abuse prevention: recommendations for the future AUTHOR NAMES Shute R.E. Swisher J.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Shute R.E.; Swisher J.D.) Addict. Prev. Lab., Dept. Counselor Educ., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Pa. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Addict. Prev. Lab., Dept. Counselor Educ., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Pa. SOURCE Journal of Drug Education (1974) 4:2 (169-178). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0047-2379 ABSTRACT Why do drug educators conduct training programs for school, community, and agency personnel? If the ultimate goal is to produce a cadre of skilled trainees who will be effective in primary prevention ventures, then one should be quite disappointed. This article describes and provides examples of the three major training modalities currently in vogue. The strengths and weaknesses of each are examined and then integrated to build a recommended model for future training efforts. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence health education medical education nurse training nursing education primary prevention school health service student teacher training EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS child dentist general practitioner medical specialist midwife model nursing paramedical profession pharmacist physician assistant prevention social worker EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975132536 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1228 TITLE Should courses for nurses that deal solely with alcoholism be taught at universities? A preliminary report AUTHOR NAMES Gurel M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Gurel M.) Sch. Nurs., Univ. Washington, Seattle, Wash. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Sch. Nurs., Univ. Washington, Seattle, Wash. SOURCE Nursing Research (1974) 23:2 (166-169). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT A questionnaire survey of 78 University of Washington School of Nursing faculty members, regarding the offering of courses that deal solely with alcoholism, revealed that if a faculty member thought information about alcoholism should be provided, she included it in her course. The average time devoted to the teaching of alcoholism related material was 2.6 hr in a 3 credit quarter course. The overwhelming majority of participants believed that a course that deals solely with alcoholism should be offered. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing teaching university EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS intoxication methodology EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975089091 MEDLINE PMID 4493669 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4493669) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1229 TITLE Reappraisal of nurse's role in the treatment of schizophrenia AUTHOR NAMES Kelleher M.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kelleher M.J.) Inst. Psychiat., London CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Inst. Psychiat., London SOURCE International Journal of Nursing Studies (1974) 11:4 (197-202). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0020-7489 ABSTRACT Much of psychiatric nursing education is concerned with familiarizing the student with the work done by other members of the therapeutic team. Yet, of all the groups concerned with the care of the sick the psychiatric nurse spends the longest periods of professional time in the patient's presence. The essence of effective psychiatric nursing is based on developed expertize in therapeutic interpersonal relationships. However there is a danger that this ill defined central function of the clinical nurse will become subservient to the professional interventions of the other caring agencies. Because of this it is important that the nursing profession develops specific clinical roles related to but independent of the professional roles of other members of the clinical team. Although the present argument centres on schizophrenia there is ample evidence of the nurse's effective roles in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders e.g. neurotic disorders and alcoholism. This paper concerns itself with 2 specific therapeutic interventions a nurse may make in the treatment of schizophrenia, both in the hospital and community. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental disease mental patient nursing nursing education schizophrenia EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975178237 MEDLINE PMID 4497842 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4497842) FULL TEXT LINK http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7489(74)90020-0 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1230 TITLE Nursing school courses for nonnurses. AUTHOR NAMES Major D.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Major D.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS D.M. Major, SOURCE Nursing outlook (1974) 22:12 (769-772). Date of Publication: Dec 1974 ISSN 0029-6554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) education nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article curriculum evaluation study female human jurisprudence male nutrition sexual education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 4498943 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4498943) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1231 TITLE Type and prevalence of medication used in the treatment of hyperactive children AUTHOR NAMES Krager J.M. Safer D.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Krager J.M.; Safer D.J.) Baltimore County Dept. Hlth, Towson, Md. 21204 CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Baltimore County Dept. Hlth, Towson, Md. 21204 SOURCE New England Journal of Medicine (1974) 291:21 (1118-1120). Date of Publication: 1974 ISSN 0028-4793 ABSTRACT This paper provides the results of a 1971 and a 1973 survey on the use of medication for hyperactivity by children in elementary school in a large suburban area. The survey differs substantially from the one reported by the Children's Research Center in that the data were obtained from school nurses, not physicians, and it represents an actual head count, not estimated percentages. The survey is moderately reassuring in certain of its findings. In the first place, 1.73% of children in primary schools are receiving psychotropic medication, not 5 to 10%. Secondly, 88% of the children on medication for hyperactive behavior associated with learning problems are receiving stimulants; this psychopharmacologic treatment is generally believed to be superior for these children. Thirdly, methylphenidate has widened its lead over dextroamphetamine; there is some evidence that this drug has fewer potential adverse effects than dextroamphetamine. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) amphetamine chlorpromazine dexamphetamine diphenhydramine hydroxyzine methylphenidate thioridazine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) brain damaged child child drug therapy hyperactivity hyperkinesia learning disorder EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS major clinical study therapy DRUG TRADE NAMES atarax benadryl dexedrine mellaril ritalin thorazine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7, 60-13-9, 60-15-1) chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0) dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9) diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1) hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2) methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9) thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Drug Literature Index (37) Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7) Psychiatry (32) Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975156960 MEDLINE PMID 4417001 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4417001) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1232 TITLE Nursing students' attitudes toward alcoholics AUTHOR NAMES Schmid N.J. Schmid D.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Schmid N.J.; Schmid D.T.) St. Lawrence State Hosp., Outreach Commun. Cent., Plattsburgh, N.Y. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS St. Lawrence State Hosp., Outreach Commun. Cent., Plattsburgh, N.Y. SOURCE Nursing Research (1973) 22:3 (246-248). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT To investigate attitudes of nursing students towards alcoholic persons and towards the physically disabled, two tests were administered to 41 freshman nursing students. The sample was retested 2.5 years later, in their senior year to determine the stability of their attitudes. No significant difference was found when subjects' scores were compared with scores of a suitable norm group on attitudes towards disabled people. Although a significant difference was found between the respective attitudes for which the students were tested, these attitudes were not significantly correlated. No significant difference was found between pre- and posttest scores on their attitudes towards alcoholics. The conclusions were: Nursing students have a less accepting attitude toward alcoholics than toward the physically disabled, and these attitudes remain stable. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude economic aspect nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS major clinical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974021256 MEDLINE PMID 4267656 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4267656) COPYRIGHT Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1233 TITLE Planning alcoholism services AUTHOR NAMES Unterberger H. DiCicco L.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Unterberger H.; DiCicco L.M.) Cambridge Somerville Ment. Hlth Retardat. Cent., Cambridge, Mass. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Cambridge Somerville Ment. Hlth Retardat. Cent., Cambridge, Mass. SOURCE Contemporary Drug Problems (1973) 2:4 (697-716). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0091-4509 ABSTRACT In Cambridge and Somerville the authors attempted to lay the groundwork for a large variety of services developed to meet the problem of alcoholism in this area. The alcoholism program now includes walk in emergency services, consultation and education services, outpatient services, two community residences, and a 10 bed detoxification unit in the Cambridge Hospital. 20 additional beds for detoxification will be made available. The staff includes an internist as Director, a psychatrist as Codirector, three social workers, a community mental health nurse, a public health educator, and an assistant, five alcoholism counselors, and a halfway house manager; detoxification staff includes six nurses, and five assistants. Two additional staff persons have been deployed into existing neighborhood health centers, to aid in case finding and education. Patients are expressing their concern for a drop in recreational center. Staff feel the pressure of a lack of overnight bed space for an alcoholic not sick enough to be admitted to a hospital bed, yet somewhat drunk and in need of shelter. The authors look forward to continuing training for staff and a more intensive informational campaign for the public. A record keeping system is presently being established in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this program. As new mental health services are created and quickly inundated with new patients, there is much talk about the prevention of emotional disturbance and mental illness. The authors suggest that any serious effort to prevent mental illness must give priority to the early identification and treatment of alcoholism problems. Alcoholism is an illness which affects adults, generally appearing in the mid twenties and escalating as individuals reach the thirties. When alcoholism strikes a family, one can be certain that parental behavior will be inconsistent and that family tensions will mount. The nonalcoholic spouse becomes so distraught by the unreliable, irrational behavior of the alcoholic that he or she is unable to provide consistent support to the children. Children who grow up in households where one or both parents are alcoholics have a dual problem. They live in a home devastated by alcohol, where there is little energy to care for children. In addition, children too often learn to identify with the parent who misuses alcohol to cope with his or her problems of living. Children of alcoholic parents do not necessarily become alcoholic, but are known to be a population at risk. Other kinds of problems, such as drug addiction and mental illness, seem to be disproportionately high among this group. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism counseling detoxification halfway house social work EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS methodology prevention therapy CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS alcohol (64-17-5) EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1975010880 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1234 TITLE Is a community general hospital capable of starting a treatment program for the alcoholic patient AUTHOR NAMES Kehoe C.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Kehoe C.A.) Xavier Univ., Cincinnati, Ohio CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Xavier Univ., Cincinnati, Ohio SOURCE Abstracts of Hospital Management Studies (1973) 9:4 (08803-100p.). Date of Publication: 1973 ABSTRACT The study investigates the feasibility of establishing a treatment program for alcoholics at St. Francis, a 265 bed community acute general hospital in Cincinnati. Facilities available at St. Francis are compared with six other similar hospitals which do provide a treatment program for alcoholics. Data show three relevant areas where St. Francis is lacking: electroencephalograph; psychiatric inpatient unit; and psychiatric emergency service. Precautionary measures that could be taken which would permit caring for the alcoholic patient in an open medical surgical ward are described. Study also surveys hospital personnel involved in carrying for an alcoholic patient to determine their attitudes toward the alcoholic and their confidence in caring for such a patient. Survey results indicate a great majority of nursing personnel had favorable attitudes, viewed alcoholism as a disease and their confidence in handling an alcoholic patient correlated with the amount of nursing education they had. Findings show that generally insurance coverage did extend to treatment of alcoholics. If a need for the treatment program can be documented, it is recommended implementation be tried on one single medical surgical unit. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) economic aspect EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS general hospital EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Health Policy, Economics and Management (36) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974059911 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1235 TITLE Toward a model of primary prevention of drug abuse in elementary schools AUTHOR NAMES Weimar R.H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Weimar R.H.) SOURCE British Journal of Addiction (1973) 68:1 (57-63). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0952-0481 ABSTRACT Emphasis upon a public health model with 2 elements of primary prevention (non specific health promotion and specific protection) is employed to critique methods and techniques listed in 27 curriculum outlines and guidelines for drug abuse prevention programs in elementary schools. Responses from 24 states and territories, 5 cities a federal agency and a private association are listed. The techniques, which were most often cited, using grade 5 as a base, were: the listing and the classification of drugs, the use of role play and/or dramatization, the discussion of prescription vs. non presciption drugs, the use of bulletin board displays, the discussion of drug storage, the discussion of the history of drugs, suggestions for a doctor or nurse presentation, and the collection of articles and advertisements about drugs. Critique of existing methods is based upon the finding that most programs focused upon specific protection rather than upon the non specific promotional aspects of primary prevention. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug abuse model primary prevention primary school EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS advertizing city classification curriculum drug dependence drug storage health promotion nurse physician prescription prevention protection public health role playing school school child United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008892327 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1236 TITLE Contribution of the school health nurse to the school drug program AUTHOR NAMES Merki D.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Merki D.J.) Texas Woman's Univ., Denton, Tex. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Texas Woman's Univ., Denton, Tex. SOURCE Journal of Drug Education (1973) 3:2 (183-187). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0047-2379 ABSTRACT The school health nurse has played a variety of roles in school drug programs. For some of these tasks, she has been well suited, while, for others, she has been less prepared. The school health nurse, because of her basic role as the health authority in the school and her special preparation in the knowledge and use of drugs, is a valuable potential resource for any school drug program. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence health education nurse school school child EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS therapy EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974026412 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1237 TITLE Attitudes of community caregivers toward drug users AUTHOR NAMES Baker F. Isaacs C.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baker F.; Isaacs C.D.) Harvard Med. Sch., Southborough, Mass. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Harvard Med. Sch., Southborough, Mass. SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1973) 8:2 (243-252). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT Six dimensions of attitudes toward drug users were derived by factor analysis of an attitude questionnaire administered to visiting nurses, law students, and policemen. The attitude factors were: Moral Blame, Causal Etiology, Harmfulness, Social Class, Rejection, and Sickness. Comparisons of the three groups of community caregivers revealed differences in the ways that these professionals viewed drug users. In general, the nurses displayed the most positive and liberal attitudes toward drug users. However, the police, who have often been stereotyped as holding negative and conservative attitudes toward users of drugs, also responded in a relatively open and liberal fashion to statements about drug users. The law students saw the least degree of harm in drug use. Although the policemen were prone to blame more, they gave more social explanations of the cause of drug use. The visiting nurses gave less credence to a view that drug use was a lower class phenomenon than the law students and policemen. All three groups tended to view drug addiction as a physical and mental illness and tended to eschew attitudes of rejection toward users of drugs. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude community drug dependence morality rejection social status EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS major clinical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974125628 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1238 TITLE Attitudes of community caregivers toward drug users AUTHOR NAMES Baker F. Isaacs C.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Baker F.; Isaacs C.D.) Harvard Med. Sch., Southborough, Mass. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Harvard Med. Sch., Southborough, Mass. SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1973) 8:2 (243-252). Date of Publication: 1973 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT Six dimensions of attitudes toward drug users were derived by factor analysis of an attitude questionnaire administered to visiting nurses, law students and policemen. The attitude factors were: moral blame, causal etiology, harmfulness, social class, rejection, and sickness. Comparisons of the 3 groups of community caregivers revealed differences in the ways that these professionals viewed drug users. In general, the nurses displayed the most positive and liberal attitudes toward drug users. The police, who have often been stereotyped as holding negative and conservative attitudes toward users of drugs, also responded in a relatively open and liberal fashion to statements about drug users. The law students saw the least degree of harm in drug use. Although the policemen were prone to blame more, they gave more social explanations of the cause of drug use. The visiting nurses gave less credence to a view that drug use was a lower class phenomenon than the law students and policemen. All 3 groups tended to view drug addiction as a physical and mental illness and tended to eschew attitudes of rejection toward users of drugs. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) attitude district nurse drug dependence factory nurse police prescription rejection social worker student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS major clinical study EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Psychiatry (32) Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974174313 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1239 TITLE Exposure to mental health training in schools of public health. AUTHOR NAMES Padilla E. Goldston S.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Padilla E.; Goldston S.E.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Padilla, SOURCE American journal of public health (1973) 63:8 (710-714). Date of Publication: Aug 1973 ISSN 0090-0036 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) curriculum mental health school EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS accident prevention alcoholism article drug control evaluation study family planning female geriatrics human pollution pregnancy professional practice psychiatric nursing psychiatry psychology questionnaire school health service sexually transmitted disease (prevention) smoking social work spontaneous abortion suicide time United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 4740504 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4740504) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1240 TITLE Health education of patients in the field of social psychiatry, notably alcoholics AUTHOR NAMES Hudolin V. Bano N. Gabelic I. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Hudolin V.; Bano N.; Gabelic I.) Psychiat. Dept., Dr. M. Strojanvic Hosp., Zagreb, Croatia. () CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. Hudolin, Psychiat. Dept., Dr. M. Strojanvic Hosp., Zagreb, Croatia. SOURCE International Journal of Social Psychiatry (1972) 18:3 (157-170). Date of Publication: 1972 ISSN 0020-7640 ABSTRACT In this paper the authors exhibit the experiences they have gained in working with alcoholics. Alcoholism, as a most important socio psychiatric problem, makes its appearance in circa 15I of adult males. Out of the total number of males presenting themselves before medical commissions for assessment of the degree of their disablement in Croatia, 15° are alcoholics. Based on these data a programme of control of alcoholism had been set up, which is based on a great number (130 in Croatia) of local programmes in which besides alcoholics members of professional teams (e.g. psychiatrist, general practioner, social worker, nurse) are included. In the framework of such a plan a systematic health education of patients and members of their families is being performed. Special attention ought to be paid to investigating on the efficiency of health education as a part of a complex health protection, on the role of individual members of the therapeutic team concerned with health education, as 11ell as on the influence of the health education of patients on the general health culture and education of personnel engaged in health education. In this way it would be feasible to obtain data on the influence of health education of patients upon the prevention of alcoholism in a general population. The authors are fully aware that the mechanisms of evaluation and scientific work ought automatically to be included into every therapeutic and rehabilitation programme in the domain of social psychiatry, and especially in the sphere of alcoholism, drug addiction and geriatry, so that special studies should be devoted to discovering the best methods of evaluation of health education. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism health education patient social psychiatry EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adult Croatia disability drug dependence education geriatrics health male medical service nurse personnel population prevention prophylaxis psychiatrist rehabilitation social worker Yugoslavia LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008891651 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1241 TITLE Occupational therapy in the mental health field AUTHOR NAMES Trider M.F. Reg O.T. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Trider M.F.; Reg O.T.) SOURCE Canad. Ment. Hlth. (1972) 20:5 (24-28). Date of Publication: 1972 ABSTRACT Occupational therapy in the mental health field has travelled a long way from its professional beginnings. It is turning its attention to methods of preventing psychosocial and physical dysfunction, to the effects of environmental stress, and to consideration of the types of adaptive skills that will be required of mankind in order to survive the effects of possible future shock so clearly described by Toffler. At the same time practitioners are applying their current theory and practice in the many locales where the evidence indicates the presence of psychosocial dysfunction: in community programs, in schools, nursing homes, business and industry, as well as the more familiar institutions - the psychiatric hospital, the mental retardation unit and hospital schools, day care unit, therapeutic community, and addiction treatment centre. As it learns to subject its hypotheses to more rigorous testing it is increasingly emphasizing both basic and applied research. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) mental health occupational therapy EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction applied research commercial phenomena community program day care environmental stress hospital hypothesis industry mental deficiency mental health care mental hospital nursing education nursing home physician school skill therapeutic community LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008950591 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1242 TITLE Attitudes regarding alcoholism: The volunteer alcoholism clinic counsellor AUTHOR NAMES Ferneau E. Paine H.J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ferneau E.; Paine H.J.) Psychiat. Serv., Boston City Hosp., Mattapan, MA 02126, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E. Ferneau, Psychiat. Serv., Boston City Hosp., Mattapan, MA 02126, United States. SOURCE Brit. J. Addict. (1972) 67:4 (235-238). Date of Publication: 1972 ABSTRACT Physicians, medical students, nurses, and nursing students - all have been discussed in relation to their attitudes toward alcoholism and the alcoholic, especially with regard to the impact of their negative attitudes on the treatment of the alcoholic. These caregivers are no doubt key agents in the treatment of alcoholism, but certain other groups are also just as important in this area. However, the attitudinai dispositions of these other groups have been relatively ignored. One very significant group is that which the authors report on here - the volunteer counsellors in the alcoholism clinic of a large urban hospital. They hope that this reactive research will communicate to them the importance they attach to their attitudes, and encourage them with the help of their supervisors and other staff to be constructively critical and searching of their attitude structures. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism outpatient department volunteer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS caregiver hope hospital medical student nurse nursing student physician LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008890887 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1243 TITLE Drugs in American society: a graduate course AUTHOR NAMES Serrone D.M. Major D.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Serrone D.M.; Major D.M.) Sch. Nurs., State Univ. New York, Albany, N.Y. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS Sch. Nurs., State Univ. New York, Albany, N.Y. SOURCE Journal of Drug Education (1972) 2:2 (191-196). Date of Publication: 1972 ISSN 0047-2379 ABSTRACT The School of Nursing at the State University of New York at Albany has offered, as a service to the university community, a course, not just a series of lectures, but a semester course in which students could explore the many factors associated with the use and abuse of drugs in America today. The course was designed to cover in depth the vast problems of drug abuse from the 'street drugs' to the medicine cabinet. The student was expected to read and discuss current concepts of pharmacology, psychology, and sociology as they apply to drug abuse. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) drug dependence nursing society EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17) Psychiatry (32) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 1974040701 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1244 TITLE The drug problem and the school nurse. AUTHOR NAMES Vincent E.P. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Vincent E.P.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.P. Vincent, SOURCE ANA clinical sessions (1972) (14-18). Date of Publication: 1972 ISSN 0065-9495 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction article health education human school health nursing student United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 4490697 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4490697) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1245 TITLE Physiological effects of shift rotation on ICU nurses AUTHOR NAMES Tooraen L.A. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tooraen L.A.) Incarnate Word Coll. Sch. Nurs., San Antonio, TX, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS L.A. Tooraen, Incarnate Word Coll. Sch. Nurs., San Antonio, TX, United States. SOURCE Nursing Research (1972) 21:5 (398-405). Date of Publication: 1972 ISSN 0029-6562 ABSTRACT Nine nurses employed in 4 intensive care units in 2 hospitals participated in a study to investigate the effects of shift rotation on the circadian electrolyte excretion of sodium and potassium in the urine. Results revealed that the shift rotation followed by these nurses did not produce a significant physiological adaptation to reversing their activity sleep or their stress patterns. Actually, they continued to follow the same physiological activity patterns whether sleeping during daylight hours or vice versa. The literature of the field is extensively reviewed. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cannabis electrolyte potassium sodium EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) nurse EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adaptation circadian rhythm drug dependence electrolyte excretion hospital intensive care unit nursing shift worker sleep sunlight urine CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS potassium (7440-09-7) sodium (7440-23-5) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008892111 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1246 TITLE The drug incident--a case study. AUTHOR NAMES Wood V. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Wood V.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS V. Wood, SOURCE The Canadian nurse (1972) 68:7 (21-26). Date of Publication: Jul 1972 ISSN 0008-4581 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction attitude nursing education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5064238 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5064238) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1247 TITLE Marijuana use by nurses and nursing students. AUTHOR NAMES Lipp M.R. Benson S.G. Allen P.S. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lipp M.R.; Benson S.G.; Allen P.S.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS M.R. Lipp, SOURCE The American journal of nursing (1971) 71:12 (2339-2341). Date of Publication: Dec 1971 ISSN 0002-936X EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction (epidemiology) nurse nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5209456 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5209456) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1248 TITLE Student nurses lead family groups. AUTHOR NAMES Scheideman J. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Scheideman J.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J. Scheideman, SOURCE Hospital & community psychiatry (1971) 22:12 (378-380). Date of Publication: Dec 1971 ISSN 0022-1597 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) family therapy nursing student psychiatric nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism (therapy) article human mental disease (therapy) psychiatric department public hospital social environment United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5136548 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5136548) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1249 TITLE Nursing education on alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Burton G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Burton G.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS G. Burton, SOURCE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1971) 178 (48-51). Date of Publication: 29 Mar 1971 ISSN 0077-8923 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism (complication, etiology, rehabilitation, therapy) curriculum nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article community care counseling documentation health personnel attitude human patient referral teaching LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5282654 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5282654) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1250 TITLE Attitudes of nurses and nursing students toward alcoholism treatment. AUTHOR NAMES Moody P.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Moody P.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.M. Moody, SOURCE Quarterly journal of studies on alcohol (1971) 32:1 (172-175). Date of Publication: Mar 1971 ISSN 0033-5649 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism authority health personnel attitude nurse nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article educational status empathy female human nurse patient relationship nursing socioeconomics LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5546046 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5546046) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1251 TITLE The school nurse and drug abusers. AUTHOR NAMES Caskey K.K. Blaylock E.V. Wauson B.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Caskey K.K.; Blaylock E.V.; Wauson B.M.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS K.K. Caskey, SOURCE Nursing outlook (1970) 18:12 (27-30). Date of Publication: Dec 1970 ISSN 0029-6554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction school health nursing EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5202909 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5202909) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1252 TITLE Soup--soap--salvation. AUTHOR NAMES Steel J.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Steel J.F.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.F. Steel, SOURCE Nursing outlook (1970) 18:8 (31-34). Date of Publication: Aug 1970 ISSN 0029-6554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism community health nursing health education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article health service human hygiene LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5200964 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5200964) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1253 TITLE Northern California postgraduate medical television: an evaluation. AUTHOR NAMES Mock R.L. McCoard B.F. Prestwood R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Mock R.L.; McCoard B.F.; Prestwood R.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.L. Mock, SOURCE Journal of medical education (1970) 45:1 (40-46). Date of Publication: Jan 1970 ISSN 0022-2577 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS corticosteroid (drug therapy) EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) medical education television EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism article behavior cross infection (prevention) epidemiology gastrointestinal disease (rehabilitation) health care quality health personnel attitude human infection control medical record nursing nursing education United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5412414 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5412414) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1254 TITLE The alcoholic in the emergency room AUTHOR NAMES Anderson R.H. Weisman M.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Anderson R.H.; Weisman M.N.) Dept. of Med., Univ. of Maryland Hosp., Baltimore, MD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS R.H. Anderson, Dept. of Med., Univ. of Maryland Hosp., Baltimore, MD, United States. SOURCE Maryland State Med. J. (1969) 18:7 (101-104). Date of Publication: 1969 ABSTRACT Alcoholics are being examined and treated at an increasing rate in hospital emergency rooms. Under Maryland law, the medical services of the general hospital are expected to care for the needs of the intoxicated patient, without discrimination, in accordance with the accepted standards applying to other presenting patients. However, because of the stigma associated with alcoholism and because of the lack of training of medical students and nurses in this disease, the alcoholic is often treated improperly. This paper discusses the important principles of emergency treatment of alcoholics. The many medical and surgical complications are beyond its scope, so that only acute intoxication and acute withdrawal syndromes are considered. A discussion of the nature of the follow up which is so necessary to prevent the 'revolving door', is presented. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism emergency ward EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS emergency emergency health service emergency treatment follow up general hospital hospital intoxication medical service medical student nurse patient postoperative complication psychiatry United States withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008714269 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1255 TITLE Alcoholism education in a psychiatric institute. II. Student nurses: Relationship of personal characteristics, attitudes toward alcoholism and achievement AUTHOR NAMES Chodorkoff B. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Chodorkoff B.) Psychiat. Inst. Herman Kiefer Hosp., Wayne State Univ. Sch. Med., Detroit, MI, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS B. Chodorkoff, Psychiat. Inst. Herman Kiefer Hosp., Wayne State Univ. Sch. Med., Detroit, MI, United States. SOURCE Quart.J.Stud.Alcohol. (1969) 30:3 (657-664). Date of Publication: 1969 ABSTRACT This report is the second part of a program of study attempting to evaluate the impact of a clinical psychiatric training experience (1) upon the amount of information senior medical and nursing students acquire during it, (2) upon their attitudes toward a particular psychiatric entity in this case alcoholism, (3) upon certain of their personal characteristics in this case authoritarianism, and (4) upon the ways in which the degree of authoritarianism interacts with their attitude toward alcoholism and affects how much they learn from the clinical experience. Nursing students were found to be significantly more authoritarian than the medical students. Authoritarianism was significantly correlated with the amount of information which the nursing student had available at the start of her placement at the Institute. A similar finding was presented in the study of medical students. The more authoritarian the nursing student, the less favorable were her initial attitudes toward alcoholism. Such a relationship was absent in the case of the medical students. In spite of such a relationship between authoritarianism and attitudes toward alcoholism, authoritarianism was unrelated to any individual changes in attitudes. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) achievement alcoholism education nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS authority medical student personality LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008716724 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1256 TITLE The alcoholic in the emergency room AUTHOR NAMES Anderspn H.H. Weisman M.N. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Anderspn H.H.; Weisman M.N.) Dept of Med, Univ. of Maryland Hosp., Baltimore, MD, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.H. Anderspn, Dept of Med, Univ. of Maryland Hosp., Baltimore, MD, United States. SOURCE Maryland State Ifedj. (1968) 18:7 (101-104). Date of Publication: 1968 ABSTRACT Alcoholics are being examined and treated at an increasing rate in hospital emergency rooms. Under Maryland law, the medical services of the general hospital are expected to care for the needs of the intoxicated patient, without discrimination, in accordance with the accepted standards applying to other presenting patients. However, because of the stigma associated with alcoholism and because of the lack of training of medical students and nurses in this disease, the alcoholic is often treated improperly. This paper discusses the important principles of emergency treatment of alcoholics. The many medical and surgical complications are beyond its scope, so that only acute intoxication and acute withdrawal syndromes are considered. A discussion of the nature of the follow up which is so necessary to prevent the revolving door, is presented. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism emergency ward EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS emergency treatment follow up general hospital hospital intoxication medical service medical student nurse patient postoperative complication United States withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008303424 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1257 TITLE Control of gonococcal infection AUTHOR NAMES Tasaddoque Hossain A.S.M. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Tasaddoque Hossain A.S.M.) SOURCE Indian J. Derm. Venereol. (1968) 34:1 (29-40). Date of Publication: 1968 ABSTRACT The several factors playing a role in the epidemiology and control of gonorrhea are discussed and reviewed: notification of cases, legislation, facilities for diagnosis and treatment, prophylaxis, case finding in the community, individual case finding, special epidemiological investigations (high powered 'speed zone' and cluster testing1 in the USA), control of problem groups (prostitutes, young people, moving population: immigrants and migrants, homosexuals, asymptomatic carriers, alcoholics, repeaters and defaulters, seafarers and military personnel), promiscuity, education for the medical profession (e.g. medical students, nurses) and health education for patients and the public. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) gonorrhea EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism case finding community diagnosis education epidemiology health education homosexuality immigrant law medical profession medical student nurse patient population prophylaxis prostitution soldier velocity LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008345429 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1258 TITLE An evaluation of marihuana for school physicians, nurses and educators. AUTHOR NAMES Alsever W.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Alsever W.D.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS W.D. Alsever, SOURCE The Journal of school health (1968) 38:10 (629-638). Date of Publication: Dec 1968 ISSN 0022-4391 EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) cannabis EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) addiction EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS adolescent adult article human school health service United States CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7) LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5188904 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5188904) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1259 TITLE Mothers' dietary management of pku children AUTHOR NAMES Acosta P.B. Fiedler J.L. Koch R. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Acosta P.B.; Fiedler J.L.; Koch R.) Div. of Child Developm. Child, Hosp. of los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS P.B. Acosta, Div. of Child Developm. Child, Hosp. of los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States. SOURCE J.Amer.Diet.Ass (1968) 53:5 (460-464). Date of Publication: 1968 ABSTRACT The aim of the nutritionist should be to help maintain normal serum phenylalanine levels (2 to 4 mg. per 100 ml.) in the child. This could be achievable by the mother without disrupting normal family patterns of living. While 41% of the mothers were able to maintain serum phenylalanine levels in the excellent control range (2 to 6 mg. per 100 ml.) 75% of the time, results of this report show that this was not easily achieved. Areas in which parents require more intensive help by the nutritionist or other professionals are: (a) Menu planning, (b) Food preparation, particularly the initial mixing of Lofenalac. (c) Hunger and other feeding problems, (d) Provision of an inexpensive low phenylalanine bread that is palatable, (e) Greater knowledge of normal child growth and development, (f) Discipline, (g) Instruction of child regarding the nature of his disorder and foods he cannot eat. Certainly the nutritionist can and should give greater help with menu planning, food preparation, and development of recipes (particularly one for bread). When help is given in these areas, perhaps there will be fewer children perpetually hungry and craving food or have other feeding problems. The 2 most important areas where help is needed by the mother are in disciplining and in teaching the child. The use of nurses, social workers, health educators, teachers, and other individuals knowledgeable in normal child growth and development should be sought to assist nutritionists and parents in providing superior dietary control for these children. In addition, it is recommended that the nutritionist reevaluate her own teaching methods for parents to insure that goals are being met by the most effective use of time and effort. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS phenylalanine EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) child mother EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS bread child growth feeding food food processing growth, development and aging health educator health service hunger nurse nutrition parent phenylketonuria prescription serum social worker teacher teaching withdrawal syndrome LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008322070 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1260 TITLE What student nurses think about alcoholic patients and alcoholism. AUTHOR NAMES Ferneau Jr. E.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Ferneau Jr. E.W.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS E.W. Ferneau, SOURCE Nursing outlook (1967) 15:10 (40-41). Date of Publication: Oct 1967 ISSN 0029-6554 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism attitude nursing student EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article human LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 5182483 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5182483) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1261 TITLE Problem drinkers on the psychiatric service of a municipal general hospital. their relevance to programs of education, training and research AUTHOR NAMES Lief V.F. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Lief V.F.) SOURCE International Journal of the Addictions (1966) 1:1 (42-49). Date of Publication: 1966 ISSN 0020-773X ABSTRACT Experiences were gathered in a community mental health program on problem drinking and in the psychiatric service of the Metropolitan Hospital in the East Harlem area of New York City. The staff members belong to the disciplines of psychiatry, sociology, clinical psychology, public health nursing and social work. A complete case history of all problem drinkers coming to their attention is taken in minute detail and discussed in stafi meetings. The program brought into perspective that there are still many gaps in the treatment of alcohoLs;cs, an important one being the lack of after-care. In the traditional municipal hospital the early stages of alcoholism are often missed, and when the patient approaches the stereotype of 'the alcoholic' the attitude of the hospital staff often still represents the old punitive moralistic view of alcoholism. If the patient is sufficiently deteriorated he will mostly be institutionalized. A 3-month survey of admissions to a 50-bed acute intensive psychiatric treatment unit in psychiatry showed that about 50% of the male and 33% of the female patients had been admitted for reasons directly or significantly related to alcohol Of the total, 14% were sent to state hospitals, but of the remaining 86% more than half were discharged with only medical advice. Some of the conclusions are: There is a need for new techniques in early detection. By the nature of general hospitals in our society they are inadequate to deal fully with alcoholism, as a social problem; a new kind of continuity of care for the alcohol patient is needed There is a need for new teaching methods to help in developing new attitudes among care giving agencies, hospitals, physicians and the community in understanding and treating alcoholism. Alcoholism is related to social pathology and must be seen within the context of the social environment. Bonnema Wezep (N, 2c, 17). EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS alcohol alcohol derivative EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism education general hospital mental health service EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aftercare antisocial personality disorder clinical psychology community community health nursing community mental health drinking female health program hospital hospital personnel male patient patient care physician psychiatric treatment psychiatry public hospital social environment social problem social work society sociology stereotypy teaching United States LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007563277 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1262 TITLE Predictors of mortality in the institutionalized aged AUTHOR NAMES Goldfarb A.I. Fisch M. Gerber I.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goldfarb A.I.; Fisch M.; Gerber I.E.) Off. of Consult. on Spec. Servs. for Aged, New York State Dept. of Ment. Hyg., Queens Village, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.I. Goldfarb, Off. of Consult. on Spec. Servs. for Aged, New York State Dept. of Ment. Hyg., Queens Village, NY, United States. SOURCE Diseases of the nervous system (1966) 27:1 (21-29). Date of Publication: 1966 ISSN 0012-3714 ABSTRACT A representive population of 1,280 residents of old age homes, nursing homes and state hospitals aged 65 yr and over, were given a battery of medical, psychiatric and psychological examinations. Several criteria from different portions of the examinations were found to constitute significant predictors of mortality within 1 yr. The 4 most unfavorable criteria included severity of brain syndrome, severity of physical dependence, incontinence and mental status questionnaire errors. The total number of persons who presented all 4 criteria of poor prognosis was 69, of which 52% died within 1 yr. Of the total group 24% died within 1 yr. Mortality was higher in the state hospitals than in the other institutional settings. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) aged mortality EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS brain drug dependence examination home for the aged hospital incontinence institutionalization mental health nursing home population prognosis psychologic test questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007911770 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1263 TITLE PREDICTORS of MORTALITY in THE INSTITUTIONALIZED AGED AUTHOR NAMES Goldfarb A.I. Fisch M. Gerber I.E. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Goldfarb A.I.; Fisch M.; Gerber I.E.) Off. of Consult. on Spec. Serve for Aged, New York State Dept. of Ment. Hyg., Queens Village, NY, United States. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS A.I. Goldfarb, Off. of Consult. on Spec. Serve for Aged, New York State Dept. of Ment. Hyg., Queens Village, NY, United States. SOURCE Diseases of the nervous system (1966) 27:1 (21-29). Date of Publication: 1966 ISSN 0012-3714 ABSTRACT A representative population of 1,280 residents of old age homes, nursing homes and state hospitals, aged 65 years and over, were given a battery of medical, psychiatric and psychological examinations. Several criteria from different portions of the examinations were found to constitute significant predictors of mortality within one year. The four most unfavorable criteria included severity of brain syndrome, severity of physical dependence, incontinence and mental status questionnaire errors. The total number of persons who presented all four criteria of poor prognosis was 69, of whom 52% died within a year. Of the total group, 24% died within one year. Mortality was higher in the state hospitals than in the other institutional settings. In 15 figures one can find mortality rates one year after examination in relation to several disorders. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS aged brain drug dependence examination home for the aged hospital incontinence mental health morality mortality nursing home population prognosis psychologic test questionnaire LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007309216 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1264 TITLE Causes, control and prevention of accidental poisonings AUTHOR NAMES Jacobziner H. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Jacobziner H.) SOURCE Public health reports (1966) 81:1 (31-41). Date of Publication: 1966 ISSN 0094-6214 ABSTRACT On March 9, 1955, the New York City Poison Control Center was established as an integral part of the Department of Health. From the date of establishment to the end of 1963, over 95,000 poisonings were reported; in the most recent year, 1964, there were more than 20,000 poisonings. Children under 4 yr of age were involved in more than 50% of the total reports. Toxic agents included internal medications, external drugs and cosmetics, household preparations, pesticides, and lead. Preschool children were the most susceptible group, the highest incidence being in the 3rd yr of life. Investigations of poisonings in persons under 21 did not identify accident prone children or accident prone families, but rather accident prone situations. The incidence was slightly higher in the male, and also in the nonwhite, the latter undoubtedly resulting from poor housing, overcrowded inadequate home storage space, under-nutrition, and a lack of safety information. While at the time of the poisoning the child was nominally under adult supervision in over 70% of the cases, the accident occurred with lightning rapidity when the adult was momentarily distracted. The kitchen was the most dangerous site, and adults placed toxic substances where the victim could reach them readily in more than 80% of the cases in persons under 20 yr of age. Unsafe practices included the use of unlabeled or mislabeled containers, drug shipments by mail, deteriorated or contaminated drugs, the abuse or misuse of drugs, and dangerous playthings. Extensive files are maintained in the Center, and all inquiries are answered within minutes. In spite of the services provided by the national network of Centers, there has been no significant reduction of overall morbidity and mortality from accidental poisonings since the inceptions of the Centers. Prevention requires the participation of the entire team concerned with the health and safety of the public: physician, pharmacist, public health worker, public health nurse, engineer, social scientist, pharmacologist, toxicologist, chemist, environmental sanitarian, law enforcement officer, industrialist, housing authority, nurse, hospital staff worker, health educator, psychiatrist, psychologist, teacher, and statistician. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS cosmetic pesticide toxic substance EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) prevention EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS abuse accident adult child date (fruit) drug therapy health health care personnel health educator hospital personnel household housing intoxication kitchen law enforcement lightning male morbidity mortality nurse nutrition pharmacist physician poison center preschool child psychiatrist psychologist public health safety scientist storage teacher United States victim worker LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008096621 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1265 TITLE Instruction in alcoholism in nursing education. AUTHOR NAMES Iber F.L. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Iber F.L.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS F.L. Iber, SOURCE Maryland state medical journal (1961) 10 (653-654). Date of Publication: Nov 1961 ISSN 0025-4363 EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcoholism nursing education EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS article LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English MEDLINE PMID 14450500 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14450500) COPYRIGHT MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record. RECORD 1266 TITLE Malaria and opium control in Iran AUTHOR NAMES Rosa F.W. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Rosa F.W.) SOURCE Public health reports (1960) 75:4 (347). Date of Publication: 1960 ISSN 0094-6214 ABSTRACT The poor health and poverty of the population of Iran was due chiefly to malaria and the use of opium. In the last 10 yr. malaria has been almost eradicated by the destruction of the infected mosquitoes by D. D. T. spraying: spleen indices in the Caspian area have been reduced from 95% to 2%. Work is still going on, financed chiefly by the oil companies. Opium was grown in great quantities for home use and export and addiction was common. Cultivation of the poppy has been forbidden by law; educaction of the people, by every means, and treatment of addicts has resulted in improved health and energy. This has led to increased crops and greater prosperity. Other schemes which have been carried out with international aid from I. C. A., W. H. O., U. N. I. C. and the Near East Foundation include vaccination, control of typhus by D.D. T.,the education of women as nurses, basic laboratory services, pure water supplies and rural sanitation and general health education. The work has been so successful because it has been carried out by teams working with a single purpose. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) opiate EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) Iran malaria EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS addiction drug dependence education female health health education laboratory Middle East mosquito non profit organization nurse population poverty sanitation spleen typhus vaccination water supply LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2008810019 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1267 TITLE A physician's report on the Yale Summer School of Alcohol Studies AUTHOR NAMES Haarer J.G. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Haarer J.G.) CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS J.G. Haarer, Ionia, MI, United States. SOURCE The Journal - Michigan State Medical Society (1955) 54:7 (822-824). Date of Publication: 1955 ISSN 0098-7522 ABSTRACT The properties of alcohol were discussed and the effects demonstrated on living tissues; white rats and class members were used. It was demonstrated that specific amounts of alcohol produce definite blood levels and definite degrees of anaesthesia at least with reasonable consistency. Blood levels below 0.05% are not under the influence of alcohol; those of 0.05 to 0.15% may or may not be under the influence; those over 0.15% are definitely under the influence. Lecturers included psychiatrists, lawyers, ministers, educators, judges, manufacturers and governmental agents, etc., discussing the problems in their specific fields. These individuals lectured to the general group and to the seminars. There were 9 seminar groups: community organization, education, industry, medical, ministers, nurses, rehabilitation, social workers, and special. Treatment of the individual patient was of paramount interest among the medical group. Thorazine has specific indications in control of vomiting. It is also effective in aborting the full-blown delirium tremens syndrome. The conditional reflex regime using emetine hydrochloride, or apomorphine, is still used by some but is not favoured by the majority in the long-range treatment plan. Antabuse is effective as it blocks the oxidation of alcohol in the tissues with the production of acetaldehyde, which is extremely toxic to the individual. It is effective in very small doses and no tolerance develops, allowing for continued usage for years. The longer the patient is kept away from alcohol, the better his ability to develop the habit of going without. At the Ionia State Hospital, the patient is given not only the physical boost of vitamins, high proteins, etc., but also the psychiatric reorientation and relearning that spells the difference between recovery and short-lived spasmodic remissions. Alcoholics Anonymous is the most effective treatment programme, claiming approximately 75% recoveries. There are about 450,000 members now. EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) alcohol EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS acetaldehyde apomorphine chlorpromazine disulfiram emetine protein vitamin EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) physician school summer EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholics anonymous anesthesia blood level community conditioned reflex delirium tremens education habit hospital industry lawyer learning nurse oxidation patient psychiatrist rat rehabilitation remission social worker tissues vomiting LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007219613 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. RECORD 1268 TITLE The domiciliary care of sick persons as part of a comprehensive health and medical care programme AUTHOR NAMES Phillips H.T. Cohn H.D. AUTHOR ADDRESSES (Phillips H.T.; Cohn H.D.) Inst. of Family and Commun. Hlth, Union Hlth Dept., Merebank, Durban. CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS H.T. Phillips, Inst. of Family and Commun. Hlth, Union Hlth Dept., Merebank, Durban. SOURCE South African medical journal (1954) 28:229 (613-617). Date of Publication: 1954 ISSN 0038-2469 ABSTRACT Describes the domiciliary care of the sick by the Lament Health Centre of Durban, a programme based on health team practice (doctors, nurses and health educators); the provision of comprehensive medical care, both preventive and curative; and the better use of such resources as housing, home gardens, food supplies and community health agencies. The main health problems of the community served by the Health Centre are malnutrition, infectious diseases and infestations, syndromes indicative of rapid social changes (alcoholism, delinquency, illegitimacy), and the use of home remedies. The majority of sick people are treated at the Health Centre. Decision to care for patients in their own home rather than refer them to the hospital is based on the following criteria: (1) the necessary procedures can be carried out at home; (2) there is a suitable person in the home who can undertake the nursing care; (3) the patient constitutes no danger to the family. A case report is presented and the psychological, social and economic advantages of home care are discussed. EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS) health home care medical care EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS alcoholism case report catering service community delinquency health center health educator hospital housing illegitimacy infection infestation malnutrition nurse nursing care patient physician public health social change sociology LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE English LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY English EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER 2007093773 COPYRIGHT Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.