Record #1 of 25
ID: CN-00720036
AU: Bergström M
AU: Kieler H
AU: Waldenström U
TI: Effects of natural childbirth preparation versus standard antenatal education on epidural rates, experience of childbirth and parental stress in mothers and fathers: a randomised controlled multicentre trial
SO: BJOG
YR: 2009
VL: 116
NO: 9
PG: 1167-1176
PM: PUBMED 19538406
PT: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adolescent;Analgesia, Epidural [statistics & numerical data];Analgesia, Obstetrical [statistics & numerical data];Breathing Exercises;Fathers [psychology];Mothers [psychology];Natural Childbirth [psychology];Parenting [psychology];Patient Education as Topic;Prenatal Care;Relaxation Therapy;Stress, Psychological [etiology];Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Middle Aged[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword];Young Adult[checkword]
CC: SR-PREG: SR-SYMPT: SR-EPOC
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02144.x
AB: DESIGN: Randomised controlled multicentre trial.SETTING: Fifteen antenatal clinics in Sweden between January 2006 and May 2007.SAMPLE: A total of 1087 nulliparous women and 1064 of their partners.METHODS: Natural group: Antenatal education focussing on natural childbirth preparation with training in breathing and relaxation techniques (psychoprophylaxis). Standard care group: Standard antenatal education focussing on both childbirth and parenthood, without psychoprophylactic training. Both groups: Four 2-hour sessions in groups of 12 participants during third trimester of pregnancy and one follow-up after delivery.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Epidural analgesia during labour, experience of childbirth as measured by the Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire (B), and parental stress measured by the Swedish Parenthood Stress Questionnaire.RESULTS: The epidural rate was 52% in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the experience of childbirth or parental stress between the randomised groups, either in women or men. Seventy percent of the women in the Natural group reported having used psychoprophylaxis during labour. A minority in the Standard care group (37%) had also used this method, but subgroup analysis where these women were excluded did not change the principal findings.CONCLUSION: Natural childbirth preparation including training in breathing and relaxation did not decrease the use of epidural analgesia during labour, nor did it improve the birth experience or affect parental stress in early parenthood in nulliparous women and men, compared with a standard form of antenatal education.OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of antenatal education focussing on natural childbirth preparation with psychoprophylactic training versus standard antenatal education on the use of epidural analgesia, experience of childbirth and parental stress in first-time mothers and fathers.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/036/CN-00720036/frame.html


Record #2 of 25
ID: CN-00404781
AU: Turan JM
AU: Nalbant H
AU: Bulut A
AU: Sahip Y
TI: Including expectant fathers in antenatal education programmes in Istanbul, Turkey
SO: Reproductive health matters
YR: 2001
VL: 9
NO: 18
PG: 114-125
PM: PUBMED 11765387
PT: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Family Planning Services;Fathers [education] [psychology];Health Education [organization & administration];Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice;Infant Care;Infant, Newborn;Mothers [education] [psychology];Prenatal Care [organization & administration];Program Development;Program Evaluation;Turkey;Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
CC: HS-HANDSRCH: SR-COMMUN: SR-FERTILREG: SR-PREG
AB: In this article we present the results of three studies investigating methods for including men in antenatal education in Istanbul, Turkey. Participants were first-time expectant parents living in low and middle-income areas. After a formative study on the roles of various family members in health during the period surrounding a first birth, an antenatal-clinic-based education programme for women and for couples was carried out as a randomised, controlled study. Based on the results, separate community-based antenatal education programmes for expectant mothers and expectant fathers were tested. There was demand among many pregnant women and some of their husbands for including expectant fathers in antenatal education. In the short term, these programmes seemed to have positive effects on women and men's reproductive health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. In the clinic-based programme the positive effects of including men were mainly in the area of post-partum family planning, while in the community-based programme positive effects among men were also seen in the areas of infant health, infant feeding and spousal communication and support. Free antenatal education should be made available to all expectant mothers and when possible, men should be included, either together with their wives or in a culture such as that of Turkey, in separate groups.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/781/CN-00404781/frame.html


Record #3 of 25
ID: CN-00255545
AU: Diemer GA
TI: Expectant fathers: influence of perinatal education on stress, coping, and spousal relations
SO: Research in nursing & health
YR: 1997
VL: 20
NO: 4
PG: 281-293
PM: PUBMED 9256875
PT: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adaptation, Psychological;Curriculum;Fathers [education] [psychology];Marriage [psychology];Multivariate Analysis;Prenatal Care;Social Support;Stress, Psychological [prevention & control];Surveys and Questionnaires;Teaching [methods];Adult[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword]
CC: HS-HANDSRCH: SR-COMMUN
AB: The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to compare the effects of father-focused discussion perinatal classes with traditional childbirth classes on expectant fathers' stress/psychological symptom status, coping strategies, social support, and spousal relations (both supportive behavior toward their partners and couple-conflict behavior). Relative to fathers in traditional childbirth classes, those in father-focused discussion classes significantly increased their use of reasoning during conflicts and their housework activity. Both groups of fathers reported a significant increase in social network support and an increase in baby/pregnancy-related activity. Neither group substantially increased their overall coping responses, although men in the father-focused group significantly changed their coping efforts by seeking more social support, particularly getting information and emotional support from their partner's physician. Implications for perinatal education practice are discussed, and suggestions for future research are offered.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/545/CN-00255545/frame.html


Record #4 of 25
ID: CN-00728234
AU: Li HT
AU: Lin KC
AU: Chang SC
AU: Kao CH
AU: Liu CY
AU: Kuo SC
TI: A birth education program for expectant fathers in Taiwan: effects on their anxiety
SO: Birth (berkeley, calif.)
YR: 2009
VL: 36
NO: 4
PG: 289-296
PM: PUBMED 20002421
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
KY: Analysis of Variance;Anxiety [diagnosis] [prevention & control] [psychology];Attitude to Health;Curriculum;Fathers [education] [psychology];Health Education [organization & administration];Natural Childbirth [education] [psychology];Nursing Evaluation Research;Prenatal Care [organization & administration] [psychology];Program Evaluation;Psychological Theory;Self Efficacy;Severity of Illness Index;Surveys and Questionnaires;Taiwan;Adult[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword]
CC: SR-PREG
DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2009.00356.x
AB: METHODSIn a randomized controlled trial, 87 expectant fathers who attended their pregnant partners through labor and birth at a hospital in central Taiwan were allocated by block randomization to an experimental (n = 45) and a control (n = 42) group. The men completed their basic personal information, a childbirth expectations questionnaire, and a Trait Anxiety Inventory when they were recruited. Two hours after birth of their child, all the expectant fathers completed a State of Anxiety Inventory.RESULTSOur results showed no statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups of fathers in trait anxiety and their prenatal childbirth expectations. After analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to correct for education level, sources of childbirth information, attendance at Lamaze childbirth classes, and childbirth expectations at baseline, the effect of the childbirth program was significant for the postnatal level of anxiety (F = 3.38, p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe study findings justify the clinical implementation of a birth education program based on the self-efficacy theory as an effective means of reducing anxiety among expectant fathers.BACKGROUNDA father who does not know how to assist the mother in relieving labor pains may experience a sense of powerlessness and anxiety. The objective of this study was to evaluate how an education program for expectant fathers who attended their partners' labor and birth affected their anxiety.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/234/CN-00728234/frame.html


Record #5 of 25
ID: CN-00964296
AU: Bergström M
AU: Rudman A
AU: Waldenström U
AU: Kieler H
TI: Fear of childbirth in expectant fathers, subsequent childbirth experience and impact of antenatal education: subanalysis of results from a randomized controlled trial.
SO: Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
YR: 2013
VL: 92
NO: 8
PG: 967-73
PM: PUBMED 23590647
PT: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Fathers [psychology];Fear;Health Education;Logistic Models;Parturition [psychology];Prenatal Care;Sweden;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.12147
AB: OBJECTIVE: To explore if antenatal fear of childbirth in men affects their experience of the birth event and if this experience is associated with type of childbirth preparation.DESIGN: Data from a randomized controlled multicenter trial on antenatal education.SETTING: 15 antenatal clinics in Sweden between January 2006 and May 2007.SAMPLE: 762 men, of whom 83 (10.9%) suffered from fear of childbirth. Of these 83 men, 39 were randomized to psychoprophylaxis childbirth preparation where men were trained to coach their partners during labor and 44 to standard care antenatal preparation for childbirth and parenthood without such training.METHODS: Experience of childbirth was compared between men with and without fear of childbirth regardless of randomization, and between fearful men in the randomized groups. Analyses by logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic variables.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported data on experience of childbirth including an adapted version of the Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ B).RESULTS: Men with antenatal fear of childbirth more often experienced childbirth as frightening than men without fear: adjusted odds ratio 4.68, 95% confidence interval 2.67-8.20. Men with antenatal fear in the psychoprophylaxis group rated childbirth as frightening less often than those in standard care: adjusted odds ratio 0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.95.CONCLUSIONS: Men who suffer from antenatal fear of childbirth are at higher risk of experiencing childbirth as frightening. Childbirth preparation including training as a coach may help fearful men to a more positive childbirth experience. Additional studies are needed to support this conclusion.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/296/CN-00964296/frame.html


Record #6 of 25
ID: CN-01170541
AU: Maycock BR
AU: Scott JA
AU: Hauck YL
AU: Burns SK
AU: Robinson S
AU: Giglia R
AU: Jorgensen A
AU: White B
AU: Harries A
AU: Dhaliwal S
AU: Howat PA
AU: Binns CW
TI: A study to prolong breastfeeding duration: design and rationale of the Parent Infant Feeding Initiative (PIFI) randomised controlled trial
SO: BMC pregnancy and childbirth
YR: 2015
VL: 15
PG: 159
PM: PUBMED 26231519
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Attitude to Health;Australia;Breast Feeding;Fathers;Health Promotion [methods];Infant, Newborn;Logistic Models;Mothers;Multivariate Analysis;Prenatal Education [methods];Self Efficacy;Survival Analysis;Time Factors;Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Infant[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-015-0601-5
AB: METHODS/DESIGN: The PIFI study is a factorial randomised controlled trial. Participants will be mothers and their male partners attending antenatal classes at selected public and private hospitals with maternity departments in Perth, Western Australia. Fathers will be randomly allocated to either the usual care control group (CG), one of two medium intensity (MI1 and MI2) interventions, or a high intensity (HI) intervention. MI1 will include a specialised antenatal breastfeeding education session for fathers with supporting print materials. MI2 will involve the delivery of an antenatal and postnatal social support intervention delivered via a smartphone application and HI will include both the specialised antenatal class and the social support intervention. Outcome data will be collected from couples at baseline and at six and 26 weeks postnatally. A total of 1600 couples will be recruited. This takes into account a 25% attrition rate, and will detect at least a 10% difference in the proportion of mothers breastfeeding between any two of the groups at 26 weeks at 80% power and 5% level of significance, using a Log-rank survival test. Multivariable survival and logistic regression analyses will be used to assess the effect of the treatment groups on the outcomes after adjusting for covariates.DISCUSSION: The PIFI study will be the first Australian study to provide Level II evidence of the impact on breastfeeding duration of a comprehensive, multi-level, male-partner-focused breastfeeding intervention. Unique features of the intervention include its large sample size, delivery of two of the interventions by mobile device technology, a rigorous assessment of intervention fidelity and a cost-effectiveness evaluation.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12614000605695. Registered 6 June 2014.BACKGROUND: Very few Australian infants are exclusively breastfed to 6 months as recommended by the World Health Organization. There is strong empirical evidence that fathers have a major impact on their partner's decision to breastfeed and continuation of breastfeeding. Fathers want to participate in the breastfeeding decision making process and to know how they can support their partner to achieve their breastfeeding goals. The aim of the Parent Infant Feeding Initiative (PIFI) is to evaluate the effect on duration of any and exclusive breastfeeding of three breastfeeding promotion interventions of differing intensity and duration, targeted at couples but channelled through the male partner. The study will also undertake a cost-effectiveness evaluation of the interventions.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/541/CN-01170541/frame.html


Record #7 of 25
ID: CN-00788826
AU: Waldenström U
AU: Bergström M
AU: Fabian H
TI: Parental education during pregnancy should be re-evaluated. The vulnerable are not reached--the effect seems to be limited
SO: Lakartidningen
YR: 2011
VL: 108
NO: 18
PG: 979-983
PM: PUBMED 21809524
PT: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial
KY: Breathing Exercises;Delivery, Obstetric [psychology];Fathers [education] [psychology];Mothers [education] [psychology];Natural Childbirth [psychology];Outcome Assessment (Health Care);Parenting [psychology];Patient Education as Topic;Prenatal Care [methods];Program Evaluation;Socioeconomic Factors;Sweden [ethnology];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/826/CN-00788826/frame.html


Record #8 of 25
ID: CN-00112037
AU: Radojevic M
TI: Mental representations of attachment among prospective Australian fathers
SO: Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry
YR: 1994
VL: 28
NO: 3
PG: 505-511
PM: PUBMED 7893247
PT: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
KY: Australia;Father-Child Relations;Fathers [psychology];Infant, Newborn;Internal-External Control;Marriage [psychology];Object Attachment;Observer Variation;Personality Assessment [statistics & numerical data];Personality Development;Prenatal Care;Prospective Studies;Psychometrics;Reproducibility of Results;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
DOI: 10.3109/00048679409075880
AB: Research into security or otherwise of infant attachment and its correlates is well established. Research into adult internal representations of attachment is still in its infancy. This emergent area of investigation is facilitated by a new measurement instrument, the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). This paper presents the first Australian report of the distribution of adult attachment classifications in a group of 62 men, prior to the transition to parenthood. Using the AAI, 35.4% of these men were classified as secure. This proportion is congruent with those reported by other investigators. Validity of the AAI is discussed and some theoretical questions related to the findings are raised.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/037/CN-00112037/frame.html


Record #9 of 25
ID: CN-00638915
AU: Feinberg ME
AU: Kan ML
TI: Establishing family foundations: intervention effects on coparenting, parent/infant well-being, and parent-child relations
SO: Journal of family psychology
YR: 2008
VL: 22
NO: 2
PG: 253-263
PM: PUBMED 18410212
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KY: Adaptation, Psychological;Anxiety Disorders [prevention & control] [psychology];Depressive Disorder [prevention & control] [psychology];Family [psychology];Family Relations;Health Education [methods] [statistics & numerical data];Health Promotion [methods] [statistics & numerical data];Infant, Newborn;Life Change Events;Mental Health [statistics & numerical data];Parent-Child Relations;Parenting [psychology];Parents [education] [psychology];Stress, Psychological [etiology] [prevention & control] [psychology];United States;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
CC: SR-BEHAVMED: SR-HEALTHP: SR-PREG
DOI: 10.1037/0893-3200.22.2.253
AB: This study investigated the ability of a theoretically driven, psychosocial prevention program implemented through childbirth education programs to enhance the coparental relationship, parental mental health, the parent-child relationship, and infant emotional and physiological regulation. A sample of 169 heterosexual, adult couples who were expecting their 1st child was randomized to intervention and control conditions. The intervention families participated in Family Foundations, a series of 8 classes, delivered before and after birth, that was designed as a universal prevention program (i.e., it was applicable to all couples, not just those at high risk). Intent-to-treat analyses indicated significant program effects on coparental support, maternal depression and anxiety, distress in the parent-child relationship, and several indicators of infant regulation. Intervention effects were not moderated by income, but greater positive impact of the program was found for lower educated parents and for families with a father who reported higher levels of insecure attachment in close relationships. These findings support the view that coparenting is a potentially malleable intervention target that may influence family relationships as well as parent and child well-being.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/915/CN-00638915/frame.html


Record #10 of 25
ID: CN-00277947
AU: Bryan AA
TI: Enhancing parent-child interaction with a prenatal couple intervention
SO: MCN. The american journal of maternal child nursing
YR: 2000
VL: 25
NO: 3
PG: 139-44; quiz 145
PM: PUBMED 10810847
PT: Clinical Trial; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adolescent;Analysis of Variance;Cues;Maternal Behavior;Parent-Child Relations;Parenting [psychology];Parents [education] [psychology];Paternal Behavior;Patient Education as Topic [methods];Program Evaluation;Role;Videotape Recording;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Infant[checkword];Male[checkword];Middle Aged[checkword]
CC: SR-BEHAV
AB: DESIGNQuasiexperimental study.METHODA nonrandomized convenience sample of treatment group (TG) couples (n = 35) who attended an additional prenatal three-class series was compared to a control group (CG) from childbirth education classes on measures of videotaped parent-child interaction using the NCATS tool. The intervention class series was based on individual and couple changes in meaning/identity, roles, and relationship/interaction during the transition to parenthood. It addressed mother/father roles, infant communication abilities, and patterns of the first 3 months of life in a mutually enjoyable, possibility-focused way.RESULTST-tests and ANCOVA on NCATS scores between groups showed higher TG scores for mothers in sensitivity to cues, for fathers in social-emotional growth fostering, and for couple mean scores in social-emotional growth fostering, couple mean response to child distress, caregiver total, and caregiver-child total. Higher contingency scores were also found in the TG group. Fewer TG mothers and fathers fell below NCATS lower cutoff scores.CLINICAL IMPLICATIONSInterventions that enhance mutual parent-child interaction through increased sensitivity to cues and responsiveness to infant needs or signals are important avenues for facilitating secure attachment, father and mother involvement, optimal development, and prevention of child abuse and neglect. The positive approach to this intervention invites couples to see themselves as developing with their infants over time, and to view their infants in new ways that will help develop satisfying, self-reinforcing patterns of interaction.PURPOSETo determine the effect of a prenatal couple group intervention on parent-child interaction postbirth.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/947/CN-00277947/frame.html


Record #11 of 25
ID: CN-00852653
AU: Tohotoa J
AU: Maycock B
AU: Hauck YL
AU: Dhaliwal S
AU: Howat P
AU: Burns S
AU: Binns CW
TI: Can father inclusive practice reduce paternal postnatal anxiety? A repeated measures cohort study using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
SO: BMC pregnancy and childbirth
YR: 2012
VL: 12
PG: 75
PM: PUBMED 22849509
PT: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Anxiety [epidemiology] [prevention & control];Breast Feeding [psychology];Cohort Studies;Depression [epidemiology] [prevention & control];Fathers [psychology];Risk Factors;Stress, Psychological [prevention & control];Surveys and Questionnaires;Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword]
CC: SR-DEPRESSN
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-12-75
AB: METHODS: A repeated measures cohort study was conducted during a RCT that was implemented across eight public maternity hospitals in Perth, Western Australia between May 2008 and June 2009. A baseline questionnaire which included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was administered to all participants on the first night of their hospital based antenatal education program and was repeated at six weeks postnatal. SPSS version 17 was used for reporting descriptive results.RESULTS: The mean anxiety levels at baseline for the fathers in the intervention group (n=289) and control group (n=244) were 4.58 and 4.22 respectively. At 6 weeks postnatal (only matched pairs), intervention and control group were 3.93 and 3.79. More intervention group fathers self-rated less anxiety compared to the fathers in the control group from baseline to post test (p=0.048). Depression scores for intervention fathers at baseline (mean=1.09) and at six weeks (mean=1.09) were very similar to fathers in the control group at baseline (mean=1.11) and at six weeks (mean=1.07) with no significant changes.CONCLUSIONS: Both intervention and control group fathers experienced some anxiety prior to the birth of their baby, but this was rapidly reduced at six weeks. Paternal anxiety is common to new fathers and providing them with information and strategies for problem-solving can increase their knowledge and potentially lower the risk of postnatal anxiety.TRIAL REGISTRATION: (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12609000667213).BACKGROUND: Perinatal research on anxiety and depression has primarily focused on mothers. We have limited knowledge of fathers' anxiety during the perinatal period yet there is evidence that the parenting capacity of a person can be compromised by anxiety and depression. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of a father inclusive intervention on perinatal anxiety and depression. The prime focus of the intervention was to provide education and support to fathers of breastfeeding partners with the aim of increasing both initiation and duration of breastfeeding.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/653/CN-00852653/frame.html


Record #12 of 25
ID: CN-00832495
AU: Bergström M
AU: Kieler H
AU: Waldenström U
TI: A randomised controlled multicentre trial of women's and men's satisfaction with two models of antenatal education.
SO: Midwifery
YR: 2011
VL: 27
NO: 6
PG: e195-200
PM: PUBMED 20863604
PT: Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adaptation, Psychological;Depression, Postpartum [prevention & control];Interpersonal Relations;Parents [education];Patient Education as Topic;Patient Satisfaction [statistics & numerical data];Prenatal Care [methods];Social Support;Stress, Psychological [prevention & control];Sweden;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword];Young Adult[checkword]
CC: SR-DEPRESSN
DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2010.07.005
AB: OBJECTIVE: To study women's and men's satisfaction with two models of antenatal education: natural childbirth preparation with psychoprophylaxis, and standard antenatal education including preparation for childbirth and parenthood but no psychoprophylaxis.DESIGN: Randomised controlled multicentre trial.SETTING: 15 Antenatal clinics in Sweden between January 2006 and May 2007.PARTICIPANTS: 1087 Nulliparous women and 1064 of their partners.INTERVENTIONS: Both models had four two-hour sessions during pregnancy and one session post partum. The natural model was manual-based and focused on childbirth preparation, including psychoprophylaxis. In the standard care model, the group leader was free to choose her teaching approach, with an equal amount of time allocated to preparation for childbirth and for parenthood.MEASURES: Women's and men's evaluation of antenatal education at three months post partum. The proportion of women and men in each model that expressed satisfaction with the education were compared using χ(2) test.FINDINGS: More women and men in the natural groups were satisfied with the education compared with the standard care groups: women 76% versus 68% (p = 0.03) and men 73% versus 65% (p = 0.03). The figures were similar for satisfaction with the childbirth preparation component: 78% and 62% in women (p < 0.001), and 79% and 67% in men (p < 0.001) in the natural and standard care groups, respectively. Fewer participants were satisfied with the parenthood preparation component, but the proportions were higher in the standard care groups: women 37% versus 32% (p < 0.001) and men 23% versus 20% (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: A structured manual-based model of antenatal education which focuses on childbirth preparation with psychoprophylaxis may better meet expectant parents' expectations than standard antenatal education in Sweden.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/495/CN-00832495/frame.html


Record #13 of 25
ID: CN-00113783
AU: Nichols MR
TI: Adjustment to new parenthood: attenders versus nonattenders at prenatal education classes
SO: Birth (berkeley, calif.)
YR: 1995
VL: 22
NO: 1
PG: 21-6, discussion 27-8
PM: PUBMED 7741947
PT: Clinical Trial; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adaptation, Psychological;Health Education;Longitudinal Studies;Parenting [psychology];Parents [education] [psychology];Prenatal Care;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Middle Aged[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
AB: This longitudinal descriptive study compared the adjustment to new parenthood in two groups of first-time mothers and fathers. Participants included 106 married couples, 58 (55%) who attended prenatal childbirth education classes and 48 (45%) who did not. The study variables included prenatal, intrapartal, and new parent experiences. All mothers and fathers completed questionnaires during the last trimester of pregnancy and one month after delivery of a healthy newborn. Fathers were present during labor and birth regardless of prenatal class attendance. The groups differed in maternal age and in maternal and paternal education levels, but did not differ in measures of prenatal attachment, paternal childbirth involvement, childbirth satisfaction, parenting sense of competence, and ease of transition to parenthood. The results suggest the need for further study of the influence of prenatal classes on becoming a new parent, and of the effects of the father's presence during childbirth on birth and new parent experiences.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/783/CN-00113783/frame.html


Record #14 of 25
ID: CN-00242037
AU: Pfannenstiel
AU: Annette E
AU: Honig
AU: Alice Sterling
TI: Father Sensitivity and Empathy with Infants after a Prenatal Information Support Program
YR: 1988
PG: 34
CC: SR-SPECTR
AB: A study gauged the effectiveness of prenatal intervention with low socioeconomic, first-time fathers whose partners were experiencing a high- or low-risk pregnancy. Of the 67 men, who were recruited by their partners, half were randomly assigned to participate in an intervention program designed to acquaint fathers-to-be with information, insights, and clinically appropriate techniques in responsive care for infants. Intervention group fathers received two intensive sessions on the nature and capabilities of the preborn and newborn, sensitive responsiveness to preborn and newborn cues and partner cues. After infants' births, fathers were videotaped with infants during two feeding interactions. At time one, intervention fathers were rated from videotapes as significantly more sensitive during feeding interactions. At time two, 1 month later, differences between father groups approached significance. It is concluded that findings demonstrate that an information support program for first-time, low socioeconomic class fathers is feasible, particularly when women in high- or low-risk pregnancies enlist their partners' participation. (Author/RH) [By permission, ERIC Processing and Reference Facility, US Department of Education]
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/037/CN-00242037/frame.html


Record #15 of 25
ID: CN-00772768
AU: Feinberg ME
AU: Jones DE
AU: Kan ML
AU: Goslin MC
TI: Effects of family foundations on parents and children: 3.5 years after baseline
SO: Journal of family psychology
YR: 2010
VL: 24
NO: 5
PG: 532-542
PM: PUBMED 20954763
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KY: Adaptation, Psychological;Child Behavior [psychology];Family [psychology];Family Relations;Follow-Up Studies;Health Education [methods] [statistics & numerical data];Mental Health;Parent-Child Relations;Parenting [psychology];Parents [psychology];Pennsylvania;Program Evaluation [methods];Self Efficacy;Stress, Psychological [prevention & control] [psychology];Surveys and Questionnaires;Adult[checkword];Child[checkword];Child, Preschool[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Infant[checkword];Male[checkword]
CC: SR-DEPRESSN
DOI: 10.1037/a0020837
AB: This study investigated the ability of a psychosocial prevention program implemented through childbirth education programs to enhance the coparental and couple relationship, parental mental health, the parent-child relationship, and child outcomes. A sample of 169 heterosexual, adult couples expecting their first child was randomized to intervention and control conditions. The intervention families participated in Family Foundations, a series of eight classes delivered before and after birth, which was designed as a universal prevention program (i.e., applicable to all couples, not just those at high risk). Intent-to-treat analyses utilizing data collected from child age 6 months through 3 years indicated significant program effects on parental stress and self-efficacy, coparenting, harsh parenting, and children's emotional adjustment among all families, and maternal depression among cohabiting couples. Among families of boys, program effects were found for child behavior problems and couple relationship quality. These results indicate that a universal prevention approach at the transition to parenthood focused on enhancing family relationships can have a significant and substantial positive impact on parent and child well-being.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/768/CN-00772768/frame.html


Record #16 of 25
ID: CN-01052726
AU: Axelsen SF
AU: Brixval CS
AU: Due P
AU: Koushede V
TI: Integrating couple relationship education in antenatal education - A study of perceived relevance among expectant Danish parents.
SO: Sexual & reproductive healthcare
YR: 2014
VL: 5
NO: 4
PG: 174-5
XR: EMBASE 2014724512
PT: Journal: Article
KY: *antenatal education; article; breast feeding education; child parent relation; childbirth; communication skill; controlled study; *Couple Relationship Education; Denmark; education program; *expectant parent; female; gestational age; happiness; human; learning; male; outcome assessment; *parenting education; postnatal care; pregnancy; *prenatal care; priority journal; psychosocial care; puerperium; randomized controlled trial
DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2014.06.006
AB: Little is known about which elements antenatal education should encompass to meet the needs of parents today. Psycho-social aspects relating to couple- and parenthood have generally not been covered in Danish antenatal education, although studies suggest that parents need this information. The aim of this study was to examine perceived relevance of couple relationship topics integrated in an antenatal programme among intervention participants in the NEWBORN trial. Our study shows that 84% of the participants found it relevant to learn about communication skills and changes in the relationship during and after pregnancy.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/726/CN-01052726/frame.html


Record #17 of 25
ID: CN-01166749
AU: Botkin JR
AU: Rothwell E
AU: Anderson RA
AU: Rose NC
AU: Dolan SM
AU: Kuppermann M
AU: Stark LA
AU: Goldenberg A
AU: Wong B
TI: Prenatal education of parents about newborn screening and residual dried blood spots a randomized clinical trial.
SO: JAMA Pediatrics
YR: 2016
VL: 170
NO: 6
PG: 543-9
XR: EMBASE 20160443217
PT: Journal: Article
KY: adult; article; attitude; behavior; california; *childbirth education; controlled study; decision making; *dried blood spot testing; educational status; ethnicity; female; health survey; high risk pregnancy; human; income; knowledge; language; major clinical study; marriage; medical history; movie; multicenter study; multimedia; New York; newborn; *newborn screening; outcome assessment; parent; patient care; prenatal care; priority journal; puerperium; race difference; randomized controlled trial
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4850
AB: IMPORTANCE: Research clearly indicates that current approaches to newborn blood spot screening (NBS) education are ineffective. Incorporating NBS education into prenatal care is broadly supported by lay and professional opinion. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and effect of prenatal education about newborn screening and use of residual dried blood spots (DBS) in research on parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A randomized clinical trial of prenatal educational interventions, with outcomes measured by survey at 2 to 4 weeks postpartum. Participants were recruited from obstetric clinics in Salt Lake City, Utah; San Francisco, California; and the Bronx, New York. Eligible women were English- or Spanish-speaking adults and did not have a high-risk pregnancy. A total of 901 women were enrolled. Participants who completed the follow-up survey included 212 women in the usual care group (70% retention), 231 in the NBS group (77% retention), and 221 women in the NBS + DBS group (75% retention). Those who completed the survey were similar across the 3 groups with respect to age, ethnicity, race, education, marital status, income, obstetric history, and language. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized into1 of 3 groups: usual care(n = 305), those viewing an NBS movie and brochure (n = 300), and those viewing both the NBS and DBS movies and brochures (n = 296). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Two to four weeks postpartum, women completed a 91-item survey by telephone, addressing knowledge, attitudes, and behavior with respect to opting out of NBS or DBS for their child. RESULTS: A total of 901 women (mean age, 31 years) were randomized and 664 completed the follow-up survey. The total correct responses on the knowledge instrument in regard to NBS were 69% in the usual care group, 79% in the NBS group, and 75% in the NBS + DBS group, a significant between-group difference (P <.05). Although all groups showed strong support for NBS, the percentage of women who were "very supportive" was highest in the NBS group (94%), followed by the NBS + DBS group (86%) and was lowest in the usual care group (73%) (P <.001). The interventions were not associated with decisions to decline newborn screening or withdraw residual DBS. Nine women stated that they had declined NBS (all the usual care group; P <.001). With respect to DBS, 5 participants indicated that they contacted the health department to have their child's sample withdrawn after testing: 3 in the NBS + DBS group and 2 in the usual care group (P =.25). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEL: Educational interventions can be implemented in the prenatal clinic, using multimedia tools and electronic platforms. Prenatal education is effective in increasing postnatal knowledge and support for these programs. These results are relevant to other contexts in which residual clinical specimens and data are used for research purposes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02676245.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/749/CN-01166749/frame.html


Record #18 of 25
ID: CN-00242015
AU: Pfannenstiel
AU: Annette E M
AU: Honig
AU: Alice Sterling
TI: Effects of a Prenatal 'Information and Insights about Infants' Program on the Knowledge Base of First-Time-Low-Education Fathers One Month Postnatally
YR: 1988
PG: 41
CC: SR-SPECTR
AB: A study is presented of 67 first-time, low-income fathers' perceptions of their knowledge of the development and care of infants. Pregnant women from a low-risk and a high-risk pregnancy clinic helped to recruit their male partners into a prenatal program. The men were randomly assigned either to a control or experimental group. Interviews and measures provided data on family background, father attitudes toward infants, father perception of infants, father knowledge of when certain infant behaviors could be expected to occur, couple dyadic adjustment, father social support, and father self-image. The experimental group received two 1.5 hour sessions which provided information about the behavioral capacities of the unborn or newborn, and of infants in their first months. Fathers were videotaped postnatally with their infants during a feeding interaction. Scores of the experimental group on posttests of their knowledge of infants were significantly higher than those of the comparison group. A list of 52 references is included. (RJC) [By permission, ERIC Processing and Reference Facility, US Department of Education]
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/015/CN-00242015/frame.html


Record #19 of 25
ID: CN-00727723
AU: Feinberg ME
AU: Kan ML
AU: Goslin MC
TI: Enhancing coparenting, parenting, and child self-regulation: effects of family foundations 1 year after birth
SO: Prevention science
YR: 2009
VL: 10
NO: 3
PG: 276-285
PM: PUBMED 19381809
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KY: Child Behavior;Family Relations;Interviews as Topic;Mental Disorders [prevention & control];Parenting;Surveys and Questionnaires;Adult[checkword];Child, Preschool[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Infant[checkword];Male[checkword];Young Adult[checkword]
CC: SR-BEHAV: SR-BEHAVMED
DOI: 10.1007/s11121-009-0130-4
AB: This study investigated whether a psycho-educational program with modest dosage (eight sessions), delivered in a universal framework through childbirth education programs and targeting the coparenting relationship would have a positive impact on observed family interaction and child behavior at 6-month follow-up (child age 1 year). One hundred sixty-nine couples, randomized to intervention and control conditions, participated in videotaped family observation tasks at pretest (during pregnancy) and at child age 1 year (2003-2007). Coparenting, parenting, couple relationship, and child self-regulatory behaviors were coded by teams of raters. Intent-to-treat analyses of program effects controlled for age, education, and social desirability. Evidence of significant (p < 0.05) program effects at follow-up emerged in all four domains. Effect sizes ranged from 0.28 to 1.01. Targeting the coparenting relationship at the transition to parenthood represents an effective, non-stigmatizing means of promoting parenting quality and child adjustment.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/723/CN-00727723/frame.html


Record #20 of 25
ID: CN-00179235
AU: Seguin L
AU: Ferland F
AU: Ouellet D
AU: Lambert J
TI: Evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive intervention with parents during the perinatal period.
SO: Canadian journal of public health. Revue canadienne de sante publique
YR: 1987
VL: 78
NO: 6
PG: 398-402
PM: PUBMED 3435864
XR: EMBASE 18039745
PT: Journal
KY: *attitude; clinical trial; controlled study; education; *family life; female; fetus; *high risk population; human; infant; male; normal human; *parent counseling; *perinatal care; *pregnancy; prevention; psychological aspect; short survey
CC: SR-BEHAV
AB: Discussion on the development of the child and the role of the parent have been integrated into traditional prenatal courses and the new mother has been visited after childbirth in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these preventive interventions for new parents. The experimental and control groups were randomly selected from a low risk population. Measures of the maternal perception of the new-born, maternal adaptation, family environment and the development of the infant did not demonstrate any significant difference between experimental and control groups. These results, like those of other recent studies, indicate that it would be more effective to orientate resources and preventive programs during the perinatal period towards neighborhoods where high risk mothers (alone, poor or young) are concentrated, rather than towards the low risk populations of the prenatal classes.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/235/CN-00179235/frame.html


Record #21 of 25
ID: CN-01123653
AU: Maycock B
AU: Binns CW
AU: Dhaliwal S
AU: Tohotoa J
AU: Hauck Y
AU: Burns S
AU: Howat P
TI: Education and support for fathers improves breastfeeding rates: a randomized controlled trial
SO: Journal of human lactation
YR: 2013
VL: 29
NO: 4
PG: 484-490
PM: PUBMED 23603573
PT: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Adolescent;Age Factors;Breast Feeding [statistics & numerical data];Fathers [education];Health Education [organization & administration];Social Support;Socioeconomic Factors;Western Australia [epidemiology];Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Middle Aged[checkword];Young Adult[checkword]
CC: SR-NEONATAL
DOI: 10.1177/0890334413484387
AB: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the effects of an antenatal education session and postnatal support targeted to fathers.METHODS: The Fathers Infant Feeding Initiative (FIFI Study) is a randomized controlled trial to increase the initiation and duration of breastfeeding that was conducted in 8 public maternity hospitals in Perth, Western Australia. A total of 699 couples were randomized within hospitals to either intervention or control groups. The intervention consisted of a 2-hour antenatal education session and postnatal support provided to fathers.RESULTS: The any breastfeeding rate for the intervention group was significantly greater at 6 weeks: 81.6% in the intervention group compared to 75.2% in the control group, odds ratio 1.46 (95% CI, 1.01-2.13). After adjustment for age and hospital, the odds ratio for any breastfeeding in the intervention group was 1.58 (1.06-2.35) and for socioeconomic status (SES), 1.56 (1.06-2.30). The infants of older fathers were more likely to be breastfed at 6 weeks compared to infants of younger fathers (P < .01), and infants of fathers with high SES more likely than infants of fathers with low SES (P = .013).CONCLUSION: Even a small increase in breastfeeding rates brings public health benefits. In this study, a minimal intervention was found to significantly increase any breastfeeding at 6 weeks: 81.6% in the intervention group compared to 75.2% in the control group.BACKGROUND: Studies have identified numerous factors affecting breastfeeding initiation and duration, including maternal education, mode of delivery, birth weight, socioeconomic status, and support of the infant's father.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/653/CN-01123653/frame.html


Record #22 of 25
ID: CN-00840737
AU: Brown LD
AU: Feinberg M
AU: Kan ML
TI: Predicting engagement in a transition to parenthood program for couples
SO: Evaluation and program planning
YR: 2012
VL: 35
NO: 1
PG: 1-8
PM: PUBMED 21841851
PT: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KY: Child Welfare;Family Characteristics;Father-Child Relations;Health Education [organization & administration];Mother-Child Relations;Parent-Child Relations;Parenting [psychology];Parents [education] [psychology];Predictive Value of Tests;Primary Prevention [organization & administration];Program Evaluation;Risk Assessment;Socioeconomic Factors;Adult[checkword];Child, Preschool[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword]
DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.05.001
AB: Fostering participant engagement is a challenging but essential component of effective prevention programs. To better understand which factors influence engagement, this study examines several predictors of couple engagement in Family Foundations (FF), a preventive intervention for first-time parents shown to enhance parent mental health, couple relations, parenting quality, and child adjustment through age 3 years. FF consists of a series of classes delivered through childbirth education departments at local hospitals. Baseline data on socio-demographics, parent mental health, and couple relationship quality were examined as predictors of participants' level of engagement in FF (n = 89 couples, 178 individuals). Sociodemographic variables such as parent gender, socioeconomic status, and age predicted program engagement to a limited extent. However, findings indicated that marital status was the best predictor of engagement. Discussion focuses on how findings can inform the development of practices that promote engagement, such as the use of targeted outreach efforts for individuals most at risk of disengagement.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/737/CN-00840737/frame.html


Record #23 of 25
ID: CN-00060932
AU: Beal JA
TI: The effect on father-infant interaction of demonstrating the neonatal behavioral assessment scale
SO: Birth (berkeley, calif.)
YR: 1989
VL: 16
NO: 1
PG: 18-22
PM: PUBMED 2742633
PT: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
KY: Attitude;Child Behavior;Father-Child Relations;Infant Care;Infant, Newborn;Paternal Behavior;Psychological Tests;Surveys and Questionnaires;Adult[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword]
CC: SR-CHILD: SR-PREG
AB: Forty-four first-time fathers who had attended prenatal classes and were present during labor and delivery of their healthy infants were divided randomly into an experimental group of 22 who observed the Brazelton neonatal behavioral assessment scale performed on their 2- to 3-day-old infants, or into a control group of 22 who did not receive this intervention. Paternal involvement in, and attitudes toward, infant caretaking and ratings of infant difficultness were compared in the two groups. Father-infant interaction was measured by two-minute videotape analysis at eight weeks postpartum. Paternal attitudes, caretaking activities, and perceptions of their infants were measured by questionnaire self-reports. There were significant differences in the quality, but not quantity, of father-infant interactions, and in one of four measures of infant difficultness (unpredictability) between the two groups.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/932/CN-00060932/frame.html


Record #24 of 25
ID: CN-00974371
AU: Koushede V
AU: Brixval CS
AU: Axelsen SF
AU: Lindschou J
AU: Winkel P
AU: Maimburg RD
AU: Due P
TI: Group-based antenatal birth and parent preparation for improving birth outcomes and parenting resources: study protocol for a randomised trial.
SO: Sexual & reproductive healthcare : official journal of the Swedish Association of Midwives
YR: 2013
VL: 4
NO: 3
PG: 121-6
PM: PUBMED 24041733
XR: EMBASE 2013573940
PT: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
KY: Analgesia, Epidural [utilization];Cost-Benefit Analysis;Denmark;Health Resources;Parents;Patient Education as Topic [methods];Prenatal Care [methods];Research Design;Surveys and Questionnaires;Treatment Outcome;Adult[checkword];Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
CC: SR-DEPRESSN
DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2013.08.003
AB: OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of group based antenatal education for improving childbirth and parenting resources compared to auditorium based education.METHODS:PARTICIPANTS: 2350 Danish pregnant women and their partners ≥18 years old, recruited before 20+0 gestational weeks. Population-based individually randomised superiority trial with two parallel arms: Four sessions of birth and parent preparation in small groups (experimental group); two lectures in an auditorium (control group). Data is collected by (1) questionnaires at baseline (≈18 weeks of gestation), 37 weeks of gestation, 9 weeks-, 6 months-, and 1 year post-partum, (2) the hospital obstetric database, (3) national registers.PRIMARY OUTCOME: use of epidural analgesia.SECONDARY OUTCOMES: stress, parenting alliance; explorative outcomes: depressive symptoms, use of health care services, self-efficacy, well-being, family break-ups. Analyses will be intention-to-treat as well as per protocol. Process evaluation will be conducted using questionnaires and qualitative interviews. The incremental societal cost of the intervention will be computed and compared to the measured outcomes in a cost-effectiveness analysis.CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge this is the largest well-designed randomised trial of its kind to date. The trial will bring much-needed evidence for decision makers of the content and form of antenatal education.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/371/CN-00974371/frame.html


Record #25 of 25
ID: CN-00053913
AU: Westney OE
AU: Cole OJ
AU: Munford TL
TI: The effects of prenatal education intervention on unwed prospective adolescent fathers
SO: Journal of adolescent health care
YR: 1988
VL: 9
NO: 3
PG: 214-218
PM: PUBMED 3372288
PT: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
KY: Adolescent;Adolescent Behavior;Fathers [education] [psychology];Health Education;Illegitimacy;Pregnancy in Adolescence;Psychology, Adolescent;Single Person;Female[checkword];Humans[checkword];Male[checkword];Pregnancy[checkword]
CC: SR-BEHAV: SR-CHILD: SR-PREG
AB: This study assesses the impact of a prenatal education program dealing with human sexuality, pregnancy, prenatal care, labor, delivery, and infant and child care on the unwed expectant adolescent father. It also assesses the relationship between the father's knowledge in these areas and his supportive behaviors toward the adolescent mother and the expected infant. The 28 black 15-18-year-old adolescent males who volunteered to participate in the study were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 13). Each was pretested (T-1) with Form A of a 75-item prenatal questionnaire, and posttested (T-2) with Form B of the same instrument after an intervention for the experimental group, or 4 weeks after the initial assessment for the comparison group. Findings suggest significant gains in knowledge for the experimental group at T-2 versus T-1 with regard to 1) pregnancy and prenatal care, and 2) infant development and child care. The data also suggest that fathers who were more informed tended to report more supportive behaviors toward the mother and the infant.
US: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/913/CN-00053913/frame.html