1019 Records downloaded - Sun Apr 17 20:40:16 UTC 2016
RECORD 1
TITLE
Optimization of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy: Role of Multifaceted Cooperation
in the Hospital Setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Petrovic M.
Somers A.
Onder G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Petrovic M., mirko.petrovic@ugent.be) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent
University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium.
(Somers A.) Department of Pharmacy, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent,
Belgium.
(Onder G.) Centro Medicina dell’Invecchiamento, Department of Geriatrics,
Policlinico A. Gemeli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Petrovic, Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University Hospital, De
Pintelaan 185, Ghent, Belgium. Email: mirko.petrovic@ugent.be
SOURCE
Drugs and Aging (2016) 33:3 (179-188). Date of Publication: 1 Mar 2016
ISSN
1179-1969 (electronic)
1170-229X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer International Publishing
ABSTRACT
Because older patients are more vulnerable to adverse drug-related events,
there is a need to ensure appropriate pharmacotherapy in these patients.
This narrative review describes approaches to improve pharmacotherapy in
older people in the hospital setting. Screening to identify older patients
at risk of drug-related problems and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is the
first critical step within a multistep approach to geriatric
pharmacotherapy. Two methods that have been developed are the GerontoNet ADR
risk score and the Brighton Adverse Drug Reactions Risk (BADRI) model, which
take into account a number of factors, the most important of which is the
number of medicines. In order to reduce potentially inappropriate
prescribing in older patients, different types of interventions exist, such
as pharmacist-led medication reviews, educational interventions,
computerized decision support systems, and comprehensive geriatric
assessment. The effects of these interventions have been studied, sometimes
in a multifaceted approach, by combining different techniques. None of the
existing interventions shows a clear beneficial effect on patients’ health
outcomes if applied in isolation; however, when these interventions are
combined within the context of a multidisciplinary team, positive effects on
patients’ health outcomes can be expected. Appropriate geriatric
pharmacotherapy, global assessment of patients’ clinical and functional
parameters, and integration of skills from different healthcare
professionals are needed to address medical complexity of older adults.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
adverse drug reaction
animal model
clinical study
decision support system
disease model
drug abuse
geriatric assessment
human
inappropriate prescribing
model
narrative
pharmacist
screening
skill
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160151705
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40266-016-0352-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 2
TITLE
Association report
AUTHOR NAMES
Weber W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Weber W.) CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. Weber, CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2016) 56:2 (111-116). Date
of Publication: 1 Mar 2016
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, InfoCenter@aphanet.org
ABSTRACT
As I think back to the issues facing pharmacy when I was a student
pharmacist, I am reminded of challenges with unstandardized prescription
drug cards. As a profession, we rallied together and made an impact. Today,
we are embarking on a much bigger challenge of obtaining provider status.
Once again, we have rallied together to write letters, talk to our members
of Congress, share our patient care stories, and support the APhA PAC. We
are committed to making a difference in the lives of our patients. This is
by far the most ambitious goal I have seen within our profession. It is a
goal that has united our profession, a goal that is definitely within reach,
a goal that we will see accomplished. I am proud of the work we have done as
a profession, and I look forward to an exciting year ahead.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
radiopharmaceutical agent
sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
addiction
article
awards and prizes
brainstorming
chronic pain
diabetes mellitus
empowerment
human
inappropriate prescribing
leadership
medical education
medical profession
medical society
medication therapy management
pain
palliative therapy
patient care
patient safety
pharmacist attitude
pharmacy student
policy
practice guideline
skill
workshop
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160246877
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2016.02.005
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 3
TITLE
Effectiveness of the clinical pharmacist in reducing mortality in
hospitalized cardiac patients: A propensity score-matched analysis
AUTHOR NAMES
Zhai X.-B.
Gu Z.-C.
Liu X.-Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zhai X.-B.) Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Affiliated to
Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
(Gu Z.-C.; Liu X.-Y., xiaoyan5156@163.com) Department of Pharmacy, Renji
Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
X.-Y. Liu, Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University School of Medicine, Pujian Road 160, Shanghai, China. Email:
xiaoyan5156@163.com
SOURCE
Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management (2016) 12 (241-250). Date of
Publication: 18 Feb 2016
ISSN
1178-203X (electronic)
1176-6336
BOOK PUBLISHER
Dove Medical Press Ltd., PO Box 300-008, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmacist-led medication review services have been assessed in
the meta-analyses in hospital. Of the 135 relevant articles located, 21
studies met the inclusion criteria; however, there was no statistically
significant difference found between pharmacists’ interventions and usual
care for mortality (odds ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 0.65, 3.46,
P=0.34). These analyses may not have found a statistically significant
effect because they did not adequately control the wide variation in the
delivery of care and patient selection parameters. Additionally, the
investigators did not conduct research on the cases of death specifically
and did not identify all possible drug-related problems (DRPs) that could
cause or contribute to mortality and then convince physicians to correct. So
there will be a condition to use a more precise approach to evaluate the
effect of clinical pharmacist interventions on the mortality rates of
hospitalized cardiac patients. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the
clinical pharmacist as a direct patient-care team member on the mortality of
all patients admitted to the cardiology unit. Methods: A comparative study
was conducted in a cardiology unit of a university-affiliated hospital. The
clinical pharmacists did not perform any intervention associated with
improper use of medications during Phase I (preintervention) and consulted
with the physicians to address the DRPs during Phase II (postintervention).
The two phases were compared to evaluate the outcome, and propensity score
(PS) matching was applied to enhance the comparability. The primary endpoint
of the study was the composite of all-cause mortality during Phase I and
Phase II. Results: Pharmacists were consulted by the physicians to correct
any drug-related issues that they suspected may cause or contribute to a
fatal outcome in the cardiology ward. A total of 1,541 interventions were
suggested by the clinical pharmacist in the study group; 1,416 (92.0%) of
them were accepted by the cardiology team, and violation of
incompatibilities had the highest percentage of acceptance by the cardiology
team. All-cause mortality was 1.5% during Phase I (preintervention) and was
reduced to 0.9% during Phase II (postintervention), and the difference was
statistically significant (P=0.0005). After PS matching, all-cause mortality
changed from 1.7% during Phase I down to 1.0% during Phase II, and the
difference was also statistically significant (P=0.0074). Conclusion: DRPs
that were suspected to cause or contribute to a possibly fatal outcome were
determined by clinical pharmacist service in patients hospitalized in a
cardiology ward. Correction of these DRPs by physicians after pharmacist’s
advice caused a significant decrease in mortality as analyzed by PS
matching. The significant reduction in the mortality rate in this patient
population observed in this study is “hypothesis generating” for future
randomized studies.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacist
mortality
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
cardiac patient
clinical effectiveness
clinical pharmacy
comparative study
controlled study
drug use
female
human
major clinical study
male
middle aged
outcome assessment
patient care
propensity score
very elderly
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160168304
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S98300
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 4
TITLE
Fulfilling an Unmet Need: Roles for Clinical Pharmacists in Preconception
Care
AUTHOR NAMES
DiPietro Mager N.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(DiPietro Mager N.A., n-dipietro@onu.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S. Main Street,
Ada, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.A. DiPietro Mager, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Raabe College of
Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 S. Main Street, Ada, United States.
Email: n-dipietro@onu.edu
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2016) 36:2 (141-151). Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2016
ISSN
1875-9114 (electronic)
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Preconception care refers to a set of interventions that identify and
address biomedical, behavioral, and social risks to a woman's health that
may negatively impact a future pregnancy. A great need for preconception
care currently exists in the United States, and women's attitudes about
discussions with health care providers about healthy and safe pregnancies
are positive. Clinical pharmacists are well positioned to work with other
health care and public health professionals to ensure that all women of
childbearing potential have access to preconception care. As part of the
collaborative health care team, clinical pharmacists can directly provide
services or support and referrals to other members of the health care team
or to community resources through clinical-community linkages. Specifically,
clinical pharmacists can provide education, counseling, and/or services to
women to address family planning, medication and disease state management,
immunizations, screenings, health promotion, and substance use. Clinical
pharmacists can also impact preconception care through drug information
services, advocacy, and research. Preconception care services can be
incorporated into daily pharmacy practice, and there are potential means for
reimbursement. Multiple roles exist for clinical pharmacists to fulfill
unmet needs in preconception care.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
folic acid
hepatitis B vaccine
rubella vaccine
teratogenic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
maternal care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
article
billing and claims
congenital rubella syndrome (prevention)
diabetes mellitus
drug misuse
family planning
health behavior
health promotion
hepatitis B (prevention)
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
hypothyroidism
immunization
medical documentation
medication therapy management
obesity
patient advocacy
patient counseling
patient education
pharmaceutical care
phenylketonuria
screening
sexually transmitted disease
smoking cessation
unplanned pregnancy
vertical transmission
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
folic acid (59-30-3, 6484-89-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Obstetrics and Gynecology (10)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160114051
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1691
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 5
TITLE
Cardiovascular complications of ketoacidosis
AUTHOR NAMES
Sheehan L.
Calfas D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sheehan L.) Ambulatory Care Clinic Leader, Chronic Care Medication
Management, Pharmacy Services, Carolinas Medical Center-NorthEast, Carolinas
HealthCare System, Kannapolis, United States.
(Calfas D.) Wingate University School of Pharmacy, Hendersonville, United
States.
SOURCE
U.S. Pharmacist (2016) 41:2 (39-42). Date of Publication: 1 Feb 2016
ISSN
0148-4818
BOOK PUBLISHER
Jobson Publishing Corporation
ABSTRACT
Ketoacidosis is a serious medical emergency requiring hospitalization. It is
most commonly associated with diabetes and alcoholism, but each type is
treated differently. Some treatments for ketoacidosis, such as insulin and
potassium, are considered high-alert medications, and others could result in
electrolyte imbalances. Several cardiovascular complications are associated
with ketoacidosis as a result of electrolyte imbalances, including
arrhythmias, ECG changes, ventricular tachycardia, and cardiac arrest, which
can be prevented with appropriate initial treatment. Acute myocardial
infarction can predispose patients with diabetes to ketoacidosis and worsen
their cardiovascular outcomes. Cardiopulmonary complications such as
pulmonary edema and respiratory failure have also been seen with
ketoacidosis. Overall, the mortality rate of ketoacidosis is low with proper
and urgent medical treatment. Hospital pharmacists can help ensure
standardization and improve the safety of pharmacotherapy for ketoacidosis.
In the outpatient setting, pharmacists can educate patients on prevention of
ketoacidosis and when to seek medical attention. Metabolic acidosis occurs
as a result of increased endogenous acid production, a decrease in
bicarbonate, or a buildup of endogenous acids.1 Ketoacidosis is a metabolic
disorder in which regulation of ketones is disrupted, leading to excess
secretion, accumulation, and ultimately a decrease in the blood pH.2
Acidosis is defined by a serum pH <7.35, while a pH <6.8 is considered
incompatible with life.1,3 Ketone formation occurs by breakdown of fatty
acids. Insulin inhibits beta-oxidation of fatty acids; thus, low levels of
insulin accelerate ketone formation, which can be seen in patients with
diabetes. Extremely elevated blood glucose levels lead to osmotic diuresis,
which results in excess secretion of cortisol and catecholamines, further
promoting fatty-acid oxidation and ketone formation. Increased levels of
glucagon, which is stimulated by hypoglycemia and insulin deficiency, leads
to lipolysis, resulting in additional free fatty-acid production and
ketogenesis.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholic ketoacidosis (complication)
alcoholism (complication)
cardiovascular disease
diabetic ketoacidosis (complication)
electrolyte disturbance (complication)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute heart infarction (complication)
alcohol abstinence
article
asthma
cardiopulmonary arrest (complication)
chronic obstructive lung disease
heart arrest (complication)
heart ventricle tachycardia (complication)
hospitalization
human
hyperglycemia
hyperkalemia (complication)
hypoglycemia
hypokalemia (complication)
hypomagnesemia
hypotension
hypoventilation
insulin deficiency
lung edema
metabolic acidosis
outcome assessment
pharmacist
respiratory failure
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Endocrinology (3)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160148978
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 6
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care of elderly patients with poorly controlled type 2
diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial
AUTHOR NAMES
Chen J.-H.
Ou H.-T.
Lin T.-C.
Lai E.C.-C.
Yang Kao Y.-H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chen J.-H.) Department of Pharmacy, Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and
Welfare, Nantou City, Taiwan.
(Chen J.-H.) Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy
Research, Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan, Taipei City, Taiwan.
(Chen J.-H.; Ou H.-T.; Lin T.-C.; Lai E.C.-C.; Yang Kao Y.-H.,
yhkao@mail.ncku.edu.tw) Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1,
University Road, Tainan City, Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y.-H. Yang Kao, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road,
Tainan City, Taiwan. Email: yhkao@mail.ncku.edu.tw
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2016) 38:1 (88-95). Date of
Publication: 1 Feb 2016
ISSN
2210-7711 (electronic)
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background Care of the elderly with diabetes is more complicated than that
for other age groups. The elderly and/or those with multiple comorbidities
are often excluded from randomized controlled trials of treatments for
diabetes. The heterogeneity of health status of the elderly also increases
the difficulty in diabetes care; therefore, diabetes care for the elderly
should be individualized. Motivated patients educated about diabetes benefit
the most from collaborating with a multidisciplinary patient-care team. A
pharmacist is an important team member by serving as an educator, coach,
healthcare manager, and pharmaceutical care provider. Objective To evaluate
the effects of pharmaceutical care on glycemic control of ambulatory elderly
patients with type 2 diabetes. Setting A 421-bed district hospital in Nantou
City, Taiwan. Method We conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial
involving 100 patients with type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control
(HbA1c levels of ≥9.0 %) aged ≥65 years over 6 months. Participants were
randomly assigned to a standard-care (control, n = 50) or
pharmaceutical-care (intervention, n = 50) group. Pharmaceutical care was
provided by a certified diabetes-educator pharmacist who identified and
resolved drug-related problems and established a procedure for consultations
pertaining to medication. The Mann–Whitney test was used to evaluate
nonparametric quantitative data. Statistical significance was defined as
P < 0.05. Main outcome measure The change in the mean HbA1c level from the
baseline to the next level within 6 months after recruiting. Results
Nonparametric data (Mann–Whitney test) showed that the mean HbA1c level
significantly decreased (0.83 %) after 6 months for the intervention group
compared with an increase of 0.43 % for the control group (P ≤ 0.001).
Medical expenses between groups did not significantly differ (−624.06 vs.
−418.7, P = 0.767). There was no significant difference in hospitalization
rates between groups. Conclusion The pharmacist intervention program
provided pharmaceutical services that improved long-term, safe control of
blood sugar levels for ambulatory elderly patients with diabetes and did not
increase medical expenses.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hemoglobin A1c (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (disease management)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
consultation
controlled study
cost effectiveness analysis
diabetes educator
elderly care
female
glycemic control
health care cost
hemoglobin blood level
human
major clinical study
male
outcome assessment
pharmacist
priority journal
randomized controlled trial
Taiwan
treatment duration
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hemoglobin A1c (62572-11-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Endocrinology (3)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01455727)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015471650
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-015-0210-4
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 7
TITLE
Proceedings of the AMCP partnership forum: Breaking the link between pain
management and opioid use disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Botticelli M.P.
Brock I.P.
Brooks P.
Byram D.
Clark K.J.
Curro F.A.
Daw J.
Duggan M.
Erensen J.
Fan J.
Francis W.
Gammitoni A.
Ghods M.P.
Greenberg P.
Jan S.A.
Jeffrey P.L.
Kowalski T.
Lee J.
Mcnally D.L.
Nowak L.E.
Peppin J.F.
Schroeder A.
Schmidt P.
Stoddard J.
Tanzman B.
Thomson H.
Wesolowicz L.
Dragovich C.
Eichelberger B.
Mackowiak J.
Oh S.
Sega T.
Singh P.
Singh R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Botticelli M.P.) Office of National Drug Control Policy (speaker), United
States.
(Brock I.P.) Affordability, OptumHealth Behavioral Solutions, United States.
(Brooks P.) Humana, United States.
(Byram D.) Orexo, United States.
(Clark K.J.) Medical Affairs, CVS Health, United States.
(Curro F.A.) PEARL Clinical Translational Network, United States.
(Curro F.A.) New York University, United States.
(Daw J.) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (speaker), United States.
(Duggan M.) Wicked Sober (speaker), United States.
(Erensen J.) Health Policy, Purdue Pharma, United States.
(Fan J.) SAMHSA Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, United States.
(Francis W.) Pharmacy Management Services, Medlmpact, United States.
(Gammitoni A.) Medical and Scientific Affairs, Zogenix, United States.
(Ghods M.P.) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, United States.
(Greenberg P.) Peggy Greenberg Consulting and Training, United States.
(Jan S.A.) The State University, Rutgers, United States.
(Jan S.A.) Horizon BCBS of New Jersey, United States.
(Jeffrey P.L.) MassHealth, United States.
(Kowalski T.) Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts (speaker), United
States.
(Lee J.) SAMHSA Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, United States.
(Mcnally D.L.) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, United States.
(Nowak L.E.) Express Scripts, United States.
(Peppin J.F.) Global Medical Affairs, Mallinckrodt, United States.
(Schroeder A.) University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy-Kaiser
Permanente of Colorado, United States.
(Schmidt P.) Depomed, United States.
(Stoddard J.) Alkermes, United States.
(Tanzman B.) Vermont Blueprint for Health (speaker), United States.
(Thomson H.) Kaléo, United States.
(Wesolowicz L.) Pharmacy Services Clinical, BCBS of Michigan, United States.
(Dragovich C.; Eichelberger B.; Mackowiak J.; Oh S., soh@amcp.org; Sega T.;
Singh P.; Singh R.) Pharmacy Affairs, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, 100
N. Pitt St., Ste. 400, Alexandria, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Oh, Pharmacy Affairs, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care and Specialty Pharmacy (2015) 21:12 (1116-1122).
Date of Publication: 2015
ISSN
2376-1032 (electronic)
2376-0540
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), tfaggen@amcp.org
ABSTRACT
Prescription drug misuse and abuse, especially with opioid analgesics, is
the fastest growing drug problem in the United States. Addressing this
public health crisis demands the coordinated efforts and actions of all
stake-holders to establish a process of improving patient care and
decreasing misuse and abuse. On September 9, 2014, the Academy of Managed
Care Pharmacy (AMCP) convened a meeting of multiple stakeholders to
recommend activities and programs that AMCP can promote to improve pain
management, prevent opioid use disorder (OUD), and improve
medication-assisted treatment outcomes. The speakers and panelists
recommended that efforts to improve pain management outcomes and reduce the
potential for OUD should rely on demonstrated evidence and best practices.
It was recommended that AMCP promote a more holistic and evidence-based
approach to pain management and OUD treatment that actively engages the
patient in the decision-making process and includes care coordination with
medical, pharmacy, behavioral, and mental health aspects of organizations,
all of which is seamlessly supported by a technology infrastructure. To
accomplish this, it was recommended that AMCP work to collaborate with
organizations representing these stakeholders. Additionally, it was
recommended that AMCP conduct continuing pharmacy education programs,
develop a best practices toolkit on pain management, and actively promote
quality standards for OUD prevention and treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
drug misuse
opiate addiction (prevention, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
behavior therapy
conference paper
drug use
education program
evidence based medicine
evidence based practice
health care cost
human
managed care
managed care organization
mental health
patient advocacy
pharmacy benefit manager
physiotherapy
public health
substance abuse
treatment outcome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160210320
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.18553/jmcp.2015.21.12.1116
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 8
TITLE
A Reality Check: The Need for a Deeper Understanding of Opioid Abuse
Treatment Options: A Policy Statement from the American College of Clinical
Pharmacology
AUTHOR NAMES
Rusch L.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rusch L.M.) Public Policy Committee, American College of Clinical
Pharmacology, PO Box 1758, Ashburn, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.M. Rusch, Public Policy Committee, American College of Clinical
Pharmacology, PO Box 1758, Ashburn, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2016) 56:1 (7-10). Date of Publication: 1
Jan 2016
ISSN
1552-4604 (electronic)
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., subscrip@blackwellpub.com
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine plus naloxone
methadone
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
health care policy
opiate addiction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacology
drug misuse
DSM-5
help seeking behavior
human
prescription
psychotherapy
substance abuse
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20151039533
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.645
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 9
TITLE
Evaluation of analgesics use and misuse by Iraqi patients in Baghdad
community
AUTHOR NAMES
Mohammed S.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mohammed S.I., drsamerimad@gmail.com) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.I. Mohammed, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad
University, Baghdad, Iraq. Email: drsamerimad@gmail.com
SOURCE
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (2016) 9:1 (279-283).
Date of Publication: 1 Jan 2016
ISSN
0974-2441
BOOK PUBLISHER
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, editor@ajpcr.com
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Analgesics, which currently represents the cornerstone of pain
treatment, is one of the most widely used and abused medications all over
the world. Since analgesics used and misused widely in Iraqi community, the
possibility of complications and adverse effect development from analgesics
may be significant. The purpose of this study is to assess the attitude and
degree of awareness about the correct use, side effects, and complication of
improper use of analgesics in Baghdad community and to find if there is any
correlation between the miss use of analgesic and the need to extra
medication or treatment as a result of analgesic adverse effect. Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional survey using a pre-tested self-administered
questionnaire which carried out in the different community pharmacy in
Baghdad. An 11-question questionnaire collects demographics information and
attitudes to use analgesics by respondents. Results: Analgesics consumption
increases with age. The majority of users, 46% reported taking analgesics
for unspecified general body pain, followed by a headache and other types of
pain. (50.26%) of participant use analgesics frequently (more than 3 times
weekly) and (57.44%) of them prefer a certain type of analgesics and used it
frequently. Larger percentage of analgesics recommended to Iraqi patients by
a pharmacist, followed by a doctor, or sometimes according to advice from a
relative\friend while only (18.46%) were prescribed by patients themselves.
Interestingly, (52.82%) of respondents have no information about the side
effect, and higher percentage of them (61%) do not adhere to doses
prescribed. About (11.28%) of respondents need for hospitalization, (58%)
consult a physician, and (56%) use another medicine as a result of side
effects or complications of analgesics. Significant correlation confirmed
between misuse of analgesics and the need for hospitalization and patients
need another medicine to treat side effects or complications of analgesics.
Conclusion: Analgesics consumed widely and most of the times incorrectly by
Iraqi people in Baghdad and its usage usually associated with many
complications as a result of a misuse by the patients due to improper
dispensing information or education provided by a pharmacist or other health
care providers about the correct use or side effects associated with these
medications.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesic agent abuse
drug misuse
drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
adverse outcome
article
awareness
consultation
controlled study
cross-sectional study
drug information
drug preference
female
headache (drug therapy)
human
Iraqi
male
medication compliance
middle aged
needs assessment
prescription
questionnaire
tooth pain (drug therapy)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
young adult
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160020198
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 10
TITLE
Safemed: Using pharmacy technicians in a novel role as community health
workers to improve transitions of care
AUTHOR NAMES
Bailey J.E.
Surbhi S.
Bell P.C.
Jones A.M.
Rashed S.
Ugwueke M.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bailey J.E., jeb@uthsc.edu) Department of Medicine and Preventive Medicine,
University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Coleman D222, 956 Court
Ave., Memphis, United States.
(Surbhi S.) Institute for Health Outcomes and Policy, University of
Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, United States.
(Bell P.C.; Jones A.M.; Ugwueke M.O.) Bonheur Healthcare, Memphis, United
States.
(Rashed S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.E. Bailey, Department of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, University of
Tennessee, Health Science Center, Coleman D222, 956 Court Ave., Memphis,
United States. Email: jeb@uthsc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2016) 56:1 (73-81). Date of
Publication: 1 Jan 2016
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, InfoCenter@aphanet.org
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To describe the design, implementation, and early experience of
the SafeMed program, which uses certified pharmacy technicians in a novel
expanded role as community health workers (CPhT-CHWs) to improve transitions
of care. Setting: A large nonprofit health care system serving the major
medically underserved areas and geographic hotspots for readmissions in
Memphis, TN. Practice innovation: The SafeMed program is a care transitions
program with an emphasis on medication management designed to use low-cost
health workers to improve transitions of care from hospital to home for
superutilizing patients with multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy.
Evaluation: CPhT-CHWs were given primary responsibility for patient outreach
after hospital discharge with the use of home visits and telephone
follow-up. SafeMed program CPhT-CHWs served as pharmacist extenders,
obtaining medication histories, assisting in medication reconciliation and
identification of potential drug therapy problems (DTPs), and reinforcing
medication education previously provided by the pharmacist per protocol.
Results: CPhT-CHW training included patient communication skills,
motivational interviewing, medication history taking, teach-back techniques,
drug disposal practices, and basic disease management. Some CPhT-CHWs
experienced difficulties adjusting to an expanded scope of practice.
Nonetheless, once the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy affirmed that envisioned
SafeMed CPhT-CHW roles were consistent with Board rules, additional
responsibilities were added for CPhT-CHWs to enhance their effectiveness.
Patient outreach teams including CPhTCHWs achieved increases in home visit
and telephone follow-up rates and were successful in helping identify
potential DTPs. Conclusion: The early experience of the SafeMed program
demonstrates that CPhT-CHWs are well suited for novel expanded roles to
improve care transitions for superutilizing populations. CPhT-CHWs can
identify and report potential DTPs to the pharmacist to help target
medication therapy management. Critical success factors include strong
CPhT-CHW patient-centered communication skills and strong pharmacist
champions. In collaboration with state pharmacy boards and pharmacist
associations, the SafeMed CPhT-CHW model can be successfully scaled to serve
superutilizing patients throughout the country.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health auxiliary
pharmacy technician
transitional care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anamnesis
article
communication skill
follow up
health care planning
hospital discharge
hospital readmission
human
interpersonal communication
medication therapy management
motivational interviewing
personal experience
pharmacist
polypharmacy
professional practice
responsibility
scope of practice
telephone
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160155826
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2015.11.011
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 11
TITLE
KCa2 channel inhibition in the infralimbic cortex is necessary for
mGluR5-dependent enhancement of synaptic plasticity and extinction of
alcohol-seeking behavior
AUTHOR NAMES
Mulholland P.
Cannady R.
McGonigal J.
Woodward J.
Gass J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mulholland P.; Cannady R.; McGonigal J.; Woodward J.; Gass J.) Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Mulholland, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United
States.
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2015) 40 SUPPL. 1 (S260-S261). Date of Publication:
December 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
54th Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP
2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-12-06 to 2015-12-10
ISSN
0893-133X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Background: Postsynaptic activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors
(mGluRs) enhances induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic
transmission, and mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) show promise
in facilitating cognitive function. Relapse to drugseeking behaviors is a
major obstacle for the successful treatment of individuals with substance
use disorders and repeated exposures to drug-associated cues leads to
craving that promotes consumption and facilitates relapse. Although
cue-exposure therapy (inhibitory learning) should reduce the impact of cues
through repeated, non-contingent cue exposure, this approach has not been
effective in preventing relapse to drugs. Using cognitive enhancers to
facilitate extinction learning of drug-associated cues is a promising
therapeutic approach to reduce relapse rates, and results of preclinical
studies show that mGluR5 PAMs facilitate extinction of drug-seeking
behaviors. In the current study, we targeted a novel molecular target (i.e.,
small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa2) that
facilitates inhibitory learning and examined how pharmacological
manipulation of KCa2 function in the infralimbic prefrontal cortex (IL-PFC)
affects mGluR5-dependent synaptic plasticity and extinction learning of
alcohol-associated cues. Methods: Adult Wistar rats were first trained to
selfadminister alcohol and then underwent extinction training and a
spontaneous recovery test session of alcohol-seeking behaviors. Drugs or
vehicle were administered systemically or were microinjected into the IL-PFC
prior to each extinction training session. Using slices from adult alcohol
naïve rats, whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology and field recordings
were used to determine the molecular mechanisms the drive mGluR5-dependent
enhancement of LTP of IL-PFC neurons. Results: Systemic administration of
the KCa2 channel inhibitor apamin prior to each extinction training session
enhanced extinction of alcohol-seeking behavior. Apamin treated rats
responded significantly fewer times on the previously active lever on
multiple days of extinction training and required fewer sessions to reach
extinction criteria without demonstrating locomotor impairments. Rats
treated with apamin prior to each extinction session also responded
significantly fewer times on the previously active lever during the
spontaneous recovery test performed 3 weeks following extinction. Consistent
with previous findings, mGluR5 activation reduced the amplitude of KCa2
channel-mediated currents in layer V IL-PFC pyramidal neurons, and systemic
treatment with an mGluR5 PAM facilitated extinction learning of
alcohol-associated cues. Microinjection of the KCa2 channel positive
modulator 1-EBIO into the IL-PFC prevented the ability of an mGluR5 PAM to
facilitate extinction learning. Similarly, 1-EBIO coexposure blocked the
ability of an mGluR5 agonist to potentiate LTP in acute IL-PFC slices.
Conclusions: These data provide compelling evidence that activation of
mGluR5s reduce function of KCa2 channels and enhance extinction learning of
alcohol-seeking behavior. A critical finding from the present study is that
the ability of mGluR5 activation to facilitate extinction learning and
synaptic plasticity requires a reduction in KCa2 channel function in the
IL-PFC. The results also demonstrate that blockade of KCa2 channels
facilitates extinction learning of alcohol-associated cues and leads to a
persistent reduction in alcohol-seeking behavior. Overall, the present
findings provide strong preclinical evidence that KCa2 channels are a novel
and effective target for enhancing cue exposure therapy in the treatment of
alcohol use disorder.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
apamin
metabotropic receptor
small conductance calcium activated potassium channel
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
college
drug self administration
infralimbic cortex
learning
nerve cell plasticity
psychopharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
agonist
alcohol use disorder
cognition
drug seeking behavior
electrophysiology
enhancer region
exposure
long term potentiation
microinjection
nerve cell
prefrontal cortex
pyramidal nerve cell
rat
recording
recurrence risk
relapse
substance abuse
synaptic transmission
systemic therapy
therapy
whole cell patch clamp
Wistar rat
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.325
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 12
TITLE
Swiss university students' attitudes toward pharmacological cognitive
enhancement
AUTHOR NAMES
Maier L.J.
Liakoni E.
Schildmann J.
Schaub M.P.
Liechti M.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Maier L.J.; Schaub M.P.) Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and
Addiction (ISGF), Assoc. Inst. at the University of Zurich and WHO
Collaborating Centre, Zurich, Switzerland.
(Liakoni E.; Liechti M.E., matthias.liechti@usb.ch) Division of Clinical
Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Clinical Research, University
Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
(Schildmann J.) Institut for Medizinische Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin,
Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum Deutschland, Germany.
SOURCE
PLoS ONE (2015) 10:12 Article Number: A776. Date of Publication: 1 Dec 2015
ISSN
1932-6203 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Public Library of Science, plos@plos.org
ABSTRACT
Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE) refers to the nonmedical use of
prescription or recreational drugs to enhance cognitive performance. Several
concerns about PCE have been raised in the public. The aim of the present
study was to investigate students' attitudes toward PCE. Students at three
Swiss universities were invited by e-mail to participate in a web-based
survey. Of the 29,282 students who were contacted, 3,056 participated. Of
these students, 22% indicated that they had used prescription drugs (12%) or
recreational substances including alcohol (14%) at least once for PCE. The
use of prescription drugs or recreational substances including alcohol prior
to the last exam was reported by 16%. Users of pharmacological cognitive
enhancers were more likely to consider PCE fair (24%) compared with nonusers
(11%). Only a minority of the participants agreed with the nonmedical use of
prescription drugs by fellow students when assuming weak (7%) or
hypothetically strong efficacy and availability to everyone (14%).
Two-Thirds (68%) considered performance that is obtained with PCE less
worthy of recognition. Additionally, 80% disagreed that PCE is acceptable in
a competitive environment. More than half (64%) agreed that PCE in academia
is similar to doping in sports. Nearly half (48%) claimed that unregulated
access to pharmacological cognitive enhancers increases the pressure to
engage in PCE and educational inequality (55%). In conclusion, Swiss
students' main concerns regarding PCE were related to coercion and fairness.
As expected, these concerns were more prevalent among nonusers than among
users of pharmacological cognitive enhancers. More balanced information on
PCE should be shared with students, and future monitoring of PCE is
recommended.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
prescription drug
recreational drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognitive remediation therapy
pharmacological cognitive enhancement
student attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
adolescent
adult
aged
article
doping
drug use
fairness
female
human
human relation
male
personal autonomy
persuasive communication
safety
Switzerland
university student
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160078879
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144402
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 13
TITLE
Evaluation and potential impact of critical care pharmacists' interventions
in singapore
AUTHOR NAMES
Tee C.
Ngai M.
Tang S.
Yeoh S.F.
Li J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tee C.; Ngai M.; Tang S.; Yeoh S.F.; Li J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Tee,
SOURCE
Critical Care Medicine (2015) 43:12 SUPPL. 1 (204). Date of Publication:
December 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
45th Critical Care Congress of the Society of Critical Care Medicine, SCCM
2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2016-02-20 to 2016-02-24
ISSN
0090-3493
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Learning Objectives: Critical care pharmacists have been recognized to be an
integral part of the multidisciplinary Intensive-Care Unit (ICU) team.
However, studies evaluating the impact of having dedicated ICU pharmacists
are largely limited to North America. We aim to characterize the critical
care pharmacists' contributions in a university teaching hospital in
Singapore. Methods: This is a retrospective evaluation of the critical care
pharmacists' interventions in a single university teaching hospital
(1228-bed) over 6 mo from January to June 2015. The adult ICUs (54-beds)
included were the medical, surgical and cardio-thoracic ICUs. Potential
impact of the interventions were analysed based on the primary outcomes of
cost avoidance, prevention of adverse effects and optimization of therapy.
These interventions were further classified according to FASTHUG categories
and drug-related problems (DRPs). Results: Of the 1378 patients admitted to
the 3 ICUs during the 6-month study period, 45% of them had pharmacist
interventions. A total of 1705 interventions were made, with an average of
12.9 interventions per work day and 2.8 interventions per patient. Majority
of the interventions were targeted at the prevention of adverse effects
(55.1%), followed by the optimization of therapy (37.8%) and cost avoidance
(7%). The most common interventions were related to infectious diseases
(34.1%), glycemic control (8.8%) and the cardiovascular system (8.7%). The
top 3 interventions based on DRPs were dosage regimen (51.7%),
recommendation of alternative therapies (14.2%) and drug use without
indication (10.9%). Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first
published data characterizing critical care pharmacists' interventions in
Singapore. Substantial interventions were made across various clinical
areas, the majority of which is to prevent adverse effects. This can serve
as background knowledge on identifying the current gaps in ICU management
and implementing appropriate guidelines. Future studies are needed to
evaluate how these interventions impact ICU length of stay, mortality and
drug costs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
intensive care
pharmacist
Singapore
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
adverse drug reaction
alternative medicine
cardiovascular system
drug cost
drug dose regimen
drug use
glycemic control
infection
intensive care unit
learning
length of stay
mortality
North America
patient
prevention
teaching hospital
therapy
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000474638.84166.b4
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 14
TITLE
Text mining for pharmacovigilance: Using machine learning for drug name
recognition and drug-drug interaction extraction and classification
AUTHOR NAMES
Ben Abacha A.
Chowdhury M.F.M.
Karanasiou A.
Mrabet Y.
Lavelli A.
Zweigenbaum P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ben Abacha A., asma.benabacha@list.lu; Karanasiou A.,
aikaterini.karanasiou@list.lu; Mrabet Y., yassine.mrabet@list.lu) Luxembourg
Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg.
(Chowdhury M.F.M., mchowdh@us.ibm.com) IBM Research, United States.
(Lavelli A., lavelli@fbk.eu) HLT Research Unit, FBK, Trento, Italy.
(Zweigenbaum P., pz@limsi.fr) LIMSI-CNRS, Orsay, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Ben Abacha, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg.
Email: asma.benabacha@list.lu
SOURCE
Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2015) 58 (122-132). Date of Publication:
1 Dec 2015
ISSN
1532-0464
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Press Inc., apjcs@harcourt.com
ABSTRACT
Pharmacovigilance (PV) is defined by the World Health Organization as the
science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding
and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. An
essential aspect in PV is to acquire knowledge about Drug-Drug Interactions
(DDIs). The shared tasks on DDI-Extraction organized in 2011 and 2013 have
pointed out the importance of this issue and provided benchmarks for: Drug
Name Recognition, DDI extraction and DDI classification. In this paper, we
present our text mining systems for these tasks and evaluate their results
on the DDI-Extraction benchmarks. Our systems rely on machine learning
techniques using both feature-based and kernel-based methods. The obtained
results for drug name recognition are encouraging. For DDI-Extraction, our
hybrid system combining a feature-based method and a kernel-based method was
ranked second in the DDI-Extraction-2011 challenge, and our two-step system
for DDI detection and classification was ranked first in the
DDI-Extraction-2013 task at SemEval. We discuss our methods and results and
give pointers to future work.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
classification algorithm
data extraction
data mining
drug surveillance program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accuracy
article
classifier
data analysis
kernel method
linear system
mathematical analysis
mathematical model
prediction
priority journal
probability
semantics
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015541939
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2015.09.015
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 15
TITLE
Community pharmacists' perceptions of neonatal abstinence syndrome and
opioid-based medication-assisted treatment in Northeast
AUTHOR NAMES
Sevak T.R.
Click I.
Basden J.A.
Hagemeier N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sevak T.R.; Hagemeier N.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Gatton College
of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, United States.
(Click I.; Basden J.A.) Department of Family Medicine, Quillen College of
Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Mountain Home, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.R. Sevak, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Gatton College of Pharmacy,
East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e324). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in Tennessee
has increased over ten-fold in the last 15 years and is strongly linked to
increased maternal use and abuse of prescription and illicit opioids.
Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to engage in dispensing and patient-care
activities associated with medication-assisted treatment (MAT) of addiction
during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine perceptions of
pharmacists regarding MAT, MAT providers, and NAS as a consequence of MAT.
Given increased NAS prevalence over the last two decades, we also evaluated
perceptions of younger versus older pharmacists. METHODS: One hundred
pharmacists were randomly selected from a state directory of 332 licensed
community pharmacists in the 8-county Northeast Tennessee region. Survey
administration followed the Tailored Design Method. Survey items were
responded to using a 7-point Likert scale and assessed pharmacists'
perceptions regarding pregnancy substance use concerns, estimates of NAS in
Tennessee due to MAT, attitudes toward MAT in pregnancy, and trustworthiness
of buprenorphine prescribers. Independent samples t-tests were used to
compare NAS estimates and composite MAT-attitude scores across pharmacists'
age (<45 versus ≥45). The East Tennessee State University Institutional
Review Board approved the study. RESULTS: Substance use during pregnancy was
a concern of a majority (75.8%) of pharmacist respondents. NAS estimates
attributable to MAT were significantly greater for younger pharmacists (61%)
as compared to older pharmacists (30%, p = 0.012). Attitudes of young
pharmacists towards MAT were significantly less positive than those of older
pharmacists (3.1 ± 0.5 versus 5.0 ± 0.4, p = 0.01). Overall, 3.7% of
pharmacists indicated that they trust regional buprenorphine prescribers.
CONCLUSION: A large majority of pharmacists are concerned about substance
use during pregnancy in their practice and report mistrust of buprenorphine
prescribers. Younger pharmacists had relatively negative perceptions of MAT
during pregnancy, which may be related to their more accurate estimates of
MAT-associated NAS cases in Tennessee.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
addiction
directory
institutional review
Likert scale
patient care
pregnancy
prescription
prevalence
Student t test
substance use
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 16
TITLE
A pharmacist-physician collaboration to optimize benzodiazepine use and
anxiety/sleep symptom control in primary care
AUTHOR NAMES
Furbish S.
Trinkley K.E.
Nelson J.
Kroehl M.
Mindy Lam H.
Lewis C.
Loeb D.
Chow Z.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Furbish S.; Trinkley K.E.; Kroehl M.) University of Colorado, Skaggs School
of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, United States.
(Nelson J.; Kroehl M.; Mindy Lam H.; Lewis C.; Loeb D.; Chow Z.) University
of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Furbish, University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e290-e291). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Benzodiazepines are often prescribed inappropriately, leading to
increased risk of preventable adverse events, potential for abuse and
addiction and suboptimal anxiety symptom relief. The purpose of this study
is to (1) increase the proportion of patients who are appropriately
prescribed a benzodiazepine; and (2) improve anxiety and sleep symptom
control. METHODS: Patients who receive care at an academic internal medicine
clinic were screened for inappropriate benzodiazepine use. Patients
prescribed an inappropriate benzodiazepine, determined by chart review, were
referred to the clinic's clinical pharmacy team, pending provider approval.
The pharmacy team was the intervention, who assessed their benzodiazepine
use and symptom control and managed therapy under protocol. Outcomes include
proportion of appropriate prescriptions and symptom severity measured by
validated instruments. The Clopper- Pearson exact method will be used to
estimate the confidence interval around the estimate of patients who were
switched to an appropriate prescription. Change in symptom scores will be
assessed as continuous data using the paired t-test for parametric data and
Wilcoxon signed rank test for nonparametric data. RESULTS: Of 1156 patients
prescribed a benzodiazepine, 280 prescriptions were deemed potentially
inappropriate and 88 referrals were approved. To date, 19 patients were seen
once, and two patients were seen twice. Across 21 visits, there were 15
medication changes, including 5 (26%) benzodiazepine discontinuations, 2
(11%) benzodiazepines switched to a more preferred/safer benzodiazepine; and
8 (42%) optimizations of non-benzodiazepine therapy. Eight (42%) patients
had no regimen changes because therapy was deemed appropriate or the patient
was resistant. Symptom improvement is not able to be assessed yet.
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results support the role of pharmacists as
members of the primary care team, specifically in decreasing inappropriate
benzodiazepine prescribing. When recruitment ends October 2015, we will be
able to assess the impact on symptom improvement.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
pharmacist
physician
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
addiction
anxiety
confidence interval
drug therapy
hospital
internal medicine
medical record review
patient
pharmacy
prescription
risk
sleep
Student t test
therapy
Wilcoxon signed ranks test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 17
TITLE
Naloxone pharmacist prescriptive authority program: Early successes with
prescribing Naloxone rescue kits in New Mexico
AUTHOR NAMES
Bachyrycz A.
Shrestha S.
Shah D.
Tinker D.
Bakhireva L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bachyrycz A.; Shrestha S.; Shah D.; Bakhireva L.) Department of Pharmacy
Practice and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New
Mexico, Albuquerque, United States.
(Tinker D.) New Mexico Pharmacists Association, Albuquerque, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Bachyrycz, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences,
College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e223). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Current New Mexico legislation allows certified pharmacists to
prescribe, dispense and educate patients about the naloxone rescue kits
(NRKs). The objective of this study was to describe the preliminary data
collected through the Naloxone Pharmacist Prescriptive Authority Program and
to evaluate specific trends in opioid overdose prevention in New Mexico
pharmacies. METHODS: During 2014, 157 pharmacists participated in the
training about prescription of NRKs and patient education. After prescribing
and/or dispensing of NRKs, pharmacists participating in the Program were
asked to complete a brief reporting form, which captured patient demographic
characteristics, reasons for NRK prescriptions, and the concurrent use of
other substances. RESULTS: As of January, 2015, pharmacists reported
dispensing NRKs to 62 patients during the first 9 months of the Program. The
mean age of participating patients was 39.9 ± 14.8 years (range: 19-76
years) and there were 40% female participants. For the majority of patients
(90%) NRKs were prescribed for the first time; for the remaining 10% it was
a refill. The most common reason for NRKs prescription was due to high-dose
of prescription opioids (37.1%), followed by long-term opioid use (35.4%).
Request for NRKs by a patient was primarily from patients on opioid
maintenance therapy. After opioids (heroin, opioid-maintenance, prescription
analgesics), benzodiazepines were reported the most frequently as a
co-exposure (17.7%). The majority of the patients (42%) reported polydrug
use. CONCLUSION: These preliminary results indicate that pharmacists can
play a vital role in identifying high risk patients susceptible to opioid
overdose and prescribe, dispense, and educate patients on the use of NRKs
effectively, thus helping to minimize opioid overdose throughout the state.
Future goal of the Program includes evaluation of pharmacists' and patients'
perceived barriers towards prescribing and requesting NRKs, respectively.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naloxone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
benzodiazepine derivative
diamorphine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
pharmacist
prescriptive authority
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
demography
drug megadose
exposure
female
high risk patient
intoxication
law
maintenance therapy
multiple drug abuse
patient
patient education
pharmacy
prescription
prevention
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 18
TITLE
Clinical contact workshop for pharmacy students in a Mexican University
AUTHOR NAMES
Bassó-Quevedo R.F.
Del Carmen Medel-Bojórquez M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bassó-Quevedo R.F.; Del Carmen Medel-Bojórquez M.) Facultad De Ciencias
Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma De Baja California, Tijuana,
B.C., Mexico.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.F. Bassó-Quevedo, Facultad De Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad
Autónoma De Baja California, Tijuana, B.C., Mexico.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e241). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Through the implementation of a Clinical Contact Workshop (CCW),
pharmacy students can improve their knowledge and clinical skills on
pharmacotherapy. Due to a lack of a clinical practice rotation in most
Mexican pharmacy schools, the students have their only opportunity to be
introduced to the hospital environment. METHODS: The curriculum of the
Mexican pharmacy schools do not have clinical practice rotations in the
hospital, therefore a CCW was implemented. During the CCW, the students 1)
Created and implemented formats to document the pharmacological history of
patients, 2) Attended to the medical rounds, 3) Interviewed a minimum of two
hospitalized patients, 4) Evaluated their pharmacotherapy, mainly in search
for Drug Related Problems and 5) Wrote a pharmaceutical intervention for
each of them. The interventions were sent to a staff pharmacist for
assessment and the patient cases were presented to an audience. RESULTS:
This workshop has been implemented during the last six semesters, 134
students has attend to it and there have been 272 patient cases; the
interventions were evaluated by the pharmacists as good or very good in 76%
of them; their clinical and communication skills, improved by 80% between
the first and second case. It has been a rewarding experience to 89% of the
students, both academically and in the humanities. CONCLUSION: The students
developed better clinical skills in the real hospital environment, than the
ones that could be acquired in a classroom. Being with patients created a
sense of responsibility in the students. The interventions presented were
well received by the pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
Mexican
pharmacy student
university
workshop
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical practice
communication skill
curriculum
drug therapy
hospital
hospital patient
humanities
patient
pharmacist
responsibility
school
skill
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 19
TITLE
Building capacity to improve medication use in Uganda through a short-term,
experiential pharmaceutical care skills training program in the USA for
Ugandan pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Bohan K.B.
Akajagbor D.
Adome R.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bohan K.B.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wilkes University,
Wilkes-Barre, United States.
(Akajagbor D.) School of Pharmacy, D'Youville College, Buffalo, United
States.
(Adome R.O.) Department of Pharmacy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.B. Bohan, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wilkes University,
Wilkes-Barre, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e236-e237). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Most Ugandan pharmacists don't participate in direct patient care
or work with other healthcare providers (HCP) to improve medication use
because pharmaceutical care (PC) training in their Bachelors of Pharmacy
programs is lacking. Literature has shown interprofessional practice (IPP)
can improve quality of care. Such collaboration could produce positive
outcomes in Uganda but advanced training isn't available in-country. Since
it is very difficult for internationally trained pharmacists to qualify for
advanced clinical training in the USA, a short-term experiential course in
the USA was developed to teach PC skills, instill confidence, and provide
direction for improving medication use. METHODS: Two USA schools of pharmacy
collaborated with Makerere University Department of Pharmacy in Kampala and
the Pharmaceutical Society of Uganda to develop an 8-week experiential
training program in the USA. It focused on teaching medical information
literacy, improving oral communication with both patients and HCP, and
resolving drug therapy problems. Participants funded their J-1 visa and
international flight but the American pharmacy schools jointly funded all
expenses once in the USA. RESULTS: Two pharmacists were chosen based on
their motivation, clinical aptitude, and prior initiatives in starting new
programs at their institutions in Uganda. The PC training was similar to
Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiential rotations and included exposure to
community, hospital, ambulatory care, and administrative pharmacy practice.
Since returning, the participants have become involved in multidisciplinary
ward rounds for improving patient care and training pharmacy students and
interns in Uganda. They agreed the program not only improved their skills
but also increased their confidence to participate in direct patient care.
CONCLUSIONS: This opportunity for pharmacists to observe, participate and be
mentored in the provision of PC to patients in the USA is unique approach to
building capacity to improve medication use in Uganda. It will be repeated
in 2015.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
skill
training
Uganda
Ugandan
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
aptitude
community hospital
exposure
flight
health care organization
health care personnel
information literacy
medical information
motivation
oral communication
patient
patient care
pharmacy
pharmacy student
school
teaching
university
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 20
TITLE
Correlates of prescription opioid legitimacy estimations among community
pharmacists in tennessee
AUTHOR NAMES
Hagemeier N.E.
Alamian A.
Murawski M.M.
Pack R.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hagemeier N.E.) Pharmacy Practice, East Tennessee State University, Johnson
City, United States.
(Alamian A.) Biostatistics and Epidemiology, East Tennessee State
University, Johnson City, United States.
(Murawski M.M.) Pharmacy Administration, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
United States.
(Pack R.P.) Community and Behavioral Health, East Tennessee State
University, Johnson City, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.E. Hagemeier, Pharmacy Practice, East Tennessee State University, Johnson
City, United States.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 156 (e87). Date of Publication: 1 Nov
2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, CPDD 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-06-13 to 2015-06-18
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: Community pharmacists have a corresponding responsibility to evaluate
and verify prescription legitimacy prior to dispensing. Yet, our previous
research indicates pharmacists dispense prescriptions perceived to be
illegitimate. We examined practice- and pharmacist-specific correlates of
prescription opioid (PO) legitimacy estimations among Tennessee community
pharmacists. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2000 Tennessee pharmacists
was conducted to elicit pharmacists' self-reported attitudes, beliefs, and
behaviors specific to PO dispensing and legitimacy. Pharmacist (e.g.,
gender, years in practice, hours worked per week) and practice (e.g.,
prescription volume, setting, geographic region) characteristics were
obtained. PO legitimacy estimations were defined in tertiles as “low”
(0-29%), “moderate” (30-79%), and “high” (80-100%) legitimacy. Multinomial
logistic regression techniques were used to investigate correlates of low
and moderate perceived legitimacy against the reference of high perceived
legitimacy. Results: Being female, practicing in a chain or independent
practice setting, fear of employer disciplinary action if PO legitimacy is
questioned, and self-confidence in one's ability to detect PO abuse
increased the odds of low (vs. high) PO legitimacy estimation. Employment in
chain and independent pharmacies, having POs as a greater percent of total
prescriptions filled, and having the perception of PO abuse as a problem in
the practice setting were significant positive correlates of moderate (vs
high) PO legitimacy estimation. Conclusions: Both modifiable and
non-modifiable correlates were statistically significantly associated with
PO legitimacy perceptions. Distinct correlates were noted across low and
moderate as compared to high estimations of PO legitimacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug dependence
human
pharmacist
prescription
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
cross-sectional study
employer
employment
fear
female
gender
logistic regression analysis
pharmacy
responsibility
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.1154
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 21
TITLE
Pharmacist-run medication compliance clinic in oncology patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Cheng G.M.Y.
Wong L.K.M.
Mak T.C.Y.
Yiu H.H.Y.
Law K.K.M.
Leung W.Y.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cheng G.M.Y.; Wong L.K.M.; Mak T.C.Y.; Law K.K.M.; Leung W.Y.S.) Department
of Pharmacy, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
(Yiu H.H.Y.) Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong
Kong, Hong Kong.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.M.Y. Cheng, Department of Pharmacy, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong,
Hong Kong.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e252-e253). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: As the oncology treatment paradigm shifts from inpatient to
out-patient setting, patients have to be well trained to be responsible for
managing their medications at home. Pharmacist- run medication compliance
clinic was established to improve quality and safety of drug management in
patients started on oral anticancer therapy.This audit aims to evaluate the
number and type of drug-related problems (DRPs) identified. METHODS:
Patients who were newly prescribed oral anticancer medications in Queen
Elizabeth Hospital were referred to the pharmacist medication compliance
clinic. Interventions made by oncology pharmacist in 2013 were documented in
this prospective audit. Details of interventions were recorded into an
electronic database. These interventions were then classified according to
the nature of problem, cause, type of intervention and outcome using
Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) Classification scheme for DRPs.
RESULTS: A total of 379 patients attended the clinic in 2013, with 185
interventions recorded. Majority of DRPs were related to patients failing to
use drug properly, and 95% could be solved by the pharmacist at patient
level. Top three causes were inappropriate timing of administration and/or
dosing intervals (43%), followed by drug under administered/not administered
at all (21%) and patient unable to use drug or form as directed (5.9%).
Capecitabine was generally failed to be taken after meals or every twelve
hours. Drug interactions between tyrosine-kinase inhibitors and gastric acid
inhibitors were also identified. 84% of the DRPs were rated as significant
or above in which three of them were regarded as serious. Safe handling
education was provided to five patients with swallowing difficulties.
Request for additional supportive care medications were made by 31 patients.
CONCLUSION: With pharmacist counselling, patients can be better educated to
be responsible for managing their oral anticancer therapy in terms of
administration, side effect management and drug interaction management.
Supportive care medication prescribing can be a potential area for future
development.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
capecitabine
protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
human
medication compliance
oncology
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
counseling
data base
drug interaction
drug therapy
education
Europe
hospital patient
meal
medical audit
outpatient
pharmaceutical care
safety
side effect
stomach acid
swallowing
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 22
TITLE
Evaluation of a collaborative care model with pharmacist-led medication
reviews for adults on haemodialysis
AUTHOR NAMES
Gwee X.A.
Cheen H.H.M.
Chow M.Y.M.
Khee G.Y.
Lim Y.L.C.
Wan C.N.
Chang W.T.
Choong H.L.L.
Lim P.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gwee X.A.; Cheen H.H.M.; Chow M.Y.M.; Khee G.Y.; Lim Y.L.C.; Wan C.N.;
Chang W.T.; Lim P.S.) Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital,
Singapore, Singapore.
(Choong H.L.L.) Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital,
Singapore, Singapore.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
X.A. Gwee, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore,
Singapore.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e177). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of drugrelated
problems (DRPs) in patients seen at the haemodialysis (HD) disease
management clinic at an academic medical centre, and evaluate the
effectiveness of a collaborative care (CC) model comprising of nephrologists
and pharmacists in resolving DRPs and reducing pill burden. Secondary aims
included identifying medication classes implicated in DRPs, evaluating the
impact of CC on hospital admissions and exploring factors associated with
DRPs. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included all patients
managed by CC between January 2013 and April 2014. Study data was obtained
from the clinic's electronic database. Patient characteristics, prevalence
and types of DRPs and pharmacist interventions were summarized using
descriptive statistics. Changes in number of medications and pill burden
were compared using paired t-test. Hospital admissions were analyzed using
Poisson regression. Factors associated with DRPs were identified using
multiple linear regression. RESULTS: The study included 113 patients aged
61.5 ± 10.9 years. Twenty-six (23.0%) patients were newly initiated on HD
within 3 months, and mean HD duration was 3.4 ± 4.1 years. A total of 390
DRPs (mean = 3.5 ± 2.3) were identified, with patients' failure to receive
medication (42.8%), medication use without indication (15.9%) and untreated
indication (11.5%) being the most common. Pharmacists resolved 75.6% of DRPs
and reduced mean pill burden by 2.0 ± 3.6 (p < 0.001). Nephrologists
accepted 69.8% of the 258 recommendations made by pharmacists. Medications
for cardiovascular disease (23.5%), mineral and bone disorders control
(15.9%) and anaemia control (15.4%) were commonly implicated in DRPs. A
non-statistically significant reduction in hospital admissions was observed
post-review (IRR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.49-1.10). Baseline number of medications (b
= 0.205; 95% CI: 0.042-0.369) and Indian ethnicity (b = 3.502; 95% CI:
1.791-5.213) were positively associated with DRPs. CONCLUSION: DRPs are
highly prevalent in adults on HD. A CC model can resolve DRPs and reduce
pill burden, translating to decreased health care utilization.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
mineral
reducing agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
hemodialysis
human
model
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anemia
bone disease
cardiovascular disease
data base
disease management
ethnicity
health care utilization
hospital
hospital admission
Indian
multiple linear regression analysis
nephrologist
observational study
patient
pill
prevalence
statistics
Student t test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 23
TITLE
The pharmacist's role in readmission rates in transitional care management
in a family medicine clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Philbrick A.M.
Harris I.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Philbrick A.M.) Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems,
University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United States.
(Harris I.M.) Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University
of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.M. Philbrick, Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems,
University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e219). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe and assess the outcomes of a six month pilot of a
Transitional Care Management (TCM) program at a family medicine clinic.
METHODS: Patients discharged from the clinic's affiliated hospital were
contacted within two business days of discharge and asked to make an
appointment for hospital follow up within seven business days. If a clinical
pharmacist was available, patients were scheduled for a joint 40 minute
appointment with the clinical pharmacist and medical provider. During these
visits, the pharmacist reconciled the patient's medications, updated the
medication list in the electronic health record (EHR), provided
comprehensive medication management (CMM), and faxed the updated medication
list to the patient's pharmacy with instructions to discontinue all
medications not listed. If the clinical pharmacist was not present, patients
were scheduled for a 40 minute appointment with the medical provider, who
was responsible for ensuring the EHR medication list was up to date.
RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were seen for TCM during the first two months
of the program, of which 21 (60%) were seen by a clinical pharmacist.
Thirty-day readmission rates are available for 24 patients (16 pharmacist
patients and 8 non-pharmacist patients), with one patient in each group
readmitting at 30 days (p = 0.6). However the sample size is too small
currently to detect a difference. Patient seen by the pharmacist had an
average of 6.9 medication discrepancies and 2.86 drug-related problems
(DRPs) identified. The most common DRP identified was indication - needs
additional therapy (33.3% of all DRPs). Eighty percent of DRPs were
resolved; the remaining were to be implemented at the next visit. The study
is ongoing and six month data will be reported. CONCLUSION: A clinical
pharmacist provides a valuable role in the TCM process by not only
identifying and resolving medication discrepancies, but also by identifying
and resolving drugrelated problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
family medicine
hospital
hospital readmission
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
commercial phenomena
drug therapy
electronic medical record
follow up
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacy
sample size
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 24
TITLE
Pharmacist-led medication review for elderly with fall-related admissions in
Hong Kong
AUTHOR NAMES
Cheung K.
Chan C.C.
Yim T.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cheung K.; Chan C.C.) Department of Pharmacy, United Christian Hospital,
Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
(Yim T.K.) Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital,
Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Cheung, Department of Pharmacy, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong,
Hong Kong.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e246-e247). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Certain medications, e.g. psychoactive drugs, and polypharmacy have
been shown to increase fall risk in the elderly. This paper aims at
describing the development, delivery, and preliminary outcomes of
pharmacist-led medication review as part of a multidisciplinary fall
assessment and prevention program for elderly in an acute hospital in Hong
Kong. METHODS: Two clinical pharmacists have become members of a
multidisciplinary fall assessment team since October 2014. A list of
fall-risk increasing drugs (FRID) was compiled based on literature review. A
pharmacist fall assessment form was then developed to address four
medication-related fall risks, namely, (1) use of FRID, (2) anticholinergic
burden, (3) polypharmacy and (4) medication nonadherence. A senior
geriatrician referred elderly patients admitted for falls with or without
hip fracture to clinical pharmacists for medication review. Clinical
pharmacists then provided bedside patient interview for medication
reconciliation, assessment of patients' medication-related fall risks, and
identification of adverse drug reactions and other drug-related problems.
When appropriate, clinical pharmacists provided recommendations on
optimizing patients' drug regimen directly to physicians. RESULTS: Between
October and December 2014, clinical pharmacists interviewed 133 patients and
made 36 interventions that were all accepted by physicians. Nature of these
interventions and their relative frequencies were summarized as below:
(Table presented) CONCLUSION: Pharmacists can play an important role in
minimizing medication-related fall risks and managing various drugrelated
problems through comprehensive medication review for geriatric patients
admitted for falls.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aged
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
Hong Kong
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
fall risk
geriatric patient
geriatrician
hip fracture
hospital
interview
medication therapy management
patient
physician
polypharmacy
prevention
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 25
TITLE
Association between discharge pharmacist counseling techniques and hospital
readmission rate
AUTHOR NAMES
Abulezz IV R.
Alaifan III T.
Al-Azmi III A.
Attar IV A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Abulezz IV R.) Pharmacy Department, Prince Mohamed bin Abdulaziz Hospital-
NGHA, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
(Alaifan III T.) Internal Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Dentistry
Western University, London, Canada.
(Al-Azmi III A.) Pharmaceutical care, King Abdulaziz Medical
City-Jeddah-NGHA, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
(Attar IV A.) School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Abulezz IV, Pharmacy Department, Prince Mohamed bin Abdulaziz Hospital-
NGHA, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e191). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We evaluated the impact of a new discharge counseling technique on
patients' readmission rate and on identifying medication discrepancies
during discharge. METHODS: A retrospective investigational study was
conducted to compare the 30-day readmission rate among patients subjected to
the new counseling method with those of the standard methods (primary
objective). The secondary objective was to evaluate the frequency and types
of drug-related problems detected at the time of discharge among both
groups. Inclusion criteria were patients who were counseled using the new
counseling technique and all patients who were counseled using the standard
techniques over a period of 2 months. RESULTS: We identified 191 patients
counseled using the standard technique and 233 patients counseled using the
new technique. The readmission rate was lower by approximately 28% for the
new counseling technique (21.5%) compared with those subjected to the
standard one (29.8%; p < 0.05; OR: 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI],
1.002-2.418). The discrepancies were more frequently detected among patients
who were subjected to the new technique (20.6%) compared with those who were
counseled using the standard technique (5.2%; p < 0.05). There were
statistically significant differences regarding the type of diagnosis and
sex between the two groups. The adjusted odds ratio for readmission within
30 days is 1.876 (95% CI, 1.162-3.028; p = 0.01) after adjusting for sex,
and diagnosis, number of identified discrepancies, and number of
medications. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the new discharge counseling
technique was associated with a lower readmission rate and improved
detection of identified discrepancies 4 times more than the standard
technique for identified high-risk adult and pediatric patients.
Larger-scale prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
counseling
hospital readmission
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
confidence interval
diagnosis
drug therapy
patient
prospective study
risk
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 26
TITLE
Provision of pharmacy interventions to promote medication safety in a
selected medical center in the Philippines-great catch program
AUTHOR NAMES
Docuyanan H.F.
Robles M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Docuyanan H.F.) Philippine Society of Hospital Pharmacists (PSHP), Makati
City, Philippines.
(Robles M.J.) Department of Pharmacy Services, Clinical Pharmacy Section,
Makati Medical Center, Makati City, Philippines.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.F. Docuyanan, Philippine Society of Hospital Pharmacists (PSHP), Makati
City, Philippines.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e251). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To provide pharmacy interventions in order to prevent medication
errors, and promote medication safety. METHODS: Prospective, date gathering
of interventions provided There are several stages in the medication
management system when pharmacy interventions are provided by either the
inpatient pharmacist or the clinical pharmacist. The stages are:
prescribing, transcribing, drug appropriateness review, medication order
review and drug therapy monitoring (clinical pharmacy rounds) and
administration validation through Medication Administration Record review.
Every time the pharmacist identifies a drug-related problem, he/she provides
interventions - will refer to the prescribing physician or the nurse and
recommend resolutions so that errors are intercepted or corrected.
Documentation is done for every intervention. Data is reported to the
Medication Safety Subcommittee and Therapeutics Committee for system
improvement initiatives. Pharmacists with the most number of interventions
are recognized and appreciated every month and a special award is given at
the end of the year. RESULTS: Pharmacy interventions are greatly useful
during the prescribing stage and transcribing stage. These are where most of
the errors are intercepted and corrected. Pharmacy interventions are usually
provided during the drug appropriateness review and clinical pharmacy
rounds. Doctors and nurses are the most common persons contacted in order to
resolve the identified problem. The most common resolutions are to initiate
new drug order, corrected the error or clarify the order. Average acceptance
rate to the intervention is 98.7%. The average time to resolve the
intervention is 11 minutes. CONCLUSION: Provision of pharmacy interventions
intercepts and prevents medication errors. It also promotes patient safety
by identifying potential harm caused by drug interactions or drug reactions,
and recommending solutions accordingly. The great catch program through
provision of pharmacy interventions is one of the effective tools in
developing a culture of safety.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
new drug
nonoxinol 9
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
pharmacy
Philippines
safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
awards and prizes
documentation
drug interaction
hospital patient
human
medical record review
medication error
medication therapy management
monitoring
nurse
patient safety
pharmacist
physician
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 27
TITLE
Advancing pharmacy practice through a novel chronic myeloid leukemia
ambulatory care in Brazil: Structure, process and results
AUTHOR NAMES
Okumura L.
Antunes V.
Aguiar K.
Farias T.
Andrzejevski V.
Funke V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Okumura L.) Clinical Pharmacy, Hospital Pharmacy Division, Hospital De
Clínicas De Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
(Antunes V.; Aguiar K.; Farias T.; Andrzejevski V.; Funke V.) Clinical
Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Okumura, Clinical Pharmacy, Hospital Pharmacy Division, Hospital De
Clínicas De Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e258). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) has become a longstanding disease
after the introduction of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI). Thenceforth,
adherence to this drug class is one of the most important clinical
endpoints, when treating such hematologic neoplasm. Pharmacists-driven
ambulatory services comprise an interesting strategy to promote adherence
within CML patients, but few studies have been addressing innovation on
these services. This pilot study aims to characterize a novel clinical
pharmacy service to CML patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study
conducted in a Brazilian University Hospital (Reference Hematology Centre).
We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical data from CML patients
on TKI therapy, who were attended by clinical pharmacists in 2014. Data were
expressed as descriptive statistics. We also described the structure,
process (how patients were selected to consultations) and results (number of
Drug-Related Problems and interventions) from this service. RESULTS: Based
on chart reviews, patients were selected to pharmacists' consultation on the
day before physicians' consultations. In the aforementioned setting, there
were 300 patients/year receiving TKI therapy, and clinical pharmacists
provided consultations to 150 patients, which were predominantly men (55%)
with 51.7 (±15.5) years old. Most of them had 1 (IQR=2) comorbidity and were
on 3 (IQR=3) medications. Regarding CML, most of them were on adequate
response to therapy (105 achieved Major or Complete Molecular Response).
Pharmacists identified 70 drug-related problems, of which 10 were related to
incorrect TKI administration (with or without food) and 16 were due to TKI
dose omission (due to unmanaged adverse reactions). CONCLUSION: Chart
reviews before pharmacists consultations organized the ambulatory service by
selecting relevant patients with confirmed or suspected drug therapy
problems, which were solved within medical staff, patients or caregivers.
Consulting patients before physicians could also address a thorough
assessment on incorrect TKI use before suggesting tumor resistance or
disease progression.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ambulatory care
American
Brazil
chronic myeloid leukemia
clinical pharmacy
college
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
Brazilian
caregiver
clinical study
comorbidity
consultation
cross-sectional study
disease course
drug therapy
food
hematologic disease
hematology
hospital department
human
male
medical record review
medical staff
patient
pharmacist
physician
pilot study
statistics
therapy
tumor resistance
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 28
TITLE
Development and Implementation of a pharmaceutical care skills course in
Uganda through the Fulbright specialist program
AUTHOR NAMES
Bohan K.B.
Adome R.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bohan K.B.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wilkes University, Wilkes-
Barre, United States.
(Adome R.O.) Department of Pharmacy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.B. Bohan, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wilkes University, Wilkes-
Barre, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e237-e238). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The curriculum of the Bachelors of Pharmacy program at Makerere
University (MU) in Kampala, Uganda is primarily didactic and
knowledge-based. Although students learn therapeutics in the classroom
setting, there is little skills or experiential training provided. The goal
of this project was to develop and implement curriculum to train
undergraduate pharmacy students in the skills required to perform
Pharmaceutical Care (PC) during patient interactions to improve medication
use. METHODS: A collaboration between MU and the Fulbright Specialist
Program provided support for three trips to Uganda. A needs assessment to
inventory the current curriculum and identify gaps in the teaching of
knowledge and skills was conducted in trip 1. Findings were used to write
learning outcomes and a PC Clinical Skills Lab (PCSL) was developed to meet
theses outcomes. It was taught during trip 2 using a train-the-teacher model
for faculty development. The PCSL also included an experiential component at
the university teaching hospital. Preceptor training materials were
developed. During trip 3, the learning outcomes were assessed using OSCEs
and reflective writing. RESULTS: In fall 2014, nine classes of the PCSL were
taught to both 3rd and 4th year Bachelors of Pharmacy students. Topics
included patient interview skills, counseling, communicating with healthcare
providers, and drug therapy problem identification and management. During
the OSCE, 3rd year students outperformed 4th year students. Reflective
writing demonstrated stu-dents were using the new skills to care for
patients and improved throughout the term. CONCLUSION: The PCSL successfully
taught Ugandan pharmacy students how to interact with patients and
collaborate with other healthcare providers to improve medication use. It
was well accepted by both students and faculty and will be taught again in
Fall 2015.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
medical specialist
pharmaceutical care
skill
Uganda
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
counseling
curriculum
drug therapy
health care personnel
interview
learning
model
needs assessment
patient
pharmacy
pharmacy student
problem identification
student
teacher
teaching
teaching hospital
therapy
Ugandan
university
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 29
TITLE
How and when Chilean Pharmacology started to be experimental and became a
science
AUTHOR NAMES
Bustos G.
Renard G.M.
Noriega V.
Sotomayor-Zárate R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bustos G., gbustos@bio.puc.cl; Renard G.M.; Noriega V.; Sotomayor-Zárate
R.) Sociedad de Farmacología de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027,
Independencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
(Renard G.M.; Sotomayor-Zárate R.) Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de
Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
(Noriega V.) Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Química y Farmacia,
Universidad Andrés Bello, Chile.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Bustos, Sociedad de Farmacología de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027,
Independencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
SOURCE
Pharmacological Research (2015) 101 (2-8). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2015
ISSN
1096-1186 (electronic)
1043-6618
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Press
ABSTRACT
Pharmacology in Chile has about 75 years of history and from its beginning
until today has grown exponentially. Today, pharmacology is taught in the
biomedical careers of the main Chilean universities and research centers in
pharmacology are in the north, central and south of Chile. This editorial
offers an overview of the main milestones that have led to the consolidation
of Chilean pharmacology in Latin America and the world.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacological science
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
article
Chile
concept formation
drug abuse
drug interaction
drug research
education program
experimental model
human
marketing
medical society
nonhuman
priority journal
psychopharmacology
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015218365
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2015.07.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 30
TITLE
Impact of clerkship attachments on students' attitude towards pharmaceutical
care in Ethiopia
AUTHOR NAMES
Sabe Z.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sabe Z.S.) University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Z.S. Sabe, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
SOURCE
Value in Health (2015) 18:7 (A541). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
ISPOR 18th Annual European Congress
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Milan, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-11-07 to 2015-11-11
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the impact of mandatory
clinical clerkship courses on fifth year pharmacy students' attitudes and
perceived barriers toward providing pharmaceutical care (PC). Methods: A
cross-sectional survey was conducted among 5th year pharmacy students
undertaking mandatory clinical clerkship in the University of Gondar,
Ethiopia. A pharmaceutical care attitudes survey (PCAS) questionnaire was
used to assess the attitude (14 items), commonly identified drug-related
problem/s (1 item) during clerkships, and perceived barriers (12 items)
toward the provision of PC. Statistical analysis was conducted on the
retrieved data. Results: Among the total of 69 clerkship students, 65
participated and completed the survey (94.2% response rate). Overall, 74.45%
of participants had positive attitude toward PC provision. Almost all
respondents agreed that the primary responsibility of pharmacists in the
healthcare setting was to prevent and solve medication-related problems
(98.5%), practice of PC was valuable (89.3%), and the PC movement will
improve patient health (95.4%), respectively. Unnecessary drug therapy
(43%), drug-drug interactions (33%), and non-adherence to medications (33%)
were the most common drug-related problems identified in wards. Highly
perceived barriers for PC provision included lack of a workplace for
counseling in the pharmacy (75.4%), a poor image of pharmacist's role in
wards (67.7%), and inadequate technology in the pharmacy (64.6%). Lack of
access to a patient's medical record in the pharmacy had significant
association (P< 0.05) with PC practice, performance of PC during clerkship
and provision of PC as clinical pharmacists Conclusions: Students attending
the new clinical pharmacy program in Ethiopia have a good attitude toward
pharmaceutical care. However, the barriers to pharmaceutical care need to be
addressed by integrating PC provision with pharmacy practice.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Ethiopia
European
human
pharmaceutical care
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical education
clinical pharmacy
counseling
drug interaction
drug therapy
health
health care
medical record
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy student
questionnaire
responsibility
statistical analysis
technology
university
ward
workplace
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 31
TITLE
Implementation and evaluation of a comprehensive medication review in
patient centered medical home
AUTHOR NAMES
Yoo A.
Marcelino M.
Remington T.
Choe H.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yoo A.; Marcelino M.) University of Michigan Health System, United States.
(Remington T.; Choe H.M.) University of Michigan Health System, University
of Michigan, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Yoo, University of Michigan Health System, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e214). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The elderly and those on high numbers of medications are at greater
risk of having drug-related problems. There are many challenges in wide
dissemination of CMR by community pharmacists due to lack of patient
engagement and provider acceptance of pharmacist's therapeutic
recommendations. Most recent national statistics showed only 6% of eligible
patients received CMR. In 2016, CMR participation rate will be included in
the STAR rating. Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) pharmacists provide a
unique solution to current delivery of CMR. The primary objective is to
measure participation rates for CMR-eligible patients and develop effective
strategies for patient outreach and provider engagement. The secondary
objective is to measure patient satisfaction. METHODS: U-M prescription drug
plan members taking five or more chronic prescription medications (not
including over the counter and herbal medications) were offered CMR service
with a PCMH clinical pharmacist. Student pharmacists of University of
Michigan College of Pharmacy enrolled eligible patients via telephone. The
service included two appointments (face-to-face or telephone) in which the
pharmacist evaluated medications for safety, efficacy, and cost.
Recommendations were communicated to the treating specialist and primary
care provider and then implemented at the follow up appointment. RESULTS:
From January 15, 2014 until September 15, 2014, 270 of 489 (55.2%) eligible
patients agreed to partake in the CMR service. Of those patients who were
actually reached, 69.1% agreed to participate.Out of 133 surveys, on a
5-likert scale (1 = worst and 5 = most), patients found the service to be
helpful (avg 4.68), comfortable (avg 4.93), useful (avg 4.67), comfortable
(avg 4.93), convenient (avg 4.65) and was overall satisfied (avg 4.75).
CONCLUSION: Integrating CMR into a PCMH university setting in which PCMH
pharmacists have existing professional relationships with providers has
shown to increase patient participation rate compared to national
statistics. Patients are also highly satisfied with the service as well.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
hospital patient
human
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
follow up
Likert scale
medical specialist
patient
patient participation
patient satisfaction
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
primary medical care
risk
safety
statistics
student
telephone
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 32
TITLE
Development of an innovative technology-driven transitions of care service
to improve medication use in rural populations
AUTHOR NAMES
Frail C.K.
Garza O.W.
Huet A.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Frail C.K.; Garza O.W.) Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, University
of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United States.
(Huet A.L.) Jackson Pharmacy and Wellness Center, Jackson Center, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.K. Frail, Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, University of Minnesota,
College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:11 (e216). Date of Publication: November 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2015 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-17 to 2015-10-21
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Pharmacist-driven transitions of care have demonstrated the ability
to reduce hospital re-admissions and improve patient outcomes. However,
access to pharmacy services in rural areas limit opportunities for patients
to benefit from face-to-face pharmacist care within the critical time period
immediately following discharge. An innovative approach to in-home
medication reconciliation and patient education supported by technology is
one solution to increasing access to care for this population. METHODS: This
service is based on a partnership between a community pharmacy organization
and nearby hospitals in rural Ohio. Upon discharge, the pharmacist
reconciles and coordinates the hospital discharge orders with their
community pharmacy records, the primary care provider, and the patient.
Post-discharge medications are dispensed in a calendarized adherence
packaging system. Medications are delivered to the patient's home by the
community pharmacy's delivery service. At delivery, the patient receives
education from the pharmacist via videoconferencing on a computer tablet.
Unneeded medications are removed from the patient's home to prevent
confusion. Pharmacists follow up with patients as needed based on their
specific needs. RESULTS: Data is currently being collected in order to
empirically evaluate this process. Outcomes include re-admissions at 30 and
180 days following discharge and patient satisfaction with the service.
Pharmacists also document drug therapy problems identified during medication
reconciliation. CONCLUSION: This innovative pharmacist care model may offer
a solution to increasing access to pharmacy services for underserved
patients during a critical transition in care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
rural population
technology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
computer
education
follow up
hospital
hospital department
hospital discharge
medication therapy management
model
packaging
patient
patient education
patient satisfaction
pharmacist
pharmacy
population
primary medical care
rural area
tablet
United States
videoconferencing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 33
TITLE
Patient-centered pharmacy services: A descriptive report
AUTHOR NAMES
McKain M.
O'Neil C.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McKain M.; O'Neil C.K., oneilc@duq.edu) Duquesne University, Mylan School
of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.K. O'Neil, Duquesne University, Mylan School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes
Avenue, Pittsburgh, United States. Email: oneilc@duq.edu
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2015) 30:11 (664-670). Date of Publication: 1 Nov
2015
ISSN
0888-5109
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, 1321 Duke Street, Alexandria,
United States.
ABSTRACT
This paper describes a proactive, patient-centered, interprofessional
approach to medication review in a long-term care facility. Clinical
pharmacy services were provided to residents in multiple high-risk areas
including transition of care; medication reconciliation; monitoring of
infectious disease, pain, anticoagulation, psychotropic drugs, and falls;
and requested consults for any change in condition. Process outcomes were
evaluated, specifically the number of patients reviewed, number and type of
recommendations made, and acceptance rate of recommendations by physicians;
1,333 medication regimen reviews were conducted. A total of 274
recommendations were made, and 56 recommendations were excluded as "lost to
follow-up" because the recommendation was not acknowledged by the physician.
Of the 218 acknowledged recommendations, 157 (72%) were accepted. Collective
workload statistics suggest that the service identified and eliminated
potential drugrelated problems such as inappropriate medications, drug
interactions, and discrepancies during medication reconciliation. The large
number of reviews conducted in a short time period show that there is a need
for regular pharmacist review.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital department
patient care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
anticoagulation
article
clinical pharmacy
drug monitoring
falling
health care facility
human
infection
long term care
medication error
medication therapy management
outcome assessment
pain
workload
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160125881
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2015.664
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 34
TITLE
Evaluation of urban-rural differences in pharmacy practice needs in Maine
with the MaPPNA
AUTHOR NAMES
Martin S.L.
Baker R.P.
Piper B.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Martin S.L., martinsar@husson.edu; Baker R.P., bakerr@husson.edu) School of
Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, United States.
(Piper B.J., bpiper@bowdoin.edu) Bowdoin College, Brunswick, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Practice (2015) 13:4. Date of Publication: 1 Oct 2015
ISSN
1886-3655 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica, catedra@farmacare.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Maine is a rural state with an aging population located in the
northeastern United States. Pharmacists play an important role in serving
the public’s health as they are often the most available point-of-contact
within a community. Objective: To assess the current pharmacy practice needs
as viewed by licensed pharmacists across our rural state, and to distinguish
issues that are unique to rural pharmacy practice. Methods: An online survey
was sent to all licensed pharmacists in the state in the fall of 2014
(n=1,262) to assess their pharmacy practice needs, and specify an
rural-specific needs, within the categories of (1) opioid misuse, abuse, and
diversion, (2) challenges associated with access to healthcare, (3)
poly-pharmacy use, (4) meeting the needs of special populations, (5) lack of
antibiotic stewardship, and (6) resources, such as staffing. Results: The
response rate was 22.1 % (n=279). We found the most agreed upon issue facing
pharmacists’ in Maine is opioid use, misuse and diversion, followed closely
by shortages in staffing. We also learned that pharmacists’ view
pharmaceutical care for older adults, those with low health literacy, and
those with mental disabilities more time-consuming. Some urban-rural
differences were discovered in with regard to the pharmacists’ views; such
as the magnitude of the distance barrier, and limited transportation options
available to rural residents. Issues related to polypharmacy were viewed as
more problematic by pharmacists practicing in urban versus rural sites.
Conclusions: Pharmaceutical care in Maine must focus on meeting the needs of
the elderly, those with disabilities, and those with limited health
literacy. As with the rest of the nation, opioids challenge pharmacy
practice in a variety of ways. These findings clarify areas that present
opportunities for pharmacists to focus more specifically on Maine’s largely
rural population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care practice
pharmacy
urban rural difference
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
correlation analysis
drug misuse
health care facility
health care personnel
health care survey
health insurance
health literacy
human
information processing
internal consistency
licence
medication therapy management
mental deficiency
online system
personnel management
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
polypharmacy
primary medical care
professional knowledge
public health
traffic and transport
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20160006014
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.18549/PharmPract.2015.04.669
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 35
TITLE
Impact of pharmacovigilance multifaceted educational intervention on
knowledge, skills and attitudes of a multidisciplinary healthcare team
AUTHOR NAMES
Varallo F.
Planeta C.
Mastroianni P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Varallo F.; Mastroianni P.) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences-UNESP, Univ
Estadual Paulista-Araraquara SP, Drugs and Medicine, Araraquara, Brazil.
(Planeta C.) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences-UNESP, Univ Estadual
Paulista-Araraquara SP, Natural Active Principles and Toxicology,
Araraquara, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Varallo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences-UNESP, Univ Estadual
Paulista-Araraquara SP, Drugs and Medicine, Araraquara, Brazil.
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2015) 38:10 (1037). Date of Publication: October 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
15th ISoP Annual Meeting "Cubism in Pharmacovigilance"
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prague, Czech Republic
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-27 to 2015-10-30
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer International Publishing
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Most educational interventions in pharmacovigilance are
designed to motivate physicians to report adverse drug reactions (ADR) [1,
2]. However, multidisciplinary health teams may play an important role in
alerting authorities about drug-related problems. Aim: We assess the impact
of a multifaceted educational intervention in pharmacovigilance on the
knowledge, skills and attitudes of hospital health professionals. Methods:
We performed a longitudinal, non-randomized study in a general and public
hospital of medium complexity with 104 beds in São Paulo, Brazil. We
conducted educational intervention for 173 professionals on
multidisciplinary health care teams via (1) presentation of a lecture about
the landscape, importance and concepts related to pharmacovigilance; (2)
classroom time to elucidate how to correctly fill out adverse drug event
(ADE) reports; (3) distribution of educational manual and (4) the
application of a questionnaire to assess knowledge, attitudes and skills in
pharmacovigilance. The impact of intervention on knowledge and skills was
assessed by comparison of answers of questionnaire with gold-standard
parameters: minimum and desired criteria [3] to fill the ADE form and
definitions of World Health Organization and Pan American Health
Organization [4]. The impact on attitudes was evaluated by follow up of the
prevalence of adverse drug events (ADE) reported in 12 months prior and
before intervention. Mann-Whitney statistical test was applied to verify
significant difference between both periods. Results: Educational
intervention was effective for acquisition of knowledge (p<0.0001) and
skills (p<0.0001) in pharmacovigilance and increased the prevalence of ADE
reports by 185-fold. Drug-related problems included medication errors (n =
165), ADR (n = 26), quality deviations (n = 18) and therapeutic failures (n
= 5). Nursing staff reported the majority of cases (n = 150), followed by
pharmacists (n = 29), physicians (n = 6) and physiotherapists (n = 1).
Conclusions: Multifaceted education intervention is effective at changing
the behaviour of multidisciplinary teams to detect and alert suspicions ADE,
as well as to aware them about drug safety. Therefore, the inclusion of all
health professionals in post-market surveillance is an important strategy to
decrease ADE underreporting and improve risks communication associated with
drug use.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
health care
skill
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
book
Brazil
drug safety
drug use
education
follow up
gold standard
health
health practitioner
hospital
human
interpersonal communication
landscape
market
medication error
nursing staff
parameters
pharmacist
physician
physiotherapist
prevalence
public hospital
questionnaire
risk
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40264-015-0346-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 36
TITLE
Health literacy skills and correct use of medicines in the Netherlands: A
study in community pharmacies
AUTHOR NAMES
Koster E.S.
Philbert D.
Bouvy M.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Koster E.S.; Philbert D.; Bouvy M.L.) UPPER, Pharmacoepidemiology and
Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.S. Koster, UPPER, Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht
University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2015) 24 Supplement 1 (161-162). Date
of Publication: 1 Sep 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
31st International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk
Management
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boston, MA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-08-22 to 2015-08-26
ISSN
1053-8569
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: Health literacy is defined as the ability to obtain, understand
and apply information to make appropriate health decisions. Health literacy
is specific and depends on the context, meaning that each situation requires
specific skills. Most previous research has been performed in the US, and
research in the context of medication use is limited. Objectives: The study
aimed to study the prevalence of limited health literacy among adult
pharmacy visitors in the Netherlands and to assess the association between
health literacy and understanding of medical information. Methods: A
cross-sectional study was performed in 33 community pharmacies belonging to
the Utrecht Pharmacy Practice network for Education and Research. Adult
pharmacy visitors (aged ≥18 years) were approached in the pharmacy waiting
area and invited for a brief interview including the Newest Vital Sign
(NVS), a validated health literacy assessment measure, and questions about
understanding of standard drug label instructions. Results: A total of 984
pharmacy visitors were included in the study (44% response rate): 63% were
female, mean age was 56 years and the majority was of native origin (84%).
Based on NVS scores, 52% had limited health literacy skills. Pharmacy
visitors with limited health literacy skills had significant lower
understanding of drug label instructions (p<0.001). Conclusions:
Approximately half of the pharmacy visitors in this study had limited health
literacy skills. These individuals experienced more difficulties
understanding medical information. There is a need to identify patients with
limited literacy skills in an early stage of treatment to provide tailored
care as these patients might be at increased risk for drug-related problems
caused by misunderstanding of information.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health literacy
Netherlands
skill
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
clinical study
cross-sectional study
drug abuse
female
human
interview
male
medical information
prevalence
vital sign
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3838
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 37
TITLE
Results of Turkish smoking cessation polyclinics data's analysis (TUSPA
study)
AUTHOR NAMES
Özlü T.
Öztuna F.
Er M.
Aydin L.Y.
Uysal A.
Sengezer T.
Çetinkaya P.D.
Yasar Z.
Sarioglu N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Özlü T.; Öztuna F.; Er M.; Aydin L.Y.; Uysal A.; Sengezer T.; Çetinkaya
P.D.; Yasar Z.; Sarioglu N.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Özlü,
SOURCE
European Respiratory Journal (2015) 46 SUPPL. 59. Date of Publication: 1 Sep
2015
CONFERENCE NAME
European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Amsterdam, Netherlands
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-09-26 to 2015-09-30
ISSN
0903-1936
BOOK PUBLISHER
European Respiratory Society
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this multicentric, retrospective study is to establish
smoking cessation success and the factors associated with these in Turkey.
Methods: This study was attended by 26 Smoking Cessation Polyclinics from
different regions of Turkey and received 4497 patients (2748 male and 1749
female), retrospectively. Results: The reason of patient's initiation of
smoking was inclination to imitate in 45.2% cases. Smoking Cessation
Polyclinics' patients were predominantly university graduated (56.3%),
high-very high nicotine dependent (56.5%), income-generating employed
(67.2%), with comorbid disease (66.9%). Ratio of patients, who have
adherence to planned polyclinics visit was 36.2%. The ratio of patients, who
had received pharmacotherapy was 56.8%. High education level was 58.6 %,
level of high-very high nicotine dependence was 59.1 %, ratio of regular
control was 56.1%, ratio of pharmacotherapy was 74.6%, ratio of had
income-generating employment was 71%.1 in trying to quit groups (p<0.005).
The success rates in patients at the end of the first month, third, sixth
and twelfth were 53.5%, 43.3%, 37.4% and %31.3 respectively. Success rates
were not different between men and women (Log Rank p=0.187). We observed
that appearance of nicotine withdrawal symptoms, existing comorbid diseases
and high level of nicotine dependence were independent risk factors for
restart smoking. Also, advanced age, pharmacotherapy use, environmental
support and regular control were independent risk factors for smoke free
time. Conclusions: Highly dependent patients is a risk groups for restart
smoking, therefor pharmacotherapy should be carefully planned and followed
up.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
data analysis
European
outpatient department
smoking cessation
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
diseases
drug therapy
education
employment
female
high risk population
human
income
male
patient
retrospective study
risk factor
smoke
smoking
tobacco dependence
university
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress2015.PA5126
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 38
TITLE
Applicability of a systematic tool to reduce inappropriate prescribing in
adults with an intellectual disability: A pilot study
AUTHOR NAMES
Zaal R.J.
Ebbers S.
Borms M.
De Koning B.
Van Den Bemt P.M.L.A.
Evenhuis H.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zaal R.J.; Van Den Bemt P.M.L.A.) Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam,
Netherlands.
(Ebbers S.) DeSeizoenen, Oploo, Netherlands.
(Borms M.) Het Raamwerk, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands.
(De Koning B.) Pluryn, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
(Evenhuis H.M.) Family Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.J. Zaal, Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2015) 24 Supplement 1 (100-101). Date
of Publication: 1 Sep 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
31st International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk
Management
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boston, MA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-08-22 to 2015-08-26
ISSN
1053-8569
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: For older patients with polypharmacy in the general population,
a Systematic Tool to Reduce Inappropriate Prescribing (STRIP) has been
developed, based on START/STOPP criteria. Although annual medication review
is recommended for people with an intellectual disability (ID), a specific
tool for this population is not available. Objectives: This pilot study was
performed to evaluate the applicability of STRIP in adults with ID living in
a centralized setting. Methods: This pilot study was performed in three care
organizations. In each organization, nine clients with polypharmacy (i.e.
concomitant use of ≥5 drugs), their legal representatives and mentors were
invited for a review using STRIP. The reviews were performed by the
responsible pharmacists and the investigators (resident ID physicians).
Primary outcome was the applicability according to the following criteria:
(1) a client and/or his legal representative were present during at least
80% of the reviews; (2) at least 80% of the mentors were involved in the
medication review; (3) medication review identifies drug-related problems;
(4) at least 67% of the interventions to resolve drug-related problems were
implemented 6months after the review; and (5) medication review results in
net savings of medication costs, assuming that at least 67% of the
interventions were implemented. Results: The client and/or a legal
representative were present during 25 of 27 reviews (93%), and all 27
mentors (100%) were involved (complies with criteria 1 and 2). In total, 127
drug-related problems were identified, and for each patient, at least one
problem was detected (complies with criterion 3). Six months after review,
15.7% of the interventions were partially or completely implemented (does
not comply with criterion 4). When the implementation grade would have been
67%, medication review would have resulted in net savings of medication
costs of €20 636 (complies with criterion 5). Conclusions: STRIP seems
applicable to adults with an ID, but the implementation of suggested
interventions was too low. To improve the implementation grade, the treating
physician should be involved in the review process.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
inappropriate prescribing
intellectual impairment
pilot study
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
controlled study
drug abuse
human
major clinical study
organization
pharmacist
polypharmacy
resident
teacher
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3838
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 39
TITLE
Evaluation of outpatient medication reconciliation involving student
pharmacists at a comprehensive cancer center
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashjian E.
Salamin L.B.
Eschenburg K.
Kraft S.
Mackler E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashjian E.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Oregon State University/Oregon
Health and Science University, College of Pharmacy, Portland, United States.
(Salamin L.B.; Kraft S.; Mackler E., emackler@gmail.com) Michigan Oncology
Quality Consortium, University of Michigan, Comprehensive Cancer Center,
1227 S. Forest Ave., Ann Arbor, United States.
(Eschenburg K.) Cancer Center Infusion, Department of Pharmacy Services,
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, United States.
(Mackler E., emackler@gmail.com) University of Michigan, College of
Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Mackler, Michigan Oncology Quality Consortium, University of Michigan,
Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1227 S. Forest Ave., Ann Arbor, United States.
Email: emackler@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:5 (540-545). Date
of Publication: 1 Sep 2015
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, InfoCenter@aphanet.org
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the number of discrepancies and medication-related
problems found as a result of pharmacy-led medication reconciliation
involving introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) students at a
comprehensive cancer center. Setting: Outpatient infusion center of a
National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated and National Comprehensive Cancer
Network (NCCN) cancer center. Practice description and innovation:
Third-year IPPE students contacted and completed medication reconciliation
for 510 hematology/oncology patients scheduled for infusion center
appointments without a coupled provider visit. IPPE students discussed the
findings of the medication reconciliations with their pharmacist preceptors,
who updated the medication histories in the electronic medical record (EMR)
and communicated with prescribers directly about identified
medication-related problems. All medication reconciliation was documented
using a standardized note template in the EMR. Main outcome measures: Number
of medication discrepancies found, including medication additions,
medication deletions, dose changes, and herbal product additions;
medication-related problems-including drug-drug interactions, untreated
indications (e.g., nausea, vomiting, pain, need for prophylactic
medications), failure of patients to receive prescribed medications, and
adverse drug reactions-were also documented. Results: Medication
reconciliation was completed for 510 patients through the student
pharmacist/pharmacist preceptor-led intervention during a 1-year period
between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2013. A total of 88% of patients
had at least one discrepancy identified in their medication history and
corrected in the EMR. In addition, 11.4% of patients had a
medication-related problem identified. Conclusions: Pharmacy-led medication
reconciliation identified a large number of discrepancies among our
hematology/oncology patients. This intervention allowed for correction of
discrepancies in the EMR leading to improved accuracy of patient medication
lists. In addition, it provided a valuable learning experience for student
pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
outpatient care
pharmacist
pharmacist student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cancer center
comprehensive cancer center
drug interaction
electronic medical record
human
introductory pharmacy practice experience
pharmacist attitude
prescription
work experience
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015392415
MEDLINE PMID
26359964 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26359964)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.14214
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 40
TITLE
Patient's drug therapy: Clinical impact of pharmacist's intervention in
neurological rehabilitation units
AUTHOR NAMES
Hubault M.
Petit N.
Jacquin-Courtois S.
Charpiat B.
Luauté J.
Rode G.
Janoly-Dumenil A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hubault M., marie.hubault@chuyon.fr; Petit N.; Jacquin-Courtois S.) CHU,
Hôpital H.-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils De Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France.
(Charpiat B.) CHU, Hôpital De La Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils De Lyon,
France.
(Luauté J.; Rode G.; Janoly-Dumenil A.) CHU, Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle,
Hospices Civils De Lyon, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Hubault, CHU, Hôpital H.-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils De Lyon,
Saint-Genis-Laval, France. Email: marie.hubault@chuyon.fr
SOURCE
Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (2015) 58 SUPPL. 1 (e62-e63).
Date of Publication: September 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
30th Annual Congress of the French Society of Physical and Rehabilitation
Medicine
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Montpellier, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-10-08 to 2015-10-15
ISSN
1877-0657
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Masson SAS
ABSTRACT
Introduction Inpatients in neurological rehabilitation units are often
polymedicated. This polypharmacy is at risk of adverse events. It justifies
the analysis of prescriptions by a pharmacist. The objective is to describe
drug-related problems detected by pharmacist, pharmaceutical interventions
(PI) performed and PI clinical impact over a period of 1 year. Methods The
computerized prescriptions of 165 beds were analyzed by one pharmacist and
one resident pharmacist once a week based on the methodology of the French
Society of Clinical Pharmacy. Detected drug related problems and proposed PI
were collected. Their clinical impact was evaluated by two physicians and
two hospital pharmacists independently, according Hatoum 1988 [1]: zero
impact (-), significant (+), highly significant (++), lifesaving (+++).
Results Four thousand two hundred and twenty-eight prescriptions resulted in
999 PI (24%) and 788 accepted by physicians (79%). The most involved drugs
were: analgesics/anti-inflammatory drugs (25%), anti-acids (20%),
psychotropic drugs (17%) and anti-infectives (14%). The main problems found
were: no clinical indication (26%), non-conformity with guidelines (16%) and
supra or infratherapeutic dose (15%). Most common suggestions (PI) were drug
discontinuation (33%) and dose adjustment (22%). After excluding IP only
having an economic impact, 842 IP were evaluated in a clinical point of
view. They concerned mainly: antiacids (n = 198),
analgesic/anti-inflammatory drugs (n = 170), psychotropic drugs (n = 136),
anti-infectives (n = 110) and anticoagulants (n = 76). The evaluations were:
no impact (n = 96); significant (n = 574) very significant (n = 169);
lifesaving (n = 3). These 3 PI were relatedanticoagulants. Drugs with a
great number of IP (++) were: anticoagulants (60%), intravenous electrolytes
(43%), anti-infectives (37%) and analgesics/anti-inflammatory drugs (24%).
Physicians have found a large number of PI (++) concerning anti-infectives
compared pharmacists (43% versus 30%). Conversely, pharmacists felt more PI
(++) involving intravenous electrolytes (71% versus 15%) and psychotropic
drugs (21% versus 8%). Conclusion Pharmacists detected many drug-related
problems during analysis of prescriptions. Their potential adverse clinical
consequences are supported by a high rate of acceptance, objectivized by
prescription modification.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acid
anticoagulant agent
electrolyte
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
human
patient
pharmacist
rehabilitation
rehabilitation medicine
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
hospital
hospital patient
methodology
physician
polypharmacy
prescription
risk
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.146
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 41
TITLE
Epidural anesthesia for the treatment of burn pain
AUTHOR NAMES
Minh C.
Lovich-Sapola J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Minh C.; Lovich-Sapola J.) Case Western/MetroHealth Medical Center, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Minh, Case Western/MetroHealth Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (2015) 40:5. Date of Publication:
September-October 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
40th Annual Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine Meeting of the
American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, ASRA 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Las Vegas, NV, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-05-14 to 2015-05-16
ISSN
1098-7339
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Introduction Introduction: Burn injuries can be one of the most painful and
scarring forms of trauma, causing considerable suffering and incapacitation.
Pain management for burns is often difficult and despite advances in burn
therapy, inadequate pain relief remains a common problem. Reports of
epidural anesthesia for the treatment of burn pain remains limited. We
present a case involving a patient who suffered large surface area burns
leading to substantial pain that was significantly relieved by a lumbar
epidural placed for postoperative pain control. Material and methods Case
Report: A 24 year-old female with a history of opioid abuse presented after
sustaining extensive burn injuries from a home gas explosion. Initial
assessment revealed 27% total body surface area mixed partial and full
thickness burns involving the face, bilateral upper and lower extremities,
anterior trunk and buttocks. Initial pain management by the ICU team was
difficult and inadequate as the patient complained of significant pain
despite receiving considerable scheduled and PRN narcotics. The acute pain
service was then consulted and a multi-modal pharmacological pain regimen
was implemented resulting in improved pain relief. The patient was then
scheduled to undergo excision, debridement, and skin grafts for treatment of
her burns. An epidural was arranged for post-op pain control due to the
anticipated escalation in pain from surgery. After extensive disinfection
with chlorhexidine, a lumbar epidural was placed without complication at the
L3-L4 level pre-operatively. This area had intact skin with no burns or
dressings. The catheter was meticulously secured in a sterile fashion with
adhesives and transparent film dressings to minimize the risk of infection.
Post-op, the patient reported adequate pain relief with an epidural infusion
of bupivacaine. The epidural catheter remained in place for 6 days without
complication and provided the patient with satisfactory pain relief.
Discussion Discussion: Although advancements in pain management protocols
have been developed and implemented, burn pain is still often undertreated
and remains a common issue, particularly with patients undergoing multiple
procedures. Pain management often relies heavily on pharmacologic
treatments, including both the use of opioids and non-opioid analgesics.
Patient response varies widely, requiring a highly individualized pain
management plan. Some individuals may be ideal candidates for epidural or
regional blocks but their use has been limited by concerns of indwelling
catheter colonization and infection, the associated risks of meningitis and
epidural abscess formation as well as ongoing care by appropriately trained
staff. Our case illustrates that epidural anesthesia can be a safe and
effective method in providing background, procedural, and postoperative pain
relief. Additional studies investigating the complications of an epidural
anesthesia in the burn population would be beneficial. Ultimately, a
multidisciplinary approach to pain management involving patient education,
psychological counseling, pharmacological therapy, and adjuvant intervention
should be implemented to improve patient satisfaction and outcome.
Conclusion: The management of burn pain continues to be a challenge that
requires a multimodal approach involving both pharmacologic analgesic
strategies and adjunctive non-pharmacologic techniques. The use of epidural
anesthesia should be considered as a valuable option in eligible burn
patients to help manage pain.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adhesive agent
adjuvant
analgesic agent
bupivacaine
chlorhexidine
narcotic agent
narcotic analgesic agent
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
epidural anesthesia
pain
regional anesthesia
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
analgesia
body surface
burn
burn patient
buttock
case report
catheter
counseling
debridement
disinfection
drug therapy
epidural abscess
epidural catheter
epidural drug administration
excision
female
gas
human
indwelling catheter
infection
injury
leg
meningitis
patient
patient education
patient satisfaction
population
postoperative pain
procedures
risk
scar formation
skin
skin graft
surface area
surgery
therapy
thickness
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 42
TITLE
Drugs of abuse, pharmacology curriculum and learning styles of medical
students
AUTHOR NAMES
Barros H.M.T.
Tannhauser C.L.
Tannhauser M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Barros H.M.T.; Tannhauser C.L.) Ligue 132, Pharmacosciences Dept, UFCSPA,
Brazil.
(Tannhauser C.L.; Tannhauser M.) Encrementare, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.M.T. Barros, Ligue 132, Pharmacosciences Dept, UFCSPA, Brazil.
SOURCE
Clinical Therapeutics (2015) 37:8 SUPPL. 1 (e69). Date of Publication:
August 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
12th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, EACPT 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Madrid, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-06-27 to 2015-06-30
ISSN
0149-2918
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Drug abuse (tobacco, alcohol and illicit drugs) can worsen
several health disorders; are among the twenty most common burden to health
problems worldwide. Medical student education should provide detailed
knowledge of these issues together with skills needed to detect/counsel
patients with unhealthy drug use patterns. Time to include subjects in the
clinical pharmacology curriculum to medical students is limited. Online
educational strategies are often sought. It is necessary to evaluate the
educational outcomes. This study was designed to develop and evaluate an
online module on drug abuse to teach medical students about pharmacology of
drugs and brief intervention of drug use problems. Material and Methods:
Eighty-nine medical students of UFCSPA were taking the Pharmacology Course
in 2014. Drug abuse is not part of their curricular medical program and an
online training was offered as additional set of studies for volunteer
enrolment. Information (written and videos, exercises, reading
recommendations) on drugs of abuse and health, mechanisms of action,
biological effects of drugs, methods of drug screening, brief interventions
and treatment protocols for drug abuse and dependence were presented online.
After the course, all students, volunteering or not, completed an evaluation
and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (KLSI). Results: Seventy students
enrolled and completed the online training with success. The range time for
completion was 5 to 20 hours. The mean knowledge score after completing the
online training was 90/100. All medical students who completed the online
Training described satisfaction. A difference in KLSI was detected between
students who had/had not volunteered to the online training. Conclusions:
The online training on drugs of abuse resulted in significant changes in
knowledge. This online format could be incorporated into the medical school
curriculum, with students learning the material at their own pace and in
their available time.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
clinical pharmacology
curriculum
European
human
learning style
medical student
pharmacology
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
biological activity
diseases
drug abuse
drug screening
drug use
education
exercise
health
learning
medical education
medical school
patient
reading
satisfaction
skill
student
tobacco
videorecording
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 43
TITLE
Commercial movies to teach non-medical and undesirable use of drugs
AUTHOR NAMES
Mateus J.
Pérez-Mañá C.
Papaseit E.
Farré A.
Galindo L.
Torrens M.
Montané E.
Barriocanal A.
Baños J.E.
Farré M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mateus J.; Pérez-Mañá C.; Papaseit E.; Farré M.) Hospital del Mar Medical
Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain.
(Mateus J.; Pérez-Mañá C.; Papaseit E.; Farré A.; Galindo L.; Torrens M.;
Montané E.; Barriocanal A.; Farré M.) Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-UAB,
Barcelona, Spain.
(Mateus J.; Farré A.; Galindo L.; Torrens M.) Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i
Adiccions-INAD-IMIM, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
(Montané E.; Barriocanal A.; Farré M.) Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I
Pujol, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias I
Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
(Baños J.E.) Universitat Pompeu Fabra-UPF, Barcelona, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Mateus, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM, Barcelona,
Spain.
SOURCE
Clinical Therapeutics (2015) 37:8 SUPPL. 1 (e140-e141). Date of Publication:
August 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
12th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, EACPT 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Madrid, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-06-27 to 2015-06-30
ISSN
0149-2918
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The use of commercial films to illustrate a health problem is
a common experience in university teaching of health sciences. The objective
was to illustrate nonmedical or undesirable use of drugs using different
commercial films in teaching of clinical pharmacology. Materials and
Methods: We selected the following non-medical and undesirable uses:
chemical submission, induction of addiction, poisoning, lethal injection
(death penalty), improved sexual performance, neuroenhancement (smart drugs)
and drugs and crime. Search for movies that had scenes corresponding these
uses were collected using the New York University's School of Medicine (NYU)
literature, arts and medicine database, and the Film Affinity and Internet
Movie Databases (IMDb). In addition we used our own archives and memories to
select the adequate movies. Results: We chose the following movies to
illustrate such use: Seeking Miguel (2007) for chemical submission, Revenge
(1990 for the induction of addiction, Murder my sweet (1944) for poisoning,
Dead Man Walking (1995) for lethal injection, Something's Gotta Give (2003)
for the use of drugs enhancing sexual performance, Limitless (2011) for
neuroenhancement, and Zulu (2013) for drugs and crime. For each film we
redacted a list of learning objectives and a list of questions that could be
answered by the students the end of the session. We have introduced some of
films in seminars of clinical pharmacology and drug addictions. Conclusions:
It is concluded that the films are of interest to illustrate how dugs
(medicines) could be misused or abused. We think that the films can
demonstrate the toxicological interest, usage patterns, consequences of
their use and the ethical connotations that produce such practices in the
domain of medicine and clinical pharmacology.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
audiovisual equipment
clinical pharmacology
European
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
crime
data base
drug dependence
health
health science
homicide
human
information center
injection
Internet
intoxication
learning
male
memory
punishment
school
student
teaching
United States
university
walking
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 44
TITLE
The Dutch/Flemish prescribing assessment project
AUTHOR NAMES
Kramers C.
Maassen Van Den Brink A.
Hessel M.H.
Janssen B.
Knol W.
Mulder W.M.
Rissmann R.
Tichelaar J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kramers C.) Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
(Maassen Van Den Brink A.) Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam,
Netherlands.
(Hessel M.H.; Rissmann R.) Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden,
Netherlands.
(Janssen B.) Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.
(Knol W.) University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
(Mulder W.M.) Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
(Tichelaar J.) VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Kramers, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Clinical Therapeutics (2015) 37:8 SUPPL. 1 (e165-e166). Date of Publication:
August 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
12th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, EACPT 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Madrid, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-06-27 to 2015-06-30
ISSN
0149-2918
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc.
ABSTRACT
Educational Objectives: To develop a pharmacotherapy end test aimed to
improve safe prescribing in the Netherlands and Flanders. At the conclusion
of this presentation, participants know about the philosophy behind and
practical implications of this test. Purpose: The project aims to develop a
Dutch/Flemish pharmacotherapy end test. Methods: Most preventable serious
adverse events are due to a relative small list of drugs (eg, pain killers,
anticoagulants, cardiovascular drugs, antidiabetics1). Based on these
drug-related problems and on basic pharmacological principles
(pharmacokinetics, good prescribing, prescribing laws), a list of end terms
has been formulated, which each prescriber has to know before starting to
prescribe independently. A test has been developed covering these end terms.
Education material to prepare for this pharmacotherapy end test has been
developed. Ultimately, each medical student in the Netherlands and Flanders
has to pass this test before graduating. Results: End terms covering 11
different subjects have been developed. Educational material (youtube
channel, pharmacotherapy reader, cases in www.pscribe.nl) has been made
available. A total of 215 multiple choice questions covering the end terms
have been developed. Based on these, the pharmacotherapy end test has been
taken since September 2014 in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. About 30% of
students fail per test; however, ultimately all students pass. The other
universities in the Netherlands and Flanders are preparing to start the
test. Conclusions: A Dutch/Flemish pharmacotherapy end test has been
developed based on end terms covering the most frequent preventable serious
adverse events and basic pharmacotherapy principles. The test has been taken
in Nijmegen, the Netherlands since September 2014. The other universities in
the Netherlands and Flanders are preparing to start testing. Whether this
test will lead to safe prescribing is subject of an oncoming study.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticoagulant agent
cardiovascular agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
European
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
education
human
medical student
multiple choice test
Netherlands
pain
pharmacokinetics
philosophy
reading
student
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 45
TITLE
Screening and recruitment procedures of healthy volunteers in a phase I
clinical trial unit: Experience in 64 bioequivalence studies
AUTHOR NAMES
Duque B.
Borobia A.M.
Lubomirov R.
Ramirez E.
Guerra P.
Medrano N.
Tong H.Y.
Carcas A.J.
Frías J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Duque B.; Borobia A.M.; Lubomirov R.; Ramirez E.; Guerra P.; Medrano N.;
Carcas A.J.; Frías J.) Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, School of
Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
(Borobia A.M.; Ramirez E.; Tong H.Y.; Carcas A.J.; Frías J.) Clinical
Pharmacology Department, Hospital La Paz-Carlos III, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Duque, Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, School of Medicine,
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
SOURCE
Clinical Therapeutics (2015) 37:8 SUPPL. 1 (e129). Date of Publication:
August 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
12th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, EACPT 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Madrid, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-06-27 to 2015-06-30
ISSN
0149-2918
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: This study reports and analyses screening and recruitment
procedures carried out in 64 bioequivalence (BE) studies. Material and
Methods: All the studies were designed and conducted following the
requirements of EMA for BE studies and carried out in the Phase I Clinical
Trial Unit of the Pharmacology Department (School of Medicine, Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid). For each trial calculated sample size, number of
volunteers and reasons for exclusion, withdrawal and dropping were recorded.
Results: For the included 64 trials, a total of 3575 healthy volunteers
signed the informed consent form. During the screening period 1076
volunteers (30.1%) were found not to be not suitable for the study. The main
reasons were: 508 volunteers withdrawn the informed consent (47.3%), 251
showed analytical abnormalities (23.3%) and 80 gave a positive result in
urine abuse drug test (7.4%). Therefore a total of 2500 fulfilled inclusion
criteria (69.9%) and 2339 were included (158 volunteers were considered as
reserves). During the study, 52 volunteers (2.2%) dropped for personal
reason and 40 were excluded (1.7%). A total of 2252 volunteers were suitable
for the main analysis. Conclusions: To select 2252 valid participants in BE
trials we needed to obtain the signed informed consent form from 3575
potential participants and to make the initiation visit in 3282 volunteers.
Only a 6.3% of the healthy volunteers interviewed and fulfilling selection
criteria were finally not included. Post-randomization losses were also low
(3.9 %).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bioequivalence
clinical pharmacology
European
human
normal human
phase 1 clinical trial
procedures
screening
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
informed consent
pharmacology
randomization
sample size
school
stomatitis
urine
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 46
TITLE
Cost-effectiveness analysis of smoking-cessation counseling training for
physicians and pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Cantor S.B.
Deshmukh A.A.
Luca N.S.
Nogueras-González G.M.
Rajan T.
Prokhorov A.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cantor S.B., sbcantor@mdanderson.org; Deshmukh A.A.; Rajan T.) Department
of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, United States.
(Luca N.S.) Office of Research, Texas Woman's University, Houston, United
States.
(Nogueras-González G.M.) Department of Biostatistics, The University of
Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States.
(Prokhorov A.V.) Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas
MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.B. Cantor, Department of Health Services Research, Unit 1444, The
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston,
United States.
SOURCE
Addictive Behaviors (2015) 45 (79-86). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2015
ISSN
1873-6327 (electronic)
0306-4603
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: Although smoking-cessation interventions typically focus
directly on patients, this paper conducts an economic evaluation of a novel
smoking-cessation intervention focused on training physicians and/or
pharmacists to use counseling techniques that would decrease smoking rates
at a reasonable cost. Purpose: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of
interventions that train physicians and/or pharmacists to counsel their
patients on smoking-cessation techniques. Methods: Using decision-analytic
modeling, we compared four strategies for smoking-cessation counseling
education: training only physicians, training only pharmacists, training
both physicians and pharmacists (synergy strategy), and training neither
physicians nor pharmacists (i.e., no specialized training, which is the
usual practice). Short-term outcomes were based on results from a clinical
trial conducted in 16 communities across the Houston area; long-term
outcomes were calculated from epidemiological data. Short-term outcomes were
measured using the cost per quit, and long-term outcomes were measured using
the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Cost data were taken from
institutional sources; both costs and QALYs were discounted at 3%. Results:
Training both physicians and pharmacists added 0.09 QALY for 45-year-old
men. However, for 45-year-old women, the discounted quality-adjusted life
expectancy only increased by 0.01 QALY when comparing the synergy strategy
to no intervention. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the
synergy strategy with respect to the non-intervention strategy was
US$868/QALY for 45-year-old men and US$8953/QALY for 45-year-old women. The
results were highly sensitive to the quit rates and community size.
Conclusion: Synergistic educational training for physicians and pharmacists
could be a cost-effective method for smoking cessation in the community.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cost effectiveness analysis
health care cost
medical education
patient counseling
pharmacist
physician
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
controlled study
female
human
life expectancy
male
medical decision making
middle aged
outcome assessment
quality adjusted life year
smoking cessation program
tobacco dependence (disease management, therapy)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015706592
MEDLINE PMID
25644592 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25644592)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.004
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 47
TITLE
Prevalence and correlates of non-medical use of prescription stimulants
among university students
AUTHOR NAMES
Shanbhag P.P.
Nayak R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shanbhag P.P.; Nayak R.) St. John's University, Jamaica, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.P. Shanbhag, St. John's University, Jamaica, United States.
SOURCE
Value in Health (2015) 18:3 (A128). Date of Publication: May 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
ISPOR 20th Annual International Meeting Research
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Philadelphia, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-05-16 to 2015-05-20
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To examine prevalence rates and co-relates of non-medical use of
prescription stimulants for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
in a university student population with respect to student demographics and
academic characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional research design,
utilizing a convenience sampling and self-administered paper and pencil
questionnaire technique, was adopted. The survey consisted of a screening
tool to measure symptoms of Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) in
conjunction with items to measure the extent of self-reported prescription
drug abuse among students. The use of prescription stimulants was profiled
for students representing different schools and academic programs and
reasons for the nonmedical use were documented. RESULTS: A sample of 638
completed surveys (response rate= 98.15%) was obtained with data on
unauthorized use of prescription drugs. About 8.62% (N= 55) of the sample
reported a current and past use of drugs such as Adderall, Ritalin,
Dexedrine, Concerta, Cylert at least once. Of these, 76.9% used the drugs
non-medically for enhancing academic performance and 23.1% used them for
increasing alertness. The illicit drug usage was higher in the age group
18-23 years (87.2%) and was greater for males (64.1%). Overall, students
from pharmacy school reported highest abuse (46.2%), followed by law school
(20.5%), school of professional studies (12.8%) and business school (10.3%).
Generally, undergraduate students reported greater use of prescription
stimulants (69.2%) compared to graduate students (30.8%). A majority (66.7%)
of the students were also attending professional degree programs.
CONCLUSIONS: The current campus estimates are mostly in line with the
national statistics (4.1% to 10.8%, according to the Center for Lawful
Access and Abuse Deterrence, CLAAD, 2013). Misuse and abuse of prescription
stimulants among students is a growing problem and largely remains
unaddressed. Development of campus educational tools to prevent sharing of
prescription drugs and guidelines to recognize early warning signs to curb
abuse are necessary.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central stimulant agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine plus dexamphetamine
dexamphetamine
illicit drug
methylphenidate
pemoline magnesium
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
prescription
prevalence
university student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
academic achievement
adult
alertness
attention deficit disorder
commercial phenomena
convenience sample
cross-sectional study
drug abuse
drug use
graduate student
groups by age
male
methodology
population
questionnaire
sample (statistics)
school
screening
self report
statistics
student
undergraduate student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 48
TITLE
What experienced experts almost miss: Unusual somatic causes of fatigue
AUTHOR NAMES
Laube E.S.
Bonetti N.R.
Bächli E.
Beer J.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Laube E.S.; Bonetti N.R.; Beer J.H.) Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital
of Baden, Baden, Switzerland.
(Bächli E.) Internal Medicine, Hospital of Uster, Uster, Switzerland.
(Bächli E.) President of the Swiss Society of Department Heads, Uster,
Switzerland.
(Beer J.H.) Laboratory for Platelet Research, Center for Molecular
Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.S. Laube, Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden,
Switzerland.
SOURCE
Praxis (2015) 104 SUPPL. 1 (109). Date of Publication: May 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
SGIM Jahresversammlung 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Basel, Switzerland
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-05-20 to 2015-05-22
ISSN
1661-8157
BOOK PUBLISHER
Verlag Hans Huber AG
ABSTRACT
Background: Fatigue as an everyday symptom of everyday patients is often
considered to be of minor importance, even by experienced doctors. Managing
“tired” patients can present a challenge. Often enough it is attributed to
psychosomatic reasons or disregarded altogether. This may lead to
underrecognition of potentially treatable somatic diseases. Methods: To
approach this complex field we asked the most experienced clinicians to
share their (almost) missed somatic causes of fatigue. We reasoned that
these cases would be of great teaching value. We conducted a nationwide
survey among the members of the Swiss Society of Department Heads of
Medicine. A questionnaire with the following inquiries was sent out to 150
chiefs: 1. What was the most surprising somatic cause of fatigue in your
career thus far? 2. Which diagnosis did you (almost) miss? Results: We
received the lively descriptions of ≥ 50 surprising and outstanding cases.
In the table we summarize the most frequently mentioned somatic causes for
fatigue (“the Big 5”) as well as the rarest and most surprising diagnoses
(“the Zebras”). General take home messages: • The rare reasons for fatigue
and the near missed diagnoses by experts are valuable teaching tools. •
Generate new hypotheses if fatigue is explained by a disease, but does not
improve during treatment. • Be persistent - the devil is in the details.
Specific learning points: • Make the distinction between sleepiness and
fatigue. • More often than generally anticipated, the sound of hooves is
actually due to zebras. • “Think medication”: The wrong dosage, the wrong
substance, substance abuse, the medication of the wrong patient. Educate
your patients on pharmacotherapy. (Table Presented).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
fatigue
human
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
diagnosis
diseases
drug therapy
hoof and claw
hypothesis
learning
patient
physician
psychosomatics
questionnaire
society
somnolence
substance abuse
Swiss
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157/a001994
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 49
TITLE
Reduction of aggressive behavior in mice by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
modulation
AUTHOR NAMES
Lewis A.S.
Mineur Y.S.
Picciotto M.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lewis A.S.; Mineur Y.S.; Picciotto M.R.) Psychiatry, Yale University, New
Haven, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.S. Lewis, Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, United States.
SOURCE
Biological Psychiatry (2015) 77:9 SUPPL. 1 (273S). Date of Publication: 1
May 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
70th Annual Scientific Convention and Meeting of the Society of Biological
Psychiatry, SOBP 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-05-14 to 2015-05-16
ISSN
0006-3223
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA
ABSTRACT
Background: Aggression is comorbid in numerous neuropsychiatric conditions
across the lifespan, and current treatments are incompletely effective with
substantial side effect burden. Thus, novel treatments for aggression are
needed. In this study we expand upon previous research demonstrating acute
anti-aggressive effects of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)
agonist nicotine and progress toward identification of its mechanism of
action in mice, with the goal of translation into pharmacotherapy. Methods:
Mouse resident-intruder tests were performed with isolated adult male
C57BL/6J, Balb/cJ, and CD-1 residents and group-housed male C57BL/6J
intruders. Nicotine was given 10 minutes before testing. Antagonist was
given 15 minutes prior to nicotine. For nicotine dose-dependency studies,
repeated-measures analysis was performed (n=19 C57BL/6J, 10 Balb/cJ, 10
CD-1). For C57BL/6J antagonist studies, n=13-17 per treatment group.
Statistics: binomial or Fisher's exact test (% attacking), survival analysis
(attack latency), and ANOVA with appropriate post-hoc test (attack number).
Results: Nicotine reduced aggression-related behavior across all strains in
a dose-dependent manner. Nicotine (0.25 mg/kg) reduced home-cage locomotion
in C57BL/6 by ∼30%, but sociability was unchanged. Anti-aggressive effects
of 0.25 mg/kg nicotine were unaffected by heteromeric nAChR antagonist
DH-beta-E (3 mg/ kg), but were blocked by nAChR alpha7 antagonist MLA (5
mg/kg). DH-beta-E blocked nicotine's hypolocomotor effects, uncoupling
nicotine's effects on aggression and locomotion. Conclusions: Modulation of
the nAChR system, especially the alpha7 nAChR, may represent a novel avenue
for pharmacotherapy for aggression. Future research will further
characterize the pharmacological and circuit basis of these effects,
determine optimal nAChR agents, and apply these findings in clinical
studies.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine
nicotinic receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cholinergic receptor stimulating agent
nitrogen 13
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aggression
modulation
mouse
mouse model
psychiatry
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
analysis of variance
Bagg albino mouse
clinical study
drug therapy
Fisher exact test
human
latent period
lifespan
locomotion
male
post hoc analysis
side effect
statistics
survival
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 50
TITLE
A survey of community pharmacists and final-year student pharmacists and
their perception of psychotherapeutic agents
AUTHOR NAMES
McKee B.D.
Larose-Pierre M.
Rappa L.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McKee B.D., Brian.McKee3@va.gov) Pharmacy Department, Atlanta VA Medical
Center, Decatur, United States.
(Larose-Pierre M.) Florida A and M University, College of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Crestview, United States.
(Rappa L.R.) Florida A and M University, College of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Davie Instructional Site, Davie, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.D. McKee, Mental Health, Atlanta VA Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Road,
Decatur, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2015) 28:2 (166-174). Date of Publication: 15
Apr 2015
ISSN
1531-1937 (electronic)
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., claims@sagepub.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The World Health Organization has estimated that as many as
450 million people worldwide have mental disorders. More than 44 million
people in the United States have a mental disorder annually, estimating the
annual direct costs of mental illness to exceed US$69 billion.
Psychotherapeutic agents are used to treat mental illnesses and improve
quality of life. The purpose of the study is to assess the knowledge and
knowledge perception of community pharmacists and final-year student
pharmacists regarding psychotherapeutic agents dispensed to their community
of patients with mental illness. Methods: -Rfaut survey was distributed to
pharmacists and final-year student pharmacists regarding psychotherapeutic
agents. Results: In all, 100 pharmacists and 40 final-year student
pharmacists completed the survey. Upon analysis of surveys returned by
pharmacists, knowledge deficiency was assessed regarding anxiolytics and
mood stabilizers. The analysis of student participant surveys demonstrated
knowledge deficiency regarding antidepressants and anxiolytics. Conclusions:
Final-year student pharmacists would benefit from the curricular
incorporation of courses and advanced pharmacy practice experiences in
Psychiatry. Community pharmacists caring for customers with psychiatric
disorders should take advantage of continuing education series that
highlight updates and new developments regarding psychotherapeutic agents in
order to improve clinical outcomes of patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antidepressant agent
anxiolytic agent
atypical antipsychotic agent
mood stabilizer
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
buprenorphine plus naloxone
buspirone
clozapine
lipid (endogenous compound)
lithium
olanzapine
serotonin uptake inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
paramedical student
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
adult
anxiety disorder
article
bipolar disorder
blood cell count
depression
drug contraindication
drug indication
drug information
drug monitoring
female
health care survey
human
licensing
male
mental disease
middle aged
obsessive compulsive disorder
paramedical education
pharmacy
professional knowledge
suicide
treatment duration
weight gain
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7)
clozapine (5786-21-0)
lipid (66455-18-3)
lithium (7439-93-2)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015924077
MEDLINE PMID
24346959 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24346959)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013515709
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 51
TITLE
The addiction recovery clinic: A novel primary care-based approach to
teaching addiction medicine
AUTHOR NAMES
Tetrault J.M.
Holt S.
Cavallo D.
Fiellin D.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Holt S.; Cavallo D.; Fiellin D.A.) Yale University, New Haven, United
States.
(Tetrault J.M.) Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.M. Tetrault, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2015) 30 SUPPL. 2 (S509). Date of
Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-22 to 2015-04-25
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC
ABSTRACT
NEEDS AND OBJECTIVES: Substance use is prevalent in the U.S. resulting in
major public health burdens. Despite the high prevalence of substance use in
Internal Medicine (IM) practice, little curricular time is devoted to
training IM residents in Addiction Medicine (AM) and evaluating their skills
in identification, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of substance use and
substance use disorders. We developed and launched the Yale Addiction
Recovery Clinic (ARC), intended to meet this educational deficit while also
providing an outpatient clinical service to patients with addictive
disorders, based upon the chronic disease management model. The educational
objectives of the ARC include providing IM residents with knowledge of the
biologic basis for addiction, and educating residents about available
pharmacologic and behavioral interventions. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The
ARC is embedded within our outpatient adult Primary Care Residency Clinic
and is staffed by two to three IM trainees per block, two AM-certified
attending physicians, one AM Fellow, one social worker and a licensed
behavioral psychologist and provides comprehensive care to patients with
addiction. During their ambulatory rotation, trainees spend 1/2day per week
for four consecutive weeks at the ARC seeing new and established patients.
DESCRIPTION: Patient referrals are made from both the outpatient Primary
Care Residency Clinic, and the inpatient service. Inpatient consults are
evaluated by the ARC team during the inpatient stay, treatment is initiated,
and follow up with the ARC is then arranged. Once patients are stabilized at
the ARC, residents are encouraged to transition the patients' care back into
their longitudinal primary care practice, utilizing the skills obtained
during their ARC rotation. Services provided within the clinic include:
treatment of opioid use disorder with buprenorphine induction, maintenance
therapy, and behavioral counseling; treatment of alcohol use disorder with
pharmacotherapy (naltrexone, disulfiram, acamprosate) and behavioral
counseling, outpatient management of alcohol withdrawal, consultative
services for other drugs of abuse (e.g. marijuana, cocaine), smoking
cessation pharmacotherapy and counseling, and direct referral to local
addiction treatment facilities for patients who cannot be safely managed
within the ARC. EVALUATION: We developed a multi-level evaluation system.
Clinical practice is evaluated by visit numbers and patient satisfaction
surveys. Between August 2014 and December 2014, a total of 156 visits were
seen with an average of 2 new patients and 7 follow-up patients were seen
during each half-day session. Fifty percent of patients were treated for
opioid use disorder, 30% for alcohol use disorder and 20% for other
substance use disorder. Patient satisfaction surveys are currently being
collected and analyzed. Residents are evaluated using a novel Entrus table
Professional Activity (EPA) based system specifically designed for this
rotation, which includes three specific EPAs across ten different domains.
Overall, the rotation has been highly regarded by the residents as assessed
by qualitative evaluation data. DISCUSSION / REFLECTION / LESSONS LEARNED:
The ARC offers a unique primary care-based approach to teaching IM residents
the knowledge and skills to identify, diagnose, treat and prevent addiction
throughout the disease spectrum, in keeping with the chronic disease
management model. A multilevel assessment system is used to evaluate the
overall clinical practice, resident performance and skill acquisition
through an EPA based system, and resident satisfaction with the educational
experience.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate
buprenorphine
cannabis
cocaine
disulfiram
naltrexone
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
hospital
internal medicine
primary medical care
society
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adult
alcohol use disorder
alcohol withdrawal
chronic disease
clinical practice
counseling
diagnosis
disease management
diseases
drug therapy
follow up
hospital patient
human
maintenance therapy
model
outpatient
patient
patient referral
patient satisfaction
physician
prevalence
prevention
psychologist
public health
satisfaction
skill
smoking cessation
social worker
student
substance abuse
substance use
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 52
TITLE
Primary care physician-pharmacist collaborative medication management
service through a benzodiazepine outreach clinic at a university-based
internal medicine clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Loeb D.F.
Lewis C.L.
Lam H.M.
Trinkley K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Loeb D.F.; Lam H.M.) University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, United States.
(Lewis C.L.) Univesrity of Colorado, Denver, United States.
(Trinkley K.E.) University of Colorado, School of Pharmacy, Aurora, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.F. Loeb, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2015) 30 SUPPL. 2 (S544). Date of
Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-22 to 2015-04-25
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC
ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OR QUESTION (ONE SENTENCE): Inappropriate use of
benzodiazepines increases known risks of falls, asthenia, impaired cognition
and memory, substance abuse, and the potential to worsen anxiety. OBJECTIVES
OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION (NO MORE THAN THREE OBJECTIVES): Objective 1:
Decrease the proportion of patients inappropriately prescribed
benzodiazepines in a university-based internal medicine clinic. Objective 2:
Decrease anxiety symptoms through improved medication management. Objective
3: Improve primary care provider (PCP) understanding of appropriate
benzodiazepine use. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION, INCLUDING
ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT (E.G. INPATIENT VS. OUTPATIENT, PRACTICE OR COMMUNITY
CHARACTERISTICS): We are implementing a PCP-pharmacist collaborative
medication management service through a Benzodiazepine Outreach Clinic (BOC)
at University of Colorado Anschutz Internal Medicine Clinic for patients
with inappropriate benzodiazepine use. Based on National Institute for
Health guidelines, we define inappropriate benzodiazepine use as: 1) “as
needed” use for diagnoses other than insomnia, seizure disorder, or an acute
anxiety; 2) scheduled use as monotherapy for anxiety disorders without
documented evidence of failure to preferred, safer alternatives; and 3)
suboptimal choice of benzodiazepine or dosing regimen. All patients are
screened for inappropriate benzodiazepine prescriptions. The clinical
pharmacy team includes an attending clinical pharmacist, medical students,
and pharmacist interns and residents. This team recruits patients into the
BOC using a phone script, assesses patients' benzodiazepine use, and works
collaboratively under protocols to optimize the safe and effective use of
anxiety and insomnia medications. The protocols incorporate symptom
assessments with validated scales, including the Generalized Anxiety
Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Panic Disorder
Severity Score (PDSS). All patients will receive education on
non-pharmacological therapies and offered referrals to psychology and/or
psychiatry. PCPs are updated on patients' progress and any treatment
questions or concerns will be managed collaboratively between PCP and
clinical pharmacist. PCPs are educated directly through a one-time, formal,
evidence-based review session guided by the treatment algorithms. They are
educated indirectly through review of the BOC documentation in patient
charts. MEASURES OF SUCCESS (DISCUSS QUALITATIVE AND/OR QUANTITATIVE METRICS
WHICH WILL BE USED TO EVALUATE PROGRAM/ INTERVENTION): Our primary outcome
is the change in the percent of clinic patients with inappropriate
benzodiazapine prescriptions. Secondary outcomes include: 1) Pre- and post-
intervention patient symptoms measured with the GAD-7, ISI, and PDSS 2)
postintervention patient satisfaction surveys, 3) post-intervention PCP
satisfaction surveys, 4) Pre- and post- intervention PCP knowledge measured
with a knowledge test. We have conducted cognitive testing of the PCP
satisfaction survey and knowledge test with PCPs in another internal
medicine clinic associated with the same university. We will conduct process
mapping at 6 months to improve BOC clinic processes. FINDINGSTODATE (IT
ISNOTSUFFICIENT TOSTATE FINDINGSWILL BE DISCUSSED): Chart reviews of a
random sample of patients found that 11 (21 %) of 52 patients taking
benzodiazepines had received inappropriate prescriptions. In a feasibility
and acceptability pilot of patient panels from 3 PCPs, 24 patients were
eligible; of those 19 (79 %) were referred to the BOC clinic by their PCP.
Of those referred, 14 patients (74 %) scheduled an appointment and 11
patients (58 %) completed their first appointment. Of patients who completed
their first appointment, benzodiazepines were optimized in 3 (27 %) patients
and benzondiazapine regimens were determined appropriate in 4 (36 %)
patients. In the patients determined to be on appropriate regimens, the
indication for benzodiazepine prescription had not been documented
accurately. We had planned to transition phone recruitment to clinic staff
during the pilot study. However, during the initial calls patients were
frequently reluctant to discuss benzodiazepines. Thus, we decided clinicians
needed to continue to make these calls with careful messaging. KEY LESSONS
FOR DISSEMINATION (WHAT CAN OTHERS TAKE AWAY FOR IMPLEMENTATION TO THEIR
PRACTICE OR COMMUNITY?): Referral Tracking: The pilot pointed to a need to
track patients referred to the BOC clinic and repeat outreach to patients
who scheduled but did not complete appointments. Early stakeholder
engagement: Influential PCPs, one of UC-A's clinical teams, UC-A's
scheduling team, and the hospital's Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee were
engaged in the planning and development of the BOC clinic. Pilot
intervention: Conducting a small-scale pilot led to clinic-wide acceptance
of the BOC clinic. Patient Messaging: Careful messaging from the pharmacy
team was essential to patient acceptance of this potentially sensitive
clinical intervention. Documentation: The pilot finding of inaccurate
documentation of indication for benzodiazepine prescription points to the
importance of clinic processes to ensure accurate presctiption information.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
general practitioner
hospital
human
internal medicine
medication therapy management
pharmacist
society
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
algorithm
anxiety
anxiety disorder
asthenia
clinical pharmacy
cognition
diagnosis
diseases
documentation
drug therapy
education
evidence based practice
generalized anxiety disorder
health
hospital patient
inappropriate prescribing
insomnia
Insomnia Severity Index
medical record review
medical student
memory
monotherapy
panic
patient
patient satisfaction
pharmacy
pharmacy and therapeutics committee
pilot study
planning
prescription
primary medical care
psychiatry
psychology
random sample
resident
risk
satisfaction
seizure
substance abuse
symptom assessment
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 53
TITLE
Working together to take the pain out of chronic pain: An interprofessional
educational experience in graduate medical education
AUTHOR NAMES
Lee B.
Phillips A.E.
Bishop S.
Waller R.R.
Morgan L.
Jensen B.
Lord B.D.
Sicat B.L.
Rybarczyk B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lee B.; Phillips A.E.; Bishop S.; Waller R.R.; Morgan L.; Jensen B.; Lord
B.D.; Sicat B.L.; Rybarczyk B.) Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Lee, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2015) 30 SUPPL. 2 (S513). Date of
Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
38th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-22 to 2015-04-25
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC
ABSTRACT
NEEDS AND OBJECTIVES: Interprofessional education and collaboration is
critical to medical education and practice and is being increasingly
integrated into undergraduate medical education. While graduate medical
education (GME) trainees do interact with pharmacists and psychologists to
complete parallel patient care activities, they rarely collaborate to learn
from one another. We developed a series of team-based learning (TBL)
activities with learning teams composed of medical residents, pharmacy
residents, and clinical psychology graduate students. We describe the
development and evaluation of an interprofessional education (IPE) TBL
module on Chronic Non-Cancer Pain in the ambulatory setting. At the end of
this TBL, we expected learners to be able to do the following: 1. Assume
responsibility as a provider for assuming a non-biased attitude towards
patients on chronic opiates 2. Encourage the use of cognitive behavioral
therapy (CBT) and recognize its value 3. Embrace and recognize the necessity
of a team-oriented approach toward patient management 4. Recognize risk
factors for prescription drug misuse in patients treated with chronic
opioids 5. Identify common differential diagnoses for aberrant medication
use behavior 6. Administer common practice tools for monitoring patients
treated with opioids 7. Explain CBT to a patient and prepare him/her to
participate in CBT as an adjunct to pharmacologic therapy 8. Assess an
initial management plan for effectiveness, tolerability, and safety SETTING
AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 59 medical residents, 10 pharmacy
residents and 7 psychology graduate students in a single TBL session.
DESCRIPTION: The TBL module was developed collaboratively by faculty from
all three disciplines. To prepare for the module, facilitators sent
participants pre-reading assignments in advance (preparatory work). Readings
consisted of guidelines or review articles. Facilitators ensured that all
teams included at least one pharmacy and one psychology trainee. During the
session, teams completed a quiz on the reading, first individually and then
as a team (readiness assurance test), followed by facilitated discussion of
interactive cases requiring complex patient care decisions (group
application exercises). Each case was constructed to require input from all
professions in order to develop an appropriate answer. EVALUATION: At the
conclusion of the session, learners assessed, on a 4-point scale, with
1=never, 2=sometimes, 3=often and 4=always, their likelihood of developing
team-oriented attitudes, performing team-based tasks related to caring for
patients with chronic non-cancer pain, and applying new medical knowledge.
The first two response levels 'never' and 'sometimes' were combined due to
small numbers reporting 'never' to any of the survey items. The survey asked
learners to assess their ability both before and after training
(retrospective pre-post design). Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to
determine if mean differences between pre- and post-test scores were
significantly different from zero. Generalized estimating equations were
used to determine how profession and gender affected participant responses.
All survey questions had a statistically significant increase in mean score
between the pre- and post assessment (p<0.0001). The largest increases were
seen in participants' likelihood of explaining cognitive behavioral therapy
(CBT) to a patient to prepare him/her to participate in CBT as an adjunct to
pharmacologic therapy (1.06), their likelihood of encouraging the use of
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (0.90), and their likelihood of
identifying common differential diagnoses for aberrant medication use
behavior (0.76). Reported scores differed by profession with psychology
graduate students reporting higher scores in their likelihood of encouraging
the use of CBT compared to both medical and pharmacy residents. Pharmacy
residents were more likely to report higher scores in the likelihood of
assessing an initial management plan for effectiveness, tolerability and
safety when compared to both medical residents and psychology graduate
students. DISCUSSION/ REFLECTION / LESSONS LEARNED: This IPE TBL experience
in GME appears to have had a positive effect on all learners, with increases
not only in perceived knowledge of how to manage chronic non-cancer pain,
but also in attitudes toward team-based care. The data appear to show an
overall increase in participants' likelihood of explaining CBT, and also
encouraging its use. Perhaps not surprisingly, psychology graduate students
were more likely to encourage the use of CBT. TBL is a potentially powerful
way to leverage interprofessional learning experiences; however, the module
did take significant time to plan and implement (10-15 h of planning). The
session is also most fruitful if all participants are able to do the
pre-reading of material, which can be a challenge. Further study is needed
to determine if changes in attitudes seen here are sustained and if they
lead to actual changes in team-oriented behavior.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain
graduate
internal medicine
medical education
pain
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cancer pain
clinical psychology
cognitive therapy
differential diagnosis
drug misuse
drug therapy
education
exercise
gender
graduate student
human
learning
monitoring
occupation
patient
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacy
planning
psychologist
psychology
reading
responsibility
risk factor
safety
student
therapy
Wilcoxon signed ranks test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 54
TITLE
Review of smoking cessation in pregnancy
AUTHOR NAMES
Endean C.
Ahmed R.
Apen K.
Massa H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Endean C.; Ahmed R.; Apen K.) Tamworth Base Hospital, Tamworth, Australia.
(Massa H.) School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast
Campus, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Endean, Tamworth Base Hospital, Tamworth, Australia.
SOURCE
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (2015) 122
SUPPL. 2 (269). Date of Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
RCOG World Congress 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Brisbane, QLD, Australia
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-12 to 2015-04-15
ISSN
1470-0328
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction Smoking during pregnancy is harmful to the health of both the
mother and the unborn child and is one of the most prevalent but preventable
causes of infant death and illness. Historically chemicals such as carbon
monoxide were considered the most dangerous components of cigarette smoke.
More recently, increasing recognition of direct nicotine toxicity to the
fetus has generated concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of nicotine
replacement therapy (NRT). Methods Critical literature review with
particular attention being paid to positive trial and publication bias and
the addition of population studies. A range of methodologies was used, with
varying quality, making meta-analysis of findings inappropriate. Results 92
studies and literature reviews were included. Review and re-examination of
research in this review informs recommendations for alternative, safe and
effective interventions to reduce smoking in pregnant women. Conclusion
Nicotine is directly harmful to the developing infant, in both animal models
and prospective human studies. The most successful form of smoking cessation
in the general population is 'cold turkey' sudden smoking cessation. Studies
of NRT products in pregnancy suggests that nicotine replacement in pregnant
women does not work as well as it does in the general population and had no
significant advantage over counselling and behavioural support in smoking
cessation. In the largest trial, women had a similar quit rate to those who
had used a placebo (a patch without nicotine) by the end of their pregnancy.
While nicotine replacement has not been shown to decrease IUGR, counselling
and behavioural support reduce the incidence of low birthweight and preterm
births. In women who exhibit signs of severe addiction, the chances of
smoking cessation are reduced. College guidelines suggest that
pharmacological intervention may be required in this subgroup. If NRT is
going to be considered, short acting delivery systems should be used. It may
prove to be both ethically and financially beneficial to consider direct
financial incentives or counselling offered under GP management plans in
shared care arrangements rather than government sponsored NRT with little or
no behavioural counselling. Doctors should be wary of evidence (including
government directives), which is inadvertently tainted by pharmaceutical
company bias and may lead to patient harm. As professionals we have a duty
to our patients to carefully examine the research ourselves. Finally, NRT
should only be used if the patients are fully informed of the risks of NRT
to the fetus and informed consent obtained.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carbon monoxide
cigarette smoke
nicotine
placebo
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pregnancy
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
animal model
child
child death
college
counseling
diseases
drug industry
examination
female
fetus
government
health
human
infant
informed consent
low birth weight
meta analysis
meta analysis (topic)
methodology
mother
nicotine replacement therapy
patient
patient harm
physician
population
population research
pregnant woman
premature labor
publishing
risk
safety
smoking
toxicity
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/14710528.13383
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 55
TITLE
Clinical drug related problems and interventions of pharmacists on
prescribed medicines in Belgium
AUTHOR NAMES
De Wulf I.
Foulon V.
De Meyer G.R.Y.
De Vriese C.
Lacour V.
Steurbaut S.
Van Hees T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(De Wulf I., isabelle.dewulf@apb.be) APB, Brussels, Belgium.
(Foulon V.; Lacour V.) Katholieke Universiteit Leuven/Université Catholique
De Louvain, Belgium.
(De Meyer G.R.Y.) Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium.
(De Vriese C.; Steurbaut S.; Van Hees T.) Université Libre De
Bruxelles/Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. De Wulf, APB, Brussels, Belgium. Email: isabelle.dewulf@apb.be
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:2 (407-408). Date of
Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Conference 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Mechelen, Belgium
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-02-04 to 2015-02-06
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background Pharmacists have an important role in the prevention, detection
and management of drug related problems. The added value of the community
pharmacists is sometimes questioned. Purpose The aims of the study are: 1/to
study the frequency and nature of clinical drug related problems (DRP)
detected by community pharmacists when dispensing prescribed medicines. 2/to
investigate the nature and frequency of interventions by pharmacists on
clinical DRPs. Method MSc students of Pharmacy of six Belgian universities
collected data about all DRPs occurring during 5 days of their pharmacy
internship. Classification of the DRP, cause of the DRP, intervention and
result of the intervention was registered by using a web tool, based on the
DRP classification list of PCNE. Findings 5.839 (37 %) of the 15.952
registered DRPs concerned problems with at least one clinical cause. The
most frequently registered clinical causes were drug interaction (1.911),
inappropriate timing of administration (765), dose too high (548),
inappropriate drug (537) or dose too low (394). The cause “Drug interaction”
was significantly more reported as a cause for DRPs on refill prescription
than for DRPs on new prescriptions, who had significant more DRPs due to
“inappropriate timing of administration”, “Dose too high” and “Inappropriate
drug”. For 852 problems with only clinical causes (n = 4.847) there was an
intervention at the drug level (18 %). Interventions on the level of the
patient took place in 87 % of these problems. About 80 % of the DRPs due to
an inappropriate timing of administration dose too low or too high, were
totally solved. 43 % of the problems due to a drug interaction were not
solved. The percentage of totally solved problems was the highest for
dermatologicals (82 %) and for systemic anti-infectives (80 %), and lowest
for drugs with ATC-code B (65 %) and N (63 %). Conclusion The analysis of
the prescription prior to delivery of the medicines appears necessary. DRPs
due to an 'inappropriate timing of administration' or an 'inappropriate
dose' are more likely to be totally solved. The active intervention of the
pharmacist indicates that the pharmacist contributes to the optimization of
drug therapy with potentially an increase in the quality of life of the
patient and a reduction in the cost of healthcare.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Belgium
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Belgian
classification
drug interaction
drug therapy
health care
patient
pharmacy
prescription
prevention
quality of life
student
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-015-0080-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 56
TITLE
Just say know to drugs!: A pilot study for high school student science
enrichment
AUTHOR NAMES
Akers J.
Thompson K.
Carrier R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Akers J.; Thompson K.; Carrier R.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Akers,
SOURCE
FASEB Journal (2015) 29 Meeting Abstracts. Date of Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
Experimental Biology 2015, EB
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boston, MA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-28 to 2015-04-01
ISSN
0892-6638
BOOK PUBLISHER
FASEB
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the Just Say Know to Drugs! camp was twofold: our primary
goal was to increase student understanding of basic science and pharmacology
concepts and our secondary goal was to develop student self-assurance in the
sciences. The program introduced the fundamentals of pharmacology through
the study of basic science. Different teaching modalities were utilized to
keep learning fun and engaging. The camp included a pre-test given on the
first day and an identical post-test administered on the last day. An
interest survey was included in the post-test. Students were given one hour
to complete the tests which contained a series of basic science and
pharmacology questions. The results of the tests and survey were analyzed
using paired t-tests to determine the impact of the camp on participant
knowledge and performance. The post-test revealed significantly higher
scores in biology, chemistry, and pharmacology and the test overall (p <
0.05). Furthermore, survey data revealed that the camp increased student
knowledge regarding pharmacology and drugs of abuse. Survey questions also
highlighted student confidence in their current understanding of and
progress through their high school science courses. The data collected are
indicative of the success of this pilot program. Given these findings, we
intend to continue educating students about pharmacology using this model.
Additional studies will evaluate whether students take this educational
success and interest further, choosing to direct their focus on pharmacology
or other related fields.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
high school student
human
pilot study
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
high school
learning
model
pharmacology
student
Student t test
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 57
TITLE
Molecular imaging for the evaluation of drug-receptor interactions in
psycoactive substances of abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Pasquali M.
Uccelli L.
Boschi A.
Ossato A.
Martini P.
Giganti M.
Di Domenico G.
Pupillo G.
Marti M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ossato A.; Marti M.) Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (SVeB),
University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
(Pasquali M.; Boschi A.; Martini P.; Giganti M.) Morphology, Surgery and
Experimental Medicine Department, University of Ferrara, Italy.
(Uccelli L.) Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine Department,
University of Ferrara; Nuclear Medicine Unit, S. Anna Hospital, Ferrara,
Italy.
(Di Domenico G.; Pupillo G.) Physics and Hearth Science Department,
University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Pasquali, Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine Department,
University of Ferrara, Italy.
SOURCE
Clinical and Translational Imaging (2015) 3 SUPPL. 1 (S137-S138). Date of
Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
12th National Congress of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine and
Molecular Imaging, AIMN 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Rimini, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-16 to 2015-04-19
ISSN
2281-5872
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l.
ABSTRACT
Background-Aim: The objective of this work is to apply molecular imaging
techniques, based on the administration of radioactive tracers in small
animal models as a method to investigate the mechanisms of receptor
interactions of drugs of abuse. A further objective of the study was to
establish, in collaboration with the pharmacology unit of the University of
Ferrara, a “pre-clinical research network” able to rapidly investigate the
neurobiological mechanisms and the pharmacological effects induced by acute
and chronic administration of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) seized by
law enforcement agencies. Methods: 123I-Ioflupane (DaTscan) was supplied by
the Nuclear Medicine of S. Anna Hospital of Ferrara. Animal experiments were
carried out in compliance with the relevant national laws relating to the
conduct of animal experimentation and EU Directive 2010/63/EU. SPECT studies
have been performed using a YAP(S)PET scanner. CD-1 mice (male, 35-40 g),
divided into three different group, were anesthetized with an intramuscular
injection of a mixture of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xilazine (20 mg/kg) and
submitted to a pretreatment by intraperitoneal injection of vehicle (saline
0.9 %), cocaine (20 mg/ kg) or amphetamine (10 mg/kg). Thirty minutes after
drug or vehicle administration, mice were submitted to a retrobulbar
injection with a solution of 123I-DaTscan (450-500 lCi). Imaging analysis
(128 views/360°) of the head of the animal were performed 2 and 3 h after
the administration of 123I-DaTscan and lasted 60 min each one. Images were
reconstructed by using the iterative EM-ML algorithm including the
collimator response. CT images have been acquired using the digital X-ray
imaging system integrated into the YAP(- S)PET scanner. To evaluate the
brain distribution of 123I-DaTscan were selected ROI on SPECT images and the
total activities, normalized to the injected ones, have been calculated.
Results: The results showed that the binding of 123I-DaTscan at DAT
transporters was decreased in the striatum of mice submitted to a
pretreatment with cocaine or amphetamine in comparison with the
vehicleinjected animals. In particular, a significantly decreased in the
binding of 123I-Ioflupane was observed in animals pretreated with cocaine.
Conclusion: As expected cocaine and amphetamine bind and block the dopamine
transporter (DAT) in the mouse brain with particular respect to the
striatum. This study confirms and strengthens the possibility of employing
the technique of SPECT analysis in small rodents to provide quickly
information about the structure/activity of Novel Psychoactive Substances.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine
cocaine
dopamine transporter
iodine 123
ioflupane i 123
ketamine
receptor
sodium chloride
tracer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
drug receptor binding
molecular imaging
nuclear medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
algorithm
animal experiment
animal model
brain
CD-1 mouse
chronic drug administration
clinical research
collimator
corpus striatum
hospital
imaging
imaging system
intramuscular drug administration
intraperitoneal drug administration
law enforcement
male
mouse
PET scanner
pharmacology
radiography
retrobulbar drug administration
rodent
single photon emission computer tomography
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40336-015-0114-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 58
TITLE
The addition of a specialist pharmacist to heart transplant and ventricular
assist device clinics-early trends in patient care
AUTHOR NAMES
Gellatly R.M.
Livingstone C.
Bergin P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gellatly R.M.; Livingstone C.; Bergin P.) Alfred Hospital, Melbourne,
Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.M. Gellatly, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
SOURCE
Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation (2015) 34:4 SUPPL. 1 (S240-S241).
Date of Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
35th Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions of the International Society for
Heart and Lung Transplantation, ISHLT 2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Nice, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-04-15 to 2015-04-18
ISSN
1053-2498
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To describe the role of a specialist heart failure/transplant
pharmacist newly implemented into the outpatient ventricular assist device
(VAD) and heart transplant clinics in an Australian setting. Methods: In
August 2014, a specialist pharmacist was implemented into a twice weekly 4
hour outpatient clinic, consisting of short and long-term heart transplant
and VAD patients. The patients for review were identified by clinic nurses,
the pharmacist, and physicians. The pharmacist conducted a medication
history and review for identification of drug-related problems, medication
adherence assessments, and patient education. The pharmacist completed
outpatient notes detailing the patient interaction, interventions made, and
follow up required. Data was extracted retrospectively from the electronic
health record between August to October 2014. Descriptive statistics are
used to present the data. Results: Over an 11-week period, there were 86
patient encounters in 67 patients (mean age 51±18 years, 80% male, 10 VAD
patient encounters in 6 VAD patients). Patients were taking an average of 14
medications. Medication histories were taken at 85% of patient encounters.
Adherence assessments were completed in 85% of patients, with non-adherence
identified in 8 patients. Patient education was provided at 91% of
encounters. Common education themes included counseling patients on changes
to therapies made in the clinic, post-operative pain management, sun care
and medication adherence strategies. Forty-six actual or potential
drug-related problems (DRPs) were identified in 25 patient encounters.
Common classifications of DRPs included 20 untreated indications, 8 drugs
used without an indication, and 5 adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: A
specialist pharmacist can be successfully implemented into Australian VAD
and heart transplant clinics. Key roles include, obtaining accurate
medication histories, undertaking compliance assessments, identifying DRPs,
and providing patient education. Opportunities such as investigating
multi-disciplinary team and patient attitudes towards the service and the
expansion of the scope of service warrant further study.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
heart
heart graft
hospital
hospital patient
human
lung transplantation
medical specialist
patient care
pharmacist
society
ventricular assist device
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
analgesia
Australian
classification
counseling
drug therapy
education
electronic medical record
follow up
male
medication compliance
nurse
outpatient
outpatient department
patient
patient attitude
patient education
physician
statistics
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 59
TITLE
Outcomes of pharmacy intervention at intensive care units of An University
Hospital in Taiwan
AUTHOR NAMES
Lin C.-W.
Lin B.-S.
Wang K.-C.
Chin T.-Y.
Tang J.-J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lin C.-W.; Lin B.-S.; Wang K.-C.; Chin T.-Y.; Tang J.-J.) Department of
Pharmacy, National Yang Ming University Hospital, Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.-W. Lin, Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming University Hospital,
Taiwan.
SOURCE
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection (2015) 48:2 SUPPL. 1
(S127). Date of Publication: April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
7th International Congress of the Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Taipei, Taiwan
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-26 to 2015-03-29
ISSN
1684-1182
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The antibiotic use and prevalence of multidrug-resistant
microorganisms (MDROs) significantly increased in intensive care unit (ICU)
of an university hospital from 2013. Pharmacy intervention was implemented
to optimize antibiotic use since 2014. We want to investigate the outcomes
of pharmacy intervention in the ICU. Methods: Pharmacists participated in
the ICU interprofessional patient care and evaluate broad-spectrum
antibiotic use from 2014. All drugrelated problems (DRPs) were reported via
Taiwan patient safety reporting system (TPR) by pharmacists and sent to the
chief officer of physician to improve appropriateness of antibiotic use. We
compared differences before and after pharmacy intervention include analysis
of DRPs, consumption and cost of antibiotics, and prevalence of MDROs.
Antibiotic consumption was expressed as number of defined daily doses/1000
bed-days for each month of study. Prevalence of MDROs was also calculated
monthly according to non-duplicate samples. Difference of antibiotic
consumption and prevalence of MDROs after pharmacy intervention was assessed
using independent t test, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's
Correlation Coefficient. Results: Consumption and cost of broad spectrum
antibiotics, especially carbapenem, in ICU were decreased significantly
after pharmacy intervention implementation (January to July in 2014 vs.
January to December in 2013, broad spectrum antibiotics DID: 955 × 171 vs.
1287 × 61, p = 0.042; broad spectrum antibiotics cost: 983 × 161 vs. 1539 ×
109 NTD, p = 0.009; carbapenem DID: 91 × 17 vs. 148 × 7, p= 0.045).
Consumption of broad spectrum antibiotics and carbapenem correlate with
prevalence of MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) (broad spectrum
antibiotics vs. MDRAB, r = 0.603, p = 0.006; carbapenem vs. MDRAB, r =
0.460, p = 0.047). Conclusions: Excessive and inappropriate uses of
antibiotics have been recognized as a major problem and one reason of high
expenditures, as well as increase of drug-resistant microorganisms in
Taiwan. Pharmacy intervention may play important role in reduction of
antibiotic use and cost, even prevalence of MDROs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
carbapenem
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Asia
infection control
intensive care unit
pharmacy
society
Taiwan
university hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Acinetobacter baumannii
correlation coefficient
human
microorganism
patient care
patient safety
pharmacist
physician
prevalence
Student t test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 60
TITLE
Pharmacists’ role in handling problems with prescriptions for antithrombotic
medication in Belgian community pharmacies
AUTHOR NAMES
Desmaele S.
De Wulf I.
Dupont A.G.
Steurbaut S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Desmaele S.; Dupont A.G.; Steurbaut S., Stephane.Steurbaut@uzbrussel.be)
Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (KFAR), Centre
for Pharmaceutical Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103,
Brussels, Belgium.
(De Wulf I.) Centrum Wetenschappelijke Ontwikkeling voor Apothekers,
Algemene Pharmaceutische Bond, Archimedesstraat 11, Brussels, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Steurbaut, Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
(KFAR), Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, Belgium.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:4 (656-668). Date of
Publication: 31 Mar 2015
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background Community pharmacists have an important task in the follow-up of
patients treated with antithrombotics. When delivering these medicines,
pharmacists can encounter drug–related problems (DRPs) with substantial
clinical and economic impact. Objective To investigate the amount and type
of antithrombotic related DRPs as well as how community pharmacists handled
these DRPs. Setting Belgian community pharmacies. Methods MSc pharmacy
students of six Belgian universities collected data about all DRPs
encountered by a pharmacist during ten half days of their pharmacy
internship. Data were registered about DRPs detected at delivery and in an a
posteriori setting, when consulting the medical history of the patient.
Classification of the DRP, cause of the DRP, intervention and result of the
intervention were registered. Main outcome measure Amount and type of
antotrombitocs related DRPs occurring in community pharmacies, as well as
how community pharmacists handled these DRPs. Results 3.1 % of the 15,952
registered DRPs concerned antithrombotics. 79.3 % of these DRPs were
detected at delivery and 20.7 % were detected a posteriori. Most
antithrombotic-related DRPs concerned problems with the choice of the drug
(mainly because of drug–drug interactions) or concerned logistic problems.
Almost 80 % of the antithrombotic-related DRPs were followed by an
intervention of the pharmacist, mainly at the patient’s level, resulting in
90.1 % of these DRPs partially or totally solved. Conclusion Different DRPs
with antithrombotic medication occurred in Belgian community pharmacies.
About 20 % was detected in an a posteriori setting, showing the benefit of
medication review. Many of the encountered DRPs were of technical nature
(60.7 %). These DRPs were time-consuming for the pharmacist to resolve and
should be prevented. Most of the DRPs could be solved, demonstrating the
added value of the community pharmacist as first line healthcare provider.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anticoagulant agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antithrombocytic agent
antivitamin K
blood clotting factor 10a inhibitor
heparin
thrombin inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist attitude
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
aged
article
Belgian
Belgium
cross-sectional study
drug choice
drug classification
electronic prescribing
female
human
major clinical study
male
middle aged
outcome assessment
patient care
pharmacy
priority journal
problem solving
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
heparin (37187-54-5, 8057-48-5, 8065-01-8, 9005-48-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015883544
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-015-0106-3
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 61
TITLE
Treatment of internet addiction in patient with panic disorder and obsessive
compulsive disorder: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Santos V.
Nardi A.E.
King A.L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Santos V., veruskaasantos@gmail.com; Nardi A.E.; King A.L.S.) Laboratory of
Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio
de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
(Santos V., veruskaasantos@gmail.com; Nardi A.E.; King A.L.S.) National
Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Santos, DELETE Group, Detoxification of Technologies, Institute of
Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Venceslau Brás, 71,
Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
SOURCE
CNS and Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets (2015) 14:3 (341-344). Date of
Publication: 1 Mar 2015
ISSN
1996-3181 (electronic)
1871-5273
BOOK PUBLISHER
Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 294, Bussum, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Problematic Internet use is a worldwide social issue and it can be found in
any age, social, educational, or economic range. In some countries like
China and South Korea internet addiction (IA) is considered a public health
condition and this governments support research, education and treatment.
Internet addiction has been associated with others psychiatric disorders.
Panic disorder (PD) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) are anxiety
disorders that involve a lot of damages in patient’s life. We report a
treatment of a patient with Panic Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
and internet addition involving pharmacotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy (CBT). The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was conducted 1 time per
week during 10 weeks and results suggest that the treatment was an effective
treatment for the anxiety and for the internet addiction.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
clonazepam (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
internet addiction (therapy)
obsessive compulsive disorder (drug therapy, drug therapy, therapy)
panic (drug therapy, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
agoraphobia
anxiety
article
breathing exercise
case report
Clinical Global Impression scale
cognitive therapy
comorbidity
daily life activity
disease association
DSM-5
female
Hamilton Anxiety Scale
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
human
sleep disorder
sweating
tachycardia
tremor
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015045228
MEDLINE PMID
25714981 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25714981)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 62
TITLE
Effect of a pilot care coordination program on compliance with naltrexone
extended release suspension for injection
AUTHOR NAMES
Chambers A.
Kleyman S.
Snyder M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chambers A., ashley@drazizrx.com) Dr. Aziz Pharmacy, France.
(Kleyman S.; Snyder M.) Purdue University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Chambers, Dr. Aziz Pharmacy, France. Email: ashley@drazizrx.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e245). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the impact of a care coordination pilot program on
patient adherence to naltrexone injection for the prevention of opioid
and/or ethanol addiction relapse. Methods: This retrospective, nonblinded,
pre- and post-intervention observational chart review will test the impact
of a care coordination pilot program on outpatient adherence to extended
release naltrexone injection for the treatment of opioid and/or ethanol
addiction within a community pharmacy setting. The care coordination program
will incorporate transition of care as well as substance abuse, emotional,
and social support resources. These resources will be provided to the
patient at the community pharmacy during their monthly injection as a
brochure containing contact information for local support groups, outpatient
and counseling programs, employment resources, and substance abuse crisis
hotlines. Follow up phone calls, which will assess cravings, potential
medication side effects, and support needs will be provided to patients
approximately 2 weeks post injection by medical assistants and pharmacists.
These medical assistants will receive training on the program's policies and
procedures, available resources, and call script by the pharmacy resident.
In addition, patients will receive reminder calls prior to scheduled
injections and patients who miss their scheduled appointment will receive
follow up calls for rescheduling. The study protocol will be submitted to
the Investigational Review Board in May 2015. Data collection will commence
upon project approval and will occur via chart review of electronic medical
records. Demographic data, injection administration dates, proportion of
days covered, self-reported opiate/alcohol use, and number of follow up
calls will be collected and analyzed using parametric or nonparametric tests
as appropriate. The comparison group will be a cohort 6 months prior to the
intervention. The pilot program aims to achieve a 15% increase in proportion
of days covered.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naltrexone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
injection
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
counseling
drug therapy
electronic medical record
employment
follow up
human
information processing
medical assistant
medical record review
nonparametric test
outpatient
patient
patient compliance
pharmacist
pharmacy
policy
prevention
procedures
relapse
side effect
social support
substance abuse
support group
telephone
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 63
TITLE
Pharmacist's role in a dental clinic: Setting up an interprofessional
education site
AUTHOR NAMES
Stevens B.
Johnson K.
O'Brien K.
Begley K.
Castillo S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stevens B.; Johnson K., kalinjohnson@creighton.edu; O'Brien K.; Begley K.;
Castillo S.) Creigh-Ton University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Stevens, Creigh-Ton University, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e172-e173).
Date of Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The primary objectives were to develop and pilot an
interprofessional education program in which a pharmacist provides
medication therapy management services in a dental school clinic. Secondary
objectives were to assess the number of interventions made by the pharmacist
and assess the number of dental students the pharmacist assisted in
completing medication histories. Methods: As part of the dental school's
curriculum, 172 dental students in their third and fourth year hold clinic
hours, accepting both insured and uninsured patients. During a 7-week time
frame, the pharmacist worked closely with the dental students to educate
them on the importance of identifying, resolving, and preventing
drug-related problems. Results: A descriptive analysis sorted the
pharmacist's interventions in the dental clinic into six categories: adverse
reactions or drug interactions, drug choice problems, dosing problems,
patient- related problems, medication history assistance, and medication
prescribed recommendations. The data showed the pharmacist intervened in 47
adverse reaction/ drug interaction cases, 2 drug choice problems, 5 dosing
problems, and 13 patient-related problems; the pharmacist also assisted 45
dental students with medication histories and had 2 medication
recommendations accepted by the dentist or the physician. Conclusion: Dental
patients often have complex medication regimens for multiple disease states.
These medications and disease states affect dental treatment and follow-up
in the dental clinic environment. Pharmacists have the opportunity to make a
positive impact on patient outcomes by conducting thorough health and
medication histories and by communicating with both dental and medical
providers involved in a patient's care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dental clinic
education
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
curriculum
dental education
dental patient
dental procedure
dental student
dentist
drug choice
drug interaction
drug therapy
education program
environment
follow up
health
hospital
medically uninsured
medication therapy management
patient
patient care
physician
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 64
TITLE
Correlation between identified and resolved drug therapy problems to
rehospitalization rates and patient outcomes discovered through a
pharmacist-led transitional care unit patient discharge education program
AUTHOR NAMES
Fiske A.
Anderson D.
Friesner D.
Taylor S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fiske A., afiske@thriftywhite.com; Taylor S.) Thrifty White Pharmacy,
France.
(Anderson D.) Sanford Medical Center, United States.
(Friesner D.) North Dakota State University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Fiske, Thrifty White Pharmacy, France. Email: afiske@thriftywhite.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e175). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: According to the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services, one
in five Medicare patients (2.6 million individuals) is readmitted to the
hospital within 30 days post discharge, accounting for nearly $26 billion
per year. From admission to discharge and through continuance of care,
pharmacists assist patients and caregivers by coordinating medication
handoffs, eliminating medication discrepancies, and improving adherence. The
goal of this research project is to evaluate how a pharmacist-led
transitional care unit (TCU) patient discharge education program affects
rehospitalization rates and patient outcomes through identified and resolved
drug therapy problems (DTPs). Methods: The study is an observational pilot
project using data collected from an existing patient discharge education
program. The type, quantity of identified and resolved DTPs, and time at
which the DTP was identified will be analyzed. DTPs include: (1) missing
therapy, (2) unnecessary therapy, (3) suboptimal drug, (4) cost efficacy,
(5) adverse drug reaction, (6) drug-drug interaction, (7) drug-condition
interaction, (8) dose too low, (9) dose too high, (10) proper monitoring of
drug, (11) appropriate duration of therapy, (12) underuse of medication,
(13) overuse of medication, (14) inappropriate administration, and (15)
immunization history. Data will be analyzed using χ(2) tests and 5%
significance levels. Data collection and analysis are ongoing. Results:
Currently, data collected from July 1, 2014 to September 17, 2014 yields 15
patients completing the program. Pharmacists identified 43 DTPs with an
average number of 2.86 DTPs per patient. DTPs identified range from 0 per
patient to 8 per patient. There have been 37 DTPs addressed by the patient/
physician and 32 interventions were implemented (86% success rate). This
pharmacist-led TCU patient education discharge program is a realistic model
to incorporate pharmacists in helping to bridge the care gap during patient
transitions of care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
education program
hospital discharge
hospital readmission
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
caregiver
drug cost
drug interaction
hospital
immunization
information processing
low drug dose
medicaid
medicare
model
monitoring
patient education
physician
pilot study
therapy
treatment duration
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 65
TITLE
Confidence of student pharmacists in drug abuse training
AUTHOR NAMES
Winey S.
Noll C.
Anderson S.
Chen A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winey S., sarahwiney@cedarville.edu; Noll C.; Anderson S.; Chen A.)
Cedarville University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Winey, Cedarville University, School of Pharmacy, United States. Email:
sarahwiney@cedarville.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e245). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The goal of this project is to increase student pharmacist
confidence in their knowledge of prescription drug abuse consequences and
dangers and their confidence in openly discussing the issue of prescription
drug abuse. Methods: Team-based learning (TBL) utilizes active learning to
promote self-directed, deep learning and enhance adaptability in
problem-solving situations. To prepare students to develop and participate
in an American Pharmacists Association-Academy of Student Pharmacists
GenerationRx program, a TBLbased educational session was created. Prior to
the session, student pharmacists completed readings on prescription drug
abuse. During the 2-hour session, the students completed an instrument
(7-point Likert-type; 19 items) assessing their confidence regarding
prescription drug abuse knowledge and communicating with others regarding
this issue as well as gathering demographic information (10 items).
Afterward, the students participated in an individual readiness assessment
(iRAT) to assess what they learned from the reading, a team readiness
assessment (tRAT) to allow for deeper learning through group discussions of
the iRAT questions, and an application exercise, where they interacted in
groups to examine scenarios and identify relevant solutions that may occur
in future pharmacy practice. Student pharmacists then developed the
GenerationRx presentation, and during October 2014, they will present to
local middle schools. In December 2014, the same survey instrument assessing
confidence will be administered and pre-post changes in confidence will be
analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: A total of 39 students
(n = 18 pre-pharmacy; n = 21 professional) completed baseline assessment.
The median confidence regarding knowledge and communicating with others was
somewhat confident (median = 5) or confident (median = 6) for all items.
Data collection is ongoing with anticipated completion in December 2014.
With the increasing prevalence of prescription drug abuse, pharmacists now
have a greater responsibility to reach out to their communities. The results
gained from this project will assist in the modification of training
exercises and building confidence in student pharmacists to prepare them to
engage communities now and in their future practice.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
human
pharmacist
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
American
community
exercise
information processing
learning
middle school
pharmacy
prevalence
problem solving
reading
responsibility
Wilcoxon signed ranks test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 66
TITLE
Knowledge and perception of prescription medication abuse among college
freshman enrolled in a first-year experience course
AUTHOR NAMES
Strait R.
Stephens K.
Bloodworth L.
Dikun J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Strait R., rachelcstrait@gmail.com; Stephens K.; Bloodworth L.; Dikun J.)
University of Mississippi, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Strait, University of Mississippi, United States. Email:
rachelcstrait@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e246). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study is designed to measure the effectiveness of an
American Pharmacists Association (APhA)- Academy of Student Pharmacists
(ASP)- sponsored Generation Rx program delivered by student pharmacists
through assessments of knowledge, perceptions, and willingness to intervene
upon college freshman enrolled in the First-Year Experience Course (EDHE
101) at The University of Mississippi. Methods: An instrument was developed
and adapted to allow a pre- and post-survey methodology to measure overall
program effectiveness. Knowledge- based assessments were developed utilizing
Generation Rx Initiative materials, with presentations subsequently
developed and presenters trained to ensure consistent delivery of knowledge
domain content. Subscales for perception and intervention domains were both
adapted from a validated instrument. Domains will be assessed on key
demography for comparison. Observations will be directly utilized in
programmatic assessment to ensure quality and appropriateness of the local
Generation Rx program. All descriptive and inferential statistics of this
exploratory work will be performed and assessed. This study was submitted to
The University of Mississippi Institutional Review Board. Results: Results
are forthcoming and will be presented at the APhA Annual Meeting and
Exposition. Course offerings will be late September/early October. In
collaboration with The University of Mississippi's Office of Health
Promotions, student pharmacists will be responsible for writing the textbook
chapter on prescription drug education and prevention of prescription drug
abuse utilized in the EDHE 101 curriculum for the following academic year.
The data will directly affect how the material is prepared, delivered, and
assessed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
college
drug therapy
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
American
book
curriculum
demography
drug abuse
education
health promotion
human
inferential statistics
institutional review
methodology
pharmacist
prevention
program effectiveness
student
United States
university
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 67
TITLE
Pharmacy student and pharmacist impact on patient safety and care:
Interventions in a community pharmacy setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Krinsky D.
Bachmann D.
Harbert B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Krinsky D., dkrinsky@neomed.edu; Bachmann D.; Harbert B.) Northeast Ohio
Medical University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Krinsky, Northeast Ohio Medical University, United States. Email:
dkrinsky@neomed.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e240-e241).
Date of Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Community pharmacies offer myriad opportunities to impact patient
safety and patient care. Activities such as patient education and device
demonstration are taken for granted yet the impact on outcomes is
potentially very significant. Previous research suggests many drug-related
problems are preventable through pharmacist actions. The objectives of this
study are to: (1) evaluate the types and significance of interventions
performed in a community pharmacy setting and (2) assess the potential
impact on patient safety and care. Methods: At this practice, intervention
opportunities are typically identified by pharmacists during the final
prescription verification (checking) process. These prescriptions are tagged
for counseling and cannot be sold until the counseling is completed. After
the encounter, the pharmacist or pharmacy student documents the
actions/discussion and assigns a “significance” number based on his or her
interpretation of patient value. The encounter documentation form includes
the following suggested scale for the ranking of interventions: 1 = mild, 4
= moderate, 7 = major. We evaluated the data pertaining to the types of
encounters and conducted a retrospective review of the rankings based on the
initial data gathered. We aim to further assess the appropriateness of the
severity level assigned at the time of interaction. Results: A retrospective
review of the data from June-September 2014 found 491 point-of-care
interventions; of these, 177 had a severity level assigned (>90% level 1).
Interventions included verifying dose changes, allergies, medication
changes, device training, and others. We will retrospectively assess the
types of interventions and the potential impact on patient care. A more
detailed analysis of these and additional 2014 data will be presented. We
anticipate these data will validate the value of community pharmacists'
“routine” interventions on patient safety and demonstrate the importance of
focus on product and patient. We plan to expand this documentation process
to other locations in our organization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
patient safety
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
allergy
counseling
devices
documentation
drug therapy
patient
patient care
patient education
prescription
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 68
TITLE
Evaluation of a hypertension adherence service in a community pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Avant N.
Marcy T.
Planas L.
Stevens E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Avant N., navant2@att.net) University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,
United States.
(Marcy T.; Planas L.; Stevens E.) University of Oklahoma, College of
Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Avant, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States. Email:
navant2@att.net
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e118). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to define the impact of a
hypertension medication adherence service in a community pharmacy. Methods:
The setting for this study was a community pharmacy, managed by a college of
pharmacy, housed within a university-based primary care clinic in Oklahoma.
Participants were predominately black patients with hypertension.
Pharmacist-run interventions using scheduled visits averaging 22 minutes to
assess each patient's blood pressure (BP), heart rate, antihypertensive
therapies, medication adherence, barriers to adherence, and drug-related
problems (DRPs). Outcome measures were changes in BP and BP control as well
as DRPs, and respective interventions were collected retrospectively and
assessed at baseline and at the second visit. Results: The mean age of the
17 patients eligible for this study was 58 years with patients on an average
of three antihypertensive medications. Eightytwo percent of the patients
possessed a concomitant diabetes mellitus diagnosis and two-thirds of
patients were female. The mean BP at the initial visit was 152/82 mm Hg with
82% of patients having BP >140/90 mm Hg. By visit 2, patients achieved
greater improvements in systolic BP (-8 mm Hg) and BP control (17.6% vs.
47.1%). Among the 17 patients, 20 DRPs were identified just at visit 1.
Pharmacists documented an average of 2.4 DRPs per patient in two visits. Of
the total 41 DRPs found by visit 2, the most common were medication misuse
(32%), missing lab (20%), suboptimal treatment (12%), and adverse drug
reactions (10%). Of the 44 interventions documented, the most common were
patient education (27%), change dose (23%), order lab (18%), and refer for
evaluation (9%). Half of the recommendations to change dose, 25% of the
recommendations to order labs, and 100% of the recommendations to be
referred for evaluation were executed. Conclusion: Community pharmacists
collaborating with physicians achieved reductions in BP and improved control
rates in patients with hypertension as well as identified and corrected
DRPs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypertension
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
antihypertensive therapy
blood pressure
college
diabetes mellitus
diagnosis
drug therapy
female
heart rate
hospital
human
medication compliance
patient
patient education
pharmacist
physician
primary medical care
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 69
TITLE
Collaborative practice agreements: Potential for community pharmacists to
more efficiently resolve drug therapy problems
AUTHOR NAMES
Bloor C.
Moss K.
Bacci J.
Antinopoulos B.
Mc-Givney M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bloor C.; Moss K., ksm38@pitt.edu; Bacci J.; Antinopoulos B.; Mc-Givney M.)
University of Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Bloor, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e130). Date of
Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The study objectives are to: (1) determine the proportion of drug
therapy problems identified by community pharmacists in patients with
diabetes that could be more efficiently resolved through a collaborative
practice agreement (CPA) in Pennsylvania and (2) identify pharmacies in
Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, that are equipped to implement a CPA.
Methods: CPAs are a tool to aid in pharmacists collaborating with physicians
to more efficiently care for their patients. Regulations are currently
pending in Pennsylvania to allow wide-scale implementation of CPAs in the
community setting. One hundred and fourteen second-professional year student
pharmacists are in 70 community pharmacists in Allegheny County within a
required experiential education course. Student pharmacists' observations of
community pharmacists identifying and resolving drug therapy problems in
diabetic patients will be retrospectively reviewed. Data collected include
type of drug therapy problem identified, the pharmacists' steps taken to
resolve the problem, and time to resolution. A needs assessment of each
pharmacy practice was conducted to identify existing resources for CPA
implementation. An expert panel of pharmacists who work collaboratively with
physicians will review the student observation data and determine the
proportion of drug therapy problems that could be more efficiently resolved
through a CPA. A summative evaluation of the needs assessment will provide
an overview of services in the region and allow a forecasted determination
of impact if CPAs were in place. Results: Research in progress. Uncovering
drug therapy problems that can be identified and resolved by pharmacists in
the community through CPAs can assist in understanding the impact on
efficiency and quality of patient care by pharmacists. Laws and regulations
of CPAs currently vary from state to state, yet determination of impact is
critical for all communities.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
diabetes mellitus
diabetic patient
education
needs assessment
patient
patient care
pharmacy
physician
student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 70
TITLE
A student pharmacist's role in medication therapy management within a
medication synchronization program
AUTHOR NAMES
Goff J.
Veach S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Goff J., jessica-goff@uiowa.edu; Veach S.) University of Iowa, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Goff, University of Iowa, United States. Email: jessica-goff@uiowa.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e212-e213).
Date of Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The goal of this study is to demonstrate the ability of a student
pharmacist working with a pharmacist to identify and resolve drug therapy
problems for patients enrolled in a medication synchronization program.
Methods: This is an observational report of a student pharmacist's
involvement in a pharmacy's medication synchronization program. This
observation will take place at an independent community pharmacy that has 65
patients enrolled in its medication synchronization program. A student
pharmacist was incorporated into the pharmacy's medication synchronization
program and is responsible for contacting patients by phone to review their
medications for refill on a monthly or 3-month basis. Prior to the patient
phone call, the student pharmacist reviews the patient's medication list and
notes any additional information needed from the patient. The student then
records each patient interaction that occurs during routine phone calls and
identifies potential drug therapy problems. If a potential problem is
identified, the student further investigates the issue by using drug
information resources and consults with a licensed pharmacist. Based on the
conclusions drawn from the investigation process, the student pharmacist
counsels the patient on the issue or makes a recommendation for change in
therapy to the patient's prescriber. Each intervention is recorded. Data
collected for this observational study will include the number of patient
interventions initiated by a student pharmacist and the category of drug
therapy problem identified. Descriptive statistics will be used to report
the results. Results: Research in progress. The preliminary findings have
demonstrated the student pharmacist's ability to identify and take action to
correct drug therapy problems such as noncompliance and the need for
additional therapy. By providing quantitative evidence of the student
pharmacist's ability to identify patients in need of medication therapy
management, this project could serve to improve the efficiency of workflow
within the community pharmacy and improve patient care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
human
medication therapy management
pharmacist
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug information
observational study
patient
patient care
pharmacy
statistics
therapy
workflow
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 71
TITLE
Impact of a pharmacist in a transitional care clinic on readmission rates
and adherence
AUTHOR NAMES
Swank S.
Metzger A.
Luder H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Swank S., srxswank@gmail.com; Metzger A.; Luder H.) University of
Cincinnati, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Swank, University of Cincinnati, United States. Email: srxswank@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2015) 55:2 (e133-e134).
Date of Publication: March-April 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2015
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-27 to 2015-03-30
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Research on factors affecting care of patient handoffs from a
transitional care outpatient clinic (TCOC) visit to primary care physician
(PCP) visit is limited. The Transitions of Care Consensus Conference
recognizes the importance of outpatient transitions. The objective of this
study is to assess the impact of interventions made by an ambulatory care
pharmacist collaborating with a TCOC physician and community pharmacists to
bridge the gap from TCOC to establishment of the initial PCP visit for
patients recently discharged from the hospital. Methods: This is a
prospective, sin- gle-center, cohort study of all patients seen in a TCOC at
a federally qualified health center. TCOC meets on Tuesdays (physician visit
only) and Thursdays (physician and pharmacist visit). The interventional arm
will include 50 patients seen by the physician and pharmacist. These
patients will receive pharmacistled chart review of recent hospitalization,
medication reconciliation, phone calls to patient and pharmacy, education
and adherence counseling, and recommendations on drug therapy problems and
monitoring. Pillbox, medication reminder, and med-card with illustrative
directions also will be provided. The control arm will be composed of 50
patients participating in a physician-only visit at TCOC. Data will be
collected from the electronic medical record, TCOC visit, and pharmacy
records and will include demographics, readmission and emergency department
(ED) visit dates, fill history, drug therapy problems, and pharmacist
interventions. The primary study outcome is all-cause 30-day readmission/ ED
visit. Secondary outcomes include 30-day readmission/ED visit for reason of
index hospitalization and medication adherence. Other outcomes are time
duration of interventions and drug therapy problems and pharmacist
interventions to mitigate these problems. Statistical analysis will utilize
SPSS software. Study is pending institutional review board approval.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
hospital readmission
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
arm
clinical handover
cohort analysis
computer program
consensus
counseling
data analysis software
drug therapy
education
electronic medical record
emergency ward
general practitioner
health center
hospitalization
institutional review
medical record review
medication compliance
medication therapy management
monitoring
outpatient
outpatient department
patient
pharmacy
physician
statistical analysis
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2015.15515
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 72
TITLE
A survey of substance use for cognitive enhancement by university students
in the Netherlands
AUTHOR NAMES
Schelle K.J.
Olthof B.M.J.
Reintjes W.
Bundt C.
Gusman-Vermeer J.
Vanmil A.C.C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schelle K.J., kimberlyschelle@gmail.com; Olthof B.M.J.; Reintjes W.; Bundt
C.; Gusman-Vermeer J.; Vanmil A.C.C.M.) Radboud Honours Academy, Radboud
University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
(Schelle K.J., kimberlyschelle@gmail.com) Department of Industrial Design,
Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
(Olthof B.M.J.) Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience,
Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
(Reintjes W.) Department of Neurology, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, Netherlands.
(Bundt C.) Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent,
Belgium.
(Vanmil A.C.C.M.) Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health
Sciences, University Medical Center, Radboud, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.J. Schelle, Radboud Honours Academy, Radboud University, Comeniuslaan 4,
Nijmegen, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience (2015) 9:FEB Article Number: A10. Date of
Publication: 17 Feb 2015
ISSN
1662-5137
BOOK PUBLISHER
Frontiers Research Foundation, info@frontiersin.org
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmacological cognitive enhancement, using chemicals to change
cellular processes in the brain in order to enhance one’s cognitive
capacities, is an often discussed phenomenon. The prevalence among Dutch
university students is unknown. Methods: The study set out to achieve the
following goals: (1) give an overview of different methods in order to
assess the prevalence of use of prescription, illicit and lifestyle drugs
for cognitive enhancement (2) investigate whether polydrug use and stress
have a relationship with cognitive enhancement substance use (3) assessing
opinions about cognitive enhancement prescription drug use. A nationwide
survey was conducted among 1572 student respondents of all government
supported Dutch universities. Results: The most detailed level of
analysis—use of specific substances without a prescription and with the
intention of cognitive enhancement—shows that prescription drugs, illicit
drugs and lifestyle drugs are respectively used by 1.7, 1.3, and 45.6% of
the sample. The use of prescription drugs and illicit drugs is low compared
to other countries. We have found evidence of polydrug use in relation to
cognitive enhancement. A relation between stress and the use of lifestyle
drugs for cognitive enhancement was observed. We report the findings of
several operationalizations of cognitive enhancement drug use to enable
comparison with a wider variety of previous and upcoming research.
Conclusions: Results of this first study among university students in the
Netherlands revealed a low prevalence of cognitive enhancement drug use
compared to other countries. Multiple explanations, such as a difference in
awareness of pharmacological cognitive enhancement among students,
accessibility of drugs in the student population and inclusion criteria of
enhancement substances are discussed. We urge enhancement researchers to
take the different operationalizations and their effects on the prevalence
numbers into account.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
caffeine
illicit drug
nicotine
non prescription drug
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognitive defect
substance use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
drug misuse
human
lifestyle
multiple drug abuse
Netherlands
outcome assessment
prescription
prevalence
questionnaire
scoring system
stress
university student
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
caffeine (58-08-2)
nicotine (54-11-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015772446
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2015.00010
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 73
TITLE
Safety measures of high-alert medications in paediatrics hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Bataille J.
Prot-Labarthe S.
Bourdon O.
Joret P.
Brion F.
Hartmann J.-F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bataille J.; Prot-Labarthe S.; Bourdon O.; Joret P.; Brion F.) Pharmacie,
Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France.
(Bataille J.; Joret P.) Pharmacie Clinique, Université Paris Descartes,
Paris, France.
(Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Laboratoire Educations et Pratiques de santé,
Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, France.
(Hartmann J.-F.) Coordonnateur de la Gestion des Risques AssociéS Aux Soins,
CLIN/CVRiS, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Bataille, Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, Paris, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:1 (233). Date of
Publication: February 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
43rd ESCP International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy Patient Safety:
Bridging the Gaps
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Copenhagen, Denmark
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-22 to 2014-10-24
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: High-alert medications are drugs associated with
the highest risk of injury when they are misused. Paediatric population
itself is at high risk of drug misuse. In a previous study, a list of 17
high-alert medications was identifying in our department. The aim of this
study is to identify the list of safety measures to reduce errors on
high-alert medications use process. Setting and method: A three-step process
was set: (1) literature review, (2) electronic survey sent to clinicians
(seniors and residents), nurses and pharmacists working in a paediatric
hospital. The participants were asked to select safety measures from the
list constructed from the literature search and to suggest other measures
for the use of high-alert medications. (3) A consensus staff approved a list
of safety measures for the hospital with a prioritization of action. Main
outcome measures: Obtain a list of paediatric measures to secure highalert
medications process. Results: The review of literature identified 69 safety
measures. The response rate to the survey was 20 % and nurses were the most
represented category (64 %). Survey participants suggested improvement to
safety measures in the following areas: incident reporting, drug
administration protocol, clear and accessible information about medications,
and double-checking implementation. The consensus list was composed of 53
measures. Several working groups are created to set up these projects. Some
high-alert medications are daily used, for example insulin in endocrinology
and anaesthetics in operating rooms. The medical staff working in these
departments is not bound to implement the complete measures, but these
exceptions are notified on the protocol. 26 % of these measures are already
set up. Conclusions: We proposed additional safety measures to prevent
medication errors associated with high-alert medications. These measures
addressed human, technical, organizational, and environmental factors such
as information sheets for each high-alert medications, development and
standardization of safety procedures and identification of high-alert
medications in stockrooms at the pharmacy and the health care units. The
implementation of these measures in paediatric hospital should help to
prevent medication errors, and subsequent studies will be carried out to
confirm their effectiveness. The outcomes expected are a reduction of
medications errors, an increase of reporting incidents of errors and nearly
errors.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anesthetic agent
insulin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
hospital
human
patient safety
pediatrics
safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
consensus
drug administration
drug misuse
endocrinology
environmental factor
health care
injury
medical staff
medication error
nurse
operating room
pediatric hospital
pharmacist
pharmacy
population
procedures
risk
standardization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0039-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 74
TITLE
Pharmacist Intervention in a Psychiatric Setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Bugeja A.
Serracino-Inglott A.
Azzopardi L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bugeja A.; Serracino-Inglott A.; Azzopardi L.) Pharmacy, University of
Malta, Msida, Malta.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Bugeja, Pharmacy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:1 (241). Date of
Publication: February 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
43rd ESCP International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy Patient Safety:
Bridging the Gaps
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Copenhagen, Denmark
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-22 to 2014-10-24
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Around 12 % of people suffering from global
disease account for psychiatric disorders. It has been identified that these
patients are amongst the most challenging to manage.1 This study aimed to
introduce and evaluate a pharmacist intervention when dealing directly with
psychiatric patients and their family members. Setting and method: This
study took place at Mount Carmel Hospital, the main local psychiatric
hospital. A group of 20 psychiatric patients who selfadminister their
medication and a group consisting of another 20 family members in charge of
their ill relatives were interviewed using a validated medication adherence
questionnaire before and after the distribution and explanation of a
personalised medication chart. The 'Medication Chart Evaluation Form' was
also completed post-intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS version 21.
Main outcome measures: Medication adherence, patient/family member knowledge
pre- and post- intervention Results: The mean percentage score for
'knowledge of the dosage regimen' after the intervention (97.97 %) exceeded
the score before the intervention (88.95 %) (p = 0.001). The mean percentage
score for 'knowledge of the medicine indication' after the intervention
(89.31 %) exceeded the score before the intervention (59.19 %) (p approx. =
0) Apart from forgetfulness (10/20), 12 patients revealed that their lack of
adherence was due to: the annoyance of having to take medication (mentioned
twice), the wish for an alcoholic drink (mentioned once), side effects
(mentioned 4 times), out-of-stock medicines (mentioned twice), not seeing
beneficial outcomes (mentioned once), feeling that there was no more need of
certain medications(mentioned once), a nasty pill's scent (mentioned once).
Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of the pharmacist's role
as an educator. The distribution and explanation of the medication chart
acted as an empowerment tool to improve medication awareness and knowledge
which was found to be an important factor needed to increase medication
adherence.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
human
patient safety
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholic beverage
annoyance
data analysis software
drug dose regimen
drug therapy
empowerment
hospital
medication compliance
mental disease
mental hospital
mental patient
odor
patient
pill
questionnaire
side effect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0039-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 75
TITLE
Drug-related problems in community pharmacies: A new tool to classify
pharmaceutical interventions
AUTHOR NAMES
Maes K.
Bruch S.
Hersberger K.
Lampert M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Maes K.; Bruch S.; Hersberger K.; Lampert M.) Department of pharmaceutical
sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland.
(Maes K.; Lampert M.) Clinical Pharmacy, Kantonsspital Baselland,
Bruderholz, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Maes, Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Pharmaceutical Care Research
Group, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2015) 37:1 (201). Date of
Publication: February 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
43rd ESCP International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy Patient Safety:
Bridging the Gaps
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Copenhagen, Denmark
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-22 to 2014-10-24
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: A classification system of pharmaceutical
interventions (GSASA system) was implemented in several Swiss hospitals,
while in community pharmacies no standardised classification is used. To
promote mutual information (seamless care), the structure of the
classification system should be similar for both settings but provide
different levels of details, and support medication management along the
patient pathway. Our objectives were to adapt the existing GSASA system to
suit the community pharmacy setting and to perform a first validation of the
new tool. Setting and method: Based on an exploratory trial using the GSASA
system and protocols of medication reviews performed in community
pharmacies, we developed a modified classification system. During a 6-week
trial, 5th-year pharmacy students (n = 77) collected 10 discharge and
ambulatory prescriptions requiring an intervention. They received training
to thoroughly document each case with short description, prescription copy,
and classification forms for each intervention. This allowed assessing
appropriateness, interpretability, and validity. Acceptability and
feasibility were tested by a 10-item questionnaire and 5-point Likert scales
(1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). To determine inter-rater
reliability, the same students (n = 58) classified 3 standard cases and
Fleiss-Kappa coefficients k were calculated. Main outcome measures:
Proportion of fully classified interventions, comprehensiveness of the
classification, user's satisfaction, inter-rater reliability (Fleiss-Kappa
coefficients) Results: The classification system includes 5 main categories
and 52 subcategories. Out of all interventions (n = 725), 39 (5.4 %) could
not be fully classified. Out of 76 students, 30 (39.5 %) agreed that time
expenditure to classify a drug-related problem (DRP) was appropriate (mean
user agreement 3.05 ± 1.12). They reported more difficulties to find the
proper classification for DRPs in the categories 'problem' (3.12 ± 1.15) and
'cause' (3.25 ± 1.18), than in the others. This is reflected by the moderate
users agreement for the categories 'problem' (k = 0.53) and 'cause' (k =
0.45), while substantial agreement for the categories 'type of problem' (k =
0.70) and 'intervention' (k = 0.76) was obtained. Conclusions: The new
classification system for pharmaceutical interventions, adapted for
community pharmacies, reached good inter-rater reliability (all categories
with k>0.4), high rating of acceptability and feasibility, and almost all
interventions could be classified. Further refinements are needed to improve
the precision of the tool and to enable final validation with practicing
community pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
human
patient safety
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accuracy
cardiac resynchronization therapy device
classification
drug therapy
hospital
kappa statistics
Likert scale
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
prescription
questionnaire
reliability
satisfaction
student
Swiss
validity
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0039-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 76
TITLE
Using a virtual patient system for the teaching of pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Menendez E.
Balisa-Rocha B.
Jabbur-Lopes M.
Costa W.
Nascimento J.R.
Dósea M.
Silva L.
Lyra Junior D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Menendez E.; Costa W.; Nascimento J.R.; Dósea M.; Silva L., leila@ufs.br)
Department of Computing (DCOMP), Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil.
(Balisa-Rocha B.; Jabbur-Lopes M.; Lyra Junior D.) Laboratory of Teaching
and Research in Social Pharmacy (LEPFS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal
University of Sergipe, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Silva, Department of Computing (DCOMP), Federal University of Sergipe,
Marechal Rondon Avenue, Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
SOURCE
International Journal of Medical Informatics (2015) 84:9 (640-646). Date of
Publication: 14 Jan 2015
ISSN
1872-8243 (electronic)
1386-5056
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The communication skills of pharmacists are essential for the
identification and reduction of patient's drug related problems. Therefore,
Pharmacy courses started the process of teaching Pharmaceutical Care to
students in order to improve their communication skills. The use of virtual
patients (VP) has been a widely used technique in health care courses, but
many of the VP tools in Pharmacy field are in English and do not have
clinical cases that are common in tropical countries, such as Brazil. The
aim of this work is to describe the PharmaVP system, developed with the
purpose of training Latin America students in Pharmaceutical Care. The main
differential of PharmaVP is the availability in three languages (Portuguese,
English and Spanish) and the possibility of clinical case evolution,
simulating several visits made by the patient. Methods: The system was
developed according to an incremental and interactive methodology, well
suited for conducting multidisciplinary projects. Real clinical cases were
collected from a Pharmaceutical Care program and added in PharmaVP to
simulate the virtual patients. Then, 31 students of a Pharmacy course were
trained and invited to participate of the evaluation study. They used the
software and answered adapted instruments that assess the students'
acceptance of, use of, learning of, and satisfaction with the system.
Results: The results showed that the students found the cases realistic and
learned significantly using the software. Another positive point is that the
application process of PharmaVP did not consume much time. Discussion: We
can conclude that the virtual patient tool contributed to the development of
the skills required for the practice of Pharmaceutical Care, but should be
used as complementary technique.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
pharmaceutical care
virtual patient system
virtual reality
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
communication skill
computer program
evaluation study
human
learning
pharmacy student
priority journal
student attitude
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015118605
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.05.015
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 77
TITLE
Reflections on Addiction in Students Using Stimulants for Neuroenhancement:
A Preliminary Interview Study
AUTHOR NAMES
Hildt E.
Lieb K.
Bagusat C.
Franke A.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hildt E., ehildt@iit.edu) Center for the Study of Ethics in the
Professions, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3241 S. Federal Street,
Chicago, United States.
(Hildt E., ehildt@iit.edu) Department of Philosophy, University of Mainz,
Jakob Welder-Weg 18, Mainz, Germany.
(Lieb K., klaus.lieb@unimedizin-mainz.de; Bagusat C., bagusat@uni-mainz.de;
Franke A.G., franke@hs-nb.de) Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,
University Medical Centre, Untere Zahlbacher Straße 8, Mainz, Germany.
(Franke A.G., franke@hs-nb.de) Department of Social Work and Education,
University of Neubrandenburg, University of Applied Sciences, Brodaer Straße
2, Neubrandenburg, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Hildt, Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions, Illinois
Institute of Technology, 3241 S. Federal Street, Chicago, United States.
SOURCE
BioMed Research International (2015) 2015 Article Number: 621075. Date of
Publication: 2015
ISSN
2314-6141 (electronic)
2314-6133
BOOK PUBLISHER
Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 410 Park Avenue, 15th Floor, 287 pmb, New
York, United States.
ABSTRACT
The use of stimulants for the purpose of pharmacological neuroenhancement
(NE) among students is a subject of increasing public awareness. The risk of
addiction development by stimulant use for NE is still unanswered.
Therefore, face-to-face interviews were carried out among 18 university
students experienced in the nonmedical use of methylphenidate and
amphetamines for NE assessing aspects of addiction. Interviews were
tape-recorded, verbatim-transcribed, and analyzed using a qualitative
approach. The interviews showed that participants - the majority had current
or lifetime diagnoses of misuse or addiction to alcohol or cannabis -
reported an awareness of the risk of addiction development associated with
stimulant use and reported various effects which may increase their
likelihood of future stimulant use, for example, euphoric effects, increase
of self-confidence, and motivation. They also cited measures to counteract
the development of addiction as well as measures taken to normalize again
after stimulant use. Students were convinced of having control over their
stimulant use and of not becoming addicted to stimulants used for NE. We can
conclude that behavior and beliefs of the students in our sample appear to
be risky in terms of addiction development. However, long-term empirical
research is needed to estimate the true risk of addiction.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central stimulant agent (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol (drug toxicity)
amphetamine derivative (drug toxicity)
cannabis (drug toxicity)
methylphenidate (drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
student attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcoholism
article
awareness
cannabis addiction
clinical article
controlled study
drug dependence
drug misuse
euphoria
female
health hazard
human
male
mental performance
motivation
qualitative research
self concept
self confidence
self control
semi structured interview
university student
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015063953
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/621075
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 78
TITLE
A cooperative agreement for workforce development in vietnam: HIV-addiction
technology transfer center (VH-ATTC)
AUTHOR NAMES
Darfler K.
Larkins S.
Rawson R.
Le Minh G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Darfler K.; Larkins S.; Rawson R.) University of California Los Angeles,
Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Los Angeles, United States.
(Le Minh G.) Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Darfler, University of California Los Angeles, Integrated Substance Abuse
Programs, Los Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Annals of Global Health (2015) 81:1 (143-144). Date of Publication:
January-February 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
6th Annual CUGH Conference, Consortium of Universities for Global Health:
Mobilizing Resesarch for Global Health
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boston, MA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-26 to 2015-03-28
ISSN
2214-9996
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA
ABSTRACT
Program/Project Purpose: Vietnam is experiencing an HIV epidemic due, in
large part, to the persistent problem of injection heroin use. There is an
urgent need for workforce development in the areas of HIV and substance use
disorders (SUD). Based at Hanoi Medical University (HMU), the Vietnam
HIV-Addiction Technology Transfer Center (VH-ATTC) aims to provide a
workforce that can deliver services to reduce the individual and societal
impacts of HIV and SUD by (1) improving access to treatment and prevention
services through systems linkage, and (2) increasing the capacity of the
workforce to provide a wide range of evidence-based treatments. Phase I
Project: 9/1/2011 - 8/31/2014 Phase II Project: 9/1/2014 - 8/ 31/2017
Structure/Method/Design: The overarching goals of this initiative are to
disseminate evidence-based knowledge and skills; to adapt approaches to the
Vietnamese culture; to monitor, support and encourage implementation of
these practices; and to develop a Vietnam- based resource that will sustain
these efforts in the future. HMU was selected as the VH-ATTC hub, as it is
the country's leading institution in coordinating curriculum development in
many fields of medicine and public health. UCLA provides consultation to HMU
in developing a plan to become a self-sustaining training and technical
assistance resource. Outcomes & Evaluation: The VH-ATTC has succeeded in
building the capacity to develop a skilled and knowledgeable local workforce
by establishing: master trainers with considerable technical knowledge and
capabilities, an abundance of Vietnamese language materials, resources and
curricula, and a website, newsletter and listserv. The VH-ATTC has been
designated as a national training institution, and its staff members have
provided technical assistance to clinics in more than 10 provinces.
Evaluation activities are designed to determine whether theVH-ATTCis
effectively providing ongoing workforce development and training resources,
andmeeting U.S. Government (GPRA) reporting requirements. Since its
inception, the VH-ATTC team has carried out more than 60 trainings, 15
lectures on addiction science, and two large conferences; far exceeding
projected GPRA targets (380+% of goal). Going Forward: During Phase II, a
second high-functioning VHATTC will be created in southern Vietnam at the Ho
Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy. The priority of this
project is to expand training and technical assistance resources throughout
Vietnam and strengthen the capacity of the addiction services system. The
VH-ATTC at HMU will play a substantial role in mentoring the South VH-ATTC
in the foundation components of a newly established VH-ATTC. By the end of
the current work plan, each university will “own” their VH-ATTC, and will
have developed a plan to generate revenue for sustainability beyond the
project period.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diamorphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
health
Human immunodeficiency virus
technology
university
Viet Nam
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
city
consultation
curriculum
curriculum development
epidemic
evidence based practice
government
hospital
injection
language
non profit organization
pharmacy
prevention
public health
publication
skill
substance abuse
United States
Vietnamese
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 79
TITLE
Interprofessional student-run primary health care clinics: Implications for
pharmacy education in Scotland
AUTHOR NAMES
Weidmann A.E.
Pammett R.
Landry E.
Jorgenson D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Weidmann A.E., a.e.weidmann@rgu.ac.uk) School of Pharmacy and Life
Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
(Pammett R.) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
(Landry E.; Jorgenson D.) The College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University
of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.E. Weidmann, School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon
University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2015) 148:3 (156-159). Date of Publication: 5
May 2015
ISSN
1913-701X (electronic)
1715-1635
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Pharmacists Association, 1785 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa, Canada.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health center
pharmacy student
primary health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
body weight management
cross-sectional study
drug misuse
experiential learning
female
health care delivery
health service
human
male
medical examination
patient care
public relations
questionnaire
smoking cessation
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015105026
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1715163515578124
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 80
TITLE
Quod me nutrit me destruit ("What nourishes me, destroys me")
AUTHOR NAMES
Brown L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brown L.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Brown,
SOURCE
SA Pharmaceutical Journal (2015) 82:8 (46). Date of Publication: 2015
ISSN
1015-1362
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medpharm Publications, PO Box 14804, Lyttelton, Gauteng, South Africa.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
codeine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
health education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug misuse
human
needle
note
prescription
scalpel
syringe
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
codeine (76-57-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015441194
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 81
TITLE
Knowledge, attitude and opinion of drug misuse and abuse by pharmacy
students: A cross-sectional study in Jordan
AUTHOR NAMES
Jaber D.
Bulatova N.
Suyagh M.
Yousef A.-M.
Wazaify M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jaber D.; Bulatova N.; Suyagh M.; Yousef A.-M.; Wazaify M.,
m.wazaify@ju.edu.jo) Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy,
University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Wazaify, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, University
of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2015) 14:8 (1501-1508). Date of
Publication: 1 Aug 2015
ISSN
1596-9827 (electronic)
1596-5996
BOOK PUBLISHER
University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. editor@tjpr.org
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the knowledge, attitude and opinion of final-year
undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacy students regarding inappropriate
drug use in a university campus, Amman, Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional
survey using a self-completed validated anonymous questionnaire that
consisted of two parts was adopted. The first part of the questionnaire
pertained to respondents' demographic details, education level and any
experience they might have had with drug misuse or abuse. The second part
described students' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the
identification, prevention and management of drug misuse and abuse. Results:
A total number of 198 pharmacy students filled the questionnaire (N = 131
undergraduate, and N = 67 postgraduate students). A majority of the students
strongly agreed/agreed that all pharmacy staff must be trained on
recognizing drug abusers (92.0 %), informed of the kinds of drugs abused in
the local area of the pharmacy (93.4 %) and trained on methods of dealing
with drug abusers (92.6 %). Conclusion: There is a need to implement a
well-structured training on the identification, prevention and management of
prescription and OTC drug misuse and abuse in undergraduate pharmacy
curricula in Jordan. Modules should be updated regularly and tailored to
meet the needs of pharmacy practice.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude
drug abuse
drug misuse
knowledge
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cross-sectional study
educational status
female
human
male
pharmacist
prescription
professional practice
questionnaire
work experience
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015346953
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v14i8.25
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 82
TITLE
Expanding access to mat in Puerto Rico: Attitudes, perceptions and training
needs of pharmacists and technicians toward dispensing buprenorphine for
patients with opioid dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Grana Morales C.G.
Márquez J.
Rivera S.
Ruiz J.
Avilés J.
Albizu-García C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grana Morales C.G.; Márquez J.; Rivera S.; Ruiz J.; Avilés J.;
Albizu-García C.) University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.G. Grana Morales, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, United States.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e126-e127). Date of Publication: 1
Jan 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Juan, Puerto Rico
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: Previous studies have found that pharmacy personnel may have negative
perceptions and fears regarding opioid dependent patients and may be
unwilling to stock medications for their treatment. In this study we
identify knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards dispensing
buprenorphine for patients with opioid dependence in a representative sample
of pharmacists and technicians in Puerto Rico. We explore if these differ by
whether or not the pharmacy accepts Medicaid. Methods: A Probabilistic
sample with 118 participants from 61 pharmacies (65% response rate)
responded to a self-administered questionnaire in 2011. A univariate
analysis was conducted using SPSS version 17.0 to describe the attitudes,
knowledge and training needs. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess if
these differed by acceptance of Medicaid. Results: 80% agreed they would
provide service to a person with opioid dependence; 90% were willing to
dispense the medication. In spite of this, 48% believe that participants can
carry out thefts in the pharmacy and 50% fear for their safety. Knowledge
scores did not differ by Medicaid acceptance but negative attitudes towards
drug users was significantly greater among pharmacies accepting Medicaid (p
< 0.000). Conclusions: MAT expansion efforts must take into account the
knowledge and attitudes of pharmacists as an important component of the
system of care. Efforts to address negative attitudes towards drug users
should initiate in pharmacies serving Medicaid beneficiaries.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug dependence
human
opiate addiction
patient
pharmacist
Puerto Rico
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bivariate analysis
data analysis software
drug therapy
drug use
fear
medicaid
personnel
pharmacy
questionnaire
safety
theft
univariate analysis
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.262
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 83
TITLE
Revisiting Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED): The impact of a pharmacist
telephone intervention on hospital readmission rates
AUTHOR NAMES
Sanchez G.M.
Douglass M.A.
Mancuso M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sanchez G.M.; Douglass M.A.; Mancuso M.A., michelle.mancuso@bmc.org)
Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, 88 E. Newton Street, Boston,
United States.
(Douglass M.A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Northeastern University,
Boston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.A. Mancuso, Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, 88 E. Newton
Street, Boston, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2015) 35:9 (805-812). Date of Publication: 1 Sep 2015
ISSN
1875-9114 (electronic)
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Purpose Project Re-Engineered Discharge is a discharge nurse education (DNE)
and pharmacist follow-up telephone intervention protocol that was shown to
decrease rehospitalization significantly. The specific value of the
pharmacist intervention was not originally evaluated. The objective of this
study was to determine the impact of a pharmacist telephone intervention
during the transition of care process on the rate of unplanned
hospitalization within 30 days of patient discharge. Methods A retrospective
chart review was completed for patients who received DNE counseling and were
discharged to home from the family medicine service at Boston Medical Center
from July 2012 to May 2013. Patients were stratified into two groups:
contacted/intervention and unable to contact/no intervention. The primary
outcome was the rate of unplanned hospital utilization including emergency
department visits and readmissions within 30 days of discharge. Secondary
end points included number of pharmacist interventions and time spent on
phone calls. Results A total of 401 patients were identified; 277 patients
received a pharmacist telephone intervention, and 124 patients were unable
to be contacted. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two
groups, with the exception of a higher prevalence of substance abuse in the
nonintervention group (41.9% vs 21.3%, p<0.001). The rate of unplanned
hospitalization (visits/patient) was significantly reduced in the
intervention group, compared with the unable-to-contact group (0.227 vs
0.519, p<0.001). Pharmacists made a total of 128 interventions and spent an
average of 22 minutes on each telephone intervention. Conclusion Patients
unable to be contacted by a pharmacist after hospital discharge were more
likely to be readmitted or visit the emergency department in the 30 days
following discharge. A pharmacist telephone intervention as part of a
comprehensive discharge protocol can have a positive impact on patients
during the transition of care process by reducing incidence of unplanned
hospital utilization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital discharge
hospital readmission
nursing education
pharmacist
Project Re Engineered Discharge
telephone interview
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical protocol
controlled study
emergency ward
female
health care cost
health care utilization
home care
human
incidence
major clinical study
male
medicare
patient counseling
prevalence
primary medical care
retrospective study
substance abuse
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015410240
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1630
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 84
TITLE
Early evaluation of the experiences and opinions of pharmacists towards the
Ontario Narcotics Monitoring System
AUTHOR NAMES
Sproule B.
Liu K.-W.
Chundamala J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sproule B.; Liu K.-W.; Chundamala J.) Centre for Addiction and Mental
Health, Toronto, Canada.
(Sproule B.; Liu K.-W.) University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Sproule, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e106). Date of Publication: 1 Jan
2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Juan, Puerto Rico
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: Ontario recently implemented a prescription monitoring program which
features a unique system of alerts to pharmacists which are triggered when
dispensing prescriptions for monitoring drugs based on previous prescription
data indicating multiple prescribers, multiple pharmacies, duplicate
prescriptions and early or late refills. The purpose of this study was to
evaluate the experiences and opinions of pharmacists in relation to the
implementation of Ontario's Narcotic Monitoring System, particularly as it
pertains to the alert feature. Methods: An electronic survey was sent to all
pharmacists in Ontario 6 months after implementation of the program. The
survey included items related to demographics, practice setting,
descriptions of significant alert-related patient encounters, positive and
negative opinions, and suggestions for improvement. Results: Of the 972
respondents, 89% (n = 867, 52% female) had received an alert since the
inception of the program. The majority of pharmacists (90%) indicated
receiving the multiple doctors, multiple pharmacies and duplicate drug
alerts at least 1-2 days per week. A range of 53-72% of pharmacists rated
most types of alerts as very useful. Pharmacists described over 1300
significant alert-related encounters, with over one-half triggered when
filling an opioid prescription. With most (>70%) of these encounters further
communication was made with the patient, pharmacists, and prescribe.
Pharmacists indicated the program conferred improved monitoring of
prescription drug use, however, conflicts with patients was the most common
negative outcome identified (19%). Conclusions: The new Ontario Narcotics
Monitoring System is frequently alerting pharmacists to potentially
problematic dispensing patterns that require further inquiry and
intervention to resolve. There were generally positive opinions about the
system with some limitations identified. Further evaluation is underway to
provide program implementers with evidence-based suggestions to optimize
program impact.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Canada
college
drug dependence
human
monitoring
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug use
evidence based practice
female
interpersonal communication
laryngeal mask
patient
pharmacy
physician
prescription
program impact
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.655
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 85
TITLE
Using HIV clinics to improve quality of community-based medical education
AUTHOR NAMES
Pollack T.
Diep Tuan T.
Hoai Phong N.
Tuyet Nhung V.
Nhat Vinh D.
Quoc Dat N.
Thu Van T.
Duong D.
Libman H.
Cosimi L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pollack T.; Duong D.) Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam
(HAIVN), Hanoi, Viet Nam.
(Diep Tuan T.; Hoai Phong N.; Quoc Dat N.) University of Medicine and
Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
(Tuyet Nhung V.; Nhat Vinh D.) Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam
(HAIVN), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
(Thu Van T.) Ho Chi Minh City Provincial AIDS Committee, Ho Chi Minh City,
Viet Nam.
(Libman H.; Cosimi L.) Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam
(HAIVN), Boston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Pollack, Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam (HAIVN), Hanoi,
Viet Nam.
SOURCE
Annals of Global Health (2015) 81:1 (48-49). Date of Publication:
January-February 2015
CONFERENCE NAME
6th Annual CUGH Conference, Consortium of Universities for Global Health:
Mobilizing Resesarch for Global Health
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boston, MA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2015-03-26 to 2015-03-28
ISSN
2214-9996
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA
ABSTRACT
Program/Project Purpose: The Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and
Pharmacy is reforming its 6-year undergraduate medical curriculum with a
goal of improving training of doctors. Amajor focus of the reform is to
introduce early community-based clinical experiences for students. However,
medical education in Vietnam is primarily hospitalbased and models of
community-based education are lacking. We piloted a community-based medical
student elective utilizing the city's network of outpatient HIV clinics with
the aims of improving the capacity of community-based clinical staff to
mentor students, improving student history and physical examination skills,
and exposing medical students to HIV patients in order to reduce stigma and
to promote HIV medicine as a potential field for graduating doctors.
Structure/Method/Design: The longitudinal clinical experience was designed
as an eight week rotation integrated into the 3rd year internal medicine
clerkship. Community HIV doctors were trained in teaching and mentoring
skills and were mentored by university or project staff. Participating
students spent one morning per week in one of 6 participating HIV clinics in
the city. During each session students took histories and performed physical
examinations, and presented cases to their clinical mentors who also
provided a short didactic session on HIV. We assessed student and mentor
knowledge, satisfaction and confidence. Outcomes & Evaluation: Twenty
students and nine HIV providers participated in the pilot from March - July
2014. Prior to the pilot, less than half of the students reported previous
experience in an outpatient setting and less than half reported previous
contact with a person living with HIV. During the eight half day sessions,
students examined a mean of 3.4 patients (range 1-8 patients) and took a
detailed medical history from at least 5 patients (range 5 to >20). After
the eight weeks, all students demonstrated improved knowledge, 85% agreed or
strongly agreed that the experience increased their confidence in taking a
sexual history, 75% had increased confidence in taking a substance abuse
history, 75% reported increased confidence in the ability to present a
clinical case, and 100% reported they were less afraid of caring for
patients with HIV. Ninety percent reported the rotation was useful for their
education. All nine mentors reported increased confidence in their mentoring
skills and improved job satisfaction. Going Forward: A pilot of early
longitudinal clinical training in community-based HIV clinics improved
student confidence in history and physical examination skills, reduced fear
of HIV patients, improved the mentoring skills of community based clinicians
and served as a model for introducing students to the outpatient management
of chronic disease. The lessons learned from this pilot will inform the
university's planned expansion of community-based clinical training
opportunities.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
health
hospital
Human immunodeficiency virus
medical education
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic disease
city
curriculum
education
fear
human
internal medicine
job satisfaction
medical history
medical student
model
outpatient
patient
pharmacy
physical examination
physician
satisfaction
skill
student
substance abuse
teacher
teaching
Viet Nam
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 86
TITLE
Diversion of opioid maintenance treatment medications and predictors for
diversion among Finnish maintenance treatment patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Launonen E.
Alho H.
Kotovirta E.
Wallace I.
Simojoki K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Launonen E., essiina.launonen@helsinki.fi; Alho H.; Simojoki K.) Clinicum,
University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 63, , Finland.
(Launonen E., essiina.launonen@helsinki.fi) University of Eastern Finland,
School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio,
Finland.
(Alho H.) National Institute of Health and Welfare, Department of Mental and
Substance Abuse Services, P.O. Box 30, Helsinki, Finland.
(Kotovirta E.) Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Department for
Promotion of Welfare and Health, Unit for Harm Prevention, P.O. Box 33, ,
Finland.
(Wallace I.) Department of Applied Health Research, University College
London, Torrington Place, London, United Kingdom.
(Simojoki K.) A-Clinic Foundation, Maistraatinportti 2, Helsinki, Finland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Launonen, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital,
PO Box 63, , Finland.
SOURCE
International Journal of Drug Policy (2015) 26:9 (875-882). Date of
Publication: 1 Sep 2015
ISSN
1873-4758 (electronic)
0955-3959
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier
ABSTRACT
Background: Diversion (i.e. selling or giving away) of opioid maintenance
treatment (OMT) medications is a challenge that concerns many units
providing OMT worldwide and tools for prevention are needed. The object of
this study was to examine the prevalence and predictors for diversion of the
OMT medications buprenorphine-naloxone (BNX) and methadone (MET) among
Finnish OMT patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among
all Finnish OMT patients of whom 60% (. n=. 1508) participated. The data
were collected by anonymous questionnaires distributed through all OMT units
in Finland. To evaluate predictors for diversion, we used binominal
regression analysis with unadjusted and adjusted ORs. Selling and/or giving
away of OMT medication was used as a dependent variable and explanatory
variables were gender, age, duration of OMT, type of OMT medication and
dose, dispensation method of OMT medication, place of residence and
intravenous use of any intoxicating drugs during the past six months.
Results: Of all 1508 respondents, 7% (. n=. 100) had sold and 12% (. n=.
169) had given their OMT medication to others, 57% for money and 23% in
exchange for other drugs. In multivariate analysis, predictors associated
with diversion were BNX as OMT medication (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.76-4.33), low
(<9.0. mg/day) BNX dose (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.01-2.98), intravenous use of
intoxicating drugs during the past six months (OR 4.48, 95% CI 3.13-6.43)
and increasing length of OMT (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.02). Age, place of
residence or unsupervised pharmacy distribution of BNX were not associated
with diversion. Conclusions: In order to reduce diversion, more
interventions are needed to support patients to stop concurrent substance
abuse. Increasing control measures, for example, increased supervision, are
unlikely to prevent diversion. Given that sub-optimal dosing of BNX
increases the risk of diversion, more attention should be paid to providing
patients with an optimal medical dose.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine plus naloxone
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Finn (citizen)
maintenance therapy
opiate substitution treatment
prescription drug diversion
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age distribution
article
cross-sectional study
drug marketing
explanatory variable
female
gender
health survey
human
intravenous drug abuse
major clinical study
male
multivariate logistic regression analysis
predictor variable
priority journal
questionnaire
risk reduction
treatment duration
treatment withdrawal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015001722
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.03.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 87
TITLE
Prevalence and experience of chronic pain in suburban drug injectors
AUTHOR NAMES
Heimer R.
Zhan W.
Grau L.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Heimer R., robert.heimer@yale.edu; Zhan W.; Grau L.E.) Center for
Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and the Dept. of Epidemiology of
Microbial Disease, Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College
Street, New Haven, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Heimer, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS and the Dept. of
Epidemiology of Microbial Disease, Yale University School of Public Health,
60 College Street, New Haven, United States.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 151 (92-100). Date of Publication: 1 Jun
2015
ISSN
1879-0046 (electronic)
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: To explore the relationship between chronic pain and characteristics,
behaviors, and psychological status of suburban Connecticut injection drug
users. Methods: Cross-sectional study with quantitative interview and
serological testing for HIV and hepatitis B and C in 456 individuals who
injected drugs in the past month. Participants were dichotomized into those
reporting current chronic pain of at least six months duration and all
others. The interview covered (i) sociodemographics, (ii) injection drug
use, (iii) interactions with drug treatment, criminal justice, and harm
reduction, (iv) screening for alcohol use, chronic pain, anxiety, and
depression, and (v) knowledge regarding HIV, hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV),
and opioid overdose. Serological testing for HIV, HBV, and HCV was
conducted. Results: One-third (n= 143) reported chronic pain. These
individuals differed significantly from those not reporting chronic pain on
characteristics that included older age, lower educational achievement, and
injection of pharmaceutical opioids. They also reported experiencing more
psychological and family problems on the ASI and higher levels of depression
and anxiety. Four of five individuals with chronic pain (n= 117) reported
non-medical opioid use prior to the onset of chronic pain. Conclusions:
Chronic pain is common among drug injectors in our study population although
it was unusual for chronic pain to have preceded non-medical opioid use.
Psychological problems in injectors with co-occurring chronic pain are
likely pose significant complications to successful treatment for substance
abuse, pain, or infectious disease treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age
alcohol consumption
anxiety
article
controlled study
correlational study
criminal justice
cross-sectional study
demography
depression
disease duration
disease severity
drug overdose
educational status
female
harm reduction
health education
health status
hepatitis B
hepatitis C
HIV serosorting
human
major clinical study
male
marriage
prevalence
priority journal
self report
sex difference
suburban area
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015885883
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 88
TITLE
Effects of actual participation in drug testing on the attitudes of
first-year pharmacy students toward a mandatory drug testing program
AUTHOR NAMES
Cates M.E.
Hogue M.D.
Woolley T.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cates M.E., mecates@samford.edu; Hogue M.D.) McWhorter School of Pharmacy,
Samford University, Birmingham, United States.
(Woolley T.W.) Brock School of Business, Samford University, Birmingham,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Cates, FASHP, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, 800
Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, United States.
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2015) 7:2 (224-230). Date of
Publication: 1 Mar 2015
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., usjcs@elsevier.com
ABSTRACT
Previous research revealed that matriculating first-year pharmacy students
held generally favorable opinions about mandatory drug testing despite
expressing definite concerns regarding practical issues. The objective of
this study was to examine the changes in their attitudes toward drug testing
as the result of actual participation in drug testing. Methods: The study
was an anonymous, voluntary survey that was composed of 30 pretested
Likert-type questions relating to knowledge, concerns, and beliefs about
drug testing. The survey was administered during orientation week
(pre-testing) and then again at the end of the academic year (post-testing).
Results: The survey was completed by 129 (100%) students in the pre-testing
phase and 91 (71%) students in the post-testing phase. Nine items showed
statistically significant changes from pre- to post-testing. Interestingly,
there was greater agreement with various concerns about drug testing,
including cost of testing, being called for testing when busy with other
matters, accidentally missing drug testing, consequences of missing drug
testing, and being in situations in which showing up for drug testing would
be difficult to impossible. Students' responses revealed less agreement that
drug screening had the potential to decrease illegal substance use among
students and that it was important to detect a substance use problem in a
pharmacist. Conclusion: First-year pharmacy students' attitudes toward drug
testing remained generally positive and were relatively unaffected by their
actual participation in drug testing during the academic year; however, some
concerns about drug testing were heightened, and changes in two of the
belief questions were rather disconcerting.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug screening
mandatory program
pharmacy student
student attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug abuse
health survey
human
priority journal
substance use
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015658304
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2014.11.006
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 89
TITLE
Proceedings of the AMCP Partnership Forum: Breaking the Link Between Pain
Management and Opioid Use Disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Botticelli M.P.
Brock I.P.
Brooks P.
Byram D.
Clark K.J.
Curro F.A.
Daw J.
Duggan M.
Erensen J.
Fan J.
Francis W.
Gammitoni A.
Ghods M.P.
Greenberg P.
Jan S.A.
Jeffrey P.L.
Kowalski T.
Lee J.
Mcnally D.L.
Nowak L.E.
Peppin J.F.
Schroeder A.
Schmidt P.
Stoddard J.
Tanzman B.
Thomson H.
Wesolowicz L.
Dragovich C.
Eichelberger B.
Mackowiak J.
Oh S.
Sega T.
Singh P.
Singh R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Botticelli M.P.) Office of National Drug Control Policy, United States.
(Brock I.P.) Affordability, OptumHealth Behavioral Solutions, United States.
(Brooks P.) Humana, United States.
(Byram D.) Orexo, United States.
(Clark K.J.) Medical Affairs, CVS Health, United States.
(Curro F.A.) PEARL Clinical Translational Network, United States.
(Curro F.A.) New York University, United States.
(Daw J.) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States.
(Duggan M.) Wicked Sober, United States.
(Erensen J.) Health Policy, Purdue Pharma, United States.
(Fan J.) SAMHSA Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, United States.
(Francis W.) Pharmacy Management Services, Medlmpact, United States.
(Gammitoni A.) Medical and Scientific Affairs, Zogenix, United States.
(Ghods M.P.) Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, United States.
(Greenberg P.) Peggy Greenberg Consulting and Training, United States.
(Jan S.A.) Rutgers, The State University, United States.
(Jan S.A.) Horizon BCBS of New Jersey, United States.
(Jeffrey P.L.) MassHealth, United States.
(Kowalski T.) Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts, United States.
(Lee J.) SAMHSA Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, United States.
(Mcnally D.L.) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, United States.
(Nowak L.E.) Express Scripts, United States.
(Peppin J.F.) Global Medical Affairs, Mallinckrodt, United States.
(Schroeder A.) University of Colorado Skaggs, School of Pharmacy-Kaiser
Permanente of Colorado, United States.
(Schmidt P.) Depomed, United States.
(Stoddard J.) Medical Professional Services, Alkermes, United States.
(Tanzman B.) Vermont Blueprint for Health, United States.
(Wesolowicz L.) Pharmacy Services Clinical, BCBS of Michigan, United States.
(Oh S., soh@amcp.org) Pharmacy Affairs, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy,
100 N. Pitt St., Ste. 400, Alexandria, United States.
(Thomson H.; Dragovich C.; Eichelberger B.; Mackowiak J.; Sega T.; Singh P.;
Singh R.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Oh, Pharmacy Affairs, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, 100 N. Pitt St.,
Ste. 400, Alexandria, United States. Email: soh@amcp.org
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2015) 21:12 (1116-1122). Date of
Publication: 2015
ISSN
1083-4087
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), tfaggen@amcp.org
ABSTRACT
Prescription drug misuse and abuse, especially with opioid analgesics, is
the fastest growing drug problem in the United States. Addressing this
public health crisis demands the coordinated efforts and actions of all
stakeholders to establish a process of improving patient care and decreasing
misuse and abuse. On September 9, 2014, the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy
(AMCP) convened a meeting of multiple stakeholders to recommend activities
and programs that AMCP can promote to improve pain management, prevent
opioid use disorder (OUD), and improve medicationassisted treatment
outcomes. The speakers and panelists recommended that efforts to improve
pain management outcomes and reduce the potential for OUD should rely on
demonstrated evidence and best practices. It was recommended that AMCP
promote a more holistic and evidence-based approach to pain management and
OUD treatment that actively engages the patient in the decision-making
process and includes care coordination with medical, pharmacy, behavioral,
and mental health aspects of organizations, all of which is seamlessly
supported by a technology infrastructure. To accomplish this, it was
recommended that AMCP work to collaborate with organizations representing
these stakeholders. Additionally, it was recommended that AMCP conduct
continuing pharmacy education programs, develop a best practices toolkit on
pain management, and actively promote quality standards for OUD prevention
and treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine (drug therapy)
cocaine
diamorphine
methadone (drug therapy)
opiate (drug therapy)
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
opiate addiction (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
behavior therapy
chronic pain (drug therapy)
conference paper
continuing education
drug control
drug efficacy
drug surveillance program
education program
evidence based practice
health care organization
health education
human
medical care
medical practice
mental health
patient care
patient counseling
patient decision making
practice guideline
prescription
treatment outcome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20151007977
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 90
TITLE
Improving the health of canadians: Why a certification program for tobacco
educators is necessary
AUTHOR NAMES
Markham A.W.
Connors C.
Vollick S.
Ladd A.
Chapman K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Markham A.W., andreawm@yahoo.com) AWM and Associates, Eldorado, Canada.
(Connors C.; Vollick S.) Canadian Network Respiratory Care, Caledon, Canada.
(Ladd A.) RANA Respiratory Care Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
(Chapman K.) University of Toronto, Division of Respirology, Toronto,
Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.W. Markham, 16983 Highway 62, Madoc, Canada. Email: andreawm@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy (2015) 51:4 (89-91). Date of
Publication: 2015
ISSN
2368-6820 (electronic)
1205-9838
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists, pubs@cma.ca
ABSTRACT
Tobacco use disorder is recognized as a chronic, relapsing condition, listed
in both the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th
Edition (1) and the International Classification of Diseases (2). Tobacco
cessation requires a comprehensive approach that combines motivational
interviewing techniques, pharmacological options and client-centred
education (3,4). Health care professionals currently provide a limited
amount of support to their clients in tobacco cessation, even though support
has been shown to be a significant factor influencing quit rates (5). The
Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists' smoking cessation position
statement states respiratory therapists "advocate and encourage smoking
cessation" (6). However, a joint statement of health care professional
organizations, including the Canadian Society of Respiratory Therapists,
indicates that health care professionals are not confident in providing
tobacco cessation support due to "insufficient education" (7). This gap in
education points to a need for additional training for respiratory
therapists in tobacco cessation to further develop their competencies in
this area. The present commentary argues that a national, competency-based
training and certification program will enable health care professionals to
develop the skills and knowledge to support their clients through tobacco
use disorder. A comprehensive approach to tobacco use prevention and
cessation that is founded on the principles of client education will be
reviewed as an effective means for reducing the burden of disease and
suffering caused by tobacco use. The fight against the use of tobacco is a
personal one for the authors of the present commentary. We have lost family
members, friends and clients to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
cancer and heart disease caused by tobacco. The fight against tobacco has
been ongoing and, while there is a decrease in the prevalence, tobacco
continues to be the leading cause of death in Canada (8).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
certification
health education
health educator
smoking cessation program
tobacco dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Canadian
chronic obstructive lung disease
counseling
health care personnel
health promotion
heart disease
human
International Classification of Diseases
motivational interviewing
neoplasm
practice guideline
respiratory therapist
smoking cessation
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20151005926
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 91
TITLE
The Effect of Financial and Educational Incentives on Rational Prescribing.
A State-Space Approach
AUTHOR NAMES
Pechlivanoglou P.
Wieringa J.E.
De Jager T.
Postma M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pechlivanoglou P., petros.pechlivanoglou@theta.utoronto.ca; De Jager T.;
Postma M.J.) Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology and PharmacoEconomics, Department
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
(Pechlivanoglou P., petros.pechlivanoglou@theta.utoronto.ca) Toronto Health
Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative, Department of Pharmacy,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
(Wieringa J.E.) Department of Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Business,
University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Pechlivanoglou, Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment
Collaborative, Department of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto,
Canada.
SOURCE
Health Economics (United Kingdom) (2015) 24:4 (439-453). Date of
Publication: 1 Apr 2015
ISSN
1099-1050 (electronic)
1057-9230
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
In 2005, a Dutch health insurer introduced a financial incentive directed to
general practitioners to promote rational prescribing of statins and proton
pump inhibitors (PPIs). Concomitantly, a regional institution that develops
pharmacotherapeutic guidelines implemented two educational interventions
also aiming at promoting rational statin and PPI prescribing. Utilizing a
prescription database, we estimated the effect of the interventions on drug
utilization and cost of statins and PPIs over time. We measured the effect
of the interventions within an implementation and a control region. The
implementation region included prescriptions from the province of Groningen
where the educational intervention was implemented and where the health
insurer is most active. The control region comprised all other provinces
covered by the database. We modelled the effect of the intervention using a
state-space approach. Significant differences in prescribing and cost
patterns between regions were observed for statins and PPIs. These
differences however were mostly related to the concurrent interventions of
Proeftuin Farmacie Groningen. We found no evidence indicating a significant
effect of the rational prescribing intervention on the prescription patterns
of statins and PPIs. Our estimates on the economic impact of the Proeftuin
Farmacie Groningen interventions indicate that educational activities as
such can achieve significant cost savings.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
age
article
female
human
male
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
priority journal
regression analysis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014777817
MEDLINE PMID
24519732 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24519732)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.3030
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 92
TITLE
High dead-space syringe use among people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico
AUTHOR NAMES
Rafful C.
Zule W.
Gonzalez-Z͡niga P.E.
Medina-Mora M.E.
Magis-Rodriguez C.
Strathdee S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rafful C.; Gonzalez-Z͡niga P.E.; Strathdee S.) Global Health, University of
California San Diego, San Diego, United States.
(Rafful C.) San Diego State University, San Diego, United States.
(Zule W.) RTI International, Research Triangle Park, United States.
(Medina-Mora M.E.) Mexican National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City,
Mexico.
(Magis-Rodriguez C.) CENSIDA, Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Rafful, Global Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego,
United States.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e75). Date of Publication: 1 Jan
2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Juan, Puerto Rico
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: High dead-space syringes (HDSS) are believed to confer an elevated
risk of acquiring HIV and other blood-borne infections. We identified
prevalence and correlates of high dead-space syringe use among people who
inject drugs (PWID) in Tijuana. Methods: Beginning in 2011,PWID who reported
being 18 years or older who injected drugs within the last month were
recruited. At baseline and semi-annually, PWID underwent HIV testing and
interviewer-administered surveys. Logistic regression was used to identify
correlates of using HDSS. Results: Of 557 PWID, 40% had used HDSS. Most
(72%) had done so because no other syringe type was available or because
they were easier to get (20%). Controlling for sex and age at first
injection (AOR: 0.97 per year; 95%CI: 0.94-1.00), use of HDSS was associated
with cocaine as first drug injected (AOR: 2.68; 95%CI: 1.15-6.22), having
been stopped or arrested by police (AOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.11-3.07), being
deported from the US (AOR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.06-2.53), and believing it is
illegal to carry syringes (AOR = 1.78; 95%CI: 1.01-3.15). Conclusions: Use
of HDSS by PWID is surprisingly common in Tijuana, which could increase
transmission of HIV and viral hepatitis. Efforts are needed to expand
coverage of low-dead space syringes at syringe exchange programs and
pharmacies. Education is required to increase awareness of the harms
associated with HDSS, and to reassure PWID that syringe possession is legal
across Mexico.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cocaine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug dependence
human
Mexico
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood
education
HIV test
Human immunodeficiency virus
infection
injection
logistic regression analysis
pharmacy
police
prevalence
risk
virus hepatitis
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.573
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 93
TITLE
Comprehensive review of medicinal marijuana, cannabinoids, and therapeutic
implications in medicine and headache: What a long strange trip it's been
...
AUTHOR NAMES
Baron E.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baron E.P., barone2@ccf.org) Department of Neurology, Headache Center,
Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.P. Baron, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Department of
Neurology, Center for Headache and Pain, 10524 Euclid Avenue, C15-23,
Cleveland, United States.
SOURCE
Headache (2015) 55:6 (885-916). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2015
ISSN
1526-4610 (electronic)
0017-8748
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., subscrip@blackwellpub.com
ABSTRACT
Background The use of cannabis, or marijuana, for medicinal purposes is
deeply rooted though history, dating back to ancient times. It once held a
prominent position in the history of medicine, recommended by many eminent
physicians for numerous diseases, particularly headache and migraine.
Through the decades, this plant has taken a fascinating journey from a legal
and frequently prescribed status to illegal, driven by political and social
factors rather than by science. However, with an abundance of growing
support for its multitude of medicinal uses, the misguided stigma of
cannabis is fading, and there has been a dramatic push for legalizing
medicinal cannabis and research. Almost half of the United States has now
legalized medicinal cannabis, several states have legalized recreational
use, and others have legalized cannabidiol-only use, which is one of many
therapeutic cannabinoids extracted from cannabis. Physicians need to be
educated on the history, pharmacology, clinical indications, and proper
clinical use of cannabis, as patients will inevitably inquire about it for
many diseases, including chronic pain and headache disorders for which there
is some intriguing supportive evidence. Objective To review the history of
medicinal cannabis use, discuss the pharmacology and physiology of the
endocannabinoid system and cannabis-derived cannabinoids, perform a
comprehensive literature review of the clinical uses of medicinal cannabis
and cannabinoids with a focus on migraine and other headache disorders, and
outline general clinical practice guidelines. Conclusion The literature
suggests that the medicinal use of cannabis may have a therapeutic role for
a multitude of diseases, particularly chronic pain disorders including
headache. Supporting literature suggests a role for medicinal cannabis and
cannabinoids in several types of headache disorders including migraine and
cluster headache, although it is primarily limited to case based, anecdotal,
or laboratory-based scientific research. Cannabis contains an extensive
number of pharmacological and biochemical compounds, of which only a
minority are understood, so many potential therapeutic uses likely remain
undiscovered. Cannabinoids appear to modulate and interact at many pathways
inherent to migraine, triptan mechanisms ofaction, and opiate pathways,
suggesting potential synergistic or similar benefits. Modulation of the
endocannabinoid system through agonism or antagonism of its receptors,
targeting its metabolic pathways, or combining cannabinoids with other
analgesics for synergistic effects, may provide the foundation for many new
classes of medications. Despite the limited evidence and research suggesting
a role for cannabis and cannabinoids in some headache disorders, randomized
clinical trials are lacking and necessary for confirmation and further
evaluation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cannabinoid derivative (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
medical cannabis (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
endocannabinoid (drug therapy)
phytocannabinoid (drug therapy)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
headache (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (side effect)
cannabis use
cardiovascular symptom (side effect)
central nervous system disease (side effect)
cluster headache (drug therapy)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
genital system disease (side effect)
human
immunopathology (side effect)
migraine (drug therapy)
practice guideline
priority journal
respiratory tract disease (side effect)
review
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015089360
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/head.12570
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 94
TITLE
Implementation of drug and HIV risk counseling in MMT programs in Taiwan
AUTHOR NAMES
Lee T.S.-H.
Chawarski M.C.
Peng C.
Hung C.
Metzger D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lee T.S.-H.; Peng C.) National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
(Chawarski M.C.) Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United
States.
(Hung C.) Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
(Metzger D.) University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.S.-H. Lee, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 146 (e173). Date of Publication: 1 Jan
2015
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Juan, Puerto Rico
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-14 to 2014-06-19
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Aims: Few methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) programs in Taiwan offer
drug counseling and data on program implementation have rarely been
reported. This study aims to examine the feasibility of Behavioral Drug and
Risk Counseling (BDRC) as a component of MMTP and documents its
implementation in Taiwan. Methods: 90 MMT patients were randomly assigned to
treatment as usual (n = 45, MMT only) or MMT+ BDRC (n = 45). Patients in the
BDRC group receive weekly counseling in the first month, bi-weekly in months
2 and 3, and monthly in months 4 to 7 after enrollment. BDRC sessions offer
education on biological and pharmacological mechanisms of heroin and
methadone, skills to reduce/avoid HIV risk behaviors, maintaining or
improving medication adherence, and establishing non-drug related activities
supporting recovery. BDRC utilizes health education, setting small and
achievable goals, positive feedback, and developing plans and skills to
improve treatment participation and prolonged drug recovery. BDRC counselors
(n = 4) received a 5-day training workshop at the program onset. Clinical
supervision, including case discussions, is conducted monthly and lead by an
experienced psychotherapist. Counselors maintain content checklists and
notes from each session. Results: Content analysis of the checklists and
counseling notes showed that counselors were able to deliver the BDRC but
fidelity of counseling intervention varies between sites and counselors.
Factors influencing intervention fidelity include: counselor's professional
background and past training, and site/organizational characteristics (e.g.,
availability of separate and confidential counseling space, coordination
between case managers and counselors) and frequency of clinical supervision.
Conclusions: Our preliminary findings support the potential of integrating
behavioral counseling into regular MMT as a component of a comprehensive
treatment in Taiwan.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diamorphine
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
counseling
drug dependence
Human immunodeficiency virus
risk
Taiwan
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case manager
checklist
clinical supervision
content analysis
education
health education
human
maintenance therapy
medication compliance
methadone treatment
patient
patient counseling
positive feedback
psychotherapist
skill
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.387
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 95
TITLE
A framework and review of online documentation of patient encounters during
Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences
AUTHOR NAMES
Vos S.S.
Rolfes K.A.
Swenson K.A.
Currie J.D.
Johnson S.J.
Seyfer J.L.
Umlah L.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vos S.S., Susan-vos@uiowa.edu; Currie J.D.; Johnson S.J.; Seyfer J.L.;
Umlah L.B.) Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, The University of
Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, United States.
(Rolfes K.A.) The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City,
United States.
(Swenson K.A.) Walmart Pharmacy, Rochester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.S. Vos, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa
College of Pharmacy, 115 S. Grand Avenue, S413 PHAR, Iowa City, United
States.
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2015) 7:5 (691-699). Date of
Publication: 1 Sep 2015
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., usjcs@elsevier.com
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish a mechanism for student documentation of patient
encounters including problems identified and interventions performed; to
assess the breadth of student exposure during Advanced Pharmacy Practice
Experiences (APPEs); to identify the most commonly reported problems and
interventions as reported by students. Design: Students document selected
patient care encounters via an online case documentation system using 12
different pharmacotherapy categories and include information such as patient
demographics, drug therapy problems identified, medications involved, and
type of intervention. Data were analyzed from the classes of 2012 and 2013
during their APPE year. Assessment: During the two year period, over 21,000
individual patient encounters and over 40,000 pharmacotherapy category
entries were documented. Cardiology and Infectious Disease (ID) were the
most prevalent pharmacotherapy categories documented, while Dermatology,
Urology/Nephrology, Respiratory, and Other were the least commonly
documented. The most common interventions were Medication Therapy Management
(MTM), education to patients, and provider contact. The most common problems
identified were "needs additional therapy" and "incorrect dose.".
Conclusion: The online documentation system was shown to be an effective
tool for documenting breadth of student exposure to patients, drug therapy
problems, and interventions during the APPE curriculum. Students were able
to document a variety of patient encounters, problems, and interventions.
Documentation of students' encounters across all APPE curricula is one way
to demonstrate diversity and variety in patient care experiences. This
article provides a framework for other colleges of pharmacy to document
student interventions and level of engagement with the outside community
during practice-based experiences.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience
experiential learning
medical documentation
medical practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
demography
human
medication therapy management
online analysis
patient assessment
patient care
patient education
pharmacy student
priority journal
problem identification
problem solving
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015227110
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2015.06.008
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 96
TITLE
A student pharmacist-led medication reconciliation service and its impact on
the identification of drug-related problems in an ambulatory clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Stewart A.L.
Snodgrass J.
Schontz M.
Parekh M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stewart A.L., stewar14@duq.edu) 209 Bayer Learning Center, Duquesne
University, Mylan School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, United
States.
(Snodgrass J.) VA Butler Healthcare, Butler, United States.
(Schontz M.) Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, United States.
(Parekh M.) Duquesne University, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.L. Stewart, 209 Bayer Learning Center, Duquesne University, Mylan School
of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, United States.
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2015) 7:5 (575-583). Date of
Publication: 1 Sep 2015
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., usjcs@elsevier.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Describe a model of care in which student pharmacists are
engaged in medication reconciliation services and document the impact of
this model on the identification of drug therapy-related problems. Material
and methods: Student pharmacists in the PY4 year completing a required
Advanced Ambulatory Care Pharmacy Practice Experience at a free clinic for
indigent, uninsured adults conducted medication reconciliation services
immediately prior to the patients[U+05F3] scheduled medical appointment with
their physician. Following each encounter, students updated the medication
list in the electronic medical record, clarified discrepancies, and
identified the presence of drug therapy problems with the patient[U+05F3]s
physician. The main outcome measures included the presence of drug
therapy-related problems, clinical interventions recommended to the
provider, and recommendation acceptance rates. Recommendations were further
categorized by disease state. Results: Students documented 673 clinical
interventions. The most common type of problem identified was an untreated
indication. Providers accepted 89% of the student pharmacists[U+05F3]
recommendations. Interventions related to immunizations, hypertension, and
diabetes were the most frequent. Discussion: Student pharmacists can
participate in medication reconciliation services in primary care settings
at a level that contributes to the identification and resolution of
drug-related problems. The utilization of students in this role is an
effective strategy for the implementation of medication reconciliation
services when resources are limited.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
ambulatory care
medication therapy management
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
diabetes mellitus
electronic medical record
human
hypertension
immunization
patient care
pharmacy
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015236162
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2015.06.020
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 97
TITLE
Pattern of drug therapy problems and interventions in ambulatory patients
receiving antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Patrón de problemas relacionados con medicamentos e intervenciones en
pacientes ambulatorios que reciben tratamiento antirretroviral en Nigeria
AUTHOR NAMES
Ojeh V.B.
Naima N.
Abah I.O.
Falang K.D.
Lucy O.
London I.
Dady C.
Agaba P.
Agbaji O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ojeh V.B., bazimojeh@gmail.com; Naima N., sarauniyanaima@gmail.com; Abah
I.O., isaacabah@gmail.com; Lucy O., lucyamah4real@yahoo.com; London I.,
Ibrahim_london@yahoo.com; Dady C., weedady@gmail.com) APIN Centre/Pharmacy
Department, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
(Falang K.D., falangkakjing@gmail.com) Department of Pharmacology,
University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
(Agaba P., ellagaba@yahoo.com) Department of Family Medicine, University of
Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
(Agbaji O., oagbaji@yahoo.com) Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal
Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Practice (2015) 13:2 (1-6). Date of Publication: 2015
ISSN
1886-3655 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica, catedra@farmacare.com
ABSTRACT
Objectives: We describe the frequency and types of drug therapy problems
(DTPs), and interventions carried out to resolve them, among a cohort of
HIV- infected patients on ART in Jos, Nigeria. Methods: A prospective
pharmacists’ intervention study was conducted between January and August
2012 at the outpatient HIV clinic of the Jos University Teaching Hospital
(JUTH). Pharmacists identified DTPs and made recommendations to resolve
them. The main outcome measures were number of DTPs encountered,
interventions proposed and acceptance rate of recommendations. Results: A
total of 42,416 prescriptions were dispensed to 9339 patients during the
eight months study. A total of 420 interventions (Intervention rate of 1 per
100 prescriptions) were made to resolve DTPs in 401 (4.3%) patients with a
mean age of 41 (SD=10) years, and made up of 73% females. DTPs encountered
were drug omission (n=89, 21.2%), unnecessary drug (n=55, 13.1%) and wrong
drug indication (n=55, 13.1%). Recommendations offered included; Addition of
another drug to the therapy (n=87, 20.7%), rectification of incomplete
prescriptions (n=85, 20.2%), change of drug or dosage (n=67, 16.0%), and
discontinuation of the offending drug (n=59, 14.0%). A total of 389 (93%)
out of 420 of the recommendations were accepted. In all, 50.4% (212) of the
problematic prescriptions were changed and dispensed, 22.2% (89) were
clarified and dispensed, while wrong identities were corrected in 11.7%
(49). However, 7.5% (30) prescriptions were dispensed as prescribed, 5.2%
(21) were not dispensed, and 3% (12) were unresolved. Conclusion: Our
findings suggest that pharmacistsinitiated interventions can ameliorate DTPs
in patients receiving ART given the high intervention acceptance rate
recorded. The implication of this finding is that pharmacists with requisite
training in HIV pharmacotherapy are an excellent resource in detecting and
minimizing the effect of antiretroviral drug-related errors.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ambulatory care
drug therapy problems
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy, drug therapy)
treatment outcome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
descriptive research
drug choice
drug contraindication
drug dose
drug hypersensitivity
drug indication
drug monitoring
drug use
drug utilization
female
human
major clinical study
male
medication error
Nigeria
prescription
prospective study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015148687
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 98
TITLE
Health literacy among pharmacy visitors in the Netherlands
AUTHOR NAMES
Koster E.S.
Philbert D.
Bouvy M.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Koster E.S., e.koster@uu.nl; Philbert D.; Bouvy M.L.) Utrecht Pharmacy
Practice network for Education and Research (UPPER), Division of
Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, Utrecht,
Netherlands.
(Bouvy M.L.) SIR Institute for Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Leiden,
Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.S. Koster, UPPER, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical
Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, Utrecht
TB, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2015) 24:7 (716-721). Date of
Publication: 1 Jul 2015
ISSN
1099-1557 (electronic)
1053-8569
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Health literacy is defined as the ability to obtain, understand and
apply information to make appropriate health decisions. Most health literacy
research has been performed in the USA. Our objective was to study the
prevalence of limited health literacy among adult pharmacy visitors in the
Netherlands and to assess the association between health literacy and
understanding of drug label information. Methods: A cross-sectional study
was performed in community pharmacies belonging to the Utrecht Pharmacy
Practice network for Education and Research. Adult pharmacy visitors (aged
≥18years) were approached in the pharmacy waiting area and invited for a
brief interview including the newest vital sign, a validated health literacy
assessment measure and questions about understanding of standard drug label
instructions. Results: A total of 984 pharmacy visitors were included in the
study: 63% were women, mean age was 56years and the majority was of native
origin (84%). Based on newest vital sign scores, 52% had limited health
literacy skills. Pharmacy visitors with limited health literacy skills had
significantly lower understanding of drug label instructions (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Approximately half of the pharmacy visitors in this study had
limited health literacy skills. These individuals experienced more
difficulties understanding drug label instructions. These findings emphasize
the need to identify patients with limited health literacy skills, as these
patients might be at increased risk for drug-related problems caused by
misunderstanding of information.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
drug information
health literacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
controlled study
cross-sectional study
Dutchman
female
human
interview
major clinical study
male
middle aged
Netherlands
patient satisfaction
pharmacoepidemiology
pharmacy
prevalence
priority journal
vital sign
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015169029
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3803
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 99
TITLE
Development of an Aggregated System for Classifying Causes of Drug-Related
Problems
AUTHOR NAMES
Basger B.J.
Moles R.J.
Chen T.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Basger B.J., ben.basger@sydney.edu.au; Moles R.J.; Chen T.F.) The
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.J. Basger, The University of Sydney, A15 Science Rd, Sydney, Australia.
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2015) 49:4 (405-418). Date of Publication: 16 Apr
2015
ISSN
1542-6270 (electronic)
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., claims@sagepub.com
ABSTRACT
Background: More than 20 different types of classification systems for
drug-related problems (DRPs) and their causes have been developed.
Classification is necessary to describe and assess clinical, organizational,
and economic impacts of DRPs through documentation of collected data.
However, many researchers have judged classification systems incomplete when
describing their data, and have modified them or developed their own. This
variability between systems has made study comparisons difficult.
Objectives: To perform a category-by-category comparison of the content of
selected DRP classification systems to construct an aggregated cause-of-DRP
classification system containing the content of all systems. Method: DRP
classification systems were identified after a literature review, with 7
chosen based on their use in varied health care settings, geographical
diversity, frequency of use, and method of development. These systems were
critically analyzed, and the content of each category was compared and
aggregated where appropriate. A hierarchy of categories was constructed to
include all content from all systems. Any modifications that previous
studies may have made to the 7 systems were also cross-referenced to ensure
that no concepts were missing from the newly aggregated system. Clinical
examples to optimize application, and instructions for when or when not to
use categories, were developed. Interrater agreement for classification of
the causes of DRPs from 10 medication reviews was performed between 3
clinical pharmacists and the authors’ gold standard. Results: We found
variation in developmental methods, category descriptions, number and types
of categories, and validation methods between the 7 selected systems,
together with intermingling of categories identified as causes of DRPs with
DRPs themselves. A hierarchical classification system was constructed
consisting of 9 cause-of-DRP categories, 33 subcategories, and 58
sub-subcategories, for which interrater agreements were 82.5%, 74.6%, and
58.8%, respectively. Conclusion: An aggregated classification system was
constructed through a unique and transparent developmental process that may
provide the most comprehensive description of causes of DRPs to date. This
may facilitate teaching of pharmaceutical care, comparisons of clinical
practice, and measurement of the effectiveness of pharmaceutical care
interventions.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
disease classification
drug induced disease
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
article
clinical practice
drug monitoring
drug treatment failure
geographic distribution
gold standard
human
interrater reliability
medication error
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015835347
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028014568008
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 100
TITLE
Pharmacovigilance study: Exploring the role of community pharmacists in
adverse drug reactions reporting in Alkharj city, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR NAMES
Rabba A.K.
Ain M.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rabba A.K., a.rabba@sau.edu.sa; Ain M.R.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi
Arabia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.K. Rabba, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
SOURCE
Latin American Journal of Pharmacy (2015) 34:5 (901-906). Date of
Publication: 2015
ISSN
0326-2383
BOOK PUBLISHER
Colegio de Farmaceuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
ABSTRACT
Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection,
assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other
drug related problems. Spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is
the foundation stone of pharmacovigilance activity. A cross sectional survey
was carried out from September 2013 to January 2014 to evaluate the role of
community pharmacists in ADRs reporting, by using a pre-assessed
questionnaire with structured face-to-face interviews with community
pharmacists from randomly selected private community pharmacies in Alkharj,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 53 community pharmacists participated in
the study, Results of this study reflected lack of adequate knowledge
regarding ADRs reporting among community pharmacists. Regulatory authorities
and professional pharmaceutical organizations in Saudi Arabia need to raise
concern and educate pharmacists on the system of pharmacovigilance.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease
drug surveillance program
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cross-sectional study
drug safety
human
interview
knowledge
middle aged
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist attitude
pharmacy
prescription
questionnaire
Saudi Arabia
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015065332
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 101
TITLE
Text mining for pharmacovigilance: Using machine learning for drug name
recognition and drug-drug interaction extraction and classification
AUTHOR NAMES
Ben Abacha A.
Chowdhury M.F.M.
Karanasiou A.
Mrabet Y.
Lavelli A.
Zweigenbaum P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ben Abacha A., asma.benabacha@list.lu; Karanasiou A.,
aikaterini.karanasiou@list.lu; Mrabet Y., yassine.mrabet@list.lu) Luxembourg
Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg.
(Chowdhury M.F.M., mchowdh@us.ibm.com) IBM Research, United States.
(Lavelli A., lavelli@fbk.eu) HLT Research Unit, FBK, Trento, Italy.
(Zweigenbaum P., pz@limsi.fr) LIMSI-CNRS, Orsay, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Ben Abacha, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg.
Email: asma.benabacha@list.lu
SOURCE
Journal of Biomedical Informatics (2015) 58 (122-132). Date of Publication:
2015
ISSN
1532-0464
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Press Inc., apjcs@harcourt.com
ABSTRACT
Pharmacovigilance (PV) is defined by the World Health Organization as the
science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding
and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem. An
essential aspect in PV is to acquire knowledge about Drug-Drug Interactions
(DDIs). The shared tasks on DDI-Extraction organized in 2011 and 2013 have
pointed out the importance of this issue and provided benchmarks for: Drug
Name Recognition, DDI extraction and DDI classification. In this paper, we
present our text mining systems for these tasks and evaluate their results
on the DDI-Extraction benchmarks. Our systems rely on machine learning
techniques using both feature-based and kernel-based methods. The obtained
results for drug name recognition are encouraging. For DDI-Extraction, our
hybrid system combining a feature-based method and a kernel-based method was
ranked second in the DDI-Extraction-2011 challenge, and our two-step system
for DDI detection and classification was ranked first in the
DDI-Extraction-2013 task at SemEval. We discuss our methods and results and
give pointers to future work.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
extraction
machine learning
mining
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
kernel method
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
20151016217
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2015.09.015
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 102
TITLE
The importance of stress, self-efficacy, and self-medication for
pharmacological neuroenhancement among employees and students
AUTHOR NAMES
Maier L.J.
Haug S.
Schaub M.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Maier L.J., larissa.maier@isgf.uzh.ch; Haug S.; Schaub M.P.) Swiss Research
Institute for Public Health and Addiction (ISGF), Associated Institute at
the University of Zurich and WHO Collaborating Centre, Zurich, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.J. Maier, Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction (ISGF),
Associated Institute at the University of Zurich, Konradstrasse 32,
Postfach, Zurich, Switzerland.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2015) 156 (221-227) Article Number: 5747. Date
of Publication: 1 Nov 2015
ISSN
1879-0046 (electronic)
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study examined the relationship between stress,
self-efficacy, self-medication, and pharmacological neuroenhancement (PNE)
in the Swiss general population. Methods: Using the largest Swiss Internet
panel, a sample of 10,171 employees and students (unweighted N=. 10,084)
aged 15-74 years was recruited and asked to complete a self-administered
online survey. The data were weighted for age, sex, and language region to
provide results that were representative of the Swiss population.
Multinomial logistic regression models were conducted to identify predictors
of pharmacological cognitive enhancement (PCE) and pharmacological mood
enhancement (PME) over the past year. Two self-medication models and an
overall model were determined. Results: Current medical treatment for a
mental disorder was the best predictor of both PCE and PME use as serious
self-medication. The overall model revealed that cannabis use, frequent
stress, and long-term stress were predictors of both PCE and PME, whereas
negative stressors and time pressure at work did not remain in the final
model. Furthermore, past-year PCE with and without PME was associated with
being male, being a student, and using illegal drugs other than cannabis,
whereas being female and having low self-efficacy predicted past-year PME
only. Conclusions: Consideration of the predictor variables identified in
this study may help to identify the potential PCE and PME users for whom
measures to prevent drug abuse and manage stress are most appropriate. More
specifically, the use of PCE and PME as self-medication to enhance
performance at work or while studying needs further consideration in the
neuroenhancement debate.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
mental stress
pharmacological neuroenhancement
pharmacological parameters
self concept
self medication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
age distribution
aged
article
cannabis use
controlled study
coping behavior
female
human
male
mental health
pharmacological mood enhancement
prediction
priority journal
psychological well being
stress management
Swiss
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015499261
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.09.012
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 103
TITLE
Assessment of drug utilization pattern of psychotropic agents in the out
patient department of psychiatry at mahatma Gandhi Medical College and
Hospital, Jaipur
AUTHOR NAMES
Angelika B.
Jain P.
Upadhyaya P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Angelika B.; Jain P.; Upadhyaya P.) Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma
Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Angelika, Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and
Hospital, Jaipur, India.
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Pharmacology (2014) 46:7 SUPPL. 1 (S97-S98). Date of
Publication: December 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
47th Annual Conference of the Indian Pharmacological Society, IPSCON 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Guwahati, India
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-12-28 to 2014-12-30
ISSN
0253-7613
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medknow Publications
ABSTRACT
Introduction- The rational use of drugs aims at promoting rational
prescribing through a multi-prolonged strategy, which includes intervention
to correct drug use problems, adoption of essential drug list, determining
and restricting irrational prescribing. This study was done with the aim to
study the rationality of prescriptions of psychotropic agents, and to
determine whether the drug prescribing was in accordance with WHO guidelines
for rational prescribing. Material and Methods: The study was approved by
the Institutional Ethics Committee. Prescriptions were collected from
Psychiatry Outpatient department from 1st Mar 2014 to 31st July 2014 at
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur. Patient's demographic
data, diagnosis, treatment details, no. of drugs per prescription, drugs
prescribed in generic name, drugs prescribed from the Essential Medical List
were analyzed. Results: A total of 200 prescriptions were analyzed according
to WHO prescribing indicators. Average no. of drugs per prescriptions was
2.3. Most commonly prescribed drugs were Escitalopram and Olanzapine. 51%
prescriptions had drugs from EML.2% drugs were prescribed in generic name.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the prescriptions were irrational and
not in accordance with the WHO indicators. More strategic interventions like
improvement in undergraduate clinical pharmacology teaching, good
prescribing skills development and regular workshops and CMEs of Interns and
post graduate students should be taken to improve rational use of drugs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychotropic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
escitalopram
essential drug
olanzapine
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug utilization
hospital
human
Indian
medical school
outpatient
psychiatry
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
astronomy
clinical pharmacology
diagnosis
drug use
graduate student
institutional ethics
outpatient department
patient
prescription
professional standard
skill
teaching
workshop
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 104
TITLE
Development and implementation of a multidisciplinary inpatient glucose
management pilot program: Role of the pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Lim P.S.
Subur G.
Tan K.Y.
Yee M.L.
Goh S.-Y.
Teh M.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lim P.S.; Subur G.; Tan K.Y.; Yee M.L.) Pharmacy, Singapore General
Hospital, Outram, Singapore.
(Goh S.-Y.; Teh M.M.) Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram,
Singapore.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.S. Lim, Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Outram, Singapore.
SOURCE
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (2014) 106 SUPPL. 1 (S97). Date of
Publication: November 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
10th International Diabetes Federation-Western Pacific Region Congress and
the 6th AASD Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Singapore, Singapore
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-11-21 to 2014-11-24
ISSN
0168-8227
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) population has been consistently growing,
affecting 11.3% of the Singapore adult population in 2010. An estimated
30-40% of all hospitalized patients have DM. However, there is currently
considerable variability in glucose management at Inpatient setting.
Improvement in glycemic control during hospitalisation has resulted in
improved clinical outcomes and reduced healthcare cost. Globally, the
evolving multidisciplinary approach to optimize diabetes care has been a
successful model. As such, a team comprising of endocrinologists,
pharmacists and diabetes educators has established the Inpatient Glucose
Management (IGM) program in Singapore General Hospital (SGH). The aims of
this programare to reduce variability in the glucose management of inpatient
DM care and optimise glycemic management for the non-critically ill
patients. Method: Objectives: To describe role of pharmacists in the IGM
program. Description of the Service: A standardized and systematic approach
is recommended for consistency of care. In total, there are four IGM
pharmacists involved in the planning and provision of DM care to patients.
The role of IGM pharmacists will be to assist in the standardization of DM
therapy by developing recurrent hyperglycemia, hypoglycaemia and nil by
mouth guidelines in conjunction with endocrinology department. During daily
round, the IGM team proactively identifies patients with consistent
suboptimal CBG control (<4 mmol/L and >10 mmol/L) via triggers from the
medical electronic system. The IGM pharmacists assist in identifying drug
related problems, providing evidence-based recommendations, drug information
and optimization of pharmacotherapy. DM patients are counselled on
medications, ensuring efficacy and adherence of therapy. In addition, the
IGM pharmacists provide DM management education and training to ward
pharmacists, ensuring consistency of care. Result: Descriptive study. No
results. Conclusion: Pharmacists are an integral member of the
multidisciplinary team of the SGH IGM program, driving towards improving the
effectiveness of glucose management at Inpatient setting.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
glucose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diabetes mellitus
hospital patient
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
critically ill patient
diabetes educator
drug information
drug therapy
education
endocrinologist
endocrinology
evidence based practice
general hospital
glycemic control
health care cost
hyperglycemia
hypoglycemia
model
patient
planning
population
Singapore
standardization
therapy
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 105
TITLE
Robust resilience and substantial interest: A survey of pharmacological
cognitive enhancement among university students in the UK and Ireland
AUTHOR NAMES
Singh I.
Bard I.
Jackson J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Singh I., ilina.singh@kcl.ac.uk) Department of Social Science, Health and
Medicine, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom.
(Bard I.; Jackson J.) Department of Methodology, London School of Economics
and Political Science, London, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. Singh, Department of Social Science, Health and Medicine, Kings College
London, London, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
PLoS ONE (2014) 9:10 Article Number: e105969. Date of Publication: 30 Oct
2014
ISSN
1932-6203 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Public Library of Science, plos@plos.org
ABSTRACT
Use of 'smart drugs' among UK students is described in frequent media
reports as a rapidly increasing phenomenon. This article reports findings
from the first large-scale survey of pharmacological cognitive enhancement
(PCE) among students in the UK and Ireland. Conducted from February to
September 2012, a survey of a convenience sample of 877 students measured
PCE prevalence, attitudes, sources, purposes and ethics. Descriptive and
logistic regression statistical methods were used to analyse the data.
Lifetime prevalence of PCE using modafinil, methylphenidate or Adderall was
under 10%, while past regular and current PCE users of these substances made
up between 0.3%-4% of the survey population. A substantial majority of
students was unaware of and/or uninterested in PCE; however about one third
of students were interested in PCE. PCE users were more likely to be male,
British and older students; predictors of PCE use included awareness of
other students using PCEs, ADHD symptomatology, ethical concerns, and
alcohol and cannabis use. The survey addresses the need for better evidence
about PCE prevalence and practices among university students in the UK. We
recommend PCE-related strategies for universities based on the survey
findings. Copyright:
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine
4' methylmethcathinone
alcohol
amphetamine plus dexamphetamine
analgesic agent
atomoxetine
caffeine
cannabis
cocaine
diamorphine
donepezil
ephedrine
ketamine
lysergide
methamphetamine
methylphenidate
modafinil
piracetam
tranquilizer
vitamin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
pharmacological cognitive enhancement
university student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
age
alcohol consumption
attention deficit disorder
attitude
British citizen
cannabis use
controlled study
energy drink
ethics
female
human
Ireland
male
prediction
prevalence
review
tobacco
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
alcohol (64-17-5)
atomoxetine (82248-59-7, 82857-39-4, 82857-40-7, 83015-26-3)
caffeine (58-08-2)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
donepezil (120011-70-3, 120014-06-4, 142057-77-0)
ephedrine (299-42-3, 50-98-6)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
lysergide (50-37-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
modafinil (68693-11-8)
piracetam (7491-74-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014891095
MEDLINE PMID
25356917 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356917)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105969
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 106
TITLE
Evaluation of student pharmacists' participation in an interactive event to
educate teens about substance abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Chan H.V.
Pervanas H.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chan H.V.) MCPHS University, Manchester, United States.
(Pervanas H.C.) Pharmacy Practice Department, MCPHS University, Manchester,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.V. Chan, MCPHS University, Manchester, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e269). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Substance abuse is one of many challenges among teenagers. Student
pharmacists can play an active role to increase awareness of substance
abuse. An interactive event presented by student pharmacists at the Boys and
Girls Club was done to raise awareness of prescription drug and alcohol
abuse among teenagers. METHODS: Student pharmacists enrolled in the
accelerated Doctor of Pharmacy program at MCPHS University implemented an
interactive event that involved the creation of a video recorded skit
depicting a substance abuse scenario, a breakout discussion session, and the
use of interactive learning materials. Following the event an anonymous,
online 9 questions survey was sent to students electronically. The survey
was used to assess the perceptions of student pharmacists with regards to
effectiveness of the event and materials used, the engagement of teens and
appropriate training prior to the event. This project was approved by the
MCPHS University Institutional Review Board. RESULTS: A total of 24 student
pharmacists participated in the event and 54% completed the online survey.
The majority of the students were female (69%) and were in their first year
of the pharmacy program (54%). When asked whether this activity raised
awareness of substance abuse among teens, 62% responded agreed or strongly
agreed. With regards to the training session, 23% of the students strongly
agreed that the session well prepared them for the event and 38% responded
neutrally. Sixty-two percent of participants strongly agreed that teenagers
were engaged in the breakout sessions. CONCLUSION: Student pharmacists
reported that the teens were engaged during the session and that they felt
that the use of the skit and breakout sessions allowed the teens to be
engaged and understand the message. For future events additional training
may be required so that all student pharmacists are comfortable with the
information.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
pharmacist
student
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
alcohol abuse
boy
female
girl
institutional review
learning
male
pharmacy
physician
university
videorecording
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 107
TITLE
The intersection of pharmacy and global health
AUTHOR NAMES
Nguyen D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nguyen D.) Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, State University of New Jersey,
Rutgers, Spring, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Nguyen, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, State University of New Jersey,
Rutgers, Spring, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e251). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Global health has been described as focusing on issues that
transcend national boundaries, embracing both prevention in populations and
clinical care in individuals, and ultimately promoting health equity among
nations and for all people. Clinical pharmacy services are well positioned
to address global health matters, as clinical pharmacists provide not only
clinical services, but care to people, and play a role in the healthcare
system as an expert in the therapeutic use of medications. The PGY2 Public
Health Residency through The State University of New Jersey, Rutgers and
Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation provides a unique opportunity to apply the
principles of clinical pharmacy in a global health context and help improve
health outcomes in underserved populations and resource-constrained settings
domestically and internationally. METHODS: N/A. RESULTS: The poster will
showcase the integration of clinical pharmacy with the work of
community-based organizations in rural South Africa to help develop a
coordinated care model for mental health disorders, substance abuse, and
HIV/AIDS; promote diabetes and nutrition awareness; and mobilize the
community to improve demand for maternal and child health services.
Pharmacy-led assessment of medication storage and handling practices among
primary care givers and adolescent patients to improve patient safety in a
pediatric HIV clinic in Lesotho, and research initiated to assess knowledge,
attitudes, and behaviors regarding isoniazid preventative therapy for
tuberculosis in Swaziland will be described. U.S.-based work that will be
highlighted include pharmacist-led diabetes initiatives and efforts to
translate innovative models of care for chronic diseases into public health
policy in the Mississippi Delta, and the support of a clinical pharmacist in
the Family Health Coach model to engage youths at-risk or living with type 2
diabetes in the Navajo tribal community. CONCLUSION: Global health is highly
interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary, and the diverse clinical pharmacy
services described lie at the intersection of pharmacy and global health.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
isoniazid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
health
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
cardiac resynchronization therapy device
caregiver
child health care
chronic disease
community
diabetes mellitus
diseases
drug therapy
family health
health care policy
health care system
hospital
hospital department
human
Human immunodeficiency virus
juvenile
laryngeal mask
Lesotho
mental health
model
Navajo (people)
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
non profit organization
nutrition
organization
patient
patient safety
pharmacist
population
prevention
primary medical care
public health
risk
South Africa
storage
substance abuse
Swaziland
therapy
tuberculosis
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 108
TITLE
Revisiting Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED): The impact of a pharmacist
telephone intervention on hospital readmission rates
AUTHOR NAMES
Mancuso M.
Sanchez G.
Douglass M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mancuso M.; Sanchez G.) Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center,
Boston, United States.
(Douglass M.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Northeastern University,
School of Pharmacy, Boston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Mancuso, Department of Pharmacy, Boston Medical Center, Boston, United
States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e200). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Project Re-Engineered Discharge (RED) is a discharge nurse
education (DNE) and pharmacist follow-up telephone intervention protocol
that was shown to significantly decrease re-hospitalization. The specific
value of the pharmacist intervention was not originally evaluated. The
objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmacist
telephone intervention during the transition of care process on the rate of
unplanned hospitalization within 30 days of patient discharge. METHODS: A
retrospective chart review was completed for patients who received DNE
counseling and were discharged to home from the family medicine service at
Boston Medical Center from July, 2012-May, 2013. Patients were stratified
into two groups: contacted/intervention, and unable to contact/no
intervention. The primary outcome was the rate of unplanned hospital
utilization, including emergency room visits and readmissions, within 30
days of discharge. Secondary endpoints included number of pharmacist
interventions and time spent on phone calls. RESULTS: There were 401
patients identified; 277 patients received a pharmacist telephone
intervention and 124 patients were unable to be contacted. Baseline
characteristics did not differ between the two groups, with the exception of
a higher prevalence of substance abuse in the non-intervention group (41.9%
vs 21.3%, p<0.001). The rate of unplanned hospitalization (visits/ patient)
was significantly reduced in the intervention group, compared to the unable
to contact group (0.227 vs 0.519, p<0.001). Pharmacists made a total of 128
interventions and spent an average of 22 minutes on each telephone
intervention. CONCLUSION: Patients unable to be contacted by a pharmacist
after hospital discharge were more likely to be readmitted or visit the
emergency room in the 30 days following discharge. A pharmacist telephone
intervention as part of a comprehensive discharge protocol can positively
impact patients during the transition of care process by reducing incidence
of unplanned hospital utilization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital readmission
human
pharmacist
telephone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
counseling
emergency ward
family medicine
follow up
hospital discharge
hospital utilization
hospitalization
medical record review
nursing education
patient
prevalence
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 109
TITLE
Use of an interactive role-play activity to educate teens about substance
abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Pervanas H.C.
Chhay S.
Kelleher J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pervanas H.C.) Pharmacy Practice Department, MCPHS University, Manchester,
United States.
(Chhay S.) MCPHS University, Norcross, United States.
(Kelleher J.A.) MCPHS University, Manchester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.C. Pervanas, Pharmacy Practice Department, MCPHS University, Manchester,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e212). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Substance abuse among teens and adolescents is a major concern.
Educating teens about the associated dangers is necessary to avoid the
potential for misuse or abuse. Interactive activities may be an effective
teaching approach in educating this population. METHODS: Student pharmacists
created an interactive activity to educate teens and adolescents about
substance abuse at a local Boys and Girls Club. Student pharmacists' video
recorded a role play skit depicting a scenario that involved prescription
and alcohol abuse leading to an overdose. This video recording was played
for the participants and was followed by a discussion and similar role play
activities in which the participants were involved. Participants were asked
to complete an 8 question pre and post survey. Qualitative coding and
analysis was performed on the data. This project was approved by the MCPHS
University Institutional Review Board. RESULTS: A total of 24 students
participated in the activity. A majority of the participants were female
(54%) and between the ages of 11-12 (52%). Younger participants ages 11-13
reported that alcohol (56%) was most abused by teens versus the 14- 17 years
olds that reported prescription drug were most abused (66%). When asked
about whether it was safe to take prescription drugs that were not
prescribed, teens disagreed (18%) or strongly disagreed (73%) with the
statement prior to the activity versus (96%) that strongly disagreed
following the activity. When asked about the dangers associated with
prescription drugs participants reported death (56%) and getting sick (42%).
CONCLUSION: The use of an interactive role play skit activity allowed for
teens to recognize the dangers associated with prescription drug abuse.
Teens were able to identify that non prescribed prescription drugs if taken
can lead to serious consequences. Older teens had a greater knowledge of
prescription drugs versus younger adolescents.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
role playing
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adolescent
alcohol abuse
boy
death
drug abuse
female
girl
human
institutional review
intoxication
male
pharmacist
population
prescription
student
teaching
university
videorecording
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 110
TITLE
Use of commercial films to teach non-medical and undesirable use of drugs
AUTHOR NAMES
Mateus J-A.
Baños J-E.
Papaseit E.
Pérez-Mañá C.
Farré M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mateus J-A.; Papaseit E.; Pérez-Mañá C.; Farré M.) Hospital Del Mar Medical
Research Institute-IMIM, Parc De Salut MAR, Barcelona, Spain.
(Baños J-E.) CEXS Universitat Pompeu Fabra-UPF, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J-A. Mateus, Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM, Parc De Salut
MAR, Barcelona, Spain.
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2014) 115 SUPPL. 3 (46).
Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
27th Congress of the Spanish Society for Clinical Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Seville, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-02 to 2014-10-04
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objective: The use of commercial films to illustrate a health problem is a
common experience in university teaching of health sciences. The objective
was to illustrate nonmedical or undesirable use of drugs using different
commercial films in teaching of clinical pharmacology. Method: We selected
the following undesirable uses: chemical submission, induction of addiction,
poisoning, lethal injection (death penalty), and improved sexual
performance. Search for movies that had scenes corresponding these uses were
collected using the New York University's School of Medicine (NYU)
literature, arts and medicine database, and the Film Affinity and Internet
Movie Databases (IMB). In addition we used our own archives and memories to
select the adequate movies. Results: We selected various films that show
various situations in which medications are used away from its traditional
uses like in the prevention, diagnosis or treatment of disease. We chose the
following movies to illustrate such use: Seeking Miguel (2007) for chemical
submission, Revenge (1990 for the induction of addiction, Murder my sweet
(1944) for poisoning, Dead Man Walking (1995) for lethal injection, and,
Something's Gotta Give (2003) for the use of drugs enhancing sexual
performance. For each film we redacted a list of learning objectives and a
list of questions that could be answered by the students the end of the
session. We have introduced some of films in seminars of clinical
pharmacology. Conclusions: It is concluded that the films are of interest to
illustrate how dugs (medicines) could be used in order to induce negative
actions and effects. We think that the films can demonstrate the
toxicological interest, usage patterns, consequences of their use and the
ethical connotations that aroused such practices in the domain of clinical
pharmacology.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
audiovisual equipment
data base
diagnosis
drug therapy
health
health science
homicide
human
information center
injection
Internet
intoxication
learning
male
memory
prevention
punishment
school
student
teaching
United States
university
walking
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12301
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 111
TITLE
Prospective pharmacist identification of drug therapy problems in the
medical home
AUTHOR NAMES
Lallier T.
Hoehns J.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lallier T.) Northeast Iowa Medical Education Foundation/Waverly Health
Center, Waterloo, United States.
(Hoehns J.D.) University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Iowa Family
Practice Center, Waterloo, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Lallier, Northeast Iowa Medical Education Foundation/Waverly Health
Center, Waterloo, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e242). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Medication management is an essential component of patient care in
the Patient Centered Medical Home. Few ambulatory clinics provide routine
prospective pharmacist review of a patient's medication regimen. A previous
pilot study at Northeast Iowa Family Practice Center (NEIFPC) established a
system for pharmacists to inform providers of patient drug therapy problems
via the electronic medical record (EMR) prior to their scheduled
appointment. The objective of this study was to implement and expand a
systematic process for pharmacists to provide prospective chart review and
make patient specific drug therapy recommendations to physicians at NEIFPC.
METHODS: The study used a quality improvement design incorporating
prospective chart review, attendance at pre-visit team huddles, and select
face-to-face encounters with high-risk patients (diabetes, heart failure, or
those taking ≥6 medications). Data were collected for 5 months. RESULTS:
Pharmacy staff prospectively reviewed 3394 of 7573 patient charts (44.8%)
prior to their office visit. The resident and student pharmacists completed
72% and 28% of medication reviews, respectively. Pharmacy staff made 752
prospective drug therapy recommendations. Face-to-face medication reviews
were completed for 43.6% (103/236) of high-risk patients. Analysis of
recommendations demonstrated a 48% acceptance rate, with similar acceptance
from resident and faculty physicians. CONCLUSION: With limited resources,
pharmacy staff was able to prospectively review nearly half of clinic
patient's EMRs prior to their appointment. As pharmacists may need to expand
the pool of ambulatory patients they provide services to, this is a
pharmacist care model which could readily be adapted to other medical homes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
diabetes mellitus
electronic medical record
general practice
heart failure
high risk patient
hospital
medical record review
medication therapy management
model
patient
patient care
pharmacy
physician
pilot study
student
total quality management
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 112
TITLE
Analysis of drug related problems and evaluation of clinical pharmacist's
intervention on chronic kidney disease patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Han S.H.
Lee G.H.
Han N.Y.
Oh J.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Han S.H.; Lee G.H.; Han N.Y.; Oh J.M.) Clinical Pharmacy, College of
Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.H. Han, Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University,
Seoul, South Korea.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e282). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is characterized
many complications and comorbidities have a high risk of drug-related
problems (DRPs), so the identification and solution of DRPs are the core
processes of pharmaceutical care for these patients. Although several
studies analyzed impacts of clinical pharmacist's role in CKD patients,
there are no studies that analyze the characteristics of DRPs in CKD
patients. Therefore, this study aims to analyze of drug related
interventions (DRIs) on DRPs which were detected by clinical pharmacists,
divided into CKD-complications and comorbidities, and evaluate the
significance of DRIs in CKD. METHODS: In the division of nephrology at Seoul
National University Hospital, clinical pharmacists have participated in
multidisciplinary team care service and documented DRIs prospectively using
PCNE (Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) classification system from January
2009 to December 2012. We collected the DRIs related to CKD-complications
and comorbid diseases and analyzed the cause categories combined with
problem categories according to PCNE classification. The clinical
significance of the intervention was assessed using the scale proposed by
Overhage. RESULTS: Total 3908 DRIs were performed, and the number of DRIs
per patient was 0.95. In both of the CKD-complications and comorbidities,
the most common type of problems in DRPs were treatment effectiveness,
adverse reactions, and treatment costs in order of prevalence, and the most
common cause was drug selection. DRIs for CKD-complications and
comorbidities were most part in CKD-mineral bone disorder (28.0%). “Very
significant” DRIs were more likely to be accepted than “somewhat
significant”, or “significant” DRIs. There was statistically significant
difference in significance of DRIs between CKD-complication and
comorbidities (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: We characterized the clinically
significance of DRIs in each CKD-complication and co-morbidities and it may
be based of the development of pharmacists' evidence-based DRI service
protocols and guidelines in CKD patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
mineral
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
chronic kidney disease
clinical pharmacy
college
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
bone disease
classification
diseases
Europe
evidence based practice
morbidity
nephrology
pharmaceutical care
prevalence
risk
South Korea
therapy
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 113
TITLE
Impact of a pharmacist-managed target-specific oral anticoagulation service
AUTHOR NAMES
Kurtz B.
Renner E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kurtz B.; Renner E.) Outpatient Anticoagulation Service, University of
Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Kurtz, Outpatient Anticoagulation Service, University of Michigan
Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e244-e245). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: While anticoagulation services have been established for warfarin
management, their role in the management of targetspecific oral
anticoagulants (TSOACs), including dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban, is
unclear. In 2013, the University of Michigan Outpatient Anticoagulation
Service developed a pharmacist- managed TSOAC-monitoring service to ensure
appropriate use of TSOACs, including appropriate medication selection,
dose-ing, and monitoring. Here we evaluate the impact of this new service by
describing drug-related problems (DRPs) identified and therapy changes made
by pharmacists. METHODS: Patients are enrolled in the service upon receiving
a referral from a University of Michigan physician. Physicians can refer for
monitoring of a pre-selected TSOAC or for assistance in prescribing a TSOAC.
After receiving a referral, patients are contacted via telephone to provide
patient-specific anticoagulation education and confirmation of therapy
affordability. A follow-up call 2 weeks later assesses adherence and
potential adverse effects. After the 2-week appointment, calls are scheduled
every 3- 6 months to re-evaluate dosing, barriers to medication adherence,
and adverse effects. At all visits, pharmacists make additional
recommendations on antiplatelet therapy and order laboratory tests (SCr,
AST/ALT) if clinically indicated. RESULTS: To date, 74 patients have been
enrolled in the service. Of the 74 patients, 61 were referred for TSOAC
monitoring and 13 for pharmacist assistance in initial therapy selection.
Fifty-one patients have had at least one follow-up. Pharmacists recommended
modification to anticoagulation therapy for 11 patients (18.0%) on a TSOAC
medication at the initial visit. Changes were recommended to anticoagulation
or antiplatelet therapy for 29 patients (39.2%) during the course of
therapy. CONCLUSION: A pharmacist-managed TSOAC service assists providers in
improving anticoagulation care by ensuring proper drug selection, correct
medication dosing based on patient-specific factors, therapy affordability,
and by providing ongoing anticoagulation education to patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticoagulant agent
apixaban
dabigatran
rivaroxaban
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
anticoagulation
clinical pharmacy
college
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
anticoagulant therapy
drug therapy
education
follow up
laboratory test
medication compliance
monitoring
outpatient
patient
physician
telephone
therapy
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 114
TITLE
Significance of clinical pharmacists' drug-related interventions for
patients with hematologic malignancies
AUTHOR NAMES
Chu H.E.
Jeong C.R.
Kim M.G.
Kim J.H.
Han N.Y.
Oh J.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chu H.E.; Kim M.G.; Kim J.H.) College of Pharmacy, Seoul National
University, Seoul, South Korea.
(Jeong C.R.) Department of Pharmacy, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South
Korea.
(Han N.Y.; Oh J.M.) Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National
University, Seoul, South Korea.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.E. Chu, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South
Korea.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e284). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Patients with hematologic malignancies are given intricate
medication therapy, resulting increase the risk of drug-related problems
(DRPs). For this reason, pharmacists have implemented drug-related
intervention (DRI) services to resolve DRPs. However, no study has been
performed about the significance of DRI by clinical pharmacists. PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of DRI service
performed by clinical pharmacist and clinical significance of DRIs was
presented to evaluate the value of service for patients with hematologic
malignancies. METHODS: DRIs, performed by clinical pharmacists since May
2008 until August 2013, were classified according to Pharamceutical Care
Network Europe classification, and the frequencies were analyzed using the
WHO/ATC codes as follows: antineoplastic agents and supportive care agents
including antiemetics, constipation medicines, antibacterials, antifungals,
antivirals, and analgesics. Clinical significance of DRI was evaluated by 3
pharmacists using six-point scale and proportion of reflection was
classified by medication class. RESULTS: Among 1159 DRIs performed during
the study period, 91(6.5%) was related to antineoplastic agents and 823
(59.2%) to for supportive care medications. The “Treatment effectiveness”
was the most part (53.2%) and the most frequent problem/cause category was
“Effect of drug treatment not optimal”/“ Inappropriate timing of
administration and/or dosing interval”. Most interventions were shown to be
significant (79.4%) and 31.9% of antineoplastic agents DRIs were very
significant. Therefore, overall acceptance rate of DRI was 84.5% and
proportion of reflection in all medication classes was generally higher.
CONCLUSION: Clinical pharmacists implemented various DRIs concerning
effectiveness, safety and costs, highly related to medications for
supportive care. It is demonstrated the possibility of clinical pharmacists'
interventions to improve clinical and economic outcomes. The result of this
study can contribute to improve quality and process of pharmaceutical care
services for patients with hematologic malignancies.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
antiemetic agent
antifungal agent
antineoplastic agent
antivirus agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hematologic malignancy
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
constipation
drug therapy
Europe
pharmaceutical care
risk
safety
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 115
TITLE
Development and implementation of clinical pharmacy services within an
outpatient pulmonary clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Smith A.L.
MacDonald N.
Thavarajah K.
DiGiovine B.
Kalus J.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Smith A.L.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University,
Detroit, United States.
(MacDonald N.; Kalus J.S.) Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States.
(Thavarajah K.) Department of Pulmonology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit,
United States.
(DiGiovine B.) Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine,
Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.L. Smith, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University,
Detroit, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e232-e233). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The 2014 American Society of Health System Pharmacist (ASHP)
Foundation's Pharmacy Forecast Report encouraged pharmacy practice leaders
to develop and establish roles for pharmacists in ambulatory care settings.
Additional publications address the need for pharmacist's collaboration in
managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to improve health
outcomes and reduce readmissions. Historically, pharmacists have practiced
in ambulatory care clinics at Henry Ford Hospital (HFH). In order to advance
the practice model at HFH and improve care coordination, a collaborative
care model was developed within an outpatient pulmonary clinic to complement
and reinforce existing health care team provider roles. METHODS: Clinical
pharmacists and providers in the pulmonary department at HFH developed a new
COPD patient care model with the purpose of improving care, reducing
exacerbations, and achieving optimal outcomes through adherence assessment,
medication optimization, and patient education. A collaborative practice
agreement was developed and submitted to hospital leadership for approval.
The supervising physicians and the clinical pharmacist approved the clinic
structure and presented the model at the Pulmonary Department Meeting in May
2014. RESULTS: Clinical pharmacy services are currently offered three
half-days a week. Providers either request therapy recommendations or refer
patients to the clinical pharmacist for face-to-face visits. Referral
criteria includes, but is not limited to: patients with newly diagnosed
COPD, two or more COPD exacerbations in the last 6 months, active tobacco
dependence, and identified adherence barriers (i.e., low health literacy,
complicated medication regimens, documented non-adherence, or need for
inhaler education). Visits with the clinical pharmacist can include
adherence assessment, medication reconciliation, patient education, and
medication therapy co-management. Therapy recommendations are communicated
to the provider and all encounters are documented in the electronic medical
record. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective data collection is ongoing to evaluate
clinical pharmacist interventions and identify quality measures that
demonstrate improved care and optimal outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
hospital department
human
outpatient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
chronic obstructive lung disease
drug therapy
education
electronic medical record
health
health care
health literacy
hospital readmission
information processing
inhaler
leadership
medication therapy management
model
non profit organization
patient
patient care
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
society
therapy
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 116
TITLE
Improving transitions of care through comprehensive medication management
AUTHOR NAMES
Rosenberg A.
Sorensen T.
Westberg S.
Sorge L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rosenberg A.; Westberg S.) University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy,
Minneapolis, United States.
(Sorensen T.; Sorge L.) Pharmaceutical Care and Health Systems, University
of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Rosenberg, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2014) 34:10 (e255-e256). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Austin, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-12 to 2014-10-15
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This project Os purpose is to improve the medicationrelated issues
during transitions of care for patients post-hospitalization and reduce
readmissions by: (i) applying the IHI Model for Improvement to engage
patients in comprehensive medication management (CMM) services in the
ambulatory care setting within 7 days post-hospital discharge, (ii)
evaluating drug therapy problems (DTPs) identified post-discharge, and (iii)
collaborating with inpatient teams to facilitate improvements in the
discharge process. METHODS: Ambulatory care pharmacy residents are leading
performance improvement work in 5 Minnesota health systems. Residents were
oriented to the Model for Improvement via an introductory learning session
and supported with monthly progress calls. Using this model, residents
develop ÓPlan-Do-Study- ActÓ (PDSA) cycles to test changes to achieve CMM
visits within 7 days post-hospital discharge. A standardized set of
deidentified data (eg, the number, type, and severity of DTPs identified and
their associated diagnoses) are collected for each CMM visit using a secure,
web-based REDCap survey. PDSA cycles are submitted monthly to identify best
practices to achieve the aim statement. DTP data will be analyzed for
insight and trends that may support discharge planning improvements in the
acute care setting. RESULTS: At midpoint of the study period, data from 165
posthospital discharge CMM visits have been reported; 64 encounters occurred
within 7 days post-discharge. Twenty DTPs were directly related to the
patient Os reason for hospital admission and 137 DTPs were deemed to have a
potential for moderate to severe harm if no intervention occurred. Residents
developed 45 PDSA cycles to test process changes. Primary data collection
will be complete by 10/1/2014. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying DTPs related to
reason for admission within the first week post-discharge could prevent harm
and readmissions. This project demonstrates how performance improvement
methods can be used to design site-specific strategies to reach patients
post-discharge for CMM visits.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
medication therapy management
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
diagnosis
drug therapy
emergency care
health care
hospital admission
hospital discharge
hospital patient
hospital readmission
hospitalization
human
information processing
learning
model
patient
pharmacy
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 117
TITLE
Abstracts of the Dutch Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy
Meeting 2013
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 78:4. Date of Publication:
October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
Dutch Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy Meeting 2013
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-26 to 2013-03-26
ISSN
0306-5251
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 19 papers. The topics discussed include: dopamine d2
agonist induced cardiovascular changes in young healthy men. a phase I
clinical trial experience; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 modulators in
phase i clinical trials. Do circadian rhythms impact the PK/PD
relationship?; the number of included older people in pre-authorization
trials - an evaluation of twelve recently registered medicines; depression
and anxiety as risk factors of medication non-adherence; stability analysis
of clustering of Norris' visual analog scale; the effectiveness of a
medication review on the number of drug related problems in outpatient
cardiology patients: a randomized clinical trial; and a comparison on
medical and pharmacy students' knowledge and skills on pharmacology and
pharmacotherapy after graduating their bachelor's degree.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
dopamine
metabotropic receptor 5
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agonist
anxiety
cardiology
circadian rhythm
clinical trial
clinical trial (topic)
drug therapy
human
male
outpatient
patient
pharmacology
pharmacy student
phase 1 clinical trial
risk factor
skill
visual analog scale
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 118
TITLE
A survey on pharmacovigilance awareness amongst physicians in major cities
of Pakistan
AUTHOR NAMES
Rizvi M.E.
Abbas M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rizvi M.E.; Abbas M.) Getz Pharma (Pvt) Limited, Karachi, Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Rizvi, Getz Pharma (Pvt) Limited, Karachi, Pakistan.
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2014) 37:10 (841). Date of Publication: October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
14th ISoP Annual Meeting "New Ideas in Ancient Cultures: Advancing
Pharmacovigilance in Asia"
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tianjin, China
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-19 to 2014-10-22
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer International Publishing
ABSTRACT
Introduction: WHO defines Pharmacovigilance as “the science and activities
relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of
adverse effects or any possible drug-related problems“ [1]. Globally,
adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality
[1] and rank among the top 10 leading causes of mortality in many countries
[2]. Approximately, 6.5 % of hospital admissions are because of adverse drug
reactions that can add exorbitant cost to healthcare expenses in fund
strapped developing economies [3]. It is vital to evaluate and monitor
safety of medicines in clinical use to prevent and reduce harm to patients
thereby contributing to public health [4]. Aim: To assess the awareness of
Pharmacovigilance amongst physicians practicing in various institutions,
hospitals and clinics in major cities of Pakistan. Methods: A
cross-sectional survey was conducted during Getz Pharma sponsored academic
exercise in Karachi, Islamabad and Lahore from December 2013-April 2014. The
participants were gastroenterologists, diabetologists, cardiologists,
internists, surgeons, and others. A questionnaire was designed and surveyed
amongst 242 doctors, the data was analyzed using SPSS v.20. Results: From
242 participating doctors, 212 (87.6 %) responded to all the survey
questions. Out of these, 211 (99.53 %) appreciated Getz Pharma's initiative
of Pharmacovigilance awareness program. Amongst the responders, 196 (92.45
%) were clear on the basic concept of Pharma-covigilance, 209 (98.58 %) were
of the opinion that Pharmacovigilance program of Getz Pharma is beneficial
in improving the health of our community and 196 (92.45 %) participants were
interested to learn more about Pharmacovigilance. Conclusion: The results of
the above survey suggest that majority of physicians have basic concept of
Pharmacovigilance and consider such initiatives as beneficial to community's
health. This survey can further be extended to other cities and regions in
Pakistan to better understand the awareness of Physicians on
Pharmacovigilance.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Asia
city
drug surveillance program
human
Pakistan
physician
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
cardiologist
community
data analysis software
economic aspect
exercise
gastroenterologist
health
health care
hospital
hospital admission
internist
morbidity
mortality
patient
prevention
public health
questionnaire
safety
surgeon
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40264-014-0208-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 119
TITLE
Impact of the Pharmacist Medication Review Services on Drug-Related Problems
and Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing of Renally Cleared Medications in
Residents of Aged Care Facilities
AUTHOR NAMES
Gheewala P.A.
Peterson G.M.
Curtain C.M.
Nishtala P.S.
Hannan P.J.
Castelino R.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gheewala P.A., Pankti.Gheewala@utas.edu.au; Peterson G.M.; Curtain C.M.;
Castelino R.L.) School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
(Nishtala P.S.) School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New
Zealand.
(Hannan P.J.) Meditrax, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. A. Gheewala, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. Email: Pankti.Gheewala@utas.edu.au
SOURCE
Drugs & Aging (2014). Date of Publication: 4 Sep 2014
ISSN
1170-229X
1179-1969 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer International Publishing
ABSTRACT
Background Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in aged care facilities
and few studies have been conducted to determine the impact of the
pharmacist-conducted medication review services. Studies determining the
prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and data regarding inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications in aged care facilities in
Australia are also lacking. Objectives To investigate the number and nature
of DRPs identified and recommendations made by pharmacists in residents of
aged care facilities. To determine the prevalence of CKD and estimate the
magnitude of inappropriate prescribing of renally cleared medications in
residents of aged care facilities. Methods DRPs identified and
recommendations made by pharmacists were classified using the adapted
version of the DOCUMENT classification system. The modification of diet in
renal disease formula was used to estimate the prevalence of CKD, and the
Cockcroft-Gault formula was used to estimate the magnitude of inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications. Results Over 98 % of residents
of aged care facilities had at least one DRP. Most (83.8 %) recommendations
made by accredited pharmacists to resolve DRPs were accepted by general
practitioners. CKD was prevalent in 48 % of residents, and inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications was identified in 28 (16 %)
residents with CKD. Conclusions DRPs are common in aged care facilities and
the impact of medication review services appears to be high. CKD is also
common among residents of aged care facilities, and inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications was also prevalent, warranting
attention to regular renal function monitoring and appropriate drug and dose
selection in residents of aged care facilities. © 2014 Springer
International Publishing Switzerland.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
human
inappropriate prescribing
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Australia
chronic kidney disease
classification
diet
general practitioner
kidney disease
kidney function
monitoring
prevalence
publishing
Switzerland
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40266-014-0208-y
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 120
TITLE
RA in opiod tolerant patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Moka E.
Vadalouca A.
Argyra E.
Siafaka I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Moka E.) Anaesthesiology Department, Creta InterClinic Hospital, Heraklion
Crete, Greece.
(Vadalouca A.; Argyra E.; Siafaka I.) Anaesthesiology Department, Chronic
Pain and Palliative Care Centre, Aretaieion University Hospital, Athens,
Greece.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Moka, Anaesthesiology Department, Creta InterClinic Hospital, Heraklion
Crete, Greece.
SOURCE
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (2014) 39:5 SUPPL. 1 (e96-e100). Date
of Publication: September-October 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
33rd Annual European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy, ESRA
Congress 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Seville, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-09-03 to 2014-09-06
ISSN
1098-7339
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Noticeable shifts in pain pharmacotherapy and physicians
attitude have occurred during the previous years, in reference to opioids
use for the treatment of benign and malignancy-related pain, with pain
specialists prescribing opioids to a greater number of patients and in doses
appropriately titrated towards individualized needs. The percentage of
patients to whom opiates for chronic pain are prescribed has increased
dramatically in recent years. Interestingly, 47% of these patients are
treated with strong opioids, such as morphine, oxycodone and methadone,
whereas long-term opioid use and dose escalation has been noted in one third
of patients with chronic non-cancer pain. Avariety of opioid analgesics and
delivery systems have been introduced, that have increased patient
satisfaction, physician acceptance, and overall use. Concomitant with
improvements in pain relief and quality of life improvement, an increasing
number of patients are affected by issues related to opioid tolerance and
physical dependence. Only few published reviews address the treatment of
acute pain in patients with substance abuse disorders, and even fewer have
focused specifically on perioperative pain management in opioid- tolerant or
opioid-dependent patients, incorporating Regional Anaesthesia (RA)
techniques. Multiple factors are responsible for opioid tolerance, physical
dependence and/or addiction, making pain management even more difficult in
this specialized subset of patients. Many patients who present for surgery
and anesthesia may be opioid- dependent or at least moderately tolerant to
the therapeutic effects of opioid analgesics. Causal factors underlying
tolerance and dependency include substance use disorder and, more commonly,
legitimate use of opioid analgesics for treatment of chronic benign or
malignancy-associated pain. Opioid- dependent/tolerant patients,
particularly substance abusers, may present with organ damage, infectious
diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, hepatitis,
associated psychological disorders, and drug-specific adaptations such as
tolerance, physical dependence, and withdrawal. These variables alone or in
combination may diminish opioid analgesic effectiveness in the perioperative
setting. Perioperative management of opioid-tolerant/ dependent patients and
RAapplication pose a special challenge to primary caregivers,
anaesthesiologists and pain specialists alike, with the problem usually
emanating from the often conflicting needs to balance the rights of the
patient on one hand and concerns regarding safety, diversion, and abuse on
the other, thus raising important ethical issues. Basic Concepts of Opioid
Use Disorders: Terminology-Criteria-Key Issues: Prior to presentation of RA
role in opioid tolerant patients, the following issues should be considered
to provide a comprehensive perioperative pain management strategy: (1) key
concepts and definitions, such as substance abuse, physical versus
psychological dependence, and tolerance development; (2) clinical
differentiation of opioid dependency; (3) preoperative assessment issues;
and (4) postoperative-perioperative management issues. Substance use
disorders have been classified according to clinical manifestations of
psychological dependence, with/without physical dependence or tolerance
or/and both. Specific definitions have already been consolidated in current
literature. Distinctive boundaries of definitions might not be always clear
(especially for terms such as addiction, dependence, abuse and substance
abuse), partly due to terminology evolvement over time in varying historical
and sociocultural contexts, also reflecting conflicts regarding appropriate
terminology for the complex medical and psychosocial issues, that underlie
chronic and compulsive substance-using behaviour. Opioids Physical
Dependence - Withdrawal Syndrome: It describes alterations in physiologic
response that result from opioid binding and receptor-mediated activity.
Abrupt discontinuation of oral or parenterally administered opioids leads to
opioid withdrawal or abstinence syndrome (hypertension, tachycardia,
diaphoresis, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea, as well as physiologic and
behavioral responses). These symptoms, although very unpleasant are rarely
life threatening; however, they can often confuse clinical diagnosis and
care. The time course of withdrawal (onset, peak intensity) is variable,
depending on the opioid used. Opioid Tolerance - Definition: Opioid
tolerance is a predictable pharmacologic adaptation. Continued opioid
exposure results in a rightward shift in the dose-response curve, and
patients require increasing amounts of drug to maintain the same
pharmacologic effects. The phenomenon of tolerance develops to analgesic,
euphoric, sedative, respiratory depressant, and nauseating effects of
opioids, but not to their effects on miosis and bowel motility. The degree
or gradation of opioid tolerance is generally related to duration of
exposure, daily dose requirement, and receptor association/disassociation
kinetics. Opioid agonists binding to the same receptor may show asymmetric
cross-tolerance, depending on their intrinsic efficacy. For example,
patients treated with sufentanil, an agonist having high intrinsic efficacy
and requiring low receptor occupancy for a given analgesic effect, develop
tolerance more slowly than to opioids having low intrinsic efficacy, such as
morphine. Tolerance is observed in patients to whom opioids are legitimately
prescribed for pain management, as well as in those abusing this class of
drug. In general, the higher the daily dose requirement, the greater is the
degree of tolerance development, thus reflecting harmful addiction rather
than a normal adaptation to this class of analgesics. Types of Opioid
Tolerance - Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms: Several types of opioid
tolerance, including (1) Innate and (2) Acquired, have been defined. Innate
tolerance refers to preexisting insensitivity, which is genetically
determined and hence is present before drug exposure. True Tolerance is
acquired after multiple exposures. This can be of three types:
Pharmacokinetic Tolerance, Learned Tolerance, and Pharmacodynamic Tolerance.
Pharmacokinetic tolerance refers to changes in distribution or metabolism of
the drug, usually by enzyme induction and subsequent acceleration in
metabolism. There is also adequate evidence that drug metabolism by
genetically variable P-450 can also influence the development of tolerance
and dependence. Learned tolerance, refers to a reduction in the effects of a
drug due to compensatory mechanisms that are learned. For example, an opioid
abuser learns to behave normally despite intoxication. Learned tolerance is
also observed in methadone maintenance programs, where abusers mask the
effects of methadone, so that a higher dose will be prescribed. Perhaps the
most important form of tolerance relevant to opioids is pharmacodynamic
tolerance. Pharmacodynamic tolerance has been related to neuroadaptive
changes that take place after long-term exposure to the drug. These include
changes in receptor density and alterations in receptor coupling to G
proteins and signal transduction pathways. Basic research has provided a
better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating
pharmacodynamic opioid tolerance. These mechanisms possibly occur at two
distinct levels. The first occurs at the level of the opioid receptor and
involves (a) receptor desensitization on long-term or repeated exposure to
opioids, (b) subsequent decreases in the absolute number of opioid receptors
(down-regulation), (c) receptor trafficking from cell surface to the
interior of the cells (internalization), and (d) secondary uncoupling of
opioid receptors from underlying G proteins. Another mechanism proposed to
explain pharmacodynamic tolerance involves up-regulation of the cyclic
adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Acutely, opiates inhibit the functional
activity of the cAMP pathway, although with long-term opiate exposure, the
cAMP pathway gradually recovers, and tolerance develops. Increased synthesis
of cAMP may be responsible for physical dependence and physiologic changes
associated with withdrawal. Up-regulation of cAMP has been most clearly
demonstrated in brain, but up-regulation within the dorsal horn of the
spinal cord seems to be responsible for tolerance to opioid - induced
analgesia.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
cyclic AMP
cytochrome P450
guanine nucleotide binding protein
methadone
morphine
narcotic analgesic agent
opiate
opiate agonist
opiate receptor
oxycodone
receptor
sedative agent
sufentanil
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
pain
patient
regional anesthesia
society
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
acceleration
adaptation
addiction
agonist
analgesia
analgesic activity
anesthesia
anesthesia (sensory dysfunction)
basic research
behavior
brain
cancer pain
caregiver
cell surface
chronic pain
cross tolerance
diagnosis
diaphoresis
diarrhea
diseases
dose response
down regulation
drug dependence
drug exposure
drug metabolism
drug therapy
enzyme induction
exposure
hepatitis
Human immunodeficiency virus
hypertension
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
infection
internalization
intestine motility
intoxication
kinetics
long term exposure
medical specialist
mental disease
metabolism
methadone treatment
miosis
patient satisfaction
pharmacokinetics
physician
preoperative evaluation
quality of life
receptor density
receptor down regulation
receptor occupancy
respiration depression
safety
signal transduction
spinal cord
spinal cord dorsal horn
substance abuse
surgery
synthesis
tachycardia
therapy effect
tuberculosis
upregulation
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0000000000000142
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 121
TITLE
Disulfiram: the most effective (and the most misunderstood) drug in
alcoholism pharmacotherapy. A response to some therapeutic, psychological
and ethical criticisms
AUTHOR NAMES
Brewer C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brewer C.) Stapleford Centre, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Brewer, Stapleford Centre, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Alcohol and Alcoholism (2014) 49 SUPPL. 1 (i30). Date of Publication: 1 Sep
2014
CONFERENCE NAME
16th International Society of Addiction Medicine Annual Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Yokohama, Japan
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-10-02 to 2014-10-06
ISSN
0735-0414
BOOK PUBLISHER
Oxford University Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Supervised disulfiram (DSF) is considerably more effective
than other relapse-prevention medications in alcoholism but its unique mode
of action means that as with surgical vs pharmacological treatments in other
fields, classic placebo-controlled trials are not necessarily the most
appropriate method for studying it. Some critics not only fail to recognise
its specific effectiveness but also criticise DSF on the grounds that its
alleged mode of action (aversion) is ethically unacceptable because it
supposedly involves 'punishment' and is also inconsistent with what they
mistakenly claim to be the underlying psychological principles. Method. This
paper reviews recent effectiveness research, including meta-analyses, and
publications that examine the real psychological principles involved in
supervised DSF treatment. Results. DSF's effectiveness is confirmed. Its
initial mode of action is deterrence, not aversion. This both facilitates
and reinforces the cognitivebehavioural process of exposure and
response-prevention, leading to progressively more appropriate responses to
drink-related cues and high-risk situations. DSF can then be tentatively
discontinued. Conclusion. Comprehensive supervised DSF programmes should be
seen not as essentially pharmacological interventions but as essentially
educational processes, facilitated by DSF. Since the physician-therapist and
the patient agree to collaborate in these processes, there are no valid
ethical objections.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
disulfiram
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
alcoholism
drug therapy
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aversion
controlled study
exposure
human
laryngeal mask
meta analysis
patient
physician
prevention
punishment
relapse
risk
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agu052.130
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 122
TITLE
When skills are not enough: Home medication reviews (HMRs) seen through
tutors', pharmacy students' and GPs' competency glasses
AUTHOR NAMES
Nørgaard L.S.
Kaae S.
Sørensen E.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nørgaard L.S., lotte.norgaard@sund.ku.dk; Kaae S.; Sørensen E.W.)
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of
Copenhagen, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.S. Nørgaard, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical
Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Email: lotte.norgaard@sund.ku.dk
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4 (850-851). Date of
Publication: August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background An HMR program (''Medisam'') was launched in 2008-2010 in
Denmark. The program involves patients, pharmacy internship students, the
(pharmacist) tutors of the pharmacy students and GPs. Purpose The aim of the
study was to evaluate if Medisam was an effective way to induce HMR
collaboration between pharmacy internship students and GPs. In order to
conduct joint HMRs, though, students need to possess special competencies.
So what were the pharmacy student's competencies in relation to carrying out
HMRs- seen from the participating student's, tutor's and GPs point of view?
Methods The aim of the study was to evaluate if Medisam was an effective way
to induce HMR collaboration between pharmacy internship students and GPs. In
order to conduct joint HMRs, though, students need to possess special
competencies. So what were the pharmacy student's competencies in relation
to carrying out HMRs- seen from the participating student's, tutor's and GPs
point of view? Findings Generally the GPs, the students and the supervisors
agreed that students possess good technical HMR skills, but that their joint
competencies were challenged by issues concerning professional socialization
and judgement. The three groups also agreed that the student's communicative
skills were sufficient for doing HMRs, but that they lacked clinical
expertise and understanding for the patient's entire clinical picture. As to
professional socialization, the majority of students stated that they-in the
pharmacy-were socialized into a set of values based on humbleness and
cautiousness concerning the GP dialogue-and the GPs agreed. Another
component of professional socialization dealt with tutors' and students'
attitudes towards patients; thus in order for a patient to be of
pharmaceutical interest many and/or potentially serious drug-related
problems are ''needed''. With regard to judgement, students stated that they
would like to make patient advice judgments themselves without permission
from their tutor; that they realize their own limitations and know when to
ask their for advice; and they agree with their supervisors that GPs are to
be treated differently in the HMR-dialogue. Tutors and GPs state that
student's HMR-related trust and confidence comes with experience and cańt be
learned from basic university teaching and reading. Conclusion The study has
shown how skills, professional socialization and judgement are closely
woven, and that student's technical skills were not sufficient for doing
good HMRs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
human
pharmacy student
skill
spectacles
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
decision making
Denmark
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
reading
socialization
student
teaching
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9952-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 123
TITLE
Evaluation of drug related problems in Belgium: Focus on corticosteroids
AUTHOR NAMES
Lelubre M.
Koubaity M.
De Wulf I.
Boussery K.
De Meyer G.R.Y.
Foulon V.
Lacour V.
Steurbaut S.
Van Hees T.
Karim A.
De Vriese C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lelubre M., melanie.lelubre@gmail.com; Koubaity M.; Karim A.; De Vriese C.)
Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie,
Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
(De Wulf I.) APB, Centrum Wetenschappelijk Ontwikkeling Voor Apothekers,
Belgium.
(Boussery K.) UGent, Universiteit Gent, Belgium.
(De Meyer G.R.Y.) UA, Universiteit Antwerpen, Belgium.
(Foulon V.) KU Leuven, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
(Lacour V.) UCL, Université Catholique Louvain, Belgium.
(Steurbaut S.) VUB, Vrij Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
(Van Hees T.) ULg, Université de Liège, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Lelubre, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Faculté
de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium. Email:
melanie.lelubre@gmail.com
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4 (855-856). Date of
Publication: August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background Pharmacists have an important role to play in detecting and
resolving drug-related problems (DRPs). Most studies have shown that DRPs
have a negative impact on clinical results and quality of life as well as on
health care costs. Corticosteroids are often implicated in DRPs, in
particular because of their side effects, incorrect use of the inhalation
device or lack of adherence to the prescribed regimen. Purpose The purpose
of this work is to identify causes of DRPs and interventions performed by
pharmacists on corticosteroid-related problems and to distinguish between
problems related to inhaled and general corticosteroids. Methods During 5
days of their internship, 530 final year students of pharmaceutical sciences
in six Belgian universities collected DRPs encountered in community
pharmacies, as well as related interventions performed by pharmacists. The
DRPs' electronic registration was done through an adapted tool based on the
classification of Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE-v 6.2). This tool
was validated by pharmacists and allowed to measure the frequency and nature
of DRPs. Findings Pharmacists detected 16 733 DRPs in total. 555 DRPs (3.3
%) related to corticosteroids, of which 115 were inhaled corticosteroids.
The most common causes of corticosteroid-related problems (55 %) were
administrative and logistical factors and fraud. More than a half of the
technical causes were incomplete prescriptions. Concerning clinical causes,
28 % related to drug/device-use problems for inhaled corticosteroids, with
88 % related to incorrect use of the inhalation device. For general
corticosteroids, the most common clinical causes were drug choice (37 %),
including medication interaction (58 %) and inappropriate medication
(contraindications, side effects: 14 %). Pharmacists' intervention was
similar for inhaled and general corticosteroids. Pharmacists intervened with
the patient orally in 38 % of total interventions, and in writing in more
than 14 % of interventions. Pharmacists did not react in 14 % (inhaled
corticosteroids) and 16 % (general corticosteroids) of corticosteroid-
related problems. These non-interventions covered, for example, interactions
and incomplete prescriptions. Conclusion Several corticosteroid-related
problems were detected and solved. However, pharmacists barely intervened
for non-observance and drug interactions. The introduction of a structured
interview between the patient and the pharmacist would enable the patient to
be educated and informed about his disease and treatment. Therefore,
pharmacists' training is essential to performing these interviews. More
randomized studies should be done in community pharmacies to evaluate the
impact of these interviews on patients and on therapeutic adherence in real
time.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
corticosteroid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Belgium
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
drug choice
drug interaction
drug therapy
Europe
fraud
health care cost
human
inhaler
interview
patient
pharmaceutical care
pharmaceutics
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
quality of life
registration
side effect
structured interview
student
university
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9952-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 124
TITLE
Evaluation of a drug related problem classification tool in community
pharmacy daily practice
AUTHOR NAMES
Koubaity M.
Lelubre M.
De Wulf I.
Amighi K.
De Vriese C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Koubaity M., mkoubait@ulb.ac.be; Lelubre M.; Amighi K.; De Vriese C.)
Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculté de Pharmacie,
Université Libre de Bruxelle, Belgium.
(De Wulf I.) Service Projets Scientifiques, CDSP-CWOA-APB, Bruxelles,
Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Koubaity, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculté de
Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelle, Belgium. Email: mkoubait@ulb.ac.be
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4 (856). Date of
Publication: August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background An adapted PCNE DRP classification tool has been validated by
Belgian pharmacists. The tool was reliable and had adequate validity to
measure the frequency and the nature of DRP detected in Belgian community
pharmacies. Purpose In 2012, a study was initiated to collect the different
DRPs by pharmacy student during 5 days of their internship. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the daily use of the PCNE classification tool by
community pharmacists and their perception of this classification tool.
Method A self-completion questionnaire, in a web-based format, was send to
210 pharmacy students from the French-speaking universities of Belgium. It
was organized into 3 different parts. The first one revealed the
prescription analysis method at the moment of dispensing or a posteriori,
for a new or a repeat prescription. The second part aimed to identify if
some complementary information sources are necessary for an optimal DRP
detection. The third part identified barriers to the tool's use and its
advantages in the DRP detection. Findings In total, 79 students completed
the questionnaire. For optimal DRPs detection, they needed complementary
information about the patients (54 and 75 % for unknown patients and known
patients by the pharmacist, respectively) but also information from
scientific sources, which are mainly Belgian publications (96 %). This study
also showed that scientific international sources like PubMed are rarely
used in the detection of DRPs (15 %). The drug dosage in patient
pharmaceutical file (PF) was checked in 48 and 56 % of cases at the moment
of dispensing and a posteriori, respectively. Similarly, medication
adherence was checked in 44 and 55 % of cases at the moment of dispensing
and a posteriori, respectively. This suggested that the patient PF was
underused while its consultation allowed to identify DRPs (78 %). Finally,
DRPs detection could promote the profession (84 %), strengthen the
pharmacist patient relationship (91 %) and improve patients monitoring by
the pharmacy team (92 %). Lake of time seems to be the major barrier to the
use of this tool in daily practice (79 %), as the necessity to consult
complementary information sources (70 %). Conclusion The PCNE classification
tool is very helpful to identify nature and frequency of DRPs and
interventions performed by pharmacists. Besides, pharmacists used
substantially the same analysis method at the moment of dispensing and a
posteriori allowing to establish a protocol that would facilitate the
registration of DRPs. However, the time required to complete the tool is too
long for a daily use.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
classification
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Belgium
cardiac resynchronization therapy device
consultation
drug dose
hospital patient
human
lake
medication compliance
Medline
monitoring
occupation
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
prescription
questionnaire
registration
speech
student
tool use
university
validity
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9952-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 125
TITLE
Drug relation problems in Polish patients with chronic illness
AUTHOR NAMES
Skowron A.
Dymek J.
Golda A.
Pelka P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Skowron A., jdymek@cm-uj.krakow.pl; Dymek J.; Golda A.; Pelka P.)
Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University,
Krakow, Poland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Skowron, Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian
University, Krakow, Poland. Email: jdymek@cm-uj.krakow.pl
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4 (848). Date of
Publication: August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background The medication consumption in Poland per patient is one of the
highest in Europe. Its increase is connected to medication advertisement and
expand list of drugs available without a prescription that the patient can
also purchase outside the pharmacy. Purpose The aim of the study was
quantitative and qualitative analysis of drug related problems and their
causes occurring in hypertensive, diabetic and asthma/COPD population.
Method The study has been carried out between 2008 and 2011. The pharmacists
could include patient with hypertension, or diabetes, or asthma and/or COPD.
The data about diagnosis, results of self-control and medication and diet
supplements were gathered during the face to face interview. All gathered
data were used in qualitative and quantitative analysis of DRP. We use the
PCNE classification v.5.01. Findings 267 patients, who met including
criteria were involved in the study. The average age of the patients was 63
years (24-88) and BMI 28.4 (17.8-44.3). Most patients suffered (73.3 %) from
one chronic disease, about 84.3 % of all respondents had hypertension and
nearly 30 % had diabetes. More than five medication were used chronically
and about four temporally per an average patient. About seven problems
detected per and average patient. One medication caused of nearly 1.5 DRPs.
Most commonly detected DRP were: potential interaction P4.1 (60.7 %), drug
dose too low or dosage regime not frequent enough P3.1 (12.0 %) and side
effect suffered (non-allergic) P1.1 (11.2 %). Patients most often reported
as adverse symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract (28 %) and cough (12 %).
Conclusion Results of the study indicate that polypharmacy is a common
problem among patients with chronic diseases in Poland. Almost every
medication can cause a DRP. Pharmacists should focus on medication reviews
and pharmaceutical care programs, including patients education, to improve
effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic disease
human
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
advertizing
asthma
classification
coughing
diabetes mellitus
diagnosis
diet supplementation
drug dose
drug therapy
education
Europe
gastrointestinal tract
hypertension
interview
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
pharmacy
Poland
polypharmacy
population
prescription
qualitative analysis
quantitative analysis
safety
self control
side effect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9952-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 126
TITLE
Abstracts PCNE Working Symposium 2014
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4. Date of Publication:
August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 27 papers. The topics discussed include: omission
impossible: a snapshot of medication dose omissions in an Australian
teaching hospital; prescribing of benzodiazepines for insomnia and
behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in residential aged care
facilities; drug relation problems in polish patients with chronic illness;
home medicines review in the elderly; prevalence of inappropriate
prescribing of inhaled corticosteroids for respiratory tract infections in
the Netherlands; evaluation of a Danish pharmacist student-physician
medication review collaboration model; pharmacist involvement to decrease
drug related problem (DRP) among geriatric patients in Indonesian primary
health centres; development of shared care guidelines in rheumatology;
evolution of pharmaceutical care definitions: the PCNE definition 2013;
potential DRP related to computerized physician order entry: an updating of
DRP classifications needed; and identification of pharmaceutical care needs
for a sample population of rheumatoid arthritis patients on methotrexate.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
corticosteroid
methotrexate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
chronic disease
classification
computerized provider order entry
dementia
drug therapy
geriatric patient
health center
human
inappropriate prescribing
insomnia
model
Netherlands
patient
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
physician
population
prevalence
respiratory tract infection
rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatology
student
teaching hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 127
TITLE
Identification of pharmaceutical care needs for a sample population of
rheumatoid arthritis patients on methotrexate
AUTHOR NAMES
Grech L.
Coleiro B.
Borg A.A.
Inglott A.S.
Azzopardi L.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grech L., louise.grech@um.edu.mt; Coleiro B.; Borg A.A.; Inglott A.S.;
Azzopardi L.M.) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery,
University of Malta, Malta.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Grech, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery,
University of Malta, Malta. Email: louise.grech@um.edu.mt
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:4 (853-854). Date of
Publication: August 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE Working Symposium 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sliema, Malta
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-14 to 2014-03-15
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background Effective and safe pharmacological management of rheumatoid
arthritis patients depends the safe prescribing, monitoring and
administration of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and biological
agent. Pharmaceutical care services implemented within a multidisciplinary
team can further improve medication monitoring. Purpose To assess the impact
of a pharmaceutical care service offered to patients within the rheumatology
department out-patient setting in a general public hospital. Method
Rheumatoid arthritis adult patients who were on methotrexate regularly
attending the rheumatology out-patient clinic (RC) were eligible to
participate in the study. Pharmaceutical care issues identified during
visits at the RC were documented. The drug therapy problems identified were
categorized into an amended classification developed by colleagues (McAnaw,
2003) at the Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences. Each
of the pharmaceutical care issue identified was categorized as either an
actual or potential drug therapy problem. Actions (checks or changes) needed
to resolve each care issue problem were documented in the care plan within
the patient's medical file. Findings A total of 88 patients were recruited
in the study. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 60.8 (11.6) years. The
mean number of years on methotrexate was 10 years. A total of 106
pharmaceutical care issues were identified for the 88 patients giving a mean
of 1.2 per patient where 72 % (n = 76) were actual drug therapy problems
requiring alteration of the therapeutic plan and 28 % (n = 30) were
potential drug therapy problems requiring resolution by reference back to
the therapeutic plan. The most common actual drug therapy problem identified
was inappropriate compliance (28.8 %) followed by additional medication
needs (18.2 %) and unnecessary medication prescribed (16.7 %). The most
common potential drug therapy problem identified was related to potential
adverse events (70 %) followed by inappropriate compliance (16.7 %).
Conclusion The pharmaceutical care intervention led to the identification of
drug therapy problems which were subsequently discussed with the physicians.
References: McAnaw JJ. Development of novel approaches to demonstrate the
quality of drug therapy use. PhD thesis. Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences. Glasgow: University of Strathclyde. 2003.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methotrexate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
biological product
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
patient
pharmaceutical care
population
rheumatoid arthritis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
classification
drug monitoring
drug therapy
hospital
monitoring
outpatient
pharmaceutics
pharmacy
physician
public hospital
rheumatology
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-9952-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 128
TITLE
Allosteric modulator of sigma-1 receptors enhance cognition and memory
AUTHOR NAMES
Zvejniece L.
Vavers E.
Svalbe B.
Domracheva I.
Vorona M.
Veinberg G.
Kalvinsh I.
Dambrova M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zvejniece L.; Vavers E.; Svalbe B.; Domracheva I.; Vorona M.; Veinberg G.;
Kalvinsh I.; Dambrova M.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Zvejniece,
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2014) 115 SUPPL. 1
(177-178). Date of Publication: July 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
17th World Congress of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Cape Town, South Africa
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-07-13 to 2014-07-18
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: The sigma-1 receptors (Sig1-R) have been studied to elucidate
their possible pharmacological applications, which involve learning and
memory processes, depression and anxiety, schizophrenia, analgesia and some
effects of drugs of abuse. Herein we describe a novel 4, 5-disubstituted
derivative of piracetam E1R, which act as positive allosteric modulator of
Sig1-R and enhances cognition and memory processes in mice. Methods: Male
ICR mice, Balb/c mice and Wistar rats were used in the passive avoidance
(PA) test, Y-maze test and for in vitro studies, respectively. The
experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines
reported in EU Directive 2010/63/EU. We characterised the mechanism of
action of E1R in [3H](+)-pentazocine binding and bradykinin (BDK)-induced
intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) increase assays. The
effects of E1R on cognition and locomotion were evaluated using PA test. The
effect of E1R on scopolamine- induced cognitive deficits was assessed in PA
and Y-maze tests. A selective Sig1-R antagonist NE-100 was used to study the
involvement of the Sig1-R in the effects of E1R on PA and Y-maze tests. The
data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc tests.
P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results:
E1R did not displace [3H](+)-pentazocine from the Sig1-R. The pre-incubation
with E1R potentiated 3 times the effect of selective Sig1-R agonist PRE-084
on the [Ca(2+)](i) changes, thus confirming the Sig1-R positive allosteric
modulator effect in vitro. E1R at doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg facilitated PA
retention. Furthermore, E1R at dose of 5 and 10 mg/kg alleviated the
scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment during the PA and Y-maze tests. The
in vivo and in vitro effects of E1R were blocked by treatment with the
selective Sig1-R antagonist NE-100. Conclusions: For the first time, we show
that positive allosteric modulator of Sig1-R enhances cognition and
demonstrates efficacy against scopolamine-induced cholinergic dysfunction in
mice. These effects of E1R are attributed to its positive modulatory action
on the Sig1-R. Therefore, positive allosteric modulators of Sig1-R may be
interesting as both a novel tool for studying Sig1-R pharmacology and a
novel drug candidate for treating cognitive disorders.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
sigma 1 opiate receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 [4 methoxy 3 (2 phenylethoxy)phenyl] n,n dipropylethylamine
bradykinin
cholinergic receptor stimulating agent
pentazocine
piracetam
scopolamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
cognition
memory
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
agonist
analgesia
analysis of variance
anxiety
assay
Bagg albino mouse
cognitive defect
in vitro study
Institute for Cancer Research mouse
learning
locomotion
male
mouse
passive avoidance test
pharmacology
post hoc analysis
procedures
schizophrenia
statistical significance
Wistar rat
Y-maze test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 129
TITLE
Off-label baclofen prescribing practices among French alcohol specialists:
Results of a national online survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Rolland B.
Paille F.
Fleury B.
Cottencin O.
Benyamina A.
Aubin H.-J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rolland B., benjamin.rolland@chru-lille.fr; Paille F.; Fleury B.; Cottencin
O.; Benyamina A.; Aubin H.-J.) Société Française d'Alcoologie,
Issy-les-Moulineaux, France.
(Rolland B., benjamin.rolland@chru-lille.fr; Cottencin O.) Service
d'Addictologie, CHU Lille, Univ Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
(Paille F.) Service d'Addictologie, CHU Nancy, Univ Nancy, Nancy, France.
(Fleury B.) Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie et d'Alcoologie, CHU Bordeaux,
Bordeaux, France.
(Benyamina A.; Aubin H.-J.) CERTA l'Albatros, Hôpital Paul Brousse, INSERM U
669, Villejuif, France.
SOURCE
PLoS ONE (2014) 9:6 Article Number: e98062. Date of Publication: 2 Jun 2014
ISSN
1932-6203 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Public Library of Science, plos@plos.org
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate, among alcohol specialists belonging to the Société
Française d'Alcoologie (SFA), i.e., the French Alcohol Society, the
proportion of physicians who prescribed off-label baclofen for alcohol use
disorders (AUDs). The secondary objective was to depict the features of
individual prescribing and monitoring practices. Methods: On-line survey
among 484 French alcohol specialists. Physicians were asked whether they
prescribed baclofen for AUDs. If they did not, the reasons for this choice
were investigated. If they did, the features of the physician's prescribing
practice were explored, including the number of patients treated, the mean
and maximum doses, the monitoring precautions and the pharmacovigilance
reporting. Participants were also asked about their empirical findings on
HDB's efficacy and safety. Results: In total, 302 physicians (response rate
of 62.4%) participated in the survey. Data from 296 participants were
analysed, representing 59.4% of all active prescribing physicians belonging
to the SFA. HDB use was declared by 74.6% of participants (mean dose
109.5±43.6 mg/d; maximum dose 188±93.3 mg/d). However, 79.2% of prescribers
had treated less than 30 patients, and 67.8% used HDB as a second-line
medication. Although HDB was perceived as more efficacious than approved
drugs by 54.3% of prescribers, it was also declared less safe by 62.8%.
Nonetheless, 79.7% of prescribers had never filed any pharmacovigilance
report. Non-prescribers (25.6%) were primarily deterred by the current lack
of scientific data and official regulation. Conclusion: A majority of French
alcohol specialists reported using HDB, although often on a limited number
of their patients. HDB was considered efficacious but also potentially
hazardous. Despite this, physicians reported minimal safety data to the
health security system. While French health authorities are planning to
draft a specific regulatory measure for framing off-label HDB prescribing
practices, the sustained education of prescribers on spontaneous
pharmacovigilance reporting should be enhanced. © 2014 Rolland et al.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
baclofen
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol use disorder
medical practice
medical specialist
off label drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
drug choice
drug efficacy
drug safety
drug surveillance program
female
France
human
male
medical decision making
physician attitude
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
baclofen (1134-47-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014404414
MEDLINE PMID
24887094 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887094)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098062
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 130
TITLE
Access to and engagement in substance use disorder specialty treatment:
Comparing justice-involved and other veterans
AUTHOR NAMES
Finlay A.K.
Bowe T.
Harris A.S.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Finlay A.K.; Bowe T.; Harris A.S.H.) Veteran Aairs Substance Use Disorder
Quality Enhancement Research Initiative, VA Palo Alto Health Care System,
Menlo Park, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.K. Finlay, Veteran Aairs Substance Use Disorder Quality Enhancement
Research Initiative, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, United
States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2014) 38 SUPPL. 1 (67A).
Date of Publication: June 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA
2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bellevue, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-21 to 2014-06-25
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Purpose: More than half of all Veterans involved in the criminal justice
system have an alcohol or drug use disorder, andmany have other mental
health conditions, medical conditions, and employment and housing
challenges. Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has programs dedicated to
connecting justice-involved Veterans with VHA services to treat substance
use disorder (SUD) and mental health symptoms and reduce their risk for
criminal justice recidivismand homelessness, but the success of these
programs in achieving these goals is unknown. We examined the effectiveness
of VHA linkage programs on access to and engagement in VHA SUD treatment
among justiceinvolved Veterans with SUD conditions compared to
non-justice-involved Veterans with SUD conditions. Methods: Among VHA
patients who received a SUD diagnosis in fiscal year 2012, 28,608
justiceinvolved Veterans were compared with 472,985 non-justice involved
Veterans in terms of access to and engagement in SUD specialty treatment
within one year of initial diagnosis. The multi-level models of these
outcomes included justice-involved status, demographics, type of SUD
condition, presence of a co-occurringmental health, and a random effect for
VHA facility (N=130) . Results: Justice-involved Veterans were more likely
to access at least some SUD treatment compared to non-justice-involved
Veterans (OR=3.54, 95%CI: 3.44-3.64). Engagement in addictionrelated
treatment, defined as the number of visits, for outpatient sessions (b=0.83,
p<0.001) and inpatient/residential stays (b=0.63, p<0.001) was greater for
justice-involved Veterans. Among Veterans with alcohol dependence,
utilization of pharmacotherapy was greater among justice-involved Veterans
(OR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.33-1.46). However, among Veterans with opioid
dependence, utilization of pharmacotherapy was lower among justice-involved
Veterans (OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.76-0.88). Conclusions: Despite the complex needs
of this vulnerable population, VHA appears to be effectively connecting
justice-involved Veterans with SUD outpatient and inpatient/residential
treatment as well as pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence compared to
other Veterans with SUD conditions. Determining the key aspects of the
linkage programs and expanding them to other Veterans would help increase
access to and engagement in VHA SUD treatment services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
human
justice
society
substance abuse
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
criminal justice
diagnosis
diseases
drug therapy
drug use
employment
health
health care management
homelessness
housing
mental health
model
opiate addiction
outpatient
patient
risk
veterans health
vulnerable population
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 131
TITLE
Justice-involved veterans: Substance use disorder conditions and utilization
of care
AUTHOR NAMES
Finlay A.K.
Smelson D.
Timko C.
McGuire J.
Rosenthal J.
Bowe T.
Harris A.H.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Finlay A.K.; Smelson D.; Timko C.; McGuire J.; Rosenthal J.; Bowe T.;
Harris A.H.S.) Veteran Aairs Substance Use Disorder Quality Enhancement
Research Initiative, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.K. Finlay, Veteran Aairs Substance Use Disorder Quality Enhancement
Research Initiative, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, United
States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2014) 38 SUPPL. 1 (67A).
Date of Publication: June 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA
2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bellevue, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-21 to 2014-06-25
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Purpose: We examined alcohol and drug use disorders, co-occurrence with
other mental health disorders, and utilization rates of substance use
disorder (SUD) treatment among Veterans involved with the criminal justice
system. Veterans comprise 10% of those in prison and other criminal justice
settings and over half have SUD and mental health treatment needs. The
Veterans Health Administration (VHA) connects justice-involved Veterans with
VHA services through Veterans JusticeOutreach (VJO) for Veterans entering
the justice system through arrests or courts, and Health Care for Reentry
Veterans (HCRV) for Veterans transitioning back to the community following
incarceration in prison. Connecting Veterans to SUD treatment services can
help reduce criminal justice recidivism and homelessness; thus, we examine
whether these programs provide treatment access and linkage for these
vulnerable populations. Methods: Using VHA health records from fiscal years
2008-2012, we describe and compared 36,758 VJO Veterans with 26,293 HCRV
Veterans in terms of diagnosed prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders
disorder, co-occurrence with mental health conditions, and utilization of
addiction-related inpatient/residential treatment, outpatient treatment, or
pharmacotherapy services. Results: Justice-involved Veterans had high rates
of alcohol use disorders (50% among VJO, 23% among HCRV), drug use disorders
(41%VJO, 22%HCRV), and co-occurring mental health conditions (45%VJO,
21%HCRV), with VJO Veterans more likely to have these conditions (p<0.001).
Of those with SUD, 58% received at least some SUD treatment. VJO Veterans
had more outpatient sessions (M=13, SD=28), inpatient/residential stays
(M=2, SD=12), and pharmacotherapy visits (M=0.7, SD=11) compared to HCRV
Veterans (outpatient visits: M=5, SD=17; inpatient/residential stays: M=1,
SD=11; pharmacotherapy visits: M=0.2, SD=6; p<0.001). Conclusions: Veterans
entering VJO and HCRV programs are at especially high risk of having
substance use and other mental health disorders; these programs appear to be
successful at helping them obtain needed services. Higher rates of treatment
engagement among VJO Veterans may be due to the direct effects of these
supportive programs, court mandated treatment, and/or easier access to VHA
facilities in urban areas. Closer supervision after release from prison and
interventions to address treatment barriers in rural areas may increase
access among HCRV Veterans.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
human
justice
society
substance abuse
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
alcohol use disorder
community
criminal justice
diseases
drug therapy
drug use
health
health care
health care management
homelessness
mental health
outpatient
prevalence
prison
recidivism
risk
rural area
substance use
therapy
urban area
veterans health
vulnerable population
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 132
TITLE
Pain management knowledge and attitudes of hemophilia providers: Physicians
& nurses
AUTHOR NAMES
Witkop M.
Lambing A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Witkop M.) Northern Regional Bleeding Disorders, Traverse City, United
States.
(Lambing A.) Henry Ford Bleeding and Thrombosis Treatment Center, Detroit,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Witkop, Northern Regional Bleeding Disorders, Traverse City, United
States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Hematology (2014) 89:6 (E96). Date of Publication: June
2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 Thrombosis and Hemostasis Summit of North America, THSNA 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Chicago, IL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-04-10 to 2014-04-12
ISSN
0361-8609
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Liss Inc.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The National Pain Survey identified that persons with hemophilia
(PWH) reported daily pain ratings of 5/10 as well as using the same words to
describe acute and chronic pain. Additionally, 59% of hemophilia pts who
completed the National Pain Survey reported receiving pain management from
their HTC providers. The purpose of this survey was to assess the knowledge
and attitudes of hemophilia providers regarding pain assessment and
treatment. METHODS: A validated Survey Monkey (TM) survey with 38 true/false
and likert scale questions specific to pain mangement was emailed to every
physician and nurse provider in the United States listed on the CDC bleeding
disorders website affiliated with a hemophilia treatment center. SUMMARY: A
total of 529 surveys were emailed to HTC providers with 152 completed
(response rate 29%); 57 physicians, 22 nurse practitioners, 68 RNs, 5 other
providers. Most respondents were female (78%) and RNs (45%), followed by MDs
(38%), NPs (15%) with an average age of 49 years age. While most
participants had greater than 20 years in health care (57%), the majority of
subjects had 0-5 years of hemophilia experience (28%); followed closely by
greater than 20 years of hemophilia experience (24%). Participants worked in
a variety of settings; life span centers (45%), followed by pediatrics only
(32%), then adult only (23%). At least 34% of the participants worked in
HTCs with more than 300 hemophilia patients. The greatest response rate was
from Region V-East (19%) and lowest from Region II (3%). Only 19% of
respondents had taken advanced training in pain management. RESULTS:
Questions were stratified into 4 separate categories; assessment, treatment,
pharmacology and substance abuse. In approximately 1/3 of the total
questions only 75% of the participants answered correctly. Despite 100% of
the respondents recognizing patient self-report of pain as the gold
standard, signficant attitudinal differences were noted in the assessment
and treatment of pain. Knowledge deficits across the spectrum of providers
were noted, specifcially regarding dose conversions, opioid metabolism, and
adjuvant medications. CONCLUSIONS: HTC providers demonstrate knowledge
regarding pain management. PWH consider their HTC providers experts in
hemophilia care and the conditiona related to hemophilia. Since the majority
of hemophilia related pain mangement is provided by HTCs, additional
education specific to pharmacology, dependence, and addiction concerns may
be beneficial.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adjuvant
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
hemophilia
hemostasis
human
North America
nurse
physician
thrombosis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
adult
bleeding disorder
chronic pain
drug therapy
education
female
gold standard
Haplorhini
health care
lifespan
Likert scale
metabolism
nurse practitioner
pain
pain assessment
patient
pediatrics
pharmacology
self report
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.23759
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 133
TITLE
The expectancy challenge alcohol literacy curriculum (ECALC): Implementation
of a digital translation with high school students
AUTHOR NAMES
Dotson K.
Herring D.
Dietz A.
Shah M.
Hall T.
Bowers C.
Tantleff-Dunn S.
Dunn M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dotson K.; Herring D.; Dietz A.; Shah M.; Hall T.; Bowers C.; Tantleff-Dunn
S.; Dunn M.) University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Dotson, University of Central Florida, Orlando, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2014) 38 SUPPL. 1 (126A).
Date of Publication: June 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA
2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bellevue, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-21 to 2014-06-25
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The Expectancy Challenge Alcohol Literacy Curriculum (ECALC) is a 45-minute
group or individually-delivered program designed to change alcohol
expectancy processes and reduce underage and risky alcohol use. The ECALC
has been administered to students in public and private high schools,
alternative schools, colleges, and notoriously higher risk individuals in
college fraternities and sororities. Among males and females in each group,
completion of the ECALC resulted in reduced expectations of arousing and
positive social effects, and increased expectations of sedating and negative
behavioral effects. In addition, exposure to the ECALC was followed by
decreases in quantity and frequency of alcohol use and reduced peak blood
alcohol concentration. Despite the brevity and effectiveness of the ECALC,
implementation in high school classes has been limited by the amount of
training required for appropriate administration. The present study
addressed this problem by creating a digital translation of ECALC materials
and automating key parts of the program. A new Digital ECALC was created as
a web-based program with a shortened script for group administration. All
key elements of the previous ECALC were retained. New exercises were added
to increase interactivity, maintain attention, and focus students on key
aspects of their own alcohol expectancies. For example, exercises were
created to teach students the definition of a standard drink, and to
demonstrate the volume of liquid equivalent to a single standard drink when
different types of alcoholic beverages are poured into non-standard drink
containers. Also added was an interactive game to teach common aspects of
alcohol pharmacology. After the Digital ECALC was created, it was delivered
to four classes of students (n=83) at three public high schools in central
Florida to test functionality and effectiveness. Online menus, animations,
and audio content functioned as intended. Before and after presentation of
the ECALC, expectancies were assessed using the Comprehensive Effects of
Alcohol Scale (CEOA). Analysis of expectancy data found significant changes
in predicted directions on all subscales of the CEOA with the exception of
Tension Reduction. Overall, results indicated that expectancy changes
produced by the digitized ECALC were comparable to those produced by the
previous non-digital version of the program, and comparable reductions in
alcohol use are expected.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
curriculum
high school student
human
reading
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol blood level
alcohol consumption
alcoholic beverage
college
exercise
exposure
female
high school
liquid
male
pharmacology
risk
school
student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 134
TITLE
The temporal association between drinking and sexual aggression in college
men
AUTHOR NAMES
Testa M.
Parks K.A.
Hoffman J.H.
Crane C.A.
Leonard K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Testa M.; Parks K.A.; Hoffman J.H.; Crane C.A.; Leonard K.E.) Research
Institute on Addictions, University at Bualo, Buffalo, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Testa, Research Institute on Addictions, University at Bualo, Buffalo,
United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2014) 38 SUPPL. 1 (332A).
Date of Publication: June 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA
2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bellevue, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-06-21 to 2014-06-25
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Although alcohol consumption has been associated with sexual aggression in
college samples, few studies have considered the temporal, proximal
relationship between drinking and subsequent perpetration of sexual
aggression.We examined whether drinking episodes increased the odds of
subsequent sexual aggression using 56 days of online daily reports from 429
college freshman males. Each day, participants were asked whether they drank
alcohol and if so, the time of occurrence, number of drinks, context, and
intoxication. They were also asked whether they engaged in any penetrative
or non-penetrative sexual activity, including hookups, that day. If so, they
recorded the time of occurrence and the extent to which they used verbal
persuasion, physical force, and encouragement of intoxication (on 0-6
scales) as strategies to obtain sex. Sexual episodes that included use of
any strategy (32% of sexual episodes) were considered sexually aggressive;
those with none were considered consensual.We used a generalized linearmodel
with a multinomial model and logit link function to predict 4models, with no
sex days as the reference category. These outcomes were: 1) consensual sex
with regular partner, 2) consensual sex with casual partner, 3) sexual
aggression with regular partner, 4) sexual aggression with casual partner.
After controlling for average drinking levels, drinks prior to sex increased
the odds of both consensual sex with a casual partner and sexual aggression
with a casual partner. Drinking had no impact on the odds of sexual
aggression with a regular partner and reduced the odds of consensual sex
with a regular partner. The pattern of results was consistent when the three
strategies (verbal, physical, encourage to drink) were considered separately
and when higher thresholds for aggression were used. Moreover, the pattern
of results remained when differentmeasures of alcohol use were substituted
(e.g., any alcohol use, any heavy episodic drinking, drinks 5 hours before
sex). The event-level associations between drinking episodes and subsequent
sexual activity with casual partnersmay reflect both pharmacological and
context effects, since collegemen drink in social settings that include
drinking women. Nonetheless, the robust relationships suggest that college
drinking events are a potential target for sexual assault prevention
efforts.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
college
drinking
human
male
sexual violence
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aggression
alcohol consumption
consensual sex
female
intoxication
model
persuasive communication
prevention
sexual assault
sexual behavior
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 135
TITLE
Knowledge and attitudes of pain management in hemophilia providers
AUTHOR NAMES
Lambing A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lambing A.) Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Lambing, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, United States.
SOURCE
Haemophilia (2014) 20 SUPPL. 3 (155). Date of Publication: May 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
World Federation of Hemophilia, WFH 2014 World Congress
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-05-11 to 2014-05-15
ISSN
1351-8216
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objectives: The National Pain Survey identified that
persons with hemophilia (PWH) reported daily pain ratings of 5/10 as well as
describing acute and chronic pain with same words. Additionally 59% of
respondents seek pain management from their HTC providers. The purpose of
this survey was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of hemophilia
providers regarding pain assessment and treatment. Methods: A validated
Survey Monkey™ survey with 38 true/false and likert scale questions specific
to pain management was emailed to every physician and nurse provider in the
United States listed via CDC bleeding disorders website. Results: A total of
529 surveys were emailed to HTC providers with 152 completed (response rate
29%); 57 physicians, 22 nurse practitioners, 68 RNs; 5 other providers. Most
respondents were female (78%), RNs,(45%) (38% MDs, 15% NPs), and average age
of 49 years. While most participants had greater than 20 years in health
care (57%), the majority of subjects had 0-5 years of hemophilia experience
(28%); followed by greater than 20 years of hemophilia experience (24%).
Participants worked in a variety of settings; life span centers (45%),
pediatrics only (32%), or adult only (23%). At least 34% of the participants
HTCs cared for more than 300 hemophilia patients. Only 19% had taken
advanced training in pain management. The greatest response rate was from
Region V-East (19%) and lowest Region II (3%). Questions were stratified
into four categories; assessment, treatment, pharmacology and substance
abuse. In approximately 1/3 of the total questions only 75% of the
participants answered correctly. Despite 100% of respondents recognizing
patient selfreport of pain as the gold standard, significant attitudinal
differences were noted in the assessment and treatment of pain. Knowledge
deficits across the spectrum of providers were noted, specifically regarding
dose conversions, opioid metabolism, and adjuvant medications. Conclusion:
HTC providers demonstrate some knowledge regarding pain management. PWH
consider their HTC providers experts in hemophilia care and the conditions
related to hemophilia. Since the majority of hemophilia related pain
management is provided by HTCs additional education specific to
pharmacology, dependence, and addiction concerns may be beneficial.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adjuvant
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
hemophilia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
adult
bleeding disorder
chronic pain
drug therapy
education
female
gold standard
Haplorhini
health care
human
lifespan
Likert scale
metabolism
nurse
nurse practitioner
pain
pain assessment
patient
pediatrics
pharmacology
physician
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hae.12400
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 136
TITLE
ISMP adverse drug reactions: Vigabatrin-induced encephalopathy: Fidaxomicin
hypersensitivity reactions: Vemurafenib-induced dress: Severe alkalosis and
hypokalemia with stanozolol misuse: Isotretinoin-associated lip abscess:
Eltrombopag-associated hyperpigmentation
AUTHOR NAMES
Mancano M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mancano M.A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of
Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
(Mancano M.A.) Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Horsham, PA, United
States.
SOURCE
Hospital Pharmacy (2014) 49:5 (420-424). Date of Publication: 1 May 2014
ISSN
1945-1253 (electronic)
0018-5787
BOOK PUBLISHER
Facts and Comparisons
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specifi c adverse
drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting
of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program
(800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to
MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers. Write to Dr.
Mancano at ISMP, 200 Lakeside Drive, Suite 200, Horsham, PA 19044 (phone:
215-707-4936; e-mail: mmancano@temple.edu). Your report will be published
anonymously unless otherwise requested. This feature is provided by the
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) in cooperation with the FDA's
MedWatch program and Temple University School of Pharmacy. ISMP is an FDA
MedWatch partner. © 2014 Thomas Land Publishers, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
eltrombopag (adverse drug reaction)
fidaxomicin (adverse drug reaction)
isotretinoin (adverse drug reaction)
stanozolol (adverse drug reaction)
vemurafenib (adverse drug reaction)
vigabatrin (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
brain disease (side effect, etiology, side effect)
DRESS syndrome (side effect, etiology, side effect)
drug hypersensitivity (side effect, etiology, side effect)
hyperpigmentation (side effect, etiology, side effect)
hypokalemic alkalosis (side effect, etiology, side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abscess (side effect)
article
cheilitis (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug exposure
drug misuse
drug safety
drug withdrawal
food and drug administration
human
lip abscess (side effect)
lip abscess (side effect)
medical society
pharmacy
xerostomia (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
dificid
promacta
sabril
winstrol
zelboraf
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
eltrombopag (376591-99-0, 443130-00-5, 496775-61-2, 496775-62-3)
fidaxomicin (56645-60-4, 873857-62-6)
isotretinoin (4759-48-2)
stanozolol (10418-03-8, 302-96-5)
vemurafenib (918504-65-1)
vigabatrin (60643-86-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014333656
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4905-420
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 137
TITLE
Dissemination, adoption, and implementation of acamprosate for treating
alcohol use disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Knudsen H.K.
Roman P.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Knudsen H.K.) Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky,
Lexington, Kentucky
(Roman P.M.) Owens Institute for Behavioral Research and Department of
Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
SOURCE
Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs (2014) 75:3 (467-475). Date of
Publication: 1 May 2014
ISSN
1938-4114 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Acamprosate has been available in the United States for treating
alcohol use disorders (AUDs) for nearly a decade, yet few studies have
examined its use within AUD treatment organizations. In addition to
describing dissemination and adoption of acamprosate, this study provides
novel data regarding organizational processes that underlie its
implementation within adopting programs.METHOD: Data were drawn from
interviews with leaders of a nationally representative sample of 307
organizations delivering AUD treatment. Quantitative indicators of
organizational characteristics, dissemination, adoption, and implementation
of acamprosate, as well as qualitative measures of implementation processes,
were measured during face-to-face interviews.RESULTS: Only 18.0% (n = 55) of
sampled organizations had adopted acamprosate for treating AUDs, and
adoption was positively associated with accreditation, having a physician on
staff, receiving information about acamprosate via pharmaceutical
representatives, and learning about this medication from other treatment
providers. Within adopting programs, an average of 6.0% of AUD patients were
currently receiving acamprosate. Numerous implementation challenges were
identified, including appropriate patient selection, patient reluctance to
be prescribed acamprosate, suboptimal adherence, its costs, and limited
counselor training.CONCLUSIONS: The limited adoption and implementation of
acamprosate likely limits the potential public health impact of this adjunct
to AUD treatment. Research integrating the perspectives of organizational
leaders, medical professionals, and patients is needed to determine whether
specific strategies can address the implementation challenges identified in
the current study and increase use of acamprosate in specialty AUD treatment
settings.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate
drugs used in the treatment of addiction (drug therapy)
taurine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analogs and derivatives
information dissemination
trends
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology)
clinical trial
controlled study
cross-sectional study
government
health care planning
human
multicenter study
randomized controlled trial
treatment outcome
United States
utilization
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
taurine (107-35-7)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
24766759 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24766759)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 138
TITLE
Improving internal medicine resident preparedness to diagnose and treat
substance use disorders; Evaluating the impact of an enhanced addiction
curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Wakeman S.E.
Pham-Kanter G.
Baggett M.
Campbell E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wakeman S.E.; Baggett M.; Campbell E.) Massachusetts General Hospital,
Boston, United States.
(Pham-Kanter G.) University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver,
United States.
(Campbell E.) Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Boston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.E. Wakeman, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2014) 29 SUPPL. 1 (S124). Date of
Publication: April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
37th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, SGIM 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-04-23 to 2014-04-26
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorders (SUD) are the number one public health
problem facing America, accounting for more morbidity and mortality than any
other preventable health condition and affecting 16 % of the population.
Despite providing care for large numbers of patients with addiction, a
majority of internal medicine residents feel unprepared to treat SUDs and
rate the quality of SUD instruction during training as fair or poor.
METHODS: This prospective study evaluated the impact of an enhanced SUD
curriculum at Massachusetts General Hospital on internal medicine residents'
selfperceived preparedness to diagnose and treat SUDs, their ratings of the
quality and quantity of SUD education, and their basic knowledge of SUDs.
The intervention was a didactic curriculum designed by a collaborative group
of internists and psychiatrists with addiction expertise, incorporated into
the inpatient noon conference, resident report, and ambulatory lecture
series over the course of one academic year. Core topics included the
neurobiology of addiction; motivational interviewing; SUD screening and
diagnosis; withdrawal management; pharmacotherapy for alcohol and opioid use
disorders; opioid overdose prevention and management; physician addiction;
care for the hospitalized patient with addiction; and exposure to patients
in recovery. RESULTS: Following the intervention, 86 % of residents reported
feeling prepared to diagnose addiction and 58 % of residents reported
feeling prepared to treat addiction as compared to 74 % and 37 %
respectively in the baseline survey. Three quarters of residents rated the
overall quality of instruction as good or excellent and 98 % of residents
reported that formal residency curriculum had a positive impact on their
self-perceived preparedness to provide care to addicted patients. However,
39 % of residents still reported feeling unprepared to treat addiction.
Residents who reported receiving an adequate amount of SUD instruction were
more likely to feel prepared to diagnose and treat addiction. Nearly one
third of residents (31 %) still rated the overall amount of instruction in
addictions as too little. Additionally, the majority of residents reported
issues with insurance or cost of care (88 %) and access to addiction
treatment (80 %) had a negative impact on their self-perceived preparedness
to provide care for patients with SUDs. Nearly all residents (96 %) noted
time constraints also negatively impacted preparedness. The intervention did
not significantly improve residents' answers to knowledge questions.
CONCLUSIONS: An enhanced didactic SUD curriculum for internal medicine
residents resulted in improved self-perceived preparedness to diagnose and
treat SUDs and higher quality ratings for SUD instruction. However, there
was no significant change in knowledge. Limited access to addiction
treatment negatively impacts resident self-perceived preparedness which
highlights the need for overall policy changes related to SUD treatment in
addition to educational reform. Given the complexity of SUDs, a
comprehensive training model beginning in medical school, incorporating
clinical experiences, and comparable to other chronic disease curricula is
needed to adequately impact knowledge and clinical care.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
curriculum
internal medicine
society
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic disease
diagnosis
diseases
drug therapy
education
exposure
general hospital
health
hospital patient
human
insurance
internist
intoxication
medical school
model
morbidity
mortality
motivational interviewing
neurobiology
patient
physician
policy
population
prevention
prospective study
psychiatrist
public health problem
screening
United States
Western Hemisphere
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 139
TITLE
HSRPP 2014 Aberdeen - Foreword
AUTHOR NAMES
Watson M.
Bond C.
Matheson C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Watson M.; Bond C.; Matheson C.) Centre of Academic Primary Care, School of
Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Watson, Centre of Academic Primary Care, School of Medicine and
Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2014) 22 SUPPL. 1 (1). Date of
Publication: April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
Health Services Research and Pharmacy Practice Conference, HSRPP 2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Aberdeen, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-04-03 to 2014-04-04
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
We are delighted to welcome you to Aberdeen and to HSRPP 2014. The venue
will be King's College Conference Centre, University of Aberdeen, situated
in Old Aberdeen, a historic area with architecture spanning the 15(th) to
21(st) centuries. This is also the 20(th) anniversary for HSRPP and we hope
that together we will celebrate this achievement and make this a memorable
conference. The conference theme is “Pharmacy, Medicines and Public Health”.
This theme highlights two core components of pharmacy practice: medicines
use, especially medicine safety, and public health. Both components are of
increasing importance particularly in relation to the role of pharmacists
and their teams. Our three keynote speakers will, we are sure, inspire us
all. Their presentations will focus on behaviour change and issues of
addiction. The established role of pharmacists in substance misuse (tobacco
and drugs) and their emerging role in managing excessive alcohol
consumption, make these presentations particularly relevant to the
conference theme and audience. In advance of the conference we would like to
thank everyone who has already contributed in various ways, illustrating how
successful team working can be! We thank those who have submitted scientific
abstracts, the HSRPP steering committee, Pharmacy Research UK, the
University of Aberdeen CPD Services Unit, and all our sponsors. Special
thanks go to the Society for the Study of Addictions which has sponsored the
substance misuse workshop, including a networking lunch, and two prizes for
the best substance misuse-related presentation and poster. Finally, we hope
these two days will be productive and enjoyable for both new and experienced
researchers.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health services research
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
addiction
alcohol consumption
architecture
behavior change
college
hope
human
meal
pharmacist
public health
safety
scientist
society
tobacco
United Kingdom
university
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 140
TITLE
The sociodemographic and alcohol-substance usage characteristics of
patients, applied to alcohol and drug addiction treatment center of an
education and research hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Asan O.
Tikir B.
Goka E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Asan O.; Tikir B.; Goka E.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Asan,
SOURCE
Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni (2014) 24 SUPPL. 1 (S255). Date of
Publication: 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
6th International Congress on Psychopharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Antalya, Turkey
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-04-16 to 2014-04-20
ISSN
1017-7833
BOOK PUBLISHER
Cukurova Univ Tip Fakultesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the sociodemographic and
alcohol-substance usage characteristics of patients, who were applied to the
Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center (AMATEM) of Ankara Numune
Education and Research Hospital. Method: In this study, the alcohol and
substance users, who applied to Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center
(AMATEM) between 1 January and 15 January 2013, have been interviewed. In
addition, a semi-structured questionnaire has been used. Results: Of 302
patients, 283 were male and 19 were female. According to the choice of
drugs, 14.6% were alcohol users, 53.3% were heroin users, 5.6% were cannabis
users, 3.6% were users of other drugs (cocaine, ecstasy, volatile) and 22.8%
were mixed-drug users. This study revealed that there was a great deal of
drug and alcohol users in the family of the drug and alcohol users (30.5%).
The study showed that 21.5% of the patients were having legal problems
before starting to use alcohol-substance and 36.4% of the patients were
having legal problems after starting to use alcohol-substance. It was found
that 24.4% of the heroin users was IV (intravenous) users. The 55.8% of IV
users have used the needle of other IV drug users. It has also been observed
that 9.5% of them never sterilized the needle they used. The 58.9% of
patients have not read any book and 31.8% have not read newspaper. The study
showed that the cannabis users were making some activities like reading
book-newspaper, going to cafe with friends, travelling to other cities more
often than the other groups of users. Moreover, the study showed that 19.9%
of the patients have not sustained education, 47% have lost job and 22.5%
had an accident because of alcohol-drug usage. Conclusion: It was noticeable
that there was a great deal of drug and alcohol users in the family of
patients. It has been noticed that the social status of cannabis users were
protected better than the other groups of users. The great deal of IV users,
have used the needle of other users and have sterilized the needle with an
incorrect method, so it is noticeable that IV substance users were under a
high risk of infectious diseases. As a result, of the use of alcohol and/or
substance, they were losing their jobs and it showed that the families of
alcohol and substance users were being victims. The results of this study
show that; the alcohol and substance abuse negatively affects many areas of
life like social life, family and community relationships, job and
education. Besides, alcohol and substance abuse causes increased illegal
activities and disrupts the social peace. The alcohol and substance abuse is
being a great problem day to day, so a multidisciplinary approach for
treatment, which contains editing the social life, family and community
relationships, the education and work life along with pharmacological
treatment, should be developed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
cocaine
diamorphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
education
hospital
human
patient
psychopharmacology
substance use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accident
city
community
drug therapy
drug use
female
friend
infection
male
needle
publication
reading
risk
social life
social status
structured questionnaire
substance abuse
travel
victim
work
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 141
TITLE
A qualitative analysis assessing patients' perceptions of services offered
in an adherence pharmacy program
AUTHOR NAMES
Pinto S.
Bechtol R.
Omerza K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pinto S.; Bechtol R., robert.bechtol@utoledo.edu; Omerza K.) University of
Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Pinto, University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:2 (e84). Date of
Publication: March-April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-31
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objectives of this study are to: (1) describe an adherence
pharmacy model; and (2) assess patients' perceptions of the services
offered. Methods: Three focus group sessions were conducted over a 1-week
period using a previously developed structured guide. Participants were
patients and caregivers receiving products and services at a community
adherence pharmacy for ≥6 months. Experiences with pharmacy services,
pharmacists, and staff were evaluated. Responses were noted, and video- and
audio-recorded. Dialogue was transcribed and analysis was conducted using
ATLAS 7.0. Themes and findings were identified and summarized. Results: A
new community pharmacy with a goal to impact medication adherence was
established in August 2011. Patients learned about the pharmacy via flyers,
billboard signs, televised ads, and/or physician referrals. At enrollment, a
medication list was created, medications synchronized, patients counseled,
and medications dispensed in blister packs. Counseling sessions with
patients and caregivers included education on their conditions, medications,
and side effects. Follow-up phone calls were made monthly or quarterly
corresponding with their refill dates. These calls monitored changes to
medications, addressed patient questions, and assessed the need to schedule
a follow- up face-to-face session. Blister packs were picked up or delivered
to patient homes. Regarding patient perceptions, participants felt
pharmacists and staff helped resolve pharmaceutical concerns and genuinely
cared about them. Service benefits included receiving health care needs in a
stress-free environment, keeping track of patient refills, and receiving
medications timely. Adherence was impacted through patients better
understanding their medications, having pharmacists identify drug problems
and interactions, and assisting patients with their therapy by making
recommendations. Conclusion: With emphasis placed on medication adherence as
a performance indicator, new practice models impacting medication adherence
are needed. This newly developed adherence pharmacy seems to provide a
platform for this service. Services provided at the adherence pharmacy were
positively received and were successful in positively effecting medication
adherence and changing medication-taking behavior.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
patient
pharmacy
qualitative analysis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blister pack
caregiver
community
counseling
drug abuse
drug therapy
education
environment
follow up
health care need
hospital department
information processing
medication compliance
model
pharmacist
physician
side effect
therapy
videorecording
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 142
TITLE
Student pharmacists' perceptions of the qualifications and responsibilities
of community pharmacy technicians
AUTHOR NAMES
Conway S.
Dunican K.
Abel C.
Seed S.
Lynch A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Conway S.; Dunican K., kaelen.dunican@mcphs.edu; Abel C.; Seed S.; Lynch
A.) Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences University, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Conway, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences University,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:2 (e180). Date of
Publication: March-April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-31
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate student pharmacists'
perception of the qualifications, responsibilities, and importance of
community pharmacy technicians. Methods: An anonymous survey was
administered to student pharmacists at the conclusion of their first
professional (P1) year in an accelerated doctor of pharmacy program via
Turningpoint technology. Survey questions assessed students' knowledge of
the qualifications and responsibilities of certified pharmacy technicians
(CPhTs) in community pharmacy and the perceived value of community pharmacy
technicians to the community pharmacy team. Completion of the survey was
voluntary and approved by the university's institutional review board. Data
were evaluated using descriptive analyses. Results: Of the 298 surveys
administered, 282 surveys were completed (94.6% response rate). The majority
of the P1 students were aware that CPhTs are required to pass a licensure
examination (78.4%) but only 37.2% were aware that CPhTs are required to
complete continuing education. Less than 10% of students felt that CPhTs
were qualified to contact prescribers regarding complex drug-related
problems (DRP) and 41.5% of students felt that CPhTs were not qualified to
communicate with prescribers for any DRP. The majority of students (92.2%)
believed that pharmacy technicians are very important to a community
pharmacy team; less than 1% felt that technicians were not important to a
community pharmacy team. In comparison, only 61.7% of students thought that
pharmacy interns were very important to the community pharmacy team and 8.5%
felt that interns were not important to the pharmacy team. Conclusion:
Student pharmacists' view CPhTs as more important to the pharmacy team than
pharmacy interns. Student pharmacists are not aware of many of the
technicians' qualifications and their ability to assist with DRPs. CPhTs
play a critical role in community pharmacies, and student pharmacists should
be educated about the technicians' qualifications.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy technician
responsibility
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
continuing education
examination
institutional review
licensing
physician
technology
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 143
TITLE
Ability of senior medical students to identify common serotonergic agents
when treating serotonin syndrome
AUTHOR NAMES
Simmons J.C.
Rushton W.F.
King J.D.
Charlton N.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Simmons J.C.; Rushton W.F.; King J.D.; Charlton N.P.) University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.C. Simmons, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Medical Toxicology (2014) 10:1 (92). Date of Publication: March
2014
CONFERENCE NAME
2014 ACMT Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-30
ISSN
1556-9039
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC
ABSTRACT
Background: Serotonergic agents have become ubiquitous throughout medical
care and include drugs such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRI), monoamine oxidase inhibitors, select opioids (tramadol, fentanyl,
and meperidine), antimicrobials (linezolid), over-the-counter preparations
(dextromethorphan), lithium, and drugs of abuse (MDMA, LSD, cocaine,
mushrooms). Despite the frequent prescribing pattern of serotonergic
medications, medical students have often been unable to identify
serotonergic medications during their medical toxicology rotation. The
object of this study is to determine if senior medical students are
cognizant of drugs that have high serotonergic activity and could potentiate
serotonin syndrome. Methods: A clinical vignette regarding an adolescent
male who daily takes an SSRI and who presented with fulminant serotonin
syndrome after abusing dextromethorphan was distributed to a fourth year
medical school class at one institution. Students were given a list of drugs
commonly used in the ICU setting and asked to identify which were known to
increase serotonergic activity and thus be avoided in the management of this
patient. Response to the survey was entirely voluntary and two reminder
emails were sent to increase responses. Results: One hundred twenty
participants replied out of a class of 155 for a 77.4% response rate. The
following agents were correctly identified for their potential to increase
serotonergic activity: 87.5 % sertraline, 50.8 % meperidine, 35.8 %
linezolid, 18.3 % fentanyl, and 16.7 % lithium. The following agents were
incorrectly identified as worsening serotonin syndrome: 45 % quetiapine,
12.5 % dexmedetomidine, 5 % propofol, 3.3 % midazolam, and 0 % cefepime.
Discussion: Our results demonstrate significant gaps in understanding of
serotonergic agents among fourth year medical students. While 87.5 % were
able to identify that sertraline would worsen the syndrome, only 50 %
identified meperidine as serotonergic despite the historical implications of
this interaction. Also concerning was the belief that quetiapine had
serotonin agonist activity reflecting failure to understand the mechanism of
this commonly prescribed xenobiotic. Conclusion: Senior medical students
require increased education on the pharmacology of commonly used
serotonergic drugs in the ICU setting to avoid worsening serotonin syndrome
or causing an iatrogenic adverse drug reaction.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
serotonin agonist
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiinfective agent
cefepime
cocaine
dexmedetomidine
dextromethorphan
fentanyl
linezolid
lithium
lysergide
midazolam
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
pethidine
propofol
quetiapine
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sertraline
tramadol
xenobiotic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
medical student
serotonin syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adolescent
adverse drug reaction
drug therapy
education
male
medical care
medical school
mushroom
patient
pharmacology
student
toxicology
vignette
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13181-013-0376-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 144
TITLE
Final results of student self-assessment of medication therapy management
activities in required community advanced pharmacy practice experiences
AUTHOR NAMES
Hale K.
Brown S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hale K., katherine.hale@umontana.edu; Brown S.) University of Montana,
Skaggs School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Hale, University of Montana, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, United States.
Email: katherine.hale@umontana.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:2 (e139). Date of
Publication: March-April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-31
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in student
knowledge, skills, and ability to identify, assess, and resolve drug-related
problems in medication therapy management (MTM) encounters during a required
community advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE). Methods: Student
pharmacists participating in required community APPEs must perform the core
elements of an MTM encounter with a minimum of 1 patient. A survey
administered at the end of the 4-week APPE evaluated student self-assessment
of pre- and post- APPE knowledge, skills, and ability to perform an MTM
encounter based on 13 defined competencies. The survey also collected
information on student MTM encounters, such as number and type of encounters
as well as time spent on each encounter. Surveys were administered over a
2-year period from May 2010 through May 2012. Results: Over 2 years, 229 MTM
encounters were completed by 95 student pharmacists. Most students (43%)
spent 5 to 8 hours on a single encounter. The activity was rated as
effective to very effective by 94% of students. Self-assessment scores
improved significantly from baseline for all items (P<0.05), with the
highest change in communication with primary care providers. Students rating
their ability as medium-high to high increased by 62% following the
completion of the community APPE. Conclusion: Implementation of MTM
activities in a required community APPE significantly increased student
pharmacists' knowledge, skills, and ability to perform an MTM encounter.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
human
medication therapy management
pharmacy
self evaluation
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
interpersonal communication
patient
pharmacist
primary medical care
skill
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 145
TITLE
Implementing a telepharmacist service for behavioral health patients within
an integrated care system
AUTHOR NAMES
Rinkus M.
Gonyeau A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rinkus M., mrr40@pitt.edu; Gonyeau A.) University of Pittsburgh, School of
Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Rinkus, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, United States.
Email: mrr40@pitt.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:2 (e205). Date of
Publication: March-April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-31
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objectives of this study are to: (1) evaluate how to best
implement a pharmacist-provided patient care service remotely using
interactive audio-video technology for behavioral health patients; and (2)
subsequently determine the impact of the program on patient drug therapy
problems and health care costs. Methods: This observational, prospective
study is being conducted with a partnership between the school of pharmacy
and Family Services of Western Pennsylvania. Case managers who routinely
evaluate behavioral health patients in their homes will serve as the
liaisons to connect these patients to a pharmacist via interactive
audio-visual technology deployed using tablet computers. The pharmacist will
conduct a comprehensive medication therapy review and electronically
document the patient's demographics, history, drug therapy problem
assessment, and care plan. Student pharmacists will observe and document the
interactions. Observational data will be collected using a structured tool
and analyzed for consistent themes. Data on resolved therapy problems and
potential cost-saving opportunities will be collected and reported using
descriptive statistics. The study will be evaluated by the university's
institutional review board.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health
human
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case manager
computer
cost control
drug therapy
family service
health care cost
institutional review
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacy
prospective study
school
statistics
student
tablet
technology
therapy
United States
university
videorecording
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 146
TITLE
Measuring the impact of an interdisciplinary polypharmacy clinic within a
patient-centered medical home
AUTHOR NAMES
LaBella S.
Li G.
Barnes K.
Matthews D.
Beatty S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(LaBella S., labella.sr@gmail.com; Li G.; Barnes K.; Matthews D.; Beatty S.)
Ohio State University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. LaBella, Ohio State University, United States. Email:
labella.sr@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:2 (e144). Date of
Publication: March-April 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2014
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-03-28 to 2014-03-31
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The primary objective of this project is to track the types of
interventions made in an interdisciplinary polypharmacy clinic to improve
medication regimens and medication burden. Polypharmacy has been well
documented in the literature as a risk for medication errors, adverse drug
events, and morbidity. Team visits, including complete medication reviews,
by pharmacists and physicians within a National Committee for Quality
Assurance (NCQA) tier 3 patient-centered medical home (PCMH) at an academic
medical center, can improve medication regimens. Secondary objectives
include: (1) measuring each patient's quality of life at baseline and 1
month post-intervention and (2) tracking the cost of medication additions
and discontinuations. Methods: Patients taking ≥10 chronic medications will
be identified for referral to the polypharmacy clinic from a report
generated from the electronic medical record. The polypharmacy clinic will
be staffed by a pharmacist and medical resident with oversight from an
attending physician who specializes in geriatrics. Drug-related problems
identified during the visit will be resolved and categorized based on
indication, efficacy, cost, safety, and compliance. The numbers and types of
interventions made, both during the primary visit and anticipated in the
future, will be tracked. The 12-item short form (SF-12) survey also will be
administered at baseline and 1 month post intervention. The increase or
decrease in cost for medications added and removed during these visits will
be captured using the average wholesale prices. Results: Research in
progress. Using descriptive statistics, the types of drugrelated problems
identified and interventions made will be reported. Changes in quality of
life and monthly medication costs will be described.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
human
patient
polypharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
drug therapy
electronic medical record
geriatrics
medication error
morbidity
pharmacist
physician
quality control
quality of life
risk
safety
statistics
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 147
TITLE
Need for restructuring practical pharmacology undergraduate curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Khilnani G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khilnani G., drgurudas@gmail.com) GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan,
Gujarat, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Khilnani, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India. Email:
drgurudas@gmail.com
SOURCE
National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology (2014) 4:1 (1-3).
Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
2320-4672
2231-3206 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Association of Physiologists, Pharmacists and Pharmacologist, Govt. Medical
College and New Civil Hospital, Majura Gate, Surat, Gujarat, India.
ABSTRACT
With the advent of new curriculum of pharmacology and availability of
precompounded, 'ready to use' dosage forms, clinical pharmacy has replaced
the conventional dispensing pharmacology. Current curriculum incorporates
several exercises in accordance to MCI recommendations but several
clinically and therapeutically relevant aspects remain to be considered
(vide infra). Forgotten is an art of preparing mixtures and lotions
extemporaneously. Many things were learnt during preparations of various
dosage forms.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
bisphosphonic acid derivative
glyceryl trinitrate
insulin
metformin
theophylline
voglibose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum development
pharmacological science
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
antibiotic resistance
awareness
communication skill
cost effectiveness analysis
drug dosage form
drug efficacy
drug misuse
drug release
drug safety
drug treatment failure
editorial
human
medical education
medication error
pharmacoeconomics
practice guideline
prescription
skill
unspecified side effect
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
glyceryl trinitrate (55-63-0)
insulin (9004-10-8)
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9)
voglibose (112653-29-9, 83480-29-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014025231
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2014.4.010120141
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 148
TITLE
The effect of rilpivirine on the pharmacokinetics of methadone in
HIV-negative volunteers
AUTHOR NAMES
Crauwels H.M.
Van Heeswijk R.P.G.
Vandevoorde A.
Buelens A.
Stevens M.
Hoetelmans R.M.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Crauwels H.M., hcrauwel@its.jnj.com; Van Heeswijk R.P.G.; Vandevoorde A.;
Buelens A.; Stevens M.; Hoetelmans R.M.W.) Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA,
Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.M. Crauwels, Janssen Infectious Diseases BVBA, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340
Beerse, Belgium. Email: hcrauwel@its.jnj.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 54:2 (133-140). Date of Publication:
February 2014
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Rd, Chiswell Green Ln,
Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Antiretrovirals may influence methadone exposure in HIV-1-infected patients
receiving methadone for opiate addiction. Rilpivirine is a non-nucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitor for treating HIV-1 infection. In this
open-label trial (NCT00744770), 13 HIV-negative volunteers continued on
their regular stable methadone therapy (60 to 100 mg once daily; Days -14 to
12), with rilpivirine coadministration (Days 1 to 11). Methadone and
rilpivirine pharmacokinetics and opiate withdrawal symptoms (Short Opiate
Withdrawal Scale, Desires for Drugs Questionnaire, pupillometry) were
evaluated. Rilpivirine decreased methadone minimum and maximum plasma
concentrations (Cmin; Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration-time
curve versus methadone alone (least-square mean ratio; 90% confidence
interval) by 22% (0.78; 0.67, 0.91), 14% (0.86; 0.78, 0.95), and 16% (0.84;
0.74, 0.95), respectively (R-methadone), and 21% (0.79; 0.67, 0.92), 13%
(0.87; 0.78, 0.97), and 16% (0.84; 0.74, 0.96), respectively (S-methadone).
Rilpivirine pharmacokinetics with methadone were consistent with historic
data. No clinically relevant opiate withdrawal symptoms were reported.
Methadone and rilpivirine coadministration was generally well tolerated. No
grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, or discontinuations due to AEs
were seen. No methadone dose adjustment is prompted by rilpivirine
coadministration. Clinical monitoring for opiate withdrawal is recommended,
as some patients may require adjustment of methadone maintenance therapy.©
2013, The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug analysis, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug dose, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics)
rilpivirine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug analysis, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug dose,
pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alanine aminotransferase (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone treatment
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alanine aminotransferase blood level
area under the curve
article
assessment of humans
constipation (side effect)
Desires for Drugs Questionnaire
diarrhea (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
dose time effect relation
drug blood level
drug effect
drug eruption (side effect)
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug monitoring
drug tolerability
dry throat (side effect)
female
human
human experiment
hyperhidrosis (side effect)
intestine function disorder (side effect)
maintenance drug dose
male
maximum plasma concentration
middle aged
monotherapy
multiple cycle treatment
nausea (side effect)
normal human
open study
phase 1 clinical trial
phase 3 clinical trial (topic)
plasma concentration-time curve
pupillometry
recommended drug dose
Short Opiate Withdrawal Scale
side effect (side effect)
single blind procedure
skin manifestation (side effect)
time to maximum plasma concentration
unspecified side effect (side effect)
volunteer
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
young adult
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Belgium)Johnson
(United States)pharmaceutical product development
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alanine aminotransferase (9000-86-6, 9014-30-6)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
rilpivirine (500287-72-9, 700361-47-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00744770)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014166379
MEDLINE PMID
24203510 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24203510)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.222
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 149
TITLE
The state of inpatient psychiatry for youth in Ontario: Results of the
ONCAIPS benchmarking survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Greenham S.L.
Persi J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Greenham S.L., greenham@cheo.on.ca) Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario,
Ottawa, ON, Canada.
(Persi J.) North Bay Regional Health Center, Sudbury Campus, Sudbury, ON,
Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. L. Greenham, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Email: greenham@cheo.on.ca
SOURCE
Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2014)
23:1 (31-37). Date of Publication: February 2014
ISSN
1719-8429
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 701-141 Laurier Ave.
West, Ottawa, Canada.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Little is known about inpatient psychiatry settings and the
services they provide for children and adolescents in Ontario. This paper
provides the first broad description of unit characteristics, services
provided, and patient characteristics in these settings. Method: Nominated
representatives from Ontario hospitals with generic mental health beds
(i.e., providing inpatient care across diagnostic groups) for children and
adolescents were surveyed regarding data from April 2009 to March 2010.
Response rate was 93%. Additional data were extracted from the Ontario
Network of Child and Adolescent Inpatient Psychiatry Services (ONCAIPS)
Directory and Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOHLTC) website.
Results: Settings provided primarily crisis services with some planned
elective admissions. Higher rates of involuntary admissions, briefer stays,
lower interdisciplinary diversity, and lower occupancy were typical of
settings with higher proportions of crisis admissions. Services most
commonly provided included stabilization, assessment, pharmacotherapy, and
mental health education. Bed numbers provincially, beds per staff, and
prominence of suicide risk, mood disorders, and utilization of cognitive and
behavioural approaches were comparable to trends internationally.
Intersetting disparities were observed in access to inpatient services for
different age and diagnostic groups, and availability of psychiatry and
different professions. Conclusions: Lack of consistent performance and
outcome evaluation, common measures, availability of psychiatry and
interdisciplinary supports, and dissimilar treatments provincially, suggest
the need to consider potential improvements through systematic monitoring of
setting performance and outcomes, and development of provincial best
practice standards for staffing and treatment. © 2013 Shire Canada Inc. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
child psychiatry
hospitalization
psychiatric department
quality control
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
anxiety disorder (diagnosis)
article
attention deficit disorder (diagnosis)
behavior disorder (diagnosis)
drug therapy
DSM-IV
eating disorder
family assessment
female
health care quality
health education
hospital admission
hospital bed
hospital bed capacity
hospital bed utilization
hospital management
hospital personnel
hospital service
human
ICD-10
intellectual impairment
length of stay
male
mental health
mood disorder (diagnosis)
psychosis (diagnosis)
psychosocial care
risk assessment
risk reduction
substance abuse
suicidal ideation
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014094643
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 150
TITLE
Effective and safe drug prescribing - Implementation of a novel teaching
concept for undergraduate medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Grabowski K.
Sostmann K.
Plener J.
Avila J.
Harms T.
Buron S.
Douros A.
Kreutz R.
Peters H.
Bolbrinker J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grabowski K.; Douros A.; Kreutz R.; Bolbrinker J.)
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und
Toxikologie, Germany.
(Sostmann K.; Plener J.; Avila J.; Harms T.; Buron S.; Peters H.) Charité -
Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dieter Scheffner Fachzentrum F. Medizinische
Hochschullehre und Evidenzbasierte Ausbildungsforschung, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Grabowski, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Klinische
Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Germany.
SOURCE
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (2014) 387 SUPPL. 1 (S44).
Date of Publication: February 2014
CONFERENCE NAME
80th Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Experimentelle und
Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V.
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hannover, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2014-04-01 to 2014-04-03
ISSN
0028-1298
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag
ABSTRACT
Introduction Drug prescribing is an essential therapeutic intervention in
clinical practice but often medical students and junior doctors feel poorly
prepared for this professional skill. Thus, appropriate teaching concepts
for safe and effective prescribing need to be implemented in the
undergraduate medical curriculum. Here we present the design,
implementation, and evaluation of a web-based practical training tool for
pharmacological database search and collaborative knowledge management using
a Wikisystem in a Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics teaching course.
Methods The course - based on a Blended Learning-concept - was designed as a
regular course for third-year medical students at the Charité -
Universitätsmedizin Berlin. An initial facultative eLearning part provided
an introduction to databases and websites relevant for drug therapy focusing
on content and navigation. In the following mandatory course students were
able to focus their practical skills training on solving problems related to
drug prescribing as presented in a case vignette. Results In summer term
2013 174 students attended the mandatory course. Of these 78% accessed the
online-course prior to the mandatory training. 80% of the students (n=85)
who evaluated the overall course - including facultative online-course and
mandatory course - rated this teaching concept as “excellent” or “very
good”. 82% stated that the two parts of the course represented a very
reasonable complementary teaching approach. Discussion Compared to
traditional teaching and eLearning approaches the adherence of 78% of the
students to the online modul shows the need to implement eLearning into a
Blended Learning scenario. We successfully implemented a curricular teaching
course in Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics focusing on searching and
handling of reliable pharmacological databases and websites. Web-based
training provides an opportunity to enhance the students' ability to
initiate, monitor, and modify pharmacotherapy in an appropriate and
state-of-the-art fashion for a specific patient. The Blended Learningdesign
offers the advantage of concentrating on practical skills training under
teacher guidance during the time of the mandatory course.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
medical student
prescription
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical pharmacology
clinical practice
curriculum
data base
drug therapy
Germany
knowledge management
learning
patient
physician
skill
student
summer
teacher
therapy
vignette
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-014-0960-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 151
TITLE
VTA GABA neurons modulate specific learning behaviors through the control of
dopamine and cholinergic systems
AUTHOR NAMES
Creed M.C.
Ntamati N.R.
Tan K.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Creed M.C.; Ntamati N.R.; Tan K.R., kelly.tan@unige.ch) Department of Basic
Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. R. Tan, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, 1 rue
Michel Servet, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Email: kelly.tan@unige.ch
SOURCE
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (2014) 8:JAN Article Number: 8. Date of
Publication: 22 Jan 2014
ISSN
1662-5153
BOOK PUBLISHER
Frontiers Research Foundation, Av. Charles-Ferdinand-Ramuz 43, Pully,
Switzerland.
ABSTRACT
The mesolimbic reward system is primarily comprised of the ventral tegmental
area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) as well as their afferent and
efferent connections. This circuitry is essential for learning about stimuli
associated with motivationally-relevant outcomes. Moreover, addictive drugs
affect and remodel this system, which may underlie their addictive
properties. In addition to dopamine (DA) neurons, the VTA also contains
approximately 30% γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. The task of signaling
both rewarding and aversive events from the VTA to the NAc has mostly been
ascribed to DA neurons and the role of GABA neurons has been largely
neglected until recently. GABA neurons provide local inhibition of DA
neurons and also long-range inhibition of projection regions, including the
NAc. Here we review studies using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo
electrophysiology, pharmacogenetic and optogenetic manipulations that have
characterized the functional neuroanatomy of inhibitory circuits in the
mesolimbic system, and describe how GABA neurons of the VTA regulate reward
and aversion-related learning. We also discuss pharmacogenetic manipulation
of this system with benzodiazepines (BDZs), a class of addictive drugs,
which act directly on GABA(A) receptors located on GABA neurons of the VTA.
The results gathered with each of these approaches suggest that VTA GABA
neurons bi-directionally modulate activity of local DA neurons, underlying
reward or aversion at the behavioral level. Conversely, long-range GABA
projections from the VTA to the NAc selectively target cholinergic
interneurons (CINs) to pause their firing and temporarily reduce cholinergic
tone in the NAc, which modulates associative learning. Further
characterization of inhibitory circuit function within and beyond the VTA is
needed in order to fully understand the function of the mesolimbic system
under normal and pathological conditions. © 2014 Creed, Ntamati and Tan.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 hydroxybutyric acid
alcohol
amphetamine
benzodiazepine derivative
cocaine
midazolam
morphine
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cholinergic system
dopaminergic system
GABAergic system
learning
neuromodulation
ventral tegmentum
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aversion
dopaminergic nerve cell
drug dependence
ex vivo study
human
in vivo study
interneuron
limbic system
nerve projection
nonhuman
nucleus accumbens
pharmacogenetics
review
reward
state dependent learning
stimulus response
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
4 hydroxybutyric acid (591-81-1)
alcohol (64-17-5)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
midazolam (59467-70-8)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
nicotine (54-11-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Human Genetics (22)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014068881
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00008
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 152
TITLE
Pharmacy students' attitudes about treating patients with alcohol addiction
after attending a required mutual support group.
AUTHOR NAMES
Neville M.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Neville M.W.) College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.W. Neville,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2014) 78:2 (39). Date of
Publication: 12 Mar 2014
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To implement required attendance at mutual support groups for addiction
recovery as a pharmacy skills laboratory exercise, and to evaluate how
attendance affected pharmacy students' attitudes about caring for patients
with addiction. Third-year (P3) pharmacy students enrolled in a Pharmacy
Skills Laboratory course were required to watch an introductory video about
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and then attend 2 "open meetings" during the
semester. Students submitted a written reflection as proof of attendance.
Pharmacy students who agreed to participate in the study completed the Short
Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire (SAAPPQ) during the
course orientation and again at the end of the semester. Mutual support
group attendance significantly affected the students' attitudes within the
domains of role adequacy, task specific self-esteem, and work satisfaction.
Significant changes were not observed within the domains of motivation and
role legitimacy. Mutual support group attendance exposed pharmacy students
to the negative effects of alcohol abuse and increased their self-confidence
to provide care to patients with alcohol addiction.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
attitude to health
empathy
pharmacy student
self help
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
alcoholics anonymous
article
education
female
human
male
Short Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire
skills laboratory
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24672072 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24672072)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe78239
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 153
TITLE
Rules and values: a coordinated regulatory and educational approach to the
public health crises of chronic pain and addiction.
AUTHOR NAMES
Katzman J.G.
Comerci G.D.
Landen M.
Loring L.
Jenkusky S.M.
Arora S.
Kalishman S.
Marr L.
Camarata C.
Duhigg D.
Dillow J.
Koshkin E.
Taylor D.E.
Geppert C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Katzman J.G.) Joanna G. Katzman, Cynthia M. A. Geppert, George D. Comerci,
Sanjeev Arora, Summers Kalishman, Lisa Marr, Chris Camarata, Daniel Duhigg,
Jennifer Dillow, Eugene Koshkin, and Denise E. Taylor are with the
University of New Mexico (UNM) Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque. Michael
Landen is with the New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe. Larry Loring
is with the New Mexico Board of Pharmacy, Albuquerque. Steven M. Jenkusky is
with the New Mexico Medical Board, Santa Fe.
(Comerci G.D.; Landen M.; Loring L.; Jenkusky S.M.; Arora S.; Kalishman S.;
Marr L.; Camarata C.; Duhigg D.; Dillow J.; Koshkin E.; Taylor D.E.; Geppert
C.M.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.G. Katzman,
SOURCE
American journal of public health (2014) 104:8 (1356-1362). Date of
Publication: Aug 2014
ISSN
1541-0048 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Chronic pain and opioid addiction are 2 pressing public health problems, and
prescribing clinicians often lack the skills necessary to manage these
conditions. Our study sought to address the benefits of a coalition of an
academic medical center pain faculty and government agencies in addressing
the high unintentional overdose death rates in New Mexico. New Mexico's
2012-2013 mandated chronic pain and addiction education programs studied
more than 1000 clinicians. Positive changes were noted in precourse and
postcourse surveys of knowledge, self-efficacy, and attitudes. Controlled
substance dispensing data from the New Mexico Board of Pharmacy also
demonstrated safer prescribing. The total morphine and Valium milligram
equivalents dispensed have decreased continually since 2011. There was also
a concomitant decline in total drug overdose deaths.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain (drug therapy)
medical education
opiate addiction (prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
article
drug overdose (prevention)
human
methodology
prescription
public health
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24922121 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24922121)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 154
TITLE
Effectiveness of tobacco education for pharmacy students in Indonesia
AUTHOR NAMES
Kristina S.A.
Thavorncharoensap M.
Pongcharoensuk P.
Montakantikul P.
Suansanae T.
Prabandari Y.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kristina S.A.; Thavorncharoensap M.; Pongcharoensuk P.; Montakantikul P.;
Suansanae T.; Prabandari Y.S.) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand E-mail : susikristina@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP (2014) 15:24
(10783-10786). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1513-7368
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Smoking remains the major preventable cause of death worldwide,
especially cancer-related death. Evidence clearly indicates that
tobacco-related morbidity and mortality is reduced by smoking cessation.
Pharmacists are well-positioned to provide tobacco cessation services an
involvement of pharmacists in smoking cessation is encouraged by several
organizations. While Indonesia's prevalence of smoking is in the first rank
in Asian countries, none of the pharmacy schools in Indonesia are currently
offering tobacco-related courses in their existing curricula at present. Our
study aimed to develop and to evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco
education (TE) for pharmacy students in Indonesia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A
6-hour TE was developed and evaluated using pre-test/post-test with control
group design. A total of 137 fifth-year pharmacy students at Gadjah Mada
University (GMU), Yogyakarta, were chosen as an intervention group while a
total of 105 fifth-year students of Islamic University of Indonesia, (UII)
served as the control group. Knowledge, perceived-role, self-efficacy, and
ability to perform counseling using the 5A's framework were
evaluated.RESULTS: A significant improvement (P < 0.001) in knowledge,
perceived-role, and self-efficacy was found in the intervention group but
not in the control group. In addition, we revealed that 89.7% of the
intervention group were able to perform counseling using 5A's.CONCLUSIONS:
The developed TE significantly improved student knowledge, perceived-rolse,
self-efficacy, and created an ability to perform cessation counseling.
Integration of TE education in curricula of Indonesian pharmacy schools
nation-wide should be encouraged.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient education
pharmacy student
prevention and control
self concept
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
case control study
comparative study
counseling
female
follow up
human
Indonesia
intervention study
male
prognosis
psychology
smoking
tobacco dependence (diagnosis, therapy)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
25605176 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25605176)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 155
TITLE
Pharmacists' training, perceived roles, and actions associated with
dispensing controlled substance prescriptions
AUTHOR NAMES
Fleming M.L.
Barner J.C.
Brown C.M.
Shepherd M.D.
Strassels S.A.
Novak S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fleming M.L., mlflemi2@uh.edu) Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes
and Policy, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 1441 Moursund Street,
Houston, TX 77030, United States.
(Barner J.C.; Brown C.M.; Shepherd M.D.; Strassels S.A.; Novak S.) Health
Outcomes and Pharmacy Practice Division, College of Pharmacy, University of
Texas, Austin, TX, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.L. Fleming, Department of Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy,
University of Houston College of Pharmacy, 1441 Moursund Street, Houston, TX
77030, United States. Email: mlflemi2@uh.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2014) 54:3 (241-250). Date
of Publication: May-June 2014
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, InfoCenter@aphanet.org
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To examine situations that prompt pharmacists to access a
prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) database and management of
opioid abuse/addiction; assess pharmacists' actions when abuse is suspected;
and describe pharmacists' tasks when dispensing controlled substance
prescriptions (CSPs) and their related continuing pharmacy education (CPE).
Design: Cross-sectional mail survey of 1,000 randomly selected pharmacists.
Setting: Texas from February 2012 to April 2012. Participants: 1,000 Texas
community pharmacists. Intervention: Mail survey instrument. Main outcome
measures: Prompts to use a PDMP and pharmacists' views, actions, and related
CPE programs Results: The usable response rate was 26.2%. Pharmacists were
more supportive of mandated PDMP use by physicians than by pharmacists (mean
± SD 4.1 ± 1.2 versus 3.2 ± 1.5; P <0.001), based on a 5-point Likert scale
(1, strongly disagree, to 5, strongly agree). Most pharmacists would be
prompted to use a PDMP if the prescription contains mistakes (68.1%) or the
patient requests an early refill (66.3%). Bivariate statistics showed that
men pharmacists, those with BSPharm degrees, and pharmacists ≥50 years of
age reported a greater number of CPE hours related to prescription opioid
abuse and pain management. An analysis of variance showed that pharmacy
owners reported significantly more (P <0.05) CPE compared with manager and
staff pharmacists. Conclusion: Older pharmacists with a BSPharm degree may
be more willing to provide counseling to patients with opioid addiction
based on their work experience and additional CPE related to controlled
substances. As PDMP use becomes more prevalent, pharmacists should be
prepared to interact and counsel patients identified with aberrant
controlled prescription drug use and properly deliver pain management care.
Additionally, schools of pharmacy curricula must prepare new pharmacists to
prevent abuse and diversion, as well as intervene when aberrant use is
identified.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
controlled substance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
controlled substance prescription
drug surveillance program
pharmacist attitude
prescription
prescription drug monitoring program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
analgesia
article
continuing education
continuing pharmacy education
female
human
law enforcement
male
opiate addiction
physician
prescription drug diversion
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014365783
MEDLINE PMID
24816350 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24816350)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2014.13168
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 156
TITLE
Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of persian oak (Quercus brantii) in
experimentally gastric ulcer
AUTHOR NAMES
Azizi S.
Pirbalouti A.G.
Amirmohammadi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Azizi S., azizi@uk.ac.ir) Department of Pathobiology, Shahid Bahonar
University of Kerman, Kermn, Iran.
(Pirbalouti A.G.) Department of Medicinal Plants, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic
Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
(Pirbalouti A.G.) Collage of Natural Science, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, MA, 1003, United States.
(Amirmohammadi M.) Young Research Club, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft
Branch, Kerman, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Azizi, Department of Pathobiology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,
Kermn, Iran. Email: azizi@uk.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014) 13:3 (967-974). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
1726-6890 (electronic)
1735-0328
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, info@ijpr-online.com
ABSTRACT
Persian oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) belongs the family Fagaceae, is a
medicinal plant which seed flour is used to treat inflammatory and gastric
ulcers by the tribes in south western Iran. The current study was done to
evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Q. brantii seed flour for
treatment of gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in Wistar rats. The
hydro-alcoholic extract of Q. brantii was tested orally at doses of 250,
500, and 1000 mg/Kg, control group and standard drug (omperazole) on
experimentally gastric ulceration. At the 3, 6, 9, and 14(th) days, ulcer
index in mm(2) and histopathological findings were evaluated. Results
indicated the size of ulcers significantly reduced at 9, and 14 days after
of Q. brantii extract treatment. Curative effect in the hydro-alcoholic
induced gastric damage was 100% at 1000 mg/Kg and omeprazole, 99.8% at 500
mg/Kg, and 95.4% at 250 mg/Kg after 14 days. Results of histopathological
investigation showed the thickness of ulcerated mucosa was similar to the
normal mucosa with 1000 mg/Kg of Q. brantii hydro-alcoholic extract after 14
days but in the groups treated by 250, and 500 mg/Kg, superficial erosions
were visible in the central portion of the healed ulcers. In conclusion, the
hydro-alcoholic extract of Q. brantii had active components (tannin = 8.2%)
that accelerates ulcer healing and thus supported its traditional use. ©
2014 by School of Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
and Health Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
plant extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy, oral drug
administration)
Quercus brantii extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
omeprazole (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
stomach ulcer (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
article
bleeding
controlled study
disease severity
drug dose comparison
Fagaceae
histopathology
hyperemia
immunohistochemistry
lymphocytic infiltration
male
medicinal plant
nonhuman
Quercus brantii
rat
stomach injury
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
omeprazole (73590-58-6, 95510-70-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014513363
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 157
TITLE
A survey of pharmacy experiential learning in substance dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Kim D.
DiPaula B.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kim D., dongmi@fdu.edu) School of Pharmacy, Fairleigh Dickinson University,
Florham Park, NJ, United States.
(DiPaula B.A.) Springfield Hospital Center, Sykesville, MD, United States.
(DiPaula B.A.) School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Kim, School of Pharmacy, Fairleigh Dickinson University, 230 Park Ave,
M-SP1-01, Florham Park, NJ 07932, United States. Email: dongmi@fdu.edu
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2014) 6:1 (58-68). Date of
Publication: January 2014
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The role of pharmacists in managing patients with substance use
disorders has expanded, since the passage of the Drug Addiction Treatment
Act of 2000. However, pharmacy experiential education in substance
dependence has never been systematically assessed. Methods: An online survey
was administered to the administrators of experiential education in all
American Council of Pharmaceutical Education (ACPE)-accredited schools of
pharmacy. Results: Of 73 schools that responded (79.3% response rate), ten
(13.7%) offered a sole-standing substance dependence experiential education
opportunity and two (2.7%) included substance dependence experiential
learning as part of their curricular requirement. The greatest barriers to
substance dependence experiential learning were lack of preceptors and
qualified sites. Conclusion: The extent of pharmacy experiential education
in substance dependence is limited and variable. Further research is
necessary to determine whether overcoming identified barriers would increase
the availability of substance dependence experiential learning offerings. ©
2013 Elsevier Inc.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
experiential learning
pharmacy
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health survey
human
interview
paramedical education
priority journal
staff training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014038428
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2013.09.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 158
TITLE
An evaluation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health
education in pharmacy school curricula
AUTHOR NAMES
Mandap M.
Carrillo S.
Youmans S.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mandap M.) Southcentral Foundation, Anchorage, United States.
(Carrillo S.) Department of Pharmacy Services, Highland Hospital, Oakland,
United States.
(Youmans S.L., youmanss@pharmacy.ucsf.edu) University of California, San
Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.L. Youmans, University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, 521
Parnassus Avenue, C-152, San Francisco, United States.
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2014) 6:6 (752-758). Date of
Publication: 1 Nov 2014
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., usjcs@elsevier.com
ABSTRACT
Background: The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community has
increased health risks, including higher rates of certain cancers,
depression, tobacco use, and substance abuse. These individuals are less
likely to seek medical treatment and have higher rates of dissatisfaction
with the health care system. It is unclear to what extent pharmacy school
curricula prepare students to provide quality care to this population.
Objective: The objective of this study is to describe to what extent LGBT
health content is integrated in the pharmacy curricula. Methods: Between
November 2011 and January 2012, curriculum Deans (or equivalent) from
schools of pharmacy throughout the US were invited to complete a 14-item
questionnaire to report the amount of LGBT health content taught in their
respective schools. Results: A total of 28 schools (. n = 125, 22%)
responded. Of the 28 respondents, 43% reported having LGBT content in the
required curriculum, with 39% reporting one to three hours and 4% reporting
four to ten hours. The topics most frequently taught by schools were human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in LGBT people (71%) and sexually transmitted
infections (non-HIV) (46%). Faculty development for teaching LGBT health
content was provided by 18% of schools. The coverage of LGBT content was
rated as "good" or "very good" by 14% and "very poor" by 32% of respondents.
Conclusions: A review of how the schools of pharmacy curricula include LBGT
health content is needed. We suggest strategies and resources that may help
prepare faculty to teach LGBT health content and assist curriculum
committees to integrate this material into the pharmacy curricula.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education program
health education
LGBT people
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
evaluation study
health care quality
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
questionnaire
sexually transmitted disease
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014871262
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2014.08.001
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 159
TITLE
Alcohol use behaviors among pharmacy students.
AUTHOR NAMES
Oliver W.
McGuffey G.
Westrick S.C.
Jungnickel P.W.
Correia C.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Oliver W.; McGuffey G.; Westrick S.C.; Jungnickel P.W.) Harrison School of
Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
(Correia C.J.) Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. Oliver,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2014) 78:2 (30). Date of
Publication: 12 Mar 2014
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To identify reasons for drinking, determine the patterns of alcohol abuse,
and explore relationships between drinking motives and alcohol abuse
patterns in pharmacy students. A cross-sectional anonymous, voluntary,
self-administered paper survey instrument was administered to first-year
(P1) through third-year (P3) pharmacy students as part of a professional
seminar. Survey instruments were completed by 349 pharmacy students (95.9%
cooperation rate). Using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test
criteria, 23.2% of students reported hazardous or harmful use and 67.2% of
students reported consuming alcohol at hazardous levels during the past
year. Students who were male (37.0%), single (25.3%), and attended the main
campus (26.2%) were more likely than their counterparts to report hazardous
or harmful alcohol use. Pharmacy students reported social motives as the
most common reason for drinking; however, coping and enhancement motives
were more predictive of harmful or hazardous alcohol use. Approximately 1 in
4 pharmacy students (23%) reported hazardous or harmful alcohol use.
Education about the dangers of alcohol abuse and intervention programs from
colleges and schools of pharmacy are recommended to help address this issue.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol derivative (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (epidemiology)
drinking behavior (epidemiology)
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol abuse
article
cross-sectional study
drinking
female
human
male
Pharmacy students
statistics
substance abuse
young adult
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24672063 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24672063)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe78230
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 160
TITLE
Abuse potential, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of
intranasally administered crushed oxycodone HCl abuse-deterrent
controlled-release tablets in recreational opioid users
AUTHOR NAMES
Harris S.C.
Perrino P.J.
Smith I.
Shram M.J.
Colucci S.V.
Bartlett C.
Sellers E.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Harris S.C., stephen.harris@pharma.com; Perrino P.J.; Colucci S.V.) Purdue
Pharma L.P., One Stamford Forum, Stamford, CT 06901, United States.
(Smith I.; Bartlett C.) INC Research Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Shram M.J.) Altreos Research Partners, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Sellers E.M.) DL Global Partners, Toronto, ON, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.C. Harris, Purdue Pharma L.P., One Stamford Forum, Stamford, CT 06901,
United States. Email: stephen.harris@pharma.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 54:4 (468-477). Date of Publication:
April 2014
ISSN
1552-4604 (electronic)
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., claims@sagepub.com
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate abuse potential,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of intranasally administered,
crushed reformulated OxyContin® (oxycodone HCl controlled-release) tablets
(ORF), relative to crushed original OxyContin® (OC), oxycodone powder (Oxy
API), and OC placebo. This randomized, double-blind, positive- and
placebo-controlled crossover study enrolled healthy, adult, nonphysically
dependent recreational opioid users with recent history of intranasal drug
abuse (N = 27). Active treatments contained oxycodone (30 mg).
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (e.g., Overall Drug Liking [ODL], Take
Drug Again [TDA], and High Visual Analog Scales [VAS]; Subjective Drug Value
[SDV]; pupillometry; intranasal irritation), and safety (e.g., adverse
events, vital signs, laboratory tests) were assessed to 24 hours postdose.
Crushed ORF administration yielded reduced oxycodone C(max) and increased
T(max) versus crushed OC and Oxy API. Peak effects for pharmacodynamic
measures were delayed with ORF (1-2 hours) versus OC and Oxy API (0.5-1
hour). ODL, TDA, High VAS, and SDV E(max) values were significantly lower (P
≤ .05) and some intranasal irritation ratings were greater for ORF versus OC
and Oxy API. No significant or unexpected safety findings were observed.
Compared with OC and Oxy API, intranasally administered ORF was associated
with lower and delayed peak plasma concentrations, decreased drug-liking,
and decreased intranasal tolerability. This suggests that ORF has a
decreased potential for intranasal oxycodone abuse. There were no
significant or unexpected safety findings. As is true for all abuse
potential studies, epidemiological or other appropriate post-marketing
studies are required to assess the impact of the reduction in intranasal
oxycodone abuse potential observed in the present study on real-world
patterns of ORF misuse, abuse, and diversion. © 2013 The Authors. The
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on
behalf of The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, intranasal drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
controlled drug release
controlled study
crossover procedure
dizziness (side effect)
double blind procedure
drug formulation
drug safety
drug tolerability
dry powder
epistaxis (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
female
headache (side effect)
human
human experiment
male
maximum plasma concentration
middle aged
normal human
nose obstruction (side effect)
opiate addiction
pruritus (side effect)
randomized controlled trial
somnolence (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
young adult
DRUG TRADE NAMES
oxycontin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014258525
MEDLINE PMID
24243216 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24243216)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.235
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 161
TITLE
Sodium oxybate: A primer for pharmacists in the treatment off narcolepsy
AUTHOR NAMES
Castillo S.
Begley K.
Malesker M.
Steinshouer C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Castillo S., shanacastillo@creighton.edu; Begley K.; Malesker M.) Creighton
University, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Brandeis Lab., 2500
California Plaza, Omaha, United States.
(Steinshouer C.) University of Kansas, School of Medicine, Kansas City,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Castillo, Creighton University, School of Pharmacy and Health
Professions, Brandeis Lab., 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, United States.
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2014) 29:8 (547-554). Date of Publication: 1 Aug 2014
ISSN
0888-5109
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, 1321 Duke Street, Alexandria,
United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this report is to describe a 57-year-old man who
was admitted to a nursing facility for physical therapy. His home medication
list included sodium oxybate. This article will provide the pharmacist with
a therapeutic overview of sodium oxybate as well as review the unique
processes involved with drug acquisition, dosing, patient education, and
monitoring. SETTING: Community pharmacy, nursing facility pharmacy,
consultant pharmacy practice. PRACTICE CONSIDERATIONS: Sodium oxybate is the
only medication in the United States that has approval for both treatment of
cataplexy in narcolepsy and treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in
narcolepsy. Sodium oxybate has many unique properties that cause it to
differ from past therapies for cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness
associated with narcolepsy. CONCLUSION: It is important for pharmacists to
understand the therapeutic uses of sodium oxybate and to review the
processes for acquisition, dosing, and administration to better assist
physicians and patients and improve therapeutic outcomes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
oxybate sodium (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug dose, drug
therapy, oral drug administration, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (oral drug administration)
benazepril (oral drug administration)
fenofibric acid (oral drug administration)
gabapentin (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
insulin glargine (subcutaneous drug administration)
metformin (oral drug administration)
oxycodone (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
paracetamol (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
pioglitazone (oral drug administration)
rosuvastatin (oral drug administration)
tamsulosin (oral drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcolepsy (drug therapy, drug therapy)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abnormal behavior (side effect)
adult
anxiety disorder (side effect)
article
bedtime dosage
case report
cataplexy
chronic pain (drug therapy)
confusion (side effect)
daytime somnolence
disease association
dizziness (side effect)
drug abuse
drug dependence
drug efficacy
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug labeling
drug mechanism
drug safety
human
insomnia (side effect)
male
middle aged
myalgia (drug therapy)
nausea (side effect)
off label drug use
pain (drug therapy)
somnolence (side effect)
tremor (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
benazepril (86541-75-5)
fenofibric acid (26129-32-8, 42017-89-0)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
insulin glargine (160337-95-1)
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
oxybate sodium (502-85-2)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pioglitazone (105355-27-9, 111025-46-8)
rosuvastatin (147098-18-8, 147098-20-2)
tamsulosin (106133-20-4, 106138-88-9, 106463-17-6, 80223-99-0, 94666-07-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015968011
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2014.547
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 162
TITLE
Community pharmacists’ knowledge of diabetes management during Ramadan in
Egypt
AUTHOR NAMES
Amin M.E.K.
Chewning B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Amin M.E.K., mohamedezzat21@gmail.com) Joseph Wiederholt Wisconsin
Distinguished Graduate Fellow, School of Pharmacy, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, 2503 Rennebohm Hall, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, United
States.
(Chewning B.) Sonderegger Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, 2523 Rennebohm Hall, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E.K. Amin, Joseph Wiederholt Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellow,
School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2503 Rennebohm Hall,
777 Highland Avenue, Madison, United States.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2014) 36:6 (1213-1221). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Background Although Muslim diabetic patients may be aware of their religious
exemption from fasting, many still fast and adjust their medication regimens
accordingly. Pharmacists have a significant potential to identify and
prevent harm from medication misuse in Ramadan. Objectives This study
examines Egyptian pharmacists’ knowledge regarding management of diabetes
during Ramadan. It also explores pharmacists’ willingness to attend a 1 day
workshop on medication regimen adjustment during Ramadan. Setting Community
pharmacies throughout Alexandria, Egypt. Methods A cross-sectional study
using a pretested self-administered survey was conducted among a random
sample of community pharmacists. The survey included three knowledge
questions relevant to counseling diabetic patients during Ramadan. Questions
covered the recommended timing and dosing for metformin and insulin as well
as the safe blood glucose range required for diabetic patients to safely
continue their fast. Using logistic regression, a model was estimated to
predict pharmacists’ willingness to attend a workshop on the adjustment of
medication regimens during Ramadan. Content analysis was used to analyze
pharmacists’ answers to the question concerning what they would like the
workshop to cover. Main outcome measure Pharmacists’ aggregate scores for
all three diabetes management knowledge questions and pharmacists’
willingness to attend a workshop on the adjustment of medication regimens
during Ramadan. Results Ninety three percent of the 298 approached
pharmacists agreed to participate. Forty three pharmacists (15.9 %) did not
know the correct answer to any question, 118(43.7 %) 24 answered one
correctly, 86 (31.9 %) answered two correctly and only 23 (8.5 %) answered
all 25 three correctly. Confidence in therapeutic knowledge regarding
medication regimen 26 adjustment during Ramadan was not associated with the
pharmacists’ knowledge of diabetes management during Ramadan. One hundred
seventy five (63.6 %) pharmacists wanted to attend a workshop on adjusting
medication regimens during Ramadan. This was significantly associated with
pharmacists being Muslim (OR 3.52, CI 1.70–7.27) and of younger age (OR
30 = 0.98, CI 0.96–0.99978). Pharmacists offered specific content and
communication process 31 suggestions for the workshop content. Conclusion
This study identifies variability among community pharmacists’ knowledge of
diabetes management during Ramadan. It also shows willingness among the
majority of pharmacists to learn more about the topic
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
glucose (endogenous compound)
insulin (drug therapy)
metformin (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diabetes mellitus (drug therapy, drug therapy)
pharmacist attitude
professional knowledge
religion
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
Christian
continuing education
cross-sectional study
descriptive research
diabetic patient
diet restriction
drug misuse
Egypt
Egyptian
evidence based practice
female
glucose blood level
health survey
human
male
Muslim
pharmacy
pharmacy student
practice guideline
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
glucose (50-99-7, 84778-64-3)
insulin (9004-10-8)
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Internal Medicine (6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014878030
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0019-6
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 163
TITLE
Prevalence of self-reported nonmedical use of prescription stimulants in
north carolina doctor of pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Volger E.J.
McLendon A.N.
Fuller S.H.
Herring C.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Volger E.J., evolger@su.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Shenandoah
University, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, 1775 North Sector Court,
Winchester, VA 22601, United States.
(McLendon A.N.; Fuller S.H.; Herring C.T.) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Campbell University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Buies Creek,
NC, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.J. Volger, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Shenandoah University, Bernard
J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601,
United States. Email: evolger@su.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2014) 27:2 (158-168). Date of Publication:
April 2014
ISSN
1531-1937 (electronic)
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., claims@sagepub.com
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, associated factors, and opinions
regarding nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) in Doctor of
Pharmacy (PharmD) students. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to
professional year 1 through 4 for students at 2 schools of pharmacy (public
and private) in North Carolina. The survey was available for 3 weeks.
Descriptive statistics (proportion of responders plus 95% confidence
intervals [CIs]) were used to describe the primary objective. Results: Of
the 1043 surveys distributed, 407 were completed giving a 39% response rate.
The results indicated that 9% (95% CI: 6.44-11.93) of PharmD students
acknowledge NMUPS at least once during their pharmacy education.
Additionally, 3% (95% CI: 1.90-5.45) acknowledge NMUPS at least once during
the current pharmacy school year (past 5 months). Nonmedical prescription
stimulant users were 9 times more likely to participate in NMUPS prior to
pharmacy school (P < .0001) and 4.5 times more likely to use other illicit
substances (P = .0076). Conclusion: The study identified the PharmD student
population as high risk of abuse of prescription drug stimulants, which
requires further research and attention. Additionally, there was a clear
upward trend in the prevalence of NMUPS, and this misuse was associated with
other detrimental behaviors. © The Author(s) 2013.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central stimulant agent (pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
drug abuse
drug use
female
human
human experiment
male
normal human
pharmacy
pharmacy student
physician
prevalence
self report
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014278378
MEDLINE PMID
24310525 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24310525)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013508139
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 164
TITLE
Impact of medication and psychological behaviour assessment by community
pharmacists in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after hospital stay
AUTHOR NAMES
Gangwar S.S.
Monisha N.
Nachiya J.
Parimalakrishnan S.
Narasingarao K.
Singh S.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gangwar S.S.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GSVM Medical College,
Kanpur, India.
(Monisha N.; Nachiya J.; Parimalakrishnan S., gsvmssgangwar@rediffmail.com)
Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, India.
(Narasingarao K.) Andhra Yuvathi Mandali, School of Pharmacy, Barkatpura,
Hyderabad, India.
(Singh S.P.) Department of Pharmacology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur,
India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Parimalakrishnan, Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai
Nagar, India.
SOURCE
African Health Sciences (2014) 14:3 (539-550). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1680-6905
BOOK PUBLISHER
Makerere University, Medical School, pic@infocom.co.ug
ABSTRACT
Drug related problem (DRPs) is a key factor which will affect the outcome of
therapy and safety. The aim of the present study is to assess the DRPs in
T2DM patients and psychological aspects of patients by community pharmacists
to observe the rate of DRP. Prospective randomized controlled intervention
study involved T2DM patients and conducted in two community pharmacies at
Kanpur from January 2012 to December 2012. The assessment of DRPs was based
on the PCNE. Changes in HBA1C, LDL, BP, foot examinations,
changes medical and medication utilization were studied. Using as control
group, received usual care, and interventional group provided, intervened
with use of the STG. Researcher provided the knowledge to community
pharmacists and patients. Baseline and interventional data were collected at
0,3,6,9 and 12 months. Over 12 month study, participants’ average
HBA1C reduced from 8.9% at initial visit to 7.5%. During this
time, the eye examination rate was raised from 31% to 48%, and the foot
examination rate was raised from 35% to 50%. It may be concluded that the
intervention of pharmacists showed very less significant influence on any of
the intermediate health outcomes in T2DM.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hemoglobin A1c (endogenous compound)
low density lipoprotein (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diabetic patient
drug induced disease (prevention)
medication compliance
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (therapy)
patient education
pharmacist
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
blood pressure
comorbidity
controlled study
diabetic foot
drug indication
eye examination
female
foot examination
health care utilization
hemoglobin blood level
hospitalization
human
incidence
India
lipoprotein blood level
major clinical study
male
musculoskeletal system examination
outcome assessment
physical examination
professional knowledge
prospective study
randomized controlled trial
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hemoglobin A1c (62572-11-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Endocrinology (3)
Internal Medicine (6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014793658
MEDLINE PMID
25352870 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352870)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v14i3.7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 165
TITLE
Exploring the potential impact of hospital ward-based pharmacy interns on
drug safety
AUTHOR NAMES
Schorr S.G.
Eickhoff C.
Feldt S.
Hohmann C.
Schulz M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schorr S.G.; Eickhoff C.; Feldt S.; Schulz M., schulz@em.uni-frankfurt.de)
Department of Medicine, ABDA - Federal Union of German Associations of
Pharmacists, Berlin, Germany.
(Hohmann C.) Department of Pharmacy, Klinikum Fulda GAG, Fulda, Germany.
(Schulz M., schulz@em.uni-frankfurt.de) Department of Pharmacology,
Goethe-University Frankfurt, Biocenter Niederursel, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Schulz, Department of Medicine, ABDA - Federal Union of German
Associations of Pharmacists, Berlin, Germany. Email:
schulz@em.uni-frankfurt.de
SOURCE
Pharmazie (2014) 69:4 (316-320). Date of Publication: April 2014
ISSN
0031-7144
BOOK PUBLISHER
Govi-Verlag Pharmazeutischer Verlag GmbH
ABSTRACT
Clinical pharmacists play an important role in improving drug safety on
hospital wards. However, little is known about the impact of pharmacy
interns. The objective of our study was, therefore, to investigate the
impact of hospital ward-based pharmacy interns on drug safety. This study
was conducted as part of the project "P-STAT 2: Pharmacy interns on the
ward" on 14 surgical wards in seven hospitals in Germany and a total of 27
pharmacy interns participated. All patients admitted to the participating
wards from 1st June 2008 until 31st October 2008 and from 1st December 2008
till 30th April 2009 were included. The pharmacy interns were involved in
medication reconciliation, and identifying, resolving, and preventing
drug-related problems (DRPs) using the classification system APS-Doc. A
total of 6,551 patients were included. Patients received on average (± SD)
4.4±3.9 drugs. The pharmacy interns detected a total of 4,085 DRPs and on
average 0.6±1.2 DRPs per patient. Most frequently detected DRPs were
potential drug-drug interactions (n=591, 14%), missing drug strength, when
different strengths were available (n=373, 9%), and incomplete medication
record (n=296, 7%). The pharmacy interns conducted an intervention for 98%
(n=4,011) of all DRPs. According to their documentation, 74% of the DRPs
(n=3,038) were solved. Drugs which were most often related with DRPs were
simvastatin, diclofenac, and ibuprofen. This is the very first study
exploring the potential impact of pharmacy interns on drug safety on
surgical wards in Europe. Pharmacy interns can play an important role to
improve drug safety on hospital wards.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid
diclofenac
ibuprofen
levothyroxine
metformin
metoprolol
ramipril
simvastatin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug safety
medical education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
female
health care cost
hospital pharmacy
human
major clinical study
male
medical documentation
medication therapy management
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
thrombosis prevention
ward
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
diclofenac (15307-79-6, 15307-86-5)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1, 79261-49-7, 31121-93-4, 527688-20-6)
levothyroxine (51-48-9)
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
metoprolol (37350-58-6)
ramipril (87333-19-5)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014271707
MEDLINE PMID
24791599 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24791599)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1691/ph.2014.3848
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 166
TITLE
Nonpsychiatric medication interventions initiated by a postgraduate year 2
psychiatric pharmacy resident in a patient-centered medical home
AUTHOR NAMES
Williams A.M.
Dopheide J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Williams A.M.; Dopheide J.A., dopheide@usc.edu) University of Southern
California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, United States.
(Dopheide J.A., dopheide@usc.edu) University of Southern California Keck
School of Medicine, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Dopheide, BCPP, 1985 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (2014) 16:6.
Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1555-211X (electronic)
1523-5998
BOOK PUBLISHER
Physicians Postgraduate Press Inc.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Studies have demonstrated the benefits of incorporating
comprehensive medication management into primary care, but no study
describes the types of nonpsychiatric medication–related interventions
provided by a psychiatric pharmacist while providing comprehensive
medication management. Method: A chart review of Center for Community Health
patients enrolled in the University of Southern California Psychiatric
Pharmacy Clinic, Los Angeles, between July 1, 2013, and January 10, 2014,
was conducted. Progress notes were reviewed to collect medication
recommendations and interventions. The number and types of interventions
were compared between groups based on substance abuse history, comorbid
medical conditions, number of psychiatric diagnoses, and number of
medications. An anonymous survey was distributed to primary care providers
(PCPs) regarding perceptions and attitudes toward a postgraduate year 2
psychiatric pharmacy resident’s interventions pertaining to nonpsychiatric
medications. Results: 177 nonpsychiatric medication interventions were
documented. Fifty interventions required PCP approval, and 45% of those were
accepted. Having a diagnosis of diabetes (P<.0001), hypertension (P<.0001),
gastroesophageal reflux disease (P<.0001), ≥ 9 medications (P<.0001), or ≥ 5
medical diagnoses (P<.0001) were all associated with an increased mean
number of interventions. Of the PCPs, 66% viewed the psychiatric pharmacist
as a resource for addressing medical interventions by providing drug
information. The PCPs were agreeable to having a psychiatric pharmacist
provide drug information and monitor the patient but reported mixed opinions
on whether a psychiatric pharmacist should comanage nonpsychiatric
conditions. Conclusions: Psychiatric pharmacists can successfully
collaborate with PCPs in primary care clinics to provide comprehensive
medication management that optimizes pharmacotherapy for patients with
medical and psychiatric conditions. Continued efforts are needed to promote
interdisciplinary approaches to provide comprehensive medication management
services for patients with both psychiatric and medical disorders.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
early intervention
patient care
postgraduate student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical article
clinical practice
comorbidity
diabetes mellitus
disease association
drug information
gastroesophageal reflux
general practitioner
human
hypertension
Likert scale
medication therapy management
pharmacy student
questionnaire
substance abuse
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015449962
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/PCC.14m01680
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 167
TITLE
Interprofessional pharmacy observation activity for third-year dental
students.
AUTHOR NAMES
Conway S.E.
Smith W.J.
Truong T.H.
Shadid J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Conway S.E., susan-conway@ouhsc.edu; Smith W.J.; Truong T.H.; Shadid J.)
Dr. Conway is Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy: Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy; Dr.
Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.E. Conway, Email: susan-conway@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of dental education (2014) 78:9 (1313-1318). Date of Publication:
Sep 2014
ISSN
1930-7837 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Interprofessional learning is a key component of today's health sciences
education. Within a two-course series in dental pharmacology and
therapeutics, a dental curriculum was revised to provide an
interprofessional activity to expose dental students to a community pharmacy
setting. The objectives of this activity were to augment students' learning
about drug laws and prescription writing, as well as to foster
interprofessional relationships and collaboration between pharmacists and
dentists. Dental students were scheduled for one-hour observations at
community pharmacies on campus. Learning objectives to guide this activity
focused on demonstrating community pharmacy operating procedures,
identifying ways to minimize prescribing and dosing errors, and
understanding how pharmacists can assist dentists in prescribing. Following
the observation, students were required to submit a written assignment,
which accounted for 14 percent of their course grade. All 119 dental
students (100 percent) enrolled in the course for the summers of 2012 and
2013 completed the activity. The average grade on the written assignment was
96.2 out of 100. At the end of the course, students were asked to
participate in an online course evaluation survey, for which response rates
were 37 percent and 43 percent for 2012 and 2013, respectively. The students
rated the pharmacy observation activity favorably on this course evaluation.
The pharmacy observation activity provided a successful interprofessional
component to the didactic pharmacy course and was well received by the
dental students as well as the community pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dental education
dental student
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cooperation
dental pharmacology
drug control
drug dosage form
feedback system
human
interprofessional education
interprofessional learning
medication error (prevention)
medicinal chemistry
methodology
pharmacist
pharmacy
Prescribing
prescription
prescription drug diversion (prevention)
public relations
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
25179928 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25179928)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 168
TITLE
Shallominthe active antimicrobial constituent of persian shallot in
treatment of oral herpes: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
AUTHOR NAMES
Pipelzadeh M.H.
Amin M.
Khozani A.S.
Radmanesh M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pipelzadeh M.H.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Centre,
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Amin M., mnsamin@yahoo.com; Khozani A.S.) Department of Microbiology,
Infection and Tropical Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Radmanesh M.) Department of Dermatology, Laser Research Center, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Amin, Department of Microbiology, Infection and Tropical Diseases
Research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical
Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Email: mnsamin@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2014) 9:3 Article
Number: e17372. Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
2228-7876 (electronic)
1735-7780
BOOK PUBLISHER
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 61357-33184, Ahvaz,
Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: Previous studies showed that shallomin, the active antimicrobial
constituent of Persian shallot, has a wide range of antibacterial and
antifungal properties. Objectives: The objective of this randomized clinical
trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of topical shallomin alcoholic
solution in treatment of cold sore. Patients and Methods: A total of 60
volunteers who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to two
equal groups to hourly apply topical of either 0.5% shallomin alcoholic
solution or placebo within the first 24 hours of developing cold sores. All
the cases were reassessed at six-hour intervals. Results: The cold sores
were cleared within six hours among 30% of cases who received shallomin
solution and the remaining of the cases in this group were cleared between
6six to 24 hours of application. In the placebo group, clearance of the
sores occurred in four cases between 48 to 72 hours and the remaining of
cases were cleared after 72 hours. Conclusions: The results of this study
demonstrated that shallomin is a useful natural remedy in preventing the
progression and treatment of cold sores and can significantly reduce the
duration of ulceration. © 2014, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antivirus agent (clinical trial, drug therapy, topical drug administration)
shallomin (clinical trial, drug therapy, topical drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
herpes labialis (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Allium
Allium hirtifolium
antiviral activity
article
controlled study
double blind procedure
drug efficacy
female
human
major clinical study
male
randomized controlled trial
treatment duration
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Obstetrics and Gynecology (10)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014518276
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 169
TITLE
Inhibitory effect of Berberis vulgaris aqueous extract on acquisition and
reinstatement effects of morphine in conditioned place preferences (CPP) in
mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Imenshahidi M.
Qaredashi R.
Hashemzaei M.
Hosseinzadeh H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Imenshahidi M.) Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical
Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran.
(Qaredashi R.) Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, School of
Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
(Hashemzaei M.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of
Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
(Hosseinzadeh H., hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir) Pharmaceutical Research Center,
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Hosseinzadeh, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Email:
hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir
SOURCE
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2014) 9:3 Article
Number: e16145. Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
2228-7876 (electronic)
1735-7780
BOOK PUBLISHER
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 61357-33184, Ahvaz,
Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: It has been elucidated that Berberis vulgaris (barberry) can
alleviate morphine withdrawal syndrome. Also it has been reported that
aqueous extract of barberry possibly have inhibitory effect on NMDA
receptors. Objectives: In this study, we decided to evaluate the effects of
aqueous extract of B. vulgaris fruit on morphine tendency in mice using
conditioned place preference (CPP) method. Materials and Methods: In
experiment 1 (acquisition phase), mice underwent morphine-induced
conditioned place preference (CPP) training with injections of morphine (40
mg/kg). In experiment 2 (extinction and reinstatement phases), mice
underwent the same CPP training as in experiment 1 and subsequent extinction
training on day 16th a reinstatement by CPP was done by injection of
reminding 10 mg/kg morphine. Results: The administration of morphine (40
mg/kg for four days) produced place preference. In the first method, the
aqueous extract of barberry (200 mg/kg) prevented morphine tendency to white
cell in CPP method. In the second method, after inter-peritoneal injection
of aqueous extracts of barberry at 100 and 200 mg/kg, the animals tendency
toward the white cells of CPP chamber on the sixteenth day (after a reminder
injection of morphine 10 mg/kg) was significantly reduced. Conclusions:
These results show that aqueous extract of barberry can reduce the
acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place
preference. © 2014, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
Medical Sciences.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
berberis vulgaris extract (drug development, drug therapy, intraperitoneal
drug administration)
drugs used in the treatment of addiction (drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
plant extract (drug development, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
morphine sulfate
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine addiction (drug therapy, drug therapy)
place preference
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
article
Berberidaceae
Berberis vulgaris
leukocyte
male
medicinal plant
mouse
nonhuman
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014518275
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 170
TITLE
Thymus daenensis extract and essential oils effects on morphine withdrawal
signs in mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Khodayar M.J.
Taherzadeh E.
Siahpoosh A.
Mansourzadeh Z.
Tabatabaei S.A.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khodayar M.J.) Toxicology Research Center, Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical
Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Taherzadeh E., jkhodayar@yahoo.com; Siahpoosh A.; Mansourzadeh Z.)
Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, School of Pharmacy,
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Tabatabaei S.A.H.) Arvand International Division, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Taherzadeh, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toxicology
Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical
Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Email: jkhodayar@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2014) 9:3 Article
Number: e9959. Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
2228-7876 (electronic)
1735-7780
BOOK PUBLISHER
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 61357-33184, Ahvaz,
Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: Thymus species are well known medicinal plants which the
previous studies suggested the involvement of the opioid system in them.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of methanolic
extract and essential oil of aerial parts of Thymus daenensis (TD), an
endemic aromatic medicinal plant of Iran, on morphine withdrawal syndrome in
mice. Materials and Methods: Experiments were performed in two groups of
five, each group treated with extracts or essential oils of TD. Dependency
was induced by subcutaneous injection of morphine for three consecutive
days. On the fourth day, the last dose of morphine was injected two hours
prior to intraperitoneal injection of naloxone while the extract or
essential oil of TD was administered 30 minutes before naloxone. A period of
20 minutes after naloxone injection was considered the critical period of
the withdrawal syndrome. The number of jumps, standing, leaning, and the
weight of stools were recorded as withdrawal signs. Results: The 200 mg/kg
and 400 mg/kg doses of extract and all doses of essential oil decreased
significantly the number of jumps, standing, leaning and the weight of
stool. Administration of 100 mg/kg of extract only decreased the weight of
stool and had no effect on the other factors. Conclusions: Extract and
essential oil of TD attenuates morphine withdrawal behaviors in mice and may
be useful in alleviating the signs and symptoms of opiate withdrawal
syndrome in human. © 2014, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University
of Medical Sciences.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
essential oil (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
plant extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
Thymus daenensis essential oil (drug comparison, drug development, drug
therapy, intraperitoneal drug administration)
Thymus daenensis extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diazepam
morphine sulfate
naloxone
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
article
controlled study
defecation
diarrhea
jumping
male
medicinal plant
morphine addiction
mouse
nonhuman
standing
Thymus (plant)
Thymus daenensis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diazepam (439-14-5)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014518269
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 171
TITLE
Effect of Trifolium pratense extract on methionine-choline-deficient
diet-induced steatohepatitis in C57BL/6 mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Chen T.
Zhong F.-J.
Hong Y.-M.
Su W.-J.
Zhuang L.-L.
Qiu L.-X.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chen T.; Zhong F.-J.; Hong Y.-M.; Su W.-J.; Zhuang L.-L.; Qiu L.-X.,
qlongxin@tom.com) School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan
364000, China.
(Chen T.; Qiu L.-X., qlongxin@tom.com) Fujian Key Laboratory of Preventive
Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Longyan 364000, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.-X. Qiu, School of Life Sciences, Longyan University, Longyan 364000,
China. Email: qlongxin@tom.com
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (2014) 12:3 (194-198). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
1875-5364 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines Editorial Board, zgtryw@sohu.com
ABSTRACT
Aim: The potential of Trifolium pratense (red clover) extract in the
prevention of lipid disorder has attracted increasing attention in recent
years. In this study, the aim was to determine whether and how red clover
extract affected the development of murine diet-induced non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis. Methods: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis was induced in
C57BL/6 mice by feeding mice with a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological analyses. Real-time
PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels. Results: Hepatic
steatosis and necroinflammation was observed in MCD diet-fed mice, and this
diet-induced steatosis was significantly attenuated, whereas liver
inflammation was not significantly attenuated, by red clover extract
treatment. Consistent with the results of H&E staining, the MCD diet-induced
increase of liver triglycerides and cholesterol levels were significantly
reduced by red clover extract treatment. However, with the improvement in
hepatic steatosis, mRNA levels of acetyl CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyl
transferase-1, and liver fatty acid-binding protein, three genes regulated
by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α, were unaffected.
Conclusion: Red clover extract alleviated MCD diet-induced hepatic
steatosis, but did not ameliorate liver inflammation in C57BL/6 mice, and
the improvement in hepatic steatosis was not through activating PPARα. ©
2014 China Pharmaceutical University.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
choline
methionine
red clover extract (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetyl coenzyme A (endogenous compound)
carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (endogenous compound)
cholesterol (endogenous compound)
eosin
fatty acid binding protein (endogenous compound)
hematoxylin
lipid (endogenous compound)
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (endogenous compound)
triacylglycerol (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nonalcoholic fatty liver (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
article
cholesterol blood level
controlled study
diet
fatty liver
feeding
gene expression
hepatitis
histopathology
lipid liver level
male
mouse
nonhuman
quantitative analysis
real time polymerase chain reaction
staining
treatment duration
triacylglycerol blood level
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(China)rimian
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetyl coenzyme A (72-89-9)
cholesterol (57-88-5)
choline (123-41-1, 13232-47-8, 1927-06-6, 4858-96-2, 62-49-7, 67-48-1)
eosin (17372-87-1, 51395-88-1, 548-26-5)
hematoxylin (517-28-2)
lipid (66455-18-3)
methionine (59-51-8, 63-68-3, 7005-18-7)
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (147258-70-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014222039
MEDLINE PMID
24702805 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24702805)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60032-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 172
TITLE
In vitro growth inhibition study of hydroxyapatite crystals in the presence
of selected herbal extract solutions
AUTHOR NAMES
Parekh B.B.
Jogiya B.V.
Vyas P.M.
Raut A.A.
Vaidya A.B.
Joshi M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Parekh B.B.) School of Petroleum Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum
University, Gandhinagar, India.
(Jogiya B.V.; Vyas P.M.; Joshi M.J.) Crystal Growth Laboratory, Department
of Physics, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India.
(Raut A.A.; Vaidya A.B.) ICMR Advanced Centre of Reverse Pharmacology,
Medical Research Centre, Kasturba Health Society, Vile Parle (West) Mumbai,
India.
SOURCE
Der Pharma Chemica (2014) 6:5 (128-135). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
0975-413X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Scholars Research Library, info@derpharmachemica.com
ABSTRACT
Hydroxyapatite, is the most stable mineral found in body. Hydroxyapatite
crystals were grown by the gel technique in the form of periodic Liesegang
ring patterns. The size of fine crystalline hydroxyapatite was found in
order of microns. The harvested crystals were characterized by Powder X- Ray
Diffraction (XRD). Aqueous, alcoholic, hydro-alcoholic extracts of five
herbs selected based on Reverse Pharmacology (RP) experiential data of
Ayurveda were used for the growth inhibition study of hydroxyapatite
crystallites. These extracts were compared with CaCl(2) (control) solution
to study their effects in terms of the particle size of crystallites, the
total diffusion length in the gel column, the number of rings and the
spacing between two rings. The inhibition in hydroxyapatite crystal growth
by the herbal extracts is reported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Boerhaavia diffusa extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
Boswellia serrata extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
Commiphora wightii extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
hydroxyapatite
plant extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
Rotula aquatica extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
Tribulus terrestris extract (drug analysis, drug comparison)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
calcium chloride (drug comparison)
plant resin
silica gel
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
growth inhibition
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Ayurveda
Borago
Burseraceae
Commiphora wightii
controlled study
crystal structure
drug determination
drug screening
fruit
in vitro study
particle size
plant root
Rotula aquatica
X ray diffraction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium chloride (10043-52-4)
hydroxyapatite (1306-06-5, 51198-94-8)
silica gel (63231-67-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014897518
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 173
TITLE
Tobacco dependence, the most important cardiovascular risk factor: treatment
in the Czech Republic
AUTHOR NAMES
Králíková E.
Kmeťová A.
Štěpánková L.
Zvolská K.
Felbrová V.
Kulovaná S.
Bortlíček Z.
Blaha M.
Fraser K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Králíková E.; Kmeťová A.; Štěpánková L.; Zvolská K.; Felbrová V.; Kulovaná
S.; Bortlíček Z.; Blaha M.; Fraser K.) Institute of Hygiene and
Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General
University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic. eva.kralikova@lf1.cuni.cz
SOURCE
Physiological research / Academia Scientiarum Bohemoslovaca (2014) 63
Supplement 3 (S361-S368). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1802-9973 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Smoking is the most important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Stopping
smoking halves the CV risk. Every clinician should provide a brief
intervention with smokers. Intensive treatment should be available to those
who need it. There are 37 Centers for Tobacco Dependence in the Czech
Republic, which offer treatment including a psychobehavioral intervention
and pharmacotherapy (varenicline, nicotine, bupropion). Czech physicians,
pharmacists and nurses are regularly educated about smoking cessation. We
describe the results of intensive treatment offered by our centers.
Treatment includes screening (1 h), an intervention (2 h), and follow-up
visits during the next 12 months. Among 3532 patients, 34.3 % had
CO-validated abstinence at 12-months (including 489 patients who attended
the screening visit + only the 12-month follow up visit). Among patients who
underwent the intervention, the abstinence rate was 38.2 %. The majority of
patients who underwent the intervention (N=2470) used some form of
pharmacotherapy. After one year, the abstinence rate was 43.4 %, compared to
15.9 % (N=573) without pharmacotherapy. Only 28 % of patients came on the
recommendation of a physician. Despite the decrease in CV risk following
smoking cessation and the effectiveness of treatment, centers are
underutilized.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
procedures
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
cardiovascular disease (epidemiology, prevention)
clinical trial
cohort analysis
Czech Republic
female
follow up
human
male
middle aged
multicenter study
risk factor
smoking
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (epidemiology, therapy)
treatment outcome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
25428741 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25428741)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2016 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 174
TITLE
Life context of pharmacological academic performance enhancement among
university students--a qualitative approach.
AUTHOR NAMES
Hildt E.
Lieb K.
Franke A.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hildt E., hildt@uni-mainz.de) Department of Philosophy, Johannes Gutenberg
University of Mainz, Jakob Welder-Weg 18, D - 55099 Mainz, Germany.
(Lieb K.; Franke A.G.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Hildt, Email: hildt@uni-mainz.de
SOURCE
BMC medical ethics (2014) 15 (23). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1472-6939 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Academic performance enhancement or cognitive enhancement (CE) via stimulant
drug use has received increasing attention. The question remains, however,
whether CE solely represents the use of drugs for achieving better academic
or workplace results or whether CE also serves various other purposes. The
aim of this study was to put the phenomenon of pharmacological academic
performance enhancement via prescription and illicit (psycho-) stimulant use
(Amphetamines, Methylphenidate) among university students into a broader
context. Specifically, we wanted to further understand students'
experiences, the effects of use on students and other factors, such as
pressure to perform in their academic and private lives. A sample of 18
healthy university students reporting the non-medical use of prescription
and illicit stimulants for academic performance enhancement was interviewed
in a face-to-face setting. The leading questions were related to the
situations and context in which the students considered the non-medical use
of stimulants. Based on the resultant transcript, two independent raters
identified six categories relating to the life context of stimulant use for
academic performance enhancement: Context of stimulant use beyond academic
performance enhancement, Subjective experience of enhancement, Timing of
consumption, Objective academic results, Side effects, Pressure to perform.
The answers reveal that academic performance enhancement through the use of
stimulants is not an isolated phenomenon that solely aims at enhancing
cognition to achieve better academic results but that the multifaceted life
context in which it is embedded is of crucial relevance. The participants
not only considered the stimulants advantageous for enhancing academic
performance, but also for leading an active life with a suitable balance
between studying and time off. The most common reasons given for stimulant
use were to maximize time, to increase motivation and to cope with
memorizing. According to the interviews, there is a considerable discrepancy
between subjective experiences and objective academic results achieved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine derivative (drug administration)
central stimulant agent (drug administration)
methylphenidate (drug administration)
nootropic agent (drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology)
student
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cognition
drug effect
educational status
female
human
male
motivation
psychological aspect
qualitative research
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24606831 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24606831)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6939-15-23
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 175
TITLE
Solubility and permeability studies of aceclofenac in different oils
AUTHOR NAMES
Malik M.Z.
Ahmad M.
Minhas M.U.
Munir A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Malik M.Z.; Ahmad M., ma786_786@yahoo.com; Minhas M.U.; Munir A.)
Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab,
Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Ahmad, Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,
63100, Punjab, Pakistan. Email: ma786_786@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014) 13:3 (327-330). Date of
Publication: March 2014
ISSN
1596-9827 (electronic)
1596-5996
BOOK PUBLISHER
University of Benin, editor@tjpr.org
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To measure the extent of solubility of the lipophilic drug,
aceclofenac, in 13 oils as well as its in vitro permeability from these oils
in order to develop optimized topical microemulsion and microemulsion-based
gel for improved bioavailability. Methods: UV spectrophotometeric method was
used at the wavelength of 276 nm to measure the dissolved quantity of
aceclofenac in each of the oils (almond oil, oleic acid, castor oil,
paraffin oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil, canola oil, sesame oil, isopropyl
myristate (ipm), sunflower oil, corn oil, coconuts oil and eucalyptus oil)
at 25 °C. The in-vitro permeability of aceclofenac in each of these oils was
determined at 32 ± 0.5 °C using Franz diffusion cell with phosphate buffer
(pH 7.4) as medium with 0.45 μ cellulose acetate membrane. The solubility
and permeability of aceclofenac were compared with the hydroalcoholic
solution of aceclofenac. Results: The highest solubility values of 9.153 and
8.560 mg/ml for aceclofenac were obtained with almond oil and oleic acid,
respectively (p < 0.05). However the solubility and permeability of
aceclofenac in hydro-alcoholic solution were 150.65 mg/ml and 14.91± 0.05
μg/cm(2)/h, respectively. Aceclofenac also showed higher permeability values
(1.45± 0.04 and 1.21 ± 0.06) in almond oil and oleic acid, respectively,
than in the other oils (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings show that
almond oil and oleic acid are promising vehicles for aceclofenac as its
enhanced solubility and permeability in these vehicles are suggestive of
improved bioavailability. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy,
University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aceclofenac (drug analysis)
oil
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
almond oil
canola oil
castor oil
clove oil
coconut oil
corn oil
drug vehicle
eucalyptus oil
liquid paraffin
myristic acid isopropyl ester
oleic acid
sesame seed oil
sunflower oil
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug solubility
permeability
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
bioavailability
calibration
drug efficacy
human
lipophilicity
ultraviolet spectrophotometry
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Pakistan)Sami Laboratories
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aceclofenac (89796-99-6)
almond oil (8007-69-0)
canola oil (120962-03-0)
castor oil (8001-79-4)
clove oil (8000-34-8)
coconut oil (8001-31-8)
corn oil (8001-30-7)
eucalyptus oil (8000-48-4)
liquid paraffin (8012-95-1)
myristic acid isopropyl ester (110-27-0)
oleic acid (112-80-1, 115-06-0)
sesame seed oil (8008-74-0)
sunflower oil (8001-21-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014239040
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i3.2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 176
TITLE
Anti-urolithiatic activity of Melia azedarach Linn leaf extract in ethylene
glycol-induced urolithiasis in male albino rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Dharmalingam S.R.
Madhappan R.
Chidambaram K.
Ramamurthy S.
Gopal K.
Swetha P.
Kumar K.L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dharmalingam S.R., dsenthilrajan@yahoo.co.in; Chidambaram K.; Ramamurthy
S.) School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
(Madhappan R.; Gopal K.; Swetha P.; Kumar K.L.S.) Department of
Pharmacognosy, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy and Research Institute,
Tamilnadu, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. R. Dharmalingam, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Email: dsenthilrajan@yahoo.co.in
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014) 13:3 (391-397). Date of
Publication: March 2014
ISSN
1596-9827 (electronic)
1596-5996
BOOK PUBLISHER
University of Benin, editor@tjpr.org
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate the anti-urolithiatic activity of the aqueous and
alcoholic extracts of Melia azedarach Linn leaves in calcium oxalate
urolithiasis in male albino rats. Methods: The effect of oral administration
of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Melia azedarach Linn leaves on calcium
oxalate urolithiasis has been investigated. Lithiasis was induced by oral
adminstration of ethylene glycol (0.75%v/v) in male albino rats for 28 days.
Each of the extract (250 mg/kg) was administered orally day 0 as a
prophylactic regimen and from day 15 as a curative regimen. Regular
administration of ethylene glycol caused hyperoxaluria in ethylene
glycol-fed animals, leading to increased renal retention and excretion of
oxalate, calcium and phosphate. Histopathological study, urine microscopy,
serum analysis and biochemical analysis of kidney homogenate were performed.
Results: Oxalate and calcium excretion in urine increased (p < 0.01) to 3.68
± 0.01 and 4.5 ± 0.01 mg/24 h, respectively, in lithiatic control animals
compared to (0.37 ± 0.01 and 1.27 ± 0.12 mg/24 h) for the normal control
group. Treatment with aqueous or ethanol extract (250 mg/kg, p.o.)
significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the elevated levels of calcium, oxalate and
phosphate excretion in urine to 0.79 ± 0.01 and 1.09 ± 0.04 mg/24 h,
respectively. Following treatment with the ethanol extract (250mg/kg), serum
creatinine excretion was restored from 0.95 ± 0.01 mg/24 h to the normal
level of 0.87 ± 0.01 mg/24 h. The results were comparable to those of the
standard drug, allopurinol (50 mg/kg p.o.). Histopathological data for the
kidney supported the foregoing results. Conclusions: The results demonstrate
that the aqueous and ethanol extracts of Melia azedarach Linn leaves have
potent antiurolithiatic activity against ethylene glycol-induced calcium
oxalate urolithiasis in male albino rats. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Melia azedarach extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
drug toxicity, oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
allopurinol (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
calcium oxalate
water
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
urolithiasis (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute toxicity
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
article
blood analysis
controlled study
histopathology
hyperoxaluria
kidney homogenate
male
nonhuman
phytochemistry
plant leaf
rat
urinalysis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
allopurinol (315-30-0)
calcium oxalate (563-72-4)
water (7732-18-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Urology and Nephrology (28)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014239050
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i3.12
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 177
TITLE
Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus assay of azalomycin F(5a)
and its derivatives
AUTHOR NAMES
Yuan G.-J.
Li P.-B.
Yang J.
Pang H.-Z.
Pei Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yuan G.-J., sqlygj@126.com; Yang J.; Pang H.-Z.; Pei Y.) College of
Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang
330045, China.
(Li P.-B.) School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275,
China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.-J. Yuan, College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural
University, Nanchang 330045, China. Email: sqlygj@126.com
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (2014) 12:4 (309-313). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
1875-5364 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines Editorial Board, zgtryw@sohu.com
ABSTRACT
Aim: To discover anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(anti-MRSA) microbial natural products or their derivatives. Method:
Azalomycin F(5a) (1) was prepared through fermentation of Streptomyces
hygroscopicus var. azalomyceticus, and its derivatives were synthesized
through hydrocarbylation in hydrocarbyl alcoholic-AcOH (4: 1) and subsequent
demalonylation with 2 mol·L(-1) KOH in MeOH-H(2)O (7: 3). Their activities
against MRSA ATCC 33592 and three clinical MRSA isolates were evaluated by
the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Results: Four
demalonylazalomycin F(5a) derivatives 2 to 5 were synthesized. The anti-MRSA
activity assay indicated that compounds 1 to 5 showed remarkable activity
against MRSA, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were
respectively 3.0-4.0, 0.5-1.0, 0.67-1.0, 0.67-0.83, and 0.5-0.83 μg·mL(-1).
Conclusion: Azalomycin F(5a) and the demalonylazalomycin F(5a) derivatives
2-5 showed remarkable anti-MRSA activity, and the anti-MRSA activities of 2
to 5 were higher than that of 1, while the anti-MRSA activities of 2 to 5
showed no obvious differences. It was also shown that the malonyl monoester
group of azalomycin F(5a) was less important for its anti-MRSA activity. ©
2014 China Pharmaceutical University.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiinfective agent (pharmacology)
azalomycin (pharmacology)
natural products and their synthetic derivatives (pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
demalonylazalomycin f5a (pharmacology)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antibacterial activity
assay
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agar diffusion
anaerobic fermentation
article
bacterial strain
broth dilution
carbon nuclear magnetic resonance
chemical structure
high performance liquid chromatography
minimum inhibitory concentration
Streptomyces hygroscopicus
synthesis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014361153
MEDLINE PMID
24863359 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24863359)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(14)60061-3
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 178
TITLE
Phytochemical screening and in vitro antifungal activity of camellia
sinensis
AUTHOR NAMES
Inamdar P.
Jelamvazir
Desai S.
Patel D.
Meshram D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Inamdar P., inamdarpriyal@gmail.com; Jelamvazir, jvazir@yahoo.com; Patel
D.; Meshram D.) Department of Quality Assurance, Pioneer Pharmacy Degree
College, Sayajipura, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
(Desai S.) Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology,
Pioneer Pharmacy Degree College, Sayajipura, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Inamdar, Department of Quality Assurance, Pioneer Pharmacy Degree
College, Sayajipura, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Email:
inamdarpriyal@gmail.com
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014) 6:5
(148-150). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
0975-1491 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, 6/1,
Sanjeevani Medical Stores, Shastri Chowk, Sadar Bazar, Sagar,Madhya Pradesh,
India. editor@ijppsjournal.com
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of the present work was to evaluate the phytochemical
composition of Camellia sinensis and to assess the antifungal activities of
Camellia sinensis using in vitro antifungal screening techniques. The
ability of tea plant extract to inhibit the growth of fungal strains is an
indication of its antifungal property that might be used in the management
of fungal infections in future. Methods: Extracts of leaves from the tea
plant Camellia sinensis contain polyphenolic components with activity
against a wide spectrum of microbes. Studies conducted over the last 20
years have shown that the green tea polyphenoliccatechins, in particular
(-)-epigallocatechingallate (EGCg) and (-)-epicatechingallate (ECg), can
inhibit the growth of a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative fungal
species with moderate potency. The leaves were collected from the market and
identified by the Pharmacognosy department of our own college. Phytochemical
analysis revealed the presence flavonoids.The study was carried out on
various species of fungi including Candida albicans(MTCC No.183), Candida
tropicalis (MTCC No.184),and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MTCC No.170)using cup
plate method. The results obtained were compared against standard antibiotic
streptomycin. Results: The aqueous extract is effective against
saccharomyces cerevisiae and very less against Candida albicansand no effect
was found in Candida tropicalis. The alcoholic extract is found effective
against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and very less effect
was seen against Candida tropicalis. Conclusion: The study illustrates that
Camellia sinensis has shown a significant antifungal activity against
various species of fungi like saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans and
very less effect was seen against Candida tropicalis; both in aqueous as
well as methanolic extract. Along with that it is a good source of
Flavonoid.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
green tea extract (drug analysis, drug comparison, drug development)
plant extract (drug analysis, drug comparison, drug development)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alkaloid
amino acid
anthraquinone
carbohydrate
epicatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate
glycoside
protein
saponin
streptomycin (drug comparison)
tannin
terpenoid
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antifungal activity
phytochemistry
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agar diffusion
article
Camellia sinensis
Candida albicans
Candida tropicalis
controlled study
fungicidal activity
growth inhibition
nonhuman
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
solvent extraction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amino acid (65072-01-7)
anthraquinone (84-65-1)
epicatechin gallate (863-03-6)
epigallocatechin gallate (989-51-5)
protein (67254-75-5)
saponin (8047-15-2)
streptomycin (57-92-1)
tannin (1401-55-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014385402
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 179
TITLE
Symptoms-based evaluation of iron deficiency anemia in students of
bahawalpur correlated with their eating habits
AUTHOR NAMES
Shoaib Khan H.M.
Sohail M.
Ali A.
Akhtar N.
Khan H.
Rasool F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shoaib Khan H.M.; Sohail M.; Ali A., ajmaline2000@gmail.com; Khan H.)
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
(Ali A., ajmaline2000@gmail.com; Akhtar N.; Rasool F.) Department of
Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100 Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Ali, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. Email: ajmaline2000@gmail.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014) 13:5 (769-772). Date of
Publication: May 2014
ISSN
1596-9827 (electronic)
1596-5996
BOOK PUBLISHER
University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. editor@tjpr.org
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To conduct a symptoms-based evaluation of iron deficiency anemia
(IDA) in university and colleges students of Bahawalpur-Pakistan and
correlate the data with their eating habits. Methods: A cross-sectional
survey was accomplished using a questionnaire for the assessment of IDA
among 500 students enrolled in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur and two
affiliated colleges in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Symptoms-based evaluation was
carried out to obtain the results. Results: The results showed that 41.2%
(206 students) of the 500 students were anemic. The proportion of anemic
females and males was 65.53% (135) and 34.46% (71), respectively. Of the 206
students, 96.11% (198) were below the age of 25 years, 83.96% (173) in
official hostels, 52.42% (108) belonged to families of average socioeconomic
status, 77.18% (159) suffer from short-term memory, and 47.08% (97) were
unaware of IDA. The most commonly observed symptoms were flattened brittle
nails, dizziness, and fatigue after physical activity, 88.83% (183);
presence or absence of glosittis 87.37% (180); ringing in the ears, 84.46%
(174); headache, 62.62% (129); frequent minor infections, 46.60% (96);
shortness of breath, 40.29% (83); taste disturbance, 35.92% (74); ice
cravings, 22.33% (46); and angular stomatitis 18.97% (39). Conclusion: An
unexpectedly large number of female students exhibit symptoms of IDA due to
poor nourishment. Findings from this survey can be used in awareness
programs to increase academic performance in young adults and to eliminate
IDA. © Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin,
Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
eating habit
iron deficiency anemia (epidemiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cross-sectional study
dizziness
dyspnea
fatigue
female
glossitis
headache
human
infection
male
nail disease
prevalence
questionnaire
short term memory
social status
socioeconomics
stomatitis
taste disorder
tinnitus
withdrawal syndrome
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Hematology (25)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014385302
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i5.17
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 180
TITLE
Advancing the pharmacy practice model in a community teaching Hospital by
expanding student rotations
AUTHOR NAMES
Delgado O.
Kernan W.P.
Knoer S.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Delgado O., delgado@ccf.org; Kernan W.P.) Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston,
United States.
(Knoer S.J.) Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Delgado, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2014) 71:21 (1871-1876). Date of
Publication: 1 Nov 2014
ISSN
1535-2900 (electronic)
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy
ABSTRACT
Summary: In 2011, Cleveland Clinic Florida (CCF) implemented a pharmacy
practice model change with the goal of providing all inpatients quality
pharmaceutical care while still providing key specialty clinical pharmacy
services. An LLM was initiated in which pharmacists supervise pharmacy
residents and students in a team format in which students are used as
pharmacist extenders. CCF partnered with local and regional colleges of
pharmacy to increase the number of advanced pharmacy practice experience
student rotations at CCF. Students are given accountability for a specific
number of patient beds based on their rotation. They are required to perform
medication histories, education on drug indication and adverse effects,
discharge counseling, targeted disease counseling, and profile review for
drug-related problems for their patients. After the implementation of this
model, improvements were observed in Hospital Consumer Assessment of
Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores (58% versus 70%,
respectively), pharmacy interventions per patient per day (0.9 versus 1.4,
respectively), and bedside medication delivery capture rate (48% versus 65%,
respectively).Conclusion: The implementation of an LLM and partnering with
local colleges of pharmacy have improved pharmacy practice at CCF by
allowing pharmacy students to work as pharmacist extenders in providing
comprehensive pharmacy services to many patients who would not otherwise be
reached. This approach has improved HCAHPS scores within the "communication
of medication" domain, increased overall patient interventions, and allowed
expansion of CCF's discharge prescription program. © 2014, American Society
of Health-System Pharmacists, IncPurpose: The implementation, benefits, and
outcomes of a layered learner model (LLM) using pharmacy students as
pharmacist extenders are described.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antibiotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carbapenem derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
protocol compliance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
advisory committee
antibiotic sensitivity
article
certification
checklist
Clostridium difficile infection
health care need
health care planning
hospital infection
human
infection prevention
physician
training
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014905363
MEDLINE PMID
25320137 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25320137)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp130624
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 181
TITLE
Extinction of drug seeking: Neural circuits and approaches to augmentation
AUTHOR NAMES
Mcnally G.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mcnally G.P., g.mcnally@unsw.edu.au) University of New South Wales, School
of Psychology, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.P. Mcnally, University of New South Wales, School of Psychology, Sydney,
NSW 2052, Australia. Email: g.mcnally@unsw.edu.au
SOURCE
Neuropharmacology (2014) 76:PART B (528-532). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
0028-3908
1873-7064 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Extinction training can reduce drug seeking behavior. This article reviews
the neural circuits that contribute to extinction and approaches to
enhancing the efficacy of extinction. Extinction of drug seeking depends on
cortical-striatal-hypothalamic and cortical-hypothalamic-thalamic pathways.
These pathways interface, in the hypothalamus and thalamus respectively,
with the neural circuits controlling reinstatement of drug seeking. The
actions of these pathways at lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons, and of
perifornical/dorsomedial hypothalamic derived opioid peptides at kappa
opioid receptors in the paraventricular thalamus, are important for
inhibiting drug seeking. Despite effectively reducing or inhibiting drug
seeking in the short term, extinguished drug seeking is prone to relapse.
Three different strategies to augment extinction learning or retrieval are
reviewed: pharmacological augmentation, retrieval - extinction training, and
provision of extinction memory retrieval cues. These strategies have been
used in animal models and with human drug users to enhance extinction or cue
exposure treatments. They hold promise as novel strategies to promote
abstinence from drug seeking. This article is part of a Special Issue
entitled 'NIDA 40th Anniversary Issue'. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
kappa opiate receptor (endogenous compound)
opiate peptide (endogenous compound)
orexin (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug seeking behavior
nerve cell network
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
brain cortex
brain nerve cell
corpus striatum
drug efficacy
extinction training
hypothalamus
learning
memory
paraventricular thalamic nucleus
priority journal
relapse
review
thalamus
training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013697403
MEDLINE PMID
23774135 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774135)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 182
TITLE
Quitting patterns and predictors of success among participants in a tobacco
cessation program provided by pharmacists in New Mexico
AUTHOR NAMES
Shen X.
Bachyrycz A.
Anderson J.R.
Tinker D.
Raisch D.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shen X.) University of Maryland Baltimore, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore,
MD, United States.
(Bachyrycz A.) Teaching Faculty, University of New Mexico, College of
Pharmacy, United States.
(Bachyrycz A.) Walgreens Patient Care Center, Albuquerque, NM, United
States.
(Anderson J.R.; Raisch D.W., draisch@salud.unm.edu) University of New
Mexico, College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
(Tinker D.) New Mexico Pharmaceutical Care Foundation, United States.
(Tinker D.) New Mexico Pharmacists Association, Albuquerque, NM, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.W. Raisch, Pharmaceutical Policy and Outcomes Research, College of
Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC 09 5360,
Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States. Email: draisch@salud.unm.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2014) 20:6 (579-587). Date of Publication:
2014
ISSN
1083-4087
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), tfaggen@amcp.org
ABSTRACT
Background: Tobacco use causes hundreds of thousands of deaths in the United
States each year. Pharmacists are available in the community to provide
tobacco cessation interventions. Between 2004 and 2010, the New Mexico
Pharmaceutical Care Foundation (NMPCF) provided a pharmacistled tobacco
cessation program to residents in New Mexico. Objectives: To (a) obtain
point prevalence quit rates at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-up for
participants enrolled in the NMPCF program; (b) differentiate between the
quitting patterns of enrolled participants; and (c) identify predictors
associated with the quitting patterns. Methods: Seven-year data were
combined for the pattern analysis. Four quitting patterns were defined,
including immediate quitters, delayed quitters, once quitters, and never
quitters. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify
characteristics of participants with different quitting patterns. Results:
The analysis included 1,437 participants. The average point prevalence quit
rate at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months was 29.3%, 23.3%, and 18.0%,
respectively. Based on our definition for quitting patterns, the study
sample consisted of 145 (10.1%) immediate quitters, 113 (7.9%) delayed
quitters, 298 (20.7%) once quitters, and 881 (61.3%) never quitters.
Multinomial logistic regression identified associations between quitting
patterns and demographics, tobacco use and restrictions, baseline confidence
in successful quitting, and pharmacotherapy aids used to quit. Relationships
varied between quitting patterns. Conclusions: The study findings showed
that having community pharmacists provide smoking cessation interventions
resulted in quitting success rates similar to other health care
professionals, which ranged from 9.9% to 26.0%. Since pharmacists are a
widely available resource for their patients, managed care organizations may
be able to improve the health, and avoid subsequent tobacco-related adverse
health outcomes, of their members by implementing a program similar to the
NMPCF Tobacco Cessation Program. © 2014, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
varenicline (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
female
health care personnel
human
major clinical study
male
managed care organization
nicotine replacement therapy
outcome assessment
prevalence
smoking cessation program
tobacco dependence (drug therapy)
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014350956
MEDLINE PMID
24856596 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24856596)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 183
TITLE
Heteromeric dopamine receptor signaling complexes: Emerging neurobiology and
disease relevance
AUTHOR NAMES
Perreault M.L.
Hasbi A.
O'dowd B.F.
George S.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Perreault M.L.; Hasbi A.; O'dowd B.F.; George S.R., s.george@utoronto.ca)
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON,
Canada.
(Perreault M.L.; Hasbi A.; O'dowd B.F.; George S.R., s.george@utoronto.ca)
Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(George S.R., s.george@utoronto.ca) Department of Medicine, University of
Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.R. George, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto,
Toronto, ON, Canada. Email: s.george@utoronto.ca
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 39:1 (156-168). Date of Publication: January
2014
ISSN
1740-634X (electronic)
0893-133X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The pharmacological modification of dopamine transmission has long been
employed as a therapeutic tool in the treatment of many mental health
disorders. However, as many of the pharmacotherapies today are not without
significant side effects, or they alleviate only a particular subset of
symptoms, the identification of novel therapeutic targets is imperative. In
light of these challenges, the recognition that dopamine receptors can form
heteromers has significantly expanded the range of physiologically relevant
signaling complexes as well as potential drug targets. Furthermore, as the
physiology and disease relevance of these receptor heteromers is further
understood, their ability to exhibit pharmacological and functional
properties distinct from their constituent receptors, or modulate the
function of endogenous homomeric receptor complexes, may allow for the
development of alternate therapeutic strategies and provide new avenues for
drug design. In this review, we describe the emerging neurobiology of the
known dopamine receptor heteromers, their physiological relevance in brain,
and discuss the potential role of these receptor complexes in
neuropsychiatric disease. We highlight their value as targets for future
drug development and discuss innovative research strategies designed to
selectively target these dopamine receptor heteromers in the search for
novel and clinically efficacious pharmacotherapies. © 2014 American College
of Neuropsychopharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dopamine 1 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 2 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 3 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 5 receptor (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid B receptor (endogenous compound)
G protein coupled receptor (endogenous compound)
histamine H3 receptor (endogenous compound)
ligand
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
neurobiology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
allosterism
attention deficit disorder
cognitive defect
dopaminergic system
dopaminergic transmission
nonhuman
oligomerization
priority journal
protein protein interaction
review
schizophrenia
signal transduction
upregulation
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Psychiatry (32)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013800228
MEDLINE PMID
23774533 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23774533)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.148
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 184
TITLE
Cognitive impairment in cocaine users is drug-induced but partially
reversible: Evidence from a longitudinal study
AUTHOR NAMES
Vonmoos M.
Hulka L.M.
Preller K.H.
Minder F.
Baumgartner M.R.
Quednow B.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vonmoos M., matthias.vonmoos@bli.uzh.ch; Hulka L.M.; Preller K.H.; Minder
F.; Quednow B.B., quednow@bli.uzh.ch) Experimental and Clinical
Pharmacopsychology, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and
Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31,
Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland.
(Baumgartner M.R.) Center of Forensic Hairanalytics, Institute of Forensic
Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Vonmoos, Experimental and Clinical Pharmacopsychology, Department of
Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital,
University of Zurich, Lenggstrasse 31, Zurich CH-8032, Switzerland. Email:
matthias.vonmoos@bli.uzh.ch
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2014) 39:9 (2200-2210). Date of Publication: August
2014
ISSN
1740-634X (electronic)
0893-133X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Cocaine users consistently display cognitive impairments. However, it is
still unknown whether these impairments are cocaine-induced and if they are
reversible. Therefore, we examined the relation between changing intensity
of cocaine use and the development of cognitive functioning within 1 year.
The present data were collected as part of the longitudinal Zurich Cocaine
Cognition Study (ZuCo(2) St). Forty-eight psychostimulant-naive controls and
57 cocaine users (19 with increased, 19 with decreased, and 19 with
unchanged cocaine use) were eligible for analysis. At baseline and after a
1-year follow-up, cognitive performance was measured by a global cognitive
index and four neuropsychological domains (attention, working memory,
declarative memory, and executive functions), calculated from 13 parameters
of a broad neuropsychological test battery. Intensity of cocaine use was
objectively determined by quantitative 6-month hair toxicology at both test
sessions. Substantially increased cocaine use within 1 year (mean +297%) was
associated with reduced cognitive performance primarily in working memory.
By contrast, decreased cocaine use (-72%) was linked to small cognitive
improvements in all four domains. Importantly, users who ceased taking
cocaine seemed to recover completely, attaining a cognitive performance
level similar to that of the control group. However, recovery of working
memory was correlated with age of onset of cocaine use - early-onset users
showed hampered recovery. These longitudinal data suggest that cognitive
impairment might be partially cocaine-induced but also reversible within 1
year, at least after moderate exposure. The reversibility indicates that
neuroplastic adaptations underlie cognitive changes in cocaine users, which
are potentially modifiable in psychotherapeutical or pharmacological
interventions. © 2014 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
psychostimulant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognitive defect
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptation
adult
article
cognition
control group
controlled study
declarative memory
female
follow up
hair analysis
human
longitudinal study
major clinical study
male
nerve cell plasticity
onset age
priority journal
quantitative analysis
toxicology
working memory
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014480655
MEDLINE PMID
24651468 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24651468)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2014.71
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 185
TITLE
Assessing student pharmacists' ability to identify drug-related problems in
patients within a patient-centered medical home.
AUTHOR NAMES
Armor B.L.
Bulkley C.F.
Truong T.
Carter S.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Armor B.L.; Bulkley C.F.; Truong T.; Carter S.M.) The University of
Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.L. Armor,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2014) 78:1 (6). Date of
Publication: 12 Feb 2014
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To quantify, describe, and categorize patient drug-related problems (DRPs)
and recommendations identified by fourth-year (P4) student pharmacists
during a live medication reconciliation activity within a patient-centered
medical home (PCMH). Fourth-year student pharmacists conducted chart
reviews, identified and documented DRPs, obtained live medication histories,
and immediately provided findings and recommendations to the attending
physicians. Documentation of DRPs and recommendations were analyzed
retrospectively. Thirty-eight students completed 99 medication
reconciliation sessions from June 2011 to October 2012 during their advanced
pharmacy practice experience (APPE). The students obtained 676 patient
medication histories and identified or intervened on 1308 DRPs. The most
common DRPs reported were incomplete medication list and
diagnostic/laboratory testing needed. Physicians accepted 1,018
(approximately 78%) recommendations. Student pharmacists successfully
identified and reduced DRPs through a live medication reconciliation process
within an academic-based PCMH model. Their medication history-taking skills
improved and medication use was optimized.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction (diagnosis, therapy)
clinical competence
medication compliance
patient care
pharmacy student
professional standard
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Adverse drug effects
article
drug-related problems
human
medication therapy management
methodology
patient-centered medical home
primary medical care
retrospective study
standard
student pharmacist
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24558274 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24558274)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7816
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 186
TITLE
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic evaluation of single- and
multiple-ascending doses of a novel kappa opioid receptor antagonist
LY2456302 and drug interaction with ethanol in healthy subjects
AUTHOR NAMES
Lowe S.L.
Wong C.J.
Witcher J.
Gonzales C.R.
Dickinson G.L.
Bell R.L.
Rorick-Kehn L.
Weller M.
Stoltz R.R.
Royalty J.
Tauscher-Wisniewski S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lowe S.L., lowe_stephen@lilly.com) Lilly-NUS Centre for Clinical
Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
(Wong C.J.; Witcher J.; Gonzales C.R.; Dickinson G.L.; Bell R.L.;
Rorick-Kehn L.; Tauscher-Wisniewski S.) Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly
Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
(Lowe S.L., lowe_stephen@lilly.com; Wong C.J.; Witcher J.; Gonzales C.R.;
Dickinson G.L.; Bell R.L.; Rorick-Kehn L.; Weller M.; Stoltz R.R.; Royalty
J.; Tauscher-Wisniewski S.) InVentiv Health Clinical, Ann Arbor, MI, United
States.
(Stoltz R.R.; Royalty J.) Covance Clinical Research Unit, Inc., Evansville,
IN, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.L. Lowe, Lilly-NUS Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, National University
of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Email: lowe_stephen@lilly.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 54:9 (968-978). Date of Publication:
September 2014
ISSN
1552-4604 (electronic)
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., subscrip@blackwellpub.com
ABSTRACT
Accumulating evidence indicates that selective antagonism of kappa opioid
receptors may provide therapeutic benefit in the treatment of major
depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders.
LY2456302 is a high-affinity, selective kappa opioid antagonist that
demonstrates >30-fold functional selectivity over mu and delta opioid
receptors. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of LY2456302
were investigated following single oral doses (2-60mg), multiple oral doses
(2, 10, and 35mg), and when co-administered with ethanol. Plasma
concentrations of LY2456302 were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem
mass spectrometry method. Safety analyses were conducted on all enrolled
subjects. LY2456302 doses were well-tolerated with no clinically significant
findings. No safety concerns were seen on co-administration with ethanol. No
evidence for an interaction between LY2456302 and ethanol on cognitive-motor
performance was detected. LY2456302 displayed rapid oral absorption and a
terminal half-life of approximately 30-40hours. Plasma exposure of LY2456302
increased proportionally with increasing doses and reached steady state
after 6-8 days of once-daily dosing. Steady-state PK of LY2456302 were not
affected by coadministration of a single dose of ethanol. No clinically
important changes in maximum concentration (C(max)) or AUC of ethanol (in
the presence of LY2456302) were observed. © 2014, The American College of
Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
kappa opiate receptor antagonist (clinical trial, drug dose,
pharmacokinetics)
ly 2456302 (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol (drug combination, drug interaction)
placebo
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug safety
drug tolerability
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
anxiety
article
cognition
controlled study
crossover procedure
diarrhea (side effect)
double blind procedure
drug absorption
drug blood level
drug dose increase
female
headache (drug therapy)
human
liquid chromatography
major clinical study
male
middle aged
motor performance
randomized controlled trial
single drug dose
tandem mass spectrometry
viral upper respiratory tract infection (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
ly 2456302
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014524996
MEDLINE PMID
24619932 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24619932)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.286
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 187
TITLE
Managing alcohol problems in general practice in Europe: Results from the
European ODHIN survey of general practitioners
AUTHOR NAMES
Anderson P.
Wojnar M.
Jakubczyk A.
Gual A.
Segura L.
Sovinova H.
Csemy L.
Kaner E.
Newbury-birch D.
Fornasin A.
Struzzo P.
Ronda G.
Van steenkiste B.
Keurhorst M.
Laurant M.
Ribeiro C.
Do rosário F.
Alves I.
Scafato E.
Gandin C.
Kolsek M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Anderson P., ajakubczyk@wum.edu.pl; Kaner E.; Newbury-birch D.) University
of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, Newcastle, United Kingdom.
(Anderson P., ajakubczyk@wum.edu.pl; Ronda G.; Van steenkiste B.) Maastricht
University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
(Wojnar M.; Jakubczyk A.) Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of
Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
(Gual A.) Fundacio Privada Clinic per a la Recerca Biomèdica/Hospital
Clinico i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
(Segura L.) Generalitat De Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
(Sovinova H.; Csemy L.) The National Institute of Public Health, Prague,
Czech Republic.
(Fornasin A.) Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Statistiche, Università
degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy.
(Struzzo P.) Centro Regional di Formazione per l'Area dlle Cure Primarie,
Monfalcone, Italy.
(Keurhorst M.; Laurant M.) Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen,
Netherlands.
(Laurant M.) HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
(Ribeiro C.; Do rosário F.; Alves I.) General-Diretorate for Intervention on
Addictive Behaviours and Dependencies, Lisbon, Portugal.
(Scafato E.; Gandin C.) Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy.
(Kolsek M.) Department of Family Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of
Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Anderson, Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw,
Nowowiejska 27, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland. Email: ajakubczyk@wum.edu.pl
SOURCE
Alcohol and Alcoholism (2014) 49:5 (531-539) Article Number: agu043. Date of
Publication: September 2014
ISSN
1464-3502 (electronic)
0735-0414
BOOK PUBLISHER
Oxford University Press, jnl.info@oup.co.uk
ABSTRACT
Aims: To document the attitudes of general practitioners (GPs) from eight
European countries to alcohol and alcohol problems and how these attitudes
are associated with self-reported activity in managing patients with alcohol
and alcohol problems. Methods: A total of 2345 GPs were surveyed. The
questionnaire included questions on the GP's demographics, reported
education and training on alcohol, attitudes towards managing alcohol
problems and self-reported estimates of numbers of patients managed for
alcohol and alcohol problems during the previous year. Results: The
estimated mean number of patients managed for alcohol and alcohol problems
during the previous year ranged from 5 to 21 across the eight countries. GPs
who reported higher levels of education for alcohol problems and GPs who
felt more secure in managing patients with such problems reported managing a
higher number of patients. GPs who reported that doctors tended to have a
disease model of alcohol problems and those who felt that drinking was a
personal rather than a medical responsibility reported managing a lower
number of patients. Conclusion: The extent of alcohol education and GPs'
attitudes towards alcohol were associated with the reported number of
patients managed. Thus, it is worth exploring the extent to which improved
education, using pharmacotherapy in primary health care and a shift to
personalized health care in which individual patients are facilitated to
undertake their own assessment and management (individual responsibility)
might increase the number of heavy drinkers who receive feedback on their
drinking and support to reduce their drinking. © The Author 2014. Medical
Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
general practitioner
physician attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
early intervention
educational status
Europe
female
general practice
health care delivery
health survey
human
male
medical ethics
primary health care
priority journal
self concept
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014541566
MEDLINE PMID
25031247 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25031247)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agu043
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 188
TITLE
An investigation of strategies enhancing the public health role of community
pharmacists: A review of knowledge and information
AUTHOR NAMES
Agomo C.O.
Ogunleye J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Agomo C.O., c.agomo@ucl.ac.uk) Department of Practice and Policy, UCL
School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom.
(Agomo C.O., c.agomo@ucl.ac.uk; Ogunleye J.) Institute for Work Based
Learning, Middlesex University (Hendon Campus), London, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.O. Agomo, Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39
Brunswick Square, London, WC1N-1AX, United Kingdom. Email: c.agomo@ucl.ac.uk
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research (2014) 5:2 (135-145).
Date of Publication: June 2014
ISSN
1759-8893 (electronic)
1759-8885
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, customerservices@oxonblackwellpublishing.com
ABSTRACT
Objective: The study aims to review the literature about strategies that can
enhance the public health role of community pharmacists in the UK; and to
identify main themes emerging from the literature as well as identify gaps
there from. Methods: Relevant literature from both the UK and overseas was
identified, through electronic database searches. The search was limited to
the period from January 2007 to May 2012. Key findings: There are numerous
opportunities for community pharmacists in public health. Following the
review of knowledge and information, a wide range of strategies that could
help enhance the public health role of community pharmacists in the UK were
identified. The dominant themes included strategies to enhance the public
health role of community pharmacists through: enhancing the effectiveness of
communication techniques of students and pharmacists; advancing pharmacy
practice experience of students in public health; enhancing the public
health content of pharmacy curricula; managing legitimate medication needs
of the public to identify/prevent drug-related problems; as well as
promoting patients' self-management capacities. Conclusions: Although a wide
range of strategies that could help enhance the public health role of
community pharmacists in the UK were identified, there were, however, gaps
in the UK evidence base. There is a need to enhance, among other things, the
public health training and skills of pharmacists, enabling the development
of a mixed market in community pharmacy practice by contracting public
health services directly to individual pharmacists, as well as pharmacists
using newer technologies, including the social media, to enhance public
health practice. JPHSR © 2014 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
public health service
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education program
evidence based practice
experience
human
information processing
interpersonal communication
medical student
priority journal
professional competence
professional knowledge
professional practice
self care
social media
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014332696
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jphs.12056
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 189
TITLE
Component analysis of Iranian crack; A newly abused narcotic substance in
Iran
AUTHOR NAMES
Farhoudian A.
Sadeghi M.
Vishteh H.R.K.
Moazen B.
Fekri M.
Movaghar A.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Farhoudian A.; Vishteh H.R.K.) Iranian Research Center for Substance Abuse
and Dependence, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science,
Tehran, Iran.
(Sadeghi M., msadeghi_md@yahoo.com) IRSA Center for Psychology and Addiction
Study, Tehran, Iran.
(Moazen B.) Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and
Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Moazen B.) Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and
Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Fekri M.; Movaghar A.R.) Bahar Laboratory of Toxicology, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Sadeghi, IRSA Center for Psychology and Addiction Study, Tehran, Iran.
Email: msadeghi_md@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2014) 13:1 (337-344). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
1726-6890 (electronic)
1735-0328
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, info@ijpr-online.com
ABSTRACT
Iranian crack is a new form of narcotic substance that has found widespread
prevalence in Iran in the past years. crack only nominally resembles crack
cocaine as it is widely different in its clinical signs. Thus the present
study aims to quantify the chemical combination of this drug. The samples
included 18 specimen of crack collected from different zones of Tehran,
Iran. All specimens were in the form of inodorous cream solid powdery
substance. TLC and HPLC methods were used to perform semi-quantitative and
quantitative analysis of the components, respectively. The TLC analysis
showed no cocaine compound in the specimens while they all revealed to
contain heroin, codeine, morphine and caffeine. All but two specimens
contained thebaine. None of the specimens contained amphetamine,
benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, aspirin, barbiturates, tramadol
and buprenorphine. Acetaminophen was found in four specimens. HPLC revealed
heroin to be the foundation substance in all specimens and most of them
contained a significant amount of acetylcodeine. The present analysis of the
chemical combination of crack showed that this substance is a heroin-based
narcotic which is basically different from the cocaine-based crack used in
Western countries. Studies like the present one at different time points,
especially when abnormal clinical signs are detected, can reveal the
chemical combination of the target substance and contribute to the clinical
management of its acute or chronic poisoning. © 2014 by School of Pharmacy
Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylcodeine
caffeine
codeine
diamorphine
morphine
paracetamol
thebaine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
chemical analysis
high performance liquid chromatography
Iran
quantitative analysis
thin layer chromatography
DEVICE MANUFACTURERS
(Japan)Shimadzu
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylcodeine (6703-27-1)
caffeine (58-08-2)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
thebaine (115-37-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014441317
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 190
TITLE
Impact of the Pharmacist Medication Review Services on Drug-Related Problems
and Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing of Renally Cleared Medications in
Residents of Aged Care Facilities
AUTHOR NAMES
Gheewala P.A.
Peterson G.M.
Curtain C.M.
Nishtala P.S.
Hannan P.J.
Castelino R.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gheewala P.A., Pankti.Gheewala@utas.edu.au; Peterson G.M.; Curtain C.M.;
Castelino R.L.) School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, Australia.
(Nishtala P.S.) School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New
Zealand.
(Hannan P.J.) Meditrax, Sydney, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.A. Gheewala, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, Australia.
SOURCE
Drugs and Aging (2014) 31:11 (825-835). Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
1179-1969 (electronic)
1170-229X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer International Publishing
ABSTRACT
Background: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are common in aged care facilities
and few studies have been conducted to determine the impact of the
pharmacist-conducted medication review services. Studies determining the
prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and data regarding inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications in aged care facilities in
Australia are also lacking.Objectives: To investigate the number and nature
of DRPs identified and recommendations made by pharmacists in residents of
aged care facilities. To determine the prevalence of CKD and estimate the
magnitude of inappropriate prescribing of renally cleared medications in
residents of aged care facilities.Methods: DRPs identified and
recommendations made by pharmacists were classified using the adapted
version of the DOCUMENT classification system. The modification of diet in
renal disease formula was used to estimate the prevalence of CKD, and the
Cockcroft–Gault formula was used to estimate the magnitude of inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications.Results: Over 98 % of residents
of aged care facilities had at least one DRP. Most (83.8 %) recommendations
made by accredited pharmacists to resolve DRPs were accepted by general
practitioners. CKD was prevalent in 48 % of residents, and inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications was identified in 28 (16 %)
residents with CKD.Conclusions: DRPs are common in aged care facilities and
the impact of medication review services appears to be high. CKD is also
common among residents of aged care facilities, and inappropriate
prescribing of renally cleared medications was also prevalent, warranting
attention to regular renal function monitoring and appropriate drug and dose
selection in residents of aged care facilities.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
creatinine (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic kidney disease (epidemiology)
inappropriate prescribing
medication therapy management
pharmacist
renal clearance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
aged hospital patient
article
creatinine blood level
diet
drug surveillance program
elderly care
female
general practitioner
human
major clinical study
male
medical documentation
prevalence
resident
retrospective study
very elderly
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
creatinine (19230-81-0, 60-27-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Urology and Nephrology (28)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015639312
MEDLINE PMID
25187228 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25187228)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40266-014-0208-y
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 191
TITLE
Educational needs, practice patterns and quality indicators to improve
geriatric pharmacy care
AUTHOR NAMES
Zou D.
Tannenbaum C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zou D.; Tannenbaum C., cara.tannenbaum@umontreal.ca) Université de
Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Tannenbaum, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. Email:
cara.tannenbaum@umontreal.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2014) 147:2 (110-117). Date of Publication:
March 2014
ISSN
1913-701X (electronic)
1715-1635
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Pharmacists Association, 1785 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa, Canada.
ABSTRACT
Background: As the population ages and pressureincreases to reduce adverse
drug reactionsand drug-related hospitalizations in the elderly,there will be
a growing demand for pharmaciststo competently take on shared responsibility
foreffective and safe prescribing in older adults.Methods: A cross-sectional
postal survey was distributedto 3927 hospital and community
pharmacistsacross Québec about their educationalneeds and practice patterns
in geriatric care. Perceptionsof different quality performance
indicatorswere sought. Modifiable factors associatedwith higher performance
were determined usingunivariate logistic regression.Results: Seven hundred
six pharmacists (18%)completed the survey. Less than 50% were awareof the
prevalence of polypharmacy, inappropriateprescribing, drug-related
hospitalizations or fallsin the geriatric population. Forty-one percentof
community pharmacists and 74% of hospitalpharmacists acknowledged
familiarity with theBeers criteria of drugs to avoid in the elderly.
Thelikelihood of screening for inappropriate prescriptionswas 2.96 (95%
confidence interval =1.97-4.47) among pharmacists familiar with theBeers
criteria and 2.24 (95% confidence interval =1.50-3.34) among those who
received continuinggeriatric education in the workplace. On
average,pharmacists reported having time to conductdetailed medication
reviews in 30% of their olderpatients. The 2 quality indicators of geriatric
carethat were ranked most pertinent were being ableto track the number of
patients requiring hospitalizationfor drug-related problems and
monitoringrates of inappropriate prescriptions. Ninety-sixpercent of
respondents desired continuing educationabout geriatric care.Conclusion:
Exposure to continuing education in geriatric pharmacotherapy in the
workplace is themost consistent determinant of professional performance to
improve drug outcomes in the elderly. © The Author(s) 2014.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
geriatric care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
awareness
cross-sectional study
drug safety
education
health care practice
health care quality
health care survey
human
knowledge
patient satisfaction
polypharmacy
practice guideline
prescription
treatment refusal
work experience
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014272859
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1715163514521378
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 192
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care as a strategy to improve the safety and effectiveness of
patients' pharmacotherapy at a pharmacy school: A practical proposal
AUTHOR NAMES
Chemello C.
de Souza F.
Patricio E.S.
Farias M.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chemello C., clachemello@yahoo.com.br; Farias M.R.) Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of
Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
(de Souza F.) University Hospital of Federal University of Santa Catarina
Professor Polydoro Ernani de Sao Thiago, Florianopolis, Brazil.
(Patricio E.S.) Biochemistry Department, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Chemello, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Health
Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina Flori-anopolis, Campus
Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. Email:
clachemello@yahoo.com.br
SOURCE
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014) 50:1 (185-193). Date of
Publication: 2014
ISSN
2175-9790 (electronic)
1984-8250
BOOK PUBLISHER
Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas (Biblioteca), bjps@usp.br
ABSTRACT
Several patients experience at least one drug-related problem and
Pharmaceutical Care can change this reality. This work describes a model for
structuring the pharmaceutical care service at a pharmacy training unit of
the Brazilian Public Health System based on pharmacotherapy follow-up
program of Parkinson's disease patients' results. From the follow-up results
(phase 1), a Therapy Management Scheme was designed (phase 2). Of the 57
patients followed-up, 30 presented at least one drug-related problem and 42%
were non-adherent to treatment, which supported the need of pharmacotherapy
management. The Pharmacotherapy Management Scheme was proposed as a
pharmaceutical care service model, which presents 6 steps: first, the
pharmacist fills out the dispensing form and assesses patient́s
pharmacotherapy, if there is a suspect problem, he is invited to the
follow-up (steps 1 and 2) and they agree the first appointment. After that,
pharmacist studies the patient's case (study phase, steps 3 and 4). At the
second meeting, the pharmacist proposes the intervention needed, and at the
third, assesses the intervention results and new problems (steps 5 and 6,
respectively). The process ends when all therapeutics outcomes are reached.
This practical model can significantly contributed to the development and
organization of pharmaceutical care services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiparkinson agent (drug therapy)
benserazide plus levodopa (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
carbidopa plus levodopa (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
case study
clinical evaluation
clinical pharmacy
clinical protocol
constipation (side effect)
drug efficacy
female
follow up
hallucination (side effect)
human
major clinical study
male
Parkinson disease (disease management, drug therapy)
patient care
patient compliance
patient safety
pharmacist attitude
process model
public health service
quality of life
treatment refusal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benserazide plus levodopa (37270-69-2)
carbidopa plus levodopa (57308-51-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014331769
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502011000100019
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 193
TITLE
Off-label use and designation of age groupspecific contraindications for
pharmacotherapy in children in Korea
AUTHOR NAMES
Park M.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Park M.S., minspark@yuhs.ac) Department of Pediatrics and Department of
Clinical Pharmacology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of
Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.S. Park, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology,
Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South
Korea.
SOURCE
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology (2014) 22:2 (58-63) Article Number:
A004. Date of Publication: 2014
ISSN
2289-0882
BOOK PUBLISHER
Korean Society Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
ABSTRACT
Children should be treated with medicines that have been tested for efficacy
and safety in the given age groups. In reality the majority of drugs being
used in children lack such information, inevitably leading to the “off-label
use.” Over decades there have been concerns regarding risk of adverse
effects with such off-label uses. However, in most countries rational
application of off-label uses have not been prohibited, since it may be the
only available and perhaps the best possible treatment option. In contrast,
in an effort to minimize such use and per se ‘protect’ children from
possible harm associated with it, Korea has launched “Drug Utilization
Review” system, which included age group-specific contraindications, based
on the labeling information approved by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety.
The problem lies in the definition and scope of ‘contraindication.’ Lack of
evidence for safety and concern for risk of serious adverse drug reactions
are the basis for contraindication. This leads to branding of off-label uses
as contraindications in certain age groups. This policy is restricting the
already scarce treatment options and suffocating the initiative for
developing better pharmacotherapy for children. We should learn from other
countries that have travailed more to provide better medicines to children.
Clinical trials of new drugs as well as existing drugs in pediatric
populations are strongly encouraged. Simple prohibition of off-label use is
not the answer, but rather systematized management of off-label use as well
as conduct of clinical trials in pediatric age groups must be encouraged and
supported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
atropine
benzyl alcohol
ciprofloxacin
fentanyl
levofloxacin
lorazepam
new drug
pancuronium
phenobarbital
phenytoin
prescription drug
terbutaline
venlafaxine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug contraindication
drug indication
off label drug use
pediatrics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Australia
child
drug information
drug labeling
drug safety
drug use
drug utilization
human
Netherlands
practice guideline
United States
DRUG TRADE NAMES
effexor xr
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
atropine (51-55-8, 55-48-1)
benzyl alcohol (100-51-6)
ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
terbutaline (23031-25-6)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2015425366
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.12793/tcp.2014.22.2.58
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 194
TITLE
Understanding the medication experiences of Thai patients attending a
medication therapy management clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Sakthong P.
Winit-Watjana W.
Sakulbumrungsil R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sakthong P., phantipa.s@chula.ac.th) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
(Winit-Watjana W.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical
Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(Sakulbumrungsil R.) Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy,
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Sakthong, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chulalongkorn University,
Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. Email:
phantipa.s@chula.ac.th
SOURCE
Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014) 38:1 (21-27). Date of
Publication: January - March 2014
ISSN
1905-4637 (electronic)
0125-4685
BOOK PUBLISHER
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road,
Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand. tjps@chula.ac.th
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to explore Thai patients' medication experiences in five
domains, i.e., attitudes, understanding, expectations and wants, concerns,
and convenience of medicine use. This cross-sectional descriptive study was
carried out using a qualitative interview with some quantitative queries in
patients attending the Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Clinic of the
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Chulalongkorn University between
October 2010 and March 2011. The eligibility criteria included adults aged
over 20, taking medication continuously for at least three months,
understanding the Thai language with no cognitive impairments, and willing
to participate in the study. Eligible patients were interviewed face-to-face
using open-ended questions about their medication experiences in five
domains. All data were coded and analyzed using a content analysis and
descriptive statistics. A convenience sample of 25 patients completed the
study. Their mean age was 56.9 ± 13.5 years (range: 24 - 79) and slightly
more than half (52 %) were female. The most common diseases from which they
suffered were hypertension (84 %), hyperlipidemia (52 %), and diabetes (16
%). Almost all of them disliked taking their medicines, but did it owing to
perceived necessity. Most patients did not know about the medicine
side-effects, followed by the medicine names, strengths, and goals of
treatment. They mostly expected that their medications should relieve the
symptoms or cure the diseases and were concerned about the adverse effects.
Additionally, the majority reported it was convenient to take their
medicines. Patients' medication experiences in various domains are crucial
for drug therapy and pharmaceutical care. These could help identify, prevent
and resolve patients' drug -related problems from their own perspectives.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
enalapril (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
hypocholesterolemic agent (adverse drug reaction)
vitamin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medication therapy management
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
attitude to health
comprehension
content analysis
coughing (side effect)
cross-sectional study
descriptive research
diabetes mellitus
diet supplementation
drug cost
drug indication
drug use
drug withdrawal
expectation
female
herbal medicine
human
hyperlipidemia
hypertension (drug therapy)
male
open-ended questionnaire
patient participation
physical activity
pilot study
rhabdomyolysis (side effect)
Thai (people)
treatment duration
vitamin supplementation
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
enalapril (75847-73-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014539286
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 195
TITLE
Abuse liability of flupirtine revisited: Implications of spontaneous reports
of adverse drug reactions
AUTHOR NAMES
Gahr M.
Freudenmann R.W.
Connemann B.J.
Hiemke C.
Schonfeldt-Lecuona C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gahr M., maximilian.gahr@uni-ulm.de; Freudenmann R.W.; Connemann B.J.;
Schonfeldt-Lecuona C.) Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III,
University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 12-14, Ulm 89075, Germany.
(Hiemke C.) Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical
Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Gahr, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm,
Leimgrubenweg 12-14, Ulm 89075, Germany. Email: maximilian.gahr@uni-ulm.de
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2013) 53:12 (1328-1333). Date of
Publication: December 2013
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Rd, Chiswell Green Ln,
Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Early studies suggested that the centrally acting non]opioid and
non]steroidal analgesic flupirtine (FLP) has no potential for abuse.
However, FLPLs agonistic effects at the GABAA receptor might prime addictive
behaviors, and literature provides some anecdotal reports on FLP
abuse/dependence. To shed more light on this topic we acquired and evaluated
data obtained from a national German pharmacovigilance database. We analyzed
all reports of FLP abuse/dependence that were recorded in the database of
the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM). A total
of n.48 reports of FLP abuse/dependence could be identified (mean age 45
years, 62.5% female). First reports were submitted to BfArM in 1991 with
increasing numbers of annual reports from the year 2006 on. Mean daily FLP
dosage was 805 mg (range 200.3,000 mg). Current or previous substance abuse/
dependence was reported in 21% and 17%, respectively. Mean duration of FLP
abuse/dependence until report to BfArM was 23 months (range 1.84 months).
Withdrawal syndromes after discontinuation of FLP were reported in n.9
(19%). Our findings strengthen the hypothesis that FLP features a potential
to cause addictive behaviors. Female sex, age 40 years, and long]term
FLP]treatment may be possible risk factors for the development of FLP
abuse/dependence. © 2013, The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
flupirtine (pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid A receptor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
data base
drug surveillance program
human
medical device
review
risk factor
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
flupirtine (56995-20-1, 75507-68-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014066597
MEDLINE PMID
24037995 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24037995)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.164
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 196
TITLE
High-alert medications in pediatrics hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Bataille J.
Joret P.
Prot-Labarthe S.
Bourdon O.
Brion F.
Hartmann J.-F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bataille J.; Joret P.; Prot-Labarthe S.; Bourdon O.; Brion F.) APHP,
Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
(Bataille J.; Joret P.; Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Pharmacie Clinique, Université
Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
(Bourdon O.; Brion F.) Laboratoire Education et Pratiques de Santé,
Université Paris XIII, Bobigny, Paris, France.
(Hartmann J.-F.) Coordonnateur de La Gestion Des Risques AssociéS Aux Soins,
CLIN/CVRiS Resp. du Manag. De La Qualite de La Prise En Charge
MeDicamenteuse, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Bataille, APHP, Pharmacie, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Paris, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:6 (1321). Date of
Publication: December 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
42nd ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Implementation of Pharmacy
Practice
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prague, Czech Republic
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-16 to 2013-10-18
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: High-alert medications have the highest risk of
causing injury when misused. Errors on high-alert medications occur at the
same rate compared to usual medicine. Pediatric population itself is at high
risk of drug misuse. The aim of this study is to identify clinicians, nurses
and pharmacists perceptions of high-alert medications and to develop a
pediatrics specific high-alert medications list. Setting and Method: A three
step process was set: (1) review of literature, (2) electronic survey was
sent to clinicians (seniors and residents), registered nurses, young nurses
and pharmacists working in a pediatric university French hospital. They
suggested their top ten highalert medications and the medication which was
the most frequently involved. They were asked the type of errors they have
already encountered and to describe the consequences of the misuse. Results
were compared to the Institute for Safe Medications Practices list and
Franke&al PICU-specific, high-alert medications list. (3) consensus of
experts who approved a list of high-alert medications for the hospital. Main
outcome measures: Obtain a pediatrics specific high-alert medications list.
Results: The review of literature pinpoints four documentary sources 27
medication classes and 63 specific medications. Only one study has
identified a pediatric intensive care unit, specific high-alert medications
in the United States (US). The response survey rate was 20 % and nurses were
the most represented category. The number of medicines listed fluctuate form
3-10. The consensus list was composed of 17 medication classes and specific
medications such as adrenaline aerosol, amiodarone, anticoagulants and
antimalarial drugs. The complete table will be presented in the final
poster. Conclusions: Four medications weren't identified on the Institute
for Safe Medications Practices list and the PICU-specific, high-alert
medications list: injectable acetaminophen, quinine and derivates, magnesium
sulfate and adrenaline aerosol. This difference could be due to diversity of
practice between France and US (incidence of pathology, habit of care and
specific commercialized medicine). Currently, no pediatrics' specific
high-alert medications list was described in France and only one in the US.
The diffusion of the list can sensibilise the nursing staff to the drugs
they have to be aware of. A national study has to be conducted in other
pediatrics' hospital to confirm these results.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adrenalin
amiodarone
anticoagulant agent
antimalarial agent
magnesium sulfate
paracetamol
quinine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
hospital
pediatrics
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aerosol
consensus
diffusion
drug misuse
France
habit
human
injury
intensive care unit
nurse
nursing staff
pathology
pharmacist
population
registered nurse
risk
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9886-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 197
TITLE
Promoting direct patient care services at community pharmacies through
advanced pharmacy practice experiences
AUTHOR NAMES
Kassam R.
Kwong M.
Collins J.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kassam R., rosemin.kassam@ubc.ca) Structured Practice Education Program,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia,
Vancouver BC, Canada.
(Kwong M.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
(Collins J.B.) Department of Educational Studies, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Kassam, Structured Practice Education Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada. Email:
rosemin.kassam@ubc.ca
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 21:6 (368-377). Date of
Publication: December 2013
ISSN
0961-7671
2042-7174 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, 1 Lambeth High Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Objectives To determine the relative benefits of three different models of
advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in successfully integrating the
delivery of direct patient care into students' final year community pharmacy
clerkships. Methods All fourth-year pharmacy students at the University of
British Columbia were divided into one of three study arms for their
community APPE: a 2 × 4-week rotation in a traditional format, a 1 × 8-week
rotation where their preceptors had experienced a 2-day education course and
a 1 × 8-week rotation with both preceptor education plus a 5-day pre-APPE
in-store orientation and peer debriefing. Key findings All 123 students
conducted patient consultations and documented their care. Students in the
pre-APPE + preceptor education arm provided nearly double the number of
direct patient consultations than did students in the
preceptor-education-only arm or the traditional 2 × 4-week arm. Numbers of
drug-related problems identified and interventions performed per patient
consult did not differ across study arms. Conclusions Pre-APPE orientation
activities provided an enhanced learning environment, promoted greater
student engagement, provided care to more patients, increased preceptor
preparedness and enhanced in-store patient-centred care practice. Certain of
these learning activities can also form part of third- and fourth-year
introductory pharmacy practice experiences to prepare students for their
final-year APPE. © 2013 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient care
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
consultation
human
medical education
medical practice
pharmacy student
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013711863
MEDLINE PMID
23419050 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23419050)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12016
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 198
TITLE
The patient's medication experience as the root of drug therapy problems in
patients with type 2 diabetes
AUTHOR NAMES
Aguiar P.M.
Brito G.C.
Lyra Jr. D.P.
Storpirtis S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Aguiar P.M.; Storpirtis S.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
(Brito G.C.; Lyra Jr. D.P.) College of Pharmacy, Federal University of
Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.M. Aguiar, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:6 (1322-1323). Date of
Publication: December 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
42nd ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Implementation of Pharmacy
Practice
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prague, Czech Republic
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-16 to 2013-10-18
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: In order to ensure effective, patientcentered
medication management, the pharmacists should incorporate the perspectives
and needs of patients into their clinical judgment and decision-making
processes. The medication experience is different for each individual
patient and can shape patients' behaviors regarding their medications; it
might lead to the development of drug therapy problems (DTPs). Thus, the
purpose of this study was to identify the DTPs rooted in patients'
medication experiences. Setting and Method: A 10-month prospective study of
medication management was conducted at Metabolic Diseases Clinic, University
Hospital of São Paulo, Brazil. Patients were enrolled if they had been
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, were aged 40 to 79 years and presented
glycosylated hemoglobin greater than 7 %. The pharmaceutical interviews were
conducted face-to-face after the medical appointments, along with remote
support by telephone. Pharmacist performed monitoring of DTPs and examined
if the patients' medication experiences (e.g., values, desires, and fears
associated with care and treatment) could influence their development. The
most likely causes of DTPs, as well as possible solutions, were discussed
with each patient. Main outcome measures: The number of DTPs rooted in
patients' medication experiences identified/resolved by the clinical
pharmacist. Results: Of the 40 patients enrolled, the mean age was 61.5
years (± 7.7), and 67.5 % were female. All patients presented at least one
DTP. A total of 143 DTPs were documented and 49 (34.3 %) of these were
rooted in patients' medication experiences. The adherence was the DTP more
frequently (36; 73.5 %) related with subjective experiences reported by
patients, such as doubts the need for the medications (21; 42.9 %) and does
not like to take medications (10; 20.4 %).The main clinical pharmacist's
interventions consisted of educate on health condition and/or medication and
work to prioritize health goals, sharing how the medication can fit those
goals. Of the total number of these DTPs 39 (79.6 %) were resolved through
dialogue and agreement with the patient. Conclusions: In our study, the
medication experience influenced patients' attitudes and medication-taking
behavior and it may be sometimes considered the root cause of DTPs. The
understanding of the medication experience was vital to assess patients'
needs and for planning interventions in the care process.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
glycosylated hemoglobin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
human
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
patient
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Brazil
decision making
fear
female
health
hospital
interview
medication therapy management
metabolic disorder
monitoring
pharmacist
planning
prospective study
telephone
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9886-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 199
TITLE
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of self medication among
medical and engineering students at Mgm institute
AUTHOR NAMES
Katlam S.
Divya S.
Ray I.
Deshmukh Y.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Katlam S.; Divya S.; Ray I.; Deshmukh Y.A.) Department of Pharmacology, MGM
Medical College, Kamothe, Navi Mumbai, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Katlam, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Kamothe, Navi
Mumbai, India.
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Pharmacology (2013) 45 SUPPL. 1 (S258-S259). Date of
Publication: December 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
46th Annual Conference of the Indian Pharmacological Society, IPSCON 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bangalore, India
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-12-16 to 2013-12-18
ISSN
0253-7613
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objective: Self medication may results in wastage of resources, drug
resistance, dependence, prolonged suffering and serious health hazards. The
study was undertaken to determine the pattern and reasons for self
medication among medical students as compared to their age matched
non-medical professional groups. Materials and Methods: The cross sectional
study was conducted among Medical and Engineering students using a pretested
semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed and results were
expressed as percentages. Results: A total of 126 medical students and 100
engineering students were surveyed. The common ailments for which self
medication were used in medical students were fever (89%) , common cold
(84%), headache (83%) and in engineering were common cold (73%), headache
(71%), Cough (65%). The most common drug class used for self medication were
Antipyretic (70%), Analgesic (65%), Antibiotics (57%) among medical students
and Antibiotics (34%), Cough suppressants (34%), Analgesics (20%) among
engineering students. Medical students consulted their family (73%), Medical
books (49%), old prescription (30%) whereas engineering students consulted
family (56%) , pharmacists (33%), friends (25%) for self medication. The
reasons cited for self medication among medical students were mild illness
(76%), know which drug to take (56%), urgency (43%) and mild illness (48%),
and time saving (29%), general well being(25%) among engineering students.
54% respondents among medical students and 15% engineering students had
knowledge of drugs. Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication among
medical students is higher as compared to engineering students. This is
facilitated by the easy availability of drugs, information from textbooks
and medical background of their parents.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
antibiotic agent
antipyretic agent
antitussive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
engineering
human
Indian
self medication
society
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
book
common cold
coughing
cross-sectional study
diseases
drug resistance
fever
friend
headache
health hazard
medical student
parent
pharmacist
prescription
prevalence
structured questionnaire
wellbeing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 200
TITLE
Legislative initiatives and review of abuse-deterrent opioid formulations
AUTHOR NAMES
Ng K.E.
Ahmed E.
Saad M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ng K.E.; Ahmed E.; Saad M.) College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St.
John's University, Queens, NY, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY,
United States.
SOURCE
U.S. Pharmacist (2013) 38:10 (21-26). Date of Publication: 2013
ISSN
0148-4818
BOOK PUBLISHER
Jobson Publishing Corporation, 100 Avenue of the Americas, New York, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Opioid analgesics are the mainstay treatment of moderate-to-severe pain.
However, opioids carry a risk of misuse, abuse, and death, and recently have
become a public health challenge. In response to the steady increase in
opioid abuse, pressure has been growing on pharmaceutical companies to
develop prescription opioid formulations that help deter abuse while
remaining readily accessible for pain management. This article discusses
some of the novel abuse-deterrent formulation methods, including aversion,
physical barrier, and agonist-antagonist. It also addresses some of the
legislative initiatives and the role of pharmacists in providing education
to health care professionals and patients as well as increasing their
awareness of prescription opioid misuse and abuse. Pain is a significant
public health problem in the United States. It is estimated that over 100
million people in the U.S. live with chronic pain, a prevalence that is
greater than heart disease, diabetes, and cancer combined.(1) The
consequences of unrelieved pain are associated with reduced quality of life
and are estimated to cost society over $635 billion annually.(1) Pain is
recognized as a disorder, and is associated with many psychosocial
conditions, including depression, decreased appetite, and insomnia.(2).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate (drug therapy, pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
naloxone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug formulation
legal aspect
opiate addiction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
chronic pain (drug therapy)
drug surveillance program
human
pain (drug therapy)
pharmacist
prescription
risk assessment
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013689062
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 201
TITLE
New technologies for examining the role of neuronal ensembles in drug
addiction and fear
AUTHOR NAMES
Cruz F.C.
Koya E.
Guez-Barber D.H.
Bossert J.M.
Lupica C.R.
Shaham Y.
Hope B.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cruz F.C.; Koya E.; Guez-Barber D.H.; Bossert J.M.; Lupica C.R.; Shaham Y.;
Hope B.T., bhope@intra.nida.nih.gov) Intramural Research Program, National
Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview
Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
(Koya E.) School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1
9QH, United Kingdom.
(Guez-Barber D.H.) Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
19104, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.T. Hope, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse,
National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224,
United States. Email: bhope@intra.nida.nih.gov
SOURCE
Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2013) 14:11 (743-754). Date of Publication:
November 2013
ISSN
1471-003X
1471-0048 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Correlational data suggest that learned associations are encoded within
neuronal ensembles. However, it has been difficult to prove that neuronal
ensembles mediate learned behaviours because traditional pharmacological and
lesion methods, and even newer cell type-specific methods, affect both
activated and non-activated neurons. In addition, previous studies on
synaptic and molecular alterations induced by learning did not distinguish
between behaviourally activated and non-activated neurons. Here, we describe
three new approaches-Daun02 inactivation, FACS sorting of activated neurons
and Fos-GFP transgenic rats-that have been used to selectively target and
study activated neuronal ensembles in models of conditioned drug effects and
relapse. We also describe two new tools-Fos-tTA transgenic mice and
inactivation of CREB-overexpressing neurons-that have been used to study the
role of neuronal ensembles in conditioned fear. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers
Limited.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
allatostatin
baclofen
beta galactosidase (endogenous compound)
cocaine
daunorubicin
diamorphine
diphtheria toxin
muscimol
protein fos (endogenous compound)
transcription factor FosB (endogenous compound)
yohimbine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
fear
nerve cell
nerve cell characteristics and functions
neuronal ensemble
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal tissue
apoptosis
article
association
basolateral amygdala
brain electrophysiology
brain slice
cell death
comparative study
conditioned reflex
confocal microscopy
controlled study
dentate gyrus
drug effect
drug exposure
drug seeking behavior
drug self administration
drug use
epifluorescence microscopy
flow cytometry
fluorescence activated cell sorting
gene expression
globus pallidus
immunohistochemistry
instrumental conditioning
lateral amygdala
learning
locomotion
memory
mouse
nerve cell plasticity
nonhuman
nucleus accumbens
optogenetics
orbital cortex
phenotype
place preference
prefrontal cortex
priority journal
promoter region
relapse
reward
sensitization
synaptic efficacy
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
allatostatin (110119-33-0)
baclofen (1134-47-0)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
daunorubicin (12707-28-7, 20830-81-3, 23541-50-6)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
muscimol (2763-96-4)
yohimbine (146-48-5, 65-19-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013669529
MEDLINE PMID
24088811 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24088811)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn3597
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 202
TITLE
Pharmacists' role in the continued care of patients under opiate
substitution treatment
AUTHOR NAMES
Messaadi N.
Pansu A.
Cohen O.
Cottencin O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Messaadi N., nassirme@hotmail.com) Département de Médecine Générale,
Faculté Henri Warembourg, Université Lille Nord de France, 59045 Lille
Cedex, France.
(Pansu A.) Maison Médicale Moulins, Lille, France.
(Cohen O.) Pharmacien, Lille, France.
(Cottencin O.) Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Lille,
Lille, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Messaadi, Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté Henri Warembourg,
Université Lille Nord de France, 59045 Lille Cedex, France. Email:
nassirme@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Therapie (2013) 68:6 (393-400). Date of Publication: November-December 2013
ISSN
0040-5957
1958-5578 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
EDP Sciences, 17 Avenue du Hoggar - BP 112, Les Ulis Cedex A, France.
ABSTRACT
Context. In France, over 170 000 persons benefit from opiate substitution
treatment. The treatment delivery is most often assured by community
pharmacies spread out throughout the territory. The aim of this study is to
better know the continued care of individuals treated by methadone or
high-dose buprenorphine in community pharmacies in Lille (North of France).
Method. This was a cross-sectionnal descriptive study with hand-delivered
questionnaires. All pharmacies (n=65) in Lille were included. Results.
Fifty-eight of pharmacies (89%) responded to the suvey and 55 of them (95%)
followed patients treated by opiate substitution treatment. Addiction was
considered as an illness by 53 of pharmacists (91%). Confidential
discussions could only be conducted at one of every two treatment delivery
work station. Conclusion. Pharmacists are active in the continued care of
individuals treated by opiate substitution treatment. They have a privileged
relationship with the general practitioner. A rearrangement of pharmacies'
premises could foster the development of therapeutic patient education
within the pharmacy. © 2013 Société Française de Pharmacologie et de
Thérapeutique.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate substitution treatment
patient care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cross-sectional study
descriptive research
drug dependence
drug megadose
France
human
patient education
priority journal
questionnaire
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014006611
MEDLINE PMID
24246120 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24246120)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2515/therapie/2013059
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 203
TITLE
Storage, disposal, and utilization of opioids among cancer outpatients
AUTHOR NAMES
Reddy A.S.
De La Cruz M.G.J.
Rodriguez E.M.
Thames J.
Wu J.
Chisholm G.B.
Liu D.
Frisbee-Hume S.
Cantu H.
Marin A.
Gayle V.
Shinn N.
Xu A.
Williams J.L.
Yennurajalingam S.
Hui D.
Bruera E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reddy A.S.; De La Cruz M.G.J.; Rodriguez E.M.; Thames J.; Wu J.; Chisholm
G.B.; Liu D.; Frisbee-Hume S.; Cantu H.; Marin A.; Gayle V.; Shinn N.; Xu
A.; Williams J.L.; Yennurajalingam S.; Hui D.; Bruera E.) University of
Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.S. Reddy, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013) 31:31 SUPPL. 1. Date of Publication: 1
Nov 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
ASCO's Quality Care Symposium 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Diego, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-11-01 to 2013-11-02
ISSN
0732-183X
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Clinical Oncology
ABSTRACT
Background: Prescription opioid abuse is an epidemic in the US. Of the
abusers, 75% obtain the opioid from a friend or relative, which may be
related to improper opioid storage and disposal practices. Our aim was to
determine patients' practices of opioid use, storage, and disposal. Methods:
We surveyed 300 cancer outpatients presenting to our Supportive Care Center
who were receiving opioids for at least 1 month and collected information
regarding opioid use, storage, and disposal along with patient
characteristics and scores on Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (CAGE)
questionnaire for alcoholism. Sharing or losing their opioids was defined as
an unsafe use. Results: The median age of the patients was 57 years; 53%
were female, 72% were white, and 63% were married. Most (89%) had advanced
cancer, and lung cancer was the most common (22%). CAGE was positive in 19%,
9% had history of illicit drug use, and 36% lived with adult/young adult
children. Of the 300 respondents, 19% stored opioids in the open, 69% kept
opioids hidden but unlocked, and 9% locked their opioids. Patients with
history of CAGE positivity (P=.007), illicit drug use (.0002), smoking
(P=.03), and those living with adult children (P=.004) were more likely to
keep their opioids locked. 66% were unaware of proper opioid disposal
methods. 46% had unused opioids at home. 53% did not routinely dispose
opioids, of whom 44% saved them for future use. 26% indulged in unsafe use
by sharing (9%) or losing (17%) their opioids, and 44% informed their family
and friends that they were on pain medications. 39% were unaware that their
opioid could be fatal when taken by others. Compared with married patients,
those who were never married [OR=2.92; 95% CI 1.48-5.77], separated
[OR=11.38; 1.52-112.5], or divorced [OR=1.27; 0.55-2.91] had higher odds of
unsafe use (P=.006). CAGE positivity (40% vs. 21%, P=.003) and illicit drug
use (42% vs. 23%, P=.031) were also significant predictors of unsafe use.
Conclusions: An alarming proportion of patients improperly and unsafely use,
store, and dispose of opioids. Patient education by physicians/pharmacists
and creation of more drug take back programs may reduce availability of
prescription opioids for potential abuse. More research is needed in this
area.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
neoplasm
outpatient
storage
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adult child
advanced cancer
alcoholism
divorced person
drug therapy
drug use
epidemic
eye
female
friend
lung cancer
married person
pain
patient
patient education
prescription
questionnaire
smoking
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 204
TITLE
Overdosed paracetamol (acetaminophen) prescriptions and subsequent
pharmacist interventions in French hospitals
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Prescriptions surdosées en paracétamol (acétaminophéne) et interventions
subséquentes du pharmacien dans les hôpitaux français
AUTHOR NAMES
Charpiat B.
Bedouch P.
Rose F.X.
Juste M.
Roubille R.
Conort O.
Allenet B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Charpiat B., bruno.charpiat@chu-lyon.fr; Bedouch P.; Allenet B.) CNRS,
TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Themas, Joseph-Fourier University, Grenoble 1, Domaine
de la Merci, 38706 La Tronche cedex, France.
(Charpiat B., bruno.charpiat@chu-lyon.fr) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 103,
Grande-rue-de-la-Croix-Rousse, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France.
(Rose F.X.) Pharmacy department, EPSM-Morbihan, 56896 Saint-Avé, France.
(Juste M.) Pharmacy department, Auban-Moët hospital, 51205 Épernay, France.
(Roubille R.) Pharmacy department, Lucien-Hussel hospital, 38209 Vienne,
France.
(Conort O.) Pharmacy department, Cochin hospital, AP-HP, 75879 Paris,
France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Charpiat, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Themas, Joseph-Fourier University,
Grenoble 1, Domaine de la Merci, 38706 La Tronche cedex, France. Email:
bruno.charpiat@chu-lyon.fr
SOURCE
Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises (2013) 71:6 (410-417). Date of
Publication: November 2013
ISSN
0003-4509
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Masson SAS, 62 rue Camille Desmoulins, Issy les Moulineaux Cedex,
France.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Little is known about the manner in which hospital pharmacists
intervene for overdosed paracetamol prescriptions. The aim of this
retrospective study was to describe the number and nature of pharmacists'
interventions (PIs) for overdosed paracetamol adult prescriptions in
hospitals. Methods: We studied PIs that had been documented by pharmacists
on the French Society of Clinical Pharmacy website tool between 2007 and
2010. We identified PIs that were related to paracetamol-containing
prescriptions of one brand name only (type 1) particularly for patients with
body weight ≤. 50. kg who were prescribed 4. g/day, and PIs that concerned
the co-prescription of two paracetamol-containing products (type 2).
Results: Among 60 hospitals, seven did not report any paracetamol
overdose-related PIs. Of the 53 hospitals that had at least one PI, 16 did
not report any type 1 PIs. Bodyweight, liver disease, cirrhosis and chronic
alcoholism were absent recorded criterions by most of the hospitals included
in this study. Discussion: Previously published studies have highlighted
that the most frequent PIs are type 1, especially for patients whose body
weight is ≤. 50. kg. We observed a broad variability in the number or type
of PI that were related to overdosed paracetamol prescriptions compared with
the total of all recorded types of PI. These data suggest that a significant
number of hospital pharmacists are unaware of the risks that adult patients
with low body weight are exposed to when receiving four grams
paracetamol/day over several days. Conclusion: Pharmacist educational
programs are needed. © 2013.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
paracetamol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug overdose
hospital care
pharmacist
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
article
body weight
clinical pharmacy
drug safety
France
human
liver cirrhosis
medical society
retrospective study
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
paracetamol (103-90-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
French, English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013716888
MEDLINE PMID
24206593 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24206593)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2013.08.010
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 205
TITLE
The evaluation of prescription dispensing scores of the pharmacy students
before and after the problem-based "rational drug use" course: Results of
the two years' experience
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Eczaci{dotless}li{dotless}k fakültesi öǧrencilerinin reçete
karşi{dotless}lama skorlari{dotless}ni{dotless}n deǧerlendirilmesiiki
yi{dotless}lli{dotless}k deneyimin sonuçlari{dotless}
AUTHOR NAMES
Toklu H.Z.
Demirdamar R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com) Marmara University, School of Pharmacy,
Istanbul, Turkey.
(Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com; Demirdamar R.) Near East University,
Nicosia, Cyprus.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Z. Toklu, Marmara University, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey.
Email: haletoklu@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal (2013) 17:3 (175-180). Date of Publication:
2013
ISSN
1309-0801 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Marmara University, Haydarpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacists have a crucial role in promoting rational use of drugs.
Therefore, pharmacy schools should prepare a realistic program that is
competent with the changing role of the pharmacist. Pharmacy education
should provide ability for critical thinking, improve problem-solving skills
and decision making during pharmacotherapy. Problem-based pharmacotherapy
teaching methods help pharmacy students gain the skill to implement
theoretical knowledge into practice. The present study evaluates the
efficacy of a problem based "rational drug use course" in the pharmacy
curriculum of Near East University and reviews the results of this two year
experience. An elective practical rational pharmacotherapy course was given
in 2011 and 2012, to 3rd year pharmacy students at Near East University by a
method based on simulated patients and evaluation of dispensing scores. A
pretest was conducted to evaluate the baseline dispensing score by OSPE
(objective structured practical examination) and it was repeated at the end
of the course (post-test). It was seen that the average dispensing score of
group A (n=34) students was 34.26 ± 13.6, whereas it was 34.94 ± 11.6 for
group B (n=17) in the pre-test (before the course). It increased almost
twice to 62.18 ± 13.0 and 67.06 ± 15.6, respectively in Group A and B at the
end of the semester (post-test). This improvement in the dispensing scores
of the pharmacy students after the practical rational pharmacotherapy course
were statistically significant (p<0.001). Thus, the unique OSPE score sheet/
checklist (that has been developed by Turkish Pharmacological Society) seems
user-friendly and useful.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
pharmacy
prescription
rational drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
checklist
clinical practice
communication skill
education program
human
medical school
pharmacist attitude
pharmacy student
problem solving
professional knowledge
questionnaire
vocational education
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pharmacy (39)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Turkish
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Turkish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013579080
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 206
TITLE
Does participation in actual drug testing influence the attitudes of
first-year pharmacy students toward mandatory drug testing?
AUTHOR NAMES
Cates M.E.
Hogue M.
Woolley T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cates M.E.; Hogue M.) Samford University, McWhorter School of Pharmacy,
Birmingham, United States.
(Woolley T.) Samford University, Birmingham, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Cates, Samford University, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e195). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study examined the changes in attitudes of firstyear pharmacy
students toward a mandatory, random urine drug screening program as the
result of participation in actual drug testing. METHODS: The study was an
anonymous, voluntary survey that was composed of 30 pretested Likert-type
questions relating to knowledge, concerns, and beliefs about drug testing.
The survey was administered during orientation week (pre-testing) and then
again at the end of the academic year after all students had participated in
drug testing at least once (post-testing). Two-independent samples t-test
results were corroborated by Wilcoxon- Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: The
survey was completed by 129 (100%) students in the pre-testing phase and 91
(71%) students in the post-testing phase. Of the 30-items, only nine items
showed statistically significant changes from pre- to post-testing.
Students' responses revealed greater agreement that they had an extensive
knowledge about random urine drug screening (p=0.03), but greater
disagreement that they understood the reasons behind the school's random
drug screening program (p=0.005). There was greater agreement with various
concerns about drug testing, including cost of testing (p<0.05), being
called for testing when busy with other matters (p<0.001), accidentally
missing drug testing (p<0.001), consequences of missing drug testing
(p<0.001), and being in situations in which showing up for drug testing
would be difficult to impossible (p<0.001). Students' responses revealed
greater disagreement that drug screening had the potential to decrease
illegal substance use among students (p=0.05) and that it was important to
detect a substance use problem in a pharmacist (p=0.03). CONCLUSION:
Pharmacy students' attitudes toward drug testing were relatively unaffected
by their participation in actual drug testing. Some concerns about drug
testing were heightened, probably as the result of how busy the students'
lives had become during pharmacy school. However, changes in two of the
belief questions were rather disconcerting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug screening
human
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
pharmacist
rank sum test
school
screening
student
Student t test
substance use
urine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 207
TITLE
Assessment and evaluation efficacy of a clinical pharmacist-led inpatient
warfarin knowledge education program and follow-up at a Chinese tertiary
referral teaching hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Bounda G.-A.
Ngarambe C.
Ge W.H.
Yu F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bounda G.-A., armelb80@hotmail.com; Yu F.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Tong Jia Xiang, China.
(Bounda G.-A., armelb80@hotmail.com; Ge W.H.) Department of Pharmacy, The
Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,
Zhongshan Road, Ding Jia Qiao, China.
(Ngarambe C.) Department of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Medical
School, Ding Jia Qiao, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.-A. Bounda, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical
University, International Students Hall Apartment 504#, 24# Tong Jia Xiang,
Nanjing 210009, China. Email: armelb80@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Archives of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 4:4 (168-179). Date of Publication:
October/December 2013
ISSN
2045-080X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Archives of Global Professionals, Regent Court, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background: Oral anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is used to prevent
and to treat venous and arterial thrombosis and embolism. Its narrow
therapeutic index should be monitored carefully in order to reach the
desired outcomes. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical
pharmacist-led in-patient warfarin's knowledge education program and to
assess a follow-up efficacy in a Chinese tertiary referral teaching
hospital. Design and Setting: A cross-sectional and observational study was
conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Nanjing
University, a 1460-bed tertiary referral teaching hospital in Nanjing.
Materials and Methods: One-on-one interview questionnaire was conducted
among 47 Chinese patients who had undergone prosthetic valve replacement.
Before the patient education program's implemented, at discharge time and 3
months, 6-9 months and 12 months after surgery were considered as time
points. A previously validated 17-item questionnaire was used to measure the
patient's knowledge level of warfarin and to assess and evaluate a follow-up
efficacy of this patient education program run by a clinical pharmacist.
Knowledge scores were compared using the Student's t-test or one-way
analysis of variance. Main Outcome Measure: Patients' knowledge on the
warfarin education program and warfarin knowledge score, drug therapy
problems or bleeding complication events associated to warfarin therapy and
evaluation of clinical pharmacist's service provided. Results: Patients mean
age was 47.68 ± 9.70 years (range 23-67). The higher education strata had
significantly higher warfarin knowledge scores (P < 0.05). In terms of
hospital stay post-surgery, compared with other groups, patients with an
average of 11-14 days, were found significantly and statically higher
knowledgeable in warfarin (P < 0.05). The clinical pharmacist' service was
found very satisfying f(80.85%). Conclusion: Chinese patients on warfarin
therapy should benefit from periodic educational efforts reinforcing key
medication safety information. Patient education is not a once-off
procedure. A complete patient education program run by a clinical pharmacist
in a Cardio-thoracic ward can considerably improve and enhance to reduce the
hospital stays and significantly enlighten the role of the patient education
in adherence to therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anticoagulant therapy
drug information
knowledge
medication therapy management
patient education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
bleeding
Chinese
clinical article
clinical effectiveness
cross-sectional study
female
follow up
human
interview
length of stay
male
middle aged
observational study
questionnaire
teaching hospital
tertiary care center
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014020767
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2045-080X.123226
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 208
TITLE
Pharmacist clinical leadership and credentialing improving the management of
nicotine dependency in the acute hospital seting
AUTHOR NAMES
Dooley M.J.
Dean E.
McGuiness J.
Corben K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dooley M.J.; Dean E.; McGuiness J.) Pharmacy, Alfred Health, Melbourne,
Australia.
(Dooley M.J.) Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash University,
Melbourne, Australia.
(Corben K.) Population Health, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.J. Dooley, Pharmacy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 SUPPL. 2 (880-881).
Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
41st ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Personalised and Safe Therapy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Barcelona, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-29 to 2012-10-31
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: A smoking cessation strategy was implemented for
hospitalised patients with clinical pharmacists responsible for
identification and documentation of patients' smoking status, assessment of
nicotine dependency, provision of brief intervention advice and prescribing
of pharmacotherapy. The objectives was to improve the management of
hospitalise patients and to develop and implement a credentialing program
for pharmacists to provide clinical management of nicotine dependency for
hospitalised patients. Program description: A multidisciplinary working
party was formed to facilitate extensive key stakeholder consultation to
optimise clinical management and formulate collaborative organization-wide
guidelines. The credentialing program requires either candidates attending
face-to-face or reviewing online a 1 h education session. The two part
competency assessment involves pharmacists successfully completing Quit
Victoria's online learning module attracting 7 group 2 CPD points.
Candidates were then eligible to complete five case studies online via
SurveyMonkey®. Three cases required initial management of nicotine
dependency and two required subsequent management. Candidates were marked
against model answers. A ≥ 80 % pass mark and causing no patient harm, was
assessed as demonstrating competency. Candidates not achieving this were
re-assessed using a case based approach. Results: The program took place
over 10 weeks with eleven education sessions held across three campuses. Of
87 pharmacists identified for training, 68 (78 %) attended a face-to-face
session and 19 (22 %) undertook online sessions. To date, 85 pharmacists (98
%) have been assessed competent. Of these 26 (31 %) received individualised
feedback regarding their responses and 16 (19 %) required reassessment
before successful completion. Key features of the program include the
identification and documentation of patients' smoking status during the
medication reconciliation process, assessment of nicotine dependency follows
as appropriate. Treating pharmacists provide brief intervention advice,
pharmacotherapy may be offered in addition to behavioural management
strategies. An intensive smoking cessation service for complex dependency
provided by a specialist pharmacist has been developed and implemented. Any
healthcare professional involved in the care of the inpatient can make this
e-referral. Conclusion: The credentialing program has been demonstrated as
efficient, effective and sustainable. This initiative has proven successful
in extending the clinical pharmacist's role and improving the management of
nicotine dependency amongst inpatients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
accreditation
clinical pharmacy
hospital
human
leadership
pharmacist
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case study
consultation
documentation
drug therapy
education
feedback system
health care personnel
hospital patient
learning
medical specialist
medication therapy management
model
patient
smoking
smoking cessation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9801-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 209
TITLE
Pharmacist integration in pre-visit planning in the medical home
AUTHOR NAMES
Mormann M.
Hoehns J.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mormann M.) Northeast Iowa Family Practice Center and Waverly Health
Center, Waterloo, United States.
(Hoehns J.D.) University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Iowa Family
Practice Center, Waterloo, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Mormann, Northeast Iowa Family Practice Center and Waverly Health Center,
Waterloo, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e246). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The patient centered medical home (PCMH) model provides new
opportunities for pharmacist involvement in patient care. A key aspect of
the PCMH is to optimize medication use. Although some pharmacists
participate in patient care at medical homes, such practices are not
widespread, and there is much interest in developing new pharmacist care
models in ambulatory care. The objective of the study was to evaluate a new
model of pharmacist care in the PCMH at Northeast Iowa Family Practice
Center (NEIFPC). METHODS: Pharmacy staff prospectively reviewed electronic
patient medical records the day prior to their physician appointment.
Pharmacists identified potential drug related problems and recorded them in
the chart to be printed on the pre-visit huddle form. Pharmacists then
attended the pre-visit patient care huddles to provide further clarification
on recommendations. RESULTS: Overall, 431 patient charts were reviewed prior
to their physician appointments. Chart reviews were conducted in ≤5 minutes
for 64% of patients. Drug therapy problems were frequently identified,
occurring in 60% of chart reviews. The most common drug therapy problems
identified pertained to laboratory monitoring and a need for additional drug
therapy. Although there was only partial capture of physician acceptance
rates of pharmacist recommendations, acceptance rates were similar between
pharmacists (61%) and students (58%). CONCLUSION: Prospective pharmacist
review of a patient's medical record is seldom done in ambulatory physician
clinics. We developed a method to facilitate pharmacist documentation of
potential drug therapy problems and recommendations within an existing
electronic medical record and incorporated them as part of the pre-visit
“team huddle”. Most reviews were performed in ≤5 minutes per patient. This
suggests a feasible process whereby a small number of pharmacists could
provide this service to a busy physician practice. We believe this is a
pharmacist care model which could readily be adapted to other medical homes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
human
pharmacist
planning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
documentation
drug therapy
electronic medical record
general practice
hospital
hospital patient
laboratory
medical record
medical record review
model
monitoring
patient
patient care
pharmacy
physician
student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 210
TITLE
What are the appropriate clinical pharmacy key performance indicators for
hospital pharmacists?
AUTHOR NAMES
Fernandes O.
Gorman S.
Slavik R.
Semchuk W.
Doucette D.
Bannerman H.
Lo J.
Shukla S.
Chan W.
Benninger N.
MacKinnon N.
Bell C.
Slobodan J.
Lyder C.
Zed P.
Toombs K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fernandes O.) University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
(Gorman S.; Slavik R.) Interior Health Authority, Kelowna, Canada.
(Semchuk W.) Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina, Canada.
(Doucette D.) Horizon Health Network, Moncton, Canada.
(Bannerman H.; Lo J.; Shukla S.; Chan W.; Benninger N.) University of
Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
(MacKinnon N.) University of Arizona, Tucson, United States.
(Bell C.) Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
(Slobodan J.) Alberta Health Services, Red Deer, Canada.
(Lyder C.) Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Ottawa, Canada.
(Zed P.) University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
(Toombs K.) Capital District Health Authority, Halifax, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Fernandes, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e208). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Key performance indicators are quantifiable measures of quality.
There are currently no published, systematicallyderived clinical pharmacy
key performance indicators (cpKPI). A working group of Canadian hospital
pharmacists aimed to develop national cpKPI to advance clinical pharmacy
practice and improve patient care. METHODS: A cpKPI working group
systematically and sequentially established a cpKPI consensus definition,
eight evidencederived cpKPI critical activity areas, 26 candidate cpKPI, and
11 cpKPI ideal attributes in addition to one overall consensus criterion.
Over a 3-month period, 26 clinical pharmacists and hospital pharmacy leaders
participated in a 3-round modified Delphi survey. Using an Internet-based,
pre-tested survey instrument, panelists independently rated the 26 candidate
cpKPI using the 11 cpKPI ideal attributes and one overall consensus
criterion on a 9- point Likert scale. A meeting was facilitated between
rounds 2 and 3 to debate the merits of each candidate cpKPI and clarify
wording. Consensus was reached if 75% or more of the panelists assigned a
score of 7-9 on the consensus criterion during the third Delphi round.
RESULTS: All panelists completed the three Delphi rounds and 25/26 (96%)
attended the meeting. Eight candidate cpKPI of activities performed by
pharmacists met the consensus definition after the third Delphi round: (i)
performing admission medication reconciliation (including best possible
medication history); (ii) participating in inter-professional patient care
rounds; (iii) completing pharmaceutical care plans; (iv) resolving drug
therapy problems; (v) providing in- person disease and medication education
to patients (vi) providing discharge patient medication education; (vii)
performing discharge medication reconciliation; and (viii) providing
bundled, proactive direct patient care activities. CONCLUSIONS: A Delphi
panel of hospital pharmacists was successful in determining eight consensus
cpKPI. Measurement and assessment of these cpKPI, which are believed to be
generalizable to other health systems, will serve to advance clinical
pharmacy practice and improve patient care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Canadian
consensus
Delphi study
drug therapy
education
health care
hospital pharmacy
Internet
Likert scale
medication therapy management
patient
patient care
pharmaceutical care
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 211
TITLE
Assess the knowledge and perceptions of middle school and high school-aged
students about alcohol and prescription drug abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Kelleher J.A.
Chhay S.N.
Ip K.H.
Devine C.M.
Pervanas H.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kelleher J.A.; Chhay S.N.; Ip K.H.; Devine C.M.; Pervanas H.C.) MCPHS
University, Manchester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Kelleher, MCPHS University, Manchester, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e283). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Alcohol and prescription drug abuse in teens continues to be a
nationwide concern. The purpose of the study was to educate adolescents and
teens about the dangers associated with alcohol and prescription drugs and
to determine their perceptions regarding these substances. METHODS: Student
pharmacists representing the campus organization Student Pharmacists Against
Prescription Drug Abuse (SPARxDA), conducted an educational program at the
Boys and Girls Club of Souhegan Valley located in Milford, New Hampshire.
Prior to the educational program a 9 question survey focusing on peer
pressure, use of drugs and alcohol and safety of overthe- counter and
prescription medications was administered to the participants. RESULTS:
Forty-four teens completed the survey. The majority of the participants were
Caucasian (72%) and were female (52%) with a median age of 13 years. Most of
the participants believe alcohol (39%) and illegal drugs (34%) are most
abused by teens versus prescription drugs (4%). Fifty-two percent of the
participants reported that prescription drugs are safer than illegal drugs.
Of the middle school-aged participants (11-12 years of age) 81% believe that
prescription drugs are safer than illegal drugs versus 21% of thirteen to
eighteen year-olds. CONCLUSION: Despite their potential to cause harm if
misused, a high percentage of middle school-aged children perceived
prescription medications to be safer than illegal drugs. More education
about medication safety is needed at a younger age to develop a common
knowledge that prescription medications can be equally as dangerous as
illegal drugs if not taken as prescribed by a provider.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug abuse
high school
human
middle school
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
boy
Caucasian
child
drug therapy
education
female
girl
male
peer pressure
pharmacist
prescription
safety
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 212
TITLE
Comparison of the top-10 most problematic pediatric medications ranked by
pediatric pharmacists and pediatric prescribers
AUTHOR NAMES
Son H.J.
Laurich A.A.
Patterson K.D.
Earley A.E.
Shipp M.M.
Walls K.B.
Smith F.L.
Yates K.M.
Kissack J.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Son H.J.; Laurich A.A.; Patterson K.D.; Earley A.E.; Shipp M.M.; Walls
K.B.; Smith F.L.; Yates K.M.; Kissack J.C.) Harding University, College of
Pharmacy, Searcy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.J. Son, Harding University, College of Pharmacy, Searcy, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e282). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This survey measured the consensus opinion of pediatric pharmacists
compared to pediatric prescribers (pediatricians, physician assistants, and
nurse practitioners) on ranking medication categories from least to most
problematic regarding patient safety, and the top-10 most problematic
pediatric medications. METHODS: Participants ranked the top-10 from a list
of 50 medications for three areas: problems in dosing, adverse effects and
medication errors. Medications from each area were summed and ranked from 1
to 50 to identify the top-10 list. The 11 medication categories and 50
medications were drawn from expert consensus, the Institute for Safe
Medication Practice high-alert medication list, and medication
alerts/reviews of pediatric literature. RESULTS: The survey was completed by
232 pharmacists and 56 prescribers. Primary practice sites of participants
were mainly children's hospitals (64%) and pediatric units (20%) in 38
states plus the District of Columbia and 3 Canadian provinces. Regarding
overall pediatric patient safety, pharmacists ranked anticoagulants as most
problematic, and opioids and electrolytes ranked equally as moderately
problematic. The most problematic medications, according to pharmacists,
from first to tenth were: 1-insulin, 2- vancomycin, 3-warfarin, 4-heparin,
5-methadone, 6-digoxin, 7- morphine, 8-gentamicin, 9- potassium phosphate
and 10-(tied) amphotericin B & fentanyl. In comparison, prescribers ranked
opioids as most problematic and sedatives as moderately problematic. The
most problematic medications, according to prescribers, from first to tenth
were: 1-insulin, 2-heparin, 3-morphine, 4-digoxin, 5- warfarin, 6-fentanyl,
7-vancomycin, 8-amphotericin B, 9-potassium chloride, and 10-amiodarone.
Both pharmacists and prescribers ranked gastrointestinal medications as
least problematic. CONCLUSION: When overall results were compared,
pharmacists and prescribers ranked problematic medications very similarly.
Although there was slight disparity in the ranking order, both top-10 lists
contained 80% of the same medications. Survey participants identified six
medications identical to the top-10 high-alert medications surveyed in a
pediatric ICU by Franke et al. in 2009.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amiodarone
amphotericin B
anticoagulant agent
digoxin
electrolyte
fentanyl
gentamicin
heparin
insulin
methadone
morphine
potassium chloride
potassium dihydrogen phosphate
sedative agent
vancomycin
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
Canadian
consensus
medication error
nurse practitioner
patient safety
pediatric hospital
pediatric ward
pediatrician
physician assistant
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 213
TITLE
Effective nonpharmacological strategies for smoking cessation in geriatric
long term care residents
AUTHOR NAMES
Shalshin A.
Krichmar G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shalshin A.; Krichmar G.) Franklin Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation,
Greenvale, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Shalshin, Franklin Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation, Greenvale,
United States.
SOURCE
Chest (2013) 144:4 MEETING ABSTRACT. Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
CHEST 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Chicago, IL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-26 to 2013-10-31
ISSN
0012-3692
BOOK PUBLISHER
American College of Chest Physicians
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate effective non - pharmacological strategies that help
geriatric residents of long term care facilities in smoking cessation
METHODS: From January 2011 - December 2012, all active smokers over the age
of 65 and current residents of long term care facility were invited to
participate in a prospective study to evaluate effectiveness of smoking
cessation strategies. In total 74 patients agreed, and were followed for a
minimum of one year after initial intervention. Successful tobacco cessation
was defined as abstinence for 6 months and more. Interventions included
individual counseling from (primary care physician, nurse and a pulmonary
consultant), educational self-help written and video material, family
involvement and support. Each participant had consumed tobacco for more than
5 years and smoked on average half of pack per day. RESULTS: Out of 74
patients recruited 34 (46%) patients had successfully quit smoking, 8 (11%)
patients had initial success, but relapsed within 6 months. In the period of
at least 12 months follow up each patient was visited by multidisciplinary
team consisting of nurse, primary care physician and pulmonary consultant
complemented by self-help material, video and written on benefits of smoking
cessation. Each participant's family was encouraged to provide additional
support and educated on the benefits of multifaceted approach to tobacco
addiction treatment. Remaining 32 (43%) of patients expressed interest in
smoking cessation, but did not favor non - pharmacological approach,
however, at the end of this trial were even more motivated to quit with
nicotine replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Previous research shows that
medical advice to quit smoking produces 1 year abstinence rates of 5 - 10
percent. In combination with self-help material, family support and
education our data shows that individual counseling from every level of
healthcare provider increases success rates in geriatric residents of long
term care facility.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
long term care
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
consultation
counseling
education
follow up
general practitioner
health care personnel
human
nicotine replacement therapy
nurse
patient
prospective study
self help
smoking
tobacco
tobacco dependence
videorecording
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1701974
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 214
TITLE
Interim results from a cardiologist-pharmacist collaboration to improve
blood pressure in an ambulatory cardiology clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Kelly M.
Dixon D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kelly M.; Dixon D.) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy,
Richmond, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Kelly, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, Richmond,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e271). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Indigent patients requiring cardiovascular care are seen one
half-day per week in an ambulatory, cardiology fellow's clinic at VCU Health
System. A pharmacist collaborated with the attending cardiologist to assist
with medication titration and management. The aim of this study was to
describe the pharmacist impact on blood pressure (BP) and characterize the
interventions made by the pharmacist. METHODS: Electronic medical records of
patients seen at least once by the pharmacist between June 1, 2012 and
January 7, 2013 were reviewed to obtain the patient's medical history,
initial and most recent BP, and pharmacist interventions. The primary
endpoint was mean change in systolic and diastolic BP from baseline to most
recent visit. Patients were excluded from the primary endpoint if they
presented to clinic in hypertensive crisis or if a follow-up BP was
unavailable. RESULTS: Out of 38 patients seen by the pharmacist during the
study period, 29 met inclusion criteria for the primary endpoint. Mean
systolic BP decreased from 135.5 ± 19.3 mmHg at baseline to 126.0 ± 18.1
mmHg at follow-up (p=0.014). Diastolic BP and goal achievement improved but
was not found to be statistically significant. All 38 patients were included
in the characterization of pharmacist interventions, which found a total of
51 interventions (31 related to antihypertensives; 20 related to
dyslipidemia, diabetes, COPD, and smoking cessation) and identification of
17 drug-related problems. CONCLUSIONS: Patients seen by the pharmacist had
significant improvements in systolic BP. A cardiologist-pharmacist
collaboration may be an effective method to improve blood pressure in an
ambulatory cardiology clinic.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
blood pressure
cardiologist
cardiology
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
diabetes mellitus
drug dose titration
dyslipidemia
electronic medical record
follow up
health care
hypertensive crisis
indigent
medical history
patient
smoking cessation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 215
TITLE
Implementation of a clinical pharmacist-directed hospital discharge service
to improve transitions in care
AUTHOR NAMES
Sharma A.
Pereira C.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sharma A.; Pereira C.R.) University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy,
Minneapolis, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Sharma, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, United
States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e185-e186). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Establishing a systematic approach for clinical pharmacists to
manage hospital discharge patients in the ambulatory care setting. Clinical
pharmacy services worked collaboratively with members of the primary care
team to identify, prevent, and resolve drug therapy problems in post
hospitalized patients. METHODS: All patients discharged from a hospital
between January 2013 and May 2013 were offered a clinical pharmacist visit
before their follow up visit with their medical provider. The clinic's call
center or Care Coordinators would follow a script and process to sign
patients up over the phone. During each visit, a clinical pharmacist
reviewed the patient's medications and then identified/ resolved drug
therapy problems, which were categorized into four groups: indication,
effectiveness, safety, and convenience. RESULTS: A total of 50 hospital
discharge patients were scheduled and seen by a clinical pharmacist in the 5
months period. Twenty-three patients were scheduled as a follow up from the
emergency room, while 27 patients were seen after being discharged from the
hospital. A total of 81 drug therapy problems were identified by the
clinical pharmacists. Eighty two percent of patients presented with one or
more drug therapy problems. There were nine patients who did not have any
drug therapy problems, many of which were ED discharges. The leading three
drug therapy problems were “untreated condition,” “does not understand
instructions,” and “needs additional monitoring.” CONCLUSION: Implementing a
systematic clinical pharmacist intervention for post hospital discharge
patients resulted in the identification of various drug therapy problems and
worked towards improving overall patient care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital discharge
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
drug therapy
emergency ward
follow up
hospital
hospital department
hospital patient
monitoring
patient
patient care
primary medical care
safety
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 216
TITLE
Economical analysis of pharmacy intervention in the intensive care units in
a medical center in Taiwan
AUTHOR NAMES
Kuo C.-N.
Lee P.-Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kuo C.-N.; Lee P.-Y.) Taipei Medical University, Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.-N. Kuo, Taipei Medical University, Wan Fang Hospital, Taiwan.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2013) 33:10 (e227). Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Albuquerque, NM, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-13 to 2013-10-16
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Pharmacy interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) can prevent
the injury from medication errors and also bring some economical benefits. A
study showed that the potential cost avoidance of the documented
interventions was USD 205,919-280,421. Owing to such economical benefits, we
performed the economical analysis of pharmacists' intervention in the ICUs
in WanFang hospital in Taiwan. METHODS: Four clinical pharmacists documented
the interventions made from December 2011 to February 2012 in 1st ICU and
January 2012 to February 2012 in 2nd ICU. These data were retrospectively
evaluated and we recorded type of intervention, changed prescription, days
of the medication used before and after intervention, days of staying in
ICU. We also collected patients' data by reviewing charts. Cost saving was
calculated from the medical cost differentiation between prescriptions
before and after pharmacists' interventions. For cost avoidance, the
documented interventions were independently reviewed by two physicians to
evaluated whether an actual or potential adverse health consequence would
have occurred without the intervention, the probability that an adverse
health consequence would have occurred without the intervention, and
potential cost avoidance of the intervention. Once the evaluations were
completed, cost avoidance can be further calculated. RESULTS: One hundred
and forty-two interventions were made during this period. The most
drug-related problems were inappropriate dose. The total cost saving was NTD
114,980. Antimicrobial agents were the major category in cost savings
(90.73%). The average of total cost avoidance was NTD 1,074,288 (from NTD
778,411 to 1,301,075). Both physicians considered the most common impact of
pharmacy intervention as preventing potential adverse drug events.
CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, providing pharmacy
intervention in the critical care settings could not only ensure patient
safety but also have financial impact.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiinfective agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
American
clinical pharmacy
college
intensive care unit
pharmacy
Taiwan
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
cost control
drug therapy
health
hospital
human
injury
intensive care
medication error
patient
patient safety
pharmacist
physician
prescription
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/phar.1356
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 217
TITLE
The effects of alcohol on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the
selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist gsk1521498 in healthy subjects
AUTHOR NAMES
Ziauddeen H.
Nathan P.J.
Dodds C.
Maltby K.
Miller S.R.
Waterworth D.
Song K.
Warren L.
Hosking L.
Zucchetto M.
Bush M.
Johnson L.V.
Sarai B.
Mogg K.
Bradley B.P.
Richards D.B.
Fletcher P.C.
Bullmore E.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ziauddeen H., hz238@cam.ac.uk; Nathan P.J.; Dodds C.; Maltby K.; Miller
S.R.; Sarai B.; Bullmore E.T.) Clinical Unit Cambridge, Medicines Discovery
and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Ziauddeen H., hz238@cam.ac.uk; Nathan P.J.; Fletcher P.C.; Bullmore E.T.)
Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Nathan P.J.) School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University,
Clayton, VIC, Australia.
(Waterworth D.; Song K.) Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences,
GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA, United States.
(Warren L.) Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
(Miller S.R.; Hosking L.) Projects Clinical Platforms and Sciences,
GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom.
(Zucchetto M.) GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Ltd, Stevenage,
United Kingdom.
(Bush M.; Johnson L.V.) Kinetigen, Research Triangle Park, NC, United
States.
(Mogg K.; Bradley B.P.) Department of Psychology, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom.
(Ziauddeen H., hz238@cam.ac.uk; Fletcher P.C.) Metabolic Research
Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Ziauddeen H., hz238@cam.ac.uk; Fletcher P.C.; Bullmore E.T.) Cambridgeshire
and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Richards D.B.; Bullmore E.T.) Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical
Investigations, Academic Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline,
Cambridge, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Clinical Unit Cambridge, Medicines Discovery and Development,
GlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2013) 53:10 (1078-1090). Date of
Publication: October 2013
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Rd, Chiswell Green Ln,
Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The muopioid system has a key role in hedonic and motivational processes
critical to substance addiction. However, existing muopioid antagonists
havehad limited success as anti-addiction treatments. GSK1521498 is a
selective and potent muopioid antagonist being developed for the treatment
of overeating and substance addictions. In this study, 28 healthy
participants were administered single doses of GSK1521498 20 mg, ethanol 0.5
g/kg body weight, or both in combination, in a double blind placebo
controlled four-way crossover design. The primary objective was to determine
the risk ofsignificant adverse pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic (PK)
interactions. The effects of GSK1521498 on hedonic and consummatory
responses to alcohol and the attentional processing of alcohol-related
stimuli, and their modulation by the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism were also
explored.GSK1521498 20 mg was well tolerated alone and in combination with
ethanol. There were mild transient effects of GSK1521498 on alertness and
mood that were greater when it was combined with ethanol. These effects were
not of clinical significance. There were no effects of GSK1521498 on
reactiontime, hedonic or consummatory responses. These findings provide
encouraging safety and PK data to support continued development of
GSK1521498 for the treatment of alcohol addiction. © 2013, The American
College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
gsk 1521498 (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug analysis, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
mu opiate receptor antagonist (clinical trial, drug analysis, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug alcohol interaction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal distension (side effect)
adult
alertness
area under the curve
article
attention disturbance (side effect)
clinical article
controlled study
coordination disorder (side effect)
crossover procedure
decreased appetite (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
double blind procedure
drug absorption
drug elimination
drug half life
drug structure
drug tolerability
drunk sensation
euphoria
fatigue (side effect)
female
gait disorder (side effect)
genetic polymorphism
headache (side effect)
human
male
maximum plasma concentration
mood
nausea (side effect)
nausea and vomiting (side effect)
randomized controlled trial
reaction time
risk assessment
side effect (side effect)
skin irritation (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
time to maximum plasma concentration
vomiting (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
gsk 1521498
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013631140
MEDLINE PMID
23934621 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23934621)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcph.110
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 218
TITLE
Abstracts: 2013 American College of Clinical Pharmacology Annual Meeting
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development (2013) 2 SUPPL. 1. Date of
Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 American College of Clinical Pharmacology Annual Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bethesda, MD, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-22 to 2013-09-24
ISSN
2160-763X
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 124 papers. The topics discussed include: evaluation
of blockade of reconsolidation of cocaine-craving responses by propranolol;
safety and tolerability of aripiprazole once-monthly in adults with
schizophrenia stabilized on atypical oral antipsychotics other than
aripiprazole; comparison of three titration algorithms for initiation of
basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; individual and
regional variability of postprandial hyperglycemic patterns; the influence
of a low-fat diet and hospitalization on liver function tests in healthy
Japanese and Caucasian male volunteers resident in a phase I unit for up to
34 days; investigation of potential pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic
interactions between selexipag and warfarin in healthy male subjects; and
pharmacokinetics of fasiglifam (TAK-875), simvastatin and pravastatin
following co-administration in healthy subjects.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aripiprazole
cocaine
fasiglifam
insulin
pravastatin
propranolol
selexipag
simvastatin
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
college
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
algorithm
Caucasian
hospitalization
human
Japanese (people)
liver function test
low fat diet
male
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
normal human
patient
pharmacokinetics
safety
schizophrenia
titrimetry
volunteer
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 219
TITLE
Drug related problems and pharmacist interventions in a geriatric unit
employing electronic prescribing
AUTHOR NAMES
Raimbault-Chupin M.
Spiesser-Robelet L.
Guir V.
Annweiler C.
Beauchet O.
Clerc M.-A.
Moal F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Raimbault-Chupin M., melina.raimbault@chu-angers.fr; Spiesser-Robelet L.;
Clerc M.-A.; Moal F.) Department of Pharmacy, Angers University Hospital, 4
rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 09, France.
(Guir V.; Annweiler C.; Beauchet O.) Division of Geriatric Medicine,
Department of Neuroscience, Angers University Hospital, 4 rue Larrey, 49933
Angers cedex 09, France.
(Annweiler C.; Beauchet O.) UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers UNAM,
Angers, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Raimbault-Chupin, Department of Pharmacy, Angers University Hospital, 4
rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 09, France. Email:
melina.raimbault@chu-angers.fr
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 (847-853). Date of
Publication: October 2013
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Background Computerised physician order entry (CPOE) and the integration of
a pharmacist in clinical wards have been shown to prevent drug related
problems (DRPs). Objectives The primary objective was to make an inventory
of the DRPs and resident pharmacist on-ward interventions (PIs) identified
in a geriatric acute care unit using CPOE system. The secondary objective
was to evaluate the physicians' acceptance of the proposed interventions.
Setting A 26-bed geriatric ward of a 1,300-bed teaching hospital. Method A
6-month descriptive study with prescription analysis and recommendations to
physicians by a resident pharmacist during five half days a week. Main
outcome measures Patients' characteristics, number of prescribed drugs per
patient, nature and frequency of DRPs and PIs, physicians' acceptance and
drugs questioned. Results Resident pharmacist reviewed 311 patients and
identified 241 DRPs. One hundred and fifty-two patients (49 %) had at least
one DRP (mean ± SD age 87 ± 6 years, mean ± SD number of prescribed drugs
10.7 ± 3.4). Most frequent DRPs were: untreated indication (n = 58, 24.1 %),
dose too high (n = 46, 19.1 %), improper administration (n = 31, 12.9 %) and
drug interactions (n = 23, 9.5 %). The rate of physicians' acceptance was
90.0 % (7.5 % refusals, 2.5 % not assessable). DRPs related to CPOE system
misuse (n = 35, 14.5 %) appeared as a worrying phenomenon (e.g., errors in
selecting dosage or unit, or duplication of therapy). Conclusion A resident
pharmacist detected various DRPs. Most PIs were accepted. DRPs related to
the misuse of the CPOE system appeared potentially dangerous and need
particular attention by healthcare professionals. The description of the
DRPs is an essential step for implementation of targeted clinical pharmacy
services in order to optimize pharmacists' job time. © 2013 Koninklijke
Nederlandse Maatschappij ter bevordering der Pharmacie.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
agents affecting metabolism
antivitamin K
bisphosphonic acid derivative
calcium
cardiovascular agent
enoxaparin
furosemide
gastrointestinal agent
musculoskeletal system drug
strontium ranelate
unclassified drug
vitamin D (oral drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
electronic prescribing
emergency care
geriatric care
medication error
pharmaceutical care
physician attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
descriptive research
drug indication
drug interaction
drug megadose
emergency ward
female
hospital bed capacity
human
major clinical study
male
observational study
outcome assessment
pharmacist
practice guideline
priority journal
prospective study
teaching hospital
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium (14092-94-5, 7440-70-2)
enoxaparin (679809-58-6)
furosemide (54-31-9)
strontium ranelate (135459-87-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013668450
MEDLINE PMID
23857430 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23857430)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9821-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 220
TITLE
Medical doctors' perceptions of the role of clinical pharmacists in Serbian
hospitals
AUTHOR NAMES
Jelic M.
Stojanovic N.
Jankovic V.
Gutvein R.
Balaban L.
Vucicevic K.
Vasic I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jelic M.) Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.
(Stojanovic N.) Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
(Jankovic V.) CHC Zvezdara, Belgrade, Serbia.
(Gutvein R.) General Hospital Subotica, Subotica, Serbia.
(Balaban L.) Pulmology Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia.
(Vucicevic K.) Department of Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia.
(Vasic I.) Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Jelic, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 SUPPL. 2 (912-913).
Date of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
41st ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Personalised and Safe Therapy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Barcelona, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-29 to 2012-10-31
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: In order to implement the clinical services
provided by pharmacists, previous studies and practice confirmed that it is
important that pharmacists understand medical doctors' (MD) expectations
from pharmacists, and how they can contribute to patients' care. Therefore,
the aim of this study was to evaluate the MDs' attitudes, perceptions, and
expectations from pharmacists' activities, capabilities, and
responsibilities in Serbian hospital settings. Setting and method: This
prospective study was conducted in 7 hospitals in Serbia, over a period of 2
months. A validated questionnaire was delivered to 189 MDs. The
questionnaire consisted of 30 questions, divided in 3 parts, regarding:
previous experience, current collaboration, and future expectations from
pharmacists. Descriptive statistic was performed using Microsoft Office
Excel. Main outcome measures: Participants specified their level of
agreement to statements with five-level Likert item. Results: In total 168
questionnaires were completed with response rate of 88.89 %. The results
indicate that more than 95 %of MDs expect the pharmacist to be drug experts
which include providing evidence based information on drug interactions,
contraindications, adverse reaction, and appropriate drug administration. On
the other hand, 46.67 % of MDs expect the pharmacists to educate patients on
appropriate and safe drug use, to monitor patients, and 37.95 % believe
pharmacists should take a responsibility for solving drug related problems.
However, around 25 % of MDs were rather uncertain on this activity of
pharmacists. Finally, the results show moderate responders' experience and
passive role of pharmacists in health care team. Conclusions: Based on the
results of the study, MDs are comfortable and positive with pharmacists'
interaction, and they recognize the need of pharmacists during rounds. MDs
appear rather uncertain or uncomfortable with pharmacists being in direct
patients' care that might be the consequence of pharmacists' traditional
role in Serbian hospital settings. Therefore, in order to implement clinical
pharmacy service in Serbian hospitals, pharmacists, as therapy experts, have
to be more available and visible to MDs, and to demonstrate their active
role in patients' care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
hospital
human
pharmacist
physician
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
drug administration
drug interaction
drug use
evidence based practice
health care
hospital department
patient
prospective study
questionnaire
responsibility
Serbia
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9801-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 221
TITLE
The added value of a pharmacist in identifying drug-related needs of cystic
fibrosis patients in a large adult clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Chan S.
Tullis E.
Cortes D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chan S.; Cortes D.) Pharmacy Department, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto,
Canada.
(Tullis E.; Cortes D.) Division of Respirology/Cystic Fibrosis, St.
Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Chan, Pharmacy Department, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
SOURCE
Pediatric Pulmonology (2013) 48 SUPPL. 36 (400). Date of Publication:
October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
27th Annual North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Salt Lake City, UT, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-17 to 2013-10-19
ISSN
8755-6863
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Liss Inc.
ABSTRACT
Aim: To compare the number, types, and clinical significance of drug therapy
problems (DTPs) identified between the pharmacist and current standard of
care, as well as describe the recommendations and patient care services
provided by the pharmacist. Method: We performed a prospective, controlled
study in the adult ambulatory CF clinic at St. Michael's Hospital. Patients
with CF received independent assessments by both the pharmacist and standard
of care (respirologists or nurse practitioner). Both groups classified and
rated the clinical significance of the DTPs identified using predetermined
classification criteria. The pharmacist recorded pharmacy services provided
during clinic visit. Statistical analysis for the number of DTPs per patient
and clinical significance of DTPs identified by both groups was performed
using inferential and descriptive statistics. Results: Twenty patients were
enrolled over 10 clinic days. The pharmacist identified 4.0 ± 2.38 (mean±SD)
DTPs per patient versus 1.7 ± 1.87 DTPs per patient identified by standard
of care (p = 0.002). When duplicate DTPs identified by both groups were
excluded, the pharmacist identified 3.05 ± 1.9 DTPs per patient versus 0.75
± 1.5 DTPs per patient identified by standard of care (p = 0.0001). The most
common type of DTP identified by both groups involved “additional drug
therapy required” (31% versus 47% by RPh and SOC, respectively). There was
no significant association between intervention groups and DTPs of “minor”,
“moderate”, and “major” clinical significance (χ(2)=1.19, df=2, p>0.05). The
pharmacist made 57 recommendations with a 79% acceptance rate. The most
common types of patient care services provided by the pharmacist included
patient teaching (35%) and medication reconciliation (32%). Conclusion: This
study demonstrates that a pharmacist adds value in a large adult ambulatory
CF clinic by identifying additional drug-related needs, providing
recommendations and various patient care services. There is benefit if a
pharmacist sees all CF patients in the ambulatory setting. However, limited
availability of pharmacist resources may warrant further study to identify
and prioritize which patients would most benefit from a CF pharmacist's
assessment, and which pharmacy services would best benefit CF patients and
their care teams.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
cystic fibrosis
hospital
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
controlled study
drug therapy
health care quality
hospital department
medication therapy management
nurse practitioner
patient care
statistical analysis
statistics
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.22898
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 222
TITLE
Potentially inappropriate prescribing and drug-drug interactions among
elderly Chinese nursing home residents in Macao
AUTHOR NAMES
Lao C.K.
Ho S.C.
Chan K.K.
Tou C.F.
Tong H.H.Y.
Chan A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lao C.K., cklao@ipm.edu.mo; Ho S.C.; Chan K.K.; Tou C.F.; Tong H.H.Y.)
School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Rua de Luís Gonzaga
Gomes, Macao.
(Chan A.) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of
Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.K. Lao, School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Rua de
Luís Gonzaga Gomes, Macao. Email: cklao@ipm.edu.mo
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 (805-812). Date of
Publication: October 2013
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Background The ageing of the population has become a concern all over the
world, including Macao. In general, older people are more prone to adverse
drug events which can result from potentially inappropriate medication (PIM)
use and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Objective This study was designed to
evaluate the prevalence of PIM use and DDIs among elderly nursing home
residents in Macao, and to find out the factors associated with these
drug-related problems. Setting This study was conducted in the largest
nursing home in Macao, with a bed capacity of 168. Method All data of this
cross-sectional study were collected from medical charts and medication
administration records. PIM use was determined by the screening tool of
older person's prescription (STOPP) criteria and potential DDIs were
detected using the preset criteria of two compendia, Drug-Reax and
Lexi-Interact. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to
identify the independent factors associated with each drug-related problem.
Main outcome measures The proportions of elderly nursing home residents who
regularly used PIMs and who were exposed to DDIs. Results A total of 114
elderly residents were eligible for PIM analysis. They consumed an average
of 6.9 ± 3.1 different medications. About 46.5 % of them regularly used one
or more PIMs. The prevalence of DDIs was 37.8 % among the 111 elderly
residents who consumed at least two different medications. An increased
number of drugs used was identified as the independent factor associated
with PIM use and DDIs (p < 0.05). However, the use of STOPP-related PIMs did
not appear to raise the likelihood of DDIs among the study population.
Conclusion Both PIM use and DDIs are common among elderly nursing home
residents in Macao. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the
clinical outcomes of pharmacist-led interventions for elderly residents in
the local nursing home setting. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media
Dordrecht.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug combination)
allopurinol (drug combination, drug interaction)
amlodipine (drug combination, drug interaction)
antihistaminic agent
benzodiazepine derivative
captopril (drug combination, drug interaction)
celecoxib (drug combination, drug interaction)
cilostazol (drug combination, drug interaction)
clopidogrel (drug combination, drug interaction)
digoxin (drug combination, drug interaction)
diltiazem (drug combination, drug interaction)
dipyridamole
enalapril (drug combination)
esomeprazole (drug combination, drug interaction)
furosemide (drug combination, drug interaction)
levodopa (drug combination, drug interaction)
neuroleptic agent
nifedipine (drug combination, drug interaction)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
phenytoin (drug combination, drug interaction)
proton pump inhibitor (drug therapy)
psychotropic agent
simvastatin (drug combination, drug interaction)
theophylline (drug combination, drug interaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug interaction
inappropriate prescribing
nursing home patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
cerebrovascular accident
cross-sectional study
diabetes mellitus
esophagitis (drug therapy)
falling
female
gastroesophageal reflux (drug therapy)
heart failure
human
hypertension
Macao
major clinical study
male
monotherapy
peptic ulcer (drug therapy)
prevalence
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
allopurinol (315-30-0)
amlodipine (103129-82-4, 736178-83-9, 88150-42-9)
captopril (62571-86-2)
celecoxib (169590-42-5)
cilostazol (73963-72-1)
clopidogrel (113665-84-2, 120202-66-6, 90055-48-4, 94188-84-8)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
diltiazem (33286-22-5, 42399-41-7)
dipyridamole (58-32-2)
enalapril (75847-73-3)
esomeprazole (119141-88-7, 161796-84-5, 202742-32-3, 217087-09-7,
217087-10-0)
furosemide (54-31-9)
levodopa (59-92-7)
nifedipine (21829-25-4)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013668443
MEDLINE PMID
23812679 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812679)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9811-y
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 223
TITLE
A clinical pharmacy screening service of risk medications showed room for
improvement
AUTHOR NAMES
Kjeldsen L.J.
Clemmensen M.H.
Hedegaard U.
Olsen I.
Nielsen J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kjeldsen L.J.; Clemmensen M.H.) Danish Research Unit, Hospital Pharmacy,
AMGROS I/S, København Ø, Denmark.
(Hedegaard U.) Dept. Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of
Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
(Olsen I.) Hospital Pharmacy, Lillebælt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark.
(Nielsen J.L.) Hospital Pharmacy, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby,
Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.J. Kjeldsen, Danish Research Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, AMGROS I/S,
København Ø, Denmark.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:5 SUPPL. 2 (933). Date
of Publication: October 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
41st ESCP Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy: Personalised and Safe Therapy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Barcelona, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-29 to 2012-10-31
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: The use of risk medications leads to adverse
events, hospital admissions and increased economic costs. Hence, risk
medications were chosen as the subject for a national clinical pharmacy
study in Denmark. The aim was to examine the effect of a national clinical
pharmacy screening service of risk medications. Setting and method: The
study was performed at 43 wards at hospitals throughout Denmark, and data
were collected by 49 clinical pharmacists, 22 pharmaconomists and 10
pharmacy students. According to the literature, five risk medication areas
were chosen for the intervention: Anticoagulant therapy, opioids, digoxin,
methotrexate and NSAIDs. The intervention included a screening service of
patients treated with one or more risk medications admitted to hospital.
Potential medication related problems were identified, and recommendations
were made to physicians at the ward. Baseline and intervention data were
collected during weeks 5-9 in 2011 and weeks 18-22 in 2011, respectively.
Main outcome measures: Number of identified risk medications. Results: In
total, 2,909 and 2,399 patients were screened in the baseline and
intervention periods. Of these patients, 1,458 (50 %) and 1,144 (48 %),
respectively, were treated with at least one risk medication. Sufficient
data for analysis were available for 1,042 and 804 patients. The risk
medication most commonly identified was opioids; 704 (68 %) at baseline and
529 (66 %) during the intervention period. Methotrexate was least frequently
identified medication with 20 (1.9 %) and 20 (2.5 %), respectively. During
the intervention period one prescription of methotrexate daily instead of
weekly was identified and the suggested recommendation was accepted Lack of
concurrent treatment with opioids and laxatives was the most commonly
identified problem; 204 (29 %) at baseline and 91 (17 %) during the
intervention period. In the intervention period, 37 recommendations of
addition of laxative were accepted, 26 refused and 28 had no response.
Conclusions: The study showed that a national generic clinical pharmacy
service on risk medications in the Danish hospital setting could effectively
identify drug-related problems associated with risk medications. Room for
improvement still exists regarding acceptance of the suggested
recommendations.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
digoxin
laxative
methotrexate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
risk
screening
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anticoagulant therapy
Denmark
hospital
hospital admission
hospital department
human
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
physician
prescription
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9801-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 224
TITLE
Addressing rational prescribers through the pharmacology and therapeutics
course work of MBBS syllabus in Bangladesh
AUTHOR NAMES
Salam A.
Haque Prof. M.
Islam M.Z.
Rahman N.I.A.
Helali A.M.
Muda T.F.M.B.T.
Yousuf R.
Yesmin F.
Rahman Z.
Alattraqchi A.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Salam A.) Department of Medical Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
(UKM) Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
(Haque Prof. M., runurono@gmail.com) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
(FPSK), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia.
(Islam M.Z.) Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Eastern Medical College,
Comilla, Bangladesh.
(Rahman N.I.A.; Muda T.F.M.B.T.; Alattraqchi A.G.) FPSK, UniSZA, Terengganu,
Malaysia.
(Helali A.M.; Yesmin F.) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
Gonoshashthaya Samajvittik Medical College (GSSVMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
(Yousuf R.) Blood Bank Unit, Department of Pathology, UKM Medical Centre,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
(Rahman Z.) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Enam Medical
College and Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Haque, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FPSK), Universiti Sultan
Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia. Email: runurono@gmail.com
SOURCE
International Research Journal of Pharmacy (2013) 4:7 (60-63). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
2230-8407 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Research Journal of Pharmacy, Shiv Ganga Hospital, Lakser Rd,,
Haridwar, Uttaranchal, India.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacology is most rapidly expanding science in medical discipline which
leads to the development of many important drugs to treat many medical
conditions that was previously untreatable. This paper focuses on the
necessity of integration of pharmacology in the medical curriculum in all
clinical phases and ethical aspects of medicine in terms of irrational
prescribing. Irrational prescribing of drugs is a major global health
problem in medical practice. Currently Pharmacology is taught at phase-II, a
2 year period in a 5 years undergraduate medical Programme in Bangladesh
under the name 'Pharmacology and Therapeutics'. Indiscriminate use of
clinically inappropriate and ineffective medicines are a serious problem.
Medicines in Bangladesh are inappropriately prescribed, again all kinds of
drugs including controlled products are dispensed and sold out frequently
without prescription. Henceforth there are regular violation of medical
ethics and professionalism. As only pharmacology and therapeutics deals with
the correct selection of drugs, the subject should be continued to teach up
to phase-III. In addition, therapeutic discussion should be incorporated
with proper logbook during internship in order to make safe and efficient
prescribers. Supreme priority should be given to legal and ethical aspects
of medicine. Medical professionals must uphold social order by ensuring
ethical practices of medicine and appropriate role modelling especially by
the faculty. © All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Bangladesh
drug misuse
human
medical error
medical ethics
medical practice
physician
professionalism
public health problem
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013588577
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.04713
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 225
TITLE
Inhibitory effect of black and red pepper and thyme extracts and essential
oils on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and DNase activity of
Staphylococcus aureus
AUTHOR NAMES
Zarringhalam M.
Zaringhalam J.
Shadnoush M.
Rezazadeh S.
Tekieh E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zarringhalam M., m_zarrin2003@yahoo.com) Department of Food Science and
Technology, Azad University, Sofyan, Iran.
(Zaringhalam J.; Tekieh E.) Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Research
Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Shadnoush M.) Food Science and Technology Department, Nutritional
Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Rezazadeh S.) Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Zarringhalam, Department of Food Science and Technology, Azad University,
Sofyan, Iran. Email: m_zarrin2003@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:3 (363-369). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
In this study, extracts and essential oils of Black and Red pepper and Thyme
were tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157: H7
andStaphylococcus aureus. Black and Red pepper and Thyme were provided from
Iranian agricultural researches center. 2 g of each plant powder was added
to 10 cc ethanol 96°. After 24 h, the crude extract was separated as an
alcoholic extract and concentrated by distillation method. Plants were
examined for determining their major component and essential oils were
separated. Phytochemical analyses were done for detection of some effective
substances in extracts. The antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli
O157: H7 and Staphylococcus aureus was tested and the results showed that
all extracts and essential oils were effective and essential oils were more
active. The extracts and oils that showed antimicrobial activity were later
tested to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Dilution (MID) for those
bacteria. They were also effective on the inhibition of DNase activity. This
study was indicated that extracts and essential oils of Black and Red pepper
and Thyme can play a signifcant role in inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:
H7 and Staphylococcus aureus. © 2013 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
black pepper extract (drug development)
black pepper oil (drug development)
red pepper extract (drug development)
red pepper oil (drug development)
thyme extract (drug development)
thyme oil (drug development)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
deoxyribonuclease (endogenous compound)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antibacterial activity
enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection
Staphylococcus infection
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
black pepper
enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
enzyme activity
mass fragmentography
minimum inhibitory concentration
nonhuman
Staphylococcus aureus
sweet pepper
thyme
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
deoxyribonuclease (37211-67-9)
thyme oil (8007-46-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013571680
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 226
TITLE
Suppressive effects of rosa damascena essential oil on naloxone-precipitated
morphine withdrawal signs in male mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Abbasi Maleki N.
Abbasi Maleki S.
Bekhradi R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Abbasi Maleki N.; Abbasi Maleki S., dr.s.a.maleki@gmail.com) Departement of
Pharmacology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
(Bekhradi R.) Research Development and Training Center, Barij Essence
Pharmaceutical CO, Kashan, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Abbasi Maleki, Departement of Pharmacology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Urmia, Iran. Email: dr.s.a.maleki@gmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:3 (357-361). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
This research was done to test the effect of Rosa damascena essential oil on
withdrawal signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine in male mice. Morphine
dependence was induced by injection (IP) three times daily at doses of 50,
50 and 75 mg/kg, respectively, for 3 days. On day 4, after the last
administration of morphine, Rosa damascena essential oil was administered at
different concentrations (5, 2 and 40%, IP) 30 min before administration of
naloxone (5 mg/kg, IP). The following actions were taken as signs of
withdrawal and records taken for jumping as a number and scores of 0 to 3
were given for incidences of grooming, teeth chattering, rearing, writing,
diarrhea, wet dog shakes and climbing during a 30 min period. Results showed
that different concentrations of Rosa damascena essential oil significantly
reduced signs of morphine withdrawal compared to the control group in terms
of number of jumps (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01), grooming, teeth chattering,
rearing, climbing, wet dog shakes and writhing, but not for diarrhea (p <
0.05). In conclusion it seems that GABAergic activity induced by favonoids
from Rosa damascena essential oil can alleviate signs of morphine
withdrawal, but further studies need to be done to better understand this
mechanism. © 2013 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine
plant extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
Rosa damascena extract (drug comparison, drug development, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diazepam (drug comparison, intraperitoneal drug administration)
naloxone
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal behavior
animal experiment
animal model
antidepressant activity
article
climbing
controlled study
diarrhea
male
mouse
nonhuman
precipitation
rearing
Rosa damascena
scoring system
wet dog shakes
writhing test
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Iran)abidi
(Iran)Tolid Daru
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diazepam (439-14-5)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013571679
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 227
TITLE
The effect of pentoxifylline on bcl-2 gene expression changes in hippocampus
after long-term use of ecstasy in wistar rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Khazaei Koohpar Z.
Hashemi M.
Mahdian R.
Parivar K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khazaei Koohpar Z., Z_Khazaei09@yahoo.com; Parivar K.) Department of
Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
(Hashemi M.) Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical
Branch, Tehran, Iran.
(Mahdian R.) Biotechnology Research Center, Molecular Medicine Department
Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Z. Khazaei Koohpar, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Email: Z_Khazaei09@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:3 (521-527). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or "Ecstasy") is a psychoactive and
hallucinogenic drug of abuse. MDMA has been shown to produce neurotoxicity
both in animals and humans. Recently, the vasodilator drugs such as
pentoxifylline is one of the new strategies which have been considered as
neuro Protector. In this study effect of pentoxifylline on bcl-2 gene
expression changes in hippocampus of rat following long- term use of ecstasy
was investigated. 30 male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly
divided into 5 groups: control (normal), sham (MDMA injection), experimental
1 (MDMA and then PTX injections), experimental 2 (PTX injection and after 1
week, MDMA injection) and vehicle (saline injection) groups. All drugs were
injected intraperitoneally.Two weeks later, the hippocampus were removed for
studying the changes in bcl-2 gene expression. We used quantitative real
time PCR for detection of bcl-2 gene expression in treated groups and then
compared them to control samples. The results showed the gene dosage ratio
of 0.49, 0.78 and 1.17 for sham, experimental 1 and experimental 2 groups,
respectively. The results also showed the bcl-2 gene expression declined in
sham group as compared to the experimental groups. Furthermore, we observed
a significant difference in the bcl-2 gene expression between sham and
experimental 2 groups. We conclude that quantitative real time PCR could be
used as a direct method for the detection of bcl-2 gene expression in tested
and normal samples. © 2013 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug toxicity)
pentoxifylline (drug development, intraperitoneal drug administration)
protein bcl 2 (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
gene expression
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal tissue
article
controlled study
hippocampus
male
neurotoxicity
nonhuman
rat
real time polymerase chain reaction
reverse transcription
RNA isolation
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
pentoxifylline (6493-05-6)
protein bcl 2 (219306-68-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013571695
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 228
TITLE
Preparation and evaluation of orodispersible tablets containing
hydroxylbutyl-β-cyclodextrin-simvastatin solid dispersion
AUTHOR NAMES
Hosny K.M.
Khames A.
Elhady S.S.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hosny K.M., Elswaify2000@yahoo.com; Elhady S.S.A.) Department of
Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia.
(Khames A.) Department of Pharmaceutics, Taif University, Taif, Saudi
Arabia.
(Hosny K.M., Elswaify2000@yahoo.com; Khames A.) Department of Pharmaceutics
and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. M. Hosny, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, King
Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Email: Elswaify2000@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:4 (469-476). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1596-5996
1596-9827 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Group, Benin City, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To formulate simvastatin orodispersible tablets with high
dissolution rate and enhanced bioavailability. Methods: Simvastatin solid
dispersions in β- cyclodextrin, hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and
hydroxylbutyl-β-cyclodextrin were prepared in different drug: polymer ratios
by kneading and solvent evaporation methods. Compatibility was investigated
by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) Based on the results of solubility studies, the most
suitable solid dispersion was selected and formulated into orodispersible
tablets using Emcosoy and Kpolacrillin as superdisintegrants, and mannitol
and Pullulan as diluents. The tablets were evaluated for wetting and
disintegration times, water absorption, and in vtro dissolution. Results:
Increase in drug solubility was dependent on polymer type, concentration and
preparation method. Simvastatin-hydroxylbutyl-β-cyclodextrin solid
dispersion mixture prepared in 1:2 drug: polymer ratio by solvent
evaporation method had a higher solubility than other dispersions. DSC and
FTIR indicated the formation of solid dispersion without chemical
interaction between simvastatin and polymer. Orodispersible tablet prepared
with Emcosoy and Pullulan showed least wetting and disintegration times (20
and 35 s, respectively), fastest water sorption rate, and the highest
dissolution rate (100 % after 20 min). Conclusion: Orodispersible tablets
prepared with Emcosoy as superdisintegratnt and Pullulan as diluents and
containig simvastatin solid dispersion in hydroxylbutyl-β-cyclodextrin
provides optimum water solubility and hence, drug bioavailability. ©
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City,
300001 Nigeria. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
simvastatin (drug analysis, pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin
aerosil
disintegrating agent
emcosoy
magnesium stearate
mannitol
polacrillin
pullulan
saccharin sodium
talc
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
tablet formulation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled drug release
controlled study
differential scanning calorimetry
dispersion
drug solubility
evaporation
infrared spectrometry
solvent effect
tablet disintegration
tablet disintegration time
tablet friability
tablet hardness
tablet property
tablet thickness
tablet wetting
water absorption
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2 hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (94035-02-6)
magnesium stearate (557-04-0)
mannitol (69-65-8, 87-78-5)
pullulan (9057-02-7)
saccharin sodium (128-44-9)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
talc (14807-96-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013536230
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v12i4.4
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 229
TITLE
Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and lifestyle among women of
childbearing age: A Danish cross-sectional survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Laugesen K.
Andersen A.B.T.
Nørgaard M.
Nielsen R.B.
Thomsen R.W.
Larsen F.B.
Sørensen H.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Laugesen K., kristina.laugesen@studmed.au.dk; Andersen A.B.T.; Nørgaard M.;
Nielsen R.B.; Thomsen R.W.; Sørensen H.T.) Department of Clinical
Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital,
Aarhus, Denmark.
(Larsen F.B.) Public Health and Quality Improvement, Central Denmark Region,
Aarhus, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Laugesen, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical
Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. Email:
kristina.laugesen@studmed.au.dk
SOURCE
BMJ Open (2013) 3:7 Article Number: 003024. Date of Publication: 2013
ISSN
2044-6055 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
BMJ Publishing Group, Tavistock Square, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRIs) among Danish women of childbearing age according to lifestyle
factors. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: The Central Denmark
Region. Participants: 4234 women (71.5% of the invited women) aged 25-44
years who participated in a public health survey in 2006. Outcome measures:
Prevalence and prevalence ratios (PRs) of current and former SSRI use among
women characterised by selected lifestyle factors. We obtained information
on SSRI use through linkage to the Aarhus University Prescription Database
covering all pharmacies in the region. Results: Of the 4234 women in the
study, 161 (3.8%) were current SSRI users, 60 (1.4%) were recent users, 223
(5.3%) were former users and 3790 (89.5%) were never users. Current use of
SSRIs was more prevalent in obese women than in non-obese women (PR 1.5, 95%
CI 1.0 to 2.3), in current smokers compared with non-current smokers (PR
1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.2), in women who drank more than seven alcoholic drinks
weekly compared with women who drank seven or fewer drinks weekly (PR 1.8,
95% CI 1.2 to 2.8) and in women with an unhealthy diet compared with women
with a healthy diet (PR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Prevalence of former use of
SSRIs was similarly increased except in those with an unhealthy diet (PR
1.1, 95% CI 0.8 to 1.7). SSRI use did not differ according to participation
in regular physical activity. Conclusions: Women with an unhealthy lifestyle
were about 1.5-fold more likely to be current or former users of SSRIs than
those with a healthy lifestyle. These findings may be useful for
quantitative assessment of the contribution of lifestyle factors to
uncontrolled confounding in studies of SSRI use in pregnancy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
serotonin uptake inhibitor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
lifestyle
pregnancy
women's health
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol consumption
alcoholic beverage
article
body mass
cross-sectional study
Denmark
female
health survey
human
major clinical study
maternal age
obesity
physical activity
pregnancy outcome
prevalence
smoking
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Obstetrics and Gynecology (10)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013553340
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003024
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 230
TITLE
Medication changes: Who do community pharmacies in england receive
information from?
AUTHOR NAMES
Urban R.
Rana N.
Paloumpi E.
Morgan J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Urban R.; Rana N.; Paloumpi E.; Morgan J.) University of Bradford,
Bradford, United Kingdom.
(Urban R.) Bradford Institute For Health Research, Bradford, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Urban, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 21 SUPPL. 2 (110-111).
Date of Publication: September 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, RPS Annual Conference 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Birmingham, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-08 to 2013-09-09
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction Lack of communication to community pharmacy is a longstanding
issue. Recently measures to improve communication have been introduced
including guidance from the Royal Pharmaceutical Society (RPS)1 and the
introduction the Discharge Medicines Review (DMR) service in Wales. Previous
studies have shown that communication with community pharmacies can
contribute toward effective, seamless care and reduce error, 2 however,
there is little evidence which examines the range of different HCPs who
currently liaise with community pharmacy. This study explored which HCPs
communicate with community pharmacies regarding medication changes, the
extent of the communication and solutions for improvement. Method A
semi-structured interview schedule was compiled comprising three sections:
information on current practice, pharmacist opinions and additional
information. All pharmacies in one Yorkshire NHS Primary Care Trust (PCT)
were invited to participate. The pharmacies were grouped into geographical
areas; each area allocated two student researchers. One student asked
questions of the pharmacist and both students recorded the responses in
writing. Further questions were asked to clarify responses. Responses were
then analysed and grouped according to the interview schedule. Ethics
approval was granted by the NHS and local research committee. Results The
fourteen community pharmacists who participated rarely received information
regarding changes to patients' medication. Where they did, it was from
various different HCPs including general practice (GPs and practice
pharmacists), hospitals (namely hospital pharmacists), nursing homes,
warfarin clinics and substance misuse teams. Information was reported to be
'ad hoc' and 'inconsistent', with some pharmacists suggesting that the
communication relied on the conscientiousness of the individual or personal
relationships. Information received from GPs usually occurred postdischarge;
most commonly for patients who used monitored dosage systems (MDS).
Occasionally changes to medication were suggested to the GP through Medicine
Use Reviews; however often the only indication that these had been actioned
was through the receipt of an edited prescription rather than direct
communication. Most community pharmacies (12/14) had no communication with
practice pharmacists, despite each GP practice employing them. There was
intra and inter-hospital variability in the frequency of communication from
the hospital to community pharmacy; usually via post or fax. Nursing homes
frequently provided information when medication was stopped, started or
changed by the GPor secondary care, although the community pharmacy was not
always informed if the patient had been in hospital. Half (7/14) the
pharmacies received calls from drug misuse teams regarding dose changes or
patients newly initiated on therapy. In one case, the pharmacy received a
monthly list of all medication changes for their substance misuse patients.
Suggestions by the pharmacists interviewed to improve communication included
standardised systems and processes together with improved information
technology (IT) infrastructure. Discussion Community pharmacies seldom
receive information regarding changes to patients' medication. Where they
do, it is from a variety of HCPs, however, is infrequent and inconsistent.
Communication is vitally important to increase patient safety and seamless
care at transitions. Improvements and standardisation to systems and
processes including increased IT would improve communication and eliminate
some of the dependence on individuals. These qualitative results, whilst not
necessarily more widely generalisable, provide an in depth picture of
current practice and experiences of information transfer at transitions of
care. Further work to confirm whether these findings are reflected through
the UK and to establish the barriers to communication to community pharmacy
need to be explored.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
health care organization
pharmacy
United Kingdom
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug misuse
ethics
fax
general practice
hospital
human
information technology
interpersonal communication
interview
nursing home
patient
patient safety
pharmacist
prescription
primary medical care
scientist
secondary health care
semi structured interview
student
therapy
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12064
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 231
TITLE
Pharmacists' beliefs towards their contribution to improving the public's
health in United Kingdom: A systematic review
AUTHOR NAMES
Abuhamdah R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Abuhamdah R.) University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Abuhamdah, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 21 SUPPL. 2 (134-135).
Date of Publication: September 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, RPS Annual Conference 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Birmingham, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-08 to 2013-09-09
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction To increase the involvement of pharmacists in public health,
changes in the behaviour of pharmacists is required1. Theory of planned
behaviour has shown that attitudes and beliefs are important determinants of
behaviour2. The purpose of this project is to conduct a systematic review on
the literature relating to Pharmacists' beliefs towards their role in public
health and to summarise these findings in the view of the theory of planned
behaviour in order to inform how best to support and improve this service.
Research Method PICO model was used in this review and was interpreted as a)
Population: Community pharmacists, community pharmacy staff. b) Phenomenon
of Interest: beliefs: (attitudes, norms and control) of community
pharmacists about their public health role. c) Primary Outcome Measure:
Pharmacists' Behavioural Beliefs (attitude), Pharmacists' Normative Beliefs
(Subjective Norm) Pharmacists' Control Beliefs (perceived behavioural
control) about pharmacists and community pharmacy providing public health
services. d) Studies Included: quantitative and qualitative. Time Period:
January 2002 to December 2012. Electronic Databases Searched: MEDLINE,
EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Dissertation Abstracts International. Search
Terms: (pharm∗or pharmacy staff or community pharmacy) and (attitud∗or
belie∗or perce∗or knowledge or view or opinion) and (public health or health
improvement or health promotion or selfcare or selfmanagement or smoking
cessation or sexual health or prevent∗or diet or healthy diet or healthy
eating or exercise or physical activity or weight or health education or
chlamydia testing or emergency contraception or alcohol or needle exchange
or methadone or injecting equipment or drug misuse). Inclusion and Exclusion
Criteria: Papers should be published in journals or conferences, written in
English, and should not come under the category of abstract, tutorial, or
keynote. Data Extraction and Analysis: data extracted from studies was
tabulated against authors and study, year, and classification of papers
according to public health service. This data assessed according to
pharmacists' behavioural beliefs (attitude), normative beliefs (subjective
norm), control beliefs (perceived behavioural control) about pharmacists and
community pharmacy providing public health services. The issue of bias is
addressed by involving two researchers who separately examined compared
inclusion/exclusion lists and resolved any differences by discussion.
Results From the 6852 papers identified, 17 studies were included. Attitude:
Most pharmacists viewed public health services as important part of their
role and have positive attitude toward health improvement activities.
Subjective norms: Pharmacists showed concerns about being intrusive in
offering health advice and showed expectation of a negative reaction from
customers. Perceived behavioural control: Pharmacists reported some barriers
to providing public health services like lack of time or space and the need
for further training in a number of public health services. Conclusion In
order to improve public health services provided in community pharmacy,
subjective norms and perceived behavioural control should be addressed.
Appropriate training and support is needed in order to increase pharmacists'
confidence in providing public health services. Research is needed to
establish the attitudes of support staff to allowfor support and training to
be appropriately targeted for this group. This review should provide a good
insight for providers of education and training for pharmacists.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care organization
human
pharmacist
public health
systematic review
United Kingdom
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Chlamydia
classification
data base
data extraction
diet
drug misuse
eating
education
emergency contraception
exercise
health
health education
health promotion
model
needle
pharmacy
physical activity
population
PsycINFO
public health service
scientist
sexual health
smoking cessation
Theory of Planned Behavior
weight
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12064
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 232
TITLE
Smoking cessation determinants in STOP smoking program from Cluj Napoca,
Romania
AUTHOR NAMES
Todea D.A.
Brinzaniuc A.
Coman A.C.
Herescu A.C.
Rosca L.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brinzaniuc A., a-brinzaniuc@healthpolicy.ro; Coman A.C.,
dede.coman@yahoo.com; Herescu A.C., adasegarceanu@yahoo.com; Rosca L.E.,
loredanarosca@yahoo.com)
(Todea D.A., doina_adina@yahoo.com) Pneumology, University of Medicine and
Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj-Napoca, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.A. Todea, Pneumology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu
Cluj-Napoca, Cluj Napoca, Romania. Email: doina_adina@yahoo.com
SOURCE
European Respiratory Journal (2013) 42 SUPPL. 57. Date of Publication: 1 Sep
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Barcelona, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-07 to 2013-09-11
ISSN
0903-1936
BOOK PUBLISHER
European Respiratory Society
ABSTRACT
Cigarette smoking affects almost every system of the human body, thus
causing multiple diseases. The risk of serious disease decreases rapidly
after quitting. The aim of the study was to establish which were the
determinants in smoking cessation process. Material and methods: We
conducted a study from2008-2010. Study subjects included all smokers,
outpatients, who visited Respiratory Medicine Department, University of
Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj Napoca in order to quit smoking.
We collected Demographic data, detailed smoking history, detailed medical
history with the presence of comorbidities, Fagerström test (FT) for
nicotine dependence. Smoking history included pack-years (PYS), number of
cigarettes per day, starting age, existence of quitting smoking attempt. The
treatment options included counseling, bupropion SR, varenicline and
nicotine patches. Results: From 441 subjects 52,6 % were males, 47,4 %
females; mean age 39,4, median 39; 34,9 % had a disease, FT mean was 6,28,
median 6,00; PYS mean was 23,66; median 20,00; number of cigarettes per day
mean=23,75; median =20,00; starting age mean -18,39; median-18,00; and 58,7
% had an anterior smoking attempt. At the end of the treatment 54,2 % were
nonsmokers and 45,8 smokers. From treatment options varenicline (OR= 6,4)
was superior to bupropion SR (OR=2,55) and nicotine patches (OR=0,38);
existence of quitting smoking attempt and starting age also influence the
final outcome. Conclusions: The treatment but also other determinants are
important in the smoking cessation process.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone
nicotine patch
varenicline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
environment
European
quality of life
Romania
smoking
smoking cessation
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
art
counseling
diseases
female
human
male
medical history
outpatient
pharmacy
risk
tobacco dependence
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 233
TITLE
Using virtual reality in the practical teaching of pharmacology in the
degree of medicine. Strengths and weaknesses
AUTHOR NAMES
Valdizán E.M.
Pilar F.
Vidal R.
Villar A.
Tramullas M.
Martinez-Cue C.
Castro E.
Diaz A.
Hurlé M.A.
Pazos A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Valdizán E.M.; Pilar F.; Vidal R.; Villar A.; Tramullas M.; Martinez-Cue
C.; Castro E.; Diaz A.; Hurlé M.A.; Pazos A.) Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
(Valdizán E.M.; Pilar F.; Vidal R.; Castro E.; Diaz A.; Pazos A.) IBBTEC,
University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
(Valdizán E.M.; Pilar F.; Vidal R.; Castro E.; Diaz A.; Pazos A.) CIBERSAM,
University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.M. Valdizán, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of
Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2013) 113 SUPPL. 1 (9-10).
Date of Publication: September 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
34th Congress of the Spanish Society of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-16 to 2013-09-19
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The main characteristic of virtual learning environments (VLE) is to
facilitate the learning of the student and its management by the teacher.
The use of these resources by teachers involves knowledge and skill in the
design and management of virtual learning scenarios. Since the 70s until the
start of 21st century, the study of pharmacology in the third year of the
Bachelor of Medicine at the University of Cantabria included both,
theoretical classes and practical laboratory classes with animals (rat or
cat), which allowed students to observe the drug effects in a living
organism (influence of dose, routes of administration, desired effects and
unwanted variability in response, etc.). But in the recent years, the
legislative changes together with the attitude of students and society, in
general, towards the use of experimental animals have been forced to change
our teaching methods. Thus why in the University Medical School of Cantabria
we are now including virtual reality based computer programs to replace
laboratory animals in practical classes: Ciberpatient, a simulator of time
course of plasma levels of the drugs in the body in response to the change
of specific pharmacokinetic parameters and developed by Michael B. Bolger at
the University of Southern California, and the Cardiovascular system a
simulated experiment on a 'pithed' rat, developed by Rat John Dempster in
the University of Strathclyde. We must highlight that these VLE are a great
tool as a substitute of experimental animals to 'see' the pharmacological
effects of the drugs; indeed, the problems we are facing when using this
technology in teaching are more 'logistic' than technical ones. From a
pedagogical point of view, VLE simulators on their own do not add any
educational value to a learning environment since it is essential to make
use of them with a pedagogical proposal, being able to leverage their
strengths and avoid their drawbacks. If we follow a similar methodology to
that used in classroom training, no significant differences in student
learning are found when using VLE. Even more, they provoke a greater
personal involvement of students in the experience; enable the projection of
the potential of the methodology to other areas and the development of
autonomy. When a constructivist teaching approach is adopted, the level of
achievement of the learning objectives and knowledge construction are
clearly favoured. From the point of view of learning achievements, the
following features of VLE must be highlighted: 1. Provoke a more active and
participatory learning. 2. Allow the development of autonomous learning. 3.
Favours a critical attitude towards learning. 4. Improve student's
self-concept and self-esteem. 5. Students tend to believe everything said by
the teacher or written in a textbook whereas this new model helps students
to understand the need to expand their academic training by searching
information from other sources and to maintain a critical attitude toward
knowledge. 6. Students show interest, motivation and willingness to learn
actively and autonomously. The main limitations of VLE technology we have
detected are: 1. The data obtained in the current simulators are very
homogeneous, so that all classroom computers get exactly the same value of
the parameter analyzed, this can confuse our students about the diversity of
the response to drugs in a living organism. 2. The system does not detect if
the dose is correct or not and then acting accordingly. 3. In many cases the
price of these simulators is high. Although the final cost is less than the
number of animals used every year, it is difficult to convince our
institutions to make large initial investments. 4. There is a lack of
training of the university teachers who use these programs so that the
potential and capabilities of these simulators are not always adequately
exploited. Overall, virtual computer programs, rather than a collection of
experimental recordings are a good alternative to animal experimentation as
a teaching methodology in practical classes of Pharmacology to Medical
students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacology
society
teaching
virtual reality
weakness
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
animal experiment
blood level
book
cardiovascular system
cat
computer
computer program
drug effect
experimental animal
human
implantable cardioverter defibrillator
investment
laboratory
learning
learning environment
medical school
medical student
methodology
model
motivation
organisms
parameters
pharmacokinetics
rat
recording
self concept
self esteem
simulator
skill
student
teacher
technology
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12101-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 234
TITLE
Clinical pharmacist to improve the pharmacological appropriateness in
residential social care for elderly
AUTHOR NAMES
Franchin G.
Bolcato J.
Caparrotta L.
Terrazzani G.
Chinellato A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Franchin G.; Bolcato J.; Caparrotta L.; Terrazzani G.; Chinellato A.)
Servizio Farmaceutico Territoriale AULSS 9, Treviso Dipartimento di scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Franchin, Servizio Farmaceutico Territoriale AULSS 9, Treviso
Dipartimento di scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova,
Padova, Italy.
SOURCE
European Geriatric Medicine (2013) 4 SUPPL. 1 (S164-S165). Date of
Publication: September 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
9th Congress of the European Union Geriatric Medicine Society, EUGMS 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Venice, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-10-02 to 2013-10-04
ISSN
1878-7649
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Masson SAS
ABSTRACT
Introduction.- Elderly residents in Nursing Homes (NHs) are affected by
disorders that often lead to permanent disability with significant health
care needs and expenditure. This study presents a project of a computerized
management of therapies supported by a pharmacist placed by side of the
medical and paramedical staff in NHs to improve the pharmacological end
points by drug appropriateness. Methods.- One year observational study of
2050 residents (mean age 83 years, 23%Mvs 77% F), in 25 NHs of the Local
Health Authority (LHA) of Treviso. A clinical pharmacist by a dedicated
software recorded age, gender, and medications for each NH residents, to
identify elderly in severe polypharmacy. Drugs were classified by the
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) code (ATC5) to identify
chemical/therapeutic subgroup. Results.- The therapies mainly involved the
blood and bloodforming organs (4053 DDD/1000/day), the cardiovascular system
(1861 DDD/1000/day), the gastro-intestinal tract and metabolism (1355
DDD/1000/day), the nervous system (735 DDD/1000/day), the bone
remineralization, mostly bisphosphonates (96 DDD/1000/day). The 73% of
patients were in polypharmacy, prescribed on a number of drugs equal or
greater than six: to 56.5% of them were prescribed 6-9 medications, to 22.5%
10-11 medications, while the remaining 21% from 12-21. Conclusion.-
Considering the frailty of most elderly examined in this study and the
extensive use of drugs, the pharmacist collaboration with NHs staff improved
the therapeutic effectiveness and over that reduced the risk of drug-induced
problems. Furthermore, as 'pharmaceutical care provider', the pharmacist
improved the use of health care resources.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
bisphosphonic acid derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aged
European Union
geriatrics
human
pharmacist
social care
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood
bone
cardiovascular system
computer program
disability
diseases
drug therapy
gastrointestinal tract
gender
health
health care
health care need
metabolism
nervous system
nursing home
observational study
paramedical personnel
patient
pharmaceutical care
polypharmacy
risk
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.549
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 235
TITLE
Impact of a clinical pharmacist in the multi-specialized hospital: An
Egyptian Trial
AUTHOR NAMES
Sabry N.
Abbassi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sabry N.; Abbassi M.) Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Sabry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 21 SUPPL. 2 (46-47). Date
of Publication: September 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, RPS Annual Conference 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Birmingham, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-09-08 to 2013-09-09
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction Patient safety is a main goal in any treatment protocol. Drugs
are not licensed worldwide until they are proven to be safe & efficacious.
However, drug related problems (DRPs) represent a worldwide concern. A DRP
can be defined as 'A circumstance that involves a patient's drug treatment
that actually, or potentially, interferes with the achievement of an optimal
outcome' (1). This can include any stage of drug use starting from
prescribing process, all through dispensing, administration & then possible
adverse events. Medication review is a structured evaluation of patient's
medicines, aimed at optimizing the impact of medications while minimizing
their related problems. DRPs are frequent in Egyptians hospitals, cause
increased costs & had never been properly addressed, which encouraged the
present authors to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist in providing
pharmaceutical care. Methodology This prospective work was conducted between
June & December 2012, at a 150-bed Egyptian general hospital. Five trained
pharmacists with the same level of qualifications & experience were
specially recruited to conduct a structured medication review process &
record patient-specific medication related recommendations & complete
quality-of-care interventions. All identified DRPs & interventions proposed
were recorded & stratified according to their type. rate of resistance to
pharmacist interventions were calculated. Ninety five percent confidence
intervals (95% CI) were calculated when possible. The medication review
process was not a service routinely provided in the hospital. Institutional
review boards of Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University as well as the
hospital approved the study. Written informed consent was deemed
unnecessary. Results The total audited doses by the pharmacists were 43072
(81%), 33096 (68%), 36509 (76%), 37129 (71%), 35866 (80%), 43240
(97%),&48749 (98%) with an average rate of 81%. The most prevalent DRPs were
prescribing errors followed by administration errors, then medication
overdose. The greatest error rates across the 7 months were observed in the
ICUs & cardiology units (average of 22%). Numbers of interventions offered
by the pharmacists ranged in the study period from 241, to 519 per months.
Nurses accepted all the interventions introduced by the pharmacists aimed at
reducing administration errors while physicians resistance rates had an
average of 21%. Resistance rates were relatively high among ICU specialists,
internal medicine specialties as well as in surgery. During the study
period, A total of 20 (92 doses) patients experienced adverse drug events
(ADRs). The highest was observed during the first month of the service were
ADRs represented 2.8% of the total problems detected during June. Out of the
reported 20 patients one of only was prescribed as allergic & the rest were
non-allergic. Thirteen (70 doses) of the recorded events resulted in death
or serious events & required urgent intervention including ICU admission,
discontinuing medication, treatment change, or extra monitoring. Discussion
This study records the pharmacists' interventions in the secondary care
setting & the measures taken by the hospital as a result of the pharmacists
review. Pharmacists were effectively able to intervene&correct all
administration errors while physicians especially consultants were more
resistant to interventions. The percentage of doses reviewed increased along
the study except for August & September. Ramadan - the fasting month - came
during August and could be the reason behind this decline, where the daily
working hours decreased from 6 hours daily to four hours only. DRP rates in
the present study had an average of 2.8% of audited doses, matching
international rates; 1.5% prescribing errors in United Kingdom (UK) & 6.2%
in the United States of America (USA).(2) ICUs where the highest percentage
of DRPs to be recorded. This could be attributed to the presence of
substantial patient safety challenges because of the fast-pace, complex
problems, and the urgent high-risk decision-making by physicians with
varying levels of critical care training. Furthermore, critically ill
patients may be vulnerable to iatrogenic injury because of the severity &
instability of their illness. This study showed a positive influence of the
pharmacistled medication review in reducing potential drug-related problems
in Egyptian secondary care where the hospital under study implemented new
measures to minimize drug related problems according to the findings of the
trained pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care organization
hospital
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
adverse drug reaction
cardiology
confidence interval
consultation
critically ill patient
death
decision making
diet restriction
diseases
drug therapy
drug use
general hospital
iatrogenic disease
informed consent
institutional review
intensive care
internal medicine
intoxication
medical specialist
methodology
monitoring
nurse
patient
patient safety
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
physician
risk
secondary health care
surgery
United Kingdom
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijpp.12064
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 236
TITLE
Nasal drug delivery in traditional Persian medicine
AUTHOR NAMES
Zarshenas Mohammad
Zargaran A.
Maüller J.
Mohagheghzadeh A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zarshenas Mohammad) Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
(Zarshenas Mohammad; Mohagheghzadeh A.) Pharmaceutical Sciences Research
Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
(Zargaran A., zargarana@sums.ac.ir; Mohagheghzadeh A.) Department of
Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical
Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
(Zargaran A., zargarana@sums.ac.ir) Research Office for the History of
Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
(Maüller J.) University of Marburg, Institute for the History of Pharmacy,
Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Zargaran, Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy,
Karafarin street, PO Box: 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran. Email:
zargarana@sums.ac.ir
SOURCE
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2013) 8:3 (144-148).
Date of Publication: August 2013
ISSN
1735-7780
2228-7876 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 61357-33184, Ahvaz,
Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: Over one hundred different pharmaceutical dosage forms have been
recorded in literatures of Traditional Persian Medicine among which nasal
forms are considerable. Objectives: This study designed to derive the most
often applied nasal dosage forms together with those brief clinical
administrations. Materials and Methods: In the current study remaining
pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persia during 9th to 18th century AD have been
studied and different dosage forms related to nasal application of herbal
medicines and their therapeutic effects were derived. Results: By searching
through pharmaceutical manuscripts of medieval Persia, different nasal
dosage forms involving eleven types related to three main groups are found.
These types could be derived from powder, solution or liquid and gaseous
forms. Gaseous form were classified into fumigation (Bakhoor), vapor bath
(Enkebab), inhalation (Lakhlakheh), aroma agents (Ghalieh) and olfaction or
smell (Shomoom). Nasal solutions were as drops (Ghatoor), nasal snuffing
drops (Saoot) and liquid snuffformulations (Noshoogh). Powders were as nasal
insufflation or snorting agents (Nofookh) and errhine or sternutator
medicine (Otoos). Nasal forms were not applied only for local purposes.
Rather systemic disorders and specially CNS complications were said to be a
target for these dosage forms. Discussion: While this novel type of drug
delivery is known as a suitable substitute for oral and parenteral
administration, it was well accepted and extensively mentioned in Persian
medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts and other traditional systems of
medicine as well. Accordingly, medieval pharmaceutical standpoints on nasal
dosage forms could still be an interesting subject of study. Therefore, the
current work can briefly show the pharmaceutical knowledge on nasal
formulations in medieval Persia and clarify a part of history of traditional
Persian pharmacy. © 2013, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University
of Medical Sciences; Licensee DocS Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nose drops
plant extract (pharmaceutics)
unclassified drug
Ziziphus spina-christi extract (pharmaceutics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug delivery system
traditional medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aeration
Alhagi maurorum
aroma
article
cerebrovascular accident
drug formulation
epistaxis
Euphorbia
Euphorbia resinifera
facial nerve paralysis
Ferula
Ferula persica
first pass effect
fumigation
germander
Glaucium corniculatum
headache
herbal medicine
inhalation
Malus pumila
medical literature
medicinal plant
molecular weight
nonhuman
nose cavity
odor
paralysis
particle size
powder
Ruta graveolens
smelling
substance abuse
sugarcane
Teucrium montanum
tobacco
vapor
vertigo
Ziziphus spina-christi
Zygophyllaceae
Zygophyllum fabago
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014047159
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 237
TITLE
In vitro anti-rotaviral activity of Achillea kellalensis
AUTHOR NAMES
Taherkhani R.
Farshadpour F.
Makvandi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Taherkhani R.; Farshadpour F.; Makvandi M., manoochehrmakvandi29@yahoo.com)
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapour
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Taherkhani R.; Farshadpour F.; Makvandi M., manoochehrmakvandi29@yahoo.com)
Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur
University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Makvandi, Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Email:
manoochehrmakvandi29@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products (2013) 8:3 (138-143).
Date of Publication: August 2013
ISSN
1735-7780
2228-7876 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 61357-33184, Ahvaz,
Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: Achillea kellalensis, which is frequently used by Chaharmahal va
Bakhtiarians residing in, Southwest of Iran, as a traditional herbal
medicine for the treatment of acute diarrhea, has been selected to examine
its antiviral activities against bovine rotavirus and cell toxicity activity
in MA-104 cells. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in
vitro cytotoxic and anti-rotavirus properties of crude extracts of A.
kellalensis. Materials and Methods: The dried and powdered flowers of
Achillea kellalensis were extracted with hot water and ethanol 50% (v/v).
The cell viability and toxicity of the extracts were evaluated on MA-104
cells using four methods; trypan blue dye, NR, crystal violet and MTT assay.
The in vitro anti-rotavirus properties were determined via four different
assays, in order to evaluate the direct inhibition and/or the inhibition of
viral replication. Results: Cytotoxicity of two A. kellalensis extracts
showed different concentrations. Hydro-alcoholic extract had low CC50 at 600
μg/mL by the NR assay while the aqueous extract had high CC50 at 1000μg/mL
by the crystal violet method. In the simultaneous treatment assay and post
treatment assay, the extracts were able to prevent viral replication and
inhibit the viral CPE on MA-104 cells at 10 TCID50, but the extracts did not
exhibit direct antiviral activity on rotavirus adsorption. The effective
concentration (EC50) of both extracts was observed to be 100 μg/mL.
Conclusions: These results indicate that A. kellalensis extracts exert
potent anti-rotaviral activity only after viral adsorption. The two extracts
from A. kellalensis showed a good selectivity index. Also these results
suggest that extracts prepared from the flowers of A. kellalensis may be
potential anti-rotaviral agents in vivo and be useful in veterinary
medicine. © 2013, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
Medical Sciences; Licensee DocS Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
achillea kellalensis extract (pharmacology)
antivirus agent (pharmacology)
plant extract (pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
crystal violet
hot water
neutral red
trypan blue
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Achillea
Achillea kellalensis
antirotaviral activity
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
antiviral activity
article
cell viability
concentration response
drug cytotoxicity
in vitro study
MTT assay
virus attachment
virus inhibition
virus replication
virus titration
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
crystal violet (467-63-0, 548-62-9)
neutral red (553-24-2)
trypan blue (72-57-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014047158
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 238
TITLE
The use and misuse of prescription stimulants as "cognitive enhancers" by
students at one academic health sciences center
AUTHOR NAMES
Bossaer J.B.
Gray J.A.
Miller S.E.
Enck G.
Gaddipati V.C.
Enck R.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bossaer J.B., bossaer@etsu.edu; Gray J.A.; Miller S.E.) Department of
Pharmacy Practice, Gatton College of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State
University, Johnson City, TN, United States.
(Enck G.) Philosophy Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN,
United States.
(Enck G.) Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
(Gaddipati V.C.) University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,
United States.
(Enck R.E.) Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine,
East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.B. Bossaer, Box 70657, Johnson City, TN 37614, United States. Email:
bossaer@etsu.edu
SOURCE
Academic Medicine (2013) 88:7 (967-971). Date of Publication: July 2013
ISSN
1040-2446
1938-808X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327,
Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Prescription stimulant use as "cognitive enhancers" has been
described among undergraduate college students. However, the use of
prescription stimulants among future health care professionals is not well
characterized. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of
prescription stimulant misuse among students at an academic health sciences
center. METHOD: Electronic surveys were e-mailed to 621 medical, pharmacy,
and respiratory therapy students at East Tennessee State University for four
consecutive weeks in fall 2011. Completing the survey was voluntary and
anonymous. Surveys asked about reasons for, frequency of, and side effects
of nonprescription misuse of prescription stimulants. Given the sensitive
material, an opportunity to win one of ten $50 gift cards was used as an
incentive. RESULTS: Three hundred seventy-two (59.9%) students completed the
survey from three disciplines (47.6% medical, 70.5% pharmacy, and 57.6%
respiratory therapy). Overall, 11.3% of responders admitted to misusing
prescription stimulants. There was more misuse by respiratory therapy
students, although this was not statistically significant (10.9% medicine,
9.7% pharmacy, 26.3% respiratory therapy; P = .087). Reasons for
prescription stimulant misuse included to enhance alertness/energy (65.9%),
to improve academic performance (56.7%), to experiment (18.2%), and to use
recreationally/get high (4.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Prescription stimulant misuse
was prevalent among participating students, but further research is needed
to describe prevalence among future health care workers more generally. The
implications and consequences of such misuse require further study across
professions with emphasis on investigating issues of academic dishonesty
(e.g., "cognitive enhancement"), educational quality, and patient safety or
health care quality.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central stimulant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognition
drug misuse
medical personnel
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
artificial ventilation
drug effect
human
medical student
pharmacy student
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
23702522 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23702522)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e318294fc7b
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 239
TITLE
Health promotion and public engagement: an alternative to the traditional
final year project
AUTHOR NAMES
Hall J.
Hughes J.
Parmar H.
Rhodes M.
Crabtree V.
Smith I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hall J.; Hughes J., jenny.k.hughes@manchester.ac.uk; Parmar H.; Rhodes M.;
Crabtree V.; Smith I.) The University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Hughes, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom. Email:
jenny.k.hughes@manchester.ac.uk
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2013) 13:1 (108-109). Date of Publication: 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
Monash Pharmacy Education Symposium 2013 - Teaching for Learning
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prato, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-07-08 to 2013-07-10
ISSN
1560-2214
1477-2701 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
FIP
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pharmacy undergraduate students must demonstrate a systematic
and critical awareness of current knowledge and bring originality to their
application of this knowledge.(GPhC, 2011) In the past, this has been
achieved by students completing traditional research projects but the task
of finding meaningful individual project titles and supervising these is
becoming more challenging with increasing student numbers. This abstract
describes work in progress as we attempt to achieve the above learning
outcomes supervising student-led health promotion initiatives. Methods:
Eight groups of final year pharmacy students selected their own area of
health promotion. Students individually conducted a literature review on
their chosen area. Systematic and critical awareness was assessed. Each
group of students planned and carried out two separate health promotion
events and the originality in application was assessed via a self-reflection
diary they completed during the events. The student reports will be graded
using the standard project grading form. Results: The topics selected by the
students were: smoking cessation, asthma, substance abuse, cardiovascular
disease, HIV infection, alcohol, and cancer awareness. The health promotion
events included displays in train stations, shopping centres, and the
students’ union. Compared with previous projects, the staff supervising
these projects found the students engaged more fully with the activities and
they demonstrated high levels of originality in their execution of the
health promotion events. Conclusion: Upon completion, the work will be
evaluated by ascertaining staff and students’ views on their experience and
investigating student achievement of the learning objectives.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health promotion
learning
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
asthma
cardiovascular disease
human
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
neoplasm
pharmacy
pharmacy student
shopping
smoking cessation
student
substance abuse
undergraduate student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 240
TITLE
Round 2 delphi results of the national hospital clinical pharmacy key
performance indicators consensus process
AUTHOR NAMES
Gorman S.
Toombs K.
Shukla S.
Lo J.
Bannerman H.
Slavik R.
Semchuk B.
Doucette D.
Chan W.
Benninger N.
MacKinnon N.
Bell C.
Slobodan J.
Lyder C.
Fernandes O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gorman S.; Slavik R.) Interior Health Authority, Kelowna, Canada.
(Toombs K.) Capital Health, Halifax, Canada.
(Shukla S.; Lo J.; Bannerman H.; Chan W.; Benninger N.; Fernandes O.) Leslie
Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
(Semchuk B.) Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina, Canada.
(Doucette D.) Horizon Health Network, Moncton, Canada.
(MacKinnon N.) University of Arizona, Tucson, United States.
(Bell C.) Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
(Slobodan J.) Alberta Health Services, Red Deer, Canada.
(Lyder C.) Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Edmonton, Canada.
(Lyder C.) Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Ottawa, Canada.
(Fernandes O.) University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Gorman, Interior Health Authority, Kelowna, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2013) 66:4 (266). Date of
Publication: 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Summer Educational Sessions, SES of the Canadian Society of Hospital
Pharmacists, CSHP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Calgary , AB, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-08-10 to 2013-08-13
ISSN
0008-4123
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists
ABSTRACT
Background: Key performance indicators (KPI) are quantifiable measures of
healthcare quality. A working group of Canadian hospital pharmacists
developed national consensus selection criteria and candidate clinical
pharmacy key performance indicators (cpKPIs) that may be suitable for
advancing clinical pharmacy practice. Description/Action: Objective-to
report Round 2 Delphi quantitative cpKPI rankings from a systematic,
evidence-informed, national consensus building process. A modified Delphi
approach was utilized and a Delphi panel comprising of 26 hospital
pharmacists from ten provinces was convened. Two of 3 rounds of an
electronic Delphi survey instrument and a live Delphi meeting were
conducted. Panelists ranked twenty-nine candidate cpKPIs on 11 predetermined
critical KPI attributes using a 9-point Likert scale. Additionally, an
overall score was assigned to determine whether the cpKPI would be useful
for advancing clinical pharmacy practice to improve the quality of patient
care. The a-priori consensus criterion was attained if 75% of the panelists
assigned an overall rating ≥ 7 on the Likert scale. Evaluation: Eight
candidate cpKPIs met the consensus definition after round two of the Delphi
process: 1) pharmacist admission medication reconciliation; 2) pharmacist
participation in interprofessional patient care rounds; 3) the number of
drug therapy problems (DTPs) resolved; 4) patients who received in-person
pharmacist education about their diseases and medications; 5) pharmacist
discharge medication counseling; 6) pharmacist discharge medication
reconciliation; 7) combined BPMH admission medication reconciliation; and 8)
“bundled” proactive direct patient care provided by a pharmacist. Notably,
an additional cpKPI evaluating the number (or proportion) of patients for
whom pharmacists have completed a pharmaceutical care plan was developed
after round two. Implications: Eight candidate cpKPI met the consensus
criteria after round 2 of 3 in a modified Delphi process. The measurement of
performance indicators at a national level may serve to advance clinical
pharmacy practice and improve patient outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
consensus
hospital
human
pharmacist
society
summer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
counseling
Delphi study
diseases
drug therapy
education
health care quality
Likert scale
medication therapy management
patient
patient care
pharmaceutical care
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 241
TITLE
Potentiating effects of Lactuca sativa on pentobarbital-induced sleep
AUTHOR NAMES
Ghorbani A.
Rakhshandeh H.
Sadeghnia H.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ghorbani A.; Rakhshandeh H., rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir; Sadeghnia H.R.)
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine,
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
(Rakhshandeh H., rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir) Department of Pharmacology, School
of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
(Sadeghnia H.R.) Neurocognitive Research Center, School of Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Rakhshandeh, Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School
of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Email:
rakhshandehh@mums.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:2 (401-406). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Traditionally, Lactuca sativa (lettuce) has been recommended for its
hypnotic property. The present study was planned to investigate
sleep-prolonging effect of this plant. The hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE) of
lettuce and its water fraction (WF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and
n-butanol fraction (NBF) were administrated (IP) to mice 30 min before the
pentobarbital injection. Moreover, both in-vivo and in-vitro toxicity of the
extracts were determined. The quality of HAE and NBF was also evaluated
using HPLC fingerprint. The HAE prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleep
duration at dose of 400 mg/Kg. The NBF was the only fraction which could
increase the sleep duration and decrease sleep latency. The effects of NBF
were comparable to those of induced by diazepam. The LD(50)-value for HAE
was found to be 4.8 g/Kg. No neurotoxic effect was observed either by HAE or
by its fractions in cultured PC12 neuron-like cells. The results suggest
that lettuce potentiates pentobarbital hypnosis without major toxic effect.
The main component(s) responsible for this effect is most likely to be
non-polar agent(s) which found in NBF of this plant. © 2013 by School of
Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Lactuca sativa extract (drug analysis, drug development, intraperitoneal
drug administration)
plant extract (drug analysis, drug development, intraperitoneal drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetic acid ethyl ester
butanol
diazepam
dimethyl sulfoxide
penicillin derivative
pentobarbital
sodium chloride
streptomycin
unclassified drug
water
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypnosis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute toxicity
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
cytotoxicity
high performance liquid chromatography
lettuce
male
mouse
neurotoxicity
nonhuman
sleep induction
sleep time
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetic acid ethyl ester (141-78-6)
butanol (35296-72-1, 71-36-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
dimethyl sulfoxide (67-68-5)
pentobarbital (57-33-0, 76-74-4)
sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
streptomycin (57-92-1)
water (7732-18-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013373739
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 242
TITLE
The role of academic pharmacy in tobacco cessation and control
AUTHOR NAMES
McBane S.E.
Corelli R.L.
Albano C.B.
Conry J.M.
Della Paolera M.A.
Kennedy A.K.
Jenkins A.T.
Hudmon K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McBane S.E.; Corelli R.L.; Albano C.B.; Conry J.M.; Della Paolera M.A.;
Kennedy A.K.; Jenkins A.T.; Hudmon K.S.) Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla,
California, USA
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2013) 77:5 (93). Date of
Publication: 12 Jun 2013
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Despite decades of public health initiatives, tobacco use remains the
leading known preventable cause of death in the United States. Clinicians
have a proven, positive effect on patients' ability to quit, and pharmacists
are strategically positioned to assist patients with quitting. The American
Association of Colleges of Pharmacy recognizes health promotion and disease
prevention as a key educational outcome; as such, tobacco cessation
education should be a required component of pharmacy curricula to ensure
that all pharmacy graduates possess the requisite evidence-based knowledge
and skills to intervene with patients who use tobacco. Faculty members
teaching tobacco cessation-related content must be knowledgeable and
proficient in providing comprehensive cessation counseling, and all
preceptors and practicing pharmacists providing direct patient care should
screen for tobacco use and provide at least minimal counseling as a routine
component of care. Pharmacy organizations should establish policies and
resolutions addressing the profession's role in tobacco cessation and
control, and the profession should work together to eliminate tobacco sales
in all practice settings where pharmacy services are rendered.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prevention and control
procedures
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
attitude to health
clinical competence
curriculum
education
health personnel attitude
human
patient advocacy
professional standard
public health
school
smoking
smoking cessation
teaching
tobacco dependence (therapy)
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
23788804 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23788804)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe77593
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 243
TITLE
The role of academic pharmacy in tobacco cessation and control.
AUTHOR NAMES
McBane S.E.
Corelli R.L.
Albano C.B.
Conry J.M.
Della Paolera M.A.
Kennedy A.K.
Jenkins A.T.
Hudmon K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McBane S.E.) Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
(Corelli R.L.; Albano C.B.; Conry J.M.; Della Paolera M.A.; Kennedy A.K.;
Jenkins A.T.; Hudmon K.S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.E. McBane, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2013) 77:5 (93). Date of
Publication: 12 Jun 2013
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Despite decades of public health initiatives, tobacco use remains the
leading known preventable cause of death in the United States. Clinicians
have a proven, positive effect on patients' ability to quit, and pharmacists
are strategically positioned to assist patients with quitting. The American
Association of Colleges of Pharmacy recognizes health promotion and disease
prevention as a key educational outcome; as such, tobacco cessation
education should be a required component of pharmacy curricula to ensure
that all pharmacy graduates possess the requisite evidence-based knowledge
and skills to intervene with patients who use tobacco. Faculty members
teaching tobacco cessation-related content must be knowledgeable and
proficient in providing comprehensive cessation counseling, and all
preceptors and practicing pharmacists providing direct patient care should
screen for tobacco use and provide at least minimal counseling as a routine
component of care. Pharmacy organizations should establish policies and
resolutions addressing the profession's role in tobacco cessation and
control, and the profession should work together to eliminate tobacco sales
in all practice settings where pharmacy services are rendered.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
smoking (prevention)
smoking cessation
teaching
tobacco dependence (therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic pharmacy
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
curriculum
health personnel attitude
human
methodology
patient advocacy
policy
professional standard
public health
school
tobacco
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23788804 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23788804)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 244
TITLE
Evaluation of clinical pharmacist recommendations in the geriatric ward of a
Belgian university hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Somers A.
Robays H.
De Paepe P.
Van Maele G.
Perehudoff K.
Petrovic M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Somers A., annemie.somers@uzgent.be; Robays H.) Department of Pharmacy,
Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
(De Paepe P.) Department of Emergency Medicine, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium.
(Van Maele G.) Department of Medical Statistics, Ghent University Hospital,
Ghent, Belgium.
(Perehudoff K.; Petrovic M.) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University
Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Somers, Department of Pharmacy, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan
185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Email: annemie.somers@uzgent.be
SOURCE
Clinical Interventions in Aging (2013) 8 (703-709). Date of Publication: 12
Jun 2013
ISSN
1176-9092
1178-1998 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Dove Medical Press Ltd., PO Box 300-008, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the type, acceptance rate, and clinical relevance of
clinical pharmacist recommendations at the geriatric ward of the Ghent
university hospital. Methods: The clinical pharmacist evaluated drug use
during a weekly 2-hour visit for a period of 4 months and, if needed, made
recommendations to the prescribing physician. The recommendations were
classified according to type, acceptance by the physician, prescribed
medication, and underlying drug-related problem. Appropriateness of
prescribing was assessed using the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI)
before and after the recommendations were made. Two clinical pharmacologists
and two clinical pharmacists independently and retrospectively evaluated the
clinical relevance of the recommendations and rated their own acceptance of
them. Results: The clinical pharmacist recommended 304 drug therapy changes
for 100 patients taking a total of 1137 drugs. The most common underlying
drug-related problems concerned incorrect dose, drug-drug interaction, and
adverse drug reaction, which appeared most frequently for cardiovascular
drugs, drugs for the central nervous system, and drugs for the
gastrointestinal tract. The most common type of recommendation concerned
adapting the dose, and stopping or changing a drug. In total, 59.7% of the
recommendations were accepted by the treating physician. The acceptance rate
by the evaluators ranged between 92.4% and 97.0%. The mean clinical
relevance of the recommendations was assessed as possibly important (53.4%),
possibly low relevance (38.1%), and possibly very important (4.2%). A low
interrater agreement concerning clinical relevance between the evaluators
was found: kappa values ranged between 0.15 and 0.25. Summated MAI scores
significantly improved after the pharmacist recommendations, with mean
values decreasing from 9.3 to 6.2 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study,
the clinical pharmacist identified a high number of potential drug-related
problems in older patients; however, the acceptance of the pharmacotherapy
recommendations by the treating physician was lower than by a panel of
evaluators. This panel, however, rated most recommendations as possibly
important and as possibly having low relevance, with low interrater
reliability. As the appropriateness of prescribing seemed to improve with
decreased MAI scores, clinical pharmacy services may contribute to the
optimization of drug therapy in older inpatients. © 2013 Somers et al,
publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alendronic acid (drug therapy)
amiodarone (drug interaction)
analgesic agent
antibiotic agent
anticoagulant agent
antidiabetic agent
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
calcium (drug combination, drug therapy)
cardiovascular agent
carvedilol
central stimulant agent
corticosteroid
digoxin
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor
diuretic agent
domperidone (drug interaction)
haloperidol (drug interaction)
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor
hypnotic agent
levofloxacin
lisinopril
methylprednisolone (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent
nitrofurantoin
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
proton pump inhibitor
ranitidine
simvastatin (drug dose)
unindexed drug
vitamin D (drug combination, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
geriatric hospital
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Belgium
drug choice
drug substitution
drug use
drug withdrawal
geriatric patient
hospital pharmacy
human
inappropriate prescribing
interrater reliability
low drug dose
osteoporosis (drug therapy)
physical performance
physician
potentially inappropriate medication
practice guideline
prescription
scoring system
university hospital
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alendronic acid (66376-36-1)
amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2)
calcium (14092-94-5, 7440-70-2)
carvedilol (72956-09-3)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
domperidone (57808-66-9)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
levofloxacin (100986-85-4, 138199-71-0)
lisinopril (76547-98-3, 83915-83-7)
methylprednisolone (6923-42-8, 83-43-2)
nitrofurantoin (54-87-5, 67-20-9)
ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013380402
MEDLINE PMID
23807844 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23807844)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S42162
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 245
TITLE
The student pharmacists chemical health scale-2013: High risk factors for
substance use disorders in student pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Norton M.
Blinder V.
Ford H.
Fulford M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Norton M.; Blinder V.; Ford H.; Fulford M.) University of Georgia, College
of Pharmacy, Athens, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Norton, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (337). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Purpose: Student pharmacists represent a group of
healthcare professionals at high risk of developing substance use disorders
(SUD). The purpose of this research project is to develop the Student
Pharmacist Chemical Health Scale (SPCHS), a prevention/ early intervention
instrument designed to identify individuals at high risk for SUD. Methods:
Administration of the SPCHS to University of Georgia student pharmacists
yielded 393 usable submissions. The SPCHS collected data using Qualtrics
computer software and examined demographics, age of first use, family
history of addiction/mental illness, current alcohol use, trauma history,
impulsivity, negative proscriptions, protective factors, and genetic use
patterns. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to
identify patterns of high-risk alcohol use. Results: One hundred thirty-one
(33.33%) respondents reported the presence of risk factors which may
contribute to the development of a SUD. The mean age of first use for all
respondents was approximately 17 years old, but the mean age of first use in
individuals who qualified as alcohol dependent was approximately 15 years
old. AUDIT scores ≥ 8 suggest the presence of hazardous and harmful alcohol
use and potential alcohol dependence. The SPCHS found fifty-one (12.98%)
respondents had AUDIT scores of 8-15, and seven (1.78%) respondents had
AUDIT scores ≥ 16. When examining family history of 1st or 2nd degree
relatives, one hundred sixty-nine (43.00%) respondents reported a family
history of alcohol or substance abuse, and one hundred thirty-nine (35.37%)
respondents reported a family history of psychiatric illness. Conclusion and
Future Directions: This project is currently being expanded to include other
colleges of pharmacy. Predictive tools like the SPCHS may be implemented as
part of large-scale alcohol and drug education and intervention programs.
The ability to effectively screen and detect individuals at increased risk
for developing SUD could be used in early screenings to combat addiction by
means of prevention and early intervention.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
health
human
pharmacist
risk factor
student
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
alcohol consumption
alcohol use disorder
alcoholism
computer
computer program
diseases
early intervention
education
family history
health care personnel
impulsiveness
injury
mental disease
pharmacy
prevention
risk
screening
second degree relative
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 246
TITLE
Rates of hospitalization and emergency department visits in patients
prescribed buprenorphine/naloxone in a veterans affairs (VA) healthcare
system
AUTHOR NAMES
Jackson M.-T.
Moore T.A.
Mascareñ as C.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jackson M.-T.; Moore T.A.; Mascareñ as C.A.) Pharmacy Service, South Texas
Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, United States.
(Moore T.A.; Mascareñ as C.A.) University of Texas, Austin College of
Pharmacy, Austin, United States.
(Moore T.A.) Division of Schizophrenia and Related Disorders, Department of
Psychiatry, University of Texas, San Antonio, United States.
(Mascareñ as C.A.) Pharmacotherapy Education and Research Center, University
of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.-T. Jackson, Pharmacy Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System,
San Antonio, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (334). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Abuse of and dependence on opioids has
emerged as a significant and growing societal burden, with members of the
Veteran population in particular having a high prevalence of addiction to
both illicit and prescription opiates. Despite increased access to opioid
agonist therapy (OAT) made possible by the approval of
buprenorphine/naloxone (BN), several barriers may be contributing to
underutilization of this treatment option. With the increased enrollment for
Veterans Affairs (VA) services due to the conclusion of overseas military
operations, many Veterans will require mental health care, including care
for substance use disorders. In response to this projected increased need,
the VA announced an initiative seeking to hire additional healthcare
professionals dedicated to mental health issues. It is important to explore
how opioiddependent patients utilize VA system resources to determine if
special attention should be paid, in the form of increased dedicated
personnel, to the treatment of opioid dependence and the use of effective
treatment strategies such as buprenorphine/naloxone. Objectives: 1)
Determine the number of hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits
and noshows to appointments of patients diagnosed with opioid dependence and
prescribed BN compared to patients with a diagnosis but not prescribed BN.
2) Compare patient characteristics of the two groups. 3) Determine the
number of hospitalizations, ED visits and no-shows to appointments pre-BN
and post-BN initiation. Methods: This study will be retrospective chart
review of adult Veterans with a diagnosis of opioid dependence or opioid
abuse during the evaluation period. Patients will be divided into thosewho
received a prescription forBNand those who have not. A random subset of
those never prescribed BN, equal in number to those patients prescribed BN,
will be reviewed for comparison purposes. Patients who received BN for less
than 3 months will be excluded. Outcomes: Results from this project may
provide additional data to support the VA's efforts to expand access to BN
therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
opiate agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
emergency ward
health care system
hospitalization
human
patient
pharmacist
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
addiction
adult
army
diagnosis
health care personnel
medical record review
mental health
mental health care
personnel
population
prescription
prevalence
substance abuse
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 247
TITLE
Physician consultation with pharmacists and adherence to evidence-based
medicine for chronic pain management
AUTHOR NAMES
Giannetti V.
Kamal K.
Provenzano D.
Bott N.
Lasota S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Giannetti V.; Kamal K.; Bott N.; Lasota S.) Mylan School of Pharmacy,
Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, United States.
(Provenzano D.) Institute of Pain Diagnostics and Care, Ohio Valley
Hospital, Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Giannetti, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (333). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: With the increasing use of opioids and
often lack of clear guidelines for chronic pain diagnosis and treatment,
patients can be at risk for inadequate treatment of pain, addiction, adverse
effects, and a lack of understanding of risks and benefits of various
treatment modalities. Physicians may not always be informed of the most
recent evidence-based research in chronic pain management. The American Pain
Society, the American Academy of Pain Medicine and recent research have
recommended guidelines for chronic pain management for chronic non-cancer
pain, and the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group of the International
Association for the Study of Pain recently sponsored the development of
evidence based guideline for the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic
pain. Also, pharmacists are an accessible resource in the community and have
specific knowledge regarding therapeutics, drug interactions, adherence and
possible prescription drug abuse. Chronic pain management can be improved
with increased access to pain management guidelines and consultation with
pharmacists. Objectives: The study has two objectives: (i) to assess the
degree to which physicians' prescribing practices for chronic pain patients
are consistent with current practice guidelines and evidence-based medicine;
and (ii) to assess when, to what degree, and under what circumstances do
physicians consult pharmacists regarding therapeutics, drug interactions,
dose, and addiction potential. Methods: Participants in the study (n = 600)
will be recruited from chronic pain specialists through mailing lists of
professional pain associations. The anticipated respondents will be 150. A
survey will be developed and content validity will be established by expert
review of the survey questions. Participants will answer questions regarding
their practice and prescribing with chronic pain medications. Physician
responses will be compared to practice guidelines and the degree and utility
of their consultation with pharmacists will also be assessed. Outcomes: Gaps
in chronic pain management will be identified and recommendations regarding
improving collaboration between physicians and pharmacists and adherence to
practice guidelines will be offered based upon the study results.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
chronic pain
college
consultation
evidence based medicine
human
pharmacist
physician
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
adverse drug reaction
cancer pain
community
content validity
diagnosis
drug abuse
drug interaction
drug therapy
evidence based practice
medical specialist
neuropathic pain
pain
patient
practice guideline
risk
society
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 248
TITLE
Perceptions of smoking cessation from clients at an alcohol and other drug
facility
AUTHOR NAMES
Bhuiyan J.S.
Jonkman L.
Connor S.
Giannetti V.
Freyder P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bhuiyan J.S.) University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United
States.
(Jonkman L.; Connor S.) University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy,
Pittsburgh, United States.
(Giannetti V.) Duquesne University, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh,
United States.
(Freyder P.) Salvation Army Harbor Light Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.S. Bhuiyan, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (332-333). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Smokers with substance use disorder have
twice the expected rate of deaths attributable to tobacco use than in the
general population. Despite the evident need for smoking cessation in this
population, tobacco use dependence treatment is not routinely provided due
to the ungrounded belief it will interfere with recovery from the primary
substance use problem. Trials of smoking cessation among patients actively
receiving treatment for substance use disorder have yielded modest quit
rates. Limited data exists on concurrent tobacco use dependence behaviors
and beliefs that may indicate the unique challenges to smoking cessation
this population faces. Objectives: To determine the perceptions of clients
in an alcohol and other drug treatment facility regarding the provision of
smoking cessation services, including 1) motivations for and barriers to
smoking cessation; 2) attitudes towards quality, extent, and importance of
smoking cessation services offered at their facility; 3) attitudes towards
smoking cessation in a population actively receiving treatment for substance
use disorder; 4) the 'culture' of smoking cessation at the facility; and 5)
social support. Methods: Semi-structured, one-on-one in-person interviews
will be conducted with clients using standardized qualitative research
methods at Salvation Army Harbor Light Center, a 90-day residential alcohol
and other drug treatment facility in Pittsburgh, PA. All clients who are
current or past smokers will be invited to participate in this study.
Baseline demographic data will be obtained via survey methods and will
include age, race/ethnicity, income level, and primary drug of choice, stage
of change, co-morbidity, smoking status, and housing status. Interviews will
be transcribed verbatim and transcripts will be verified with other members
of the research team. Codes will be developed and themes will be identified
using Grounded Theory to generate a theory/hypothesis. Survey data will be
evaluated using descriptive statistics. Data analysis will be conducted
simultaneously to identify a point of saturation. Outcomes: The data
collected will help to tailor smoking cessation services to the needs of the
population - both at this program and other similar programs. The data may
also further explore the role of the pharmacy student in providing smoking
cessation services to this population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
pharmacist
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
army
data analysis
death
drug therapy
grounded theory
housing
income
interview
morbidity
motivation
patient
pharmacy student
population
qualitative research
smoking
social support
statistics
substance abuse
tobacco
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 249
TITLE
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the pathogenesis of addiction and dual
diagnosis disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Chambers R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chambers R.A., robchamb@iupui.edu) Laboratory for Translational
Neuroscience of Dual Diagnosis and Development, Department of Psychiatry,
Indiana University School of Medicine, 791 Union Drive, Indianapolis, IN
46202, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Chambers, Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience of Dual Diagnosis
and Development, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of
Medicine, 791 Union Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States. Email:
robchamb@iupui.edu
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2013) 130:1-3 (1-12). Date of Publication: 1
Jun 2013
ISSN
0376-8716
1879-0046 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
ABSTRACT
Background: As knowledge deepens about how new neurons are born,
differentiate, and wire into the adult mammalian brain, growing evidence
depicts hippocampal neurogenesis as a special form of neuroplasticity that
may be impaired across psychiatric disorders. This review provides an
integrated-evidence based framework describing a neurogenic basis for
addictions and addiction vulnerability in mental illness. Methods: Basic
studies conducted over the last decade examining the effects of addictive
drugs on adult neurogenesis and the impact of neurogenic activity on
addictive behavior were compiled and integrated with relevant
neurocomputational and human studies. Results: While suppression of
hippocampal neurogenic proliferation appears to be a universal property of
addictive drugs, the pathophysiology of addictions involves neuroadaptative
processes within frontal-cortical-striatal motivation circuits that the
neurogenic hippocampus regulates via direct projections. States of
suppressed neurogenic activity may simultaneously underlie psychiatric and
cognitive symptoms, but also confer or signify hippocampal dysfunction that
heightens addiction vulnerability in mental illness as a basis for dual
diagnosis disorders. Conclusions: Research on pharmacological, behavioral
and experiential strategies that enhance adaptive regulation of hippocampal
neurogenesis holds potential in advancing preventative and integrative
treatment strategies for addictions and dual diagnosis disorders. © 2013
Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence (diagnosis, etiology)
dual diagnosis disorder (diagnosis, etiology)
hippocampus
mental disease (diagnosis, etiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptation
brain cortex
brain nerve cell
cell proliferation
cognitive defect (diagnosis, etiology)
corpus striatum
disease predisposition
evidence based medicine
frontal cortex
hippocampal dysfunction (diagnosis, etiology)
human
nerve cell network
neuroimaging
nonhuman
pathogenesis
priority journal
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013285810
MEDLINE PMID
23279925 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23279925)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.005
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 250
TITLE
Methadone toxicity: A case series and review of the literature with a focus
on pharmacist liability and risk management
AUTHOR NAMES
Richmond R.G.
Brackins T.
Lyn A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Richmond R.G.; Brackins T.; Lyn A.) Harding University, College of
Pharmacy, United States.
(Brackins T.) Compass Psychiatric Unit, White County Medical Center, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.G. Richmond, Harding University, College of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (312). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Original Research. Background: Following approval by the FDA in 1947,
methadone was primarily used to treat opiate addiction. However, since the
1990s methadone use has increased as a treatment for chronic pain. As
methadone use has increased, so have methadone-related overdose deaths. The
safe use of methadone for chronic pain requires familiarity with its unique
pharmacokinetics and dosing recommendations. In spite of recent labeling
changes, many methadone prescriptions are written and dispensed for
inappropriate conditions and methadone is even a preferred drug on many
formularies. We present here a series of deaths involving methadone in
chronic pain patients, and discuss guidelines aimed at assisting pharmacists
involved in managing methadone therapy.Methods: Methadone-related deaths
were identified from a series of medical-legal cases and related forensic
investigations over the period of 2002-11. Related to causation, decedent
demographics, cause and manner of death, and toxicological data were
retrieved. Related to pharmacist liability, issues related to drug regimen
review as part of the prescription dispensing process were noted. Results:
Seventeen cases were reviewed where individuals, who were predominantly male
(77%) with a mean age of 37 years, died after taking methadone (20-320
mg/day). In 14 cases it was determined the deceased died due to mixed-drug
intoxication including methadone, with five of those cases involving
recreational drugs; the other three cases involved methadone as the single
agent. Concomitant drugs most often found included: other opioids (71%),
benzodiazepines (65%), prescription psychiatric medications (35%;
antidepressants, antipsychotics), recreational drugs (29%; alcohol,
cannabis), and other CNS depressants. Toxicology data was available in 12
cases with methadone blood levels averaging 0.56 mg/L (0.21 - 0.83 mg/L).
Issues involving pharmacists' clinical judgment that were determined to have
contributed to methadone intoxication include: incomplete patient history,
illegitimate medical purpose, absence of opioid tolerance, drug
interactions, incorrect dosage conversion/titration, and failure to provide
patient counseling. Conclusions: The effects of methadone contributed to
patient death in each case. While patient behaviors played a role, issues
related to pharmacists' clinical judgment were also identified in each case.
These findings underline the need for pharmacists to incorporate risk
management practices into their workflow to improve methadone use.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine derivative
cannabis
central depressant agent
opiate
recreational drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case study
college
human
pharmacist
risk management
toxicity
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood level
central nervous system
chronic pain
death
decision making
drug interaction
drug intoxication
drug therapy
food and drug administration
intoxication
male
medical history
opiate addiction
patient
patient counseling
pharmacokinetics
prescription
publication
toxicology
workflow
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 251
TITLE
Pharmacist-led clinician tobacco cessation education and the effects on
adherance to joint commission standards
AUTHOR NAMES
Willner M.A.
Cohen V.
Lum D.
Cassera F.
Caruso P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Willner M.A.; Cohen V.; Lum D.; Cassera F.; Caruso P.) Maimonides Medical
Center, 4802 Tenth Ave, Brooklyn, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.A. Willner, Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 Tenth Ave, Brooklyn, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (301). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
52nd Annual Assembly of the New York State Council of Health-system
Pharmacists, NYSCHP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Verona, NY, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-05-02 to 2013-05-05
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Tobacco addiction is a chronic disease that requires multiple interventions
and attempts for patients to quit. According to the Public Health Service's
Smoking Cessation Guidelines, tobacco use causes 435,000 deaths each year in
the United States and is a preventable chronic disease. 1 A recent
assessment by the Department of Health evaluating the current tobacco
cessation practices at our institution, a 700-bed tertiary care teaching
hospital, revealed a gap in care. To close this practice gap, we plan to
implement a two-phase pharmacist-led tobacco cessation program. The purpose
of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the pharmacist-led tobacco
cessation program in improving compliance with the current Joint Commission
Tobacco Use Standards. The first phase will involve the education of
clinicians (i.e. medical residents and attending physicians, nurse
practitioners, physician assistants, clinical pharmacists, and respiratory
therapists) on the topics of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, Joint
Commission tobacco performance measures, and methods of patient counseling
to facilitate quitting attempts. The second phase of the implementation will
involve a computerized intervention document and computerized physician
order entry screens. The metrics collected regarding use of the intervention
document and smoking cessation therapy prescription will be used to assess
effectiveness in complying with the following Joint Commission standards:
screening for tobacco use, recommendations to quit by a care provider,
offering assistance with quitting using smoking cessation therapies,
counseling on smoking cessation and pharmacotherapy, and arranging follow-up
to assess smoking status 30-days after discharge. This project will address
the first phase of the aforementioned tobacco cessation program. The primary
study aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led tobacco
cessation education to train clinicians to effectively screen, counsel, and
initiate evidence-based tobacco cessation therapy and meet the requirements
of the Joint Commission Tobacco Measure Set. To achieve these outcomes, a
clinical pharmacist will educate clinician groups and use a
pre-test/post-test model to assess their baseline knowledge and knowledge
after educational sessions. The projected number of clinicians to be
educated is 140. The projected number of patients to be affected by this
program through their care providers is 360. The mean pre-test score will be
compared to the mean post-test score by independent sample t-test. A P-Value
of <0.05 will denote statistical significant difference between the groups.
Descriptive statistics will be used to assess the pre-test and post-test
responses.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health care
human
pharmacist
tobacco
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic disease
computerized provider order entry
counseling
death
drug therapy
evidence based practice
follow up
health
model
nurse practitioner
patient
patient counseling
physician
physician assistant
prescription
public health service
respiratory therapist
screening
smoking
smoking cessation
statistical significance
statistics
Student t test
teaching hospital
tertiary health care
therapy
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013486091
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 252
TITLE
Reversal of Korsakoff's syndrome following high dose intramuscular thiamine
AUTHOR NAMES
Brennan J.L.
Fabian T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brennan J.L.; Fabian T.) Western Psychiatric Institute, Clinic of UPMC,
United States.
(Fabian T.) University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Brennan, Western Psychiatric Institute, Clinic of UPMC, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (306). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: TherapeuticCaseReport.Background:Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) is a late,
neuropsychiatric manifestation of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) in which
there is a striking disorder of selective anterograde and retrograde
amnesia. Treatment of suspected WE includes immediate high dose (500 mg
three times daily) intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) administration of
thiamine to restore depleted levels.While norandomizedtrials support this
high dose regimen, this approach is clinically justified when lower doses
fail. OnceWEprogresses to KS, the prognosis is poor, with only about 20-25%
of patients experiencing a full recovery if properly treated. Patient-
History: The patient is a 50 year old Caucasian female with a past medical
history significant for liver transplant in 2000 status post alcoholic
cirrhosis, alcohol dependence, hypertension, gout, acute kidney injury and
history of QTc prolongation. The patient's social history includes a long
history of severe alcohol dependency, consuming 2-3 half gallons of liquor
or 2-3 cases of beer weekly. Patient's recently estranged husband reports
12-15 hospitalizations for alcohol detoxificationsince her liver
transplant.During a recent hospitalization at an outside facility, patient
was treated with low dose benzodiazepines for alcohol withdrawal. Patient
was lucid on admission; however, with no thiamine supplementation, patient
developed worsening confusion, agitation, aggression and confabulation. She
was discharged after nineteen days with a diagnosis of cognitive disorder,
not otherwise specified and referred to a nursing home for long term care.
The family admitted the patient to our institution for further evaluation
and treatment. A diagnosis of KS was suspected, benzodiazepines were
discontinued and thiamine 500 mg IM was initiated. Thiamine was continued at
this high dose while inpatient for fourteen days, and the patient recovered
fully. Review of Literature: A PubMed search revealed a published case
report of reversal of KS after delay of treatment by four months. No other
similar case reports were found. Conclusion: Even though initiation of high
dose thiamine IM did not occur until approximately three weeks after WE
onset, the two week course of treatment produced a full reversal of KS that
had developed as a result of delayed thiamine therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
thiamine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug megadose
human
Korsakoff psychosis
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute kidney failure
aggression
agitation
alcohol liver cirrhosis
alcohol withdrawal
alcoholism
beer
case report
Caucasian
cognitive defect
confabulation
diagnosis
diseases
drug dose regimen
female
gout
hospital patient
hospitalization
hypertension
intramuscular drug administration
liver
liver graft
long term care
low drug dose
medical history
Medline
nursing home
patient
prognosis
retrograde amnesia
supplementation
therapy
Wernicke encephalopathy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 253
TITLE
Comparison of symptom-triggered vs. Fixed-Schedule dosing of benzodiazepine
to treat ethanol withdrawal symptoms in an inpatient psychiatric setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Smigiel J.
Ouyang S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Smigiel J.; Ouyang S.) Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salem, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Smigiel, Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salem, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (322). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Numerous literature sources have
established the effectiveness of symptom-triggered benzodiazepine therapy
for alcohol withdrawal symptoms (AWS) commonly under CIWA-Ar protocol. A
large number of earlier studies have demonstrated clinical advantages of
reduced total benzodiazepine dose and reduced length of stay with symptom
triggered (ST) over fixed schedule (FS) dosing, but there have been some
recent studies that show a reduced advantage and sometimes, no difference at
all between ST and FS dosing. Furthermore, the vast majority of these
studies have excluded patients receiving psychiatric treatment. Substance
abuse is highly prevalent in the mental health population. This study will
compare and measure the relative success of ST versus FS dosing of
benzodiazepines for the treatment of AWS in psychiatric patients. Methods:
This study will be a retrospective cohort study measuring total dose of
benzodiazepine consumed and time to discontinuation of CIWA protocol while
each patient is on the inpatient psychiatric unit. We will also examine
differences in the rate of escalation of care between the two groups. Data
will be collected from January 2010 to March 2011. The inclusion criteria
will be anyone over age of 18, anyone who has had their last drink within 72
hours, and anyone admitted to the psychiatric unit for alcohol withdrawal.
Exclusion criteria will be anyone with active seizures, active psychosis,
and long term benzodiazepine use (continuous use of benzodiazepines greater
than 2 weeks). After separation into FS versus ST groups, patient's total
dose of benzodiazepines consumed during time of admission until time of CIWA
protocol discontinuation will be documented for comparison. Similarly, time
to CIWA protocol discontinuation will also be documented for comparison.
Outcomes: The independent variables measured will be total dose of
benzodiazepines used and time to discontinuation of CIWA protocol. The
dependent variables measured will include average CIWA score. The data will
be analyzed by a student's t-test. Demographic data will be compared using
chi-squared or Fisher's exact.1.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
hospital patient
human
pharmacist
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol withdrawal
cohort analysis
dependent variable
independent variable
length of stay
mental health
mental patient
patient
population
psychiatric department
psychiatric treatment
psychosis
seizure
Student t test
substance abuse
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 254
TITLE
Development of a collaborative drug therapy management protocol for
extended-release intramuscular naltrexone
AUTHOR NAMES
Hebbard A.M.
Colvard M.J.
Book S.W.
VandenBerg A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hebbard A.M.; Colvard M.J.; VandenBerg A.M.) Department of Pharmacy
Services, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States.
(Book S.W.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.M. Hebbard, Department of Pharmacy Services, Medical University of South
Carolina, Charleston, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (339-340). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Innovative Practices. Background/Rationale: The Center for Drug and
Alcohol Programs (CDAP) at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC)
focuses on research and clinical services for substance use disorders. Given
the patient population, demand for depot naltrexone has increased, but the
CDAP clinics are neither staffed nor structured for medication
administration or storage. A previously established pharmacist-run clinic
exists at MUSC for the purpose of administering long-acting injectable
antipsychotics and monitoring the patients who receive them. With the
increasing patient and physician demand, a protocol was developed to allow
patients to receive extended-release intramuscular naltrexone in the PharmD
clinic. Description of the Innovative Service: The collaborative drug
therapy management (CDTM) protocol developed for extended-release
intramuscular naltrexone clearly defines the roles/responsibilities of the
referring physicians and collaborating pharmacists. The CDTM protocol
specifically outlines the process for pharmacist training, credentialing,
and ensuring continued competency; physician referral; patient
responsibilities; and pharmacist responsibilities for obtaining informed
consent, medication procurement, medication administration, physical
assessment, laboratory monitoring, side effect monitoring, and counseling.
The protocol applies only to adult outpatients referred by MUSC
psychiatrists. Impact on Patient Care/Institution: The creation of the CDTM
protocol for extended-release intramuscular naltrexone provides a service to
patients at MUSC that was previously unavailable. The purpose of the service
is to provide continuity of care to patients who require extended-release
intramuscular naltrexone, enhance patient care through education,
monitoring, and close follow-up, and to reduce adverse events associated
with extended-release intramuscular naltrexone. Conclusion: The
extended-release intramuscular naltrexone CDTM protocol has been approved by
the Department of Pharmacy Services and CDAP physician representative at
MUSC, the pharmacists have been credentialed, and the clinic is in the
process of preparing for its first patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naltrexone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
medication therapy management
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accreditation
adult
counseling
drug therapy
education
follow up
hospital
hospital department
informed consent
laboratory
monitoring
outpatient
patient
patient care
physician
population
psychiatrist
responsibility
side effect
storage
substance abuse
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 255
TITLE
Comparison of continuation electroconvulsive therapy, antidepressant alone,
and combination therapy for treatment of depression in the veteran
population
AUTHOR NAMES
Gray E.N.
Hieber R.N.
Zacher J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gray E.N.; Hieber R.N.; Zacher J.L.) Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health
Care Center, United States.
(Hieber R.N.) Midwestern University, Chicago College of Pharmacy, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.N. Gray, Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (322). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves
the induction of a convulsion by the application of electrical current to
the brain for therapeutic purposes. The practice of ECT is established as an
effective and safe treatment for acute episodes of severe major depressive
disorder (MDD) and other mental disorders. Studies of ECT for patients with
MDD have demonstrated response rates of 70% to 90% when used first line, and
40% to 60% when used to manage treatment-resistant depression. The American
Psychiatric Association (APA) states that continuation ECT (C-ECT) occurs
within 6 months of acute treatment to prevent relapse, whereas maintenance
ECT continues beyond the six-month point to prevent recurrence. For the
purposes of this research, only patients on C-ECT were evaluated.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to compare the outcomes
of the three treatment modalities: patients on C-ECT monotherapy; patients
on C-ECT with pharmacotherapy; and patients on pharmacotherapy monotherapy.
Comparing patient's number of psychiatric hospital admissions, suicide
attempts, and suicides will assess outcomes. Methods: A retrospective chart
review from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2011 will be used to identify
patients who received C-ECT in conjunction to antidepressant treatment,
patients who only received antidepressant therapy, and patients who received
C-ECT monotherapy alone. All Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care
Center (FHCC) veteran patients aged 18 years or older receiving CECT with or
without antidepressants or patients on antidepressants, with a diagnosis of
depression will be eligible for inclusion. Excluded patients will be those
who have a history of substance abuse, patients with psychosis, patients
with psychotic depression, meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for another axis I or
axis II disorder (except nicotine dependence); neurological pathology on
axis III; and having already participated in a C-ECT program. Eligible
patients will be enrolled consecutively to a target sample size of up to 62
patients in each arm. Results will be used to identify differences in
outcomes, overall efficacy between treatments, and the possible need for
practice changes. Results: Pending.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
electroconvulsive therapy
human
pharmacist
population
therapy
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
arm
brain
convulsion
depressive psychosis
diagnosis
diseases
drug therapy
electric current
health care
hospital admission
major depression
medical record review
mental disease
mental hospital
monotherapy
pathology
patient
psychosis
relapse
sample size
substance abuse
suicide
suicide attempt
tobacco dependence
treatment resistant depression
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 256
TITLE
Clinical psychiatric pharmacist involvement in an outpatient buprenorphine
program
AUTHOR NAMES
Grgas M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grgas M.) Department of Veterans Affairs, White River Junction, Vermont,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Grgas, Department of Veterans Affairs, White River Junction, Vermont,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (339). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Approximately 19 million individuals
in the United States are diagnosed with a substance use disorder (SUD),
including many veterans enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration
(VHA). The prevalence of SUD within the veteran population has been steadily
increasing, resulting in increased utilization of substance abuse services,
such as buprenorphine programs for opioid dependence. As this population
grows, there is an increased need for multidisciplinary services. Clinical
psychiatric pharmacists do not have prescriptive authority for
buprenorphine, but can play a vital role in outpatient buprenorphine
programs. Description of Innovative Service: The clinical psychiatric
pharmacist is involved in many aspects of the outpatient buprenorphine
program. There are over 100 patients enrolled in the buprenorphine program
at the White River Junction VAMC. The clinical pharmacist devotes
approximately 10 hours per week to the program, which includes dispensing
the medication, monitoring lab values and patient counseling. A spreadsheet
is maintained and updated weekly to monitor doses, refill dates and urine
toxicology results. Some patients, who struggle with buprenorphine overuse,
are provided a locked medication dispenser, which is refilled and locked by
the clinical pharmacist. The clinical pharmacist is also involved in the
dispensing process in the outpatient pharmacy; this allows for open
communication between the clinical pharmacist and patient. Impact on Patient
Care: The clinical psychiatric pharmacist has been involved in the
outpatient buprenorphine program at the White River Junction VAMC for
approximately eighteen months. Prior to this, the program included less than
100 patients, pharmacy wait times were over sixty minutes, early refills
were frequent and no patients utilized a locked medication dispenser. Since
clinical pharmacy involvement, the pharmacy wait time is approximately 30
minutes or less, early refills are infrequent and five patients receive
their buprenorphine in a locked medication dispenser. The clinical
pharmacist has helped open the lines of communication between the patient,
the pharmacy and the prescriber. Conclusion: Substance use disorder
programs, such as buprenorphine programs, can benefit from clinical pharmacy
involvement. Even with limited prescriptive authority, clinical psychiatric
pharmacists can play an important and active role in outpatient
buprenorphine programs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
outpatient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical pharmacy
drug monitoring
drug therapy
health care management
interpersonal communication
patient
patient care
patient counseling
pharmacy
population
prescriptive authority
prevalence
river
substance abuse
toxicology
United States
urine
veteran
veterans health
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 257
TITLE
Use of buprenorphine/naloxone for opioid dependency at a veterans affairs
drug treatment program
AUTHOR NAMES
Berger R.
Lacro J.
Robinson S.
Groban S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Berger R.; Lacro J.; Robinson S.; Groban S.) San Diego Veterans Affairs
Healthcare System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Berger, San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (338). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Substance abuse is a key concern among
military personnel and veterans. Buprenorphine/ naloxone is an effective
opioid replacement treatment option for opioid dependence when used as part
of a comprehensive treatment program. Providers who prescribe
buprenorphine/naloxone must receive specific training and obtain a DEA
number allowing them to write for this medication. The San Diego Veterans
Affairs (SDVA) healthcare system started using buprenorphine/naloxone in
January 2010. The facility also offers comprehensive psychosocial
rehabilitation treatment through its Alcohol and Drug Treatment Program
(ADTP) at the same physical location where patients receive their opiate
medication management. This study will determine how successful the use of
buprenorphine/naloxone for opiate replacement has been as part of a
comprehensive rehabilitation program at this facility. Objectives: 1.
Compare retention rate and percentage of opiate-negative urine samples of
buprenorphine/naloxone treatment at this facility to rates described in the
literature. 2. Describe different treatment settings in which patients
receive buprenorphine/naloxone at the SDVA. Methods: This will be a
retrospective chart review. Patients included will be >18 years of age with
a prescription for buprenorphine/ naloxone from 1/1/2010-12/31/2012 for
opioid replacement therapy and will be followed in buprenorphine/naloxone
clinic (either individual or group) for at least 3 months. Exclusion
criteria will be patients prescribed buprenorphine/ naloxone for any purpose
other than opioid replacement therapy such as acute opioid withdrawal or
pain, patients in buprenorphine/naloxone group <3 months (enrolled after
9/30/12) and patients whose opioid replacement therapy was co-managed by a
provider outside of the San Diego VA program. Outcomes: Retention in
treatment is defined as the percentage of patients who continue to receive
buprenorphine/naloxone. Opiate negative urine samples will be determined as
a percentage of all urine samples. Urine samples positive for opiates,
oxycodone or methadone will count as positive. Missing urine samples will
count as positive. Urine samples from date of enrollment into
buprenorphine/naloxone treatment and up to one year after will be included.
Both percentage retention in treatment and percentage of negative urine
samples will be compared to a weighted mean of percentages described in the
literature using Pearson's Chi-square test. Results and Conclusion: Results
will be presented.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
methadone
naloxone
oxycodone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chi square test
health care system
hospital
medical record review
medication therapy management
opiate substitution treatment
pain
patient
prescription
psychosocial rehabilitation
rehabilitation
soldier
substance abuse
urinalysis
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 258
TITLE
Awareness, knowledge, and use of electronic nicotine delivery systems in a
veteran population
AUTHOR NAMES
Price C.
Ryan M.
Benjamin B.
Eatmon C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Price C.; Ryan M.; Benjamin B.; Eatmon C.) Lexington Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, United States.
(Ryan M.) University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Price, Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (321). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. None. Background: Electronic nicotine delivery
systems (e-cigarettes) are devices that use a rechargeable battery to
vaporize a nicotine-containing solution of glycerin or propylene glycol.
They are designed to look like cigarettes and marketed as a smoking
alternative. Once only sold on the internet, they are now available in
grocery stores, convenience stores, some pharmacies, and other retail
outlets. Their safety and efficacy has not been established by FDA review,
but an unknown number of veterans are using them. Objectives: To assess the
awareness, knowledge, and use of e-cigarettes among veterans and to identify
trends in e-cigarette use, what benefit or harm was experienced from use,
any health or demographic variables that may be predictive of e-cigarette
use, and clinics in which targeted education may be useful. Methods: A
four-part survey was created to assess awareness, knowledge, and use of
e-cigarettes among veterans at the Lexington VA Medical Center. Willingness
to complete the survey and presentation to one of the outpatient clinics are
the only inclusion criteria. Veterans who are unwilling or unable to
participate will be excluded. Veterans will self-administer the survey, with
an investigator available for questions. Informed consent and HIPAA
acknowledgement will be obtained from all participants. Data will be pooled
and groups will be compared to determine if there is any difference in
awareness, knowledge, or use of electronic cigarettes. Group comparisons
will examine differences between smokers and non-smokers, different clinic
populations, participants with and without a history of substance abuse, and
those with and without a history of mental illness. Using a 2-tailed alpha
of 0.05, 260 survey responses will be required to detect a 5% difference
between groups. Results and Conclusions: Descriptive statistics will be
reported for all survey items and used to compare awareness and use of
e-cigarettes to national surveys already in the literature. T-tests will be
used for group comparisons and multivariate regression analysis will be used
to determine if demographic variables are predictive of e-cigarette use.
Full results and conclusions will be presented at the 2013 CPNP Annual
Meeting.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
electronic cigarette
glycerol
propylene glycol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
pharmacist
population
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
devices
education
food and drug administration
health
hospital
informed consent
Internet
mental disease
outpatient department
pharmacy
regression analysis
safety
smoking
statistics
Student t test
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 259
TITLE
Risk factors associated with time-to-readmission in veterans with
schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder at the vawny healthcare system
AUTHOR NAMES
Utter B.
Hyatt J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Utter B.; Hyatt J.) SUNY at Buffalo, Veterans Affairs Western New York
Healtcare System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Utter, SUNY at Buffalo, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healtcare
System, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (335). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: It is estimated that 40- 50% of
psychiatric patients discharged from an inpatient psychiatric facility will
be readmitted within one year. Efforts to contain cost and make healthcare
more efficient such as decreasing duration of hospital stays, has
paradoxically increased the rate of hospital readmission. Many risk factors
have been significantly correlated with psychiatric rehospitalization
including: sex, marital status, age, involuntary first admission,
psychiatric diagnosis, global functioning, the degree and type of symptoms,
comorbid psychiatric disorders, history of past psychiatric hospitalization,
number of previous admissions, and discharge diagnosis. The more that is
understood regarding risk factors influencing time-to-readmission, the more
opportunities are available to reduce psychiatric readmissions by mitigating
these risk factors. Objective: To identify risk factors that influence
time-toreadmission in Veterans with schizophrenia or schizoaffective
disorder admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit at the VA WNY Healthcare
System. Methods: This study is an IRB-approved retrospective chart review of
Veterans admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit from January 1, 2010 to
June 30, 2012 to identify risk factors for readmission (dependent variable).
Patients will be included if they have a diagnosis of schizophrenia or
schizoaffective disorder and presence of two or more psychiatric admissions
within this date range. A Computerized Patient Record System chart review
will be conducted for each patient to identify independent variables
including age, sex, number of previous admissions, time since previous
admission in months, psychotropic medications at the time of discharge,
number of medications at the time of discharge, antipsychotic dose(s)
optimized prior to admission, number of days prior to admission since
antipsychotic medication fill, alcohol abuse, other substance abuse,
assignment to a psychiatrist, compliance with appointments since previous
admission, homelessness, and number of days in the hospital on previous
admission. Outcomes: We will report relative statistical relationships
between the independent and dependent variables. CART (Classification and
Regression Tree) analysis will be used to describe these relationships with
significance accepted at p <0.05.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
health care system
hospital readmission
human
pharmacist
risk factor
schizoaffective psychosis
schizophrenia
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol abuse
classification
dependent variable
diagnosis
drug therapy
electronic medical record
health care
homelessness
hospital
hospital patient
hospitalization
independent variable
marriage
medical record review
mental disease
mental patient
patient
psychiatric department
psychiatric diagnosis
psychiatrist
substance abuse
tree
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 260
TITLE
Treatment compliance in OEF/OIF veterans with PTSD treated at the PTSD
medication management clinic at the vawny healthcare system
AUTHOR NAMES
Miller R.L.
Hyatt J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Miller R.L.; Hyatt J.) SUNY at Buffalo, Veterans Affairs Western New York
Healtcare System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.L. Miller, SUNY at Buffalo, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healtcare
System, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (337-338). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Half of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)
and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans with mental health problems
receive a diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Symptoms
include reexperiencing the event, avoidance of stimuli, and hyperarousal.
Many Veterans fail to adhere to medication treatment and the reasons are
unclear. Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine risk
factors for treatment non-compliance in OEF/OIF Veterans with Post-Traumatic
Stress Disorder (PTSD) being treated at the PTSD Medication Management
Clinic at Veterans Administration Western New York Healthcare System in
Buffalo, NY. Methods: This IRB approved study is a retrospective cohort
chart review of Veterans with PTSD treated in the PTSD Medication Management
Clinic for at least two months between January 2010 and June 2012. A chart
review is being done to identify patients compliant with therapy, the
dependent variable, defined as keeping at least 75% of appointments. The
noncompliant group consists of patients treated in the clinic for at least 2
months who kept less than 75% of their appointments. The chart review will
identify independent variables including the number of medications
prescribed in the first 30 days of treatment as well as the type of
medications prescribed. Other patient factors being identified include: age,
sex, number of scheduled appointments in the first 2 months of treatment,
alcohol use, substance abuse, presence of traumatic brain injury,
homelessness, marital status, employment, enrollment in school, and
professional counseling. CART (Classification and Regression Tree) analysis
will be used to look for relationships between the dependent and independent
variables with significance accepted at p<0.05. Outcomes: The cohorts have
been identified and data collection is underway with results pending.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
health care system
hospital
human
medication therapy management
patient compliance
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
buffalo
classification
dependent variable
diagnosis
drug therapy
employment
government
homelessness
independent variable
information processing
marriage
medical record review
mental health
patient
risk factor
school
stimulus
substance abuse
therapy
traumatic brain injury
tree
United States
vocational guidance
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 261
TITLE
Cost effectiveness of providing a 30 day supply of medications on 30 day
readmission rates and costs in an uninsured mental health population
AUTHOR NAMES
Bhokasub D.
Lizer M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bhokasub D.; Lizer M.) Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah
University, Winchester Medical Center (WMC), Winchester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Bhokasub, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University,
Winchester Medical Center (WMC), Winchester, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (323). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Presented at the CPNP Annual Meeting in Colorado
Springs, CO on Monday, April 22, 2013. Background: At WMC, uninsured
indigent patients make up 30% of admissions in the behavioral health unit
(BHU). Currently, these patients are not provided medications upon
discharge. In addition, many of these patients cannot afford the medications
they are stabilized on at discharge. As a result they decompensate and are
readmitted. A retrospective review of 30-day readmission rates from BHU in
2011-2012 was completed and provided financial information needed for WMC
administration to fund this pilot study. It showed that∗4 patients /month
were being readmitted due to an inability to afford medications. Objective:
1. Compare readmission rates of the uninsured indigent patients provided
with 30 day supply of medications to historical readmission data. 2.
Determine study patient's ability and/or barriers to obtaining follow up
care post 30 days. Methods: This is a prospective pilot conducted on a 26
bed adult inpatient unit (WMC) for a 3 month trial period. A 30 day supply
of medications shall be filled at competitive pricing from an outpatient
pharmacy and given to the patient upon discharge. Patients will be included
who are uninsured and cannot afford medications due to financial difficulty.
They must demonstrate motivation and mental clarity to remain compliant to
their treatment regimen. Excluded are patients who have an active substance
abuse disease. Included patients will be decided by the treatment team based
on the above criteria. Each patient who receives medication will be
documented and monitored for the following 3 months. All patients, unless
readmitted, will receive a follow up phone call 1 week post 30 days. We will
assess and document reasons for readmission or non-readmission, medication
adherence, ability and/or barriers to obtaining follow up care. Outcomes: To
be determined.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
cost effectiveness analysis
drug therapy
hospital readmission
human
medically uninsured
mental health
pharmacist
population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
follow up
health center
hospital patient
indigent
medication compliance
motivation
outpatient
patient
pharmacy
pilot study
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 262
TITLE
Pharmacist-physician collaborative care model for suboxone-maintained
patients at a health department
AUTHOR NAMES
Di Paula B.A.
Menachery E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Di Paula B.A.) University of Maryland Baltimore, School of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, United States.
(Menachery E.) Howard County Health Department, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.A. Di Paula, University of Maryland Baltimore, School of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (305). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Innovative Practices. Background/Rationale: Despite Suboxone's
efficacy for opioid dependence, there continues to be an overwhelming
shortage of community treatment programs. In some cases, providers may
choose not to treat this population and/ or may not have the resources,
expertise, and structure necessary to meet the patients' ongoing needs. The
monitoring demands, unique medication properties, and risk for diversion
allow for a novel role for pharmacists. Description of the Innovative
Practice: A physician-pharmacist Suboxone maintenance clinic was piloted at
a local health department (HD). The HD traditionally referred Suboxone
patients to community physicians at considerable cost with varying outcomes.
A psychiatric pharmacist and primary care physician partnered to create an
internal clinic, which included the development of a treatment contact,
policies, and protocols. The goals were to optimize care, reduce cost, and
limit diversion. The pharmacist's unique training allowed the physician to
manage the patient load during just a few hours per week. All intake
assessments and follow up appointments were conducted by the pharmacist.
After each appointment, the pharmacist would debrief the physician, allowing
for efficient completion of the assessment. The pharmacist documented each
interaction. The physician appended notes, when applicable, and cosigned.
The pharmacist and physician electronically accessed substance abuse
counselors' treatment records. Counselors and providers met directly to
review treatment plans and outcomes. The pharmacist worked to limit
diversion by routinely gathering data from outside providers, pharmacies,
and laboratories. Impact of Practice on Patient Care/Institution: The HD's
Suboxone clinic has improved patient care by producing consistency and
structure. Gaps have been identified, such as inconsistent urine toxicology
collection and provider misperception about patient adherence. During the
first 6 months, 6 initial assessments and 50 follow up appointments have
been completed, equating to a potential savings of $6600. The clinic has a
98% appointment attendance rate and 100% retention rate. Eighty-three
percent of patients have successfully progressed to monthly monitoring. Two
patients are in the process of dose tapers. Conclusion: Physicians and
pharmacists can optimize the care of Suboxone-maintained patients through
collaboration. The HD is utilizing data from this pilot to develop a
permanent program, including a state-approved collaborative practice
protocol.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine plus naloxone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
model
patient
pharmacist
physician
public health service
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
drug therapy
follow up
general practitioner
group therapy
hospital
laboratory
monitoring
patient care
patient compliance
pharmacy
policy
population
risk
substance abuse
toxicology
urine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 263
TITLE
Medication Therapy Services (MTS) and Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
AUTHOR NAMES
Gable K.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gable K.N.) Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of Pharmacy,
Edwardsville, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.N. Gable, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of Pharmacy,
Edwardsville, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (341). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)
is an evidence-based practice consisting of a multidisciplinary treatment
team providing comprehensive psychiatric and rehabilitative services to
individuals with severe and persistent mental illnesses. Treatment team
members include a psychiatrist, nurses, vocational specialists, substance
abuse specialists, and peer specialists. Many ACT teams receive funding from
the state Department of Mental Health (DMH). In August of 2012, Missouri
granted pharmacists the authority to perform Medication Therapy Services
(MTS). An MTS-certified pharmacist may initiate, modify and discontinue
medications under a medication therapy protocol with a collaborating
physician. The state of Missouri also recognizes psychiatric pharmacists as
Qualified Mental Health Providers (QMHPs), and client encounters can be
billed as medication or consultation services. Description of Innovative
Service: An MTS-certified clinical pharmacist is functioning as a prescriber
on a DMH-funded ACT team. The collaborating physician completes initial
client intakes and yearly psychiatric evaluations and reviews and co-signs
the electronic progress notes of the pharmacist. The pharmacist participates
in daily one-hour treatment team meetings and completes an average of four
to eight medication assessments per day. Most assessments occur at the
client's place of residence. Home visits are typically 30 to 60 minutes in
length and consist of a comprehensive review of psychiatric symptoms,
medications, and treatment plan goals. Medication adjustments are completed
when appropriate. Specific procedure codes allow for services to be billed
at a rate of $34.86 per 15 minutes. Impact on Patient Care: The concept of a
pharmacist as a prescriber on an ACT team is new and not common practice.
The clinical value of a pharmacist within ACT was demonstrated in a six
month retrospective review of pharmacist interventions published in 2010. A
total of 80 recommendations were made involving medication adjustments, labs
and adverse events. Having a pharmacist on an ACT team has the potential to
significantly decrease medicationrelated complications and improve treatment
adherence. Conclusion: ACT is a valuable and essential psychiatric treatment
for persons with severe and persistent mental illnesses. This innovative
service allows not only for the incorporation of the clinical pharmacist
into evidence-based practice, but also provides financial compensation for
services provided.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
group therapy
human
pharmacist
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
compensation
consultation
evidence based practice
funding
medical specialist
mental disease
mental health
nurse
patient care
patient compliance
physician
procedures
professional practice
psychiatric treatment
psychiatrist
substance abuse
United States
vocation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 264
TITLE
Acute intermittent porphyria: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Ware K.S.
Nowlin D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ware K.S.) Old Vineyard Behavioral Health Services, United States.
(Nowlin D.) Wingate University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.S. Ware, Old Vineyard Behavioral Health Services, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (342-343). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Therapeutic Case Report. Background: The porphyrias are a group of
genetic disorders of heme biosynthesis that result from the deficient
activity of a certain enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway. Acute intermittent
porphyria (AIP) is defined by a prophobilinogen deaminase deficiency and can
manifest as neuropsychiatric symptoms during an exacerbation. Patient
History: The patient is a 55 year old Caucasian male with a past medical
history significant for AIP, chronic back pain, renal insufficiency,
hypertension, and nicotine dependence. The patient has presented to the
hospital with multiple AIP exacerbations since diagnosis eleven year prior
to the current case; however, he has never displayed neuropsyciatric
manifestations. His symptoms on admission included severe gastrointestinal
pain and non-bloody emesis. Similar to previous treatment courses, the
patient was initiated on panhematin therapy and symptomatic management
including antiemetics and opiate pain control. Two days into his hospital
admission, he began to display delirium symptoms, including decreased
cognition, disorientation, and aggressive behavior. The patient was
successfully managed with perphenazine and as needed olanzapine during his
inpatient course. Within 48 hours, his cognition normalized and
antipsychotics were discontinued prior to hospital discharge. Review of
Literature: Psychiatric manifestations of AIP are well documented in
literature and the incidence is estimated to be 40-58 percent. Several
references that group medications into varying classes of tolerability in
patients with AIP are available. These sources were utilized in the
management of the patient. Conclusion: In this case of AIP with psychiatric
manifestations, the patient was successfully treated with first generation
antipsychotics. The medications were well-tolerated and did not appear to
exacerbate physical symptoms of AIP.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiemetic agent
deaminase
enzyme
hematin
heme
olanzapine
opiate
perphenazine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acute intermittent porphyria
case report
college
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aggression
backache
biosynthesis
Caucasian
cognition
delirium
diagnosis
disorientation
drug therapy
gastrointestinal pain
genetic disorder
hospital
hospital admission
hospital discharge
hospital patient
hypertension
kidney failure
male
medical history
pain
patient
porphyria
therapy
tobacco dependence
vomiting
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 265
TITLE
Dronabinol for emotion-induced reflex epilepsy
AUTHOR NAMES
Phelps N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Phelps N.) Affiliated with Duke University Hospital, Durham, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Phelps, Affiliated with Duke University Hospital, Durham, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (343-344). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Therapeutic Case Report. Background: Reflex epilepsy is a syndrome in
which seizures occur in response to specific sensory stimuli such as visual
or auditory triggers, or cognitive tasks performed by the patient. Common
seizure-producing stimuli include flashing lights, music, or tasks such as
writing or calculation. Patient History: The patient is a 28 year old male
with new onset of medically intractable seizures. He experiences two types
of seizures: one type which consists of right facial twitching and another
which presents as violent and aggressive outbursts lasting 5-30 minutes. His
past medical history is significant for history of PTSD and heavy marijuana
abuse. In spite of high doses of multiple antiepileptic medications, the
patient continued to have daily seizures requiring constant physical
restraint due to the violent nature of his episodes. Eventually he
discovered his seizures could be reliably triggered by strong emotions.
Though calm at baseline, emotional responses to seeing a police officer or
hearing certain music could consistently precipitate a sudden violent
episode. In an attempt to mitigate some of the aggressive episodes related
to emotional triggers, the patient was prescribed dronabinol and titrated to
a total of 25 mg daily. This regimen decreased the aggressive type seizures
to the point that the patient could be discharged. Review of Literature:
While marijuana has shown some anticonvulsant effects, results are mixed and
it is not well studied in humans. The main cannabinoids in marijuana are
delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, and cannabinol. Dronabinol
is a synthetic formulation of THC. Some animal studies suggest that
cannabidiol may more effective than THC for seizures, though further studies
in humans are needed. Discussion: Though not typically considered an
anticonvulsant, dronabinol reduced the frequency of aggressive seizure
episodes in this patient. It is not clear if dronabinol was acting as an
anticonvulsant or simply blunting the patient's emotional triggers which
caused his seizures. Another possibility is that his heavy marijuana use at
baseline disrupted his endogenous cannabinoid system enough to initiate his
seizure disorder. Emotion-induced reflex epilepsy is rare, but dronabinol
may be a reasonable treatment option in this challenging patient population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dronabinol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticonvulsive agent
cannabidiol
cannabinoid
cannabinol
cannabis
endocannabinoid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
emotion
human
pharmacist
reflex epilepsy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
cannabis addiction
case report
cognition
diseases
drug megadose
drug therapy
exercise
hearing
intractable epilepsy
male
medical history
music
patient
police
population
posttraumatic stress disorder
seizure
sensory stimulation
stimulus
tic
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 266
TITLE
The impact of pharmacist led medication counseling and shared decision
making in the behavioral health inpatient setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Dugan R.
Haight R.
Hoeft D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dugan R.; Haight R.; Hoeft D.) University of Minnesota, Medical Center,
Fairview, Department of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Dugan, University of Minnesota, Medical Center, Fairview, Department of
Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (337). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: One-on-one pharmacist led medication
counseling may be the ideal modality to provide inpatient medication
education. Patients admitted to inpatient behavioral health units are often
prescribed psychiatric medications, undergo multiple medication changes, and
may experience side effects. Patients may have questions or concerns about
medications early in their hospitalization and could greatly benefit from
pharmacist counseling and intervention. Unfortunately, patient
dissatisfaction with medication information is prevalent in the behavioral
health patient population. It can affect attitudes about medications and
compliance, two important predictors of mental health stabilization. Large
group-based education is helpful at disseminating information in a time
efficient manner. However, concerns regarding patient privacy, possible
disruptions, and differing education needs among patients may limit its
usefulness. Objectives: 1. Determine the impact of pharmacist led medication
counseling (including identification of drug therapy problems and patient
medication attitudes), 2. Determine the feasibility of pharmacist led
medication counseling, 3. Increase patient participation in the medication
decision-making process. Methods: This single-center, prospective,
intervention study includes participants from four of the eleven inpatient
behavioral health units at the University of Minnesota Medical Center,
Fairview. Adult patients, with at least one psychiatric medication, will
meet with a pharmacist upon request from the treatment team. The pharmacist
will evaluate the patient's medication regimen and consult with the
provider. The pharmacist will educate the patient on each medication,
recommend strategies for medication compliance, and address the patient's
questions and/or concerns. The pharmacist will also discuss potential
therapeutic medication options, determine the patient's personal therapeutic
goals and medication preferences, and assess the patient's compliance and
understanding of his/her medications. The pharmacist will make
recommendations incorporating the patient's therapeutic preferences. Patient
and physician surveys will be used to assess medication attitudes and
satisfaction. Outcomes: Outcomes remain under investigation, as data
collection and analysis are currently ongoing. We will report the number and
type of drug therapy problems identified, recommendations made and accepted,
and whether or not the accepted recommendations were able to incorporate the
patient's preferences. Data from the patient and provider surveys and
pharmacist time and number of patients counseled will be reported.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
counseling
decision making
drug therapy
health
hospital patient
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
education
health center
hospitalization
information processing
intervention study
medication compliance
mental health
patient
patient compliance
patient participation
patient preference
physician
population
privacy
satisfaction
side effect
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 267
TITLE
1. Irb approval is pending minor modifications in verbiage. Comparison of
two symptom-triggered alcohol withdrawal protocols: Severity assessment
scale (SAS) and the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for
alcohol (CIWA-AR)
AUTHOR NAMES
Reiss R.
Campbell A.
Camden R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reiss R.; Campbell A.; Camden R.) University of Missouri Health Care,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Reiss, University of Missouri Health Care, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (322-323). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: In alcohol dependent patients, sudden
cessation may result in a wide array of symptoms ranging from agitation and
discomfort to seizures, delirium tremens, and even death. For this reason,
patients undergoing alcohol withdrawal are often admitted to the hospital
for medical management. University of Missouri Health Care (UMHC) recently
reassessed its withdrawal treatment protocols and, on 4 June 2012, switched
from an institution specific Severity Assessment Scale (SAS) to the more
validated Revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol
(CIWA-Ar) scale. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the SAS
to the CIWA-Ar protocol to determine whether one protocol offers benefit.
The primary objectives of the study are: to quantify total benzodiazepine
use associated with each protocol; and to evaluate whether either protocol
is associated with higher rates of severe withdrawal complications.
Secondary objectives of this study are to: determine differences in the
number of times patients required lorazepam; evaluate differences in the
indicators on which patients scored; assess differences in symptom severity;
detect differences in the number of patients requiring transfer to a higher
level of care due to withdrawal related complications; assess differences in
the need for rescue sedation; identify differences in route of
administration used; and record the number of patients on a withdrawal
protocol who left the hospital against medical advice. Methods: A health
system wide retrospective chart review was conducted. Charts from 1 August
2011 to 31 October 2011 wherein the SAS protocol was ordered, and those from
1 August 2012 to 31 October 2012 wherein the CIWA-Ar protocol was ordered,
were eligible for this pilot study. Patients included must have been at
least 18 years of age and experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Those with a
documented medical or psychiatric illness associated with seizures or
hallucinations, those withdrawing from substances other than alcohol, and
those using opiates, antiepileptics, clonidine, or beta-blockers were
excluded from the study. Results: Preliminary data is being analyzed for
approximately 100 patients. Data analysis is anticipated to be complete by
March 22, 2013.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
clonidine
lorazepam
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol withdrawal
college
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agitation
data analysis
death
delirium tremens
disease management
hallucination
health care
hospital
medical record review
mental disease
patient
pilot study
sedation
seizure
treatment withdrawal
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 268
TITLE
An evaluation of relapse with regards to dose and concomitant use of
sedating medications in a veteran population prescribed
buprenorphine/naloxone: A retrospective cohort study
AUTHOR NAMES
Turner T.L.
Rayfield A.L.
Thomas C.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Turner T.L.; Rayfield A.L.; Thomas C.J.) Department of Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Chillicothe, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.L. Turner, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chillicothe,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (318-319). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: There is an estimated eight million
people worldwide who abuse opiates. Opioid maintenance treatment is aimed at
avoiding illicit drug use, not achieving a drug-free state. Additionally,
maintenance treatment aims to improve quality of life and psychosocial
functioning for the patient along with reducing harm and costs for society.
Opioid agonists such as methadone, partial agonists such as buprenorphine,
or agonist/antagonist combinations such as buprenorphine/ naloxone can be
used in opioid maintenance treatment. There have currently been no studies
looking at the most efficacious dose of buprenorphine/ naloxone in
maintenance rehabilitation programs. It has been noted that patients may be
prescribed benzodiazepines for anxiety, and zolpidem or trazodone for
insomnia. Though these medications may help patients through the agony
associated with acute withdrawal, their role in themaintenance period is
questionable. Objectives: 1. Investigate the difference between relapse
rates with use of buprenorphine/naloxone at 8 mg or less as compared to
higher doses. 2. Investigate the difference in time to relapse with use of
buprenorphine/naloxone at 8 mg or less as compared to higher doses. 3.
Investigate the difference between relapse rates with use of
buprenorphine/naloxone with and without concomitant use of
sedatingmedications. 4. Investigate the difference in time to relapse with
use of buprenorphine/ naloxone with and without concomitant use of sedating
medications. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study which will
examine two independent variables.Patients willbeidentifiedthrough
theVeterans Affairs computer charting system as having been enrolled in the
Suboxone treatment group. A Fisher's Exact Test will be used to determine
rates of relapse in both groups. ANOVA will be used to evaluate time to
relapse. A pre-specified p value of 0.05 will indicate statistical
significance. SPSS software will be used for all statistical calculations.
Outcomes: We will report the difference in relapse rate and time to relapse
for patients taking 8 mg or less as compared to higher doses, aswell as the
difference in relapse rate and timeto relapse for patients taking a
concomitant sedating medication.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
buprenorphine
buprenorphine plus naloxone
illicit drug
methadone
naloxone
opiate
opiate agonist
partial agonist
trazodone
zolpidem
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cohort analysis
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
population
relapse
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
analysis of variance
anxiety
computer
computer program
drug use
Fisher exact test
insomnia
maintenance therapy
patient
quality of life
recurrence risk
rehabilitation
social psychology
society
statistical significance
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 269
TITLE
Retrospective analysis of patients receiving long acting injectable
formulation antipsychotics vs. Oral formulation antipsychotics: A focus on
'as needed' use psychotropics with regards to adherence, efficacy, safety
and costs
AUTHOR NAMES
Uhlyar S.
Gutstein S.
Rey J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Uhlyar S.; Gutstein S.; Rey J.A.) Nova Southeastern University, College of
Pharmacy, Ft. Lauderdale, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Uhlyar, Nova Southeastern University, College of Pharmacy, Ft.
Lauderdale, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (334-335). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Introduction: Medication adherence has always been a
problem with drug therapy regimens, especially in the psychiatric
population. Antipsychotics have a variety of undesirable side effects and
are more prone to non-adherence. Along with antipsychotic medications, many
patients with mental illness take numerous other psychotropics such as mood
stabilizers, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants. Unfortunately, there are
only a few long acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics available in the
United States, among which are haloperidol and risperidone. Purpose: The LAI
formulated antipsychotics, which can be beneficial in a patient-specific
regimen, and potentially cost effective when considering the possibility of
needing to use 'one-time' or 'as needed' medications more often in a
population treated with oral agents only. This question is the focus of this
study. Methods: A retrospective analysis with de-identified data, will aid
in evaluating adherence response and the necessity of additional 'one-time
use' or 'as needed' (PRN) doses with patients receiving LAIs compared to
patients receiving only oral agents in their treatment regimen. Using an
analysis of data from a longterm inpatient psychiatric facility, medical
records review from January 2011 to December 2012 will be conducted to
identify certain outcomes. The outcomes to be assessed include regimen
stability based on the use of PRN psychotropics between the two groups and
medication selection within each group. Evaluation of the medication
regimens of antipsychotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines will help
assess and create an effectiveness profile. Results: The results of this
study could be beneficial when suggesting and establishing patient-specific
treatment regimens with the highest chance for a positive clinical outcome
in regards to efficacy, cost of secondary medications and administration,
and safety of staff in inpatient hospital settings. Results to be presented.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine derivative
haloperidol
mood stabilizer
risperidone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
patient
pharmacist
safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
hospital
hospital patient
medical record review
medication compliance
mental disease
population
side effect
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 270
TITLE
Pharmacist interventions in a psychiatric primary care clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Wong K.R.
Montgomery J.
Brennan J.
Dress J.
Ross C.
Crabtree R.
Fabian T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wong K.R.; Montgomery J.; Brennan J.; Dress J.; Ross C.; Crabtree R.;
Fabian T.) Western Psychiatric Institute, Clinic of University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
(Fabian T.) University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.R. Wong, Western Psychiatric Institute, Clinic of University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (341). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Managing patients with psychiatric
illness presents unique challenges to primary care providers. This can be
due to a high number of medications, lack of medication knowledge,
medication access issues, and side effects, among other factors. Meeting the
healthcare needs of patients with mental illness requires expertise in both
psychiatric and medical medications. Psychiatric clinical pharmacists are
optimally positioned to provide specialized care in this unique practice
setting. Description of Innovative Service: Western Psychiatric Institute
and Clinic provides both inpatient and outpatient services to those
suffering from mental illness. The addition of three psychiatric clinical
pharmacists to the pharmacy department provided the opportunity to increase
clinical pharmacy services in the outpatient setting, specifically in the
primary care clinic. In October, pharmacists began seeing patients Monday
through Friday from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm. The pharmacist performs allergy and
medication reconciliation, evaluates medication adherence and the current
medication regimen, and meets with patients one-on-one prior to their
appointment in the clinic. Pharmacists identify drug-related problems, and
serve as a resource for intensive medication therapy management issues and
drug information requests. All interventions are documented in the
electronic medical record and in a clinical interventions database. Impact
on Patient Care: Between October 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012 clinical
pharmacists have seen 125 patients over 146 encounters (84% of all
appointments in psychiatric primary care clinic during that time period).
Patients seen in the clinic were 22-76 years old (average age: 53 years),
primarily male (n = 71, 57%), had an average of 4 chronic disease states
including psychiatric diagnoses, and were prescribed an average of 8
medications. During these encounters, pharmacists identified and addressed
44 allergy and adverse drug reaction discrepancies, 92 medication
reconciliation interventions, 84 adherence issues, and 67 additional
drug-related problems. Additionally, patients received counseling on each
issue identified. Conclusion: In threemonths, pharmacists made 287
interventions over 146 patient visits in a psychiatric primary care clinic.
Pharmacists have been a welcome addition to the healthcare team. Providers
have increased confidence that their patients' medication regimen is
appropriate and safe. And more importantly, patients are empowered to
actively participate in their medication therapy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
hospital
human
pharmacist
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
allergy
chronic disease
clinical pharmacy
counseling
data base
drug information
drug therapy
electronic medical record
health care
health care need
hospital department
hospital patient
male
medication compliance
medication therapy management
mental disease
outpatient
outpatient care
patient
patient care
pharmacy
psychiatric diagnosis
side effect
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 271
TITLE
The financial impact of supportive care vs supportive care plus
buprenorphine/naloxone for inpatient opiate detoxification
AUTHOR NAMES
Sullivan C.
Lorenz K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sullivan C.; Lorenz K.) Orlando Health, South Seminole Hospital, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Sullivan, Orlando Health, South Seminole Hospital, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (336-337). Date of Publication:
June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Colorado Springs, CO, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-04-21 to 2013-04-24
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Type: Work in Progress. Background: Each year, South Seminole Hospital
provides intensive inpatient opiate detoxification to approximately 1,000
patients. Patients are detoxed using one of two pharmacologic regimens: as
needed symptom-driven supportive care using a standard order set comprised
of clonidine, dicyclomine, hydroxyzine, ibuprofen, loperamide,
methocarbamol, pseudoephedrine, and trimethobenzamide OR supportive care
plus scheduled buprenorphine/ naloxone. Previous research indicates that
both options are safe and effective for opiate detoxification. Objective:
The objective of this study is to compare the financial impact of two
commonly used treatment regimens for opiate detoxification. Methods: This
retrospective chart review includes patients over the age of 18 admitted to
any behavioral health unit with a diagnosis of opioid abuse or dependence
seeking detoxification. Data will be retrieved via electronic medical
records from 2008 to 2012 and includes primary insurance coverage, average
hospital length of stay, average direct cost per patient, average variable
cost per patient, and overall percentage of patients who received
buprenorphine/ naloxone. Descriptive statistics will be provided. Outcomes:
The number and percent of patients who were treated for opiate
detoxification with and without buprenorphine/naloxone, along with the
number of patients with each insurance type (commercial, medicaid, medicare,
other government payers, and self-pay), the average hospital length of stay,
and average direct and variable costs be reported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
clonidine
dicycloverine
hydroxyzine
ibuprofen
loperamide
methocarbamol
naloxone
pseudoephedrine
trimethobenzamide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
detoxification
hospital patient
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
diagnosis
electronic medical record
government
health center
hospital
insurance
length of stay
medicaid
medical record review
medicare
patient
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013487674
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 272
TITLE
Two vigilance approaches
AUTHOR NAMES
Romic M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Romic M.) National Blood Transfusiona Institute, Beograd, Serbia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Romic, National Blood Transfusiona Institute, Beograd, Serbia.
SOURCE
Vox Sanguinis (2013) 105 SUPPL.1 (282). Date of Publication: June 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
23rd Regional Congress of the International Society of Blood Transfusion
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Amsterdam, Netherlands
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-06-02 to 2013-06-05
ISSN
0042-9007
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: At this moment there are several types of vigilance: pharamaco-,
haemo-, bio-, materio-, reacto-, addicto-... The importance of
pharmacovigilance was first introduced at the meeting in Sicily in 1997,
where many professionals, researchers, academics, media writers,
representatives of the pharmaceutical industry, drug regulators, patients,
consumers, and international health organizations, discussed the topic and
emphasized its relevance. All the stakeholders presented their point of
view, which resulted with the announcement of THE ERICE DECLARATION. Next,
The Uppsala Monitoring Centre (UPC): the Clinical pharmacology Unit started
educating professionals about the approaches, methods and news in the field
of pharmacovigilance. In addition, UPC printed booklet with necessary
information, and distributed it worldwide. Likewise, WHO NEWS from Geneva
sends newsletter on a monthly basis. At the same time, problems with HIV
transmission in France raised a concern and initiated a different type of
system of activities: haemovigilance. Being the new field of research, there
is no continuous source of information devoted to the topic of
haemovigilance. Data are being collected by INC (International
Haemovigilance Network). Pharmacovigilance and haemovigilance are different
types of practice, however they share much in common in terms of collection
and verification of data, as well as the permanent patient supervision. Aim:
This case study indicates similarities and differences in the working method
and information gathering between pharmacovigilance and haemovigilance.
Results: From 1997 onwards,EMEA published many guidelines , risk management
plans and Good Pharmacovigilance Practice( GVP), together with the other
important data for pharmacovigilance. In the field of haemovigilance,
similar documents are not published yet. Summary: It is of an utmost
importance to continue with further research in this field, consistent data
gathering, valuation, networking and distribution. Furthermore, the
comparative analysis of haemovigilance and pharmacovigilance is necessary in
order to gain further knowledge in these fields.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alertness
blood transfusion
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood safety
case study
clinical pharmacology
consumer
drug industry
drug surveillance program
France
health care organization
human
Human immunodeficiency virus
Italy
monitoring
patient
public health
publication
risk management
scientist
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vox.12048
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 273
TITLE
Drug related problems and interventions of pharmacists on prescribed
medicines in Belgium
AUTHOR NAMES
De Wulf I.
Boussery K.
De Vriese C.
De Meyer G.
Foulon V.
Lacour V.
Mehuys E.
Steurbaut S.
Van Hees T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(De Wulf I., Isabelle.dewulf@apb.be; Boussery K.; De Vriese C.; De Meyer G.;
Foulon V.; Lacour V.; Mehuys E.; Steurbaut S.; Van Hees T.) APB,
Archimedesstraat 11, Brussel, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. De Wulf, APB, Archimedesstraat 11, Brussel, Belgium. Email:
Isabelle.dewulf@apb.be
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:3 (497)
CONFERENCE NAME
8th Working Conference of the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Berlin, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-02-06 to 2013-02-08
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Aim of project/study (1) To study the frequency and nature of drug related
problems (DRP) detected by community pharmacists and internship students
when dispensing prescribed medicines. (2) To investigate the nature and
frequency of interventions by pharmacists. (3) To study whether there is a
difference between DRP detection at the moment of dispensing versus in a
quiet setting. Method All tutors of the participating universities in
Belgium were asked to contribute to the study. Participating pharmacists
quantified drug related problems and their interventions for 5 full or 10
half days. Registrations were made by using a web tool based on the
classification list of PCNE. This list had been translated and validated for
the Belgian community pharmacy setting prior to the development of the web
tool. The web application was evaluated by 38 students in a pilot study. A
few adaptations were made to improve the user friendliness. Results Six of
the seven Belgian universities and 530 (10.5 % of the 5,025) Belgian
pharmacists were willing to actively participate in the final study: 280
pharmacists and an equal number of internship students conducted the study
in November/December 2012 and 250 pharmacists and internship students will
do so in February/March 2013. On December 12th 4.907 DRP's were registered.
4,406 DRP were detected at the moment of dispensing, 501 (10 %) were
detected a posteriori, when the students analysed the prescription at a
quiet time. In 2.359 (48 %) of the registrations medicines that were
prescribed for the first time were involved, 2.469 (50 %) registrations were
made for repeat prescriptions and 78 (1.6 %) registrations were related to
compounded drugs. Further analysis of DRP and interventions has not yet been
done.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Belgium
Europe
human
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptation
classification
community
pharmacy
pilot study
prescription
registration
student
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9773-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 274
TITLE
Clinical pharmacy case education
AUTHOR NAMES
Vlcek J.
Maly J.
Fialova D.
Linhartova A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vlcek J., vlcek@faf.cuni.cz; Maly J.; Fialova D.; Linhartova A.) Charles
University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové, Czech
Republic.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Vlcek, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec
Králové, Czech Republic. Email: vlcek@faf.cuni.cz
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2013) 35:3 (498)
CONFERENCE NAME
8th Working Conference of the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Berlin, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-02-06 to 2013-02-08
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Aim of project/study To increase quality of pharmaceutical care by
increasing the knowledge and skills of pharmacists on how to maximize effect
and minimize risk of pharmacotherapy. Method The section of clinical
pharmacy together with pharmaceutical chamber developed interactive seminars
for pharmacists. The project was started in 2006, and a team of lectors
(pharmacists)was set up. This team meets twice a year during a business
meeting and develops content and quality standard rules. Every individual
seminar is led by lector together with physician (consultant). The task of
lector is to promote discussion concerning drug related problems (not only
describing it, but fitting it into theoretical knowledge and skills), to
identify problematic substances and find a way to monitor the clinical
relevance of DRP, and to manage it. Consultants make comments from the
medical point of view. The participants (maximum is 30 on each event)
receive several cases 1 week before the workshop. The workshops are running
in majority of regions of Czech Republic and so it is not necessary for
pharmacists to spend lot of time with travelling. Participants and lector
have to fill out a questionnaire at the end of the workshop. The
questionnaire was developed on business lector's meetings. Results We
started with 5-20 seminars, but now 70-80 seminars are given annually. In
2011 and 2012 respectively 1,767 and 1,750 pharmacists participated.
Preliminary results from the questionnaires show that for 96 % of
participants workshops meet their expectation, 82 % reported that it will be
useful in their daily dispensing practice, 96 % enjoyed discussing the topic
and about 98 % appreciate the professional level and interactivity of the
workshops.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
education
Europe
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
commercial phenomena
consultation
Czech Republic
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
physician
questionnaire
risk
skill
travel
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-013-9773-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 275
TITLE
Optimizing the safe and effective prescribing of opioids for pain management
in the emergency department
AUTHOR NAMES
Zimmerman D.E.
Cohen V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zimmerman D.E.; Cohen V.) Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 Tenth Avenue,
Brooklyn, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.E. Zimmerman, Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 Tenth Avenue, Brooklyn,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 26:3 (301). Date of Publication: June
2013
CONFERENCE NAME
52nd Annual Assembly of the New York State Council of Health-system
Pharmacists, NYSCHP 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Verona, NY, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-05-02 to 2013-05-05
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Opioid abuse and misuse has become an epidemic to the United States. The New
York City Department of Health and American College of Emergency Physicians
have released statement positions and recommendations for prescribing of
opioid medications in the emergency department.1,2 The goal of these
recommendations is to reduce the misuse and over prescribing of opioid
medications. The Emergency Department Clinical Pharmacist and Pharmacy
Resident in coordination with a multidisciplinary team of clinicians have
developed initiatives to ensure the Maimonides Medical Center
EmergencyDepartment is incompliance with the newrecommendations.The specific
areas of interest for this study include medication orders for chronic
nonmalignant pain patients, concurrent benzodiazepine use, and discharge
prescriptions for opioid containing medications. The purpose of this study
is to determine the effectiveness of opioid prescribing initiatives that are
aimed to reduce opioidmisuse and abuse. This study will be done by surveying
and collecting information on patients with opioid orders for chronic
nonmalignant pain and patients who are discharged with opioid prescriptions
both before and after the initiatives were implemented to calculate the
frequency of opioid misuse. Information that will be collected includes
deidentified patient information, opioid medication(s) ordered, concurrent
and home medication(s), and basic laboratory information. Orders for chronic
non-malignant pain will be considered inappropriate if non-opioid therapies
have not been attempted prior to opioid prescribing unless contraindications
to therapy are present. Discharge prescriptions will be considered
inappropriate if a 6-day supply or greater is dispensed. The initiatives
consist of prescriber education, modifications to the computer physician
order entry system. An estimated 250 orders will be included in this
analysis. Descriptive statistics will be used in this analysis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
emergency ward
health care
human
pharmacist
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
college
computerized provider order entry
drug therapy
education
emergency physician
epidemic
health
inappropriate prescribing
laboratory
pain
patient
patient information
pharmacy
prescription
statistics
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190013486091
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 276
TITLE
Assessment of clinical pharmacist intervention in tertiary care teaching
hospital of Southern India
AUTHOR NAMES
Satish Kumar B.P.
Dahal P.
Venkataraman R.
Fuloria P.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Satish Kumar B.P.; Dahal P., Prince_prasanna@hotmail.com; Venkataraman R.;
Fuloria P.C.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, AH and RC, SAC college of
Pharmacy, B.G Nagara, Karnataka, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Dahal, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, AH and RC, SAC college of
Pharmacy, B.G Nagara, Karnataka, India. Email: Prince_prasanna@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (2013) 6:SUPPL. 2
(255-258). Date of Publication: June 2013
ISSN
0974-2441
BOOK PUBLISHER
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 32-H, Kalany Nagar,
Aerodrum Road,Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Drug-related problems (DRPs) are frequent in hospitalization
where multiple changes in patient's medication regimens and lack of
continuity of care may be accompanied. Objectives: To assess clinical
pharmacist intervention on the drug related problems in medicine ward of
tertiary care hospital. Method: It was a prospective, observational and
interventional study carried over a period of 4 months. Results: A total of
240 patients were followed out of which 49 patients were intervened for
having one or more drug related problems. Male (61.30%) predominance was
noted over females (38.70%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen
in patients aged above 60 years, (53.10 %). A total of 71 drug related
problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted
from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.35%) followed by drug
selection (23.94%). Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were
on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.53%). Moderate
significance of DRPs were noted high (47.89 %), whereas (39.44 %) were minor
and (12.67 %) were major. The acceptance rate of intervening clinical
pharmacist recommendation and change in drug therapy was found to be high
(70.59%).Conclusion: Clinical pharmacist involvement in inpatients care can
significantly help to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs among patients
in the hospital. The study concluded that the clinical pharmacist have a
significant role in patients care at hospital.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
teaching hospital
tertiary health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
comorbidity
drug induced disease
female
hospital patient
hospitalization
human
India
major clinical study
male
medication error
observational study
patient care
prospective study
quality of life
sex difference
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013384925
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 277
TITLE
Physicians' perceptions, attitudes and expectations regarding the role of
hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank, Palestine
AUTHOR NAMES
Khdour M.R.
Alayasa K.S.
Alshahed Q.N.
Hawwa A.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khdour M.R., mkhdour@pharm.alquds.edu) Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds
University, P. O. Box 20002, Jerusalem, Israel.
(Alayasa K.S.) Faculty of Nursing, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Israel.
(Alshahed Q.N.) Department of Pharmacy, Patient Friends Society, Al-Rahma
PolyClinic, Nablus, Palestine.
(Hawwa A.F.) Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University
Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.R. Khdour, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, P. O. Box 20002,
Jerusalem, Israel. Email: mkhdour@pharm.alquds.edu
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2013) 21:3 (178-184). Date of
Publication: June 2013
ISSN
0961-7671
2042-7174 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, 1 Lambeth High Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the perceptions, expectations and experiences of
physicians with regard to hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank,
Palestine. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 250
physicians practising in four general hospitals in the West Bank, Palestine.
The main sections of the questionnaire comprised a series of statements
pertaining to physicians' perceptions, expectations and experiences with
pharmacists. Key findings One hundred and fifty seven questionnaires were
completed and returned (response rate, 62.8%). The majority of respondents
were most comfortable with pharmacists detecting and preventing prescription
errors (76.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 69.5-81.2%) and patient
education (57.9%; CI 51.2-63.4%) but they were not comfortable with
pharmacists suggesting the use of prescription medications to patients
(56.7%; CI 49.8-62.4%). Most physicians (62.4%; CI 56.8-69.1%) expected the
pharmacist to educate their patients about the safe and appropriate use of
their medication. However, approximately one-third (31.7%; CI 26.0-39.6%)
did not expect pharmacists to be available for consultation during rounds.
Physicians' experiences with pharmacists were less favourable; whereas 77%
(CI 70.2-81.5%) of the physicians agreed that pharmacists were always a
reliable source of information, only 11.5% (CI 6.2-16.4%) agreed that
pharmacists appeared to be willing to take responsibility for solving any
drug-related problems. Conclusion The present study showed that hospital
physicians are more likely to accept traditional pharmacy services than
newer clinical services for hospital-based pharmacists in the West Bank,
Palestine. Pharmacists should therefore interact more positively and more
frequently with physicians. This will close the gap between the physicians'
commonly held perceptions of what they expect pharmacists to do and what
pharmacists can actually do, and gain support for an extended role of
hospital-based pharmacists in future patient therapy management. © 2013
Royal Pharmaceutical Society.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
physician attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
consultation
female
human
male
Palestine
patient education
perception
pharmacist
prescription
priority journal
questionnaire
therapeutic error
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013322467
MEDLINE PMID
23418962 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23418962)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00246.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 278
TITLE
Evaluation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors as therapeutics:
Pharmacogenomic and pharmacoproteomic studies
AUTHOR NAMES
Park S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Park S., sypark21@dongduk.ac.kr) Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk
Women's University, 23-1 Wolgok-dong, Sungbukku, Seoul 136-714, South Korea.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Park, Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, 23-1
Wolgok-dong, Sungbukku, Seoul 136-714, South Korea. Email:
sypark21@dongduk.ac.kr
SOURCE
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine (2013) 11:1 (76-85). Date
of Publication: 2013
ISSN
1875-6921
1875-6913 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 294, Bussum, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family, which
includes GDNF, artemin, persephin, and neurturin, rests within the
transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. GDNF family members play a
crucial role in the development of peripheral autonomic and sensory neurons.
Recent studies on the impact of GDNF on posttraumatic nerve regeneration and
the treatment of neuropathic pain found that GDNF reversed the posttraumatic
changes. This paper focuses on different pharmacological effects of GDNFs
that are currently under examination enabled by pharmacogenomic and
pharmacoproteomic studies. From these lessons learned, it seems clear that
GDNF is involved in the mechanism of action of drugs that improve
neurodegenerative diseases and drug abuse, including alcohol. Although it is
difficult to postulate precisely GDNF pathway-specific drugs at this time,
identification of genes or proteins that are specifically regulated by GDNF
in certain cellular phenotypes might improve the efficacy of
neurodegenerative disease therapies. Additionally, the possibility of
fine-tuning GDNF expression in specific brain sites suffering from
neurotrophic factor malfunction might allow refinement of the personalized
strategies used to fight neuronal disorders. © 2013 Bentham Science
Publishers.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (clinical trial, drug
combination, drug therapy, intracerebroventricular drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
artemin (endogenous compound)
biglycan (endogenous compound)
brain derived neurotrophic factor (drug combination)
cofilin (endogenous compound)
collagen type 1 (endogenous compound)
drebrin (endogenous compound)
dynamin I (endogenous compound)
dynamin II (endogenous compound)
khellin (endogenous compound)
nestin (endogenous compound)
neurturin (endogenous compound)
persephin (endogenous compound)
placebo
plectin (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacogenomics
proteomics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
behavior
cell differentiation
cell survival
continuous infusion
dopaminergic nerve cell
down regulation
drug abuse
drug efficacy
human
microarray analysis
neuropathic pain
nonhuman
nucleotide sequence
Parkinson disease (drug therapy)
protein expression
randomized controlled trial (topic)
signal transduction
upregulation
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
artemin (22149-38-8)
biglycan (123939-84-4)
brain derived neurotrophic factor (218441-99-7)
khellin (82-02-0)
nestin (146315-66-4)
neurturin (185830-44-8, 185857-51-6)
persephin (205537-90-2)
MOLECULAR SEQUENCE NUMBERS
GENBANK (AA818145, AA818273, AA818977, AA858883, AA860061, AA866262,
AA874904, AA874911, AA875142, AA875155, AA875474, AA899076, AA899750,
AA900375, AA900574, AA900667, AA924607, AA924944, AA925096, AA925200,
AA925275, AA925388, AA925391, AA925635, AA955881, AA956175, AA997380,
AI044995, AI060107, AI144995)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013266624
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875692111311010010
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 279
TITLE
Drug-related problems and medication errors: A literature review on economic
outcomes in sub-saharan africa
AUTHOR NAMES
McRae J.
Lovett A.
Ohaya V.
Ohaya J.
Pounds T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McRae J.; Lovett A.; Ohaya V.; Ohaya J.) Mercer University, Atlanta, United
States.
(Pounds T.) Atlanta Medical Center, Atlanta, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. McRae, Mercer University, Atlanta, United States.
SOURCE
Value in Health (2013) 16:3 (A198). Date of Publication: May 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
ISPOR 18th Annual International Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-05-18 to 2013-05-22
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To review the literature published within the last decade
related to drug-related problems and medication errors in Sub-Saharan
Africa. This article provides a discussion on pharmaceutical care, with a
focus on economic outcomes. METHODS: A search using Medline, Embase was
conducted over the timeframe January 2002-December 2012 using key words such
as: Sub-Saharan Africa, medication errors, economics, and pharmaceutical
care. The abstract and/or full text of each article was reviewed. RESULTS:
Twenty studies were identified for review. The most common problems in the
pharmacy system were improper labeling, counterfeit drugs, lack of patient
education, and inadequate drug distribution. The lack of electronic medical
records and payment systems prevent the assessment of clinical cost
outcomes. In a study conducted by the University of Benin, of 1500
pharmacists, 93% reported that they would be willing to participate in “any
training program to enable them to practice pharmaceutical care.” There is a
lack of pharmacists able to provide pharmaceutical care as defined as the
direct, responsible provision of medication-related care designed to achieve
definite outcomes. The shortage of pharmacists is due to few training
institutions, migration, inadequate pay and poor working conditions.
Specifically, 25% of the world's global burden of disease is in Sub Saharan
Africa, while this area comprises 3% of the world's health workers. These
factors contribute to an increase in medication errors. CONCLUSIONS:
Sub-Saharan Africa lacks the necessary governmental regulation to ensure a
decrease in medication errors. The government may consider streamlining
their drug distribution system through the enforcement of regulations and
the use of information technology in the health care delivery system.
Additional studies are needed to examine economic outcomes. Several studies
provide information on cost effectiveness and quality of life, but these
studies are specific to the HIV/AIDS population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
counterfeit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Africa
medication error
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Benin
cost effectiveness analysis
drug distribution
drug therapy
economics
electronic medical record
Embase
government
health
health care delivery
health care personnel
human
information technology
Medline
patient education
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
pharmacy
population
quality of life
training
university
work environment
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2013.03.999
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 280
TITLE
Cost-effectiveness of clinical pharmacy education on infection management
among patients with chronic kidney disease in an indonesian hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Nasution A.
Syed Sulaiman S.A.
Shafie A.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nasution A., nasution.azizah4@gmail.com) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas
Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
(Syed Sulaiman S.A.; Shafie A.A.) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Nasution, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Tri Dharma
No. 5, Kampus USU, Medan 20155, Indonesia. Email: nasution.azizah4@gmail.com
SOURCE
Value in Health Regional Issues (2013) 2:1 (43-47). Date of Publication: May
2013
ISSN
2212-1099
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study evaluated the clinical and economic impacts of
clinical pharmacy education (CPE) on infection management among patients
with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4 and 5 in Haji Adam Malik
Hospital, Indonesia. Methods: A quasi-experimental economic evaluation
comparing CPE impact on 6-month CKD mortality was conducted on the basis of
payer perspective. The experimental group (n = 63) received care by health
care providers who were given CPE on drug-related problems and dose
adjustment. The control group (n = 80) was based on the historical cohort of
patients who received care before the CPE. Measure of clinical outcome
applied in this study was number of lives saved/100 patients treated.
Cost-effectiveness ratios for CKD stages 4 and 5 patients without CPE and
with CPE and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for CKD stages 4
and 5 patients were analyzed. Results: Lives saved (%) in the treatment of
CKD without CPE: CKD stage 4, 78.57; CKD stage 5, 57.58. Lives saved (%) in
the treatment of CKD with CPE: CKD stage 4, 88.89; CKD stage 5, 65.45.
Cost-effectiveness ratios for stage 4 with and without CPEs were
Rp3,348,733.27 and Rp3,519,931.009, respectively. Cost-effectiveness ratios
for stage 5 with and without CPEs were Rp7,137,874.93 and Rp7,871,822.27,
respectively. ICERs were Rp2,045,341.22 for CKD stage 4 and Rp1,767,585.60
for CKD stage 5. Conclusions: Treatment of CKD stages 4 and 5 with CPE was
more effective and cost-effective compared with treatment of CKD stages 4
and 5 without CPE. The ICERs indicated that extra costs were required to
increase life saved in both stages. © 2013 International Society for
Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic kidney disease
clinical pharmacy
cost effectiveness analysis
infection (disease management)
patient education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cohort analysis
controlled study
disease association
disease severity
female
health care cost
health care delivery
health care utilization
human
Indonesia
major clinical study
male
mortality
priority journal
quasi experimental study
survival rate
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013289563
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2013.02.009
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 281
TITLE
Coffea arabica seed extract stimulate the cellular immune function and
cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Haque M.R.
Ansari S.H.
Rashikh A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Haque M.R., hrafiul@gmail.com; Ansari S.H.) Department of Pharmacognosy and
Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 62, India.
(Rashikh A.) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 62, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. R. Haque, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Jamia Hamdard,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 62, India. Email: hrafiul@gmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:1 (101-108). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigate the immunostimulatory effects of alcoholic
extract of the coffee seed on cell-mediated immune response and
cyclophosphamide-induced (CP) immunosuppressed mice. The assessment of
cellular immune function was carried out by the measurement of delayed-type
hypersensitivity (DTH) response. According to the literature survey,
cyclophosphamide has only suppressing effect on the lymphoid organ, white
blood cell (WBC) and other parts of humoral immunity. Humoral immunity was
assessed by the hemagglutination antibody titre. Mice were treated with
three doses of extract (50, 150 and 250 mg/Kg body weight per os). Relative
organ weight and WBC counts were also studied in these animals. At doses of
50 and 150, a signifcant increase (p < 0.05) in relative organ weight of
spleen and thymus was observed but there was no effect on kidney and liver
weights. WBC counts was also increased signifcantly (p < 0.001) in all doses
of the plant extract. Coffea arabica extract elicited a signifcant (p <
0.001) increase in the DTH response at doses of 50 and 150 mg/Kg, but the
change at higher dose of 250 mg/Kg was not statistically signifcant. In the
HT test, plant extract also showed modulatory effect at all doses groups.
Over all, coffee seed showed the stimulatory effect on cellular immune
function and cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression in mice. © 2013 by
School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Coffea arabica extract (drug development, oral drug administration)
plant extract (drug development, oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carboxymethylcellulose
cyclophosphamide
gallic acid
hemagglutinin (endogenous compound)
liver enzyme (endogenous compound)
quercetin
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
coffee
immune deficiency
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
antibody titer
article
cellular immunity
controlled study
delayed hypersensitivity
female
humoral immunity
immunostimulation
mouse
nonhuman
organ weight
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
carboxymethylcellulose (8050-38-2, 9000-11-7, 9004-32-4, 9050-04-8)
cyclophosphamide (50-18-0)
gallic acid (149-91-7)
hemagglutinin (37333-12-3)
quercetin (117-39-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013149497
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 282
TITLE
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) supplementation to diabetic rats improves
serum and hepatic oxidative stress markers
AUTHOR NAMES
Haidari F.
Omidian K.
Rafei H.
Zarei M.
Shahi M.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Haidari F.) Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz
University of Medical Sciences, 61357-15794, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Omidian K.) Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Rafei H.) Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical
Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
(Zarei M.) Department of Food Hygiene, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,
Ahvaz, Iran.
(Shahi M.M., shahi334@gmail.com) Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, 61357-15794, Ahvaz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. M. Shahi, Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of
Medical Sciences, 61357-15794, Ahvaz, Iran. Email: shahi334@gmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:1 (109-114). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and is interrelated
to oxidative stress-induced diseases. According to the role of dietary
antioxidants in control and prevention of diabetes, this study was aimed to
evaluate the effect of green tea extract on serum glucose levels and serum
and hepatic total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid (MDA) in diabetic
rats. Experimental diabetes in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection
of streptozotocin (55 mg/Kg). Alcoholic extract of green tea (100, 200
mg/Kg) was given by oral gavage to normal and diabetic rats for 4 weeks.
Finally, serum glucose and serum and hepatic levels of MDA and TAC were
measured and analyzed statistically. Data showed that green tea extract at
dose of 200 mg/Kg significantly decreased the serum glucose levels, serum
and hepatic MDA concentration and increased the total antioxidant capacity
in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Green tea supplementation also increased
hepatic TAC in normal rats (p < 0.05). The antihyperglycemic and
antioxidative features of green tea make it an attractive candidate for the
prophylactic treatment of diabetes, although further investigation is needed
to determine exact dose and duration of supplementation. © 2013 by School of
Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
biological marker (endogenous compound)
green tea extract (drug development, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
dimethyl sulfoxide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diabetes mellitus (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
antidiabetic activity
antioxidant activity
article
chemical analysis
controlled study
drug dose comparison
general condition improvement
male
nonhuman
oxidative stress
prophylaxis
rat
streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus
tea
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
dimethyl sulfoxide (67-68-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Endocrinology (3)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013149498
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 283
TITLE
Long-term morphine-treated rats are more sensitive to antinociceptive effect
of diclofenac than the morphine-naive rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Akbari E.
Mirzaei E.
Majd N.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Akbari E., akbari_esmaeil@yahoo.com; Majd N.S.) Department of Physiology
and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical
Sciences, Sari, Iran.
(Mirzaei E.) School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences,
Sari, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Akbari, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine,
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Email:
akbari_esmaeil@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2013) 12:1 (175-184). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the effectiveness of the antinociceptive effects of
diclofenac, an NSAID, on the nociceptive behavior of morphine-treated rats
on formalin test. Rats were treated with morphine-containing drinking water
for twenty one days, which induced morphine dependence. The antinociceptive
effects of 8, 16, and 32 mg/kg doses of diclofenac were then evaluated and
compared with distilled water in a formalin-based model of pain. Diclofenac
potentiated pain suppression in morphine-dependent rats during the
interphase of the formalin test and reduced the pain score during phase II.
The post-test analysis revealed that both 16 mg/kg (p < 0.0001) and 32 mg/kg
(p < 0.0001) doses of diclofenac had a signifcant effect on the inter phase,
while 8 mg/kg (p < 0.05), 16 mg/kg (p < 0.05), and 32 mg/kg (p < 0.01) doses
of diclofenac signifcantly affected phase II. In contrast, the
antinociceptive effects of diclofenac on morphine-naïve rats were observed
during phase II only with the a 32 mg/kg dose (p < 0.05). In general, these
results suggest that the long-term use of morphine in rats increases their
sensitivity to the antinociceptive effects of diclofenac. Furthermore, the
results support the existence of a non-opioid-dependent mechanism of pain
suppression during the interphase of formalin test. Copyright © 2013 by
School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diclofenac (drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug administration)
morphine (oral drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
formaldehyde
naloxone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antinociception
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
article
behavior
controlled study
locomotion
male
morphine addiction
nociception
nonhuman
pain (drug therapy)
pain assessment
rat
scoring system
weight reduction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diclofenac (15307-79-6, 15307-86-5)
formaldehyde (50-00-0)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013149506
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 284
TITLE
Problem based pharmacotherapy teaching for pharmacy students and pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Toklu H.Z.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com) Marmara University School of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmacology, Tibbiye Cad. No: 49, 34668 Haydarpasa -
Istanbul, Turkey.
(Toklu H.Z., haletoklu@yahoo.com) Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmacology, Nicosia, Cyprus.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Z. Toklu, Marmara University School of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacology, Tibbiye Cad. No: 49, 34668 Haydarpasa - Istanbul, Turkey.
Email: haletoklu@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Current Drug Delivery (2013) 10:1 (67-70). Date of Publication: 2013
ISSN
1567-2018
1875-5704 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 294, Bussum, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacy profession also involves identifying, solving and preventing
drug-related problems, as well as encouraging proper use of medications,
thus improving clinical outcome of the treatment. Pharmacotherapy is usually
thaught as lectures in pharmacy schools and many students have a difficulty
in implementing the theoretical knowledge into practice. Therefore courses
on "rational drug use or rational pharmacotherapy" should be given by
problem based teaching methods. Since 2009, "Rational Drug Use" courses are
given in Marmara University School of Pharmacy by such a method (based on
simulated patients and dispensing score) developed by the 'Turkish
Pharmacological Society'. The method enables problem based learning and it
is also used in some of the pharmacy schools in Turkey and in Near East
University in Northern Cyprus. This kind of learning will provide ability
for critical thinking, improve problemsolving skills and decision making
during pharmacotherapy. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
pharmacist
pharmacy student
problem solving
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
learning
medical decision making
medical practice
medical profession
priority journal
professional knowledge
scoring system
simulation
skill
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013190836
MEDLINE PMID
22998048 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22998048)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310010012
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 285
TITLE
Effects of academic service learning in drug misuse and addiction on
students' learning preferences and attitudes toward harm reduction.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kabli N.
Liu B.
Seifert T.
Arnot M.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kabli N.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto,
Ontario, Canada.
(Liu B.; Seifert T.; Arnot M.I.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Kabli, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto,
Ontario, Canada.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2013) 77:3 (63). Date of
Publication: 12 Apr 2013
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE. To examine academic service-learning pedagogy on student learning
and perceptions of drug misuse and addiction. DESIGN. Third- and fourth-year
pharmacology students were exposed to an academic service-learning pedagogy
that integrated a community service experience with lectures, in-class
discussions and debates, group projects, a final paper, and an examination.
Reflective writing assignments throughout the course required students to
assimilate and apply what they had learned in the classroom to what they
learned in their community placement. ASSESSMENT. Changes in students'
responses on pre- and post-course survey instruments reflected shifts toward
higher-order thinking. Also, subjective student-learning modalities shifted
toward learning by writing. Students' perspectives and attitudes allowed
improved context of issues associated with drug misuse and harm reduction
models. CONCLUSION. Academic service-learning pedagogy contributes to
developing adaptable, well-rounded, engaged learners who become more
compassionate and pragmatic in addressing scientific and social questions
relating to drug addiction.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (therapy)
harm reduction
health personnel attitude
learning
pharmacy student
social welfare
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
decision making
drug dependence
human
information processing
methodology
pharmacology
psychological aspect
service-learning
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23610481 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23610481)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 286
TITLE
Changing the face of pain through pharmacy pain consults
AUTHOR NAMES
Nair H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nair H.) IU Health, West Avon, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Nair, IU Health, West Avon, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pain (2013) 14:4 SUPPL. 1 (S89). Date of Publication: April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
32nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Pain Society
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-05-09 to 2013-05-11
ISSN
1526-5900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Churchill Livingstone Inc.
ABSTRACT
Changing the Face of Pain through Pharmacy Pain Consults at a Small
Community Hospital. In 2010, IU HealthWest Hospital ranked in the 12th
percentile in our value based purchasing pain score. In April of 2010 we
implemented a multidisciplinary Pain Resource Nurse and Colleague program
with the stated aim to improve our patient experience scores for pain
management. After two days of classroom education, this core group met
monthly to identify weaknesses in our practice methods, and to look for key
strategies to support improvements in pain management. Very early in our
Pain Committee evolution it was identified some staff had misunderstandings
and misperceptions about the nuances of appropriate pain management.
Pharmacological knowledge about various pain medications was identified as
an area that needed improvement. The pharmacist on the Pain Resource and
Colleague committee agreed to help educate the both physicians and nursing
staff. This education was done in phases due to the varying shifts and
staffing issues. After initial positive feedback, colleagues from physical
therapy and occupational therapy requested pharmacy education in the area of
pain management. This content was added for all new caregivers joining our
team. Our pain scores improved somewhat following this education, but were
still below our desired preeminent level. The Pain Committee advocated for
the initiation of a Pharmacy Pain Consult program to further support
patients experiencing unrelieved pain, chronic pain or who had addiction
issues. It was recognized that the pharmacists could share their
understanding of the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of pain medications
with physicians and nurses who might need further education.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pain
pharmacy
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
analgesia
caregiver
chronic pain
community hospital
drug therapy
education
hospital
human
nurse
nursing staff
occupational therapy
patient
pharmacist
pharmacokinetics
pharmacology
physician
physiotherapy
positive feedback
purchasing
weakness
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2013.01.695
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 287
TITLE
Pharmacy syringe purchase test of nonprescription syringe sales in San
Francisco and Los Angeles in 2010.
AUTHOR NAMES
Lutnick A.
Cooper E.
Dodson C.
Bluthenthal R.
Kral A.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lutnick A.) Urban Health Program, RTI International, San Francisco, CA,
USA.
(Cooper E.; Dodson C.; Bluthenthal R.; Kral A.H.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Lutnick, Urban Health Program, RTI International, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Email: alutnick@rti.org
SOURCE
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
(2013) 90:2 (276-283). Date of Publication: Apr 2013
ISSN
1468-2869 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
The two main legal sources of clean needles for illicit injection drug users
(IDUs) in California are syringe exchange programs (SEPs) and
nonprescription syringe sales (NPSS) at pharmacies. In 2004, California
became one of the last states to allow NPSS. To evaluate the implementation
of NPSS and the California Disease Prevention Demonstration Project (DPDP),
we conducted syringe purchase tests in San Francisco (SF) and Los Angeles
(LA) between March and July of 2010. Large differences in implementation
were observed in the two cities. In LA, less than one-quarter of the
enrolled pharmacies sold syringes to our research assistant (RA), and none
sold a single syringe. The rate of successful purchase in LA is the lowest
reported in any syringe purchase test. In both sites, there was notable
variation among the gauge size available, and price and quantity of syringes
required for a purchase. None of the DPDP pharmacies in LA or SF provided
the requisite health information. The findings suggest that more outreach
needs to be conducted with pharmacists and pharmacy staff. The pharmacies'
failure to disseminate the educational materials may result in missed
opportunities to provide needed harm reduction information to IDUs. The
varied prices and required quantities may serve as a barrier to syringe
access among IDUs. Future research needs to examine reasons why pharmacies
do not provide the mandated information, whether the omission of disposal
options is indicative of pharmacies' reluctance to serve as disposal sites,
and if the dual opt-in approach of NPSS/DPDP is a barrier to pharmacy
enrollment.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
commercial phenomena
economics
human
infection control
legal aspect
preventive health service
qualitative research
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22718357 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718357)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-012-9713-7
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 288
TITLE
Phenotypic variability in resting-state functional connectivity: Current
status
AUTHOR NAMES
Vaidya C.J.
Gordon E.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vaidya C.J., cjv2@georgetown.edu) Department of Psychology, Georgetown
University, 306 White-Gravenor, Washington, DC 20057, United States.
(Vaidya C.J., cjv2@georgetown.edu) Children's Research Institute, Children's
National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
(Gordon E.M.) Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center,
Washington, DC, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.J. Vaidya, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, 306
White-Gravenor, Washington, DC 20057, United States. Email:
cjv2@georgetown.edu
SOURCE
Brain Connectivity (2013) 3:2 (99-120). Date of Publication: 1 Apr 2013
ISSN
2158-0014
2158-0022 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Mary Ann Liebert Inc., 140 Huguenot Street, New Rochelle, United States.
ABSTRACT
We reviewed the extant literature with the goal of assessing the extent to
which resting-state functional connectivity is associated with phenotypic
variability in healthy and disordered populations. A large corpus of work
has accumulated to date (125 studies), supporting the association between
intrinsic functional connectivity and individual differences in a wide range
of domains - not only in cognitive, perceptual, motoric, and linguistic
performance, but also in behavioral traits (e.g., impulsiveness, risky
decision making, personality, and empathy) and states (e.g., anxiety and
psychiatric symptoms) that are distinguished by cognitive and affective
functioning, and in neurological conditions with cognitive and motor
sequelae. Further, intrinsic functional connectivity is sensitive to remote
(e.g., early-life stress) and enduring (e.g., duration of symptoms) life
experience, and it exhibits plasticity in response to recent experience
(e.g., learning and adaptation) and pharmacological treatment. The most
pervasive associations were observed with the default network; associations
were also widespread between the cingulo-opercular network and both
cognitive and affective behaviors, while the frontoparietal network was
associated primarily with cognitive functions. Associations of somatomotor,
frontotemporal, auditory, and amygdala networks were relatively restricted
to the behaviors linked to their respective putative functions.
Surprisingly, visual network associations went beyond visual function to
include a variety of behavioral traits distinguished by affective function.
Together, the reviewed evidence sets the stage for testing causal hypothesis
about the functional role of intrinsic connectivity and augments its
potential as a biomarker for healthy and disordered brain function. ©
Copyright 2013, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2013.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
escitalopram (drug therapy)
thiamine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
connectome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
affect
amygdaloid nucleus
anxiety disorder
autism
behavior
borderline state
cingulate gyrus
clinical feature
cognition
decision making
depression (drug therapy)
drug dependence
empathy
epilepsy
episodic memory
generalized anxiety disorder
human
intelligence
learning
memory disorder
multiple sclerosis
neurologic disease
nonhuman
obsessive compulsive disorder
pars opercularis
personality
phenotype
posttraumatic stress disorder
priority journal
review
schizophrenia
social phobia
task performance
Wernicke encephalopathy (drug therapy)
working memory
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2)
thiamine (59-43-8, 67-03-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013277401
MEDLINE PMID
23294010 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23294010)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2012.0110
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 289
TITLE
Analysis of clinical pharmacist interventions in a tertiary teaching
hospital in Brazil.
AUTHOR NAMES
Reis W.C.
Scopel C.T.
Correr C.J.
Andrzejevski V.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reis W.C.; Scopel C.T.; Correr C.J.; Andrzejevski V.M.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.C. Reis,
SOURCE
Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) (2013) 11:2 (190-196). Date of Publication:
2013 Apr-Jun
ISSN
2317-6385 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To analyze the clinical pharmacist interventions performed during the review
of prescription orders of the Adult Intensive Care, Cardiologic Intensive
Care, and Clinical Cardiology Units of a large tertiary teaching hospital in
Brazil. The analysis took place daily with the following parameters: dose,
rate of administration, presentation and/or dosage form, presence of
inappropriate/unnecessary drugs, necessity of additional medication, more
proper alternative therapies, presence of relevant drug interactions,
inconsistencies in prescription orders, physical-chemical
incompatibilities/solution stability. From this evaluation, the drug therapy
problems were classified, as well as the resulting clinical interventions.
During the study, a total of 6,438 drug orders were assessed and 933
interventions were performed. The most prevalent drug therapy problems
involved ranitidine (28.44%), enoxaparin (13.76%), and meropenem (8.26%).
The acceptability of the interventions was 76.32%. The most common problem
found was related to dose, representing 46.73% of the total. Our study
showed that up to 14.6% of the prescriptions reviewed had some drug therapy
problem and the pharmacist interventions have promoted positive changes in
seven to ten of these prescriptions.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
medication error
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Brazil
classification
human
inappropriate prescribing
middle aged
pharmacist
prospective study
standard
statistics
teaching hospital
tertiary care center
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Portuguese
MEDLINE PMID
23843060 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843060)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 290
TITLE
Pharmacovigilance is essential-Safety comes first
AUTHOR NAMES
Sridhar S.
Shwetha H.
Shwetha A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sridhar S.; Shwetha H.; Shwetha A.M.) M S Ramaiah Medical College,
Bangalore, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Sridhar, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore, India.
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (2013) 57:5 SUPPL. 1 (260).
Date of Publication: 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
59th Annual Conference of Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists
of India, APPI 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bengaluru, India
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-11-28 to 2013-11-30
ISSN
0019-5499
BOOK PUBLISHER
Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India
ABSTRACT
Adverse drug reactions are considered one among the leading causes of
morbidity and mortality adding to spiraling costs of medical treatment.
Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities that deals with detection,
evaluation, understanding and prevention of adverse drug reactions or any
other drug related problems. Large, diversified genetic pool of patients,
increasing number of new drug approvals, self-medication, alternative
systems of medicine and lack of awareness and our own data on adverse drug
reactions calls for the need of Pharmacovigilance in India. Unfortunately,
inspite of presence of well organized centers for drug monitoring in the
country, the number of reports sent annually is dismal. This warrants an
urgent need to reinforce pharmacovigilance activities through continuing
medical education and workshops to create awareness among clinicians and
public education on dangerous outcomes of self medication. Need of the hour
is to emphasize on effective reporting at all levels of patient care and to
ensure that the benefits of use of medicine outweighs the risks and thus
safeguard the health of the Indian population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
new drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
India
safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
drug approval
drug monitoring
education
health
human
Indian
medical education
morbidity
mortality
non implantable urine incontinence electrical stimulator
patient
patient care
population
prevention
risk
self medication
therapy
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 291
TITLE
An integrative research review (IRR) of pharmacological and
non-pharmacological interventions of sundowning syndrome in older adults
AUTHOR NAMES
Sanchez Z.V.
Bennett L.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sanchez Z.V.; Bennett L.L.) Scool of Nursing, Union University, Jackson,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Z.V. Sanchez, Scool of Nursing, Union University, Jackson, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2013) 61 SUPPL. 1 (S166). Date
of Publication: April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Geriatrics Society
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Grapevine, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-05-03 to 2013-05-05
ISSN
0002-8614
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Sundowning is not a psychiatric diagnosis but a descriptive term
referring to a cluster of neuropsychiatric symptoms; starting at dusk and
subsiding early morning. A wide range of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic
interventions are used in managing this condition; but with mixed success.
As a result, the management of these neuropsychiatric symptoms are a
challenge to healthcare providers and caregivers. The purpose of this IRR is
to systematically evaluate the efficacy of both interventions with the goal
of, 1. summarizing past findings, 2. contributing to exiting body of
literature with evidence-based recommendations, and 3. identifying areas
where further investigation is required. Methods: A comprehensive literature
study was conducted following the PRISMA Statement. Both researchers
independently searched the following databases: PubMed, Academic Journal,
PsychInfo, Medline Plus, CINHAL, EBSCO, OVID, Cochrane Databases of
Systematic Reviews, and manually reviewed the reference list of relevant
studies and textbooks. Terms used: sundowning, sundowning syndrome, &
sundown. Initial search resulted in 207 citations, 47 studies met criteria
for non-pharmacological (22 studies) and pharmacological (25 studies)
interventions. Result: Non-pharmacological interventions include exposure to
bright light therapy (12 studies), and environmental or behavioral
modification such as music, aromatherapy, decreasing noisy background, and
caregiver education (10 studies). Pharmacological interventions include
melatonin, benzodiazepines, acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), and
atypical antipsychotics. Use of melatonin (17 studies) were studied ranging
from 3 mg to 10 mg X 10 days to 35 months; patients showed decrease in
agitation behaviors, with longer treatment showing marked improvement.
AChEIs (six studies) showed reduction in evening activities and increased in
daytime activities. Atypical antipsychotics (two studies) were used to
control acute aggressiveness and disorder behaviors, but long-term
pharmacotherapy of these drugs may be problematic. Conclusions: Trials using
melatonin at a dose of 6 mg with at least 4- month follow-up, exposure to
bright light in the morning and afternoon, and music therapy showed
improvement in sundowning syndrome. Researches plan to pilot test these
recommendations to validate these findings, since no multi-interventional
studies were found.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylcholinesterase
atypical antipsychotic agent
benzodiazepine derivative
cholinesterase inhibitor
melatonin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
geriatrics
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aggressiveness
agitation
aromatherapy
book
caregiver
data base
diseases
drug therapy
education
evidence based practice
exposure
follow up
health care personnel
human
intervention study
Medline
music
music therapy
patient
phototherapy
psychiatric diagnosis
PsycINFO
scientist
systematic review (topic)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12263
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 292
TITLE
Development and implementation of a student pharmacist-led prescription drug
abuse prevention and education program in staten Island high schools
AUTHOR NAMES
Wong T.
Bui A.
Wong K.
Sordo E.
Kovera C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wong T., twong5@student.touro.edu; Bui A.; Wong K.; Sordo E.; Kovera C.)
Touro College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Wong, Touro College of Pharmacy, United States. Email:
twong5@student.touro.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e108-e109).
Date of Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Prescription drug abuse is an epidemic and serious public health
issue. Within New York City's five boroughs, abuse of prescription drugs is
most prevalent on Staten Island. The Prescription Drug Abuse Prevention and
Education Program (PDAPEP), created and led by student pharmacists and
mentored by faculty, is designed to address this problem in teenagers.
PDAPEP's objectives are to use education to decrease and prevent
prescription drug abuse reported in high schools and to promote peer-topeer
advocacy. The program does this by focusing on correcting misperceptions,
empowering audiences, and developing skills to actively resist abusing
prescription drugs and to report or seek help if needed. Methods: With
ongoing supervision by the college of pharmacy faculty, student pharmacists
involved in PDAPEP developed presentations, interactive sessions, and
informational brochures about prescription drug abuse, and presented in
classroom-sized groups on scheduled occasions to two Staten Island high
schools. Motivated students are recruited and trained as ambassadors to
teach their peers, while PDAPEP faculty teach parents how to exercise
caution, recognize symptoms, talk to their teens, and participate in drug
take-back programs. An evidence-based survey of 10 to 15 rating scale
questions was developed and administered pre-post for each school visit
(approximately 400 high school students) to measure change in perceptions,
knowledge, and attitudes. Annual metrics for gauging program effectiveness
at each school will be available June 2013 and include reports on student
incidents and requests for help, number of ambassadors trained, number of
peer-to-peer educational campaigns, and participation in National
Prescription Drug Take-Back Day events.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
education program
high school
human
island (geological)
pharmacist
prevention
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adolescent
college
education
epidemic
evidence based practice
exercise
high school student
parent
pharmacy
program effectiveness
public health
rating scale
school
skill
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 293
TITLE
Dextromethorphan abuse: A literature review
AUTHOR NAMES
Gershman J.A.
Fass A.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gershman J.A., jennifer.gershman@nova.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL,
United States.
(Fass A.D.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Nova
Southeastern University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Gershman, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Nova
Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, United States. Email:
jennifer.gershman@nova.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Technology (2013) 29:2 (66-71). Date of Publication:
March-April 2013
ISSN
8755-1225
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To review dextromethorphan abuse patterns from 2002-2012 and
emphasize the pharmacist's role in prevention, education, and sales
surveillance. Data Sources: A literature search was conducted through PubMed
(2002-November 2012), EMBASE (2002-November 2012), and International
Pharmaceutical Abstracts (2002-November 2012), using the search term
dextromethorphan abuse. The Drug Enforcement Administration and National
Association of Boards of Pharmacy websites were searched for
dextromethorphan abuse and legislative updates. The search was limited to a
10-year period to identify the most current case reports and studies. Study
Selection and Data Extraction: The limits used were studies/case reports
evaluating humans and published in the English language. Only studies and
case reports that assessed dextromethorphan abuse were included in the
review. Eight studies and 9 case reports met the inclusion criteria. Data
Synthesis: Case reports and studies demonstrate that there are patterns
associated with dextromethorphan abuse. A study using data reported to the
National Poison Data System identified Coricidin as the most (65.5%)
commonly abused dextromethorphan product until 2006; its abuse has decreased
since that time (p < 0.0001). The most common abuse effects and toxicities
cited in studies and case reports include agitation, confusion, central
nervous system depression, tachycardia, hypertension, lethargy, psychosis,
hallucinations, mydriasis, dizziness, and cardiotoxicity. One study
identified that 96% of samples tested positive for other substances in
addition to dextromethorphan. Coingestion of other substances is also common
among dextromethorphan abusers. Conclusions: Case reports and studies
demonstrate that there are patterns associated with dextromethorphan abuse.
It is difficult to identify dextromethorphan as the causative agent of abuse
effects because of coingestion of other substances. Studies should examine
the pharmacist's role and the association between dextromethorphan sales
restrictions and abuse patterns. © 1985-2013 Harvey Whitney Books Co. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dextromethorphan (adverse drug reaction, drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (side effect)
agitation
central nervous system depression
coma (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
cross-sectional study
drug half life
drug surveillance program
dyskinesia (side effect)
dystonia (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
hallucination (side effect)
health education
heart arrest (side effect)
human
hypertension (side effect)
lethargy (side effect)
mydriasis (side effect)
myoclonus (side effect)
nystagmus (side effect)
pharmacist
prevalence
psychosis (side effect)
QT prolongation (side effect)
respiratory arrest (side effect)
retrospective study
review
seizure (side effect)
serotonin syndrome (side effect)
sex difference
side effect (side effect)
sweating
tachycardia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013355346
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 294
TITLE
Pharmacological cognitive enhancement for work, school, and play
implications for life, learning, and practice.
AUTHOR NAMES
O'Malley P.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(O'Malley P.A.) Center of Nursing Excellence, Miami Valley Hospital, Dayton,
OH 45409, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.A. O'Malley, Center of Nursing Excellence, Miami Valley Hospital, Dayton,
OH 45409, USA. Email: pomalley@mvh.org
SOURCE
Clinical nurse specialist CNS (2013) 27:2 (67-70). Date of Publication: 2013
Mar-Apr
ISSN
1538-9782 (electronic)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nootropic agent (drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
bioethics
evidence based practice
forecasting
human
learning
psychological aspect
recreation
school
work
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23392062 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23392062)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 295
TITLE
Knowledge and beliefs regarding prescription drug abuse among male,
undergraduate college students
AUTHOR NAMES
Pugh A.
Murphy B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pugh A., ashley.pugh@my.uu.edu; Murphy B.) Union University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Pugh, Union University, United States. Email: ashley.pugh@my.uu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e109). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the effect of an
educational intervention on knowledge and beliefs regarding prescription
drug abuse among a group of male, undergraduate college students. Methods:
Prescription drug abuse is a growing problem in the United States, and
college-aged individuals are particularly affected by this problem. Among
young adults aged 18 to 25 years old, abuse of prescription drugs ranks
ahead of all illicit drugs except marijuana. Because of the prevalence of
drug abuse among college-aged individuals, a student pharmacist collaborated
with two undergraduate fraternal organizations on the campus of a small,
private, religiously affiliated university. Both of the social fraternities
were visited during their regular meeting times and were provided with a
30-minute presentation focused specifically on misuse and abuse of
prescription medications among college-aged students. The two presentations
took place consecutively on the same evening for the purpose of not
influencing pre-test results. To assess the effect of this educational
intervention on awareness of prescription drug abuse, a survey was developed
with five questions assessing beliefs, seven questions assessing knowledge
about prescription drug abuse, and three questions collecting demographic
information. This survey was administered in paper format to each
participant immediately prior to the educational intervention, and an
identical survey was administered immediately following the presentation.
Pre-post surveys were matched using numerical codes. Differences in
knowledge and beliefs before and after the presentation, as assessed by the
pre-test and post-test, will be evaluated using the paired t test, with an
alpha of 0.05. Results of this study will be used to develop future student
pharmacist-directed interventions regarding prescription drug abuse that
will effectively impact this important population. The study design was
granted approval by the university's institutional review board.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college student
drug abuse
human
male
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
college
drug therapy
institutional review
organization
pharmacist
population
prescription
prevalence
student
Student t test
study design
United States
university
young adult
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 296
TITLE
Perceptions of New York pharmacists toward the modernization of the state
prescription drug monitoring program
AUTHOR NAMES
Weiland A.
Wrobel M.
McEvoy A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Weiland A., aweiland87@gmail.com; McEvoy A.) Middleport Family Health
Center, United States.
(Wrobel M.) State University of New York, Buffalo, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Weiland, Middleport Family Health Center, United States. Email:
aweiland87@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e50). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The primary objective of this study is to assess pharmacists'
perceptions of a real-time prescription drug monitoring registry and its
effects on overprescribing and controlled substance abuse in New York State.
Secondary objectives include assessing pharmacists' willingness and
perceived barriers to using the system and their opinions on the
reclassification of hydrocodone as a Schedule II controlled substance.
Methods: This survey will begin by contacting the six fully accredited
schools of pharmacy within New York State to obtain a list of e-mail
addresses of alumni. This list will be used for a recruitment e-mail to be
sent inviting participants to complete a 15-question anonymous electronic
survey. The survey will be checked for clarity by a focus group of
out-of-state pharmacists and will be adjusted based on input. SurveyMonkey
will be used to distribute, collect, and analyze survey responses.
Participants will use a Likerttype scale to answer the questions where 1 is
“strongly disagree” and 7 is “strongly agree.” Questions to be answered in
the survey are based on knowledge of the changes being made in the
prescription drug monitoring program, the changes that will occur in their
practice, and the overall effectiveness of the changes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
controlled substance
hydrocodone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
human
pharmacist
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alumnus
drug monitoring
e-mail
information processing
pharmacy
register
school
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 297
TITLE
Relationships among neurocognitive status, medication adherence measured by
pharmacy refill records, and virologic suppression in HIV-infected persons
AUTHOR NAMES
Andrade A.S.A.
Deutsch R.
Celano S.A.
Duarte N.A.
Marcotte T.D.
Umlauf A.
Atkinson J.H.
McCutchan J.A.
Franklin D.
Alexander T.J.
Mcarthur J.C.
Marra C.
Grant I.
Collier A.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Andrade A.S.A.; Celano S.A.) Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious
Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Deutsch R.; Duarte N.A.; Marcotte T.D.; Umlauf A.; Atkinson J.H.; McCutchan
J.A.; Franklin D.; Alexander T.J.; Grant I.) HIV Neurobehavioral Research
Program, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
(Atkinson J.H.) VA San Diego, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, San
Diego, CA, United States.
(Mcarthur J.C.) Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Marra C.; Collier A.C.) Harborview Medical Center, School of Medicine,
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.S.A. Andrade, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases,
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (2013) 62:3 (282-292). Date
of Publication: 1 Mar 2013
ISSN
1525-4135
1077-9450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street,P O Box 327,
Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectiveness depends on
medication adherence, which is a complex behavior with many contributing
factors, including neurocognitive function. Pharmacy refill records offer a
promising and practical tool to assess adherence. Methods: A substudy of the
CHARTER (CNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects Research) study was
conducted at the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) and the University of
Washington. Pharmacy refill records were the primary method to measure ART
adherence, indexed to a "sentinel" drug with the highest central nervous
system penetration- effectiveness score. Standardized neuromedical,
neuropsychological, psychiatric, and substance use assessments were
performed at enrollment and at 6 months. Regression models were used to
determine factors associated with adherence and relationships between
adherence and changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA
concentrations between visits. Results: Among 80 (33 at JHU and 47 at
University of Washington) participants, the mean adherence score was 86.4%,
with no difference between sites. In the final multivariable model, better
neurocognitive function was associated with better adherence, especially
among participants who were at JHU, male, and HIV infected for a longer
period of time. Worse performance in working memory tests was associated
with worse adherence. Better adherence predicted greater decreases in
cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA between visits. Conclusions: Poorer global
neurocognitive functioning and deficits in working memory were associated
with lower adherence defined by a pharmacy refill record measure, suggesting
that assessments of cognitive function, and working memory in particular,
may identify patients at risk for poor ART adherence who would benefit from
adherence support. Copyright © 2012 by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anti human immunodeficiency virus agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
virus RNA
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiviral therapy
cognition
Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient
virus inhibition
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age
article
blood level
cerebrospinal fluid
comorbidity
disease duration
educational status
ethnic difference
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical record
mental disease
observational study
patient compliance
pharmacy refill record
priority journal
prospective study
scoring system
self report
sex difference
statistical model
substance abuse
treatment duration
virus load
working memory
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013249480
MEDLINE PMID
23202813 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23202813)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e31827ed678
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 298
TITLE
Impact of student-run medication reconciliation service on the
identification of drug-related problems
AUTHOR NAMES
Snodgrass J.
Schontz M.
Stewart A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Snodgrass J., joshua.snodgrass15@gmail.com; Schontz M.; Stewart A.)
Duquesne University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Snodgrass, Duquesne University, United States. Email:
joshua.snodgrass15@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e55). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study seeks to: (1) describe a model of care in which
student pharmacists are engaged in medication reconciliation services; and
(2) document the impact of this model on the identification of drug
therapy-related problems. Methods: This is an observational, retrospective
study of clinical interventions documented by fourth-year students involved
in advanced pharmacy practice experiences throughout the course of a 5-week
required ambulatory care rotation. The rotation site is a health care center
providing free care to uninsured low-income adults. Medication
reconciliation is an established pharmacy service at the site, primarily
conducted by student pharmacists. Students are required to document their
interventions as part of the learning objectives and educational methods
used in the rotation. Data were collected from an electronic spreadsheet of
student interventions from May 2011 to May 2012. Students identified the
type of intervention using the following categories: Compliance, Appropriate
Indication, Untreated Indication, Safety, Efficacy, Monitoring, Referral,
Education, Drug Information, or Other. Documentation also included the type
of recommendation and the outcome (accepted, rejected, or other). Data
analysis will include the use of descriptive statistics to report on the
types and frequencies of clinical interventions documented.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
medication therapy management
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
ambulatory care
data analysis
documentation
drug information
drug therapy
education
electronic spreadsheet
health care
hospital department
learning
lowest income group
medically uninsured
model
monitoring
pharmacist
pharmacy
retrospective study
safety
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 299
TITLE
Implementation of medication therapy management recommendations made by
third-year student pharmacists during community introductory pharmacy
practice experiences post interprofessional team home visits for older
adults
AUTHOR NAMES
Olson L.
Jacobs S.
Adams D.
Bugdalski-Stutrud C.
Mendez J.
Bowers C.
Smith G.
O'Connell M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Olson L., ci8846@wayne.edu; Jacobs S.; Adams D.; Bugdalski-Stutrud C.;
Mendez J.; Bowers C.; Smith G.; O'Connell M.) Wayne State University, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Olson, Wayne State University, United States. Email: ci8846@wayne.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e56). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to quantify implementation of
medication therapy management recommendations made by third-year student
pharmacists (P3s) for older adults. Methods: P3s conducted medication
history reviews for older adults during interprofessional team visits; in
addition to the P3, the team included a secondyear medical student and a
social work student. Visits were conducted in the patients' homes or other
location specified by patients. During the initial visits with patients, P3s
identified drug-related problems (DRP). The DRP recommendations, medication
calendar, and medication recommendation letter were finalized with a
pharmacy preceptor. During a second solo visit, P3s explained the materials
to the older adult. Later, student investigators contacted the older adult
participants to schedule interviews. Student investigators captured
implementation data for each DRP recommendation. Each DRP was assigned a
pharmaceutical care category, product type, and therapeutic class (based on
American Hospital Formulary Service categories). Each older adult received a
$10 gift card for participating. Nonparametric statistics were used to
summarize data. The institutional review board approved this research.
Results: The 35 older adult participants were 65 to 94 years of age. Many of
the older adults (57%) discussed the DRP recommendations with their
physician. The older adults implemented 60% of the 365 recommendations (9 ±
6.4 average number of recommendations per participant [range 2-38]).
Recommendation implementation rates by DRP pharmaceutical care category were
85% of medication adherence issues (49/58), 80% of lifestyle management
(48/60), 67% of patient education (12/18), 58% of monitoring (42/72), 52% of
cost-lowering strategies (11/21), 46% of benefit/adverse drug reactions
(41/90), and 33% of immunizations (15/45). The highest rate of DRP
implementation by medication type was with nutritional supplements (74%,
17/23), followed by prescription drugs (62%, 80/130), and over-the-counter
drugs (55%, 12/22). Implementation of nondrug recommendations was 66%
(93/141). Conclusion: Student pharmacists contributed to the health of older
adults by identifying and recommending solutions to DRPs. The older adults
found value in the recommendations as shown by a relatively high
implementation rate (60%).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
community
human
medication therapy management
pharmacist
pharmacy
professional practice
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
health
immunization
institutional review
interview
lifestyle
medical student
medication compliance
monitoring
nonparametric test
patient
patient education
pharmaceutical care
physician
publication
social work student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 300
TITLE
Older adult satisfaction with third-year student pharmacists during a
community introductory pharmacy practice experience at an interprofessional
older adult home visit
AUTHOR NAMES
Olson L.
Adams D.
Jacobs S.
O'Connell M.
Mendez J.
Bowers C.
Smith G.
Bugdalski-Stutrud C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Olson L., ci8846@wayne.edu; Adams D.; Jacobs S.; O'Connell M.; Mendez J.;
Bowers C.; Smith G.; Bugdalski-Stutrud C.) Wayne State University, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Olson, Wayne State University, United States. Email: ci8846@wayne.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e57). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this investigation is to determine older adult
satisfaction with the medication therapy management (MTM) assignment of the
Interprofessional Older Adult Home Visit, which is a component of the
third-year (P3) community introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPE).
Methods: P3 student pharmacists performed MTM reviews with older adults over
two visits. During visit 1, P3s obtained a comprehensive medication history
from the older adult. P3s identified and resolved drug-related problems
(DRP), created medication calendars, and finalized the recommendation
patient letter with a pharmacy preceptor; on visit 2, P3s explained the
materials to the older adult. A satisfaction survey was created after
reviewing other pharmacy service satisfaction surveys. The survey covered P3
professionalism, recommendation quality, reasons older adults could not
implement the recommendations, and demographics. Student researchers gave
the older adults the survey during an interview to find out the older
adults' acceptance level of the students' recommendations. Institutional
review board approval was granted. Descriptive statistics were used to
summarize data. Results: Response rate was 56% (35/62). The older adults
were 76.7 ± 6.5 years old (range 68-94 years) with 70% women, 63% white, and
31% black. All older adults thought the student pharmacists were
professional, competent, and showed genuine interest in their health and
were satisfied with the MTM review. The older adults felt the MTM review
improved health (91%), quality of life (80%), and medication knowledge
(97%); and decreased medication costs (53%). All of the recommendations were
implemented by 37% of the older adults. The main reasons for not
implementing recommendations were no physician visit pending (18%) and
physician did not agree for reasons unknown (18%). Seventy-seven percent of
the older adults reported that they would like a student pharmacist on their
health care team. Conclusion: Older adults found value and health benefits
from student pharmacists' MTM recommendations.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
community
human
pharmacist
pharmacy
professional practice
satisfaction
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
female
health
health care
hospital department
institutional review
interview
medication therapy management
patient
physician
professionalism
quality of life
scientist
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 301
TITLE
Pharmacist's role in improving medication safety for patients in an
allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant ambulatory clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Ho L.
Akada K.
Messner H.
Kuruvilla J.
Wright J.
Seki J.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ho L., lina.ho@uhn.ca; Akada K.; Seki J.T.) Department of Pharmacy,
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON,
Canada.
(Messner H.; Kuruvilla J.) Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology,
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON,
Canada.
(Wright J.) Inpatient Rehabilitation Program, Hotel Dieu Shaver Health and
Rehabilitation Centre, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
(Seki J.T.) Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto,
ON, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Ho, Department of Pharmacy, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University
Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. Email: lina.ho@uhn.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2013) 66:2 (110-117). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
ISSN
0008-4123
1920-2903 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 30 Concourse Gate, Unit 3, Ottawa,
Canada.
ABSTRACT
Background: Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell
transplantation (allo-HCT), supported by complex drug regimens, are
vulnerable to drug therapy problems (DTPs) at interfaces of care after
discharge from hospital and may benefit from timely pharmacy interventions
and education. Objective: To determine the effect on medication safety of,
as well as potential barriers to, incorporating a pharmacist in the
multidisciplinary team of an allo-HCT clinic. Methods: Two pharmacists
rotated to attend the allo-HCT clinic of a tertiary care,
university-affiliated cancer centre between January and June 2010 (coverage
for 1 of 3 clinic days per week). For every patient who was seen by a
pharmacist, all discharge medications were reconciled from the inpatient
ward to the clinic. The pharmacists' primary task was to perform medication
reconciliation and to identify and resolve DTPs. The pharmacists also
provided medication education to patients and pharmacy consultations to
clinic staff. Working with the outpatient pharmacy, the pharmacists helped
to clarify prescriptions and drug coverage issues. Medication discrepancies
identified and interventions performed by the pharmacists were recorded and
were later graded for clinical significance by a panel of clinicians.
Patient and staff satisfaction surveys were conducted at random during the
study period. Barriers to the flow of patient care and other operational
issues were documented. Results: The 2 pharmacists saw a total of 35
patients over 100 visits. They identified a total of 50 medication
discrepancies involving 17 (49%) of the patients and 70 DTPs involving 23
(66%) of the patients. Thirty-one of the 70 DTPs resulted directly from a
medication discrepancy. Twenty (95%) of the 21 unintentional medication
discrepancies and 7 (70%) of the 10 undocumented intentional medication
discrepancies were graded as clinically significant or moderately
significant. Satisfaction surveys completed by patients and clinic staff
yielded positive responses supporting pharmacists' participation.
Conclusions: Pharmacists working as part of the multidisciplinary team
identified and resolved medication discrepancies, thereby improving
medication safety at the allo-HCT clinic.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aciclovir
bisphosphonic acid derivative
cyclosporin
ganciclovir
lorazepam
phenytoin
posaconazole
vancomycin (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
patient safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical article
consultation
drug safety
drug treatment failure
drug withdrawal
hospital discharge
human
medication error
nephrotoxicity (side effect)
outpatient department
patient compliance
patient education
patient satisfaction
pharmacist
prescription
professional practice
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aciclovir (59277-89-3)
cyclosporin (79217-60-0)
ganciclovir (82410-32-0)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
posaconazole (171228-49-2)
vancomycin (1404-90-6, 1404-93-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Hematology (25)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013763261
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 302
TITLE
Implementation of a community pharmacy comprehensive medication review
program in the workplace setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Brittain K.
Meadowcraft L.
Melody K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brittain K., brittain@musc.edu; Meadowcraft L.) South Carolina College of
Pharmacy, United States.
(Melody K.) University of the Sciences, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Brittain, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, United States. Email:
brittain@musc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e64). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objectives of this study are to: (1) demonstrate the impact
of a community pharmacist-run comprehensive medication review (CMR) program
in the workplace setting; and (2) identify the type of interventions
commonly made in a CMR program in the workplace setting. Methods: The CMR
program used the framework for medication therapy management services
developed by the American Pharmacists Association and the National
Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Patients (employees, spouses,
and dependents) aged 18 years and older, taking one or more prescription
and/or nonprescription medications, were eligible to have a pharmacist
and/or community pharmacy resident conduct a CMR. During the CMR,
medications were reconciled, reviewed, and evaluated to identify and address
drug therapy problems including underutilization, overutilization, adverse
drug reactions, drug-drug or drug-disease interactions, inappropriate
therapy, duplicate therapy, insufficient dose or duration, excessive dose or
duration, needs additional therapy, and cost-saving opportunities. Results:
A total of 37 patients (73% male; 65% African American, 27% white; average
age 52 years) participated in a CMR. The participants had an average of
three disease states and took an average of seven medications. The
pharmacists recorded 169 interventions, which averaged 4.5 per patient, with
the most common type of intervention being needs additional therapy (24%)
followed by cost savings (21%). Conclusion: The pharmacist team made many
recommendations to enhance the patients' drug therapy. Although, 21% of the
interventions were related to cost savings, suggesting that medication costs
may decrease, the pharmacists also identified 40 interventions indicating
need for additional therapy. Therefore, the effect of the CMR on cost
savings cannot easily be concluded. While the pharmacists were able to make
interventions, additional data were not collected including health-related
cost information from employers. These data would be helpful to further
identify how interventions and therefore the CMR program could impact their
financial situation. Additionally, the small sample size makes data analysis
difficult.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
pharmacy
workplace
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
African American
cost control
data analysis
drug induced disease
employee
employer
health
human
male
medication therapy management
non profit organization
patient
pharmacist
prescription
sample size
spouse
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 303
TITLE
Telephonic follow-up to assess adherence in patients prescribed new
maintenance medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Krinsky D.
Hendrickson R.
McCorkindale N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Krinsky D., dkrinsky@neomed.edu; Hendrickson R.; McCorkindale N.) NEOMED,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Krinsky, NEOMED, United States. Email: dkrinsky@neomed.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2013) 53:2 (e15). Date of
Publication: March-April 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Los Angeles, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-01 to 2013-03-04
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objectives of this study are to: (1) evaluate follow-up phone
call data to assess medication adherence for fiscal year (FY) 2012 and
determine patient response to therapy; (2) assess medication adherence for
at least 6 months prior to the call and at least 6 months after the call,
based on refill dates, for chronic medications; and (3) compare adherence
data in patients contacted versus those not contact to determine whether the
phone call from the student pharmacist had an impact. Methods: Each day, the
pharmacy system generates a printout that lists all patients who received a
prescription for a new chronic medication 25 days ago. This printout lists
the patient name, telephone number, medication, directions, prescriber, and
days supply along with other prescribed medications filled within the last 6
months. Before the call is made, potential or real drug-therapy problems are
identified and the list is prioritized. Using this information, NEOMED
student pharmacists and Giant Eagle pharmacists make at least three attempts
to talk with the patient to determine if the medication is truly new (or
possibly a dosage change), response, evaluate for possible adverse effects,
reinforce the importance of adherence, and answer all questions. For those
patients in whom response cannot be determined, a note is made to conduct a
second follow-up call. The patient is contacted, issues are discussed, and
action steps are noted.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
follow up
human
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
eagle
medication compliance
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
student
telephone
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2013.13508
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 304
TITLE
Health risk screening practices by providers and associated factors among
university students in hong kong
AUTHOR NAMES
Abraham A.
Lau C.-H.
Wong L.
Kim J.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Abraham A.; Lau C.-H.; Kim J.H.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong.
(Wong L.) Private Practice, Hong Kong.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Abraham, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
SOURCE
Journal of Adolescent Health (2013) 52:2 SUPPL. 1 (S46). Date of
Publication: February 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
2013 Annual Meeting of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, SAHM
2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Atlanta, GA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-03-13 to 2013-03-16
ISSN
1054-139X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The prevalence of health issues such as depression, eating
disorders and internet addiction has increased significantly among teens in
Hong Kong. Despite the importance of targeted health risk behaviour
screening and counselling for adolescents on issues such as mental health,
body image, drug and alcohol use and sexual activity, there is very limited
information regarding actual screening practices by health providers in Hong
Kong. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of specific
screening and counselling practices by providers as well as the associated
barriers to screening during health visits among university students in Hong
Kong. Methods: In 2011, a cross sectional study was conducted among 469
randomly selected incoming medical, nursing, public health and pharmacy
students to a public university in Hong Kong using a self-administered
questionnaire. Questionnaires were collected while students attended a
required health check-up in the university health service. Descriptive
statistics were generated by SPSS 16.0. Results: The mean age of students
was 19 years and 66% were female. The majority of students received care in
the private system (64%) and saw a traditional Western practitioner (75.9%).
Only 1/2 (49.5%) reported that the visit was conducted in a confidential
manner. The main reasons for visits were for acute visits (44.8%), followed
by routine health checks (14.7%) Students reported having problems in the
last five years with school issues (18.6%), depression (17.1%), body image
(16.8%), and internet overuse (11.3%). However, providers only infrequently
asked about school issues (3.2%) depression (4.3%), body image (.9%), and
internet overuse (2.8%) during encounters. In addition, providers rarely
asked about sexual activity (.6%), condom use (.4%) and drug/ alcohol use
(1.3%). Only 2.1% of providers used a written or electronic screening
questionnaire to ask about health behaviours. The majority of students cited
that they were comfortable and honest in discussing personal information
related to dietary habits (80.6%), sleep (77.8%), and depression and stress
(59.7%) but less so for drug use (39.9%), sexual activity (34.1%) and sexual
identity (35.8%). Some participants responded (40.9%) that they would feel
shocked if their provider asked about personal behaviours such as drug use
or sexual activity when the student visited for a routine URI and nearly 1/2
(53.7%) did not consider it part of the physician's job to ask about such
issues. Main barriers reported by students to disclosing personal
information included feeling ashamed (71%) and fear of disclosure to parents
(19%). Conclusions: Depression, body image concerns, and internet addiction
are important health problems among adolescents in Hong Kong. However,
students in this study were infrequently screened or counselled about these
issues during visits. Health providers are missing important opportunities
to provide preventive care. The use of a standardized written or electronic
screening questionnaire could be a useful adjunct to current care. In
addition, a more comprehensive approach which is confidential and culturally
appropriate should be adopted to improve the health of adolescents and young
adults in Hong Kong.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adolescent health
health hazard
Hong Kong
human
screening
society
university student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
alcohol consumption
body image
condom
counseling
cross-sectional study
drug use
eating disorder
fear
female
gender identity
habit
health
health behavior
health service
Internet
internet addiction
mental health
nursing
parent
pharmacy student
physician
prevalence
public health
questionnaire
school
sexual behavior
sleep
statistics
student
university
work
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.10.109
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 305
TITLE
Survey on the attitudes of pharmacy students in Japan toward doping and
supplement intake
AUTHOR NAMES
Saito Y.
Kasashi K.
Yoshiyama Y.
Fukushima N.
Kawagishi T.
Yamada T.
Iseki K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Saito Y.; Kasashi K.; Kawagishi T.; Yamada T.; Iseki K.,
ken-i@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp) Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University
Hospital, Kita 14-jo, Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
(Yoshiyama Y.) Division of Community Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy
and Clinical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku,
Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
(Fukushima N.) Division of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512,
Japan.
(Iseki K., ken-i@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp) Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics
and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University,
Kita 12-jo, Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Iseki, Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14-jo,
Nishi 5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan. Email:
ken-i@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp
SOURCE
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2013) 36:2 (305-310). Date of
Publication: February 2013
ISSN
0918-6158
1347-5215 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2-12-15-201, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
ABSTRACT
Doping is one of the most serious problems for athletes, and it is important
that pharmacists have more interaction with athletes to ensure safer drug
usage. Education is one of the most important roles of sports pharmacists,
who are specialists regarding drug usage for athletes. We investigated
pharmacy students' interests and comprehension regarding drug usage, doping
and supplement intake by using the form of a questionnaire, since it is
important to know how they understand these subjects as part of their
greater educational program. The subjects were sophomore and junior pharmacy
students at three universities. It was revealed that most of the students
have negative images regarding doping violation, and they answered that they
are familiar with doping. However, only sixteen percent of the students had
attended lectures by specialists on doping. In addition, one third of
pharmacy students did not know that some over-the-counter (OTC) drugs might
contain doping substances. With regard to supplement intake, approximately
two thirds of the respondents had an interest in and positive image of
supplement intake. However, it was revealed that only one third of them
recognized supplements as food, and their information regarding supplements
was obtained from uncertain media. It was suggested that it is important for
pharmacy students to have more opportunities to learn about what doping is.
More education and enlightenment by sports pharmacists would be effective
for pharmacy students as well as athletes, and it would help us to broaden
the scope of what we can do for athletes and society. © 2013 The
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doping
student attitude
supplementation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
awareness
drug use
female
human
Japan
male
medical education
pharmacy student
questionnaire
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013117915
MEDLINE PMID
23370359 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23370359)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b12-00315
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 306
TITLE
Health promotion and public engagement: An alternative to the traditional
final year project
AUTHOR NAMES
Hall J.
Hughes J.
Parmar H.
Rhodes M.
Crabtree V.
Smith I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hall J.; Hughes J., jenny.k.hughes@manchester.ac.uk; Parmar H.; Rhodes M.;
Crabtree V.; Smith I.) University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Hughes, University of Manchester, United Kingdom. Email:
jenny.k.hughes@manchester.ac.uk
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2013) 13:1 (108-109). Date of Publication: 2013
CONFERENCE NAME
Monash Pharmacy Education Symposium 2013
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prato, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2013-07-08 to 2013-07-10
ISSN
1560-2214
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Pharmaceutical Federation
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pharmacy undergraduate students must demonstrate a systematic
and critical awareness of current knowledge and bring originality to their
application of this knowledge.(GPhC, 2011) In the past, this has been
achieved by students completing traditional research projects but the task
of finding meaningful individual project titles and supervising these is
becoming more challenging with increasing student numbers. This abstract
describes work in progress as we attempt to achieve the above learning
outcomes supervising student-led health promotion initiatives. Methods:
Eight groups of final year pharmacy students selected their own area of
health promotion. Students individually conducted a literature review on
their chosen area. Systematic and critical awareness was assessed. Each
group of students planned and carried out two separate health promotion
events and the originality in application was assessed via a self-reflection
diary they completed during the events. The student reports will be graded
using the standard project grading form. Results: The topics selected by the
students were: smoking cessation, asthma, substance abuse, cardiovascular
disease, HIV infection, alcohol, and cancer awareness. The health promotion
events included displays in train stations, shopping centres, and the
students' union. Compared with previous projects, the staff supervising
these projects found the students engaged more fully with the activities and
they demonstrated high levels of originality in their execution of the
health promotion events. Conclusion: Upon completion, the work will be
evaluated by ascertaining staff and students' views on their experience and
investigating student achievement of the learning objectives.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health promotion
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
asthma
cardiovascular disease
human
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
learning
neoplasm
pharmacy
pharmacy student
shopping
smoking cessation
student
substance abuse
undergraduate student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 307
TITLE
Opinions and experiences of Indiana pharmacists and student pharmacists: The
need for addiction and substance abuse education in the United States
AUTHOR NAMES
Wenthur C.J.
Cross B.S.
Vernon V.P.
Shelly J.L.
Harth B.N.
Lienhoop A.D.
Madison N.R.
Murawski M.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wenthur C.J.) Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of
Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.
(Cross B.S.) Saint Mary's Health Care, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.
(Vernon V.P.) Richard L. Roudebush VAMC, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
(Shelly J.L.) Division of Pharmacy Practice and Experiential Education,
University of North Carolina, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC,
United States.
(Harth B.N.) Werner Drug Store, Tell City, IN, United States.
(Lienhoop A.D.) Kroger Pharmacy, Columbus, IN, United States.
(Madison N.R.) Affiliate Faculty, Purdue University, College of
Pharmacy/Kroger Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
(Murawski M.M., murawski@purdue.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue
University, College of Pharmacy, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN
47907, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.M. Murawski, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University, College
of Pharmacy, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United
States. Email: murawski@purdue.edu
SOURCE
Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy (2013) 9:1 (90-100). Date of
Publication: January 2013
ISSN
1551-7411
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Substance abuse and addiction are growing public health
problems. Pharmacists are potentially in a position to be of great
assistance in ameliorating these threats yet might not be receiving the
education and training to do so effectively. Objective: To assess the
relative perceived importance of substance abuse topics in pharmacy
education among student pharmacists and pharmacy practitioners in the state
of Indiana. Methods: Questionnaires were administered in class to students
at Purdue University College of Pharmacy and via direct mail to the home
addresses of randomly selected licensed Indiana pharmacists in 2009 to
elicit information on the relevance and interest for particular topics
within addiction education, prior education received regarding addiction,
and the frequency of professional interactions that involved addiction.
Results: Three hundred fifty students (74%) and 625 pharmacists (26%)
responded to the survey. The average interest across all surveyed topics was
3.18/4.00 for students and 3.47/4.00 for practitioners. Areas rated highly
by both groups included withdrawal, pain management, and recognition of
signs and symptoms of addiction in patients. Qualitative responses from
practitioners suggest strong interest in further education in this area and
a perceived need for increased educational exposure during the student
pharmacist experience. The average pharmacist respondent spent 6.94% of the
time dealing with people who were addicted, and 22.2% had independent
addiction education. Conclusions: Pharmacists and pharmacy student
respondents overwhelmingly felt that educational preparation in this area is
important. A significant portion of time in practice is spent managing
addiction-related issues, and further educational opportunities are being
pursued beyond graduation to fulfill the educational needs of the
practitioner respondents. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
education
pharmacist
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
curriculum
health personnel attitude
human
organization and management
professional standard
psychological aspect
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
22695219 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22695219)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.03.003
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 308
TITLE
Interdisciplinary education in the addictions: a commentary on the current
status
AUTHOR NAMES
Murphy S.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Murphy S.A.) University of Washington, Seattle
SOURCE
Journal of addictions nursing (2013) 24:1 (4-7). Date of Publication: 2013
Jan-Mar
ISSN
1548-7148 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Educating doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, and social workers in a
shared, patient-centered curriculum, let alone in the same classrooms and
clinics, would appear impractical at best and as an insurmountable task at
worst. Nonetheless, this novel idea is being implemented. This article
traces the concept's development. The proceedings of three national
conferences held in 2010 and 2011 are briefly summarized. Several model
programs are described. Interdisciplinary education in the addictions is in
the early phases. Alternative and complementary forms of health care show
less progress in interprofessional education. Two concerns are noted. These
pertain to the timing of implementation and budget considerations.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
interdisciplinary education
procedures
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (therapy)
human
patient care
public relations
vocational education
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
24622524 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24622524)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0b013e31828767b7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 309
TITLE
Effects of academic service learning in drug misuse and addiction on
students' learning preferences and attitudes toward harm reduction.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kabli N.
Liu B.
Seifert T.
Arnot M.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kabli N.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto,
Ontario, Canada.
(Liu B.; Seifert T.; Arnot M.I.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Kabli,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2013) 77:3. Date of
Publication: 12 Apr 2013
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE. To examine academic service-learning pedagogy on student learning
and perceptions of drug misuse and addiction. DESIGN. Third- and fourth-year
pharmacology students were exposed to an academic service-learning pedagogy
that integrated a community service experience with lectures, in-class
discussions and debates, group projects, a final paper, and an examination.
Reflective writing assignments throughout the course required students to
assimilate and apply what they had learned in the classroom to what they
learned in their community placement. ASSESSMENT. Changes in students'
responses on pre- and post-course survey instruments reflected shifts toward
higher-order thinking. Also, subjective student-learning modalities shifted
toward learning by writing. Students' perspectives and attitudes allowed
improved context of issues associated with drug misuse and harm reduction
models. CONCLUSION. Academic service-learning pedagogy contributes to
developing adaptable, well-rounded, engaged learners who become more
compassionate and pragmatic in addressing scientific and social questions
relating to drug addiction.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (therapy)
harm reduction
health personnel attitude
learning
pharmacy student
social welfare
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
decision making
drug dependence
human
information processing
methodology
pharmacology
psychological aspect
Service-learning
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23610481 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23610481)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 310
TITLE
Professional development: Students' perceptions of an immersion elective in
substance abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Richard M.D.
Brahm N.C.
Davis T.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Richard M.D.) University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK,
United States.
(Brahm N.C., nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu; Davis T.S.) University of Oklahoma,
College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice: Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States.
(Richard M.D.) Veterans Administration Hospital, Salem, VA, United States.
(Richard M.D.) Clinical Pharmacist, Lufkin State Supported Living Center,
6844U.S.69, Pollok, TX, United States.
(Davis T.S.) Business Teacher Education, Illinois State University,
Department of Marketing, Normal, IL, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.C. Brahm, University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacy Practice: Clinical and Administrative Sciences, 4502 E, 41st
Street, Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. Email: nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2013) 5:1 (54-61). Date of
Publication: January 2013
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Persons facing substance abuse and addiction are ubiquitous in
all areas of pharmacy practice. Some colleges of pharmacy (COP) do not
report didactic coursework in substance abuse. An off-site elective was
developed to offer students an experience in immersion learning on this
topic. The elective objectives were (1) to facilitate professional pharmacy
student development by challenging student perceptions of people regarding
addiction and substance abuse concerns and (2) to elicit input on the course
structure and activities to improve entry-level pharmacist preparation.
Participation in the second goal was optional. Methods: Eleven pharmacy
students participated. Surveys and on-site student reports were evaluated
for common themes of student learning and substance abuse knowledge. This
project maintained participant anonymity and was approved by the
University's institutional review board. Results: The most common
self-reported experience was recognizing addiction as a disease. Secondly,
students reported increased knowledge in the following areas: healthcare
provider risk, disease prevention, and treatment options for impaired
healthcare professionals. Students included personal reflections on the
entire experience, assigned personal goals for service delivery, considered
this education essential for adequate pharmacist preparation, self-reported
changes in knowledge and understanding of substance abuse and addiction
following completion of the elective, reported the experience would
influence their practice as pharmacists, and opined more students should
have access to this educational experience. Conclusion: Pilot study data
supported substance abuse education inclusion in core curricula. COPs are
encouraged to use published curriculum guidelines as a road map for
development. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
immersion
learning
professional development
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical article
clinical practice
college student
course content
female
health survey
human
knowledge
male
perception
personal experience
pharmacist
priority journal
social participation
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013040283
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2012.09.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 311
TITLE
A virtual patient software program to improve pharmacy student learning in a
comprehensive disease management course.
AUTHOR NAMES
Douglass M.A.
Casale J.P.
Skirvin J.A.
DiVall M.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Douglass M.A.) Northeastern University School of Pharmacy, Boston,
Massachusetts.
(Casale J.P.; Skirvin J.A.; DiVall M.V.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.A. Douglass,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2013) 77:8 (172). Date of
Publication: 14 Oct 2013
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To implement and assess the impact of a virtual patient pilot program on
pharmacy students' clinical competence skills. Pharmacy students completed
interactive software-based patient case scenarios embedded with drug-therapy
problems as part of a course requirement at the end of their third year.
Assessments included drug-therapy problem competency achievement,
performance on a pretest and posttest, and pilot evaluation survey
instrument. Significant improvements in students' posttest scores
demonstrated advancement of clinical skills involving drug-therapy problem
solving. Students agreed that completing the pilot program improved their
chronic disease management skills and the program summarized the course
series well. Using virtual patient technology allowed for assessment of
student competencies and improved learning outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
computer program
disease management
education
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical competence
clinical skills
human
learning
learning outcomes
simulation
virtual patient
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
24159213 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24159213)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 312
TITLE
Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: Perceived treatment barriers and
action strategies among veterans health administration service providers
AUTHOR NAMES
Harris A.H.S.
Ellerbe L.
Rachelle N.
Bowe T.
Gordon A.J.
Hagedorn H.
Oliva E.
Lembke A.
Kivlahan D.
Trafton J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Harris A.H.S., Alexander.Harris2@va.gov; Ellerbe L.; Rachelle N.; Bowe T.;
Oliva E.; Trafton J.A.) Center for Health Care Evaluation, Veterans Affairs
Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University School of Medicine, Menlo
Park, CA, United States.
(Gordon A.J.) VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical
Center, VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health
Care System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Hagedorn H.) Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Veterans Affairs
Minneapolis Health Care System, VA Minneapolis Health Care System,
Minneapolis, MN, United States.
(Lembke A.) Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, United States.
(Kivlahan D.) Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and
Education, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of
Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.H.S. Harris, Email: Alexander.Harris2@va.gov
SOURCE
Psychological Services (2013) 10:4 (410-419). Date of Publication: November
2013
ISSN
1541-1559
ABSTRACT
Although access to and consideration of pharmacological treatments for
alcohol dependence are consensusstandards of care, receipt of these
medications by patients is generally rare and highly variable across
treatment settings. The goal of the present project was to survey and
interview the clinicians,managers, and pharmacists affiliated with addiction
treatment programs within Veterans Health Administration(VHA) facilities to
learn about their perceptions of barriers and facilitators regarding greater
andmore reliable consideration of pharmacological treatments for alcohol
dependence. Fifty-nine participantsfrom 19 high-adopting and 11 low-adopting
facilities completed the survey (facility-level responserate % 50%) and 23
participated in a structured interview. The top 4 barriers to increased
considerationand use of pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence were
consistent across high- and low-adoptingfacilities and included perceived
low patient demand, pharmacy procedures or formulary restrictions,lack of
provider skills or knowledge regarding pharmacotherapy for alcohol
dependence, and lack ofconfidence in treatment effectiveness. Low patient
demand was rated as the most important barrier fororal naltrexone and
disulfiram, whereas pharmacy or formulary restrictions were rated as the
mostimportant barrier for acamprosate and extended-release naltrexone. The 4
strategies rated across low- andhigh-adopting facilities as most likely to
facilitate consideration and use of pharmacotherapy for alcoholdependence
were more education to patients about existing medications, more education
to health careproviders about medications, increased involvement of
physicians in treatment for alcohol dependence,and more compelling research
on existing medications. This knowledge provides a foundation fordesigning,
deploying, and evaluating targeted implementation efforts. © 2013 American
Psychological Association.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate
disulfiram (drug therapy)
drug derivative
drugs used in the treatment of addiction (drug therapy)
naltrexone (drug therapy)
narcotic antagonist (drug therapy)
taurine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy)
clinical practice
drug utilization
health care delivery
health personnel attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
attitude to health
female
government
health care survey
human
male
middle aged
patient preference
practice guideline
publication
qualitative research
statistics
United States
veterans health
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
taurine (107-35-7)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
23356858 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23356858)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0030949
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 313
TITLE
Does recovery-oriented treatment prompt heroin users prematurely into
detoxification and abstinence programmes? Qualitative study
AUTHOR NAMES
Neale J.
Nettleton S.
Pickering L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Neale J., jneale@brookes.ac.uk) Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford
Brookes University, Jack Straw's Lane, Marston, Oxford OX3 0FL, United
Kingdom.
(Nettleton S., sarah.nettleton@york.ac.uk) National Centre in HIV Social
Research, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of New South
Wales, Level 3 John Goodsell Building, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
(Pickering L., Lucy.Pickering@glasgow.ac.uk) Department of Sociology,
Wentworth College, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom.
(Neale J., jneale@brookes.ac.uk) School of Social and Political Sciences,
University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Building, Glasgow G12 8RT, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Neale, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University,
Jack Straw's Lane, Marston, Oxford OX3 0FL, United Kingdom. Email:
jneale@brookes.ac.uk
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2013) 127:1-3 (163-169). Date of Publication: 1
Jan 2013
ISSN
0376-8716
1879-0046 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
ABSTRACT
Aims: (i) To consider whether or not recovery-oriented treatment might be
prompting heroin users prematurely into detoxification and abstinence
programmes; (ii) to explore the findings with reference to Foucauldian
theory. Methods: Longitudinal qualitative data comprising 57 audio-recorded
interviews, which captured heroin users' views and experiences of treatment
duration. Participants included 30 heroin users (15 men; 15 women) starting
a new episode of treatment, of whom 27 (14 men; 13 women) were
re-interviewed after 3 months. Recruitment occurred in community drug
services, pharmacies and residential treatment settings in Southern England,
UK. Transcribed data were systematically coded and analysed inductively.
Findings: All participants wanted to be free from heroin and prescribed
substitute drugs. Individuals were often impatient with the detoxing process
and some reduced dosages of substitute medication faster than prescribers
recommended, occasioning cross addiction and relapse. Previously
unsuccessful rapid detoxifications induced slower recovery attempts.
Participation in residential rehabilitation facilitated client realisation
that recovery required time and effort. Conclusions: Recovery-oriented
treatment can prompt heroin users prematurely into detoxification and
abstinence programmes with negative consequences. The desire to detoxify
quickly can be interpreted through Foucault's concepts of 'self-governance'
and 'resistance;' heroin users' participation in decision-making processes
reflects notions of 'agency;' and clients' willingness to adopt longer
approaches to recovery following past negative detoxification experiences
and exposure to residential rehabilitation confirms their commitment to be
'well.' The experiential knowledge of heroin users who have personally
attempted recovery is a crucial resource for both those contemplating their
own recovery and those advocating recovery-oriented services. © 2012
Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine
buprenorphine
cocaine
diamorphine
methadone
methamphetamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug detoxification
drug withdrawal
health program
heroin dependence (rehabilitation, therapy)
recovery oriented treatment
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical article
decision making
drug dependence treatment
female
health service
human
knowledge
longitudinal study
male
opiate substitution treatment
outcome assessment
priority journal
qualitative research
relapse
treatment duration
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012729734
MEDLINE PMID
22809895 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22809895)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.030
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 314
TITLE
Mannequin-simulator as a new teaching and learning method in
performance-based pharmacotherapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Makmor-Bakry M.
Azmi N.
Ali A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Makmor-Bakry M., mohdcp@medic.ukm.my; Azmi N.; Ali A.M.) Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Makmor-Bakry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz,
50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Email: mohdcp@medic.ukm.my
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (2013) 47:3 (1-5).
Date of Publication: Jul-Sep
ISSN
0019-5464
ABSTRACT
Introduction:Active learning approach is deemed to be important for
performance-based education. Aims:Objectives of this study were to report
experience in employing a mannequin-based case assessment of pharmacotherapy
for pharmacy students and to seek students' opinion on the usefulness of
this approach. Methods: Students were exposed to a standardised heart
failure case using mannequin-simulator and were asked to evaluate the
medication prescribed and to manage any drug related problems. Performance
grade of the students was evaluated based on participation and a written
report. A cross-sectional survey was utilised to identify the students'
perception on the simulation experience. The survey consisted of six
statements related to the simulation and three statements related to the
clinical pharmacy and pharmacotherapy. Results:A total of 81 students
completed the survey. The median grade for the cohort was seven out of ten
marks. Before exposure to the session, 86.4% of the students agreed that
clinical pharmacy is interesting, only 29.6% of the students agreed that
pharmacotherapy is easy to learn and 60.5% of the cohort agreed they are
confident to provide clinical pharmacy services. After exposure to the
session, 82.7% of the students agreed that the session has enhanced their
interest in pharmacotherapy, 91% of the cohort agreed that this simulation
provided an opportunity to utilise their theoretical knowledge, 79% of the
students stated the experience has developed their skills to solve
pharmacotherapy related problems. Up to 76.5% of the cohort enjoyed the
simulation session. Conclusion:The students value mannequin-based
pharmacotherapy teaching and learning as effective and interesting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
learning
mannequin simulator
performance based education
simulator
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical competence
clinical pharmacy
controlled study
cross-sectional study
drug therapy
heart failure
human
interpersonal communication
knowledge
medical education
pharmacy student
simulation
theoretical sample
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014477002
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/ijper.47.3.1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 315
TITLE
Standard Operating Procedures in the Disorders of Orgasm and Ejaculation
AUTHOR NAMES
Mcmahon C.G.
Jannini E.
Waldinger M.
Rowland D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mcmahon C.G., cmcmahon@acsh.com.au) Australian Centre for Sexual Health,
Sydney, Australia.
(Jannini E.) University of L'Aquila, Endocrinology and Medical Sexology,
Experimental Medicine, L'Aquila, Italy.
(Waldinger M.) Leyenburg Hospital, Psychiatry and Neurosexology, The Hague,
Netherlands.
(Rowland D.) Valparaiso University, Psychology, Valparaiso, IN, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.G. Mcmahon, Australian Centre for Sexual Health, Berry Road Medical
Centre, Suite 2-4, 1a Berry Rd, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
Email: cmcmahon@acsh.com.au
SOURCE
Journal of Sexual Medicine (2013) 10:1 (204-229). Date of Publication:
January 2013
ISSN
1743-6095
1743-6109 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Ejaculatory/orgasmic disorders are common male sexual
dysfunctions and include premature ejaculation (PE), inhibited ejaculation,
anejaculation, retrograde ejaculation, and anorgasmia. Aim. To provide
recommendations and guidelines of the current state-of-the-art knowledge for
management of ejaculation/orgasmic disorders in men as standard operating
procedures (SOPs) for the treating health care professional. Methods. The
International Society of Sexual Medicine Standards Committee assembled over
30 multidisciplinary experts to establish SOPs for various male and female
sexual medicine topics. The SOP for the management of disorders of orgasm
and ejaculation represents the opinion of four experts from four countries
developed in a process over a 2-year period. Main Outcome Measure. Expert
opinion was based on grading of evidence-based medical literature, limited
expert opinion, widespread internal committee discussion, public
presentation, and debate. Results. PE management is largely dependent upon
etiology. Lifelong PE is best managed with PE pharmacotherapy (selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors and/or topical anesthetics). The management of
acquired PE is etiology specific and may include erectile dysfunction (ED)
pharmacotherapy in men with comorbid ED. All men seeking treatment for PE
should receive basic psychosexual education. Graded behavioral therapy is
indicated when psychogenic or relationship factors are present and is often
best combined with PE pharmacotherapy in an integrated treatment program.
Delayed ejaculation, anejaculation, and/or anorgasmia may have a biogenic
and/or psychogenic etiology. Men with age-related penile hypoanesthesia
should be educated, reassured, and instructed in revised sexual techniques
which maximize arousal. Retrograde ejaculation is managed by education,
patient reassurance, and pharmacotherapy. Conclusions. Additional research
is required to further the understanding of the disorders of ejaculation and
orgasm. © 2012 International Society for Sexual Medicine.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
alfuzosin (clinical trial, drug therapy)
alpha 1 adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
anesthetic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
citalopram (drug therapy)
clomipramine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
dapoxetine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug concentration, drug
interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMLA (drug therapy, topical drug administration)
fluoxetine (drug interaction, drug therapy)
ketoconazole (drug interaction)
lidocaine (drug therapy, topical drug administration)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
phosphodiesterase V inhibitor (drug combination, drug therapy)
placebo
prilocaine (drug therapy, topical drug administration)
serotonin 1A receptor (endogenous compound)
serotonin 1B receptor (endogenous compound)
serotonin 1D receptor (endogenous compound)
serotonin 2C receptor (endogenous compound)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
combination, drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
sildenafil (drug therapy)
tadalafil (drug therapy)
tempe
terazosin (clinical trial, drug therapy)
testosterone (endogenous compound)
thiazide diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction)
tramadol (clinical trial, drug therapy)
unclassified drug
unindexed drug
vardenafil (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ejaculation disorder (side effect, complication, diagnosis, etiology, side
effect, therapy)
orgasm disorder (complication, diagnosis, etiology, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agitation
akathisia (side effect)
anejaculation (complication, diagnosis, etiology, side effect, therapy)
anejaculation (side effect)
anorgasmia (complication, diagnosis, etiology, side effect, therapy)
anxiety
article
attitude to sexuality
behavior therapy
classification algorithm
clinical practice
comorbidity
conditioning
delayed ejaculation (side effect)
delayed ejaculation (complication, diagnosis, etiology, side effect,
therapy)
depersonalization (side effect)
depression (drug therapy)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
diagnostic imaging
diagnostic test
diarrhea (side effect)
diet supplementation
disease association
disease classification
dizziness (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug withdrawal
endocrine disease
erectile dysfunction (drug therapy, side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
headache (side effect)
health belief
human
hyperthyroidism
hypoactive sexual desire disorder (side effect)
hypomania (side effect)
iatrogenic disease
insomnia (side effect)
intravaginal ejaculation latency time
irritability
laboratory test
male
male genital system function
masturbation
medical history
medical society
mental concentration
nausea (side effect)
nerve surgery
neuropathy
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (side effect)
off label drug use
paresthesia (side effect)
pathophysiology
phase 2 clinical trial (topic)
phase 3 clinical trial (topic)
physical examination
practice guideline
premature ejaculation (diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy,
epidemiology, etiology, therapy)
prevalence
priapism (side effect)
priority journal
prostate disease
prostate hypertrophy (drug therapy)
psychodynamics
psychological aspect
psychotherapy
quality of life
questionnaire
randomized controlled trial (topic)
receptor down regulation
rhinopharyngitis (side effect)
self stimulation
serotonin uptake inhibitor withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
serotonin uptake inhibitor withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
sexual behavior
sexual counseling
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
sexual education
sexual satisfaction
side effect (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
suicidal ideation (side effect)
suicide (side effect)
suicide attempt (side effect)
sweating
tachyphylaxis
topical anesthesia
unspecified side effect (side effect)
upper gastrointestinal bleeding (side effect)
vivid dream (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
weight gain
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
yawning
DRUG TRADE NAMES
aspirin
tempe , United Kingdomplethora
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United Kingdom)plethora
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
EMLA (101362-25-8)
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
alfuzosin (81403-68-1, 81403-80-7)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1)
dapoxetine (119356-77-3, 129938-20-1)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
ketoconazole (65277-42-1)
lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
prilocaine (1786-81-8, 721-50-6)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
sildenafil (139755-83-2)
tadalafil (171596-29-5)
terazosin (63074-08-8, 63590-64-7)
testosterone (58-22-0)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
vardenafil (224785-90-4, 224785-91-5, 224789-15-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Urology and Nephrology (28)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013064701
MEDLINE PMID
22970767 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22970767)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02824.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 316
TITLE
Validity evidence for FASTHUG-MAIDENS, a mnemonic for identifying
drug-related problems in the intensive care unit
AUTHOR NAMES
Masson S.C.
Mabasa V.H.
Malyuk D.L.
Perrott J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Masson S.C., sarah.masson@fraserhealth.ca) Abbotsford Regional Hospital,
32900 Marshall Road, Abbotsford, Canada.
(Mabasa V.H.) Burnaby Hospital, Burnaby, Canada.
(Malyuk D.L.; Perrott J.L.) Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster,
Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.C. Masson, Abbotsford Regional Hospital, 32900 Marshall Road, Abbotsford,
Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2013) 66:3 (157-162). Date of
Publication: 2013
ISSN
1920-2903 (electronic)
0008-4123
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, khassan@ cshp.ca
ABSTRACT
Methods: This randomized, prospective validation study took place between
January and May 2011 in the ICUs of 4 hospitals: 2 community-level ICUs and
2 tertiary referral ICUs. Each ICU had a dedicated ICU pharmacist and one or
more pharmacy residents completing an ICU rotation as part of their pharmacy
practice residency (total of 6 residents). The 6 pharmacy residents were
randomly assigned to assess patients admitted to the ICU using
FASTHUGMAIDENS or standard monitoring practice. The mean proportion of DRPs
per patient encounter identified by the residents (relative to DRPs
identified by the ICU pharmacists) was the primary outcome, and the
proportion of total DRPs identified in each group was assessed as a
secondary end point.Results: Pharmacy residents using the FASTHUG-MAIDENS
mnemonic identified a significantly greater mean proportion of DRPs per
patient encounter (73.2% versus 52.4%, p = 0.008) and a greater proportion
of total DRPs (77.1% versus 52.5%, p < 0.001) than those assessing patients
according to standard monitoring practice.Conclusion: In this sample, the
mnemonic FASTHUG-MAIDENS was a useful tool to facilitate the capture of DRPs
by pharmacy residents working in the ICU.Background: The mnemonic FASTHUG
(Feeding, Analgesia, Sedation, Thromboembolic prophylaxis, Head of bed
elevation, stress Ulcer prophylaxis, Glucose control) was developed by
intensive care unit (ICU) physicians to ensure that key aspects of care are
addressed during each patient encounter. Because this tool does not
specifically target pharmacotherapy assessments, a modified version,
FASTHUGMAIDENS, was created, by changing the H to mean Hypoactive or
Hyperactive delirium and adding M for Medication reconciliation; A for
Antibiotics or Anti-infectives; I for Indications for medications; D for
drug Dosing; E for Electrolytes, hematology, and other laboratory tests; N
for No drug interactions, allergies, duplication, or side effects; and S for
Stop dates.Objective: To validate the use of FASTHUG-MAIDENS as a tool for
identifying drug-related problems (DRPs) in the ICU.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent (intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration)
histamine H2 receptor antagonist (intravenous drug administration, oral drug
administration)
proton pump inhibitor (intravenous drug administration, oral drug
administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical assessment tool
drug induced disease
FASTHUG MAIDENS
medication therapy management
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical assessment
controlled study
drug monitoring
hospital admission
human
intensive care unit
laboratory test
major clinical study
multicenter study
outcome assessment
patient monitoring
patient referral
pharmacist
pharmacy
prospective study
randomized controlled trial
resident
validation study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Internal Medicine (6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014845862
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 317
TITLE
Analysis of clinical pharmacist interventions in a tertiary teaching
hospital in Brazil
AUTHOR NAMES
Reis W.C.
Scopel C.T.
Correr C.J.
Andrzejevski V.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reis W.C.; Scopel C.T.; Correr C.J.; Andrzejevski V.M.)
SOURCE
Einstein (São Paulo, Brazil) (2013) 11:2 (190-196). Date of Publication:
2013 Apr-Jun
ISSN
2317-6385 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical pharmacist interventions performed during
the review of prescription orders of the Adult Intensive Care, Cardiologic
Intensive Care, and Clinical Cardiology Units of a large tertiary teaching
hospital in Brazil.METHODS: The analysis took place daily with the following
parameters: dose, rate of administration, presentation and/or dosage form,
presence of inappropriate/unnecessary drugs, necessity of additional
medication, more proper alternative therapies, presence of relevant drug
interactions, inconsistencies in prescription orders, physical-chemical
incompatibilities/solution stability. From this evaluation, the drug therapy
problems were classified, as well as the resulting clinical
interventions.RESULTS: During the study, a total of 6,438 drug orders were
assessed and 933 interventions were performed. The most prevalent drug
therapy problems involved ranitidine (28.44%), enoxaparin (13.76%), and
meropenem (8.26%). The acceptability of the interventions was 76.32%. The
most common problem found was related to dose, representing 46.73% of the
total.CONCLUSION: Our study showed that up to 14.6% of the prescriptions
reviewed had some drug therapy problem and the pharmacist interventions have
promoted positive changes in seven to ten of these prescriptions.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
medication error
statistics and numerical data
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Brazil
classification
human
inappropriate prescribing
middle aged
pharmacist
prescription
prospective study
standards
teaching hospital
tertiary care center
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Portuguese
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
MEDLINE PMID
23843060 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23843060)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 318
TITLE
Implementing ward based clinical pharmacy services in an Ethiopian
University Hospital
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Implantación de servicios de farmacia clínica en los departamentos de un
hospital universitario Etíope
AUTHOR NAMES
Mekonnen A.B.
Yesuf E.A.
Odegard P.S.
Wega S.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mekonnen A.B.) School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
(Yesuf E.A.) Department of Health Services Planning and Management, Jimma
University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
(Odegard P.S.) School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,
United States.
(Wega S.S.) School of Pharmacy, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. B. Mekonnen, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Practice (2013) 11:1 (51-57). Date of Publication: January-March
2013
ISSN
1886-3655 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica, Campus de la Cartuja,
Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
Background: Clinical pharmacy practice has developed internationally to
expand the role of a pharmacist well beyond the traditional roles
ofcompounding, dispensing and supplying drugs to roles more directly in
caring for patients. Studies on the activities of the clinical pharmacist in
an inpatient ward in resource constrained settings are scarce, however.
Objective: To assess ward based clinical pharmacy services in an internal
medicine ward of Jimma University Specialized Hospital. Methods: The study
was carried out in the internal medicine ward from March to April, 2011 at
Jimma University Specialized Hospital. The study design was a prospective
observational study where pharmaceutical care services provided by clinical
pharmacists for inpatients were documented over a period of two months.
Interventions like optimization of rational drug use and physician
acceptance of these recommendations were documented. Clinical significance
of interventions was evaluated by an independent team (1 internist, 1
clinical pharmacologist) using a standardized method for categorizing drug
related problems (DRPs). Results: A total of 149 drug related interventions
conducted for 48 patients were documented; among which 133(89.3%) were
clinical pharmacists initiated interventions and 16(10.7%) interventions
were initiated by other health care professionals. The most frequent DRPs
underlying interventions were unnecessary drug therapy, 36(24.2%); needs
additional drug therapy, 34(22.8%) and noncompliance, 29(19.5%). The most
frequent intervention type was change of dosage/instruction for use,
23(15.4%). Acceptance rate by physicians was 68.4%. Among the interventions
that were rated as clinically significant, 46(48.9%) and 25(26.6%) had major
and moderate clinical importance respectively. Conclusion: Involving trained
clinical pharmacists in the healthcare team leads to clinically relevant and
well accepted optimization of medicine use in a resource limited settings.
This approach can likely be generalized to other health care settings in the
country to improve medication outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
caregiver
female
follow up
health care personnel
human
internal medicine
length of stay
major clinical study
male
observational study
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
prospective study
training
treatment outcome
university hospital
ward
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Spanish
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013214467
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 319
TITLE
Specialist pharmacist training from the viewpoint of sports pharmacology
AUTHOR NAMES
Kasashi K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kasashi K., kasashi@den.hokudai.ac.jp) Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido
University Hospital, Kita-14 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Kasashi, Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14
Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan. Email: kasashi@den.hokudai.ac.jp
SOURCE
Yakugaku Zasshi (2012) 132:12 (1325-1328). Date of Publication: 2012
ISSN
0031-6903
1347-5231 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2-12-15-201, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
ABSTRACT
When athletes consult sports outpatient or orthopedic clinics it is possible
to undergo drug treatment with the medical staff having prior knowledge of
that patient being an athlete. However, if athletes seek any other diagnosis
and treatment as an ordinary patient, the possibility of medical staff
realizing the potential for imposing a doping issue on the athlete is
extremely low. As a result, if the athlete fails to provide medical staff
with information regarding anti-doping regulations when receiving clinical
treatment, drug treatment administered as part of medical practices could be
viewed as doping, resulting in the athlete being disciplined. In order to
avoid this, pharmacist should participate in training in order to be able to
provide information for anti-doping purposes. It is my personal opinion that
knowledge regarding antidoping is something that should be shared by all
pharmacists, as pharmacists are educated in the fields of pharmacology and
pharmacokinetics during the pharmacy education process, and sports
pharmacology is a part of this. However, in order for pharmacists to
understand sports pharmacology, it is necessary to provide education not
only on the benefits and adverse effects of pharmaceutical products, but
also on the concept of banned substances. It can be considered one of the
pharmacist's duties to protect athletes who purchase drugs at a pharmacy or
consult medical institutions as patients. With this, I would like to propose
considering the potential for introducing sports pharmacology to
pharmaceutical education, and specialist pharmacist training in the sports
spectrum. © 2012 The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doping
pharmacist
sports medicine
sports pharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
athlete
clinical pharmacology
drug metabolism
education program
human
medical practice
medical staff
review
sports science
staff training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012728177
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.12-00230-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 320
TITLE
Evaluation of self-medication among pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Sharif S.I.
Mohamed Ibrahim O.H.
Mouslli L.
Waisi R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sharif S.I.; Mohamed Ibrahim O.H.; Mouslli L.; Waisi R.) Department of
Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. I. Sharif, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics,
College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab
Emirates.
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2012) 7:4 (135-140). Date
of Publication: 15 Dec 2012
ISSN
1557-4962
1557-4970 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Science Publications, 244, 5th Avenue # S-207,, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
To determine the incidence of self-medication among Sharjah university
students and the impact of medical knowledge on such practice. A
pre-validated questionnaire was distributed to 200 pharmacy students during
May, 2012. Data were analyzed using SPSS and results expressed as counts and
percentages. The overall response rate was 85% with 98% of respondents being
Arabs. Females comprised about 91% of students and the mean age (SD) was
19.5(2.4). Practicing self-medication in the past year was high as145 (86%)
used drugs without medical consultation. Most respondents (128, 76%)
obtained their medication from pharmacies and used the medication for one
week (106, 63%). Antibiotics were used by 54(32%) of students despite the
fact that slightly more than 50% of students were aware of the possibility
of emergence of bacterial resistance and were also aware of the concept of
rational drug use in general. Main reasons for self-medication were
non-serious health problem, illness is minor, seeking quick relief and to
avoid long waiting hours at clinics. Reasons against self-medication include
risks of adverse effects, using the wrong medication, drug interaction,
misdiagnosis and drug abuse and dependence. Medical consultation is mainly
sought in case of presence of severe pain, worsening of symptoms, or
persistence of the latter for more than a week. Headache or mild pain, eye
and ear symptoms, gastric problems, cold, fever and allergy were the
commonest symptoms for self-medication. Knowledge of responsible self
medication is inadequate but the practice is high and common among pharmacy
students. Interventions to promote responsible selfmedication among
university students are required. © 2012 Science Publication.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
antacid agent
antibiotic agent
antidiarrheal agent
antiemetic agent
antihistaminic agent
antipyretic agent
decongestive agent
eye drops
laxative
vitamin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy student
self medication
student attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
allergy
antibiotic resistance
article
attitude to health
awareness
clinical feature
common cold
consultation
controlled study
drug use
ear disease
eye disease
female
fever
headache
human
male
risk assessment
risk factor
stomach disease
tea
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013274007
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajptsp.2012.135.140
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 321
TITLE
Anti-aging effects of Hippophae rhamnoides emulsion on human skin
AUTHOR NAMES
Ali Khan B.
Akhtar N.
Braga V.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ali Khan B., barki.gold@gmail.com; Akhtar N.) Departmentof Pharmacy,
Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
(Braga V.A.) Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal University of
Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Ali Khan, Departmentof Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative
Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100/city,
Pakistan. Email: barki.gold@gmail.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2012) 11:6 (955-962). Date of
Publication: December 2012
ISSN
1596-5996
1596-9827 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Group, Benin City, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of topically applied
water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion of Hippophae rhamnoides using standard R
cutometer parameters. Methods: A w/o emulsion of 1 % hydro-alcoholic extract
of H. rhamnoides (formulation) and placebo control (base) were used in the
study. Eleven healthy male volunteers with a mean age of 24.5 years were
selected after obtaining informed consent. The subjects were assigned to
blindly use either the formulation or the base for 7 consecutive weeks. The
skin mechanical parameters determined with a cutometer, were R0 (first
maximum amplitude), R2 (gross-elasticity), R6 (viscoelasticity), R7
(biological elasticity) and R8 (total recovery). In addition, the
antioxidant activity of the formulation was evaluated by 1,
1-diphenil-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results: Topical application of 1
% organic extract emulsion of H. rhamnoides improved most of the
biomechanical parameters evaluated when compared to the base group (p <
0.05). However, skin extensibility and firmness of the active formulation-
and base-treated groups (R0) were not different (p < 0.01). Of note, a
significant correlation between the active formulation and the improvement
of the skin mechanical parameters was observed. The active formulation was
found to be superior than the placebo control. Conclusion: The topical
antioxidant emulsion of H. rhamnoides significantly improved skin
biomechanical parameters after 7 weeks of treatment. The data obtained
suggest that H. rhamnoides could be an alternative pharmacological tool for
treating age-related loss of skin elasticity. © Pharmacotherapy Group,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, 300001 Nigeria. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Hippophae rhamnoides extract (pharmaceutics, pharmacology, topical drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl
collagen (endogenous compound)
placebo
scavenger (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cutaneous parameters
Hippophae rhamnoides
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
antioxidant activity
article
chloasma
drug formulation
drug mechanism
elasticity
emulsion
erythema
human
human experiment
informed consent
male
non invasive procedure
normal human
patch test
skin
skin irritation
skin pruritus
skinfold thickness
viscoelasticity
DEVICE TRADE NAMES
Cutometer MPA 580 , GermanyCourage Khazaka
DEVICE MANUFACTURERS
(Germany)Courage Khazaka
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl (1898-66-4)
collagen (9007-34-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Dermatology and Venereology (13)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013009786
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v11i6.12
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 322
TITLE
Epidemiology and potential associated risk factors of drug-related problems
in hospitalised children in the United Kingdom and Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR NAMES
Rashed A.N.
Neubert A.
Tomlin S.
Jackman J.
Alhamdan H.
AlShaikh A.
Attar A.
Aseeri M.
Wilton L.
Wong I.C.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rashed A.N.; Neubert A.; Wilton L.; Wong I.C.K., wongick@hku.hk) Centre for
Paediatric Pharmacy Research, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick
Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
(Neubert A.) Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, FAU
Erlangen-Nuremberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
(Tomlin S.; Jackman J.) Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas'
NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom.
(Alhamdan H.; AlShaikh A.; Attar A.; Aseeri M.) National Guard Health
Affairs, Kind Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Jeddah, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah 21432,
Saudi Arabia.
(Wong I.C.K., wongick@hku.hk) Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy (DPP),
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong
Kong.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I.C.K. Wong, Centre for Paediatric Pharmacy Research, UCL School of
Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom. Email:
wongick@hku.hk
SOURCE
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2012) 68:12 (1657-1666). Date of
Publication: December 2012
ISSN
0031-6970
1432-1041 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Aim Drug-related problems (DRP) are "an event or circumstance involving drug
therapy that actually or potentially interferes with the desired health
outcome". The extent and characteristics of DRPs in children in the UK and
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are unknown. Our aim was to determine the
epidemiology of and identify risk factors for DRPs in hospitalised children.
Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out in children aged 0-18
years, admitted to themedical ward, paediatric intensive care unit (PICU)
and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) during a 3-month period in two
hospitals. Patients' charts, medical records and laboratory data were
reviewed daily to identify DRPs; their preventability and severity were
assessed. Logistic regression was used to analyse the potential risk factors
associated with DRP incidence. Results Seven hundred and thirty-seven
children (median age 2.3 years, interquartile range 6 months to 8 years,
58.1% male) were included. Three hundred and thirtythree patients suffered
from 478 DRPs. Overall DRP incidence was 45.2% (95% CI, 41.5-48.8); KSA
(51.1%; 95% CI, 45.8-56.3), UK (39.4%; 95% CI, 34.4-44.6). Incidence was
highest in the PICU (59.7%; 95% CI, 47.0-71.5). Dosing problems were the
most frequently reported DRPs (n0258, 54%). 80.3% of DRP (n0384) cases were
preventable; 72.2% (n0345) of DRPs were assessed as minor; 27% (n0129) as
moderate. Number of prescriptions and type of admission (transferred) were
potential risk factors for DRP occurrence in children. Conclusions
Drug-related problems were common in the hospitalised children in this
study; the most frequent were dosing problems and drug choice problems; the
majority of them were preventable. Polypharmacy and transferred admission
(another hospital or ward) were potential risk factors. To improve
prescribing practices and minimise the risk of DRPs in hospitalised
children, paediatric pharmacology and pharmacotherapy are important in
medical education. © Springer-Verlag 2012.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amoxicillin (adverse drug reaction)
antiinfective agent (adverse drug reaction)
central nervous system agents (adverse drug reaction)
enzyme inhibitor (adverse drug reaction)
gastrointestinal agent (adverse drug reaction)
morphine (adverse drug reaction)
salbutamol (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease (side effect, epidemiology, etiology, side effect)
hospitalized child
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
child
cohort analysis
disease severity
dose calculation
drug choice
drug classification
female
hospital admission
human
infant
intensive care unit
laboratory test
major clinical study
male
medical education
medical record review
newborn
newborn intensive care
observational study
polypharmacy
preschool child
prescription
preventive medicine
priority journal
prospective study
risk factor
risk reduction
Saudi Arabia
school child
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amoxicillin (26787-78-0, 34642-77-8, 61336-70-7)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
salbutamol (18559-94-9, 35763-26-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012739834
MEDLINE PMID
22644343 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22644343)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-012-1302-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 323
TITLE
An interview with Lucio G. Costa and Michael Aschner, section editors for
toxicology
AUTHOR NAMES
Costa L.G.
Aschner M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Costa L.G., lgcosta@u.washington.edu) Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt #100,
Seattle, WA 98105, United States.
(Aschner M., michael.aschner@vanderbilt.edu) Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, 2215-B Garland Avenue, 11415 MRB IV, Nashville, TN 37232-0414,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.G. Costa, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences,
University of Washington, 4225 Roosevelt #100, Seattle, WA 98105, United
States. Email: lgcosta@u.washington.edu
SOURCE
BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology (2012) 13 Article Number: 16. Date of
Publication: 15 Nov 2012
ISSN
2050-6511
BOOK PUBLISHER
BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6, 236 Gray's Inn Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Lucio G. Costa is currently Professor of Environmental and Occupational
Health Sciences at the School of Public Health at the University of
Washington. Dr. Costa is a renowned neurotoxicologist whose research
interests are focused on understanding the role of neurotoxic substances in
neurodevelopmental disorders and other neurological, neuropsychiatric and
neurodegenerative diseases. Dr Costa's research laboratory makes use of a
variety of in vivo and in vitro cell culture systems, transgenic animal
models and imaging techniques to study the cellular, biochemical and
molecular mechanisms of neurotoxicity.Michael Aschner is the Gray E. B.
Stahlman Professor of Pediatrics and Pharmacology at Vanderbilt University
School of Medicine as well as a Senior Investigator at the Kennedy Center
for Research on Human Development. Dr Aschner's research group has a
particular interest in the neurobiology and physiology of astrocytes and the
signaling mechanisms associated with central nervous system injury. Dr
Aschner's laboratory studies metal uptake and distribution in the brain,
investigating the mechanisms of transport of methylmercury and manganese
across the capillaries of the blood-brain barrier. His research utilizes
various experimental models (C. elegans, tissue cultures and rodents) to
understand the acute toxicity of manganese deposition in the brains of human
neonates.In this interview we find out a little more about the key issues in
the field of toxicology research. © 2012 Costa and Aschner; licensee BioMed
Central Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
editor
toxicology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aging
career mobility
clinical assessment
clinical research
decision making
editorial
exposure
human
interview
medical education
pharmacology
risk assessment
safety
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013459199
MEDLINE PMID
23153341 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23153341)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2050-6511-13-16
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 324
TITLE
Attitudes of matriculating first-year pharmacy students toward a mandatory,
random drug-screening program.
AUTHOR NAMES
Oliver M.
Cates M.E.
Hogue M.D.
Alverson S.P.
Woolley T.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Oliver M.) McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, 800 Lakeshore
Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229, USA.
(Cates M.E.; Hogue M.D.; Alverson S.P.; Woolley T.W.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Oliver, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, 800 Lakeshore
Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229, USA.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2012) 76:9 (171). Date of
Publication: 12 Nov 2012
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To determine the attitudes of incoming pharmacy students toward a mandatory,
random urine drug-screening program. This was an anonymous, voluntary survey
of students at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy (MSOP) using an instrument
composed of 40 items. The instrument was administered during orientation
week prior to the session during which the policies and procedures of MSOP's
drug-screening program were to be discussed. The survey instrument was
completed by all 129 (100%) students in the class. Two-thirds of the
students were aware of MSOP's drug-screening program prior to applying, but
only a few felt uneasy about applying to the school because of the program.
The greatest concerns expressed by the students included what would happen
if a student unintentionally missed a drug screen or was busy with other
matters when called for screening, how much time a drug-screening would
take, and the possibility of false-positive drug screen results. The vast
majority of students agreed with statements regarding the potential benefits
of drug testing. Students who consumed alcohol in a typical week and those
with current or past use of an illegal substance held less favorable
attitudes toward MSOP's mandatory drug-screening program compared with
students who did not share those characteristics. Although there were
definite concerns expressed regarding pragmatic issues surrounding drug
screening, the first-year pharmacy students held generally favorable
opinions about the school's mandatory drug-screening program.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis)
health personnel attitude
pharmacy student
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
female
human
information processing
male
mandatory testing
methodology
psychological aspect
school
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23193335 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23193335)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 325
TITLE
Evaluation of online training for the provision of opioid substitution
treatment by community pharmacists in New Zealand
AUTHOR NAMES
Walters C.
Raymont A.
Galea S.
Wheeler A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Walters C.; Galea S.) Community Alcohol and Drug Services (CADS), Waitemata
District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
(Raymont A.) Clinical Research and Resource Centre, Waitemata District
Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
(Wheeler A., a.wheeler@griffith.edu.au) Griffith Health Institute, Griffith
University, Brisbane, Australia.
(Wheeler A., a.wheeler@griffith.edu.au) Faculty of Medical and Health
Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Wheeler, University of Auckland, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith
University, Brisbane, Qld 4131, Australia. Email: a.wheeler@griffith.edu.au
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Review (2012) 31:7 (903-910). Date of Publication: November
2012
ISSN
0959-5236
1465-3362 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Aims. The role of community pharmacists in the provision of
opioid substitution treatment (OST) is pivotal and integral to addiction
treatment. An online training program for pharmacists in OST management was
piloted in New Zealand in 2010, following recognition of the difficulty in
recruitment and retention of community pharmacists to provide OST services.
Our aim was to evaluate the OST online training that was made available for
any community pharmacist in New Zealand and to establish the feasibility and
acceptability of this format of training for community pharmacists. The
evaluation explored participants' attitudes, skills and knowledge both pre-
and post-training in OST. Design and Methods. All pharmacists registering to
participate in the training program were asked to complete an evaluation
questionnaire immediately before (pre) and immediately after (post)
completing the training. Participants were also invited to participate in a
brief 10min structured telephone interview about their training experience.
Results. In the first 4months 190 pharmacists commenced the training; 101
completed both evaluations. Improvements in the confidence and skills of
pharmacists were demonstrated through both the quantitative and qualitative
analyses. Statistically significant changes in attitudes were also
demonstrated. Overall the OST training was well received and the online
format was feasible and highly acceptable. Discussion and Conclusion. Online
training is an appropriate and economical method of improving pharmacists'
clinical skills with respect to this client group, and has the potential to
reach a wider audience of pharmacists. Further research is required to
investigate OST client experiences in community pharmacy.[Walters C, Raymont
A, Galea S, Wheeler A. Evaluation of online training for the provision of
opioid substitution treatment by community pharmacists in New Zealand. ©
2012 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
opiate substitution treatment
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
feasibility study
female
health personnel attitude
human
Internet
male
methodology
middle aged
New Zealand
opiate addiction (rehabilitation)
organization and management
questionnaire
standard
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
22519647 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22519647)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00459.x
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 326
TITLE
Development of a pharmacist-psychiatrist collaborative medication therapy
management clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Tallian K.B.
Hirsch J.D.
Kuo G.M.
Chang C.A.
Gilmer T.
Messinger M.
Chan P.
Daniels C.E.
Lee K.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tallian K.B.) University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego,
CA, United States.
(Tallian K.B.) Scripps Memorial Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States.
(Tallian K.B.) Health Sciences Department, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA,
United States.
(Hirsch J.D.; Kuo G.M.; Daniels C.E.; Lee K.C., kellylee@ucsd.edu)
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA,
United States.
(Chang C.A.; Messinger M.; Lee K.C., kellylee@ucsd.edu) Skaggs School of
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego,
MC-0719, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA 92093-0719, United States.
(Chang C.A.) PharMerica, Mountain View, CA, United States.
(Gilmer T.) Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of
California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
(Messinger M.) Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
(Chan P.) Pharmacy Benefits Division, Department of Health Care Services,
University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.C. Lee, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University
of California San Diego, MC-0719, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA 92093-0719,
United States. Email: kellylee@ucsd.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:6 (e252-e258).
Date of Publication: November-December 2012
ISSN
1544-3191
1544-3450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, 2215 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe a needs assessment, practice description, practice
innovation and reimbursement of a psychiatric pharmacist medication therapy
management (MTM) clinic with related challenges and opportunities. Setting:
An MTM clinic established in collaboration with the Outpatient Psychiatric
Services (OPS) at the University of California San Diego (UCSD), under
contract with the San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency Adult
and Older Adult Mental Health Services (A/OAMHS). Practice description: Two
board-certified psychiatric pharmacists provided direct patient care using a
collaborative practice protocol 3 days per week. Clinical services included
pharmacotherapy management, laboratory monitoring, medication counseling,
and psychosocial referrals to other providers. Practice innovation: Payment
to UCSD OPS for clinical services was based on a contract between the San
Diego County A/OAMHS and the clinic. Two pharmacists co-managed mental
health patients and billed for medication management based on face-to-face
contact time (medication minutes) and documentation time with each patient.
Main outcome measures: Number of patients comanaged, dropout rates, visit
duration, and billed minutes. Results: From May 2009 to December 2010, two
pharmacists comanaged 68 patients, mean (± SD) age 48.6 ± 11.6 years,
diagnosed with major depressive, schizophrenic, schizoaffective, and/or
bipolar disorder. A total of 56 (82.3%) patients were clinically stable and
remained on the pharmacist caseload, but 12 (17.6%) patients were lost to
follow-up (10 lost contact, 1 moved, 1 expired). On average, patients had
7.7 patient visits, for 491 total visits (with an average of 26 minutes per
visit) that were billed at a rate of $4.82 per minute for medication
minutes, translating to 884.542.80. Conclusion: With provider education and
appropriate physician champions, pharmacists are able to work
collaboratively with psychiatrists in a mental health clinic.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (pharmacoeconomics)
mood stabilizer (pharmacoeconomics)
ziprasidone (pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medication therapy management
pharmacist
psychiatrist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accreditation
article
bipolar disorder (disease management)
certification
Clinical Global Impression scale
clinical protocol
counseling
drug monitoring
follow up
government
health care personnel
hospital
hospital billing
human
licensing
major depression (disease management)
medical documentation
medical education
mental health center
mental health service
mood disorder (disease management)
needs assessment
outcome assessment
outpatient care
patient care
patient dropouts
physician self-referral
practice act
prospective payment
reimbursement
schizoaffective psychosis (disease management)
schizophrenia (disease management)
substance abuse
teamwork
university hospital
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
ziprasidone (118289-78-4, 122883-93-6, 138982-67-9, 199191-69-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013814986
MEDLINE PMID
23229987 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229987)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.11215
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 327
TITLE
Patient-centered health care using pharmacist-delivered medication therapy
management in rural Mississippi
AUTHOR NAMES
Ross L.A.
Bloodworth L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ross L.A., laross@umc.edu; Bloodworth L.S.) Community-Based Research
Program, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.A. Ross, Community-Based Research Program, School of Pharmacy, University
of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, United States. Email: laross@umc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:6 (802-809). Date
of Publication: November-December 2012
ISSN
1544-3191
1544-3450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, 2215 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe and provide preliminary clinical and economic
outcomes from a pharmacist-delivered patient-centered health care (PCHC)
model implemented in the Mississippi Delta. Setting: Mississippi between
July 2008 and June 2010. Practice description: 13 community pharmacies in
nine Mississippi Delta counties. Practice innovation: This PCHC model
implements a comprehensive medication therapy management (MTM) program with
pharmacist training, individualized patient encounters and group education,
provider outreach, integration of pharmacists into health information
technology, and on-site support in community pharmacies in a medically
underserved region with a large burden of chronic disease and health
disparities. The program also expands on traditional MTM services through
initiatives in health literacy/cultural competency and efforts to increase
the provider network and improve access to care. Main outcome measures:
Criteria-based clinical outcomes, quality indicator reports, cost avoidance.
Results: PCHC services have been implemented in 13 pharmacies in nine
counties in this underserved region, and 78 pharmacists and 177 students
have completed the American Pharmacists Association's MTM Certificate
Training Program. Preliminary data from 488 patients showed 681 encounters
in which 1,471 drug therapy problems were identified and resolved.
Preliminary data for clinical indicators and economic outcome measures are
trending in a positive direction. Conclusion: Preliminary data analyses
suggest that pharmacist-provided PCHC is beneficial and has the potential to
be replicated in similar rural communities that are plagued with chronic
disease and traditional primary care provider shortages. This effort aligns
with national priorities to reduce medication errors, improve health
outcomes, and reduce health care costs in underserved communities.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medication therapy management
patient care
rural health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
clinical indicator
controlled study
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical informatics
medically underserved
middle aged
pharmacist
pharmacy
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013814983
MEDLINE PMID
23229968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23229968)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.10192
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 328
TITLE
Development of a psychiatric pharmacy elective track
AUTHOR NAMES
Brahm N.C.
Davis T.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brahm N.C., nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu; Davis T.S.) University of Oklahoma
College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.C. Brahm, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Administrative Sciences, 4502 E. 41st
Street, Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. Email: nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2012) 4:4 (267-272). Date of
Publication: October 2012
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Development of expertise in new pharmacy graduates is the
gradual transition from novice to expert. Information on the development of
specialty knowledge at the student level in pharmacy curricula has not been
published extensively. Methods: This paper reports an overview of the
development of a psychiatric pharmacy elective track at the University of
Oklahoma College of Pharmacy to help professional pharmacy students gain
expertise in a selected area of interest. Results: An elective track in
psychiatric pharmacy with didactic and advanced pharmacy practice
experiences is described. Curricular development is outlined and includes
lessons learned. Advanced pharmacy practice experiences, both patient-based
and research-focused, are discussed. Personal investment in the process by
interested students and faculty, in addition to the resources needed to
foster the process toward expertise, are highlighted. Conclusions:
Professional development is an integral part of the advancement from novice
to expert. Elective tracks with focused areas of study may facilitate this
development. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum development
paramedical education
pharmacy
psychiatric pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health care personnel
health care system
human
medical research
mental disease
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
postgraduate education
priority journal
professional development
professional knowledge
schizophrenia
study skills
substance abuse
traumatic brain injury
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012565169
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2012.05.001
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 329
TITLE
Interventions of a pharmacist on a teaching nursing home team
AUTHOR NAMES
Nye A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nye A.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Nye,
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2012) 27:10 (707). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Fall 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
National Harbor, MD, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-11-06 to 2012-11-09
ISSN
0888-5109
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To determine the added value of a clinical pharmacist rounding with
an interdisciplinary team in a nursing home. Methods: A pharmacist rounded
with the physician team four days a week in a teaching nursing home in
addition to the monthly chart review. For two months interventions by a CGP
preceptor and pharmacy students were recorded, including the drug problem
and outcome. Results: There were a total of 197 drug problems identified
with 132 recommendations on a nursing home panel of approximately 90
patients. Eighty-five percent of recommendations were implemented. The most
common problems were an untreated problem (35), unnecessary drug (31), lab
monitoring needed (24), ineffective medication (17), suboptimal drug choice
(11), and high-risk drug (11). Recommendations including stopping a drug
(40), initiating new therapy (33), monitoring needed (25), changing the drug
(16), increasing the dose (16), and decreasing the dose (9). Conclusion: By
rounding with the team a pharmacist could make recommendations when
decisions were being made for the patient. When a less optimal medication
was being considered it could be changed before it was ordered. Having a
pharmacist at the point of care facilitates appropriate use of medications.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
consultation
human
nursing home
pharmacist
society
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse
drug choice
drug therapy
medical record review
monitoring
patient
pharmacy student
physician
risk
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.698
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 330
TITLE
Prescribing and the core curriculum for tomorrow's doctors: BPS curriculum
in clinical pharmacology and prescribing for medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Ross S.
Maxwell S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ross S., s.ross@abdn.ac.uk) Division of Medical and Dental Education,
University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB252ZD, United Kingdom.
(Maxwell S.) Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Edinburgh, Western
General Hospital, Edinburgh EH42XU, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Ross, Division of Medical and Dental Education, University of Aberdeen,
Aberdeen AB252ZD, United Kingdom. Email: s.ross@abdn.ac.uk
SOURCE
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2012) 74:4 (644-661). Date of
Publication: October 2012
ISSN
0306-5251
1365-2125 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Prescribing is one of the commonest tasks expected of new doctors and is a
complex process involving a mixture of knowledge, judgement and skills.
Preparing graduates to be prescribers is one of the greatest challenges of
modern undergraduate medical education and there is some evidence to suggest
that training could be improved. The aims of this article are (i) to review
some of the challenges of delivering effective prescribing education, (ii)
to provide a clear statement of the learning outcomes in clinical
pharmacology and prescribing that should be expected of all medical
graduates and (iii) to describe a curriculum that might enable students to
achieve these outcomes. We build on the previous curriculum recommendations
of the British Pharmacological Society and take into account those of other
key bodies, notably the General Medical Council. We have also reviewed
relevant evidence from the literature and set our work in the context of
recent trends in medical education. We divide our recommended learning
objectives into four sections: principles of clinical pharmacology,
essential drugs, essential therapeutic problems and prescribing skills.
Although these will not necessarily be accepted universally we believe that
they will help those who design and map undergraduate curricula to explore
potential gaps and identify improvements. © 2012 The Authors. British
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology © 2012 The British Pharmacological Society.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (pharmacology)
amiloride (pharmacology)
amiodarone (pharmacology)
amlodipine (pharmacology)
antacid agent (pharmacology)
atenolol (pharmacology)
atropine (pharmacology)
bendroflumethiazide (pharmacology)
bisoprolol (pharmacology)
codeine (pharmacology)
digoxin (pharmacology)
doxazosin (pharmacology)
furosemide (pharmacology)
glyceryl trinitrate (pharmacology)
infliximab (pharmacology)
insulin (pharmacology)
laxative (pharmacology)
local anesthetic agent (pharmacology)
loperamide (pharmacology)
losartan (pharmacology)
mebeverine (pharmacology)
mesalazine (pharmacology)
nicorandil (pharmacology)
omeprazole (pharmacology)
oxygen (pharmacology)
ramipril (pharmacology)
ranitidine (pharmacology)
spironolactone (pharmacology)
unindexed drug
verapamil (pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
education program
medical student
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cardiovascular disease
drug formulary
drug misuse
electronic prescribing
emergency medical services education
endocrine disease
gastrointestinal disease
hematologic disease
human
infection
infusion system
medical education
medicolegal aspect
mental disease
neurologic disease
physician
practice guideline
priority journal
quality control
respiratory tract disease
review
urinary tract disease
urogenital tract disease
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
amiloride (2016-88-8, 2609-46-3)
amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2)
amlodipine (103129-82-4, 736178-83-9, 88150-42-9)
atenolol (29122-68-7, 93379-54-5)
atropine (51-55-8, 55-48-1)
bendroflumethiazide (73-48-3)
bisoprolol (66722-44-9)
codeine (76-57-3)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
doxazosin (74191-85-8)
furosemide (54-31-9)
glyceryl trinitrate (55-63-0)
infliximab (170277-31-3)
insulin (9004-10-8)
loperamide (34552-83-5, 53179-11-6)
losartan (114798-26-4)
mebeverine (2753-45-9, 3625-06-7)
mesalazine (89-57-6)
nicorandil (65141-46-0)
omeprazole (73590-58-6, 95510-70-6)
oxygen (7782-44-7)
ramipril (87333-19-5)
ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3)
spironolactone (52-01-7)
verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012526974
MEDLINE PMID
22288524 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22288524)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04186.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 331
TITLE
Community pharmacists' perceptions and knowledge of medication disposal
AUTHOR NAMES
Sipple L.J.
Stewart A.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sipple L.J.; Stewart A.L.) Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.J. Sipple, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e294). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Medication disposal is an emerging topic of concern due to
potential ecological consequences, prescription drug abuse, and accidental
ingestion and poisoning within homes. The primary objective of this study is
to describe pharmacist knowledge and attitudes towards medication disposal
and confidence in the ability to counsel patients on appropriate medication
disposal. METHODS: A 16-item survey was distributed via Survey- MonkeyTM to
practicing community pharmacists. Data were analyzed using descriptive and
inferential statistics. Pearson's Test for Correlation was used to explore
relationships between variables. Nominal variables were compared using
Chi-squared test. RESULTS: Surveys were sent to approximately 250 community
pharmacists of which there were 132 complete, usable responses. 43.2% of
respondents indicated they counsel on medication disposal 2-3 times per
month with 73.5% indicating confidence in this ability. Seventy-eight of
respondents identified pharmacists as a “good resource” for information on
medication disposal, and 72% identified it as a professional responsibility.
Self-reported knowledge of disposal guidelines and take back programs is
low, with only 56.1% and 54.5% of pharmacists responding in agreement. In
general, the number of years in practice did not correlate with knowledge of
confidence. However, new practitioners (those practicing 5 years or less),
were 40% less likely to view inappropriate disposal of medicine as a
significant public health problem compared with experienced practitioners
(Chi Square = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate medication disposal is a
topic of concern for pharmacists and the public. Despite recognizing
appropriate medication disposal as a responsibility and area of expertise of
pharmacists, knowledge of appropriate practices is relatively low. This may
be related to the overall indifference towards the impact of inappropriate
disposal on the environment and public health.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
community
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse
inferential statistics
ingestion
intoxication
patient
physician
public health problem
responsibility
social medicine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 332
TITLE
A pharmacotherapeutic approach to the management of chronic posttraumatic
stress disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Spaulding A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Spaulding A.M., spauldia@acphs.edu) Albany College of Pharmacy and Health
Sciences, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.M. Spaulding, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 106 New
Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, United States. Email: spauldia@acphs.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:5 (541-551). Date of Publication:
October 2012
ISSN
0897-1900
1531-1937 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Due to relatively recent and ongoing world events (eg, terrorist attacks,
wars, and natural disasters), there has been a shift in attention from some
of the more common psychiatric illnesses to one of the more elusive, namely,
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a severe, and often chronic,
condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Although
originally a condition seen primarily among war veterans, PTSD is now
becoming more prevalent in the general community. PTSD often presents
concurrently with other conditions, such as depression, bipolar,
anxiety/panic disorders, and alcohol and drug abuse. Because of this, PTSD
often goes unrecognized and is underdiagnosed in clinical practice. Thus, an
opportunity for pharmacist intervention exists, both in the institution and
in the community. With proper education and training, pharmacists can be
efficient in screening for signs and symptoms of PTSD, triaging appropriate
patients, and can play an integral role in managing the diverse array of
drug therapy options for PTSD. © The Author(s) 2012.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amitriptyline (drug therapy)
atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
carbamazepine (drug therapy)
citalopram (drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
fluvoxamine (drug therapy)
gabapentin (drug therapy)
glutamic acid (endogenous compound)
imipramine (drug therapy)
lamotrigine (drug therapy)
mirtazapine (drug therapy)
paroxetine (drug therapy)
phenelzine (drug therapy)
placebo
quetiapine (drug therapy)
risperidone (drug therapy)
serotonin (endogenous compound)
sertraline (drug therapy)
tiagabine (drug therapy)
topiramate (drug therapy)
valproic acid (drug therapy)
venlafaxine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
posttraumatic stress disorder (drug therapy, diagnosis, drug therapy,
etiology, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
behavior therapy
bipolar disorder
clinical feature
cognitive therapy
depression
drug abuse
drug dose titration
emergency health service
extrapyramidal symptom (side effect)
human
hyperglycemia (side effect)
increased appetite (side effect)
medical education
panic
pathophysiology
pharmacist
psychotherapy
review
side effect (side effect)
weight gain
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
fluvoxamine (54739-18-3)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
glutamic acid (11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
lamotrigine (84057-84-1)
mirtazapine (61337-67-5)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
phenelzine (156-51-4, 51-71-8)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
risperidone (106266-06-2)
serotonin (50-67-9)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
tiagabine (115103-54-3, 115103-55-4)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012569774
MEDLINE PMID
22544623 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22544623)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012442714
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 333
TITLE
Development of an eLearning tool to educate teens and adults about the
dangers of medication misuse and abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
DuHaime C.M.
Newaz N.E.
AlMandy R.
Whang J.K.
Tran T.T.
Bui A.M.
Pervanas H.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(DuHaime C.M.; Newaz N.E.; AlMandy R.; Whang J.K.; Tran T.T.; Bui A.M.;
Pervanas H.C.) Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
Manchester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.M. DuHaime, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
Manchester, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e286). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medication abuse is a
growing epidemic in the adolescent and adult populations across the country.
As a result, prescription related deaths have exceeded motor vehicle
fatalities in New Hampshire (NH). Contributing factors include lack of
education and increased accessibility. The purpose of the study was to
create a learning tool to promote medication safety and educate the public
about medication misuse and abuse. METHODS: Six student pharmacists from the
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) collaborated
with the Community Alliance for Teen Safety (CATS) to create an eLearning
tool addressing issues concerning prescription and OTC drug abuse. The
student pharmacists developed scenarios that targeted both adolescent and
adult populations and were integrated into a 30-60 minute self-paced
interactive web-based program. Scenarios provide the online participant with
a real-life situation specific to medication abuse. As the participant
navigates through the scenario they are faced with challenges and must make
choices to proceed. Once a choice has been made feedback is provided
explaining the outcome of the choice. The participant also has the option to
navigate back and make a different choice. At the conclusion of the program
the participant is provided with a final summary and take-away message.
RESULTS: Four eLearning scenarios were developed: two that focused on topics
relevant to adolescents and two for adults. Adolescent topics included: (i)
abuse of prescription stimulants, and (ii) peer pressure to abuse/misuse
prescription drugs. Adult topics included: (i) dextromethorphan abuse, and
(ii) diversion, disposal and proper storage of medications. The program will
be piloted in the NH Derry Middle School in the fall of 2012. CONCLUSION:
The eLearning scenarios will serve as an interactive tool for promoting
medication safety as well as educating the community about the dangers of
medication misuse and abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
central stimulant agent
dextromethorphan
non prescription drug
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
adult
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
community
death
drug abuse
education
epidemic
fatality
feedback system
health science
human
learning
life
middle school
motor vehicle
peer pressure
pharmacist
pharmacy
population
prescription
safety
storage
student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 334
TITLE
Cost-effectiveness of pharmacist managed medication therapy adherence clinic
(MTAC) on type 2 diabetes patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia
AUTHOR NAMES
Loganadan N.K.
Lim K.Y.
Nur N.M.
Ariffin F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Loganadan N.K.; Lim K.Y.; Nur N.M.; Ariffin F.) Department of Pharmacy,
Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.K. Loganadan, Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e270). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was conducted: (i) To study the impact of pharmacist
managed Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (MTAC) on medication adherence
and glycemic control of Type 2 Diabetes patients and (ii) To evaluate the
cost-effectiveness of MTAC program. METHODS: In this prospective cohort
study, 43 Type 2 Diabetes patients who attended pharmacist MTAC clinic
visits in Kuala Lumpur Hospital besides their routine physician visits
between February 2008 to August 2009 were assigned to Intervention group
while 42 others who attended physician visits only (Standard Care) as
Control. The Intervention group received medication adherence assessment,
advise on drug related problems, medication counseling and diabetes
education by pharmacists while the Control group did not. HbA1c levels (%)
and Morisky Scores were measured and compared at baseline and after 9 months
follow-up period between both groups. Direct medical costs including
doctor's cost, pharmacist's cost, nurse's cost, cost of medications and cost
of laboratory tests were used for costeffectiveness analysis (CEA). RESULTS:
Medication adherence of subjects in the Intervention (MTAC) group increased
significantly from a Morisky score of 4.23 at baseline to 7.84 (p<0.05)
compared to increase from 4.00 to 6.14 seen in Control at the end of
follow-up. The HbA1c of subjects in the Intervention arm also reduced
significantly (p<0.05) by 1.7% from 10.6% at baseline to 8.9% at the end of
follow-up compared with a relatively smaller decrease of 0.6% from 10.7% at
baseline to 10.1% achieved in Control (p>0.05). Average cost effectiveness
ratio (ACER) for Intervention group was RM446.01 per 1% reduction and
RM1328.52 per 1% HbA1c reduction for Control. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist
managed MTAC Diabetes program helped Type 2 Diabetes patients achieve
significantly better medication adherence and glycemic control besides being
more cost-effective than Standard Care with greater savings in diabetes
expenditure to the hospital.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hemoglobin A1c
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
cost effectiveness analysis
diabetic patient
drug therapy
hospital
human
Malaysia
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
patient compliance
pharmacist
tertiary health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
arm
cohort analysis
control group
counseling
diabetes education
diabetes mellitus
follow up
glycemic control
laboratory test
medication compliance
nurse
physician
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 335
TITLE
Ability of a clinical pharmacist to make drug therapy interventions using
email in patients with advanced heart failure and ventricular-assist devices
AUTHOR NAMES
Jennings D.L.
Lekura J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jennings D.L.; Lekura J.) Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.L. Jennings, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e256-e257). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Inpatient clinical pharmacists are often required to provide
coverage to multiple patient care teams and are often limited in their
ability to interface directly with physicians when suggesting drug therapy
recommendations. This project explores email as a potential medium for
pharmacists to communicate interventions with prescribers. METHODS: This
retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted at an urban, academic
teaching hospital where one clinical pharmacist is responsible for the daily
pharmaceutical care for the inpatient advanced heart failure (AHF), cardiac
intensive care unit (ICU), and cardiothoracic ICU teams. If the pharmacist
identified a potential drug therapy problem and couldn't make direct
face-to-face contact with the attending physician, the intervention was
attempted via an email communication. Eligible patients for this project
were admitted to the AHF team between December 1st, 2010 and July 31st, 2011
and had at least one attempted email intervention. Data collection included
patient demographics, past medical history, and the suggested intervention
from the clinical pharmacist. The primary outcome was the number of
interventions accepted by the physicians during the study period, while the
secondary endpoint was the time between the suggested intervention and the
physician email response. RESULTS: A total of 51 email interventions were
attempted on 29 patients (mean age = 53, 24% caucasian, 59% male, 69% LVAD).
Overall, 44 of the total 51 number of interventions were accepted (86.3%).
The average physician time to a physician response email was 41 minutes. The
most frequent type of interventions were starting therapy (33%) and changing
dose, route or frequency (33%). The most common drug classes involved in
email interventions were ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers
(15.7%), loop diuretics (9.8%), and antiplatelet agents (7.8%). CONCLUSIONS:
Clinical pharmacists with well-established physician relationships can
effectively implement timely drug therapy recommendations using email
communications in patients with advanced heart failure or ventricular assist
devices.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antithrombocytic agent
loop diuretic agent
receptor blocking agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
e-mail
heart failure
human
patient
pharmacist
ventricular assist device
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Caucasian
hospital patient
information processing
intensive care unit
interpersonal communication
left ventricular assist device
male
medical history
patient care
pharmaceutical care
physician
teaching hospital
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 336
TITLE
A study on potential role of pharmacists in home health drug related problem
management in India
AUTHOR NAMES
Chaudhari A.D.
Patel P.R.
Leuva P.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chaudhari A.D.; Patel P.R.; Leuva P.A.) Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College,
Mehsana, Mehsana, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.D. Chaudhari, Shri Sarvajanik Pharmacy College, Mehsana, Mehsana, India.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e285). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Provision of pharmaceutical care at home is more suitable
environment, getting to know the patient and assessing the level of support
required in medication use is an expanding role for pharmacist. METHODS: To
assess the scenario of medication use at home, a survey was designed to
assess medicine literacy, medication knowledge and willingness of clients at
home for receiving home care pharmaceutical services. A set of questions in
local language was drafted to collect adult literacy in medicine using
REALMR. The medication knowledge assessment form was provided to 200
randomly selected subjects in rural community. RESULTS: Among the 200
participants, 120 (60%) were males and 80 (40%) were females. The mean age
of the respondents was 42.5 years. Forty-eight (24%) were illiterate, 92
(46%) were higher secondary. Medicine literacy assessed using REALM-R mean
score was found to be 6.24 out of 11 words. In medication knowledge
assessment mean number of medications per patient was 1.88. Among the basic
medication knowledge, they were able to answer correctly at the average of
4.1. As many as 91.4% of the medications were stored in room temperature.
Willingness to know more about medication usage amounted to mean score was
found to be 8.82 out of 10. CONCLUSION: From the data gathered it can be
deduced that medication knowledge and adult medicine literacy among Indian
population is less and needs pharmacist to take adequate measure to educate
clients on medication use and one such way is through home pharmaceutical
care. This also provides an opportunity for identify roles and rapport with
patient for provision of effective care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
health
human
India
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
drug therapy
environment
female
home care
Indian
language
male
patient
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
population
reading
room temperature
rural population
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 337
TITLE
Beyond heart failure: Comprehensive review to improve the care of heart
failure (HF) patients by clinical pharmacist at the Portland Veterans
Affairs Medical Center (PVAMC)
AUTHOR NAMES
Nigro S.J.
Floeter A.E.
Singh H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nigro S.J.; Floeter A.E.; Singh H.) Oregon State University, Oregon Health
Science University, College of Pharmacy, Portland, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.J. Nigro, Oregon State University, Oregon Health Science University,
College of Pharmacy, Portland, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e281). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) patients present with multiple competing
comorbidities which results in polypharmacy - leading to non-compliance,
drug-drug and drug-disease interactions. A comprehensive drug therapy review
is important to screen for response to therapy, drug interactions, or
contraindications to medications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this project is to
improve quality of care for HF patients by providing a comprehensive review
of medications and comorbidities. METHODS: Medical records of patients
managed by the pharmacist- run HF clinic over the past year were abstracted.
Patients with only one clinic visit were excluded from the analysis. A chart
audit form was developed to assess quality of care in five areas: laboratory
monitoring, medication reconciliation, referrals to specialty clinics,
recommendations to primary care providers (PCPs), and medication
adjustments. All HF clinic notes between the present day and the date of
first clinic visit were reviewed to quantify interventions. Data were
analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: In the past year, 41
patients were seen by the pharmacist. To date, electronic medical records of
35 patients were screened. Of those, three patients had only one clinic
visit and were excluded from analysis, leaving 32 for further evaluation. A
total of 51 recommendations were made to PCPs, of which 29 (57%) were acted
on by the PCP resulting in therapy adjustments. Nineteen patients (59%)
required updated laboratory values to assess comorbidities. Among these
patients, 9 (47%) received therapy modifications to control comorbidities.
Referrals were made when indicated. Fifteen patients (47%) received at least
one referral and were subsequently scheduled with a specialty clinic.
Medication reconciliation identified 38 drug-related problems which were all
resolved with therapy adjustments. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical pharmacist
trained in HF management provided effective comprehensive care. Our results
demonstrate the quality of care pharmacists provide to manage this
challenging disease.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
heart failure
human
patient
pharmacist
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug induced disease
drug interaction
drug therapy
electronic medical record
hospital
laboratory
medical audit
medical record
medication therapy management
monitoring
polypharmacy
primary medical care
statistics
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 338
TITLE
Tobacco use and cessation counseling in India-data from the Global Health
Professions Students Survey, 2005-09
AUTHOR NAMES
Surani N.S.
Pednekar M.S.
Sinha D.N.
Singh G.
Warren C.W.
Asma S.
Gupta P.C.
Singh P.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Surani N.S.; Pednekar M.S., pednekarm@healis.org; Gupta P.C.)
Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai, India.
(Sinha D.N.; Singh P.K.) World Health Organization, Regional Office for
South-East Asia, New Delhi, India.
(Singh G.) School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India.
(Warren C.W.; Asma S.) US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.S. Pednekar, Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, Navi Mumbai,
India. Email: pednekarm@healis.org
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Cancer (2012) 49:4 (425-430). Date of Publication:
October-December 2012
ISSN
0019-509X
1998-4774 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, B9, Kanara Business Centre, off
Link Road, Ghatkopar (E), Mumbai, India.
ABSTRACT
Context: Tobacco use by health professionals reflects the failure of
healthcare systems in protecting not only beneficiaries of the system but
also those involved in health care delivery. Aim: The aim of this study was
to report findings from the Global Health Professions Students Survey
(GHPSS) conducted in medical, dental, nursing and pharmacy schools in India.
Settings and Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Indian dental
and medical schools (in 2009), nursing (in 2007), and pharmacy (in 2008)
schools. Materials and Methods: Anonymous, self-administered GHPSS
questionnaire covering demographics, tobacco use prevalence, secondhand
smoke (SHS) exposure, desire to quit smoking and training received to
provide cessation counseling to patients was used. Statistical Analysis:
Proportions and prevalence were computed using SUDAAN and SPSS 15.0.
Results: Current cigarette smoking and other tobacco use ranged from
3.4-13.4% and 4.5-11.6% respectively, in the four health professional
schools, with the highest numbers for medical schools and males. Enforcement
of smoking ban in medical schools was low (53%) compared to nursing (86.4%),
pharmacy (85.5%), and dental (90.8%) schools. Ninety percent students
thought health professionals have a role in giving smoking cessation advice
to their patients. Three out of five current smokers wanted to quit.
However, one out of two reported receiving help/advice to quit. Although all
expressed the need, 29.1-54.8% students received cessation training in their
schools. Conclusion: Tobacco control policy, cessation training and
initiatives to help students quit smoking should be undertaken.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
counseling
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cross-sectional study
dental student
exposure
health practitioner
health survey
human
medical school
nursing student
passive smoking
patient counseling
pharmacy student
sampling
smoking ban
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013226813
MEDLINE PMID
23442408 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23442408)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-509X.107751
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 339
TITLE
Main challenges facing the pharmaceutical sector in Buchanan County,
Virginia: a pilot study.
AUTHOR NAMES
Gavaza P.
Yan W.
Campbell J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gavaza P.) Appalachian College of Pharmacy, Oakwood, Virginia, USA.
(Yan W.; Campbell J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Gavaza, Appalachian College of Pharmacy, Oakwood, Virginia, USA. Email:
pgavaza@gmail.com
SOURCE
Rural and remote health (2012) 12:4 (2125). Date of Publication: Oct 2012
ISSN
1445-6354 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Little is known about the challenges facing the pharmaceutical sector in
rural counties in the USA. The aim of this pilot study is to determine the
main challenges facing the pharmaceutical sector and suggestions for
improving the sector in Buchanan County, a poor and marginalized county in
Central Appalachia, Virginia. This cross-sectional study used the drop-by
survey based on the first step of the modified Delphi Interview Technique. A
convenience sample of healthcare professionals in Buchanan County were asked
to complete a self-administered survey instrument between May and August
2011. A total of 16 healthcare professionals including six pharmacists
completed the survey. The respondents had worked for an average of 13.4
(SD=10.7) years in the County (range: 1-33 years). The main challenges
facing the pharmaceutical sector were drug abuse (n=11), doctor shopping by
patients (n=9), early refills (n=7) and drug shortage (n=6). Respondents
suggested increased patient education by pharmacists (n=6) and better
coordination and communication between pharmacy and doctor (n=6) to improve
the pharmaceutical sector in the County. Drug abuse, doctor shopping, early
refills and drug shortage are the main challenges facing the pharmaceutical
sector in Buchanan County. Concerted efforts are required to solve these
problems. More research is required to confirm these findings.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
Delphi study
health care personnel
health care quality
pharmacy
rural health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (epidemiology)
article
clinical competence
cross-sectional study
female
human
inappropriate prescribing
male
manpower
methodology
pilot study
poverty
psychological aspect
questionnaire
rural population
socioeconomics
standard
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23140593 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23140593)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 340
TITLE
Pharmacist's role in dispensing opioids for acute and chronic pain
AUTHOR NAMES
Marlowe K.F.
Geiler R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Marlowe K.F., marlokf@auburn.edu) Pharmacy Practice Department, Auburn
University, Harrison School of Pharmacy, AL, United States.
(Marlowe K.F., marlokf@auburn.edu) Department of Internal Medicine,
University of South Alabama, School of Medicine, AL 36688, United States.
(Geiler R.) Auburn University, Harrison School of Pharmacy, AL, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.F. Marlowe, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Alabama,
School of Medicine, AL 36688, United States. Email: marlokf@auburn.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:5 (497-502). Date of Publication:
October 2012
ISSN
0897-1900
1531-1937 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Pain continues to be a serious health care concern in the United States.
Patients with chronic pain experience the impact of the disease throughout
their lives including their social interactions, family relationships, and
in many cases economic productivity. Multiple surveys have found that many
pharmacists hold misconceptions regarding opioids, pain disease states, and
their understandings of current regulations. Multiple barriers affect the
ability of pharmacists to deliver care to patients' prescribed opioid
therapy. Inadequate communication between health care professionals and
patients is one of the hurdles, which prevents quality care. Increased
communication between health care providers including access to health
information is one step, which is crucial to improving provision of
pharmacotherapy. Finally, the quality of educational opportunities relative
to opioids and pain management specifically for pharmacists needs to be
increased, and consideration needs to be given for making appropriate pain
management education mandatory. © The Author(s) 2012.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hydrocodone (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacoeconomics)
methadone (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacoeconomics)
morphine (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacoeconomics)
oxycodone (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain (drug therapy, disease management, drug therapy)
drug delivery system
health care delivery
pain (drug therapy, disease management, drug therapy)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cancer pain (drug therapy)
communication skill
drug cost
drug efficacy
drug indication
drug release
drug safety
economic evaluation
health care access
health care personnel
health care quality
health education
health survey
human
medical ethics
medical information
medical practice
opiate addiction
palliative therapy
patient care
personal autonomy
pharmacy
practice guideline
prescription
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012569782
MEDLINE PMID
23011961 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23011961)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010379710
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 341
TITLE
Implementation of a medication reconciliation service in a primary care
clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Chasse A.N.
Armor B.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chasse A.N.; Armor B.L.) University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy,
Oklahoma City, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.N. Chasse, University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e281). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential role of pharmacists and student
pharmacists in conducting medication reconciliation services in a primary
care clinic. The requirement for health systems to conduct medication
reconciliation provides both an educational and service opportunity for
pharmacists. This service is part of an existing learning experience for
students and residents designed to improve patient interview skills,
identify medication discrepancies, identify and resolve drug related
problems. METHODS: Clinic staff identified recently discharged patients and
contacted them to participate in a onetime medication reconciliation visit
with a pharmacist. Patients were scheduled prior to the hospital follow-up
visit with the physician. Medication discrepancies and recommendations for
resolving drug related problems were communicated with the physician.
RESULTS: Thirty seven patients were seen between September 2011 and May
2012. Interventions were categorized into twelve actions that could be
performed to prevent adverse drug events and unwanted outcomes. The most
common interventions were non adherence/underuse (8), order lab (10) and
identifying untreated medical problems (8). The most common actions taken
were to discontinue a prescription (8), new prescription (6), order tests
(8) and education (12). The types of lab tests that were ordered included
blood pressure, blood glucose, thyroid levels, potassium and CBC.
CONCLUSIONS: Primary care based pharmacists and student pharmacists can
identify and resolve drug related problems during the transition between
hospital and home. At least one intervention was detected for each patient.
Having access to medical records in outpatient and hospital databases and
having the drug knowledge necessary to address interventions allowed us to
evaluate the drug therapy needs of patients in this transition. Future plans
include tracking outcomes of the service, particularly for reduced
readmission rates.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
potassium
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
medication therapy management
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
blood pressure
data base
drug therapy
education
follow up
glucose blood level
health care
hospital readmission
human
interview
learning
medical record
outpatient
patient
pharmacist
physician
prescription
skill
student
thyroid gland
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 342
TITLE
Medication management: A case of brown bag-identified medication hoarding
AUTHOR NAMES
Martinez M.L.
Griend J.P.V.
Linnebur S.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Martinez M.L.; Griend J.P.V.; Linnebur S.A., sunny.linnebur@ucdenver.edu)
University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, 12850 E. Montview Boulevard,
Mailstop C238, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.A. Linnebur, University of Colorado, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, 12850 E. Montview
Boulevard, Mailstop C238, Aurora, CO 80045, United States. Email:
sunny.linnebur@ucdenver.edu
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2012) 27:10 (729-736). Date of Publication: October
2012
ISSN
0888-5109
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, 1321 Duke Street, Alexandria,
United States.
ABSTRACT
A 91-year-old woman living independently in the community presented along
with her son for a medication therapy management (MTM) appointment with the
clinical pharmacist at the University of Colorado Hospital Seniors Clinic.
The purpose of the visit was to review the patient's medications, perform
medication reconciliation, and identify ways to increase proper medication
management. As requested for the MTM appointment, the patient and her son
brought in several large bags of her over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription
medications from her home, including those that she was not currently
taking. The clinical pharmacist reviewed the medications and found multiple
instances of duplicate therapies, nonadherence, discrepancies in her
medication regimen, cost concerns, and other drug-therapy problems. In
addition, the pharmacist's evaluation showed that the patient had been
hoarding more than 100 medications, which increased her risk for
drug-related problems. Most of the OTC and some prescription medications
were voluntarily removed from the patient's possession to reduce the
likelihood of potential overuse of medications. The pharmacist educated the
patient and her son regarding her updated medication list and how to
properly manage her medications. Finally, the patient's son volunteered to
help his mother with medication management or hire someone to assist her.
This case demonstrates the usefulness of requesting all medications -
including OTC and prescription, active and inactive medications - be brought
to the MTM appointment. The case also supports the need for family support
for older adults struggling with managing polypharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medication therapy management
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
bradycardia
case report
drug cost
drug hypersensitivity
female
health education
human
medical record
obsessive hoarding
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
prescription
treatment refusal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012642137
MEDLINE PMID
23045330 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23045330)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2012.729
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 343
TITLE
Lost in transition: The benefit of interdisciplinary home-based care
following hospitalization
AUTHOR NAMES
Borzadek E.Z.
Holmes J.T.
Krawtz D.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Borzadek E.Z.; Holmes J.T.; Krawtz D.B.) Departments of Family Medicine and
Pharmacy Practice, Idaho State University, Pocatello, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.Z. Borzadek, Departments of Family Medicine and Pharmacy Practice, Idaho
State University, Pocatello, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2012) 32:10 (e269). Date of Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, ACCP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Hollywood, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-10-21 to 2012-10-24
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Idaho has the lowest national 30-day re-hospitalization rate for
Medicare beneficiaries at 13.3%, which may be misleading due to limited
access to care. A home-based Transition of Care (TOC) clinic was developed
to provide safe and effective transitions from acute care to home by
utilizing a unique interdisciplinary team of nurse practitioner, clinical
pharmacist, and health professions students with electronic medial record
(EMR) access in the home; drug-related problems (DRPs) were identified.
METHODS: An office-based interdisciplinary TOC clinic was developed in 2006
but evolved into a semi-weekly home-based service in 2011 due to high
no-show rates and an inability to thoroughly identify and resolve DRPs.
Enrollment criteria for the home-based TOC program included inpatient
hospitalization > 48 hours, age ≥ 65 and one additional risk factor (e.g. ≥
2 hospitalizations in the past 6 months, ≥ 2 chronic illnesses,
polypharmacy, ≥ 2 medication changes, documented history of poor adherence).
Services provided were assessment for DRPs, medication counseling and
reconciliation, personal medication record development, clinical assessment,
depression/dementia screening, fall risk assessment, and assistance with
advanced directives. An interim retrospective EMR chart abstraction of
documented hospital follow-up was performed to compare DRPs identified at
TOC and provider office visits. RESULTS: From October 17, 2011 to June 15,
2012, there were 55 home-based TOC encounters. Interim analysis identified
2.6 DRPs documented per TOC clinic encounter compared to 0.6 DRPs per
provider office encounter (p=0.023). The most common DRPs in TOC clinic were
secondary to unintentional/intentional non-adherence, incomplete/inaccurate
discharge instructions, therapy duplication, and
provider-provider/provider-patient miscommunication. A 12-month analysis of
identified and classified DRPs and 30-day re-hospitalization rates will be
presented. CONCLUSION: An interdisciplinary home-based TOC clinic is
effective at identifying DRPs. Although cost-prohibitive in many areas,
interdisciplinary home-visit TOC delivery should be further explored.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
hospitalization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
chronic disease
clinical assessment
counseling
drug therapy
emergency care
fall risk assessment
follow up
health
hospital
hospital patient
human
medicare
nurse practitioner
occupation
patient
pharmacist
polypharmacy
professional practice
risk factor
screening
student
therapy
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01219
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 344
TITLE
Abstracts of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society, RPS Annual Conference 2012
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 20 SUPPL. 2. Date of
Publication: October 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society, RPS Annual Conference 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Birmingham, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-09-09 to 2012-09-10
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 108 papers. The topics discussed include:
implications of preventable medicines related hospital admission: older
patients' perspective; improving drug-related problems in oncology through
technology: preferences of Asian patients with cancer; teach back - a useful
communication tool for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians?; enhancing
pharmacists' clinical management of nausea and vomiting in patients with
cancer through a new SMS-based pathway in Asia; how do patients with
osteoporosis make sense of the local decision making process for the
development of osteoporosis management guidelines?; exploring nursing home
managers' attitudes and beliefs towards end of life and palliative care for
residents; distribution of community pharmacies and deprivation in Wales;
public health: is community pharmacy ready for a new commissioning
landscape; and an international systematic review to assess interventions
aimed at optimising antibiotic prescribing practices.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care organization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Asia
Asian
community
decision making
hospital admission
human
interpersonal communication
landscape
manager
nausea and vomiting
neoplasm
nursing home
oncology
osteoporosis
palliative therapy
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy technician
public health
systematic review
systematic review (topic)
technology
United Kingdom
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 345
TITLE
College of pharmacy-based medication therapy management program for a
university system
AUTHOR NAMES
Stratton T.P.
Cernohous T.
Hager K.
Bumgardner M.
Traynor A.
Worley M.M.
Isetts B.J.
Larson T.
Seifert R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stratton T.P., tstratto@d.umn.edu) College of Pharmacy, University of
Minnesota, Duluth, 232 Life Science, 1110 Kirby Dr., Duluth, MN 55812,
United States.
(Cernohous T.; Seifert R.) Essentia Health, Duluth, MN, United States.
(Cernohous T.; Hager K.; Bumgardner M.; Traynor A.; Worley M.M.) College of
Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, United States.
(Bumgardner M.) Abts Health Mart Pharmacy, Julesburg, CO, United States.
(Traynor A.) School of Pharmacy, Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, WI,
United States.
(Worley M.M.) Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH,
United States.
(Isetts B.J.; Larson T.) College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Twin
Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.P. Stratton, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, 232
Life Science, 1110 Kirby Dr., Duluth, MN 55812, United States. Email:
tstratto@d.umn.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:5 (653-660). Date
of Publication: September-October 2012
ISSN
1544-3191
1544-3450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, 2215 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To document and evaluate the design and operation of a medication
therapy management (MTM) benefit and associated MTM clinic developed by the
University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy as a covered health plan benefit
for University of Minnesota, Duluth (UMD) employees, early retirees, and
their dependents. Setting: Office-based, nondispensing pharmacy at UMD.
Practice description: College of Pharmacy, Duluth faculty developed and
provided MTM services as a covered health benefit for UMD beneficiaries.
Practice innovation: Partnership between a university campus and a college
of pharmacy to design and implement an MTM benefit as part of the university
health plan covering current employees, early retirees, and dependents. Main
outcome measures: MTM benefit design, MTM clinic implementation, patient
complexity comparisons, and drug therapy problems identified and addressed.
Results: Of 1,000 eligible beneficiaries, 68 (∼7%) took advantage of the MTM
benefit, consistent with national participation rates but lower than the 25%
goal for participation. Beneficiaries receiving MTM services were three
times more complex in terms of health resource use than the "typical" UMD
beneficiary and were experiencing 7.22 drug therapy problems per patient.
Conclusion: The UMD MTM clinic was successful in providing UMD beneficiaries
access to MTM services. The MTM benefit was subsequently offered throughout
the entire University of Minnesota system (Crookston, Duluth,
Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Morris).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
medication therapy management
pharmacy
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
aged
article
child
employee
female
health care planning
health care utilization
health insurance
human
major clinical study
male
pensioner
preschool child
school child
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013803426
MEDLINE PMID
23023847 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23023847)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.10050
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 346
TITLE
Substance abuse and suicide risk among adolescents
AUTHOR NAMES
Pompili M.
Serafini G.
Innamorati M.
Biondi M.
Siracusano A.
Di Giannantonio M.
Giupponi G.
Amore M.
Lester D.
Girardi P.
Möller-Leimkühler A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pompili M., maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it; Girardi P.) Department of
Neurosciences, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome,
Italy.
(Pompili M., maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it; Serafini G.) McLean Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, United States.
(Pompili M., maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it; Innamorati M.) Department of
Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs-Sant'Andrea Hospital,
Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039 Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome,
Italy.
(Biondi M.) Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Sapienza
Universita di Roma, Rome, Italy.
(Siracusano A.) Department of Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,
University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
(Di Giannantonio M.) Neuroscience and Imaging Department, University of
Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
(Giupponi G.) Department of Psychiatry, Bolzano, Italy.
(Amore M.) Department of Neurosciences, Division of Psychiatry, University
of Parma, Parma, Italy.
(Lester D.) Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, Pomona, NJ, United
States.
(Möller-Leimkühler A.M.) Department of Psychiatry,
Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Pompili, Department of Neurosciences, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza
University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Email: maurizio.pompili@uniroma1.it
SOURCE
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (2012) 262:6
(469-485). Date of Publication: September 2012
ISSN
0940-1334
1433-8491 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
D. Steinkopff-Verlag, P.O. Box 100462, Darmstadt, Germany.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this paper was to review the literature concerning the
relationship between suicide and substance abuse behaviours among
adolescents, focusing on epidemiology, comorbidity and preventive
programmes. We performed a Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, PsycLit and PsycInfo
search to identify all papers and book chapters during the period between
1980 and 2011. Adolescents with substance abuse disorder who attempt or
complete suicide can be characterized as having mood disorders, stressful
life events, interpersonal problems, poor social support, lonely lives and
feelings of hopelessness. The research supports the existence of a strong
relationship between suicide and substance abuse. Preventive programmes
should be based on the detection of risk factors associated with both
suicide and substance abuse disorder. Management programmes should combine
different therapeutic strategies such as peer-to-peer education,
school-based programmes, psychotherapy and pharmacological treatment.
Evidence suggests that targeted suicide prevention programmes can be
delivered which reduce the burden associated with substance abuse and
suicide in youths. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence (disease management, prevention)
substance abuse
suicide (disease management, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
child behavior
disease association
health program
human
interpersonal stress
mood disorder
peer group
priority journal
risk factor
social support
stress
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012577536
MEDLINE PMID
23304731 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23304731)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-012-0292-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 347
TITLE
Uncovering the neurobehavioural comorbidities of epilepsy over the lifespan
AUTHOR NAMES
Lin J.J.
Mula M.
Hermann B.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lin J.J.) Department of Neurology, University of California at Irvine,
Irvine, CA, United States.
(Mula M.) Department of Neurology, Amedeo Avogadro University, Novara,
Italy.
(Hermann B.P., hermann@neurology.wisc.edu) Department of Neurology,
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland
Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2281, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.P. Hermann, Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705-2281,
United States. Email: hermann@neurology.wisc.edu
SOURCE
The Lancet (2012) 380:9848 (1180-1192). Date of Publication: September 2012
ISSN
0140-6736
1474-547X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Limited, 32 Jamestown Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that is complicated by
psychiatric, cognitive, and social comorbidities that have become a major
target of concern and investigation in view of their adverse effect on the
course and quality of life. In this report we define the specific
psychiatric, cognitive, and social comorbidities of paediatric and adult
epilepsy, their epidemiology, and real life effects; examine the relation
between epilepsy syndromes and the risk of neurobehavioural comorbidities;
address the lifespan effect of epilepsy on brain neurodevelopment and brain
ageing and the risk of neurobehavioural comorbidities; consider the
overarching effect of broader brain disorders on both epilepsy and
neurobehavioural comorbidities; examine directions of causality and the
contribution of selected epilepsy-related characteristics; and outline
clinic-friendly screening approaches for these problems and recommended
pharmacological, behavioural, and educational interventions.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
etiracetam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
gabapentin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
lamotrigine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
oxcarbazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
phenobarbital (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
phenytoin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
pregabalin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
tiagabine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
topiramate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
vigabatrin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
zonisamide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antisocial personality disorder
cognitive defect
epilepsy (drug therapy, drug therapy)
mental disease
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aging
agoraphobia
anxiety disorder
apnea
article
asthma
attention deficit disorder
bipolar disorder
brain development
brain disease
chronic pain
comorbidity
conduct disorder
depression
epileptic discharge
fibromyalgia
generalized anxiety disorder
human
lifespan
migraine
mood disorder
motor dysfunction
nerve cell differentiation
neuropathic pain
panic
priority journal
psychosis
sleep disorder
social phobia
social psychology
substance abuse
suicidal ideation
traumatic brain injury
tremor
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
etiracetam (102767-28-2, 33996-58-6)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
lamotrigine (84057-84-1)
oxcarbazepine (28721-07-5)
phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
pregabalin (148553-50-8)
tiagabine (115103-54-3, 115103-55-4)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
vigabatrin (60643-86-9)
zonisamide (68291-97-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012565707
MEDLINE PMID
23021287 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23021287)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61455-X
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 348
TITLE
Bio-energy (prano-practice): Integrator of medical and psychological
treatments-in relation to drug dependence and senile age
AUTHOR NAMES
Gabriele L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gabriele L.) ALARO Association, Nigeria.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Gabriele, ALARO Association, Nigeria.
SOURCE
European Journal of Integrative Medicine (2012) 4 SUPPL. 1 (113). Date of
Publication: September 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
5th European Congress for Integrative Medicine
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Florence, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-09-21 to 2012-09-22
ISSN
1876-3820
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier GmbH
ABSTRACT
Bio-energy (prano-practice) is especially useful regarding prevention,
maintenance of health, and in other cases where stress and anxiety have to
be equilibrated. Analysing the results obtained through various projects in
communities recovering from drug dependence and in Senior Centres,
bio-energy, provided great support and is a valid technique to be integrated
into the work of educators and doctors. It has an 'indirect' influence, has
shown visible results as per energetic and homeopathic increase in cases of
headache, cervical pain, lumbarsacral pain, anxiety, stress and insomnia and
has produced interesting, important effects, as reported by patients and
educators, that is, reduction of pharmaceutical products. This result should
make the Public Administration consider the positive effects of bio-energy
for reducing expenses of the public health sector, by introducing this
natural wellness therapy into the orthodox procedures. Bio-energy
(prano-practice) can be used to improve psycho-physical wellness and improve
the general energetic status of the treated persons and can improve quality
of life. Particularly in the Senior Centres, this method showed a reduction
of anxiety and nervous stress, providing more serenity, an increase in
emotional stability and capacity of concentration, an increase in
psycho-energetic strength and general psychophysical tone and improvement in
sleep, of the status of humour, and interpersonal relationships to more
positive behaviours and socialisation. It has to be emphasised that if one
person felt better, this led to the whole group having more positive
relationships in harmony. Such important experiences underline the positive
value of bio-energy in such particular cases of targets against stress and
anxiety. Bio-energy (prano-practice) can be useful to re-equilibrate and
energise cases of prevention and maintenance and thus can become an
effective integrator regarding normal medical and psychological therapies.
Prano-practice is part of the health disciplines regulated by the Tuscan
Regional law.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
integrative medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anxiety
community
emotional stability
headache
health
human
human relation
humor
insomnia
mental stress
pain
patient
physician
prevention
procedures
public health
quality of life
sleep
therapy
wellbeing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2012.07.737
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 349
TITLE
Proposal of adaptation of the sheet of pharmaceutical history of Dáder
method for learners
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Propuesta de adaptación de la hoja de historia farmacoterapéutica del método
Dáder para aprendices
AUTHOR NAMES
Amarante L.C.
Shoji L.S.
Freitas K.M.
Rascado R.R.
Silva L.C.
Marques L.A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Amarante L.C., lumarques@unifal-mg.edu.br; Shoji L.S.; Freitas K.M.;
Rascado R.R.; Silva L.C.; Marques L.A.M.) Universidad Federal de Alfenas,
UNIFAL-MG, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Calle Gabriel Monteiro da
Silva, 714, Alfenas-MG, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. C. Amarante, Universidad Federal de Alfenas, UNIFAL-MG, Facultad de
Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Calle Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, Alfenas-MG,
Brazil. Email: lumarques@unifal-mg.edu.br
SOURCE
Revista Cubana de Farmacia (2012) 46:2 (224-239). Date of Publication: 2012
ISSN
0034-7515
1561-2988 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Editorial Ciencias Medicas, Calle E No. 452, entre 19 y 21, Habana, Cuba.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Freitas & Marques proposed a sheet of pharmacotherapeutical
history (SPH) in 2008: the Dáder adaptation (DA). Objective: this study was
aimed at evaluating the applicability of DA compared with Dáder. Methods:
the sheets of pharmacotherapeutical history (SPH) were applied to chronic
users of drugs by pharmacy students. At the end, interviewers attributed
scores ranged from 0 to 5 points to various aspects of their applicability.
The completeness or not of the collected data was also evaluated. Results:
the two SPH were equivalent, because there was no statistically significant
difference for the three questions about the applicability. Conclusions: In
the context of pharmaceutical care, this new sheet of pharmacotherapeutical
history offers possibilities to choose the one that best fits the needs of
the pharmacist.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anamnesis
dader adaptation
dader method
pharmaceutical care
sheet of pharmacotherapeutical history
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug abuse
human
intermethod comparison
normal human
pharmacy student
questionnaire
scoring system
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Spanish
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012479968
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 350
TITLE
Abuse of psychoactive substances: The role of pharmacist
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci: Uloga farmaceuta
AUTHOR NAMES
Dukić M.
Durić A.
Tasić L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dukić M., mirjana.djukic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs) University of Belgrade, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology Akademik Danilo Sodatović, Vojvode
Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
(Durić A.; Tasić L.) University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department
of Social Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Dukić, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of
Toxicology Akademik Danilo Sodatović, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade,
Serbia. Email: mirjana.djukic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs
SOURCE
Arhiv za Farmaciju (2012) 62:2 (179-189). Date of Publication: 2012
ISSN
0004-1963
BOOK PUBLISHER
Farmaceutsko Drustvo Srbije, Bulevar Vojvode Misica 25, P. Fah 664,Beograd,
Serbia.
ABSTRACT
Abuse of psychoactive substances (PAS) is a major health and social
problems, worldwide. The overall population is in direct daily contact with
the PAS and thus, at risk of PAS abuse. Pharmacists have a unique and
comprehensive knowledge about drugs and PAS, as well as, about the adverse
effects of their inappropriate use (abuse). So far, regarding this
problematic, the role of pharmacists, as health promoters, is mostly
recognized in the field of pharmacotherapy and clinico-toxicological
laboratory analysis. However, the role of pharmacists should be recognized
more widely in the society, in the sense of prevention, advisory and
educational role. According to the American model, in this area of work,
pharmacists are responsible for prevention, education and assistance in
overall health and social care system of addicts. Also, this paper gives an
overview of the importance of institutional harmonization in the PAS domain
abuse, at the city, region and state level. Inadequate cooperation at this
level is a immense threat to society, and in the same time, an indicator of
irresponsibility and neglect of the community regarding addiction related
problems.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
article
city
community
drug abuse
health education
laboratory
public health problem
social problem
society
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, unknown
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, unknown
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012410070
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 351
TITLE
A randomised trial of nicotine assisted reduction to stop in pharmacies -
the RedPharm study.
AUTHOR NAMES
Taskila T.
Macaskill S.
Coleman T.
Etter J.F.
Patel M.
Clarke S.
Bridson R.
Aveyard P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Taskila T.) UK Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, Primary Care Clinical
Sciences, School of Health and Population Sciences, Primary Care Clinical
Sciences building, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
(Macaskill S.; Coleman T.; Etter J.F.; Patel M.; Clarke S.; Bridson R.;
Aveyard P.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Taskila, UK Centre for Tobacco Control Studies, Primary Care Clinical
Sciences, School of Health and Population Sciences, Primary Care Clinical
Sciences building, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Email:
t.k.taskila@bham.ac.uk
SOURCE
BMC public health (2012) 12 (182). Date of Publication: 2012
ISSN
1471-2458 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Public policy and clinical treatment in tobacco addiction in the UK has
focused on cessation: an abrupt attempt to stop all cigarettes. However,
recent evidence suggests that allowing more gradual withdrawal from tobacco
or even permanent partial substitution by nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
could lead to net benefits to public health. No jurisdiction has introduced
smoking reduction programmes in normal clinical care and the best methods
for their implementation is uncertain. Community pharmacists offering
smoking cessation services in the UK are ideally placed to implement
reduction programmes.This pilot study aims therefore to examine the
feasibility of implementing smoking reduction programme in pharmacies, and
also to see if behavioural support and a longer treatment affect the success
rate for cessation. This is a 2 × 2 randomised factorial trial of
behavioural support versus no support and short versus standard length
reduction programme. The pharmacists will recruit 16 patients per pharmacy,
160 smokers altogether. Pharmacists will randomise each participant by
sealed envelopes. In a standard supported programme, the pharmacist will
give support for 34 weeks, inviting participants to set a treatment goal and
providing advice on how to reduce cigarette use. Participants in the short
programme will be given the same advice on how to reduce but will reduce
smoking over four weeks. Participants in the no support arms will be given a
leaflet that describes the reduction programmes in 4-week and 34-week
format. All participants are encouraged to use of NRT to support the
reduction. These processes will be measured by recording the number of
recruited smokers; percentage of those who reduce and sustain their
consumption to at least 50% of baseline value, and the proportion of people
who attain 4 weeks abstinence and 6 months abstinence. Interviews will
assess smokers' and pharmacists' views on the way the programme ran. This is
a pilot study to assess the feasibility of offering smoking reduction
programme within pharmacies that offer naturalistic setting to show
population benefit from these programmes. Findings from this trial will
inform the development of evidence-based treatment for smokers who want to
reduce and best approaches to engage reluctant quitters onto the programme.
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN 2010-019259-24.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine gum
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
counseling
patient education
pharmacy
smoking (prevention)
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
feasibility study
human
methodology
pilot study
randomized controlled trial
treatment outcome
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine gum (96055-45-7)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22410103 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22410103)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-182
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 352
TITLE
Experience with a drug screening program at a school of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Cates M.E.
Hogue M.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cates M.E., mecates@samford.edu; Hogue M.D.) Department of Pharmacy
Practice, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, 800 Lakeshore
Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Cates, Department of Pharmacy Practice, McWhorter School of Pharmacy,
Samford University, 800 Lakeshore Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229, United
States. Email: mecates@samford.edu
SOURCE
Journal of American College Health (2012) 60:6 (476-480). Date of
Publication: 1 Aug 2012
ISSN
0744-8481
1940-3208 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
Substance use and abuse among pharmacy students is a concern of pharmacy
schools, boards of pharmacy, and training sites alike. Pharmacy students
must complete approximately 30% of their academic coursework in experiential
settings such as community pharmacies, hospitals, and other health systems
as part of any accredited pharmacy school's curriculum, and these training
sites are starting to require drug testing of pharmacy students as part of
their contractual agreements with schools of pharmacy. The authors describe
the implementation of a mandatory random urine drug screening program at
their school as well as the changes that occurred owing to assessment of the
program. The authors report the basic results to date of the drug screening
program. The authors also speculate on secondary benefits of the drug
screening program. Finally, the authors describe current and future
evaluations that they are undertaking regarding this program. © 2012 Taylor
and Francis Group, LLC.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
street drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis)
pharmacy student
program development
school
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health care quality
human
information processing
malpractice
methodology
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
22857140 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22857140)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2012.688780
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 353
TITLE
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Toward Smoking Cessation among Hospital
Pharmacists in Taiwan
AUTHOR NAMES
Chang J.-C.
Lee Y.-Y.
Kuo L.-N.
Hsiao P.-Y.
Chen H.-Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chang J.-C.; Lee Y.-Y.; Kuo L.-N.; Hsiao P.-Y.; Chen H.-Y.,
shawn@tmu.edu.tw) School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,
Taiwan.
(Chang J.-C.; Lee Y.-Y.; Kuo L.-N.; Chen H.-Y., shawn@tmu.edu.tw) Department
of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Wan Fang Medical Center, Taipei,
Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.-Y. Chen, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing
Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan. Email: shawn@tmu.edu.tw
SOURCE
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine (2012) 4:4 (249-254). Date of
Publication: August 2012
ISSN
1878-3317
1878-3325 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Taiwan LLC, 96 Chung Shan North Road, Section 2, Taipei, Taiwan.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Prior studies on pharmacists and smoking cessation have focused on
community-based professionals. The purpose of this study was to survey the
knowledge, attitude, and practice of smoking cessation of hospital-based
pharmacists in Taiwan. Methods: Pharmacists of 23 hospitals in Taiwan were
sampled using stratified randomization. A questionnaire included 10
multiple-choice questions that measured knowledge about smoking cessation,
10 questions on attitude using a five-point scale, and 10 questions on
practice using a five-point scale. Results: A total of 769 participants
completed the survey questionnaire. The valid response rate was 70.88%,
among which 688 participants (89.5%) had never smoked, 50 (6.5%) were former
smokers, and 31 (4.0%) current smokers. Only 211 pharmacists (28.74%)
received education, at least once, on assisting patients with smoking
cessation. The mean score on the knowledge section of the questionnaire was
5.12 ± 2.36. Nonsmoking pharmacists had a more positive attitude toward
their role in smoking cessation than current smokers (38.98 ± 4.64 vs. 36.58
± 5.54, p < 0.05). Approximately 10% of the pharmacists actively assessed a
patient's smoking status, provided information, or assisted patients in
smoking cessation prior to the survey time. Conclusion: The smoking rate
among hospital pharmacists in Taiwan was 4%, which was significantly lower
than that of 20% of the general population. Future efforts should include
education and training, encouraging pharmacists who are current smokers to
stop smoking, and actively assisting patients in smoking cessation.
Addressing tobacco dependence should be part of the standard of care for
pharmacists as well as education on smoking cessation. © 2012.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacist
pharmacist
pharmacist attitude
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical practice
female
health care survey
human
male
paramedical education
patient care
patient education
priority journal
smoking
structured questionnaire
Taiwan
tobacco dependence
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012523212
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecm.2012.06.003
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 354
TITLE
Safety of non-prescription medications: Knowledge and attitude of community
pharmacy customers in saudi arabia
AUTHOR NAMES
Aljadhey H.
Assiri G.
Adam M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Aljadhey H.; Assiri G.; Adam M.) Medication Safety Research Dep., King Saud
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Aljadhey, Medication Safety Research Dep., King Saud University, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia.
SOURCE
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2012) 21 SUPPL. 3 (227). Date of
Publication: August 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
28th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk
Management, ICPE 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Barcelona, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-08-23 to 2012-08-26
ISSN
1053-8569
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: The use of prescription medications as over the counter (OTC )
is an increasing and under-recognized problem that can lead to death and
poisoning associated with abuse and misuse, antibiotics resistance and
misuse, adverse drug reactions, drug dependence, hospitalization and drug-
drug interactions. Objectives: The objective of the study was to measure the
frequency of dispensing prescription and non- prescription medications,
customers' knowledge and attitude toward medication safety, measure the
frequency of illegally dispensing prescription medications without a
prescription in community pharmacies in Riyadh city and customers' source
and access to medical information. Methods: This prospective cross sectional
study was conducted at community pharmacies in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.
Over 4 weeks (May - June) 2011, Five pharmacy students collected 428 self
administered questionnaires from customers who were buying prescription or
non- prescription medications. Results: A total of 428 patients participated
in the survey. Out of 203 patients had non-prescription medications, 89
patients obtain their medications as OTC although they need prescription.
The percentage of dispensing medication without prescription to the total of
prescription medications is 30%. More than 66% patient knows that there
should be a prescription for their prescription medications. The reason for
buying medication without prescription was not avoiding the cost of doctors'
visits. The source of medications information in the majority of patient 80%
are doctors or pharmacists. Conclusions: Dispensing prescription medications
as OTC was inappropriate. Although knowledge and attitude of customers
toward safe use of non prescription medications show safe attitude, but
there were misuse and abuse and an exchange of psychiatric and other
medications in large quantities. There should be control and restriction of
medications including quantities dispensed and not limiting it to
antibiotics only, but also medications that are in the risk of misuse by the
patient.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
drug therapy
pharmacoepidemiology
pharmacy
prescription
risk management
safety
Saudi Arabia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adverse drug reaction
city
cross-sectional study
death
drug dependence
drug interaction
hospitalization
human
intoxication
medical information
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
physician
questionnaire
risk
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.3324
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 355
TITLE
Gabapentin effect on pain associated with heroin withdrawal in Iranian
crack: A randomized double-blind clinical trial
AUTHOR NAMES
Behnam B.
Semnani V.
Saghafi N.
Ghorbani R.
Shori M.D.
Choobmasjedi S.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Behnam B.; Saghafi N.) Psychiatry Group, Semnan University of Medical
Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
(Semnani V., vahidsemnani1345@yahoo.com) Pathology Department, Semnan
University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
(Ghorbani R.) Epidemiology Group, Semnan University of Medicine, Semnan,
Iran.
(Shori M.D.; Choobmasjedi S.G.) Semnan University of Medical Sciences,
Semnan, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Semnani, Pathology Department, Semnan University of Medical Sciences,
Semnan, Iran. Email: vahidsemnani1345@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2012) 11:3 (979-983). Date of
Publication: August 2012
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Gabapentin seems to be a safe and well tolerated medication for treating
heroine dependence. This study examined the efficacy of gabapentin for
relieving withdrawal-related pain due to heroin use. Sixty men were
recruited from an inpatient psychiatric ward of Fatemieh hospital in Semnan
and randomized to receive either placebo (n = 30) or gabapentin (1800
mg/day) (n = 30) for 7 days. Subjective Opioid Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) was
measured as a self-administered scale for grading body pain at baseline, and
on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7. Mean of pain score had a significant decrease
trend in both gabapentin and placebo groups. Pain severity during the most
of detoxification duration was significantly lower in gabapentin group
compared with the placebo group. It is suggested that gabapentin may have an
effective role in removing heroin withdrawal-related pain. © 2012 by School
of PharmacyShaheed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
gabapentin (clinical trial, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
clonidine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug withdrawal
heroin dependence
pain (drug therapy, drug therapy)
withdrawal related pain (drug therapy, drug therapy)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
article
bedtime dosage
controlled study
detoxification
disease severity
double blind procedure
drug efficacy
human
Iran
major clinical study
male
pain assessment
randomized controlled trial
treatment duration
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012488851
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 356
TITLE
A clinical knowledge measurement tool to assess the ability of community
pharmacists to detect drug-related problems
AUTHOR NAMES
Williams M.
Peterson G.M.
Tenni P.C.
Bindoff I.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Williams M., Mackenzie.Williams@utas.edu.au; Peterson G.M.; Tenni P.C.;
Bindoff I.K.) School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Williams, School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. Email: Mackenzie.Williams@utas.edu.au
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 20:4 (238-248). Date of
Publication: August 2012
ISSN
0961-7671
2042-7174 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press, 1 Lambeth High Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Introduction Drug-related problems (DRPs) are associated with significant
morbidity and mortality, with most DRPs thought to be preventable. Community
pharmacists can detect and either prevent or resolve many of these DRPs. A
survey-based clinical knowledge measurement tool was designed and validated
to estimate a community pharmacist's clinical knowledge and ability to
detect and appropriately resolve DRPs. Methods Nine clinical cases with
seven multiple-choice statements (63 statements in total) were constructed,
based on scenarios that were found to occur frequently in Australian
community pharmacies. The statements aimed to assess a pharmacist's ability
to identify, gather relevant information about and make appropriate
recommendations to resolve, a DRP. The survey was pilot tested with 18
academics at three Australian pharmacy schools, resulting in the removal of
23 statements. The survey was then administered to undergraduate pharmacy
students (28 fourth-year, 41 third-year and 42 first-year students) and to
433 Australian community pharmacists who were participating in an
intervention documentation trial. The pharmacists' resultant survey scores
were correlated against their actual rate of documenting clinical
interventions. Results The tool had relatively good internal consistency.
Significant differences were seen between the three groups of students (P <
0.01). Community pharmacists with additional clinical qualifications had a
significantly higher score than other participating pharmacists (P < 0.01).
A moderate, but significant, correlation was seen between the pharmacists'
survey score and their clinical intervention rate in practice during the
trial (P < 0.01). Conclusion The clinical knowledge measurement tool
appeared to estimate a pharmacist's ability to detect and resolve DRPs
within the community pharmacy environment. © 2012 Royal Pharmaceutical
Society.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy)
amitriptyline (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
amoxicillin (drug therapy)
atorvastatin
clopidogrel
digoxin
esomeprazole
fluticasone propionate plus salmeterol xinafoate (drug therapy)
furosemide (drug therapy)
glyceryl trinitrate
indapamide (drug combination)
isosorbide mononitrate
isosorbide mononitrate (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
ketoprofen
lercanidipine (adverse drug reaction)
methadone
methotrexate
metronidazole
pantoprazole (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
paracetamol (drug therapy)
paroxetine
perindopril (drug combination)
prednisolone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
ramipril (drug combination)
salbutamol (drug therapy, inhalational drug administration)
tiotropium bromide
tramadol
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical assessment tool
pharmacist
professional knowledge
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abscess (drug therapy)
adult
aged
article
atrial fibrillation
chronic obstructive lung disease
clinical article
coronary artery disease (side effect)
correlation analysis
disease exacerbation (side effect)
female
gastrointestinal hemorrhage (side effect)
heart arrhythmia
heart failure
human
hypertension
iatrogenic disease
leg swelling (drug therapy)
male
medical student
osteoarthritis (drug therapy)
peripheral edema (side effect)
pilot study
priority journal
respiratory tract disease (drug therapy)
thorax pain (drug therapy)
undergraduate student
xerostomia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
amoxicillin (26787-78-0, 34642-77-8, 61336-70-7)
atorvastatin (134523-00-5, 134523-03-8)
clopidogrel (113665-84-2, 120202-66-6, 90055-48-4, 94188-84-8)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
esomeprazole (119141-88-7, 161796-84-5, 202742-32-3, 217087-09-7,
217087-10-0)
furosemide (54-31-9)
glyceryl trinitrate (55-63-0)
indapamide (26807-65-8)
isosorbide 5 nitrate (16051-77-7)
isosorbide mononitrate (1320-91-8)
ketoprofen (22071-15-4, 57495-14-4)
lercanidipine (100427-26-7, 132866-11-6)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
methotrexate (15475-56-6, 59-05-2, 7413-34-5)
metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1)
pantoprazole (102625-70-7)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
perindopril (82834-16-0, 99149-83-4)
prednisolone (50-24-8)
ramipril (87333-19-5)
salbutamol (18559-94-9, 35763-26-9)
tiotropium bromide (136310-93-5)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012402881
MEDLINE PMID
22775520 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22775520)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00188.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 357
TITLE
Computerized physician order entry system combined with on-ward pharmacist:
Analysis of pharmacists' interventions
AUTHOR NAMES
Bedouch P.
Tessier A.
Baudrant M.
Labarere J.
Foroni L.
Calop J.
Bosson J.-L.
Allenet B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bedouch P., pbedouch@chu-grenoble.fr; Tessier A.; Baudrant M.; Foroni L.;
Calop J.; Allenet B.) Pharmacy Department, Grenoble University Hospital,
Grenoble, France.
(Bedouch P., pbedouch@chu-grenoble.fr; Baudrant M.; Labarere J.; Calop J.;
Bosson J.-L.; Allenet B.) UJF-Grenoble 1/CNRS/TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525/Themas,
Grenoble, France.
(Labarere J.) Quality of Care Unit, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble,
France.
(Bosson J.-L.) Clinical Research Centre, Grenoble University Hospital,
Grenoble, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Bedouch, Pôle Pharmacie, Pavillon Vercors, CHU Grenoble, BP 217, 38043
Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Email: pbedouch@chu-grenoble.fr
SOURCE
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice (2012) 18:4 (911-918). Date of
Publication: August 2012
ISSN
1356-1294
1365-2753 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Rationale, aims and objectives: To analyse pharmacists' interventions in a
setting where a computerized physician order entry system (CPOE) is in use
and a pharmacist works on the ward. Method: A prospective cohort study was
conducted in seven wards of a French teaching hospital using CPOE along with
the presence of a full-time on-ward pharmacy resident. We documented the
characteristics of pharmacists' interventions communicated to physicians
during the medication order validation process whenever a drug-related
problem was identified. Independent predictors of the physician's acceptance
of the pharmacist's intervention were assessed using multiple logistic
regression analysis. Results: The 448 pharmacists' interventions concerned:
non-conformity to guidelines or contraindications (22%), too high doses
(19%), drug interactions (15%) and improper administration (15%). The
interventions consisted of changes in drug choice (41%), dose adjustment
(23%), drug monitoring (19%) and optimization of administration (17%).
Interventions were communicated via the CPOE in 57% of cases and 43% orally.
The rate of physicians' acceptance was 79.2%. In multivariate analysis,
acceptance was significantly associated with the physician's status [higher
for residents vs. seniors: OR = 7.23, CI 95 (2.37-22.10), P < 0.01], method
of communication [higher for oral vs. computer communication: OR = 12.5, CI
95 (4.16-37.57), P < 0.01] and type of recommendation [higher for drug
monitoring vs. drug choice recommendations: OR = 10.32, CI 95 (3.20-33.29),
P < 0.01]. Conclusions: When a clinical pharmacist is present on a ward in
which a CPOE is in use, the pharmacists' interventions are well accepted by
physicians. Specific predictors of the acceptance by physicians emerge, but
further research as to the impact of CPOE on pharmacist-physician
communication is needed. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
computerized provider order entry
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
clinical trial
cohort analysis
cooperation
drug monitoring
female
human
major clinical study
male
multivariate logistic regression analysis
physician
practice guideline
prescription
priority journal
teaching hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012381577
MEDLINE PMID
21689216 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21689216)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01704.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 358
TITLE
London 2012: A prompt for pharmacists to learn about managing athletes'
health
AUTHOR NAMES
Prydderch C.
Khideja N.
Berry J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Prydderch C.; Khideja N.; Berry J., j.d.berry@mema.keele.ac-uk) School of
Pharmacy, Keele University, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Berry, School of Pharmacy, Keele University, United Kingdom. Email:
j.d.berry@mema.keele.ac-uk
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2012) 289:7714 (64). Date of Publication: 14 Jul
2012
ISSN
0031-6873
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press, 1 Lambeth High Street, London, United Kingdom.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
athlete
occupational health
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
doping
human
postgraduate education
questionnaire
short survey
sport
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Physiology (2)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012456647
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 359
TITLE
Recovering substance-impaired pharmacists' views regarding occupational
risks for addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Merlo L.J.
Cummings S.M.
Cottler L.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Merlo L.J., lmerlo@ufl.edu; Cummings S.M.; Cottler L.B.) School of
Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
(Merlo L.J., lmerlo@ufl.edu) College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box
100183, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
(Cummings S.M.) Numeroff and Associates, St. Louis, MO, United States.
(Cottler L.B.) College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of
Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.J. Merlo, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100183,
Gainesville, FL 32610, United States. Email: lmerlo@ufl.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:4 (480-491). Date
of Publication: July-August 2012
ISSN
1544-3191
1544-3450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, 2215 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To better understand the occupational risks for substance use
disorders among pharmacists and possibilities for improved prevention.
Design: Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study. Setting: A
southeastern state from December 2008 to April 2009. Participants: 32
participants (72.7% men) from the impaired professionals monitoring groups
in the geographic regions within the state that had the greatest number of
physicians, pharmacists, and allied health professionals currently under
monitoring contracts for substance use disorders. Intervention: Guided group
discussions regarding substance use among health care providers. Main
outcome measures: Persistent occupational risks for development of a
substance use disorder among pharmacists. Results: Several occupational
hazards unique to the pharmacy profession might contribute to the problem of
substance use disorders among some members of this population, including
increased access to potent drugs of abuse, a stressful/unpleasant working
environment, a culture that unofficially condones medication diversion, lack
of education related to addiction, and lack of support for individuals
seeking treatment. Conclusion: These results have important implications for
the education of student pharmacists, the continuing education of licensed
pharmacists, and the management of pharmacies in which these individuals
work. Given the potential occupational risks for substance abuse associated
with the pharmacy profession, additional training, monitoring, changes to
the work environment, and increased confidential access to treatment may be
needed to safeguard pharmacy professionals and the communities they serve.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anxiolytic agent
opiate
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
occupational hazard
pharmacist
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
continuing education
cross-sectional study
female
health care personnel
human
major clinical study
male
medical education
occupational therapist
physician
respiratory therapist
work environment
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013810262
MEDLINE PMID
22825228 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22825228)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.10214
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 360
TITLE
A successful role for a “Pain pharmacist” in a large academic teaching
practice
AUTHOR NAMES
Tishler L.
Matthews M.
Ross E.
Jamison R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tishler L.; Matthews M.; Ross E.; Jamison R.) Brigham and Women's Hospital,
Boston, United States.
(Matthews M.) Mass College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Tishler, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2012) 27 SUPPL. 2 (S514). Date of
Publication: July 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
35th Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, SGIM 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Orlando, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-05-09 to 2012-05-12
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York
ABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM OR QUESTION (ONE SENTENCE): How can teaching practices
help residents and staff learn the best practices for caring for patients
with chronic pain? OBJECTIVES OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION (NO MORE THAN THREE
OBJECTIVES): 1. To help patients with chronic pain in a familiar setting. 2.
To help residents and faculty learn best practices for monitoring patients
on opioids. 3. To facilitate team-based care. DESCRIPTION OF
PROGRAM/INTERVENTION, INCLUDING ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT (E.G. INPATIENT VS.
OUTPATIENT, PRACTICE OR COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS): Our practice is a large
academic teaching practice. Like many teaching practices, we are challenged
by patients with chronic pain. Our desire to help treat their pain is
balanced by our concerns about addiction, aberrant behavior, and drug
diversion. While we have a wonderful consultative pain service, the care of
these patients is often best done in the practice. Yet, particularly for
newer physicians, at both the resident and faculty level, this care can be
quite challenging. Working together with our pain service, we discussed ways
that we might improve patient care.We have had success with a clinical
pharmacist for co-management of chronic diseases and ultimately, the Jen
Center and the pain service decided to try embedding a pharmacist with
particular interest in chronic pain into our practice. Our “pain pharmacist”
comes to the practice one afternoon/week, where she is free to meet with
patients as well as consult with residents and staff. In her downtime in our
practice, she is reviewing our log of patients on chronic opioids and
helping tomake suggestions for better processes and protocols. When she is
not in the practice, she easily and quickly consults with residents,
faculty, and staff via phone or e-mail. She has integrated well and it's
made a huge impact on our practice and resident experience. MEASURES OF
SUCCESS (DISCUSS QUALITATIVE AND/OR QUANTITATIVE METRICSWHICHWILLBE USED
TOEVALUATE PROGRAM/INTERVENTION): We will use the following measures to help
us determine success of the program. These questions speak to both the need
for improved knowledge and process. 1. Treatment of chronic pain is an issue
in my practice (pretest response was 53/59 respondents agreed) 2. I am
confident in my ability to manage chronic pain (pretest: 22/ 59 respondents
agreed) 3. I always follow a defined protocol when I prescribe opioids.
(pretest:14/59 respondents agreed) 4. I am afraid that my patients will
become addicted if I prescribe chronic opioids (38/59 respondents agreed)
FINDINGS TO DATE (IT IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO STATE “FINDINGS WILL BE
DISCUSSED”): While our post intervention study has not yet been completed,
we have found that the embedded pain pharmacist has been quite successful in
the following areas: 1. The availability of a real-time consultant has been
extremely helpful in guiding us towards best practice. We see, for example,
more appropriate use of urine screens and pain agreements in the practice.
2. As we move toward a PCMH model, the embedded pharmacist has been an
excellent example of collaborative, team-based care. 3. An embedded pain
pharmacist in primary care has helped enhance communications between our
practice and the pain service. KEY LESSONS FOR DISSEMINATION (WHAT CAN
OTHERS TAKE AWAY FOR IMPLEMENTATION TO THEIR PRACTICE OR COMMUNITY?): Key
lessons from our project to date include: 1. There is tremendous value in
working collaboratively with specialty services, but keeping care based
within a primary care practice. 2. Without adding FTE resources, we can
provide improved care for patients with chronic pain who use opioids. 3.
There is tremendous need for improved care and communication to allow
primary care physicians to manage opioids independently and competently.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
internal medicine
pain
pharmacist
society
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
behavior disorder
chronic disease
chronic pain
consultation
e-mail
embedding
general practitioner
hospital patient
interpersonal communication
intervention study
model
monitoring
patient
physician
primary medical care
urine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 361
TITLE
Ambulatory pharmacy services specializing in chronic pain and opioid
management
AUTHOR NAMES
Su V.
Ng K.
Murphy L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Su V.; Ng K.; Murphy L.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Su,
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2012) 145:4 (S20). Date of Publication: July
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
Canadian Pharmacists Association Conference, CPhA 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Whistler, BC, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-06-01 to 2012-06-04
ISSN
1715-1635
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
ISSUE: Innovative clinical pharmacy services provide medication management
for patients with chronic non-cancer pain at Altum Health, an
interprofessional ambulatory clinic funded through third-party payers.
Pharmacists complete assessments in collaboration with consultant physicians
and psychiatrists at the request of the payer, focusing on chronic pain,
opioid dependence and mental health disorders. Services include a report
outlining an opioid management plan with other medication recommendations
for implementation by the patients' primary care provider. SOLUTION AND HOW
IT WORKS: Selected patients are referred for interprofessional group or
individualized treatment programs for opioid management, which include
pharmacist education, monitoring of opioid rotations, opioid tapering,
inpatient medical withdrawal at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
and/or initiation of methadone or buprenorphine maintenance therapy.
Participation is contingent on payer approval. OUTCOMES: After the initial
pilot with a 0.5 full-time equivalent (FTE) pharmacist in 2010, pharmacy
services have expanded to 3 FTE positions. The pharmacists are hired by the
University Health Network Pharmacy Department and are contracted to Altum
Health. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Billing data from 2011 indicate that
pharmacists completed 263 interprofessional assessments and 99 treatment
consultations for 65 patients. Pharmacy services expanded to all 5 Altum
Health satellite clinics across Ontario with the use of video-conferencing
equipment to provide live pharmacist-patient interactions. Preliminary
outcome data show that 6 patients completed treatment in 2011 and achieved
an average 25% reduction in daily morphine equivalent dose. Data collection
is ongoing. The success of the treatment program is occasionally limited by
a patient's motivation, funding or difficulty in implementing the treatment
plan with the primary care provider.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine
methadone
morphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain
hospital department
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
Canada
cancer pain
clinical pharmacy
consultation
diseases
drug therapy
education
funding
health
hospital
hospital patient
information processing
maintenance therapy
mental health
monitoring
motivation
patient
pharmacy
physician
primary medical care
psychiatrist
university
videoconferencing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 362
TITLE
Teaching methadone management strategies to medical students in a case-based
learning paradigm
AUTHOR NAMES
Jouney E.A.
Brower K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jouney E.A.; Brower K.) University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.A. Jouney, University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, United
States.
SOURCE
American Journal on Addictions (2012) 21:4 (385). Date of Publication:
July-August 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
22nd Annual Meeting and Symposium of the American Academy of Addiction
Psychiatry, AAAP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Scottsdale, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-12-08 to 2011-12-11
ISSN
1055-0496
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: The purpose of this project is to measure the effectiveness of a
case-based small group discussion format in teaching third-year medical
students the basics of methadone management in the medically hospitalized
opioid-dependent patient. Methadone is a drug that is often misunderstood,
and misrepresented, partly due to the negative stigmatization that plagues
the culture of methadone maintenance therapy. Most third-year medical
students do not possess the fundamental understandings ofmethadone
maintenance treatment, and also fail to recognize some of the legal and
often life-threatening pharmacological characteristics of this drug. These
misunderstandings can often lead to a multitude of adverse outcomes,
including iatrogenic drug overdose, the mismanagement of acute pain
syndromes in the methadone maintenance patient, and a failure to abide by
the basic legalities governing methadone maintenance treatment. Our
hypothesis is that a small group teaching session based on a case discussion
can facilitate the learning of these critical medical concepts in the target
population. Methods: 21 third-year medical students at the University of
Michigan were randomly divided into five cohorts, consisting of 3-6 students
each. Each group was provided with a case summary of a female patient with
opioid dependence who was inappropriately managed with methadone during an
inpatient medical admission. A 60-minute discussion followed, which was led
by an addiction psychiatry fellow. The discussion aimed to highlight the key
points of the case, and to give instruction on the clinically relevant
concepts in opioid dependence and methadone pharmacology. Students were
given a pre-test before the discussion, which consisted of 10 multiple
choice questions regarding some of the legal and pharmacological
characteristics of methadone pertinent to patient care. For each question
one of the choices read: “I don't know, I would be guessing.” This was to
eliminate the possibility of correct answers based on guessing alone.
Additionally, students were asked not to guess, and to choose an answer only
if they were reasonably sure that their choice was correct. After the case
discussion, the students were given a post-test, which was exactly the same
as the pre-test. They were not informed of the post-test until the very end
of the discussion. This was to eliminate the possibility of note taking or
selective retention during the discussion. The difference between the pre-
and post-test scores was compared to access the effectiveness of this
teaching model. Results:Apaired samples t testwas conducted to test the
effectiveness of this small group discussion model. On average, the post
test scores were 52.3 (SD = 14.8) percentage points higher compared to
pre-test scores- (t (20) = 16.2, p < 0.0005). The mean pre-test score was
37.1% (SD = 15.5) and the mean post-test score was 89.5% (SD = 12.0). There
was no statistically significant difference found in the pre- and post-test
scores between the individual cohorts. Conclusions: The use of a small group
case-based discussion teaching paradigm was effective in the shortterm at
educating third-year medical students on the key concepts of methadone
prescribing in the medically hospitalized opioid-dependent patient.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
human
learning
medical student
psychiatry
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse outcome
drug induced disease
drug overdose
female
hospital patient
hypothesis
maintenance therapy
methadone treatment
model
multiple choice test
pain
patient
patient care
pharmacology
plague
population
student
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00241.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 363
TITLE
Efficacy of an over-the-counter intervention follow-up program in community
pharmacies
AUTHOR NAMES
Bosse N.
Machado M.
Mistry A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bosse N., neetaroo@aol.com) Walgreens Patient Care Centers, Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States.
(Machado M.; Mistry A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Bosse, Walgreens Patient Care Center, 20 Weston St., Waltham, MA 02453,
United States. Email: neetaroo@aol.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:4 (535-540). Date
of Publication: July-August 2012
ISSN
1544-3191
1544-3450 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association, 2215 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate whether patient adherence to appropriate self-care
advice from a pharmacist or professional year 4 (PY4) advanced pharmacy
practice experience (APPE) student provides satisfactory symptom relief.
Setting: Two community pharmacies in the same chain in Massachusetts from
mid-December 2009 to June 2010. Practice description: Pharmacists and PY4
APPE students offered a follow-up phone call to patients who were seeking or
had accepted the offer for self-care advice for themselves or others for
whom they are primary caregivers. Practice innovation: Patients were
provided detailed counseling documented on an over-the-counter (OTC)
intervention document, administered a point-of-care survey, offered a
follow-up phone call(s), and then administered a follow-up survey. Main
outcome measures: Patient demographics, point-of-care survey assessing
current use and perceived benefit from a pharmacist's consultation,
intervention document assessing potential medication-related problems, and
follow-up telephone survey assessing patient adherence to advice, symptom
relief, and satisfaction with the service. Results: Of the 207 patients
offered a follow-up phone call, 83 accepted. Of these, 54 completed one call
and 9 completed two calls. Of those who completed one phone call and claimed
complete adherence to advice provided, 38 (82.6%) experienced great symptom
relief. Three patients followed advice only partially and experienced the
same level of improvement. More than 75% of patients classified the
follow-up as "very helpful," felt that it led to greater symptom
improvement, and would like to see this service offered all of the time.
Conclusion: Pharmacist intervention in OTC therapy is widely accepted and
can lead to improved patient outcomes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
follow up
patient compliance
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
drug misuse
female
hospital department
human
major clinical study
male
patient satisfaction
pharmacist
self care
symptom
telephone interview
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013810271
MEDLINE PMID
22825235 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22825235)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.10093
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 364
TITLE
Smoking dependence and common psychiatric disorders in medical students:
Cross-sectional study
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashor A.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashor A.W., ammar_w_78@yahoo.com) Department of Pharmacology, College of
Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. W. Ashor, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine,
Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq. Email:
ammar_w_78@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences (2012) 28:4 (670-674). Date of
Publication: July-September 2012
ISSN
1682-024X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Professional Medical Publications, Raja Ghazanfar Ali Road, Saddar, Karachi,
Pakistan.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Exploring the variable effect of the degree of smoking
dependence on the level of anxiety and depression symptoms among medical
students. Methodology: This cross-section study, conducted in the Department
of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University,
Baghdad-Iraq from December 2010 to May 2011, involving 300 medical students
selected by cluster random sampling techniques. Those students completed the
Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, Zung self-report depression scale and the
Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence with a value of six or more regarded
as heavy smokers, and a value less than six considered as light smokers.
Results: The response rate was 89%, heavy smokers were signifcantly older
and start smoking at an earlier age than non- and light smokers (p=0.001).
Heavy smokers associated with high chance of depressive symptoms in
comparison with non-smokers (OR=4.8, C.I.=1.752-13.677) and light smokers
(OR=4.2, C.I.=1.042-17.161). Regarding anxiety symptoms, heavy smokers
demonstrate high chance of anxiety symptoms in comparison with non-smokers
(OR=5.2, C.I.=1.826-15.176), and light smokers (OR=4.5, C.I.=1.318-15.526).
Conclusions: Heavy smokers differ from non- and light smokers, associated
with high risk of anxiety and depression, therefore heavy smoking tends to
deteriorate rather than ameliorate these symptoms.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety
depression
medical student
smoking
tobacco dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
assessment of humans
controlled study
cross-sectional study
disease association
fagerstrom test
female
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
high risk population
human
Iraq
male
onset age
smoking habit
Zung self report depression scale
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012487492
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 365
TITLE
Institutional Profile: The Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized
Medicine at Virginia Commonwealth University: Advancing psychiatric drug
treatment
AUTHOR NAMES
McClay J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McClay J.L., jlmcclay@vcu.edu) Center for Biomarker Research and
Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Hall, 1112
East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. McClay, Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine,
Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Hall, 1112 East Clay Street,
Richmond, VA 23298, United States. Email: jlmcclay@vcu.edu
SOURCE
Personalized Medicine (2012) 9:5 (479-483). Date of Publication: July 2012
ISSN
1741-0541
1744-828X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Future Medicine Ltd., 2nd Albert Place, Finchley Central, London, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine is a small,
focused and technology-driven organization, sited within the School of
Pharmacy on the Medical College of Virginia Campus of Virginia Commonwealth
University. The Center was established in 2006, with a mission to improve
understanding and treatment of psychiatric disease by employing the latest
advances in molecular biology, informatics and statistics. We take the
philosophy that large-scale, exploratory studies are crucial to achieve our
aims because strong biological associations have been historically absent
for psychiatric disorders. Our work follows two main streams: the first
being disease biomarker research, such as discovering genes contributing
risk for schizophrenia or depression. The second stream is the discovery of
biomarkers for therapeutic drug response, where our genome-wide association
studies of antipsychotic and antidepressant response have yielded multiple
new leads. With the recent success of large-scale biological investigations
of psychiatric disorders, we are very optimistic about the future. By
engaging cutting-edge technologies such as next-generation DNA sequencing,
coupled with biological data integration, we may further probe the
biological underpinnings of psychiatric disorders and response to drug
treatment. © 2012 Future Medicine Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticonvulsive agent
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
chlorpromazine (drug therapy)
lithium (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction)
neurotransmitter (endogenous compound)
transcriptome (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
personalized medicine
psychopharmacotherapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (etiology)
behavior disorder
DNA methylation
DNA sequence
drug efficacy
drug industry
drug response
drug safety
gene mapping
genetic association
genetic variability
human
human genome
hyperglycemia (side effect)
major depression (drug therapy)
mania (drug therapy)
priority journal
review
schizophrenia (drug therapy)
side effect (side effect)
treatment outcome
United States
unspecified side effect (side effect)
weight gain
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
lithium (7439-93-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012450985
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pme.12.52
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 366
TITLE
Pharmacy student knowledge retention after completing either a simulated or
written patient case.
AUTHOR NAMES
Ray S.M.
Wylie D.R.
Shaun Rowe A.
Heidel E.
Franks A.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ray S.M.) University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of
Pharmacy, Knoxville, USA.
(Wylie D.R.; Shaun Rowe A.; Heidel E.; Franks A.S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.M. Ray, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy,
Knoxville, USA. Email: smray@uthsc.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2012) 76:5 (86). Date of
Publication: 18 Jun 2012
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To determine pharmacy students' knowledge retention from and comfort level
with a patient-case simulation compared with a written patient case.
Pharmacy students were randomly assigned to participate in either a written
patient case or a simulated patient case in which a high-fidelity mannequin
was used to portray a patient experiencing a narcotic and acetaminophen
overdose. Participants' responses on a multiple-choice test and a survey
instrument administered before the case, immediately after the case, and 25
days later indicated that participation in the simulated patient case did
not result in greater knowledge retention or comfort level than
participation in the written patient case. Students' knowledge improved
post-intervention regardless of which teaching method was used. Although
further research is needed to determine whether the use of simulation in the
PharmD curriculum is equivalent or superior to other teaching methods,
students' enthusiasm for learning in a simulated environment where they can
safely apply patient care skills make this technology worth exploring.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
narcotic analgesic agent (drug toxicity)
paracetamol (drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
audiovisual equipment
education
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical competence
clinical trial
comparative study
computer program
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
curriculum
drug misuse
human
long term memory
methodology
patient care
randomized controlled trial
teaching
time
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
paracetamol (103-90-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22761527 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22761527)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 367
TITLE
Differences in perceived stress and its correlates among students in
professional courses
AUTHOR NAMES
Mane Abhay B.
Krishnakumar M.K.
Niranjan Paul C.
Hiremath Shashidhar G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mane Abhay B., drabmane@yahoo.co.in; Niranjan Paul C.; Hiremath Shashidhar
G.) Department of Community Medicine, Navodaya Medical College, Hospital
Mantralayam Road, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, India.
(Krishnakumar M.K.) S.U.T Academy of Medical Sciences, Vencode.P.O,
Vattappara, Thiruvananthapuram-695028, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. B. Mane, Department of Community Medicine, Navodaya Medical College,
Hospital Mantralayam Road, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, India. Email:
drabmane@yahoo.co.in
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (2012) 5:6 (1228-1233). Date of
Publication: 2012
ISSN
2249-782X
0973-709X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 71 Veer Nagar,G.T. Road, Delhi,
India.
ABSTRACT
Background: Medical education is perceived as being stressful, with negative
effects on the mental health of the students. Previous studies have shown
relatively high levels of distress among medical students, such as symptoms
of depression and suicidal thoughts. Only few studies have tried to explore
the stress among medical students, but none have compared it with those
among the paramedical and non medical students. Objective: To explore the
differences and the correlates of perceived stress among students in
professional courses. Materials And Method: The data was analyzed from 282
students who were studying different courses, by sampling with a probability
proportional to size through an anonymous, selfadministered questionnaire
which covered socio-demographic data, stressors and a perceived stress
scale. Results: The prevalence of perceived stress by using the PSS scale
was found to be 50% in the study subjects. The mean PSS score was the
highest for dental (29.5) and the lowest for pharmacy (23.2) students. The
difference in the mean PSS scores among the students of different courses
was statistically significant. No statistical difference was noted in
perceived stress between the male and female students (P> 0.05). The main
sources of stress were found to be related to physical and academic factors.
The main coping strategies which were adopted were, talking to family
members or friends (41.1%), sleeping (16%), watching TV/movies (12.6%) and
listening to music. 47.2% students felt a need for professional help during
stress. Conclusion: High levels of perceived stress were found in dental
students. The stressors at the campus should be identified, discussed with,
and proper coping assistance should be provided to the individual students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
school stress
undergraduate student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
college student
competition
coping behavior
dental student
engineering student
environmental factor
family interaction
female
human
interpersonal stress
listening to music
male
medical student
nursing student
peer group
Perceived Stress Scale
pharmacy student
physical therapy student
psychologic test
questionnaire
recreation
sex difference
sleep
sleep disorder
social status
student attitude
substance abuse
support group
television viewing
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012308763
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 368
TITLE
Socio-demographic characteristics of the addicted inmates of Qom and Tabriz
prisons in Iran
AUTHOR NAMES
Mohammadreza S.
Mina I.
Mohsen T.
Mashayekhi S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mohammadreza S.) Neurosciences Research Centre, Tabriz University of
Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
(Mina I.) Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz, Iran.
(Mohsen T.) Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Tabriz 51664-14766, Iran.
(Mashayekhi S., mashayekhis@yahoo.co.uk) NPMC, Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Tabriz 51664-14766, Iran.
(Mohammadreza S.; Mina I.; Mashayekhi S., mashayekhis@yahoo.co.uk) Faculty
of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Mashayekhi, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,
Tabriz, Iran. Email: mashayekhis@yahoo.co.uk
SOURCE
Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin (2012) 2:1 (61-69). Date of Publication:
June 2012
ISSN
2228-5881
2251-7308 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Daneshgah St, Tabriz, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of this investigation was to study the factors responsible
for drug addiction amongst the inmates of Tabriz and Qom prisons, to further
understand the reasons for drug abuse particularly in the young and find
improved methods for combating these widespread problems. Methods: A
multi-choice questionnaire was provided to inmates to potentially assess the
reasons for their drug addiction psychiatric, personal, social, economical,
and political factors were thought to be implicated. Two hundred drug
addicted prisoners were individually interviewed randomly in both Tabriz and
Qom prisons. A questionnaire including questions about the inmates'
demographic characteristics and 49 multiple answers questions, was provided
to identify the effects of different reasons for drug addiction for
instance: psychiatric, personal, social, economical, and political factors.
The collected data were analyzed by Student t-test and chi-squared test
using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the following factors
could lead to drug addiction e.g. company with addicted friends and
offenders, curiosity, imitation, illiteracy, family problems, crowded
family, poverty, unemployment, and lack of self confidence. There were
significant differences between Tabriz and Qom prisoners in relation to age,
starting age of addiction, job, income, education, class of addiction,
marital status, and hobbies. Mean age, mean starting age of addiction,
poverty, alcohol drinking before addiction, marital status, heroin
addiction, codeine and benzodiazepines abuse were significantly greater for
Tabriz prisoners than those of Qom. Conclusion: It is clear that the
governmental programs for reducing unemployment, creation of safe hobbies,
proper control on drug dispensing in the pharmacies, proper birth control
programs, and encouragement to higher education could alleviate addiction
problem in Iran. © 2012 by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
codeine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
demography
drug dependence
prisoner
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
age distribution
aged
article
awareness
controlled study
drinking behavior
economic aspect
education
female
friendship
heroin dependence
human
Iran
leisure
major clinical study
male
marriage
onset age
personality
politics
poverty
prison
questionnaire
randomized controlled trial
sex difference
social behavior
socioeconomics
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
codeine (76-57-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2013149920
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5681/apb.2012.009
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 369
TITLE
Physicians' beliefs about faith-based treatments for alcoholism
AUTHOR NAMES
Lawrence R.E.
Rasinski K.A.
Yoon J.D.
Koenig H.G.
Meador K.G.
Curlin F.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lawrence R.E., rlawrence@uchicago.edu) Department of Psychiatry, Columbia
University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Dr., Box 103, New York, NY 10032,
United States.
(Rasinski K.A.; Yoon J.D.; Curlin F.A.) Department of Medicine, University
of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, United States.
(Koenig H.G.) Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center,
Durham, NC, United States.
(Meador K.G.) Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, Nashville, TN, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.E. Lawrence, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center,
1051 Riverside Dr., Box 103, New York, NY 10032, United States. Email:
rlawrence@uchicago.edu
SOURCE
Psychiatric Services (2012) 63:6 (597-604). Date of Publication: 1 Jun 2012
ISSN
1075-2730
1557-9700 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Psychiatric Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825,
Arlington, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The study examined physicians' beliefs about faith-based alcohol
treatments vis-à-vis Alcoholics Anonymous, pharmacologic treatment, and
residential treatment. Methods: A survey was mailed to a national sample of
U.S. primary care physicians and psychiatrists. It included a brief vignette
of a nominally religious 47-year-old man hospitalized for acute alcohol
poisoning who requested addiction treatment. Physicians rated the likely
effectiveness of three treatment methods: Alcoholics Anonymous,
pharmacological therapy by an addiction specialist, and a residential
program. Physicians were asked whether they would refer the patient to a
faith-based program (beyond Alcoholics Anonymous) and whether an emphasis on
spirituality is critical to 12- step program success. Results: The response
rate was 896 of 1,427 (63%) for primary care physicians and 312 of 487 (64%)
for psychiatrists. Psychiatrists were more likely to rate Alcoholics
Anonymous as very effective (64% versus 57% of primary care physicians),
more likely to rate residential treatment as very effective (47% versus 38%
of primary care physicians), and more likely to rate pharmacologic therapy
as very effective (31% versus 22% of primary care physicians). Psychiatrists
and primary care physicians were equally likely to consider referring the
patient to a faith-based program (71% and 79%) and equally likely to believe
that "an emphasis on spirituality is critical to the success of 12-step
programs" (81% and 85%). Conclusions: Psychiatrists were more optimistic
than primary care physicians about all three treatments. Physicians in both
specialties would refer even nominally religious patients to explicitly
faith-based programs (beyond Alcoholics Anonymous). Physicians' enthusiasm
for faith-based treatments highlights the need for scientific study of these
treatments to determine which elements are most helpful for patients seeking
recovery.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (rehabilitation, therapy)
health belief
physician attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
female
general practitioner
human
major clinical study
male
medical practice
patient participation
patient referral
psychiatrist
rehabilitation care
religion
spiritual care
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012323779
MEDLINE PMID
22476161 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22476161)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100315
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 370
TITLE
Review of services provided by pharmacies that promote healthy living
AUTHOR NAMES
Brown D.
Portlock J.
Rutter P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brown D., david.brown@port.ac.uk) University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth,
Hampshire, United Kingdom.
(Portlock J.) School of Pharmacy, University College, London, United
Kingdom.
(Rutter P.) School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, West Midlands,
United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Brown, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
Email: david.brown@port.ac.uk
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:3 (399-409). Date of
Publication: June 2012
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Background The recognition that community pharmacies have the potential to
make a greater contribution to promoting public health has led to a new
concept, called the Healthy Living Pharmacy (HLP). These are designed to
meet public health needs through a tiered commissioning framework delivering
health and well being services through community pharmacy, tailored to local
requirements for tackling health inequalities. Aim To search the literature
for quality evidence to support the inclusion of services in the HLP
portfolio and suggest areas where more evidence is required. Method A
systematic review of the research literature covering the period January
1990-August 2011 inclusive, using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pharmline, NHS Evidence
and the Cochrane databases. On-line searching of the grey literature (e.g.
conference proceedings) was also carried out. Standard methods of assessing
quality were employed. Results A total of 377 papers were included. Over
time, there was a marked increase in frequency of publications reflecting a
growing pharmacy interest in the public healthcare agenda; over a third (35
%) of papers appeared in the last three-year study period. The body of
research had a wide geographical basis; contributions were as follows: UK
(51.5 %), US (20.4 %), Australia/New Zealand (9.8 %), Europe (7.7 %) and
Canada (7.2 %). The topics of contraception, cardiovascular disease
prevention, diabetes and smoking cessation accounted for 40 % of included
papers. The literature supports the introduction of specific community
pharmacy services, targeted at customer groups, both with and without
preexisting diseases. Good evidence exists for smoking cessation,
cardiovascular disease prevention, hypertension and diabetes. Some good
evidence exists for interventions on asthma and heart failure. The evidence
supporting weight management, sexual health, osteoporosis detection,
substance abuse and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is weak and needs
development. Conclusion There is strong evidence for the role of community
pharmacy in a range of services, not only aimed at improving general health,
but also maintaining the health of those with existing disease. In other
areas, the evidence is less strong and further research is required to
justify their inclusion in a HLP portfolio. © 2011 CARS.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
health services research
healthy living pharmacy
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anticoagulation
asthma
Australia
Canada
chronic obstructive lung disease
diabetes mellitus
drug use
emergency contraception
Europe
evidence based practice
heart failure
hormonal contraception
human
hypertension
immunization
intervention study
medical research
New Zealand
osteoporosis (diagnosis)
priority journal
public health service
publication
quality control
review
sexual health
smoking cessation
substance abuse
systematic review
United Kingdom
United States
weight control
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012373283
MEDLINE PMID
22527479 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22527479)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-012-9634-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 371
TITLE
The alcohol pharmacology education partnership: Educating high school
students about alcohol
AUTHOR NAMES
Godin E.A.
Sikes S.S.
Halpin M.J.
Reiter J.P.
Schwartz-Bloom R.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Godin E.A.; Sikes S.S.; Halpin M.J.; Reiter J.P.; Schwartz-Bloom R.D.) Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.A. Godin, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2012) 36 SUPPL. 1 (251A).
Date of Publication: June 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
35th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, RSA
2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-06-23 to 2012-06-27
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The Alcohol Pharmacology Education Partnership (APEP) was developed to help
high school students learn about different aspects of alcohol pharmacology
while reviewing concepts in biology and chemistry. A series of 4 teaching
modules and an instructional curriculum (www.rise.duke.edu/apep) were
developed that contained topics of interest to high school students such as
“Alcohol, Cell Suicide, and the Adolescent Brain”. Previously, a small study
showed that using a science-oriented curriculum to teach high school
students about alcohol resulted in increased knowledge about alcohol, more
negative attitudes toward drinking, and decreased alcohol consumption (Weiss
and Moore, 1988). In the current study, we recruited 156 US teachers for
professional development and to field-test the APEP modules in their
classes. Before the teachers received any training, control data were
obtained by testing approximately 7000 students for knowledge of basic
biology and chemistry concepts as well as advanced biology and chemistry
knowledge involving alcohol. The following year, we provided teacher
training workshops through Distance Learning (DL) technology or at the
National Science Teachers Association meeting. The teachers then
field-tested the modules in their classes, and another 7000 students were
tested as described above. Thus, each teacher served as her/his own control.
Results indicate that the more APEP modules that the teachers used, the
better their students scored on the two knowledge assessment tests.
Furthermore, biology students (most of whom had no previous chemistry) in
classes using all 4 modules scored better on chemistry questions than
chemistry students in the standard curriculum (i.e., using no modules). In
addition, teachers who were provided with 6 hours of professional
development in a one-day session or via DL had the same increase in
knowledge of biology and chemistry, which persisted for at least a year. The
results of the current study support our previous findings with the
Pharmacology Education Partnership (PEP), which focused on drugs of abuse
(Kwiek et al, 2007). While most drug and alcohol-based curricula are taught
in health class, we have shown here that incorporating alcohol education
into biology and chemistry classes increases knowledge of basic science
concepts as well as alcohol pharmacology. Future studies will demonstrate
whether such a curriculum will impact teenager's decisions about alcohol
use/abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
education
high school student
human
pharmacology
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adolescent
alcohol consumption
brain
curriculum
drinking
health
learning
professional development
student
suicide
teacher
teaching
technology
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01803.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 372
TITLE
New roles for Community pharmacists in modern health care systems: A
challenge for Pharmacy education and research
AUTHOR NAMES
Bugnon O.
Hugentobler-Hampaï D.
Berger J.
Schneider M.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bugnon O., olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Community Pharmacy Unit, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
(Bugnon O., olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch; Hugentobler-Hampaï D.; Berger J.;
Schneider M.P.) Community Pharmacy, Department of Ambulatory Care and
Community Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Bugnon, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Community Pharmacy Unit,
University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Email:
olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch
SOURCE
Chimia (2012) 66:5 (304-307). Date of Publication: May 2012
Geneva Pharma, Book Series Title:
ISSN
0009-4293
BOOK PUBLISHER
Swiss Chemical Society, K-1354.3.06, Basel, Switzerland.
ABSTRACT
The academic activities led by the Unit of Community Pharmacy can be
classified as translational. Our group is interested in person-centered
pharmaceutical services aimed at a more responsible use of drugs
(effectiveness, safety, efficiency) in collaboration with physicians and
other health care professionals in a primary care setting. The following
domains of education and research are high priorities for our group:
medication therapy management, medication adherence, integrated care,
individualization of therapies, care management for the elderly and
e-health. © Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health care delivery
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (prevention, rehabilitation)
article
human
nursing home
patient compliance
personnel management
physician
primary health care
research
risk assessment
Switzerland
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
22867541 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22867541)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2012.304
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 373
TITLE
Opiate education: Key points for the pharmacist
AUTHOR NAMES
Rausch T.
Hellwig T.
Jones B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rausch T.) South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Center for
Family Medicine, United States.
(Hellwig T.) South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Sanford USD
Medical Center, United States.
(Jones B.) Sanford USD Medical Center, Sioux Falls SD, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Rausch, South Dakota State University, College of Pharmacy, Center for
Family Medicine, United States.
SOURCE
U.S. Pharmacist (2012) 37:5. Date of Publication: May 2012
ISSN
0148-4818
BOOK PUBLISHER
Jobson Publishing Corporation, 100 Avenue of the Americas, New York, United
States.
ABSTRACT
The last several decades have seen a significant rise in the use of opioid
medications. A recent study demonstrated an equally significant increase in
the number of drug overdose deaths, with opioid medications suspected in
14,800 deaths in 2008 and representing approximately 73% of all prescription
drug overdose deaths. There is also a likely increase in the number of
patients developing opioid dependence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology, sublingual
drug administration)
buprenorphine plus naloxone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy,
pharmacology, sublingual drug administration)
butorphanol (pharmacology)
clonidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug
administration, pharmacology)
fentanyl (pharmacology)
hydrocodone (pharmacology)
levacetylmethadol (adverse drug reaction)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
morphine (pharmacology)
nalbuphine (pharmacology)
naloxone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug
administration, pharmacology)
naltrexone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, intramuscular drug
administration, pharmacology)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
oxycodone (pharmacology)
pentazocine (pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction (drug therapy, drug therapy, etiology)
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal pain (side effect)
analgesia
anxiety
anxiety disorder
arthralgia (side effect)
article
attention deficit disorder
bradycardia (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
constipation (side effect)
depression
diaphoresis
drowsiness (side effect)
drug approval
drug dependence treatment
drug exposure
drug fatality (side effect)
drug legislation
drug overdose
DSM-IV-TR
family functioning
heart ventricle arrhythmia (side effect)
high risk population
human
hypotension (side effect)
monotherapy
myalgia (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
pain (drug therapy)
peer pressure
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
respiration depression (side effect)
sedation
sex difference
side effect (side effect)
slurred speech (side effect)
United Kingdom
withdrawal syndrome
DRUG TRADE NAMES
dolophine
suboxone
vivitrol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
butorphanol (42408-82-2)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
levacetylmethadol (34433-66-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
nalbuphine (20594-83-6, 23277-43-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012370833
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 374
TITLE
7th Panhellenic Congress of Pharmacology
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Hippokratia (2012) 16 Suppl 1 (6). Date of Publication: Jun 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
7th Panhellenic Congress of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Thessaloniki, Greece
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-05-18 to 2012-05-20
ISSN
1108-4189
1790-8019 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Hippokratio General Hospital of Thessaloniki
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 43 papers. The special focus in this conference is
on Pharmacology. The topics include: Effect of transforming growth factor B
and bone morphogenetic protein 2 on proteoglycan expression by human primary
pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells; idiopathic arterial pulmonary
hypertension is associated with differential expression of the proteoglycans
versican, decorin and perlecan in the lung; MDEA: in vitro study of the
effect on human genetic material; cytogenetic behaviour of crocin on
leukemic cultured lymphocytes; in silico virtual high-throughput screening
approach in profiling the drug potency of various saffron bioactive
constituents; distribution of the inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) 94C>T and
IVS2+21A>C gene polymorphisms in the Greek population; an assessment of the
percentage of patients at possible risk for clopidogrel non-responsiveness,
based on the prevalence of CYP2C19*2 and ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphisms in
the Greek population; incidence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the
ADH1B, ADH4, ADH1C, OPRM1, DRD2, BDNF and ALDH2 genes in the general
population and correlation to alcohol and nicotine dependence; the role of
the multicancer marker RS6983267 in cigarette smoke exposed patients with
prostate cancer; in vivo evaluation of CYP1A2 activity in Greek healthy
volunteers by the RP-HPLC quantification of caffeine metabolic ratios in
saliva and urine samples; medications as a social good. cost/ effect.
experience with the use of generics in aretaieio university hospital, Athens
Greece; restraint stress techniques and ulcerogenicity in rats; evaluation
of the anti-ulcerogenic activity of pregabalin in rats; estrogens derived
from the gonads and the brain mediate behavioral responses during a test of
antidepressant response; the effects of sibutramine on serum ghrelin
isoforms and paraventricular nucleus NPY concentrations in rats under three
isocaloric diets; choline deficiency modulates myocardial autonomic
neurotransmission in the rat: the effect of carnitine; influence of choline
deficient diet on the expression of GLUT-4 in the liver of STZ-induced
diabetic rats; pharmacogenomic analysis of the atheroprotective role of
APOE3 containing HDL in human endothelial cells; activation of the ∆-opioid
receptor leads to differentiation and neurite outgrowth via a STAT5B-GAI/O
signaling pathway; interactions of two members of the B/R4 subfamily of the
regulators of G protein signaling with KAPPA and delta opioid receptors
differentially modulate their signaling; structure-function analysis of the
third membrane-spanning segment of CRF1; pharmacological approaches of
excitotoxic neurodegeneration; glutamate excitotoxicity upregulates GRP75
and GRP78 gene expression in PC12 cells; D(2) -dopaminergic receptor linked
pathways hold critical role in CYP regulation; ploglitazone does not affect
bone mineral density in strep-tozocin-induced diabetic rats; amelioration of
antigen induced arthritis by bevacizumab; acute exposure to artificial
sunlight induces the accumulation of eosinophils in rabbit conjunctival
epithelium, in vivo; new synthetic coumarin derivatives with potent
anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic and antithrombotic activity; changes
in blood parameters after administration of a new synthesized-inflammatory
antioxidant agent in adult rats after sciatic nerve crush; consumption of
energy drinks by students Aristotle’s university of Thessaloniki. field
research; pharmaceutical treatment of genital lichen sclerosus- a review;
PPARα/γ agonists: a novel approach to anti-diabetic therapy; arsenic
trioxide. a modern ‘Weapon’ from the past against acute promyelocytic
leukemia; influenza H1N1 prophylaxis for exposed neonates using oseltamivir;
visual analog scores’ dependency from IL-6 and CRP in thorasic surgical
patients; neck pain’s associations to stress biomarkers;
growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor subtypes in breast cancer;
phenotypic and genotypic analysis of CYP1A2 in the Greek population;
propofol blood levels and the CYP2B6 516G>T gene polymorphism in Greek
women; association of common polymorphisms of the endothelial lipase (LIPG),
the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and the lipoprotein lipase
(LPL) genes with plasma lipids, in dyslipidaemic and normolipidaemic Greeks;
prevalence of polymorphisms: A→G (RS 4420638), C→T (RS 7412) and T→C (RS
429358), A→G (RS 157581), G→C (RS 3745833) of APOC1, APOE, TOMM40 and GALP
genes, respectively, associated with Alzheimer’s disease, in a sample of
Greek population; haplotype evaluation of catechol-o-methyltransferase
Enzyme Polymorphisms in Schizophrenia. A Case-Control Study in a Greek
Population and Prevalence of the Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism of
the ACE gene and the GLU298ASP polymorphism of the ENOS gene in a population
of Greek patients with or without hypertension.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
alternative complement pathway C3 C5 convertase
anticoagulant agent
antidepressant agent
antigen
antioxidant
arsenic trioxide
bevacizumab
biological marker
bone morphogenetic protein 2
brain derived neurotrophic factor
caffeine
carnitine
catechol methyltransferase
cholesterol ester transfer protein
choline
cigarette smoke
clopidogrel
coumarin derivative
crocin
decorin
delta opiate receptor
dopamine receptor
estrogen
ghrelin
glucose transporter 4
glutamic acid
growth hormone releasing factor
high density lipoprotein
hormone receptor
inosine
interleukin 6
lipoprotein lipase
marker
n ethyl 3,4 methylenedioxyamphetamine
opiate receptor
oseltamivir
perlecan
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor
pregabalin
propofol
proteoglycan
receptor subtype
RGS protein
sibutramine
STAT5b protein
transforming growth factor
triacylglycerol lipase
versican
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
agonist
artery muscle
arthritis
behavior
blood
blood level
bone density
brain
breast cancer
case control study
computer model
conjunctiva epithelium
diabetes mellitus
diet
DNA polymorphism
drug potency
drug therapy
endothelium cell
energy drink
enzyme polymorphism
eosinophil
excitotoxicity
exposure
female
gene
gene expression
gonad
Greece
haplotype
high performance liquid chromatography
high throughput screening
human
hypertension
immobilization stress
in vitro study
influenza
lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
lipid blood level
liver
lung
lymphocyte culture
male
membrane
neck pain
nerve crush
nerve degeneration
nerve fiber growth
neurotransmission
newborn
normal human
nutritional deficiency
parameters
patient
PC12 cell line
population
prevalence
promyelocytic leukemia
prophylaxis
prostate cancer
pulmonary hypertension
rabbit
rat
risk
saliva
schizophrenia
sciatic nerve
serum
single nucleotide polymorphism
smooth muscle fiber
student
sunlight
surgical patient
therapy
tobacco dependence
ulcerogenesis
university
university hospital
urinalysis
vitamin deficiency
weapon
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 375
TITLE
Drug-related problems identified by clinical pharmacist's students and
pharmacist's interventions
AUTHOR NAMES
Al-Hajje A.H.
Atoui F.
Awada S.
Rachidi S.
Zein S.
Salameh P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Al-Hajje A.H., hajj.amal@hotmail.com; Awada S.; Rachidi S.; Zein S.;
Salameh P.) Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese
University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon.
(Atoui F.) University Hospital of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.H. Al-Hajje, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese
University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon. Email: hajj.amal@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises (2012) 70:3 (169-176). Date of
Publication: May 2012
ISSN
0003-4509
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Masson SAS, 62 rue Camille Desmoulins, Issy les Moulineaux Cedex,
France.
ABSTRACT
Background: Drug-related problems constitute a major public health problem,
because of their consequences on morbidity, mortality and cost. Patients and
methods: A 6-month prospective study was conducted, including hospitalized
patients in the internal medicine ward of the University Hospital of Beirut,
in order to identify drug-related problems by clinical pharmacist's students
participating in routine medical rounds, to assess the characteristics of
patients presenting these drug-related problems and to analyze pharmacist's
interventions. Results: Ninety patients presenting drug-related problems
were identified. Thirty-two percent were hydro-electrolytic problems and 24%
gastrointestinal. Cardiovascular drugs were the most frequently implicated
(44%), followed by anticoagulants (17%) and corticosteroids (14%). The most
commonly identified drug-related problems were drug interactions (37%),
overdosage (28%), non-conformity to guidelines or contra-indications (23%),
underdosage (10%) and improper administration (2%). The clinical
pharmacist's interventions consisted of dose adjustment (38%), addition
drugs (31%), changes in drugs (29%) and optimization of administration (2%).
Discussion and conclusion: To decrease the risk of drug-related problems,
drug treatment requires physicians to abide by prescribing recommendations,
notably in elderly patients, as well as pharmacists' effective intervention
at all levels. Routine participation of clinical pharmacists in clinical
medical rounds facilitates the identification of drug-related problems and
may prevent their occurrence. © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anticoagulant agent
antidiabetic agent
antithrombocytic agent
cardiovascular agent
corticosteroid
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acenocoumarol
acetylsalicylic acid
amiodarone
ampicillin
candesartan
dexamethasone
diclofenac
furosemide
heparin
insulin
irbesartan
ketoprofen
lisinopril
meloxicam
methylprednisolone
naproxen
perindopril
prednisone
ramipril
spironolactone
telmisartan
tirofiban
unindexed drug
valsartan
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug related problem
public health problem
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
bradycardia
brain hemorrhage
candidiasis
confusion
digestive system hemorrhage
drug overdose
fatigue
female
gastrointestinal disease
hematuria
hemoptysis
human
hyperglycemia
hyperkalemia
hypertension
hypocalcemia
hypoglycemia
hypokalemia
hypotension
internal medicine
intervention study
kidney failure
kidney injury
leukopenia
major clinical study
male
nausea
patient assessment
pharmacy student
prospective study
pruritus
thrombocytopenia
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acenocoumarol (152-72-7)
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2)
ampicillin (69-52-3, 69-53-4, 7177-48-2, 74083-13-9, 94586-58-0)
candesartan (139481-59-7)
dexamethasone (50-02-2)
diclofenac (15307-79-6, 15307-86-5)
furosemide (54-31-9)
heparin (37187-54-5, 8057-48-5, 8065-01-8, 9005-48-5)
insulin (9004-10-8)
irbesartan (138402-11-6)
ketoprofen (22071-15-4, 57495-14-4)
lisinopril (76547-98-3, 83915-83-7)
meloxicam (71125-38-7)
methylprednisolone (6923-42-8, 83-43-2)
naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2)
perindopril (82834-16-0, 99149-83-4)
prednisone (53-03-2)
ramipril (87333-19-5)
spironolactone (52-01-7)
telmisartan (144701-48-4)
tirofiban (142373-60-2, 144494-65-5, 150915-40-5)
valsartan (137862-53-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Urology and Nephrology (28)
Pharmacy (39)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012315410
MEDLINE PMID
22655585 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22655585)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2012.02.004
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 376
TITLE
Sleep in older people
AUTHOR NAMES
Woodward M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Woodward M., michael.woodward@austin.org.au) Aged and Residential Care
Service, Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital, Austin Health, Waterdale Road,
Heidelberg West, VIC 3081, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Woodward, Aged and Residential Care Service, Heidelberg Repatriation
Hospital, Austin Health, Waterdale Road, Heidelberg West, VIC 3081,
Australia. Email: michael.woodward@austin.org.au
SOURCE
Reviews in Clinical Gerontology (2012) 22:2 (130-149). Date of Publication:
May 2012
ISSN
0959-2598
1469-9036 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Cambridge University Press, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Insomnia and other sleep disturbances are common in older people, with up to
40% reporting some difficulty sleeping. Insomnia is a syndrome with multiple
causes including medications, other illnesses and environmental factors. An
accurate diagnosis is needed for effective management. Sleep disturbances
are associated with functional and cognitive impairment and excess
mortality. Management should initially be non-pharmacological including
sleep hygiene education and behavioural therapy. Medications, including
benzodiazepines (BZDs), are second-line with little evidence to support
long-term usage. BZD usage in older people is associated with a range of
disorders including falls, accidents and cognitive impairment. The
management of insomnia in specific situations such as residential care,
those with dementia and depressed older people can be challenging.
Additional research is needed, particularly on the risks/benefit of
long-term pharmacotherapy and to determine whether therapy reduces the
consequences of sleep disturbances. Copyright © Cambridge University Press
2012.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction)
antacid agent (drug interaction)
benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, drug
therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction)
caffeine (adverse drug reaction)
central stimulant agent (adverse drug reaction)
chlordiazepoxide
clarithromycin (drug interaction)
clonazepam (adverse drug reaction)
corticosteroid (adverse drug reaction)
diazepam (drug therapy)
diltiazem (drug interaction)
erythromycin (drug interaction)
estazolam (pharmacokinetics)
flunitrazepam (pharmacokinetics)
flurazepam (pharmacokinetics)
isoniazid (drug interaction)
ketoconazole (drug interaction)
nicotine (adverse drug reaction)
nitrazepam (pharmacokinetics)
quazepam (pharmacokinetics)
ramelteon (drug therapy)
rivastigmine
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction)
temazepam (pharmacokinetics)
triazolam (pharmacokinetics)
unindexed drug
verapamil (drug interaction)
zolpidem (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
zopiclone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aging
sleep
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accident
aggression
agitation
amnesia (side effect)
anorexia (side effect)
arthralgia (side effect)
auditory hallucination (side effect)
behavior disorder (side effect)
behavior therapy
cognitive defect (side effect)
color vision
constipation (side effect)
delirium (side effect)
dementia
depression (side effect)
diarrhea (side effect)
disease association
dizziness (side effect)
dysarthria (side effect)
dyspnea (side effect)
environmental factor
falling
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
genital system disease (side effect)
headache (side effect)
heart palpitation (side effect)
hiccup (side effect)
hot flush (side effect)
human
hygiene
increased appetite (side effect)
insomnia (drug therapy, etiology, therapy)
libido disorder (side effect)
long term care
menstrual irregularity (side effect)
menstruation disorder (side effect)
mortality
muscle cramp (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
panic (side effect)
paranoia (side effect)
periodic limb movement disorder
phototherapy
psychomotor disorder (side effect)
relaxation training
REM sleep deprivation
residential care
restless legs syndrome
review
risk benefit analysis
salivation
sedation
side effect (side effect)
sleep disorder (etiology, side effect)
sleep disordered breathing
sleep driving (side effect)
sleep driving (side effect)
sleep eating (side effect)
sleep eating (side effect)
sleep walking (side effect)
tachycardia (side effect)
taste disorder (side effect)
tongue swelling (side effect)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
urinary tract disease (side effect)
visual disorder (side effect)
vivid dream (side effect)
weight reduction
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
librium Hoffmann La Roche
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Hoffmann La Roche
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
caffeine (58-08-2)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
clarithromycin (81103-11-9)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
diltiazem (33286-22-5, 42399-41-7)
erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4)
estazolam (29975-16-4)
flunitrazepam (1622-62-4)
flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1)
isoniazid (54-85-3, 62229-51-0, 65979-32-0)
ketoconazole (65277-42-1)
nicotine (54-11-5)
nitrazepam (146-22-5)
quazepam (36735-22-5)
ramelteon (196597-26-9)
rivastigmine (129101-54-8)
temazepam (846-50-4)
triazolam (28911-01-5)
verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9)
zolpidem (82626-48-0)
zopiclone (43200-80-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012138529
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0959259811000232
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 377
TITLE
The prescription review program of Saskatchewan
AUTHOR NAMES
Spitzig D.
Shaw K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Spitzig D.; Shaw K.) College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Spitzig, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon,
Canada.
SOURCE
Pain Research and Management (2012) 17:3 (201). Date of Publication:
May-June 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Annual Conference of the Canadian Pain Society
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Whistler, BC, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-05-23 to 2012-05-26
ISSN
1203-6765
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pulsus Group Inc.
ABSTRACT
The Prescription Review Program was formerly known as the Triplicate
Prescription Program because the program formerly relied upon specially
designed multiple copy prescription pads to gather data regarding a panel of
drugs subject to abuse and/or diversion. Use of these special prescription
pads is no longer necessary since the data required to operate the program
is now captured electronically. PROGRAM PARTNERS: Saskatchewan College of
Pharmacists, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan,College of
Dental Surgeons of Saskatchewan, The Saskatchewan Registered Nurses'
Association, and Saskatchewan Health. OBJECTIVE: To reduce the abuse and
diversion of a select panel of prescription drugs, and to reduce their
misuse. THE PROGRAM: 1. Alerts prescribers to possible inappropriate
prescribing or use of medications to which the Prescription Review Program
applies. 2. May seek an explanation to the relevant professional regulatory
body where the data indicates prescribing and/or dispensing practices not
consistent with acceptable professional standards; and 3. Encourages
appropriate prescribing and dispensing practices by providing professional
guidance to both prescribers and dispensers. 4. Recommends additional drugs
to be added to the program.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Canada
pain
prescription
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
college
drug therapy
health
human
inappropriate prescribing
pharmacist
physician
professional standard
registered nurse
surgeon
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 378
TITLE
Medication therapy management services provided by student pharmacists.
AUTHOR NAMES
Hata M.
Klotz R.
Sylvies R.
Hess K.
Schwartzman E.
Scott J.
Law A.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hata M.) College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, California, USA.
(Klotz R.; Sylvies R.; Hess K.; Schwartzman E.; Scott J.; Law A.V.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Hata, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona,
California, USA.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2012) 76:3 (51). Date of
Publication: 10 Apr 2012
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the impact of student pharmacists delivering medication therapy
management (MTM) services during an elective advanced pharmacy practice
experience (APPE). Student pharmacists provided MTM services at community
pharmacy APPE sites, documented their recommendations, and then made
follow-up telephone calls to patients to determine the impact of the MTM
provided. Students were surveyed about the MTM experience. Forty-seven
students provided MTM services to 509 patients over 2 years and identified
704 drug-related problems (average of 1.4 problems per patient). About 53%
of patients relayed the recommendations to their physician and 205 (75%)
physicians accepted the recommendations. Eighty-eight percent of patients
reported feeling better about their medications after receiving MTM
services. A majority of the students perceived their provision of MTM
services as valuable to their patients. Providing MTM services to patients
in a pharmacy practice setting allowed student pharmacists to apply skills
learned in the doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curriculum.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
medication therapy management
pharmacy
pharmacy student
problem based learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
curriculum
evaluation study
health care quality
human
human relation
methodology
patient satisfaction
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22544968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22544968)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe76351
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 379
TITLE
A comparison of healthcare professional students' awareness of chemical
dependence with their respective profession
AUTHOR NAMES
Little A.
Rey J.A.
Garcia A.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rey J.A.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern
University, Ft. Lauderdale, United States.
(Little A.; Garcia A.S.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nova Southeastern
University, Ft. Lauderdale, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Little, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nova Southeastern University,
Ft. Lauderdale, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (272). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Currently, 8% to 12% of healthcare professionals have chemical
dependencies and an increased risk of prescription drug abuse. This is
thought to be due, impart, to their easy access to controlled substances. It
is important for students of healthcare professions to be trained
appropriately on the disease of dependency. Therefore, this study was
designed to compare students in terms of risk factors for chemical
dependence in different healthcare training programs to the incidence of
chemical dependence in their respective fields. It is anticipated that these
respective programs will utilize the information in developing or improving
prevention, assistance, and education curricula. Objectives: 1) Determine
the prevalence of students that are at an increased risk for chemical
dependence in different healthcare programs. 2) Assess the awareness of
chemical dependence among healthcare professional students. 3) Compare
students in terms of risk factors for chemical dependence between different
disciplines. 4) Compare students in terms of risk factors for chemical
dependence to the incidence of chemical dependence in their respective
field. Methods: Participants will be recruited from the different health
professional training programs in a large university. All students 18 years
of age and older will be eligible and contacted for study participation.
Demographic variables will be collected. A survey will be used to assess
participants' awareness and risks of chemical dependence. Students will be
classified as at risk for chemical dependence if they self-report a score of
≥ 4 on the Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain (SOAPP)
screening tool. Statistical analyses, such as Chi-square and ttests will be
utilized. The survey will be administered using Opinio survey software via
the respective student affairs office of each different program. Outcomes:
We will report the number and percent of students at increased risk of
chemical dependence and analyze their awareness of chemical dependence in
their respective fields.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
college
health care personnel
human
occupation
pharmacist
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
computer program
curriculum
drug abuse
education
health care
health practitioner
pain
patient
prevalence
prevention
risk
risk factor
screening
self report
statistical analysis
training
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 380
TITLE
Predictors of recovery and rate of buprenorphine dosage reduction in
veterans being treated in the buprenorphine clinic at the vawny healthcare
system
AUTHOR NAMES
Krieger K.
Krishnaswamy S.
Canzoneri J.
Hyatt J.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Krieger K.; Krishnaswamy S.; Canzoneri J.; Hyatt J.M.) Buffalo VA Medical
Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Krieger, Buffalo VA Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (288). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Studies have shown that substance abusers can be more impulsive
and may have more personality disorder traits than the general population.
Additionally, patients treated for opiate dependence often relapse. Models
of buprenorphine treatment for opiate dependence include maintaining
patients on buprenorphine therapy long term, or having buprenorphine tapered
off over time until the patient is no longer opiate-dependent and may be
discharged from the Buprenorphine Clinic. Some patients may be tapered off
of buprenorphine relatively quickly while others may be more difficult to
taper off buprenorphine requiring a longer tapering period. Having the
ability to predict which patients may benefit from a slower taper will allow
clinicians to individualize a buprenorphine treatment plan to improve
likelihood of treatment success and reduce relapse rates. Objective: This is
a prospective pilot study to determine whether impulsivity and certain
personality traits can predict how quickly buprenorphine dosage can be
reduced, and in patients who withdraw from therapy, time to relapse.
Methods: Male or female Veterans newly enrolled in the Buffalo VA
Buprenorphine Clinic, aged 18-65 years old, and excluding those with a
diagnosis of schizophrenia or Bipolar disorder, are eligible for enrollment.
Patients who consent to participate in the study are asked to complete two
questionnaires: one to evaluate impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale 11
- BIS 11) and one to evaluate personality traits (Temperament and Character
Inventory - TCI- 140). Patients are then followed through the VA electronic
chart system to monitor their rate of dose reduction and time to relapse.
Data Analysis: Two dependent variables will be evaluated: the rate of
reduction in buprenorphine dosage and the time to relapse. Weekly rate of
buprenorphine dosage reduction will be calculated as: (initial daily dosage
- final daily dosage)/number of weeks of treatment. A student T-test will be
used to evaluate the dependent variable, buprenorphine dosage reduction, and
the two independent variables, BIS-11 scores and TCI scores. Cox regression
analysis will be used to evaluate the potential relationship between BIS-11
scores, TCI scores and time to relapse. Statistical significance will be
accepted at p < 0.05.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug dose reduction
health care system
hospital
human
pharmacist
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bipolar disorder
buffalo
data analysis
dependent variable
diagnosis
female
impulsiveness
independent variable
male
model
opiate addiction
patient
personality
personality disorder
pilot study
population
proportional hazards model
questionnaire
recurrence risk
regression analysis
relapse
schizophrenia
statistical significance
Student t test
substance abuse
temperament
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 381
TITLE
Practicing hospital pharmacists mentoring pharmacy students in clinical
pharmacy: An experience from Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS)
Pakistan
AUTHOR NAMES
Muttaqi S.S.S.A.
Shamim S.
Omer M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Muttaqi S.S.S.A., shaukat_muttaqi@yahoo.com; Shamim S.; Omer M.) Dow
College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.S.S.A. Muttaqi, Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health
Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. Email: shaukat_muttaqi@yahoo.com
SOURCE
International Research Journal of Pharmacy (2012) 3:4 (148-149). Date of
Publication: April 2012
ISSN
2230-8407 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Research Journal of Pharmacy, Shiv Ganga Hospital, Lakser Rd,,
Haridwar, Uttaranchal, India.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacy education has been an important and integral part of the education
system of a country. Pharmacy education in Pakistan has grown significantly
through the ages and there are quite a few number of pharmacy schools
providing education to the students. The academia and practice had always
been disjointed in the country. Dow College of Pharmacy (DCOP) at DUHS was
established in the year 2008, with the vision to provide exemplary pharmacy
education to the students and bridging the gap between education and
practice. The intervention was made by the college through appointing
practicing faculty members, working at Dow University Hospital as clinical
pharmacists and teaching clinical pharmacy to the students at DCOP. Since no
other pharmacy school in the country had jointly appointed faculty of
pharmacy, this intervention provided opportunity to DCOP to produce quality
clinical pharmacists for the country. Under the supervision of clinical
pharmacist pharmacy students were regularly rotated to hospital and were
trained to take medication history, review patient profiles, gather &
interpret laboratory data, and identifying potential drug related problems.
Students were required to present their findings and interventions in
patient profile as case studies to clinical pharmacists and interactive
discussions were carried out by the mentors to enhance their clinical
skills. The experiment of mentoring pharmacy students through practicing
clinical pharmacist proved to be an efficient tool to develop and strengthen
clinical skills of pharmacy graduates and could serve as a role model for
other pharmacy schools in the country. © 2010 IRJP.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
medical education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health science
hospital pharmacy
human
laboratory test
medical record
Pakistan
pharmacy student
teacher
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012440124
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 382
TITLE
Psychiatric pharmacist run continuity of care clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Winans E.
Davis H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winans E.; Davis H.) University of Missouri Kansas City, United States.
(Winans E.) Truman Medical Center Behavioral Health, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Winans, University of Missouri Kansas City, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (296). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Medication nonadherence, intentional or unintentional secondary
to lack of medication access, leads to increased risk of worsening
symptomatology, rehospitalization and lapses in sobriety. Obtaining refills
at the emergency department causes undue financial expenditure. Wait time
for psychiatrist appointments may be 6-8 weeks for new patients. Psychiatric
pharmacists (PP) can provide timely medication services which may eliminate
unintentional nonadherence and engage patients earlier in treatment.
Description of Services: A continuity of care clinic (COCC) was established
for new patients or existing patients who had been recently hospitalized and
required follow-up earlier than their psychiatrist's schedule allowed. A
proposal for a PP run COCC was made to the medical director. Two afternoons
a week were devoted to the COCC. Referrals were received from intake
clinicians who identified patients who were running out of medications.
Patients were interviewed and assessed by the PP and treatment
recommendations were formulated. Assessments and treatment recommendations
were presented to an attending psychiatrist for approval. Prescriptions were
written as verbal orders and filled at the clinic pharmacy or telephoned to
an outside pharmacy. Impact on Patient Care: From 7/ 2009 to 10/2010, 129
clients were seen, with a total of 142 appointments. The time to COCC
appointment was typically 1-2 weeks. Existing patients comprised 58% of the
total patients, while 42% were new patients. Primary diagnoses included
thought, mood and anxiety disorders. Nearly half had a co-existing substance
use disorder. Medication regimens were changed for 45 patients (35%), 27
patients (21%) had medications discontinued and 32 patients (25%) had labs
ordered. Eighty-two percent of patients attended their next medication
appointment. For non-COCC patients, 2010 second and third quarter
appointment show rates were 62% and 53%, respectively. Conclusion: A PP run
COCC provides opportunities for direct medication services delivered in a
timely manner, reducing reliance on emergency department refills.
Psychiatric pharmacists ability to assess, treat and engage patients earlier
in the process of establishing care may have led to increased show rates at
subsequent psychiatrist evaluations. Further, this type of service helps
ensure continued medication therapy, which may increase adherence, and lower
the risk of relapse and rehospitalization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
hospital
human
patient care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
administrative personnel
anxiety disorder
diagnosis
drug therapy
emergency ward
follow up
hospital readmission
mood
patient
pharmacy
prescription
psychiatrist
relapse
risk
substance abuse
symptomatology
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 383
TITLE
Donepezil as a precipitating factor of mania: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Leung J.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Leung J.G.) Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of UPMC, University of
Pittsburgh, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.G. Leung, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of UPMC, University of
Pittsburgh, College of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (258-259). Date of Publication:
April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Donepezil is indicated for the treatment of mild to severe
dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease; however it has also been
studied off-label for other dementia types, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia
and tardive dyskinesia. Although well tolerated, one neuropsychiatric side
effect not reported in clinical trials is the emergence of manic symptoms.
Patient History: A 71 year-old male with a history of paranoid schizophrenia
was transferred to a psychiatric facility after concerns of increased
disorganization and response to internal stimuli. Past medical history
included alcohol dependence, cognitive disorder NOS, hypothyroidism,
hypertension and iron deficient anemia. Laboratory values on admission were
not of clinical concern. Psychotic symptoms improved with the addition of
quetiapine 400 mg at bedtime. During his stay, donepezil 5 mg daily was
initiated and titrated to 10 mg after two weeks. After the dose increase,
the patient began to exhibit euphoric mood with an increased rate and
production of speech. The patient's need for sleep decreased with a
noticeable increase in psychomotor agitation and goal directed activities.
Donepezil was suspected to have induced these symptoms which subsequently
resolved once donepezil was discontinued. The patient was successfully
discharged following placement to a nursing facility. Review of Literature:
There are no cases of donepezil-induced mania reported in
randomized-controlled trials for the FDA approved use of Alzheimer's
dementia. However, a MEDLINE search revealed a few cases of mania associated
with the initiation of donepezil. In addition, a study of donepezil aiming
to improve memory impairment in bipolar patients suggested that donepezil
may destabilize mood and worsen bipolar symptoms. The mechanism of
donepezil-induced mania is unclear but may be a result of central
cholinergic system activation causing noradrenergic and dopaminergic system
activation. Conclusion: In this case there was a clear onset and dissipation
of manic symptoms with the initiation and discontinuation of donepezil.
While appearing to be rare, there is mounting evidence that donepezil may
cause the emergence of manic symptoms in some patients. Clinicians should be
aware of this potential side effect, especially as exploration of off-label
uses increase.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
donepezil
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
quetiapine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
epidemiology
human
mania
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
Alzheimer disease
bipolar disorder
cholinergic system
clinical trial (topic)
cognitive defect
dementia
disorientation
dopaminergic system
drug dose increase
food and drug administration
hypertension
hypothyroidism
iron deficiency anemia
laboratory
male
medical history
memory disorder
mood
nursing
off label drug use
paranoid schizophrenia
patient
psychosis
randomized controlled trial (topic)
restlessness
schizophrenia
side effect
sleep
speech
stimulus
tardive dyskinesia
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 384
TITLE
Veterans' practices and beliefs concerning disposal of medication
AUTHOR NAMES
Rudisill J.
Makela E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rudisill J.) Department of Pharmacy, Charles George VA Medical Center,
Asheville, United States.
(Makela E.) Department of Mental Health, Charles George VA Medical Center,
Asheville, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Rudisill, Department of Pharmacy, Charles George VA Medical Center,
Asheville, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (292). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: In recent years proper disposal of medications has become an
area of great concern. Disposal of medications in the trash is not
considered appropriate as it leaves room for theft and drug abuse. Traces of
medications found in streams, lakes and even drinking water have resulted in
rules against flushing medications. A medication should not be given to
someone other than for whom it was prescribed, as it poses danger to that
person. Storing medications after they have been discontinued increases the
risk of consuming the wrong medications. The presence of large amounts of
unused medication is a risk factor for successful completion of suicide by
over dosage. It is well known that veterans attempt and are successful at
suicide much more frequently than non-veterans. If veterans are not
routinely practicing appropriate methods of disposal, medications may
accumulate in the household and present a risk for over dosage in patients
who are or may become suicidal. Objectives: Conduct a survey of veterans to
identify their practices and beliefs concerning the disposal of unused
medications in order to: 1. Better understand veterans' educational needs
with the goal of promoting recommended methods of disposal. 2. Facilitate
development of an effective educational program intended to improve
veterans' knowledge of proper disposal and the frequency of use of proper
procedures for medication disposal. Methods: A short questionnaire has been
designed by investigators to elicit information pertinent to achieving the
study objectives. Over a three-month period, veterans at the Charles George
VA Medical Center in Asheveille, NC, who are receiving prescriptions at the
outpatient pharmacy will be asked to complete the questionnaire by a
pharmacist. Outcomes: Results are pending. We will report demographic
information and aggregate data reflecting veterans' practices and beliefs
regarding medication disposal. Data will be analyzed to determine if there
are differences in practices and beliefs based upon demographics, previous
education about medication disposal, or medication burden. The results will
be used to facilitate development of an educational program to improve the
frequency of use of proper medication disposal.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
drinking water
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse
education
household
lake
outpatient
patient
pharmacy
plant leaf
prescription
procedures
questionnaire
risk
risk factor
suicide
theft
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 385
TITLE
Long-term opiate agreement use for chronic pain management in a Veterans
Administration (VA) setting: A retrospective chart review
AUTHOR NAMES
Dutton T.M.
Pilkinton P.
Dinoff B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dutton T.M.; Pilkinton P.; Dinoff B.) Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center,
Tuscaloosa, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.M. Dutton, Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (286). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic pain is estimated to affect more than 80 million
Americans and 50% of veterans seen in primary care clinics. Most studies of
opiate pain agreements exclude “high risk” individuals (substance abuse
histories, mental illness, legal issues, homelessness, or self-pay
patients). Veteran patients often fall into the “high risk” categories and
may be seeking care through the VA for pain issues accompanied by mental
illness, homelessness, substance abuse, or financial issues. Purpose: The
purpose of the study is to describe the naturalistic outcomes of veteran
patients on opiate agreements for chronic pain (those taking opiates for >90
days) within the VA. By conducting this study, we are seeking to identify
systemic factors that may influence the delivery of effective pain
management to veterans in the primary care setting and improve our ability
to prospectively identify veteran patients who would benefit from early
referral to a multidisciplinary pain management team since traditional
screening criteria used by specialty pain practices may not accurately apply
to the VA setting. Methods: This study will be a retrospective chart review
of veteran patients initiating treatment with opiates beginning on January
1, 2007 and proceeding consecutively until December 31, 2007. Data will be
extracted from computerized patient record system using a case report form
to develop a database which can then be analyzed. Information collected will
include demographic information, pain diagnosis, chronic medical and
psychiatric diagnoses, opiate medication(s) used, and other medications on
patient profile. The charts will be reviewed for documentation of compliance
assessments including urine drug screens, pill counts, appointment no-show
rate, and pharmacy refill history. Each chart will be reviewed for outcomes
including start/stop of opiate contract and reason for discontinuing if
stopped. A minimum of 100 charts (patients initiating opiate therapy) will
be reviewed to allow for statistical analysis and comparison. Outcomes: We
will report factors which may predict non-adherence to the opiate agreement
guidelines in a VA population and describe the naturalistic outcomes of
nonadherence to the opiate agreement guidelines (i.e., moves care to another
provider, facility, utilizes non-opiate treatments, referral to pain
clinic).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
chronic pain
college
government
human
medical record review
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case report
data base
diagnosis
documentation
drug therapy
electronic medical record
homelessness
hospital
mental disease
pain
pain clinic
patient
pharmacy
pill
population
primary medical care
psychiatric diagnosis
risk
screening
statistical analysis
substance abuse
therapy
urine
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 386
TITLE
Effect of concomitant benzodiazepine use in veterans receiving psychotherapy
for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: Efficacy and healthcare
utilization outcomes
AUTHOR NAMES
Graham R.L.
Lacro J.P.
Endow-Eyer R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Graham R.L.; Lacro J.P.; Endow-Eyer R.A.) Department of Pharmacy Service,
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.L. Graham, Department of Pharmacy Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego
Healthcare System, San Diego, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (278). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: While many studies have evaluated the use of benzodiazepines in
conjunction with psychotherapy for the treatment of anxiety disorders, the
efficacy of this combination remains unclear in PTSD. To our knowledge,
there are currently no published studies to determine the efficacy of this
combination with only a few studies evaluating benzodiazepine monotherapy in
the treatment of PTSD. Alternatively, psychotherapy as monotherapy in PTSD
has been studied in multiple trials with well-established efficacy. In
patients with other disorders, such as panic, the efficacy data for this
combination has been controversial with deleterious effects shown in some
studies. Objectives: 1. Evaluate the effect of concomitant benzodiazepine
use (overall; scheduled vs. as needed) on the treatment efficacy of
psychotherapy (cognitive processing therapy (CPT), cognitive-behavioral
therapy (CBT), prolonged exposure (PE)) in Veterans with PTSD, 2. Determine
the effect of concomitant benzodiazepine use on healthcare utilization in
Veterans with PTSD. Methods: We are conducting a retrospective chart review
from March 1, 2010 through March 1, 2011 of Veterans treated at VA San Diego
Healthcare System (VASDHS) with CPT, CBT, or PE for PTSD. Exclusion criteria
include active substance dependence recorded within 6 months prior to
psychotherapy. In terms of data collection, demographic (age, sex, race,
other psychiatric diagnoses, type of trauma, combat era) and healthcare
utilization (behavioral health hospitalizations 1 year pre-psychotherapy)
data will be collected prior to psychotherapy. Psychotherapy (CPT, PE, CBT),
medication (benzodiazepine therapy, scheduled vs. PRN dosing, therapy
duration, antidepressant prescriptions, antidepressant type), and efficacy
parameters (PTSD Checklist - Military Version (PCL-M) scores, compliance to
psychotherapy) will be collected during psychotherapy with additional
healthcare utilization data (behavioral health hospitalizations) collected
within the one year post- psychotherapy completion. Outcomes: We will report
the results of our comparisons of percentage of psychotherapy sessions
completed, change from baseline and final PCL-M scores, and behavioral
health hospitalizations both pre- and post-psychotherapy in Veterans both
with and without concomitant benzodiazepine therapy. Because benzodiazepines
are widely used to treat PTSD in combination with psychotherapy within the
VASDHS, it is important to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this
combination to determine if a treatment effect is present.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
health care utilization
human
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
psychotherapy
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anxiety disorder
army
checklist
cognitive therapy
compliance (physical)
diseases
drug therapy
health
health care system
hospitalization
information processing
injury
long term exposure
medical record review
monotherapy
parameters
patient
prescription
processing
psychiatric diagnosis
safety
substance abuse
therapy
treatment duration
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 387
TITLE
Management of hyperlipidemia and hypertension in dementia patients taking
atypical antipsychotics
AUTHOR NAMES
Thomas C.
Noel C.
Houser J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Thomas C.; Noel C.; Houser J.) Chillicothe Department of Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Thomas, Chillicothe Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (287). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are modifiable disease states
that increase the risk of cardiovascular death. In 2005 and 2008, black box
warnings for increased risk of death were added to both atypical and typical
antipsychotics. Despite the warnings associated with antipsychotics and
their use in elderly dementia patients, they are still being used to manage
agitation and aggression. This study will determine if hypertension and
hyperlipidemia (cardiovascular risk factors) are controlled effectively in
patients taking an atypical antipsychotic. Objective: To further examine the
potential cause of cardiovascular death in dementia patients focusing on
those treated with an atypical antipsychotic versus those patients who are
not. Methods: The charts of patients meeting inclusion criteria will be
reviewed to assess the primary objective. Data collected will include age,
sex, name/strength of cholinesterase inhibitor, atypical antipsychotic,
antihyperlipidemic and/or antihypertensive agent, refill history, substance
abuse history, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol readings. Patients who
are at their blood pressure goal will be defined as less than 140/90 mm Hg
(or less than 130/80 mm Hg for patients with diabetes or chronic kidney
disease) according to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Patients
who are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) goal will be defined by the Framingham
Risk Assessment Tool. At least 240 patients are required to be able to
reject the null hypothesis with probability (power) 0.8 and type I error of
0.05. An uncorrected chi-squared statistic will be used to evaluate the null
hypothesis. Outcomes: Our hypothesis is that hypertension and hyperlipidemia
are being neglected because agitation and aggression are visibly treatable
symptoms of dementia that take treatment priority. The primary outcome we
will report on is the number of patients at their respective goals for blood
pressure or cholesterol. These results will be used to compare those
patients on an atypical antipsychotic to those who are not and result in
acceptance or rejection of the null hypothesis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
atypical antipsychotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
cholesterol
cholinesterase inhibitor
low density lipoprotein
low density lipoprotein cholesterol
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
dementia
human
hyperlipidemia
hypertension
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
aggression
agitation
blood pressure
cardiovascular risk
chronic kidney disease
death
diabetes mellitus
Framingham risk score
hypothesis
medical society
null hypothesis
reading
risk
risk assessment
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 388
TITLE
Assessment of medication adherence in patients receiving antipsychotic
medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Hanson J.
Morrill G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hanson J.) Magellan Health Services of Arizona, United States.
(Morrill G.) Magellan Medicaid Administration, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Hanson, Magellan Health Services of Arizona, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (263). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Nonadherence to antipsychotic medications is a barrier to
effective treatment of psychotic disorders. Non-adherence leads to poor
outcomes and increased cost. Objectives: Our primary objective was to
determine overall adherence with antipsychotic therapy. Secondary objectives
were to determine the relationship between adherence and patient
demographics, the rate of antipsychotic polypharmacy, and the relationship
between dose and adherence. Methods: This was a retrospective claims
analysis of adult, antipsychotic claims from 2009 and 2010. HIPAA-compliant,
deidentified database elements included NDC, fill date, quantity, days
supply, age, behavioral health code, and gender. The data set was filtered
for oral, solid antipsychotics. Adherence was evaluated using Medication
Possession Ratio (MPR) and calculated as follows: MPR-LOT (total days supply
divided by total treatment days); MPR180 and MPR365 are the total days
supply over a defined period. Descriptive statistics were used to report
demographics, utilization, and adherence. Inferential statistics were used
to report relationships between adherence and other variables available.
Results: The study period included 49,816 patients receiving 431,291
prescriptions. Of these, 21,503 patients received multiple fills of a single
drug, 11,470 received more than one drug, and 4,192 received only one Rx
(excluded from analysis). Mean age was 39.7 years, with 55% female. In
patients on one medication, MPR180 was 0.802. Patients with a BH code of
substance abuse (MPR180 of 0.643) and young adults (MPR180 of 0.721 in 19-24
year olds) were less adherent. No difference in adherence was observed by
gender. Less than 35% of patients took more than one antipsychotic agent
during the time period. Assuming all patients received monotherapy, MPR180
(1.017) was higher than in patients on single agents. This is likely due to
concurrent use and cross titrations. MPR was analyzed in the subset of
patients (n = 3,289) receiving courtordered antipsychotic therapy (COT)
using MPR365 (the minimum COT period). MPR365 in those on a single agent was
0.639. Finally, the impact of dosages was analyzed. MPR180 was highest in
patients taking therapeutic doses (0.834) versus those on low (0.777) or
high (0.791) doses. Conclusions: Methods to improve antipsychotic adherence,
particularly in COT patients, are needed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
human
patient
patient compliance
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
data base
drug megadose
female
gender
health
inferential statistics
monotherapy
polypharmacy
prescription
psychosis
solid
statistics
substance abuse
therapy
titrimetry
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 389
TITLE
Management of hypertension in dementia patients taking atypical
antipsychotics
AUTHOR NAMES
Thomas C.J.
Noel C.
Houser J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Thomas C.J.; Noel C.; Houser J.) Chillicothe Department of Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.J. Thomas, Chillicothe Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (287). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are modifiable disease states
that increase the risk of cardiovascular death. In 2005 and 2008, black box
warnings for increased risk of death were added to both atypical and typical
antipsychotics. Despite the warnings associated with antipsychotics and
their use in elderly dementia patients, they are still being used to manage
agitation and aggression. This study will determine if hypertension and
hyperlipidemia (cardiovascular risk factors) are controlled effectively in
patients taking an atypical antipsychotic. Objective: To further examine the
potential cause of cardiovascular death in dementia patients focusing on
those treated with an atypical antipsychotic versus those patients who are
not. Methods: The charts of patients meeting inclusion criteria will be
reviewed to assess the primary objective. Data collected will include age,
sex, name/strength of cholinesterase inhibitor, atypical antipsychotic,
antihyperlipidemic and/ or antihypertensive agent, refill history, substance
abuse history, blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol readings. Patients who
are at their blood pressure goal will be defined as less than 140/90 mm Hg
(or less than 130/80 mm Hg for patients with diabetes or chronic kidney
disease) according to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines. Patients
who are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) goal will be defined by the Framingham
Risk Assessment Tool. At least 240 patients are required to be able to
reject the null hypothesis with probability (power) 0.8 and type I error of
0.05. An uncorrected chi-squared statistic will be used to evaluate the null
hypothesis. This abstract and poster will focus on hypertension. My
coresident's poster will focus on hyperlipidemia. Outcomes: Our hypothesis
is that hypertension and hyperlipidemia are being neglected because
agitation and aggression are visibly treatable symptoms of dementia that
take treatment priority. The primary outcome we will report on is the number
of patients at their respective goals for blood pressure or cholesterol.
These results will be used to compare those patients on an atypical
antipsychotic to those who are not and result in acceptance or rejection of
the null hypothesis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
atypical antipsychotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
cholesterol
cholinesterase inhibitor
low density lipoprotein
low density lipoprotein cholesterol
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
dementia
human
hypertension
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
aggression
agitation
blood pressure
cardiovascular risk
chronic kidney disease
death
diabetes mellitus
Framingham risk score
hyperlipidemia
hypothesis
medical society
null hypothesis
reading
risk
risk assessment
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 390
TITLE
Psychiatric pharmacist management of depression in patients with diabetes
AUTHOR NAMES
Khorsandi P.
Dopheide J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khorsandi P.; Dopheide J.A.) University of Southern California, School of
Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Khorsandi, University of Southern California, School of Pharmacy, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (289). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the outcome of depression
management in patients with diabetes referred to the psychiatric pharmacist
compared to patients whose depression was managed by their primary care
clinician. Background: Depression and diabetes are both highly prevalent
disorders, each with their own respective negative consequences when left
untreated. The presence of untreated depression in patients with diabetes
has been associated with a multitude of negative consequences, including
poor self-care and treatment adherence, worsening glycemic control, increase
in severity or number of diabetic complications, increased likelihood of
cardiovascular risk factors, higher rates of functional disability, increase
in health care use and expenditures and higher all cause mortality. A
growing body of evidence suggests that collaborative care between primary
care physicians and other healthcare providers may be an effective
intervention to improve quality of care and outcomes in patients with
depression and diabetes. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review
of individuals receiving care for a diagnosis of diabetes and also receiving
treatment for depression from the psychiatric pharmacist or their primary
care physician. Inclusion criteria for analysis is a diagnosis of diabetes
(Type 1 or Type 2) by a physician, a PHQ-9 score ≥ 10, greater than 17 years
of age and being treated for depression by the psychiatric pharmacist or
primary care provider. Patients will be excluded if they had a diagnosis of
Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia, have co-morbid substance abuse not
currently in remission or were lost to follow-up. Patients currently
receiving an anti-depressant will not be excluded, providing they met the
inclusion criteria. Data will be abstracted from the medical chart for each
group. Baseline characteristics to be collected include age, gender, weight,
BMI, PHQ-9, ethnicity, Axis I diagnosis, co-morbid diagnosis, Hemoglobin A1C
(HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), anti-depressant therapy (if
applicable) and type of diabetes. The primary outcome of this study is the
change in PHQ-9 score from baseline after four months in patients receiving
care from the psychiatric pharmacist compared to those receiving care from
their primary care provider. Results: In progress. Conclusion: In progress.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hemoglobin
hemoglobin A1c
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
diabetes mellitus
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bipolar disorder
cardiovascular risk
diagnosis
diet restriction
disability
diseases
ethnicity
follow up
gender
general practitioner
glucose blood level
glycemic control
health care personnel
health care utilization
medical record review
mortality
physician
primary medical care
remission
schizophrenia
self care
substance abuse
therapy
weight
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 391
TITLE
Tonic-clonic seizures associated with K2 use: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Gonzalez M.L.
Royce M.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gonzalez M.L.) Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of
Pharmacy, United States.
(Gonzalez M.L.; Royce M.E.) Southern Illinois University, School of
Medicine, Division of Medicine Psychiatry, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.L. Gonzalez, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville School of
Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (300-301). Date of Publication:
April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Synthetic cannabinoids are available in many states in the US
and are sold as K2, Spice, or incense products labeled “not for human
consumption.” They have become a popular alternative to marijuana, partly
because they are not detected by common urine toxicology screens and they
may produce more potent effects than marijuana. Acute concerns with
synthetic cannabinoid use include potential for serotonin syndrome, anxiety,
paranoia, hallucinations, paresthesias, tremors, hypokalemia, tachycardia,
chest pain, heart palpitations, and seizures. Patient History: This patient
is a 28 year-old Caucasian male with a past medical history significant for
partial seizures secondary to a closed-head injury sustained as a teenager.
He presented to the ED with confusion and altered mental status. The patient
experienced one episode of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure in the ED. The
patient reported using K2 intermittently for the past several months. During
the past week, he reported hyperacusis, paresthesias, extreme sensitivity to
external stimuli, anxiety, and insomnia after K2 use. Supplemental history
was given by his father at bed-side. Home medications include levetiracetam
750 mg daily for partial onset seizures, which was well controlled for
several months. Urine toxicology was negative. He was transferred to the ICU
for observation, and experienced two to three more 10 to 15 second seizures.
After 48 hours with no significant events he was discharged with
levetiracetam 500 mg twice daily and follow up appointments with neurology
and psychiatry for seizure disorder and anxiety disorder, respectively. He
refused substance abuse follow up. Review of Literature: A PubMed search1
revealed two case reports of seizures associated with confirmed synthetic
cannabinoid use and several review articles citing possibility of seizures
with synthetic cannabinoid use. Conclusion: Synthetic cannabinoids may be
more readily available may produce more toxic effects than marijuana.
Healthcare providers and individuals should be aware of these adverse
effects.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabinoid
cannabis
etiracetam
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
human
pharmacist
tonic clonic seizure
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adverse drug reaction
anxiety
anxiety disorder
Caucasian
diseases
drug therapy
father
focal epilepsy
follow up
hallucination
head injury
health care personnel
heart palpitation
hypokalemia
incense
insomnia
loudness recruitment
male
medical history
Medline
mental health
neurology
paranoia
paresthesia
patient
psychiatry
seizure
serotonin syndrome
spice
stimulus
substance abuse
tachycardia
thorax pain
toxicity
toxicology
tremor
urine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 392
TITLE
Quality analysis of the alcohol withdrawal protocol at the chillicothe VAMC
AUTHOR NAMES
Connell R.
Zeier K.
Resch B.
Thomas C.
Hanson T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Connell R.; Zeier K.; Resch B.; Thomas C.; Hanson T.) Chillicothe Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Connell, Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (290). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance after nicotine
and caffeine. One in four patients admitted to general hospital meet the
criteria for alcohol dependence. When these patients stop drinking, they are
at risk for alcohol withdrawal. The severity of alcohol withdrawal can range
from mild and asymptomatic to severe episodes causing nausea, vomiting,
tremors, and disorientation. Patients with a recurrent history of alcohol
dependence and withdrawal may be at risk for delirium tremens, seizures,
coma, and even death during alcohol withdrawal. The severity of alcohol
withdrawal a patient will experience is difficult to predict making proper
management of alcohol withdrawal also difficult. Objectives: The Chillicothe
Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) is in the process of implementing the
Chillicothe VAMC Alcohol Withdrawal Protocol. The purpose of this study is
to perform a quality analysis to see if there has been a positive or
negative effect on patient outcomes as a result of this new protocol.
Methods: This study will be completed as a retrospective cohort analysis.
Group 1 will be patients admitted to the SCU for alcohol withdrawal prior to
the staff using the Chillicothe VAMC alcohol withdrawal protocol. Group 2
will be patients admitted to the specialty care unit (SCU) for alcohol
withdrawal after the protocol has been initiated. All patient's charts are
solely from the Chillicothe VAMC, with a goal of obtaining n = 100 eligible
for inclusion into the study. Inclusion criteria: any patient at least age
18 who was treated between the dates of June 1, 1998 and June 30, 2012 for
alcohol withdrawal. Outcomes: To compare the following criteria before and
after initiation of the protocol: 1. Length of stay on medical floors, 2.
Total amounts of benzodiazepines used during alcohol withdrawal, 3. Time
from administration of first benzodiazepine to last and 4. Reports of
adverse events related to alcohol withdrawal.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
benzodiazepine
benzodiazepine derivative
caffeine
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol withdrawal
college
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
cohort analysis
coma
death
delirium tremens
disorientation
drinking
general hospital
length of stay
nausea
patient
risk
seizure
tremor
veteran
vomiting
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 393
TITLE
A case report of patient-initiated E-cigarette use and resulting 5-months
smoking cessation
AUTHOR NAMES
Schneiderhan M.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schneiderhan M.E.) Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical
Science, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Duluth, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Schneiderhan, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical
Science, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Duluth, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (297). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Although not FDA approved for smoking cessation, e-cigarettes
may play a future role in the development of an alternative treatment
option. The purpose of this case report is to describe early smoking
cessation with the use of ecigarettes. Patient History: The patient is a 51
year old Caucasian female who was referred to the psychiatric pharmacist for
comprehensive medication management due to elevated liver enzymes and
polypharmacy. The patient's current Axis I diagnoses included: Bipolar I
Disorder, Anxiety disorder NOS, recent adjustment disorder (bereavement);
alcohol dependency in remission, and tobacco dependency. Her past medical
history included: obesity, diabetes mellitus, type II, coronary artery
disease, hyperlipidemia, esophageal reflux, peptic ulcer disease, gastritis,
myopia including astigmatism, adrenal nodules, and fatty liver. During the
course of follow-up visits, the patient disclosed that she wants to quit
smoking and was prescribed nicotine replacement therapy (nicotine patches
(21mg/14mg/7 mg) and nicotine lozenges 2 mg by her primary care provider.
The patient set a tobacco cessation quit date and was given instructions to
initiate the nicotine replacement therapy on her quit date. She also was
educated on diet control. Weeks later, the patient reported quitting smoking
two days prior to her original quit date because she purchased and started
using an e-cigarette along with one nicotine lozenge per day. She described
that the nicotine patch “fell off” so she discontinued it. Weeks later she
stopped the nicotine lozenge. After 5-months, the patient had decreased her
use of e-cigarette to three cartridges per week and denied using any tobacco
cigarettes. Review of Literature: This is the first reported case of a
patient with severe mental illness who selfinitiated e-cigarettes and was
able to remain smoke free for 5 months. The major concern about e-cigarettes
is the lack of safety and efficacy research. An OVID Medline search using
the keyword “electronic cigarettes” found only 15 references pertaining
directly to e-cigarettes. Conclusion: As the FDA imposes more regulations
and controls upon e-cigarette companies, some of the uncertainties
surrounding e-cigarettes will diminish. However, additional research of
e-cigarette products is needed before they can be widely recommended by
clinicians for smoking cessation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
nicotine lozenge
nicotine patch
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
human
patient
pharmacist
smoking
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adjustment disorder
adrenal gland
anxiety disorder
astigmatism
bereavement
bipolar I disorder
Caucasian
coronary artery disease
diagnosis
diet
drug therapy
fatty liver
female
follow up
food and drug administration
gastritis
gastroesophageal reflux
hyperlipidemia
hypertransaminasemia
medical history
Medline
mental disease
myopia
nicotine replacement therapy
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
obesity
peptic ulcer
polypharmacy
primary medical care
remission
safety
smoke
smoking
tobacco
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 394
TITLE
Implementation of a symptom-triggered benzodiazepine protocol for alcohol
withdrawal on a combined internal medicine-psychiatry unit
AUTHOR NAMES
Fowler J.
Paulsen J.
Liu D.
Zeier K.
Kijewski V.
Gingerich M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fowler J.; Kijewski V.; Gingerich M.) University of Iowa Hospitals and
Clinics, United States.
(Fowler J.; Paulsen J.; Liu D.) University of Iowa, College of Pharmacy,
United States.
(Zeier K.) Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Fowler, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (284). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Use of a symptomtriggered benzodiazepine administration strategy
for treatment of alcohol withdrawal allows for individualization of dosing
based on the severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The majority of
previous studies evaluating symptom-triggered dosing strategies used the
Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA-Ar) rating scale
as a basis for benzodiazepine dosing. The CIWA-Ar is well validated for use
in evaluating alcohol withdrawal symptoms, though many of the items could be
considered subjective measurements. The University of Iowa Hospitals and
Clinics (UIHC) uses a locally-developed alcohol withdrawal scale, which
incorporates more objective measures such as blood pressure, pulse, and
temperature into the total score. Objectives: The purpose of this study is
to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of a symptom-triggered
benzodiazepine dosing protocol that is based on a locally-developed alcohol
withdrawal scale in patients admitted to a combined internal
medicine-psychiatry service. Methods: A retrospective chart review was
conducted for all patients receiving a fixed-dose benzodiazepine taper for
the treatment of alcohol withdrawal on the internal medicine-psychiatry unit
from 7/1/ 2009 to 06/30/2011. The symptom-triggered dosing protocol was
implemented on this service in July 2011, and an additional chart review
will be conducted of patients who received alcohol withdrawal treatment
according to this protocol from 7/1/2011 to 12/31/2011. Key variables used
to compare the effectiveness and safety of the two benzodiazepine dosing
strategies will include cumulative benzodiazepine dose, total number of
benzodiazepine doses administered, duration of benzodiazepine therapy, and
occurrence of seizure or development of alcohol withdrawal delirium after
initiation of treatment. Independent samples t-tests and Chi-squared
analyses will be used to compare variables between symptom-triggered and
fixed-schedule dosing groups. If significant differences exist between the
groups on baseline variables (age, gender, blood ethanol level at admission,
history of alcohol withdrawal seizures, and history of alcohol withdrawal
delirium), multiple linear regression and logistic regression equations will
be used to control for the influence of these variables in comparisons
between treatment groups on outcome variables. Outcomes: We will report
comparisons of demographic, effectiveness, and safety variables between
patients receiving a symptom-triggered benzodiazepine dosing strategy for
alcohol withdrawal and those receiving a fixed-dose benzodiazepine taper.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol withdrawal
college
human
internal medicine
pharmacist
psychiatry
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol blood level
blood pressure
comparative effectiveness
delirium tremens
gender
hospital
individualization
logistic regression analysis
medical record review
multiple linear regression analysis
outcome variable
patient
pulse rate
rating scale
safety
seizure
Student t test
temperature
therapy
treatment withdrawal
United States
university
withdrawal seizure
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 395
TITLE
Aripiprazole's effects on risperidone consta induced hyperprolactinemia: A
case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Boggs A.A.
Bihday C.
Boggs D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Boggs A.A.; Boggs D.L.) Pharmacy Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System,
West Haven, United States.
(Bihday C.) Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West
Haven, United States.
(Boggs D.L.) Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine,
New Haven, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.A. Boggs, Pharmacy Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (298). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hyperprolactinemia is a common side effect of antipsychotics
especially haloperidol and risperidone. Prolactin levels for men greater
than 20 ng/mL are indicative of hyperprolactinemia. Symptoms of
hyperprolactinemia include: lactation, breast pain, loss of libido,
hypogonadism, infertility, gynaecomastia, erectile dysfunction and possibly
osteoporosis. Patient-History: The patient is a 29 year-old Indian male
diagnosed at age 25 with chronic paranoid schizophrenia. Past medical
history includes: dyslipidemia, status post uvulectomy for benign growth;
and nicotine dependence. Patient was hospitalized in July 2009 after
attempting to jump off a bridge. During inpatient stay on 8/11/2009, patient
was started on risperidone Consta1 25 mg IM every 2 weeks and risperidone 1
mg BID. Patient responded to treatment and was continued on this regimen. A
routine serum prolactin concentration was drawn on 11/2010 showing slightly
elevated prolactin levels 21.9 ng/mL (reference 2 - 14). Oral risperidone
was discontinued on 12/2010 but risperidone Consta1 was continued allowing
patient to attend college and work. On 9/2011 a repeat serum prolactin level
was drawn showing an elevation in prolactin to 29.8 ng/ml. In October of
2011 patient started to report transient left breast tenderness and redness
(no drainage) along with sexual dysfunction. On 11/23/2011 patient was
prescribed aripiprazole 2.5 mg PO daily to treat signs and symptoms of
hyperprolactinemia. In January 2012 patient returned to clinic reporting
moderate adherence with aripiprazole (taking 4-5 times a week). Patient
reports a resolution of breast tenderness and redness with no change in
psychiatric symptoms. Patient was ordered a repeat prolactin level but did
not go to lab for procedure. Review of Literature: Several recent studies
have been published establishing the safety and efficacy of using
aripiprazole for a treatment of antipsychotic induced hyperprolactinemia in
people with schizophrenia. However, to our knowledge, this is the first
reported case where aripiprazole was used to treat hyperprolactinemia with
injectable antipsychotics. Conclusion: In cases where people with
schizophrenia are stabilized on an injectable antipsychotic and have
symptoms of hyperprolactinemia, low dose aripiprazole is a potential therapy
to improve side effects while continuing treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aripiprazole
risperidone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
haloperidol
prolactin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
human
hyperprolactinemia
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
breast tenderness
dyslipidemia
erectile dysfunction
gynecomastia
hospital
hospital patient
hypogonadism
Indian
infertility
lactation
libido disorder
low drug dose
male
mastalgia
medical history
mental disease
osteoporosis
paranoid schizophrenia
patient
physical disease by body function
procedures
prolactin blood level
safety
schizophrenia
sexual dysfunction
side effect
therapy
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 396
TITLE
Evaluation of the substance detoxification protocols in an acute psychiatric
hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Lui C.
Noh H.Y.
Yuan C.X.J.
Shankar G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lui C.; Noh H.Y.; Yuan C.X.J.; Shankar G.) Western University of Health
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Lui, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Pharmacy, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (293-294). Date of Publication:
April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
1. Background/Rationale: The updated opioid detoxification protocol and
alcohol detoxification protocol excluded phenobarbital and clonidine,
respectively, from their original protocols. The purpose for the updates was
to help better control the withdrawal symptoms from opioids/alcohol
detoxification to improve patient care. Our study was designed to compare
the efficacy of the opioid detoxification protocols with and without
phenobarbital in controlling systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood
pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR). In addition, we compared the efficacy of
the alcohol detoxification protocols with and without clonidine in
controlling SBP, DBP and HR. 2.Description of the Innovative Service: We
conducted a retrospective study of the subjects who received the opioid or
alcohol detoxification from January 2010 to January 2011. For the opioid
detoxification, we measured the number of subjects whose average SBP, DBP
and HR on day 4 reached their targets in the phenobarbital group vs.
no-phenobarbital group. Mean ± SD values were calculated for the reduction
from baseline to the 4th-day average. For the alcohol detoxification, we
measured the number of subjects whose average SBP, DBP and HR on day 3
reached their targets in the clonidine group vs. noclonidine group. Mean ±
SD values were calculated for the reduction from baseline to the 3rd-day
average. 3. Impact on Patient Care/ Institution: In the opioid
detoxification, all subjects in both groups met the targets for their
4th-day average SBP, DBP and HR. There was a statistically significant
difference in the mean 4th-day average DBP between phenobarbital group and
no-phenobarbital group (79±4 mmHg and 74 ±8mmHg, respectively; p = 0.008).
In the alcohol detoxification, all subjects in both groups met the targets
for their 3rd-day average SBP, DBP and HR, except one subject in the
no-clonidine group with the 3rd-day average DBP > 100 mmHg. However, this
was not statistically significant. 4. Conclusion: The opioid detoxification
protocol without phenobarbital and the alcohol detoxification protocol
without clonidine may be effectively implemented to patients, because
phenobarbital and clonidine do not seem to provide additional benefit in
controlling SBP, DBP or HR. However, further studies with a bigger sample
size comparing other aspects of withdrawal symptoms are needed for better
evaluation of the protocols.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
clonidine
opiate
phenobarbital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
detoxification
human
mental hospital
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
diastolic blood pressure
heart rate
patient
patient care
retrospective study
sample size
systolic blood pressure
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 397
TITLE
Evaluation of cognitive function in Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and
Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans prior to and following treatment for
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
AUTHOR NAMES
Chopra S.
Krishnaswamy S.
Saeed M.
Donnelly K.
Hyatt J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chopra S.; Krishnaswamy S.; Saeed M.; Donnelly K.; Hyatt J.) Department of
Vetarans Affairs, Western New York Health Care System, Buffalo, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Chopra, Department of Vetarans Affairs, Western New York Health Care
System, Buffalo, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (280). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: PTSD symptoms include isolation, avoidance, exaggerated startle
response, flashbacks, nightmares, and cognitive impairment: poor memory,
attention and learning. Incidence of PTSD in OEF/OIF Veterans ranges from
9-25%. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), where cognitive dysfunction is also
seen, has been called the “signature injury”of OEF/OIF Veterans, and PTSD is
commonly seen in Veterans with mild TBI (MTBI). While symptoms of MTBI
usually dissipate within a few months, cognitive impairment can persist.
Since MTBI should resolve on its own, it follows that in patients with both
diagnoses, persistent symptoms of cognitive dysfunction may improve when
PTSD symptoms improve negating the need for additional treatment for
cognitive symptoms. Objectives: 1.Determine whether there is a correlation
between changes in PTSD symptoms and changes in cognitive function.
2.Compare performance on cognitive tests in Veterans with PTSD (group A)
verses Veterans with PTSD and MTBI (group B) when treated for symptoms of
PTSD Methodology: This study will include 50 OEF/OIF Veterans between 18 and
30 years of age with baseline scores below the normal range on at least one
cognitive function test. Exclusion criteria include: previous treatment for
PTSD, moderate to severe TBI, comorbid diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar
disorder, or neurologic disorder other than migraine headache,
colorblindness and use of medications that may alter cognitive function.
Subjects will be evaluated at baseline and 3 months for: PTSD symptoms using
the PTSD Checklist-Military version (PCL-M), cognitive function using 7
cognitive function tests, mood changes using Beck Depression Inventory-2
(BDI-2) and Beck Anxiety Index (BAI), and alcohol consumption using the
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Medications used to treat PTSD
will be assessed (by class). Spearman Correlation Coefficient will be used
to evaluate the relationship between changes in PTSD symptoms scores and
cognitive function test scores. Kruskal-Wallis test will be used to
determine differences in changes in cognitive function between the two
groups. Significance will be accepted at p < 0.05. ANOVA will be used to
evaluate nominal data for other independent variables associated with
changes in cognitive scores including percent change from baseline in PCL-M,
BDI-2, BAI, alcohol use, and medications used to treat PTSD.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognition
college
human
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
alcohol use disorder
analysis of variance
anxiety
army
Beck Depression Inventory
bipolar disorder
checklist
cognitive defect
correlation coefficient
diagnosis
drug therapy
function test
headache
independent variable
injury
Kruskal Wallis test
learning
memory
methodology
migraine
mood change
neurologic disease
nightmare
patient
schizophrenia
startle reflex
traumatic brain injury
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 398
TITLE
Methadone-induced bowel perforation and fecal peritonitis: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Perry R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Perry R.) Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health
Sciences, Long Island University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Perry, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
Long Island University, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (299). Date of Publication: April
2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Methadone, a synthetic opiate, is one of the mainstays of
therapy for detoxification in opioid dependency. Similar to other opiates,
constipation is one of the common adverse effects observed during treatment
with methadone. Constipation results from delayed gastrointestinal transit,
reduced propulsion, increased anal sphincter tone, reduced gastrointestinal
secretions and contraction strength. Perforation of the colon can result
from pressure of an impacted fecal mass, due to severe constipation. Unlike
other adverse effects of methadone, such as nausea and sedation, tolerance
to the constipating effects rarely develops. Patient-History: The patient is
a 71 year old Caucasian male with a past medical history significant for IV
heroin abuse, emphysema and right iliac arterial occlusion with stents, was
brought into the emergency department with a chief complaint of abdominal
pain and multiple episodes of emesis over the past 24 hours. The patient was
being managed on Methadone 50 mg daily for the past 20 years. Presenting
symptoms included decreased appetite, pain upon swallowing, abdominal pain
and nausea for 3 days and admitted for generalized abdominal pain. A CT scan
showed that the patient had a dilated colon, with distended loops of both
the large and small bowel, and severe fecal impaction. The patient was taken
to the operating room and received a sub-total colectomy. The patient was
treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for management of fecal peritonitis.
Two weeks later, the patient developed acute respiratory failure and was
placed on a ventilator. Several attempts to wean the patient for the
ventilator had failed. Thirty-three days after admission, the patient
expired due to complications of bowel perforation. Review of Literature: A
MEDLINE search revealed few cases of methadone induced bowel perforation and
fecal peritonitis. This has rarely been reported to be fatal. Conclusion: In
this patient case, bowel perforation developed secondary to maintenance
treatment with methadone, which proved to be fatal. When managing a patient
on methadone maintenance therapy, it is important to complete a thorough
evaluation and monitor the patient for constipation. Clinicians should
implement effective regimens preventative strategies and treatment plans in
patients at risk.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
diamorphine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
human
intestine perforation
peritonitis
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal pain
abuse
acute respiratory failure
adverse drug reaction
anus sphincter
artery occlusion
Caucasian
computer assisted tomography
constipation
decreased appetite
detoxification
emergency ward
emphysema
feces impaction
gastrointestinal secretion
gastrointestinal transit
maintenance therapy
male
medical history
methadone treatment
nausea
operating room
pain
patient
perforation
risk
sedation
small intestine
stent
swallowing
therapy
total colon resection
ventilator
vomiting
weaning
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 399
TITLE
Effects of intravenous nicotine on symptomology and cognition in
schizophrenia
AUTHOR NAMES
L. Boggs D.
Madonick S.
D'Souza D.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(L. Boggs D.) Pharmacy Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West
Haven, United States.
(Madonick S.; D'Souza D.C.) Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare
System, West Haven, United States.
(L. Boggs D.; Madonick S.; D'Souza D.C.) Department of Psychiatry, Yale
University, School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. L. Boggs, Pharmacy Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2012) 25:2 (259-260). Date of Publication:
April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Tampa, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-29 to 2012-05-02
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Several nicotine administration studies have been conducted in
people with schizophrenia with varying results on psychiatric and cognitive
effects. One source of heterogeneity in these studies could be the route of
administration. To our knowledge, all studies to date have used either an
inhaled or transdermal delivery; methods that have significant
pharmacokinetic variability. The aim of this study is to determine the
effects of nicotine on symptomology and cognition in schizophrenia using
weight based intravenous administration. Methods: Medically stable
participants with DSM-IV diagnosed schizophrenia who were nicotine
dependent, participated in a three day randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled crossover study. The three test days were separated by at
least 7 days in a counterbalanced order within 6 weeks. During each session
participants received intravenously administered normal saline, nicotine
0.0315 mg/kg (low dose), or nicotine 0.054 mg/kg (medium dose) over 3 hours.
Symptomology as measured by the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS)
at baseline and 3 time points during the infusion and one 30 minutes after.
Cognitive testing included a computerized visual stimuli continuous
performance task (Gordon Task) and the Stroop Color-Word Interference Task
(Stroop). Participants also had vital signs monitored during the infusions
and completed an 18-item Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after each
administration of the PANSS to evaluate subjective experiences. Results:
Nine participants (8 males/1 female) received at least 1 infusion. No
adverse events were reported but 2 people withdrew after 1 administration,
both participants received placebo. No significant changes were detected
between placebo and the low or medium dose of intravenous nicotine on the
total of subscales of the PANSS. Similarly no improvements in cognition were
detected from either dose of nicotine compared to placebo on the Stoop or
the Gordon Task. Conclusions and Future Directions: Intravenous nicotine did
not show any beneficial effect on psychiatric or neurocognitive symptoms in
people with schizophrenia who are already nicotine dependent. However, this
method proved to be safe and can be used in future studies to determine both
behavioral and neurobiological effects (e.g. neuroimaging) of nicotine in
schizophrenia using standardize doses to better control for pharmacokinetic
heterogeneity between subjects.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
sodium chloride
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cognition
college
human
pharmacist
schizophrenia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
color
crossover procedure
female
infusion
intravenous drug administration
low drug dose
neuroimaging
pharmacokinetics
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
transdermal drug administration
visual analog scale
visual stimulation
vital sign
weight
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012441353
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 400
TITLE
Pharmacist educational interventions program for outpatients with chronic
heart failure
AUTHOR NAMES
Florit M.
Barrantes M.
Luque S.
Berenguer N.
Comín-Colet J.
Carmona A.
Salas E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Florit M.; Barrantes M.; Luque S.; Berenguer N.; Comín-Colet J.; Carmona
A.; Salas E.) Hospital de Mar, Pharmacy, Barcelona, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Florit, Hospital de Mar, Pharmacy, Barcelona, Spain.
SOURCE
European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Science and Practice (2012) 19:2
(93). Date of Publication: April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 European Association of Hospital Pharmacists, EAHP Congress
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Milan, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-21 to 2012-03-23
BOOK PUBLISHER
BMJ Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Background: Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) take several medicines
and frequently manage their medicines inappropriately. In our hospital, a
postdischarge pharmacist educational interventions program (PEIP) has been
introduced as a part of a multidisciplinary CHF disease management program.
Purpose: To describe CHF patient profiles, adherence, treatment knowledge
and detection of drug-related problems (DRP) through the PEIP. To analyse
the relation between DRPs detected and CHF patient characteristics.
Materials and methods: Prospective observational study including all CHF
patients attending the PEIP from May 2010 to August 2011. Data:
demographics; New York Heart Association (NYHA) class; mean ejection
fraction (EF); cardiovascular risk factors (CRF); self-administration of
medicine (SA); self-reported adherence to diet (AD) and medicine (AM) and
motivation (M) (Modified Morisky Scale); knowledge of CHF medicines: %dose
(D), frequency (F) and indication (I); contraindicated drugs (CID) and DRP
(DRP1: did not use a needed medicine; DRP2: used a medicine not needed;
DRP3: ineffective treatment; DRP4: infradose; DRP5: overdose; DRP6: adverse
reaction) and cases of acute decompensation. Statistical test: χ(2) and
Fischer exact test for dichotomous variables and t-test for continuous
variables. Results: Patients: 75. Patient profile: 54 (72%) male; age:
71.8±1.3; patients/NYHA class: I: 2 (2.7%); II: 58 (77.3%); III: 14 (18.7%);
IV: 1 (1.3%), EF< 45%: 42(56%); smokers: 20(26.7%); alcohol consumption:
17(22.7%). Adherence and knowledge: SA: 41(54.7%); AD: 56(74.7%); AM:
75(100%); M: 61(81.3%); Mean knowledge of CHF medicine: DFI: 29.7%± 32.0;
DF: 47.8%± 41.5; patients who were aware of CID: 12(16%). DRP: 17 patients
(22.7%); DRP1: 9 (12%); DRP2: 2(2.7%); DRP3: 6 (8%); DRP4: 3 (4%); DRP5: 2
(2.7%); DRP6: 4(5.3%). Patients with decompensation: 11(14.7%). Comparison
between patients with and without DRP: decompensated: 5/17(29.4%) versus
6/58(10.3%)(p=0.05); SA: 12/17(70.6%) versus 29/58(50%)(p=0.134). No other
significant differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusions
The PEIP evaluated the adherence and knowledge of the treatment in CHF
patients and allowed us to detect DRPs in about 23% of the patients. The
presence of any DRP was only correlated with acute decompensation and
self-administration of drugs, suggesting the importance of an appropriate
CHF treatment self-management.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
heart failure
hospital
human
outpatient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
alcohol consumption
cardiovascular risk
diet
disease management
drug self administration
heart
heart ejection fraction
intoxication
male
motivation
observational study
patient
self care
smoking
Student t test
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2012-000074.22
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 401
TITLE
Applicability of an adapted medication appropriateness index for detection
of drug-related problems in geriatric inpatients
AUTHOR NAMES
Somers A.
Mallet L.
Van Der Cammen T.
Robays H.
Petrovic M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Somers A., annemie.somers@uzgent.be; Robays H.) Department of Pharmacy,
Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
(Mallet L.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montréal, QC, Canada.
(Mallet L.) Department of Pharmacy, McGill University Health Centre,
Montreal, QC, Canada.
(Van Der Cammen T.) Department of Geriatrics, Erasmus Medical Center
Rotterdam, Netherlands.
(Petrovic M.) Department of Geriatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Gent,
Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Somers, Department of Pharmacy, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan
185, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Email: annemie.somers@uzgent.be
SOURCE
American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy (2012) 10:2 (101-109). Date of
Publication: April 2012
ISSN
1543-5946
1876-7761 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background: High drug consumption by older patients and the presence of many
drug-related problems require careful assessment of drug therapy, for which
a structured approach is recommended. Objective: The purpose of our study
was to evaluate the applicability of an adapted version of the Medication
Appropriateness Index (MAI) in 50 geriatric inpatients at the time of
admission. Methods: We reviewed, for 432 prescribed drugs, indication, right
choice, dosage, directions, drug-disease interactions, drug-drug
interactions, and duration of therapy. In addition, adverse drug reactions
were evaluated, resulting in 8 questions per drug. MAI scores were
attributed independently by a geriatrician and by a clinical pharmacist, and
differences between them were assessed. Furthermore, the relationship
between MAI score and drug-related hospital admission was explored. Results:
Mean summed MAI scores of 13.7 according to the geriatrician and 13.6
according to the pharmacist were obtained. The highest scores were found for
drugs for the central nervous and the urinary tract system; the highest
scores per question were detected for right choice, adverse drug reactions,
and drug-drug interactions. A good agreement between the scores of the
geriatrician and the pharmacist was found: intraclass correlation
coefficient was 0.91 and overall κ value was 0.71. A significantly higher
MAI score was found for drug-related hospital admissions (P = 0.04 for the
geriatrician and P = 0.03 for the pharmacist). Conclusions: This adapted MAI
score seems useful for detection of drug-related problems in geriatric
inpatients and reliable with a low inter-rater variability and positive
correlation between high score and drug-related hospital admission. We
consider further application of the adapted MAI for teaching and training of
clinical pharmacists, and as a systematic approach for detection of
drug-related problems by the clinical pharmacists in our hospital. © 2012
Elsevier HS Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
antiinflammatory agent
cardiovascular agent
central nervous system agents
respiratory tract agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
potentially inappropriate medication
scoring system
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
central nervous system
clinical article
drug fatality
drug indication
drug use
female
geriatric patient
hospital admission
hospital patient
hospitalization
human
inflammation
length of stay
male
observational study
pain
pharmacist
priority journal
reliability
respiratory system
retrospective study
treatment duration
urinary tract
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012205247
MEDLINE PMID
22304791 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22304791)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjopharm.2012.01.003
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 402
TITLE
Assessment of pharmaceutical interventions in a clinical pharmacokinetics
unit
AUTHOR NAMES
Marzal Alfaro B.
Flox Benitez P.
Martin Barbero M.L.
Manzanares Secades C.
De Lorenzo Pinto A.
Yeste Gómez I.
Sanjurjo Sáez M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Marzal Alfaro B.; Flox Benitez P.; Martin Barbero M.L.; Manzanares Secades
C.; De Lorenzo Pinto A.; Yeste Gómez I.; Sanjurjo Sáez M.) Hospital General
Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Pharmacy, Madrid, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Marzal Alfaro, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Pharmacy,
Madrid, Spain.
SOURCE
European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy: Science and Practice (2012) 19:2
(197). Date of Publication: April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 European Association of Hospital Pharmacists, EAHP Congress
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Milan, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-21 to 2012-03-23
BOOK PUBLISHER
BMJ Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmaceutical interventions are a method of ensuring the
efficacy and safety of treatments. Purpose: To classify pharmaceutical
interventions made by a pharmacy resident in the pharmacokinetics unit of a
tertiary hospital and evaluation of acceptance by the clinician. Materials
and methods: For one month, The authors reviewed electronic prescriptions of
drugs with a narrow therapeutic range in medical and intensive care wards.
Pharmacokinetics studies were performed using the PKS software package and
reports were issued to the patient's physician. Pharmaceutical interventions
were classified according to the method described by Overhage et al, which
measures the gravity of medication errors and the value of clinical
interventions made by the pharmacist. Drug-related problems were classified
according to the Granada Consensus. Results: Thirty-two patients (84% of
those reviewed) were evaluated. The drugs prescribed were digoxin (55%),
valproic acid (20%), vancomycin (11%), phenytoin (7%) and amikacin (7%). The
authors made 29 pharmaceutical interventions (the remaining patients had
drug levels within the therapeutic range), with a degree of acceptance of
93%. Interventions were classified as follows: 'dosing error (DE) consisting
of a very low dose of a drug that is not potentially life-saving' (10/29);
'DE consisting of a very low dose of a potentially life-saving drug'
(10/29); 'DE resulting in potentially toxic concentrations' (3/29);
'inappropriate dosing interval' (3/29); 'clinically significant interaction
requiring follow-up' (2/29); 'adverse events related to precautions or
contraindications' (1/29). The classification of interventions according to
clinical importance were life-threatening (34%), serious (14%), and
significant (52%). Drug-related problems were classified as quantitatively
ineffective (20/29), qualitatively ineffective (2/29); quantitatively unsafe
(4/29), qualitatively unsafe (3/29). Conclusions Most of the patients
required a pharmaceutical intervention to adjust their treatment. All
interventions made had a relevant clinical impact, as they involved
high-risk drugs with a narrow therapeutic range. The most common
drug-related problem was quantitative inefficacy due to underdosing.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amikacin
digoxin
phenytoin
valproic acid
vancomycin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
human
pharmacist
pharmacokinetics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
computer program
consensus
electronic prescribing
follow up
gravity
intensive care
low drug dose
medication error
patient
pharmacy
physician
risk
safety
tertiary health care
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2012-000074.295
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 403
TITLE
Optimising drug therapy with pharmacistconducted medication review in
hemodialysis patients: A collaborative approach
AUTHOR NAMES
Melissa C.M.Y.
Li C.L.
Yeng K.G.
Chee O.W.
Mui N.S.
Terk C.W.
Lina C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Melissa C.M.Y.; Li C.L.; Yeng K.G.; Chee O.W.; Mui N.S.; Terk C.W.)
Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
(Lina C.) Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital,
Singapore.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.M.Y. Melissa, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital,
Singapore.
SOURCE
American Journal of Kidney Diseases (2012) 59:4 (A28). Date of Publication:
April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
National Kidney Foundation 2012 Spring Clinical Meetings
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-05-09 to 2012-05-13
ISSN
0272-6386
BOOK PUBLISHER
W.B. Saunders
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis are at
high risk of drug-related problems (DRPs). They usually have multiple
co-morbidities which require a cocktail of medications. One strategy is to
include a clinical pharmacist in the renal multidisciplinary team to
optimize pharmacotherapy and improve patient's care. The objectives of this
study were to determine the prevalence of DRPs and pharmacists'
interventions in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A retrospective
observational study was conducted at Medication Management Clinic by
pharmacists from March to November 2011 in Singapore General Hospital. The
study population were hemodialysis patients referred by renal physicians for
a comprehensive medication review prior to their clinic appointment. The
pharmacist collected relevant information using direct interview and medical
record review process. A written report with recommendations was submitted
to the doctor to aid clinical decision making. Data were analysed using
descriptive statistics on patients' demographic, types of DRPs and
interventions made. Results: Twenty nine (75%) renal patients visited the
pharmacist for a medication review. A total of 388 medications were reviewed
and 93 DRPs identified. The top 3 DRPs were non-adherence (33.5%), untreated
indication (15.1%) and drug without indication (8.6%). Seven types of
interventions by pharmacists were identified mainly were, educational
(35.2%), addition of drug (22%), discontinuation of drug (14.7%).
Conclusion: At least 3 DRPs were identified per patient reviewed by
pharmacists. DRPs in hemodialysis patients have been associated with poor
health related outcomes. A collaborated medication management approach
between the pharmacist and physician will help to address drug related
issues and improve patient care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
hemodialysis patient
human
kidney
non profit organization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical decision making
general hospital
health
hemodialysis
hospital
interview
kidney failure
medical record review
medication therapy management
morbidity
observational study
patient
patient care
pharmacist
physician
population
prevalence
risk
Singapore
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 404
TITLE
Online notification: A real progress for pharmacodependence's cases
AUTHOR NAMES
Lomenech H.
Gerardin M.
Rousselet M.
Vigneau C.
Jolliet P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lomenech H.; Gerardin M.; Rousselet M.; Vigneau C.; Jolliet P.) Centre
d'Evaluation et d'Information sur la Pharmacodépendance (Nantes), Nantes
Cedex, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Lomenech, Centre d'Evaluation et d'Information sur la Pharmacodépendance
(Nantes), Nantes Cedex, France.
SOURCE
Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology (2012) 26 SUPPL.1 (70). Date of
Publication: April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Meeting of French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, the
79th Annual Meeting of Society of Physiology, the 33th Pharmacovigilance
Meeting, the 13th APNET Seminar and the 10th CHU CIC Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dijon, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-04 to 2012-04-06
ISSN
0767-3981
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objective: France is one of the only european countries that has a specific
system dedicated to drugs abuse and dependence potential evaluation (Centre
for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependence, CEIP Network). Records
of dependence or abuse cases are notified by health professionals. This
system suffers from an under-notification especially by the hospital
professionals. To increase and facilitate the collection of notifications,
it has been decided to work on a computer tool in Nantes University
Hospital. This work aims at presenting the different steps of the
development of a software for pharmacodependence's notifications in the
hospital. Methods: Call for tender: a company has been chosen to develop a
software for the notifications. The software had to be clear, simple,
attractive and intuitive for the users. Adaptation of the software: many
workshops have been planned to tailor the actual system of notification to
the software. It has been adapted to the dependence criteria. Choose of test
departments: among the departments that notified most, four have been chosen
to test the software. Training: staffs have been trained to declare
dependence's cases with this new tool. Launch in the entire hospital
Results: The software is installed in every computer of the hospital and
operational is the four test departments. In each test department, almost
one person masters the software and is able to notify and to explain to the
staff. The date for the launch in the entire hospital and a training
campaign are planned. Discussion: This new tool facilitates spontaneous
pharmacodependence's notifications in Nantes University Hospital. An impact
assessment in a few months will evaluate the increase of spontaneous
notification since the software's launch. This online system should also
increase exchanges between the hospitals departments and the CEIP and could
be a tool to send pharmacodependence's messages or alerts. According to the
results it would be interesting to adapt this software for pharmacists and
general practitioners.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
pharmacology
physiology
society
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adaptation
computer
computer program
France
general practitioner
health practitioner
hospital
human
online system
pharmacist
university hospital
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01032.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 405
TITLE
Eating patterns among heroin users: a qualitative study with implications
for nutritional interventions.
AUTHOR NAMES
Neale J.
Nettleton S.
Pickering L.
Fischer J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Neale J.) Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University,
Oxford, UK.
(Nettleton S.; Pickering L.; Fischer J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Neale, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University,
Oxford, UK. Email: jneale@brookes.ac.uk
SOURCE
Addiction (Abingdon, England) (2012) 107:3 (635-641). Date of Publication:
Mar 2012
ISSN
1360-0443 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To provide new insights into heroin users' eating patterns in order to
inform nutritional interventions. Seventy-seven audio-recorded in-depth
interviews which elicited detailed data on eating patterns. Community and
residential drug services, pharmacies and peer support groups in Southern
England, UK. Forty current or ex-heroin users (21 men and 19 women), of whom
37 (20 men and 17 women) were re-interviewed after 3 months. Audio data
transcribed verbatim, coded systematically and analysed inductively. Heroin
users' eating patterns were influenced by individual, social, cultural,
economic and environmental factors. During active heroin use, participants
consumed quick, convenient, cheap and sweet foods, ate infrequently and had
little interest in food. Eating patterns often improved during stays in
residential services and after heroin cessation. Ex-heroin users began to
take pleasure in food preparation and eating and identified therapeutic
benefits to cooking. Initially, weight gain was experienced positively, but
subsequently generated anxieties as participants, particularly women,
struggled to control their appetite and worried about becoming overweight.
Findings complement and add to previous research and sociological and
anthropological literatures. Heroin users have dysfunctional eating patterns
that are amenable to change and community and residential services could
enable them to experience the many health, psychological and social benefits
of improved eating practices. Nutritional interventions need to be tailored
to individual needs and circumstances, but also monitored and evaluated so
that there is a future evidence base. © 2011 The Authors, Addiction © 2011
Society for the Study of Addiction.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
feeding behavior
heroin dependence (rehabilitation)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
diet therapy
eating
female
human
male
middle aged
nutritional support
psychological aspect
residential care
socioeconomics
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21933297 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21933297)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03660.x
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 406
TITLE
Ethanol in herbal medicinal products for children: No toxicological concerns
AUTHOR NAMES
Kelber O.
Steinhoff B.
Nauert C.
Biller A.
Adler M.
Abdel-Aziz H.
Okpanyi S.N.
Kraft K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kelber O.; Abdel-Aziz H.; Okpanyi S.N.) Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH
Scientific Department, Havelstr. 5, Darmstadt, Germany.
(Kelber O.; Steinhoff B.; Kraft K.) Kooperation Phytopharmaka Working Group
Efficacy and Safety, Plittersdorfer Str. 218, Bonn, Germany.
(Steinhoff B.) Bundesverband der Arzneimittel-Hersteller, Ubierstr. 71-73,
Bonn, Germany.
(Nauert C.) Cassella-med GmbH and Co. KG, Gereonsmühlengasse 1, Köln,
Germany.
(Biller A.) Dr. Loges + Co. GmbH, Schützenstr. 5, Winsen, Germany.
(Adler M.) Institute for Integrative Medicine Siegen, Sohlbacher Str. 20,
Siegen, Germany.
(Kraft K.) University of Rostock, Center of Internal Medicine,
Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, Rostock, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Kelber, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH Scientific Department,
Havelstr. 5, Darmstadt, Germany.
SOURCE
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (2012) 385 SUPPL. 1 (S44)
CONFERENCE NAME
Abstracts of the 78th Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V.
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dresden, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-19 to 2012-03-22
ISSN
0028-1298
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag
ABSTRACT
Ethanol is a component of many herbal fluid preparations [1], since it is an
excellent extraction solvent for the phytochemical components of herbal
drugs and contributes to the stability of these medicines. Toxicological and
pharmacokinetic evaluations [2] have shown that the small amounts of ethanol
applied with therapeutic doses are safe even in children. Despite that these
medicines have been used safely since many decades, they have occasionally
been subject of discussion in the public, triggered by the increasing
problem of recreational abuse of alcoholic beverages by children and young
persons [3, 4]. Therefore, there is a growing need of a systematic
evaluation of pharmacovigilance data on these medicines. For evaluating the
experience gained from the therapeutic use of these medicines, 16 pro- and
retrospective studies with 10 herbal medicinal products containing ethanol
at doses of 40 to 240 mg per single dose, depending on the age group, have
been analyzed, covering 49 816 patients of 0-12 years of age. In these
studies, altogether 15 adverse drug effects have been described, none of
which was attributable to the ethanol content of the medicines. In a survey
of the worldwide use of these and other 6 herbal medicinal products it was
shown that during the past few years, more than 764 Mio daily doses have
been sold, corresponding to more than 33 Mio of patients (data obtained from
manufacturers; figures available partly from 1993 onwards, partly from
2003/4 onwards). From the packages sold in Germany in the years between 2005
and 2009, 48.1 Mio were attributable to self-medication, 10.8 Mio to
prescriptions reimbursed by health insurance (IMS, Frankfurt). As non
prescription medicines are reimbursed in Germany only in children, at least
the latter part of the prescriptions can be attributed mainly to children.
All of these medicines are registered or licensed by regulatory authorities.
Adverse effects are covered by the pharmacovigilance system, and no adverse
effects attributable to the ethanol content have been reported. This set of
data supports the conclusion drawn from the experience of a safe use over
decades, i.e. that the ethanol content of herbal medicinal products does not
give any causes for concern regarding their safety even in children.
Dedication: This contribution is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Hilke Winterhoff,
Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Münster, who died
on 9 May 2010. She has initiated this work.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
herbaceous agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
child
human
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adverse drug reaction
alcoholic beverage
drug surveillance program
drug therapy
Germany
groups by age
health insurance
liquid
patient
pharmacokinetics
pharmacology
prescription
retrospective study
safety
self medication
single drug dose
solvent extraction
toxicology
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-012-0736-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 407
TITLE
Preliminary pharmacognostical standardization of portulaca oleracea linn
AUTHOR NAMES
Mir P.A.
Mukhtar H.M.
Ali B.
Yadav S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mir P.A.; Mukhtar H.M.; Ali B.; Yadav S.) Natural Product Research
Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, S.B.S. College
of Pharmacy, Chuslewar Morh, Patti, Tarn Taran, Punjab, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.A. Mir, Natural Product Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy
and Phytochemistry, S.B.S. College of Pharmacy, Chuslewar Morh, Patti, Tarn
Taran, Punjab, India.
SOURCE
Planta Medica (2012) 78:5. Date of Publication: March 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
11th Annual Oxford International Conference on the Science of Botanicals,
ICBS 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Oxford, MS, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-04-16 to 2012-04-19
ISSN
0032-0943
BOOK PUBLISHER
Georg Thieme Verlag
ABSTRACT
Portulaca oleracea, commonly known as purslane, belongs to the family
Portulaceae. It has been used as folk medicine in many countries for its
diuretic, febrifuge, antiseptic, antimicrobial effects [1]. The plant
investigated was authenticated by the Centre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy
Department of Botany, University of Kashmir. Systematic pharmacognostical
evaluation of dried powdered plant of purslane has been carried out
according to WHO guidelines involving, microscopy, physicochemical
parameters, chemical reactions and fluorescent analysis [2] etc.
Physicochemical evaluation results like total ash values, foreign matter,
moisture content was found to be 23.25%, 2.23%, 3.45% respectively. Tannin
content was found to be 3.02%. Cold, hot and successive extraction was done
by different solvents with increasing polarity like petroleum ether,
benzene, ethyl acetate, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, hydro alcoholic and
water. The highest extractive value was found in water [3]. The results
provide useful data that is essential for standardization and
characterization of this medicinal herb.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetic acid ethyl ester
alcohol
antiinfective agent
benzene
chloroform
diuretic agent
methanol
petroleum ether
solvent
tannin
water
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Portulaca oleracea
standardization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
biodiversity
chemical reaction
extraction
foreign body
herb
India
microscopy
moisture
parameters
plant
Portulacaceae
taxonomy
traditional medicine
university
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1307531
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 408
TITLE
Pharmacists' involvement in the use of a prescription monitoring program
AUTHOR NAMES
Primeaux B.
Chelette C.
Smith C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Primeaux B., primeabc@warhawks.ulm.edu; Chelette C.; Smith C.) University
of Louisiana at Monroe, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Primeaux, University of Louisiana at Monroe, College of Pharmacy, United
States. Email: primeabc@warhawks.ulm.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (236). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Due to the increasing incidence of prescription drug diversion,
30 of the 50 states have begun implementing a Prescription Monitoring
Program (PMP). This controlled drug data tracking system can be an effective
tool in combating this growing problem. Since 2008, our Board of Pharmacy
has been evaluating the total number of dispensers and providers using the
PMP; however, data detailing feelings and/or use of the program have not
been studied. The objective of this study was to assess pharmacists'
knowledge, opinions, and usage of the PMP and reasons for not using the
program. Methods: All registered pharmacists in the state were invited to
participate in an online survey. This 16-question IRBapproved survey allowed
for multiple choice answers and open-ended comments. The data collected was
divided by geographic region and pharmacy practice setting. Descriptive
statistics were used to measure a difference between community and chain
pharmacists utilization of the PMP. Results: Approximately 46% of the 659
pharmacists surveyed have dispensing access to the PMP and 25.9% access it
daily. Of those that do not have access to the PMP, 14.4% stated, “There is
already a pharmacist that I work with that has access,” and 13.3% stated it
was “Too time consuming” as their reason for not acquiring access. Results
determined that the southwest region of the state has the most pharmacists
with access to the PMP (53.49%), while the northeast has the lowest
(37.65%). A significant difference (P = 0.004) was found when comparing
percentage access of independent vs. chain pharmacists. Conclusion:
Educating pharmacists and student pharmacists about the use of the PMP prior
to dispensing controlled substance prescriptions may prevent more patients
from obtaining frequently abused medications. The data collected has been
shared with the Board of Pharmacy and educational programs are underway to
address concerns.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
controlled substance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
monitoring
pharmacist
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
drug therapy
multiple choice test
patient
pharmacy
prescription drug diversion
statistics
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 409
TITLE
Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide modulators and other current treatment strategies
for Alzheimer's disease (AD)
AUTHOR NAMES
Lukiw W.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lukiw W.J., wlukiw@lsuhsc.edu) Louisiana State University Health Sciences
Center, LSU Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Ophthalmology and Human
Genetics, 2020 Gravier Street, New Orleans, LA 70112-2272, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.J. Lukiw, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, LSU
Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Ophthalmology and Human Genetics, 2020
Gravier Street, New Orleans, LA 70112-2272, United States. Email:
wlukiw@lsuhsc.edu
SOURCE
Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs (2012) 17:1 (43-60). Date of Publication:
March 2012
ISSN
1472-8214
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, 69-77 Paul Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common, progressive neurological
disorder whose incidence is reaching epidemic proportions. The prevailing
"amyloid cascade hypothesis," which maintains that the aberrant proteolysis
of beta-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) into neurotoxic amyloid beta (Aβ)
peptides is central to the etiopathology of AD, continues to dominate
pharmacological approaches to the clinical management of this insidious
disorder. This review is a compilation and update on current pharmacological
strategies designed to down-regulate Aβ42 peptide generation in an effort to
ameliorate the tragedy of AD. Areas covered: This review utilized online
data searches at various open online-access websites including the Alzheimer
Association, Alzheimer Research Forum; individual drug company databases;
the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Medline; Pharmaprojects database;
Scopus; inter-University research communications; and unpublished research
data. Expert opinion: Anti-acetylcholinesterase-, chelation-,
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist-, statin-, Aβ immunization-,
β-secretase-, γ-secretase-based, and other strategies to modulate βAPP
processing, have dominated pharmacological approaches directed against
AD-type neurodegenerative pathology. Cumulative clinical results of these
efforts remain extremely disappointing, and have had little overall impact
on the clinical management of AD. While a number of novel approaches are in
consideration and development, to date there is still no effective treatment
or cure for this expanding healthcare concern. © 2012 Informa UK, Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amyloid beta protein (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2,2 dimethyl n (2,4,6 trimethoxyphenyl)dodecanamide (drug therapy,
pharmacology)
avasimibe (drug therapy)
azd 103 (drug therapy, pharmacology)
bapineuzumab (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous
drug administration)
beta secretase inhibitor (clinical trial, drug therapy)
bexarotene (drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmacology)
cholinesterase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
cts 2166 (clinical trial, drug therapy)
dimebon (clinical trial, drug therapy)
donepezil (clinical trial, drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy,
pharmacoeconomics, pharmacology)
fluindostatin (drug therapy)
galantamine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug
therapy, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacology)
gamma secretase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
homotaurine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (drug therapy,
pharmacology)
Melissa officinalis extract (drug therapy)
memantine (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
mevinolin (drug therapy)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
nootropic agent (drug therapy, pharmacology)
pravastatin (drug therapy)
rivastigmine (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy,
pharmacoeconomics, pharmacology)
Salvia officinalis extract (drug therapy)
semagacestat (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
simvastatin (drug therapy)
solanezumab (clinical trial, drug therapy)
tacrine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
tarenflurbil (drug therapy)
unclassified drug
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Alzheimer disease (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (drug therapy)
article
autism (drug therapy)
blood brain barrier
brain disease (side effect)
brain edema (side effect)
cardiovascular disease (side effect)
cerebrovascular disease (side effect)
chelation therapy
cognitive defect (side effect)
dementia (drug therapy)
depression (drug therapy)
dose response
drug cost
drug efficacy
extrapyramidal syndrome (side effect)
gastrointestinal disease (side effect)
gastrointestinal hemorrhage (side effect)
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (drug therapy)
glaucoma (drug therapy)
headache (side effect)
health care need
human
hyperplasia (side effect)
immunization
immunopathology (side effect)
liver failure (side effect)
liver toxicity (side effect)
lung disease (side effect)
Melissa officinalis
multiple sclerosis (drug therapy)
neuropathic pain (drug therapy)
neuropathology
neuroprotection
nonhuman
nystagmus (drug therapy)
obsessive compulsive disorder (drug therapy)
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
protein processing
Salvia officinalis
socioeconomics
systemic lupus erythematosus (drug therapy)
tinnitus (drug therapy)
treatment outcome
treatment planning
unspecified side effect (side effect)
urogenital tract disease (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
alzhemed
aricept Pfizer
azd 103
bapineuzumab Pfizer
ci 976
cts 2166
exelon
flurizan
ly 2062430
namenda Forest
nivalin
razadyne
reminyl
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Forest
Pfizer
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2,2 dimethyl n (2,4,6 trimethoxyphenyl)dodecanamide (114289-47-3)
amyloid beta protein (109770-29-8)
avasimibe (166518-60-1, 166518-61-2)
bapineuzumab (648895-38-9)
bexarotene (153559-49-0)
dimebon (12687-54-6, 20684-30-4, 3613-73-8, 97657-92-6)
donepezil (120011-70-3, 120014-06-4, 142057-77-0)
fluindostatin (93957-54-1)
galantamine (1953-04-4, 357-70-0)
homotaurine (3687-18-1)
memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1, 51052-62-1)
mevinolin (75330-75-5)
pravastatin (81093-37-0, 81131-70-6)
rivastigmine (129101-54-8)
semagacestat (425386-60-3)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
solanezumab (955085-14-0)
tacrine (1684-40-8, 3198-41-2, 321-64-2)
tarenflurbil (51543-40-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012177323
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14728214.2012.672559
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 410
TITLE
Implementing a substancesof-abuse outreach program in the rochester city
school district
AUTHOR NAMES
Jarbe R.
Piette N.
Dave C.
Parkhill A.
Lull M.
Mathews J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jarbe R., rlj08314@sjfc.edu; Piette N.; Dave C.; Parkhill A.; Lull M.;
Mathews J.) St. John Fisher College, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Jarbe, St. John Fisher College, United States. Email: rlj08314@sjfc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (280). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: This program aims to provide substances of abuse education to
local high school students. Methods: An outreach program, modeled after the
National Institute on Drug Abuse instructional materials, was developed by
student pharmacists and faculty for delivery to the Rochester City School
District. Strict regulations prevented admittance into any classrooms until
the program was presented to all health teachers at a districtwide meeting.
Approval was given to begin working in the classrooms in April 2011. The
program was first adopted in two health education classes at Edison Tech
(May 2011). Information was presented to students using lecture, small group
discussion, and printed materials. The topic covered, marijuana, was based
on the teacher's preference. A formative assessment was used to address
student perceptions of the program due to the small number of students in
each of the classes (n = 5-7). The teacher of record in the classroom
conducted the assessment interviews. Results: Student feedback included
comments such as, “We liked them and appreciate the time they took to come
in,” “I didn't know about pharm parties” and, “I learned a lot”. Feedback
from the teacher also reflected the positive impact of the program in his
classroom: “There is a perception that the outside community does not care
about urbanites and this program at the very root reverses that dynamic very
clearly. My hope is that we can develop an ongoing relationship.”
Conclusion: The timing of program approval by the school district impeded
broad implementation for spring 2011; however, plans are in place for
several schools in spring 2012. The opportunity to pilot the program with
Edison Tech was beneficial and provided valuable feedback for improvement.
Student pharmacists are in a unique position to provide this education and
are viewed as approachable and nonthreatening to high school-aged students.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
city
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
education
feedback system
health
health education
high school
high school student
hope
human
interview
national health organization
pharmacist
student
teacher
urban population
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 411
TITLE
Geriatrics care clinic: Medication profiling and outcomes amongthe elderly
in a rural community-philippine model
AUTHOR NAMES
Catolico K.
Torres D.
Quilala P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Catolico K., kyla1113catolico@yahoo.com.ph; Torres D.; Quilala P.)
University of Santo Tomas, Philippines.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Catolico, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines. Email:
kyla1113catolico@yahoo.com.ph
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (216). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: (1) For target population to benefit from intervention of the
pharmacy team, (2) for student pharmacists to acquire competency in elderly
medication counseling, (3) for pharmacy faculty to instruct experiential
learning to student pharmacists, and (4) to evaluate the efficiency of
program and pharmacist participation through QOL surveys performed by a
pharmacy team. Methods: Inclusion: elderly individuals at least 60 years of
age from an unserved rural community. Phase 1: medication profiling, general
health assessment, QOL-SF36 evaluation, adherence monitoring (Morisky Scale)
conducted on-site. Phase 2: electrocardiography, radiography, sonography
through mobile clinic to rationalize patients' drug usages. Medication
brought on-site. Phase 3: reassessment of medication use through
house-to-house medication profiling which deployed teams. Student
pharmacists obtained medication related data, performed initial counseling.
An academic pharmacist supervised student interview and augmented medication
counseling. A Community Health Worker, knowledgeable of the community and
constituents, will be trained through reinforcement strategies for program
sustainability. Results: Total: 38 clients (mean age 72). Medication
profile: 57% not taking prescription medications however indicated, 23% one
prescription medication, 22% two or more prescription medications, 41%
herbal medicine, 58% OTC drugs. Electrocardiography: 59% NSR, 38% needs
treatment, 23% no medication. Chest radiography: 4% normal findings, 39%
needs treatment, 28% no medication. Kidney ultrasound: 60% normal kidneys,
urinary bladder, 40% abnormal results without medication. General health is
fair to very good which changed from somewhat worse to fair health.
Conclusion: Detection of medication use-related problems: drug-herbal
interactions, expired medication use, omitted medications, is more efficient
during house calls. Observed diverse medication use patterns. Clients
subsequently educated on appropriate drug handling and use. Data from mobile
clinic augmented and individually tailored medication counseling to clients.
Follow-up data on adherence, lifestyle modifications, disease management
counseling, and baseline QOL revealed need for subsequent visitations to
community and creation of collaborative partnership through referral system
to medical specialties.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aged
drug therapy
geriatrics
hospital
human
model
rural population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bladder
community
counseling
disease management
drug use
echography
electrocardiography
experiential learning
follow up
health
health auxiliary
herbal medicine
interview
kidney
lifestyle modification
medicine
monitoring
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
population
prescription
professional practice
program sustainability
radiography
reinforcement
student
thorax radiography
ultrasound
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 412
TITLE
Contributions to patient care from P3 IPPE students during an
interprofessional older adult home visit
AUTHOR NAMES
Ali S.
Spiteri K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ali S., ao5292@wayne.edu; Spiteri K.) Wayne State University, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Ali, Wayne State University, United States. Email: ao5292@wayne.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (221). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To quantify medication use and classify drug related problems
(DRPs) discovered by third-year student pharmacists (P3s) during medication
reviews performed in older adult homes during interprofessional team visits.
Methods: During an interprofessional collaborative learning experience with
second- year medical students, P3s conducted a medication therapy management
(MTM) review including a comprehensive medication history and assessment of
the older adult's pill box and medication storage in the home. Medication
calendars and DRP recommendations were prepared by each P3 and finalized
with a pharmacy preceptor. Older adults, who had been recruited from
community centers, church groups, and geriatric specialty centers, granted
assent to use of their information. During the second visit or phone call,
the P3 explained the recommendations and calendar to the older adult. Two
second-year student pharmacists categorized medications and classified
severity of DRPs related to medicine benefits and side effects using the
Severity of Error in Medication Order scale (AJHP 99;56:2449). Discrepancies
were resolved by discussion between the student evaluators. Descriptive
statistics were calculated with SPSS version 19. Results: 80 older adults
used 8.9 ± 3.9 medications (prescriptions, herbals, and over-the-counters;
total 711) and had 10.7 ± 5.7 DRPs (range 2-23; total 861). Cardiovascular
medications were the most commonly used medications (3.3 ± 1.7 medications).
The most common DRP recommendation categories were medicine benefit and side
effects (22%), monitoring (19%), patient education (17%), lifestyle (17%),
and adherence (16%). The highest DRP subtype was starting an
over-the-counter medication for untreated condition. The majority of patient
education recommendations were related to immunizations. Most medicine
benefit and side effects DRP severities (total 191) were classified as
significant (61%) or minor (34%) with 5% of the recommendations considered
serious, with patients encouraged to see health care provider soon.
Conclusion: Student pharmacist involvement in home visit MTM reviews was
effective at identifying important DRPs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
human
patient care
professional practice
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
drug therapy
health care personnel
immunization
learning
lifestyle
medical student
medication therapy management
monitoring
patient
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
pill
prescription
religion
side effect
statistics
storage
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 413
TITLE
Advanced training and implementation of pharmaceutical care for inherited
metabolic disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Utz J.R.
Hazaert J.
Whitley C.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Utz J.R.; Hazaert J.; Whitley C.B.) Department of Experimental and Clinical
Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Fairview, Minneapolis, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Utz, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University
of Minnesota, Fairview, Minneapolis, United States.
SOURCE
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism (2012) 105:3 (357-358). Date of
Publication: March 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
2012 Meeting of the Society for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, SIMD 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Charlotte, NC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-31 to 2012-04-03
ISSN
1096-7192
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Press Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmaceutical Care (PC), also known as Medication Therapy
Management (MTM), is a formal clinical service that identifies, resolves and
prevents drug therapy problems. PC/MTM services are now provided in an
increasing number of primary care settings, and have been shown to improve
clinical outcomes and reduce overall healthcare costs in common chronic
disease states. Although PC/MTM is globally acknowledged as a valued
clinical service for common chronic conditions, its usefulness in rare
diseases and specialty practices has not been explored. Although training in
PC/MTM is required curriculum at most colleges of pharmacy in the United
States, training for PC/MTM in specialty practices has not been available.
The orphan diseases known as inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) include
conditions that require care from multiple specialty providers and treatment
with numerous and costly medications, including orphan drugs, and provides a
useful model for studying the value of providing PC/MTM training and
services in rare diseases. Objectives/Methods: We instituted a 2-year
post-doctoral, i.e., post-PharmD, training program, the Pharmacotherapy and
Pharmacogenetics of Inherited Metabolic Diseases Residency, to provide
advanced clinical practice training in PC/MTM for IMD, explore the
usefulness of PC/MTM towards improving clinical outcomes, and compare the
role of PC/MTM in specialty diseases to PC/MTM in the primary care setting.
Results: During the first 2-year training program PC/MTM was provided for
patients with lysosomal storage diseases and PKU as standard care in the
Advanced Therapies Clinic at the University of Minnesota. Clinical care
advancements for IMD patients that were realized through PC/MTM services
included: 1) identifying 3 major types of infusion reactions to enzyme
replacement therapies (ERT); 2) establishing methods for successfully
managing all 3 types of infusion reactions; 3) instituting a medication
treatment regimen for the gangliosidoses; 4) improving management of
neuropathic pain management in Fabry disease patients; 5) instituting a
formal process for evaluating Fabry disease pain; and 6) implementing
systematic pharmacogenetic evaluations of medications. Clinical research
experiences gained by the resident include: 1) initiating a clinical trial
to study treatment of Fabry disease neuropathic pain; 2) submission of an
FDA IND for Fabry disease pain trial; 3) manuscript writing; 4) grant
writing; 5) on-site industry training; and 6) presenting abstracts at 4
international scientific meetings. Conclusions: The addition of a PharmD to
the clinical team can enhance the number and value of clinical program
offerings in specialty practice clinics. A clinical practice and research
residency or fellowship training program, such as the Pharmacotherapy and
Pharmacogenetics of Inherited Metabolic Disorders PharmD Residency, provides
a method for training PharmD graduates in advanced clinical practice skills
and research skills necessary for improving clinical outcomes in rare
diseases.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
orphan drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
metabolic disorder
pharmaceutical care
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
chronic disease
clinical practice
clinical research
clinical trial
college
curriculum
diseases
drug therapy
enzyme replacement
Fabry disease
food and drug administration
gangliosidosis
graduate
health care cost
hospital
human
industry
infusion
lysosome storage disease
medication therapy management
model
neuropathic pain
pain
patient
pharmacogenetics
pharmacy
phenylketonuria
primary medical care
publication
rare disease
skill
therapy
training
United States
university
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.01.004
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 414
TITLE
Interprofessional student volunteers integrated into a medication
reconciliation program serving university-affiliated clinics
AUTHOR NAMES
Trang C.
Lu J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Trang C., cindyltr@usc.edu; Lu J.) USC, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Trang, USC, School of Pharmacy, United States. Email: cindyltr@usc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (233). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To (1) integrate trained student pharmacists into safety-net
entities and perform medication reconciliation services, (2) improve
medication safety by identifying and resolving potential adverse drug events
(pADEs) and adverse drug events (ADEs), and (3) involve students from other
health disciplines in the medication reconciliation process. Methods:
Volunteer student pharmacists were trained on medication reconciliation,
with the scope of each student's involvement dependent on the years of
schooling completed. Under the supervision of a clinical pharmacist, these
student pharmacists committed to performing medication reconciliation
services for the university-affiliated safety net clinics and documenting
medication safety interventions including potential adverse drug events and
adverse drug events using intervention forms and categories aligned with
national recognized standards. Students from other health professions were
invited to participate and were trained on-site by student pharmacists. The
impact of the program on patient safety (using the intervention form) and
the changes in student perceptions of and attitudes about interdisciplinary
care (using a validated health profession student survey) will be measured.
Data will be aggregated to summarize the percentage of patients receiving
medication reconciliation who had at least one drug-related problem
identified, types of medication-related problems identified, medication
safety interventions, severity of pADEs and ADEs, and actions taken to
resolve medication-related problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
human
medication therapy management
student
university
volunteer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
drug therapy
health
occupation
patient
patient safety
pharmacist
safety
safety net hospital
school
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 415
TITLE
General awareness of pharmacovigilance programmes in medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Bommareddy M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bommareddy M., manasvi_999@hotmail.com)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Bommareddy, Email: manasvi_999@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Australasian Medical Journal (2012) 5:1 (113-114). Date of Publication: 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
4th International Medical Students' Research Conference of the Forum for
Medical Students' Research (India)
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Mumbai, India
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-12 to 2011-05-14
ISSN
1836-1935
BOOK PUBLISHER
Australasian Medical Journal Pty Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the
detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or
any other drug-related problem.The awareness about clinical trials and
pharmacovigilance in India has not reached to it's maximum amongst the
health care professionals. One of the key skills that undergraduate medical
students should develop during their training is to be prepared for safe
medical practice. This concept is usually diluted or ignored in most medical
curricula. Medical students should play a more active role in reporting the
adverse drug reactions.Aims: To evaluate the level of awareness of
Pharmacovigilance programs among medical students. Materials and Methods
Study center and population: Students of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal,
with a background of pharmacology. 2- 3 months . Study validation: This
qualitative questionnaire based study has questions validated by experienced
professionals. The study protocol tool was examine and validated by
conducting a well designed pilot study. Study sample size: 196, according to
WHO Epi info softwar. 325 ScoringA) Questions answered correcLy poinB)
Questions answered incorrectly +00 poinC) Questions with multiple answers
+01 points for each anser Analysis and management: Descriptive statistics
and multiple response analyses will be conducted using SPSS 16 software
(SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill). A p-value less than 0.05 will be considered
significant. Results A total of 196 students participated. Among the four
categories of the questionnaire survey, students were excellent (>60%
reciprocated with positive response) in first one, importance of
pharmacovigilance. In the second category, status of PV in india, majority
of them had good concept (35% answered excellently, 34% good and 29% gave
poor response). In the third one, causality assessment and ADR's reporting
many were ignorant (>90% poor knowledge). However they scored better in
adverse reactions and events (>50% answered correctly). Conclusions Students
scored average and their knowledge was less than expected. Hence it is
mandatory to educate students at the grass root level.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
dihydrotachysterol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
human
India
medical student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
clinical trial (topic)
computer program
curriculum
epidemiology
grass
health care personnel
medical practice
medical school
pharmacology
pilot study
population
prevention
questionnaire
sample size
skill
statistical significance
statistics
student
United States
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 416
TITLE
Primary medication adherence among patients transitioning from hospital to
home care
AUTHOR NAMES
Backes A.
Rizos A.
Pricor L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Backes A., andrea.c.backes@gmail.com; Rizos A.; Pricor L.) Sharp
HealthCare, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Backes, Sharp HealthCare, United States. Email: andrea.c.backes@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (205-206). Date
of Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective is to determine the effect of a pharmacy resident-
led intervention on primary medication adherence among patients
transitioning from hospital to home care (HC). Methods: This is a
randomized, controlled trial. Patients discharged from the hospital and
admitted to HC will be eligible if they have congestive heart failure or
take >10 medications. Patients being evaluated for heart transplants will be
excluded. Eligible patients will be visited by the pharmacy resident prior
to discharge. Written informed consent and pharmacy information will be
obtained. The control group will receive usual care, which consists of
discharge medication counseling by a nurse and medication reconciliation by
a HC clinician. The intervention group will be visited by the pharmacy
resident prior to discharge (phase I) and at home within 5 days after
discharge (phase II). Phase I will consist of reviewing the discharge
medication list for drugrelated problems (DRPs), discussing DRPs with
hospitalist, and medication counseling. Phase II will consist of comparing
medication bottles to discharge medication list and identifying DRPs to
address with the primary care provider. The primary outcome will be primary
medication adherence within 5 days of discharge. The pharmacy resident will
call patients' pharmacies to determine whether newly prescribed medications
were picked up by the patients. For intervention patients, this will be
physically confirmed during the home visit. For control patients, this will
be electronically confirmed by the assessment done by the HC clinician.
Secondary outcomes will be frequency of 30-day readmissions and 30-day
emergency department visits. All data analyses will be performed using
Stata. Continuous variables will be compared using the student's t test, and
categorical data will be compared using chi-square test. Data analyses will
include descriptive analyses of patient demographics, rate of primary
medication non-adherence, and factors associated with primary medication
non-adherence.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
home care
hospital
human
medication compliance
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chi square test
congestive heart failure
control group
counseling
data analysis
drug therapy
emergency ward
heart graft
hospital readmission
informed consent
medication therapy management
nurse
pharmacy
primary medical care
professional practice
randomized controlled trial
Student t test
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 417
TITLE
Indicators of the pharmaceutical care service at the University of Southern
Santa Catarina
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Indicadores do serviço de atenção farmacêutica (SAF) da universidade do sul
de santa catarina
AUTHOR NAMES
Alano G.M.
dos Santos Corrêa T.
Galato D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Alano G.M., graziela.alano@unisul.br; dos Santos Corrêa T.; Galato D.)
Departamento de Ciencias biologicas e da Saude e de Ciencias Sociais
Aplicadas, Universidade do Sul de, Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio
Moreira787, Dehon. 88704-900 Tubarão SC, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. M. Alano, Departamento de Ciencias biologicas e da Saude e de Ciencias
Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade do Sul de, Santa Catarina, Avenida José
Acácio Moreira 787, Dehon. 88704-900 Tubarão SC, Brazil. Email:
graziela.alano@unisul.br
SOURCE
Ciencia e Saude Coletiva (2012) 17:3 (757-764). Date of Publication: March
2012
ISSN
1413-8123
1678-4561 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Associacao Brasileira de Pos, Av. Brasil, 4036-sala 700 Manguinhos, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
Pharmaceutical Care has represented a new clinical practice for pharmacists.
This study aims to show the indicators of the Pharmaceutical Care Service at
the University of Southern Santa Catarina. Documentary analysis of
pharmaceutical records of 58 patients was conducted between September 2007
and March 2008 to identify the indicators. Most patients were women (77.6%),
with a mean age of 54 years. Average number of health problems per patient
was 4.6 in the first visit and 4.3 in the last one. The most widely used
drug classes were cardiovascular (30.2%) and nervous system (27.5%). On
average, 2.7 drug-related problems per patient were detected, the most
common being those related to effectiveness and safety. Of the problems
identified, 82.2% were classified as preventable and 63.7% as manifested.
Pharmaceutical interventions registered 79.0% of acceptance, of which 78.9%
had positive results. On average, there were 2.6 patient- related needs,
especially regarding questions about drug therapy (30.4%), which were
positively answered in 84.8% of cases. These indicators show that the
pharmaceutical care service is very active in promoting health education.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care quality
hospital pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Brazil
cross-sectional study
female
human
male
middle aged
standard
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Portuguese
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
MEDLINE PMID
22450418 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22450418)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000300023
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 418
TITLE
Effective delivery of pharmaceutical palliative care: Challenges in the
community pharmacy setting
AUTHOR NAMES
Akram G.
Bennie M.
McKellar S.
Michels S.
Hudson S.
Trundle J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Akram G., gazala.akram@strath.ac.uk; Bennie M.; Hudson S.) Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde,
161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom.
(Akram G., gazala.akram@strath.ac.uk; Trundle J.) NHS Greater Glasgow and
Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
(Bennie M.) NHS National Services Scotland, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
(McKellar S.; Michels S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Akram, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences,
University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United
Kingdom. Email: gazala.akram@strath.ac.uk
SOURCE
Journal of Palliative Medicine (2012) 15:3 (317-321). Date of Publication: 1
Mar 2012
ISSN
1096-6218
1557-7740 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Mary Ann Liebert Inc., 140 Huguenot Street, New Rochelle, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Medication, particularly analgesia, is an important component of
palliative care. However, timely access to medication, particularly opioids,
can become problematic for patients receiving palliative care in the
community setting. In Scotland in 2009, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde Health
Board (NHS GG&C), in partnership with Macmillan Cancer Support, established
a programme to improve the local provision of pharmaceutical palliative care
services with the appointment of Macmillan Pharmacist Facilitators.
Researchers at the University of Strathclyde were commissioned to support
the development and evaluation of this new service. We report the findings
of this initial investigation into the provision of current palliative care
services and outline an evidence-based action plan to support service
improvement. Methods and results: Qualitative data were gathered using focus
group interviews. Three key themes were identified: medication supply,
communication, and education and training. Conclusions: The study findings
have been used to develop an evidence-based action plan for the Macmillan
Pharmacist Facilitators. This program of work is due for completion by
December 2012. © Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2012.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care delivery
palliative therapy
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug monitoring
evidence based practice
general practitioner
health care planning
human
interpersonal communication
medical education
medical practice
pharmacy
prescription
qualitative analysis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012146909
MEDLINE PMID
22339286 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22339286)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2011.0262
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 419
TITLE
“Brown bag” CMRs: Review of the medicine cabinet
AUTHOR NAMES
Hilsabeck K.
Shepley A.
Currie J.
Sorofman B.
Catney C.
Schroeder M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hilsabeck K., kyle.hilsabeck11@gmail.com; Currie J.; Sorofman B.; Catney
C.; Schroeder M.) University of Iowa, United States.
(Shepley A.) Shepley Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Hilsabeck, University of Iowa, United States. Email:
kyle.hilsabeck11@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (232). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Document the value of reviewing a patient's actual medication
containers during comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs). Methods: A
qualitative approach using case studies will evaluate a new pharmacy
service. Patients using medications to improve glycemic control in diabetes
(target n = 10) will be invited to participate in a Comprehensive Medication
Inventory Review (CMIR) which will review all of the patient's actual
medication containers including prescription, OTC, herbals, and supplements.
Prior to the visit, medication reconciliation (MedRec) will be performed by
the resident pharmacist using only the patient, pharmacy, and doctor
records. The patient will then be instructed to collect all medication
containers from home and bring them to a CMIR interview at a later date. The
CMIR, completed by the resident pharmacist, will be similar to the MedRec
only it will include the review of actual medication containers. The
medication lists obtained by MedRec and CMIR will be compared to identify
discrepancies. A follow-up survey will assess patient perception of the CMIR
service. Financial data will be collected to examine any changes in monthly
medication costs to the payers and cost of program delivery. Numbers of
potential ADRs, drug related problems identified, and drug interactions will
be recorded.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medicine chest
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case study
diabetes mellitus
drug interaction
drug therapy
follow up
glycemic control
hospital department
human
interview
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
prescription
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 420
TITLE
Evaluation of medication therapy management services for patients with
cardiovascular disease
AUTHOR NAMES
Wittayanukorn S.
Westrick S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wittayanukorn S., szw0022@tigermail.auburn.edu; Westrick S.) Auburn
University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Wittayanukorn, Auburn University, United States. Email:
szw0022@tigermail.auburn.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2012) 52:2 (240). Date of
Publication: March-April 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Orleans, LA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-03-09 to 2012-03-12
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of
medication therapy management (MTM) services among patients with
cardiovascular diseases on clinical and economic outcomes from the
self-insured employer perspective. The first objective is to evaluate the
impact of MTM services on improving in clinical outcomes among patients with
cardiovascular diseases. The second objective is to evaluate the impact of
MTM services on economic outcomes among patients who received MTM services
compared with those who received usual care. Methods: Study designs: this
study consists of two retrospective cohort designs: a pre-post cohort study
(objective 1: clinical outcomes) and a cohort with comparison groups study
(objective 2: economic outcomes). Main outcome measures: (1) clinical
outcomes: changes in blood pressure, lipid panel, body mass index, and
drug-related problems, and (2) economic outcomes: changes in total health
expenditure and cost saving. Participants and setting: beneficiaries who
enrolled in Auburn University's health plan between January 2008 and June
2011. They must be 19 years old or older and diagnosed with cardiovascular
disease conditions. For the MTM group, they must receive at least one MTM
encounter from Auburn University Pharmaceutical Care Center (AUPCC). The
first MTM encounter will be assigned as the index date. Both groups (MTM and
control) must obtain at least two prescriptions for cardiovascular disease
condition to obtained baseline (the index date) and 6-month values.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
lipid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cardiovascular disease
human
medication therapy management
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood pressure
body mass
cohort analysis
cost control
employer
health
health care cost
pharmaceutical care
prescription
study design
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2012.12510
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 421
TITLE
Preliminary work before a professional practice assessment in the French
alcohol withdrawal hospital care. The difficulty of establishing a complete
data collection record
AUTHOR NAMES
Tritz T.
Paradis M.
Lecoeur A.
Lebas-Certain M.
Le Mercier F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tritz T.; Lecoeur A.; Lebas-Certain M.; Le Mercier F.) Pharmacie,
Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
(Paradis M.) Equipe Mobile D'addictologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré,
Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Tritz, Pharmacie, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (152-153). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction In France, there has been a regular decrease of the alcohol
consumption over the last fifty years. Although this level has been halved,
the french consumption is still the third one in Europe and stays a major
public health problem. In order to harmonize practices of alcohol withdrawal
during hospitalization, a consensus conference have been organized in Mars
1999. Despite its usefulness, the consensus left many questions unanswered.
Materials & Methods In order to run a professional practice assessment in
our hospital, we decided to design a data collection record. The study took
part in our internal medecine department during 2 months, from December to
February 2011. To realize this preliminary work, several tasks needed to be
done: • Creation, evaluation and optimization of the data collection record
by using the consensus conference's recommendations • Redaction of a precise
and reproductible methodology The collection record was made in
collaboration with an addiction specialist doctor. The sections studied
were: patient identification, history of addictive disorder, medication,
therapeutic management and biological monitoring. The collections were made
by a pharmaceutical team once the methodology explained. Results Twelve
collections were completed by the pharmacy resident and 4 pharmacy students.
Several findings were made with these first collections: • Most records were
complete (8 over 12) • The lack of several fields regarding for example the
social context or the co morbidities • The need of optimization of the
sections “history of addictive disorder” (needed in 9 cases over 12) and
“therapeutic management” (10 cases over 12) Discussions, Conclusion
Following these findings, the record has been optimized and completed to
improve the quality of the survey and the subsequent analysis. Details of
the social context of the patient were necessary, having a direct link with
the project support offered to the patient. The “history of addictive
disorder” was remodeled in tabular form, allowing the record of previous
attempts to quit, and the length of abstinence. The “therapeutic management”
was also presented in tabular form in order to monitor dose adjustments,
particularly the gradual dose's reduction of benzodiazepine used. The
understanding and the feasibility of the survey were proved, most records
being complete. Additional oral explanations of the record collection will
be included to explain the methodology. The quality of the data collection
record and the methodology is a very important step in the establishment of
a professional practice assessment. The evaluation is planned for the second
semester of 2011.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol withdrawal
clinical pharmacy
hospital care
information processing
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
addiction
alcohol consumption
astronomy
biological monitoring
consensus
diseases
drug dose reduction
drug therapy
Europe
France
hospital
hospitalization
human
medical specialist
methodology
morbidity
patient
patient identification
pharmacy
pharmacy student
physician
public health problem
social environment
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 422
TITLE
Community pharmacy practice in Pakistan: From past to present -A review
AUTHOR NAMES
Javeed A.
Mahmood K.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Javeed A., ayesha2022@gmail.com) Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.
(Mahmood K.T.) DTL, Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Javeed, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Email: ayesha2022@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (2012) 4:2 (1703-1708). Date
of Publication: February 2012
ISSN
0975-1459 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmainfo Publications, No.2,Plot No.18, Valmiki Street, Saligramam, India.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacy services in Pakistan have experienced both evolutionary and
revolutionary changes since 1947. The pharmaceutical sector always remained
regulated at different levels. The changes in legislation are also the
contributing factor to uplifting of the pharmacy profession. The misuse and
abuse of medicines remained a big issue at retail/ community level. Sale of
medicines and this business remained in the hand of non qualified personnel
for a long time. With time the pharmacists interest increased at community
level and now the quality of services are improving but not up to the mark.
While in comparison with the developed countries like U.K and U.S.A, where
Community pharmacists are expanding patient care services and have enhanced
their role as pharmaceutical care providers. The pharmacy profession in
Pakistan is continuously evolving. The aim of this review is to explore
history for evolutionary and revolutionary changes in community pharmacy
practice in Pakistan and to highlight the current scenario in Pakistan.
Pharmacists in Pakistan are concerned about their present professional role
in the health care system. The healthcare services in community pharmacies,
currently insignificant, must undergo reforms to meet the changing needs of
modern medicines users. Although pharmacists' contributions to health care
are not recognized yet, there is every reason to be optimistic toward making
patient care in community pharmacy setting a success. For this, legislation
must be reformed to give identity to the pharmacist and educational system
for pharmacists has to be adapted.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Pakistan
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
commercial phenomena
community
drug abuse
drug marketing
drug misuse
education
health care policy
health care quality
health care system
health service
history
law
legal aspect
patient care
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
review
United Kingdom
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012110653
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 423
TITLE
Nominative daily delivering: How can we improve this approach?
AUTHOR NAMES
Skalli S.
Dalzotto M.
Cois M.
Peix P.
Lacombe A.
Carouge P.
Loureiro M.
Guerin S.
Aitichou M.
Parat S.
Thivolet C.
Rioufol C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Skalli S.; Dalzotto M.; Cois M.; Aitichou M.; Parat S.; Rioufol C.)
Département de Pharmacie Clinique et du Médicament, Lyon, France.
(Peix P.; Lacombe A.; Carouge P.; Loureiro M.; Guerin S.; Thivolet C.)
Département d'Endocrinologie Nutrition, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, Lyon,
France.
(Rioufol C.) Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, EMR 3738, Lyon, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Skalli, Département de Pharmacie Clinique et du Médicament, Lyon, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (200). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Clinical pharmacy deployment involves drug supply chain safety
from prescription to administration. One of the key steps of this process
implies nominative daily delivery (NDD). However, this approach, supposed
rational and easy, doesn't provide complete satisfaction. In fact, little is
known about the current incidence of drugs related problems due to NDD. We
aimed to describe main errors identified by Endocrinology healthcare team,
which has since November 2010 a pharmacy staff including two pharmacy
technicians, one resident and one senior pharmacist. Materials & Methods We
designed a prospective observational study, during 6 months from January to
June 2011, in 2 care units, conventional (21 beds) and weekly (16 beds)
hospitalization, in Endocrinology department in University Teaching Hospital
Lyon Sud, Lyon, France. Errors were reported by the medical team on the
basis of prepared drugs versus prescribed ones (missed pills, excess dosing
error, and drugs error). They were analyzed by the pharmacy team and
classified into: possibly attributable to pharmacy team responsibility ones
or none. Results Over the period of the study, 132 errors occurred and were
reported by 15 nurses and distributed as follows: 90 reported in the
conventional unit and 42 in the weekly hospitalization one. These errors
affected mainly antihypertensives drugs (28.0%), central nervous system
drugs (12.12%) and oral antidiabetics (11.3%). After analysis, 28.0% of the
errors were explained and involved pharmacy team responsibility within 22.4%
reported in conventional hospitalization and 35.71% in weekly
hospitalization. These errors were mainly missed pills (66.6%). None of them
had clinical significance or impact. Discussions, Conclusion This study
highlights one of iatrogenic aspects of nominative daily distribution, and
shows that the final check by the nursing team remains needed to address
them. However, knowing error characteristics was helpful in designing
initiatives to reduce them. We designed pharmacy technicians specialized in
Endocrinology area allowing better prescriptions follows up from
hospitalization to discharge and better knowledge of the specific
requirements of medical team. We also double checked NDD once a week.
Discussions are underway on a systematic pharmaceutical analysis and
implementation of a plan drug preparation with clearer visibility.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
drug synthesis
endocrinology
France
health care
hospitalization
human
nurse
nursing
observational study
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy technician
pill
prescription
responsibility
safety
satisfaction
teaching hospital
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 424
TITLE
Pharmacist interventions in geriatric unit in the context of an electronic
prescribing
AUTHOR NAMES
Raimbault M.
Moal F.
Clerc M.A.
Beauchet O.
Spiesser-Robelet L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Raimbault M.; Moal F.; Clerc M.A.; Spiesser-Robelet L.) Pharmacy,
University Hospital Angers, Angers, France.
(Raimbault M.; Beauchet O.) Geriatric Unit, University Hospital Angers,
Angers, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Raimbault, Pharmacy, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (194). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Background Pharmacist can have an essential role in improving
drug use and preventing prescribing errors, especially when electronic
prescribing seems to create new kinds of error. Objectives The aim of this
study is to describe and evaluate drugs related problems (DRPs) in a first
way and pharmacist interventions in the context of recent implementation of
electronic prescribing in a second way. Materials & Methods: Design 3-month
descriptive study between November 22, 2010 and February 22, 2011. Setting
In a 26-bed geriatric unit of a 1300-bed university hospital. Pharmacy
resident is present in the medical unit 5 half days a week. Main outcome
measures Drug-related problems, patient's characteristics, number and type
of pharmacist interventions, number of medication per patient, doctor's
acceptance of the interventions, medicines concerned. Results Pharmacy
resident identified 128 drug related problems for 79 different patients. A
mean of 1.6 pharmaceutical interventions were made per patient. Patients
were on average 87 years old [74-98] and had 11.1 different prescriptions
when pharmaceutical intervention occurred. Most frequent drug-related
problems underlying interventions were: untreated indication (20.3%), over
dosage (17.2%), nonconformity to guidelines and contra-indication (11.7%),
inappropriate drug administration such as tablets should not be crushed or
intravenous to oral therapy (11.7%). Drug-drug interactions represented 7.8%
of interventions. The 3 medicines most frequently concerned by DRPs were
vitamin D, bis-phosphonates and anti vitamin K. Physician acceptance rate
was 93.8%. Problems related to computerized physicians order entry (14%)
appeared as a worrying phenomenon (error in selecting dosage or unit,
duplication therapy for example). Discussions, Conclusion DRPs are common
after implementation computerized physician order entry system. Health care
professionals should be aware about electronic prescribing that can lead to
new types of medication errors. The participation of clinical pharmacists in
medical rounds may facilitate identification of DRPs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
vitamin
vitamin D
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
electronic prescribing
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
computerized provider order entry
drug administration
drug interaction
drug therapy
drug use
health care personnel
medication error
patient
pharmacy
physician
prescription
tablet
therapy
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 425
TITLE
Patient safety in the medication of disabled persons in residential
facilities
AUTHOR NAMES
Pultz K.
Rossing C.
Beier P.P.
Herborg H.
Søndergaard B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pultz K.; Rossing C.; Herborg H.) Pharmakon, Danish College of Pharmacy
Practice, Hilleroed, Denmark.
(Beier P.P.; Søndergaard B.) Association of Danish Pharmacies, Copenhagen,
Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Pultz, Pharmakon, Danish College of Pharmacy Practice, Hilleroed,
Denmark.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (201). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Persons with physical and mental disabilities in residential
facilities often use many medicines and often experience a number of patient
safety challenges related to their medication. It is a challenge that in
many cases no health care professional is permanently present in the
facilities. The aim of the project was to increase patient safety for people
having a physical or mental disability and living in residential facilities.
This was done by developing, testing, and evaluating an individual
medication review and, when necessary, a multidisciplinary medical dialogue
was suggested. A quality assurance service was also developed and evaluated.
Materials & Methods Four residential facilities and four pharmacies were
included and followed by community pharmacists for 6 months. The residents'
GPs were informed about the project. The evaluation design was formative and
focused on process measures to evaluate the feasibility of the
interventions. The process measures were: Number and type of quality issues
identified, number and type of quality improving recommendations, number of
medication reviews, number of dialogues with the team of healthcare
professionals, identified drug-related problems, suggested interventions,
and implemented changes by GP. Results Four quality assurance services were
delivered. The identified quality issues concerned: Ordering of medicines,
receiving of medicines, dispensing of medicines, medicines administration,
storage, discarding, registration of adverse drug events, and observation of
residents and follow up on effect of change of medication. 16 quality
improving actions were suggested for the identified issues. In the project
period 5 of the suggested actions were implemented. 47 medication reviews
were conducted, 66 drug-related problems identified and 36 interventions
suggested. 52.8 % of the interventions were accepted by the GP, 8.3 % were
rejected. In the rest of the cases the GP did not answer the approach.
Discussions, Conclusion An individual medication review service and a
quality assurance service were shown to be feasible in residential
facilities for people with physical or mental disabilities. Both services
were able to identify patient safety and quality issues respectively, and to
recommend interventions to remedy the identified issues.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
disabled person
drug therapy
human
patient safety
residential home
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
community
follow up
health care personnel
mental deficiency
pharmacist
pharmacy
quality control
registration
storage
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 426
TITLE
Polymedication check-first experiences with a new reimbursed cognitive
service
AUTHOR NAMES
Messerli M.
De Pretto D.
Hersberger K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Messerli M.; De Pretto D.; Hersberger K.E.) Dept. Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University Basel, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Basel, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Messerli, Dept. Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Basel, Pharmaceutical
Care Research Group, Basel, Switzerland.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (214-215). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Swiss community pharmacies can offer a 'Polymedication Check'
(PMC) to patients on ≥4 prescribed drugs taken over ≥3 months. The check is
focused on adherence problems, drug related problems (DRP) and the need for
supply of prescribed drugs filled into a weekly pill organizer (WPO). This
descriptive pilot study aimed at collecting first data shortly after
implementation in order to design a comprehensive evaluation across
Switzerland. Materials & Methods Pharmacies offering internships for
pharmacy master students from the University of Basel provided copies of
official PMC-protocols, patient's drug-history and data from a short
telephone interview for standardized data collection. Additionally all
documents were screened for missed counselling opportunities by two
independent experts. Results Of 58 dossiers handed in, 53 were eligible, 3
were insufficient, and 2 PMC were done in a hospital setting. Mean age of
patients was 72 (±10.4) years, 64.2% were women. Patients were on 9.4 (±3.3)
different drugs. Pharmacists recommended in 73.6% (n = 39) a WPO to be
filled either by the patient himself or by the pharmacist as a continuous
service. Out of them, 18 (46.2%) were already using a WPO and 10 [25.6%]
newly started to use a WPO. In total, 106 counselling issues were addressed
(2.0 per PMC) and in 16 cases [30.2%] pharmacists performed further
investigations or contacted the physician. Post-hoc screening by experts
revealed in 23 cases (43.4%) 1-2 missed opportunities for further
counselling and in 13 cases even ≥3 were not addressed. Discussions,
Conclusion Pharmacists mainly followed the primary intention of a PMC to
screen for patients in need of a WPO, which frequently was in use already.
Further investigation should focus on the need for more training with
respect to different pharmaceutical care issues and explore acceptance and
impact of WPO filled by pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
counseling
female
hospital
human
information processing
patient
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
pill
pilot study
screening
student
Switzerland
teleconsultation
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 427
TITLE
Clinical pharmacology and pharmacy project in Cairo University Hospitals:
One-year follow up
AUTHOR NAMES
Saber-Ayad M.M.
El-Demiry E.
Ahmed D.
El-Sayed E.
Osman M.
Zaki M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Saber-Ayad M.M.) Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
(Saber-Ayad M.M.; Osman M.; Zaki M.) Pharmacology, Cairo, Egypt.
(El-Demiry E.; Ahmed D.; El-Sayed E.) Critical Care, Cairo University,
Cairo, Egypt.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.M. Saber-Ayad, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy,
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (154). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction The role of the clinical pharmacist in Cairo University
Hospitals has been reinforced through the project of Prescription Auditing
started in 2008 by the Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Committee. The
main objective of the project is short-term training of working
pharmacists/clinical pharmacologists on prescription auditing using various
tools of evidence-based Medicine (EBM). Having a two-year experience in
dealing with drug related problems (DRPs) in Critical Care Department, we
will present some of the remarkable interventions and interesting cases
encountered during our work. Materials & Methods Data were collected from
patients' medical files. The DRPs identified in drug chart were written in
standardized auditing sheets. A number of EBM resources (e.g. BNF,
Micromedex, Up-to-date,Cochrane) were used to identify DRPs. The notes taken
by the team members were discussed instantaneously with the physicians.
Frequently encountered and serious DRPs were also discussed at a higher
level. Seminars and flyers helped at reinforcing some frequent errors,
especially to the junior intensivists. Results Out of 1620 in-hospital drug
charts revised in the initial phase, 82 charts showed at least one DRP
(∼5%). DRPs were mostly in the form of drug-drug interaction. The positive
impact of the project on improving clinical practice in critical care units
has been noticed in some aspects of drug therapy. Compared to the early
phases of the study, in 2011, digoxin dose adjustment in renal failure
patient has been correctly done; patients presented with ischemic heart
diseases and vulnerable to develop stress ulcer receive H2 blockers (instead
of intravenous PPIs that was extensively used previously in ischemic
patients). The latter modification has a great economic impact. Remarks and
notes of the clinical pharmacists were helpful in a number of situations;
e.g. modification of vancomycin and targocid dose in a renal failure
patients, Failure of therapy was noticed in patients receiving certain
brands of G-CSF. Those and other cases will be further discussed and
compared with other studies1. Discussions, Conclusion Clinical Pharmacists
and Pharmacologists can play a major and indispensible role in patient care
through detecting and minimizing drug-related problems. The impact of
prescription auditing is of a great value at the patient care level as well
as at the economic level. Reinforcement of the practical recommendations
through repeated seminars and discussions are important to get the optimal
results.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
digoxin
granulocyte colony stimulating factor
teicoplanin
vancomycin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
clinical pharmacy
follow up
pharmacy
university hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cerebrospinal fluid
clinical practice
drug interaction
drug therapy
evidence based medicine
hospital
hospital patient
human
intensive care
ischemic heart disease
kidney failure
patient
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacology
physician
prescription
reinforcement
stress ulcer
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 428
TITLE
DOCUMENT: A system for classifying drug-related problems in community
pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Williams M.
Peterson G.M.
Tenni P.C.
Bindoff I.K.
Stafford A.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Williams M., Mackenzie.Williams@utas.edu.au; Peterson G.M.; Tenni P.C.;
Bindoff I.K.; Stafford A.C.) School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania,
Private Bag 26, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Williams, School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26,
Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia. Email: Mackenzie.Williams@utas.edu.au
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (43-52). Date of
Publication: February 2012
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Background Drug-related problems (DRPs) are a major burden on the Australian
healthcare system. Community pharmacists are in an ideal position to detect,
prevent, and resolve these DRPs. Objective To develop and validate an
easy-to-use documentation system for pharmacists to classify and record
DRPs, and to investigate the nature and frequency of clinical interventions
undertaken by Australian community pharmacists to prevent or resolve them.
Setting Australian community pharmacies. Method The DOCUMENT classification
system was developed, validated and refined during two pilot studies. The
system was then incorporated into software installed in 185 Australian
pharmacies to record DRPs and clinical interventions undertaken by
pharmacists during a 12-week trial. Main outcome measure The number and
nature of DRPs detected within Australian community pharmacies. Results A
total of 5,948 DRPs and clinical interventions were documented from
2,013,923 prescriptions dispensed during the trial (intervention frequency
0.3%). Interventions were commonly related to Drug selection problems
(30.7%) or Educational issues (23.7%). Pharmacists made an average of 1.6
recommendations per intervention, commonly relating to A change in therapy
(40.1%) and Provision of information (34.7%). Almost half of interventions
(42.6%) were classified by recording pharmacists as being at a higher level
of clinical significance. Conclusion The DOCUMENT system provided
pharmacists with a useful and easy-to-use tool for recording DRPs and
clinical interventions. Results from the trial have provided a better
understanding of the frequency and nature of clinical interventions
performed in Australian community pharmacies, and lead to a national
implementation of the system. © 2011 CARS.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community care
disease classification
drug induced disease
medical documentation
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Australia
coding
health care system
human
patient referral
pharmacist
prescription
priority journal
statistical analysis
validation study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012369900
MEDLINE PMID
22101425 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22101425)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9583-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 429
TITLE
Developing pharmaceutical care in Bosnia and Hercegovina
AUTHOR NAMES
Obarcanin E.
Binakaj Z.
Mehic B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Obarcanin E.; Binakaj Z.) Pharmacist Chamber, Sarajevo, Bosnia and
Herzegovina.
(Mehic B.) Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Obarcanin, Pharmacist Chamber, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (193). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction The war in Bosnia had a tremendous impact on healthcare.
Initiatives implemented in European Union are still delayed, individual
patient care and outcomes remain secondary focus. Awareness of clinical
pharmacy has improved more recently with its introduction into pharmacy
studies curriculum. There have been some government initiatives to improve
pharmacy services quality, however a focus on logistics and traditional drug
dispensing prevails. Materials & Methods In order to assess the quality of
pharmaceutical care and clinical pharmacy services we interviewed hospital
and community pharmacists and asked questions related to the pharmaceutical
care process and barriers to its implementation. Evaluations have shown that
pharmacist in BiH have a thorough understanding of the concept however in
practice the focus is still on “traditional roles”. Pharmaceutical care and
co-operation of pharmacists with healthcare professionals and patients need
to be improved. Lack of time, a difficult political /economic situation and
a shortage of initiatives at the governmental level are mentioned as major
obstacles to more thorough patient care. Results Based on the interview
evaluations, the pharmacist chamber initiated the creation of a “working
group”. A team of national experts should help integrate pharmaceutical care
into health care services, and together with Ministry of Health and
Government help create a legal basis for the implementation. Integration
initiatives may include e.g. specific disease oriented programs, electronic
documentation of drug related problems, inclusion of clinical pharmacists in
ward rounds etc. A new program for pharmaceutical care education is being
considered by the chamber. These initiatives from Bosnia have also been
presented to the neighbouring country Montenegro with the objective to
establish regional cooperation. Discussions, Conclusion Pharmaceutical care
and clinical pharmacy services have been identified as areas for improvement
in Bosnia. Pharmacists understand the pharmaceutical care concept, however
changes to institutional practice and legislation are challenging due to an
established mindset and a complex political and economic situation.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
curriculum
documentation
education
European Union
government
health
health care
health care personnel
health service
hospital
hospital department
human
institutional care
interview
law
Montenegro (republic)
patient
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacy
war
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 430
TITLE
To identify the pharmaceutical care requirements of diabetic patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Demircioʇlu C.
Sancar M.
Izzettin F.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Demircioʇlu C.; Sancar M.; Izzettin F.V.) Clinical Pharmacy, Marmara Univ.,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Demircioʇlu, Clinical Pharmacy, Marmara Univ., Faculty of Pharmacy,
Istanbul, Turkey.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (207). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction The objective of our study was to identify the pharmaceutical
care requirements of diabetic patients, determine their medications and the
role of the pharmacist in terms of patient training and contribution to
treatment based on the results to be obtained. Materials & Methods The study
was conducted on 100 diabetic patients visiting to the community pharmacy in
Mersin, Camliyayla, based on a patient profile. The following parameters
were evaluated: demographic data, lifestyle, history of family, compliance,
body mass index, diet and exercise status, other chronic diseases and drugs,
self blood glucose monitoring, frequency of doctor visits. Results 58% of
the patients were females with the average age of 57, 52 ± 0.70. 46% of them
were overweight, 42% were obese and 12% were normal and 60% of them stated
that they were on diet and 50% of them were doing exercises. 45% of the
patients had a diabetes history in their families, 2% were using alcohol and
6% of them were smoking. 52% of the patients stated that they were measuring
their blood glucose levels at home and 10% of them stated that they had
HbA1c measurement performed. 50% of the patients were checked by a physician
quarterly. 36% of the patients had one, 14% had three and 2% had five
chronic diseases accompanying diabetes. 36% of the patients were treated
with single diabetes drug, 14% with three, 4% with four and 2% with five
diabetes drugs. The following problems were observed upon evaluation of the
pharmaceutical care requirements of the patients: anorexia (12%), nausea
(8%), pain in insulin injection area (10%), pyrosis (16%), headache (6%).
40% of the patients had visual orders, 82% had pains, 16% had sleep
disorders, 30% had erectile disfunction and 8% of them had lesion problems
on foot and only 36% of them had foot care on a monthly basis. Upon
evaluation of the findings, the number of patients who had HbA1c measurement
performed was found to be quite low. The educational background was also
found to be very low in this study (average education period 5.92 years).
Discussions, Conclusion Keeping of patients records by the pharmacist,
having knowledge about the patients, patient education and monitoring are of
critical importance. We believe education to be provided by the pharmacist
to the patients will facilitate adaptation of the patients to the treatment
and thus the treatment will generate more successful results. The
pharmacists who will educate the diabetic patients has to be enough
information and clinical practice about diabetes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
hemoglobin A1c
insulin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
diabetic patient
human
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptation
anorexia
blood glucose monitoring
body mass
chronic disease
clinical practice
community
compliance (physical)
diabetes mellitus
diet
drug therapy
education
exercise
female
foot care
glucose blood level
headache
heartburn
injection
lifestyle
monitoring
nausea
obesity
pain
parameters
patient
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
sleep disorder
smoking
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 431
TITLE
The impact of pharmacists interventions and the attitudes of other health
care providers at Landspitali
AUTHOR NAMES
Gudmundsdottir T.K.
Josteinsdottir O.A.
Gunnarsdottir A.I.
Gunnthorsdottir I.
Almarsdottir A.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gudmundsdottir T.K.; Gunnarsdottir A.I.; Gunnthorsdottir I.) Pharmacy,
Landspitali - National Univ., Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Ireland.
(Josteinsdottir O.A.; Almarsdottir A.B.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Ireland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.K. Gudmundsdottir, Pharmacy, Landspitali - National Univ., Hospital of
Iceland, Reykjavik, Ireland.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2012) 34:1 (199-200). Date of
Publication: February 2012
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP 40th International Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy. Clinical Pharmacy:
Connecting Care and Outcomes
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-19 to 2011-10-21
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Clinical pharmacy services in Iceland are provided by
pharmacists at Landspitali - The National University Hospital of Iceland
(LSH). Three pharmacists provide clinical pharmacy services for in-patients
at the hospital. Documentation and evaluation of clinical and economic
impact of the services is necessary to study existing services and provide
indications of their returns. Materials & Methods The main objective were to
redesign and test a documentation system for pharmacists interventions at
LSH, and to evaluate clinical and economic impact of the interventions. A
further objective was to establish attitudes to clinical pharmacy services
provided by pharmacists at LSH. The documentation system was redesigned
using an older form as a base. Three pharmacists documented and classified
patient care details from four in-patient wards. Drug therapy problems were
classified according to Cipolle et. al, medication errors were classified
according to Tam et al and other problems were classified according to Blix
et al combined with in-house classification. The pharmacists assessed the
clinical importance of the interventions according to Overhage & Lukes and
combined according to Bosma et. al. The researcher assessed economic impact.
The attitudes of nurses, senior house officers and consultants were assessed
using focus group interviews. Results In a four week period, 185
interventions were documented for 78 patients. The majority of interventions
(83%), were at the initiative of pharmacists and accepted (80%) by
physicians. The most common drug therapy problem identified was “needs
additional drug therapy” (13%). The most common medication error was
omission (17%). Patient care discussion (16%) was the most common patient
care detail documented as other problems. Interventions were significant in
64.5% of cases and extremely or very significant in 13.1% of cases.
Calculations of the direct medical cost showed savings, although not very
significant. The attitudes of nurses and senior house officers to
pharmacists is generally more positive than those of consultants. Focus
group participants consider that clinical activities of pharmacists in
hospital departments do have an increasing impact, or could have, on the
quality of services and could support savings, when considering the whole
picture. Discussions, Conclusion Pharmacists document both clinical and
economic significant interventions when providing clinical pharmacy services
at LSH. The economic assessment is only an indication of savings, so further
economic assessment is worthwhile. It is important to recognize the
attitudes and beliefs of other health care providers, for further
development of clinical pharmacy services at LSH.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
health care personnel
human
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
classification
consultation
documentation
drug therapy
hospital
hospital department
hospital patient
Iceland
information processing
interview
medication error
nurse
patient
patient care
physician
scientist
university hospital
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9602-2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 432
TITLE
Medication therapy management services provided by student pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Hata M.
Klotz R.
Sylvies R.
Hess K.
Schwartzman E.
Scott J.
Law A.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hata M.) College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences,
Pomona, California, USA.
(Klotz R.; Sylvies R.; Hess K.; Schwartzman E.; Scott J.; Law A.V.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Hata,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2012) 76:3. Date of
Publication: 10 Apr 2012
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the impact of student pharmacists delivering medication therapy
management (MTM) services during an elective advanced pharmacy practice
experience (APPE). Student pharmacists provided MTM services at community
pharmacy APPE sites, documented their recommendations, and then made
follow-up telephone calls to patients to determine the impact of the MTM
provided. Students were surveyed about the MTM experience. Forty-seven
students provided MTM services to 509 patients over 2 years and identified
704 drug-related problems (average of 1.4 problems per patient). About 53%
of patients relayed the recommendations to their physician and 205 (75%)
physicians accepted the recommendations. Eighty-eight percent of patients
reported feeling better about their medications after receiving MTM
services. A majority of the students perceived their provision of MTM
services as valuable to their patients. Providing MTM services to patients
in a pharmacy practice setting allowed student pharmacists to apply skills
learned in the doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) curriculum.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
medication therapy management
pharmacy
pharmacy student
problem based learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
advanced pharmacy practice experience
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
curriculum
doctor of pharmacy program
evaluation study
experiential education
human
human relation
methodology
patient satisfaction
program evaluation
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22544968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22544968)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 433
TITLE
Attitudes of matriculating first-year pharmacy students toward a mandatory,
random drug-screening program.
AUTHOR NAMES
Oliver M.
Cates M.E.
Hogue M.D.
Alverson S.P.
Woolley T.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Oliver M.) McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, 800 Lakeshore
Drive, Birmingham, AL 35229, USA.
(Cates M.E.; Hogue M.D.; Alverson S.P.; Woolley T.W.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Oliver,
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2012) 76:9. Date of
Publication: 12 Nov 2012
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To determine the attitudes of incoming pharmacy students toward a mandatory,
random urine drug-screening program. This was an anonymous, voluntary survey
of students at the McWhorter School of Pharmacy (MSOP) using an instrument
composed of 40 items. The instrument was administered during orientation
week prior to the session during which the policies and procedures of MSOP's
drug-screening program were to be discussed. The survey instrument was
completed by all 129 (100%) students in the class. Two-thirds of the
students were aware of MSOP's drug-screening program prior to applying, but
only a few felt uneasy about applying to the school because of the program.
The greatest concerns expressed by the students included what would happen
if a student unintentionally missed a drug screen or was busy with other
matters when called for screening, how much time a drug-screening would
take, and the possibility of false-positive drug screen results. The vast
majority of students agreed with statements regarding the potential benefits
of drug testing. Students who consumed alcohol in a typical week and those
with current or past use of an illegal substance held less favorable
attitudes toward MSOP's mandatory drug-screening program compared with
students who did not share those characteristics. Although there were
definite concerns expressed regarding pragmatic issues surrounding drug
screening, the first-year pharmacy students held generally favorable
opinions about the school's mandatory drug-screening program.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis)
health personnel attitude
pharmacy student
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitudes
education
female
human
illicit drug testing
information processing
male
mandatory testing
methodology
Pharmacy students
psychological aspect
school
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23193335 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23193335)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 434
TITLE
Pharmacogenetics of naltrexone in Asian Americans: A randomized
placebo-controlled laboratory study
AUTHOR NAMES
Ray L.A.
Bujarski S.
Chin P.F.
Miotto K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ray L.A., lararay@psych.ucla.edu; Bujarski S.; Chin P.F.) Department of
Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz
Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, United States.
(Ray L.A., lararay@psych.ucla.edu; Miotto K.) Department of Psychiatry and
Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles,
CA, United States.
(Ray L.A., lararay@psych.ucla.edu) Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles,
CA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.A. Ray, Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles,
Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, United States.
Email: lararay@psych.ucla.edu
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2012) 37:2 (445-455). Date of Publication: January
2012
ISSN
0893-133X
1740-634X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Recent clinical and laboratory studies have shown that the effects of
naltrexone for alcoholism may be moderated by the Asn40Asp single-nucleotide
polymorphism (SNP) of the-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1). Allele frequencies
for this polymorphism, however, have been shown to vary substantially as a
function of ethnic background, such that individuals of Asian descent are
more likely to carry the minor (Asp40) allele. The objective of this study
is to test the naltrexone pharmacogenetic effects of the Asn40Asp SNP in a
sample of Asian Americans. This study consists of a double-blinded,
randomized, placebo-controlled laboratory trial of naltrexone. Participants
(n35, 10 females; 13 Asn40Asn and 22 Asp40 carriers) were
non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers recruited from the community. After
taking naltrexone or placebo, participants completed an intravenous alcohol
administration session. The primary outcome measures were subjective
intoxication and alcohol craving. Results suggested that Asp40 carriers
experienced greater alcohol-induced sedation, subjective intoxication, and
lower alcohol craving on naltrexone, as compared to placebo, and to Asn40
homozygotes. There results were maintained when controlling for ALDH2
(rs671) and ADH1B (rs1229984) markers and when examining the three levels of
OPRM1 genotype, thereby supporting an OPRM1 gene dose response. These
findings provide a much-needed extension of previous studies of naltrexone
pharmacogenetics to individuals of Asian descent, an ethnic group more
likely to express the minor allele putatively associated with improved
biobehavioral and clinical response to this medication. These findings help
further delineate the biobehavioral mechanisms of naltrexone and its
pharmacogenetics. © 2012 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
mu opiate receptor (endogenous compound)
naltrexone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
alcohol dehydrogenase (endogenous compound)
alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (endogenous compound)
aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzyme 2 (endogenous compound)
asparagine (endogenous compound)
aspartic acid (endogenous compound)
corticotropin (endogenous compound)
hydrocortisone (endogenous compound)
placebo
riboflavin
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy, drug therapy)
Asian American
single nucleotide polymorphism
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol intoxication
alcohol withdrawal
article
clinical article
controlled study
corticotropin blood level
double blind procedure
drug efficacy
female
gene dosage
gene frequency
genotype
help seeking behavior
homozygote
human
hydrocortisone blood level
male
patient compliance
pharmacogenetics
priority journal
randomized controlled trial
sedation
sleep disorder (side effect)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
alcohol dehydrogenase (9031-72-5)
asparagine (70-47-3, 7006-34-0)
aspartic acid (56-84-8, 6899-03-2)
corticotropin (11136-52-0, 9002-60-2, 9061-27-2)
hydrocortisone (50-23-7)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
riboflavin (83-88-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Human Genetics (22)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012045173
MEDLINE PMID
21900886 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900886)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.192
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 435
TITLE
Smoking among undergraduate students in the area of health
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Tabagismo entre acadêmicos da área de saúde
AUTHOR NAMES
Granville-Garcia A.F.
Sarmento D.J.S.
Santos J.A.
Pinto T.A.
de Sousa R.V.
Cavalcanti A.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Granville-Garcia A.F., anaflaviagg@hotmail.com; Sarmento D.J.S.; Santos
J.A.; Pinto T.A.; de Sousa R.V.; Cavalcanti A.L.) Departamento de
odontologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB), Rua Capitão João Alves
de Lira 1325/410, Bela Vista. 58.428-800 Campina Grande Paraíba, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. F. Granville-Garcia, Departamento de odontologia, Universidade Estadual
da Paraíba (UEPB), Rua Capitão João Alves de Lira 1325/410, Bela Vista.
58.428-800 Campina Grande Paraíba, Brazil. Email: anaflaviagg@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Ciencia e Saude Coletiva (2012) 17:2 (389-396). Date of Publication:
January/February 2012
ISSN
1413-8123
1678-4561 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Associacao Brasileira de Pos, Av. Brasil, 4036-sala 700 Manguinhos, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking and
socio-demographic and behavioral factors among undergraduate students in the
area of health at the State University of Paraíba, Brazil. An analytical
crosssectional study was conducted with a representative sample from each of
the following courses: Dentistry, Nursing, Psychology, Pharmacy, Physical
Therapy and Physical Education. A total of 492 students were interviewed
using a structured questionnaire. The chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests
were used for statistical analysis at a 5% level of significance. Smoking
prevalence was 5.7% and stress was the main reason for starting the habit
(36.8%). In the multivariate analysis by logistic regression, the variables
of gender, religious persuasion, semester attended in the course, and
alcohol consumption were significantly associated with smoking (p<0.05).
Although other studies reported a strong relationship between university
students and smoking, the prevalence of smokers was low. Most of the
variables studied revealed a correlation with smoking. Since smoking and
alcohol consumption are the two major human addictions, this study suggests
a bidirectional relationship between these variables.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
smoking (epidemiology)
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
Brazil
cross-sectional study
female
human
male
medical profession
middle aged
questionnaire
socioeconomics
statistics
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Portuguese
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
MEDLINE PMID
22267034 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22267034)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000200013
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 436
TITLE
Variable influence of the degree of smoking dependence on adult attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Iraqi medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashor A.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashor A.W., ammar_w_78@yahoo.com) Department of Pharmacology, College of
Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. W. Ashor, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine,
Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq. Email:
ammar_w_78@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Neurosciences (2012) 17:3 (241-247). Date of Publication: July 2012
ISSN
1319-6138
ABSTRACT
Objective: To demonstrate the differences in the patterns of adult attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among non, light, and heavy
smokers. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 400 medical students
(representing first to sixth year students) was conducted in the Department
of Pharmacology, University of Al-Mustansiriya, Baghdad, Iraq from March to
June 2011. The medical students completed a questionnaire containing the
adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS-screener) and the Fagerström Test for
Nicotine Dependence (FTND). An ADHD score ≥14 was considered positive. An
FTND score ≥6 signifies heavy smokers, and an FTND score ≤5 signifies light
smokers. Results: Three hundred and sixty-one medical students completed the
questionnaire, 16.6% reported ADHD symptoms (19.8% male, 12.1% females).
Forty-five percent of ADHD adults were smokers; more than half of them were
categorized as heavy smokers (51.8%). In comparison with non-smokers, heavy
smokers displayed significant deterioration in their inattentive and total
ASRS score (p=0.0001). Light smokers show significantly higher hyperactive
symptoms in comparison with nonsmokers (p=0.041). A high FTND score was
associated with severer deterioration in inattentive (r=0.391, p=0.001) but
not hyperactive symptoms (r=0.153, p=0.117). Conclusions: The ADHD symptoms
are highly prevalent among Iraqi medical students, and smoking among ADHD
students is higher and heavier than non-ADHD controls. Heavy smoking tends
to deteriorate rather than ameliorate (self-medicate) ADHD symptoms.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attention deficit disorder
medical student
smoking
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self Report Scale
controlled study
cross-sectional study
deterioration
disease association
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
female
human
Iraqi
male
prevalence
questionnaire
scoring system
sex difference
smoking habit
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Arabic
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2014594992
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 437
TITLE
Alcohol attitudes and behaviors among faculty at U.S. schools and colleges
of pharmacy
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Actitudes y comportamientos sobre el alcohol entre académicos de las
escuelas y facultades de farmacia en estados unidos
AUTHOR NAMES
Schlesselman L.S.
Nobre C.
English C.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schlesselman L.S.) Office of Assessment and Accreditation, School of
Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
(Nobre C.) School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United
States.
(English C.D.) Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Colchester,
VT, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. S. Schlesselman, Office of Assessment and Accreditation, School of
Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Practice (2011) 9:4 (236-241). Date of Publication: 2011
ISSN
1886-3655 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica, Campus de la Cartuja,
Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
Despite attempts to control college-aged drinking, binge and underage
drinking continues at colleges and universities. Although often
underutilized, faculty have the potential to influence students' behaviors
and attitudes towards drinking. Little information is available pertaining
to college faculty drinking patterns, views on drinking, or their influence
on college drinking. What little information is available predates the
economic crisis, mandates for increased alcohol education, and the American
Pharmacists Association's call for increased alcohol awareness in
pharmacists. Objectives: This study was designed to determine alcohol use
patterns and viewpoints among faculty at U.S. colleges of pharmacy, in
particular, to identify alcohol practices among faculty, use of alcohol with
their students, mentioning alcohol in classroom as a social norm, and
perceived drinking norms within their colleagues. Methods: Following
Institution Review Board approval, 2809 invitations were emailed to U.S.
pharmacy faculty for this survey-based study. The survey consisted of
demographic questions, the World Health Organization Alcohol Use Disorders
Identification Test (AUDIT), and questions pertaining to personal and
institution attitudes on drinking and on drinking with students. Results:
More than 96% of 753 respondents had a total AUDIT score <8. Males and
preceptors were more likely to have higher AUDIT scores. More than 75% of
faculty reported never drinking with students. Conclusion: In order to help
pharmacy students address the extent of their alcohol use and misuse,
pharmacy faculty must address their own use, along with their own and their
institutions attitudes and behaviors towards alcohol use.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
attitude
drinking behavior
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
demography
education
faculty practice
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical school
scoring system
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Spanish
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011694449
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 438
TITLE
Science of safety topic coverage in experiential education in US and Taiwan
colleges and schools of pharmacy.
AUTHOR NAMES
Tang D.H.
Warholak T.L.
Slack M.K.
Malone D.C.
Gau C.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tang D.H.) Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, The University of
Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N. Martin, PO Box 210202, Tucson, AZ
85721, USA.
(Warholak T.L.; Slack M.K.; Malone D.C.; Gau C.S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.H. Tang, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, The University of
Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N. Martin, PO Box 210202, Tucson, AZ
85721, USA. Email: dtang@pharmacy.arizona.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:10 (202). Date of
Publication: 15 Dec 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To compare the science of safety (SoS) topic coverage and associated student
competencies in the experiential education curricula of colleges and schools
of pharmacy in the United States and Taiwan. The experiential education
director, assistant director, or coordinator at a random sample of 34 US
colleges and schools of pharmacy and all 7 Taiwan schools of pharmacy were
interviewed and then asked to complete an Internet-based survey instrument.
Faculty members in both countries perceived that experiential curricula were
focused on the postmarketing phase of the SoS, and that there is a need for
the pharmacy experiential curricula to be standardized in order to fill SoS
coverage gaps. Inter-country differences in experiential SoS coverage were
noted in topics included for safety biomarkers that signal potential for
drug-induced problems and pharmacogenomics. Experiential SoS topic coverage
and student ability gaps were perceived within and between US and Taiwan
colleges and schools of pharmacy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
drug therapy (adverse drug reaction)
education
perception
problem based learning
product safety
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical trial
comparative study
curriculum
drug surveillance program
human
Internet
methodology
multicenter study
professional competence
questionnaire
risk assessment
Taiwan
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22345721 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22345721)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7510202
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 439
TITLE
Methylphenidate enhances executive function while optimizing prefrontal
error-related processing in both health and cocaine addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Moeller S.J.
Woicik P.A.
Tomasi D.
Volkow N.D.
Goldstein R.Z.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Moeller S.J.; Woicik P.A.; Tomasi D.; Volkow N.D.; Goldstein R.Z.)
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.J. Moeller, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, United States.
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36 SUPPL. 1 (S286). Date of Publication:
December 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
50th Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Waikoloa, HI, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-12-04 to 2011-12-08
ISSN
0893-133X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Background: Error monitoring is a core executive function that allows for
successful identification and correction of discrepancies between an
intended and executed response. Previous studies that investigated genetic
variation [e.g., polymorphisms of catechol- O-methyl transferase (COMT),
dopamine D2 receptor] or relevant disease states (e.g., Parkinson's disease,
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, drug addiction) have suggested
dopamine to be involved in error monitoring/processing, possibly through
impact on reinforcement learning. Nevertheless, pharmacological studies that
can manipulate dopaminergic functioning are needed to appropriately
characterize the neurochemistry underlying error monitoring. The current
study tested whether methylphenidate (MPH), an indirect dopamine and
norepinephrine agonist (that acts by blocking both respective transporters),
modulates brain and behavioral responses to error. To further explore the
effects of MPH on error-related processing vis-À-vis dopamine, we also
included individuals addicted to cocaine, a population characterized by
drug-mediated decreases in dopamine receptor availability and release, and
functional impairments in prefrontal cortical areas innervated by dopamine.
Methods: After receiving oral MPH (20 mg) or placebo (counterbalanced across
subjects), 17 healthy and 17 cocaine addicted individuals completed a
classical executive function task (the color word Stroop) during
event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. All trials during which
an error occurred were modeled against an active baseline (all correct
congruent trials) using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Behavioral measures
of task performance (total errors and post-error slowing, the latter being
an adaptive, corrective response following an error that is thought to
enable more controlled responding to prevent future errors) were also
collected. Results: MPH improved task-related performance in all subjects
[fewer errors: F(1,32)=8.4, p<0.01; and increased post-error slowing:
F(1,32)=6.0, p<0.05]. In parallel, during MPH all subjects showed reduced
dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) response to error (Z=3.6, p<0.05
cluster-level corrected, small volume correction), a region classically
implicated in performance/ error monitoring. In the cocaine subjects, MPH
also reduced activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a
region implicated in the implementation of cognitive control, to a level
where it no longer differed from the healthy individuals (medication × group
interaction: Z>3.1, p<0.05 cluster-level corrected, small volume
correction). Finally, across medication conditions and compared with
controls, the cocaine subjects showed more error-related response in the
cerebellum (group effect: Z=3.7, p<0.01 cluster-level corrected).
Discussion: An indirect dopamine/norepinephrine agonist (MPH) improved
executive function in health and in cocaine addiction, paralleled by both
common and unique underlying neural responses to error between the groups.
The reduced error-related dACC activation in all subjects suggests more
efficient errorrelated processing during MPH. This result is consistent with
studies examining genetic variation in the COMT genotype, where individuals
with the Val/Val genotype (associated with reduced extracellular dopamine in
the prefrontal cortex) showed less efficient cognitive functioning (greater
fMRI response in the ACC) than those with the Met/Met genotype during a
working memory task. In contrast, MPH reduced DLPFC activation uniquely in
the addicted subjects, possibly pointing to differential implementation of
cognitive control (as there were indeed differences in DLPFC function
between the groups during placebo). The cerebellar hyperactivity in the
addicted individuals possibly reflects compensatory mechanisms that are
needed (even with MPH) to achieve comparable task performance. Taken
together, these pharmacological fMRI results point to the brain regions that
could become potential therapeutic targets in future longitudinal
intervention studies, such that the supervised and controlled administration
of oral MPH could be used to improve cognitive function and optimize brain
response to error.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methylphenidate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
catechol methyltransferase
cocaine
dopamine
dopamine receptor
noradrenalin
placebo
receptor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine dependence
college
executive function
health
processing
psychopharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agonist
anterior cingulate
behavior
brain
brain region
cerebellum
cognition
color
drug dependence
drug therapy
functional disease
functional magnetic resonance imaging
genetic variability
genotype
group dynamics
hyperactivity
intervention study
learning
monitoring
nerve potential
neurochemistry
Parkinson disease
population
prefrontal cortex
reinforcement
task performance
working memory
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.292
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 440
TITLE
Pharmacy student's approach on dope prevention education
AUTHOR NAMES
Kato H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kato H., hi_royuki2002@yahoo.co.jp) School of Pharmacy, Kitasato
University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Kato, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane,
Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan. Email: hi_royuki2002@yahoo.co.jp
SOURCE
Yakugaku Zasshi (2011) 131:12 (1757-1760). Date of Publication: 20111201
ISSN
0031-6903
1347-5231 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2-12-15-201, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
ABSTRACT
Recently, the sports pharmacist system was established and, a great deal of
attention has been paid by students. However, the learning opportunity of
anti doping education at the university is still rare. There is some
experience of dope test staff's chaperon in an anti doping activity as a
student. Through the experience of the chaperon, we can learn about a chain
of flows of the doping inspection, characteristics of the sports games, and
the desire of the player who cannot learn by the seat studies. I will
describe the impression of the experience of the chaperon, the meaning,
utility, and the view of the future. © 2011 The Pharmaceutical Society of
Japan.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doping
education
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
athlete
human
pharmacist
sport
staff
university
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011666580
MEDLINE PMID
22129873 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22129873)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 441
TITLE
Deficits in ventral prefrontal cortex group1 metabotropic glutamate receptor
function mediate resistance to extinction during protracted withdrawal from
an extensive history of cocaine self-administration
AUTHOR NAMES
Ben-Shahar O.
Sacramento A.D.
Miller B.W.
Webb S.M.
Wroten M.
Caruana A.L.
Gordon E.
Ploense K.L.
Ditzhazy J.
Kippin T.E.
Szumlinski K.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ben-Shahar O.; Sacramento A.D.; Miller B.W.; Webb S.M.; Wroten M.; Caruana
A.L.; Gordon E.; Ploense K.L.; Ditzhazy J.; Kippin T.E.; Szumlinski K.K.)
University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.K. Szumlinski, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara,
United States.
SOURCE
Neuropsychopharmacology (2011) 36 SUPPL. 1 (S192). Date of Publication:
December 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
50th Annual Meeting of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, ACNP
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Waikoloa, HI, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-12-04 to 2011-12-08
ISSN
0893-133X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Nature Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Background: Anomalies in excitatory transmission with prefrontal cortex
(PFC) are theorized to contribute to poor inhibitory control over behavior,
behavioral inflexibility, as well as drug craving, in addiction. The
molecular mechanisms underpinning drug-induced PFC dysfunction are largely
unknown. As Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are critical
for drug reinforcement/reward, as well as drug-related learning, we examined
for changes in the expression of mGluR1/5 within PFC subregions produced
during protracted withdrawal from an extensive history of cocaine
self-administration and then tested the functional relevance of observed
changes for cocaine craving and extinction learning using behavioral
pharmacological approaches. Methods: Immunoblotting was conducted on ventral
PFC (vPFC) and dorsal PFC (dPFC) tissue derived from rats trained to
self-administer cocaine (0.25 mg/infusion) during 10 daily 6-hr sessions
that were subjected to a 2-hr test for cue-reinforced behavior, in the
absence of any further cocaine/saline delivery, at either 3 or 30 days
withdrawal. Control animals received daily 1-hr or 6-hr training to
lever-press for saline, and were sacrificed also following cue testing.
Follow-up behavioral studies examined the effects of intra-PFC infusions of
mGluR5 antagonists (3 mg/side MPEP and MTEP), mGluR1 antagonist (15 ng/side
JNJ 16259685) or an mGluR1/5 agonist (27.5 ng/side DHPG) on cue-reinforced
behavior and on the extinction of behavior with subsequent testing. Results:
Animals with a history of cocaine self-administration exhibited
time-dependent: increases in cocaine craving and impairments in extinction
learning (for both measures: IV X Withdrawal ANOVA, p<0.05). These
behavioral phenomena were related to a time-dependent reduction in vPFC
Group 1 mGluR expression (ANOVA, p<0.05). While a history of cocaine
selfadministration elevated dPFC levels of mGluR1/5, this increase did not
vary as a function of withdrawal. Mimicking the vPFC cocaine effect via
intra-vPFC infusion of antagonists at 3 days withdrawal produced no acute
effect on cue-reinforced behavior in either saline or cocaine
self-administering animals (IC X IV ANOVA: p>0.05), but impaired extinction
learning manifested upon subsequent testing only in animals with cocaine
experience (IC X IV ANOVA, p<0.05). Stimulating mGluR1/5 via intra-vPFC
infusions of DHPG at 30 days withdrawal also produced no acute effects on
cocaine craving (one-way ANOVA, p40.05), but facilitated extinction learning
as manifested on a subsequent test for craving in cocaine-experienced
animals only (IC X IV ANOVA, p<0.05). Discussion: The present report
provides in vivo validation of an important role for vPFC Group1 mGluRs in
learning to suppress cocaine-seeking behavior during cocaine abstinence by
showing that the site-directed pharmacological manipulation of both mGluR1
and mGluR5 function within the vPFC bi-directionally affects extinction
learning in animals with an extensive history of cocaine
self-administration. Taken altogether, these results support the hypothesis
that a time-dependent reduction in vPFC Group I mGluR function is a neural
adaptation produced during withdrawal from an extensive history of cocaine
selfadministration that impairs the capacity of an addicted individual to
learn new stimulus-response contingences during protracted drug abstinence.
If relevant to humans, such findings implicate a progressive decrease in
vPFC mGluR1/5 function during drug abstinence as a molecular cordon to
recovery, which may be best overcome using receptor agonist treatment
strategies.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine
metabotropic receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 methyl 6 (phenylethynyl)pyridine
3 [(2 methyl 4 thiazolyl)ethynyl]pyridine
receptor
sodium chloride
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug self administration
prefrontal cortex
psychopharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
adaptation
addiction
agonist
analysis of variance
drug withdrawal
follow up
human
hypothesis
immunoblotting
infusion
learning
rat
stimulus response
tissues
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2011.291
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 442
TITLE
Educational opportunities and anti-doping roles and responsibilities for
pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Ambrose P.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ambrose P.J., ambrosep@pharmacy.ucsf.edu) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. J. Ambrose, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy,
University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Email:
ambrosep@pharmacy.ucsf.edu
SOURCE
Yakugaku Zasshi (2011) 131:12 (1761-1764). Date of Publication: 20111201
ISSN
0031-6903
1347-5231 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2-12-15-201, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
ABSTRACT
Drug use and abuse by athletes has become a common problem. Pharmacists can
assist by managing the legitimate medication needs of athletes to prevent
them from accidentally using a banned substance. Pharmacists can also
educate athletes and the public about the health consequences of using
performance-enhancing substances. Pharmacists can play a variety of roles to
assist with anti-doping. Such roles include educating, advising, dispensing
and monitoring medications and supplements; and working with anti-doping
agencies. There are few established educational opportunities for
pharmacists and pharmacy students. Educational programs in sports pharmacy
and doping control need to be developed for instruction in the classroom,
for post-graduate training and for experiential programs. Classroom
instruction should include information about performance-enhancing
substances and general principles of doping control. Student activities for
an established advanced pharmacy practice experience include education on
performance-enhancing substances and assay technologies, preparing and
providing presentations to athletes and others regarding these substances,
performing literature research on drugs and dietary supplements used to
improve athletic performance, writing a monograph on these substances, and
participating in doping control programs. © 2011 The Pharmaceutical Society
of Japan.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doping
education program
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
athletic performance
communication skill
diet supplementation
drug marketing
drug monitoring
health education
human
inappropriate prescribing
pharmacy student
postgraduate education
sport
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011666581
MEDLINE PMID
22129874 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22129874)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 443
TITLE
Invited lecture presented at the Canadian society of pharmacology and
therapeutics annual meeting drugs and people i have known: 45 years in
clinical pharmacology
AUTHOR NAMES
Ogilvie R.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ogilvie R.I., ri.ogilvie@utoronto.ca)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. I. Ogilvie, Email: ri.ogilvie@utoronto.ca
SOURCE
Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology (2011) 18:3
(e455-e470). Date of Publication: 2011
ISSN
1710-6222
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Soceity of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton,
105 Main Street E. Level 1. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
ABSTRACT
At the Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Annual Meeting in
Montreal on May 27, 2011 Richard Ian Ogilvie, Professor Emeritus of Medicine
and Pharmacology at the University of Toronto was invited to present a
lecture regarding his 45 year career in clinical pharmacology in Canada. In
the lecture he identified the people and events that shaped his accomplished
career. © 2011 Canadian Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetazolamide (drug therapy)
antiinfective agent
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
calcium channel blocking agent
chlortalidone (clinical trial, drug dose, pharmacology)
diazoxide (parenteral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
digitalis (adverse drug reaction)
dipyridamole
diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction)
enprofylline (adverse drug reaction)
etacrynic acid
furosemide
hydrochlorothiazide (clinical trial)
indapamide
insulin (adverse drug reaction)
labetalol (parenteral drug administration)
mersalyl (parenteral drug administration)
methyldopa (clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug
administration)
nitroprusside sodium (parenteral drug administration)
penicillin G (drug therapy)
phenoxybenzamine
quinidine (adverse drug reaction)
rolofylline (clinical trial, drug therapy)
rosiglitazone
spironolactone (clinical trial, drug dose)
sulfonylurea
thalidomide (drug therapy)
theophylline (drug concentration, drug dose, parenteral drug administration)
tolbutamide (drug therapy)
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Canada
cider
diabetes mellitus (drug therapy)
doping
dose response
drug efficacy
drug fatality (side effect)
drug intoxication (side effect)
drug safety
elixir
heart failure (drug therapy)
hepatitis (side effect)
human
hyperlactatemia (drug therapy)
hypertension (drug therapy)
lactic acidosis (drug therapy)
leprosy (drug therapy)
medical education
multiple myeloma (drug therapy)
nonhuman
orange (fruit)
plant root
plant seed
pneumonia (drug therapy)
scurvy (prevention)
travel
DRUG TRADE NAMES
avandia
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetazolamide (1424-27-7, 59-66-5)
chlortalidone (77-36-1)
diazoxide (364-98-7)
digitalis (8031-42-3, 8053-83-6)
dipyridamole (58-32-2)
enprofylline (41078-02-8)
etacrynic acid (58-54-8, 6500-81-8)
furosemide (54-31-9)
hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5)
indapamide (26807-65-8)
insulin (9004-10-8)
labetalol (32780-64-6, 36894-69-6)
mersalyl (486-67-9, 492-18-2)
methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6)
nitroprusside sodium (14402-89-2, 15078-28-1)
penicillin G (1406-05-9, 61-33-6)
phenoxybenzamine (59-96-1, 63-92-3)
quinidine (56-54-2)
rolofylline (136199-02-5)
rosiglitazone (122320-73-4, 155141-29-0)
spironolactone (52-01-7)
thalidomide (50-35-1)
theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9)
tolbutamide (473-41-6, 64-77-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012710441
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 444
TITLE
Proposal to sports pharmacist as a sports doctor
AUTHOR NAMES
Uchida A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Uchida A., akikouchida@nifty.com) TSUKUBA Fitness and Sports Medicine
Laboratory, 1187-299 Kaname, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2622, Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Uchida, TSUKUBA Fitness and Sports Medicine Laboratory, 1187-299 Kaname,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2622, Japan. Email: akikouchida@nifty.com
SOURCE
Yakugaku Zasshi (2011) 131:12 (1751-1753). Date of Publication: 20111201
ISSN
0031-6903
1347-5231 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 2-12-15-201, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
ABSTRACT
I am a team doctor of three competition groups including professional
cycling team for ten years. The most troublesome issue as a sports doctor is
the problem about doping. I cope thanks to a mobile telephone and an e-mail
regardless of place and time, but introduce some examples because I still
experience many doping "near miss" cases. In addition, there are problems in
road competition spots as follows; 1) There are few team doctors. I am
pressed by the consultation from plural teams, 2) An unexperienced doctor of
the doping knowledge often prescribes prohibited drugs, 3) There are
problems with no understanding of the medicine made in foreign countries,
Chinese medicine, a generic drug, and supplements which obtained on the
internet. I hope that anti-doping education in faculty of pharmaceutical
sciences is made mandatory, sports pharmacists taken to the sports spot
along increase, and a system and a database to teach local doctors and
players quickly will be achieved in future. © 2011 The Pharmaceutical
Society of Japan.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
generic drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
physician
sport
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Chinese medicine
competition
consultation
cycling
data base
doping
e-mail
education
human
Internet
mobile phone
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011666578
MEDLINE PMID
22129871 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22129871)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 445
TITLE
Diuretic potential of whole plant extracts of Pergularia daemia (Forsk.)
AUTHOR NAMES
Bhavin V.
Ruchi V.
Santani D.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bhavin V., rxbhavin@gmail.com; Ruchi V.) Maliba Pharmacy College, Gopal
Vidyanagar, Tarsadi, India.
(Santani D.D.) Rofel, Shri G. M. Bilakhia College of Pharmacy, Vapi, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Bhavin, Maliba Pharmacy College, Gopal Vidyanagar, Tarsadi, India. Email:
rxbhavin@gmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:4 (795-798). Date of
Publication: December 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
The whole plant, Pergularia daemia (Family: Asclepediaceae), was extracted
with 50% alcohol and a fresh batch of the plant material was successively
extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to determine its
diuretic activity. The diuretic activity of the different extracts at a dose
of 400 mg/Kg was assessed orally in rats with furosemide as a standard drug
using Lipschitzs test. All extracts except the petroleum ether extract
showed significant increase (p < 0.001) in urine output. Urinary electrolyte
excretion was also affected by the extracts: the alcoholic, ethyl acetate
and n-butanol extract caused an increase in the urinary excretion of sodium
and potassium ions. These findings suggest that among the mentioned
extracts, ethanolic has the maximum diuretic activity followed by n-butanol
extract. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diuretic agent (drug analysis, drug development, drug toxicity, oral drug
administration, pharmacology)
Pergularia daemia extract (drug analysis, drug comparison, drug development,
drug toxicity, oral drug administration, pharmacology)
plant extract (drug analysis, drug development, drug toxicity, oral drug
administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetic acid ethyl ester
alcohol
alkaloid (drug analysis)
butanol
electrolyte (endogenous compound)
flavonoid (drug analysis)
furosemide (drug comparison, oral drug administration)
petroleum ether
potassium ion (endogenous compound)
saponin (drug analysis)
sodium ion (endogenous compound)
steroid (drug analysis)
triterpene (drug analysis)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Apocynaceae
diuretic activity
Pergularia daemia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute toxicity
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
drug screening
electrolyte urine level
female
male
mouse
nonhuman
phytochemistry
potassium urine level
rat
sodium urine level
urine volume
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetic acid ethyl ester (141-78-6)
alcohol (64-17-5)
butanol (35296-72-1, 71-36-3)
furosemide (54-31-9)
petroleum ether (8032-32-4)
potassium ion (24203-36-9)
saponin (8047-15-2)
sodium ion (17341-25-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Urology and Nephrology (28)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012205513
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 446
TITLE
Baclofen-induced morbiliform rashes: A case series
AUTHOR NAMES
Saddichha S.
Jayaram N.
Manjunatha N.
Benegal V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Saddichha S., saddichha@gmail.com; Jayaram N.; Manjunatha N.; Benegal V.)
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore,
India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Saddichha, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
(NIMHANS), Bangalore, India. Email: saddichha@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2011) 51:12 (1733-1734). Date of
Publication: December 2011
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Baclofen is a gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) derivative that is a specific
agonist at GABA-B receptors. Initially used in the treatment of spasticity,
it is now being used in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Although it has
several known adverse effects, incidence of rashes developing due to
baclofen is very rare, and morbiliform rashes due to baclofen, an
exceedingly rare adverse effect, has been reported only once before. We
report a case series of 4 patients who developed morbiliform rashes after
initiation of baclofen. © 2011 American College of Clinical Pharmacology,
Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
baclofen (adverse drug reaction, drug dose)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug eruption (side effect, complication, side effect)
erythema (side effect, complication, side effect)
maculopapular rash (side effect, complication, side effect)
morbiliform maculopapular erythematous lesion (side effect, side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcoholism
axilla
case report
case study
disease severity
dose response
drug dose increase
drug dose reduction
drug safety
drug withdrawal
evening dosage
face
female
human
low drug dose
maintenance drug dose
male
naranjo algorithm score
review
scoring system
thorax
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
baclofen (1134-47-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Dermatology and Venereology (13)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011672254
MEDLINE PMID
21119092 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21119092)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270010385936
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 447
TITLE
Validation of FASTHUG-maidens: A mnemonic for drug related problem
identification in the intensive care unit
AUTHOR NAMES
Masson S.
Mabasa V.
Malyuk D.
Perrott J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Masson S.) Abbotsford Regional Hospital, United Kingdom.
(Mabasa V.) Burnaby Hospital, United Kingdom.
(Malyuk D.; Perrott J.) Royal Columbian Hospital, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Masson, Abbotsford Regional Hospital, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Critical Care Medicine (2011) 39 SUPPL. 12 (216). Date of Publication:
December 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Critical Care Congress 2012
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Houston, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2012-02-04 to 2012-02-08
ISSN
0090-3493
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The mnemonic FASTHUG (Feeding; Analgesia; Sedation;
Thromboembolic prophylaxis; Head of bed elevation; stress Ulcer prophylaxis;
Glucose control) was developed by intensive care unit (ICU) physicians to
ensure that several key aspects of care are addressed by the ICU team in
every patient encounter. However, this tool did not specifically target
pharmacotherapy assessments. To provide a standardized approach for
identifying drug related problems (DRPs) in the ICU, we further modified
this mnemonic to FASTHUG-MAIDENS (Changing the H to Hypo/hyperactive
delirium and adding Medication reconciliation; Anti-infectives; assess for
Indications; Drug dosing; Electrolytes/laboratory results; No duplications,
interactions, allergies or side effects; Stop dates). The purpose of this
study was to validate the benefit of this mnemonic for identifying DRPs.
Hypothesis: Our hypothesis was that the use of the FASTHUG-MAIDENS mnemonic
by pharmacy residents would increase their identification of DRPs in ICU
patients compared to standard monitoring practice (SMP). Methods: This
randomized, prospective validation study took place from January to May 2011
in the ICUs of four hospitals within the Fraser Health Authority in British
Columbia, Canada: two community level and two tertiary referral ICUs. Six
Pharmacy Residents completing ICU rotations were randomized to assess
patients using the mnemonic FASTHUG-MAIDENS or employing SMP. The DRPs
identified from these assessments were then compared with those identified
by the ICU Pharmacists. The proportion of DRPs per patient encounter (the
primary outcome) was calculated for each group using the Mann Whitney U
test. The proportion of total DRPs identified in each group was assessed as
a secondary endpoint using the Chi squared test. Results: Pharmacy Residents
using the FASTHUG-MAIDENS mnemonic identified a statistically significant
greater mean proportion of DRPs per patient encounter (73.2% vs 52.4%, p =
0.008) and a greater proportion of total DRPs (77.1% vs 52.5%, p<0.0001)
than those assessing patients using SMP. Conclusions: The mnemonic
FASTHUG-MAIDENS is a useful tool to increase the capture of DRPs by Pharmacy
Residents in ICU patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
glucose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
intensive care
intensive care unit
problem identification
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
allergy
analgesia
Canada
community
delirium
drug therapy
feeding
health
hospital
human
hypothesis
medication therapy management
monitoring
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
prophylaxis
rank sum test
sedation
side effect
stress ulcer
thromboembolism
validation study
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000408627.24229.88
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 448
TITLE
Mechanism-based inactivation of cytochrome P450 2B6 by methadone
AUTHOR NAMES
Amunugama H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Amunugama H.) Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Amunugama, Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United
States.
SOURCE
Drug Metabolism Reviews (2011) 43 SUPPL. 2 (65-66). Date of Publication:
November 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
17th North American Regional International Society for the Study of
Xenobiotics, ISSX Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Atlanta, GA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-20
ISSN
0360-2532
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare
ABSTRACT
MECHANISM-BASED INACTIVATION OF CYTOCHROME P450 2B6 BY METHADONE Hemali
Amunugama, Haoming Zhang and Paul F. Hollenberg Department of Pharmacology,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109. Methadone is a μ-opioid
receptor agonist widely used in the treatment of narcotic addiction and in
chronic pain conditions. Methadone is metabolized predominantly in the liver
by cytochrome P450s (CYPS) to its pharmacologically inactive primary
metabolite 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine. Initial in
vitro data suggested that CYP3A4 is the major isoform responsible for the in
vivo clearance of methadone in humans. However, recent clinical data have
identified that CYP2B6 is actually the major isoform responsible for in vivo
methadone metabolism and clearance.In this study, methadone was analyzed for
its ability to act as a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP2B6. Methadone
inactivates CYP2B6 in a time, concentration and NADPH dependent manner with
a KI = 10.0 μM and ki(nact) = 0.02 min-1. The activity loss of 2B6, in the
presence of methadone and NADPH occurred with a concurrent loss of the
reduced CO spectrum of the P450. Moreover, a good correlation between the
loss of 2B6 activity and the loss of CO-binding was observed. HPLC analysis
of P450-associated heme demonstrated that approximately 80% loss of native
heme is accompanied by a comparable inactivation of 2B6. A labeled protein
or stable heme adducts were not observed by LC/MS/MS analysis. These results
suggest that covalent modification or destruction of heme is the major
mechanism leading to the inactivation of 2B6 by methadone.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cytochrome
cytochrome P450
methadone
xenobiotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 ethylidene 1,5 dimethyl 3,3 diphenylpyrrolidine
heme
opiate agonist
protein
reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic pain
clinical study
high performance liquid chromatography
human
in vitro study
liver
metabolism
metabolite
narcotic dependence
pharmacology
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03602532.2011.629832
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 449
TITLE
Pharmacists' experiences with dispensing opioids: Provincial survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Kahan M.
Wilson L.
Wenghofer E.F.
Srivastava A.
Resnick A.
Janecek E.
Sheehan C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kahan M., kahanm@stjoe.on.ca) Addiction Medicine Services Clinic, St.
Joseph's Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Kahan M., kahanm@stjoe.on.ca; Wilson L.; Srivastava A.) St. Joseph's Health
Centre, Family Medicine, East Wing, 30 The Queensway, Toronto, ON M6R 1B5,
Canada.
(Kahan M., kahanm@stjoe.on.ca; Wilson L.; Srivastava A.) Department of
Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.
(Wenghofer E.F.) Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research, Laurentian
University, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
(Wenghofer E.F.) School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University,
Sudbury, ON, Canada.
(Srivastava A.; Janecek E.) Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto,
ON, Canada.
(Resnick A.) Ontario College of Pharmacists, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Sheehan C.) Child Care Resources, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Kahan, St. Joseph's Health Centre, Family Medicine, East Wing, 30 The
Queensway, Toronto, ON M6R 1B5, Canada. Email: kahanm@stjoe.on.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Family Physician (2011) 57:11 (e448-e454). Date of Publication:
November 2011
ISSN
0008-350X
BOOK PUBLISHER
College of Family Physicians of Canada, 2630 Skymark Avenue, Mississauga
Ont., Canada.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore pharmacists' beliefs, practices, and experiences
regarding opioid dispensing. Design: Mailed survey. Setting: The province of
Ontario. Participants: A total of 1011 pharmacists selected from the Ontario
College of Pharmacists' registration list. Main outcome measures:
Pharmacists' experiences with opioid-related adverse events (intoxication
and aberrant drug-related behaviour) and their interactions with physicians.
Results: A total of 652 pharmacists returned the survey, for a response rate
of 64%. Most (86%) reported that they were concerned about several or many
of their patients who were taking opioids; 36% reported that at least 1
patient was intoxicated from opioids while visiting their pharmacies within
the past year. Reasons for opioid intoxication included the patient taking
more than prescribed (84%), the patient using alcohol or sedating drugs
along with the opioid (69.9%), or the prescribed dose being too high (34%).
Participants' most common concerns in the 3 months before the survey were
patients coming in early for prescription refills, suspected
double-doctoring, and requests for replacement doses for lost medication
(reported frequently by 39%, 12%, and 16% of respondents, respectively).
Pharmacists were concerned about physician practices, such as prescribing
benzodiazepines along with opioids. Pharmacists reported difficulty in
reaching physicians directly by telephone (43%), and indicated that
physicians frequently did not return their calls promptly (28%). The
strategies rated as most helpful for improving opioid dispensing were a
provincial prescription database and opioid prescribing guidelines.
Conclusion: Pharmacists commonly observe opioid intoxication and aberrant
drug-related behaviour in their patients but have difficulty communicating
their concerns to physicians. System-wide strategies are urgently needed to
improve the safety of opioid prescribing and to enhance communication
between physicians and pharmacists.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug marketing
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
article
drug abuse
drug intoxication
health care survey
human
inappropriate prescribing
patient compliance
pharmacist
physician attitude
practice guideline
professional competence
work experience
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011642563
MEDLINE PMID
22084475 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22084475)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 450
TITLE
Banana bag utilization in the emergency department: Pharmacy educational
initiatives can decrease “dogmatic” orders for banana bags
AUTHOR NAMES
Kuo D.
Buehler G.
Patel K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kuo D.; Buehler G.; Patel K.) Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United
States.
(Kuo D.; Buehler G.; Patel K.) Ben Taub General Hospital, Houston, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Kuo, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.
SOURCE
Annals of Emergency Medicine (2011) 58:4 SUPPL. 1 (S257). Date of
Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2011 Research Forum
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-15 to 2011-10-16
ISSN
0196-0644
BOOK PUBLISHER
Mosby Inc.
ABSTRACT
Study Objective: “Banana bags” have been historically ordered for all
potential alcoholics to supplement their nutritional states and prevent
Wernicke's encephalopathy despite evidence for their effectiveness. We
sought to decrease the ordering of “banana bags” and evaluated the
effectiveness of a pharmacy educational initiative to decrease “banana bag”
orders. Methods: This is retrospective before and after study performed in
emergency department (ED) of an academic teaching institution in a major
metropolitan city with over 100,000 annual visits. This study was performed
in the adult population (> 18 yrs of age). Four months were studied to
establish a baseline prior to the intervention and 4 months were studied
after the intervention. Pharmacy orders for “banana bag” were reviewed by
the ED pharmacist before and after an educational initiative was initiated
in the ED. This educational initiative consisted of a brief presentation on
the lack of evidence to support “banana bag” administration that was given
during physician and student orientation. IV thiamine alone was recommended
as an alternative for malnourished alcoholics. Outcome measures were the
number of “banana bag” orders written per month. Secondaryoutcome measures
were potential cost savings. Results: There were 216, 155, 141, and 165
orders for “banana bag” in the baseline control months with zero orders for
IV thiamine. The mean for the 4 control months was 169 (SD 33). The
following month orders for “banana bag” decreased to 81, 17, 0, 1
sequentially with 6, 7, 23 and 37 orders for IV thiamine respectively. Cost
savings were calculated using $24 as the cost (hospital costs not charge) of
a banana bag and $12 as the cost of IV thiamine. The average monthly cost
before the initiative was $4056. The average monthly cost after the
initiative was $816 for an average monthly savings of $3240. If the first 2
months after the initiative are considered transitional then the average
monthly cost would be $384 for a monthly savings of$3672 or annual savings
of over $44,000. Conclusions: A pharmacy educational initiative can
significantly decrease the number of unnecessary orders for “banana bags”
and provide potential cost savings.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
thiamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
banana
college
emergency physician
emergency ward
human
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcoholism
city
cost control
hospital cost
nutritional status
pharmacist
physician
population
student
teaching
Wernicke encephalopathy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.06.268
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 451
TITLE
Assessment of student pharmacist learning from a multidisciplinary older
adult home visit
AUTHOR NAMES
Breslin T.M.
Kulik A.J.
Bugalski Stutrud C.A.
Bowers C.J.
Smith G.B.
Mendez J.
Afonso N.M.
Waites C.C.
O'Connell M.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Breslin T.M.; Kulik A.J.; Bugalski Stutrud C.A.; Smith G.B.; O'Connell
M.B.) Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and
Health Sciences, Detroit, United States.
(Bowers C.J.; Waites C.C.) Wayne State University, College of Social Work,
Detroit, United States.
(Mendez J.) Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Detroit, United
States.
(Afonso N.M.) Oakland University, William Beaumont School of Medicine,
Rochester, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.M. Breslin, Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy
and Health Sciences, Detroit, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (422e-423e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess achievement of pharmacy experiential goals designed to
enhance student learning related to aging, social constructs, patient
assessment, physician roles, team care, and home visits from a
multidisciplinary team experience with older adults in their homes. METHODS:
83 pairs of a third-year student pharmacist and secondyear medical student
assessed an older adult in his/her home. Student pharmacists performed a
comprehensive medication review, identified drug-related problems, and with
a pharmacy preceptor created a recommendation letter and medication
calendar, which were given to the older adult. Medical students assessed
fall risk and activities of daily living. Student pharmacists completed a
post-visit learning survey related to curricular goals. Survey questions
were analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics (SPSS v19). Open-ended
questions were analyzed using qualitative research techniques, resulting in
learning themes. RESULTS: Sixty-six percent of students reported increased
understanding about social influences on medication use. Students thought (>
70% responses) team care was more comprehensive, could improve patient
outcomes, and would be important to their professional success. Most
students (96%) believed the home visit resulted in additional information
that could improve health care delivery. Based on qualitative findings,
students learned that older adults were more active, independent, and
knowledgeable about their health than expected. They felt the medical
students were empathetic toward the older adult and demonstrated positive
personality traits, professionalism, and good interviewing skills. Students
described multidisciplinary team care as important and provider roles
complementary. The home visits were noted to provide an environment more
comfortable for the older adult as they were quite amiable, communicative,
and receptive to information provided by the team. Most students (86%)
indicated the project was worthwhile and would recommend it to other
students. CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary training with older adults in a home
environment was a good learning opportunity for the students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
clinical pharmacy
college
human
learning
pharmacist
professional practice
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
aging
daily life activity
drug therapy
environment
fall risk
health
health care delivery
home environment
medical student
patient
patient assessment
personality
pharmacy
physician
professionalism
qualitative research
skill
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 452
TITLE
Collaborative health risk assessment and management program between the
university pharmacy clinic and city employees
AUTHOR NAMES
Capehart K.D.
O'Neil M.
Bottorff M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Capehart K.D.; O'Neil M.; Bottorff M.) University of Charleston, School of
Pharmacy, Charleston, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.D. Capehart, University of Charleston, School of Pharmacy, Charleston,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (390e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of the collaboration is to provide medication therapy
management services to Charleston, West Virginia city employees in
conjunction with the City's Employee Health Risk Management Program.
METHODS: All city employees and dependents were required to complete a
comprehensive health risk assessment (HRA) in the fall of 2010. The
collaborative program with the City was created based on the HRA results.
Patients may self-refer to the pharmacy clinic or be referred by the City's
free physician assistant-run health clinic. Services provided include
medication therapy management, chronic disease management for diabetes,
cholesterol, hypertension, heart failure, asthma, COPD, smoking cessation,
pain management, and substance abuse prevention. The City will reimburse the
PharmUC Patient Care Clinic on a fee-for-service basis. The services are
free to the employee and dependents and can be utilized while at work
without taking paid or unpaid time off. Adherent participants to the Health
Risk Management Program receive a discount on their health premiums.
RESULTS: An agreement was reached with the City of Charleston for the
PharmUC Patient Care Clinic to be a part of the City's Employee Health Risk
Management Program. Utilizing the appropriate national Guidelines and/or
quality indicators for each condition will be examined at six and twelve
months. Also, work productivity indicators and overall healthcare savings
will be evaluated. Employee satisfaction with the health plan before and
after Program implementation will be assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Opportunities
exist for pharmacy-based clinics to contract with insurers, particularly
self-insured companies, to facilitate improvement in the management of
health risks. The City of Charleston is taking a proactive step to improve
the health of its employees and beneficiaries by recognizing the benefits
that clinical pharmacy can offer and incorporating these services into their
health plan.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cholesterol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
city
clinical pharmacy
college
employee
health hazard
hospital
human
pharmacy
risk assessment
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
asthma
chronic disease
diabetes mellitus
disease management
health
health care
health center
heart failure
hypertension
medication therapy management
patient
patient care
physician assistant
prevention
productivity
risk management
satisfaction
smoking cessation
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 453
TITLE
University students' perspectives on community pharmacy public health
services: A qualitative study
AUTHOR NAMES
Al-Kattan T.
White S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Al-Kattan T.; White S.) Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Al-Kattan, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 19 SUPPL. 2 (80-81). Date
of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society Conference 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
London, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-11 to 2011-09-12
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction In recent years, an increased variety of public health services
have been provided by community pharmacies in addition to the supply of
medicines, for example smoking cessation services, alcohol reduction and
weight management programmes, physiological measurement monitoring (e.g.
blood pressure), Chlamydia screening, supply of EHC, and syringe and needle
exchange services.(1) However, previous studies have suggested that the
general public may be largely unaware of these extended services.(2)
University students may be at particular risk of adverse health outcomes as
a result of exposure to excess alcohol consumption, drugs and risky sexual
behaviour, 3 and subsequently may benefit from these services pro- vided by
community pharmacies. However, little is known about students' perspectives
on community pharmacy public health services. As such, this study aimed to
explore a group of University students' perspectives on these services.
Method Following ethical approval from the School of Pharmacy Research
Ethics Committee, qualitative interviews were conducted online with a
purposive sample of 12 students using mobile-instant-messaging-applications.
Participants were recruited by emailing all students at the University,
personal contact with secretaries of University clubs and societies, and by
posting messages on Student Union message boards. Those who responded were
asked which course they were studying and whether or not they were from the
UK to ensure sample heterogeneity and that pharmacy students were not
targeted. Subsequently, most but not all were recruited. The interview guide
was developed on the basis of the objectives of the study and a review of
the literature. Interview topics included participants' perspectives on
community pharmacy services and their experiences of using community
pharmacies. The data was analysed by framework analysis.(4) Results In
general, students appeared to have a good understanding of medicines supply
services provided by community pharmacies but seemed to be much less aware
of public healthrelated services, and were not aware of having seen any of
these services advertised in pharmacies. The exceptions to this were that
all of the participants were aware that smoking cessation services were
provided by community pharmacies and female students appeared to have a
greater awareness of Chlamydia screening services than male students.
Students reported being concerned about the potential lack of privacy and
confidentiality in community pharmacies in relation to issues that may be
subject to stigma, such as sexual health services, especially Chlamydia
screening and supply of EHC, as well as drug misuse services. In particular,
most students seemed unaware of private consultation rooms in community
pharmacies and reported that they would feel embarrassed asking about these
services at the counter. Conclusion These findings suggest that students'
awareness of the public health services provided by community pharmacies may
need to be raised, if they are to benefit from these services. In doing so,
pharmacists should place a particular emphasis on the existence of
consultation rooms where sensitive issues can be discussed in private and
how services can be accessed without students having to specifically ask
about them at the counter. This may be achieved by University-based health
promotion campaigns, but further research is needed to identify the most
effective method of targeting this population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
health care organization
pharmacy
public health service
qualitative research
university student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
blood pressure
Chlamydia
confidentiality
consultation
drug misuse
exposure
female
health
health promotion
health service
human
interview
male
monitoring
needle
pharmacist
pharmacy student
population
privacy
professional standard
purposive sample
research ethics
risk
school
screening
sexual behavior
sexual health
smoking cessation
student
syringe
United Kingdom
university
weight
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2011.00147_2.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 454
TITLE
The role of a community pharmacy resident in expanding clinical pharmacy
services within a traditional dispensing model
AUTHOR NAMES
Montgomery J.
Turner T.J.
Quinn M.
Harms J.
Samol S.
Fabian T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Montgomery J.; Turner T.J.; Quinn M.; Harms J.; Samol S.; Fabian T.)
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical
Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Montgomery, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (394e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Patients with serious mental illness are at a higher risk for
developing chronic medical disorders including metabolic syndrome and have
significantly higher rates of premature mortality. Adherence to medications
presents a special challenge for this vulnerable patient population.
Community pharmacists can directly impact patient care and improve clinical
outcomes through innovative dispensing models and specialized pharmacy
services. We evaluated the role of a community pharmacy resident in
expanding clinical pharmacy services within a traditional dispensing model.
METHODS: A total of 50 psychiatric outpatients were identified as having
complex medication regimens and poor medication adherence and were enrolled
in a pillbox program. Medical and psychiatric medications were dispensed in
a weekly pillbox to promote adherence. Electronic medical records were
reviewed to identify individuals with medical comorbidities including
diabetes, hypertension or hyperlipidemia. A comprehensive medication review
was conducted and medication education provided to the patient over three
visits. Documentation of each visit was sent to the patient's primary care
provider. RESULTS: Of the 50 patients enrolled in the pillbox program, 27
(54%) had co-morbid medical diagnoses of diabetes, hypertension and/or
hyperlipidemia. To date, one-third (9/27) have completed the medication
management program. Patients were prescribed an average of 11 medications
with complex dosing regimens. Eighteen drug therapy problems were identified
of which 16 (89%) were resolved through pharmacy interventions with
providers. CONCLUSION: The addition of a community pharmacy resident was
important to the success of this pilot project to assess feasibility of
adding clinical pharmacy services to our current workflow. Although patients
were enrolled in a structured dispensing program, drug therapy problems
including adherence were identified. Pharmacists addressed patient specific
medication issues and collaborated with providers to resolve. Incorporation
of clinical pharmacy services into a traditional dispensing model can
improve medication adherence, address access to care and promote health
outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
community
hospital department
human
model
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
diabetes mellitus
diagnosis
diseases
documentation
drug therapy
education
electronic medical record
health
hyperlipidemia
hypertension
mental disease
metabolic syndrome X
outpatient
patient
patient care
patient compliance
pharmacist
pilot study
population
premature mortality
primary medical care
risk
workflow
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 455
TITLE
Experiential value of an older adult medication assessment early in the
pharmacy curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Rutkowski K.M.
Freitel K.M.
Rosenthal T.C.
Smith G.B.
O'Connell M.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rutkowski K.M.; Freitel K.M.; Rosenthal T.C.; Smith G.B.; O'Connell M.B.)
Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health
Sciences, Detroit, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.M. Rutkowski, Wayne State University, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy
and Health Sciences, Detroit, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (423e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the learning and appropriateness of an older adult
medication review early in the curriculum. METHODS: Older adults visited the
college to meet first-year students who would soon provide their medication
review with a pharmacist. The team performed the review at the older adult's
independent living residence during spring/summer year one experiential
courses (IPPE). The pharmacist gave each older adult a medication calendar
and list of recommendations. Three months later, the students visited their
older adult to learn about recommendation implementation. After each aspect,
students wrote a reflection. Students completed an anonymous learning survey
after the program (39% response). Descriptive statistics (SPSS v19) were
used to summarize survey data and qualitative research techniques (Atlas.ti
v6.2) were used to determine learning themes from the reflections. RESULTS:
Students (≥73%) felt comfortable speaking with older adults at the social
event, were confident in their duties, and thought the follow-up visit was
valuable. They felt the medication review was beneficial to the older adult
(70%). This experience helped develop communications skills (60%), enhanced
understanding of pharmacists' roles in medication management (70%), and
expanded medication knowledge (57%). Students thought this project should be
continued (57%) and recommended changes. In the reflections, students
described learning about older adult lifestyles, health, and medication
issues. Students were able to practice and improve skills gained throughout
didactic and lab courses (e.g., self-confidence, older adult interviewing).
They learned how to prepare a medication calendar. Many students felt the
older adults also benefited from the interaction. Drug related problems were
identified and resolved throughout the project that might not have been
recognized otherwise. Reflection reviews from the social event and 3 month
follow-up visit are pending. CONCLUSION: Students learned about older adult
lifestyles, medication issues and assessment adjustments. The experience
will be continued in the curriculum with changes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
clinical pharmacy
college
curriculum
drug therapy
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
follow up
health
human
independent living
interpersonal communication
learning
lifestyle
pharmacist
qualitative research
skill
speech
statistics
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 456
TITLE
Impact of a pharmacist sedation program on the medical and surgical
mechanically ventilated patient population in a level II trauma center
AUTHOR NAMES
Lederhouse L.
Bobek M.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lederhouse L.; Bobek M.B.) New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Lederhouse, New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, United
States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (326e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Determine the impact of a pharmacist monitoring sedation program in
the mechanically ventilated patient population in a community hospital
setting. METHODS: This retrospective/prospective study was approved by the
Institutional Review Board. The included population was any medical or
general surgical mechanically ventilated patient receiving continuous
sedatives and/or analgesics. Excluded from this study were neurosurgery
patients, patients on neuromuscular blockers, and those with active
seizures, withdrawal symptoms, evidence of increased intracranial
hemorrhage, or profound neurological deficits. The primary outcome was
length of mechanical ventilation time. Secondary outcomes included total
doses of analgesics/sedatives, documentation of the daily wake up
assessment, length of ICU stay, and adverse effects. In the retrospective
study, data was collected on 50 patients admitted during the months of
January and February 2010, which served as the control group. In the
prospective study, ICU nurses received an in-service on daily wake up
assessments by the pharmacist and also completed an online training module.
The pharmacist then ensured wake up assessments were performed daily and
made recommendations regarding appropriate sedatives and analgesics. The
results of the prospective study were compared with the retrospective study
for the primary outcome. RESULTS: The average length of mechanical
ventilation was reduced from 138.45 hours to 113.0 hours (P=0.6675).
Improvements in secondary outcomes were seen, including amount of wake up
assessments performed correctly increased from 12.5% to 67.8% (P<0.001) and
death rate (14% vs. 36%, P=0.0111). CONCLUSION: While the decrease in
mechanical ventilation time was not statistically significant, there was an
improvement in secondary outcomes, including the amount of wake up
assessments performed correctly and death rate. As a result of the study,
the nursing documentation system was updated to provide further guidance on
the wake up assessment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
neuromuscular blocking agent
sedative agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
emergency health service
human
pharmacist
population
sedation
ventilated patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
artificial ventilation
brain hemorrhage
community hospital
control group
documentation
institutional review
monitoring
mortality
neurosurgery
nurse
nursing
patient
prospective study
retrospective study
seizure
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 457
TITLE
Impact of a pharmacist as a member of an interprofessional team to identify
and reduce medication related problems during transitions of care from
skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) to home
AUTHOR NAMES
Soong K.
Zlokas D.A.
Tyagi S.
Hodes D.Z.
Gennari A.
Ruby C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Soong K.; Zlokas D.A.; Ruby C.M.) University of Pittsburgh, School of
Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, United States.
(Tyagi S.; Hodes D.Z.; Gennari A.) UPMC, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Soong, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, United
States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (426e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Transitions of care may involve multiple medication changes that
lead to uncertainty about medication regimens and potential errors. This
project addressed medication related problems identified during telephone
calls to patients discharged from three SNFs. METHODS: An interprofessional
team, centered in an outpatient geriatric clinic, composed of a pharmacist,
social worker, and physician collaborated with three SNFs to develop a
protocol to improve continuity of care for returning clinic patients.
Information from the recent hospitalization and SNF stay included: discharge
medication lists/summaries and medication administration records. Within 3
business days of discharge, a pharmacist and pharmacy student contacted
patients or family representatives via telephone to identify drug therapy
problems, perform medication reconciliation, and update the electronic
medical record (EMR). Referrals were made to the social worker if necessary.
Therapeutic recommendations were documented in the EMR and communicated to
the interprofessional team. RESULTS: The pharmacy team contacted 10
patients, of which 8 had > 10 medications. All 10 patients (100%) were found
to have medication related problems, with the most frequent problems being
unnecessary drug therapy (50%) and adherence issues (50%). The pharmacist
identified 26 medication-related problems (mean 2.6 per patient), made 17
recommendations and provided 22 counseling points. Common co-morbidities
included: hypertension (70%), osteoporosis (50%), and pain (30%). Only 1
patient required hospitalization within 30 days after the encounter which
was due to an infectious process unrelated to the previous admission.
CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists have a crucial role as part of an interprofessional
team to identify and reduce the number of medication related problems in
geriatric patients during transitions of care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
drug therapy
human
nursing home
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
commercial phenomena
counseling
electronic medical record
geriatric hospital
geriatric patient
hospital
hospitalization
hypertension
medication therapy management
morbidity
osteoporosis
outpatient
pain
patient
patient care
pharmacy
pharmacy student
physician
social worker
telephone
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 458
TITLE
A pharmacist-run collaborative care program in a free urban primary care
clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Jonkman L.J.
Connor S.E.
Herbert M.I.
Mrvos S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jonkman L.J.; Connor S.E.) University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy,
Pittsburgh, United States.
(Herbert M.I.) UPMC, Department of General Internal Medicine, Pittsburgh,
United States.
(Mrvos S.) Duquesne University, Mylan School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.J. Jonkman, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (389e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Pittsburgh's Birmingham Free Clinic (BFC) serves a growing
population of patients with chronic diseases. BFC's walk-in model requires
patients to return monthly, which works to provide access for new patients,
but is less-than-ideal for patients needing continuing care. With limited
volunteer physician staffing and thus, physician continuity, BFC developed a
pharmacist-run appointmentbased collaborative care program to provide
on-going care and medication refills to patients with chronic diseases. In
this assessment we investigate drug-related problems (DRPs), interventions,
and clinical outcomes for program participants. METHODS: This retrospective
review included all patients with at least one pharmacist visit since
program initiation (June 2009-May 2011). We recorded demographics, number of
pharmacist visits, clinical data, DRPs, and interventions. The University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center's quality improvement committee approved this
project. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients had at least one pharmacist visit in
the period assessed with a total of 251 visits. The majority of patients
were middle-aged (49.5 years), male (54.9%), black (51.6%), lowincome
($640/month), and housed (59.3%). 115 DRPs were identified (average
1.8/patient; 0.46/visit), most common being “dose too low” (34.6%) and
“non-compliance ”(23.4%). 590 interventions were made (average 9.2/patient;
2.35/visit), most common being “education provided” (67.7%) and “referred to
lab” (13.7%). Of those with diabetes (45.3%), baseline A1C was 8.0%
(5.6-11.6%), blood pressure 134.6/85 mmHg (108-180/64-110 mmHg), and LDL
89.1 mg/dL (45-136 mg/dL). No statistically significant changes were seen
for A1C or blood pressure; LDL decreased 10.2 mg/dL (p=0.033). However,
83.3% with A1C > 9% at baseline (6 patients) saw an A1C reduction.
CONCLUSION: While we did not find significant clinical improvements, most
had reasonable disease control at baseline. Improvements are complicated by
patient social situations and timely access to laboratory services for
disease monitoring. This project highlights the potential role for
pharmacists in resource-poor settings to provide chronic care that extends
the traditional primary care infrastructure.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
low density lipoprotein
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
human
pharmacist
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood pressure
chronic disease
clinical study
diabetes mellitus
disease control
drug therapy
education
laboratory
male
middle aged
model
monitoring
patient
physician
population
total quality management
university
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 459
TITLE
Do emergency physicians know street drug slang?
AUTHOR NAMES
Burns B.
Stallard T.
Snell J.
Morgan D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Burns B.; Stallard T.; Snell J.; Morgan D.) University of Oklahoma, School
of Community Medicine, Tulsa, United States.
(Burns B.; Stallard T.; Snell J.; Morgan D.) Texas A and M Health Science
Center, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, TX, Temple, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Burns, University of Oklahoma, School of Community Medicine, Tulsa,
United States.
SOURCE
Annals of Emergency Medicine (2011) 58:4 SUPPL. 1 (S215-S216). Date of
Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
American College of Emergency Physicians, ACEP 2011 Research Forum
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Francisco, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-15 to 2011-10-16
ISSN
0196-0644
BOOK PUBLISHER
Mosby Inc.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: People with illicit substance abuse problems are frequent
patients in emergency departments. Generally, these patients are only
familiar with the “street slang” terms of abused substances. This
terminology is usually not familiar to many emergency department (ED)
professionals resulting in significant communication and treatment failures.
However, knowledge of street slang by physician specialtyhas not been
studied and the actual educational needs in this area are not known. Study
Objective: To measure and compare knowledge of street drug terminology among
groups of health care providers. Methods: A 25-question test on street drug
slang given to attending physicians, residents, and medical students. The
residents were in 2 emergency medicine residency programs in contiguous
states. As controls, the test was also given to non-emergency medicine
attending physicians, non-EM residents, fourth-year medical students at 2
medical schools, emergency medicine attending staff at the 2 programs,
pharmacists, and ED nurses. The emergency medicine attendings were compared
to the other groups using 95% confidence limits and the Mann-Whitney rank
sum test. Results: There were 65 attending physicians (17 emergency medicine
and 48 non-EM physicians), 67 residents (34 emergency medicine residents and
31 non-EM residents), 24 medical students, 7 pharmacists, and 17 nurses who
participated. Each group had a mean score of less than 10 correct answers
(40% correct) with a range from 1 to 19 correct. emergency medicine
attending physicians had a mean score of 9.9 (SD = 3.8), emergency medicine
residents scored 8.8 (Standard Deviation =3.9), non-EM physicians scored 5.4
(SD= 3.2), non-EM residents with 5.1 (SD = 2.2), nurses with 4.8 (SD = 2.3),
medical students with 6.63 (SD= 2.7) and the pharmacists scored 8.0 (SD =
4.7). When compared to the other groups, the emergency medicine residents
had a difference with emergency medicine attending of -1.2 (95% CI: -3.5 to
1.2), pharmacists 0.8 (95% CI: -2.8 to 4.4), medical students 2.1 (95% CI:
0.3 to 4.0), non-EM residents 3.6 (95% CI: 2.0 to 5.2), and ED nurses 4.0
(95% CI: 1.9 to 6.0). Only the comparison to medical students (p = .033),
non-EM residents (p<.001), and nurses (p<.001) were statistically
significant. Conclusions: All groups performed poorly on the test. Although
the emergency medicine attendings performed better than all groups, there
are major knowledge deficiencies in this area which may be significant
barriers to excellent Emergency care. Emergency medicine residencies and
continuing medical education activities need to focus on this potential
language and knowledge gap between health care providers and the population
they treat.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
street drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
emergency physician
human
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
emergency care
emergency medicine
emergency ward
health care personnel
interpersonal communication
language
medical education
medical school
medical student
nurse
patient
pharmacist
physician
population
rank sum test
substance abuse
treatment failure
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.06.140
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 460
TITLE
Facebook as an educational tool in pharmacognosy
AUTHOR NAMES
Giner-Pons R.M.
Blázquez-Ferrer M.A.
Máñez-Aliño S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Giner-Pons R.M.; Blázquez-Ferrer M.A.; Máñez-Aliño S.) Departament of
Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.M. Giner-Pons, Departament of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University
of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2011) 109 SUPPL. 2 (65).
Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
33rd Conference of the Spanish Society of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Malaga, Spain
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-03 to 2011-10-05
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Facebook is one of the most popular social networking that can be applied as
an innovative educational methodology to improve communication between
teachers and learners and enhance learning competencies. The aim of the
present study was to explore the use of Facebook as an online communication
tool and its effectiveness to provide learning outcomes in Pharmacognosy, a
compulsory subject in the third year of the Degree of Pharmacy of the
University of Valencia. The study was conducted under a group of 45
students, three quarters of the registered ones. Once the Facebook group was
created, different questions and problems on natural drugs, mainly on
isolation and characterization of active plant secondary metabolites as well
as their pharmacological properties, were formulated in the virtual
classroom section. Members of the group try to solve them, what results in
sharing knowledge. The methodology provided insight into the students
reflections as they emerged in the questions delivered to them. The teacher
regularly responded, and the immediate messages imply checking the social
network very frequently, so giving feedback to students. This tool was also
applied to dispel doubts about the exam; to give detailed corrections and
the marks obtained, therefore it extended the classroom to the virtual
interface. A survey evaluated the students? experiences that joined the
group. Overall, the community gained a positive experience from using
Facebook. Provided that it is a persuasive strategy to improve
professor-student and student-student relationships, it could work
effectively as a complementary learning tool.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacognosy
pharmacology
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
feedback system
human
interpersonal communication
learning
metabolite
methodology
pharmacy
plant
social network
student
teacher
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00773.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 461
TITLE
Degree of dependence influences the effects of smoking on psychomotor
performance and working memory capacity
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashor A.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashor A.W., ammar_w_78@yahoo.com) Department of Pharmacology, College of
Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. W. Ashor, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine,
Al-Mustansiriya University, PO Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq. Email:
ammar_w_78@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Neurosciences (2011) 16:4 (353-357). Date of Publication: October 2011
ISSN
1319-6138
BOOK PUBLISHER
Saudi Arabian Armed Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Exploration of the variable effect of the degree of smoking
dependence on psychomotor performance and working memory capacity. Methods:
This is a randomized, controlled, prospective study conducted in the
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University,
Baghdad, Iraq from 15 January 2011 to 25 February 2011. After third stage
male medical students completed the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
questionnaire, we randomly selected a sample of 32 students and divided them
into 3 groups: 10 participants with zero score (non-smokers), 11
participants with a score of 5 or less (light smokers), and 11 participants
with a score of 6 or more (heavy smokers). Choice reaction time and flicker
fusion were measured by the Leeds psychomotor performance test battery, and
working memory capacity was measured by the N-back working memory test.
Results: We found significant improvement in ascending flicker fusion test
in heavy smokers in comparison with non-smokers (p=0.005, confidence
interval [CI] 0.99-6), and light smokers (p=0.053, CI 0.39-4.5). Heavy
smokers significantly deteriorated in the 3-back task in comparison with
non-smokers (p=0.006, CI 4-25.8), and light smokers (p=0.009, CI 3-24.4). No
significant changes were seen between groups in the descending critical
flicker fusion, the components of choice reaction time, and in 1-, 2- back
working memory tests. Conclusion: Heavy smoking (high nicotine) enhances
arousal, but impairs working memory capacity.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychomotor performance
smoking
tobacco dependence
working memory
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
arousal
article
assessment of humans
clinical article
confidence interval
controlled study
critical flicker fusion
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Questionnaire
human
Iraq
male
medical student
memory consolidation
memory disorder
prospective study
response time
smoking habit
task performance
university hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Arabic
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011575316
MEDLINE PMID
21983379 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21983379)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 462
TITLE
Incorporating pharmacy services within a family medicine residency home
visit program
AUTHOR NAMES
Dougherty T.M.
Klusaritz H.A.
Cronholm P.F.
Kasbekar N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dougherty T.M.) Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Department of Family
Medicine and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
United States.
(Klusaritz H.A.; Cronholm P.F.) Department of Family Medicine and Community
Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.
(Kasbekar N.) Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.M. Dougherty, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Department of Family
Medicine and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (399e-400e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate patient-related medication and safety outcomes
associated with pharmacist and pharmacy student involvement in a family
medicine residency home visit program. METHODS: The home visit team at the
University of Pennsylvania Family Medicine Residency consists of an
attending, resident physician, social worker and pharmacist and/or pharmacy
student. Patients are deemed appropriate home visit candidates for
evaluation of: post-hospitalization/acute care follow-up, medication
assessment/reconciliation, long-term care options, or environmental effect
on illness. The pharmacy team evaluates medication taking habits at home,
conducts medication reconciliation, provides counseling on adherence and
medication use and recommends medication changes based on safety/efficacy
concerns. Data on visit reason, adverse events, drug-related problems () and
interventions was analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 48 patients visited, reasons for
home evaluation were medication assessment (41%), post-hospitalization
(31%), environment (21%), options (6%), other (3%). The pharmacy team
identified 79 (mean 1.9/patient; range 1-7), the most common being adherence
issues (52%). Others included overuse, underuse, taking a medication that
was stopped, taking expired medications, duplicate therapy, low health
literacy, incorrect administration, taking a medication to which an allergy
exists, and side effects. Of those , 13 preventable adverse events () were
identified and solved with pharmacy recommendations in 12 patients (27%).
The were: continuing to take medications (, ) stopped due to adverse event
(GI bleed, hypotension), taking lower or higher than prescribed doses (,
insulin), duplication (), drug interaction necessitating change in therapy,
crushing ER medications ( acid, ), patient allergic to sulfa recently
started with new rash. A total of 30 pharmacy interventions were accepted
including discontinuing medications, reducing cost of medications, delivery
set-up, teaching, switching medications. CONCLUSION: Involvement of a
pharmacist and pharmacy students within a family medicine residency home
visit program can reduce drug-related problems and preventable adverse drug
events.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acid
insulin
sulfanilamide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
family medicine
hospital department
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
allergy
counseling
drug interaction
drug therapy
environment
follow up
general aspects of disease
habit
health literacy
hospitalization
human
hypotension
long term care
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy student
physician
rash
safety
side effect
social worker
teaching
therapy
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 463
TITLE
Community pharmacy users' opinions of methadone substitution services
AUTHOR NAMES
Gidman W.
Coggans N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gidman W.; Coggans N.) University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. Gidman, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 19 SUPPL. 2 (29-30). Date
of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Royal Pharmaceutical Society Conference 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
London, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-11 to 2011-09-12
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction Heroin has accounted for most of the drug related morbidity and
mortality in Europe since the 1970s1. Rates of problem opioid use are higher
in Scotland than much of the world2. National comparisons indicate that
methadone substitution therapy decreases mortality rates amongst opioid
users and health policy supports these services1. Community pharmacists'
involvement in providing methadone substitution services has increased over
time3; the total bill for dispensing methadone rose in Scotland by 84% since
2003/4 to £16,637,636 in 2008/9. Potentially the expansion of this service
could affect other community pharmacy service users. To date few studies
have considered pharmacy users' attitudes to methadone substitution
services. Qualitative data from 2004 demonstrated that the majority of
community pharmacy customers questioned were supportive of the methadone
programme and understood why it was required4. Aim This study aimed to
explore the attitudes of pharmacy users to methadone substitution services
in Glasgow and Lanarkshire. Methods This study has university ethics
committee approval. A short semi-structured questionnaire was developed on
the basis of published literature to evaluate pharmacy customer's opinions
on community pharmacy methadone substitution services. Researchers
administered the questionnaire to 50 pharmacy users at six study sites (n =
300) in February 2009. The sampling strategy aimed to gather representative
data from pharmacy users in Glasgow and Lanarkshire. Study sites were
purposively selected on the basis of deprivation ranking, pharmacy ownership
(chainstore vs independent) and locality (city centre/residential). Data
were entered into SPSS and descriptive statistics were generated. Chi
squared tests were conducted to explore the effect of gender, age and study
site on respondents' attitudes. (Table presented) Results The sample
comprised 190 females (63%) and 110 males (37%); mean age was 45 years
(range 17-87 years). The majority of pharmacy customers were supportive of
the methadone programme. Most considered that the aim of the service was to
achieve abstinence (73%) or to prevent crime (26%). Only 1% thought
substitution therapy would prevent the spread of disease. Attitudes varied
with gender and study site location. Males were more knowledgeable about
harm reduction services in general. Females were more likely to stop using a
pharmacy if it provided methadone services. Awareness of methadone services
was higher in pharmacies located in deprived and residential areas. Support
for community pharmacy methadone services was highest in city centre
pharmacies in relatively affluent locations. Discussion Policy makers should
consider whether providing methadone services in community pharmacies has a
detrimental impact on other service users in some localities. It is not
clear from this study whether respondents' attitudes are based on negative
experiences or preconceived ideas. Future studies should further explore the
impact of community pharmacy methadone services on neighbourhoods, pharmacy
users, pharmacy workers and service uptake.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diamorphine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
health care organization
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
city
crime
Europe
female
gender
harm reduction
health care policy
male
morbidity
mortality
organization and management
pharmacist
policy
professional standard
questionnaire
residential area
sampling
statistics
structured questionnaire
substitution therapy
United Kingdom
university
worker
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2011.00145.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 464
TITLE
Drug-related problems in diabetes and transplant patients: An observational
study with home visits
AUTHOR NAMES
Eichenberger P.M.
Haschke M.
Lampert M.L.
Hersberger K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Eichenberger P.M.; Hersberger K.E., kurt.hersberger@unibas.ch)
Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel, Pharmazentrum,
Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
(Haschke M.) Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital
Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
(Lampert M.L.) Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cantonal Hospital Bruderholz,
4101 Bruderholz, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.E. Hersberger, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel,
Pharmazentrum, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland. Email:
kurt.hersberger@unibas.ch
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:5 (815-823). Date of
Publication: October 2011
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objectives To get insight into the medication management of diabetes type 2
(DM) as well as solid organ transplant (Tx) patients and to analyse
drug-related problems (DRPs) in order to explore opportunities for the
provision of pharmaceutical care. Setting Seventy-nine Swiss community
pharmacies offering internships for pharmacy students. Methods Diabetes and
transplant patients were recruited in community pharmacies and were
interviewed at home by fifth-year pharmacy students who were supervised by a
trained investigator, using a specific interview guide developed for this
study. Main outcome measure Pattern and frequency of DRPs and pattern of
medication management. Results In total, 22 (Tx patients) and 54 (DM
patients) home visits were carried out. Mean age of visited patients was
71.4 ± 8.1 years (DM) and 52.6 ± 13.8 years (Tx). Overall, 37.0% (DM) and
50.0% (Tx) of participants were female. We identified 7.4 ± 2.4 (mean ± SD)
DRPs per visited patient, with considerable differences between Tx and DM
patients (6.3 ± 1.7 vs. 7.8 ± 2.5). The most frequent DRPs were risk for
nonadherence (DM: 61.1%; Tx: 77.3%), confusion of generic and trade names
(DM: 74.1%; Tx: 27.3%), hoarding of over-the-counter medicines (DM: 48.1%;
Tx: 4.5%) and prescription-only medicines (DM: 37.0%; Tx: 36.4%), gaps in
knowledge about potential interactions (DM: 61.1%; Tx: 18.2%) and purpose of
drugs (DM: 48.1%; Tx: 36.4%). Mean (SD) duration of the visits was 51.7 ±
21.4 min. Conclusion Visiting Tx and DM patients in their homes allowed the
identification of a wide range of opportunities for pharmaceutical care as
well as specific DRPs which most probably would have escaped a medication
review in the pharmacy. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
generic drug
non prescription drug
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
graft recipient
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
organ transplantation
pharmaceutical care
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
confusion
controlled study
cross-sectional study
diabetic patient
female
health care delivery
health survey
human
major clinical study
male
medication therapy management
observational study
outcome assessment
patient compliance
patient education
pharmacy
pharmacy student
pilot study
priority journal
prospective study
risk assessment
self report
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Endocrinology (3)
Surgery (9)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011680946
MEDLINE PMID
21811831 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21811831)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9542-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 465
TITLE
A pilot fee-for-service medication therapy management program in a geriatric
primary care clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Linnebur S.A.
Vande Griend J.P.
Moore G.
Girgis I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Linnebur S.A.; Vande Griend J.P.; Moore G.) University of Colorado, School
of Pharmacy, Aurora, United States.
(Girgis I.) Colorado Access, Denver, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.A. Linnebur, University of Colorado, School of Pharmacy, Aurora, United
States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2011) 31:10 (400e-401e). Date of Publication: October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
2011 Annual Meeting of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Pittsburgh, PA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-16 to 2011-10-19
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the development and implementation of a pilot
medication therapy management (MTM) program reimbursed as a fee-for-service
through Medicare METHODS: A contract was negotiated between the University
of Colorado School of Pharmacy to provide MTM services as covered benefits
for all of the Geriatric Primary Care Clinic patients enrolled in the
Medicare Advantage HMO plan sponsored by Colorado Access, a non-profit
insurance provider. Two clinical pharmacists, with an established
relationship with clinic providers and full access to the electronic medical
record (EMR), provided the services. Unreimbursed MTM services have been
provided at the clinic for over 10 years. MTM was performed face-to-face and
over the phone. The number of billable visits was not limited. To aid in the
MTM visits, the clinical pharmacists were allowed access to prescription
claims data by Colorado Access. Changes to the patient's pharmacotherapy
regimen were made in concert with the patient's healthcare provider and
focused on: 1) medication reconciliation; 2) identification and resolution
of drug-therapy problems, including non-adherence; 3) cost-saving through
formulary management; and 4) patient-specific disease state and drug therapy
education. RESULTS: Cognitive services (CPT codes 99605, 99606) and facility
fees (99212, 99214) were remitted for payment. MTM services were reimbursed
at a flat rate based on the visit type. During 2010, the service was offered
to 68 members, 42 of whom met with a clinical pharmacist for at least one
MTM visit. CONCLUSIONS: Full access to the EMR and prescription claims data
allowed the pharmacists to provide high-level drug therapy recommendations.
Having established relationships with clinic providers likely contributed to
a high documented implementation rate for recommendations. For 2011, the
contract was renegotiated for tiered reimbursement, based on the time and
complexity of the visit, and was expanded to three additional clinics within
the University system.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
college
hospital
medication therapy management
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cost control
drug therapy
education
electronic medical record
health care personnel
health maintenance organization
human
insurance
medicare
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
profit
publication
reimbursement
school
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 466
TITLE
Pharmacovigilance
AUTHOR NAMES
Torvi J.R.
Hunashal R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Torvi J.R.; Hunashal R.) Department of Pharmacology, Karnataka Institute of
Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Torvi, Department of Pharmacology, Karnataka Institute of Medical
Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences (2011) 2:4 (95-103). Date
of Publication: October-December 2011
ISSN
0975-6299 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 103, Bhagwan Towers, 7th
Line, Muthyal Reddy Nagar,, Amaravathi Road, Guntur,, India.
ABSTRACT
Introduction India has more than half a million qualified doctors and 15,000
hospitals having bed strength of 6,24,000. Many new drugs are being
introduced in our country. The development of a better system of reporting
ADRs has been recommended as a top priority action to prevent ADRs and ADEs.
According to WHO Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to
the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects
and any other drug related problem. Nature of Work The ADR monitoring centre
will prepare a plan and educate the pharmacovigilance staff with regard to
data collection and verification, interpreting and coding of adverse
reaction description, coding of drugs, case causality assessment, signal
detection and risk management.The pharmacovigilance centre will conduct the
seminars and workshops to educate and train all the healthcare
professionals, who are the source of information in pharmacovigilance,
Conclusion Greater integration of pharmacovigilance into clinical practice
is still needed. Hence, active participation of all the healthcare
professionals is very important to make pharmacovigilance, a successful
national programme.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse outcome
clinical practice
cost benefit analysis
cost effectiveness analysis
disease severity
drug efficacy
drug monitoring
drug safety
education program
health care policy
human
India
medical education
review
risk assessment
risk benefit analysis
signal detection
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012020378
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 467
TITLE
Pharmacoepidemiological studies of prescribing practices of health care
providers of Pakistan: A cross sectional survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Hussain S.
Malik F.
Hameed A.
Parveen G.
Raja F.Y.
Riaz H.
Shafaat S.
Wajid A.
Channa R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hussain S., shshaikh2001@yahoo.com; Malik F.; Parveen G.; Raja F.Y.;
Shafaat S.; Wajid A.; Channa R.A.) National Institute of Health,
Islamabad-45500, Pakistan.
(Hameed A.) Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University,
Islamabad-45500, Pakistan.
(Riaz H.) School of Pharmacy, Sargodha University, Sargodha, Pakistan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Hussain, National Institute of Health, Islamabad-45500, Pakistan. Email:
shshaikh2001@yahoo.com
SOURCE
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (2011) 5:12 (1484-1493). Date
of Publication: 29 Sep 2011
ISSN
1996-0816 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Journals, P.O. Box 5170-00200, Nairobi,Victoria Island, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Half of all medicines are prescribed or sold inappropriately and half of all
patients fail to take their medicines correctly worldwide. The present study
was conducted to evaluate the pattern and practice of drugs within the
modern medical system by investigating the prescription pattern, drug use in
private and public health care facilities, assessment of the magnitude of
the problem, identifying factors responsible for the problem, suggesting
measures in Pakistan. There were marked differences between the qualities of
consultation indicators between general practitioners (GPs) and public
health care providers. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.92
for all types of health care providers, mean number of drugs dispensed was
2.41 and 50% of the dispensed drugs were adequately labeled. Five categories
of drugs comprised around 70% of all drugs prescribed. Injections prescribed
per prescription were 0.32, infusions 0.07, capsules/tablets 1.85,
syrups/suspensions 0.8. Number of drugs prescribed by GP's was 4.3 and was
2.9 (P = 0.001) for public health care providers and antibiotics prescribed
per prescription were 0.9 and 0.8 (P = 0.176) for the GP's and public health
care providers. The availability of drugs at public health care facilities
influenced prescription in 88% of cases as compared to 57% (P = 0.001) at
GPs clinics. Prescribing and dispensing practices are irrational both in
public and private sector in Pakistan like many developing countries.
Workable and appropriate interventions need to be developed and implemented
in countries to improve trends of prescribing. The essential drug list and
standard treatment guidelines should be disbursed to all medical, dental and
pharmacy students. © 2011 Academic Journals.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care practice
pharmacoepidemiology
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical indicator
consultation
controlled study
cross-sectional study
drug control
drug misuse
drug use
female
general practitioner
health care availability
health care facility
health care personnel
human
information dissemination
major clinical study
male
Pakistan
patient referral
physician attitude
public health service
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011586845
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 468
TITLE
Implementing an interdisciplinary pain management center for patients with
chronic pain
AUTHOR NAMES
Poffenberger N.
Weickum R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Poffenberger N.; Weickum R., ricke.weickum@us.army.mil) Madigan Army
Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Poffenberger, Madigan Army Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2011) 51:5 (647). Date of
Publication: September-October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Joint Forces Pharmacy Seminar, JFPS 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dallas, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-30 to 2011-11-03
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Describe the development of an interdisciplinary pain management
center designed to improve care of patients with chronic pain. Discuss the
role of clinical pharmacists supporting this center. Methods: Managing
patients with acute and chronic pain is a medical and political imperative.
The 2010 Army Surgeon General's Comprehensive Pain Management Campaign Plan
provided guidelines, tools, and initiatives for military treatment
facilities (MTFs) to implement improvements in the management of acute and
chronic pain. At this medical center, we created the Interdisciplinary Pain
Management Center (IMPC), a referral center comprising providers from
multiple disciplines dedicated to the care of patients with chronic pain.
Assigned providers included physicians with expertise in pain management,
health psychologists, a physiatrist, physical and occupational therapists,
acupuncturists, nurse clinicians, a case manager, a pain educator, an
addiction specialist, and clinical pharmacists. Patients receive a
comprehensive pain assessment that includes a health history, physical and
psychological evaluation, medication history review/reconciliation, and risk
assessment for potential comorbid conditions and substance abuse risk
factors. Patients are enrolled in opioid treatment and sole prescriber
agreements. Multimodal therapy, including alternative medicine and
self-management education, is offered at the center. Clinical pharmacists
are involved in all aspects of care, including pharmacotherapy planning,
risk assessment, medication reconciliation, adherence monitoring, dose
tapering/withdrawal, drug screening, and medication education. This poster
describes the pharmacists' roles and responsibilities.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
chronic pain
human
patient
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
alternative medicine
army
case manager
drug screening
drug therapy
education
health
medical specialist
medication therapy management
monitoring
nurse
occupational therapist
pain
pain assessment
pharmacist
physical medicine
physician
planning
psychologic assessment
psychologist
responsibility
risk assessment
risk factor
self care
substance abuse
surgeon
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2011.11542
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 469
TITLE
Effect of Salvia officinalis hydroalcoholic extract on vincristine-induced
neuropathy in mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Abad A.N.A.
Nouri M.H.K.
Tavakkoli F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Abad A.N.A., ali.namvaran@gmail.com; Tavakkoli F.) Young Researchers Club,
Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
(Nouri M.H.K.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.N.A. Abad, Young Researchers Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Tabriz, Iran. Email: ali.namvaran@gmail.com
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (2011) 9:5 (354-358). Date of
Publication: September 2011
ISSN
1875-5364
1875-5364 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, Editorial Board, 24 Tong-jia Xiang,
Nanjing, China.
ABSTRACT
Aim: Vincristine is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs to
treat a variety of malignant diseases, including leukemia and lymphoma.
Studies have shown that vincristine cause painful effects, whereas Salvia
officinalis (SO) showed analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of
this study is to investigate the effects of the SO hydro-alcoholic extract
on vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice in comparison with
morphine. Methods: Experiments were performed on 60 NMRI male mice weighing
25-30 g divided into six groups. The individual groups received normal
saline, SO hydro-alcoholic extract, vincristine, SO hydro-alcoholic extract
and vincristine (12 days before formalin test), morphine, and vincristine
and morphine, respectively. The injected hind paw biting and licking was
measured in a 5-minute interval for one hour. Results: The results showed
that formalin induce significant (P < 0.05) pain responses (the first phase:
0-5 min and the second phase: 15-40 min after injection). Administration of
SO extract before formalin test showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease of
pain response in the second phase. Administration of vincristine caused
significant (P < 0.05) increase in the second phase of pain response.
Injections of SO extract and vincristine showed that SO significantly (P <
0.05) decrease the second phase of vincristine-induced pain. Morphine
decreased vincristine-induced pain in the first and second phase of formalin
test significantly (P < 0.05). In comparison, morphine showed analgesic
effects in the first phase and SO extract showed significant (P < 0.05)
anti-inflammatory effects in the second phase of formalin test. Conclusion:
Both SO and vincristine showed analgesic and painful neuropathic effects,
suggesting that SO extract could be useful in the treatment of
vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathic pain. © 2011 China Pharmaceutical
University.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Salvia officinalis extract (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol (drug therapy)
formaldehyde
morphine (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy, intraperitoneal
drug administration)
sodium chloride
vincristine
vincristine sulfate (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug
administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
neuropathic pain (drug therapy, drug therapy)
peripheral neuropathy (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesic activity
animal experiment
animal model
antiinflammatory activity
article
bite
body weight
controlled study
drug effect
licking
male
mouse
nonhuman
pain
Salvia officinalis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
formaldehyde (50-00-0)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
vincristine (57-22-7)
vincristine sulfate (2068-78-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011541029
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1009.2011.00354
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 470
TITLE
Pioneering approach to supporting national medication take-back programs at
the military treatment facility
AUTHOR NAMES
White S.
Fletcher K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(White S., shaun.white.2@us.af.mil) Lackland Air Force Base, United States.
(Fletcher K.) Brooke Army Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. White, Lackland Air Force Base, United States. Email:
shaun.white.2@us.af.mil
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2011) 51:5 (658-659). Date
of Publication: September-October 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Joint Forces Pharmacy Seminar, JFPS 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dallas, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-10-30 to 2011-11-03
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To serve as a benchmark in supplementing medication take-back
programs in the military treatment facility (MTF) and provide baseline
information for comparison with future programs that encourage the judicious
use and proper disposal of medications while discouraging diversion.
Methods: Clinical pharmacy representatives partnered with the Drug
Enforcement Administration (DEA), local law enforcement, and the Army
Substance Abuse Program (ASAP) to support the collection of unused
medications. The clinical pharmacy representative functioned to advise,
educate, and promote awareness of safety benefits involved with the proper
disposal of excess medications. Accepting, handling, and disposing of
medications was overseen by DEA, local law enforcement, and ASAP. The MTF
provided two medication drop-off points where beneficiaries could
anonymously turn in prescription medicines. Law enforcement, ASAP, and
clinical pharmacy representatives were available at each site for a total of
8 hours. Sites accepted solid oral dosage formulations but could not accept
injectables. Results: Screening revealed that many patients are confused
about how to approach disposal of drugs and, as a result, hold on to
undesired medications. Disposal centers are apparently lacking in many
communities. The program allowed for counseling to increase awareness in 35
people who turned in medications. Approximately 450 unneeded prescriptions
were dropped off, weighing more than 120 pounds. This effort translated into
safer homes and communities, in addition to betterinformed military and
civilian populations. Conclusion: There is a demand for information and
resources to orchestrate the proper disposal of unwanted medications;
however, this demand is unmet in many communities. Providing support for
drug take-back programs can serve as a resource to provide proper disposal
of medications and to demystify what patients can do with unneeded
medications to promote safety.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
army
drug therapy
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical pharmacy
community
counseling
government
human
law enforcement
patient
population
prescription
safety
screening
solid
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2011.11542
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 471
TITLE
The performance of loghman-hakim drug and poison information center from
2006 to 2008
AUTHOR NAMES
Shadnia S.
Soltaninejad K.
Sohrabi F.
Rezvani M.
Barari B.
Abdollahi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shadnia S.; Sohrabi F.; Rezvani M.; Barari B.; Abdollahi M.,
mohammad@tums.ac.ir) Loghman-Hakim Hospital Poison Center, Faculty of
Medicine and Toxicological Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Soltaninejad K.) Department of Forensic Toxicology, Legal Medicine Research
Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran.
(Shadnia S.; Soltaninejad K.; Sohrabi F.; Rezvani M.; Barari B.)
Loghman-Hakim Drug and Poison Information Center, Shahid Beheshti University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Abdollahi M., mohammad@tums.ac.ir) Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical
Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Abdollahi, Loghman-Hakim Hospital Poison Center, Faculty of Medicine and
Toxicological Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Email: mohammad@tums.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:3 (647-652). Date of
Publication: September 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Drug and poison information centers have a critical role in fulfillment of
rational drug use programs. The Loghman-Hakim Drug and Poison Information
Center (LHDPIC) has been established in 2006. The main mission of this
center is to provide accurate, unbiased and upto- date information on
medications and poisons for the health care team and the public. This center
has received more than 9000 telephone calls since its establishment. The aim
of this study was to evaluate the recorded queries in the LHDPIC in the past
3 years. A descriptive analysis was conducted on all recorded inquiries to
the center from March 2006 to March 2008. Data such as patient age and sex,
identity of the callers, question categories and information resources were
obtained from the recorded calls and were analyzed. During the period of
evaluation, a total of 9694 telephone calls were recorded. The patients' age
ranged between 18-40 years old (49.42%) containing 61% female and 39% male.
Most of the recorded calls were from patients' relatives (49%) and then the
patients (45.2%) themselves. The most frequent questions were about drug
indications (24%), adverse drug reactions (20.14%) and drug evaluation
(17.64%). Antidepressants (12.42%), antimicrobials (12%) and analgesics
(11.17%) were the most frequent drug classes that were inquired. The LHDPIC
has an important role for providing of drug information for the lay public,
but more efforts are still needed to encourage health care professionals to
utilize services provided by this center. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
agents acting on the eye
analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
anesthetic agent
antiangina pectoris agent
antiarrhythmic agent
anticonvulsive agent
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
antidiabetic agent
antidote
antigout agent
antihypertensive agent
antiinfective agent (adverse drug reaction, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
antilipemic agent
antiparkinson agent
antirheumatic agent
aphrodisiac agent
cosmetic
dermatological agent
diagnostic agent
digitalis
gastrointestinal agent
herbaceous agent
immunologic agent
mineral
neuroleptic agent
plasma substitute
sedative agent
unindexed drug
vaccine
vitamin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug information
information center
performance
poison center
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alternative medicine
article
data analysis
demography
descriptive research
doctor patient relation
drug abuse
drug classification
drug contraindication
drug incompatibility
drug indication
drug screening
drug stability
drug storage
female
general practitioner
health care personnel
human
lactation
major clinical study
male
medical record
medical specialist
medical staff
pharmacist
pregnancy
teleconsultation
total parenteral nutrition
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
digitalis (8031-42-3, 8053-83-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012085286
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 472
TITLE
Effects of hydroalcoholic extract from salvia verticillata on
pharmacological models of seizure, anxiety and depression in mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Naderi N.
Akhavan N.
Ahari F.A.
Zamani N.
Kamalinejad M.
Shokrzadeh M.
Ahangar N.
Motamedi F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Naderi N., naderi@sbmu.ac.ir; Motamedi F.) Neuroscience Research Center,
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Akhavan N.; Shokrzadeh M.; Ahangar N.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran
University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
(Ahari F.A.; Zamani N.) Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Naderi N., naderi@sbmu.ac.ir; Kamalinejad M.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Naderi, Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Email: naderi@sbmu.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:3 (535-545). Date of
Publication: September 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Salvia verticillata is one of the salvia species which possesses remarkable
antioxidant activity. In the present study, we investigated the possible
effects of hydro-alcoholic extract from Salvia verticillata plant (SVE) in
various models of anxiety, depression and seizure in mice. Mice were
randomly divided into control (saline), SVE-treated and standard treatment
groups. The SVE-treated groups received oral administration of various doses
of SVE. As a standard treatment, diazepam and imipramine were used orally
for anxiety/seizure and depression tests, respectively. The results of the
study revealed that the plant extract produced significant anticonvulsant
activity in maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazol induced seizure
models. Moreover, in forced swim test and tail suspension test of
depression, SVE produced significant antidepressant effect in mice compared
to control group. However, SVE did not show any effects on anxiety-like
behavior of mice in elevated plus maze and light-dark tests. These results
suggest potential therapeutic effects of the plant extract in seizure and
depression. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
plant extract (oral drug administration, pharmacology)
Salvia verticillata extract (drug comparison, oral drug administration,
pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diazepam (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
imipramine (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
pentetrazole
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety disorder (drug therapy, drug therapy)
depression (drug therapy, drug therapy)
medicinal plant
Salvia verticillata
seizure (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
anticonvulsant activity
antidepressant activity
article
controlled study
electric shock
forced swim test
locomotion
maze test
mouse
nonhuman
open field test
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diazepam (439-14-5)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
pentetrazole (54-95-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Epilepsy Abstracts (50)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012085272
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 473
TITLE
Smoking habit: Prevalence, attitudes and behaviour among medical students in
Casablanca in 2010
AUTHOR NAMES
Zaghba N.
Yassine N.
Hayat L.
Serheir Z.
Elfadi K.
Rahibi I.
Hilali S.
Ech-Cherrat A.
Mounaji F.
Bakhatar A.
Bahlaoui A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zaghba N.; Yassine N.; Hayat L.; Serheir Z.; Elfadi K.; Rahibi I.; Hilali
S.; Ech-Cherrat A.; Mounaji F.; Bakhatar A.; Bahlaoui A.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Zaghba,
SOURCE
European Respiratory Journal (2011) 38 SUPPL. 55. Date of Publication: 1 Sep
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Amsterdam, Netherlands
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-24 to 2011-09-28
ISSN
0903-1936
BOOK PUBLISHER
European Respiratory Society
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of smoking in medical
students, and by the way to sensitize against the habit and to know their
attitudes and behaviour in their future exercise. We carried out a
cross-sectional survey from February to March 2010 among 736 medical
students enrolled in the university of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca
during the academic year 2009-2010. Ninety seven percent of students
answered the questionnaire: 61.5% were female 61.5%), mean age 21 years. The
prevalence of permanent or occasional smoking was 8% with little variation
according to the study year. Smoking was significantly higher among male
(16% versus 2.7% in female). The mean daily consumption of cigarettes was 8.
The duration of smoking was 6 months or more for 82% and 70% of smokers were
slightly or not addicted to nicotine according to the FAGERSTRÖM's scale.
More than half of the students (58%) had already tried to quit and 52% plan
to do so within 5 years. The main triggering reason for quitting was the
occurrence of symptoms (66%). Most students knew that smoking is harmful to
health (92%). Among tobacco risks the respiratory ones were the best known.
Only 39% of the students contemplate to systematically warn their smoking
patients against tobacco's risks. Majority of them (71%) were not aware
about the existence of an antitobacco law. But they called for a ban on
selling tobacco to children as well as training health workers to help
smoking patients to quit. In comparison with some years ago, there is a
significant decrease in smoking habit in medical students, may be thanks to
a steady and continuing educational effort since the induction of a teaching
program in 1983.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
European
human
medical student
prevalence
smoking habit
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
child
exercise
female
habit
health
health care personnel
male
patient
pharmacy
questionnaire
risk
smoking
student
teaching
tobacco
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 474
TITLE
Place aversion by morphine in offspring born of female morphine administered
wistar rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Karami M.
Zarrindast M.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Karami M., karami@shahed.ac.ir) Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic
Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
(Karami M., karami@shahed.ac.ir) Basic Sciences Research Center, Shahed
University, Tehran, Iran.
(Zarrindast M.R.) Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Karami, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed
University, Tehran, Iran. Email: karami@shahed.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:3 (577-584). Date of
Publication: September 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
This research was designed to study sexual differences in place conditioning
induced by morphine in offspring born of female Wistar rats mated with
drug-naïve males. Mothers were exposed to morphine during the 14(th)-16(th)
days of gestational. Control dams were simply saline-injected. Female and
male virgin offspring born of morphine-treated or saline-treated mothers
were separately housed until become fully matured. A 3-day schedule of an
unbiased conditioning procedure was used to the induce conditioning to
morphine (2.5-7.5 mg/Kg, SC) in the offspring. According to the results,
female offspring born of saline-administered mothers were morphine
place-conditioned at lower doses of opioid (2.5 mg/Kg) in comparison to the
males. An increase in locomotor activity in the females at 7.5 mg/Kg of
opioid was also revealed. In contrast, administration of morphine (2.5-7.5
mg/Kg, SC), induced a significant aversion in either sexes of offspring born
of morphine-exposed mothers. Moreover, female offspring of this category
acquired more pronounced aversion at higher doses of morphine than males. In
addition, a significant morphine-dose effect (7.5 mg/Kg, SC) on locomotor
activity of these females' offspring was observed. This study may highlight
sex differences in conditioning effects induced by morphine between
offspring derived of morphine-treated mothers and those of saline-treated. ©
2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aversion therapy
opiate addiction
prenatal exposure
sex difference
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
article
behavior therapy
body weight
conditioning
controlled study
female
gestational age
locomotion
male
maternal behavior
nonhuman
rat
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Obstetrics and Gynecology (10)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012085277
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 475
TITLE
Biphasic effects of naloxone in the rats receiving morphine overdose a place
preference study
AUTHOR NAMES
Karimi S.
Karami M.
Zardooz H.
Salimi S.H.
Sahraei H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Karimi S.; Karami M.) Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahed
University, Tehran, Iran.
(Zardooz H.) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Salimi S.H.) Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah
(A.S.), University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Sahraei H., h.sahrei@bmsu.ac.ir) Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Sahraei, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahed University,
Tehran, Iran. Email: h.sahrei@bmsu.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:3 (605-610). Date of
Publication: September 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Downward phase of dose-response morphine converted U shape curve was chosen
as a base for investigating the effects of different doses of naloxone
(0.05-0.4 mg/Kg) on morphine reward/aversion properties using place
preference method. First, male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were received
morphine (1-7.5 mg/Kg) for place conditioning and marginal dose of morphine
(5 mg/Kg) calculated by GraphPad software. In the next part, the animals
received different naloxone challenge doses (0.05-0.4 mg/Kg; IP) on the test
day. Animals' behavior was monitored using a video camera during the test
session. Time spent in each compartment was calculated as the main sign of
drug seeking behavior. In addition, numbers of rearing and sniffing as well
as locomotion activity for each animal were counted as important
dopamine-dependent behavioral signs. More over, the total compartment
crossing by each animal as the sign of decision making was also counted. Our
results indicated that naloxone showed biphasic effects on the appearance of
morphine-induced place preference. The antagonist potentiates the expression
of morphine-induced place preference on the dose of 0.05 and 0.4 mg/Kg while
inhibits the morphine effect on the dose of 0.1 mg/Kg. On the other hand,
the total animal sniffing, rearing, locomotion, and compartment entering
were not significantly changed among the groups. It could be concluded that
the inhibition of opioid receptors may enhance or inhibit the expression of
morphine reward according to the naloxone dose, which in turn indicate the
influence of several opioid receptor in this regard. In addition, opioid
receptor blocking did not enhance the signs of drug seeking behavior linked
to the activity of mesolimbic dopamine system. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine
naloxone (pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
place preference
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal behavior
animal experiment
article
aversive behavior
conditioning
controlled study
drug seeking behavior
locomotion
male
nonhuman
provocation test
rat
rearing
reward
sniffing
television camera
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Sigma
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2012085280
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 476
TITLE
Integration of pharmacy students within a level II trauma center.
AUTHOR NAMES
Petrie J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Petrie J.L.) School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, 82071,
USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Petrie, School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, 82071, USA.
Email: jpetrie@uwyo.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:6 (121). Date of
Publication: 10 Aug 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To integrate fourth-year doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) students within a level
II trauma center team to improve their patient care and professional
communication skills. PharmD students completed 2 consecutive 4-week
internal medicine APPEs during the course of their fourth year, which
included approximately 5 weeks working on an interprofessional trauma team.
During patient rounds with the interprofessional trauma team, students
provided patient care in a stepwise approach, drug information responses,
patient counseling, and other services requested by team members.
Ability-based outcomes (ABOs) assessment, faculty evaluations, and student
self-assessment were conducted in the following areas: effective
communication, drug therapy assessment and decision making, critical
thinking and problem solving, and drug information retrieval. Students' mean
score in these areas was 3.8 on a 5-point scale. Areas in which students
needed improvement included: providing recommendations in a timely manner,
self-confidence, identifying opportunity to verbally communicate with other
team members, and addressing insecurities when answering drug information
questions posed by the team. Integrating fourth-year PharmD students within
a trauma and acute surgery team and use of ABO assessment allowed for
identification of areas of the curriculum in which improvements were needed,
resulting in a more targeted approach earlier in the curriculum to improve
students' abilities to provide appropriate and effective patient care in an
interprofessional setting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical competence
curriculum
education
injury (drug therapy)
pharmacy student
problem based learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
counseling
drug information
emergency health service
human
interpersonal communication
methodology
patient care
self evaluation
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21931459 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21931459)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 477
TITLE
Clinical Pharmacist at a geriatric ward
AUTHOR NAMES
Storm A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Storm A., ann.storm@unn.no) Hospital Pharmacy of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Storm, Hospital Pharmacy of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. Email:
ann.storm@unn.no
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:4 (704). Date of
Publication: August 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
ESCP International Workshop on Geriatrics, 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Utrecht, Netherlands
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-05 to 2011-05-06
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective The Hospital Pharmacy of Tromsø wants to expand the
use of clinical pharmacists at the University Hospital of North Norway
(UNN). A clinical pharmacist (hereafter pharmacist) worked at the geriatric
ward for a 6 months study period. The geriatric ward was chosen because
polypharmacy combined with altered pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and
physiology of the elderly increase the risk of drug-related problems (DRP).
Aim of the study: Identify the need for a pharmacist at the geriatric ward
Determine the future tasks of the pharmacist Design A pharmacist formed part
of the interdisciplinary team at the geriatric ward in a 20% position during
the period 1.3.2010 to 31.8.2010. The pharmacist performed medication review
for admitted patients once a week. Identified DRPs were classified in
accordance with the Norwegian DRP classification system (1). The DRPs were
discussed with nurses and physicians in patient discussion meetings once a
week. The pharmacist also supported the quality assurance on system level in
terms of literature review on drug-related questions and lectures related to
medication use at the physicians' morning meetings. The project was
evaluated by nurses and physicians in a questionnaire at the end of the
study period. Setting University Hospital of North Norway (UNN). Main
Outcome Measures Drug related problems: Characteristics, frequency and
response to pharmacist advice AND Physicians' and nurses' experience on
pharmacist participation in the multidisciplinary team. Results Among 90
patients, 184 DRPs were identified in 68 patients (76%), i.e. on average 2
(SD 1.8) DRP per patient. The pharmacist advice was taken into account for a
total of 141 (77%) DRPs. For 32 (17%), advices were taken notice of and 11
(6%) were not agreed upon. The three most frequent DRPs were 'drug
selection' (n = 40), 'dosage' (n = 39) and need or lack of monitoring (n =
38). Two physicians (100%) and four nurses (100%) answered the questionnaire
and reported that they had benefited from the clinical pharmacist. They also
believed that the pharmacist could contribute to quality assurance, both on
a patient and a system level. Conclusions A pharmacist participating in the
multidisciplinary team uncovered and prevented DRPs at the geriatric ward.
In addition, advices on pharmaceutical topics were provided. Physicians as
well as nurses recognized the benefits of a pharmacist and were positive to
include the pharmacist in the multidisciplinary team. After the project
period, the pharmacist has been employed by the hospital in a 20% position
at the geriatric ward. The following tasks for the pharmacist are defined
as: - Medication review and participation in weekly meetings with the
multidisciplinary team - Availability during normal working hours by phone,
mail and Paging - Pharmaceutical professional posts at morning meetings once
a Month In addition, the gastric and kidney disease ward requested a 30%
clinical pharmacist position.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
geriatrics
hospital pharmacy
pharmacist
ward
workshop
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
classification
drug therapy
hospital
hospital patient
human
kidney disease
monitoring
Norway
nurse
patient
pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics
physician
physiology
polypharmacy
quality control
questionnaire
risk
university hospital
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9528-8
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 478
TITLE
Role of a psychiatric pharmacist in a Los Angeles "Skid-Row" safety-net
clinic.
AUTHOR NAMES
Wang I.
Dopheide J.A.
Gregerson P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wang I.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Economics and
Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA.
(Dopheide J.A.; Gregerson P.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. Wang, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Economics and
Policy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA.
SOURCE
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
(2011) 88:4 (718-723). Date of Publication: Aug 2011
ISSN
1468-2869 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Limited access to a psychiatrist prompted a collaborative practice agreement
between a psychiatric pharmacist, a psychiatric pharmacy resident, and
primary care physicians at the Center for Community Health, a safety-net
clinic providing comprehensive care to the homeless in Skid Row, Los
Angeles, CA, USA. From July 2009 to February 2010, 36 (75%) of the 48
patients referred to the psychiatric pharmacy resident met the criteria for
the chart review. Twenty-six (54%) were seen for regular follow-up care over
7 months. Most referrals were for depression, bipolar disorder, and
posttraumatic stress disorder. The types of drug therapy problems,
pharmacist interventions, and clinical mental health outcomes are discussed.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
homelessness
mental health service
outpatient department
patient care
pharmacist
professional standard
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
female
health care delivery
health disparity
health service
human
male
mental disease (drug therapy)
mental health
middle aged
nonparametric test
organization and management
patient referral
psychological aspect
psychometry
questionnaire
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21512832 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21512832)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 479
TITLE
Prenatal exposure to ethanol: Toxicity, biomarkers and detection methods
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Exposição pré-natal ao etanol: Toxicidade, biomarcadores e métodos de
detecção
AUTHOR NAMES
Cassini C.
Linden R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cassini C.) Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo
Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
(Linden R., rafael.linden@feevale.br) Instituto de Ciências da Saúde,
Universidade Feevale, Rodovia RS 239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Linden, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia RS
239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. Email: rafael.linden@feevale.br
SOURCE
Revista de Psiquiatria Clinica (2011) 38:3 (116-121). Date of Publication:
2011
ISSN
0101-6083
1806-938X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lemos Editorial e Graficos Ltda, Rua Rui Barbosa 70, Bela Vista, Sao Paulo
SP, Brazil.
ABSTRACT
Background: Prenatal exposure to ethanol can produce a complex set of
effects on fetal development, which is denominated fetal alcohol spectrum
disorder (FASD). Early detection of ethanol exposure can allow the
prevention of some relevant adverse effects associated to FASD. Objectives:
The aim of this work was to review the main toxic effects of ethanol on the
neonate and the available biomarkers of prenatal alcohol exposure. Methods:
A bibliographic search was performed in PubMed employing the terms "effects
maternal ethanol exposure" and "biomarkers ethanol prenatal exposure" and
cross references. Results: Many adverse effects on fetal development were
described, especially deficits in the central nervous system. The biomarkers
of ethanol exposure more widely described were fatty acid ethyl esters
(FAEEs), ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulphate (EtS), being meconium
and hair the most common biological matrices for laboratorial evaluation.
Discussion: The early detection of alcohol exposure in intra-uterine life is
useful to prevent the secondary effects of FASD through pharmacologic and
educational intervention in affected children.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
biological marker (endogenous compound)
ethyl glucuronide
ethyl sulfate
fatty acid ester
sulfate
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol intoxication (diagnosis)
prenatal exposure
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system disease
early diagnosis
fetus development
hair
human
laboratory test
meconium
newborn
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
ethyl glucuronide (17685-04-0)
ethyl sulfate (540-82-9)
sulfate (14808-79-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Developmental Biology and Teratology (21)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Portuguese
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011387180
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832011000300006
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 480
TITLE
The initial pharmaceutical development of an artesunate/amodiaquine oral
formulation for the treatment of malaria: A public-private partnership
AUTHOR NAMES
Lacaze C.
Kauss T.
Kiechel J.-R.
Caminiti A.
Fawaz F.
Terrassin L.
Cuart S.
Grislain L.
Navaratnam V.
Ghezzoul B.
Gaudin K.
White N.J.
Olliaro P.L.
Millet P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lacaze C., catherine.lacaze@club-internet.fr; Terrassin L.,
lterrassin@substipharm.com; Cuart S., cuart@bertin.fr; Grislain L.,
grislain@bertin.fr) Ellipse Pharmaceuticals, Pessac, France.
(Kauss T., tina.kauss@u-bordeaux2.fr; Fawaz F., fawaz.fawaz@usj.edu.lb;
Gaudin K., karen.gaudin@u-bordeaux2.fr; Millet P.,
pascal.millet@u-bordeaux2.fr) EA Pharmaceutical and Analytical Development
Applied to Neglected Diseases and Counterfeit Drugs, University Bordeaux
Segalen, Bordeaux, France.
(Kiechel J.-R., jean-rene.kiechel@wanadoo.fr) Drugs for Neglected Diseases
Initiative (DNDi), Geneva, Switzerland.
(Caminiti A., antonella.caminiti@u-bordeaux2.fr; Millet P.,
pascal.millet@u-bordeaux2.fr) Tropival, University Bordeaux Segalen,
Bordeaux, France.
(Navaratnam V., nava@usm.my) Centre for Drug Research, University Sains
Malaysia, Malaysia.
(Ghezzoul B., bellabes.ghezzoul@chu-bordeaux.fr) Pharmacie, CHU Pellegrin,
Bordeaux, France.
(White N.J., nickwdt@tropmedres.ac; Olliaro P.L., olliarop@who.int) Nuffield
Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford,
United Kingdom.
(Olliaro P.L., olliarop@who.int) UNICEF/UNDP/WB/WHO Special Program for
Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Geneva, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Lacaze, Ellipse Pharmaceuticals, Pessac, France. Email:
catherine.lacaze@club-internet.fr
SOURCE
Malaria Journal (2011) 10 Article Number: 142. Date of Publication: 2011
ISSN
1475-2875 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
BioMed Central Ltd., Floor 6, 236 Gray's Inn Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background: Artemisinin-based combination therapy is currently recommended
worldwide for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Fixed-dose
combinations are preferred as they favour compliance. This paper reports on
the initial phases of the pharmaceutical development of an
artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) bilayer co-formulation tablet, undertaken
following pre-formulation studies by a network of scientists and industrials
from institutions of both industrialized and low income countries. Methods.
Pharmaceutical development was performed by a research laboratory at the
University Bordeaux Segalen, School of Pharmacy, for feasibility and early
stability studies of various drug formulations, further transferred to a
company specialized in pharmaceutical development, and then provided to
another company for clinical batch manufacturing. The work was conducted by
a regional public-private not-for-profit network (TropiVal) within a larger
Public Private partnership (the FACT project), set up by WHO/TDR, Médecins
Sans Frontières and the Drugs for Neglected Disease initiative (DNDi).
Results: The main pharmaceutical goal was to combine in a solid oral form
two incompatible active principles while preventing artesunate degradation
under tropical conditions. Several options were attempted and failed to
provide satisfactory stability results: incorporating artesunate in the
external phase of the tablets, adding a pH regulator, alcoholic wet
granulation, dry granulation, addition of an hydrophobic agent, tablet
manufacturing in controlled conditions. However, long-term stability could
be achieved, in experimental batches under GMP conditions, by physical
separation of artesunate and amodiaquine in a bilayer co-formulation tablet
in alu-alu blisters. Conduction of the workplan was monitored by DNDi.
Conclusions: Collaborations between research and industrial groups greatly
accelerated the process of development of the bi-layered ASAQ tablet. Lack
of public funding was the main obstacle hampering the development process,
and no intellectual property right was claimed. This approach resulted in a
rapid technology transfer to the drug company Sanofi-Aventis, finalizing the
process of development, registration and WHO pre-qualification of the
fixed-dose co-formulation together with DNDi. The bi-layered tablet is made
available under the names of Coarsucam and Artesunate amodiaquine Winthrop,
Sanofi-Aventis. The issue related to the difficulty of public institutions
to valorise their participation in such initiative by lack of priority and
funding of applied research is discussed. © 2011 Lacaze et al; licensee
BioMed Central Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amodiaquine plus artesunate (drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aerosil 300
amodiaquine
artesunate
calcium carbonate (pharmaceutics)
coarsucam
croscarmellose sodium (pharmaceutics)
magnesium stearate (pharmaceutics)
microcrystalline cellulose (pharmaceutics)
povidone (pharmaceutics)
povidone k30
pvp k25
silicon dioxide (pharmaceutics)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug formulation
malaria (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug degradation
drug packaging
drug solubility
drug stability
feasibility study
good manufacturing practice
tablet friability
tablet hardness
tablet manufacture
technology
DRUG TRADE NAMES
acdisol
aerosil 300
arsumax Sanofi Aventis
coarsucam
flavoquine
pvp k25
pvp k30
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Sanofi Aventis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amodiaquine (69-44-3, 86-42-0)
artesunate (82864-68-4, 88495-63-0)
calcium carbonate (13397-26-7, 13701-58-1, 14791-73-2, 471-34-1)
croscarmellose sodium (74811-65-7)
magnesium stearate (557-04-0)
microcrystalline cellulose (39394-43-9, 51395-75-6)
povidone (9003-39-8)
silicon dioxide (10279-57-9, 14464-46-1, 14808-60-7, 15468-32-3, 60676-86-0,
7631-86-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011369722
MEDLINE PMID
21605361 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21605361)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-142
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 481
TITLE
Benefits of combined buprenorphine medication management and support group
AUTHOR NAMES
McNairy S.
Dols R.
Keple T.
Thuras P.
Westermeyer J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McNairy S.; Dols R.; Keple T.; Thuras P.; Westermeyer J.) VAMedical Center,
University of Minnesota, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. McNairy, VAMedical Center, University of Minnesota, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal on Addictions (2011) 20:4 (392). Date of Publication:
July-August 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
21st Annual Meeting and Symposium of the American Academy of Addiction
Psychiatry, AAAP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Boca Raton, FL, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-12-02 to 2010-12-05
ISSN
1055-0496
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Blackwell
ABSTRACT
Background: At theAAAPmeeting December 2004 lead author (SM) reported on the
novel use of a combined medication management and support group to address
the two core mandates ofCSAT for effectively using buprenorphine in OBOT,
namely provision of both (1) pharmacotherapy and (2) recovery-based
education and support services. Traditional abstinence-only community
support groups were found to be unreceptive to medication-assisted
therapies, which invalidated this newly emerging treatment approach. This is
the follow-up study of treatment outcomes over 6 years of continued
operations of the group model. Methods: This was a prospective study of 142
veterans with a primary diagnosis of opioid dependence treated with
buprenorphine/naloxone at the VA Minneapolis between January 2004 and
October 2010. On a self-select basis they were offered either a combined
medication management-peer support group or individualized medication
management services with referral to communitybased supports as usual. Group
medication/Cotherapy was provided by an LICSW and an RN with MD assistance.
Outcome measures were related to length of stay, relapses and remissions,
positive opioid and other drug urine screens, patient satisfaction, and
level of daily socialoccupational functioning. Two clinicians independently
rated the recovery success or lack thereof using the Modified DARP Outcome
Criteria. Results: The combination of group support and medication
management was found to be superior in outcomes to that of persons
preferring individualmed management and referral to traditional
community-based supports. Patients who had been regarded as group therapy
resistant displayed a high degree of affiliation, personal pride, and
ownership in the group processwhen stabilized on buprenorphine. The early
dropout rate in the first month of stabilization was substantially less
among the group treatment participants than individual treatment
participants consistent with the expected positive aspects of peer support
and engagement during the most difficult transition from active opioid use
and withdrawal. The presence of chronic pain problems did not deter
successful outcomes when compared to participants without pain when using
partial-agonist therapy to treat opioid dependence. Positive group
participation experiences were most indentified by graduates group in the
continued success with individual office-based med management. Conclusions:
Based upon these findings over the past 6 years, the combined group
treatment format continues to be the coremethod of initiation andmaintaining
buprenorphine therapy for mild to moderate opioid dependence at this VA. It
has displaced the traditional methadone maintenance program which has since
been reserved for the most severely addicted, treatment refractory and/or
who were unsuccessful using buprenorphine to cease opioid use first.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
partial agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
drug therapy
psychiatry
support group
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
chronic pain
community
diagnosis
education
follow up
graduate
group therapy
human
length of stay
methadone treatment
model
organization and management
pain
patient
patient satisfaction
peer group
prospective study
relapse
remission
therapy
treatment outcome
urine
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2011.00147.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 482
TITLE
Prevalence of hazardous alcohol use among pharmacy students at nine U.S.
schools of pharmacy
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Prevalencia del uso peligroso de alcohol entre estudiantes de farmacia en
nueve facultades de farmacia en los estados unidos
AUTHOR NAMES
English C.
Rey J.A.
Schlesselman L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(English C.) Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Colchester, VT,
United States.
(Rey J.A.) College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL,
United States.
(Schlesselman L.S.) Office of Assessment and Accreditation, School of
Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. English, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Colchester, VT,
United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Practice (2011) 9:3 (162-168). Date of Publication: July-September
2011
ISSN
1886-3655 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Grupo de Investigacion en Atencion Farmaceutica, Campus de la Cartuja,
Granada, Spain.
ABSTRACT
Hazardous use of alcohol continues to be recognized as a problem at the
university level. Knowledge regarding alcohol consumption in healthcare
professional students is limited, especially in regards to pharmacy
students. Much of the information available focuses on pharmacy student
drinking patterns in specific geographic regions or is simply outdated.
Objectives: This study was designed to assess levels of alcohol consumption
and estimate the level of hazardous drinking among pharmacy students in a
larger sample size that is representative of US pharmacy schools. Methods:
An anonymous survey regarding alcohol usage was offered to students at nine
schools of pharmacy across the United States. The survey consisted of
demographic questions, the World Health Organization Alcohol Use Disorders
Identification Test (AUDIT), and questions that assess particular
alcohol-induced behaviors. Results: More than 25% of 1161 respondents had a
total AUDIT score ≥ 8, which indicates a risk of alcohol-related problems.
Students that were male, in their first or second professional year of
school, not married, and without children were statistically more likely to
have AUDIT scores in the hazardous drinking range. Grade point average and
student housing did not statistically affect student's AUDIT scores.
Conclusion: These results indicate that over onefourth of pharmacy students
surveyed have indicators of harmful alcohol use. Pharmacy schools should
continue to address and confront hazardous alcohol use on campuses in order
to curtail heavy alcohol consumption and reduce the risk of alcoholrelated
problems in pharmacy students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
controlled study
demography
drinking behavior
female
hazard
health survey
human
major clinical study
male
medical school
prevalence
questionnaire
risk assessment
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011521772
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 483
TITLE
Implications of current clinical trials focused on medication overuse and
therapeutic prophylaxis
AUTHOR NAMES
Aurora S.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Aurora S.K., sheena.aurora@swedish.org) Swedish Neuroscience Institute,
Swedish Headache Center, 1101 Madison, Seattle, WA 98104, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.K. Aurora, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Headache Center, 1101
Madison, Seattle, WA 98104, United States. Email: sheena.aurora@swedish.org
SOURCE
Headache (2011) 51:SUPPL. 2 (93-100). Date of Publication: July-August 2011
ISSN
0017-8748
1526-4610 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
Chronic migraine (CM) is a complex disorder requiring a multifaceted
management approach encompassing lifestyle modification, trigger avoidance,
behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, patient education and support,
management of expectations, and close follow-up. The lack of
pharmacotherapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
hinders CM prophylaxis and management. Topiramate, gabapentin, tizanidine,
fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and onabotulinumtoxinA have been evaluated for
prophylactic treatment of CM in randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
or active comparator-controlled trials. Additional well-designed,
placebo-controlled studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of new and
existing treatment options for CM. Understanding current clinical trial
design and management guidelines is critical to designing future trials that
overcome the challenge of consistent use of sensitive and clinically
meaningful outcome measures. Topiramate is approved for episodic migraine
management and has been studied for CM management. A growing body of
evidence has shown it to be safe, effective, and well-tolerated in specific
patient populations. However, intolerable adverse effects and inadequate
efficacy associated with topiramate may lead to poor adherence. The
efficacy, safety, and tolerability of onabotulinumtoxinA have been
demonstrated in studies in various migraine patient populations, leading to
recent FDA approval of onabotulinumtoxinA for the prophylactic treatment of
CM in adults. These studies included patients with or without medication
overuse, which may affect 30% to 80% of CM patients in the USA. In this
program, we will analyze and discuss recent clinical trials investigating
topiramate and onabotulinumtoxinA for CM. © 2011 American Headache Society.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amitriptyline (drug therapy)
analgesic agent (drug therapy)
botulinum toxin A (clinical trial, drug therapy)
botulinum toxin A (clinical trial, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
gabapentin (drug therapy)
tizanidine (drug therapy)
topiramate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
transformed migraine (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical trial (topic)
drug abuse
drug efficacy
drug mechanism
drug safety
drug tolerability
headache (drug therapy)
human
nerve stimulation
outcome assessment
practice guideline
priority journal
prophylaxis
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
botulinum toxin A (93384-43-1)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
tizanidine (51322-75-9, 64461-82-1)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011410074
MEDLINE PMID
21770931 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21770931)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01956.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 484
TITLE
Availability of banned drugs: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Biyani D.
Agrawal D.
Patel S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Biyani D., biyani_d@rediffmail.com; Agrawal D.; Patel S.) Department of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi -
835215, Jharkhand, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Biyani, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of
Technology, Mesra, Ranchi - 835215, Jharkhand, India. Email:
biyani_d@rediffmail.com
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research (2011)
9:1 (111-112). Date of Publication: July-August 2011
ISSN
0976-044X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Global Research Online, Plot No: 6, R. K. Lake view, Hebbagudi, Anekal
Taluk, Bangalore, India.
ABSTRACT
The present case report attempts to study the current scenario regarding the
latest decision of DCGI for banning certain drug vide the Gazette of India
G.S.R.910 (E), the Gazette of India G.S.R.82 (E), and the Gazette of India
G.S.R.218 (E). Pharmacovigilance is the science of collecting, monitoring,
researching, assessing and evaluating information from healthcare providers
and patients on the adverse effects of medications, biological products,
herbalism and traditional medicines. If through Pharmacovigilance, adverse
events are found to be critical, DCGI takes the action to ban such a drug in
India. Recently DCGI banned drugs Rosiglitazone, Nimesulide, Cisapride,
Phenylpropanolamine, Sibutramine, Gatifloxacin and Tegasorid for certain
indications and specific group of patients. It was thought to carry out a
survey pertaining to these drugs availability in the medical shops to reveal
the implementation of the highest authority's decision in this matter. For
this, a random visit to various medical stores in and around Bhopal,
Vidisha, Raisen, and Indore (Madhya Pradesh) was made with prescription
containing the above mentioned drugs to reveal the exact scenario of their
availability and dispensing by the pharmacist. The case report reveals the
pathetic condition of implementation of law regarding such matters. Also the
Community Pharmacists are not well aware about the reasons behind such
prohibition of sale of these aforementioned drugs. This problem can be
resolved by Educating the Community Pharmacist through continuing Education
program.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cisapride
gatifloxacin
nimesulide
phenylpropanolamine
rosiglitazone
sibutramine
tegaserod
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug legislation
drug marketing
health care availability
postmarketing surveillance
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cisapride (81098-60-4)
gatifloxacin (112811-59-3, 180200-66-2)
nimesulide (51803-78-2)
phenylpropanolamine (14838-15-4, 154-41-6, 4345-16-8, 48115-38-4)
rosiglitazone (122320-73-4, 155141-29-0)
sibutramine (106650-56-0)
tegaserod (145158-71-0, 189188-57-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011402000
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 485
TITLE
Implementation of a medication therapy management program in a
hospital-based outpatient pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Hall D.L.
Pater K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hall D.L., halldl@upmc.edu; Pater K.S.) Department of Pharmacy and
Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop
Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
(Hall D.L., halldl@upmc.edu; Pater K.S.) University of Pittsburgh Medical
Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.L. Hall, Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy,
University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United
States. Email: halldl@upmc.edu
SOURCE
Hospital Pharmacy (2011) 46:7 (512-518). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 2011
ISSN
0018-5787
1945-1253 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Facts and Comparisons, 111 W. Port Plaza, Ste. 300, St. Louis, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To describe the integration of a medication therapy management
(MTM) service in a hospital-based outpatient pharmacy, including adapting
Medicare-based screening criteria to target a primarily non-Medicare
population, integrating data into the medical center's electronic medical
record, and designing a method to track identified drug-related problems
(DRPs).Methods: The hospital-based outpatient pharmacy at the University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) established an MTM service to enhance
patient medication safety. Identification criteria were developed in
accordance with the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 and institutional
practices: older than 65 years, more than 5 chronic medications, more than 3
chronic disease states, presence of diabetes, tobacco use, or possible
adverse drug event (ADE). As this was a proof of concept pilot, both
Medicare and non-Medicare patients were included. Additionally, an
intervention tracking form was developed to use in conjunction with the
medical center's electronic medical record.Results: During an 18-month
period, 319 patients met the criteria upon random screening. Sixty-eight
patients enrolled in the MTM program, resulting in 234 patient visits. One
hundred and seventy DRPs were identified, with 2.5 DRP per patient. The most
common problems found were the need for additional drug therapy and
nonadherence. The overall physician acceptance rate for recommendations was
69%.Conclusion: MTM programs are adaptable to a hospital-based outpatient
pharmacy utilizing Medicare-based screening criteria in a primarily
non-Medicare population resulting in identification of DRPs. © 2011 Thomas
Land Publishers, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug (adverse drug reaction, drug dose)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease
medication therapy management
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
asthma
chronic obstructive lung disease
diabetes mellitus
drug safety
dyslipidemia
electronic medical record
female
heart failure
human
hypertension
major clinical study
male
medicare
outpatient
patient safety
pharmacy
smoking
unspecified side effect (side effect)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011382346
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/hpj4607-512
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 486
TITLE
Pharmacist web-based training program on medication use in chronic kidney
disease patients: Impact on knowledge, skills, and satisfaction
AUTHOR NAMES
Legris M.-E.
Séguin N.C.
Desforges K.
Sauvé P.
Lord A.
Bell R.
Berbiche D.
Desrochers J.-F.
Lemieux J.-P.
Morin-Bélanger C.
Ste-Marie Paradis F.
Lalonde L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Legris M.-E.; Séguin N.C.; Desrochers J.-F.; Ste-Marie Paradis F.) Faculty
of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Canada.
(Desforges K.; Sauvé P.; Lemieux J.-P.; Morin-Bélanger C.) Faculty of
Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Centre de santé et de services sociaux de
Laval, Canada.
(Lord A.) Centre de santé et de services sociaux de Laval, Canada.
(Bell R.) Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Canada.
(Berbiche D.) Équipe de recherche en soins de première ligne, Centre de
santé et de services sociaux de Laval, Canada.
(Lalonde L., lyne.lalonde@umontreal.ca) Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de
Montreal, Equipe de recherche en soins de premiere ligne, Centre de santé et
de services sociaux de Laval, Université de Montréal, Sanofi Aventis
Endowment Research Chair, Ambulatory Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Lalonde, Équipe de recherche en soins de première ligne, Centre de santé
et de services sociaux de Laval, 1755 René-Laennec Blvd., Laval, QC H7M 3L9,
Canada. Email: lyne.lalonde@umontreal.ca
SOURCE
Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions (2011) 31:3
(140-150). Date of Publication: Summer 2011
ISSN
0894-1912
1554-558X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, United States.
ABSTRACT
Introduction:: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are multimorbid elderly
at high risk of drug-related problems. A Web-based training program was
developed based on a list of significant drug-related problems in CKD
patients requiring a pharmaceutical intervention. The objectives were to
evaluate the impact of the program on community pharmacists' knowledge and
skills and their satisfaction with the training. Methods:: Pharmacists were
randomized to the training program or the control group. Training comprised
a 60-minute Web-based interactive session supported by a clinical guide.
Pharmacists completed a questionnaire on knowledge (10 multiple-choice
questions) and skills (2 clinical vignettes) at baseline and a second time
within 1 month. Trained pharmacists completed a written satisfaction
questionnaire. Semidirected telephone interviews were conducted with 8
trained pharmacists. Changes in knowledge and skills scores were compared
between the groups. Results:: Seventy pharmacists (training: 52; control:
18) were recruited; the majority were women with <15 years' experience.
Compared with the control group, an adjusted incremental increase in the
knowledge score (22%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16%-27%) and skills
score (24%; 95% CI: 16%-33%) was observed in the training group. Most
pharmacists (87%-100%) rated each aspect of the program "excellent'' or
"very good." Additional training and adding a discussion forum were
suggested to complement the program. Discussion:: Pharmacists like the
Web-based continuing education program. Over a short time span, the program
improved their knowledge and skills. Its impact on their clinical practices
and quality of medication use in CKD patients remains to be assessed. © 2010
The Alliance for Continuing Medical Education, the Society for Academic
Continuing Medical Education, and the Council on CME, Association for
Hospital Medical Education.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic kidney failure (drug therapy)
education
Internet
pharmacist
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical competence
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
female
health care quality
health personnel attitude
human
male
methodology
psychological aspect
randomized controlled trial
satisfaction
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
21953653 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21953653)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chp.20119
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 487
TITLE
The medication experience: Preliminary evidence of its value for patient
education and counseling on chronic medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Shoemaker S.J.
Ramalho de Oliveira D.
Alves M.
Ekstrand M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shoemaker S.J., sarah_jshoemaker@gmail.comom) Abt Associates Inc., Health
Policy Practice, Cambridge, United States.
(Ramalho de Oliveira D.; Ekstrand M.) Fairview Pharmacy Services,
Minneapolis, United States.
(Alves M.) University of Minnesota, Department of Pharmaceutical Care and
Health Systems, Minneapolis, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.J. Shoemaker, Abt Associates Inc., 55 Wheeler Street, Cambridge, MA 02138,
United States. Email: sarah_jshoemaker@gmail.comom
SOURCE
Patient Education and Counseling (2011) 83:3 (443-450). Date of Publication:
June 2011
ISSN
0738-3991
1873-5134 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe medication therapy management (MTM) pharmacists'
encounters with patients' medication experiences, to examine the utility of
the medication experience in practice, and to explore the value of the
medication experience in patient education and counseling on medications.
Methods: A focus group of 10 MTM pharmacists, and 1 pharmacist's 9-month
practice diary were analyzed to reveal patients' medication experiences and
the utility and value of the medication experience in practice. Results: MTM
pharmacists commonly encountered patients' medication experiences in their
practices. The medication experience was often at the root of drug therapy
problems (DTPs) the practitioners identified. The pharmacists identified
several examples of drug therapy problems with an associated medication
experience at the root. The medication experience was a meaningful construct
to guide patient education and counseling on new chronic medications to
ultimately prevent DTPs, and valuable for tailoring patient education and
counseling on medications to resolve DTPs. Conclusion: Our study provides
preliminary evidence of the value of the medication experience for patient
education and counseling on chronic medications in practice. Practice
implications: The medication experience is a valuable tool for practitioners
to understand patients' needs, identify and resolve DTPs, and tailor patient
education and counseling for chronic medications. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland
Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
long term care
medication therapy management
patient counseling
patient education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug efficacy
drug indication
drug information
drug safety
health care practice
human
human relation
patient attitude
patient compliance
pharmacist attitude
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011324831
MEDLINE PMID
21435815 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21435815)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2011.02.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 488
TITLE
Hepatoprotective activity of cucumis trigonus Roxb. fruit against CCl(4)
inducesd hepatic damage in rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Patil K.
Imtiaz S.M.
Singh A.
Bagewadi V.
Gazi S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Patil K., imtiyaz_msi@reddifmail.com; Imtiaz S.M.; Singh A.; Bagewadi V.)
Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, KLES's College of Pharmacy,
Belguam, Karnataka, India.
(Gazi S.) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K. T Patil College of
Pharmacy, Osmanabad Maharashtra, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. M. Imtiaz, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, KLES's College
of Pharmacy, Belguam, Karnataka, India. Email: imtiyaz_msi@reddifmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:2 (295-299). Date of
Publication: June 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
In India, a number of medicinal plants and their formulations are used to
cure hepatic disorders in traditional systems of medicine. No systemic study
has been done on protective effect of Cucumis trigonus Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae)
to treat hepatic diseases. Protective action of C. trigonus fruit extracts
was evaluated in this study in animal model of hepatotoxicity, which was
induced by carbon tetrachloride. Forty two healthy female albino Wistar rats
weighing between 180 and 200 g were divided in to seven groups of 6. Group 1
was normal control group; Group 2, the hepatotoxic group was given CCl(4);
Group 3 was administered standard drug (Liv-52); Groups 4-7 received pet.
ether, chloroform, alcohol and aqueous fruit extract (300 mg/kg) with
CCl(4). The parameters studied were alanine transaminase, aspartate
transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and serum bilirubin activities. The
hepatoprotective activity was also supported by histopathological studies of
liver tissue. Results of the biochemical studies of blood samples of CCl(4)
treated animals showed significant increase in the levels of serum enzyme
activities, reflecting the liver injury caused by CC1(4). Whereas blood
samples from the animals treated with chloroform and aqueous fruit extracts
showed significant and alcohol extract showed highly significant decrease in
the levels of serum markers, indicating the protection of hepatic cells. The
results revealed that alcoholic fruit extract of Cucumis trigonus could
afford highly significant protection against CC1(4) induced hepatocellular
injury. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences and Health Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cucumis trigonus extract (drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacology)
liver protective agent (drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacology)
plant extract (drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alanine aminotransferase (endogenous compound)
alcohol
alkaline phosphatase (endogenous compound)
aspartate aminotransferase (endogenous compound)
bilirubin (endogenous compound)
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
liv 52 (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cucumis trigonus
liver toxicity (drug therapy, drug therapy)
muskmelon
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analytical parameters
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
article
bilirubin blood level
blood sampling
controlled study
enzyme activity
enzyme blood level
female
histopathology
liver protection
nonhuman
rat
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alanine aminotransferase (9000-86-6, 9014-30-6)
alcohol (64-17-5)
alkaline phosphatase (9001-78-9)
aspartate aminotransferase (9000-97-9)
bilirubin (18422-02-1, 635-65-4)
carbon tetrachloride (56-23-5)
chloroform (67-66-3)
liv 52 (54847-94-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011343567
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 489
TITLE
Drug pilferage: Is this just about ethics? Exploring a sensitive issue using
an ethnographic approach
AUTHOR NAMES
Lim Z.
Anderson C.
McGrath S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lim Z.; Anderson C.) Division of Social Research in Medicines and Health,
School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
(McGrath S.) Dearing Building, Jubilee Campus, University of Nottingham,
Nottingham, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Z. Lim, Division of Social Research in Medicines and Health, School of
Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 19 SUPPL. 1 (43). Date of
Publication: June 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Health Services Research and Pharmacy Practice Conference
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Norwich, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-05 to 2011-05-06
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Background: Drug pilferage is one of the most serious problems in the
pharmaceutical service provision in Malawi([1]). However, implementation of
strategies to combat drug pilferage has been hindered by critical shortage
of pharmacy workforce. In 2007, there were only 46 pharmacists in the
country which has a population of 15 million. To increase the number of
locally trained pharmacists, the first school of pharmacy in the University
of Malawi was established in 2006. Eight students graduated in 2009. The aim
of this paper is to explore the impact of drug pilferage on patients and
what roles pharmacists could possibly play to tackle this problem. Method:
In-depth, face-to-face interviews are deemed suitable to discuss sensitive
issues such as drug pilferage. Interviews were conducted in Malawi with 10
pharmacists, 2 pharmacy technicians, 2 nurses and 1 doctor. An ethnographic
approach was employed to allow the first author to immerse herself in a
foreign culture, hence gaining a deeper understanding of opinions expressed
and/or attitudes displayed by the local informants([2]). This study was
approved by the ethics authority in Malawi. Results: Although quantitative
evidence could not be established to prove drug pilferage, most informants
acknowledged the presence of this problem. Drugs were believed to have been
stolen by health workers at different points of drug distribution and then
sold to street vendors or private clinics. This resulted in severe shortage
of essential medicines. Patients were instructed to buy from private
pharmacies the out-of-stock items, which were not always affordable.
Prescribers were forced to prescribe from a very limited range of available
drugs. In some cases, patients might be left untreated. This was believed to
result in treatment failure or death in extreme cases. Among perceived
causes contributing to drug pilferage were low pay of health workers who
handled drugs, incomplete stock records, inadequate supervision, uninformed
general public, penalty insufficient to deter offenders and policy to allow
civil servants to open private clinics. Most informants thought employing
more pharmacists at public health institutions should stop drug pilferage.
Most informants felt it was pharmacists' responsibility to create a
theft-proof system. It was also generally assumed that pharmacists were
supposed to have a 'higher level of ethics' and hence would not commit such
unethical crime. There were only two pharmacists serving at public health
facilities in the country, whilst most work in the private sector. It was
hoped that drug pilferage would be solved in the future when the school of
pharmacy produces sufficient pharmacists. Conclusion: Drug pilferage is not
merely an ethical issue, but also a governance issue. It happened because
there were temptations and opportunities to commit such crime. There seemed
to be a lack of urgency and collective action amongst stakeholders in
tackling this issue. The reliance on future pharmacy graduates might not be
realistic, judging from the low number of pharmacists graduating each year;
and the possible movement of the new pharmacists to the private sector or
out of Malawi altogether([3]). Concerted effort and political will to fight
drug pilferage is urgently needed.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ethics
health services research
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
crime
death
drug distribution
graduate
health care facility
health care personnel
interview
Malawi
nurse
offender
organization and management
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy technician
physician
policy
population
private hospital
public health
punishment
responsibility
school
student
theft
treatment failure
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7174.2011.00124.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 490
TITLE
Task allocation in cancer medication management - Integrating the pharmacist
AUTHOR NAMES
Döhler N.
Krolop L.
Ringsdorf S.
Meier K.
Ko Y.-D.
Kuhn W.
Schwalbe O.
Jaehde U.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Döhler N.; Krolop L.; Ringsdorf S.; Schwalbe O.; Jaehde U.,
u.jaehde@uni-bonn.de) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Bonn,
Bonn, Germany.
(Meier K.) Oncology Pharmacy Working Group of the German Cancer Society
(DKG), Berlin, Germany.
(Ko Y.-D.) Department of Internal Medicine, Johanniter-Hospital Bonn, Bonn,
Germany.
(Kuhn W.) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of
Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
U. Jaehde, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany. Email:
u.jaehde@uni-bonn.de
SOURCE
Patient Education and Counseling (2011) 83:3 (367-374). Date of Publication:
June 2011
ISSN
0738-3991
1873-5134 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was conducted to define the task allocation in
multiprofessional cancer medication management (MCMM) with a special focus
on the role of the pharmacist as well as patient education and counseling.
The acceptance of the proposed task allocation and the perceptions on
multiprofessional teamwork were explored on a national level. Methods: We
held local focus group meetings (University of Bonn with collaboration
partners) to identify MCMM tasks. With the Delphi technique the tasks were
allocated to physicians, pharmacists and nurses. Professionals (members of
the German Cancer Society) were approached nationwide via an online
questionnaire to evaluate the acceptance of the MCMM model and explore their
perceptions on multiprofessional teamwork. Results: The MCMM model comprised
38 tasks including 11 on patient education and counseling. It was rated to
be reasonable (79%) and feasible (68%). Barriers and benefits of
multiprofessional teamwork stated were patient-, team-, therapy-,
structure-, and resources-related. Conclusions: The MCMM model integrates
the pharmacist with responsibilities in patient education and counseling as
well as prevention of drug-related problems. The approach was generally
appreciated nationwide by the professions. Practice implications: The
proposed model can serve as a tool to trigger changes in cancer medication
management. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cancer therapy
medication therapy management
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
feasibility study
female
Germany
human
information processing
nonhuman
nurse
online system
patient care
patient counseling
patient education
physician
priority journal
professional practice
teamwork
work experience
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011324821
MEDLINE PMID
21482061 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21482061)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2011.03.002
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 491
TITLE
Exploring communications around medication review in community pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Kaae S.
Sørensen E.W.
Nørgaard L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kaae S., ska@farma.ku.dk; Sørensen E.W.; Nørgaard L.S.) Department of
Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Kaae, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2,
2100 København, Denmark. Email: ska@farma.ku.dk
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:3 (529-536). Date of
Publication: June 2011
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objectives Investigation into aspects that influence outcomes of medication
reviews have been called for. The aim of this study was to assess how
pharmacy internship students in a Danish medication review and
reconciliation model communicated with both diabetes patients and the
patients' General Practitioners (GPs) when conveying the results of the
review by writing letters to the different parties. Special attention was
drawn to how differences in health care provider and patient perspectives of
the disease as well as inclusion of the patient in the decision making
process is influenced by the identified practices of communication. Setting
18 Danish community pharmacies with The Department of Pharmacology and
Pharmacotherapy at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Copenhagen. Method Number of identified drug related problems, life-world
problems and solutions to these described in the letters sent to patients
and their GPs were registered. Further a qualitative documentary analysis
was conducted by analyzing the letters using the theory of transactional
analysis, developed by Berne. Main outcome measures Identified and conveyed
drug related and life-world related problems when comparing patients'
letters with GPs' letters. Whether students assumed a superior, inferior or
equal role in relation to the recipient of the letter and compared whether
students assumed the same role in relation to patients and GPs. Results 18
pairs of patient and GP letters were analyzed. The analysis showed that
students conveyed more drugrelated problems to GPs than to patients.
Furthermore, students assumed an equal relationship to GPs, whereas they
frequently took superior positions when writing to patients. Students
reported lifestyle problems both to GPs and to patients. Conclusion Pharmacy
students in a Danish medication review and reconciliation model managed to
detect and address lifestyle problems of patients to their GPs, thereby
facilitating the merger of their professionaltechnical perspective with the
life-world perspective of patients. However, patients were not encouraged to
become more involved in the disease management process. © Springer
Science+Business Media B.V. 2011.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community care
interpersonal communication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cooperation
Denmark
diabetic patient
exploratory research
general practitioner
health care quality
health program
human
lifestyle
medical decision making
medical student
patient care
patient participation
pharmacist attitude
priority journal
student attitude
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011373269
MEDLINE PMID
21442285 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21442285)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9502-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 492
TITLE
European clinical pharmacology: Challenges for the future
AUTHOR NAMES
Orme M.
Sjöqvist F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Orme M.; Sjöqvist F.) Cheltenham, United Kingdom.
(Orme M.; Sjöqvist F.) Stockholm, Sweden.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Orme, Cheltenham, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2011) 109 SUPPL. 1 (35).
Date of Publication: June 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
10th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Budapest, Hungary
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-06-26 to 2011-06-29
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
We have had the task to collect and edit the contributions to the IUPHAR
position paper 'Clinical Pharmacology in Research, Teaching and Health Care'
(Basic & Clinical Pharmacol. & Toxicol. 107, 531-559, 2010). Since July 2010
this paper is under further editorial work aiming to adapt it to the needs
of developing countries. We have encouraged clinical pharmacologists
worldwide to submit their opinions about the IUPHAR recommendations. During
this lengthy editorial process we have encountered several obstacles that
have interfered with the development of the discipline, particularly in
health care. 1 In many European countries clinical pharmacology is not yet a
recognized medical specialty which effectively prevents young physicians
from entering the discipline. 2 As a result of this other professional
groups who lack medical training are considered by themselves and by
decision makers in medicine to be clinical pharmacologists. 3 We have
therefore made a very clear distinction in the position paper between the
interdisciplinary science of clinical pharmacology and the medical specialty
of clinical pharmacology, which in contrast to the former requires medical
competence of its practitioners. 4 In many countries the roles for clinical
pharmacology in health care are vaguely defined. This is a paradox in view
of the fact that drug related problems (therapeutic failure, adverse drug
reactions, drug interactions, irrational drug utilization) are an increasing
indication for hospitalization. 5 As a consequence there is an alarming
shortage of positions for clinical pharmacologists in European health care.
6 The academic positions in clinical pharmacology are seldom combined with
defined functions in health care as they should be. We recommend that EACPT
prioritizes measures that attempt to correct these deficiencies in the
infrastructure of our discipline. We intend to map out these problems
through a questionnaire sent to the national representatives in EACPT.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
competence
developing country
drug interaction
drug utilization
health care
hospitalization
human
medical education
medicine
physician
questionnaire
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00731.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 493
TITLE
Postoperative opioids consumption: A pharmacokinetic analysis
AUTHOR NAMES
Proto P.L.
Tognoli E.
Piccioni F.
Bartoli A.
Morelli D.
Langer M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Proto P.L.; Tognoli E.; Piccioni F.; Bartoli A.; Morelli D.; Langer M.)
IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Uinversity of Milan,
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Milan, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.L. Proto, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Uinversity of
Milan, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Milan, Italy.
SOURCE
European Journal of Anaesthesiology (2011) 28 SUPPL. 48 (199). Date of
Publication: June 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
European Anaesthesiology Congress, EUROANAESTHESIA 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Amsterdam, Netherlands
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-06-11 to 2011-06-14
ISSN
0265-0215
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Background and Goal of Study: As the analgesic effect of opioids is
concentration dependent, we found it interesting to analyse the
postoperative opioids consumption from a pharmacokinetics point of view. The
Aim of the study was to verif y the performance of a PK model in a
Patient-Controlled analgesia context. Materials and Methods: We studied 5
pts. who underwent abdominal surgery. Analgesic therapy: Methadone
administered by a PCA system (dose 2 mg, lock-out 12min.). To predict
Methadone concentration, we used data recorded from PCA systems and the
following equation: Cp = dose - K(10)A(1) - K(12)A(1) + K(21)A(2)/V(1)
entering the pharmacokinetic parameters proposed by De Vos(1). For each
patient we performed two blood samples at different times in the first 48
postoperative hours. The measurement of Methadone plasma concentration was
carried out at the Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Pavia,
with the HPLC method. The difference between predicted plasma concentration
(Cp) and measured plasma concentration (Cm) was expressed as percentage
error (PE) = [(Cp-Cm) / Cm] ∗ § 100. Results: Are summarized in Table 1. Our
calculation systems underestimated the measured concentrations with an error
that varied from a low of -5% to a maximum of -45%. Only at two points, the
calculated value overestimated the measured value (+7,9, +112). Conclusions:
Our intention is to describe Postoperative opioids requirement in terms of
concentration rather than dose consumption. The results show wide ranges of
error variability, Therefore, we are looking for a way to analyse the
performance of a PK model in a Patient-Controlled analgesia context, which
we have not found in other literature so far. (Table presented) .
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anesthesiology
pharmacokinetics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal surgery
analgesic activity
blood level
blood sampling
clinical pharmacology
concentration (parameters)
high performance liquid chromatography
human
model
parameters
patient
patient controlled analgesia
therapy
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 494
TITLE
Screening and recruitment procedures of healthy volunteers in a phase I
clinical trial unit: Experience of 38 bioequivalence studies
AUTHOR NAMES
Duque B.
Borobia A.M.
Mosquera B.
López Durán J.L.
Ramírez E.
Lubomirov R.
Carcas A.J.
Guerra P.
Frías J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Duque B.; Borobia A.M.; Mosquera B.; López Durán J.L.; Ramírez E.;
Lubomirov R.; Carcas A.J.; Guerra P.; Frías J.) Clinical Pharmacology
Service, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Duque, Clinical Pharmacology Service, La Paz University Hospital,
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
SOURCE
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (2011) 109 SUPPL. 1 (117).
Date of Publication: June 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
10th Congress of the European Association for Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Budapest, Hungary
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-06-26 to 2011-06-29
ISSN
1742-7835
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction: This study reports and analyzes screening and recruitment
procedures of 38 bioequivalence (BE) studies. Material and Methods:
Thirty-eight BE randomized crossover studies were conducted. The studies
were all designed according to the requirements of EMA for BE studies and
developed in the Phase I Clinical Trial Unit of the Pharmacology Department
(School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid). Sample size
calculated, number of volunteers and reason for exclusion, withdrawal and
dropped were recorded. Results: For the included 38 trials, a total of 2405
healthy volunteers were informed about a BE trial and 2202 (91.6%) decided
to sign the inform consent form. Of them, 233 did not return to initiation
visit (10.6%). In the screening period 623 volunteers (28.3%) were not
suitable for the study. The main reasons were: withdrawal of informed
consent (16.4%), positive in urine abuse drug test (9.6%),
hyperbilirrubinemia (5.6%) and hypertransaminasemia (4.7%). Therefore a
total of 1579 fulfilled inclusion criteria and 1514 were included (65
volunteers were considered as reserves). During the study, 35 volunteers
(2.3%) dropped for personal reason and 17 were excluded (47% due to a
positive result in urine abuse drug test). A total of 1462 volunteers were
suitable for the main analysis. Conclusion: To select 1579 valid
participants in BE trials we needed to give the trial information to 2405
potential participants and to make the initiation visit in 2202 volunteers.
Only a 4.1% of the healthy volunteers interviewed and fulfilling selection
criteria were finally not included. Post-randomization losses were also low
(3.6%).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bioequivalence
clinical pharmacology
human
normal human
phase 1 clinical trial
screening
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
crossover procedure
hypertransaminasemia
informed consent
pharmacology
randomization
sample size
school
stomatitis
urine
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00722.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 495
TITLE
The role of adrenergic and angiotensinergic systems in vascular effect of
alcoholic of extract trigonella foenum-graecum seed in diabetic rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Mahdavi M.R.V.
Roghani M.
Baluchnejadmojarad T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mahdavi M.R.V.; Roghani M., mehjour@yahoo.com) Department of Physiology,
School of Medicine and Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University,
Tehran, Iran.
(Baluchnejadmojarad T.) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Roghani, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Medicinal Plant
Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Email: mehjour@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:1 (83-88). Date of
Publication: 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Considering the anti-diabetic potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG)
and its beneficial effect on aortic reactivity of diabetic rats, this study
was conducted to evaluate the effect of its alcoholic seed extract on aortic
reactivity and also figure out mechanisms including the role of adrenergic
and angiotensinergic systems in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Male Wistar
rats were divided into control, extract-treated control, diabetic, and
extract-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by a single IP
injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg). Treatment groups received TFG
extract (200 mg/kg; IP) every other day for 1 month. Contractile response of
thoracic aorta to KCl and noradrenaline (NA) was then determined. For
determination of the involvement of adrenergic and angiotensinergic systems,
rings were incubated before the experiments with prazocin, propranolol,
and/or captopril and then NA- and angiotensin I (Ag-I)-induced contractions
were recorded. Diabetic state significantly increased maximum contractile
response to KCl and NA (p < 0.01-0.005) comparing to control groups and
treatment with TFG extract in diabetic group significantly improved these
changes comparing to untreated diabetic group (p < 0.05-p < 0.01). On the
other hand, pretreatment of prazosin and propranolol caused a significant
reduction in contractile response of all groups (p < 0.05-0.001) meanwhile
was no significant difference among the groups. In addition, pre-incubation
with captopril caused a significant reduction in contractile response of
TFG-treated diabetic group comparing untreated diabetic group (p < 0.05).
Finally we concluded that alcoholic seed extract of TFG could improve some
functional indices of the vascular system in diabetic state and
angiotensinergic system is partly involved in this response. © 2011 by
School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
fenugreek extract (intraperitoneal drug administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
angiotensin I
captopril (pharmacology)
polythiazide plus prazosin (pharmacology)
potassium chloride
propranolol (pharmacology)
streptozocin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adrenergic system
angiotensinergic system
blood vessel reactivity
catecholaminergic system
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
animal tissue
article
autonomic nervous system
cardiovascular effect
controlled study
diabetes mellitus
drug response
fenugreek
incubation time
male
nonhuman
plant seed
rat
vasoconstriction
Wistar rat
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
angiotensin I (9041-90-1)
captopril (62571-86-2)
polythiazide plus prazosin (84057-89-6)
potassium chloride (7447-40-7)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
streptozocin (18883-66-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011268102
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 496
TITLE
Gastroprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of aloe buettneri
AUTHOR NAMES
Metowogo K.
Eklu-Gadegbeku K.
Agbonon A.
Aklikokou K.A.
Gbeassor M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Metowogo K., kossi.metowogo@gmail.com; Eklu-Gadegbeku K.; Agbonon A.;
Aklikokou K.A.; Gbeassor M.) Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of
Science, University of Loma, Togo.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Metowogo, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Science,
University of Loma, Togo. Email: kossi.metowogo@gmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:1 (69-74). Date of
Publication: 2011
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Vali-e-Asr
Avenue, Niayesh Junction, Tehran, Iran.
ABSTRACT
Aloe buettneri A. Berger is commonly used in traditional Togolese medicine
to treat inflammatory and gastric ulcers. The present study examined the
gastro-protection effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of A. buettneri on
mucus production and gastric pH. A gastric ulcer is induced by ethanol 95°
alone (1 mL/kg body weight), after pre-treatment with indomethacin (300
mg/kg) or by utilising L-NAME (40 mg/kg IV). In addition gastric mucus was
removed by scraping and subsequently weighed. The experiment focused
entirely on rats that had been subjected to fasting. The hydro-alcoholic
extract of A. buettneri (500 mg/kg) significantly inhibited ulcers that were
induced by ethanol, indomethacin or L-NAME pre-treatment. A. buettneri was
shown to increase the production of gastric mucus. Furthermore L-arginine
significantly decreased the size of the induced ulcers. The results achieved
in the study carried out suggest that A. buettneri posses gastro-protective
properties. © 2011 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
Aloe buettneri extract (drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacology)
plant extract (pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
arginine (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration)
indometacin (drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug administration)
lansoprazole (drug therapy)
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester (drug therapy, intravenous drug
administration)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Aloe
Aloe buettneri
medicinal plant
stomach protection
stomach ulcer (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
article
body weight
controlled study
diet restriction
drug efficacy
drug inhibition
female
male
nonhuman
rat
stomach
stomach mucus
stomach pH
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
arginine (1119-34-2, 15595-35-4, 7004-12-8, 74-79-3)
indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1)
lansoprazole (103577-45-3, 138530-94-6, 138530-95-7)
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester (50903-99-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011268100
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 497
TITLE
Teaching the science of safety in US colleges and schools of pharmacy.
AUTHOR NAMES
Holdford D.A.
Warholak T.L.
West-Strum D.
Bentley J.P.
Malone D.C.
Murphy J.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Holdford D.A.) Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298-0533, USA.
(Warholak T.L.; West-Strum D.; Bentley J.P.; Malone D.C.; Murphy J.E.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.A. Holdford, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298-0533, USA.
Email: daholdfo@vcu.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:4 (77). Date of
Publication: 10 May 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
This paper provides baseline information on integrating the science of
safety into the professional degree curriculum at colleges and schools of
pharmacy. A multi-method examination was conducted that included a
literature review, key informant interviews of 30 individuals, and in-depth
case studies of 5 colleges and schools of pharmacy. Educators believe that
they are devoting adequate time to science of safety topics and doing a good
job teaching students to identify, understand, report, manage, and
communicate medication risk. Areas perceived to be in need of improvement
include educating pharmacy students about the Food and Drug Administration's
(FDA's) role in product safety, how to work with the FDA in post-marketing
surveillance and other FDA safety initiatives, teaching students methods to
improve safety, and educating students to practice in interprofessional
teams. The report makes 10 recommendations to help pharmacy school graduates
be more effective in protecting patients from preventable drug-related
problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
food and drug administration
human
safety
school
science
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21769153 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21769153)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 498
TITLE
Illicit methylphenidate use among Iranian medical students: Prevalence and
knowledge
AUTHOR NAMES
Habibzadeh A.
Alizadeh M.
Malek A.
Maghbooli L.
Shoja M.M.
Ghabili K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Habibzadeh A.; Maghbooli L.) Students' Research Committee, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
(Alizadeh M.) Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
(Malek A.) Department of Psychiatry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,
Tabriz, Iran.
(Shoja M.M.; Ghabili K., kghabili@gmail.com) Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Ghabili, Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University
of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Email: kghabili@gmail.com
SOURCE
Drug Design, Development and Therapy (2011) :5 (71-76). Date of Publication:
2011
ISSN
1177-8881
BOOK PUBLISHER
DOVE Medical Press Ltd., PO Box 300-008, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Background: Methylphenidate, a medication prescribed for individuals
suffering from attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder, is increasingly
being misused by students. Objective: The aims of this study were to
evaluate the frequency of methylphenidate use among a group of Iranian
medical students and to assess their knowledge of methylphenidate. Methods:
Anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were completed by all medical
students entering the university between 2000 and 2007. Results:
Methylphenidate users' mean knowledge score was higher than that of nonusers
(15.83 ± 3.14 vs 13.66 ± 3.10, P = 0.008). Age, gender, and school year were
positively correlated with knowledge score (P < 0.05). Data analysis
demonstrated that 27 participants (8.7%) had taken methylphenidate at least
once in their lifetime. The respondents believed that the most common motive
for methylphenidate use among youths was that it aided concentration and
therefore ability to study. Conclusion: This study indicates a relatively
low level of knowledge about methylphenidate among Iranian medical students.
More educational programs regarding the use of methylphenidate are required
and should be focused on the student suppliers, clinicians, pharmacists, and
medical students. © 2011 Habibzadeh et al, publisher and licensee Dove
Medical Press Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methylphenidate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (epidemiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age distribution
article
concentration (parameters)
controlled study
drug use
female
human
Internet
Iran
knowledge
male
mass medium
medical student
motivation
peer pressure
prevalence
questionnaire
sex difference
wakefulness
weight reduction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011164606
MEDLINE PMID
21340040 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21340040)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S13818
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 499
TITLE
Buprenorphine-naloxone for the office-based treatment of opiate addiction in
patients with psychiatric co-morbidities
AUTHOR NAMES
Acosta A.
Macaluso A.
Mierzwa M.
Richardson S.
Walsh K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Acosta A.; Macaluso A.; Mierzwa M.; Richardson S.; Walsh K.) Saint Barnabas
Health Care System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Acosta, Saint Barnabas Health Care System, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (266). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: The association between opiate addiction and psychiatric
comorbidity has long been established. In the general population,
buprenorphine-naloxone (bup-nx) has demonstrated efficacy in promoting
abstinence from illicit opiate consumption among individuals with a history
of misuse. In some investigations, patients with anxiety or depression
previous to opiate addiction exhibited greater responses, relative to other
patients, to programs that combined bup-nx pharmacotherapy with regular
psychological counseling. Patients, themselves, have expressed a preference
for office-based programs that enable them to continue normal daily
activities during treatment for addiction. Despite this, a majority of
investigations of bup-nx therapy to date that have included patients with
psychiatric comorbidities have been conducted in hospital settings. This
investigation will assess the effectiveness of bup-nx therapy for the
office-based treatment of opiate addiction, exclusively among patients with
psychiatric comorbidities. Objective: Assess the safety and effectiveness of
outpatient maintenance with bup-nx, combined with psychological counseling,
among patients with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Methods: Participants
will be recruited from the Intensive Outpatient Program for dual-diagnosis
patients at a psychiatric facility in Toms River, New Jersey. Recipients of
bup-nx maintenance therapy will be required to attend regular counseling
sessions with a psychiatrist, regular outpatient group sessions at the
facility, and meetings of a 12-step program of their choosing. They will
also be required to consent to random urine drug screenings for the duration
of bup-nx therapy. Each recipient will be invited to participate in the
investigation. Informed consent will be obtained from each participant prior
to enrollment. Data will be collected from weekly questionnaires completed
by the participants, as well as from in- and outpatient medical records
maintained by the treatment facility. Admission data will also be collected
from a comparator group of patients receiving inpatient opiate
detoxification only. Outcomes: We will report symptoms of withdrawal,
severity of craving, and the percent of patients with (-)UDS per each week
of enrollment in the program. We will also report time between inpatient
psychiatric admissions, relative to the comparator group, incidence of
bup-nx interactions or adverse effects, and duration of retention in the
Intensive Outpatient Program.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
naloxone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
morbidity
opiate addiction
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
addiction
adverse drug reaction
anxiety
comorbidity
counseling
detoxification
diagnosis
drug screening
drug therapy
hospital
hospital patient
informed consent
maintenance therapy
medical record
outpatient
population
psychiatric diagnosis
psychiatrist
questionnaire
recipient
river
safety
therapy
United States
urine
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 500
TITLE
Collaborative drug therapy management for buprenorphine-maintained patients
AUTHOR NAMES
DiPaula B.A.
Park D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(DiPaula B.A.; Park D.) University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy,
Baltimore, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.A. DiPaula, University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (280-281). Date of Publication:
April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: As a result of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA) 2000,
physicians with a waiver may treat opioid-dependent patients outside of a
licensed substance abuse treatment program. However, many primary care
clinics are not properly structured to meet the ongoing needs of this
patient population. The legal implications, unique medication properties,
risk for diversion, drug-drug interactions, and comorbid diagnoses, allow
for a novel role for pharmacists in the management of
buprenorphine-maintained patients. Description of Innovative Service:
Faculty from the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy developed a
collaborative practice with a community health center to provide medication
management for buprenorphine-maintained, opioid-dependent patients. In order
to establish the practice, the pharmacists assisted in the design of the
interdisciplinary structure, protocols, and documentation. Once per week for
3 hours, pharmacists routinely provided disease-state monitoring, medication
management, consults, and patient education for the buprenorphine patients
who had completed induction. Referrals were routinely evaluated for
treatment adherence, efficacy, adverse effects, and drug diversion. The
pharmacists assisted in approving and refilling prescriptions and ordering
and monitoring laboratory tests, including toxicology screens. Impact on
Patient Care: From July 2009 to December 2010, a board-certified psychiatric
pharmacist and 3 PGY2 residents provided medication management services for
67 unique patients over 191 appointments. Sixty percent of the patients had
at least 1 comorbid psychiatric diagnosis. A total of 634 interventions were
made. The most common included assistance in refilling buprenorphine
prescriptions, ordering toxicology screens, and educating patients. The
pharmacists made an average of 3.3 types of interventions per patient.
Patient encounter sheets were completed for tracking and billing purposes.
While the facility did not routinely submit the billing, they were
reimbursed $130 per patient visit using the 99211 code when they did. The
projected potential revenue generated by pharmacist visits was $24,830.
Conclusion: Pharmacists offer unique expertise which can complement a
treatment team and allow for successful management of a large number of
buprenorphine-maintained patients in a primary care setting. The majority of
our patients had comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Specialized training in
psychiatric pharmacy was important in developing a niche and, ultimately,
this practice.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
diagnosis
documentation
drug dependence
drug interaction
drug therapy
health center
hospital
laboratory test
monitoring
patient care
patient education
pharmacy
physician
population
prescription
primary medical care
psychiatric diagnosis
risk
school
substance abuse
toxicology
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 501
TITLE
The efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbances in patients with
substance-related disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Thomas C.J.
Dress J.
Peterson J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Thomas C.J.; Dress J.; Peterson J.) Department of Veterans Affairs Medical
Center, Chillicothe, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.J. Thomas, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chillicothe,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (278-279). Date of Publication:
April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Sleep disturbances are prevalent in patients with mental illness
such as, substance-related disorders. These disturbances are believed to be
related, in part, to an imbalance of melatonin, a naturally produced
chemical that helps regulate circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle.
Therefore, exogenous melatonin may have a role in regulating sleep
disturbances in psychiatric patients. There is no evidence clearly defining
the role of melatonin in the treatment of substance-induced sleep
disturbances. However, the role of individual substances such as opioids and
alcohol has been examined as a cause of disturbed sleep in multiple studies.
Therefore, substancerelated disorders have been linked to sleep
disturbances, but treatment options are limited. Commonly used sleep aids
(ie benzodiazepines) with addictive potential should be avoided in this
population. This retrospective study will investigate melatonin as a safe
nonhabit-forming alternative. Objectives: (1) To study the efficacy of
melatonin for sleep disturbances in substance-related disorders. (2) To
study the efficacy of m e l a t o n i n f o r s l e e p d i s t u r b a n c
e s i n P T S D patients. Methodology: Patients enrolled in the Chillicothe
VAMC Psychosocial Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Program (PRRTP) will
be reviewed to identify those who have completed a baseline and followup
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) survey. Patients with a baseline PSQI
score of less than or equal to 5 will be excluded. Electronic medical
records will be examined to classify patients with a history of PTSD,
substance-related disorders, and/or melatonin use. Patients will be divided
into 3 groups: patients with PTSD who received melatonin, substance-induced
sleep disturbances who received melatonin, and patients who did not receive
melatonin. For objective 1, baseline and follow-up PSQI scores will be
compared using Mann-Whitney U test to determine if there is a significant
improvement in score (decrease of at least 2 points in PSQI) following
melatonin use. For objective 2, PTSD patients will be analyzed in a separate
extension of this study. Outcomes: We will report the mean change in PSQI
score from baseline to follow-up (PRRTP admission to discharge) in patients
with substance-related disorders who received melatonin. We will compare
this change to patients on PRRTP who have not received melatonin.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
melatonin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
benzodiazepine derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
college
human
patient
pharmacist
sleep disorder
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
circadian rhythm
diseases
electronic medical record
follow up
mental disease
mental patient
methodology
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
population
posttraumatic stress disorder
rank sum test
rehabilitation
retrospective study
sleep
sleep waking cycle
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 502
TITLE
Survey of experiential clerkship opportunity in substance dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Park D.
DiPaula B.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Park D.; DiPaula B.A.) School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Park, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (278). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmacists' knowledge and expertise in the area of substance
dependence continues to be emphasized by organizations such as American
Association of Clinical Pharmacy (AACP). Though community pharmacists share
responsibility in cases of drug diversion, studies suggest that the majority
of pharmacists lack education and training in substance use disorders,
recognition of drug diversion, and drug treatment options. Objective: (1)
Assess the availability of substancedependence experiential rotations
offered through accredited colleges of pharmacy, (2) analyze barriers to
employing such opportunity in experiential clerkship, and (3) utilize the
information to augment education reform in substance dependence. Method: A
15- question, on-line survey will be e-mailed to the representatives of
advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) programs at all currently
ACPE-accredited schools of pharmacy in the United States. The data
collection will focus on: school demographics, academic type of the
experiential clerkship, types of clerkship sites, positions of preceptors,
student learning activities, barriers to clerkship development, and methods
for mitigating barriers. The data will be gathered electronically and
analyzed using descriptive statistical tools. The study was reviewed and an
exemption was granted by the University of Maryland Institutional Review
Board. Outcome: By assessing the availability and potential barriers for
development of substancedependence experiential clerkships, the authors hope
to increase awareness and improve pharmacy student training in substance
dependence.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
pharmacist
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical pharmacy
community
drug therapy
education
hope
information processing
institutional review
learning
organization
pharmacy
pharmacy student
responsibility
school
student
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 503
TITLE
The impact of initial drug of abuse on long-term abstinence in patients
utilizing buprenorphine/ naloxone therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Winistoerfer N.
Zacher J.
Garlapati V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winistoerfer N.; Zacher J.; Garlapati V.) Captain James A Lovell Federal
Health Care Center, North Chicago, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Winistoerfer, Captain James A Lovell Federal Health Care Center, North
Chicago, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (280). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: The outpatient treatment of addiction has expanded in recent
years with the passing of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA) 2000, and
the approval of buprenorphine/naloxone by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA). Many factors are taken into consideration before a patient and
provider decide to begin therapy with buprenorphine/naloxone, none of which
have any predictive value in terms of abstinence rates at 12 months. The
results of the study could provide important new data for determining which
patients would receive the most benefit of therapy with
buprenorphine/naloxone, leading to increased treatment, abstinence, and
improved quality of life for patients. Objectives: The objective of the
study is to determine if there is a correlation between a patient's
preferred drug of abuse (either prescription or illicit substances) and the
patient's ability of achieving long-term abstinence (greater than 12 months)
with buprenorphine/naloxone therapy. The study will also be used to examine
whether or not concurrent axis I diagnoses, initial Clinical Opiate
Withdrawal Scale (COWS) assessment score, length of addiction and completion
of a treatment program have any bearing on the length of sobriety. Methods:
The Veteran's Affairs computerized electronic medical record system will be
utilized to identify patients who underwent buprenorphine/naloxone therapy
from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009. The following parameters will be
collected: age, gender, drug of abuse (classified as prescription or
illicit), initial COWS score, concurrent axis I diagnosis, length of
addiction, number of hospitalizations due to opiate use or abuse,
maintenance dosage of buprenorphine/naloxone, length of sobriety, and
completion of an addiction treatment program. The results of the patient's
urine drug screens will also be recorded as a measure of sobriety. Outcomes:
Comparisons will be made to determine if the type of drug (illicit or
prescription) of abuse has any bearing on the patient's ability to achieve
and maintain long-term sobriety. Additional statistics will be utilized to
ascertain whether or not concurrent axis I diagnoses, completion of a
treatment program, or initial COWS scores have an effect on long-term
abstinence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naloxone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abstinence
abuse
college
human
patient
pharmacist
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
diagnosis
drug dependence
electronic medical record
food and drug administration
gender
hospitalization
maintenance drug dose
outpatient
parameters
predictive value
prescription
quality of life
statistics
urine
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 504
TITLE
Assessment of psychotropic drug abuse in an adolescent substance dependent
population and evaluation of associated prescriber perceptions
AUTHOR NAMES
Holmes J.C.
Liu M.
Bennett R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Holmes J.C.; Liu M.) Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State
University of New Jersey, United States.
(Holmes J.C.; Liu M.; Bennett R.) Princeton House Behavioral Health,
Princeton Health Care System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.C. Holmes, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, State University of
New Jersey, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (265-266). Date of Publication:
April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Illicit use of prescription opiates, amphetamines, and
benzodiazepines among various populations has been well described in the
literature; however, emerging reports also suggest the increasing misuse of
medications classified as antipsychotics, antidepressants, and mood
stabilizers. To our knowledge, no studies to date have specifically
evaluated prescription psychotropic abuse among any high-risk population
such as substance-dependent adolescents. It is also unknown if providers
have been alerted to the possible trend, and if positive results would alter
prescribing decisions. Objectives: (1) Describe the characteristics of
adolescents reporting any history of prescription psychotropic drug abuse.
(2) Assess prescriber perceptions of the current state of psychotropic drug
abuse and inclination to change prescribing based on reported use. Methods:
For this prospective, descriptive analysis, study participants will be
recruited from an adolescent inpatient substance abuse treatment facility in
Princeton, NJ, with a target enrollment of n = 50 participants. All
adolescent patients admitted from December 2010 forward will be eligible to
participate in this Institutional Review Board-approved survey. Those
patients with communication barriers or refusal to participate will
beexcluded.Patientage, sex,age of first drug use, tobacco use, and drug of
choice will be analyzed as baseline characteristics. Participants reporting
any history of psychotropic use will be questioned on frequency, access, and
method of drug administration. User perception of safety and access
regarding prescription drugs versus other illicit substances will also be
evaluated. In the second phase of the study, inpatient prescribers will be
asked to participate in a questionnaire prior to presentation of study data
to assess perceptions regarding the prevalence of psychotropic misuse. An
additional assessment will be provided following the presentation of study
results, focusing on the likelihood to change existing psychotropic
prescribing based on the information found in the substance abuse
population.Outcomes: The number and percentage of psychotropic medication
abusers, including patient characteristics and perceptions of prescription
drug abuse will be reported using descriptive statistics. Prescriber
perceptions prior to and after presentation of survey data will also be
reported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychotropic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine derivative
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine derivative
mood stabilizer
opiate
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adolescent
college
drug abuse
human
pharmacist
population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
communication disorder
drug administration
drug therapy
drug use
high risk population
hospital patient
institutional review
patient
prescription
prevalence
questionnaire
refusal to participate
safety
statistics
substance abuse
tobacco
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 505
TITLE
Aripiprazole: A review for efficacy in methamphetamine use comorbidities in
two psychiatric patient populations
AUTHOR NAMES
Brackins T.
Brahm N.C.
Kissack J.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brackins T.; Kissack J.C.) Pharmacy Practice, Harding University, College
of Pharmacy, United States.
(Brahm N.C.) Department of Pharmacy Practice: Clinical and Administrative
Services-Tulsa, University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Brackins, Pharmacy Practice, Harding University, College of Pharmacy,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (264). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Aripiprazole, a dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist, may
represent one option for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse and
dependence. It is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for psychomotor agitation secondary to bipolar disorder, adjunctive
therapy for acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder, adjunctive
therapy for major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia, with or without
psychomotor agitation. Because it has activity in dopamine and serotonin
systems, use as a treatment option to attenuate the cravings associated with
methamphetamine (METH) use has been investigated. To date, the results have
been inconclusive. This systematic review will focus on a review of the
literature and use of aripiprazole in the treatment of 2 psychiatric patient
populations, an inpatient and a community-based integrated multidisciplinary
program of assertive community treatment, to evaluate if the use of
psychiatric disorders was associated with changes in METH use/abuse and
dependence. Objective: The objective of this review is 2-fold: to analyze
the literature on the effects of aripiprazole as a treatment strategy for
METH abuse and dependence. This will include a brief overview of the
pharmacology of aripiprazole and how this may impact the neurophysiology of
substance abuse and a review of the mechanism of action of aripiprazole, as
it is currently understood, and how this might represent a treatment option
for METH use/abuse and dependence. The second focus will be on the value of
a psychiatric pharmacist addressing the needs of patients with substance
abuse issues. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted on
the use of aripiprazole as a treatment strategy for METH use/abuse and
dependence. Five articles meeting criteria for review were identified.
Findings from these studies were compared to retrospective chart reviews
from 2 psychiatric populations to determine if the use of aripiprazole was
associated with changes in METH use. Outcomes: We will report the findings
from a retrospective review of chart documentation following initiation of
aripiprazole for psychiatric disorders to assess if changes in METH were
reported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aripiprazole
methamphetamine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
dopamine
partial agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
mental patient
pharmacist
population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
bipolar disorder
bipolar I disorder
community
documentation
food and drug administration
group therapy
hospital patient
major depression
medical record review
mental disease
mixed mania and depression
neurophysiology
patient
pharmacology
restlessness
schizophrenia
serotoninergic system
substance abuse
systematic review
therapy
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 506
TITLE
The effects of subunit stoichiometry on channel responses to ligand exposure
in SH-EP1 cells expressing a4b2 neuronal nicotine receptors
AUTHOR NAMES
Stratton H.
Wu J.
Whiteaker P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stratton H.; Wu J.; Whiteaker P.) Division of Neurobiology, Barrow
Neurological Institute, Phoenix, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Stratton, Division of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute,
Phoenix, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (278). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are potent
neuromodulators implicated in a wide range of normal cognitive functions.
They also play critical roles in several neuropathologies including
Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and nicotine addiction. The a4b2
nAChR is ubiquitously expressed in the CNS and is the predominant
high-affinity nicotine-binding site. a4b2 nAChRs exist in 2 pentameric
isoforms, with (a4)2(b2)3 and (a4)3(b2)2 stoichiometries, and high- and
low-sensitivity (HS/LS) agonist activation affinities, respectively.
Objectives: (1) We will demonstrate differences in agonist potency and
efficacy between the isoforms when expressed in a model human SH-EP1 cell
line. (2) The expression characteristics of HS vs LS receptors will be
determined in single, mechanically dissociated, cortical and thalamic
mammalian neurons using isoform-selective agonists. Methods: Whole-cell
voltage clamp studies of SH-EP1 cells stably expressing homogenous
populations of HS and LS receptors will be performed to determine
differences in ligand activity. These experiments will be performed using a
variety of ligands, at a range of concentrations, to determine the
dose-response and desensitization kinetics of the receptor isoforms. The
ligands to be used include the agonists acetylcholine, nicotine, TC-2559,
A-85380, cytisine, and the antagonists mecamylamine and
dihydro-b-erythroidine. Thin (50 um) cortical and thalamic slices will be
collected from young male mice using a vibratome and enzymatically treated.
Small regions of the slice from the cortex or thalamus will be mechanically
agitated under high magnification to isolate single neurons. This
preparation is suitable because it preserves presynaptic boutons for
investigations of firing activity by modulation of native neurotransmitter.
The single neurons will be assessed using whole-cell voltage clamp under the
application of the above ligands to determine the functional contribution of
HS and LS isoforms. The a4b2 receptor function will be compared between the
cortex and the thalamus to establish a relationship between receptor
expression in these 2 regions. Outcomes: This project will provide new data
on the recently established a4b2 isoforms that can drive future
investigations of targeted pharmacological manipulation. These data will be
used to guide additional investigations exploring the effects of systemic
nicotine exposure on the expression of a4b2 receptors.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ligand
nicotinic receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3 (2 azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine
acetylcholine
cytisine
mecamylamine
neurotransmitter
nicotine
receptor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
exposure
human
pharmacist
stoichiometry
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agonist
Alzheimer disease
binding site
cell line
central nervous system
cognition
desensitization
dose response
kinetics
male
mammal
model
modulation
mouse
nerve cell
neuropathology
Parkinson disease
population
thalamus
tobacco dependence
voltage clamp technique
whole cell
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 507
TITLE
Antipsychotic medications and the development of pneumonia in persons
diagnosed with schizophrenia
AUTHOR NAMES
Andrews M.G.
Brahm N.C.
Washington N.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Andrews M.G.; Brahm N.C.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of
Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, United States.
(Washington N.B.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma, College
of Medicine, Tulsa, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.G. Andrews, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Oklahoma,
College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (251). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Studies associating the development of community-acquired pneumonia
in patients with schizophrenia who treated with antipsychotic agents are
limited. Five studies addressed the association between pneumonia and
schizophrenia. Four of these studied the use of antipsychotic agents and the
development of pneumonia with mixed results. The fifth examined the
difference in clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia when compared
to those without the disease. This study was designed to determine if the
use of antipsychotic agents in patients with schizophrenia is associated
with the subsequent development of pneumonia. Methods: Electronic medical
records for patients enrolled in the university-based assertive community
treatment (ACT) program from 2005 to 2009, with a diagnosis of schizophrenia
were reviewed using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and
Related Health Problems (ICD) codes and manually for medical interventions
associated with upper respiratory infections and related sequelae. This
project was approved by the university institutional review board. Results:
Of the 73 patients enrolled in the program for the review period, 30 met the
criteria for review. Twenty-three of our study patients were male and 7 were
female. Patients that were reviewed had birth years ranging from 1940 to
1988. Nine patients had a diagnosis of some potential for compromised lung
function, such as nicotine abuse or dependence, cannabis abuse, smoking or
tobacco abuse. Of the 30 patients that were reviewed, none developed an
upper respiratory infection. Conclusions and Future Directions: In the
population reviewed, a diagnosis of schizophrenia was not associated with
the development of an upper respiratory infection including development of
pneumonia. This could be due to the fact that this population is seen
frequently in the ACT program, so that any type of infection was detected
early and treated before problems arose. A number of limitations were
identified. Larger studies and sample sizes are needed before the lack of
association can be made. This study also highlights some of the benefits of
the ACT program, such as frequent evaluation and treatment of psychiatric
symptoms and prevention and early detection of illness in the schizophrenic
population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
human
pharmacist
pneumonia
schizophrenia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cannabis addiction
classification
community acquired pneumonia
diagnosis
diseases
electronic medical record
female
general aspects of disease
group therapy
health
infection
institutional review
lung function
male
mental disease
patient
population
prevention
sample size
smoking
tobacco dependence
university
upper respiratory tract infection
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 508
TITLE
Disaster impact on the psychiatric patient: A preparedness toolkit
AUTHOR NAMES
Price S.A.
Brahm N.C.
Yeager L.L.
Puls C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Price S.A.; Brahm N.C.) Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences,
University of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, United States.
(Yeager L.L.) School of Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma, College
of Medicine, Tulsa, United States.
(Puls C.M.) Psychiatrist, Private Practice, Tulsa, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.A. Price, Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, University
of Oklahoma, College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (282). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: In the aftermath of a disaster, health care workers may find
access to usual resources, including medications and patient information,
are no longer available. Based on one practitioner's experience with a
Hurricane Katrina triage center, a disaster preparedness toolkit to address
the needs of persons with mental illnesses was developed for use as a
component of disaster preparedness by mental health professionals to address
the needs of this special population following activation of disaster plan.
Description of Innovative Service: Research on disaster preparedness for
chronically mentally ill disaster survivors offers limited models for
guidance on intervention strategies for this patient population. This
toolkit was developed to provide a model for integrating pharmacy services
into disaster preparedness. As a component of preparedness, the clinical
pharmacist can help identify rates and types of mental illness in the
affected area and secure appropriate medications for adequate care of these
patients, develop plans for rapid importation of medications from outside
the disaster area, and/or access medications stockpiled for such an event,
develop protocols to prevent diversion, and ensure expired medications are
replaced regularly and not included in the active inventory. Impact on
Patient Care: The psychiatric pharmacist is trained to meet the needs of
this patient with mental health concerns in a wide variety of settings.
Interdisciplinary collaboration may include the pharmacist screening and
counseling people with mental illnesses or substance abuse problems.
Depending on the setting, the psychiatric pharmacist may work
collaboratively with the physician to prescribe, monitor, and adjust
pharmacotherapy regimens. They are also able to provide support with
medication monitoring and distribution functions. Conclusion: The importance
of advanced planning cannot be overestimated. Following a disaster, the
availability of and access to mental health care may be limited. It is,
therefore, important for institutions to have a response plan and protocols
for addressing the needs of the mental health patient population both during
and after a disaster. This model may serve as the starting point for
clinicians in the development of a disaster preparedness plan to help meet
the needs of this population.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
mental patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
counseling
drug monitoring
drug therapy
emergency health service
health care personnel
health practitioner
hospital department
hurricane
mental disease
mental health
mental health care
model
patient
patient care
patient information
physician
planning
population
screening
substance abuse
survivor
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 509
TITLE
Treatment of schizophrenia and comorbid diphenhydramine dependence with
clozapine: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Grgas M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grgas M.) Department of Veterans Affairs, White River Junction, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Grgas, Department of Veterans Affairs, White River Junction, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (249-250). Date of Publication:
April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine medication, is used for
allergic reactions and can be found in sleep-promoting products. At high
doses, it can cause paradoxical insomnia, agitation, and hallucinations.
Diphenhydramine has a high abuse potential, hypothesized to mimic cocaine in
the brain. Patients with psychotic disorders are at higher risk of abusing
substances, including diphenhydramine and alcohol. Studies have shown that
clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic, may help decrease the abuse of
substances in patients with psychotic disorders. Patient History: The
patient is a 33-year-old male with a history of schizophrenia, alcohol
abuse, and diphenhydramine dependence. He started using diphenhydramine as a
way to elevate his mood, finding antidepressants ineffective in this manner.
Over a period of 10 years, he increased his diphenhydramine intake to 1350
mg daily. He also reported drinking up to 2 bottles of wine each day. His
antipsychotic treatment trials included olanzapine 25 mg/d and risperidone 3
mg/d. Treatment was discontinued secondary to intolerance. He was started on
aripiprazole and dose was increased to 20 mg/d. In addition, benztropine was
started to treat involuntary movements and potentially replace
diphenhydramine. Patient continued to use diphenhydramine after several
weeks of treatment and appeared to be responding to internal stimuli. At
that time, decision was made to initiate clozapine treatment in addition to
aripiprazole to address the psychotic symptoms. Patient was started on
clozapine as an outpatient at 50 mg/d and increased monthly by 50 mg.
Patient achieved a therapeutic level at 350 mg/d. Once stabilized at a
therapeutic dose of 350 mg/d, patient discontinued using diphenhydramine and
alcohol. No withdrawal symptoms were present. Patient continues to deny
using and craving diphenhydramine. Review of Literature: To date, there are
no placebo-controlled, double-blind trials, nor case reports examining the
effects of clozapine on diphenhydramine use. There are two published cases
of clozapine treatment for dimenhydrinate abuse, an antihistamine similar to
diphenhydramine. Conclusion: Clozapine may be a viable treatment option for
patients with schizophrenia and comorbid diphenhydramine dependence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clozapine
diphenhydramine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
antidepressant agent
antihistaminic agent
aripiprazole
atypical antipsychotic agent
benzatropine
cocaine
dimenhydrinate
olanzapine
placebo
risperidone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
human
pharmacist
schizophrenia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
agitation
alcohol abuse
allergic reaction
brain
double blind procedure
drinking
drug megadose
drug therapy
hallucination
insomnia
involuntary movement
male
medical history
mood
outpatient
patient
psychosis
risk
sleep
stimulus
wine
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 510
TITLE
The efficacy of melatonin for the treatment of sleep disturbances on a
psychosocial care unit
AUTHOR NAMES
Peterson J.
Dress J.
Thomas C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Peterson J.; Dress J.; Thomas C.) Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical
Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Peterson, Chillicothe Veterans Affairs Medical Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (279). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Sleep disturbances are prevalent in patients with mental
illness, including patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
However, there is limited research that explores the physiological cause of
sleep disturbances in PTSD patients. One recent study found a significant
negative correlation between excretion of 6-sulphatoxy melatonin, a urinary
melatonin metabolite, and clinical indicators of PTSD. These findings
suggest that there is a potential deficiency of melatonin in PTSD patients,
which could help account for comorbid sleep disturbances. The present study
explores whether there is a melatonin deficiency in PTSD patients that could
be alleviated by treatment with a melatonin supplement. Objective: To study
the efficacy of melatonin in PTSD patients with sleep disturbances on a
psychosocial care unit. Methods: The study design is a retrospective cohort
analysis of patients on a psychosocial care unit, the Psychosocial
Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Program (PRRTP) at the Chillicothe
Veterans Affairs Medical Center. This study is one part of a combined
research project that evaluates the efficacy of melatonin in patients with
sleep disturbances in 2 psychiatric populations, patients with PTSD and
patients with substance-related disorders. Patients admitted to PRRTP will
be reviewed to identify those who have completed a baseline and follow-up
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) survey. For patients who meet this
criterion, electronic medical records will then be reviewed to identify
patients who have a history of PTSD and/or melatonin use. The treatment
group will consist of patients with PTSD who received melatonin, and the
control group will consist of patients who did not receive melatonin during
admission to PRRTP. The primary outcome will be change in PSQI score from
baseline to follow-up time points. In order to determine if melatonin is
efficacious in the treatment of sleep disturbances, the primary outcome will
be compared in the treatment and control groups using the Mann-Whitney U
statistical test. Outcomes: We will report baseline characteristics of the
participants, including any differences between the treatment and control
groups. We will also report whether change in PSQI score from baseline to
follow-up time points are statistically different between PTSD patients who
received melatonin and control patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
melatonin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
pharmacist
psychosocial care
sleep disorder
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
clinical indicator
cohort analysis
control group
electronic medical record
excretion
follow up
mental disease
metabolite
patient
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index
population
posttraumatic stress disorder
rehabilitation
study design
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 511
TITLE
Assessment of prophylactic clozapine levels in stable outpatients with
schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Wilborn C.
Perry P.
Popish S.
Chou T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wilborn C.; Perry P.; Popish S.; Chou T.) Touro University California,
College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Wilborn, Touro University California, College of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (265). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: While schizophrenia affects an estimated 1% of the population,
its treatment consumes approximately 2.5% of annual health care
expenditures. Hospitalization of schizophrenic patients is often due to
ineffectiveness of or noncompliance with pharmacological treatment.
Clozapine is generally considered the most effective antipsychotic
medication, but its use is limited due to the potential for serious side
effects such as agranulocytosis, weight gain, seizures, and metabolic
disturbances. The metabolism of clozapine is affected by individual patient
factors, including ethnicity, smoking, and concomitant medications that
induce or inhibit cytochrome P450 1A2. Widely variable plasma clozapine
concentrations may lead to treatment failure or toxicity. These
complications may be avoided if validated clozapine plasma concentrations
were established and implemented in the stable outpatient population. This
study will compare clozapine blood levels attained in a stable, outpatient
population to individual response measured by a validated psychiatric rating
scale. Objectives: (1) Examine the clozapine doses and blood levels attained
from stable outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, and
(2) Evaluate the correlation between these levels and Brief Psychiatric
Rating Scale (BPRS) scores. Methods: Participants will be recruited from a
private psychiatric practice in Sacramento, CA, and the Marin County Mental
Health system in Marin County, CA. Subjects will be eligible if they have a
diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and are currently
taking clozapine. Patients must have been on a stable dose of clozapine for
at least 10 days. Patient data collected will include age, sex, race,
weight, smoking status, substance abuse history, comorbidities, and
medication profile. The BPRS will be used to assess patient response to
clozapine therapy. For objective 1: A chi-square test will be used to
compare categorical variables. An ANOVA will be used for categorical
comparisons of normally distributed continuous variables. For objective 2: A
correlation coefficient will be used to compare 2 sets of continuous
variables. Outcomes: We will report average clozapine dose and clozapine
blood levels. These will be related to BPRS scores and patient demographics
in order to provide a therapeutic range of clozapine plasma levels in stable
outpatients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clozapine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cytochrome
cytochrome P450
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
outpatient
pharmacist
schizoaffective psychosis
schizophrenia
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agranulocytosis
analysis of variance
blood level
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
chi square test
correlation coefficient
diagnosis
drug therapy
ethnicity
health care
health care cost
hospitalization
mental health
metabolic disorder
metabolism
patient
patient coding
plasma
population
psychological rating scale
seizure
side effect
smoking
substance abuse
therapy
toxicity
treatment failure
weight
weight gain
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 512
TITLE
Identifying the needs of liver-transplant patients concerning therapeutic
education
AUTHOR NAMES
Feutrier C.
Pasquier F.
Charpiat B.
Ducerf C.
Bailly F.
Leboucher G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Feutrier C.; Pasquier F.; Charpiat B.; Leboucher G.) Department of
Pharmacy, France.
(Ducerf C.) Department of Surgery, France.
(Bailly F.) Department of Digestive Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon,
France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Feutrier, Department of Pharmacy, France.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:2 (303). Date of
Publication: April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
39th ESCP European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy and 13th SFPC Congress:
Clinical Pharmacy at the Front Line of Innovations
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Lyon, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-21 to 2010-10-23
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Since March 1999, a pharmaceutical therapeutic education
consultation has been held to liver-transplant patients (35 patients/year)
within our hospital. Educational and communication techniques based on
Calgary- Cambridge interview are used. However, given the complexity of the
situation of these patients, educational care cannot be limited to
pharmaceutical competences. The aim of our work was to identify educational
fields mentioned by patients. Materials & Methods A semi-structured
interview was proposed to pre and post-transplanted patients during a
hospital stay or a consultation in the hepatology or surgery departments.
Open questions were related to their real-life experiences through the
health system since the announcement of the transplantation project. 40
Questions related to the disease, transplant, treatments and daily life
allows us to specify their needs. Patients answered on a four levels
appreciation scale (fully, rather, not really, not at all). Results 14
patients (average age: 53) interviewed. 86% transplanted. 93% Declared their
satisfaction by the overall care they get. 43% Told that it is or was hard
to consider the transplantation plan (risk of death, complications,
addiction). Among the transplant patients 92% mentioned their
immunosuppressant treatment (75% named the drugs). 50% Expressed that they
didn't know how to cope with side effects and 57% would like to have more
knowledge. 70% declared their will to deepen their knowledge of the disease,
36% the transplant (informed consent, potential adverse events). During the
pre-transplant period, these needs are rather of practical order (welfare
payments) or involved knowledge of the disease and future treatments.
Patients who have been transplanted for less than 3 months express their
difficulties dealing with the side effects of drugs, the lack of
psychological support... The other patients evoked their difficulties to
overcome the posttransplant complications from which they didn't receive
sufficient information. The families also expressed their need to be
accompanied by attending talking groups. 79% would like to benefit from
therapeutic education consultation. Discussion & Conclusion This work
highlights that educational needs are still different and strongly related
to the patient status regarding the pre- or post-transplantation phase. The
possibility to have a privileged interlocutor among the therapeutic
educational team seems to be important. This work allowed us to create a
framework of skills truly based on patients' needs. Keeping in mind the
necessity of coordinating the discourse within professionals, we now have to
define the needs required to implement an extension of the initial education
program (nature and amount of health care professional resources, training,
tools and evaluation).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
immunosuppressive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
education
human
liver graft
patient
patient education
quality of life
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
competence
consultation
death
education program
health care
health care personnel
hospital
hospitalization
informed consent
interpersonal communication
interview
personal experience
risk
satisfaction
semi structured interview
side effect
skill
surgery
transplantation
welfare
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9481-6
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 513
TITLE
Stabilisation of W/O/W nanoemulsions through the use of stabilising agents
poly(vinyl alcohol) and nonionic surfactants tween 20 and Span 80
AUTHOR NAMES
Craythorne N.L.
Irwin N.
McCarron P.A.
Faheem A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Craythorne N.L.; Irwin N.; McCarron P.A.; Faheem A.M.) Department of
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Biomedical Science,
University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.L. Craythorne, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, School
of Biomedical Science, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2011) 14:3 (216s-217s).
Date of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
33rd All-Ireland Schools of Pharmacy Research Seminar
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-04-18 to 2011-04-19
ISSN
1482-1826
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences
ABSTRACT
The formulation of an orally administered peptide drug has been a coveted
and elusive design. It was first suggested by Engel et al. in 1968 using the
water-in-oil-in-water(W/O/W) emulsion technique employed by Herbert in the
development of an antigen adjuvant (1,2). Employing biodegradable polymers
as encapsulants allows for shielding of the drug whilst protecting it from
the harmful proteases found in the gastrointestinal tract. Emulsions in the
nanoscale range are considerably more beneficial than microemulsions as they
have the ability to cross tight junctions into cells which had not
previously been accessible. The development of such an emulsion has been
hampered in part by the inability to produce and maintain a nanoemulsion
that can withstand the changes required to produce a stable drug with a
relatively long shelf life under standard conditions. Often is the case that
large sedimentary particles are formed, a potentially fatal problem for
intravenously delivered drugs and for oral drugs a problem that would
effectively prevent the therapeutic agent from reaching its desired target
(3). Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and non-ionic surfactants were utilised in
order to stabilise the nanoemulsion thereby reducing the particle size and
decrease particle sedimentation by increasing Brownian forces within the
emulsion. A primary emulsion was formed through homogenisation of the
internal aqueous phase containing ovalbumin, as a model protein, dissolved
in varying concentrations of Tween 20 and the oil phase containing PLGA
dissolved in varying concentrations of Span 80 using dichloromethane as the
dissolution media. A 2% protein load was observed with a phase ratio volume
being 1:4. The primary emulsion underwent homogenisation with 1.25% PVA to
form the final w/o/w emulsion. Solvent extraction followed A similar
experiment was conducted without the use of surfactants with the internal
phase being replaced by varying concentrations of PVA (0-5% wt) and the oil
phase being dichloromethane alone. All other factors remained the same. It
was found that increasing the concentration of Tween 20 at constant
concentrations of Span 80 had a positive effect on reducing particle size
when compared to PVA. Furthermore, by increasing the concentration of Span
80 a further particle size reduction was observed. This suggests that a
reduction in particle size, whilst more dependent on Span concentration, is
dictated by both Span 80 and Tween 20. The Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance
(HLB) achieved was similar to that reached by Khoee and Yaghoobian
suggesting that it is the increase in hydrophobicity and Critical Packing
Parameter (CPP) that resulted in decreased particle size(4).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nonionic surfactant
polysorbate 20
polyvinyl alcohol
sorbitan oleate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adjuvant
antigen
dichloromethane
ionic surfactant
ovalbumin
peptide
polymer
protein
proteinase
surfactant
water
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Ireland
pharmacy
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
dissolution
emulsion
gastrointestinal tract
hydrophobicity
model
nanoemulsion
particle size
sedimentation
shelf life
solvent extraction
tight junction
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 514
TITLE
Pediatricians' treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive
disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Pfalzgraf A.
Scott V.
Makela G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pfalzgraf A.) Duquesne University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
(Scott V.) West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
(Makela G.) Asheville VA Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Pfalzgraf, Duquesne University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (255). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents is a
serious psychiatric problem and is often treated with antidepressants. MDD
impacts approximately 2% of children and 4%-8% of the adolescents in the
United States. MDD is associated with serious risk factors including drug
and alcohol abuse, impairment in overall functioning, and suicide. Given
there are serious consequences associated with MDD, treatment of children
and adolescents with this disorder becomes crucial. Unfortunately, there is
a shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists to treat these patients.
This study investigated pediatricians' role in treating children and
adolescents with MDD after the 2004 US FDA “black box” warning on
antidepressants. Methods: A survey was mailed to a national random sample of
pediatricians (n = 2000). Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze
the data. Results: A usable response rate of 408 (22.9%) was received. A
majority of pediatricians (245, 60.0%) do not treat either children or
adolescents with MDD. Forty-eight (11.8%) pediatricians treat only
adolescents with MDD, while no pediatricians treat only children with MDD.
The decisions to treat or refer were not mutually exclusive, indicating that
some pediatricians attempt to treat before referring patients to another
health care provider. The majority of pediatricians (341, 84.6%) indicated
they refer both children and adolescents to another health care provider for
the treatment of MDD. The most commonly cited health care provider to which
pediatricians refer these patients are psychiatrists. Conclusions and Future
Directions: Pediatricians reported an unwillingness to treat children and
adolescents with MDD, indicating a majority of pediatricians do not treat
these patients. This hesitation on the part of pediatricians to treat may be
due to the 2004 black box warning. This may be problematic in light of the
shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists and suggests a lack of
qualified physicians to prescribe antidepressants to children and
adolescents with MDD. This, however, presents an opportunity for psychiatric
pharmacists to educate pediatricians on drug therapy recommendations for MDD
in children and adolescents. The rationale for pediatricians' hesitation to
treat these patients was not explored in the current study and may be
investigated in future research.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adolescent
child
college
human
major depression
pediatrician
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol abuse
diseases
drug therapy
food and drug administration
health care personnel
only child
patient
physician
psychiatrist
random sample
risk factor
statistics
suicide
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 515
TITLE
Frequency and type of interventions aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk in
mental health patients in an urban teaching hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Kiang T.K.L.
Bains A.
Feeney S.
Legal M.
Lagnado G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kiang T.K.L.; Bains A.; Feeney S.; Legal M.; Lagnado G.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.K.L. Kiang,
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (253). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background/Purpose: Mental health patients have an increased risk of
cardiovascular disease (CVD). Unfortunately, drugs commonly prescribed in
this setting (ie, atypical antipsychotics or mood stabilizers) can further
elevate the risk. Although recommended as a part of the routine workup,
metabolic monitoring is infrequently done. As well, little is known of the
interventions commonly implemented in this patient population to reduce the
CVD risk. Endpoints: (i) To characterize the frequency and type of nondrug
and drug interventions used to manage CVD risk, (ii) to determine the rate
of baseline metabolic monitoring, and (iii) to identify commonly missed
pharmacotherapy. Methods: Mental health patients 18 years or older, admitted
between July 2008 and October 2009 to psychiatric units in a tertiary,
teaching hospital and prescribed regularly scheduled atypical antipsychotics
or mood stabilizers were included. Patients were excluded if they were
discharged within 3 days of hospital stay. Health records for these
individuals were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A high proportion (77%)
received interventions to reduce their CVD risk, and nonpharmacological
interventions (68%) were more common than pharmacological interventions
(41%). The most common nonpharmacological interventions were professional
consultation, metabolic monitoring, and recommendation provided at time of
discharge. Pharmacotherapy directed toward the management of hypertension,
diabetes, and dyslipidemia were the frequent pharmacological interventions.
Only 40% of the study population received baseline metabolic monitoring.
Equally alarming is the large proportion (57%) of the study population that
would benefit from additional pharmacotherapy. When categorized by drug or
drug class, the commonly missed interventions were statin, smoking
cessation, and antihypertensive therapies. Conclusions: A high proportion of
the study population received interventions aimed at reducing CVD risk.
There are opportunities for additional interventions to reduce CVD risk: (i)
streamlined metabolic monitoring, (ii) routine smoking cessation counseling
and drug therapy, (iii) enhanced prescribing of statins, ASA, and
antihypertensive agents where indicated. Recommendations: • implementation
of a comprehensive metabolic monitoring process • increased participation by
pharmacy and medicine in metabolic clinics • enhanced metabolic and smoking
cessation counseling • increased vigilance for drug-related problems and
possible interventions (statin, antihypertensive, smoking cessation, or
antiplatelet therapy).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihypertensive agent
atypical antipsychotic agent
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor
mood stabilizer
statin (protein)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cardiovascular risk
college
human
mental health
patient
pharmacist
teaching hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alertness
antihypertensive therapy
cardiovascular disease
consultation
counseling
diabetes mellitus
drug therapy
dyslipidemia
health
hospital
hospitalization
hypertension
monitoring
pharmacy
population
psychiatric department
risk
smoking cessation
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 516
TITLE
Opiate use for chronic nonmalignant pain
AUTHOR NAMES
Englett B.M.
Botts S.
Talbert J.
Lane M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Englett B.M.; Botts S.; Lane M.) Department of Pharmacy, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, United States.
(Botts S.; Talbert J.; Lane M.) Institute of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and
Policy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.M. Englett, Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2011) 24:2 (255). Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phoenix, AZ, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-01 to 2011-05-04
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Sage Publications
ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic nonmalignant pain has many treatment options:
nonpharmacological and nonopioid and opioid analgesics. Appalachia is a
rural, economically distressed region that experiences poorer health
outcomes than other regions. Opiate diversion and abuse is a significant
problem in Appalachian Kentucky. Opiates are generally reserved as
second-line treatment options, in part due to these concerns. Objective:
Determine the extent of opiate use in several chronic nonmalignant pain
conditions in adult Medicaid beneficiaries and identify variables associated
with increased opiate use. Methods: This study was a retrospective,
observational analysis of opiate use in chronic nonmalignant pain using a
Medicaid claims database. Inclusion criteria were over 18 years of age;
chronic pain condition (eg, osteoarthritis, low back pain, migraine, or
neuropathy) diagnosed between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2008;
resident of 1e of 37 Kentucky Appalachian counties; and at least 11
continuous months of Medicaid eligibility. Patients diagnosed with
malignancy or fibromyalgia were excluded. Opiate use was defined as a
minimum of a 90-day supply over a 12-month period. Frequency of opiate use
was calculated by pain condition. The effect of covariates (age, gender,
race, pain diagnosis, and nonopiate medication use) was analyzed using
logistic regression. Results: A total of 55 664 Medicaid beneficiaries were
included in this study. The population was predominately female (62%), white
(87%), and fell within the following age categories: 18-44 years (27%),
45-65 years (40%), and >65 years (33%). Sixty-four percent of the population
had a diagnosis of low back pain, 46% osteoarthritis, 17% chronic migraine,
and 2% neuropathic pain. The majority of subjects were prescribed opiate
medications (low back pain, 72%; osteoarthritis, 64%; chronic migraine, 80%;
and neuropathic pain, 67%), regardless of diagnosis. Age and diagnosis
increased the likelihood of receiving opiate medication. Younger adults aged
18-44 were more likely to receive opiate therapy than those aged 45-65 (OR =
1.68, P < .0001) and those aged >65 (OR = 3.06, P < .0001). Beneficiaries
diagnosed with low back pain are 4.8 times more likely to be prescribed an
opiate (P < .0001) than those with other chronic pain diagnoses. Conclusion:
Opiates appear to be the predominant medication used in the treatment of
chronic nonmalignant pain conditions.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
narcotic analgesic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
human
pain
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adult
chronic pain
data base
diagnosis
drug therapy
female
fibromyalgia
gender
health
logistic regression analysis
low back pain
medicaid
migraine
neuropathic pain
neuropathy
osteoarthritis
patient
population
therapy
transformed migraine
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190011403437
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 517
TITLE
Studies in the synthesis and impurity profiling of the precursors of the
amphetamine known as bromo-dragonfly
AUTHOR NAMES
O'Connor R.
Keating J.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(O'Connor R.; Keating J.J.) Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy,
University College, Cork, Ireland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. O'Connor, Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University
College, Cork, Ireland.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2011) 14:3 (212s). Date of
Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
33rd All-Ireland Schools of Pharmacy Research Seminar
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dublin, Ireland
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-04-18 to 2011-04-19
ISSN
1482-1826
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences
ABSTRACT
Designer alpha-methylphenethylamine drugs of abuse sold on the illicit
market can contain high levels of unwanted impurities inherent from the
manufacturing process employed by underground laboratories, which rarely
incorporates any degree of quality control. Each particular chemical route
produces a unique set of impurities known as route-specific markers. These
impurities or chemical signatures are of particular interest to the forensic
chemist as they can be used as a tool to determine the synthetic protocol.
Impurity profiling is used to generate this chemical fingerprint, providing
useful information to the drug enforcement agencies, enabling them to
monitor underground drug manufacturing and detect and shutdown illegal
laboratories. Impurity profiling also facilitates the identification of
potentially harmful impurities in drugs. The work described in this research
talk focuses on the synthetic steps leading to the Leuckart synthesis of
1-(8-bromobenzo[1,2-b;4,5- b']difuran-4-yl)-2-aminopropane 1 (Bromo-
DragonFLY) and the impurity profiling of its precursors. The synthesis of
the key precursor 1- (2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']difuran-4-
yl)propan-2-one 2 was adapted from work carried out by Keating (1) and from
the literature by Chambers et al.(2) and Monte et al.(3). This investigation
involved a detailed analysis of the chemical route employed for potential
impurities and possible synthetic deviations. (Graph Presented).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetone
marker
propylamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Ireland
pharmacy
precursor
school
synthesis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
drug manufacture
finger dermatoglyphics
laboratory
market
quality control
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 518
TITLE
Awareness regarding doping among students: A survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Yadav V.
Monika
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yadav V.; Monika) PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Yadav, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (2011) 55:5 SUPPL. 1
(184-185). Date of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
57th Annual Conference of Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists
of India
CONFERENCE LOCATION
New Delhi, India
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-12-13 to 2011-12-17
ISSN
0019-5499
BOOK PUBLISHER
Association of Physiologists and Pharmacologists of India
ABSTRACT
Objective: To find out awareness regarding doping among pharmacy students.
Method: A prospective survey was conducted in the department of pharmacy, Pt
B.D.sharma University of Health Sciences Rohtak using a structured
questionnaire (1-12) regarding what is doping ? Name the drugs used for
doping, what are the samples send for testing? What punishment is given if
player found positive? What is WADA & No-needle policy for U.S Olympic
committee etc and results were analyzed. Results: A total of 120
undergraduate students were included. Most of (55.7%) students knew about
doping. 40% students had no knowledge about the types of doping. Out of 120
students 55% were unaware about the doping tests. 66.8% students had
knowledge regarding the health hazards of using drugs for doping. Majority
of students (70%) knew regarding the games in which drugs are taken by the
players. However 60% students had no knowledge about the positive cases
detected in India. About 60% students had knowledge regarding punishment, if
found positive for doping test. However, 30% students did not know the full
form of WADA. Majority (70%) students had knowledge about the no-needle
policy for 2012 London Olympics. Conclusion: Most of the students have
awareness regarding doping.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doping
human
India
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
health hazard
health science
needle
pharmacy
pharmacy student
policy
punishment
structured questionnaire
undergraduate student
United Kingdom
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 519
TITLE
How to get doctors addicted to adverse drug reaction notification?
AUTHOR NAMES
Beausir A.
Duvauchelle B.
Gras V.
Huges D.
Henry J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Beausir A.; Duvauchelle B.; Gras V.; Huges D.; Henry J.) Centre Hospitalier
Abbeville, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Beausir, Centre Hospitalier Abbeville, France.
SOURCE
Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology (2011) 25 SUPPL. 1 (54). Date of
Publication: April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
15th Annual Meeting of the French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
the 78th Annual Meeting of the Society of Physiology, the 32nd
Pharmacovigilance Meeting, the 12th APNET Seminar and the 9th CHU CIC
Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Grenoble, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-03-22 to 2011-03-24
ISSN
0767-3981
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Health professionals have still many difficulties in declaring potential
drug side effects. The main reasons are the lack of time and the procedures
of declaration which are still widely unknown. Since 2008, the Pharmacy of
our hospital has introduced a real policy to increase doctors awareness of
the problem so that it complies with the government's legal recommendations
of March 29th 2004, regarding the setting up of a risk management program.
The aim is eventually a better autonomy of the prescribers and an increase
in the declaration number. Both a pharmacist and a doctor have been
appointed as supervising professionals for pharmacovigilance monitoring.
However the pharmacist must be the first person to be informed, in order to
concentrate the activity. Since 2008, each nonresident pharmacy student has
been sent in a department to follow the daily visit of the doctor and to
help him to save time by filling the Cerfa form as soon as it was necessary.
When the students don't work, prescribers are invited to call the
supervising professional directly. The arrival of a resident pharmacy
student from May to November 2010 enabled the writing of a simplified
declaration of adverse drug reaction, accepted by the management risk
committee of the hospital, and available on the intranet. This policy has
borne fruit: 9 declarations were sent in 2008 to the Pharmacovigilance
Regional Center, 17 in 2009, and 30 from January to November 2010, which
represents an increase of 233% over 2 years. We observe a diversification in
the declaring services: 3 in 2008, 7 different in 2009 and 10 in 2010. Among
the 19 declarations registered from May to November 2010, 47% were signaled
to the supervising professionals or the resident student by phone, 32%
thanks to the former or the simplified form and 21% by the non-resident
students. None has been declared via intranet. Mentality change is
progressively appearing in the hospital. Doctors realize more and more the
importance of the declaration of drug side effects. Nevertheless we must
actively continue to inform doctors, help people when they have to fill a
declaration and rally the whole pharmacy staff: resident and non-resident
students, pharmacists. Each actor plays a great role to contribute to
patient's safety.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug surveillance program
human
pharmacology
physician
physiology
society
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
fruit
government
health practitioner
hospital
intranet
monitoring
patient safety
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy student
policy
procedures
risk
risk management
student
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.00930.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 520
TITLE
Outcome of clinical pharmacology and pharmacy project in Cairo University
Hospitals: The magnitude of drug-related problems in the critical care units
AUTHOR NAMES
Bazan N.
Saber-Ayad M.
Youssry M.
Osman M.
El Naggar A.R.
Zaki M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bazan N.) Department of Critical Care, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
(Saber-Ayad M.) Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, University of
Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
(Saber-Ayad M.; Youssry M.; Osman M.; El Naggar A.R.; Zaki M.) Department of
Pharmacology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Bazan, Department of Critical Care, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:2 (297-298). Date of
Publication: April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
39th ESCP European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy and 13th SFPC Congress:
Clinical Pharmacy at the Front Line of Innovations
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Lyon, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-21 to 2010-10-23
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Clinical Pharmacy has been recently introduced in the
curricular content of pharmacy colleges in Egypt. In view of the increased
awareness of drug-related problems (DRPs), a project started in Cairo
University Hospitals in 2008 with the main objective of short-term training
of working pharmacists/clinical pharmacologists on prescription auditing
under support of evidence-based Medicine (EBM). The project is a joint work
between the College of Pharmacy and Medicine with the ultimate goal of
optimizing drug therapy and minimizing DRPs. We started in the Critical Care
Departments, where DRPs are usually life-threatening; hence the great impact
on the clinical practice of the overloaded physicians. Here, we present the
magnitude of the problem as was detected by the newly trained clinical
pharmacists and pharmacologists in a 6-month period. Materials & Methods
Data were collected from patients' medical files. The DRPs identified in
each In-hospital drug chart were written in standardized auditing sheets. A
number of EBM resources (e.g. BNF, Micro-medex, Up-to-date, Cochrane) were
used to identify DRPs. The process was carried out by the trained
demonstrators of pharmacology and the pharmacists of the Critical Care
Departments. The notes taken by the team members were discussed
instantaneously with the physicians. Frequently encountered and serious DRPs
were also discussed at a higher level. The impact of the project on
improving clinical practice in critical care units will be further studied
and compared with similar studies and projects.1 Results Out of 800
in-hospital drug charts revised in the initial phase, 40 charts showed at
least one DRP (5%). Patients with DRP aged 54.5 ± 17.7 years (14 females, 23
with cardiac disease). The hospital stay ranged from 3-40 days (mean: 9.8 ±
7 days with 50% of the patients stayed for0,05). The pharmaceutical care improved patients' knowledge
about disease. Pharmacists from study group, who provided pharmaceutical
care, had higher level of pharmacotherapy knowledge and professional
satisfaction than the control group. Conclusion: Implementation of
pharmaceutical care into the pharmacy practice benefits both, patients and
pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypertension
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
blood pressure
blood pressure measurement
controlled study
counseling
drug industry
drug monitoring
female
health education
health service
human
major clinical study
male
pharmacist
professional practice
quality of life
questionnaire
satisfaction
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English, Spanish
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011343618
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 523
TITLE
Disagreements between claims data and patient reports from medication
therapy management interviews when identifying medication-related problems
AUTHOR NAMES
Yang T.
Stevens S.
Segal R.
Wolf A.L.
Lannigan J.P.
Sessions P.A.
Angaran D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yang T., syang@cop.ufl.edu; Stevens S.; Segal R.; Wolf A.L.; Lannigan J.P.;
Sessions P.A.; Angaran D.) University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, 2124
NE Waldo Rd., Gainesville, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Yang, University of Florida, College of Pharmacy, 2124 NE Waldo Rd.,
Gainesville, United States. Email: syang@cop.ufl.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2011) 17:3 (245). Date of Publication:
April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
23rd Annual Meeting and Showcase of the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy,
AMCP 2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Minneapolis, MN, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-04-27 to 2011-04-29
ISSN
1083-4087
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP)
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The University of Florida College of Pharmacy MTM Call Center
provides telephonic medication therapy management (MTM) for members enrolled
in a Medicare Part D plan and qualified for the MTM program. Enrollment
criteria for MTM are 8 or more Part D covered chronic medications, 3 or more
chronic diseases, and high annual drug costs. Before each MTM interview,
diagnosis codes provided by Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services and
prescription claims submitted within 120 days prior to the interview were
used to identify medicationrelated problems. During the interview, the
pre-identified problems are evaluated with the patient, and new information
relevant to patient's health condition and medication usage are collected.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a telephonic patient interview improves upon
the accuracy of using claims data alone in identifying medication-related
problems. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 100 medication
reviews that were conducted during June and July 2010. The following
categories of medication problems were investigated: drug-drug interaction,
drug-disease interaction, drug-age interaction, adherence, therapy
duplications, suboptimal treatment, and medication use without a clear
indication based on diagnosis code. RESULTS: The sample included both
subjects older than 65 and younger than 65 who met Medicare eligibility due
to a qualifying disability; many were dual eligible for Medicare and
Medicaid. Overall, 921 medication- related problems were identified from the
examination of claims data before the interview, and after the interview 266
(28.9%) problems were confirmed based on the patient interviews (see table).
The change in the number of problems is statistically significant (P <
0.001, using paired t test) for all categories of medication-related
problems; 36 new problems were identified during the interview, and the most
common newly discovered problems were adherence-related issues. CONCLUSIONS:
Results from the evaluation indicate the insufficiency of (Table Presented)
identifying medication-related problems based on prescription claims and
diagnosis codes alone, and telephonic patient interview can be utilized as a
supplement to claims databases.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
human
interview
managed care
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic disease
college
data base
diagnosis
disability
drug cost
drug induced disease
drug interaction
examination
health
medicaid
medicare
prescription
retrospective study
Student t test
therapy
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 524
TITLE
Role of clinical pharmacists' interventions in detection and prevention of
medication errors in a medical ward
AUTHOR NAMES
Khalili H.
Farsaei S.
Rezaee H.
Dashti-Khavidaki S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khalili H., khalilih@tums.ac.ir; Farsaei S.; Dashti-Khavidaki S.)
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155/6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
(Rezaee H.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Khalili, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155/6451, Tehran, 1417614411,
Iran. Email: khalilih@tums.ac.ir
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:2 (281-284). Date of
Publication: April 2011
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objective Frequency and type of medication errors and role of clinical
pharmacists in detection and prevention of these errors were evaluated in
this study. Method During this interventional study, clinical pharmacists
monitored 861 patients' medical records and detected, reported, and
prevented medication errors in the infectious disease ward of a major
referral teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Error was defined as any
preventable events that lead to inappropriate medication use related to the
health care professionals or patients regardless of outcomes. Classification
of the errors was done based on Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe
Foundation drug-related problem coding. Results During the study period, 112
medication errors (0.13 errors per patient) were detected by clinical
pharmacists. Physicians, nurses, and patients were responsible for 55
(49.1%), 54 (48.2%), and 3 (2.7%) of medication errors, respectively. Drug
dosing, choice, use and interactions were the most causes of error in
medication processes, respectively. All of these errors were detected,
reported, and prevented by infectious diseases ward clinical pharmacists.
Conclusion Medication errors occur frequently in medical wards. Clinical
pharmacists' interventions can effectively prevent these errors. The types
of errors indicate the need for continuous education and implementation of
clinical pharmacist's interventions. Copyright © 2011 Springer
Science+Business Media B.V.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
medication error
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical competence
clinical effectiveness
clinical evaluation
continuing education
controlled study
dose calculation
drug choice
drug classification
drug monitoring
drug use
female
hospital pharmacy
human
infectious disease medicine
Iran
major clinical study
male
medical education
patient care
prevention study
priority journal
risk factor
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011379491
MEDLINE PMID
21394569 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21394569)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9494-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 525
TITLE
Problems with self-injecting low-molecular-weight Heparins in primary care
AUTHOR NAMES
Mengiardi S.
Tsakiris D.A.
Lampert M.L.
Hersberger K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mengiardi S.; Hersberger K.E.) Pharmaceutical Care Research Group,
University of Basel, Switzerland.
(Tsakiris D.A.) Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel,
Switzerland.
(Lampert M.L.) Clinical Pharmacy, Canton Hospital Bruderholz, Bruderholz,
Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Mengiardi, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel,
Switzerland.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:2 (428-429). Date of
Publication: April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
39th ESCP European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy and 13th SFPC Congress:
Clinical Pharmacy at the Front Line of Innovations
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Lyon, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-21 to 2010-10-23
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Outpatient subcutaneous (s.c.) therapies are becoming more and
more common in the treatment of different diseases. Low-molecular-weight
heparins (LMWH) are frequently used for the prevention and treatment of
venous thromboembolism. A literature search failed to find studies on
application problems concerning selfinjection of LMWH in a heterogeneous
outpatient population under daily life conditions. Thus, we designed this
study to record drug use problems, patient satisfaction, compliance,
problems arising form the injection site (abdomen vs. thigh) and residual
drug volumes in the used pre-filled syringes. Materials & Methods Patient
recruitment and data collection were carried out in community pharmacies by
95 skilled, graduating pharmacy students. Data were collected through
structured questionnaire- based telephone interviews both at the beginning
and at the end of the LMWH treatment. Drug use problems comprised handling
difficulties with the injection-device, discomfort, confidence, degree of
effort required to inject and experience of side effects. Compliance was
assessed based on patient's self-report. The returned sharps collectors
allowed investigation of illegitimate recapping, residual drug volume and
use of needle guards. Results Median age of the 213 patients was 54 years
(range: 18-88); 50.7% were male and 41.8% had previous outpatient s.c.
injection therapies. A total of 15.5% had their injections administered by
another person. The rate of self-reported non-compliance was 17.1%. At least
one relevant problem with self-injecting was recorded in 85.0% (e.g. lack of
knowledge concerning injection site or technique, recapping). At the end of
treatment, 38.9% of patients stated the injections required them some
effort. The preferred injection site was the thigh with 68.5%. We found no
differences between those injecting into the abdomen and those into the
thigh. The needle caps of Fragmin® were rated as significantly easier to
remove than those of Clexane® and Fraxiparine®. Of patients using
Fraxiparine® or Fraxiforte ®, 31.3% did not use the post-use needle guards.
A total of 46.1% of patients had no residual drug in any of their syringes.
The overall mean residual drug volume was negligible. However, in 59.8% of
the cases where some residual drug was present, an average of ≥10% (median:
6.7%; range: 3.7-79.6%) of the total drug volume had not been injected.
Patients injecting into the thigh showed a higher risk of leaving residual
medication. Discussion & Conclusion Problems encountered in patients with
LMWH applications may affect the injection itself or handling of the
injection-deviceand have to be evaluated on an individual basis. From the
patient's point of view, injections required some effort. Patient support
was appreciated, but there is still a need for improvement. Injection-free
solutions for patients on chronic LMWH use would be appreciated.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
low molecular weight heparin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
dalteparin
enoxaparin
nadroparin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug use
injection site
outpatient
primary medical care
subcutaneous drug administration
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdomen
community
devices
drug therapy
human
information processing
injection
interview
male
needle
patient
patient satisfaction
pharmacy
pharmacy student
population
prevention
risk
self report
side effect
structured questionnaire
syringe
telephone
therapy
thigh
venous thromboembolism
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9481-6
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 526
TITLE
PICU pharmacist interventions: What can they tell us?
AUTHOR NAMES
Isaac R.
Gerrard A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Isaac R.; Gerrard A.) Pharmacy Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital,
Birmingham, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Isaac, Pharmacy Department, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham,
United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Archives of Disease in Childhood (2011) 96:4. Date of Publication: April
2011
CONFERENCE NAME
16th Annual Conference of the Neonatal and Paediatric Pharmacists Group,
NPPG 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Sheffield, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-11-12 to 2010-11-14
ISSN
0003-9888
BOOK PUBLISHER
BMJ Publishing Group
ABSTRACT
Objective The Pharmacy Paediatric Intensive Care (PICU) team record
interventions that affect a patient's episode on PICU. These interventions
are not always reported via the hospital's incident reporting route. The aim
of this report is to highlight information that may benefit or infl uence a
number of healthcare professionals. Methods A database of PICU pharmacist
intervention records was designed. Categories were allocated to each
intervention as indicated on the intervention proforma. A single
intervention can be assigned into more than one category. Categories not
included on the proforma were added to the database, these included
premature neonate, pharmacokinetic issues, compatibility, and
education/advice. Each intervention was coded according to the Medication
Error Reporting and Prevention (MERP) algorithm.(1) Drugs listed in the
guidance from the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) or Institute of Safe
Medication Practice (ISMP) were coded on the database. Results 287 drug
interventions were added to the database, involving 102 different drugs.
Over 30% of the interventions involved drugs listed as high risk of causing
potential harm by the ISMP or NPSA and 62% were drugs given via the
intravenous route. Numbers of intervention corresponding to MERP medication
categories are shown in the table below table presented Pharmacists
prevented more errors reaching patients on Fridays than other days of the
week, whereas patient harm had occurred more often before pharmacists
intervened on Mondays. Following increased pharmacist time on the unit,
there was an increase in numbers of interventions per unit of time. One in
10 interventions that did not reach the patient were made during the
attended morning ward round, one in fi ve since introduction of ad hoc
visits to the unit in the afternoon. The most common reasons for intervening
was found to be altered renal handling, monitoring issues, wrong frequency,
drug not prescribed. Sixteen per cent required the pharmacists knowledge of
altered drug handling, for example, prematurity or renal impairment.
Antimicrobials were the class of drug requiring most intervention, most
commonly during to altered handling. The most frequent drugs involved were
ranitidine, vancomycin, parenteral nutrition, aciclovir, caffeine and
gentamicin. Non-PICU doctor initiated prescription accounted for 17% or the
interventions. In 8.3% of interventions the opportunity was also taken to
provide education or advice to the doctor. Missed therapy or need for a drug
accounted for 14.7% of interventions, whereas only 2.7% involved stopping
therapy. One in 20 interventions included problems with drug
compatibilities. Conclusion Analysis from the intervention records are now
used for targeted education for medical staff; individuals and general
education programme. Problem drugs can be prioritised for guideline
production and alerts are added into the drug reference books to alert
staff. Interventions by the PICU team should be recorded via the incident
reporting system.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aciclovir
antiinfective agent
caffeine
gentamicin
ranitidine
vancomycin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
algorithm
book
data base
drug therapy
education
health care personnel
hospital
intensive care
medical staff
medication error
monitoring
parenteral nutrition
patient
patient safety
pharmacokinetics
pharmacy
physician
prematurity
prescription
prevention
risk
therapy
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2011.211243.2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 527
TITLE
Pharmacogenetics for predictive and personalized medicine in post-genomic
ERA: A long way ahead
AUTHOR NAMES
Hizel C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hizel C.) C2H-Vichy Genomics, Vichy, France.
(Hizel C.) Pharmacogenetics Consultants, Yeditepe University and Marmara
University, Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacogenetics and Drug Safety Unit,
Istanbul, Turkey.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Hizel, C2H-Vichy Genomics, Vichy, France.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2011) 14:3 (53s-54s). Date
of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
Multidisciplinary Approaches to Modern Therapeutics: Joining Forces for a
Healthier Tomorrow. An International Symposium Held Jointly by Canadian
Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, CSPS, Canadian Society for Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, CSPT, Controlled Release Society, CRS-Canadian Chapter,
and Natural Health Products Research Society of Canada, NHPRS
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Montreal, QC, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-05-24 to 2011-05-27
ISSN
1482-1826
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences
ABSTRACT
The era of post-genomic medicine arrived with the completion of the Human
Genome Project in 2003, exactly 50 years after the discovery of DNA by
Watson and Crick which means integration of genetic knowledge in our
everyday life.Tremendous progress has been done during last several years in
modern medicine due to rapid development of molecular medicine specifically
genetics and also as informatics which has accelerated the use of Predictive
and Personalized Medicine in routine medical and pharmacy practise for more
efficient treatment of individuals. However, for most clinicians, the
post-genomic era has not yet arrived. Today, the physicians still have to
optimize a dosage regimen for an individual patient by “trail-and error”
method. This kind of blind approach may cause many important adverse drug
reactions, hospitalizing problem and many avoidable deaths. In addition,
inefficient treatment cost a lot of money. The concept of predictive and
personalized medicine is a lifelong and pharmacogenetics, the study of how
genetic differences influence the variability in patients' responses to
drugs, forms the cornerstone of predictive and personalized medicine. The
most important barriers delaying clinical uptake and application of
pharmacogenomics is lack of knowledge and insufficient education of health
professionals regarding pharmacogenetics rather than technical issue.
Moreover, there is a lack of qualification of information concerning to
pharmacogenetic testing results, the pharmacogenetic testing results without
precise personalized interpretation regarding to patient's peculiarities,
such as his/her life style factors like smoking or nutritional status and
his/her clinical data could not be useful for medical professionals and
patients. We are in post-genomic era, it is now time... don't miss out on
this opportunity, make your genes work for you and take control of your
health!
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
DNA
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Canada
evoked response audiometry
health
personalized medicine
pharmaceutics
pharmacogenetics
pharmacology
society
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
clinical study
death
drug dose regimen
education
gene
genetic difference
genetics
health practitioner
human
human genome project
information science
lifestyle
money
nutritional status
patient
pharmacogenomics
pharmacy
physician
smoking
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 528
TITLE
Identification of problems and solutions in seamless care: A qualitative
study
AUTHOR NAMES
Foulon V.
Desplenter F.
Spinewine A.
Lacour V.
De Lepeleire J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Foulon V.; Desplenter F.) Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Care and
Pharmaco-Economics, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
(Spinewine A.) Cliniques Universitaires de Mont-Godinne, Centre de Pharmacie
Clinique, Belgium.
(Lacour V.) Centre de Pharmacie Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain,
Bruxelles, Belgium.
(De Lepeleire J.) Academisch Centrum Voor Huisartsgeneeskunde, K.U. Leuven,
Leuven, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Foulon, Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Care and Pharmaco-Economics,
K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (2011) 33:2 (339-340). Date of
Publication: April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
39th ESCP European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy and 13th SFPC Congress:
Clinical Pharmacy at the Front Line of Innovations
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Lyon, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-21 to 2010-10-23
ISSN
2210-7703
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands
ABSTRACT
Introduction Seamless care is the desirable continuity of care delivered to
a patient in the health care system across the spectrum of caregivers and
environments. Despite the desirability of such continuity, patients often
experience drug-related problems as a result of discontinuity of care [1-2].
The objectives of this study were to make an inventory of: a) the main
problems in medication management at transition between settings of care, as
experienced by health care professionals (HCPs) and patients; b) solutions
to improve medication management, as proposed by HCPs, patients and
stakeholders Materials & Methods Two sets of focus group discussions were
organized between December 2009 and February 2010; nine focus groups with
HCPs and patients, and two with stakeholders. Focus group discussions were
tape recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the thematic framework
approach. Results The focus groups provided a long list of problems related
to discontinuity of care, that could be summarized in five different
clusters, according to the phase in the transition process or the people
involved: (1) problems at admission, e.g. an incomplete list of medicines;
(2) problems at discharge, e.g. a patient not (sufficiently) informed; (3)
problems as to professions, e.g. GP's opinion different to that of the
specialized physician; (4) problems as to patients and family, e.g. failure
to understand treatment; (5) problems as to processes, e.g. documents
difficult to read. There was overall agreement about the need for a
comprehensive package of solutions. Important parts for this package, are:
(1) a national information campaign; (2) an up-to-date (paper-based or
electronic) medication list / plan; (3) a comprehensive discharge file; (4)
a centralized national electronic patient file including medical,
pharmaceutical, care and social information; (5) electronic prescribing; (6)
reimbursement for assisting patients in their medication management; (7)
therapeutic education for patients; (8) clinical pharmacy, (9) local
consultation to enhance cooperation between settings of care and HCPs, and
(10) coordination of medication management. An important factor mentioned in
most groups was the need for responsibility on the part of the various care
providers involved. When coordination is required, the GP was often
mentioned as the most appropriate health care provider. The participants to
the focus groups also agreed on the necessity of seamless care with regard
to medications for every patient. However, they stressed that certain
vulnerable groups require special attention. Discussion & Conclusion
Important problems exist as to medications at transition moments. The
involved healthcare professionals identified feasible and desirable
solutions, that are multifaceted and multileveled, incorporating the input
of many professionals and organisations.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
information processing
qualitative research
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
caregiver
consultation
education
electronic prescribing
environment
health care personnel
health care system
human
occupation
patient
patient care
pharmaceutical care
physician
reimbursement
responsibility
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-011-9481-6
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 529
TITLE
Reforms in pharmaceutical education: Need based curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Saraf M.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Saraf M.N., saraf@bcpindia.org) Bombay College of Pharmacy, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. N. Saraf, Bombay College of Pharmacy, India. Email: saraf@bcpindia.org
SOURCE
Pharma Times (2011) 43:3 (33). Date of Publication: March 2011
ISSN
0031-6849
BOOK PUBLISHER
Indian Pharmaceutical Association, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai, India.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
education
health care policy
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
article
continuing education
drug misuse
health care cost
medical ethics
pharmaceutical care
postgraduate education
professional competence
quality control
skill
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011301186
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 530
TITLE
APhA-ASP project chance: USC school of pharmacy: Advancing diversity and
pharmaceutical training (ADAPT)
AUTHOR NAMES
Yu T.
Yoo S.
Johnson K.
Chen S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yu T., terrance.yu@usc.edu; Yoo S.; Johnson K.; Chen S.) University of
Southern California, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Yu, University of Southern California, United States. Email:
terrance.yu@usc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2011) 51:2 (230). Date of
Publication: March-April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Seattle, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-25 to 2010-03-28
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: USC ADAPT sends studentpharmacists to five 340B clinics to apply
their classroom knowledge by assuming roles as health educators to the
medically underserved population in Los Angeles. Students are expected to
sharpen their cultural competency, to learn the role of the 340B program and
assist patients in obtaining its benefits in the clinics, and to motivate
and counsel participants in smoking cessation. Methods: Forty-six students
received training from the project directors and faculty advisors before
participating in ADAPT. ADAPT serves the community through three components:
health education presentations, smoking cessation program, and yearround
safety-net clinic volunteering. (1) Student pharmacists educate participants
from substance abuse recovery groups at the clinics through PowerPoint
presentations and interactive activities. ADAPT uses a short,
postpresentation survey to assess the participants' comprehension and
responsiveness to the classes. (2) The smoking cessation program, combining
the Nicotrol Inhaler drug therapy and cognitive behavior therapy, assists
participants in quitting smoking over three 10-week courses in the summer,
fall, and spring. Weekly classes begin with lectures on topics such as the
dangers of smoking, urge management, and benefits of quitting. Each class
ends with an interactive, one-on-one counseling session between a student
and a participant. ADAPT assesses the classes by tracking patient
attendance, performance, and weekly usage of cigarettes and/or cartridges.
(3) In the year-round safety-net clinic volunteering program, student
pharmacists serve in 340B qualified dispensaries and shadow clinical
ambulatory care pharmacists. Students log their volunteer hours, activities,
and reflections, which ADAPT assesses. ADAPT also hosts education modules
presented by faculty advisors to teach students the concept behind 340B
programs and patient consultation skills. Results: ADAPT plans to expand
last year's goals by increasing number of student pharmacists to participate
in patient care in the safety-net clinics and explore pharmacy career
opportunities in underserved communities. This year, ADAPT aims to educate
more than 300 participants and assist 25 participants to quit smoking. ADAPT
is seeking new ambulatory care pharmacists as preceptors for the clinic
volunteering program and plans to expand to new sites.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
cognitive therapy
community
comprehension
consultation
counseling
cultural competence
drug therapy
education
health education
health educator
hospital
hospital patient
human
medically underserved
patient
patient care
pharmacist
population
safety
skill
smoking
smoking
smoking cessation
smoking cessation program
student
substance abuse
summer
United States
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2011.11517
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 531
TITLE
Neuroimmune pharmacology as a component of pharmacology in medical school
curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Chen Y.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chen Y.F., yfchen@mail.cmu.edu.tw)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y. F. Chen, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical
University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40421, Taiwan. Email:
yfchen@mail.cmu.edu.tw
SOURCE
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology (2011) 6:1 (63-67). Date of Publication:
March 2011
ISSN
1557-1890
1557-1904 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
An introduction to the discipline of pharmacology is a standard part of the
scientific foundation of medical school curricula. Neuroimmune pharmacology
is a new subtopic that integrates fundamental concepts of neuroscience,
immunology, infectious disease, and pharmacology. The integration of these
areas is important to medical training in view of the growing concern over
neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive disorders. This article introduces
a submodule and concomitant syllabus for inclusion of neuroimmune
pharmacology as a component of a pharmacology curriculum. The introductory
lectures of neuroimmune pharmacology will concentrate on the role of the
immune system in (1) schizophrenia and major depression; (2)
neurodegenerative disorders; and (3) drug addiction. Emphasis will be placed
on the competencies of critical thinking, problem solving, learning
interest, and effectiveness of medical students. Problem-based learning and
case study discussions will also be applied. © 2010 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
immunopharmacology
neuroimmunology
neuropharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
critical thinking
curriculum development
degenerative disease
drug dependence
human
immune system
major depression
medical education
medical practice
medical student
mental performance
priority journal
problem based learning
problem solving
review
schizophrenia
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011062306
MEDLINE PMID
21107746 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21107746)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9252-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 532
TITLE
The prophylactic use of Pabrinex during alcohol detoxification treatment
AUTHOR NAMES
Benaouda F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Benaouda F.) St. Charles Hospital, Central North West London NHS Trust,
United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Benaouda, St. Charles Hospital, Central North West London NHS Trust,
United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Clinical Pharmacist (2011) 3:3 (S2). Date of Publication: March 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
College of Mental Health Pharmacy Conference 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Leicestershire, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-22 to 2010-10-24
ISSN
1758-9061
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is common (>1%) and associated with alcohol
dependence (>80%).(1) The initiation of alcohol detoxification (AD) may
precipitate the onset of WE, since it has been reported to cause a large
reduction of thiamine stores in patients.(1,2) The trust's AD policy
recommends a prophylactic Pabrinex intramuscular (IM) course for all
inpatients undergoing AD.(1) Concerns have been raised across the trust with
regards to the effective and routine use of Pabrinex during AD. AIM AND
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the audit was to assess the quality of WE prevention
during inpatient AD in order to identify the limiting factors for the
implementation of the trust's guidelines. The objectives were to assess: (1)
the route of the prophylactic thiamine replenishment therapy used, (2) the
duration and initiation of the Pabrinex IM course, and (3) the continuation
oral supplementation therapy. METHOD: The audit included all inpatients
undergoing AD within the trust (six mental health units (MHUs) and one
substance misuse unit (SMU)), between 5 and 31 January 2010. The audit
standards were: (1) Pabrinex IM injection should be administered on day 1 of
the AD to all inpatients undergoing AD; (2) it should be continued for three
to five days, unless contraindicated; and (3) it should be followed by oral
supplementation (vitamin B compound and thiamine). RESULTS: At the SMU,
standard 1 was adhered to at a high percentage (94%). However, the adherence
to this standard at the MHU was very low (20% at MHU1 and 0% at MHU2).
Interestingly, all the participants received oral supplementation of
thiamine alone or in combination with vitamin B complex. At MHU1, Pabrinex
was initiated on day 4 of the AD regimen, whereas it was started on day 1 in
all the cases at the SMU. At both sites, IM Pabrinex was continued for five
days and in 94% of the cases, Pabrinex IM therapy was followed by oral
supplementation using a combination of thiamine and vitamin B strong
compound. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In spite of the limitations of the
audit, the obtained data clearly indicated that the adherence of the MHUs to
the trust's policy regarding the prophylactic use of Pabrinex IM injection
was poor. Analysis of the audit results identified numerous reasons,
including consultants being reluctant to prescribe Pabrinex, the trust
guidelines not being sufficiently directive, concerns about the risk of
anaphylactic shock, and patient refusal (which accounted for 7.5% only).
Accordingly, it was suggested to increase awareness regarding the trust
guidelines on the prophylactic use of Pabrinex within the medical team and
to highlight the benefit to risk ratio profile of Pabrinex IM injection (one
report of associated anaphylactic reaction for every 5 million pairs sold4
vs >1% risk of developing WEI). With respect to the trust's guidelines
document, it was proposed to include a treatment flowchart in order to
clarify the thiamine prophylactic treatment steps for inpatient AD further.
It was also suggested to reaudit six months following the implementation of
the action plan to cover a longer period.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
thiamine
vitamin B complex
vitamin B group
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
detoxification
mental health
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
anaphylaxis
anaphylaxis
consultation
hospital patient
human
injection
medical audit
mental health center
patient
policy
prevention
risk
supplementation
therapy
Wernicke encephalopathy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 533
TITLE
Pharmacy office as an strategy to assess safety and adherence to
pharmacotherapy
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
El consultorio farmacéutico como estrategia para evaluar la seguridad y la
adherencia a la farmacoterapia
AUTHOR NAMES
Murillo S. L.M.
Santamaria V. P.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Murillo S. L.M., lauramurillo@fundamep.com) Fundación Médico Preventiva
para el Bienestar Social, Calle 51 N˚ 42-61, Medellín, Colombia.
(Santamaria V. P.A.) Programa de farmacovigilancia, Fundación médico
preventiva para el Bienestar Social, Colombia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.M. Murillo S., Fundación Médico Preventiva para el Bienestar Social, Calle
51 N˚ 42-61, Medellín, Colombia. Email: lauramurillo@fundamep.com
SOURCE
Vitae (2011) 18:2(1) (S65-S66). Date of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
1st Congreso Colombiano de Atencion Farmaceutica
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Medellin, Colombia
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-08 to 2011-09-10
ISSN
0121-4004
BOOK PUBLISHER
Universidad de Antioquia
ABSTRACT
Rationale: The pharmacy office is an organization strategy that allows
interventions aimed at treatment effectiveness and safety improvement. It
specially serves polymedication cases, adherence problems and adverse drug
reaction (ADR) risk. Aim: To assess pharmacotherapy safety and adherence
through pharmacist office. Methods: 100 polymedicated and polyconsulting
patients were selected. 20 of them were referred by physicians and the
pharmacy service. Interviews were performed during from March to May 2011.
They focused on identifying information related to dosing, administration
frequency, treatment duration, usage, interactions, adverse reactions
(analyzed through laboratory tests and clinical progress) and therapy
adherence (based on missed doses). Results: The 100-patient sample was
composed of 77% women, 66% older adults and 28% adults. Each patient was
diagnosed with two or more pathologies under treatment. The most common
pathologies were hypothyroidism (HPT), hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus
(DM) and dyslipidemias (DLP). In addition, 20% suffered DLP-DM- HTN and 14%,
DLP-DM-HTN-HPT. Regardless gender, 57% of the patients were adherent to
treatment. 35% of the assessed patients showed ADR, mainly related to
gastric reactions (56%) and to reactions in the central nervous system
(24%). 8% of the patients manifested drug misuse and 32% reported
auto-medication, chiefly with physiotherapy products (58%) and medicaments,
such as calcium and acetaminophen (22%). Conclusions: When dealing with
polymedicated patients, the office condition allows the assessment of
adherence and safety of the pharmacology treatment. These variables refer to
values that can be intervened with information and education programs,
supported by pharmacotherapy follow-up, for ADR cases.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
calcium
drug
paracetamol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug therapy
human
patient compliance
pharmacy
safety
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
central nervous system
diabetes mellitus
drug misuse
dyslipidemia
education program
female
follow up
gender
hospital department
hypertension
hypothyroidism
interview
laboratory test
pathology
patient
pharmacist
pharmacology
physician
physiotherapy
risk
therapy
treatment duration
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
Spanish, English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 534
TITLE
Neuroimmune pharmacology as an emerging curriculum for pre-medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Buch S.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Buch S.J., sbuch@unmc.edu)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. J. Buch, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience,
University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985880 Nebraska Medical Center (DRC
8011), Omaha, NE 68198-5880, United States. Email: sbuch@unmc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology (2011) 6:1 (68-70). Date of Publication:
March 2011
ISSN
1557-1890
1557-1904 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
As science continues to evolve and expand some major areas of interest are
now crossing boundaries to become multi-disciplinary in nature closely
reflecting the biological processes of the organism as a whole. The fields
of neuroscience, immunology, and pharmacology are good examples of one such
emerging inter-disciplinary area. This article is focused on developing a
curriculum for undergraduate pre-medical students in the area of neuroimmune
pharmacology (NIP) to empower them with the knowledge of neuroscience and
its interaction with immune responses and drug interactions. This course is
intended to amalgamate and put into perspective a large body of knowledge
including: (1) brain function in health and disease, (2) cross talk between
neural and immune responses, and (3) the pharmacology of drugs of abuse in
the context of neurodegenerative diseases. The goal of this course is to
expose pre-medical students to the field of NIP so that they are equipped
with a solid foundation in these multidisciplinary fields for future
clinical/academic careers. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
medical education
neuroimmunology
neuropharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
brain function
drug abuse
immune response
nerve potential
priority journal
review
student
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011062295
MEDLINE PMID
20607431 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20607431)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9229-4
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 535
TITLE
Personal formulary for anxiety disorder developed by post graduates of
pharmacology
AUTHOR NAMES
Mohan L.
Manish Manish
Bairy K.L.
Mohan Babu Amberkar V.
Narayanareddy M.
Meena Kumari K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mohan L., mini41178@yahoo.co.in; Bairy K.L.; Mohan Babu Amberkar V.;
Narayanareddy M.; Meena Kumari K.) Dept of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
(Manish Manish) Dept of surgery, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Meena Kumari, Dept of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
University, Manipal, India. Email: mini41178@yahoo.co.in
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research (2011)
7:1 (92-96). Date of Publication: March-April 2011
ISSN
0976-044X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Global Research Online, Plot No: 6, R. K. Lake view, Hebbagudi, Anekal
Taluk, Bangalore, India.
ABSTRACT
Selection of a drug for disease requires proper skill. Physicians select
drug for a disease on the basis of efficacy, safety, cost and availability
of medicine. Unfortunately, selection is not always done carefully as it is
often based on previous experience or promotional campaigns by
pharmaceutical companies. Personal drug concept deals with selection of
drugs for disease. Undergraduate medical students are the future doctors,
who require proper training to develop personal formulary for disease. In
2001, 'Teachers' Guide to Good Prescribing' was developed as a companion
volume to help medical teacher for teaching undergraduate medical students.
Students are taught to develop a standard treatment for common disorders and
a set of firstchoice drugs called Personal or P-drugs or personal formulary.
Students develop their set of P-drugs using National and International
treatment guidelines, formularies, textbooks and other sources of drug
information. It is a method of orienting students towards therapeutics and
to expose them to a sequential decision-making process for developing
prescribing skills. The faculty of department of Pharmacology of Kasturba
Medical College took initiative to teach post graduate (PG) students
regarding the development of personal formulary. The ultimate aim is to
expand this exercise further to teach undergraduate medical students to
develop their own personal formulary. This paper describes the teaching of
development of personal formulary for anxiety disorders, which demonstrates
the usefulness of P drug concept approach, relevance in understanding a
particular topic and rational drug prescription.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
antihistaminic agent (drug therapy)
benzodiazepine (drug therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
buspirone (drug therapy)
chlordiazepoxide (drug therapy)
diazepam (drug therapy)
escitalopram (drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
hydroxyzine (drug therapy)
lorazepam (drug therapy)
oxazepam (drug therapy)
paroxetine (drug therapy)
propranolol (drug therapy)
sedative agent (drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety disorder (drug therapy, drug therapy)
drug use
personal drug concept
personal formulary
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
blurred vision (side effect)
decision making
drowsiness (side effect)
drug cost
drug dependence (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug safety
fatigue (side effect)
human
medical school
muscle weakness (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
patient information
pharmacology
postgraduate education
sedation
side effect (side effect)
skill
teaching
vertigo (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
oxazepam (604-75-1)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011507948
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 536
TITLE
Identification of DRPs and recommendations made by P4 pharmacy students
completing MTM activities during required community pharmacy APPEs
AUTHOR NAMES
Hale K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hale K., katherine.hale@umontana.edu) University of Montana Skaggs, School
of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Hale, University of Montana Skaggs, School of Pharmacy, United States.
Email: katherine.hale@umontana.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2011) 51:2 (260-261). Date
of Publication: March-April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Seattle, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-25 to 2010-03-28
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: Evaluate the number and type of drug-related problems (DRPs)
identified, and subsequent recommendations made, by fourth-year pharmacy
students completing medication therapy management (MTM) activities during
required community advanced pharmacy practice experiences (CAPPEs). Methods:
Students completing required CAPPEs at the University of Montana Skaggs
School of Pharmacy are required to complete two MTM cases and submit
relevant care plans during the 4-week rotation. Care plans were included for
analysis if they were submitted during academic year 2008-2009, complete,
followed SOAP note format, and the patient was 18 years or older. The CAPPE
coordinator coded and examined each care plan for the presence of
predetermined categories of DRPs and recommendations. Patient demographics
including age, gender, number of chronic diseases, and number of
prescription and overthe-counter medications were gathered. Results:
Fifty-five students submitted 86 care plans. The average patient was 65
years (range, 25-96); had seven chronic diseases (range, 1-16); took 10
prescription medications (range, 2-25); and took two over-the-counter
medications (range, 0-35). Students identified 511 total DRPs and made 638
recommendations. An average of six DRPs were identified and seven
recommendations made per patient. The most commonly reported DRPs included:
drug-drug interactions (26.4%); duplicate therapies (12.1%); untreated
medical indication (11.5%); and drug adverse effect (11.1%). The most common
recommendations were: no change, monitor therapy (31.5%); medication
counseling (20.2%); add new medication (11.4%); and discontinue medication
(10.5%). Conclusion: By reviewing the ability of students to identify actual
DRPs and make relevant recommendations to resolve them, information about
the preparation of pharmacy students for their final professional year can
be gathered. Although the findings may be specific to University of Montana,
the methods can be generalized to other pharmacy programs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
pharmacy
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
chronic disease
counseling
drug interaction
drug therapy
gender
human
medication therapy management
patient
prescription
school
student
therapy
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2011.11517
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 537
TITLE
Novel approach to implementing MTM services in a free clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Whetsel T.
Vinh D.
Carbonara G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Whetsel T., twhetsel@hsc.wvu.edu; Vinh D.; Carbonara G.) West Virginia
University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Whetsel, West Virginia University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
Email: twhetsel@hsc.wvu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2011) 51:2 (263). Date of
Publication: March-April 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2011
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Seattle, WA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-25 to 2010-03-28
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To implement and evaluate a medication therapy management (MTM)
service in a free clinic using third-year (P3) student pharmacists and
practice faculty preceptors. Methods: The site is a primary care clinic
providing health care at no cost to uninsured, low-income patients. In 2009,
there were more than 21,000 patient encounters and more than 54,000
prescriptions dispensed at the clinic. Because of the lack of MTM services
available, the clinic partnered with the pharmacy school to develop and
implement a MTM program. P3 students receive patient profiles 1 week before
the patient visit. They perform a comprehensive medication review and
identify patient counseling points. The students present their patient to
the faculty preceptor before the patient appointment. During the patient
visit, the students review each medication with the patient, address patient
concerns, and complete a written medication record and medication action
plan. Documentation is placed in the patient's electronic medical record.
Initial evaluation of the service will include the following variables:
number of patients scheduled for a MTM visit, number of patients keeping
their appointment, number and type of drug-related problems identified, and
types of interventions made. Results: Approximately 60 patients will be
scheduled for a MTM visit over the next 5 months. Seven patients have been
scheduled for appointments to date; two patients kept their appointment.
Sixteen drug-related problems were identified: eight medications without
indications, three patients nonadherent to therapy, three inappropriate
therapies, one drug interaction, and one duplicate therapy. Providers were
notified of drug-related problems through the patient's electronic medical
record. Strategies to improve patient attendance at scheduled appointments
will be implemented.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
documentation
drug interaction
drug therapy
electronic medical record
health care
human
lowest income group
medication therapy management
patient
patient counseling
pharmacist
prescription
primary medical care
school
student
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2011.11517
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 538
TITLE
Design and validation of a pharmacovigilance method to detect drug-related
problems in hospital setting
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Diseño y validación de una metodología de farmacovigilancia activa para
detectar problemas relacionados con medicamentos en el ambito hospitalario
AUTHOR NAMES
Caro R. R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Caro R. R.A., angela.caro@fsfb.org.co) Quimica Farmaceutica, Especialista
en Epidemiologia General. Ms Atencion Farmaceutica, Hospital Universitario
de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Calle 119 N ˚7-75, Bogotá, Colombia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Caro R., Quimica Farmaceutica, Especialista en Epidemiologia General.
Ms Atencion Farmaceutica, Hospital Universitario de la Fundación Santa Fe de
Bogotá, Calle 119 N ˚7-75, Bogotá, Colombia. Email: angela.caro@fsfb.org.co
SOURCE
Vitae (2011) 18:2(1) (S89-S90). Date of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
1st Congreso Colombiano de Atencion Farmaceutica
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Medellin, Colombia
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-08 to 2011-09-10
ISSN
0121-4004
BOOK PUBLISHER
Universidad de Antioquia
ABSTRACT
Rationale: In Colombia, active pharmacovigilance is restricted to isolated
efforts of pharmacists. They are focused on monitoring appropriate use of
drugs and adverse drug reactions (ADR). Aim: To design and validate a method
to detect process (Drug-related problems, DRP) and result (ADR) problems by
using an epidemiological method. Methods: The design was based on a
bibliographic review and a collectively created method with the Pharmacy
students from the Universidad Nacional. Validating required projects based
on the methodology to detect DRP and ADR of heparin, insulin, morphine,
antibiotics, oncologic drugs, oral antidiabetes and drugs newly included on
the therapy form. Results: The design methodology included the following
characteristics: 1) type of study: descriptive, observational, ambispective
(prospective: Determining the DRP in pharmaceutical processes in contrast to
the defined standards. And retrospective: by using a marking drug, produce a
search for non-compliance dispensing or administration, medication error and
ADR onset). 2) Study population: patients under treatment with the selected
drugs, assessed during short periods of time. 3) Scope: DRP identification
according to the pharmaceutical procedures (storage, distribution,
dispensing and administration) and ADR, according to the drug and the onset
time. For validation, the defined drugs are assessed according to their
strengths: standardized and timely storage, distribution and dispensing
procedures. DRPs were detected as incoherence in an administration record
and two cases showed a lower than suggested infusion rate. ADRs, such as
nausea and constipation, were detected with opiate administration. The
methodology was not useful for newly included drugs due to the limited
sample under treatment during the chosen time period. Conclusion: The
presented methodology might be used to generate systematic, replicable and
useful studies to assess DRPs and ADRs and the advantages of the procedures.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent
heparin
insulin
morphine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug surveillance program
hospital
study design
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Colombia
constipation
human
infusion rate
medication error
methodology
monitoring
nausea
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
population
procedures
storage
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
Spanish, English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 539
TITLE
Neuroimmune pharmacology as a sub-discipline of immunology in the medical
school curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Cabral G.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cabral G.A., gacabral@vcu.edu)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. A. Cabral, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine,
Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall St., Richmond, VA
23298-0678, United States. Email: gacabral@vcu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology (2011) 6:1 (57-62). Date of Publication:
March 2011
ISSN
1557-1890
1557-1904 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
This article provides a description of a proposed sub-module and attendant
syllabus for inclusion of neuroimmune pharmacology as a sub-discipline of an
immunology course that is offered to medical students during the first year
of medical school. Neuroimmune pharmacology is an area of study that
integrates fundamental concepts in pharmacology, immunology, neuroscience,
and infectious disease. This convergent disciplinary area is of increasing
importance to the foundational training of medical students, especially in
view of the recognition that a variety of neuropathological processes such
as demyelinating disease, drug abuse, and viral encephalitis has an
immunological component. A lecture sub-module that addresses this convergent
topic is proposed for inclusion as a sub-discipline of an immunology course
offered as a component of a Scientific Foundations curriculum that takes
place during the first 6 months of medical school. It is proposed to revisit
the neuroimmune pharmacology topic area in a more clinical setting during
the subsequent 14 months of study when medical students would be presented
with an organ system-based curriculum. In this instructional model, basic
science teaching faculty would interface with clinical faculty in presenting
the topical block material in the context of different organ systems.
Discussion of clinical cases related to neuroimmune pharmacology would be
integrated into the organ system-based curriculum in order to highlight a
translational relevance to medical practice. © 2010 Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
neuroimmunology
neuropharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
medical education
medical school
medical student
neuropathology
priority journal
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011062296
MEDLINE PMID
20607430 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20607430)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-010-9230-y
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 540
TITLE
Digoxin as marking drug in pharmacotherapy follow-up
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Digoxina como medicamento señalador para el seguimiento farmacoterapéutico
AUTHOR NAMES
Angulo C. N.
Jiménez E. C.M.
Villegas V. E.L.
Restrepo G. M.M.
Hincapié G. J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Angulo C. N.; Villegas V. E.L.) IPS Universitaria, Clínica León XIII,
Carrera 51D N˚ 62-69, Medellín, Colombia.
(Angulo C. N.; Jiménez E. C.M.; Villegas V. E.L.; Restrepo G. M.M.; Hincapié
G. J.A., jaimealejandro.h@gmail.com) Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de
Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A.1226. Calle 67 N˚
53-108, Medellín, Colombia.
(Jiménez E. C.M.; Hincapié G. J.A., jaimealejandro.h@gmail.com) Grupo de
Investigación Promoción y Prevención Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia,
A.A.1226. Calle 67 N˚ 53-108, Medellín, Colombia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Hincapié G., Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química
Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A.1226. Calle 67 N˚ 53-108,
Medellín, Colombia. Email: jaimealejandro.h@gmail.com
SOURCE
Vitae (2011) 18:2(1) (S33-S34). Date of Publication: 2011
CONFERENCE NAME
1st Congreso Colombiano de Atencion Farmaceutica
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Medellin, Colombia
CONFERENCE DATE
2011-09-08 to 2011-09-10
ISSN
0121-4004
BOOK PUBLISHER
Universidad de Antioquia
ABSTRACT
Rationale: Pharmacotherapy follow-up (PF) needs to be efficient. For this
reason, it is necessary to set up a list of marking drugs to make easier the
selection of patients requiring this service. Digoxin has a narrow
therapeutic window and a complex safety profile. These characteristics make
it suitable to be included in the list, but it lacks objective information
in this regard. Aim: To create a support for digoxin consideration as a PF
marking drug, by using the results of PF for patients with a digoxin
prescription. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive case study including the
PFs of inpatients in a high complexity hospital. Collected data was based on
the process reports produced by students of the Clinical Pharmacy Practicals
from the Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia. Data
was collected between February and June 2011. Results: 240 cases of FP were
found during this time period. 15 of them (6.3%) had a prescription for
digoxin, most were for elderly patients (mean = 78 years). 6 out of the 15
cases (40%) presented result problems and 11 (73%), usage problems
associated to digoxin. From the theoretical point of view, dosing adjustment
or discontinuation was required for 9 patients (when comparing prescribed
dosing and appropriate/calculated dosing). Nevertheless, in practice, this
happened in 6 cases only, where a health problem made evident the need for
dosing modification. A statistical correlation between calculated dosing
adjustment and real adjustment was found (Cramer's V = 0.738). PF was
considered as necessary in 12 cases (80%) given the fact that at least one
of the problems was suitable for pharmaceutical intervention. 6
interventions were suggested and 4 were accepted (67%). Conclusion: The
usage of digoxin by oral administration is associated to a high probability
of problems related to drugs. Thus, its addition to the list of marking
drugs for PF is fully supported.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
digoxin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
mica
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug therapy
follow up
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
case study
health
hospital
hospital patient
human
oral drug administration
patient
prescription
safety
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
Spanish, English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 541
TITLE
Risks and benefits of available treatments for adult ADHD.
AUTHOR NAMES
Newcorn J.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Newcorn J.H.) Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of
Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.H. Newcorn, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of
Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
SOURCE
The Journal of clinical psychiatry (2011) 72:3 (e12). Date of Publication:
Mar 2011
ISSN
1555-2101 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Several pharmacotherapeutic options, both FDA-approved and off-label, exist
for the treatment of adult ADHD. The most commonly used agents include
several stimulants and atomoxetine, which have demonstrated significant,
though similar, efficacy for ADHD versus placebo. Treatment should be
selected according to patient comorbidity profiles, cardiovascular risks,
and risk of abuse of prescription medications. In this activity, treatments
for ADHD with and without comorbidity are discussed, including mechanisms of
action, safety risks, and the potential for substance abuse. Implementing
psychosocial education in conjunction with pharmacotherapy is recommended. ©
Copyright 2011 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
atomoxetine
central stimulant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
propylamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attention deficit disorder (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
human
note
patient education
risk assessment
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
atomoxetine (82248-59-7, 82857-39-4, 82857-40-7, 83015-26-3)
propylamine (107-10-8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21450148 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21450148)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.9066tx2c
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 542
TITLE
A guided interview process to improve student pharmacists' identification of
drug therapy problems.
AUTHOR NAMES
Rovers J.
Miller M.J.
Koenigsfeld C.
Haack S.
Hegge K.
McCleeary E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rovers J.) Drake University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Des
Moines, IA 50311, USA.
(Miller M.J.; Koenigsfeld C.; Haack S.; Hegge K.; McCleeary E.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Rovers, Drake University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Des
Moines, IA 50311, USA. Email: John.Rovers@drake.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:1 (16). Date of
Publication: 10 Feb 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To measure agreement between advanced pharmacy practice experience students
using a guided interview process and experienced clinical pharmacists using
standard practices to identify drug therapy problems. Student pharmacists
enrolled in an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) and clinical
pharmacists conducted medication therapy management interviews to identify
drug therapy problems in elderly patients recruited from the community.
Student pharmacists used a guided interview tool, while clinical
pharmacists' interviews were conducted using their usual and customary
practices. Student pharmacists also were surveyed to determine their
perceptions of the interview tool. Fair to moderate agreement was observed
on student and clinical pharmacists' identification of 4 of 7 drug therapy
problems. Of those, agreement was significantly higher than chance for 3
drug therapy problems (adverse drug reaction, dosage too high, and needs
additional drug therapy) and not significant for 1 (unnecessary drug
therapy). Students strongly agreed that the interview tool was useful but
agreed less strongly on recommending its use in practice. The guided
interview process served as a useful teaching aid to assist student
pharmacists to identify drug therapy problems.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
interview
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
drug therapy (adverse drug reaction)
human
methodology
organization and management
pharmacist
pharmacy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21451770 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21451770)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 543
TITLE
MGluR5 Positive Allosteric Modulation Enhances Extinction Learning Following
Cocaine Self-Administration
AUTHOR NAMES
Cleva R.M.
Hicks M.P.
Gass J.T.
Wischerath K.C.
Plasters E.T.
Widholm J.J.
Olive M.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cleva R.M.; Hicks M.P.; Gass J.T.; Wischerath K.C.; Plasters E.T.; Olive
M.F., foster.olive@asu.edu) Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department
of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina,
United States.
(Widholm J.J.) Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, United
States.
(Cleva R.M.; Wischerath K.C.; Olive M.F., foster.olive@asu.edu) Department
of Psychology, Arizona State University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.F. Olive, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 S.
McAllister Ave, PO Box 871104, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States. Email:
foster.olive@asu.edu
SOURCE
Behavioral Neuroscience (2011) 125:1 (10-19). Date of Publication: February
2011
ISSN
0735-7044
1939-0084 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Psychological Association Inc., 750 First Street, NE Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Extinction of classically and instrumentally conditioned behaviors, such as
conditioned fear and drug-seeking behavior, is a process of active learning,
and recent studies indicate that potentiation of glutamatergic transmission
facilitates extinction learning. In this study, the authors investigated the
effects of the Type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR5) positive
allosteric modulator 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide
(CDPPB) on the extinction of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats with a history
of intravenous cocaine self-administration. To assess its effects on
acquisition and consolidation of extinction learning, CDPPB (60 mg/kg) or
vehicle was administered either 20 min prior to, or immediately following,
each of 10 extinction sessions, respectively. When administered prior to
each extinction session, CDPPB produced a significant reduction in the
number of active lever presses on all 10 days of extinction training as
compared to vehicle-treated animals. When administered following each
extinction session, a significant reduction in the number of active lever
presses was observed on the 2nd through 10th day of extinction. Both
treatment regimens also reduced the number of extinction-training sessions
required to meet extinction criteria. Pre- or postextinction-training
administration of CDPPB did not alter responding on the inactive lever and
had no effects on open field locomotor activity. These data indicate that
positive allosteric modulation of mGluR5 receptors facilitates the
acquisition and consolidation of extinction learning following cocaine
self-administration and may provide a novel pharmacological approach to
enhancing extinction learning when combined with cue exposure therapy for
the treatment of cocaine addiction. © 2011 American Psychological
Association.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
3 cyano n (1,3 diphenyl 1h pyrazol 5 yl)benzamide
benzamide derivative
cocaine
metabotropic receptor 5 (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
allosterism
drug self administration
learning
reinforcement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analysis of variance
animal behavior
animal experiment
article
conditioned reflex
controlled study
environmental exposure
habituation
locomotion
male
nonhuman
open field behavior
rat
training
vascular access
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011106830
MEDLINE PMID
21319882 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21319882)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022339
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 544
TITLE
Drug use problems with self-injected low-molecular-weight heparins in
primary care
AUTHOR NAMES
Mengiardi S.
Tsakiris D.A.
Lampert M.L.
Hersberger K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mengiardi S., seraina.mengiardi@unibas.ch; Hersberger K.E.) Pharmaceutical
Care Research Group, Pharmacenter, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse
50, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
(Tsakiris D.A.) Division of Hematology, University Hospital Basel,
Spitalstrasse 21/Petersgraben 4, Basel 4031, Switzerland.
(Lampert M.L.) Clinical Pharmacy, Kantonsspital Bruderholz, Bruderholz 4101,
Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Mengiardi, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, Pharmacenter, University
of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, Basel 4056, Switzerland. Email:
seraina.mengiardi@unibas.ch
SOURCE
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2011) 67:2 (109-120). Date of
Publication: February 2011
ISSN
0031-6970
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Outpatient subcutaneous therapies are becoming increasingly common.
A literature search failed to find produced any studies on application
problems pertaining to the self-injection of low-molecular-weight heparins
(LMWH) in a heterogeneous outpatient population under daily-life conditions.
We therefore designed a study with the aim of recording drug use problems,
patient satisfaction, compliance, problems arising from the injection site
(abdomen vs. thigh), and residual drug volumes in pre-filled syringes used
in self-injection therapy. Methods: Patients were recruited in community
pharmacies by 95 trained Master's students in pharmacy. Data were collected
during recruitment and by means of structured questionnaire-based telephone
interviews that were carried out at the beginning and the end of the LMWH
treatment. Results: The median age of the 213 patients enrolled in the study
was 54 years [interquartile range (IQR) 39-70 years]; of these, 15.5% had
their injections administered by a third person. The rate of self-reported
non-compliance was 17.1%. At least one relevant problem was recorded in
85.0% of the cases. At the end of the treatment, 38.9% of the patients
stated self-administration of the injections required some effort. The
preferred injection site was the thigh (68.5%). An overall mean residual
drug volume ≤10.0% was detected for 3.9% of the patients. If residual drug
was present, a median of 11.2% (IQR 8.6-17.6%) of the total drug volume had
not been injected. Patients injecting into the thigh showed a higher risk of
leaving residual medication (odds ratio 2.16, 95% confidence interval
1.04-4.51). Conclusions: Most patients had drug use problems, whereas no
clear factors were associated with non-compliance, the injection site (apart
from residual drug), and discomfort or effort required (apart from prior
injection use). © 2010 Springer-Verlag.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
low molecular weight heparin (drug therapy, subcutaneous drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
certoparin (drug therapy)
dalteparin (drug therapy)
enoxaparin (drug therapy)
fraxiforte
nadroparin (drug therapy)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug self administration
primary medical care
venous thromboembolism (drug therapy, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
drug injection volume
female
health care quality
health survey
human
injection site
major clinical study
male
outpatient care
patient attitude
patient compliance
patient satisfaction
patient selection
pharmacy student
priority journal
prospective study
self report
structured questionnaire
syringe
thigh
DRUG TRADE NAMES
clexane
fragmin
fraxiforte
fraxiparine
sandoparin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
enoxaparin (679809-58-6)
nadroparin (104521-37-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011053482
MEDLINE PMID
21107827 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21107827)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-010-0956-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 545
TITLE
Perceptions of hospital pharmacist's role in Pakistan's healthcare system: A
cross-sectional survey
AUTHOR NAMES
Azhar S.
Hassali M.A.
Ibrahim M.M.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Azhar S.; Hassali M.A., azmihassali@gmail.com; Ibrahim M.M.I.) Discipline
of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. A. Hassali, Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang,
Malaysia. Email: azmihassali@gmail.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2011) 10:1 (11-17). Date of
Publication: February 2011
ISSN
1596-5996
1596-9827 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Group, Benin City, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate hospital pharmacists' perception of their current
clinical role in Pakistan's healthcare system. Methods: This was a
cross-sectional study in a population that consisted of hospital pharmacists
in Islamabad, Faisalabad and Lahore which are three cities in Punjab State,
Pakistan. A sample of 116 hospital pharmacists was selected from public and
private hospitals in these three cities. Results: At least 42.2 % of the
hospital pharmacists were involved in patient education pertaining to drugs.
Although they were willing to take personal responsibility for resolving
drug-related problems encountered, 84.5 % of them conveyed that their
current role is more focused on pharmacy record keeping. Only 57.8% of the
pharmacist indicated that they were involved in compiling and updating of
their hospital's drug formulary. Conclusion: The findings suggest that
hospital pharmacists in Pakistan do have concerns about their present
professional roles and face significant barriers with regards to increasing
their involvement in clinical services. However, they need to be proactive
in their collaboration with other healthcare professionals if the concept of
pharmaceutical care is to take root in the healthcare system. ©
Pharmacotherapy Group.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care system
hospital pharmacy
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cross-sectional study
drug formulary
female
human
male
Pakistan
patient education
professional standard
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011104095
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 546
TITLE
Treatment of addiction and anxiety using extinction approaches: Neural
mechanisms and their treatment implications
AUTHOR NAMES
Kaplan G.B.
Heinrichs S.C.
Carey R.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kaplan G.B., gary.kaplan@va.gov; Heinrichs S.C.) VA Boston Healthcare
System, Mental Health and Research Services, Boston, MA, United States.
(Kaplan G.B., gary.kaplan@va.gov) Boston University, School of Medicine,
Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, United States.
(Carey R.J.) Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, United States.
(Carey R.J.) SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. B. Kaplan, VA Boston, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130,
United States. Email: gary.kaplan@va.gov
SOURCE
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior (2011) 97:3 (619-625). Date of
Publication: January 2011
ISSN
0091-3057
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Clinical interventions which produce cue and contextual extinction learning
can reduce craving and relapse in substance abuse and inhibit conditioned
fear responses in anxiety disorders. In both types of disorders, classical
conditioning links unconditioned drug or fear responses to associated
contextual cues and result in enduring pathological responses to multiple
stimuli. Extinction therapy countermeasures seek to reduce conditioned
responses using a set of techniques in which patients are repeatedly exposed
to conditioned appetitive or aversive stimuli using imaginal imagery, in
vivo exposure, or written scripts. Such interventions allow patients to
rehearse more adaptive responses to conditioned stimuli. The ultimate goal
of these interventions, extinction of the original conditioned response, is
a new learning process that results in a decrease in frequency or intensity
of conditioned responses to drug or fear cues. This review explores
extinction approaches in conditioned drug reward and fear responses. The
behavioral, neuroanatomical and neurochemical mechanisms of conditioned
reward and fear responses and their extinction are derived from our
understanding of the animal literature. Extensive neuroscience research
shows that even though many mechanisms differ in conditioned fear and
reward, converging prefrontal cortical glutamatergic pathways underlie
extinction learning. Efficacy of pharmacological and behavioral treatment
approaches in addiction and anxiety disorders may be optimized by enhancing
extinction and weakening the bond between the original conditioned stimuli
and conditioned responses. Adjunctive pharmacotherapy approaches using
agents which alter glutamate or γ-aminobutyric acid signaling or epigenetic
mechanisms in prefrontal cortical pathways can enhance extinction learning.
A comparative study of extinction processes and its neural mechanisms can be
translated into more effective behavioral and pharmacological treatment
approaches in substance abuse and anxiety.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid (endogenous compound)
4 aminobutyric acid receptor stimulating agent
baclofen (drug therapy)
cycloserine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
glutamic acid (endogenous compound)
histone deacetylase inhibitor (pharmacology)
placebo
valproic acid (pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety disorder (drug therapy, drug therapy, therapy)
drug dependence (rehabilitation, therapy)
reinforcement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (therapy)
clinical trial
cognitive therapy
conditioned reflex
drug dependence treatment
drug mechanism
epigenetics
human
instrumental conditioning
nonhuman
posttraumatic stress disorder (drug therapy, therapy)
prefrontal cortex
priority journal
psychotherapy
review
signal transduction
substance abuse
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
4 aminobutyric acid (28805-76-7, 56-12-2)
baclofen (1134-47-0)
cycloserine (339-72-0, 68-39-3, 68-41-7)
glutamic acid (11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010685349
MEDLINE PMID
20723558 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20723558)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2010.08.004
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 547
TITLE
Substance use attitudes and behaviors at three pharmacy colleges.
AUTHOR NAMES
Baldwin J.N.
Scott D.M.
DeSimone 2nd. E.M.
Forrester J.H.
Fankhauser M.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baldwin J.N.) College of Pharmacy, The University of Nebraska Medical
Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6045, USA.
(Scott D.M.; DeSimone 2nd. E.M.; Forrester J.H.; Fankhauser M.P.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.N. Baldwin, College of Pharmacy, The University of Nebraska Medical
Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6045, USA. Email: jbaldwin@unmc.edu
SOURCE
Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical
Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2011) 32:1 (27-35). Date of
Publication: Jan 2011
ISSN
1547-0164 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to profile and compare alcohol and other
drug (AOD) use attitudes and behaviors in three pharmacy colleges. Student
surveys of AOD use attitudes and behaviors were conducted at one
southwestern and two midwestern pharmacy colleges. Response was 86.5%
(566/654). Reported past-year use included alcohol 82.8%, tobacco 25.4%, and
marijuana 6.9%. Past-year AOD-associated events included blackouts 18.2%,
class or work under influence 7.8%, patient care under influence 1.4%,
lowered grades or job evaluations 5.8%, legal charges 2.7%, and heavy
drinking 29.0%. Family histories of alcohol or drug problems were reported
by 35.5% and 13.1%, respectively. A number of significant differences in AOD
use attitudes and behaviors between the three colleges were identified.
Pharmacy students reported a number of risky drug-use attitudes and
behaviors in this survey. Student AOD prevention, assistance, and education
should be proactively addressed by pharmacy colleges.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology)
attitude to health
education
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
female
high risk behavior
human
male
psychological aspect
questionnaire
United States (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21302181 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21302181)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2011.540470
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 548
TITLE
Integration of pharmacy students within a level II trauma center
AUTHOR NAMES
Petrie J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Petrie J.L., jpetrie@uwyo.edu) School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming,
Laramie, 82071, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Petrie, Email: jpetrie@uwyo.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:6. Date of
Publication: 10 Aug 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To integrate fourth-year doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) students within a level
II trauma center team to improve their patient care and professional
communication skills. PharmD students completed 2 consecutive 4-week
internal medicine APPEs during the course of their fourth year, which
included approximately 5 weeks working on an interprofessional trauma team.
During patient rounds with the interprofessional trauma team, students
provided patient care in a stepwise approach, drug information responses,
patient counseling, and other services requested by team members.
Ability-based outcomes (ABOs) assessment, faculty evaluations, and student
self-assessment were conducted in the following areas: effective
communication, drug therapy assessment and decision making, critical
thinking and problem solving, and drug information retrieval. Students' mean
score in these areas was 3.8 on a 5-point scale. Areas in which students
needed improvement included: providing recommendations in a timely manner,
self-confidence, identifying opportunity to verbally communicate with other
team members, and addressing insecurities when answering drug information
questions posed by the team. Integrating fourth-year PharmD students within
a trauma and acute surgery team and use of ABO assessment allowed for
identification of areas of the curriculum in which improvements were needed,
resulting in a more targeted approach earlier in the curriculum to improve
students' abilities to provide appropriate and effective patient care in an
interprofessional setting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical competence
curriculum
education
injury (drug therapy)
pharmacy student
problem based learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
advanced pharmacy practice experience
article
assessment
counseling
drug information
emergency health service
human
interpersonal communication
interprofessional education
methodology
patient care
pharmacy education
self evaluation
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21931459 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21931459)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 549
TITLE
Methadone: Marvelous, malevolent, or merely misunderstood?
AUTHOR NAMES
Martin C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Martin C.M.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.M. Martin, Greensboro, NC, United States.
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2011) 26:1 (32-40). Date of Publication: January 2011
ISSN
0888-5109
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, 1321 Duke Street, Alexandria,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Methadone is an opioid analgesic that is also commonly used to prevent
opioid-withdrawal symptoms in patients undergoing treatment for opioid
addiction. The prescribing of methadone for pain management has been under
scrutiny because of a high incidence of deaths associated with its use.
However, many practitioners find methadone offers numerous benefits,
including dosing options and duration of analgesia. Methadone may still have
a place in pain management when practitioners are adequately educated about
methadone's pharmacologic properties, dosing, and monitoring considerations.
© 2011 American Society of Consultant Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug combination,
drug comparison, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, intramuscular
drug administration, intrathecal drug administration, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, rectal drug administration,
subcutaneous drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepin 2 one derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug combination,
drug interaction)
morphine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid (endogenous compound)
noradrenalin (endogenous compound)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
opiate receptor (endogenous compound)
oxycodone (drug therapy)
serotonin (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
age
analgesia
ataxia (side effect)
bradypnea (side effect)
breathing
cancer pain (drug therapy)
drowsiness (side effect)
drug bioavailability
drug half life
drug intoxication
drug metabolism
drug monitoring
drug safety
drug withdrawal
electrocardiogram
euphoria
frail elderly
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
heart beat
human
kidney function
mortality
neurotoxicity
opiate addiction
pain (drug therapy)
patient compliance
patient selection
QT interval
respiration depression (side effect)
review
side effect (side effect)
slurred speech (side effect)
snoring (side effect)
treatment contraindication
unspecified side effect (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, prevention, side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid (6384-92-5)
noradrenalin (1407-84-7, 51-41-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
serotonin (50-67-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011442799
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.4140/TCP.n.2011.32
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 550
TITLE
Science of safety topic coverage in experiential education in US and Taiwan
colleges and schools of pharmacy.
AUTHOR NAMES
Tang D.H.
Warholak T.L.
Slack M.K.
Malone D.C.
Gau C.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tang D.H., dtang@pharmacy.arizona.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice and
Science, The University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, 1295 N. Martin, PO
Box 210202, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
(Warholak T.L.; Slack M.K.; Malone D.C.; Gau C.S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.H. Tang, Email: dtang@pharmacy.arizona.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:10 (1). Date of
Publication: 15 Dec 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To compare the science of safety (SoS) topic coverage and associated student
competencies in the experiential education curricula of colleges and schools
of pharmacy in the United States and Taiwan. The experiential education
director, assistant director, or coordinator at a random sample of 34 US
colleges and schools of pharmacy and all 7 Taiwan schools of pharmacy were
interviewed and then asked to complete an Internet-based survey instrument.
Faculty members in both countries perceived that experiential curricula were
focused on the postmarketing phase of the SoS, and that there is a need for
the pharmacy experiential curricula to be standardized in order to fill SoS
coverage gaps. Inter-country differences in experiential SoS coverage were
noted in topics included for safety biomarkers that signal potential for
drug-induced problems and pharmacogenomics. Experiential SoS topic coverage
and student ability gaps were perceived within and between US and Taiwan
colleges and schools of pharmacy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
attitude to health
education
perception
problem based learning
product safety
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
comparative study
curriculum
drug surveillance program
experiential education
human
international
Internet
methodology
multicenter study
professional competence
questionnaire
risk assessment
science of safety
survey research
Taiwan
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
22345721 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22345721)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 551
TITLE
Teaching the science of safety in US colleges and schools of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Holdford D.A.
Warholak T.L.
West-Strum D.
Bentley J.P.
Malone D.C.
Murphy J.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Holdford D.A., daholdfo@vcu.edu) Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, 23298-0533, USA.
(Warholak T.L.; West-Strum D.; Bentley J.P.; Malone D.C.; Murphy J.E.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.A. Holdford, Email: daholdfo@vcu.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2011) 75:4. Date of
Publication: 10 May 2011
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
This paper provides baseline information on integrating the science of
safety into the professional degree curriculum at colleges and schools of
pharmacy. A multi-method examination was conducted that included a
literature review, key informant interviews of 30 individuals, and in-depth
case studies of 5 colleges and schools of pharmacy. Educators believe that
they are devoting adequate time to science of safety topics and doing a good
job teaching students to identify, understand, report, manage, and
communicate medication risk. Areas perceived to be in need of improvement
include educating pharmacy students about the Food and Drug Administration's
(FDA's) role in product safety, how to work with the FDA in post-marketing
surveillance and other FDA safety initiatives, teaching students methods to
improve safety, and educating students to practice in interprofessional
teams. The report makes 10 recommendations to help pharmacy school graduates
be more effective in protecting patients from preventable drug-related
problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
curriculum
food and drug administration
human
pharmacy education
quality
safety
school
science
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21769153 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21769153)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 552
TITLE
Pharmacovigilance in clinical dentistry: Overlooked or axiomatic?
AUTHOR NAMES
Carnelio S.
Khan S.A.
Rodrigues G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Carnelio S.) Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal
College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, India.
(Khan S.A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, United States.
(Rodrigues G.) Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal,
India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Carnelio, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College
of Dental Sciences, Manipal, India.
SOURCE
General Dentistry (2011) 59:1 (24-28). Date of Publication: January-February
2011
ISSN
0363-6771
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of General Dentistry., 211 E Chicago Ave, Ste 900, Chicago, United
States.
ABSTRACT
During the transition from dental school to dental clinic, it is important
for dentists to make a subtle shift from emphasizing pharmacokinetics to
appreciating pharmacodynamics. The authors believe that this change in
philosophy will occur only when the clinicians of tomorrow are motivated in
dental school to adopt pharmacovigilance in their clinical practices.
Dentists must understand how reporting ADRs benefits the practice of
dentistry as a whole. Early and more thorough reporting of ADRs will
directly influence the speed with which problematic drugs can be withdrawn
from the market. directly affecting the lives of patients who otherwise
would have used these drugs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
biomedical and dental materials (adverse drug reaction)
bisphosphonic acid derivative (adverse drug reaction)
bone density conservation agent (adverse drug reaction)
drug (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dentist
drug surveillance program
drug therapy (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
dental education
drug interaction
health care quality
human
methodology
organization and management
pharmacist
postmarketing surveillance
public relations
safety
standard
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
21613036 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21613036)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 553
TITLE
Report of the AACP Special Committee on Substance Abuse and Pharmacy
Education.
AUTHOR NAMES
Jungnickel P.W.
Desimone E.M.
Kissack J.C.
Lawson L.A.
Murawski M.M.
Patterson B.J.
Rospond R.M.
Scott D.M.
Athay J.
AACP Special Committee on Substance Abuse and Pharmacy Education
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jungnickel P.W.) Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, USA.
(Desimone E.M.; Kissack J.C.; Lawson L.A.; Murawski M.M.; Patterson B.J.;
Rospond R.M.; Scott D.M.; Athay J.; AACP Special Committee on Substance
Abuse and Pharmacy Education)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.W. Jungnickel, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, USA.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:10 (S11). Date of
Publication: 15 Dec 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology)
education
health care management
health care planning
pharmacy and therapeutics committee
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21436899 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21436899)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 554
TITLE
Outcome of pharmacist intervention in education of patients on duplicate
prescriping hypnotic-sedatives
AUTHOR NAMES
Chu L.L.
Lin H.C.
Huang H.Y.
Chan A.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chu L.L.; Lin H.C.; Huang H.Y.) Chimei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
(Chan A.L.) Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.L. Chu, Chimei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
SOURCE
Value in Health (2010) 13:7 (A560). Date of Publication: November 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
ISPOR 4th Asia-Pacific Conference
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phuket, Thailand
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-09-05 to 2010-09-07
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The inappropriate uses of hypnotic-sedatives will likely cause
drug abuse. It has been known that patients visit different hospitals back
and forth to get a duplicate prescription of hypnotic-sedatives. The purpose
of this study is to explore the decrease of refill frequency of prescribing
sedative-hypnotics and drug cost. METHODS: This is a cohort study. Adult
patients, who were prescribed two or more than two sedative-hypnotics with
same pharmacological mechanism over a week by different physicians, will be
retrieved from the claim database of a medical center in southern Taiwan.
The retrieved patients were received a questionnaire to evaluate their
knowledge about the appropriate use of hypnotic-sedatives before clinical
pharmacists provided patients with education for appropriate use of
hypnotic-sedatives. The primary outcome was the reduction of total
consumption on hypnotic-sedatives and drug cost before and after pharmacist
education. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients were included in this study. The
results showed that about 62.8% of patients with duplicate use of
hypnotic-sedatives were female and 59.1% of patients aged (3)50 years. Their
chief complains was insomnia and/or anxiety which cannot be relieved by
taking only one hypnotic-sedatives. The most frequently prescribed drugs in
their duplicate prescription were zolpidem (30.45%), Fludiazepam (22.34%),
Alprazolam (14.9%), Flunitrazepam (8.45%), and Brotizolam (7.93%). The
average total consumption on hypnotic-sedatives per day for each patient was
decreased from 1.68 to 1.33 tablets. The monthly hypnotic-sedatives costs
were reduced form NT$ 21,000 to NT $ 15,600. CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacist
education on the appropriate use of hypnotic-sedatives and lifestyle
management is likely to reduce the total consumption on hypnotic-sedatives
and save drug costs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypnotic sedative agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam
brotizolam
fludiazepam
flunitrazepam
hypnotic agent
sedative agent
zolpidem
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Asia
education
human
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
anxiety
cohort analysis
data base
drug abuse
drug cost
female
hospital
insomnia
lifestyle
physician
prescription
questionnaire
tablet
Taiwan
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 555
TITLE
Central nervous system effects of haloperidol on THC in healthy male
volunteers
AUTHOR NAMES
Liem-Moolenaar M.
Beek E.T.T.
Kam M.L.D.
Franson K.L.
Kahn R.S.
Hijman R.
Touw D.
Gerven J.M.A.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Liem-Moolenaar M., mariekemoolenaar@online.nl; Beek E.T.T.; Kam M.L.D.;
Franson K.L.; Gerven J.M.A.V.) Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef
10, 2333 CL Leiden, Netherlands.
(Kahn R.S.; Hijman R.) Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
(Touw D.) Apotheek Haagse Ziekenhuizen and Haga Teaching Hospital, The
Hague, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Liem-Moolenaar, Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 10, 2333 CL
Leiden, Netherlands. Email: mariekemoolenaar@online.nl
SOURCE
Journal of Psychopharmacology (2010) 24:11 (1697-1708). Date of Publication:
November 2010
ISSN
0269-8811
1461-7285 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Ltd, 55 City Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
In this study, the hypothesis that haloperidol would lead to an amelioration
of δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-induced 'psychotomimetic' effects was
investigated. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, partial three-way
crossover ascending dose study the effects of THC, haloperidol and their
combination were investigated in 35 healthy, male mild cannabis users,
measuring Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Visual Analogue Scales for
alertness, mood, calmness and psychedelic effects, saccadic and smooth
pursuit eye measurements, electroencephalography, Body Sway, Stroop test,
Visual and Verbal Learning Task, hormone levels and pharmacokinetics.
Compared with placebo, THC significantly decreased smooth pursuit, Visual
Analogue Scales alertness, Stroop test performance, immediate and delayed
word recall and prolactin concentrations, and significantly increased
positive and general Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score, Visual
Analogue Scales feeling high, Body Sway and electroencephalography alpha.
Haloperidol reversed the THC-induced positive Positive and Negative Syndrome
Scale increase to levels observed with haloperidol alone, but not
THC-induced 'high' feelings. Compared with placebo, haloperidol
significantly decreased saccadic peak velocity, smooth pursuit, Visual
Analogue Scales mood and immediate and delayed word recall and significantly
increased Body Sway, electroencephalography theta and prolactin levels.
THC-induced increases in positive Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale but
not in Visual Analogue Scales feeling high were reversed by haloperidol.
This indicates that psychotic-like effects induced by THC are mediated by
dopaminergic systems, but that other systems are involved in 'feeling high'.
Additionally, the clear reductions of psychotic-like symptoms by a
clinically relevant dose of haloperidol suggest that THC administration may
be a useful pharmacological cannabinoid model for psychotic effects in
healthy volunteers. © The Author(s) 2010.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dronabinol
haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
follitropin (endogenous compound)
hormone (endogenous compound)
hydrocortisone (endogenous compound)
luteinizing hormone (endogenous compound)
placebo
prolactin (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central nervous system
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alertness
alpha rhythm
area under the curve
article
body equilibrium
cannabis addiction
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
crossover procedure
dopaminergic system
double blind procedure
drowsiness (side effect)
drug clearance
drug dose escalation
drug half life
drug withdrawal
electroencephalography
fatigue (side effect)
human
human experiment
male
mood
nausea (side effect)
normal human
patient compliance
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
priority journal
prolactin blood level
psychosis
rating scale
recall
saccadic eye movement
smooth pursuit eye movement
somnolence (side effect)
Stroop test
symptom
visual analog scale
Visual and Verbal Learning Task
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
dronabinol (7663-50-5)
follitropin (9002-68-0)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
hydrocortisone (50-23-7)
luteinizing hormone (39341-83-8, 9002-67-9)
prolactin (12585-34-1, 50647-00-2, 9002-62-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010685088
MEDLINE PMID
20142302 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20142302)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881109358200
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 556
TITLE
Drug cost reduction in long-term care patients with chronic disease
AUTHOR NAMES
Su H.C.
Chen C.H.
Lin C.A.
Juang S.Y.
Liang T.C.
Chan A.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Su H.C.; Chen C.H.; Lin C.A.; Juang S.Y.; Liang T.C.; Chan A.L.) Chi-Mei
Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.C. Su, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
SOURCE
Value in Health (2010) 13:7 (A545). Date of Publication: November 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
ISPOR 4th Asia-Pacific Conference
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Phuket, Thailand
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-09-05 to 2010-09-07
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the potential benefit of
pharmacist home care visit for elderly patients who have at least one or
more than one chronic diseases at long term care. METHODS: Using the claim
database of Chi-Mei Medical Center from 2007 to 2008, patients aged 65 years
and treated with over five medications were recruited. Pharmacists visited
their home once a month to give them education on drug administration, drug
interaction, duplicated drug use, adverse drug reaction etc and then
followed up by telephone to see their condition after education. Pharmacists
were created drug profile for each patient and recorded the items of
education and discussed with their visiting physicians about their drug
regimen in case there were inappropriated drug usage. RESULTS: At first
visit, the average number of drugs prescribed to one patient was 5.89. There
were 43.07% (28/65) and 27.69% (18/65) patients treated with poly-pharmacy
and inappropriate drug use, respectively. The association of polypharmacy
and inappropriate medication was significant. (P < 0.001; 95% confidence
interval: 82.56). The most common medication-related problems were the use
of medication without proper indication (38.46%, 25/85), inappropriate
administration route (34.85%, 22/65), poor compliance (55.38%, 36/65). The
potential adverse drug reactions and drug interactions appeared in 8
patients and 12 patients, respectively. The outcome of pharmacist home care
services include the reduction rate of outpatient visit from 1.38 times to
0.98 times every month; the decrease of items of drugs prescribed in one
prescription was from 5.89 to 3.21; The average drug cost was reduced about
NT 15 million per year (P < 0.05). About 42% of patients satisfied with
pharmacists' home visit. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacist home care service
provides an assessment on many problems with drug administration not
otherwise detected easily. These assessments can lead to potentially useful
interventions that can improve medication regimens, compliance and reduce
drug costs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Asia
chronic disease
drug cost
nursing home patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
aged
confidence interval
data base
drug administration
drug administration route
drug interaction
drug therapy
drug use
education
home care
human
long term care
outpatient
patient
pharmacist
physician
polypharmacy
prescription
professional practice
telephone
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 557
TITLE
Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its relationship with menstrual
status and non-menstrual stress factors in young adult females
AUTHOR NAMES
Oren B.
Demirkyran G.
Yurten H.
Oduz M.
Akar Z.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Oren B.; Demirkyran G.; Yurten H.; Oduz M.; Akar Z.A.) Marmara University
School of Medicine, Public Health and Epidemiology, Turkey.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Oren, Marmara University School of Medicine, Public Health and
Epidemiology, Turkey.
SOURCE
European Journal of Medical Research (2010) 15 SUPPL. 1 (199). Date of
Publication: 13 Oct 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
21st European Students' Conference. Promising Medical Scientists Willing to
Look Beyond
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Berlin, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-13 to 2010-10-17
ISSN
0949-2321
BOOK PUBLISHER
BioMed Central Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a cluster of physical,
behavioral and emotional symptoms that appear on a regular basis before the
onset of menstrual bleeding. Symptoms include bloating, breast pain, ankle
swelling, a sense of increase in body weight, irritability aggressiveness,
depression, lethargy, and food cravings. Although the true prevalence of PMS
is unknown, approximately 75% of women complain of some premenstrual
symptoms. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between
menses-associated health problems of women, such as premenstrual symptoms,
menstrual pain and irregular menstrual cycles, and psychosocial stress.
Material and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among school of
pharmacy students who were between the age of 17 and 25, measuring
psychosocial stress levels 1 week before menstrual bleeding by sums and
grading of only stress part of the DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scala). A
total of 221 female students (mean age 20.57 and plusmn;1.93 years), who
were proposed to participate in the study in February 2010, completed the
questionnaire, which dealt with anthropometric data, lifestyle, menstrual
history, and menstrual health status. Results: Students who reported
menstrual pain and students who got high stress scores had higher risk to
experience of premenstrual syndrome than those who did not and who got lower
stress scores respectively. Binomial logistic regression analyses were used
to identify independent factors associated with having menstrual pain the
experience of irregular menstrual cycles, smoking age, degree and stress
score. The proportions of students who reported premenstrual symptoms,
menstrual pain and the experience of irregular menstrual cycles were 72.9%,
94%, and 24%, respectively. No statistically significant relationship was
determined between the presence of PMS and age, year of school, smoking
status and irregular menstrual cycles. Conclus ion: Stress score and
menstrual pain were significant predictors for premenstrual symptoms. The
results suggest that premenstrual syndrome is independently associated with
psychosocial stress and the experience of menstrual pain among school of
pharmacy students implying that changes in the functional potentiality of
women as a result of stress are related with changes in their menstrual
function.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
ion
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
female
human
premenstrual syndrome
prevalence
scientist
student
young adult
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aggressiveness
ankle
anxiety
bloating
body weight
cross-sectional study
food
health
health status
irritability
lethargy
lifestyle
logistic regression analysis
mastalgia
menstrual cycle
menstruation
mental stress
pain
pharmacy student
questionnaire
risk
school
smoking
swelling
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 558
TITLE
Simulation-based learning about medication management difficulties of
low-vision patients.
AUTHOR NAMES
Zagar M.
Baggarly S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zagar M.) College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, LA 71209,
USA.
(Baggarly S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Zagar, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, LA 71209,
USA. Email: zagar@ulm.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:8 (146). Date of
Publication: 11 Oct 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To implement and evaluate a simulation activity and related assignments
within a geriatric elective to teach pharmacy students about the medication
management difficulties experienced by low-vision patients. Students wore
low-vision simulation goggles while engaging in medication management tasks.
Students also reflected on their experiences in journals and developed
modalities to improve low-vision patients' access to prescription
information. Results of a perception survey indicated that students were
able to identify and differentiate among various low-vision medication
management difficulties. Students' reflections suggested that they
recognized the challenges encountered by low-vision patients. All patient
assistance project submissions were suitable for the targeted populations
and medication management difficulties. Peer review and student feedback of
the activities were favorable. Through this low-vision goggle simulation
exercise and other activities, students were able to identify the medication
management difficulties encountered by low-vision patients and propose
solutions to their drug information access problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
computer simulation
drug therapy
education
visual disorder (complication)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
audiovisual equipment
counseling
geriatrics
methodology
patient care
peer review
pharmacy student
prescription
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21179257 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21179257)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 559
TITLE
Psychiatric pharmacy delivery via an online course: Psychoactive substances
AUTHOR NAMES
Brahm N.C.
Davis T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brahm N.C., nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu; Davis T.) University of Oklahoma College
of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Administrative
Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.C. Brahm, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Administrative Sciences, 4502 E. 41st
Street, 2H17, Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. Email:
nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning (2010) 2:4 (204-210). Date of
Publication: October 2010
ISSN
1877-1297
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Data from the 2001 World Health Organization (WHO) report and the National
Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, published in 2004,
outlined the scope of the mental illness problem, including
substance-related disorders. The WHO estimates that one-quarter of all
families have at least one member with a mental illness. In the United
States, comorbid substance use disorders, as reported in the National
Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions report, are estimated
to be approximately 10% for a one-year period. Preparation of future
pharmacists for new practice settings, at-risk patient populations, and an
increased need for information about mental illnesses may require colleges
of pharmacy to review where the curriculum can be changed or augmented. The
extent to which asynchronous (operating without fixed time intervals)
learning methodology can be adapted to meet these challenges has not been
fully explored. When the search terms psychiatric pharmacy, psychoactive
substances, online learning, and asynchronous learning were used, reports of
previously developed courses for this area were not found. We report the
development of an online elective in psychoactive substances delivered
asynchronously. The Curriculum Committee approved the course. The University
of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Institutional Review Board authorized the
student survey of their learning experience. Course development was
completed before delivery. Feedback was solicited via focus group
methodology and college-conducted student course survey evaluation. Input
was positive and provided constructive suggestions for improvement,
additional courses for an online delivery format, and the feasibility of
online education in the psychiatric pharmacy curriculum. © 2010 Elsevier
Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum development
online system
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
mental disease
paramedical education
priority journal
substance abuse
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010543187
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2010.07.007
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 560
TITLE
Improving training in tobacco-dependence diagnosis and treatment in
doctoral-level medical, nursing, dental, and pharmacy schools
AUTHOR NAMES
Sachs D.P.
Ferry L.H.
Sachs B.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sachs D.P.; Ferry L.H.; Sachs B.L.) Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease
Prevention, Palo Alto, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.P. Sachs, Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease Prevention, Palo Alto,
United States.
SOURCE
Chest (2010) 138:4. Date of Publication: October 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
CHEST 2010 Annual Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Vancouver, BC, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-10-30 to 2010-11-04
ISSN
0012-3692
BOOK PUBLISHER
American College of Chest Physicians
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Tobacco dependence remains the leading cause of premature death in
the United States, killing half its victims and causing 423,595 deaths/year.
It is exceptionally cost-effective to treat, yet tobacco-dependence basic
science knowledge and clinic diagnostic and treatment skills remain largely
untaught in the United States' medical, nursing, dental, or pharmacy
schools. We wanted to explore methods to integrate tobacco-dependence
education and training into all healthcare professional schools. METHODS:
The Palo Alto Center for Pulmonary Disease Prevention (PACPDP) chose to
partner with Loma Linda University (LLU) because it has graduate schools for
all four, major, health-science disciplines and has a 100-year-old
campus-wide mission to prevent and treat tobacco dependence. We initially
revised and updated the School of Medicine's (SM) thorough, 4-hour,
pre-clinical workshop and the School of Pharmacy's (SP) 9 hours of
pre-clinical content in tobacco-dependence diagnosis and pharmacotherapy.
Using a heuristic methodology for curriculum and faculty development, we
fostered discipline-specific curricular changes and initiated
interdisciplinary clinical rotations for LLU's Schools of Nursing (SN),
Pharmacy (SP), and Dentistry (SD). Faculty attended national, scientific
tobacco and nicotine meetings to increase knowledge and competence by
interacting with international experts. RESULTS: From February 2007 through
December 2009, the number of basic science hours taught in each of the four
professional schools increased a substantial 3-to 6-fold (e.g., 1 hour to 6
hours). Clinical training hours increased overall from 0 to 4, with the
School of Medicine adding a 4-week elective rotation. The greater the direct
support from the Dean's office in each school, the faster and greater the
faculty and curricular change. CONCLUSION: Major curricular change in
tobacco-dependence basic-science and clinical training can occur rapidly in
all four, major health-science schools by interweaving content into existing
courses and clerkships. Doing so required consistent, unwavering support
from the University Chancellor and Deans. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS:
Implementing interdisciplinary curricular change will enable the forthcoming
generation of healthcare professionals to be vastly more effective in
diagnosis and treatment of tobacco dependence, reducing healthcare costs
substantially.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diagnosis
nursing
school
tobacco dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
competence
curriculum
death
dentistry
drug therapy
education
graduate
health care cost
health care personnel
health science
hospital
Loma
lung disease
methodology
pharmacy
prophylaxis
skill
tobacco
United States
university
victim
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.10264
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 561
TITLE
A course introducing the principles of pharmaceutical care.
AUTHOR NAMES
Hudgens J.R.
Chirico M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hudgens J.R.) Belmont University School of Pharmacy, Gordon E. Inman
College of Health Sciences and Nursing, 1900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville,
TN 37212, USA.
(Chirico M.J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Hudgens, Belmont University School of Pharmacy, Gordon E. Inman College
of Health Sciences and Nursing, 1900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212,
USA. Email: julie.hudgens@belmont.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:7 (131). Date of
Publication: 10 Sep 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To develop, implement, and assess a course that introduces students to the
process and application of pharmaceutical care. The course was offered to
students in the third semester of the PharmD curriculum. The course's
ability outcomes were to integrate and apply scientific and therapeutic
knowledge in the delivery of evidence-based pharmaceutical care, and to
develop the skills of a professional, lifelong learner. The students
successfully applied the information learned in this course to the practice
of pharmaceutical care. The 3 components of the course that appeared to be
the most challenging were identifying drug-therapy problems, creating
compound goals, and creating a care plan. This course was effective in
meeting ability-based outcomes. The assessment data helped the instructors
determine what changes should be made to increase the course's success when
it is offered again.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
curriculum
education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptive behavior
article
clinical competence
evaluation study
evidence based medicine
human
methodology
pharmacy student
problem based learning
psychological aspect
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21088737 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21088737)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 562
TITLE
The need for provision of a smoking cessation service to patients in the
cardiorespiratory directorate at Glenfield Hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Edwards H.
McKechnie E.
Perry M.
Yoong L.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Edwards H.; McKechnie E.; Perry M.; Yoong L.S.) Glenfield Hospital,
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Edwards, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust,
United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Clinical Pharmacist (2010) 2:9 (S17). Date of Publication: September 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
2010 Joint National Conference of the United Kingdom Clinical Pharmacy
Association and the Guild of Healthcare Pharmacists
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Leeds, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-05-14 to 2010-05-16
ISSN
1758-9061
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Smoking remains the main cause of preventable mortality and premature death
in England. Smoking cessation services have been identified as playing a key
role in helping smokers to quit, so reducing mortality from conditions such
as cancer and heart disease. Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) has been
shown to be an effective intervention to assist smoking cessation.1
Currently at University Hospitals of Leicester (UHL) NHS Trust, patients are
expected to obtain their own supplies of NRT for use whilst in hospital. NRT
is supplied by the hospital pharmacy to patients only in certain
circumstances, such as patients who are suffering with severe nicotine
withdrawal symptoms and who are unable to obtain their own supplies of NRT
including patients on Intensive Care Units.2 Although staff at UHL are
encouraged to refer suitable patients to community stop smoking services on
discharge, this is often not carried out. This proposed change of service
provision aims to address the aforementioned issues by providing a smoking
cessation service at UHL for inpatients in the Cardiorespiratory directorate
at Glenfield Hospital. The Cardiorespiratory directorate is a tertiary
referral centre. OBJECTIVES 1. To gauge potential need for provision of
smoking cessation for inpatients within the Cardiorespiratory directorate at
Glenfield Hospital2 2. To facilitate patient follow up in primary care by
handover of patients on discharge from hospital METHOD All patients seen in
preadmission clinics prior to cardiac surgery and those on the
cardiorespiratory wards were included in the pilot. The community stop
smoking advisor trained all pharmacists and cardiac rehabilitation nurses to
give them the skills to interview and advise patients regarding smoking
cessation. Ward staff were notified about the scheme and encouraged to refer
suitable patients to trained personnel for assessment. A smoking cessation
guideline was created to allow appropriate selection of NRT after discussion
with the medical team looking after the patient. NRT provided was limited to
lozenges and patches. The provision of NRT was funded by the local Primary
Care Trust (PCT). A referral form was completed for each patient who had
consented to be in the pilot and this information was handed on to the
community stop smoking service upon the patient's discharge to allow for
follow up in primary care. (Table Presented) RESULTS One hundred and eight
out of 110 patients interviewed were referred between September 2008 and
August 2009 to the community stop smoking service. Two patients did not
consent to referral. Table 1 shows that the number of referrals increased
from the start of the project. The majority of patient assessments and
referrals, 92%, (n=99) were completed by pharmacists. 100% (n=108) of
referral forms were sent on discharge and followed up by primary care.
DISCUSSION This project has shown that there is a need for provision of a
smoking cessation service within the hospital setting. As awareness of the
smoking cessation service increased, more patients were referred to a
pharmacist or a trained nurse and offered NRT with subsequent referral to
the community stop smoking services on discharge. The proactive utilisation
of the pharmacist by ward staff has also increased. This has had educational
benefits for pharmacy staff who have been able to develop patient
counselling skills. Communication between primary and secondary care was
facilitated as the community stop smoking advisor met every week with one of
the hospital pharmacists to ensure all patients discharged were handed over
and followed up appropriately. The majority of patients interviewed were
willing to be referred to the community stop smoking service on discharge.
However, this service was targeted at those smokers who had been highlighted
by ward staff. Additional staff and funding for this service had not been
provided and so not all of the smokers on the ward were assessed. Provision
of this service to all smokers who are inpatients would be a future
extension. This service is still established at Glenfield Hospital and it is
hoped to increase provision to other directorates in the future. Long term
follow up of these referred patients is occurring to confirm the usefulness
of this service to the hospital. Currently NRT is supplied by the PCT. There
may be a case for commissioning this service in the future.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
health care
hospital
human
patient
pharmacist
smoking cessation
United Kingdom
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
counseling
death
follow up
funding
heart disease
heart rehabilitation
heart surgery
hospital discharge
hospital patient
hospital pharmacy
intensive care unit
interpersonal communication
interview
lozenge
mortality
neoplasm
nicotine replacement therapy
nurse
patient assessment
personnel
pharmacy
primary medical care
skill
smoking
university hospital
ward
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 563
TITLE
Fast detection of adverse drug reactions of new drugs by community
pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Christensen S.T.
Bjerrum O.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Christensen S.T.; Bjerrum O.J.) Department of Pharmacology and
Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Copenhagen, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.T. Christensen, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2010) 33:10 (928). Date of Publication: 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
10th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Pharmacovigilance, ISoP
'Pharmacovigilance in the Global Village'
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Accra, Ghana
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-11-03 to 2010-11-06
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pharmacists have been recognised as having an important role
in pharmacovigilance.[1] In that vein pharmacists in several countries are
encouraged to submit spontaneous reports of suspected adverse drug reactions
(ADR) to national health authorities. Likewise community pharmacists i.e.
have participated in prescription event monitoring studies as
intermediates.[2] The pro-active role of community pharmacists in
pharmacovigilance based on face-to-face questioning of medicine users is yet
a source for safety data and it has not developed into its' full potential.
Being a profession increasingly engaged in customer centred care - i.e.
detection, management and documentation of drug related problems - community
pharmacists are in a unique position for detecting user experienced ADR. A
feasibility study conducted in Denmark in 2009 revealed that the
face-to-face questioning of medicine users about ADR in relation to drug
dispensing constitutes a valid approach in detection of ADR.([3]) Objective:
The study reports from an ongoing study of the newly launched anti-diabetic
drug Victoza® and seeks to document ADR experienced by recurrent ordinary
users through face-to-face questioning upon drug dispensing. Methods:
Pharmacy students undertaking regular internship at a community pharmacy -
8(th) semester - were approached as proxies for community pharmacists. On
top of course work on patient centred drug management students attended a
training seminar focusing on questioning medicine users in order to
elucidate and achieve precise descriptions of experienced ADR. Recurrent
users of Victoza® are asked about any experienced ADR. ADR are detected and
reported through a semi-structured interview guide/algorithm. Results:
Within 2months 14 students have approached 38 users of which 22 reported
possible experienced ADR linked to Victoza®. 17 reports contain information
on users initially experiencing nausea and generally reported to disappear
within the first couple of weeks of treatment. Further diarrhoea, decreased
appetite and dizziness have been reported. Discussion: The collected ADR are
all described in the summary product characteristics of Victoza®.([4]) The
results support the hypothesis that community pharmacists' may prove a
valuable contribution in the process of signal generation of new drugs.
Community pharmacy based pharmacovigilance is a low cost tool relying on
existing skills among pharmacists. Due to the frequent contact with medicine
users the approach has a wide range reaching possibly all users in the
society. With educated pharmacists the approach may prove useful in all
types of community pharmacy settings and may take the form as regular cohort
studies or as part of intensive monitoring.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
new drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
liraglutide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
community
drug surveillance program
pharmacist
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cohort analysis
custodial care
decreased appetite
Denmark
diabetes mellitus
diarrhea
dizziness
documentation
feasibility study
hypothesis
monitoring
nausea
occupation
patient
pharmacy
pharmacy student
prescription
public health
safety
semi structured interview
skill
student
vein
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11532470-000000000-00000
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 564
TITLE
Abstracts: 10th ISoP Annual Meeting 'Pharmacovigilance in the Global
Village'
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2010) 33:10. Date of Publication: 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
10th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Pharmacovigilance, ISoP
'Pharmacovigilance in the Global Village'
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Accra, Ghana
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-11-03 to 2010-11-06
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 153 papers. The topics discussed include: attitude,
perception and barriers towards adverse drug reaction reporting among
community pharmacists in Malaysia; drug-drug interactions: an
under-estimated problem; drug-related hospital admissions; the PROTECT
project: an innovative public-private partnership for new methodologies in
pharmacovigilance and pharmacoepidemiology; assessment of knowledge and
perceptions of senior pharmacy students towards pharmacovigilance activities
in Malaysia; strontium ranelate utilization from prescription-event
monitoring (PEM): focus on 'off label' and special populations use in
support of risk management; analysis of aripiprazole utilization from
prescription-event monitoring (PEM): focus on off-label use; interim results
of a modified prescription-event monitoring study on ivabradine: case series
of utilization in patients <40 years; and pilot swine flu vaccination active
surveillance study: design and rationale.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aripiprazole
ivabradine
strontium ranelate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
case study
community
drug interaction
hospital admission
Malaysia
methodology
monitoring
off label drug use
patient
pharmacist
pharmacoepidemiology
pharmacy student
population
prescription
public-private partnership
risk management
study design
swine influenza
vaccination
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 565
TITLE
Changes in neurosteroid levels and steroidogenic enzyme expression in the
brain of morphine dependent and withdrawing rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Yan C.
Wang X.
Jiang P.
Hou Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yan C.; Jiang P.) Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University,
Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China.
(Wang X.) Department of Anesthesiology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical
University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China.
(Hou Y., yancaizhen@yahoo.com.cn) Department of Pharmacology, Beathune
International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei Province, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y. Hou, Department of Pharmacology, Beathune International Peace Hospital,
Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei Province, China. Email: yancaizhen@yahoo.com.cn
SOURCE
Neural Regeneration Research (2010) 5:7 (514-518). Date of Publication: 2010
ISSN
1673-5374
BOOK PUBLISHER
Editorial Board of Neural Regeneration Research, P.O. Box 1234, Shaenyang,
Liaoning, China.
ABSTRACT
Background: Studies have demonstrated that exogenous neurosteroid treatment
prevents the development of morphine tolerance and dependence, and
attenuates abstinence behavior in mice. However, there are few studies on
whether the levels of endogenous neurosteroids can be changed by morphine
dependence and withdrawal. Objective: To investigate the levels of various
neurosteroids in rat brain following morphine dependence and withdrawal. To
evaluate the expressions of steroidogenic enzyme mRNAs and proteins. To
identify the relationship between neurosteroids and morphine dependence at
the whole animal behavior, neural biochemistry, and molecular levels.
Design, Time and Setting: A randomized, controlled study. Experiments were
performed at the Department of Pharmacology of Hebei Medical University and
Department of Pharmacology of Beathune International Peace Hospital, China,
from June 2004 to October 2007. Materials: Morphine hydrochloride injection
(Shenyang First Pharmaceutical Factory, China), naloxone hydrochloride
(Hunan Yiqiao Pharmaceutical Co., China) and a gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry system (Agilent, CA, USA) were used in this study. Methods:
Healthy adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a
morphine dependence group, morphine withdrawal group and control group (n =
20). The rats in the morphine dependence and morphine withdrawal groups were
given increasing doses of morphine (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg,
intraperitoneal) to create morphine dependence. The rats in the morphine
withdrawal group were injected with 2 mg/kg naloxone to precipitate
withdrawal 1 hour after the last morphine injection. Rats in the control
group were treated with an equal volume of saline. Main Outcome Measures:
Following morphine dependence and withdrawal, brain levels of the
neurosteroids pregnenolone, progesterone and allopregnanolone were analyzed
using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mRNA expression of two key
steroidogenic enzymes, P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and
3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), were determined in rat brain
regions using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The
distribution and expression of P450scc protein were visualized in brain
regions associated with addiction by immunohistochemistry. Results: In brain
tissue from the morphine dependence group, the levels of pregnenolone and
progesterone were decreased by 62% (P < 0.01) and 92% (P < 0.01)
respectively, compared with the control group. In the morphine dependence
group, the key steroidogenic enzyme P450scc mRNA was decreased in striatum
(P < 0.05), while 3β-HSD mRNA was decreased in amygdala (P < 0.05), striatum
(P < 0.05) and frontal cortex (P < 0.05) compared with the control group.
Morphine withdrawal induced a significant increase in the neurosteroid
levels compared with the control group (P < 0.01). However, there was no
significant difference in the expressions of P450scc and 3β-HSD mRNAs
between the morphine withdrawal and control groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion:
The neurosteroid levels and expressions of steroidogenic enzymes changed
similarly in morphine dependent rats, suggesting that the morphine
dependence-induced decrease in neurosteroids might depend on local
expression of steroidogenic enzymes in the central nervous system. However,
the changes in neurosteroids in morphine withdrawal rats were not in
accordance with the changes in the expression of steroidogenic enzymes,
suggesting that the effects of morphine withdrawal on brain neurosteroid
levels may not depend primarily on the local expression of steroidogenic
enzymes in the central nervous system.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine (drug dose, intraperitoneal drug administration)
neurosteroid (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3alpha hydroxy 5alpha pregnan 20 one (endogenous compound)
messenger RNA (endogenous compound)
naloxone
pregnenolone (endogenous compound)
progesterone (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine addiction
protein expression
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal behavior
animal experiment
animal tissue
article
biochemistry
brain level
controlled study
drug dose increase
immunohistochemistry
immunoreactivity
male
mass fragmentography
nonhuman
protein localization
randomization
rat
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(China)Hunan Yigiao
(China)Shenyang
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3alpha hydroxy 5alpha pregnan 20 one (516-54-1)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
pregnenolone (145-13-1)
progesterone (57-83-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010419928
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2010.07.006
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 566
TITLE
The education of a provincial pharmacist
AUTHOR NAMES
Zellmer W.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zellmer W.A., wzellmer@msn.com)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. A. Zellmer, Email: wzellmer@msn.com
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2010) 67:13 (1080-1084). Date of
Publication: 1 Jul 2010
ISSN
1079-2082
1535-2900 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
awards and prizes
career
conference paper
cultural anthropology
drug abuse
health care organization
health care quality
hospital pharmacy
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
international cooperation
leprosy
malaria
medical expert
onchocerciasis
pharmacy student
priority journal
public health
quality of life
trachoma
tuberculosis
United States
voluntary worker
world health organization
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2011274395
MEDLINE PMID
20554594 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20554594)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp090621
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 567
TITLE
Challenges and obstacles facing the oncology nurse in his/her attempts to
manage pains in Cyprus
AUTHOR NAMES
Pitsillides B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pitsillides B.) Cyprus Association of Cancer Patients and Friends, Cyprus.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Pitsillides, Cyprus Association of Cancer Patients and Friends, Cyprus.
SOURCE
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (429-430). Date of
Publication: July 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee
Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Larnaca, Cyprus
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10
ISSN
1077-4114
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
Over the past 15 years Cyprus has come a long way to improving pain
management. Legislation for narcotics has no negative language in its
document, such as the word “addictive.” Prescription is 30 days. Any doctor
can write the prescription and we can now in the past 3 years get Oxycontin
from the private pharmacy. Earlier all strong opioids were held in
Government hospitals or the Oncology centre and private doctors were
reluctant to prescribe opioids. Thus access and prescription have not been
made difficult by the Cypriot government. The question is why is Cyprus 45th
on the list for using narcotics per capita by The International Narcotics
Control Board? The answer and main challenge in Cyprus I believe remains
education. Education is required for health professionals including
pharmacists, who can in turn educate their patients and this will flow on to
the general public. Pain clinics are required and the first will begin in
Nicosia general hospital in 2010 run by anaesthetists but without a
multidisciplinary team. Different drugs and routes are required to be
imported into the country. Some examples would be a morphine suppository as
many patients die at home and this would be the easiest and most effective
way to manage any breakthrough pain when patients have dysphasia. Methadone
is another drug we would like to have access to. It is currently in the
country for use by psychiatrists for those with addiction. Anecdotally we
have heard centres such as NCI and Calvary hospital use this drug as a first
line opioid when patients have neuropathic pain. One of our main obstacles
when managing difficult pain problems is the neuropathic component. Another
argument for methadone is there which is incomplete cross tolerance between
opiates and sometimes patients side effects from one opioid such as nausea
or sedation may not be the case with another opiate. Morphine and Oxycodone
are the same class penanthrene, Fentanyl is a phenylpiperdine and Methadone
is a diphenleptane thus Mehtadone would give us another opioid for rotation.
There have been some problems with distribution, hospitals running out of
opioids and our recent shortage for example of Fentanyl patches 25 mg. There
needs to be close monitoring of opioid use so that measures are in place to
import narcotics before there is no stock left in the country. Myths,
stigmas, and misinformation about opioids still exist in Cyprus although
this has improved remarkably over the past 5 years, further improvement will
improve with education. Health professionals have to believe their patients
pain, regular assessment, and evaluation of their intervention as a total
pain and finally working closely with the whole team, including the home
care team. Oncology nurses are the patients advocate and we want patients to
have the control of their pain management by using pain diaries ensuring
that they feel safe, listened to, and pain free.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
fentanyl
methadone
morphine
narcotic agent
opiate
oxycodone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Cyprus
neoplasm
nurse
oncology
pain
palliative therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
cross tolerance
dysphasia
education
general hospital
government
health practitioner
home care
hospital
language
law
literature
monitoring
nausea
neuropathic pain
pain clinic
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
prescription
psychiatrist
sedation
side effect
suppository
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 568
TITLE
The challenges and obstacles in cancer pain management in Turkey
AUTHOR NAMES
Mutafoglu K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mutafoglu K.) Institute of Oncology, Department Pediatric Oncology, Dokuz
Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Mutafoglu, Institute of Oncology, Department Pediatric Oncology, Dokuz
Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
SOURCE
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (2010) 32:5 (424-425). Date of
Publication: July 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
Middle Eastern Cancer Consortium, MECC Palliative Care Steering Committee
Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Larnaca, Cyprus
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-01-08 to 2010-01-10
ISSN
1077-4114
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
ABSTRACT
The inadequate management of cancer pain is a serious problem in Turkey.
Cancer pain frequently goes ineffectively treated owing to several different
factors. There are mainly 3 levels of barriers to effective pain management:
the barriers related to providers, the patients and families, and the health
system. Provider barriers to effective pain management include: Lack of
awareness of patient's pain Inadequate training and education on the
management of cancer pain Lack of time and resources to address pain A
higher priority given to curing cancer Concern about legal or regulatory
sanctions for overuse of opioids. Medical education, not addressing
palliative care, has a major impact on inadequate pain management. A great
majority of the physicians and nurses are cure-oriented and there is lack of
awareness of patient's pain. Most of them do not have adequate education,
and training on pain management. Besides, there is lack of time and
resources. Careful assessment and understanding of pain requires time in the
clinic. However, this is not always possible in the busy clinics in which
there is limited time for each patient. The number of health professionals
is not enough even to meet the need for curative anticancer treatment. Very
limited number of hospital beds is another major barrier to manage severe
pain. In Turkey, opioids can only be prescribed using a special type of
prescription, the so called “red prescription.” Although all physicians are
entitled to prescribe this type of medication, and it is a legal requirement
for them to keep red prescription available, most of them do not keep it
ready owing to concerns about legal or regulatory sanctions regarding
opioids. Nonpharmacologic interventions for pain management are almost
unavailable. Most of the health care workers turn a blind eye to these
interventions. Patient and family barriers include: Belief that pain is an
inevitable part of dealing with cancer Belief that nothing can be done for
cancer pain Failure to mention pain to providers Fear that mentioning pain
will distract providers from cancer treatment Fear of addiction and
dependence to painkillers Failure to access to the prescription of opioids
The stigmatization regarding morphine and terminal illness Lack of adherence
to treatment regimens There is lack of public awareness regarding the fact
that living and dying without pain is a human right. There is an assumption
that pain is inevitable in the course of cancer. Patients only rarely
express their pain unless it is specifically addressed by physicians or
nurses. The time spared per patient is very short, so the patients and the
care givers fear that mentioning pain will distract providers from cancer
treatment. Although fear of addiction and dependence on part of both
patients and providers may play a role in inadequate pain management, we
have no studies looked into this important issue. The number of patients who
directly refuse opioid analgesics is small. In clinical practice, patients
usually agree to use morphine if the physicians inform the patient and the
family about the rationale. However, family members often have more concern
than the patients. Some patients or family members may show reluctance or
poor compliance stem from the perception of morphine as a drug whose
prescription marks the beginning of the road toward death. Patients may
experience difficulty in getting an opioid prescription. Lack of adherence
to treatment regimens is a serious problem for every kind of analgesic
medicine. System barriers include: A priority on curing cancer over caring
for cancer patients Lack of palliative care organizations Regulatory
barriers to effective pain management Lack of communication between
specialists and primary care providers The heath care system has a priority
on curing cancer over caring for cancer patients. Palliative care has still
not been established. Most of the health professionals are even not aware of
the recent definition of palliative care. Lack of palliative care
organizations, particularly home care and hospices, is the most important
barrier to adequate pain management. Among the current barriers is the lack
of a functioning drug supply system. Opioid analgesics cannot be found in
all pharmacies even though it is legally required. Although nonopioid
analgesics are available almost everywhere, only some of the opioid
analgesics are available in limited quantities or places, or some are
available but underused. The only minor opioid available in the market is
tramadol. Codeine, in its pure form, is almost absent. It is only available
in some analgesic combination formulas such as paracetamol+ cafein + codein,
which causes problems in dose adjustment. The injectable forms of morphine
are still available more readily than the oral forms. The currently
available parenteral opioids in the market are morphine, fentanyl, and
sufentanyl. Immediate release oral morphine, which is the preferred first
line major opioid, is not available in Turkey. Although sustained-release
oral morphine was earlier available in the market, currently it is not. For
economic reasons, health care professionals are encouraged by the industry
to use more expensive drugs. There is no oral morphine, but oromucosal
fentanyl is available in the market. Transdermal fentanyl is currently the
drug of choice to manage cancer pain. The limitations regarding the maximum
dose of opioid analgesics in a single red recipe is another obstacle. The
lack of communication between oncology specialists and primary care
providers plays an important role in inadequate pain management. In
conclusion, there is a serious pain treatment gap: it is the difference
between what can be done, and what is done about cancer pain. Education and
awareness of the need for adequate pain management are necessary first
steps. The oncologists, oncology nurses, and pharmacists should be educated
and legally empowered to prescribe, dispense, and administer opioid
analgesics to patients in accordance with local needs. National standards to
establish a palliative care program should be defined urgently. As a
priority, we need staff including physicians, nurses, social workers,
psychologists, physiotherapists, etc to be particularly trained to provide
palliative care. Pain medication including opioids must be available in
adequate amounts in both parenteral and oral forms, and in the places where
patients are living. The government should designate a functional control
mechanism for ensuring adequate availability of opioids for medical care.
Governmental and institutional efforts to identify and address impediments
in the health care and regulatory systems are needed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
codeine
fentanyl
morphine
narcotic analgesic agent
opiate
paracetamol
sufentanil
tramadol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cancer pain
neoplasm
palliative therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
cancer patient
cancer therapy
caregiver
clinical practice
death
drug therapy
education
eye
fear
government
health care
health care personnel
health practitioner
home care
hospice
hospital
hospital bed
human rights
industry
interpersonal communication
market
maximum permissible dose
medical care
medical education
medical specialist
nurse
oncology
organization
pain
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
physiotherapist
prescription
primary medical care
psychologist
social worker
sustained drug release
terminal disease
transdermal drug administration
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181d5aa83
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 569
TITLE
Three years after legalization of nonprescription pharmacy syringe sales in
California: where are we now?
AUTHOR NAMES
Garfein R.S.
Stopka T.J.
Pavlinac P.B.
Ross A.
Haye B.K.
Riley E.D.
Bluthenthal R.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Garfein R.S.) Department of Medicine, Division of Global Public Health,
School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
(Stopka T.J.; Pavlinac P.B.; Ross A.; Haye B.K.; Riley E.D.; Bluthenthal
R.N.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.S. Garfein, Department of Medicine, Division of Global Public Health,
School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Email: rgarfein@ucsd.edu
SOURCE
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
(2010) 87:4 (576-585). Date of Publication: Jul 2010
ISSN
1468-2869 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
In January 2005, passage of California Senate Bill 1159 enabled California's
county or city governments to establish disease prevention demonstration
projects (DPDPs) through which pharmacies could subsequently register to
legally sell up to 10 syringes to adults without a prescription.
California's 61 local health jurisdictions (LHJs) were surveyed annually in
2005-2007 to monitor the progress of DPDP implementation and assess program
coverage, facilitators, and barriers. Completed surveys were returned by
mail, fax, e-mail, phone, or internet. We analyzed 2007 survey data to
describe current DPDP status; data from all years were analyzed for trends
in approval and implementation status. By 2007, 17 (27.9%) LHJs approved
DPDPs, of which 14 (82.4%) had registered 532 (17.8%) of the 2,987
pharmacies in these 14 LHJs. Although only three LHJs added DPDPs since
2006, the number of registered pharmacies increased 102% from 263 previously
reported. Among the LHJs without approved DPDPs in 2007, one (2.3%) was in
the approval process, seven (16.3%) planned to seek approval, and 35 (81.4%)
reported no plans to seek approval. Of 35 LHJs not planning to seek
approval, the top four reasons were: limited health department time (40%) or
interest (34%), pharmacy disinterest (31%), and law enforcement opposition
(26%). Among eight LHJs pursuing approval, the main barriers were "time
management" (13%), educating stakeholders (13%), and enlisting pharmacy
participation (13%). The17 LHJs with DPDP represent 52% of California's
residents; they included 62% of persons living with HIV and 59% of
IDU-related HIV cases, suggesting that many LHJs with significant numbers of
HIV cases have approved DPDPs. Outcome studies are needed to determine
whether SB 1159 had the desired impact on increasing syringe access and
reducing blood-borne viral infection risk among California IDUs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
preventive health service
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
hepatitis C (prevention)
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
legal aspect
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20535641 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20535641)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-010-9463-3
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 570
TITLE
Pharmacy participation in non-prescription syringe sales in Los Angeles and
San Francisco counties, 2007.
AUTHOR NAMES
Cooper E.N.
Dodson C.
Stopka T.J.
Riley E.D.
Garfein R.S.
Bluthenthal R.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cooper E.N.) Urban Community Research Center, Sociology Department,
California State University Dominguez Hills, 1000 East Victoria Street,
Carson, CA 90747, USA.
(Dodson C.; Stopka T.J.; Riley E.D.; Garfein R.S.; Bluthenthal R.N.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.N. Cooper, Urban Community Research Center, Sociology Department,
California State University Dominguez Hills, 1000 East Victoria Street,
Carson, CA 90747, USA.
SOURCE
Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
(2010) 87:4 (543-552). Date of Publication: Jul 2010
ISSN
1468-2869 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Increasing sterile syringe access for injection drug users (IDUs) is one way
to prevent HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in this population.
In 2005, California Senate Bill 1159 allowed counties to adopt the Disease
Prevention Demonstration Project (DPDP). Where enacted, the DPDP allows
pharmacies that register with the county to sell up to ten syringes to
adults without a prescription. In the current study, we describe pharmacy
participation in nonprescription syringe sales (NPSS) in two counties in
California and examine factors associated with NPSS. Telephone and in-person
interviews were conducted in Los Angeles (LA) and San Francisco (SF) with
238 pharmacies in 2007 (n = 67 in SF; n = 171 in LA). Quantitative survey
items captured pharmacy registration with the county, pharmacy
policies/practices, episodes and conditions of NPSS and refusals to sell,
potential negative consequences of NPSS, and staff attitudes regarding HIV
and HCV prevention for IDUs. Overall, 42% of pharmacies reported NPSS (28%
in LA and 81% in SF), although only 34% had registered with the county (17%
in LA and 76% in SF). Many pharmacies required proof of a medical condition
(80% in LA and 30% in SF) and refused NPSS if the customer was a suspected
IDU (74% in LA, 33% in SF). Few negative consequences of NPSS were reported.
In multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that the odds of NPSS
were significantly higher among pharmacists who thought syringe access was
important for preventing HIV among IDUs [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.95;
95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10-7.92], were chain pharmacies (AOR =
12.5; 95% CI = 4.55-33.33), and were located in SF (AOR = 4.88; 95% CI =
1.94-12.28). These results suggest that NPSS were influenced by pharmacists'
perception. NPSS might be increased through greater educational efforts
directed at pharmacists, particularly those in non-chain pharmacies.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health personnel attitude
pharmacy
preventive health service
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health care survey
hepatitis C (prevention)
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20549568 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20549568)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-010-9483-z
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 571
TITLE
Linking India Global Health Professions Student Survey data to the World
Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
AUTHOR NAMES
Sinha D.N.
Singh G.
Gupta P.C.
Pednekar M.
Warrn C.W.
Asma S.
Lee J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sinha D.N.) School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India.
(Singh G.; Gupta P.C.; Pednekar M.; Warrn C.W.; Asma S.; Lee J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.N. Sinha, School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India.
SOURCE
Indian journal of cancer (2010) 47 Suppl 1 (30-34). Date of Publication: Jul
2010
ISSN
1998-4774 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
The 2003 India Tobacco Control Act (ITCA) includes provisions designed to
reduce tobacco consumption and protect citizens from exposure to secondhand
smoke. India ratified the World Health Organization Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) on February 27, 2005. The WHO FCTC is the world's
first public health treaty that aims to promote and protect public health
and reduce the devastating health and economic impact of tobacco. The Global
Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) was developed to track tobacco use
among third-year dental, medical, nursing, and pharmacy students across
countries. Data from the dental (2005), medical (2006), nursing(2007), and
pharmacy (2008) GHPSS conducted in India showed high prevalence of tobacco
use and a general lack of training by health professionals in patient
cessation counseling techniques. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
could use this information to monitor and evaluate the existing tobacco
control program effort in India as well as to develop and implement new
tobacco control program initiatives.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health survey
medical profession
smoking (epidemiology, prevention)
student
tobacco dependence (prevention)
tobacco industry
world health organization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
counseling
human
India (epidemiology)
legal aspect
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20622411 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20622411)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 572
TITLE
Nepalese pharmacy students' perceptions regarding mental disorders and
pharmacy education.
AUTHOR NAMES
Panthee S.
Panthee B.
Shakya S.R.
Panthee N.
Bhandari D.R.
Bell J.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Panthee S.) Department of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Nepal.
(Panthee B.; Shakya S.R.; Panthee N.; Bhandari D.R.; Bell J.S.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Panthee, Department of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Nepal.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:5. Date of
Publication: 15 Jun 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To determine Nepalese pharmacy students' perceptions of whether mental
disorders impact performance in pharmacy school. All first- and third-year
undergraduate pharmacy students (n=226) in Nepal were invited to complete a
modified version of the Mental Illness Performance Scale. Among the 200
respondents (response rate 88.5%), 14% reported that they had a mental
disorder. The majority (92%) of third-year students agreed or strongly
agreed that depression would interfere with a student's academic
performance. Almost half of first-year students agreed or strongly agreed
that alcohol or drug abuse would be grounds for both rejecting an applicant
from pharmacy school (49%) and dismissal of a student from pharmacy school
(46%). Students perceived a high level of academic impairment associated
with mental disorders, but the majority did not perceive that mental
disorders were grounds for dismissal from or rejection of entry to pharmacy
school. Students' attitudes may discourage them from seeking help or
providing mental health support to others.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
health personnel attitude
mental disease
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
adolescent
adult
article
female
human
male
Nepal
psychological aspect
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20798796 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20798796)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 573
TITLE
Classification of drug-related problems with new prescriptions using a
modified PCNE classification system
AUTHOR NAMES
Eichenberger P.M.
Lampert M.L.
Kahmann I.V.
Van Mil J.W.F.
Hersberger K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Eichenberger P.M.; Hersberger K.E., kurt.hersberger@unibas.ch)
Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel, Pharmazentrum,
Klingelbergstrasse 50, Basel 4056, Switzerland.
(Lampert M.L.) Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cantonal Hospital Bruderholz,
Bruderholz 4101, Switzerland.
(Kahmann I.V.) Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cantonal Hospital
Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen 8208, Switzerland.
(Van Mil J.W.F.) Van Mil Consultancy, Margrietlaan 1, Zuidlaren 9471 CT,
Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. E. Hersberger, Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, University of Basel,
Pharmazentrum, Klingelbergstrasse 50, Basel 4056, Switzerland. Email:
kurt.hersberger@unibas.ch
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (2010) 32:3 (362-372). Date of Publication: June
2010
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objectives To explore and classify drug-related problems (DRPs) with new
prescriptions detected in community pharmacies using a modified PCNE
(Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe) classification system. Setting
Sixty-four Swiss community pharmacies offering internships for pharmacy
students. Main outcome measures Occurrence, nature and pharmacist's
management of DRPs. Methods Fifth-year pharmacy students collected
consecutively hospital discharge and primary care prescriptions. After
training, they documented clinical and technical DRPs, causes and
interventions. Results Prescriptions of 616 patients (43.0% discharged from
hospital) were analysed. The patients' median age was 56 years and they
received a median of 3 (range 2-19) different drugs. In 121 (19.6%)
prescriptions 141 clinical DRPs were detected. The most frequent clinical
DRPs were potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) (37.6%), drug choice
(24.8%) and drug use problems (15.6%). These clinical DRPs led to a total of
299 interventions. There were 222 prescriptions (36.0%) that showed 278
technical DRPs, resulting in a total of 417 interventions. Most frequent
technical DRPs were missing or unclear package size or therapy duration
(32.7%) and missing or unclear dosing/application instructions (30.9%). Most
DRPs (75.4%) could be managed by the pharmacist alone. The number of
prescribed drugs was the main factor with an influence on the frequency of
clinical and technical DRPs. Conclusion Clinical and technical DRPs are
frequently observed in primary care as well as in hospital discharge
prescriptions. The modified PCNE classification system, especially the
amendment with a technical DRP category, proved to be useful and allowed the
classification of all DRPs. Neither the setting (hospital discharge vs.
primary care) nor the quality of electronically printed prescriptions, but
only the number of prescribed drugs influenced the occurrence of clinical or
technical DRPs. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
agents acting on the peripheral nervous and neuromuscular systems
cardiovascular agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical classification
drug induced disease
pharmacy
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
controlled study
drug choice
drug information
female
hospital discharge
human
major clinical study
male
pharmaceutical care
polypharmacy
primary medical care
Switzerland
treatment duration
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010325505
MEDLINE PMID
20229029 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20229029)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-010-9377-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 574
TITLE
Role of the pharmacist in palliative care
AUTHOR NAMES
Walker K.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Walker K.A., kwalker@rx.umaryland.edu) University of Maryland School of
Pharmacy, Palliative Medicine Clinical Specialist, Union Memorial Hospital,
20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. A. Walker, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Palliative Medicine
Clinical Specialist, Union Memorial Hospital, 20 North Pine Street,
Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. Email: kwalker@rx.umaryland.edu
SOURCE
Progress in Palliative Care (2010) 18:3 (132-139). Date of Publication: 1
Jun 2010
ISSN
0969-9260
1743-291X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Maney Publishing, Suite 1C, Joseph's Well, Hanover Walk, Leeds, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacists are uniquely positioned to provide expert medication advice and
education, thus creating a specialised role within the team providing
end-of-life care dedicated to rational medication use. The role of
pharmacists varies among different palliative care practice settings;
however, all pharmacists participate in providing pharmaceutical care.
Countries vary greatly in the accepted definitions to describe
pharmaceutical care and in the scope of pharmacy practice. Activities of
pharmacists can include detecting and resolving drug-related problems,
advising providers on appropriate medication use, medication reconciliation,
creating medication guidelines, education and many more. Pharmacy
organisations support pharmacists as key members of interdisciplinary care,
and there is growing recognition of the value of their contribution. This
review will explore the role of the pharmacist and available literature
supporting outcomes associated with pharmacy involvement in palliative care.
Pharmacists provide valuable patient care, contribute to a growing
literature base of medication knowledge, and participate in the education of
patients, families and fellow professionals. © 2010 Maney Publishing.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
palliative therapy
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug use
family
health care organization
health care personnel
outcome assessment
patient care
patient counseling
patient education
pharmaceutical care
practice guideline
professional practice
review
terminal care
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010318896
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/096992610X12624290276755
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 575
TITLE
Doctors' perception and expectations of the role of the pharmacist in
Punjab, Pakistan
AUTHOR NAMES
Azhar S.
Hassali M.A.
Ibrahim M.M.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Azhar S.; Hassali M.A., azmihassali@gmail.com; Ibrahim M.M.I.) Discipline
of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. A. Hassali, Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Email: azmihassali@gmail.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2010) 9:3 (215-222). Date of
Publication: June 2010
ISSN
1596-5996
1596-9827 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Group, Benin City, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate doctors' perception and expectations of the role of
pharmacists in Pakistan's healthcare system. Methods: This was a
cross-sectional study and the study population consisted of 462 medical
doctors from three Pakistani cities in Punjab State, namely, Islamabad,
Faisalabad and Lahore. The doctors were selected from government hospitals
in these three cities. Results: Three hundred and fifty four questionnaires
were returned, giving a response rate of 76.6%. Sixty eight percent of the
doctors appeared comfortable with pharmacists playing patient-centred roles.
A majority (84.5%, n=299; p=0.022) expected pharmacists to take personal
responsibility for resolving any drug-related problem. Furthermore, 76% of
them considered pharmacists as knowledgeable drug therapy experts. Only 50%
of the doctors thought that pharmacists apply their drug knowledge in
practice while 11% indicated that pharmacists routinely counselled their
patients. Conclusion: The doctors considered pharmacists drug information
experts but their expectation of pharmacists as providers of quality
clinically-focused pharmacy services was low. The doctors were also
uncomfortable with pharmacists providing direct patient care. ©
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City,
300001 Nigeria.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug information
drug therapy
expectation
health care quality
health care system
human
knowledge
medical expert
Pakistan
patient counseling
perception
physician
professional practice
public hospital
questionnaire
responsibility
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010366250
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 576
TITLE
Pharmacist interventions on onco-hematological inpatients prescription
through a computer program
AUTHOR NAMES
Conde-Estevez D.
De Antonio J.M.
Grau S.
Marín-Casino M.
Ferrández O.
Fernández-Morato J.
Urbina O.
Luque S.
Berenguer N.
Salas E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Conde-Estevez D.; De Antonio J.M.; Grau S.; Marín-Casino M.; Ferrández O.;
Fernández-Morato J.; Urbina O.; Luque S.; Berenguer N.; Salas E.) Hospital
del Mar, IMAS, Barcelona, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Conde-Estevez, Hospital del Mar, IMAS, Barcelona, Spain.
SOURCE
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice (2010) 16:2 SUPPL. 1 (11-12). Date of
Publication: June 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
12th Symposium of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy
Practitioners
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Prague, Czech Republic
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-05-05 to 2010-05-08
ISSN
1078-1552
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Ltd
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study was to assess the CPOE utility and to describe the
results of the 10 first months. Methods: Prospective observational study of
interventions performed among all inpatients of oncology and hematology
wards from February to November 2009 (10 months) admitted in a 450-bed
university hospital. Pharmacists assessed alerts from the computer program
and make interventions to optimize drug therapy in oncology and hematology
inpatients. Anti-cancer chemotherapy drugs were excluded. Results: Patients
with intervention: 210. Total interventions: 308 (1.5
interventions/patient). Demographics: male 115 (54.8%). Age: 63.4 ±14.4.
Medical ward: oncology 248 (80.5%); hematology 60 (19.5%). Accepted
interventions: 243 (78.9%). Main type of alerts: 46 (14.9%) dosage
adjustment in impaired analytical parameter values; 28 (9.1%) infradose; 21
(6.8%) overdose. Main therapeutic groups of the implicated drug: J:
anti-infectives 127 (41.2%); A: alimentary tract and metabolism 45 (14.6%)
and C: cardiovascular system 36 (11.7%). Conclusion: The application allowed
to perform a high number of interventions most of them being accepted. The
most common detections were alerts related to dosage adjustment in impaired
analytical parameter values. The computer program showed as a useful tool
for monitoring potential drug related problems that allows to optimize the
quality of drug prescription among onco-hematological inpatients.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
computer program
hospital patient
oncology
pharmacist
pharmacy
physician
prescription
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analytical parameters
cancer chemotherapy
cardiovascular system
computerized provider order entry
digestive system
drug therapy
hematology
intoxication
male
metabolism
monitoring
observational study
patient
university hospital
ward
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155210363062
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 577
TITLE
Extinction with varenicline and nornicotine, but not ABT-418, weakens
conditioned responding evoked by the interoceptive stimulus effects of
nicotine
AUTHOR NAMES
Reichel C.M.
Murray J.E.
Barr J.D.
Bevins R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reichel C.M.; Murray J.E.; Barr J.D.; Bevins R.A., rbevins1@unl.edu)
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln NE
68588-0308, United States.
(Reichel C.M.) Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South
Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, United States.
(Murray J.E.) Department of Experimental Psychology, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Bevins, Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln,
Lincoln NE 68588-0308, United States. Email: rbevins1@unl.edu
SOURCE
Neuropharmacology (2010) 58:8 (1237-1245). Date of Publication: June 2010
ISSN
0028-3908
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The interoceptive stimulus effects of nicotine acquire control over
behavior. This observation, among others, suggests that the stimulus effects
of nicotine are important in the development and tenacity of tobacco
dependence. Despite this importance, there has been little research
examining whether non-reinforced presentations (extinction) of a ligand that
share stimulus effects of nicotine will weaken responding controlled by
nicotine. Rats were trained to discriminate nicotine (0.4 mg/kg) from saline
using a discriminated goal-tracking task in which nicotine signaled
intermittent access to sucrose; sucrose was withheld on saline sessions.
Experiment 1 examined substitution for nicotine by ABT-418, nornicotine,
epibatidine, varenicline, or cytisine in 4-min extinction tests. Experiments
2-5 [low-dose nicotine (0.05 mg/kg), ABT-418, nornicotine, or varenicline,
respectively] examined whether substitution for nicotine would persist if
extinction tests were increased to 20 min and repeated daily for 6 days.
Finally, generalization of this extinction back to the nicotine training
stimulus was assessed. Full substitution in brief 4-min extinction tests was
seen for ABT-418, nornicotine, epibatidine, varenicline, and cytisine.
Low-dose nicotine, ABT-418, nornicotine, and varenicline, evoked only a
partial 'nicotine-like' response in the first 20-min extinction test. With
repeated extinction, only low-dose nicotine, nornicotine, and varenicline
continued to substitute. Extinction with nornicotine and varenicline
transferred back to nicotine as indicated by a partial conditioned response
to the training stimulus. Interpretations regarding 'nicotine-like' effects
of a ligand depend on the nature of the test. Understanding the processes
mediating transfer of extinction learning with potential pharmacotherapies
may reveal new treatment targets. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
3 methyl 5 (1 methyl 2 pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole (drug comparison,
pharmacology, subcutaneous drug administration)
nicotine
nornicotine (drug comparison, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
varenicline (drug comparison, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cytisine (drug comparison, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug administration)
epibatidine (drug comparison, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
sodium chloride
sucrose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
discrimination learning
evoked response
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal behavior
animal experiment
article
controlled study
discriminative stimulus
drug dose comparison
drug mechanism
instrumental conditioning
low drug dose
male
nicotine replacement therapy
nonhuman
priority journal
rat
stimulus response
task performance
DRUG TRADE NAMES
abt 418 , United StatesSigma Aldrich
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Nida
(United States)Pfizer
(United States)Sigma Aldrich
(United States)Tocris Cookson
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3 methyl 5 (1 methyl 2 pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole (147402-53-7)
cytisine (485-35-8)
epibatidine (140111-52-0, 148152-66-3, 152378-30-8)
nicotine (54-11-5)
nornicotine (494-97-3)
sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
sucrose (122880-25-5, 57-50-1)
varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010302787
MEDLINE PMID
20302882 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20302882)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.03.005
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 578
TITLE
An update on sleep disorders and their treatment
AUTHOR NAMES
Sie M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sie M.) West London Mental Health Trust, St. Bernards Hospital, West London
Mental Health NHS Trust, Southall, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Sie, West London Mental Health Trust, St. Bernards Hospital, West London
Mental Health NHS Trust, Southall, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry (2010) 14:3 (9-20). Date of
Publication: May/June 2010
ISSN
1367-7543
1931-227X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Over the past year, Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry has been running a
series of articles on the major psychiatric drug groups, produced in
association with the College of Mental Health Pharmacy. In the final article
in the series, Michele Sie describes the main types of sleep disorder and
their features, and provides an overview of their treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
chloral hydrate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
chlordiazepoxide (drug therapy)
clomethiazole (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, drug toxicity,
pharmacokinetics)
dexamphetamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
diazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
dichloralphenazone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
dopamine receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
flurazepam (drug therapy)
loprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
lorazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
lormetazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
melatonin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
methylphenidate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
modafinil (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
nitrazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
oxazepam (drug therapy)
oxybate sodium (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
prazosin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
promethazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
reboxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
selegiline (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
temazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
triclofos (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
unindexed drug
venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
zaleplon (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
zolpidem (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
zopiclone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
sleep disorder (drug therapy, side effect, drug therapy, side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal distension (side effect)
abdominal pain (side effect)
abnormal thinking (side effect)
aggression
alopecia (side effect)
anorexia (side effect)
anxiety disorder (side effect)
appetite
arthralgia (side effect)
asthenia (side effect)
attention disturbance (side effect)
backache (side effect)
blood pressure
blurred vision (side effect)
catalepsy (drug therapy)
clinical feature
concentration loss (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
constipation (side effect)
coughing (side effect)
daytime somnolence (drug therapy)
delirium (side effect)
depersonalization (side effect)
depression (side effect)
diarrhea (side effect)
disorientation (side effect)
distress syndrome (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
dream
drowsiness (side effect)
drug dependence
drug eruption (side effect)
drug fever (side effect)
drug half life
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug overdose
drug tolerability
dyskinesia (side effect)
dyspepsia (side effect)
dysphoria (side effect)
edema (side effect)
euphoria
excitement
eye disease (side effect)
faintness (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
flatulence (side effect)
flu like syndrome (side effect)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
growth retardation (side effect)
hallucination (drug therapy, side effect)
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
heart palpitation (side effect)
human
hypersomnia (drug therapy, side effect)
hypertension (side effect)
hypesthesia (side effect)
insomnia (drug therapy, side effect)
irritability
ketonuria (side effect)
liver function test
micturition disorder (side effect)
motor dysfunction (side effect)
mouth ulcer (side effect)
muscle cramp (side effect)
muscle rigidity (side effect)
myalgia (side effect)
narcolepsy (drug therapy)
nausea (side effect)
nausea and vomiting (side effect)
nervousness
nightmare (drug therapy, side effect)
nocturnal enuresis (side effect)
nonREM sleep
nose obstruction (side effect)
orthostatic hypotension (side effect)
panic (side effect)
parasomnia (drug therapy)
paresthesia (side effect)
patient care planning
peripheral edema (side effect)
pharyngitis (side effect)
photoallergy (side effect)
positive end expiratory pressure
prescription
priority journal
pruritus (side effect)
psychomotor disorder (side effect)
psychosis (side effect)
respiration depression (side effect)
restless legs syndrome (drug therapy)
restlessness (side effect)
retching (side effect)
review
seizure (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
skin irritation (side effect)
sleep disordered breathing (therapy)
sleep walking (drug therapy)
somnolence (side effect)
stomach irritation (side effect)
sweating
tachycardia (side effect)
taste disorder (side effect)
thorax pain (side effect)
tic (side effect)
treatment indication
tremor (side effect)
urine incontinence (side effect)
urine retention (side effect)
vasodilatation
vertigo (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
weakness (side effect)
weight gain
weight reduction
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
circadin
heminevrin
phenergan
sonata
welldorm
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
chloral hydrate (302-17-0)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
clomethiazole (1867-58-9, 533-45-9)
dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9)
diazepam (439-14-5)
dichloralphenazone (480-30-8)
flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1)
loprazolam (61197-73-7)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
lormetazepam (848-75-9)
melatonin (73-31-4)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
modafinil (68693-11-8)
nitrazepam (146-22-5)
oxazepam (604-75-1)
oxybate sodium (502-85-2)
prazosin (19216-56-9, 19237-84-4)
promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7)
reboxetine (98769-81-4, 98769-84-7)
selegiline (14611-51-9, 14611-52-0, 2079-54-1, 2323-36-6)
temazepam (846-50-4)
triclofos (306-52-5, 7246-20-0)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
zaleplon (151319-34-5)
zolpidem (82626-48-0)
zopiclone (43200-80-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010380873
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pnp.162
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 579
TITLE
Tobacco control
AUTHOR NAMES
Whittaker C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Whittaker C.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Whittaker,
SOURCE
SA Pharmaceutical Journal (2010) 77:4 (34-36+55). Date of Publication: May
2010
ISSN
1015-1362
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medpharm Publications, PO Box 14804, Lyttelton, Gauteng, South Africa.
ABSTRACT
Smoking is a global epidemic. Every eight seconds a person dies of
tobacco-related disease, and almost as quickly another smoker is recruited.
Encouragingly, South Africa is at the forefront of legislation to control
tobacco use and in this article we review the recent changes in our Tobacco
Control Products Act. In addition to legislation, we as pharmacists need to
educate people about the dangers of smoking and need to offer help to those
who want to quit. We can provide encouragement; give practical tips and make
recommendations regarding nicotine replacement therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, sublingual drug
administration)
nicotine gum (drug concentration, drug therapy, transdermal drug
administration)
nicotine patch (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
quit
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
dizziness (side effect)
drug blood level
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug withdrawal
eye irritation (side effect)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
human
law
nicotine replacement therapy
nose irritation (side effect)
recommended drug dose
review
risk factor
skin irritation (side effect)
smoking
smoking cessation
South Africa
throat irritation (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
nicorette
quit
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine (54-11-5)
nicotine gum (96055-45-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010297560
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 580
TITLE
The prediction of addiction risk in student pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Norton M.
Jain R.
Tackett R.
Tomko J.R.
Pfalzgraf A.
Kennedy K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Norton M.; Jain R.; Tackett R.) Department of Clinical and Administrative
Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, United States.
(Tomko J.R.; Pfalzgraf A.) Clinical, Social, and Administrative Sciences,
Mylan School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, United States.
(Kennedy K.) Mercer University, School of Medicine, Savannah, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Norton, Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of
Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (175). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: No one has ever studied the
addiction predictability in student pharmacists who represent a high risk
population for substance abuse and dependence. Recent studies indicate that
12-15% of student pharmacists develop an addiction in their professional
careers. Addiction predictability is the statistical estimation of an
individual developing an alcohol or drug addiction within their lifetime. It
is a risk ratio calculation based on various factors that have been
identified to contribute to one developing alcoholism or a drug addiction in
their lifetime. Student pharmacists present as a potential high risk group
of healthcare professionals to develop an addiction within their
professional careers. Recent studies have indicated that student pharmacists
have the following high risk factors that may contribute to potential
addiction: a) age of first use, b) high achievement dependence, c)
trauma/stressful life events, d) genetics, e) perfectionist traits, f)
protective factors, g) negative proscriptions. Objectives: This research
project will develop The Student Pharmacist Addiction Predictability Scale
(SPAPS) that could be used as a prevention/ early intervention instrument
for the student pharmacist group. Methods: Participants will be student
pharmacists currently enrolled at the University of Georgia College of
Pharmacy. This study has been approved by the University of Georgia IRB.
Other colleges of pharmacy will be included as the SPAPS is approved.
Demographic variables, age of first use data, trauma histories,
perfectionism trait scores, family history data, high achievement
dependence, protective factors, and negative proscriptions will be
collected. This data will be analyzed using SPSS and other statistical
measures to determine prevalence and relative risk. Our data will be
compared to other epidemiological studies from the National Institute of
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the National Institute of Drug
Abuse (NIDA). Outcomes: We will report the preliminary prevalence and
relative risk data of a class of student pharmacists as compared to the
general population in the US. This information will serve as pilot data as
we expand the study to include 1000 student pharmacists.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
college
pharmacist
prediction
risk
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
achievement
alcohol abuse
alcoholism
drug abuse
drug dependence
early intervention
family history
genetics
health care personnel
high risk population
injury
life event
lifespan
pharmacy
population
prevalence
risk factor
substance abuse
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 581
TITLE
Prevalence of alcohol abuse and consumption among pharmacy students at four
us schools of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
English C.
Schlesselman L.
Rey J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(English C.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nova Southeastern University,
Fort Lauderdale, United States.
(Schlesselman L.) Office of Assessment and Accreditation, University of
Connecticut, Storrs, United States.
(Rey J.A.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nova Southeastern
University, Fort Lauderdale, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. English, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nova Southeastern University,
Fort Lauderdale, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (158). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Background: According to the National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Addiction, alcohol consumption and abuse by
college students continues to increase. Although pharmacy schools aim at
enrolling the most-qualified professional candidates; many schools of
pharmacy reside on undergraduate college campuses, which could affect the
dynamics of alcohol consumption among professional students. Studies
regarding alcohol consumption among pharmacy students have been completed in
the past, however, the majority of the studies focus on individual school
patterns or they are currently outdated. Due to the impact alcohol can have
on work performance, knowledge of alcohol consumption and abuse among
pharmacy students could help expand efforts to combat alcoholism prior to
entering the professional workforce. Objectives: 1) Determine the percentage
of students who have problems related to alcohol consumption. 2) Identify
specific subgroups of pharmacy students that are at risk for developing
alcoholrelated problems Methods: A 32-item questionnaire was offered to all
pharmacy classes at four schools of pharmacy across the United States.
Students over the age of 18 who were currently enrolled in a school of
pharmacy could participate. The questionnaire consisted of demographic
information and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).
Questions regarding alcohol-induced behaviors were also included. AUDIT
scores were calculated for each student, with a score of 8 or higher
indicative of alcohol-related problems. Scores between 16-19 represent a
high degree of alcohol problems and a score >19 clearly indicates the need
for intervention. Results: A total of 748 students participated in the
study. Of the pharmacy students surveyed, 87.9% currently consume alcohol.
Results from the AUDIT questionnaire revealed that 25.8% of students
surveyed scored 8 or higher on the AUDIT, whereas 5.2% and 2% of students
scored between 16-19 and >19, respectively. AUDIT scores were statistically
different among groups in regards to gender, prior education, and marital
status (P < 0.01). Grade point average was not indicative of alcohol abuse.
Conclusion: These results indicate that one-fourth of pharmacy students
surveyed have markers of dangerous and harmful alcohol use. Due to these
findings, additional interventions (e.g., educational programs, behavioral
counseling, etc.) are recommended to curtail consumption.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
marker
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol abuse
college
pharmacist
pharmacy
pharmacy student
prevalence
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
addiction
alcohol consumption
alcoholism
college student
counseling
dynamics
education
gender
job performance
marriage
questionnaire
risk
student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 582
TITLE
Pharmacist-enhanced medication reconciliation services at an outpatient
addiction medicine clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Chan T.
Sproule B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chan T.; Sproule B.) Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto,
Canada.
(Chan T.; Sproule B.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada.
(Sproule B.) Dept of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Chan, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (179). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Patients in treatment for
substance dependence who are taking multiple medications from multiple
providers are at risk for drug therapy problems. Medication reconciliation,
the process of obtaining a complete and accurate list of a patient's current
home medications, may enhance patient safety. Although there are no
published studies on medication reconciliation in an outpatient addictions
setting, opportunities exist for pharmacists to provide services in this
setting. Description of Innovative Service: This project took place at the
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health's outpatient Addiction Medicine
Clinic in Toronto, Canada. A pharmacist was embedded in the clinic for one
month to conduct medication histories with patients, identify drug therapy
problems, and report findings to the clinic team. The pharmacist and clinic
team targeted patients who would likely benefit from the service and
patients must have been currently taking a medication prescribed at the
clinic to be included. A retrospective review of the patient health record
for medication documentation in the past 6 months was also completed.
Discrepancies were defined as any omissions or errors in documentation of
drug, dose, or frequency when comparing the medication list the pharmacist
obtained to the medication list on the patient health record (if present).
Four independent clinicians (physician, nurse and 2 pharmacists) assessed
the potential impact of the discrepancies identified. Impact on Practice:
Thirty-two patients were interviewed by the pharmacist. These patients were
taking a mean of 7 + 4 medications in addition to their clinic-prescribed
medications. The pharmacist identified 34 discrepancy-related drug therapy
problems in 21 patients. The drug therapy problems were either actual or
potential drug interactions (73%) or adverse drug reactions (24%).
Clinicians classified the drug therapy problems as causing minimal (28.6%),
moderate (38.1%), or severe (33.3%) patient discomfort or clinical
deterioration. Conclusion: Patients attending specialty clinics are at risk
of drug therapy problems related to medication record discrepancies. From
the experience of this project, it has been identified that a formal
medication reconciliation process is needed in this specialty ambulatory
setting, a potentially valuable role for psychiatric pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
college
hospital
medication therapy management
outpatient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
Canada
deterioration
documentation
drug dose
drug interaction
drug therapy
health
mental health
nurse
patient
patient safety
physician
risk
substance abuse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 583
TITLE
Pilot study of cue induced targeting of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
(TMS) in nicotine addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Boggs D.L.
Gorelick D.A.
Wittenberg G.F.
Kelly D.L.
Marshall V.H.
Holcomb H.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Boggs D.L.; Wittenberg G.F.; Kelly D.L.; Marshall V.H.; Holcomb H.H.)
University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.
(Boggs D.L.; Kelly D.L.; Marshall V.H.; Holcomb H.H.) Maryland Psychiatric
Research Center, Catonsville, United States.
(Gorelick D.A.) Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug
Abuse, NIH, Baltimore, United States.
(Wittenberg G.F.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, GRCC, Baltimore, United
States.
(Holcomb H.H.) Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.L. Boggs, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (172-173). Date of Publication:
April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive tool for modulating brain neuronal
activity. High frequency stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
(DLPFC) using repetitive TMS (rTMS) is believed to have a modulatory effect
on the mesolimbic and mesostriatal dopaminergic systems, areas associated
with reward and desire. These pathways are heavily implicated in
neurobiological mechanisms of drug addiction. Treatment for nicotine
addiction is often unsatisfactory and characterized by high rates of
relapse. Cue induced craving (CIC) is a significant factor in relapse to
substance use during abstinence. In this study, we will use single-pulse TMS
(spTMS) to disrupt CIC by stimulating a cortical brain region enhanced by
nicotine cues as assessed by fMRI Objectives: 1) Evaluate the efficacy and
safety of spTMS for reducing cue-induced nicotine craving. 2) Identify the
brain regions associated with cue-induced craving for nicotine using fMRI.
3) Evaluate if spTMS sessions change the regional brain response to
nicotineassociated cues using fMRI. 4) Evaluate if disruption of cue-induced
nicotine craving by spTMS is associated with decreased nicotine use.
Methods: A 3-week, double-blind, pilot study to test whether 5 days of
treatment with spTMS, delivered in association with nicotineassociated
visual cues, reduces nicotine craving in healthy nicotinedependent
individuals. Subjects will be randomly assigned to receive active spTMS (n =
15) or sham stimulation (n = 15) for 5 days, followed by 2 weeks of weekly
follow-up visits. Subjects will participate in MRI scanning before the first
and after the last spTMS sessions. fMRI data will be acquired to determine
the optimal location for spTMS pulse delivery. During each fMRI session,
participants will be exposed to neutral, positive non-drug, and
nicotine-associated cues. The second fMRI will evaluate whether spTMS has
altered the regional brain response to nicotine-cue-induced craving.
Outcomes: We will report subject demographic characteristics, previous
substance use, changes in regional brain activation (by fMRI), salivary
cotinine, expired breath CO, self-reported craving for nicotine, and
self-reported use of nicotine.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cotinine
nicotine
nitrogen 15
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
pharmacist
pilot study
tobacco dependence
transcranial magnetic stimulation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
association
brain
brain region
breathing
demography
dopaminergic system
drug dependence
follow up
functional magnetic resonance imaging
nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
prefrontal cortex
pulse rate
relapse
reward
safety
stimulation
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 584
TITLE
Student perceptions on the use of blackboard to deliver course materials in
a psychiatric pharmacy elective
AUTHOR NAMES
Brahm N.C.
Davis T.S.
Richard M.D.
Stilwell E.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brahm N.C.; Davis T.S.; Richard M.D.; Stilwell E.N.) University of Oklahoma
College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice: Clinical and
Administrative Services, Schusterman Campus, Tulsa, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.C. Brahm, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmacy Practice: Clinical and Administrative Services, Schusterman Campus,
Tulsa, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (159). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Background: The extent to which the
availability of psychiatric pharmacy education in colleges and schools of
pharmacy curriculum is addressed was evaluated by Cates and colleagues using
a mailed survey instrument to these institutions. In 2007, there were 91
potential responders. Information was received from 49 of 91 colleges or
schools (a 54% return). Twenty-six colleges and schools (53%) considered
psychiatric pharmacy a curriculum content focus although only about
one-fourth of the institutions offered elective didactic courses in
psychiatric pharmacy. With regards to substance-related disorders,
approximately 20% of the institutions did not cover this topic in clinical
therapeutics courses. If included, the amount of instruction clinical
therapeutics courses averaged about 3 hours. Objective: To determine the
value of using online learning via Blackboard in the professional program in
pharmacy as perceived by the student stakeholders in a psychiatric pharmacy
elective. Methods: Students enrolled in the Psychoactive Substances elective
course participated in a focus group session. Students were asked a series
of open-ended questions. The responses were recorded in writing for
qualitative analysis by the researchers. Results: All students (17)
participated in the focus group. When asked about some of their thoughts
regarding the online learning experience, 100% requested additional courses.
Satisfaction with the course was rated good or excellent by 100%. Feedback
regarding changes for the course included the addition of a midterm
examination and more peer-to-peer learning opportunities. Students were
satisfied with the instructor use of Blackboard (100%). Conclusions: Student
feedback was positive. They expressed satisfaction with the course, delivery
style, (e.g.,movies, websites, peer-to-peer discussions), information
covered, and learning experience. They requested additional courses with
this format, offered suggestions for future courses, and requested the
addition of a midterm examination.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
pharmacist
pharmacy
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
audiovisual equipment
curriculum
education
examination
feedback system
information processing
learning
qualitative analysis
satisfaction
school
therapy
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 585
TITLE
Implementation and outcomes of a pharmacy managed clinic for veterans in a
substance abuse residential rehabilitation treatment program
AUTHOR NAMES
McNeil J.
Johnson C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McNeil J.; Johnson C.) William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. McNeil, William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (169-170). Date of Publication:
April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: The purpose of this study is to
evaluate the impact of a newly implemented pharmacy managed service in the
Addictive Disorders Treatment Program (ADTP) at the William S. Middleton
Veterans Medical Center. ADTP provides services to patients suffering from a
variety of addictive disorders. One treatment option available is the
Substance Abuse Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Program (SARRTP.)
Patients receiving residential treatment may have a lapse in primary care
services if their primary care provider is based out of a different
facility. This often results in undesirable outcomes including unnecessary
emergency department (ED) visits or unaddressed medical needs. Additionally,
these patients have often made significant lifestyle modifications including
alcohol/drug cessation and dietary changes that can have a major impact on
their chronic medical conditions. A pharmacy managed clinic was created for
these patients to address medical issues as appropriate within the scope of
the pharmacist. Objectives: 1) Describe the need for a pharmacy-managed
clinic to provide services to patients undergoing residential treatment for
substance abuse. 2) Identify interventions that can be made by a pharmacist
in a medication management clinic. 3) Recognize potential cost-savings and
benefits of a pharmacy-managed clinic for patients undergoing residential
substance abuse treatment. Methods: A retrospective chart review will be
performed using the Computerized Patient Record System to assess outcomes of
a newly implemented pharmacy managed clinic for SARRTP patients.
Institutional review board approval will be obtained prior to data
collection. Outcomes assessed will include number and purpose of ED visits
as well as number and type of pharmacist interventions. A list will be
generated of ED visits forSARRTP patients for a six month period prior to
the start of the pharmacy managed clinic and for a six month period
following the initiation of the clinic. Differences in the number and
purpose of ED visits between the two time periods will be compared. A chart
review will be performed for all patients in residential treatment who
received care from the pharmacy managed clinic. Number and type of
pharmacist interventions will be assessed. Outcomes/Conclusions: Pending.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
hospital
pharmacist
pharmacy
rehabilitation
substance abuse
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cost control
drug therapy
electronic medical record
emergency ward
information processing
institutional review
lifestyle modification
medical record review
patient
primary medical care
residential care
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 586
TITLE
Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practice of pharmacists regarding
counseling of chemical dependent patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Tomko J.R.
Giannetti V.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tomko J.R.; Giannetti V.J.) Duquesne University Mylan, School of Pharmacy,
Division of Clinical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Tomko, Duquesne University Mylan, School of Pharmacy, Division of
Clinical, Social, and Administrative Sciences, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (157). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Background: With the availability of
medications to treat chemical dependency in the ambulatory and community
setting, such as buprenorphine, pharmacists are increasingly involved in
delivering pharmacy services to chemically dependent populations. The
objectives of this study were to assess the attitudes, beliefs, knowledge,
and practice of pharmacists regarding the delivery of pharmacy services to
drug dependent patients. In addition, the study sought to assess what
factors predicted counseling of drug dependent patients by pharmacists.
Methods: A questionnaire to assess attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, and
practices of pharmacist regarding chemically dependent patients was
developed. The knowledge section of the questionnaire did not focus
specifically upon medication but attempted to assess the pharmacist's
understanding of the overall treatment and disease state management of
addictive disorders. Statements had a factual basis, and response confidence
was rated on a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire was pre-tested upon
eight pharmacists who were not included in the study and was revised based
upon comments to improve clarity of the items. A random sample of 1000
Pennsylvania pharmacists taken from a list obtained from the Pennsylvania
State Board of Pharmacy yielded a response rate of 11%. Results: Respondent
mean score for knowledge was 38.5% correct. The response “do not know” was
counted as incorrect. Of incorrect responses, 48.1% endorsed “do not know”
as a response. Knowledge of chemical dependency treatment, frequency of
dispensing of medications to treat chemical dependency, lack of negative
attitudes toward chemical dependent patients, years in practice, and
confidence in counseling patients were utilized in a regression analysis to
predict both the practice of and confidence in counseling. Lack of negative
attitudes (r = ≥0.7; P = 0.006), knowledge of chemical dependency treatment
(r = 0.22; P = 0.02), and frequency of dispensing medications to treat
addictions (r = 0.22; P = 0.01) were factors that predicted pharmacist
confidence in counseling chemically dependent patients. Only years in
practice predicted pharmacist disease state management services to
opioid-dependent patients (r = 0.297; P = 0.003). Conclusions: There is a
need for more education of pharmacists in chemical dependency. However the
most effective forms of education for chemical dependency appear to be
actual experience with chemically dependent patents.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
counseling
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
community
drug therapy
education
hospital department
patent
pharmacy
population
questionnaire
random sample
regression analysis
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 587
TITLE
A pilot study on the side effect burden of ADD/ADHD treatment. Child vs.
parent perspective
AUTHOR NAMES
Clemetson R.K.
Rey J.A.
Reitman D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Clemetson R.K.; Rey J.A.) College of Pharmacy, Southeastern University,
Fort Lauderdale, United States.
(Reitman D.) Center for Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University,
Fort Lauderdale, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.K. Clemetson, College of Pharmacy, Southeastern University, Fort
Lauderdale, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (164). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Attention deficit disorder/
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD) occur in approximately
3%-7% of the childhood population and approximately 2%-5% of the adult
population in the US. Among children the gender ratio is approximately 3:1,
with boys more likely to have the disorder than girls. Medications for
ADD/ADHD help many children focus and be more successful at school, home,
and play. Addressing side effects may actually help prevent negative future
outcomes (e.g., addictions and other emotional problems later in life.)
Parents often make the decisions regarding their child's treatment. This is
based on their observations/experiences with the stimulant medication and
possibly what the children report. The issue is how to strike a balance.
This pilot study will explore the impact of the side effect burden of
medications used to treat ADD/ADHD and what methods are used to address this
issue. Objectives: 1) Identify the differences in perceived side effects of
ADD/ADHD treatment. 2) Consolidate coping strategies that parents and
children use to overcome these side effects. 3) Assess if this assessment
tool can be implemented and utilized in a larger population. Methods:
Subjects will be recruited from patients attending clinic for evaluation and
or treatment from the specialty clinics at the Center for Psychological
Studies, Nova Southeastern University. Subject pairs will be chosen from
patients who are diagnosed and treated for ADD/ADHD. Questionnaires will
capture demographics, side effects and severity, and strategies, if any, for
overcoming the side effect burden. The results will be summarized and
subjected to statistical analysis. Central tendency statistics and t-test
will be used to assess significance of the data. Outcomes: Investigators
will report the side effect burden as it is perceived by both parties and
compare this to the demographic characteristics, education level, and length
of therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
central stimulant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
child
college
parent
pharmacist
pilot study
side effect
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
adult
attention deficit disorder
boy
childhood
coping behavior
demography
drug therapy
education
gender
girl
hospital
patient
population
questionnaire
school
statistical analysis
statistics
Student t test
treatment duration
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 588
TITLE
Long-term smoking cessation outcomes in a veteran population
AUTHOR NAMES
Smith L.
Hawley J.
Vest B.
Wood R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Smith L.; Hawley J.; Vest B.; Wood R.) Salem Veterans Affairs Medical
Center (VAMC), Salem, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Smith, Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Salem, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (170). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Smoking is an addictive habit
that can be detrimental to patients' health. About 20.9% of the American
population smokes and almost 4000 children and adolescents become addicted
to nicotine products daily. When a person becomes addicted to nicotine it is
common for a person to try and quit 3 to 4 times before being successful.
There are many first line agents used by practitioners and patients for
smoking cessation such as nicotine replacement (patch, gum, and lozenge),
bupropion tablets, and varenicline tablets to treat tobacco use disorders.
Recently, there have been new scientific findings that led to a change in
smoking cessation recommendations from the Surgeon General. The US
Department of Health and Human Services released updated recommendations
that state NRT used for a period of >14 weeks is highly effective.
Additionally, the update includes counseling and behavioral modifications
that should be used in smoking cessation. This study will evaluate the
clinical outcome of long-term therapy options by comparing three different
interventions for smoking cessation in the veteran population. Objectives:
To evaluate various treatment interventions in a veteran population.
Methods: This is an open study of patients who attend Salem Veterans Affairs
Medical Center smoking cessation clinic between October 2009 and February
2010 who accept participation in the survey study. Patients included in the
survey study will be treated with one of the following regimens: varenicline
for 12 weeks, nicotine replacement combination for 18 weeks, or nicotine
replacement combination bupropion for 18 weeks. Subjects will be contacted
and monitored monthly with phone visits to complete followup surveys for a
period of 18 weeks. The primary outcome of the study is abstinence from
smoking versus continued smoking and will be analyzed using chi square test
with a Bonferoni correction. Additionally the study will assess stressors
and early stoppage of treatment as secondary parameters. Outcomes: We will
report the percent of participants within each treatment group that were
successful with smoking cessation at 18 weeks. We will also report any
stressors that were found in the veteran population that contributed to the
difficulty of smoking cessation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone
nicotine
varenicline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
pharmacist
population
smoking cessation
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
adolescent
chi square test
child
counseling
follow up
habit
health
hospital
human
long term care
lozenge
open study
patient
physician
smoke
smoking
surgeon
tablet
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 589
TITLE
Psychiatric pharmacy practice in the corrections setting
AUTHOR NAMES
McKee J.
Armstead L.
Chin T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McKee J.; Armstead L.; Chin T.) University of Texas, Medical Branch
Correctional Managed Care, Huntsville, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. McKee, University of Texas, Medical Branch Correctional Managed Care,
Huntsville, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (179). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: A number of legal, social,
and political factors have precipitated the current epidemic of mental
health issues in the corrections setting, as persons with severe and
persistent mental illness are increasingly being shifted from the state
hospital setting to corrections, often referred to as the “criminalization
of mental illness.” Description of Practice: There are a variety of setting
specific issues which must be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of
mental illness. Further, there is substantive data correlating major
psychopathology with an increased re-incarceration risk, making it
imperative that mental illness is diagnosed and treated appropriately.
Impact on Patient Care: Special patient care considerations unique to the
correctional setting include substance abuse of commonly used
psychotherapeutic agents, potential for malingering, suicide screening and
surveillance, and the consideration of effect on heat tolerance and
environmental issues introduced by psychoactive medication use. The Pharmacy
and Therapeutics Committee utilizes treatment algorithms called disease
management guidelines (DMGs) and formulary management to guide prescriptive
practices to most effectively utilize limited resources. Within the Texas
Department of Criminal Justice DMG and medication access construct, the
Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee and Psychiatric Subcommittee uses
evidence based practices to support the DMG development process. There is an
expedited nonformulary review and appeal process for specific cases where
the treatment algorithm is not felt to be suitable for a specific patient's
needs. The role of psychiatric pharmacist in this practice is in guiding the
Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee in areas of formulary and DMG
development, clinical staff education, case specific consultative
evaluations, and in managing a direct patient care clinic. Conclusions: The
psychiatric clinical pharmacist has a significant impact on resource
utilization to improve access to care for all, impact on individual cases
via consultation, education-shaping prescriptive practices via DMG
development. There are a number of medications with known risk for abuse in
corrections, including quetiapine, clonidine, bupropion, and
anticholinergics (benztropine, trihexyphenidyl) further making the expertise
of the psychiatric clinical pharmacist an integral part of the mental
healthcare team.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone
benzatropine
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
clonidine
quetiapine
trihexyphenidyl
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
algorithm
consultation
criminal justice
diagnosis
disease management
drug therapy
education
epidemic
evidence based practice
health care
heat tolerance
hospital
malingering
mental disease
mental health
patient
patient care
pharmacy and therapeutics committee
politics
publication
risk
screening
staff training
substance abuse
suicide
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 590
TITLE
Notifications of addictovigilance from the college of pharmacists' council
AUTHOR NAMES
Gerardin M.
Cozian G.
Victorri-Vigneau C.
Jolliet P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gerardin M.; Cozian G.; Victorri-Vigneau C.; Jolliet P.) Service de
Pharmacologie Clinique, CHU de Nantes, France.
(Victorri-Vigneau C.; Jolliet P.) EA4275 Biostatistiques, Recherche
Clinique, Mesures Subjectives en Santé, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Gerardin, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, CHU de Nantes, France.
SOURCE
Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology (2010) 24 SUPPL. 1 (96). Date of
Publication: April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
14th Annual Meeting of the French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics,
the 77th Annual Meeting of the Society of Physiology, the 31st
Pharmacovigilance Meeting, the 11th APNET Seminar and the 8th CHU CIC
Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Bordeaux, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-23 to 2010-03-25
ISSN
0767-3981
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Background: In France, pharmacists can report events related to drugs'
misuse to the College of Pharmacists' Council. The regional Council
disseminates the information to all pharmacists in the administration area.
In the Pays de la Loire area, these local alerts are also transmitted to the
Center for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependance (CEIP) of
Nantes, who registers these reports. Objectives: We propose here to analyse
the data collected via this system. Methods: All the notifications from the
Council of pharmacists received by the Center for Evaluation and Information
on Pharmacodependance of Nantes have been analysed. Data were available from
2005 to 2009. Results: More than 350 reports have been registered from 2005
to the end of 2009. Nearly 70% concerned the department of Loire-Atlantique,
10% concerned Vendée, 10% Maine et Loire, 6% Sarthe and 4% Mayenne. The
total number of statements varies from 50 to 100 per year. The purpose of
these notices is (in descending order of frequency): prescription's
falsification, professional card's theft, prescription's theft, medical or
pharmaceutical nomadism, professional stamp's theft, computer's theft,
abusive self prescriptions from a doctor. Considering the evolution between
2005 and 2009, following trends are observed: Prescription's falsifications
and thefts (all combined) increased whereas the nomadism decreased. In more
than 200 cases, drugs are specified. Benzodiazepines are the most frequently
cited, followed by opiates, antidepressants and neuroleptics. Conclusion:
These results are representative of the ways used by patients to circumvent
the law in order to get drugs. Concerning the drugs cited on the
prescriptions, our results are consistent with those of other surveys. These
partnership between the CEIP of Nantes and the regional College of
Pharmacists'Council is original and has not been established in all French
CEIP. It provides a rich compendium of information for evaluation in
addictovigilance.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine derivative
neuroleptic agent
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug surveillance program
pharmacist
pharmacology
physiology
society
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
computer
France
patient
physician
prescription
register
theft
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00819.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 591
TITLE
Assessing the need for patient education in liver transplant patients using
psychiatric medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Wackernah R.C.
Knox E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wackernah R.C.; Knox E.) University of Southern, California University
Hospital, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.C. Wackernah, University of Southern, California University Hospital, Los
Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (165). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Transplant patients can have co
morbid psychiatric conditions, previous substance abuse history and
immunosuppressive regimens that can lead to alterations in mood. The
prevalence of severe post transplant depression has been reported as 14%.
Moderate post transplant anxiety has been reported as 16%. Patients may not
receive complete education regarding their psychiatric medication due to the
complex immunosuppressive regimens they are required to adhere to. Patient
knowledge has been shown to lack in medication regimens associated with
chronic disease states and is often linked to poor adherence. It is
hypothesized that liver transplant patients will not fully understand the
purpose of their psychiatric medications, and by identifying this lack of
knowledge, a need for additional education can be assessed. Objectives:
Primary outcome is to determine the patient's understanding of psychiatric
medications regarding their need for the medication and side effects.
Secondary outcomes will seek to find correlations with the need for
knowledge and age or sex of patient, timing of transplant in comparison to
initiation of psychiatric treatment, and the specialty of the physician who
initially prescribed the psychiatric medication. Methods: Descriptive study
to survey adult liver transplant patients on psychiatric medications
(antidepressant, antianxiety, antipsychotic, mood-stabilizer) who present to
an out-patient post transplant clinic. Goal sample size is 75. Medication
reconciliation forms will be used to screen for psychiatric medications.
Survey will take less than five minutes. Age and sex of the patient will be
collected. Patients will be asked if they understand the therapeutic and
side effects of their medications, questions that relate to the timing of
the start of their regimens, and if they are interested in learning more.
Outcomes: The percentages of patients who do not know the psychiatric
medication's indication and side effects will be reported separately. The
percentage will be compared against the patient's age and sex. Timing of
psychiatric treatment compared to transplant and specialty of prescribing
physician will also be reported. The information gathered will be used to
evaluate the need for a psychiatric pharmacist to help educate transplant
patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
mood stabilizer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
liver graft
patient
patient education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
anxiety
chronic disease
education
hospital
learning
medication therapy management
mood
outpatient
physician
prevalence
psychiatric treatment
sample size
side effect
substance abuse
transplantation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 592
TITLE
Potential modafinil abuse in a 46-year-old male
AUTHOR NAMES
Price P.L.
Fagan N.L.
Malesker M.A.
Hsieh H.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Price P.L.; Fagan N.L.; Malesker M.A.; Hsieh H.T.) Creighton University,
School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, United States.
(Price P.L.; Fagan N.L.; Hsieh H.T.) Alegent Health, Immanuel Medical
Center, Omaha, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.L. Price, Creighton University, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions,
Omaha, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (186). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Therapeutic Case Report. Background: Medications that
increase dopamine in the accumbens area of the brain are known to have the
potential for abuse, and with this understanding, the dependence and abuse
of the product needs to be brought to the attention of healthcare
practitioners. Case Report: A 46-year-old male patient admitted from an
outpatient clinic presented with grandiose and delusional thinking that he
possessed the explanation of time. He discontinued his antipsychotic
medication earlier in the week since it caused his crazy thinking. He
reported not sleeping for three days prior to admission, and that he had
increased productivity. His diagnosis was bipolar affective disorder with
psychotic features. Laboratory values were within normal limits. Home
medications upon admission included aspirin, paliperidone, escitalopram,
pantoprazole, topiramate, diazepam, bupropion, and simvastatin. He had an
extensive prior history of substance abuse including alcohol, lorazepam,
speed, marijuana, LSD, methamphetamines, cocaine, and most recently
modafinil. He reported that he used as much modafinil that he could get his
hands on in a day. He reported being very productive when on this medication
and feeling euphoric. He also reported during this hospitalization that when
discharged if he could get modafinil he would take it. His original exposure
to the modafinil is unknown. It was unclear during this admission as to how
recently he had been abusing modafinil or if it contributed to this
admission, but apparently he had used it within the last few weeks. He was
discharged after a 15-day stay on the following medications; pantoprazole,
simvastatin, aspirin, topiramate, alprazolam, aripiprazole, clopidogrel,
divalproex sodium extended release, docusate sodium, and fenofibrate. Review
of Literature: A recent report by Volkow and colleagues of the effects of
modafinil on dopamine and dopamine transporters in the human brain has been
published. This pilot study found that modafinil increased dopamine in the
nucleus accumbens area of the brain. Drugs that increase dopamine in this
area may have the potential for abuse. Conclusion: This case supports the
potential for modafinil's dependence and abuse. Prescribers need to be aware
of this potential when considering modafinil as a treatment option for
various disease states.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
modafinil
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid
alcohol
alprazolam
amfebutamone
aripiprazole
cannabis
clopidogrel
cocaine
diazepam
docusate sodium
dopamine
dopamine transporter
escitalopram
fenofibrate
lorazepam
lysergide
methamphetamine
paliperidone
pantoprazole
simvastatin
topiramate
valproate semisodium
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
college
male
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bipolar disorder
brain
case report
diagnosis
drug therapy
exposure
health care personnel
hospitalization
human
laboratory
nucleus accumbens
outpatient department
patient
pilot study
productivity
psychosis
sleep
substance abuse
velocity
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 593
TITLE
Acute dystonia associated with paliperidone in a multi-drug overdose
AUTHOR NAMES
Cunningham J.L.
Lapid M.I.
Hugo Z.
Kung S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cunningham J.L.) Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine,
Rochester, United States.
(Lapid M.I.; Hugo Z.; Kung S.) Department of Psychiatry and Psychology,
Rochester, United States.
(Lapid M.I.; Kung S.) Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Cunningham, Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine,
Rochester, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (182-183). Date of Publication:
April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Therapeutic Case Report. Background: Paliperidone, a
benzisoxazole derivative, is the major active metabolite of risperidone. It
is approved for the acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia and
schizoaffective disorder. We report a multi-drug overdose case resulting in
a significant adverse drug reaction. Patient History: A 22-year-old male
with a history of bipolar disorder, ADHD, polysubstance dependence
(amphetamine, benzodiazepine, marijuana, and alcohol), and dependent
personality traits, was admitted to the intensive care unit after a
multidrug ingestion with 42 mg of paliperidone, 7500 mg bupropion, 750 mg
sertraline, and 3 mg lorazepam. A urine drug abuse survey was positive only
for amphetamines and benzodiazepines. Once stable, the patient was
transferred to the inpatient psychiatric unit. Approximately 48 hours
following the ingestion, the patient suddenly developed sustained muscular
spasms of his neck and jaw. His neck became very stiff, arched to one side,
he was unable to move his neck or head to the other side, and his jaw became
stiff. His tongue enlarged and protruded from his mouth. Throughout the
entire episode, vital signs were stable, he was afebrile, and he was alert
and oriented. Electrocardiogram, serum creatine kinase and lactate
dehydrogenase were within normal limits. The dystonic reaction resolved
completely within a few minutes after the administration of intramuscularly
diphenhydramine. No additional acute dystonic episodes occurred during the
remainder of his hospitalization. Of note, no psychotropic medications had
been restarted following the overdose. Review of Literature: Paliperidone
package insert information describes an overdose of 405 mg that resulted in
extrapyramidal symptoms and gait unsteadiness. There are several literature
case reports of risperidone overdose clinical scenarios. Common symptoms
reported include tachycardia, sedation, hypotension and the association with
EKG changes. The unique extended release delivery system of paliperidone
raises the question of time course for anticipated symptoms following an
overdose. Additionally, bupropion and sertraline have also been associated
with dystonic reactions and may have contributed to the development of the
reaction. Conclusion: We emphasize the importance of recognizing the
potential occurrence of delayed acute dystonic reactions following an
overdose involving paliperidone and the need for close monitoring.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
paliperidone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
amfebutamone
amphetamine
amphetamine derivative
benzodiazepine
benzodiazepine derivative
cannabis
diphenhydramine
lactate dehydrogenase
lorazepam
risperidone
sertraline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug overdose
dystonia
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
attention deficit disorder
bipolar disorder
case report
creatine kinase blood level
dependent personality disorder
drug abuse
drug therapy
electrocardiogram
extrapyramidal symptom
gait
hospital patient
hospitalization
hypotension
ingestion
intensive care unit
intoxication
jaw
maintenance therapy
male
medical history
metabolite
monitoring
muscle spasm
neck
patient
psychiatric department
schizoaffective psychosis
schizophrenia
sedation
tachycardia
tongue
unsteadiness
urine
vital sign
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 594
TITLE
Pharmacist-directed PTSD medication management clinic at the VAWNY
healthcare system
AUTHOR NAMES
Hyatt J.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hyatt J.M.) VAWNY Healthcare System, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.M. Hyatt, VAWNY Healthcare System, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (149). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Influx of Veterans of
Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) has
prompted changes in how mental health services are delivered. Young veterans
are often reluctant to accept medication therapy, limiting treatment
compliance and success. Our psychiatric service is overburdened, prompting
referral of new veterans to the emergency room for psychiatric services. The
PTSD Medication Management Clinic was developed to help meet the needs
returning veterans with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinic
goals include evaluation of new veterans at point of entry, disease-state
and medication education, and frequent follow-up in clinic to support
education and compliance. Description of Innovative Service: OEF/OIF
veterans are referred to the PTSD Medication Management Clinic by the
OEF/OIF Department, primary care, ER, and behavioral health providers.
Initial evaluation includes mental status exam and rating scale evaluations
as indicated. Initial evaluation, education, medication prescribing and
follow up are provided by the author. Patients may be referred for
additional services as appropriate including individual psychotherapy, group
therapy, neuropsychology evaluation, polytrauma evaluation, substance abuse
services, and vocational rehabilitation. Impact on Patient Care: In the
first 12 months that the clinic was in operation, 105 patients received
services for a total of 531 clinic visits. Initially, the clinic was
averaging 15-20 appointments per month. Currently, 60 to 80 patients are
seen monthly. 87% of patients are male. The average time of the initial
clinic visit is 60-90 minutes. Follow-up visits average 30-45 minutes. Most
commonly seen symptoms include irritability, anxiety, insomnia and
depression. Patients who remain in the clinic for more than 1 month have an
83% compliance rate with appointments. Measurable outcomes include
psychiatric hospitalizations and changes in functional status (school,
work), substance use, and personal relationships. Conclusion: The increased
demand for mental health services for OEF/OIF veterans has created a niche
for pharmacist-managed medication therapy as part of a multidisciplinary
approach to treatment of veterans with symptoms of PTSD. We have been
encouraged by the success of the clinic and are planning outcomes research
to better define the role of pharmacists in medication management for this
population.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
drug therapy
health care system
hospital
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anxiety
education
emergency ward
follow up
functional status
group therapy
health
hospitalization
insomnia
irritability
male
mental health
mental health service
multiple trauma
neuropsychology
outcomes research
patient
patient care
patient compliance
planning
population
primary medical care
rating scale
school
substance abuse
therapy
veteran
vocational rehabilitation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 595
TITLE
Evaluation of treatment continuation rates of aripiprazole and quetiapine in
patients with bipolar disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Kreys T.-J.
Coley K.
Saul M.
Fabian T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kreys T.-J.) Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center, United
States.
(Kreys T.-J.) South Carolina College of Pharmacy at Medical, University of
South Carolina, United States.
(Coley K.; Fabian T.) University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, United
States.
(Saul M.) University of Pittsburgh, Department of Biomedical Informatics,
United States.
(Fabian T.) Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.-J. Kreys, Medical University of South Carolina Medical Center, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (156). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Background: Several atypical antipsychotic
agents are indicated for the treatment of acute bipolar episodes and/or
maintenance therapy; however, few head-to-head comparison studies have been
conducted. Objective: The objective of this naturalistic study was to assess
treatment continuation rates for aripiprazole and quetiapine in patients
with bipolar disorder at the time of discharge from the hospital. Patient
and treatment variables that may influence treatment continuation rates were
also evaluated. Methods: This was a retrospective, cohort study conducted at
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic of the University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center. Patients were included in the analysis if they were greater
than or equal to 18 years of age, had an ICD-9 diagnosis code of bipolar
affective disorder, were admitted between July 2005 and June 2008, and were
newly initiated on aripiprazole or quetiapine. Patients were excluded from
the study if they had no documentation of admission and/or discharge
medications, were treated with quetiapine at doses less than 200 mg/d, or
were treated with both aripiprazole and quetiapine during the index
hospitalization. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess
covariates that impacted treatment continuation rates. Results: A total of
392 patients were included in the study (aripiprazole cohort: n = 209;
quetiapine cohort: n = 183). Baseline demographics were similar between
cohorts with the exception of bipolar subtype (P = 0.045) and substance
abuse history (P < 0.001). There was no difference in antipsychotic
treatment continuation rates between cohorts, with 85% of aripiprazole
patients and 81% of quetiapine patients continuing their index antipsychotic
agent at discharge (P = 0.254). Logistic regression analysis revealed that
younger patients (P = 0.001) and those with a shorter length of stay (P =
0.002) were more likely to continue treatment with their index
antipsychotic. Patients who were treated concomitantly with valproic
acid/divalproex (OR = 0.52, P = 0.034) or lithium (OR = 0.40, P = 0.008)
were less likely to continue treatment with their index antipsychotic.
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in antipsychotic treatment
continuation rates at discharge in patients with bipolar disorder treated
with quetiapine or aripiprazole. However, in this patient population,
antipsychotic treatment continuation was influenced by patient age, length
of stay, and concomitant use of mood stabilizers.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aripiprazole
quetiapine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
atypical antipsychotic agent
lithium
mood stabilizer
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bipolar disorder
college
patient
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cohort analysis
diagnosis
documentation
drug therapy
hospital
hospitalization
length of stay
logistic regression analysis
maintenance therapy
population
regression analysis
substance abuse
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 596
TITLE
Pediatricians' self-reported treatment and pharmacotherapy monitoring of
children and adolescents with major depressive disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Pfalzgraf A.
Schwab M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pfalzgraf A.; Schwab M.) Duquesne University's Mylan, School of Pharmacy,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Pfalzgraf, Duquesne University's Mylan, School of Pharmacy, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (172). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD)
in children and adolescents is a serious public health problem in the US
There are risks associated with untreated MDD. Children and adolescents with
MDD have a greater risk for drug abuse, difficulties in school, impaired
functioning, and even suicide. Given there are serious consequences
associated with this disorder, treatment of children and adolescents with
this MDD, becomes crucial. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of child
psychiatrists in the US to treat these patients. Many children and
adolescents with MDD receive treatment from pediatricians. Pediatricians,
however, do not obtain the extensive training child psychiatrists receive to
treat children and adolescents with MDD. Since this is the case this study
will determine how pediatricians in OH, PA, and WV treat and monitor
children and/or adolescents with MDD and compare the findings with current
US FDA guidelines and AACAP recommendations. Objectives: 1) Determine
pediatricians' preferred treatment for children and adolescents with MDD. 2)
Determine how pediatricians monitor children and adolescents with MDD who
are treated with antidepressant therapy. 3) Compare pediatricians' treatment
and monitoring behaviors to the current FDA guidelines and AACAP
recommendations. Methods: The pediatricians in a national physician database
who practice in OH, PA, and WV will serve as the sample for the current
study (n = 3146). This study will utilize survey methodology. Data will be
collected via two survey mailings. The survey utilized in this study will
consist of 4 sections, and the questions are designed to obtain information
about prescribing habits to newly diagnosed children and adolescents with
MDD. A pilot study will be conducted to evaluate the clarity of the survey
instrument. The pilot study will consist of a random sample equal to 10% (or
315 subjects) of the total sample size. Outcomes: Pediatricians'
self-reported treatment and pharmacotherapy monitoring of children and/or
adolescents with MDD will be reported and compared to current treatment and
monitoring guidelines. The data obtained from this study will be utilized to
develop a larger, national study to determine treatment and monitoring
preferences among pediatricians for children and adolescents with MDD.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adolescent
child
college
drug therapy
major depression
monitoring
pediatrician
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
child psychiatry
data base
drug abuse
food and drug administration
habit
methodology
patient
physician
pilot study
public health problem
random sample
risk
sample size
school
suicide
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 597
TITLE
Teaching pharmacology in the medical faculty of medical university in sofia
AUTHOR NAMES
Boyadjieva N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Boyadjieva N.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty,
Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Boyadjieva, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty,
Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
SOURCE
Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology (2010) 30:1 (68-70). Date of
Publication: 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
6th National Congress of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Varna, Bulgaria
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-10-01 to 2009-10-04
ISSN
1474-8665
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Medical Faculty in
Sofia was founded and started education on pharmacology in 1945. It was the
first department teaching pharmacology in Bulgaria. Our department supported
the development of pharmacology teaching in the Universities of Varna,
Plovdiv, Pleven, Stara Zagora as well as pharmacology teaching in colleges
for nurses and medical workers. The department has a history in advancing
the progress of pharmacology as a scientific discipline. We offer a broad
range of educational opportunities from undergraduate studies to graduate
research leading toward the award of M.D. and Ph.D degrees. Our pharmacology
education involves undergraduate, graduate degree programs, online
pharmacology as well as professional education for medical doctors,
dentists, nurses and medical workers. The program of pharmacology education
in the Sofia Medical Faculty differs from pharmacy programs. Our program
combines pharmacology and drug toxicology into a single unit, focusing on
pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, toxicology, drug interactions,
prescriptions of drugs, etc., for medical students and doctors. The program
contains general, systems, integrative pharmacology and drug toxicology.
Students study pharmacology either as part of a medical degree or as part of
training to become researchers. The Medical Faculty in Sofia offers PhD
training in Pharmacology & Toxicology. The specialization in Pharmacology is
available. Currently, 300 medical students and 200 students from Dental
School are taking classes and examinations in pharmacology in our
department. The department competes to attract able students by offering new
courses and options. Problem-based learning (PBL) is gaining interest in
many medical schools. Although various approaches have been labelled PBL, it
remains unclear which approach is most appropriate for pharmacology courses.
There are numerous opportunities in the field of pharmacology available to
undergraduate students in our department. The department offers an
additional 7 PBL courses (modules) for students each academic year as
follows: (1) Pharmacotherapy of chronic disorders; (2) Pharmacology of Pain;
(3) Drug Abuse; (4) Pharmacotherapy of disorders in dentistry; (5)
Alternative medicine for therapy of social-related diseases; (6) Homeopathy;
(7) AIDS: pharmacotherapy. The courses focus on therapeutic and molecular
mechanisms of action for various drugs, used in the treatment of a large
spectrum of disorders (neuronal, brain, lung, cardio-vascular,
gastro-intestinal, muscular, cancers, immune-related diseases, arthritis,
AIDS, etc.). Our lectures correlate the effects of drugs and other chemical
agents with physiological, biochemical, microbiological, immunological or
behavioural factors influencing disease. Each of these courses is closely
interwoven with the experimental techniques of biochemistry, cellular and
molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, pathology, physiology, etc. The
role of the tutor in PBL courses also affects the choice of potential
tutors. Lecture-based pharmacology classes are typically taught by
established lecturers. PBL courses have tutors-professors from our
department. The results demonstrate the high level of interest from students
in PBL. For example: 220 students took PBL classes in pharmacology during
2008/2009. The teaching hours were up to 200. The lectures on pharmacology
and pharmacotherapy were given by eight professors and six assistant
professors. This experience has led to suggestions that the advantages of
PBL might manifest particularly in areas such as clinical competence and
pharmacotherapy. Our results suggest that there is high rank correlation
between assessment of student performance by computer and traditional
appraisal by written examination. We incorporated various teaching packages
on pharmacology for undergraduate students. The computer-assisted learning
is a part of our teaching process. Our department started with multimedia 25
years ago. In this department, the use of computer-assisted learning
software incorporating video, sound and animated graphics to replace
animal's experiments started 30 years ago. We developed video-films on
neuropharmacology, cardiopharmacology, pharmacolgy of pain, lung
pharmacology, general pharmacology, etc. and our films demonstrate
experimental benefits in teaching on pharmacology and drug toxicology. We
also developed written exams on pharmacology for medical students in
Bulgaria and published books with test questions in field of pharmacology.
Our department has a high level of respect due to the publication of books
on pharmacology. Our staff published 21 teaching books and up to 200
teaching chapters for medical students, students in dentistry, pharmacy,
nurses, etc. in the last 20 years. Moreover, we proposed the first new
pharmacology book in Bulgaria with illustrations/figures and textbooks for
practice. Our department, together with the Department of Biochemistry were
the first to make presentations about online pharmacology education at the
International Meeting in 2000. Subsequently the online teaching of
pharmacology was developed and accepted in 2008 as a support for teaching.
Additionally, medical students have the option to test their pharmacological
learning by using online tests developed by the department's staff. We
pioneered a new method in the education of medical students named 'Written
pharmacological chapters and competition for presentation' (WPC) in 2004.
Each student has to write four pages on scientific question in field of
pharmacology. Then, seven groups of professors and assistant professors in
pharmacology score the written chapters and select the best of them for
further competition and presentations. The department organizes the
scientific-educational workshop each year in May. Students who won the
competition present their posters or oral presentations. It is a big
scientific meeting with a lot of students, teachers, and medical doctors. It
is a great achievement in education on pharmacology. Posters presented news
in various fields in pharmacology, analysis of students, information about
scientific studies, etc. Multimedia oral presentations given by students
provided training in publicly communicating the science of pharmacology. The
results from last competition in 2009 were: (1) 250 students from 3rd
medical course wrote the chapters; (2) the average score was 5.50; (3) the
best chapters with score 6.00 + where written by 55 medical students; (4)
Oral presentations were made by eight students, posters presented by 38
students; (5) 200 students and guests participated in the scientific meeting
and discussions. The results demonstrated factual knowledge in the field of
pharmacology. Although the presentation of pharmacological facts in a
clinical and scientific context is likely to enhance medical student
motivation to study pharmacology, based on learning theories a further
enhancement of motivation can be expected by this new method in our
department. We observed improved self-determination and responsibility in
the students. We also observed that medical students were more able to take
responsibility for defining and achieving their own learning objectives in
pharmacology. Taken together, it appears that our new system of teaching
pharmacology enhances the quality of education. We started teaching
pharmacology for English speaking students in the Medical University in
Sofia in 2003. We publish programs, tests, lectures, etc in English. The new
module on 'Core information on pharmacotherapy of chronic disorders' was
developed for them in 2007. The department also created the 'Writing
pharmacological chapter and competition for presentation'. The results from
last competition of English speaking students were: (1) All 24 students
wrote chapters; (2) The average score was excellent (5.75); (3) All students
made oral presentation during workshop in May 2009. The unique opportunity
for undergraduate and graduate education in pharmacology, toxicology and
pharmacotherapy is the First Science-Educational School (SES) for capable
medical students. The department of Pharmacology and Toxicology organized
the school in 2007. Approximately 70-80 students took lectures, seminars,
workshops, posters discussions, etc. each year. The students with high
motivation and qualifications are admitted to the school. The aims are to
introduce the clinical, scientific and fundamental concepts in
pharmacotherapy to students, to develop medical doctor-scientist from the
3rd year of study in our university. Students have a chance to learn a lot
of from various great Bulgarian and European medical doctors and scientists.
The close relationship of the students with Acad. E. Golovinsky, Acad. C.
Cvetanov, Acad. P. Vasileva from the Bulgarian Academy of Science plays a
role in their scientific/educational motivation. The school celebrated its 2
year anniversary in May 2009. Students enrolled at the school to study
pharmacology, commenced their research projects where they are engaged in
developing new experimental pharmacological products. The students have
learned about and met great Bulgarian scientists in fields of endocrinology,
neurology, pharmacology, cancer research, immunology, psychiatry,
ophthalmology, molecular biology, microbiology. The students learned about
and celebrated the progress in medicine made by our teachers and great
scientists as Acad. R. Tzanev, Acad. T. Tashev, Acad. Ch. Nachev, Acad. I.
Puhlev, Acad. I. Penchev, Acad. D. Pashov, Acad. V. Petkov, Acad. C.
Angelov, Prof. D. Paskov, Prof. C. Stoichev, Prof. N. Shipkovenski, Prof. H.
Gelinov, Prof. A. Spasov, etc. The SES students met the leaders in medicine
from Bulgaria, USA, Europe and Asia. This has led to a high level of
interest in SES.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
chemical agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical school
pharmacology
teaching
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
achievement
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
alternative medicine
animal experiment
arthritis
Asia
awards and prizes
book
brain
Bulgaria
cancer research
clinical competence
college
competition
computer
computer program
dental education
dentist
dentistry
drug abuse
drug interaction
drug mechanism
drug therapy
education
endocrinology
Europe
examination
experimentation
genetics
graduate
homeopathy
immunology
learning
learning theory
lung
medical personnel
medical student
microbiology
molecular biology
motivation
multimedia
neoplasm
neurology
neuropharmacology
nurse
ophthalmology
pain
pathology
peripheral lymphocyte
pharmacokinetics
pharmacy
physician
physiology
prescription
problem based learning
psychiatry
responsibility
school
scientist
specialization
speech
student
teacher
therapy
toxicology
videorecording
vocational education
workshop
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2009.00451.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 598
TITLE
Antidepressant use in depressed kentucky medicaid youths
AUTHOR NAMES
Chandler H.E.
Zhong Q.
Botts S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chandler H.E.; Zhong Q.; Botts S.) University of Kentucky, College of
Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.E. Chandler, University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (151). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Purpose: To examine the extent of acute
and continuation antidepressant therapy for depression in youth and young
adults and identify variables associated with receipt of therapy. Methods:
Retrospective evaluation using a large administrative claims database.
Subjects include Kentucky Medicaid enrollees, less than 25 years of age,
with a new (index) episode of depression and 12months of continuous
eligibility during the time period of January 2000-December 2008. Subjects
were excluded if they received an antidepressant prescription in the 6
months prior to the index diagnosis. Acute antidepressant therapy was
defined as receipt of an antidepressant within the first 84 days following a
diagnosis of depression. Continuation treatment was defined as a medication
possession ratio 3/4 80% during first 6 months. Explanatory variables
included; subject demographics, care setting and location, service visits;
comorbid substance abuse, multiple depressive episodes, rural index, and
Appalachian county designation. Results: Of the 21,758 depression episodes
identified, 37% occurred in children (0-12 yrs), 44% in adolescent (13-18
yrs) and 19% in young adults (19-24 yrs). Twenty-one percent of the subjects
received acute antidepressant therapy and 10% of this group had adequate
continuation treatment. Follow-up visits increased the odds of receiving
both acute and continuation antidepressant treatment (OR 3.02, P < 0.001; OR
2.41, P < 0.001). Male gender (OR 0.91, P < 0.001), a previous episode of
depression (OR 0.61, P < 0.001), and receiving care from a mental health
provider (OR 0.54, P < 0.001) were associated with decreased odds of
receiving antidepressant therapy. Conclusion: Approximately one in five
Kentucky Medicaid youths receive antidepressant therapy for depression. This
low rate of treatment might reflect the risk of suicidal ideation associated
with antidepressant use in this age group. Interestingly, those receiving
care from a mental health provider were less likely to receive medication.
Further studies are planned to evaluate the role of nonpharmacological
interventions in this population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
juvenile
medicaid
pharmacist
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
child
data base
depression
diagnosis
drug therapy
explanatory variable
follow up
gender
groups by age
male
mental health
population
prescription
risk
substance abuse
suicidal ideation
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 599
TITLE
Rates of adherence for the filling of antidepressant prescriptions in a
medicaid population with chronic pain and depression
AUTHOR NAMES
Morrison S.
Andrew C.
Ives T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Morrison S.; Ives T.) University of North Carolina Eshelman, School of
Pharmacy, United States.
(Andrew C.; Ives T.) University of North Carolina, School of Medicine,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Morrison, University of North Carolina Eshelman, School of Pharmacy,
United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (173-174). Date of Publication:
April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: It is recognized that chronic
pain and depression coexist for many individuals. When depression presents
in chronic pain patients, the existing condition is often exacerbated and
functional status can decline. It is important for clinicians to assess both
pain and depressive symptoms when managing this patient population. There
are multiple proposed barriers to providing optimal care in chronic pain
patients. A potential reason for unsuccessful management of chronic pain is
nonadherence to antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Objectives: The purpose of
this study is to assess the adherence of antidepressant medications in
chronic pain patients. Common barriers to adherence of antidepressant
pharmacotherapy will also be identified. Methods: Subjects Medicaid patients
enrolled in the UNC General Medicine Pain Clinic with a dual diagnosis of
nonmalignant chronic pain and depression during the calendar year 2008. Data
Collection Fill rates of antidepressant prescriptions will be collected
using the North Carolina Pharmacy Home Database for the 2008 calendar year.
Electronic medical records will be used to determine new and existing
antidepressant prescriptions. These records will also be used to collect
baseline characteristics (i.e., demographics, type of chronic pain,
substance abuse history, access to mental health services). The Brief
Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) will be self-administered by participants to
assess nonadherence, negative beliefs, motivational barriers, adverse
events, recall barriers, and access barriers. The Adherence Risk Scale will
be calculated. Outcomes: 1) To obtain the fill rates for antidepressant
prescriptions in Medicaid patients with a dual diagnosis of nonmalignant
chronic pain and depression. 2) To report adherence barriers with
antidepressant pharmacotherapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain
college
medicaid
pharmacist
population
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
data base
depression
diagnosis
drug therapy
electronic medical record
functional status
general practice
information processing
mental health service
pain
pain clinic
patient
pharmacy
questionnaire
recall
risk
substance abuse
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 600
TITLE
Does type of bipolar disorder increase the risk of medication nonadherence?
AUTHOR NAMES
Farhadian S.
Lacro J.
Leckband S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Farhadian S.; Lacro J.) Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of California, San Diego, United States.
(Lacro J.; Leckband S.) Department of Psychiatry, University of California,
San Diego, United States.
(Lacro J.; Leckband S.) Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Farhadian, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of California, San Diego, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (166). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Medication nonadherence in
patients with bipolar disorder may lead to symptom relapse, as well as
severe complications including hospitalization or suicide. Many published
studies have reported the prevalence and addressed the predictors associated
with medication nonadherence in bipolar patients such as younger age,
minority ethnicity, comorbid substance abuse and homelessness. Little to no
information, however, is available regarding whether a difference exists
between patients with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder type. Objectives: To
determine the prevalence of, risk factors for and consequences of
nonadherence to commonly used medications in the management of Veterans with
bipolar disorder. Specifically, the role of bipolar type and medication
combinations will be evaluated. Methods: This retrospective study will
review computerized records for patients receiving at least one medication
for the treatment of bipolar disorder at the Veterans Affairs San Diego
Healthcare System (VASDHS) from October 1, 2008 through September 30, 2009.
Patients receiving care or medications for bipolar disorder outside the
VASDHS are excluded. Patients have previously been diagnosed as bipolar I or
bipolar II using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Medication adherence will be
assessed by calculating medication possession ratios (MPR), with adherence
defined as MPR ≥ 80%. Demographic (i.e., age, gender, ethnicity),
medication-related (i.e., refill history, dosing frequency, polypharmacy),
and healthcare utilization (i.e., hospitalization, no-show visits,
unscheduled visits) variables will be collected to assess predictors of
adherence. Outcomes: The prevalence of medication nonadherence in patients
with bipolar I disorder compared to bipolar II disorder will be reported.
Additionally, respective predictors for nonadherence, including medication
combinations, will be analyzed. Study Implications: By identifying possible
differences in medication adherence based on specific bipolar diagnosis,
providers may target interventions for adherence towards a specific patient
population.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bipolar disorder
college
drug therapy
pharmacist
risk
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bipolar I disorder
bipolar II disorder
diagnosis
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
ethnicity
gender
health care system
health care utilization
homelessness
hospitalization
patient
patient compliance
polypharmacy
population
prevalence
relapse
retrospective study
risk factor
structured interview
substance abuse
suicide
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 601
TITLE
Evaluation of pharmacotherapeutic regimens in patients with a history of
traumatic brain injury and co-morbid post-traumatic stress disorder
AUTHOR NAMES
Morgan M.
Lockwood A.
Steinke D.
Botts S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Morgan M.; Lockwood A.; Steinke D.; Botts S.) Lexington Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Lexington, United States.
(Steinke D.; Botts S.) University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy,
Lexington, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Morgan, Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (168). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Purpose: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has
become the signature injury for veterans serving in the Operation Enduring
Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). Approximately one-third of
veterans who sustain a TBI will also develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD). It is unknown if pharmacotherapies used in PTSD are beneficial,
safe, or affect long term outcomes in veterans with comorbid TBI. The
purpose of this study is to determine if veterans with PTSD and TBI are
treated differently pharmacologically or utilize more services than patients
with PTSD alone. We hypothesize that veterans with PTSD and TBI are more
likely to receive lower doses and less polypharmacy, discontinue treatment
more often, and utilize more health services than veterans with PTSD alone.
Methods: This is a retrospective comparative evaluation of PTSD
pharmacotherapy for veterans with and without TBI. Subjects include all
OEF/OIF veterans receiving treatment at the Lexington VA Medical Center and
diagnosed with PTSD, between April 1, 2007 and March 31, 2009. This study
was approved by the Institutional Review Board. All data will be obtained
from the Lexington Veterans Affairs computerized patient records system and
include demographic data, medication regimen data and service encounter
data. A diagnosis of TBI will be confirmed through a polytrauma team
assessment. The primary outcome, pharmacotherapy of PTSD, will be
characterized by classes of medications received for PTSD, dose, total
number of psychotropic medications, and number of medication changes during
the six-month period post PTSD diagnosis. Doses will be compared using the
defined daily dose (DDD). Polypharmacy will be defined as receipt of >1
psychotropic medication. Secondary outcomes include adherence to
antidepressant therapy and utilization of health services. Analysis:
Outcomes will be reported as means or frequencies and compared using
independent sample t-tests and chisquare analysis. A logistic regression
analysis will be preformed to control for confounding variables such as age,
gender and other diagnosis (substance abuse, pain, headache, depression).
Results: Pending.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
patient
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
traumatic brain injury
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
confounding variable
diagnosis
drug therapy
electronic medical record
gender
headache
health service
injury
institutional review
logistic regression analysis
multiple trauma
pain
polypharmacy
Student t test
substance abuse
therapy
veteran
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 602
TITLE
Varenicline and mental health stability in patients with post-traumatic
stress disorder: A retrospective cohort study of 78 patients at a single
veterans affairs medical center
AUTHOR NAMES
Campbell A.
Anderson K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Campbell A.) Center for Behavioral Medicine, United States.
(Anderson K.) Kansas City VA Medical Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Campbell, Center for Behavioral Medicine, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (160). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Original Research. Background: Varenicline is a partial
agonist of the alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor used in the
treatment of tobacco dependence. While proven an effective treatment option
in the general population, there are growing reports of neuropsychiatric
side effects linked to the medication. At present, no studies have
investigated varenicline's use in patients with PTSD. Objective: To
determine the effects of varenicline on mental health (MH) stability in a
veteran population suffering from PTSD. Methods: This is a retrospective
cohort study conducted at a single Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Data
regarding MH encounters were collected on all patients with a diagnosis of
PTSD who received a prescription for varenicline between May 2006 and July
2008. Data extracted for comparison was divided into three time periods: 1)
six-month pre-varenicline period to establish baseline encounter needs, 2)
period patient was actively taking varenicline, 3) three-month
post-varenicline treatment period. The primary outcome measure of this study
is the average number of MH encounters per month while taking varenicline.
Results:A total of 78 patientswere included in the final data analysis.
Comparison of the three time periods indicated a 28.6% increase in MH
encounters during the varenicline treatment period (P=0.005). Nosignificant
difference was seen between the baseline and post-varenicline treatment
periods. Patients with concomitant Axis I disorders (n = 43) required
significantlymoreMHencounters for all three time periods as compared to
patients with PTSD only (n = 35) (P = 0.017, 0.034, and 0.018 respectively).
Varenicline was also associated with a greater than expected prolonged
smoking cessation rate (31%). Conclusions: The findings of this study
suggest varenicline may potentiate decompensations of MH stability in
patients with PTSD. Further prospective investigation of these results is
warranted.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
varenicline
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotinic receptor
partial agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cohort analysis
college
mental health
patient
pharmacist
posttraumatic stress disorder
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
data analysis
diagnosis
drug therapy
population
prescription
side effect
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 603
TITLE
Nootropic-induced psychosis: A case report
AUTHOR NAMES
Deyo Z.
Stuppy S.
Breden E.
Moran J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Deyo Z.) University of Maryland, United States.
(Stuppy S.) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, United
States.
(Breden E.; Moran J.) Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Z. Deyo, University of Maryland, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (185). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Therapeutic Case Report. Background: Psychotic symptoms may
be caused by medications or substances. This case report describes a young
man who presented to the emergency department (ED) with psychosis secondary
to nootropic polypharmacy. Nootropics, referred to as “smart drugs” or
“memory enhancers,” are non-FDA regulated agents that target persons looking
for memory enhancement or improved concentration. Piracetam was the first
nootropic described, and has many purported indications and mechanisms of
action. Patient History: A 23 year old white male with a past psychiatric
history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression
presented to the ED exhibiting signs of psychosis, disorganized thinking and
delusions of grandeur. Upon transfer to inpatient psychiatry his
differential included psychosis NOS, schizophrenia, schizoaffective
disorder, and substanceinduced psychotic disorder. The following day, he was
no longer experiencing psychotic symptoms. After further investigation he
reported taking three nootropic agents; piracetam, aniracetam, and phenibut
to target his symptoms of ADHD. He originally took 800-1600 mg of piracetam,
but recently added aniracetam and phenibut. As he grew tolerant to their
effects, he increased the dose. The day he presented to the ED he recalls
taking approximately 4 grams of piracetam, 5.6 grams of phenibut, and an
unknown quantity of aniracetam. Given that the patient's symptoms abated
within 24 hours of admission, it was determined that his psychosis was
secondary to nootropics. The patient was discharged devoid of psychotic
symptoms with a prescription for bupropion to target his ADHD and
depression. Review of Literature: A MEDLINE search did not identify any
published case reports of psychosis secondary to a combination of these
agents. The Martindale index does cite hallucinations as a possible adverse
effect of piracetam. This case report adds to the paucity of literature on
the safety of nootropic agents. Conclusion: In this case report, a temporal
and causal relationship was observed between the ingestion of increasing
doses of phenibut, piracetam, and aniracetam and the development of
neuropsychiatric manifestations. Clinicians should be cognizant of nootropic
agents, and that their use may result in psychosis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 amino 3 phenylbutyric acid
amfebutamone
aniracetam
nootropic agent
piracetam
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case report
college
pharmacist
psychosis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
attention deficit disorder
delusion
drug therapy
emergency ward
enhancer region
food and drug administration
hallucination
hospital patient
ingestion
male
medical history
memory
patient
polypharmacy
prescription
psychiatry
recall
safety
schizoaffective psychosis
schizophrenia
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 604
TITLE
Impact of a symptom-triggered alcohol withdrawal protocol on benzodiazepine
use and length of stay in an adult dual diagnosis population
AUTHOR NAMES
Maroney M.
Mierzwa M.
Macaluso A.
Walsh K.
Maloney D.
Learn M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Maroney M.; Mierzwa M.; Macaluso A.; Walsh K.; Maloney D.; Learn M.) Saint
Barnabas Behavioral Health Care Center, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Maroney, Saint Barnabas Behavioral Health Care Center, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (169). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Work in Progress. Background: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
(AWS) can lead to severe complications such as seizures, hallucinations and
frank delirium tremens (DTs). Complications from DTs include respiratory
failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiovascular collapse and death in up to 20%
of untreated patients. Proper treatment with benzodiazepines such as
lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide, can treat the uncomfortable symptoms of AWS
(sweating, tremors, headache, anxiety etc.), while effectively preventing
complications. Side effects of these medications (ex: oversedation, impaired
cognitive function, respiratory depression), especially if used
unnecessarily, can be problematic, possibly leading to less ability to
participate in treatment decisions, increased risk of falls and prolonged
length of stay due to extended tapering schedules. The use of a
symptom-triggered protocol for treating AWS, utilizing a standardized scale
such as the Clinical Institute for Alcohol Withdrawal Assessment- Revised
(CIWA-Ar) has been shown to decrease the unnecessary use of benzodiazepines
in detoxification centers, while effectively managing symptoms and
preventing major complications. This method has also been shown to result in
shorter treatment episodes in detoxification centers, thus minimizing
exposure to these potentially addictive medications. Objectives: To measure
benzodiazepine use in a dual diagnosis population immediately before and
after initiation of a symptom-triggered alcohol withdrawal treatment
protocol to determine the impact on overall use, cost, and length of stay.
Methods: Charts of all patients on the dual diagnosis unit undergoing
treatment for AWS admitted immediately before and after protocol
implementation will be reviewed to determine age, gender, total cumulative
benzodiazepine dose (measured in chlordiazepoxide equivalents), average
benzodiazepine dose per day, amount per dose, total number of doses received
per patient, length of stay, length of AWS treatment, diagnosis, comorbid
substance use/abuse, history of withdrawal complications (seizures,
hallucinations, DTs), seizure disorder history, history of traumatic brain
injury, blood alcohol level (BAL) upon admission, date BAL drawn, urine drug
screen (UDS) results upon admission, and number of incidents requiring
transfer to the medical hospital. Outcomes: This data will be analyzed to
determine any notable trends, if overall use of benzodiazepines has
decreased, and if average length of stay and treatment duration has
decreased since protocol initiation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
chlordiazepoxide
lorazepam
succimer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adult
alcohol withdrawal
college
diagnosis
length of stay
pharmacist
population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol blood level
anxiety
cognition
death
delirium tremens
detoxification
drug therapy
exposure
gender
hallucination
headache
heart arrhythmia
hospital
patient
respiration depression
respiratory failure
risk
seizure
shock
side effect
sweating
traumatic brain injury
treatment duration
treatment withdrawal
tremor
urine
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 605
TITLE
Divergent thinking as a potential target for cognitive intervention in early
psychosis
AUTHOR NAMES
Nemoto T.
Takeshi K.
Togi N.
Haneda M.
Tsujino N.
Ito S.
Katagiri N.
Morita K.
Kobayashi H.
Mizuno M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nemoto T.; Takeshi K.; Togi N.; Haneda M.; Tsujino N.; Ito S.; Katagiri N.;
Morita K.; Mizuno M.) Toho University School of Medicine, Ota-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
(Kobayashi H.) Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,
Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Nemoto, Toho University School of Medicine, Ota-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
SOURCE
Schizophrenia Research (2010) 117:2-3 (329). Date of Publication: April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
2nd Schizophrenia International Research Society Conference, SIRS 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Florence, Italy
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-10 to 2010-04-14
CONFERENCE EDITORS
DeLisi L.E.
Nasrallah H.A.
ISSN
0920-9964
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier
ABSTRACT
Background: Not only patients with chronic schizophrenia but also those with
first-episode schizophrenia (FES) show cognitive impairments in a wide
variety of domains. Furthermore, even people with at-risk mental state
(ARMS) exhibit cognitive deficits although they usually demonstrate superior
performance. As cognitive impairments are significantly related to social
functioning, cognitive intervention in early stages of schizophrenia may be
preferable. The Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, established the
day-care unit named 'Il Bosco' in 2007, which was specific to individuals
with early psychosis. Its integrated treatment strategies consist of
cognitive training, psychoeducation, and individual support in normal work
and school setting under optimal pharmacotherapy with minimum dosage. The
cognitive training program mainly targets divergent thinking deficits,
because we revealed that interventions for divergent thinking significantly
led to improvements in negative symptoms and social functioning in
schizophrenia patients (Nemoto et al., 2009). The aim of this study was to
examine the efficacy of cognitive intervention for divergent thinking in
people with early psychosis. Methods: Twenty-six Japanese outpatients with
early psychosis (13 men, 13 women) were recruited at 'Il Bosco.' They
included 20 individuals (9 men, 11 women) with FES and 6 people (4 men, 2
women) with ARMS diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV
Axis I Disorder (SCID) and the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes
and the Scales of Prodromal Symptoms (SIPS/SOPS). The mean age of FES group
was 21.5 (SD=3.6) years and that of ARMS group was 19.5 (SD=2.5). The mean
of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in FES group was 5.5 months. All
patients were taking antipsychotic medications. Subjects were excluded if
they had a history of alcohol dependence, substance abuse, or a neurological
illness. The cognitive training program for divergent thinking (Nemoto et
al., 2009) was administered for 6 months in the group setting. The outcome
measures of cognition included the Letter Cancellation Test (LCT), the
Seven-word Learning Test (SLT), and the Modified Stroop Test (MST). In
addition, the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), the WHO Quality of Life-26
(WHOQOL-26), and the Subjective Well-being Neuroleptic drug treatment Short
form (SWNS) were used to assess functional outcome. These assessments and
neurocognitive tests were administered at baseline and at the end of the
six-month cognitive intervention. After providing a complete description of
the study, written informed consent was obtained from every subject.
Results: We found significant treatment effects on some measures in the FES
group, including: time for completing on the LCT (p<.004), the repeated
times to remember all the words on the SLT (p<.029), and the total score of
the SFS (p<.030). Significant treatment effects on the MST (Part II minus
Part I) and two components on the SFS (Withdrawal and Interpersonal) were
found in the ARMS group (p<.027, 034, 042, respectively). Discussion:
Cognitive intervention for divergent thinking deficits at the early stages
of psychosis may maximize the chance of long-lasting functional recovery and
minimize the potential for future onset in a proportion of people with ARMS
because divergent thinking ability is critical for generating creative
solutions in the social setting and navigating the complexities of social
interactions.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychosis
schizophrenia
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
cognition
cognitive defect
day care
drug therapy
female
general aspects of disease
informed consent
Japan
Japanese (people)
learning test
mental health
negative syndrome
outpatient
patient
psychoeducation
quality of life
risk
school
social interaction
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders
structured interview
substance abuse
training
university
wellbeing
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.563
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 606
TITLE
A Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) to manage the risks of
overdose, abuse, addiction, and diversion with rapid-onset opioids
AUTHOR NAMES
Kaper R.
Schmider J.
Bradway R.
Floyd E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kaper R.; Schmider J.; Bradway R.; Floyd E.) Cephalon Inc., Frazer, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Kaper, Cephalon Inc., Frazer, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pain (2010) 11:4 SUPPL. 1 (S23). Date of Publication: April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Pain Society, APS
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Baltimore, MD, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-05-06 to 2010-05-08
ISSN
1526-5900
BOOK PUBLISHER
Churchill Livingstone Inc.
ABSTRACT
A Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS), formalized in the Food and
Drug Administration Amendments Act (FDAAA) in 2007, is a regulatory strategy
to manage a known or potential serious risk. This presentation describes a
REMS model developed for the rapid-onset opioids fentanyl buccal tablet
(FBT) and oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC). In response to
requirements delineated by FDA, the model includes elements to assure safe
use, a medication guide, an implementation system, and a timetable for
assessment. The model is aimed at safeguarding patient safety, specifically
at avoiding use of FBT and OTFC in opioid non-tolerant patients and at
mitigating the risk of abuse, misuse, and diversion, while maintaining
access for appropriate patients. The model enrolls wholesalers/distributors,
prescribers, pharmacies, and patients into a single system. To enroll,
prescribers and pharmacists first complete a mandatory educational module.
Enrolled prescribers select and counsel appropriate patients before writing
a prescription for FBT or OTFC. At the pharmacy level, controls built in to
the system verify enrollment of the prescriber before a prescription for FBT
or OTFC is dispensed. In addition, patients are counseled by the pharmacist
on the risks and appropriate use of FBT or OTFC. In summary, the REMS model
has been designed in partnership with the FDA to ensure
wholesalers/distributors, prescribers, pharmacists, and patients are aware
of and understand the risks and appropriate use of FBT and OTFC. The
effectiveness of the model will be assessed according to an agreed schedule.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
fentanyl
fentanyl citrate
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
addiction
intoxication
pain
risk
society
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
food and drug administration
model
patient
patient safety
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
tablet
writing
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.01.099
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 607
TITLE
Role of a psychiatric pharmacist in a los angeles “skid row” safety-net
clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Wang I.
Dopheide J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wang I.; Dopheide J.A.) School of Pharmacy, University of Southern
California, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. Wang, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (180-181). Date of Publication:
April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: Los Angeles' Skid Row is an
area inhabited by the largest population of homeless people in the United
States, most of whom are also mentally ill and uninsured. Many do not
receive adequate outpatient psychiatric care, since free clinics in this
area do not have sufficient financial support to employ psychiatrists. While
many who are persistently and severely mentally ill may be accepted, many
others are turned away. Psychiatric pharmacists in collaboration with
primary care physicians provide an invaluable medication management service
to a population who otherwise would not have access to mental health care.
Description of Innovative Service: Center for Community Health (CCH) is a
collaborative effort between nonprofit organizations and the county of Los
Angeles to provide comprehensive, multidisciplinary health care to the
homeless. The center sees 3000 patients quarterly, of whom over 60% have
psychiatric needs. The psychiatric pharmacist works through a collaborative
agreement and is able to accept referrals with existing axis I diagnoses
from any provider within the clinic. The pharmacist services include:
patient interview and assessment, medication therapy management, monitoring
of adverse effects, identification of drug-drug interactions, assessment of
laboratory results, assessment of clinical outcomes measured by rating
scales, patient education, referral to other services to reduce psychosocial
stressors, and psychosocial support. Each patient's case and treatment plan
is discussed with a primary care physician. Medications are obtained through
the patient assistance program or Medicare/MediCal. Impact on Patient Care:
Through the psychiatric pharmacy service, patients have improved access to
quality mental health care. For the five-month period evaluated, 24 patients
were referred and followed by the pharmacist. 110 drugrelated problems
related to the following were identified: 35% indication, 19% effectiveness,
31% safety, and 19% compliance. 484 interventions were performed: 24%
changes related to medication or dose changes, 23% patient education, 26%
rating scale assessments, and 18% adverse drug reaction monitoring. Over 66%
of the patients required referrals to a social worker for therapy or
housing/social security issues. Conclusions: Psychiatric pharmacist
specialists can assist safety net clinics in providing comprehensive health
care that includes quality psychiatric services.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
hospital
pharmacist
safety
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
diagnosis
drug interaction
drug therapy
financial management
general practitioner
health care
hospital department
interview
laboratory
medical service
medical specialist
medication therapy management
mental disease
mental health care
mental health service
monitoring
non profit organization
outpatient
patient
patient care
patient education
population
psychiatrist
psychosocial care
public health
rating scale
social worker
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 608
TITLE
Beers criteria medication review and use within a state psychiatric facility
AUTHOR NAMES
Jepsen J.
Jestrab F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jepsen J.; Jestrab F.) Western State Hospital, Lakewood, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Jepsen, Western State Hospital, Lakewood, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2010) 23:2 (176). Date of Publication: April
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
13th Annual Meeting of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic
Pharmacists, CPNP 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-18 to 2010-04-21
ISSN
0897-1900
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Type: Innovative Practices. Background: In 1991, Dr Mark Beers
published criteria identifying inappropriate medication use among elderly
patients. The original criteria were created by 13 pharmacotherapeutic and
geriatric specialists, which included 12 medications or classes. The Beers
Criteria were updated in 1997 to include 28 medications and 35 classes as
well as in 2003 to include 48 drugs or classes. The Beers Criteria (Beers
List) is one of the most widely cited for inappropriate medication use in
older adults aged 65 years or greater. Description of Innovative Service:
This prospective drug utilization evaluation (DUE) reviewed all Western
State Hospital (WSH) patients aged 65 years or older in residence on August
24, 2009. The DUE determined the total number of potentially inappropriate
medications (PIMs) found within each patient's medication profile and the
average number of PIMs. Use of any Beers Criteria medication identified was
reviewed for resultant adverse drug effects (ADEs). The DUE screened for any
drug-disease interactions that resulted from use of a PIM. The most
frequently prescribed PIMs and classes of medications that appeared within
the WSH population were identified and compared to PIM use described in
various settings in the literature including acute care hospitals and
long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Impact on Patient Care: Routine
prescribing of medications found within the Beers Criteria has been
discouraged because their use has been associated with increased morbidity,
increased hospitalizations, worsened physical function, and poor quality of
life. Identification of inappropriate medication use will continue to enable
providers to plan intervention(s) for minimizing drugrelated problems during
admission and decreasing drug-related and/or overall healthcare costs. DUE
findings were presented to WSH Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committee to be
considered for improvement of Drug Utilization Guidelines and prescriptive
patterns at WSH. Conclusion: Patients greater than 65 years of age are
frequently exposed to an increased number of medications and are more likely
to experience ADEs. Pharmacists can aid in identification of common
medications and classes of medications within the Beers Criteria in a
psychiatric facility and aid in improvement of medication prescription for
older adults.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
beer
college
drug therapy
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
adverse drug reaction
aged
drug induced disease
drug utilization
emergency care
health care cost
hospital
hospital patient
hospitalization
long term care
medical specialist
morbidity
patient
patient care
pharmacy
population
prescription
quality of life
therapy
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190010365987
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 609
TITLE
Teaching pharmacology and pharmacovigilance in an integrated medical
curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Faingold C.L.
Dunaway G.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Faingold C.L.; Dunaway G.A.) Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University,
School of Medicine, Springfield, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.L. Faingold, Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University, School of
Medicine, Springfield, United States.
SOURCE
FASEB Journal (2010) 24 Meeting Abstracts. Date of Publication: April, 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
Experimental Biology 2010, EB
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Anaheim, CA, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-04-24 to 2010-04-28
ISSN
0892-6638
BOOK PUBLISHER
FASEB
ABSTRACT
Integrated medical curricula pose a challenge to teaching pharmacology
effectively. This contributes to a significant educational deficit, since
insufficient drug knowledge is a key factor in major drug-related public
health problems. Adverse drug-related events (ADRs) are estimated to be the
5th leading cause of in-patient deaths in the U.S. Drug overdose is the 2nd
leading cause of accidental death and is also a common method of suicide.
These public health problems indicate the need for improved physician
knowledge of drug toxicities and ADRs and emphasize the value of education
on pharmacovigilance, which is defined as the epidemiologic study of
drug-related adverse events. Pharmacovigilance has lacked emphasis in U.S.
Medical Schools where the term is unrecognized, although ADRs, toxicity, and
drug interactions are covered. The integrated 2nd year medical curriculum at
SIUSM emphasizes the learning of pharmacology stressing pharmacovigilance.
This involves presenting the ABCs of Pharmacology (A: pharmacodynamics; B:
pharmacokinetics; and C: pharmacovigilance) and includes web-based
instructional modules (WIMs) that list objectives and resources on 84 drug
classes, referencing textbooks that emphasize pharmacovigilance (1) and
parallel national pharmacology knowledge objectives.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
drug surveillance program
pharmacology
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accidental death
book
death
drug interaction
drug overdose
drug toxicity
education
epidemiology
hospital patient
human
learning
medical school
pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics
physician
public health problem
suicide
toxicity
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 610
TITLE
Adverse drug reactions: Experimental studies on metabolic-mediated toxicity
AUTHOR NAMES
Mitcheva M.
Vitcheva V.
Kondeva-Burdina M.
Simeonova-Vitanska R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mitcheva M.; Vitcheva V.; Kondeva-Burdina M.; Simeonova-Vitanska R.)
Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav St., Sofia, Bulgaria.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Mitcheva, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav St., Sofia,
Bulgaria.
SOURCE
Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology (2010) 30:2 (117-120). Date of
Publication: April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
6th National Congress of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Varna, Bulgaria
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-10-01 to 2009-10-04
ISSN
1474-8665
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
The used terminology of this area contains many different terms, which
described an Undesired Reaction, Adverse Drug Reaction, Adverse Event,
Adverse Effects and Side Effects. The common definition of Adverse Drug
Reaction is: a response to a drug, which is noxious and unintended and which
occurs at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy
of diseases or the modification of physiological function. The importance of
adverse drug reaction (ADR) is often underestimated. It is very important to
understand the role of metabolism of drug toxicity and ADR. Different
authors classify these effects in various ways. Along WHO, ADR are
classified into 6 types: dose-related (Augmented); non-dose related
(Bizarre); dose- and time-related (Chronic); time-related (Delayed);
withdraw (End of use); failure of therapy (Failure). It is very convenient
to resolve all drug adverse effects as either reversible (Type A) or
irreversible (Type B). Type A ADR is reversible but not related with
toxicity. These effects can be caused by intensification of pharmacodynamic
effect. These effects, also known generally as 'side effects', are mostly an
augmentation of the 'main effects' and are to be cause of more than 80% of
patients, problems with drug therapy. If the drug is interacting reversible,
it cannot 'damage' a tissue, it has not changed its structure or its
functions irreversibly. Reversible ADR can be received during the metabolism
of any given drug. It is possible that one or other of metabolites may
disrupt cellular function in a way that is unrelated to the pharmacological
effect of the drug, but the disruption is reversible and predictable. Type B
ADR are irreversible effects. The drug must somehow change cellular
structure. This can happen if the drug can form and unstable and reactive
toxic metabolite, which can react covalently with the cellular structures. A
variety of therapeutic drugs can undergo biotransformation via Phase I and
Phase II enzymes to reactive metabolites, which have reactivity toward to
proteins and cause potential toxicity. Factors, predisposing to ADR include:
dose, pharmaceutical variation in drug formulation, kinetic and dynamics
abnormalities and drug-drug interactions (DDI). DDI occurs when therapeutic
agent either alters the concentration (pharmacokinetics interactions) or the
biological effect of another agent (pharmacodynamic interactions).
Pharmacokinetics DDI can occur at the level of absorption, distribution or
clearance of the affected agent. Many drugs are eliminated by metabolism.
The microsomal reactions involved cytochrome P450 family of enzymes (CYPs),
of which a few are responsible of the majority of metabolic reactions,
involving drugs. This includes the isoforms: CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19 (15%), 2D6
(20%), 3A4 (50%) Venkatakrishnan K et al., 2001). The cytochrome P450 family
of hememonooxygenases comprises the most important group of Phase I enzymes.
Many drug interactions are result of inhibition or induction of CYP's
enzymes. For that in particular at the level on the liver metabolizing
system, DDI can result both in toxicity or loss of efficacy. Drug metabolism
can be a key determinant of drug toxicity. A non-toxic parent drug may be
transformed by drug metabolizing enzymes to toxic metabolites (metabolic
activation, bioactivation). Conversely a toxic drug may be transformed to
non-toxic metabolites (detoxication). A clear understanding of the role of
drug metabolism in toxicity can add the identification of risk factors that
may potentiate drug toxicity and may provide key information for the
evelopment of safe drugs. Our scientific studies included a group of
medicines and prospective bioactive substances (BAS), from natural and
synthetic origin, with a certain pharmacological activity and proved or
supposed hepatic biotransformation. The compounds have been investigated for
cytotoxicity and in some cases for antioxidant and protective effect. These
studies were performed in cellular and sub cellular models of toxicity, both
in vitro and in vivo. The effects of the examined compounds have been
compared to the effects of referent compounds. Elucidating of these effects
might contribute to enrichment of their characteristics, linked to their
metabolism and to prevent possible metabolic interactions. These experiments
are part of the pre-clinical studies of novel compounds. In many cases they
could explain some of the future serious clinical problems, as well as to
elucidate the main causes for the failure of certain molecules, as
candidate-drug. The experimental systems, mostly used for investigating drug
metabolism, cytotoxicity and DDI, are liver microsomes and isolated
hepatocytes. Isolated hepatocytes have been widely employed for studying the
biotransformation of chemicals, their cytotoxicity and hepatotoxicity,
including their mechanisms. The most important parameters that assessed the
functional-metabolic status of the hepatocytes, recommended and implemented
by ECVAM are: cell viability; activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) - in
cases, when the membrane integrity is affected; level of cell glutathione
(GSH) and quantity of malondialdehyde (MDA). The alteration in the cells at
different level, as a result of biotransformation and/ or bioactivation of
the examined compounds, is evaluated by the changes in the level of reduced
glutathione - the most important factor of the cell's defence. At the same
time, malondialdehyde is determined as a biomarker of the process of lipid
peroxidation. This compound is a reactive ldehyde and is one of the many
reactive electrophile species that cause toxic stress in cells and form
covalent protein adducts. Along with these parameters, in our studies, the
quantity of cytochrome P 450, the activity of some drug metabolising
enzymes, as well as changes in mitochondrial potential, levels of Ca(2+) and
ROS, were measured, under the influence of the some perspective compounds.
In view of the expected protective properties of some of the tested BAS by
natural origin, their effects were studied on appropriate experimental
models of toxicity, provoked by different agents - CCl(4), chlorpromazine,
metoprolol, paracetamol, t-BuOOH, which possess different toxic properties.
On the basis of a part of our results, we could formulate the following
conclusions (Mitcheva, 2008): 14 derivatives of benzimidasole, with a
putative hepatic metabolism, have been screened for hepatotoxicity. Four of
them, with antihelmint activity, similar with those of Albendazole and less
toxicity, have been selected (Mavrova et al. 2005; Mavrova et al. 2006). 5
benzophenones and Gentisein, isolated from Hypericum annulatum, have been
characterized in vitro. For three of the compunds, a cytoprotective and
antioxidant effects, studied in models of cytochrome P 450 mediated toxicity
- CCl(4), chlorpromazine, metoprolol - were observed (Mitcheva et al.,
2006). These effects were similar to the effects of silymarin, a well known
hepatoprotector and antioxidant. The selected compounds have been tested in
Chang Liver cells, where they changed parameters linked to the mitochondrial
function. These results correlate with the studies of Prabhakar et al.
(2006) that discuss proapoptotic activity of some synthetic analogues of
benzophenones. Studies of BAS, with known pharmacological activity
Diosgenin, isolated from Asparagus officinalis Diosgenin is a steroidal
saponin, with an established pharmacological activity, mainly
antihypercholesterolemic.Using a model of lipid peroxidation (LPO) -
enzyme-induced and non-enzyme-induced, our studies proved an antioxidant
effect of Diosgenin, similar to the effect of the scavenger promethazine. We
discussed a possible membrane stabilizing effect of the compound. On a
cellular level, in isolated rat hepatocytes, in a model of cytochrome P
450-mediated toxicity - CCl(4), chlorpromazine, metoprolol, and in a model
of oxidative stress - t-BuOOH, diosgenin exerted cytoprotective effects,
similar to those of silymarin. In Chang liver cells, diosgenin showed
pro-apoptotic effect, however ROS levels remained unchanged. In vivo, after
multiple administrations, diosgenin acted as a CYP inducer, similar to
phenobarbital. The results from the Western blot analysis, showed that
diosgenin caused an expression of CYP 3A, similar to those, caused by
henobarbital. On the basis of our results, we suggest that the
antihypercholesterolemic activity of diosgenin might be due to its influence
on cholesterol metabolism and kinetics in the hepatocyte. - Studies on some
psychoactive compounds, undergo hepatic biotransformation Besides the
potential risk of tolerance and dependence developing, multiple
administrations of psychoactive compounds are associated with neurotoxicity
and hepatocellular damage. The majority of the psychoactive substances
undergo extensive hepatic biotransformation, mediated by cytochrome P450, to
active and reactive metabolites. The metabolism of morphine, cocaine and
amphetamine is mediated mainly by CYP3A and CYP2D6 (Sun L&Lau CE, 2001;
Projean D et al. 2003; Carvalho F et al., 1996). Preincubation of the
hepatocytes with inhibitor of CYP3A - amiodaron, and inhibitor of CYP 2B -
chloramphenicol, resulted in reduction of cocaine epatotoxicity in vitro.
These data suggest an involvement of cocaine's metabolism in its toxicity.
In vitro, amphetamine was cytotoxic, which was diminished after
preincubation with inhibitors of its biotransformation - quinidine,
inhibitor of CYP2D and amiodarone, inhibitor of CYP3A. On the basis of this
study we suggested the involvement of CYP3A in amphetamine hepatotoxicity
(Vitcheva et al., 2009). The involvement of CYP3A in metabolism of morphine,
cocaine and amphetamine, implies possible metabolic interactions with other
substrates, inducers or inhibitors of this isoform that might lead to
changes in their metabolism and toxicity. Ca-channel blockers, such as
nifedipine, have been reported to modulate tolerance and dependence
development. At the same time, Nifedipine is known to be a substrate and an
inducer of some isoforms of cytochrome P450, including CYP3A (Drocourt et
al. 2001). After multiple administrations, Cocaine in vivo changed some
parameters of drug metabolism and toxicity. In combination with nifedipine,
cocaine could not exert its own effect on the drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Since both cocaine and nifedipine are substrates of one and the same isoform
CYP3A, these results are probably due to a metabolic interaction between the
compounds (Vitcheva &Mitcheva, 2007). Multiple co-administrations of
nifedipine and amphetamine resulted in changes in some parameters of drug
metabolism that differed from those observed after their administration
alone. Regarding the metabolic pathways of amphetamine and nifedipine, we
suggest a metabolic interaction, involving several cytochrome P450 isoforms.
Our results show that morphine and nifedipine, per se, increased the
activity of drug metabolizing enzyme systems, while their co-administration
resulted in reduction of values of the examined parameters (Vitcheva
&Mitcheva, 2004). Regarding the metabolic pathways, namely N-demethylation,
of both compounds, these results might be due to a possible metabolic
interaction of the two drugs. At the same time it is important to note that
among the rats, which morphine and Nifedipine were co-administered, an
increased toxicity, manifested by respiratory depression, cyanosis and even
death (4/7), was observed. In vivo interaction on the metabolic level
Interactions of paracetamol The hepatotoxic agent naphthalene undergoes
metabolic activation to diol-epoxides - reactive intermediate metabolites
responsible for a toxic stress in the cell. As a result of our study, based
on the investigation of Paracetamol and naphthalene interaction, we found
out that co-administration of Paracetamol and naphthalene, resulted in
decreased naphthalene toxicity. This effect is probably due to a competition
for one isoform of cytochrome P 450. Multiple co-administration of
grapefruit juice and paracetamol, led to changes in some parameters,
connected with drug metabolism, compared to their application alone. These
changes correlate with the observed increased plasma level of paracetamol.
Conclusions The results obtained, confirmed that it is necessary to know of
the possible interactions between different compounds that are substrates
and/or inhibitors of one particular cytochrome P450 isoform, with a view to
prevent adverse drug-drug interactions, which can have serious clinical
consequences, as well as to avoid the discontinuation of needed
pharmacotherapy. In vitro based experimental systems used in combination
with in vivo animal system, represent the best approach to assess this
important drug properties before clinical rials. Acknowledgements This work
was supported in part by Grants from The Medical Science Committee (Medical
University, Sofia). The natural biological active substances were kindly
provided by Prof. St. Nikolov, Assoc. Prof. G. Kitanov, Assoc. Prof. I.
Krasteva, and Assist. Prof. P. Nedialkov, Department of Pharmacognosy and
Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Sofia.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
albendazole
amiodarone
amphetamine
antioxidant
benzophenone derivative
biological marker
calcium channel
carbon tetrachloride
chloramphenicol
chlorpromazine
cocaine
cytochrome
cytochrome P450
cytochrome P450 2B
cytochrome P450 3A
diosgenin
drug metabolizing enzyme
electrophile
enzyme
epoxide
glutathione
lactate dehydrogenase
malonaldehyde
metoprolol
morphine
n demethylase
naphthalene
nifedipine
paracetamol
phenobarbital
promethazine
protein
quinidine
saponin
scavenger
silymarin
toxin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
experimental study
pharmacology
toxicity
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
absorption
asparagus
biotransformation
blood level
cell function
cell structure
cell viability
cholesterol metabolism
clinical study
competition
concentration (parameters)
cyanosis
cytotoxicity
death
detoxification
diagnosis
drug formulation
drug interaction
drug metabolism
drug therapy
drug toxicity
dynamics
experimental model
grapefruit juice
Hypericum
in vitro study
kinetics
lipid peroxidation
liver
liver cell
liver cell damage
liver microsome
liver toxicity
male
medicine
membrane
metabolic activation
metabolism
metabolite
model
neurotoxicity
oxidative stress
parent
patient
pharmacognosy
pharmacokinetics
pharmacy
physiology
prophylaxis
rat
respiration depression
risk
risk factor
side effect
species
therapy
tissues
university
Western blotting
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2010.00454.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 611
TITLE
Adverse drug reactions and personalized medicine
AUTHOR NAMES
Yanev S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Yanev S.) Department of Drug Toxicology, Institute of Neurobiology, BAS,
Sofia, Bulgaria.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Yanev, Department of Drug Toxicology, Institute of Neurobiology, BAS,
Sofia, Bulgaria.
SOURCE
Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology (2010) 30:2 (158-161). Date of
Publication: April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
6th National Congress of Pharmacology
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Varna, Bulgaria
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-10-01 to 2009-10-04
ISSN
1474-8665
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction Adverse drug reactions (ADR) can be defined as, “an unwanted or
harmful reaction experienced following administration of a drug, or
combination of drugs, under normal conditions of use and is suspected as
being related to the drug (or combination)”. In general they can be divide
into two main groups: type A (predictable, linked to the main
pharmacological effect) and type B (unpredictable, idiosyncratic,
non-connected with the main pharmacological effect (Table 1). (Table
presented) We can further divide ADR in type C (associated with long-term
use, involves dose accumulation; example: phenacetin and interstitial
nephritis); type D (delayed effects like carcinogenicity, teratogenicity,
dose independent; example: fetal hydantoin syndrome); type E (withdrawal
reactions); type F (failure of therapy). The current classification is
defined only by properties of the drug - its known pharmacology and the dose
dependence of its effects. A modern view of development of ADR also includes
properties of the reaction (the time course of its appearance and its
severity) and properties of the individual (the genetic, pathological, and
other biological differences that confer susceptibility). That is the three
dimensional classification system based on dose relatedness, timing, and
patient susceptibility (DoTS) proposed by J.K.Aronson and R.E.Ferner (BMJ,
2003, 327, 1222-1225). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) often arise because of
the formation of metabolic intermediates. Our knowledge of the drug
metabolizing systems showed that they have a high level of genetic
variation. When those variations are present in individuals taking more than
one drug the chance of having an adverse drug reaction is greatly increased.
In this presentation, the mechanisms of some adverse drug reactions are
described based on different genoand phenotype of drug metabolizing systems
and pharmacological targets (enzymes and receptors). Discussion In general,
we can divide drugs in two groups, depending of the way by which the
reactive metabolites induced ADRs - those of which possessed intrinsic
toxicity and those induced metabolic idiosyncrasy. The first group induced
impairment of cellular metabolism and calcium homeostasis; oxidative stress
and lipid peroxidation; bind covalently to different cellular
macromolecules; developed cell apoptosis and necrosis. Many factors,
including genetic, environmental, in uterus exposure, life style, diet,
drugs and eating habits leave a“metabolic signature” and contribute to
a“metabolic fingerprint map” unique for each individual organism. This fact
could explain why after the same drug dose two different persons react
different, with development of ADR or some times of drug failure. I. Genetic
polymorphism, drug metabolism and ADR (type A) From the top 27 drugs
frequently cited in ADR reports 59% (16/27) metabolized by at least one
enzyme having poor metabolizer (PM) genotype and 38% of them are (11/27)
metabolized by CYP 2D6 Here are some examples of drugs metabolized by
enzymes with variant alleles associated with poor metabolism and implicated
in different ADRs: CYP1A2 (typical antipsychotics and tardive dyskinesia);
CYP2C9 (Warfarin /haemorrhage/, Tolbutamide /hypoglycaemia/, Phenytoin /skin
toxicity/); CYP2C19 (Mephenytoin /neurotoxicity/, Diazepam /prolonged
sedation/); Omeprazole and Lansoprazole /higher therapeutic response/.
CYP2D6 (Antiarrhythmics /arrhythmias/, β-Blockers /bradycardia/, Tricyclic
antidepressants /confusion/, Opioids /protection from oral opiate
dependence/, Phenformin /lactic acidosis/, Perhexilene /hepatotoxicity/);
codeine /poor analgesic efficacy/; tramadol /poor analgesic efficacy/.
CYP3A4 (Anti-leukaemic agents /treatment-related leukaemia/); plasma
butyrylcholinesterase (Succinylcholine /prolonged apnoea/);
N-acetyltransferase (Sulfonamides /hypersensitivity/, Amonafide
/myelotoxicity/, Procainamide, hydralazine, isoniazid /lupus/); thiopurine
methyltransferase (6-Mercaptopurine, azathioprine /myelotoxicity/);
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (5-Fluorouracil /myelotoxicity/); UDP
glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (Irinotecan /diarrhoea, myelosuppresion/).
Increased risk of toxicity or failure to response can be found in patients
with extensive expression (EM) of CYP 2D6 as: codeine (morphine toxicity);
encainide (possibly proarrhythmias) nortriptyline (poor antidepressant
efficacy at normal doses); propafenone (poor antiarrhythmic efficacy at
normal doses); tropisetron and ondansetron (poor antiemetic efficacy at
normal doses) In some cases, the appearance of selective organ toxicity by
some drugs can be explained by their metabolic activation to reactive, toxic
metabolite (s): paracetamol (liver and kidney toxicity) amiodarone (o2, lung
and skin toxicity) valproic acid (reye-like syndrome) isoniazid
(polyneuritis) furosemid (pancreatitis) nitrofurantoin (lung toxicity)
cimetidine (liver toxicity) diclofenac (liver toxicity) ranitidine (liver
toxicity) II. Genetic polymorphism of therapeutic target - enzyme or
receptors There are many examples of genetically determined different
pharmacodynamic response or ADR due to defective pharmacological target
(enzyme) as: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - hemolytic anemia
after antimalaric drugs; Thiopurin S-methyltransferase deficiency - toxic
effects after azathioprine in treatment of leukemia and autoimmune diseases;
ALOX-5 (5-lipoxygenase) - asthmatic patients who carry mutations of the core
promoter of 5- lipoxygenase (ALOX-5) respond poorly to ALOX-5 inhibitors
such as Zileuton; ACE - ACEDD-genotype has two times higher maximal velocity
and 1.5 higher concentration in the body compared with the wild
ACEII-genotype, thus lead to dramatic differences in therapeutic effects of
ACEinhibitors. There are many ADR or therapeutic failure due to defective
pharmacological target (receptors) as: Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene is
reportedly a determinant of response to fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin
re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI); Arg16/Gly16 or Gly16/Gly16 variants of
b2-adrenoceptors have been display a much less favourable immediate
bronchodilatory response to salbutamol; Patients with homozygote mutation
Gly17Arg of beta-2 adrenoreceptor exerted increased asthmatic outburst after
treatment with“normal” doses of albuterol; Mutation of Apolipoprotein E
(ApoE4) gene leads to decreased response to tacrin in treatment of Alzheimer
disease; P-glycoprotein (MDR) mutation - abolished the effectiveness of
alkylating chemotherapeutics because of their increased excretion out of
cancer cells; Patients with Ryanodine receptors mutation in skeletal muscles
are exposed to malignant hypothermia after anesthesia with halothane; Single
point mutation in serotonin receptor leads to great variability in
effectiveness of sumatriptan. III. Immune-mediated drug toxicity (ADR type
B) Requirement for development of the immune response to certain drug is
appropriate hapten formation in the body through: 1. Direct haptenization
(penicillin, penicillamine, captopril) The clinical sings of most common
hypersensitivity reaction to drugs are: Anaphylaxis - type I reaction after
betalactame antibiotics, NSAID, sulfonamides; Hemolytic anemia - penicillin,
cephalosporin, methyl-DOPA, nomifensin; Agranulocytosis - aminopyrin,
levamizol, captopril, mianserin, propylthiouracil, peniccilin-G,
sulfasalazin, sulphmetoxazol); Skin reacions - trimetoprim, anticonvulsants,
cephalosporin, penicillin). 2. On the other hand, there are many drugs known
to cause immune-mediated toxicity, which undergo bioactivation by different
cytochrome p450 isoforms. Most of them are mechanism-based inactivators,
which reactive metabolites covalently bind to the corresponding CYP protein.
By still not fully understand mechanism, organism develops antibodies
against this complex. The consequence of this is the appearance of different
immune mediated organ toxicities, like: hepatotoxicity (dihydralazine
/CYP1A2/, halothane and ethanol /CYP2E1/, phenytoin /CYP2C9/, tienilic acid
/CYP2C9/, sulphamethoxazole and carbamazepine /CYP3A4, CYP2C9/; skin
toxicity (sulphamethoxazole, carbamazepine, phenytoin). 3. Metabolism of
drugs by activated leukocytes (NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase) leads to:
skin reactions; agranulocytosis (lupus) - sulfamethoxazole, dapsone,
propylthiouracil, levamisole, ticlopidine, clozapine, 5-aminosalicylic acid,
procainamide, mianserin. Conclusion The main goal of contemporary
personalized medicine is to find the right dose of the right drug for the
right indication for the right patient at the right time. This approach
should decrease drastically in the future the incidences of adverse drug
reactions. A broad spectrum of our society could contribute for the success
of this goal. The important role of different participants in drug synthesis
and usage to decrease the incidences of ADRs could be described as follows:
Producers - to perform directed synthesis of new compounds; Scientists - to
find new markers for testing gene and phenotype polymorphism and adverse
drug reactions; Teachers - to train knowledgeable clinical pharmacologists
and pharmacists; Centrum for ADR - to do better analysis of the signals for
ADR and spreading of the information; Physicians and pharmacists - to
achieve individualization of the pharmacotherapy; Patients - to have better
information and less self-medication.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acyltransferase
alcohol
aminophenazone
amiodarone
amonafide
analgesic agent
antiarrhythmic agent
antibiotic agent
antibody
anticonvulsive agent
antidepressant agent
antiemetic agent
apolipoprotein E
arachidonate 5 lipoxygenase
azathioprine
beta 2 adrenergic receptor
captopril
carbamazepine
cephalosporin
cholinesterase
cimetidine
clozapine
codeine
cytochrome
cytochrome P450
dapsone
diazepam
diclofenac
dihydralazine
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
DOPA
encainide
enzyme
fluorouracil
fluvoxamine
furosemide
glucuronosyltransferase
halothane
hapten
hydralazine
irinotecan
isoniazid
lansoprazole
levamisole
lipoxygenase
marker
mephenytoin
mercaptopurine
mesalazine
methyldopa
methyltransferase
mianserin
morphine
multidrug resistance protein
myeloperoxidase
neuroleptic agent
nitrofurantoin
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
nortriptyline
omeprazole
ondansetron
opiate
paracetamol
penicillamine
penicillin G
phenacetin
phenformin
phenytoin
procainamide
propafenone
propylthiouracil
protein
ranitidine
receptor
reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
ryanodine receptor
salbutamol
serotonin
serotonin receptor
serotonin transporter
sulfamethoxazole
sulfonamide
sumatriptan
suxamethonium
thiopurine methyltransferase
ticlopidine
tienilic acid
tolbutamide
toxin
tramadol
tricyclic antidepressant agent
trimethoprim
tropisetron
uridine diphosphate
valproic acid
warfarin
zileuton
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
pharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agranulocytosis
allele
allergic reaction
Alzheimer disease
anaphylaxis
anesthesia
apoptosis
asthma
autoimmune disease
calcium homeostasis
cancer cell
carcinogenicity
cell metabolism
chemotherapy
classification
diarrhea
diet
dose response
drug dose
drug metabolism
drug synthesis
drug therapy
drug toxicity
eating habit
excretion
exposure
fetal hydantoin syndrome
finger dermatoglyphics
gene
genetic polymorphism
genetic variability
genotype
glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
hemolytic anemia
homozygote
hypothermia
immune response
individualization
interstitial nephritis
leukemia
leukocyte
lifestyle
lipid peroxidation
liver
liver toxicity
lung
lung toxicity
macromolecule
metabolic activation
metabolism
metabolite
mutation
necrosis
nephrotoxicity
neuritis
organisms
oxidative stress
pancreatitis
patient
pharmacist
phenotype
physician
plasma
point mutation
promoter region
protection
risk
scientist
self medication
skeletal muscle
skin
skin manifestation
skin toxicity
society
synthesis
tardive dyskinesia
teacher
teratogenicity
therapy
therapy effect
toxicity
uterus
velocity
withdrawal reflex
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2010.00454.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 612
TITLE
Malaysian pharmacy students' assessment of an objective structured clinical
examination (OSCE).
AUTHOR NAMES
Awaisu A.
Abd Rahman N.S.
Nik Mohamed M.H.
Bux Rahman Bux S.H.
Mohamed Nazar N.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Awaisu A.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
(Abd Rahman N.S.; Nik Mohamed M.H.; Bux Rahman Bux S.H.; Mohamed Nazar N.I.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Awaisu, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia. Email:
pharmahmed@yahoo.com
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:2 (34). Date of
Publication: 10 Mar 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To implement and determine the effectiveness of an objective
structured clinical examination (OSCE) to assess fourth-year pharmacy
students' skills in a clinical pharmacy course. DESIGN: A 13-station OSCE
was designed and implemented in the 2007-2008 academic year as part of the
assessment methods for a clinical pharmacy course. The broad competencies
tested in the OSCE included: patient counseling and communication, clinical
pharmacokinetics (CPK), identification and resolution of drug-related
problems (DRPs), and literature evaluation/drug information provision.
ASSESSMENT: Immediately after all students completed the OSCE, a
questionnaire containing items on the clarity of written instructions,
difficulty of the tasks, perceived degree of learning gained and needed, and
the suitability of the references or literature resources provided was
administered. More than 70% of the students felt that a higher degree of
learning was needed to accomplish the tasks at the 2 DRP stations and 2 CPK
stations and the majority felt the written instructions provided at the
phenytoin CPK station were difficult to understand. Although about 60% of
the students rated OSCE as a difficult form of assessment, 75% said it
should be used more and 81% perceived they learned a lot from it.
CONCLUSION: Although most students felt that the OSCE accurately assessed
their skills, a majority felt the tasks required in some stations required a
higher degree of learning than they had achieved. This may indicate
deficiencies in the students' learning abilities, the course curriculum, or
the OSCE station design. Future efforts should include providing clearer
instructions at OSCE stations and balancing the complexity of the
competencies assessed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
prescription drug (adverse drug reaction, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical competence
education
health care quality
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
drug labeling
female
human
interpersonal communication
Malaysia
male
methodology
patient education
perception
psychological aspect
questionnaire
task performance
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20414449 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20414449)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 613
TITLE
A survey of pharmacy students' experiences with gambling.
AUTHOR NAMES
Elsasser G.N.
Kavan M.G.
Westerman G.H.
Destache C.J.
Sexson E.
Turner P.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Elsasser G.N.) Creighton University Schools of Pharmacy and Health
Professions and Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Hixon-Lied Bldg Room 123,
Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA.
(Kavan M.G.; Westerman G.H.; Destache C.J.; Sexson E.; Turner P.D.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.N. Elsasser, Creighton University Schools of Pharmacy and Health
Professions and Medicine, 2500 California Plaza, Hixon-Lied Bldg Room 123,
Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA. Email: elsasser@creighton.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:2 (26). Date of
Publication: 10 Mar 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To assess gambling among pharmacy students using the South Oaks
Gambling Screen (SOGS). METHODS: Six hundred fifty-eight pharmacy students
enrolled at Creighton University were surveyed to determine the extent and
characteristics of their gambling. RESULTS: Four hundred eighty-eight
students (74.2%) participated (mean age was 26.6 years and 63.4% were
female). Almost two-thirds (63.1%) gambled at least once during the past 12
months. Slightly more than 16% (80) of students were identified as "at-risk"
(SOGS scores of 1 to 2). Another 5% (24) were likely to be problem gamblers
(SOGS scores of 3 to 4), while 1% of students were identified as probable
pathological gamblers (SOGS scores > or = 5). Students who gambled were
significantly more likely than non-gamblers to be single males. Gamblers
with a score > or = 1were significantly more likely to report gambling had
affected their relationships with others, compared to casual gamblers.
CONCLUSIONS: Gambling is a common activity among pharmacy students. While
the incidence of problem gambling is relatively small, the percentage of our
students who may be at-risk for gambling-related problems is noteworthy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
impulse control disorder (epidemiology, prevention)
pathological gambling
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cannabis smoking (epidemiology)
comparative study
drinking behavior (epidemiology)
economics
female
hospitalization
human
human relation
incidence
male
marriage
mass screening
psychological aspect
sex difference
smoking (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20414439 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20414439)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 614
TITLE
The abuse potential of propofol
AUTHOR NAMES
Wilson C.
Canning P.
Caravati E.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wilson C.; Canning P.; Caravati E.M., martin.caravati@hsc.utah.edu)
Division of Emergency Medicine, Utah Poison Control Center, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. M. Caravati, 585 Komas Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
Email: martin.caravati@hsc.utah.edu
SOURCE
Clinical Toxicology (2010) 48:3 (165-170). Date of Publication: March 2010
ISSN
1556-3650
1556-9519 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, 69-77 Paul Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Context. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic prescription medication that is
widely used in anesthesia, long-term sedation, and conscious sedation. It is
short acting, effective, and, when used appropriately, safe. It is not a
controlled substance by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, suggesting
that it has little potential for abuse. The objective of this review was to
evaluate the evidence for the abuse potential of propofol. Methods. A
systematic review of the medical literature was performed using the search
terms: propofol, Diprivan, abuse, addiction, tolerance, misuse, and
withdrawal. Six online literature citation databases and relevant
bibliographies were searched for articles. Results. Seventy-two articles
were identified for review and 45 were relevant to the topic. These articles
described propofol's biochemical and pharmacokinetic mechanisms of action
that lend themselves to its abuse, propofol's physical and psychological
effects that make it alluring as a recreational drug, the current evidence
supporting the possibility of tolerance to and withdrawal from propofol, the
risk involved in recreational propofol use, and the evidence supporting
current abuse of this medication. We found evidence to support propofol's
abuse potential from a pharmacological and experiential standpoint with
multiple reports describing tolerance, dependence, withdrawal phenomena,
abuse, and death from recreational use. Conclusions. Propofol has alluring
and addictive properties that lend itself to potential recreational abuse
and dependence. We recommend that the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
and other international agencies should consider regulating propofol as a
controlled substance. Copyright © Informa UK, Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
propofol (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug comparison, drug
concentration, drug therapy, drug toxicity, intravenous drug administration,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid receptor
alcohol
barbituric acid derivative
benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison)
fospropofol
gabapentin
midazolam (drug comparison)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor
opiate
recreational drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anticonvulsant activity
anxiety
arousal
artificial ventilation
biochemistry
Brugada syndrome (side effect)
clinical trial
data base
death
depression (drug therapy)
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
diaphoresis
drug dependence
drug distribution
drug dose increase
drug effect
drug fatality (side effect)
drug induced disease (side effect)
drug metabolism
drug misuse
drug tolerance
drug withdrawal
general anesthesia
headache (drug therapy)
human
loading drug dose
muscle toxicity (side effect)
muscle toxicity (side effect)
nonhuman
psychomotor disorder (side effect)
publication
restlessness (side effect)
review
risk
sedation
side effect (side effect)
sleep time
systematic review
tachycardia (side effect)
tonic clonic seizure (side effect)
tremor (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
diprivan
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
fospropofol (258516-87-9, 258516-89-1)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
midazolam (59467-70-8)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
propofol (2078-54-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010240322
MEDLINE PMID
20397799 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20397799)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15563651003757954
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 615
TITLE
Hypertension care in a community pharmacy: Education, monitoring, and
medication management by pharmacists to improve blood pressure control
AUTHOR NAMES
Walker C.
Gagne B.
Timmons J.
Sperle D.
Rodis J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Walker C.; Gagne B., blgagne@gmail.com; Timmons J.) Kroger Pharmacy, United
States.
(Sperle D.) Cass Lake Indian Health Service Hospital, United States.
(Rodis J.) Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Walker, Kroger Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (278-279). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To design and implement a hypertension management program for a
high-volume community pharmacy that fits within the dispensing workflow,
enhances care provided to patients with hypertension, and strengthens the
patient-physician-pharmacist relationship. Methods: Three students in
conjunction with their pharmacist preceptor undertook an evaluation of a
high-volume grocery store chain community pharmacy as part of a longitudinal
community pharmacy rotation. A program that integrates a hypertension
management encounter into the patient's monthly visit to the pharmacy to
pick up their prescription refills was developed. For each month of the
6-month program, enrolled patients are invited to sit with a pharmacist for
a brief consultation that includes a manual blood pressure reading, a
conversation about an educational topic related to blood pressure, and a
discussion on any medication-related issues. Blood glucose and cholesterol
screenings are offered to enrolled patients as an added service. After each
visit, the pharmacist consults with the patient's physician regarding
screening results and medication-related problems. Outcomes to assess the
impact of the service include average change in blood pressure, percentage
of patients achieving blood pressure goal, number of recommendations to
physicians that result in therapy changes, number of drug-related problems
identified through pharmacist intervention, and number of referrals from
doctors. The service was developed between September 2008 and May 2009, with
patient enrollment beginning in May 2009. Results: NA (research in
progress). Conclusion: NA (research in progress).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cholesterol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
blood pressure regulation
community
drug therapy
education
hypertension
monitoring
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood pressure
book
consultation
conversation
glucose blood level
human
patient
pharmacy
physician
prescription
reading
screening
student
therapy
workflow
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 616
TITLE
Syringe exchange programs: Impact on injection drug users and the role of
the pharmacist from a U.S. perspective.
AUTHOR NAMES
Nacopoulos A.G.
Lewtas A.J.
Ousterhout M.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nacopoulos A.G.; Lewtas A.J.; Ousterhout M.M.) Clinical Pharmacy Services,
University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.G. Nacopoulos, Clinical Pharmacy Services, University of Massachusetts
Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA. Email:
alkiviadis.nacopoulos@umassmed.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2010) 50:2
(148-157). Date of Publication: 2010 Mar-Apr 1
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present a summary of the existing literature on syringe
exchange programs (SEPs) and to discuss the potential role of pharmacists in
providing support for injection drug users (IDUs) and such programs. DATA
SOURCES: To identify relevant articles published since 2000, a search of
PubMed and Medline was conducted using syringe exchange programs and needle
exchange programs as search terms. A manual review of each article's
citation list was also conducted. DATA EXTRACTION: By the authors. DATA
SYNTHESIS: Information is presented in four categories: state and federal
support of SEPs, characteristics of SEP users, epidemiological studies, and
social reluctance for SEP support. The information summarized in these
sections is then used as a foundation for a review of the potential role of
the pharmacist. CONCLUSION: SEPs have demonstrated a clear effect in
improving the health outcomes of IDUs by decreasing the transmission of
blood-borne disease and lowering high-risk injecting behaviors. Despite
conflicting support for SEPs at both the federal and local levels,
pharmacists can play a pivotal role in the health of IDUs by providing sound
medical advice and, in some states, acting as an alternative channel for
obtaining clean syringes. Efforts should continue to focus on educating
pharmacists about this role and how their individual actions can benefit the
health of the entire population.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
preventive health service
professional standard
substance abuse (epidemiology)
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse (adverse drug reaction)
human
organization and management
pharmacy
review
standard
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
20199955 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20199955)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.09178
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 617
TITLE
Development of a clinical pharmacy services provider network for homeless
patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Moczygemba L.
Matzke G.
Gatewood S.
Alexander A.
Kennedy A.
Osborn R.
Goode J.
Reynolds-Cane D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Moczygemba L., lrmoczygemba@vcu.edu; Matzke G.; Gatewood S.; Alexander A.;
Kennedy A.; Goode J.) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy,
United States.
(Osborn R.; Reynolds-Cane D.) Daily Planet, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Moczygemba, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, United
States. Email: lrmoczygemba@vcu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (275-276). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To enhance the continuity of clinical pharmacy services at
transition points of care through the development of a provider network.
Methods: The Daily Planet Inc., a Health Care for the Homeless Clinic, and
the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy (VCU SOP), through
their collaborative care provision to homeless mental health patients, have
identified many barriers to optimal medication use. Homeless patients have
high rates of mental and physical health problems and substance abuse, which
are exacerbated by living on the streets and in shelters. Also, homeless
patients often experience transitions of care, such as emergency department
visits or incarcerations, which may lead to medication errors and gaps in
medication use for chronic diseases. Disruptions in patients' medication
regimens decrease medication adherence and can lead to poor health outcomes.
Therefore, the Daily Planet and VCU SOP providers proposed a plan to enhance
communication with and the quality of care given by community providers. The
first step in this process was to create a Clinical Pharmacy Services
Provider Network (CPSPN) to minimize medication errors and gaps in
medication use during transitions of care. The CPSPN currently has four
additional partners, VCU Health System Outpatient Pharmacy, VCU Health
System Emergency Department, and two community pharmacies, all of whom have
enthusiastically endorsed the mission to coordinate clinical pharmacy
services with an initial focus on medication reconciliation. Initial funding
for this CPSPN initiative has been received from the VCU Council for
Community Engagement. This pilot project will test the utility of the
network's foundational electronic tool for coordinating medication
reconciliation between the Daily Planefr-VCU team and community providers.
Results: NA (research in progress). Conclusion: NA (research in progress).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
hospital department
human
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
astronomy
chronic disease
community
drug therapy
emergency ward
funding
health
health care
hospital
interpersonal communication
medication error
medication therapy management
mental health
outpatient
patient compliance
pharmacy
pilot study
school
substance abuse
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 618
TITLE
Expansion of clinical pharmacy services in an underserved population through
an academic-community partnership
AUTHOR NAMES
Gatewood S.
Alexander A.
Osborn R.
Kennedy A.
Goode J.
Matzke G.
Reynolds-Cane D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gatewood S., ssgatewood@vcu.edu; Alexander A.; Kennedy A.; Goode J.; Matzke
G.) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, United States.
(Osborn R.; Reynolds-Cane D.) Daily Planet, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Gatewood, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, United
States. Email: ssgatewood@vcu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (268-269). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To increase (1) resources for the provision of clinical pharmacy
services and (2) availability and scope of clinical pharmacy services
provided by an established academic-community partnership. Methods: The
Daily Planet, Inc., a Federally Qualified Health Care for the Homeless
Clinic, and Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Pharmacy have
an established academic-community partnership that has provided
collaborative care to homeless patients with mental health or substance
abuse diagnoses since 2006. They were selected to participate in the Health
Resource Services Administration Patient Safety & Clinical Pharmacy Services
Collaborative (PSPC), whose aim is “enhancing (patient) lives by achieving
optimal health outcomes,” in July 2008. PSPC provided a framework for
improving clinical pharmacy services at the Daily Planet, which included
resources for the clinical pharmacist and development of new services, such
as medication adherence interventions, patient education, medication
reconciliation, and adverse drug event monitoring. Results: The resources at
the Daily Planet were increased to include clinical pharmacist access to the
clinic's electronic medical record for documenting pharmacists'
consultations and a dedicated pharmacist consultation room. A pharmacy
fellowship was developed in collaboration with the Daily Planet. Clinical
pharmacy hours increased from 4 hours per week to 30 hours per week, and the
number of clinical pharmacy service patient visits has increased from 24
(June 2008) to 141 (August 2009) visits per month. Clinical pharmacy
services were further expanded to include medication therapy and disease
state management for both mental health and medical patients. Conclusion:
The academic-community partnership was key to enhancing resources and
expanding the availability and scope of clinical pharmacy services. These
services are now available to all patients at the Daily Planet, Inc.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
community
hospital department
population
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
astronomy
consultation
diagnosis
drug therapy
electronic medical record
health
health care
health care planning
hospital
human
medication therapy management
mental health
monitoring
patient
patient compliance
patient education
patient safety
pharmacist
pharmacy
school
substance abuse
therapy
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 619
TITLE
Necessary, effective, and affordable therapy (Neat): The impact of student
pharmacists and preceptors on patient health outcomes
AUTHOR NAMES
Otremba S.
Turner P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Otremba S., sotremba@gmail.com; Turner P.) Wayne State University, College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Otremba, Wayne State University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
United States. Email: sotremba@gmail.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (300). Date of
Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the impact of student pharmacist interventions and
recommendations on patient health outcomes, including drug-related problems
(DRPs), disease state knowledge, adherence, lifestyle modifications, and
medication affordability. Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of
MTM-like sessions conducted by P4 student pharmacists and preceptors with
patients that had multiple disease states and used multiple medications.
From 2007 to 2009, P4 students, as part of a course requirement, conducted
medication review sessions with patients at their community experiential
sites. Sessions included the recording of medication histories and the
providing of counseling and education. One goal was to increase comfort with
student pharmacists among patients. Students received orientation at the
beginning of the general community rotation and were given standardized
documents to use during sessions with patients. Students identified
patients' medication compliance through the use of a questionnaire.
Medication affordability and knowledge, lifestyle attitudes, and disease
state knowledge were assessed. The P4 student pharmacists identified DRPs
through the medication history-gathering session and made written
recommendations to the patient for presentation to the physician.
Patient-specific data and the results of the counseling sessions were
recorded and compiled. Results: The student pharmacists obtained a total of
97 medication histories from patients, 46 of whom had type 2 diabetes. The
students identified 141 DRPs; provided lifestyle modification counseling in
139 cases, which included counseling on smoking cessation, diet, and
exercise; and provided cumulative potential costsavings to the patients of
$11,339.99. Conclusion: The intervention of student pharmacists and their
preceptors in MTM-like sessions increased patient knowledge with regard to
medications, disease states, and the importance of compliance. Student
pharmacists helped to improve patient health outcomes by identifying and
eliminating DRPs and they identified significant potential cost-savings for
the patient.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health
human
patient
pharmacist
student
therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
cost control
counseling
diabetes mellitus
diet
drug therapy
education
exercise
lifestyle
lifestyle modification
patient compliance
physician
questionnaire
recording
smoking cessation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 620
TITLE
Project chance: A chance to prevent the complications of smoking
AUTHOR NAMES
Van Olden E.
Ray A.
Manson K.
Corman S.
Connor S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Van Olden E.; Ray A.; Manson K.; Corman S., cormsl@upmc.edu; Connor S.)
University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Ray, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (302-303). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To improve the health of underserved populations by identifying,
educating, and empowering patients who smoke to utilize available community
resources and to engage student pharmacists in the care of these patients.
Methods: Due to the success of our previous project in collaboration with
the Birmingham clinic, our chapter has decided to expand our project to
include screening and education about smoking and nicotine dependence. A
student committee was formed to research community resources, determine ways
to identify patients with nicotine dependence, coordinate student
involvement, and develop creative patient education materials. CO monitors
will be used to describe to patients the extent to which smoking impacts
their oxygenation. Student volunteers will keep a database of patients who
they interact with and identify patients that may be candidates for smoking
cessation therapy. Evaluation methods will include tracking the number of
patients who smoke, their CO levels, the number of patients referred to the
Birmingham smoking cessation clinic, the number of patients who attend the
clinic as a result of referral from the students, the number of patients
given information on community resources, and the number of student
pharmacists who participated. A patient questionnaire will be used to
evaluate satisfaction with the education and resources provided. Students
will be surveyed to gauge the extent of their learning. Seven students have
participated in the initial planning of this project. Data collection and
evaluation will continue through the academic year. Promotion for this
project will continue through October and November 2009 with patients being
able to volunteer at the clinic starting in January 2010. Results: NA
(research in progress). Conclusion: NA (research in progress).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
smoking
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
data base
education
health
hospital
human
information processing
learning
oxygenation
patient
patient education
pharmacist
planning
population
questionnaire
satisfaction
screening
smoke
smoking cessation
student
therapy
tobacco dependence
volunteer
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 621
TITLE
Implementation and evaluation of a comprehensive medication review and
assessment training program for pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Kuhr E.
Casey G.
Kopacek K.
Thorpe J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kuhr E., ekuhr@uwhealth.org) University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics,
United States.
(Casey G.; Kopacek K.; Thorpe J.) University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of
Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Kuhr, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, United States. Email:
ekuhr@uwhealth.org
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (279-280). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To measure the effectiveness and impact of a comprehensive
medication review and assessment (CMR/A) training program on practicing
pharmacists' knowledge and confidence in performing and intention to provide
medication therapy management (MTM) services. Methods: Background: The
Wisconsin Pharmacy Quality Collaborative (WPQC) is a consortium of health
care organizations and pharmacies that has created a qualitybased MTM
services demonstration project that aligns incentives for both pharmacists
and payers to provide and support MTM services. CMR/A is the highest level
of MTM service a pharmacist can provide through WPQC. This service involves
a pharmacist meeting with the patient to review all of their medications,
medical conditions, and concerns. The design and implementation of a
pharmacist CMR/A training program is a collaborative effort between the
Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin and the University of Wisconsin-Madison School
of Pharmacy. The content of this program draws upon aspects of the Theory of
Planned Behavior, and builds upon the School of Pharmacy's current MTM
curriculum for student pharmacists. Pharmacists employed at pharmacies
offering WPQC services elected to receive additional training on providing
CMR/As to enhance their practice. Pharmacists completed a 2.5-hour home
study and 6-hour hands-on training program. The training was focused on
identifying and recruiting eligible patients, conducting a patient interview
and collecting an appropriate medication history, identifying and
prioritizing drugrelated problems, communicating drug therapy
recommendations to the physician, communicating drug therapy changes to the
patient, and electronically documenting and billing for services. The
training assessment tool was developed to evaluate domains comprising the
Theory of Planned Behavior. Pharmacists completed the assessment tool 1 week
prior to home study and immediately following the training session to
evaluate (1) their knowledge regarding MTM services and WPQC, (2) confidence
in performing WPQC MTM services, (3) attitudes, subjective norms, perceived
behavioral control, behavioral beliefs, and intentions to provide WPQC MTM
services in the future. Results: NA (research in progress). Conclusion: NA
(research in progress).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy
pharmacist
training
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
curriculum
health care organization
human
interview
medication therapy management
patient
pharmacy
physician
school
society
student
Theory of Planned Behavior
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 622
TITLE
Medication reviews in 24-hour group homes for patients with intellectual and
developmental disabilities
AUTHOR NAMES
Fornoff A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fornoff A., anisa.fornoff@drake.edu) Drake University, College of Pharmacy
and Health Sciences, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Fornoff, Drake University, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
United States. Email: anisa.fornoff@drake.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (283). Date of
Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To (1) identify and solve drug therapy problems, (2) provide
patient education at the appropriate health literacy level, and (3) provide
staff education. Methods: Patients live in a 24-hour supervised group home
and have the diagnosis of an intellectual or developmental disability
(ID/DD). Medications are delivered by a community pharmacy, and limited
counseling is provided. Medication reviews are performed quarterly at the
Home and Community Based Service (HCBS) sites by pharmacy faculty and a
student pharmacist. This activity allows the review of the appropriateness
of the medication regimen and to identify potential drug therapy problems.
Possible issues include decreases in the following: overuse of medications
to control behavior, improper administration of medications, inappropriate
use of as-needed medications, and expired and discontinued medications
available. Staff is instructed on how to solve the identified errors and
error prevention education is completed. Patients are counseled on
medications, asked about potential side effects, and review the efficacy of
their treatment. An evaluation tool was created to aid in this activity and
a computerized medication error database is utilized for tracking. Results:
During a 5-month period, 18 reviews were completed with 102 interventions
identified. Of those interventions, 22.5% are directly related to patient
training, including topics such as device and medication counseling,
diabetes education, and creating self-medication plans. Staff training
interventions have accounted for 12.7% of the interventions. Training
includes issues such as how to use a glucagon kit, appropriate documentation
of as-needed medications, and recognizing side effects. Over 30% of
interventions include expired and discontinued medications still present at
the site. Medication site reviews conduction by a pharmacist can have an
impact on the services provided in group homes for patients with ID/DD and
their staff. Conclusion: NA (research in progress).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
glucagon
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
developmental disorder
drug therapy
human
patient
residential home
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
counseling
data base
devices
diabetes education
diagnosis
documentation
education
health literacy
medication error
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
prevention
self medication
side effect
staff training
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 623
TITLE
Outcomes of an outpatient medication therapy management service in a
Singapore Hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Liew A.
Lee C.
Hu A.
Ng Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Liew A.; Lee C.; Hu A.; Ng Y., yasmin_ng@cgh.com.sg) Changi General
Hospital, Singapore.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Liew, Changi General Hospital, Singapore.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (288-289). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To (1) provide medication therapy management (MTM) services to
patients, (2) identify potential drug-related problems (DRPs) and optimize
medication use, and (3) improve medication adherence through counseling and
education. Methods: This prospective study involved patients seen at Changi
General Hospital specialist outpatient clinics in Singapore from June 2008
to August 2009. Patients were enrolled for MTM services through referral by
their physicians or pharmacists or by self-referral based on any of six
criteria: (1) receives medications from more than one prescriber, (2) on
five or more long-term medications, (3) has new or complex medication
regimen, (4) abnormal lab values that could be improved with medications,
(5) medication nonadherence, or (6) medication cost concern. MTM sessions
run by pharmacists were conducted in line with the APhA/NACDS model
framework. Outcome measures include type and frequency of DRPs detected,
services performed, and patient/caregiver's feedback on MTM service.
Results: Of the 111 patients referred for MTM services, 80 (72.1%) were
seen. Pharmacists reviewed a mean (±SD) of 10.4 (±3.7) medications per
patient and identified a total of 118 DRPs (mean, 1.5 per patient). Some
68.8% (55) of our patients had at least one DRP identified, and the most
common DRP was nonadherence to medication regimen. A total of 19 DRPs
(16.1%) required physician intervention. About half of these interventions
involve a change in dose, and approximately 30% involve addition of a
medication. Pharmacists provided a variety of educational services,
including medication use (96.3%), adherence (56.3%), and self-care (30.0%).
In addition, medications were sorted, repacked, and relabeled with the
latest dosing instructions for 46 patients. Survey results showed that the
services were well received. Conclusion: MTM is a valuable patientcentered
service that sieves out potential DRPs. Health care professionals can
collaborate through MTM to enhance patient care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital
medication therapy management
outpatient
Singapore
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
counseling
drug therapy
education
feedback system
general hospital
health care personnel
human
medical specialist
model
outpatient department
patient
patient care
patient compliance
pharmacist
physician
prospective study
self care
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 624
TITLE
Qualitative evaluation of case studies in pharmacy ethics
AUTHOR NAMES
Avres M.
Hazlet T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Avres M., xavrgram@u.washington.edu; Hazlet T.) University of Washington,
School of Pharmacy, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Avres, University of Washington, School of Pharmacy, United States.
Email: xavrgram@u.washington.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2010) 50:2 (259-260). Date
of Publication: March-April 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
APhA2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DC, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-03-12 to 2010-03-15
ISSN
1544-3191
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Pharmacists Association
ABSTRACT
Objective: To perform a qualitative evaluation of an original collection of
case studies in ethical dilemmas of pharmacy practice, describing the range
of these dilemmas and elucidating needs for focused study in pharmacy ethics
as distinct from ethics developed from other practice settings. Methods:
Cases collected from second professional year student pharmacist ethics
coursework (n = 122) are evaluated along several axes-inpatient or
outpatient setting, patient age, primary payer, and disease state-are
described. The primary and secondary ethical principles of interest and
contextual root cause of dilemma are identified for each case. Results: Of
55 evaluable cases, most (60%) involved adults (25-64 years old), were
independent of reimbursement issues (80%), and were observed in an
outpatient setting (81%). Nonmaleficence was the dominant ethics principle
(36%), followed by autonomy (24%), beneficence (16%), justice (13%), and
virtue (4%); 4 cases involved strictly legal issues. The dominant disease
states were chronic pain/substance abuse (18%), cancer (11%), psychiatric
(10%), emergency contraception (6%), organ transplant (6%), and assisted
suicide (3.5%). The root cause for almost half of the cases involved a
patient care versus law conflict (43%), followed by psychiatric issues
(16%), and patient misunderstandings of disease process (7%). We find that
pharmacy practice occurs in a unique environment of care that is not
accurately described or sufficiently addressed by medical ethics. Face
validity of cases as unique to pharmacy practice by setting or clinical
nature are consistently strong throughout. As applied medical ethics were
developed in response to the settings and needs of medical practice, a
correct response to the maturation of clinical pharmacy practice is the
development of specific ethical tools for pharmacy. Our analysis will be
refined to describe pharmacy ethics and suggest new approaches to validating
appropriate ethics tools. Further work should be done to validate and
describe applied pharmacy ethics. Conclusion: NA (research in progress).
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
case study
medical ethics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
adult
assisted suicide
beneficence
clinical pharmacy
emergency contraception
environment
ethics
face validity
hospital patient
human
justice
maturation
medical practice
morality
neoplasm
outpatient
patient
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacy
reimbursement
student
transplantation
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2010.10511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 625
TITLE
Practice strategies to improve compliance and patient self-management
AUTHOR NAMES
Ruetsch C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ruetsch C., Charles.Ruetsch@healthanalytic.com) Health Analytics, LLC, 9250
Bendix Rd. N., Ste. 240, Columbia, MD 21045, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Ruetsch, Health Analytics, LLC, 9250 Bendix Rd. N., Ste. 240, Columbia,
MD 21045, United States. Email: Charles.Ruetsch@healthanalytic.com
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2010) 16:1 SUPPL. B (S26-S27). Date of
Publication: February 2010
ISSN
1083-4087
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), 100 North Pitt St., Suite 400,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Failure in treating opioid dependence is costly to the patient,
the employer, managed care organizations, and the overall health care
system. Opioid dependent patients tend to be less productive at work and in
society and utilize a great many health care resources. Optimizing outcomes
is essential. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the benefit of integrated strategies
and patient support in the treatment of opioid dependence. SUMMARY: Health
Analytics is currently studying the benefit of HereToHelp, a behavioral
support program in which registered nurses or addiction treatment counselors
with specialized training in addiction education provide information and
encouragement to patients receiving pharmacologic treatment for opioid
dependence. A total of 470 physicians in 41 states have been enlisted to
participate in this patient support study. The study hypothesis is that
patients who receive behavioral support and encouragement will be more
compliant with their opioid replacement therapy, leading to better outcomes.
Additional treatment strategies are also being developed to minimize the
risk of abuse and diversion. Prodrugs and vaccines are also being
investigated. CONCLUSION: A coordinated team approach is essential in
treating pain patients and opioid-dependent patients. Offering behavior
modification in addition to pharmacotherapy and utilizing strategies such as
prescription monitoring programs, pain contracts, and screening are all
vital components necessary for positive outcomes. Copyright © 2010, Academy
of Managed Care Pharmacy. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine (drug therapy)
capsaicin
clonidine (adverse drug reaction)
dextromethorphan (drug therapy)
ipecac
ketamine (drug therapy)
lofexidine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
memantine (drug therapy)
morphine sulfate (drug combination, drug therapy)
naltrexone (drug combination, drug therapy)
oxycodone (drug combination, drug therapy)
phencyclidine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction (drug therapy, side effect, drug therapy, side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
behavior modification
human
hypotension (side effect)
monitoring
nonhuman
pain (drug therapy)
patient compliance
physician
prescription
risk assessment
self care
treatment outcome
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
capsaicin (404-86-4)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
ipecac (8012-96-2)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
lofexidine (31036-80-3)
memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1, 51052-62-1)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010228244
MEDLINE PMID
20146552 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20146552)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 626
TITLE
Stakeholders views on abuse and diversion in kentucky
AUTHOR NAMES
Peppin J.F.
Kirsh K.
Porada S.
Cole B.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Peppin J.F., johnpeppin@msn.com; Cole B.E.) Pain Treatment Center of the
Bluegrass, Lexington, United States.
(Kirsh K.; Porada S.) Aventine HealthSciences, Montclair, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.F. Peppin, Pain Treatment Center of the Bluegrass, Lexington, United
States. Email: johnpeppin@msn.com
SOURCE
Pain Medicine (2010) 11:2 (330). Date of Publication: February 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
26th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Pain Medicine, AAPM
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-02-03 to 2010-02-06
ISSN
1526-2375
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc.
ABSTRACT
Scheduled medication abuse and diversion of is a serious problem nationally
and particularly challenging in Kentucky. To date, few solutions for this
multifaceted problem have emerged. Stakeholders were gathered into a
committee comprised of law enforcement, regulatory, pharmacy, nursing,
physicians (addiction, internal medicine, pain medicine, family practice,
and palliative medicine), psychology, teen addiction, and education. A focus
group and partial Delphi method rank ordered multiple issues. These issues
were collated and initial questions were developed for an internet survey.
While ongoing, the first 50 responses to the survey were analyzed. When
asked to rank nine potential barriers to reducing diversion in Kentucky,
respondents rated lack of patient responsibility for their prescription
medications (average rank, AR = 2.81) and lack of appropriate pain
management education for prescribers and dispensers (AR = 3.09) as the two
most significant barriers. When asked to rank six sources of information,
which would help reduce diversion but were currently lacking, data on the
number of emergency room and hospital visits for controlled substances (AR =
2.81) and ways to identify the number of criminal activities ties to
controlled substances (AR = 3.05) were the top issues. Of existing
information, KASPER was reported as the single most important source of
data. Future recommendations included better training for healthcare
professionals and adoption of a requirement to show ID to pick up controlled
substance prescriptions. This survey is ongoing and will be reformatted for
a second iteration to help guide policy directions and targets for research
in this area.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
abuse
pain
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
Delphi study
drug therapy
education
emergency ward
general practice
health care personnel
hospital
information processing
internal medicine
Internet
law enforcement
nursing
offender
palliative therapy
patient
pharmacy
physician
policy
prescription
psychology
responsibility
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j1526-4637.2009.00781.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 627
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care urgency framework: Development of a teaching tool
AUTHOR NAMES
Jackson L.
Vella D.
Yang D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jackson L.; Yang D.) Department of Pharmacy, Veterans Centre, Sunnybrook
Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.
(Vella D.) Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Jackson, Department of Pharmacy, Veterans Centre, Sunnybrook Health
Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2010) 63:1 (68). Date of Publication:
2010
CONFERENCE NAME
CSHP Professional Practice Conference 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-01-30 to 2010-02-03
ISSN
0008-4123
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists
ABSTRACT
Rationale: Drug therapy problem (DTP) identification and prioritization are
key functions of the pharmaceutical care practitioner and must be acquired
by Pharmacy students. Guidance is available for prioritization of multiple
DTPs, but is lacking with respect to the timeliness for addressing
individual DTPs. An urgency framework, similar to triage was considered a
useful tool to address this gap. Description of the Project: Focus groups of
Pharmacy students and experienced pharmacists were conducted separately to
test the reasonableness of a proposed framework for categorizing the urgency
with which clinical situations should be addressed. Method: An urgency
categorization scheme for DTPs that assigns a timeframe to the pharmacist's
or other clinician's actions, which is akin to triage, was proposed. The
categories of urgency include critical, high, medium and low, and each has a
corresponding timeframe. The concept of importance was used to describe the
patient's perspective and includes aspects such as risk for harm and
motivating factors such as the usefulness of available treatments, and the
patient's values and preferences. The authors created 43 examples of
clinical conditions corresponding to the various levels of urgency and
sought to corroborate these assumptions in the focus groups. Evaluation:
Focus group participants were asked to rate the urgency and timeframe for
action for each clinical example. Pharmacy students agreed less often with
the predetermined urgency categorization of the examples (R2=0.61) compared
to pharmacists (R2=0.807). A similar difference was found for timeframe and
was attributed to inexperience. The 4-level urgency framework with
corresponding timeframes and degree of importance concepts were unanimously
endorsed by Pharmacy students and pharmacists. Importance to Practice:
Pharmacy students perceived that the framework would be useful to them in
their undergraduate education and pharmacists perceived that the framework
would be useful for instruction of students during clinical rotations.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
professional practice
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug therapy
education
emergency health service
human
information processing
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
physician
problem identification
risk
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 628
TITLE
CSHP Professional Practice Conference 2010
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2010) 63:1. Date of Publication: 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
CSHP Professional Practice Conference 2010
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Toronto, ON, Canada
CONFERENCE DATE
2010-01-30 to 2010-02-03
ISSN
0008-4123
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists
ABSTRACT
The proceedings contain 44 papers. The topics discussed include:
determination of initial vancomycin dosing recommendations in burn
patients-retrospective chart review; teaching residents to teach:
development of a teaching rotation for a pharmacy practice residency;
analysis of medication incidents in Ontario; pharmaceutical care urgency
framework: development of a teaching tool; monitoring and documentation of
outcomes from targeted medication interventions: implementation using the
electronic documentation system; description of drug therapy problems and
anticoagulation outcomes in a multidisciplinary anticoagulation clinic;
ziprasidone and analgesic-induced serotonin syndrome; fluconazole treatment
failure in cryptococcal meningitis Bonnie Thieu, Edward Ralph, Zafar
Hussain, Anne Marie Bombassaro London health sciences; and nephrotoxicity
associated with tenofovir: a systematic review of observational studies.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
fluconazole
tenofovir
vancomycin
ziprasidone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anticoagulation
burn patient
Canada
cryptococcal meningitis
documentation
drug therapy
health science
hospital
human
medical record review
monitoring
nephrotoxicity
observational study
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
serotonin syndrome
systematic review
systematic review (topic)
teaching
treatment failure
United Kingdom
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
French, English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 629
TITLE
A course introducing the principles of pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Hudgens J.R.
Chirico M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hudgens J.R., julie.hudgens@belmont.edu) Belmont University School of
Pharmacy, Gordon E. Inman College of Health Sciences and Nursing, 1900
Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
(Chirico M.J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Hudgens, Email: julie.hudgens@belmont.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2010) 74:7 (1). Date of
Publication: 10 Sep 2010
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
To develop, implement, and assess a course that introduces students to the
process and application of pharmaceutical care. The course was offered to
students in the third semester of the PharmD curriculum. The course's
ability outcomes were to integrate and apply scientific and therapeutic
knowledge in the delivery of evidence-based pharmaceutical care, and to
develop the skills of a professional, lifelong learner. The students
successfully applied the information learned in this course to the practice
of pharmaceutical care. The 3 components of the course that appeared to be
the most challenging were identifying drug-therapy problems, creating
compound goals, and creating a care plan. This course was effective in
meeting ability-based outcomes. The assessment data helped the instructors
determine what changes should be made to increase the course's success when
it is offered again.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
curriculum
education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptive behavior
article
assessment
clinical competence
evaluation study
evidence based medicine
human
learner evaluation
methodology
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy student
problem based learning
psychological aspect
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
21088737 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21088737)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 630
TITLE
Evaluation of self medication among professional students in North India:
Proper statutory drug control must be implemented
AUTHOR NAMES
Verma R.K.
Mohan L.
Pandey M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Verma R.K., royal_mpcp@yahoo.co.in; Mohan L.; Pandey M.) Department of
Pharmaceutics, Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology and
Management, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 227105, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. K. Verma, Department of Pharmaceutics, Babu Banarasi Das National
Institute of Technology and Management, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 227105,
India. Email: royal_mpcp@yahoo.co.in
SOURCE
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research (2010) 3:1 (60-64).
Date of Publication: January-March 2010
ISSN
0974-2441
BOOK PUBLISHER
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 32-H, Kalany Nagar,
Aerodrum Road,Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to describe and examine the branded
medicines used by professional students, awareness, trust in medicine
system, reasons behind self medication, drug information resources, danger
findings and knowledge of drug profile. Samples of 1175 young students
belonging to different regions of North India were selected randomly from
two institutions of U. P. Technical University. An inclusion criterion was
17-25 years (mean age 20.13±2.32). A total of 153 students were excluded in
accordance with the exclusion criteria like incomplete information. The
prevalence of self medication among professional students was 87.00%. About
82.97% students had a positive trust in allopathic medicines,80.82% students
learn self medication from doctors prescriptions provided during their prior
illness.15.65%were alcoholic,16.73% were smokers,11.74%students with chronic
problems ,who were considered in danger findings. Only 43.93% students were
about drug interaction. Most of the self medication was involved with
headache and fever, cough & cold, gastrointestinal Infection, mouth ulcer &
Throat infection. Respondents were using Schedule H drugs/potent drugs for
minor illness. The results are based on feed backs which were provided by
respondents included in study. The percentage of self medication might be
change along with locality and region. The prevalence of self medication
among professional students in North India is high. This descriptive survey
shows that the majority of professional students had a poor knowledge about
appropriate self medication while the knowledge of the benefits and risks
was not adequate. A number of students consult pharmacists and follow
advertisements on drug information. This issue needs to be addressed by the
responsible authorities of State Pharmacy Council/Ministry of Health.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy)
acetylsalicylic acid calcium
albendazole (drug therapy)
alex
anacin (drug therapy)
antipyretic analgesic agent (drug therapy)
attapulgite (drug therapy)
becosule
cetrizen
clioquinol (drug therapy)
corex
crocin (drug therapy)
dependal
dextromethorphan (drug therapy)
digene
diphenhydramine (drug therapy)
furazolidone (drug therapy)
glycerol (drug therapy)
glycodin
honeytuss
ibuprofen
ibuprofen (drug therapy)
ibuprofen plus paracetamol (drug therapy)
metronidazole (drug therapy)
ornade (drug therapy)
painzon
paracetamol (drug therapy)
pheniramine aminosalicylate (drug therapy)
pholcodine (drug therapy)
pudinhara
ranidom
saridon (drug therapy)
sinarest
smyle
unclassified drug
wincold
zandu balm
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug control
self medication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
alcoholism
allopathy
article
chronic disease
cold
common cold symptom (drug therapy)
consultation
coughing (drug therapy)
drug information
drug safety
drug use
fever (drug therapy)
gastrointestinal infection (drug therapy)
headache (drug therapy)
human
India
mouth ulcer (drug therapy)
pharmacist
pharyngitis (drug therapy)
prescription
professional knowledge
smoking
DRUG TRADE NAMES
alex
anacin
avil
becosule
benadryl
brufen
calpol
cetrizen
combiflam
corex
crocin
dependal
digene
disprin
enteroquinol
gelusil
glycodin
honeytuss
painzon
pudinhara
ranidom
saridon
sinarest
smyle
wincold
zandu balm
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
acetylsalicylic acid calcium (69-46-5)
albendazole (54965-21-8)
anacin (53908-20-6)
attapulgite (12174-11-7, 12408-47-8, 12511-31-8, 1327-43-1, 64418-16-2)
clioquinol (130-26-7, 8057-20-3)
crocin (39465-00-4, 42553-65-1)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
furazolidone (67-45-8)
glycerol (56-81-5)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1)
ornade (50808-49-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pheniramine aminosalicylate (3269-83-8)
pholcodine (509-67-1)
saridon (8064-93-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Otorhinolaryngology (11)
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010083246
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 631
TITLE
Tobacco control practices among Aboriginal health professionals in Western
Australia
AUTHOR NAMES
Pilkington A.A.G.
Carter O.B.J.
Cameron A.S.
Thompson S.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pilkington A.A.G.; Thompson S.C.) Office of Aboriginal Health, Department
of Health Western Australia, East Perth, WA 6004, Australia.
(Pilkington A.A.G.; Thompson S.C.) Centre for International Health, Curtin
University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
(Pilkington A.A.G.; Cameron A.S.) National Centre for Epidemiology and
Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200,
Australia.
(Carter O.B.J., o.carter@curtin.edu.au) Centre for Behavioural Research in
Cancer Control, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA
6845, Australia.
(Cameron A.S.) Department of Public Health, University of Adelaide,
Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. B. J. Carter, Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer Control, Curtin
University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. Email:
o.carter@curtin.edu.au
SOURCE
Australian Journal of Primary Health (2009) 15:2 (152-158). Date of
Publication: 2009
ISSN
1448-7527
BOOK PUBLISHER
CSIRO, P.O. Box 1139, Collingwood, Australia.
ABSTRACT
Smoking among Aboriginal people is extremely widespread (50 v. 17% of the
general population). Aboriginal Health Workers (AHW) are at the vanguard of
tackling this problem but many themselves smoke and little is known of their
knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding smoking cessation. Structured
telephone interviews were conducted with 36 AHW, including 31% current
smokers, 31% ex-smokers and 38% non-smokers, to assess their current smoking
cessation practices and knowledge of health risks, nicotine dependence,
cessation strategies and pharmacotherapies. AHW considered diabetes, alcohol
use and heart disease more problematic than smoking among Aboriginal people.
Fear of appearing hypocritical stopped many who smoke from discussing
smoking cessation with clients but also stopped some non-smoking AHW whose
colleagues or family smoked. Cultural concerns about telling others 'what to
do' was also a major impediment. Knowledge of the health effects of smoking
was good, but knowledge of appropriate advice around cessation
pharmacotherapies was suboptimal. AHW trained in smoking cessation were more
knowledgeable and active in smoking cessation, but most AHW had received no
training, despite being keen to do so. Specific smoking cessation training
is sought and appears needed by AHW, particularly in the areas of brief
interventions, motivational interviewing, dependence assessment and
pharmacotherapies. © La Trobe University 2009.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol consumption
article
attitude to health
Australia
controlled study
diabetes mellitus
female
health behavior
health hazard
health practitioner
heart disease
human
indigenous people
male
structured interview
tobacco dependence
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009628251
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/PY08066
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 632
TITLE
Principles of laboratory assessment of drug abuse liability and implications
for clinical development.
AUTHOR NAMES
Carter L.P.
Griffiths R.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Carter L.P.; Griffiths R.R.) Department of Psychiatry, University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Psychiatric Research Institute-Center for
Addiction Research, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.P. Carter, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences, Psychiatric Research Institute-Center for Addiction Research,
Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
SOURCE
Drug and alcohol dependence (2009) 105 Suppl 1 (S14-25). Date of
Publication: 1 Dec 2009
ISSN
1879-0046 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Abuse liability testing plays an important role in informing drug
development, regulatory processes, and clinical practice. This paper
describes the current "gold standard" methodologies that are used for
laboratory assessments of abuse liability in non-human and human subjects.
Particular emphasis is given to procedures such as non-human drug
discrimination, self-administration, and physical dependence testing, and
human dose-effect abuse liability studies that are commonly used in
regulatory submissions to governmental agencies. The potential benefits and
risks associated with the inclusion of measures of abuse liability in
industry-sponsored clinical trials is discussed. Lastly, it is noted that
many factors contribute to patterns of drug abuse and dependence outside of
the laboratory setting and positive or negative signals in abuse liability
studies do not always translate to high or low levels of actual abuse or
dependence. Well-designed patient and physician education,
pharmacovigilance, and postmarketing surveillance can reduce the diversion
and misuse of drugs with abuse liability and can effectively foster the
protection and promotion of public health.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (prevention)
behavioral research
drug screening
phase 1 clinical trial
phase 2 clinical trial
phase 3 clinical trial
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal
human
methodology
review
risk assessment
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19443137 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19443137)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 633
TITLE
My first patient program to introduce first-year pharmacy students to health
promotion and disease prevention
AUTHOR NAMES
Maffeo C.
Chase P.
Brown B.
Tuohy K.
Kalsekar I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Maffeo C., cmaffeo@butler.edu; Brown B.; Tuohy K.; Kalsekar I.) College of
Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University, .
(Chase P.) School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Maffeo, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Butler University, .
Email: cmaffeo@butler.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2009) 73:6 Article Number: 97.
Date of Publication: 2009
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. To implement and assess the effectiveness of a program to teach
pharmacy students the importance of taking personal responsibility for their
health. Design. The My First Patient Program was created and lectures were
incorporated into an existing first-year course to introduce the concepts of
health beliefs, behavior modification, stress management, substance abuse,
and nutrition. Each student received a comprehensive health screening and
health risk assessment which they used to develop a personal health
portfolio and identify strategies to attain and/ or maintain their personal
health goals. Assessment. Student learning was assessed through written
assignments and student reflections, follow-up surveys, and course
evaluations. Students' attainment of health goals and their ability to
identify their personal health status illustrated the positive impact of the
program. Conclusion. This program serves as a model for colleges and schools
of pharmacy and for other health professions in the instruction of health
promotion, disease prevention, and behavior modification.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
allied health education
health promotion
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
behavior modification
education program
health belief
health hazard
learning
mass screening
nutrition
pharmacy student
preventive medicine
prophylaxis
responsibility
risk assessment
stress management
substance abuse
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009523145
MEDLINE PMID
19885066 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19885066)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 634
TITLE
The addicts among us.
AUTHOR NAMES
Baldwin J.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baldwin J.N.) American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.N. Baldwin, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, USA.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2009) 73:7 (124). Date of
Publication: 12 Nov 2009
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology, prevention)
alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention)
pharmacist
pharmacy student
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude to health
education
health personnel attitude
human
professional standard
psychological aspect
statistics
United States (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19960083 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19960083)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 635
TITLE
Evaluation of misuse, non-medical use and dependence on tramadol: A
pharmacoepidemiological study based on community pharmacies in France
AUTHOR NAMES
Roussin A.
Genioux H.
Doozon-D'Ouince O.
Lopeyre-Mestre M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Roussin A.; Genioux H.; Doozon-D'Ouince O.; Lopeyre-Mestre M.) Unité de
Pharmacoéépidémiologie, EA 3696, Université de Toulouse, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Roussin, Unité de Pharmacoéépidémiologie, EA 3696, Université de
Toulouse, France.
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2009) 32:10 (980). Date of Publication: 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
9th ISoP Annual Meeting âFrom Pharmacovigilance to Risk Managementâ
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Reims, France
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-10-06 to 2009-10-09
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In addition to the μ opioid agonist activity of tramadol and
its main metabolite O-desmethyltramadol, tramadol also acts on
serotoninergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission. This difference in the
mechanism of action, compared to that of other opioid analgesics, could
account for differences in rates and characteristics of problematic uses of
this drug, in particular pharmacodependence. Aim: To investigate the reasons
for use of tramadol others than alleviating pain, as well as the
characteristics of pharmacodependence on this drug, from reports of patients
via a self-administered questionnaire given in community pharmacies.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during a two month period
(january-march 2008) and was based on the responses to an anonymous
questionnaire by patients presenting a prescription for tramadol in
community pharmacies. The recruitment of pharmacies was done by pharmacy
students performing a training period in a pharmacy of the French
Midi-Pyrénées area. Patients were asked to fill in the questionnaire which
investigated patterns of drug use and criteria of dependence adapted from
the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV (DSM-IV). Several questions also
explored pain relief related to tramadol use. Results: Sixty six percent (n
=61) of the solicited pharmacies (n =92) participated in the survey. Four
hundred and sixty five patients filled and returned the questionnaire. Among
the 257 patients who had used tramadol in the previous month, 66% were
women, and the mean age was 59-17 years. Three of them (1.1%) said that they
used tramadol for purposes other than pain alleviating: ''to help to cope
with life'', ''to relieve tiredness'', and ''because of drug withdrawal
symptoms''. Sixty five patients (25%) were classified as dependent on
tramadol as they presented at least 3 out of 6 criteria adapted from the
DSM-IV and exploring physical dependence and compulsive drug use. In
addition, the answers of the patients suggest that, in the majority of
cases, the positive answers to the questions relying on pharmacodependence
are related to the persistence of pain. Conclusion: These results suggest
that tramadol prescribed to patients to relieve pain can lead to
pharmacodependence. However, the persistence of pain could be also an
important factor associated to the criteria of pharmacodependence evaluated
in the present study.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
tramadol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
narcotic analgesic agent
o nortramadol
opiate agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
drug surveillance program
France
pharmacy
risk
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
book
cross-sectional study
diagnosis
drug dependence
drug use
drug withdrawal
fatigue
female
metabolite
neurotransmission
pain
patient
pharmacy student
prescription
questionnaire
withdrawal syndrome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11316660-000000000-00000
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 636
TITLE
Differences in self and independent ratings on an organisational dual
diagnosis capacity measure
AUTHOR NAMES
Lee N.
Cameron J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lee N., nicole.lee@turningpoint.org.au; Cameron J.) Turning Point Alcohol
and Drug Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
(Lee N., nicole.lee@turningpoint.org.au) School of Psychology, Psychiatry
and Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Lee, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, 54-62 Gertrude Street,
Fitzroy, Vic. 3065, Australia. Email: nicole.lee@turningpoint.org.au
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Review (2009) 28:6 (682-684). Date of Publication: November
2009
ISSN
0959-5236
1465-3362 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Aims: There are a number of tools to assist services to
measure their capacity to respond to co-occurring substance use and mental
health disorders.This study aimed to examine whether services could
accurately self-rate their dual diagnosis capacity. Design and Methods: Data
were collected from 13 alcohol and drug services across Australia that
participated in a comorbidity capacity building initiative.The organisations
provided a range of services, including pharmacotherapy and counselling
services, residential and outpatient services, youth and adult services and
withdrawal. There was a mix of government and non-government services.
Results: Services rated themselves substantially higher than the independent
raters at both baseline and follow up. Discussion and Conclusions: The
results suggest that services may not accurately assess their own capacity.
For organisations trying to make improvements in their services, independent
assessment may be more helpful than self-assessment in accurately
determining service gaps. Overestimation of capacity may lead to failure to
address important service needs. © 2009 Australasian Professional Society on
Alcohol and other Drugs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis, epidemiology)
drug dependence treatment
mental disease (diagnosis, epidemiology)
self concept
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Australia (epidemiology)
clinical trial
comorbidity
follow up
human
methodology
multicenter study
psychiatric diagnosis
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
19930024 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19930024)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00116.x
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 637
TITLE
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: An overview of interventions for affected
individuals
AUTHOR NAMES
Chandrasena A.N.
Mukherjee R.A.S.
Turk J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chandrasena A.N.; Turk J.) Academic Child and Adolescent Mental Health,
Clinical Developmental Sciences, St George's University of London, Cranmer
Terrace, London, SW17 0RE, United Kingdom.
(Mukherjee R.A.S., rmukherj@sgul.ac.uk) Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS
Trust, Bracketts Resource Centre, 116-118 Station Road East, Oxted, RH8 0QA,
United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A.S. Mukherjee, Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Trust, Bracketts
Resource Centre, 116-118 Station Road East, Oxted, RH8 0QA, United Kingdom.
Email: rmukherj@sgul.ac.uk
SOURCE
Child and Adolescent Mental Health (2009) 14:4 (162-167). Date of
Publication: November 2009
ISSN
1475-357X
1475-3588 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Whilst much has been written about understanding the diagnostic and
underlying pathological processes related to prenatal alcohol exposure, far
less has been directed at the management of affected individuals. We
undertake a review of the literature focusing on a range of interventions
including psychological, social, educational, pharmacological as well recent
advances and directions. This paper is designed to give an overview on the
management of this complex disorder. © 2008 Association for Child and
Adolescent Mental Health.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
choline
dexamphetamine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
methylphenidate (drug comparison, drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (drug comparison, drug therapy)
psychostimulant agent (drug comparison, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
fetal alcohol syndrome (drug therapy, diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
attention deficit disorder (complication, drug therapy, therapy)
autism (complication, therapy)
behavior therapy
clinical examination
clinical feature
developmental disorder
diet supplementation
diet therapy
evidence based medicine
health education
human
learning disorder
medical literature
mental health care
nonhuman
physiotherapy
prenatal exposure
priority journal
psychosocial care
review
treatment planning
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
choline (123-41-1, 13232-47-8, 1927-06-6, 4858-96-2, 62-49-7, 67-48-1)
dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Obstetrics and Gynecology (10)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009547555
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2008.00504.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 638
TITLE
Perceptions about health processes among community members from small
riverine populations in the peruvian rainforest
AUTHOR NAMES
Bayer A.M.
Carhuas C.M.
Sanchez J.F.
Beltran M.
Razuri H.R.
Zavaleta C.
Halsey E.S.
Montgomery J.M.
Sanders J.W.
Lescano A.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bayer A.M.; Carhuas C.M.; Sanchez J.F.; Razuri H.R.; Montgomery J.M.;
Sanders J.W.; Lescano A.G.) United States Naval Medical Research Center
Detachment, Lima, Peru.
(Beltran M.) Peruvian Ministry of Health, Yurimaguas, Peru.
(Zavaleta C.) National Center of Intercultural Health, Peruvian Ministry of
Health, Lima, Peru.
(Halsey E.S.) U.S. Air Force Wright-Patterson Medical Center,
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.M. Bayer, United States Naval Medical Research Center Detachment, Lima,
Peru.
SOURCE
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2009) 81:5 SUPPL. 1
(127-128). Date of Publication: November 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
58th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene, ASTMH
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Washington, DE, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-11-18 to 2009-11-22
ISSN
0002-9637
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
ABSTRACT
Little is known about the processes that community members in the tropical
rainforest of Peru follow to address day-to-day health issues. Therefore,
the objective of this study was to describe the processes that the
inhabitants of Loreto, Peru utilize to address the health problems of young
children and adults. This study was conducted in four small-to medium-sized
communities along the Marañon and Huallaga rivers in the Peruvian Amazon.
Focus groups were held with 34 community members aged 18 years or older
recruited using purposive sampling. Participants documented the processes
that community members follow to address important health problems faced by
children under five years of age, adult males and adult females. Data were
analyzed by synthesizing and comparing the flow diagrams produced by
participants. For cases of pediatric diarrhea and pneumonia, the majority
(75%) of participants wait three to six days prior to taking their child to
a health facility. Home treatment provided during the wait consists of
primarily natural remedies (65%) and some self-prescribed medication (35%)
prior to formal medical treatment. Adult males typically wait one to two
days prior to seeking professional care for stomach pain and approximately
80% of males never seek skilled care for presumed malaria. Most adult women
(65%) with a urinary tract infection or vaginal discharge use natural
remedies for one to four days before going to a health establishment.
One-third of women wait one day before seeking professional care for vaginal
bleeding. Natural remedies for different populations and health problems
included drinks with herbs, fruit peels and bird beaks; baths with herbs,
flowers and barks; and cigarette smoke. It is important to note that natural
remedies often included medication acquired from a pharmacy. In conclusion,
residents of these Peruvian Amazon communities utilize multiple methods to
address health problems at home, based on their own diagnoses of their
health issues and perceptions of which treatments are most appropriate.
Further research needs to be performed to determine the best methods to
optimize the utilization of appropriate health care and prevention services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cigarette smoke
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
health
hygiene
population
rain forest
society
tropical medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
bark
beak
bird
child
diagnosis
diarrhea
drug therapy
female
flower
fruit
health care
health care facility
herb
home care
information processing
malaria
male
Peru
pharmacy
pneumonia
prevention
river
sampling
stomach pain
therapy
tropical rain forest
urinary tract infection
vagina bleeding
vagina discharge
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 639
TITLE
Documentation quality in community pharmacy: Completeness of electronic
patient records after patients' first visits
AUTHOR NAMES
Floor-Schreudering A.
De Smet P.A.G.M.
Buurma H.
Egberts A.C.G.
Bouvy M.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Floor-Schreudering A., a.floor@stevenshof.nl; Buurma H.; Bouvy M.L.) SIR
Institute for Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Theda Mansholtstraat 5B, 2331 JE
Leiden, Netherlands.
(De Smet P.A.G.M.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical
Centre St. Radboud, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
(De Smet P.A.G.M.) Scientific Institute of Dutch Pharmacists, The Hague,
Netherlands.
(Egberts A.C.G.) Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy,
Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht,
Netherlands.
(Egberts A.C.G.) Hospital Pharmacy of University Medical Centre Utrecht, .
(Bouvy M.L.) Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Utrecht
Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Floor-Schreudering, SIR Institute for Pharmacy Practice and Policy, Theda
Mansholtstraat 5B, 2331 JE Leiden, Netherlands. Email: a.floor@stevenshof.nl
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2009) 43:11 (1787-1794). Date of Publication:
November 2009
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: When patients visit a community pharmacy for the first time, the
creation of an electronic patient record (EPR) with relevant and up-to-date
data is a prerequisite for adequate medication surveillance and patient
counseling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of completeness of
documentation in the EPR after a patient's first visit to a Dutch community
pharmacy. METHODS: In each participating pharmacy, newly enlisted (<3 mo)
patients to whom at least one medication had been dispensed were enrolled in
this survey. For each patient who could be interviewed, pharmacy master
students used a structured questionnaire to gather relevant, mandatory
patient data (ie, basic characteristics, current drugs used, diseases,
intolerabilities, specific conditions) and nonmandatory patient data (eg,
diagnostic and monitoring data, personal experiences and habits, drug use
problems) from the patient's EPR and from a structured telephone interview
with the patient. Data retrieved from the patient's EPR were compared with
data provided by the patient during the telephone interview. RESULTS: Of 403
selected patients, 154 (38.2%) could be interviewed by telephone. Poor
documentation of telephone numbers in the EPR was the main reason for
nonresponse (134/249). Interviewers found that 67.7% of prescription drugs,
0% of over-the-counter drugs, 19.6% of diseases, 3.7% of intolerabilities,
and none of the specific conditions reported by patients had been documented
in the EPR. Nonmandatory data (personal experiences and habits, drug use
problems) reported during the patient interview had not been documented in
the EPR. CONCLUSIONS: The EPR after a patient's first visit to the community
pharmacy is often incomplete. For new patients, the pharmacist should more
proactively and systematically gather patient information, and all relevant
information should be recorded, preferably in coded form, in the pharmacy
information system to allow more adequate clinical risk management.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
electronic medical record
medical examination
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
aged
article
child
controlled study
diagnostic procedure
drug use
female
habit
health survey
human
infant
interview
major clinical study
male
medical documentation
Netherlands
patient information
patient monitoring
personal experience
preschool child
prescription
priority journal
qualitative analysis
questionnaire
risk assessment
school child
telephone
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009601162
MEDLINE PMID
19843832 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19843832)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1M242
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 640
TITLE
Perceptions of nurses in nursing homes on the usage of benzodiazepines
AUTHOR NAMES
Anthierens S.
Grypdonck M.
De Pauw L.
Christiaens T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Anthierens S., sibyl.anthierens@ugent.be) Department of General Practice
and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, UZ, 1K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000
Gent, Belgium.
(Grypdonck M.; De Pauw L.) Department of Nursing Science, Ghent University,
Gent, Belgium.
(Christiaens T.) Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care,
Heymans Institute for Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Ghent University,
Gent, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Anthierens, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Ghent
University, UZ, 1K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium. Email:
sibyl.anthierens@ugent.be
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Nursing (2009) 18:22 (3098-3106). Date of Publication:
November 2009
ISSN
0962-1067
1365-2702 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Aim. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative study on how nurses
perceive their own role in the use of benzodiazepines in nursing homes and
to identify the factors that have an impact on the nurses' role in the use
of benzodiazepines. Background. The use of benzodiazepines in nursing homes
is of particular concern, as nursing-home residents receive considerably
more benzodiazepines than non-institutionalised older persons. Evidence of
their long-term effectiveness is lacking. Nurses are important partners in
the decision-making process of starting and discontinuation of
benzodiazepines. Design. Qualitative descriptive. Method. Three focus group
interviews and 10 additional semi-structured interviews were used with 33
registered nurses. The interviews were thematically analysed. Findings.
Nurses' main concern is to work towards the comfort of the patient.
Benzodiazepines are an easy option with not too many side effects and
administration of benzodiazepines is experienced as a routine action. When
prescribed they will almost automatically lead to chronic usage as there is
no evaluation of their effect. There are three aspects that have an impact
on nurse's perceptions of their role in benzodiazepine usage: their own
individual attitude and perceptions, their knowledge and organisational
factors. Conclusion. Nurses do not see benzodiazepines as a problem drug and
once a prescription is initiated it will almost automatically lead to
chronic usage. Nurses should work towards a pro-active promotion of
addressing sleeping problems and they can play a key role in
non-pharmacological interventions. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses
can play a key role in suggesting non-pharmacological alternatives.
Education to provide more insight into the problems of insomnia and anxiety
may positively influence their attitudes and behaviour. All caregivers in
nursing homes should be informed about the relevance of this issue. © 2009
Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nurse
nursing home
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health personnel attitude
human
information processing
manpower
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
19538562 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19538562)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02758.x
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 641
TITLE
CNS safety pharmacology (including drug dependency)
AUTHOR NAMES
Waldron G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Waldron G.) Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich, Kent, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Waldron, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich, Kent, United
Kingdom.
SOURCE
Toxicology Letters (2009) 189 Suppl. 1 (S8). Date of Publication: 13 Sep
2009
CONFERENCE NAME
46th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology, EUROTOX 2009
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Dresden, Germany
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-09-13 to 2009-09-16
ISSN
0378-4274
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd
ABSTRACT
CNS safety pharmacology is a well established discipline guided by ICH S7A.
This universally accepted guidance describes a core battery of studies of
which contains a CNS assessment. Motor activity, behavioural changes,
coordination, sensory/motor reflex responses and body temperature should be
evaluated. A functional observation battery (FOB) or modified Irwin's
assessment in rodents are most often performed in the pre-clinical Safety
Assessments prior to First in Human administration a novel chemical entity.
Follow up assessments based upon findings or other causes for concern can
include behavioural pharmacology, learning and memory, ligand-specific
binding, neurochemistry, visual, auditory and/or electrophysiology
examinations, etc. Drug dependency or abuse liability, although not a novel
research area, is emerging as a key area of scientific and regulatory
interest. Pre-clinical models can be used at any stage of drug development
and can guide the clinical abuse liability trials.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
ligand
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central nervous system
drug dependence
health care organization
pharmacology
safety
toxicology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
behavior change
body temperature
drug development
electrophysiology
examination
follow up
human
learning
memory
model
motor activity
neurochemistry
reflex
risk assessment
rodent
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.168
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 642
TITLE
Preparing pharmacy students and pharmacists to provide tobacco cessation
counselling
AUTHOR NAMES
Williams D.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Williams D.M., dwilliams@unc.edu) Division of Pharmacotherapy and
Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of
Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.M. Williams, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina,
Beard Hall CB#7569, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States. Email:
dwilliams@unc.edu
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Review (2009) 28:5 (533-540). Date of Publication:
September 2009
ISSN
0959-5236
1465-3362 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Australia.
ABSTRACT
Issues:Tobacco use and abuse is a major health risk for people across the
world and is responsible for nearly 500 000 deaths in the USA annually.
Currently, the accepted role of pharmacists is the provision of
pharmaceutical care, which includes health promotion and prevention of
disease. Pharmacists should work collaboratively with other health-care
professionals to provide tobacco-cessation counselling to smokers. Approach:
Recently, in the USA, a curriculum has been developed by faculty at a school
of pharmacy and distributed to pharmacy schools across the nation in a
train-the-trainer format. This curriculum has been implemented in varying
degrees in schools across the USA. In addition, there are national efforts
to increase the involvement of practising pharmacists in promoting tobacco
cessation by offering comprehensive programs or by increasing awareness and
referrals. Key Findings: The acceptance of the Rx for Change programs by
schools of pharmacy has been high and the education and skills are being
taught to most current pharmacy graduates.There is an increased emphasis on
the role of pharmacists to assist in meeting national health goals including
reducing tobacco-related risks. Implications: Numerous opportunities exist
for pharmacists to provide tobacco cessation counselling. Barriers to
implementation of programs include lack of confidence by pharmacists and a
perceived lack of demand by patients. Conclusion: The consequences of
tobacco use are well known. Pharmacists should enhance their involvement in
health promotion and disease prevention and actively develop tobacco
cessation counselling programs using available resources for the benefit of
their patients. © 2009 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and
other Drugs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
counseling
pharmacist
pharmacy student
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (diagnosis, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
case report
education
female
human
human relation
methodology
patient education
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
19737211 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19737211)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00109.x
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 643
TITLE
Design and development of mucoadhesive acyclovir tablet
AUTHOR NAMES
Dias R.J.
Sakhare S.S.
Mali K.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dias R.J., rjdias75@rediffmail.com; Sakhare S.S.; Mali K.K.) Satara College
of Pharmacy, Satara, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. J. Dias, Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara, India. Email:
rjdias75@rediffmail.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2009) 8:4 (231-239). Date of
Publication: Autumn 2009
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran,
Iran.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to design and optimize an oral controlled
release acyclovir mucoadhesive tablet, in term of its drug release and
mucoadhesive strength A 3(2) full factorial design was employed to study the
effect of independent variables like Carbopol-934P and hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose K100M, which significantly influence characteristics like
swelling index, ex-vivo mucoadhesive strength and in-vitro drug release.
Tablets were prepared by direct compression and evaluated for mucoadhesive
strength and in-vitro dissolution parameters. In all the nine formulations
studied, the exponent (n) varied between 0.5266 and 0.7110, showing
non-fickian release behavior corresponding to coupled diffusion or polymer
relaxation, resulting in a controlled and complete drug release up to 12 h.
Both these polymers had a significant effect on the mucoadhesive strength of
the prepared tablets, measured as the force of detachment against sheep
gastric mucosa. Besides unraveling the effect of the two factors on the
various response variables, this study helped in finding the optimized
formulation with excellent mucoadhesive strength and controlled drug
release. It can be concluded that by formulating mucoadhesive tablets of
acyclovir, its complete release can be ensured prior to absorption window
and hence the problem of incomplete drug release and erratic absorption
could be solved by increasing the retention of drug in GIT for a longer
duration. Copyright © 2009 by School of Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti University
of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aciclovir (pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carbomer (pharmaceutics)
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (pharmaceutics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled release formulation
drug design
drug solubility
mucoadhesion
tablet
tablet compression
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(India)biochem laboratories
(India)flamingo
(India)Ind Swift
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aciclovir (59277-89-3)
carbomer (9007-20-9, 9062-04-8)
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (9004-65-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010097692
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 644
TITLE
Forging a novel provider and payer partnership in Wisconsin to compensate
pharmacists for quality-driven pharmacy and medication therapy management
services.
AUTHOR NAMES
Trapskin K.
Johnson C.
Cory P.
Sorum S.
Decker C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Trapskin K.; Johnson C.; Cory P.; Sorum S.; Decker C.) Pharmacy Society of
Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53717, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Trapskin, Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53717, USA. Email:
karit@pswi.org
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2009) 49:5
(642-651). Date of Publication: 2009 Sep-Oct
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the Wisconsin Pharmacy Quality Collaborative (WPQC),
a quality-based network of pharmacies and payers with the common goals of
improving medication use and safety, reducing health care costs for payers
and patients, and increasing professional recognition and compensation for
pharmacist-provided services. SETTING: Wisconsin between 2006 and 2009.
PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: Community (independent, chain, and health-system)
pharmacies and private and public health care payers/purchasers with support
from the McKesson Corporation. PRACTICE INNOVATION: This initiative aligns
incentives for pharmacies and payers through implementation of 12
quality-based pharmacy requirements as conditions of pharmacy participation
in a practice-advancement pilot. Payers compensate network pharmacies that
meet the quality-based requirements for two levels of pharmacy professional
services (level 1, intervention-based services; level 2, comprehensive
medication review and assessment services). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The pilot
project is designed to measure the following outcomes: medication-use
quality improvements, frequency and types of services provided, drug therapy
problems, patient safety, cost savings, identification of factors that
facilitate pharmacist participation, and patient satisfaction. RESULTS: The
Pharmacy Society of Wisconsin created the WPQC network, which consists of 53
pharmacies, 106 trained pharmacists, 45 student pharmacists, 6 pharmacy
technicians, and 2 initial payers. A quality assurance process is followed
approximately quarterly to audit the 12 network quality requirements. An
evaluation of this collaboration is being conducted. CONCLUSION: This
program demonstrates that collaboration among payers and pharmacists is
possible and can result in the development of an incentive-aligned program
that stresses quality patient care, standardized services, and professional
service compensation for pharmacists. This combination of a quality-based
credentialing process with a professional services reimbursement schedule is
unique and has the promise to enhance the ambulatory pharmacy practice
model.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cooperation
health care quality
medication therapy management
pharmacy
reimbursement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
economics
evaluation study
health care planning
human
methodology
pilot study
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19748873 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19748873)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 645
TITLE
Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ketamine:
Reevaluation of an old drug
AUTHOR NAMES
Aroni F.
Iacovidou N.
Dontas I.
Pourzitaki C.
Xanthos T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Aroni F., a.filippia@mycosmos.gr; Dontas I.; Xanthos T.) Laboratory of
Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, University of
Athens, Tideos 2, 11635 Athens, Greece.
(Iacovidou N.) 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School,
University of Athens, Greece.
(Pourzitaki C.) Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Aroni, Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical
School, University of Athens, Tideos 2, 11635 Athens, Greece. Email:
a.filippia@mycosmos.gr
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2009) 49:8 (957-964). Date of Publication:
August 2009
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Ketamine, the phencyclidine derivative described in 1965, is an intravenous
anesthetic with a variety of applications. The enthusiasm following its
initial release subsided due to side effects from the central nervous
system. New anesthetics limited the role of ketamine in anesthetic practice.
However, its hemodynamically stable profile, along with its beneficial
respiratory properties and analgesic potency, rendered the drug invaluable
in battlefield medicine, sedation of the uncooperative child, analgesia, and
sedation in burn units. Reevaluation, though, of analgesic properties of
ketamine resulted in new interest regarding its use in perioperative and
chronic pain management. Moreover, recent studies in the effects of the
substance on intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow led to revising
the recommendation against its use in brain injury. Furthermore, the
bronchodilating effects of the substance led to increasing interest for
potential use in asthma treatment. In addition, separation of the 2
enantiomers and subsequent separate studies indicated beneficial results of
the S(+) one. Thus, new controlled multicentered clinical trials are to be
conducted to justify approval for new uses of ketamine and take advantage of
its unique range of applications. © 2009 the American College of Clinical
Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ketamine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
therapy, epidural drug administration, intramuscular drug administration,
intranasal drug administration, intraperitoneal drug administration,
intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology, rectal drug administration, subcutaneous drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
morphine (drug therapy)
thiopental (drug combination, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
asthma (drug therapy)
bronchospasm (drug therapy)
burn patient
cardiovascular system
child
clinical trial
continuous infusion
drug abuse
drug bioavailability
drug elimination
drug half life
drug inhibition
general anesthesia
human
nausea and vomiting (complication, drug therapy)
nonhuman
pharmacodynamics
postanesthesia care
postoperative analgesia
postoperative pain (complication, drug therapy)
review
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
thiopental (71-73-8, 76-75-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Anesthesiology (24)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009501712
MEDLINE PMID
19546251 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19546251)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270009337941
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 646
TITLE
Spanish Consensus on Pharmaceutical care. Pharmaceutical Care forum
AUTHOR NAMES
Gastelurrutia M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gastelurrutia M.A.) Forum on Pharmaceutical Care Consensus Committee, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.A. Gastelurrutia, Forum on Pharmaceutical Care Consensus Committee, .
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (2009) 31:4 (500). Date of Publication: August
2009
CONFERENCE NAME
PCNE 7th Working Conference
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers
ABSTRACT
Relevance of the work As in Spain there have been different approaches and
terminologies about Pharmaceutical Care (PC), making it difficult for PC to
be implemented, the agreement on a Consensus defining the meaning of the
common words and services, and their procedures, related to PC Practice can
be considered as a great step towards the implementation of PC services. Aim
To reach a consensus on PC definitions and services. Also, to describe the
education needs for pharmacists and dissemination approaches for PC to be
implemented and to develop some recommendations for software companies to
help pharmacists to implement PC services in their pharmacies. Methods A
Consensus committee including representatives from all the organizations
related to PC was set up: (General Board of Pharmacy and Health Care
Products of the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs, General Council of
Professional Associations, National Royal Academy of Pharmacy, Spanish
Society of Primary Care Pharmacists, Spanish Society of Community Pharmacy,
Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Care Foundation, Spain,
Pharmaceutical Care Research Group of the University of Granada). Results A
Consensus document was produced and issued to all participant organizations
to be disseminated to all Spanish pharmacists. Dispensing, OTC prescription
and Medicine Management (including follow-up) were defined and presented as
being the most important PC services. Also the Committee reached a consensus
on definitions of Drug Related Problems (being possible causes for non
expected outcomes, such as interactions, non adherence, duplicities, etc.)
and Negative Outcomes related to the use of Medicines (being these
categorised in three domains: indication, effectiveness and safety). Also as
a result of a functional analysis that was carried out by the Committee some
recommendation on procedures were agreed and proposed to Spanish software
companies for its implementation in Spanish software programs for
pharmacies. Conclusion With such an agreement and all the pharmaceutical
organizations working together trying to reach the same objectives it seems
easier to get PC services implemented in Spain in the medium term.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
consensus
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community
computer program
consumer
education
follow up
health
health care
hospital pharmacy
non profit organization
organization
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
primary medical care
safety
society
Spain
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-009-9298-8
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 647
TITLE
Trussed in Evidence? Ambiguities at the interface between clinical evidence
and clinical practice
AUTHOR NAMES
Healy D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Healy D., healy_hergest@compuserve.com) Cardiff University, Department of
Psychological Medicine, Hergest Unit, Bangor, Wales LL57 2PW, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Healy, Cardiff University, Department of Psychological Medicine, Hergest
Unit, Bangor, Wales LL57 2PW, United Kingdom. Email:
healy_hergest@compuserve.com
SOURCE
Transcultural Psychiatry (2009) 46:1 (16-37). Date of Publication: 2009
ISSN
1363-4615
1461-7471 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Ltd, 55 City Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
This article considers the dominance that randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) of psychotropic agents currently have in relation to the practice of
psychiatry in mental health and primary care settings. In contemporary
psychiatry, data of marginal significance based on rating scale measures are
privileged as evidence that treatments are effective, while judgments of
drug effects based on clinical practice are downgraded. The dominance of
RCTs has also led to an increasing promotion of rating scales in clinical
practice, described here as 'rating scale mongering.' The logical
consequence of current interpretations of RCT data is that clinicians should
adhere to guidelines which are based on a systematic assembly of such data,
but the selective publication of trial data and ghostwriting of
publications, lays the basis for guideline capture, and a corresponding
capture of evidence-based clinical practice by pharmaceutical companies. ©
2009 McGill University.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy)
antidepressant agent (clinical trial, drug therapy)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy)
chlorpromazine (drug therapy)
clozapine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
imipramine (drug therapy)
lithium (drug therapy)
methylphenidate (drug therapy)
mood stabilizer (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy)
nicotine (drug therapy)
olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
placebo
psychotropic agent (clinical trial, drug therapy)
reserpine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (clinical trial, drug therapy)
valproic acid (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
mental health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
akathisia (side effect)
attention deficit disorder (drug therapy)
bipolar disorder (drug therapy)
clinical practice
clinical trial
conference paper
controlled clinical trial
data analysis
depression (drug therapy, side effect)
drug efficacy
drug industry
drug substitution
drug withdrawal
evidence based medicine
evidence based practice
food and drug administration
human
hypertension (drug therapy)
information processing
mania (drug therapy)
medical decision making
mood disorder (drug therapy)
outcome assessment
patent
physician attitude
placebo effect
practice guideline
primary medical care
psychiatry
psychosis (drug therapy)
randomized controlled trial
rating scale
schizophrenia (drug therapy)
suicidal behavior (side effect)
treatment outcome
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Abbott
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
clozapine (5786-21-0)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
lithium (7439-93-2)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
nicotine (54-11-5)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009146647
MEDLINE PMID
19293278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19293278)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461509102285
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 648
TITLE
Pharmacists' and pharmacy students' ability to identify drug-related
problems using TIMER (Tool to Improve Medications in the Elderly via Review)
AUTHOR NAMES
Lee S.S.
Schwemm A.K.
Reist J.
Cantrell M.
Andreski M.
Doucette W.R.
Chrischilles E.A.
Farris K.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lee S.S.) Kansas University Medical Center, .
(Schwemm A.K.) University of Michigan Health System, .
(Reist J.; Cantrell M.; Andreski M.; Doucette W.R.; Farris K.B.,
karen-farris@uiowa.edu) University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, .
(Reist J.) University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, .
(Cantrell M.) Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States.
(Chrischilles E.A.) University of Iowa College of Public Health, .
(Farris K.B., karen-farris@uiowa.edu) University of Iowa, S525 Pharmacy, 115
South Grand, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. B. Farris, University of Iowa, S525 Pharmacy, 115 South Grand, Iowa City,
IA 52242, United States. Email: karen-farris@uiowa.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2009) 73:3 Article Number: 52.
Date of Publication: 2009
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. Determine the effectiveness of TIMER (Tool to Improve Medications
in the Elderly via Review) in helping pharmacists and pharmacy students
identify drug-related problems during patient medication reviews. Methods.
In a randomized, controlled study design, geriatric patient cases were sent
to 136 pharmacists and 108 third-year pharmacy students who were asked to
identify drug related-problems (DRPs) with and without using TIMER. Results.
Pharmacists identified more tool-related DRPs using TIMER (p = 0.027).
Pharmacy students identified more tool-related DRPs using TIMER in the first
case (p = 0.02), but not in the second. Conclusion. TIMER increased the
number of DRPs identified by practicing pharmacists and pharmacy students
during medication reviews of hypothetical patient cases.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medication therapy management
technical aid
tool to improve medications in the elderly via review
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
geriatric patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
problem identification
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009286651
MEDLINE PMID
19564995 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19564995)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 649
TITLE
Nonmedical use of prescription opioids and stimulants among student
pharmacists.
AUTHOR NAMES
Lord S.
Downs G.
Furtaw P.
Chaudhuri A.
Silverstein A.
Gammaitoni A.
Budman S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lord S.; Downs G.; Furtaw P.; Chaudhuri A.; Silverstein A.; Gammaitoni A.;
Budman S.) National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, New York, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Lord, National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, New York, USA.
Email: lord@ndri.org
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2009) 49:4
(519-528). Date of Publication: 2009 Jul-Aug
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence and patterns of nonmedical use of
prescription opioid analgesics and stimulants among student pharmacists.
DESIGN: Descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study. SETTING:
Private urban college of pharmacy in the United States in fall 2006.
PARTICIPANTS: 1,538 PharmD students.Intervention: Online survey. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURES: Lifetime and past-year nonmedical prescription opioid and
stimulant use. RESULTS: Response rate for the survey was 62%. Lifetime
prevalence of opioid misuse was 8%, and 5% of students had misused in the
past year. Lifetime prevalence of stimulant misuse was 7%, and 5% had
misused in the past year. Whites and fraternity or sorority members were
more likely than their peers to have ever misused opioids. Past-year opioid
misuse was more likely among whites, men, and low academic achievers
compared with their peers. Lifetime stimulant misuse was more likely among
students who were white, older, and fraternity or sorority members, while
past-year misuse was more likely among whites and low academic achievers.
Common motives for opioid misuse were to have fun, to relax, and to deal
with chronic pain. Stimulants were used to improve concentration and
academic performance. Friends were the most common source of prescription
opioids and stimulants. Nonmedical prescription use was associated with
greater likelihood of alcohol and other illicit substance use. CONCLUSION:
The prevalence of prescription medication misuse among student pharmacists
was lower than (opioids) or comparable with (stimulants) reported rates in
college populations. Subgroups of students demonstrated higher rates of
nonmedical use, including whites, students involved with fraternities or
sororities, and low academic achievers. That friends were the primary source
of misused medications indicates that diversion of prescription-only
controlled substances likely occurs among student pharmacists. Nonmedical
prescription medication use should be considered in the context of other
substance use.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
central stimulant agent
narcotic analgesic agent
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology)
opiate addiction (epidemiology)
pharmacy student
school
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
attention
Caucasian
cross-sectional study
drinking behavior (epidemiology)
drug effect
educational status
ethnology
female
health survey
human
male
pain (drug therapy)
peer group
prevalence
questionnaire
recreation
risk factor
sex difference
smoking (epidemiology)
statistics
United States (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19589764 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589764)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2009.08027
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 650
TITLE
Overcoming barriers to osteoporosis care in vulnerable elderly patients with
hip fractures
AUTHOR NAMES
Switzer J.A.
Jaglal S.
Bogoch E.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Switzer J.A., julie.a.switzer@healthpartners.com) Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
(Switzer J.A., julie.a.switzer@healthpartners.com) Regions Hospital,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mail Stop #11503L, 640 Jackson Street,
St. Paul, MN 55101, United States.
(Jaglal S.) Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto,
ON, Canada.
(Bogoch E.R.) Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, St. Michael's
Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Bogoch E.R.) Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Mobility Program, St.
Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Bogoch E.R.) University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. A. Switzer, Regions Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mail
Stop #11503L, 640 Jackson Street, St. Paul, MN 55101, United States. Email:
julie.a.switzer@healthpartners.com
SOURCE
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (2009) 23:6 (454-459). Date of Publication:
July 2009
ISSN
0890-5339
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Indications for and benefits of providing osteoporosis (OP) care for hip
fracture patients have become widely understood. The hip fracture patient is
frequently over age 80 years, minimally ambulatory, has multiple medical
comorbidities, and has cognitive impairment. Patient barriers to initiation
of effective OP treatment include: age, dementia, medical comorbidities,
polypharmacy, lack of adherence with treatment, alcohol abuse, postoperative
delirium, language barriers, inadequate social support, and socioeconomic
status. In a large teaching hospital, 244 patients presented with hip
fracture over 2 years: 72% were female and 64% were over age 80. Forty
percent had been diagnosed with dementia; another 29% had other severe
medical comorbidities.Opportunities for OP diagnosis and treatment are
numerous. In acute care hospitals, coordinator facilitated programs are
effective for identification, education, assessment, referral, and treatment
of underlying OP in fracture patients. System modifications may include an
automated care path or automatic specialist referral for hip fracture
patients. In the rehabilitation hospital, the patients are in a more stable
condition, there is a focus on the recent fracture, and there are
opportunities to initiate OP treatment and to promote adherence. In
long-term care, dietary intake including calcium and vitamin D
supplementation and persistence with pharmacotherapy can be monitored.
Patient education and referral to the family physician for osteoporosis
investigation and treatment have improved patient knowledge and diagnosis,
but the reported impact on treatment has been limited.Effective OP care for
the vulnerable hip fracture patient should be initiated early but may be
complex and require coordination. In addition to calcium and vitamin D
supplementation, most patients in this category have an indication for
aminobisphosphonate therapy. Liaison between the orthopaedic team and the
discharge destination caregivers, an established discharge diagnosis of
osteoporosis, and ensuring patients are discharged on supplements and
medication will promote patient, caregiver, and primary care physician
awareness of the patient's OP care needs. Education programs may provide
benefits at later stages, to improve adherence with treatment. © 2009
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bisphosphonic acid derivative (drug combination, drug therapy)
calcium (drug combination, drug therapy)
risedronic acid (drug combination, drug therapy)
vitamin D (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
geriatric patient
hip fracture (complication, disease management, prevention, rehabilitation,
surgery)
osteoporosis (drug therapy, diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy)
postmenopause osteoporosis (drug therapy, diagnosis, disease management,
drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
aging
alcoholism
Alzheimer disease (diagnosis)
bone density
bone mineral
caregiver
cognitive defect
comorbidity
conference paper
delirium
dementia (diagnosis)
diet supplementation
female
general practitioner
geriatric care
health care access
health care cost
human
major clinical study
male
nursing home patient
patient care
patient compliance
patient education
patient referral
polypharmacy
primary medical care
priority journal
sex difference
social support
socioeconomics
substance abuse
vitamin D deficiency (drug therapy, prevention)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium (14092-94-5, 7440-70-2)
risedronic acid (105462-24-6, 122458-82-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Orthopedic Surgery (33)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009372676
MEDLINE PMID
19550234 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19550234)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BOT.0b013e31815e92d2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 651
TITLE
Use and overuse of antimigraine drugs by pharmacy personnel in France: COTA
survey: Research submission
AUTHOR NAMES
Donnet A.
Lantéri-Minet M.
Aucoin F.
Allaf B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Donnet A.) Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Federation, La
Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.
(Lantéri-Minet M.) Department of Evaluation and Treatment of Pain, Pasteur
University Hospital, Nice, France.
(Lantéri-Minet M.) INSERM 929, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
(Aucoin F.) Pharmacist, Paris, France.
(Allaf B.) Almirall SAS, Paris, France.
(Donnet A.) Service de Neurologie, Hôpital la Timone, 264 boulevard
Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Donnet, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital la Timone, 264 boulevard
Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex, France.
SOURCE
Headache (2009) 49:7 (1014-1021). Date of Publication: July-August 2009
ISSN
0017-8748
1526-4610 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background. - Pharmacy personnel are supposed to be well informed of
recommendations for proper migraine management, but their easy access to
medicines may favor self-medication and promote medication overuse for those
with frequent migraine attacks. Objective. - The main objective of the COTA
survey was to investigate migraine management by pharmacy personnel who
considered themselves as migraineurs. Methods. - Out of 22,000 pharmacies
currently open in France, a questionnaire was proposed to a random sample of
∼4000 pharmacies with at least 1 self-considered migraineur in the pharmacy
staff who accepted to complete and return the questionnaire. The reality of
migraine was assessed by the study questionnaire according to the
International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition (ICHD-II)
criteria. In addition, the study questionnaire inquired about subjects'
demographics, headache characteristics, consumption of medications for
headaches, subjects' satisfaction with the usual treatment of headaches and
treatment effectiveness. Medication overuse was defined in terms of
treatment days per month during the previous 3 months according to the
ICHD-II criteria for medication overuse headache. Results. - Some 74% of the
3326 participating pharmacies with a self-considered migraine subject among
their staff actually returned the survey questionnaire. Using the ICHD-II
criteria, migraine was confirmed in 85% of participating subjects, of whom
38% were under medical supervision and had asked for a prescription, and 27%
used recommended medications. The treatment used was truly effective for
only 31% of migraineurs. Medication overuse was observed in 21% of all
participating subjects, mostly migraineurs. Most migraineurs with medication
overuse (81%) used nonrecommended treatments. Conclusions. - Considering
their pivotal role in advising migraine patients who seek their help with
self-management, migraine education of pharmacy personnel about proper
migraine management should be reinforced. © 2009 American Headache Society.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antimigraine agent (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug combination, drug therapy)
ergotamine (drug therapy)
ibuprofen (drug therapy)
metoclopramide (drug combination, drug therapy)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy)
opiate derivative (drug therapy)
paracetamol (drug therapy)
triptan derivative (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
migraine (drug therapy, drug therapy, prevention)
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
demography
disease classification
disease severity
drug efficacy
drug misuse (epidemiology)
female
France
health personnel attitude
human
major clinical study
male
observational study
patient satisfaction
prescription
priority journal
recurrent disease (etiology)
self care
symptomatology
DRUG TRADE NAMES
aspirin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
ergotamine (113-15-5, 52949-35-6)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
metoclopramide (12707-59-4, 2576-84-3, 364-62-5, 7232-21-5)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009383572
MEDLINE PMID
19486362 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19486362)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01395.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 652
TITLE
College student receptiveness to various alcohol treatment options
AUTHOR NAMES
Epler A.J.
Sher K.J.
Loomis T.B.
O'Malley S.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Epler A.J., aje4x9@mizzou.edu; Sher K.J.; Loomis T.B.) Department of
Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Midwest Alcoholism Research
Center, Columbia, MO.
(O'Malley S.S.) Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, CT.
(Epler A.J., aje4x9@mizzou.edu) University of Missouri-Columbia, Department
of Psychological Sciences, Psychology Building, 200 S 7th Street, Columbia,
MO 65211, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. J. Epler, University of Missouri-Columbia, Department of Psychological
Sciences, Psychology Building, 200 S 7th Street, Columbia, MO 65211, United
States. Email: aje4x9@mizzou.edu
SOURCE
Journal of American College Health (2009) 58:1 (26-32). Date of Publication:
1 Jul 2009
ISSN
0744-8481
BOOK PUBLISHER
Routledge, 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Heavy episodic drinking remains a significant problem on college
campuses. Although most interventions for college students are behavioral,
pharmacological treatments, such as naltrexone, could provide additional
options. Participants: The authors evaluated receptivity to various alcohol
treatment options in a general population of college student drinkers (N =
2,084), assessed in 2005. Methods: The authors asked participants to
indicate which of 8 treatment options (ie, self-help book, self-help
computer program, self-help group, group therapy, individual therapy,
monthly injection, targeted oral medication, or daily oral medication) they
would be willing to consider if they were going to cut down on or stop
drinking. Results: Over 50% of drinkers expressed receptiveness to self-help
options or psychotherapy options, and over 25% of drinkers expressed
receptiveness to medication options. Conclusions: Increasing treatment
options for students interested in reducing or stopping drinking by offering
pharmacological interventions such as naltrexone could provide an important
unmet need among college students. Copyright © 2009 Heldref Publications.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
naltrexone (drug therapy)
narcotic antagonist (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy, prevention)
drinking behavior (epidemiology)
drug dependence treatment
patient attitude
student
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
female
human
male
multivariate analysis
psychometry
risk
statistical model
statistics
United States (epidemiology)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
19592350 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19592350)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/JACH.58.1.26-32
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 653
TITLE
An advanced pharmacy practice experience in inpatient medication education
AUTHOR NAMES
Donihi A.C.
Weber R.J.
Sirio C.A.
Mark S.M.
Meyer S.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Donihi A.C., calabresea@upmc.edu; Weber R.J.; Mark S.M.; Meyer S.M.)
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, .
(Donihi A.C., calabresea@upmc.edu; Weber R.J.; Mark S.M.) University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center, .
(Sirio C.A.) University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, .
(Donihi A.C., calabresea@upmc.edu) University of Pittsburgh, Department of
Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. C. Donihi, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Pharmacy and
Therapeutics, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,
United States. Email: calabresea@upmc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2009) 73:1 Article Number: 11.
Date of Publication: 2009
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To describe a unique advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE)
in which pharmacy students provided medication education to hospitalized
patients. Design. Students were trained to independently assess patients'
needs for education and identify drugrelated problems. Students then
provided medication education and performed medication therapy management
under the supervision of clinical staff pharmacists. To assess the impact of
the APPE, the number of hospitalized patients assessed and educated during
the 3-month time period prior to student involvement was compared to the
first 3 months of the APPE. Assessment. Student participation increased the
number of patients receiving medication education and medication therapy
management from the hospital pharmacy. At the end of the APPE, students
reported that the experience positively affected their ability to impact
patients' care and to critique their own learning and skills. Conclusion.
The inpatient medication education APPE provided students the opportunity to
be responsible and accountable for the provision of direct patient care. In
addition, the APPE benefitted the hospital, the school of pharmacy, and,
most importantly, the patients.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
medical practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
hospital patient
hospital pharmacy
human
learning
medical staff
patient care
patient education
skill
student
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009234774
MEDLINE PMID
19513148 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19513148)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 654
TITLE
The postgraduate education of pharmacists in Poland
AUTHOR NAMES
Komosinska-Vassev K.
Olczyk P.
Olczyk K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Komosinska-Vassev K.; Olczyk P., olczyk@sum.edu.pl; Olczyk K.) The Faculty
of Pharmacy, Medical University of Silesia, Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec,
Poland.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2010) 10:1 (17-18). Date of Publication: Mar 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
EAFP Annual Conference, 2009
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Oslo, Norway
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-06-18 to 2009-06-20
ISSN
1560-2214
1477-2701 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
FIP
ABSTRACT
Introduction The professional activity of pharmacists is based on the
constantly developing pharmaceutical sciences. The aim of pharmacists is not
just to dispense medications but identify patient problems, implement and
assess the pharmacotherapy effectiveness and safety, educate patients and
collaborate with other healthcare providers in order to optimize therapeutic
outcomes and avoid or correct drug-related problems. Profound changes
concerning the role of pharmacists in the healthcare system causes a need
for continuing education and acquisition of additional skills of pharmacists
throughout their whole professional career. Description of programme
Postgraduate education of pharmacists in Poland consists of various forms of
training, including optional pharmacy specialisation courses, continuing
trainings and doctoral programmes. The Faculty of Pharmacy at Medical
University of Silesia organises courses for pharmacy practitioners, which
are part of their specializing process in the field of community pharmacy as
well as their postgraduate continuing education. Every year 165 pharmacists
begin specialisation in community pharmacy. The three-year programme
includes both theoretical courses and practical workshops divided into seven
modules. The first, advances in pharmaceutical sciences, takes 75 hours. A
second module discussing problems of the modern formulation encompasses 30
hours of training. Another 15 hours refers to the applied pharmacokinetics.
Subsequent training in biopharmaceutical evaluation of technology, drug
dosage form, pharmaceutical care, and legal and ethical aspects of
pharmaceutical services takes 55, 20 and 15 hours, respectively. The last
five hours of training are dedicated for the summarizing module. During
specialisation pharmacist must submit a publication to be assessed by the
specialisation supervisor. State exam ending the specialisation consists of
two parts, a practical test and theory exam. Graduates of the community
pharmacy specialisation gain specific qualifications and practical skills to
function as an independent adviser, providing patient‟s safe and responsible
pharmacotherapy. The professional community pharmacy specialist may also be
responsible for the provision, supervising and development training
programmes carried out in pharmacies for the pharmacy staff and pharmacy
students. With the exception of the postgraduate specialisation programme,
the Faculty of Pharmacy at Medical University of Silesia can organize
continuing learning courses. Continuous compulsory postgraduate education
was incorporated in 2003 as a new element of postgraduate training of
pharmacists in Poland. Through continued clinical and additional learning
opportunities, pharmacists improve their knowledge base and skills necessary
for advance professional qualifications in accordance with the progress of
pharmacy science and related fields. Since a pharmacist must be able to
define patients‟ medical problems and assess current pharmacotherapy, a
strong position of clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care appears in
permanent courses provided by our Faculty. The participants taking part in
the permanent learning courses receive educational points required according
of law regulations of their profession. Finally, the Faculty of Pharmacy has
been offering both intramural and extramural doctoral studies within the
framework of postgraduate studies in the field of pharmaceutical sciences.
The doctoral programme lasting four years is open only to holders of
Master‟s degree. Evaluation Assessment of continued professional education
is carried out in the five-year educational period, during which the
pharmacist should collect at least 100 educational points. Furthermore, the
National Accreditation Commission evaluated postgraduate specialisation
programmes and our Faculty received an accreditation certificate authorizing
specialisation in the field of community pharmacy. Future plans Future plans
include implementation of the new programmes of specialisation in Clinical
Pharmacy, Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analysis and Public Health into
postgraduate educational practice.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
human
pharmacist
Poland
postgraduate education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accreditation
clinical pharmacy
continuing education
drug analysis
drug dosage form
drug therapy
ethics
graduate
health care personnel
health care system
hospital pharmacy
knowledge base
learning
medical specialist
occupation
patient
pharmaceutical care
pharmaceutics
pharmacokinetics
pharmacy
pharmacy student
physician
postgraduate student
public health
safety
skill
technology
university
vocational education
workshop
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 655
TITLE
Modification of serum lipid profile in chronic pancreatitis patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Serban C.
Susan L.
Pacurari A.
Banciu C.
Gotia S.
Savoiu G.
Romosan I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Serban C.; Savoiu G.) Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine
and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania.
(Susan L.; Pacurari A.; Banciu C.; Romosan I.) IVth Medical Clinic,
University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
(Gotia S.) Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy
“Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Serban, Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy
“Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania.
SOURCE
Pancreatology (2009) 9:4 (513). Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
41st European Pancreatic Club (EPC) Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Szeged, Hungary
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-07-01 to 2009-07-04
CONFERENCE EDITORS
Hegyi P.
Takacs T.
Venglovecz V.
Takacs T.
Rakonczay Z.
Takacs T.
Venglovecz V.
Takacs T.
ISSN
1424-3903
BOOK PUBLISHER
S. Karger AG
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lipid metabolism disorders may be an independent risk factor
especially for chronic pancreatitis without alcoholic etiology. Objectives:
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and associated
lipid disorders in chronic pancreatitis patients. Patients and Methods: We
selected a group of 52 patients with chronic pancreatitis, hospitalized
between January 2006 and January 2009 in the IVth Medical Clinic of
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara. All the patients
were investigated clinically, paraclinically (total cholesterol,
triglycerides, LDLcholesterol and HDL-cholesterol) and imagistically
(abdominal ultrasonography, abdominal and chest x-ray). Results: For the
patients with chronic pancreatitis with alcoholic etiology, 42% presented
hypertriglyceridemia with values between 150-300 mg%, 11%
hypertriglyceridemia with values over 300 mg%. 5.2% patients showed
hypertriglyceridemia (150-300 mg%) associated with hypercholesterolemia
(200-250 mg%) and low HDL-cholesterol (<35 mg%). The patients with chronic
pancreatitis with non-alcoholic etiology presented lipid disorders like
hypertriglyceridemia with values between 150-300 mg% (2 patients),
hypertriglyceridemia with values over 300 mg% associated with
hypercholesterolemia (> 250 mg%) in 2 patients and hypercholesterolemia> 250
mg% associated with low HDL-cholesterol in another 2 patients. Conclusion:
Lipid disorders are common in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Isolated
hypertriglyceridemia or associated with hypercholesterolemia are frequent.
An important etiological factor in these patients is alcohol abuse. For the
patients with chronic pancreatitis without alcoholic etiology, dislipidemia
and especially hypertriglyceridemia may be an etiological factor.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
high density lipoprotein
high density lipoprotein cholesterol
lipid
triacylglycerol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pancreatitis
lipid blood level
patient
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol abuse
alcoholism
cholesterol blood level
disorders of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism
echography
etiology
hospital
hypercholesterolemia
hypertriglyceridemia
pharmacy
risk factor
thorax radiography
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000218095
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 656
TITLE
Continuing Professional Development Program’s (CPD’s) in pharmacy: Since
1986 in Turkey
AUTHOR NAMES
Coskun M.
Kırımer N.
Akcay F.
Pabuccuoglu M. V.
Demirhan İ.
Baykal T.
Basaran A.
Aktay G.
Sarıyar G.
Rollas S.
Saygı S.
Erol D. D.
Demirdamar R.
Baser H. C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Coskun M.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
(Kırımer N.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Eskisehir, Turkey.
(Akcay F.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzurum, Turkey.
(Pabuccuoglu M. V.) Faculty of Pharmacy, İzmir, Turkey.
(Demirhan İ.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Kayseri, Turkey.
(Baykal T.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
(Basaran A.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
(Aktay G.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Malatya, Turkey.
(Sarıyar G.) Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul, Turkey.
(Rollas S.) Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul, Turkey.
(Saygı S.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin, Turkey.
(Erol D. D.) Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul, Turkey.
(Demirdamar R.) Faculty of Pharmacy Mersin 10 – TRNC, Turkish Pharmacists
Association (TEB) Cinnah Caddesi, Willy Brandt Sok. No:9 06690, Cankaya,
ANKARA, Turkey.
(Baser H. C.)
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2010) 10:1 (20-21). Date of Publication: Mar 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
EAFP Annual Conference, 2009
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Oslo, Norway
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-06-18 to 2009-06-20
ISSN
1560-2214
1477-2701 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
FIP
ABSTRACT
With the development of the pharmaceutical industry in Turkey, the role of
the pharmacist in the pharmacy practice also changed; parallel to this
change, the existing curiculum of pharmacy education did not fully meet the
needs of the paharmacy practice. Thus, postgraduate programmes emerged as a
need. Continuing Professional Development Programs (called Inter
Professional Education Programs-MİEP’s) have been conducted in cooperation
with the Schools of Pharmacy and the Chamber of Pharmacists. The first
professional development programme in Turkey was organised at Ankara
University Faculty of Pharmacy in 1986. This first programme included
applied first aid, social pharmacy and computer use in pharmacy practice; a
total of 26 subjects to which 139 pharmacists attended. During the following
years each chamber of pharmacy (at that time there were 49 chambers of
pharmacy) organised its own MİEP. In 1996, at the General Assembly of the
Turkish Pharmacists Association, 18 topics were chosen for MİEP’s.
Antibiotics, Pain and Analgesics, Hypertension and its treatment, Diabetes,
Asthma, Peptic Ulcer, Contraception, Drugs used to treat children, Substance
abuse and dependence, Respiratoty infections in children, Phytotherapy, and
Pharmacy Administration are some of these topics. Lecturers of Faculties of
Pharmacies planned and delivered these courses. Between 1996 and 2003 a
total of 162 MİEP’s were organised. Turkish Pharmacists Association (TEB)
established ‘TEB Academy’ in 2002, aiming to provide Continuing Professional
Development through the programmes organised for the Pharmacists. These
programmes are structured and conducted by the faculty of 13 Schools of
Pharmacies. Safe use of medicines during pregnancy and lactation, Good
Pharmacy Practice/Clinical pharmacy, Infectious diseases, Hypertension,
Obesity, Pain, Endocrine diseases, Dermacosmetics, Pharmacy administration,
Radiopharmacy, Asthma and allergic diseases, Diabetes, Role of the
Pharmacist in safe drug use in the elderly, Avian Flu, Rational Antibiotic
Use, Pharmacy Technician programmmes are some of the programmes organised.
We have planned this study to evaluate the results of these MİEP’s and CPD
programmes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
antibiotic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
professional development
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
allergic disease
asthma
avian influenza
child
computer
contraception
diabetes mellitus
drug industry
drug use
education
education program
endocrine disease
first aid
human
hypertension
infection
lactation
management
obesity
pain
peptic ulcer
pharmacist
pharmacy technician
phytotherapy
postgraduate student
pregnancy
school
substance abuse
university
vocational education
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 657
TITLE
Lipopolysaccharide directly inhibits human peptide transporter1 (hPepT1)
function
AUTHOR NAMES
Chang F.H.
Xu L.
Alkana R.L.
Davies D.L.
Asatryan L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chang F.H.; Xu L.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.; Asatryan L.) School of
Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States.
(Chang F.H.; Xu L.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.; Asatryan L.) 1985 Zonal Ave.,
PSC 400, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F.H. Chang, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (25A).
Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
Chronic alcohol consumption frequently leads to disturbances in the
absorption of nutrients and induces bacterial overgrowth in the small
intestine. The human peptide transporter 1 (hPepT1), in the small intestine,
mediates the transport of di-and tri-peptides as well as several orally
administered peptidomimetic drugs. We recently demonstrated that ethanol can
directly inhibit the function of hPepT1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
However, ethanol may also affect di-peptide uptake indirectly via the
bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To test this hypothesis, the
current study utilized two cell models, the Caco-2 cell line that
endogenously expresses the transporter activity, and hPepT1-transfected
HEK293 cells. We measured the cellular uptake of labeled glycylsarcosine
([3H]GlySar - a nonhydrolysable PepT1 substrate) in the cells pretreated
with LPS (0.1 μg/ml-2 μg/ml). We found that LPS inhibited hPepT1 function in
a concentration dependent manner after 30min incubation in both cell lines.
LPS (4 μg/ml) treated cells had a 60% reduction in GlySar uptake compared to
non-treated cells with comparable IC(50) values for day 4 Caco-2 and HEK293
cells (IC(50) of 2.5 μg/ml for Caco-2 and 2.1 μg/ml for HEK293 cells). We
found that the degree of inhibition by LPS was reduced to 46 ± 2.6% from the
control uptake level on day 21 Caco-2 cells (IC(50) of 4.6 μg/ml). We also
observed time-dependent changes in [(3)H]GlySar uptake that showed
inhibition of GlySar uptake at 30min and 1hr after the treatment of Caco-2
cells with 0.5 μg/ml LPS. The inhibitory effect recovered at 2 hrs.
Remarkably, we also found that inhibition of GlySar uptake in hPepT1 was
significantly greater when LPS was present during the di-peptide uptake
phase compared to the assays when LPS was omitted from the uptake medium.
Overall, the results suggest that, despite a cellular component in the
action of LPS, the short-term inhibition of peptide uptake in hPepT1 may be
primarily due to the direct action of LPS on hPepT1 activity. Direct action
on hPepT1 represents a new mechanism that may explain the underlying dietary
and immunological deficiencies that many alcoholics experience. We will use
electrophysiological techniques to further study the mechanism of the
inhibitory action of LPS on the hPepT1 activity. Support: NIAAA/NIH KO-1
AA017243, AA013922, AA03972, and USC School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
lipopolysaccharide
peptide
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
endotoxin
glycylsarcosine
peptide transporter 1
peptidomimetic agent
trichloroethylene
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
human
society
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
absorption
alcohol consumption
assay
bacterial overgrowth
CACO 2 cell line
cell line
hypothesis
immune deficiency
model
nutrient
oocyte
pharmacy
school
small intestine
Xenopus
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 658
TITLE
Treatment of alcohol dependence.
AUTHOR NAMES
Hanwella R.
de Silva V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hanwella R.) Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Colombo, Sri Lanka.
(de Silva V.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Hanwella, Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Colombo, Sri Lanka. Email: raveenhanwella@yahoo.co.uk
SOURCE
The Ceylon medical journal (2009) 54:2 (63-65). Date of Publication: Jun
2009
ISSN
0009-0875
ABSTRACT
It is important to manage alcohol withdrawal properly. Mismanagement could
lead to permanent brain damage or even death. The principles are simple and
easily learnt. New pharmacological agents have come into use which helps in
maintaining abstinence. Clinicians should update themselves on their use.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate
disulfiram (drug therapy)
drug derivative
drugs used in the treatment of addiction (drug therapy)
fructose (drug therapy)
naltrexone (drug therapy)
narcotic antagonist (drug therapy)
neuroprotective agent
taurine (drug therapy)
topiramate
vitamin (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
fructose (30237-26-4, 57-48-7, 7660-25-5, 77907-44-9)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
taurine (107-35-7)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19670554 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19670554)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 659
TITLE
Master’s Programme in healthcare pharmacy (pharmaceutical care)
AUTHOR NAMES
López M. G.
De Apodaca F. O. O.
Rodríguez A. Q.
Simón C. R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(López M. G., maria.guinea@uah.es; De Apodaca F. O. O.) Facultad de
Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona (Autovía
A2) Km. 33, 600 · 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
(Rodríguez A. Q.; Simón C. R.) Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos de Madrid,
C/ Sta. Engracia 31, 28010-Madrid, Spain.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2010) 10:1 (21-22). Date of Publication: Mar 2010
CONFERENCE NAME
EAFP Annual Conference, 2009
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Oslo, Norway
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-06-18 to 2009-06-20
ISSN
1560-2214
1477-2701 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
FIP
ABSTRACT
Background The main objective of the Master programme in Health Care
Pharmacy is to provide the necessary tools and knowledge to community
pharmacists who participate in it, which pharmaceutical care activities
require. With this purpose, theoretical lectures are complementary to
hands-on training on the use of specific computer software (developed by the
Madrid College of Pharmacists). The duration of the course is 9 months, and
equivalent to 60 ECTS European Credits, during which students will work
through all eight modules. Additionally, several workshops will take place
both in computer room and community pharmacies. The Master‟s degree is
awarded by the Alcalá de Henares University along with the Madrid College of
Pharmacists. In November 2008, the Faculty of Pharmacy of Universidad de
Alcalá de Henares, the Madrid College of Pharmacists and Normon Laboratories
signed a global cooperation agreement in order to promote management,
training and information projects and initiatives that would benefit the
professional activities of community pharmacists. So far, the result of that
agreement has been the creation of a Chair in Pharmaceutical Care and the
launch of a Master‟s programme in Healthcare Pharmacy during the academic
year 2008-2009, beginning in January 2009 until December 2009. Aim In
response to the growing health needs, community pharmacists have to provide
new professional services with a focus on populations and individual
patients. In this context, pharmaceutical care is one of the most important
practices to be implemented in our health system, especially due to the
legal obligation that community pharmacists have to supply it. Consequently,
we have designed a master‟s programme to ensure that participating students
will be able to obtain the competences and knowledge required to satisfy the
health care needs. The main learning objectives have been set according to
the World Health Organization and International Pharmaceutical Federation‟s
Handbook of Developing Pharmacy Practice, which includes a description about
the concept of the pharmaceutical care, discussion about the therapeutic
problems associated with drugs, analysis of main steps in the pharmaceutical
care process and how they contribute to Good Pharmaceutical Practice, the
elements of pharmaceutical care plans, the therapeutic follow-up and outcome
monitoring to assure continuity of care, and the mechanisms for detecting
and identifying priorities for pharmaceutical care in resource-limited
environments. Method The methodology is meant to be practical and based in
the study of the methods, protocols and Information Technology tools (TICs)
that guarantee the implementation of pharmaceutical care at the community
pharmacy level. With this purpose, it is very important to complement
theoretical lectures with training on the use of computer software,
specifically targeted to achieve the practical application of the knowledge
required. This methodology allows students to obtain conceptual competencies
(understanding of the theory and practice of pharmaceutical care), technical
competencies (ability to execute skills required in that area) and
integrative competencies (ability to connect theory and skills). The
duration of the course is nine months and equivalent to 60 ECTS Credits, 15
theoretical (105h) and 45 classes (315h). The lectures take place both at
the University and at the Madrid College of Pharmacists in classrooms labs,
computer room and community pharmacies. During the course, several workshops
will take place both in computer labs and community pharmacies. Both
students and faculty are involved in the evaluation process, according to
the quality assurance system established in the Alcalá de Henares
University, by using a specific pro forma. This form is distributed to
students and teachers during the last meeting of each course. Critical
comments will help to revise teaching contents and improve teaching methods.
All students are continuously evaluated thorough the acquisitions of
competencies described in the objectives. Conclusion The degree is awarded
by faculty from the Universidad de Alcalá de Henares and the Madrid College
of Pharmacists. In addition, it is our intention that the coursework will be
recognized as formal credits for those students who want to carry out their
PhD dissertation later on.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
college
competence
computer
computer program
environment
follow up
health
health care need
human
information technology
laboratory
learning
methodology
monitoring
patient
patient care
pharmacist
population
quality control
skill
student
teacher
teaching
tic
university
workshop
world health organization
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 660
TITLE
Effects of chronic ethanol on pregnanolone-induced disruptions in learning
in rhesus monkeys
AUTHOR NAMES
Winsauer P.J.
Moerschbaecher J.M.
Dufour J.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winsauer P.J.; Moerschbaecher J.M.; Dufour J.P.) Department of
Pharmacology, Alcohol Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.J. Winsauer, Department of Pharmacology, Alcohol Research Center, LSU
Health Sciences Center, .
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (218A).
Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
To examine the chronic effects of alcohol on learning and the underlying
pharmacodynamic mechanisms, 2 groups of young male rhesus monkeys trained to
respond under a task with acquisition and performance components received 5
hours of ethanol or sucrose 4 consecutive days per week for 12 months via an
intragastric catheter. Blood ethanol concentrations averaged 55 mM/L for
approximately 4.5 hours of the infusion. All subjects were tested 5 days per
week, with 3 days of testing in the absence of ethanol or sucrose
administration and 2 days of testing in the presence of their
administration. In the absence of ethanol or sucrose administration, little
or no disruption in the learning or performance components was observed in
either response rate or the percentage of errors (accuracy) compared to
pre-chronic baseline of behavior. During ethanol administration, decreases
in response rate and accuracy were evident mostly in the acquisition
components, whereas during sucrose administration, only response rate was
affected. In addition, the disruptions on the initial day of ethanol
administration were generally larger than on the second day of ethanol.
Cumulative dose-effect curves for the neurosteroid pregnanolone (1.8-10
mg/kg, i.m.) were also determined in each group before and after varying
periods of chronic ethanol administration. When cumulative doses of
pregnanolone were administered in the absence of ethanol prior to chronic
ethanol treatments, dose-dependent decreases in overall response rate and
accuracy occurred in both components in all subjects. These same disruptive
effects continued to occur with equal potency in both the alcohol- and
sucrose-treated groups over time as chronic ethanol administration
progressed. These results suggest that chronic ethanol administration, while
producing tolerance to the disruptive effects of ethanol on learning, does
not necessarily produce tolerance to the disruptive effects of pregnanolone
on learning.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
eltanolone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
neurosteroid
sucrose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
learning
rhesus monkey
society
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol blood level
catheter
dose response
infusion
intragastric drug administration
male
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 661
TITLE
Developing a lentiviral gene delivery system to investigate the role of
purinergic P2X receptors in alcohol-induced behaviors in the CNS
AUTHOR NAMES
Wyatt L.
Asatryan L.
Woodward J.J.
Alkana R.L.
Davies D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wyatt L.; Asatryan L.; Woodward J.J.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.) Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Wyatt, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of
Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (202A).
Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
P2X receptors (P2XRs) are a family of cation-permeable ligand-gated ion
channels (LGICs) gated by synaptically released extracellular ATP. Previous
work demonstrates that ethanol inhibits ATP-activated currents in rat and
mouse neurons suggesting a role for P2XRs in ethanol-induced behaviors.
Despite these interesting findings, the lack of specific P2XR agonists and
antagonists has hampered our ability to determine the role that individual
P2XR subtypes play in mediating ethanol-induced behaviors. Moreover, whole
animal transgenic models do not allow for studies of behavioral roles of
individual P2XRs expressed in different brain regions. To address these
limitations, our laboratory is developing an alternative approach that uses
lentiviral gene delivery and/or gene silencing methodology in neurons. In
the current study, we focused on P2X4Rs due to their abundant expression in
the CNS and previous recombinant investigations that demonstrate inhibition
of ATP-gated currents by ethanol in P2X4Rs. We employed two commercially
available recombinant lentiviral expression systems (Clontech and
GeneCopoeia) that utilize either HIV-1 or FIV-based sequences and a
lentiviral packaging signal for pseudovirus production. Control lentiviral
production and infection yielded 90-100% expression of GFP in rat primary
cortical and hippocampal neurons. GFP signals were visible over 7-10 days.
We next cloned a P2X4R gene into the fluorescent GFP-tag vector to generate
a C-terminal fusion protein. Transduction of neurons with the P2X4-GFP
fusion vector resulted in a punctate fluorescence pattern that is typical
for intracellular distribution of P2X4Rs. Importantly, transduction
efficiency of P2X4R-GFP was significantly higher (>50%) than what is
typically observed during lipid-based transfections of neurons (<10%). Taken
together, these results are an important step forward in the delivery of
P2XRs in neurons. This work sets the stage for future utilization of
lentiviral gene delivery for manipulations of the expression levels of
individual P2XR subtypes in a brain region-specific manner and thus provides
a means to investigate the role of specific P2XR subtypes in ethanol-induced
behaviors. Support: NIAAA/NIH AA013922, AA003972, AA017243, AA009986 and USC
School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adenosine triphosphate
cation
hybrid protein
ion channel
ligand
lipid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
central nervous system
gene delivery system
society
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agonist
brain region
cellular distribution
fluorescence
gene
gene expression system
gene silencing
gene targeting
genetic transfection
Human immunodeficiency virus
infection
laboratory
methodology
model
mouse
nerve cell
packaging
pharmacy
rat
school
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 662
TITLE
Kinetic properties of ATP-gated currents modulated by ethanol in wildtype
and mutant P2X4 receptors using whole-cell patch clamp
AUTHOR NAMES
Ostrovskaya O.
Asatryan L.
Popova M.
Li K.-X.
Alkana R.L.
Davies D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ostrovskaya O.; Asatryan L.; Popova M.; Li K.-X.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.)
School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United
States.
(Ostrovskaya O.; Asatryan L.; Popova M.; Li K.-X.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.)
1985 Zonal Ave., PSC 500, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Ostrovskaya, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (85A).
Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
P2X receptors (P2XRs) are ion channels gated by synaptically released ATP.
Previous work demonstrates that ethanol inhibits P2X4R currents expressed in
Xenopus oocytes. However, little is known regarding how ethanol causes
inhibition of ATP-gated currents in P2X4Rs. We begin to address this issue
by investigating the effects of ethanol in WT and mutant P2X4Rs expressed in
HEK293 cells using whole-cell patch clamp. In agreement with previous oocyte
studies, ethanol (100 mM) significantly inhibited ATP (3 μM) gated currents
in WT P2X4Rs (residual current was 67.6±1.5% of control). Ethanol inhibition
of ATP-gated currents was rapid with rates comparable to the rates of
solution exchange (∼10 ms). Moreover, the action of ethanol occurred
simultaneously with ATP. We found that treatment with ethanol prior to
application of ethanol/ATP did not significantly affect ethanol action.
Also, ethanol applied in the absence of ATP did not significantly alter
baseline current. Finally, preapplication of ethanol followed by ATP alone
did not significantly affect ATP-gated currents compared to control
currents. These results suggest that ethanol inhibits ATP-gated currents by
acting as an open channel blocker. The rapid rate of ethanol action, taken
together with the characteristics of ethanol acting as an open channel
blocker suggest that the site of ethanol action is located near the channel
pore. This latter contention is supported by previous oocyte studies which
identified specific residues in P2X4Rs (Trp46, Asp331 and Met336) at the
ectodomain-transmembrane domain interfaces that when mutated significantly
reduced the action of ethanol. Using patch clamp we next tested the effects
of ethanol (100mM) on the mutant D331A and M336A P2X4Rs. We found that
control ATP (3 μM)-induced currents measured in both mutant receptors
exhibited a slower rate of deactivation (tau off =977.8 ± 126.4 and 772.1 ±
235.6 correspondingly) compared to WT (tau off = 217.1 ± 3.3). In addition,
we found that the magnitude of ethanol inhibition of ATP-activated currents
was significantly reduced in both mutants D331A and M336A (residual currents
were 88.0±3.4% and 84.5±2.2% correspondingly). The reduction in magnitude of
ethanol inhibition was similar to that reported in oocytes. Overall, the
results begin to shed light on the mechanism of ethanol action of ATP-gated
currents in P2X4Rs. Support: NIAAA/NIH AA013922, AA03972, AA017243 and USC
School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adenosine triphosphate
alcohol
receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
ion channel
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
mutant
patch clamp technique
society
United States
whole cell
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
oocyte
pharmacy
school
Xenopus
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 663
TITLE
Homomeric P2X4 and heteromeric P2X4/P2X6 receptors have similar sensitivity
to ATP and alcohols
AUTHOR NAMES
Asatryan L.
Popova M.
Alkana R.L.
Davies D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Asatryan L.; Popova M.; Alkana R.L.; Davies D.L.) School of Pharmacy,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Asatryan, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, United States.
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (2009) 33 SUPPL. 1 (85A).
Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
Texas Research Society On Alcoholism - 19th Annual Scientific Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
San Antonio, TX, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-02-20 to 2009-02-20
ISSN
0145-6008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ABSTRACT
P2X receptors (P2XRs) are a family of cation-permeable ligand-gated ion
channels (LGICs) gated by synaptically released extracellular ATP. Previous
work demonstrated that ethanol inhibits ATP-activated currents in native
neurons suggesting a role for P2XRs in behavioral effects of ethanol. The
P2X4R subtype expresses in the CNS as a trimeric homomeric channel or a
heteromeric receptor in combination with other P2XR subtypes. Among P2XRs,
P2X6R subtype does not express as a functional homomeric receptor, but it is
able to heteromerize with P2X4Rs. Presently, there is little information
regarding the role of individual P2XR subtypes in ethanol sensitivities of
heteromeric P2XRs. We found that ethanol inhibits the function of
recombinantly expressed P2X4Rs. However, ethanol sensitivity of heteromeric
P2X4/P2X6Rs has not been studied. The current work investigated alcohol
sensitivity of heteromeric complexes that were produced from the
co-injections of P2X4Rs and P2X6Rs in Xenopus oocytes using two-electrode
voltage-clamp. To ensure the expression of heteromeric complexes, we first
measured maximum inducible currents (Imax) in homomeric and heteromeric
receptors. Coinjection of P2X4Rs and P2X6Rs in oocytes (10ng each) resulted
in Imax values that were comparable to those achieved with 20ng injection of
P2X4R and were 2-fold greater than Imax for 10ng P2X4R. These data suggested
a presence of heteromeric receptors along with homomeric channels in
coinjected oocytes. We found that ethanol (50-200mM) inhibited ATP-gated
currents in oocytes expressing heteromeric P2X4/P2X6Rs. The extent of
ethanol inhibition was similar to that of homomeric P2X4Rs. The longer chain
alcohol hexanol potentiated ATP-activated currents in heteromeric receptors
to the same extent as in homomeric P2X4Rs. We found no significant
difference between homomeric P2X4Rs and heteromeric P2X4/P2X6Rs in regards
to ATP function (i.e., EC(50), Hill slope) or ivermectin action (selective
P2X4R modulator). These data suggest that homomeric P2X4Rs and heteromeric
P2X4/P2X6Rs have similar sensitivities to ATP and to alcohols. Together, the
results support the notion that inhibition of ATP-gated currents in native
neurons may arise from the action of ethanol on heteromeric P2X4/P2X6R, as
well as from action on homomeric P2X4Rs. Support: NIAAA/NIH KO-1 AA017243,
AA013922, AA03972 and USC School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adenosine triphosphate
alcohol derivative
receptor
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
cation
hexanol
ion channel
ivermectin
ligand
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
society
United States
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
electrode
injection
nerve cell
oocyte
pharmacy
school
voltage clamp technique
Xenopus
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00957.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 664
TITLE
Incidence of chronic pancreatitis due to chronic alcohol abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Susan L.
Serban C.
Ancusa V.
Banciu C.
Gotia S.
Pacurari A.
Mavritsakis N.
Romosan I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Susan L.; Banciu C.; Pacurari A.; Romosan I.) IVth Medical Clinic,
University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania.
(Serban C.) Pathophysiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy
“Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania.
(Ancusa V.) University “Politehnica”, Timisoara, Romania.
(Gotia S.) Physiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy
“Victor Babes”, Timisoara, Romania.
(Mavritsakis N.) County Hopital Alba Iulia, Romania.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Susan, IVth Medical Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
Timişoara, Romania.
SOURCE
Pancreatology (2009) 9:4 (514-515). Date of Publication: June 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
41st European Pancreatic Club (EPC) Meeting
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Szeged, Hungary
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-07-01 to 2009-07-04
CONFERENCE EDITORS
Hegyi P.
Takacs T.
Venglovecz V.
Takacs T.
Rakonczay Z.
Takacs T.
Venglovecz V.
Takacs T.
ISSN
1424-3903
BOOK PUBLISHER
S. Karger AG
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Although the association between alcohol and pancreatitis has
been recognized, the precise magnitude of the impact of alcohol remains
poorly quantified. Chronic pancreatitis represents a diverse group of
lesions of various etiologies and the most frequent cause is ethanol and
biliary lithiasis. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the
incidence of chronic pancreatitis due to alcohol abuse in a group of
patients hospitalized in one year period in IVth Medical Clinic of
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara. Patients and
Methods: We performed a total of 2262 abdominal echographies between January
2008 and January 2009. All the patients were complete clinically and
paraclinically investigated. We performed in all patients an abdominal
ultrasound using an Aloka ProSound 4400 ultrasound system with a 3.5 MHz
transceiver. Results: The sex repartition of the patients was: 1320 men
(58.35%) and 942 women (41.64%). The patients were aged between 18-85 years
(mean age 51.5 years). 56% of the patients were from rural medium and 46%
were from urban medium. 422 patients (18.65%) presented echographic
modifications of the pancreas: 342 patients had chronic pancreatitis
(81.4%), 23 patients had acutized chronic pancreatitis (5.45%) and 53
patients (12.55%) had tumoral modification. 88% of the patients with chronic
pancreatitis had an alcohol consumption between 50 ml/day and 500 ml/day and
82% of them were smokers. Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest an
increased chronic pancreatitis risk for persons with a high ethanol intake.
Smoking seems to be a remarkable co-factor together with alcohol in the
development of chronic pancreatitis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol abuse
chronic pancreatitis
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
alcohol consumption
cholelithiasis
etiology
female
hospital
pancreas
pancreatitis
patient
pharmacy
risk
smoking
ultrasound
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000218095
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 665
TITLE
An intervention to develop repeat prescribing in community pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Saastamoinen L.K.
Klaukka T.J.
Ilomäki J.
Enlund H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Saastamoinen L.K., leena.k.saastamoinen@kela.fi) Social Insurance
Institution, PO Box 450, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
(Saastamoinen L.K., leena.k.saastamoinen@kela.fi; Klaukka T.J.) Social
Insurance Institution, Helsinki, Finland.
(Ilomäki J.; Enlund H.) Department of Social Pharmacy, University of Kuopio,
Kuopio, Finland.
(Enlund H.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait
University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. K. Saastamoinen, Social Insurance Institution, PO Box 450, FIN-00101
Helsinki, Finland. Email: leena.k.saastamoinen@kela.fi
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (2009) 34:3 (261-265). Date of
Publication: June 2009
ISSN
0269-4727
1365-2710 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background: Lack of review of patients' medications in repeat prescribing is
common. This and other problems in repeat prescribing need to be addressed.
Community pharmacists could be more proactive in the review of chronic
medications. Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the
feasibility and effects of pharmacists' interventions in repeat prescribing.
Methods: The normal repeat prescribing process used at Kuopio University
Pharmacy and in Kuopio Health Services was developed by an intervention
which included a pharmacist's interview and the annual medication data of
the patient that were both transferred to the prescribing physician.
Results: Physicians in the intervention group identified and solved
patients' drug-related problems better than was the case in the comparison
group with normal repeat prescribing. Over half the patients receiving
repeat prescriptions had at least one drug-related problem. The physicians
used more information sources to support repeat prescribing in the
intervention system. Conclusions: Community pharmacists are able to improve
the quality of physician's repeat prescribing by providing vital
information. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug monitoring
pharmacist
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
adverse outcome
aged
article
clinical practice
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
female
Finland
human
intervention study
interview
major clinical study
male
medical record
open study
physician
randomized controlled trial
statistical analysis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009216963
MEDLINE PMID
19646075 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19646075)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.01003.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 666
TITLE
Survey on addictions: toward curricular change for family nurse
practitioners.
AUTHOR NAMES
Campbell-Heider N.
Finnell D.S.
Feigenbaum J.C.
Feeley T.H.
Rejman K.S.
Austin-Ketch T.
Zulawski C.
Schmitt A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Campbell-Heider N.; Finnell D.S.; Feigenbaum J.C.; Feeley T.H.; Rejman
K.S.; Austin-Ketch T.; Zulawski C.; Schmitt A.) University at Buffalo, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Campbell-Heider, University at Buffalo, USA. Email: nheider@buffalo.edu
SOURCE
International journal of nursing education scholarship (2009) 6:1
(Article4). Date of Publication: 2009
ISSN
1548-923X (electronic)
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a survey of advanced
practice nurses (APNs) to determine the activities they perform related to
caring for patients with addictions and or co-occurring mental health
disorders, the amount of addictions education in their graduate programs,
and their perceptions of the value of addictions education for their role.
Data were obtained from 233 APNs in New York State using a tool adapted from
a previous job analysis survey. APNs reported the greatest amount of
experience in history taking for various types of addictions and
co-occurring mental health disorders and least amount of experience in
performing objective exams, using standardized screening tools, ordering
related diagnostic tests, prescribing pharmacological treatments, and making
referrals for addiction treatment. Respondents reported a mean of less than
three hours addictions education in their graduate programs in contrast to
their high perceived importance of this clinical area.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis, therapy)
general practice
nurse attitude
nurse practitioner
nursing education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
curriculum
education
epidemiology
female
health care quality
health personnel attitude
human
male
methodology
nurse
nursing
nursing evaluation research
professional competence
review
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19222396 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19222396)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 667
TITLE
A symposium to facilitate substance abuse education into the curriculum at a
northeast college of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Kenna G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kenna G.) Brown University, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Kenna, Brown University, .
SOURCE
Substance Abuse (2009) 30:2 (212). Date of Publication: April 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
2007 AMERSA National Meeting
ISSN
0889-7077
BOOK PUBLISHER
Haworth Press Inc.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: (1) Hold a 3 speaker symposium that presented various aspects of
substance use disorders to 4 years of pharmacy students (“What the Pharmacy
Profession Should Know about Substance Use and Abuse Symposium”); (2) send
two students to the University of Utah School on Alcoholism and Other Drug
Dependencies; (3) Encourage as many students as possible to become members
of Healthcare Professional Students for Substance Abuse Training (HPSSAT).
Method: 313 pharmacy students representing the 4 professional years (Pl-P4)
attended the symposium held in Edwards Auditorium on the main URI campus.
Four assessments of the students were sought: an Overall Symposium
Evaluation as well as evaluations of the three speakers. Results: To measure
the first objective, evaluations used a Likert scale with l = Strongly
Disagree to S = Strongly Agree. Students leaned toward Disagreeing or
Strongly Disagreeing (< 2.5; < 2 respectively) with the following: I know no
one in pharmacy school taking drugs; Since substance abuse is a relapsing
disorder, substance abuse treatment is a waste of time; Most alcohol
dependent patients get better by themselves; I don't see how substance abuse
treatment is important to pharmacists and I think it's unprofessional to
discuss substance use by pharmacy students. Students leaned toward agreeing
(>3.5) with the following statements: I feel more confident that if I ask
for help, my treatment is confidential; I feel more confident that I
understand the importance for screening for substance use disorders at an
early age; The second objective, two obtain funds to send 2 students to Utah
was accomplished. The third objective was accomplished as 27 pharmacy
students joined HPSSAT. Conclusion: The symposium and program was deemed
successful.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college
curriculum
education
pharmacy
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
alcoholism
drug dependence
health care personnel
occupation
patient
pharmacist
pharmacy student
school
screening
student
United States
university
waste
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08897070902802133
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 668
TITLE
Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders
leaves (Acanthaceae)
AUTHOR NAMES
Patra A.
Jha S.
Murthy P.N.
Aher Vaibhav D.
Chattopadhyay P.
Panigrahi G.
Roy D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Patra A., arjun.patra@rediffmail.com; Aher Vaibhav D.; Chattopadhyay P.)
College of Pharmacy, IFTM, Moradabad- 244 001, U.P., India.
(Jha S.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of
Technology, Mesra-835 215, Ranchi, Jharkhanda, India.
(Murthy P.N.; Panigrahi G.) Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences,
Berhampur-760 002, Orissa, India.
(Roy D.) Research Biomedical Sciences, Department of Immunology, University
of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Patra, College of Pharmacy, IFTM, Moradabad- 244 001, U.P., India. Email:
arjun.patra@rediffmail.com
SOURCE
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2009) 8:2 (133-137). Date of
Publication: April 2009
ISSN
1596-5996
1596-9827 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
PHARMACOTHERAPY GROUP, FACULTY PHARMACY, BENIN CITY, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Acanthaceae) is commonly used in the
traditional system of medicine for the treatment of inflammation, pain,
jaundice, rheumatism, arthritis, anaemia, etc. In the present study, we
investigated the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the
petroleum ether, chloroform, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the leaf of
this plant. Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of the various extracts
was studied based on their effects on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats
while antipyretic activity was evaluated on the basis of their effect on
Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. The extracts were screened for
alkaloids, steroids, proteins, flavonoids, saponins, mucilage,
carbohydrates, organic acids, fats and oils. Results: Preliminary
phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids,
proteins, flavonoids, fats and oils, tannins, mucilage and organic acids in
the leaves of H. spinosa. Chloroform and alcoholic extracts of leaves of H.
spinosa produced significant (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) anti-inflammatory and
antipyretic activities in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand,
petroleum ether and aqueous extracts did not show significant
anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. The maximum anti-inflammatory
activities produced by chloroform and alcoholic extracts (400 mg/kg) were
33.7% and 47.5%, respectively. These two extracts also reduced elevated body
temperature in rats at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight doses throughout the
observation period of 6 h. Conclusions: Chloroform and alcoholic extracts of
H. spinosa leaves have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. ©
Pharmacotherapy Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Hygrophila spinosa alcoholic extract (drug development, pharmacology)
Hygrophila spinosa aqueous extract (drug development, pharmacology)
Hygrophila spinosa chloroform extract (drug development, pharmacology)
Hygrophila spinosa petroleum ether extract (drug development, pharmacology)
plant extract (drug development, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alkaloid derivative
carbohydrate derivative
carboxylic acid
carrageenan
fat
flavonoid
oil
protein derivative
saponin derivative
steroid
tannin derivative
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Acanthaceae
antiinflammatory activity
antipyretic activity
hygrophila spinosa
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
female
fever
male
mucilage
nonhuman
paw edema
phytochemistry
plant leaf
rat
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
carrageenan (9000-07-1, 9049-05-2, 9061-82-9, 9064-57-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009453382
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 669
TITLE
Drug-related problems observed in a pharmaceutical care service, Belo
Horizonte, Brazil
AUTHOR NAMES
Nascimento Y.D.A.
Carvalho W.D.S.
Acurcio F.D.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Carvalho W.D.S.; Acurcio F.D.A.) Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of
Minas Gerais, France.
(Nascimento Y.D.A., yone_almeida@hotmail.com) Centro Universitário Newton
Paiva, Av. Silva Lobo, 1730, 30.460-000 - Nova Granada - Belo Horizonte -
MG, Brazil.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y. D. A. Nascimento, Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Av. Silva Lobo,
1730, 30.460-000 - Nova Granada - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil. Email:
yone_almeida@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Revista Brasileira de Ciencias Farmaceuticas/Brazilian Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences (2009) 45:2 (321-330). Date of Publication:
April-June 2009
ISSN
1516-9332
BOOK PUBLISHER
Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas (Biblioteca), P.O. Box 66083, Sao Paulo,
Brazil.
ABSTRACT
This present observational, longitudinal, and non-concurrent study was
developed with the purposes of evaluate the profile of patients attended by
a pharmacotherapeutic follow-up service and describe the Drug-Related
Problems (DRPs) found over there; determine the proportion of DRPs between
the health problems presented by the studied population, classifying them
and identifying the situations related with their appearance. The study was
developed at the School Pharmacy of Newton Paiva University Center, Belo
Horizonte, MG, during the period from 2001 November up to 2003 November.
Ninety seven patients have been evaluated, the majority of female sex
(66.0%), with up to 8 years of scholarship (45.4%), mean age of 56.7 ± 13.0
years; mean of 4 ± 2 diagnosed diseases; 7 ± 6 complaints and 4 ± 2
medications per patient. Nine hundred and twelve health problems have been
identified: 56.5% uncontrolled. From the uncontrolled problems, 380 (73.6%)
were DRPs and between these, 81 (21.3%) were risks for DRP. From the 97
followed-up patients, 89 (91.7%) have presented at least one DRP during the
follow-up. The more frequent DRPs were related to effectiveness (53.2%), to
necessity (25.2%) and to safety (21.6%). A great number of uncontrolled
problems was observed, as well as the possibility to resolve them by means
of pharmaceutical care, indicating so the resolutive potential of this
practice.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
anticoagulant agent
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
calcium channel blocking agent
central stimulant agent
diuretic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
Brazil
depression
drug efficacy
drug safety
female
follow up
health status
hospitalization
human
longitudinal study
major clinical study
male
observational study
population
professional practice
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Portuguese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2010095172
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-82502009000200018
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 670
TITLE
Development of pharmaceutical care services in nursing homes: Practice and
research in a Swiss canton
AUTHOR NAMES
Locca J.-F.
Ruggli M.
Buchmann M.
Huguenin J.
Bugnon O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Locca J.-F.; Bugnon O., olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch) Community Pharmacy
Practice Research Unit, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Pharmacie de la
PMU, Rue du Bugnon 44, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
(Ruggli M.) PharmaSuisse, Swiss Association of Pharmacists, 3097
Bern-Liebefeld, Switzerland.
(Buchmann M.) Community Pharmacy Tête Noire, 1680 Romont, Switzerland.
(Huguenin J.) Institute of Health Economics and Management, University of
Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Bugnon, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Universities of
Lausanne and Geneva, Pharmacie de la PMU, Rue du Bugnon 44, 1011 Lausanne,
Switzerland. Email: olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (2009) 31:2 (165-173). Date of Publication: April
2009
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Netherlands, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the implementation process and
economic impact of a new pharmaceutical care service provided since 2002 by
pharmacists in Swiss nursing homes. Setting The setting was 42 nursing homes
located in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland under the responsibility of
22 pharmacists. Method We developed different facilitators, such as a
monitoring system, a coaching program, and a research project, to help
pharmacists change their practice and to improve implementation of this new
service. We evaluated the implementation rate of the service delivered in
nursing homes. We assessed the economic impact of the service since its
start in 2002 using statistical evaluation (Chow test) with retrospective
analysis of the annual drug costs per resident over an 8-year period
(1998-2005). Main outcome measures The description of the facilitators and
their implications in implementation of the service; the economic impact of
the service since its start in 2002. Results In 2005, after a 4-year
implementation period supported by the introduction of facilitators of
practice change, all 42 nursing homes (2,214 residents) had implemented the
pharmaceutical care service. The annual drug costs per resident decreased by
about 16.4% between 2002 and 2005; this change proved to be highly
significant. The performance of the pharmacists continuously improved using
a specific coaching program including an annual expert comparative report,
working groups, interdisciplinary continuing education symposia, and
individual feedback. This research project also determined priorities to
develop practice guidelines to prevent drug-related problems in nursing
homes, especially in relation to the use of psychotropic drugs. Conclusion
The pharmaceutical care service was fully and successfully implemented in
Fribourg's nursing homes within a period of 4 years. These findings
highlight the importance of facilitators designed to assist pharmacists in
the implementation of practice changes. The economic impact was confirmed on
a large scale, and priorities for clinical and pharmacoeconomic research
were identified in order to continue to improve the quality of integrated
care for the elderly. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical practice
medical research
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
controlled study
female
human
male
nursing home
pharmacist
pharmacy
Switzerland
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009147444
MEDLINE PMID
19067223 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19067223)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-008-9273-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 671
TITLE
Puerarin attenuates ethanol toxicity in Medaka (oryzias latipes) embryos
during development
AUTHOR NAMES
Hu Y.
Khan I.A.
Dasmahapatra A.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hu Y.; Khan I.A.; Dasmahapatra A.K.) National Center for Natural Product
Research, Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University,
United States.
(Dasmahapatra A.K.) Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy,
University of Mississippi, University, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y. Hu, National Center for Natural Product Research, Department of
Pharmacology, University of Mississippi, University, United States.
SOURCE
Planta Medica (2009) 75:4 (448-449). Date of Publication: March 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
8th Annual Oxford International Conference on the Science of Botanicals
CONFERENCE LOCATION
University, MS, United States
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-04-06 to 2009-04-09
CONFERENCE EDITORS
Khan I.
ISSN
0032-0943
BOOK PUBLISHER
Georg Thieme Verlag
ABSTRACT
The drugs approved by FDA for the treatment of alcoholism are not
recommended for the women in pregnancy [1]. Therefore, a drug with
anticraving property as well as non-toxic to fetus is required for the
treatment of Fetal Alcohol SpectrumDisorder (FASD), a neurobehavioral
disorder observed in the babies of alcoholic mothers who consumed alcohol
during pregnancy. We have evaluated the potency of Radix puerariae (RP), the
root extracts of a wild leguminous creeper kudzu (Pueraria montana), as an
alternative natural medicine to prevent FASD using Japanese medaka (Oryzias
latipes) embryo-larval development as the model. Previously, we have
observed that ethanol was able to induce skeletal dismorphogenesis in medaka
by reducing skeletal growth in a dose-dependent manner [2]. In this
experiment we have used RP and puerarin (SigmaAldrich) as preventive agents
of ethanol-induced skeletal dismorphogenesis in medaka. RP was collected
from the Lafayette County of Oxford and HPLC analysis indicated that
puerarin is the major isoflavone present in the methanolic extract of RP.
Fertilized medaka eggs in standard laboratory conditions (16 L: 8D, 25 0C)
were exposed to RP extract (0-1.5mg/ml) for 6 day post fertilization (dpf)
and then maintained in 48 well tissue culture plate in hatching solution
(one embryo/ml/well). Embryo mortality was observed on 10 dpf. In separate
experiments embryos were exposed to RP (0-0.5mg/ml), Puerarin (0.25-1 mM)
with or without ethanol (300 mM) for 2 dpf and then transferred to hatching
solution. The calculated IC(50) of RP as determined on 10 dpf is 785.3 ±
2.66 μg/ml (n = 5). Hatched embryos on 10 dpf were used for morphometric
analysis of skeletal features including the skeleton, cranium, jaw, ethmoid
and hypophyseal plate. It was observed that ethanol was able to reduce the
growth of all these skeletal features, however, RP or puerarin alone has no
effect.When the embryos were treated together with ethanol and RP or
puerarin, ethanol-induced skeletal growth reductions were attenuated
specifically by puerarin. It is therefore concluded that puerarin, the major
flavonoid present in RP, has the potency to prevent ethanol-induced
teratogenesis during development and can be used as an alternative natural
medicine for the prevention of FASD or other alcohol related disorders.
Acknowledgements: This work is supported in part by the United States
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Specific Cooperative
Agreement No 586408-2-0009, National Center for Natural Product Research,
School of Pharmacy, University ofMississippi, National Institute of Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism (1RO3 AA016915) and from The Center of Research
Excellence in Natural products Neurosciences (P20RR021929).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
puerarin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
fenticlor
flavonoid
isoflavone
lypressin
natural product
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol intoxication
embryo
Oryzias
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol abuse
alcoholism
baby
bone growth
egg
embryo mortality
female
fertilization
fetus
food and drug administration
government
hatching
high performance liquid chromatography
Japanese (people)
jaw
laboratory
larval development
model
mother
pharmacy
pregnancy
prevention
Pueraria
school
skeleton
skull
teratogenesis
tissue culture
United States
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 672
TITLE
Randomized trial assessing the effectiveness of a pharmacist-delivered
program for smoking cessation
AUTHOR NAMES
Dent L.A.
Harris K.J.
Noonan C.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dent L.A., larry.dent@umontana.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Skaggs
School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States.
(Harris K.J.) School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of
Montana, .
(Noonan C.W.) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy,
University of Montana, .
(Dent L.A., larry.dent@umontana.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Skaggs
School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., #1522, Missoula,
MT 59812, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. A. Dent, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Skaggs School of Pharmacy,
University of Montana, 32 Campus Dr., #1522, Missoula, MT 59812, United
States. Email: larry.dent@umontana.edu
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2009) 43:2 (194-201). Date of Publication:
February 2009
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: As trained and accessible healthcare professionals, pharmacists
are in an ideal position to provide tobacco cessation interventions. Of the
15 studies identified in the literature assessing the effectiveness of
tobacco cessation interventions delivered by pharmacists, this is the first
randomized controlled trial conducted in the US of a pharmacist-delivered
program for smoking cessation using biochemical confirmation. OBJECTIVE: To
assess the effectiveness on smoking cessation of a face-to-face group
program conducted by the pharmacist team compared with a brief standard care
session delivered by a pharmacist over the telephone. METHODS: An
open-label, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at a
Veterans Health Administration, community-based outpatient clinic in the
Rocky Mountain region. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a
3-session face-to-face group program conducted by the pharmacist team or one
5- to 10-minute standard care session delivered by the pharmacist team over
the telephone. Participants in both groups were offered either
immediate-release bupropion or nicotine patch at no cost. The primary
outcome of self-reported abstinence was biochemically confirmed by urinary
cotinine at 6 months after the quit date. RESULTS: One hundred one smokers
were randomized from October 3, 2005, to March 30, 2007, with the last
6-month follow-up survey completed on November 6, 2007. Analysts of data was
completed in December 2007. Using intent-to-treat procedures, confirmed
abstinence rates at the end of 6 months were 28% in the pharmacist-delivered
face-to-face treatment group and 11.8% in the standard care telephone
session control group (p < 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that
pharmacists are effective providers of tobacco cessation interventions.
Greater utilization of pharmacists in tcbacco cessation efforts could have a
significant impact on smoking rates, prevention of tobacco-related diseases,
and overall improvement in public health across the US.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
cotinine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
nicotine patch (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug
therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education program
health program
pharmacist
smoking cessation
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical trial
control group
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
dizziness (side effect)
drug dose reduction
drug withdrawal
follow up
health care delivery
health care management
health care personnel
health care utilization
health practitioner
health survey
human
major clinical study
open study
outpatient department
priority journal
public health
randomized controlled trial
rash (side effect)
self report
telephone
tobacco
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
cotinine (486-56-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009081002
MEDLINE PMID
19193572 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19193572)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1L556
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 673
TITLE
Acquired Appetitive Responding to Intravenous Nicotine Reflects a Pavlovian
Conditioned Association
AUTHOR NAMES
Murray J.E.
Bevins R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Murray J.E.; Bevins R.A., rbevins1@unl.edu) Department of Psychology,
University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Bevins, Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Email: rbevins1@unl.edu
SOURCE
Behavioral Neuroscience (2009) 123:1 (97-108). Date of Publication: February
2009
ISSN
0735-7044
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Psychological Association Inc., 750 First Street NE, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Recent research examining Pavlovian appetitive conditioning has extended the
associative properties of nicotine from the unconditioned stimulus or reward
to include the role of a conditional stimulus (CS), capable of acquiring the
ability to evoke a conditioned response. To date, published research has
used presession extravascular injections to examine nicotine as a contextual
CS in that appetitive Pavlovian drug discrimination task. Two studies in the
current research examined whether a nicotine CS can function discretely,
multiple times within a session using passive iv infusions. In Experiment 1,
rats readily acquired a discrimination in conditioned responding between
nicotine and saline infusions when nicotine was selectively paired with
sucrose presentations. In Experiment 2, rats were either trained with
nicotine paired with sucrose or explicitly unpaired with sucrose. The
results showed that rats trained with explicitly unpaired nicotine and
sucrose did not increase dipper entries after the infusions. Nicotine was
required to be reliably paired with sucrose for control of conditioned
responding to develop. Implications of these findings are discussed in
relation to tobacco addiction, learning theory, and pharmacology. © 2009
American Psychological Association.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
sodium chloride
sucrose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
conditioned reflex
drug discrimination
smoking cessation
stimulus
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
conditioning
infusion
injection
intravenous drug administration
learning theory
pharmacology
rat
reward
tobacco dependence
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009087508
MEDLINE PMID
19170434 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19170434)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0013735
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 674
TITLE
Mental disorders and termination of education in high-income and low and
middle-income countries: Epidemiological study
AUTHOR NAMES
Lee S.
Tsang A.
Breslau J.
Aguilar-Gaxiola S.
Angermeyer M.
Borges G.
Bromet E.
Bruffaerts R.
De Girolamo G.
Fayyad J.
Gureje O.
Haro J.M.
Kawakami N.
Levinson D.
Browne M.A.O.
Ormel J.
Posada-Villa J.
Williams D.R.
Kessler R.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lee S., singlee@cuhk.edu.hk) FRCPsych, Department of Psychiatry, Hong Kong
Mood Disorders Centre, 7A, Block E, Staff Quarters, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
(Tsang A.) BSoSc, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Center, Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
(Breslau J.) ScD, United States.
(Aguilar-Gaxiola S.) Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Department of
Internal Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA, United States.
(Angermeyer M.) Department of Psychiatry, Leipzig University, Germany.
(Borges G.) Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria, Universidad Autonoma
Metropolitana-Xochimilco Calzada Mexico Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico.
(Bromet E.) State University of New York, Stony Brook,NY, United States.
(Bruffaerts R.) Department of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University
Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven, Belgium.
(De Girolamo G.) IRCCS Centro, S. Giovanni di Dio - Fatebebenefratelli,
Brescia, Italy.
(Fayyad J.) Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care,
St George Hospital University Medical Centre, Lebanon.
(Gureje O.) FRCPsych, Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital,
Ibadan, Nigeria.
(Haro J.M.) Sant Joan de Deu-SSM, Ciber en Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
(Kawakami N.) Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine,
Tokyo University, Japan.
(Levinson D.) Ministry of Health, Mental Health Services, Israel.
(Browne M.A.O.) Department of Rural and Indigenous Health, School of Rural
Health Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University,
Moe, Australia.
(Ormel J.) Department of Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology,
University Medical Centre, Groningen, Netherlands.
(Posada-Villa J.) Ministry of Social Protection, Colegio Mayor de
Cundinamarca University, Bogota, Colombia.
(Williams D.R.) Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard
School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
(Kessler R.C.) Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston MA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Lee, FRCPsych, Department of Psychiatry, Hong Kong Mood Disorders Centre,
7A, Block E, Staff Quarters, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong. Email:
singlee@cuhk.edu.hk
SOURCE
British Journal of Psychiatry (2009) 194:5 (411-417). Date of Publication:
May 2009
ISSN
1472-1465 (electronic)
0007-1250
BOOK PUBLISHER
Royal College of Psychiatrists, 17 Belgrave Square, London, United Kingdom.
dtomkins@rcpsych.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
Background Studies of the impact of mental disorders on educational (OR=1.4)
and impulse control disorders (OR=2.2) were attainment are rare in both
high-income and low- and associated with early termination of secondary
education. In middle-income (LAMI) countries. LAMI countries, impulse
control disorders (OR=1.3) and substance use disorders (OR=1.5) were
associated with early Aims . termination of secondary education. To examine
the association between early-onset mental disorder and subsequent
termination of education. Conclusions Onset of mental disorder and
subsequent non-completion of Method education are consistently associated in
both high-income Sixteen countries taking part in the World Health and LAMI
countries. Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative were surveyed
with the Composite International Diagnostic Declaration of interest
Interview (n=41 688). Survival models were used to estimate R.C.K. has been
a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline, Kaiser associations between DSM-IV mental
disorders and Permanente, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi-Aventis, Shire Pharmaceuticals
subsequent non-attainment of educational milestones. and Wyeth-Ayerst; has
served on advisory boards for Eli Lilly & Company and Wyeth-Ayerst; and has
had research support Results for his epidemiological studies from
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli In high-income countries, prior substance use
disorders were Lilly & Company, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson
associated with non-completion at all stages of education Pharmaceuticals,
Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical mc, Pfizer Inc (OR 1.4-15.2). Anxiety disorders
(OR=1.3), mood disorders and Sanofi-Aventis.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
mental disease
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agoraphobia
alcohol abuse
alcoholism
anxiety disorder
article
attention deficit disorder
behavior disorder
bipolar disorder
conduct disorder
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
disease association
drug abuse
drug dependence
dysthymia
generalized anxiety disorder
health survey
high school
human
impulse control disorder
intermittent explosive disorder
interview
major clinical study
major depression
model
mood disorder
oppositional defiant disorder
panic
phobia
posttraumatic stress disorder
separation anxiety
social phobia
substance abuse
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Internal Medicine (6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009311046
MEDLINE PMID
19407270 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19407270)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054841
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2014 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 675
TITLE
Insomnia as a predictor of depression in UK primary care
AUTHOR NAMES
De Vries F.D.
Gallagher A.M.
Lader M.H.
Tylee A.T.
Donoghue J.
Cockle S.M.
Van Staa T.P.
Nutt D.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(De Vries F.D.; Gallagher A.M.; Van Staa T.P.) MHRA, GPRD Group, London,
United Kingdom.
(Lader M.H.; Tylee A.T.) King's College, Institute of Psychiatry, London,
United Kingdom.
(Donoghue J.) John Moores University, School of Pharmacy and Chemistry,
Liverpool, United Kingdom.
(Cockle S.M.) Servier Laboratories Ltd, Medical and Corporate Affairs,
Slough, United Kingdom.
(Nutt D.J.) University of Bristol, Psychopharmacology Unit, Bristol, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F.D. De Vries, MHRA, GPRD Group, London, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
European Neuropsychopharmacology (2009) 19 SUPPL. 3 (S372-S373). Date of
Publication: 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
22 ECNP Congress
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Istanbul, Turkey
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-09-12 to 2009-09-16
ISSN
0924-977X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential
association between insomnia and incident depression in patients treated in
UK primary care. Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study using the UK
General Practice Research Database (GPRD) was conducted. Patients aged ≥18
years with a diagnosis of insomnia or a prescription for a hypnotic (1st
January 1995 to 2008) were included. Patients with a history of depression,
antidepressant prescription, alcoholism, severe mental illness or drug abuse
were excluded. Each patient was matched to a single control, with respect to
year of birth, gender and practice. The association between insomnia and
depression was evaluated in a time-dependent manner using Poisson
regression. Incident depression was defined as a clinical or referral record
for depression or prescribing of an antidepressant. The analysis was
adjusted for a number of potential confounding factors, including age,
gender, anxiety, chronic pain, cardiovascular conditions, diabetes mellitus,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, asthma, gastrointestinal and urinary
problems. Results: A total of 125,013 patients and 125,013 matched controls
was included (52.9% female, mean age 49.9 years (standard deviation 20.3
years)). The crude incidence of depression was 13.2 per 1,000 person years
for the control group and 93.1 per 1,000 person years for patients with a
history of sleep disturbance. Overall, patients with a history of sleep
disturbance (insomnia code or hypnotic prescription) were four and a half
times more likely to develop depression than those with no sleep disturbance
(fully adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)
4.3-4.6). When the time between the first visit for sleep disturbance and
the subsequent diagnosis of depression/antidepressant prescription was
stratified, the risk peaked in the one to two months after the initial sleep
disturbance visit (AOR 21.6, 95% CI 20.1-23.4). From this peak, the risk
decreased by three to six months (AOR 18.6, 95% CI 17.9-19.4) and further
decreased by seven to twelve months (AOR 14.2, 95% CI 13.6-14.9), but
remained substantially elevated more than twelve months after the first
visit for insomnia (AOR 10.9, 95% CI 10.5-11.3). Patients who received both
a diagnosis of insomnia and a prescription for a hypnotic, which may be
indicative of greater severity of insomnia, had an even greater risk of
depression, both overall (AOR 5.3, 95% CI 5.1-5.5) and at the peak (one to
two months after the initial sleep disturbance visit; AOR 24.1, 95% CI
21.7-26.6). The risk of future depression was lower in those with solely a
diagnosis of insomnia but no hypnotic prescription (overall AOR 2.8, 95% CI
2.7-3.0). Conclusions: Insomnia appears to be an important predictor of
future depression. Patients diagnosed with insomnia or prescribed a hypnotic
in primary care have a significantly increased risk of being diagnosed with
depression in the following months, compared with controls, and this risk
may be related to the severity of the insomnia. This study was funded by
Sender Laboratories Limited, UK. GPRD is owned by the UK Department of
Health and operates within the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory
Agency (MHRA). GPRD is funded by the MHRA, Medical Research Council, various
universities, contract research organisations and pharmaceutical companies.
The views expressed in this abstract are those of the authors and do not
reflect the official policy or position of the Medicines and Healthcare
products Regulatory Agency, UK.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
hypnotic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
insomnia
primary medical care
United Kingdom
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
anxiety
asthma
chronic obstructive lung disease
chronic pain
cohort analysis
confidence interval
control group
data base
diabetes mellitus
diagnosis
drug abuse
drug industry
female
gender
general practice
health
health care
human
laboratory
medical research
mental disease
patient
policy
prescription
risk
sleep disorder
university
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(09)70570-X
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 676
TITLE
Nursing home violence: Occurrence, risks, and interventions
AUTHOR NAMES
Hall R.C.W.
Hall R.C.W.
Chapman M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hall R.C.W.) University of South Florida, .
(Hall R.C.W.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, .
(Hall R.C.W.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, University
of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
(Chapman M.J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. C. W. Hall, University of South Florida, .
SOURCE
Annals of Long-Term Care (2009) 17:1 (25-31). Date of Publication: January
2009
ISSN
1524-7929
BOOK PUBLISHER
HMP Communications LLP, 4365 U.S. Highway 1 Suite 250, Princeton, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Nursing assistants working in long-term care facilities are the most likely
American worker to be attacked while on the job. Thus, it is important for
nursing home staff to understand the risks they face and the potential
interventions available to them and their management to diminish that risk.
Both resident and staff risk factors for violence can be specifically
addressed to improve nursing home safety. In addition to environmental
changes and staff education/training, pharmacologic interventions may be
considered for residents with severe dementia and agitation/ aggression. Due
to the FDA black box warning for neuroleptic medications, knowing when to
start these agents and which medications to begin has become more difficult.
Residents who put staff and other residents at clear risk require removal to
a more secure environment for further diagnosis and medical stabilization.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anxiolytic agent (drug therapy)
aripiprazole (clinical trial, drug therapy)
benzodiazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
carbamazepine (drug therapy)
cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy)
citalopram (drug therapy)
fluphenazine (drug therapy)
haloperidol (clinical trial, drug therapy)
hypnotic agent (drug therapy)
lorazepam (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
memantine (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial)
olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
oxazepam (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
placebo
risperidone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
trazodone (drug therapy)
valproic acid (clinical trial, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nursing home
occupational accident (epidemiology)
workplace violence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aggression
agitation
akathisia (side effect)
behavior disorder (drug therapy)
cerebrovascular accident (side effect)
clinical trial
closed angle glaucoma (side effect)
daily life activity
delirium (side effect)
drug dependence (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug half life
drug safety
dystonia (side effect)
extrapyramidal symptom (side effect)
fall risk
family interaction
fever (side effect)
heart muscle conduction disturbance (side effect)
human
hypotension (side effect)
memory disorder (side effect)
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (side effect)
nursing home personnel
occupational hazard
occupational safety
orthostatic hypotension (side effect)
paradoxical drug reaction (side effect)
patient assessment
patient care
peripheral edema (side effect)
placebo effect
prevalence
review
risk assessment
risk factor
sedation
side effect (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
staff training
treatment indication
treatment planning
unspecified side effect (side effect)
urinary dysfunction (side effect)
violence
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aripiprazole (129722-12-9)
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
fluphenazine (146-56-5, 69-23-8)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
oxazepam (604-75-1)
risperidone (106266-06-2)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009055193
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 677
TITLE
College student receptiveness to various alcohol treatment options
AUTHOR NAMES
Epler A.J.
Sher K.J.
Loomis T.B.
O'Malley S.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Epler A.J.; Sher K.J.; Loomis T.B.; O'Malley S.S.) Department of
Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Midwest Alcoholism Research
Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. aje4x9@mizzou.edu
SOURCE
Journal of American college health : J of ACH (2009) 58:1 (26-32). Date of
Publication: 2009 Jul-Aug
ISSN
0744-8481
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Heavy episodic drinking remains a significant problem on college
campuses. Although most interventions for college students are behavioral,
pharmacological treatments, such as naltrexone, could provide additional
options.PARTICIPANTS: The authors evaluated receptivity to various alcohol
treatment options in a general population of college student drinkers (N =
2,084), assessed in 2005.METHODS: The authors asked participants to indicate
which of 8 treatment options (ie, self-help book, self-help computer
program, self-help group, group therapy, individual therapy, monthly
injection, targeted oral medication, or daily oral medication) they would be
willing to consider if they were going to cut down on or stop
drinking.RESULTS: Over 50% of drinkers expressed receptiveness to self-help
options or psychotherapy options, and over 25% of drinkers expressed
receptiveness to medication options.CONCLUSIONS: Increasing treatment
options for students interested in reducing or stopping drinking by offering
pharmacological interventions such as naltrexone could provide an important
unmet need among college students.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
naltrexone (drug therapy)
narcotic antagonist (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
epidemiology
statistics and numerical data
student
university
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
alcoholism (drug therapy, prevention)
drinking behavior
drug dependence treatment
female
human
male
multivariate analysis
patient attitude
psychometry
risk
statistical model
United States
young adult
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
19592350 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19592350)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/JACH.58.1.26-32
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2015 Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this
record.
RECORD 678
TITLE
Potential uptake of an alcohol screening and brief intervention service in
community pharmacies: A pilot interview survey of pharmacy customers
AUTHOR NAMES
Dhital R.
Norman I.
Milligan P.
Whittlesea C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dhital R., ranjita.dhital@kcl.ac.uk; Norman I.; Milligan P.; Whittlesea C.)
King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Dhital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. Email:
ranjita.dhital@kcl.ac.uk
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (2009) 17:S2 (B76-B77). Date of
Publication: 2009
CONFERENCE NAME
British Pharmaceutical Conference 2009
CONFERENCE LOCATION
Manchester, United Kingdom
CONFERENCE DATE
2009-09-06 to 2009-09-09
ISSN
0961-7671
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press
ABSTRACT
Introduction and Objectives: There is strong evidence to support the
effectiveness of brief intervention to reduce and prevent alcohol misuse in
primary health care.([1,2]) The annual UK cost of alcohol misuse is
estimated to be approximately £25.1 billion (of which £2.7 billion is
attributed to NHS costs).([3]) An alcohol screening service in pharmacies
has potential to identify risky drinkers and trained pharmacists to provide
safe drinking advice to their customers. Currently, this service is not
available in UK community pharmacies. The aim of the study was to
investigate the potential uptake by customers for this service. Method:
Following primary care trust agreement, purposive sampling was used to
select two independent and two branches of a pharmacy multiple, all with
private consultation rooms. Ethics approval was gained from King's College
London. Participant information leaflets were left at the pharmacy before
the study. Over the 3-month period (from September to November 2009), the
researcher spent a total of 12 days recruiting pharmacy customers from the
four selected pharmacies. During this period, customers who approached the
pharmacy counter were invited to participate, and as many as feasible were
interviewed. Following piloting, the interview schedule was used to record
customers' responses to the potential alcohol screening service and their
personal characteristics (age, gender, occupation, education and frequency
of pharmacy visits). The validated three-item screening tool, Alcohol Use
Disorder Identification TestConsumption (AUDIT-C), was incorporated to
identify safe and risky drinkers.([4]) Quantitative data were analysed using
SPSS. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Open questions were
coded and framework analysis undertaken. Results and Discussion: Of the 237
customers (88 men) approached, 102 (43%) agreed to be interviewed (39 men).
Of these, 98 completed the AUDIT-C, with 51 (52%) identified as risky
drinkers. Those with AUDIT-C scores ≥3 (women) and ≥4 (men) were classified
as risky drinkers. The mean AUDIT-C scores for all customers (men = 4.4 ±
3.5; women = 3.0 ± 2.6, t-est P = 0.031) were outside these safe alcohol use
limits. Most customers indicated a willingness to participate in the
following aspects of the service: complete drinking diary (n = 95,94%),
accept written information on safe alcohol use (n = 99, 98%), discuss their
drinking with the pharmacist (n = 97, 96%) and attend follow-up appointments
(n = 88, 87%). AUDIT-C score was not significantly associated with
willingness to participate in the service or recommend it to others.
Customers reported the following positive characteristics about the
potential service: friendly/informal environment, no appointment necessary,
reliable information source, nonjudgemental, voluntary and confidential
service. Negative aspects reported were lack of time (for pharmacist and
customer), consumer/retail environment, difficulty communicating with
pharmacist, inappropriate role (more appropriate for general practitioner)
and lack of privacy. In this study, risky drinkers were either more frequent
or less frequent visitors to pharmacies than nonrisky drinkers (x(2), P =
0.021). Participants in professional occupations and those unemployed were
significantly more likely to be risky drinkers than those in nonprofessional
jobs or who had retired (x(2), P = 0.015). Conclusion The findings of this
study suggest a higher proportion of risky drinkers among pharmacy customers
(n = 51, 52%) compared to the estimated incidence within the English
population (25%).([3]) The findings also indicate that regardless of their
drinking status, most customers were interested in using a pharmacy-based
alcohol service. However, these findings would have to be verified in a
larger scale study with a representative sample of pharmacy customers.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
interview
pharmacy
screening
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
college
consultation
drinking
education
environment
ethics
female
follow up
gender
general practitioner
medical audit
occupation
pharmacist
population
primary health care
primary medical care
privacy
sampling
statistical significance
United Kingdom
work
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 679
TITLE
Can medical students identify recreational drugs by name?
AUTHOR NAMES
Dargan P.I.
Bishop C.R.
Chahal C.A.A.
Jones A.L.
Wood D.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dargan P.I.; Bishop C.R.; Wood D.M., david.wood@gstt.nhs.uk) Guy's and St
Thomas' Poisons Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Avonley
Road, London SE14 5ER, United Kingdom.
(Chahal C.A.A.) The School of Medicine, King's College London, Bessemer, AL,
United States.
(Jones A.L.) School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle,
Callaghan Drive, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.
(Wood D.M., david.wood@gstt.nhs.uk) Guy's and St Thomas' Poisons Unit,
Avonley Road, London SE14 5ER, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.M. Wood, Guy's and St Thomas' Poisons Unit, Avonley Road, London SE14 5ER,
United Kingdom. Email: david.wood@gstt.nhs.uk
SOURCE
QJM (2008) 101:12 (979-982). Date of Publication: 2008
ISSN
1460-2725
1460-2393 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background: Recreational drug toxicity is a common reason for presentation
to the Emergency Department. Knowledge of recreational drug names is
important to allow targeted assessment of patients presenting with
recreational drug toxicity. Aims: To assess final year medical student
knowledge of proper and street names for recreational drugs. Design:
Questionnaire survey of final year medical students attending a revision
lecture. Methods: There were two questionnaires used in this study. The
first contained either proper names of recreational drugs or names sounding
similar to recreational drugs or licensed pharmaceutical products; students
were asked to identify which of these were recreational drugs. The second
contained street names of recreational drugs and the students were asked to
identify which recreational drug the street name referred to. Results: One
hundred and thirty-five students completed the questionnaire 1. The mean
total score (±SD) of correct answers was 7.15 ± 2.26 (range 2-13) out of a
maximum of 15. One hundred and fifteen students completed questionnaire 2.
The mean total score (±SD) of correctly identified street names was 11.0 ±
2.6 (range 0-17) out of a maximum of 24. No individual student was able to
correctly identify all the street names for the recreational drugs listed in
the survey. Conclusions: We have shown that final year medical students have
variable knowledge of both the proper and street names of recreational
drugs. There is a need for improved education of medical students in the
names of recreational drugs and the sources of information available to
assist them in identifying what drugs an individual has taken. © The Author
2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of
Physicians. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
recreational drug (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
1 benzylpiperazine derivative (drug toxicity)
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug toxicity)
4 aminobutyric acid
benzocaine (drug toxicity)
benzyl benzoate (drug toxicity)
cocaine (drug toxicity)
gamma butyrolactone (drug toxicity)
ketamine (drug toxicity)
ketotifen (drug toxicity)
lysergide (drug toxicity)
methamphetamine (drug toxicity)
methenamine (drug toxicity)
ubiquinone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
access to information
adult
article
controlled study
drug abuse
female
human
male
medical education
normal human
priority journal
professional knowledge
questionnaire
scoring system
student attitude
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
4 aminobutyric acid (28805-76-7, 56-12-2)
benzocaine (1333-08-0, 94-09-7)
benzyl benzoate (120-51-4, 8022-66-0)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
gamma butyrolactone (96-48-0)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
ketotifen (34580-13-7)
lysergide (50-37-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
methenamine (100-97-0, 24360-05-2)
ubiquinone (1339-63-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008570542
MEDLINE PMID
18786980 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18786980)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcn110
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 680
TITLE
Patterns of abuse among unintentional pharmaceutical overdose fatalities
AUTHOR NAMES
Hall A.J.
Logan J.E.
Toblin R.L.
Kaplan J.A.
Kraner J.C.
Bixler D.
Crosby A.E.
Paulozzi L.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hall A.J., ajhall@cdc.gov; Logan J.E.; Toblin R.L.) Epidemic Intelligence
Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United
States.
(Logan J.E.; Toblin R.L.; Crosby A.E.; Paulozzi L.J.) National Center for
Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Atlanta, GA, United States.
(Hall A.J., ajhall@cdc.gov; Bixler D.) Division of Surveillance and Disease
Control, West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources, Charleston,
VA, United States.
(Kaplan J.A.; Kraner J.C.) Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, West
Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources, Charleston, VA, United
States.
(Hall A.J., ajhall@cdc.gov) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
Mailstop A-47, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. J. Hall, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop A-47, 1600
Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States. Email: ajhall@cdc.gov
SOURCE
JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association (2008) 300:22
(2613-2620). Date of Publication: 10 Dec 2008
ISSN
0098-7484
1538-3598 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Medical Association, 515 North State Street, Chicago, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Context: Use and abuse of prescription narcotic analgesics have increased
dramatically in the United States since 1990. The effect of this
pharmacoepidemic has been most pronounced in rural states, including West
Virginia, which experienced the nation's largest increase in drug overdose
mortality rates during 1999-2004. Objective: To evaluate the risk
characteristics of persons dying of unintentional pharmaceutical overdose in
West Virginia, the types of drugs involved, and the role of drug abuse in
the deaths. Design, Setting, and Participants: Population-based,
observational study using data from medical examiner, prescription drug
monitoring program, and opiate treatment program records. The study
population was all state residents who died of unintentional pharmaceutical
overdoses in West Virginia in 2006. Main Outcome Measures: Rates and rate
ratios for selected demographic variables. Prevalence of specific drugs
among decedents and proportion that had been prescribed to decedents.
Associations between demographics and substance abuse indicators and
evidence of pharmaceutical diversion, defined as a death involving a
prescription drug without a documented prescription and having received
prescriptions for controlled substances from 5 or more clinicians during the
year prior to death (ie, doctor shopping). Results: Of 295 decedents, 198
(67.1%) were men and 271 (91.9%) were aged 18 through 54 years.
Pharmaceutical diversion was associated with 186 (63.1%) deaths, while 63
(21.4%) were accompanied by evidence of doctor shopping. Prevalence of
diversion was greatest among decedents aged 18 through 24 years and
decreased across each successive age group. Having prescriptions for a
controlled substance from 5 or more clinicians in the year prior to death
was more common among women (30 [30.9%]) and decedents aged 35 through 44
years (23 [30.7%]) compared with men (33 [16.7%]) and other age groups (40
[18.2%]). Substance abuse indicators were identified in 279 decedents
(94.6%), with nonmedical routes of exposure and illicit contributory drugs
particularly prevalent among drug diverters. Multiple contributory
substances were implicated in 234 deaths (79.3%). Opioid analgesics were
taken by 275 decedents (93.2%), of whom only 122 (44.4%) had ever been
prescribed these drugs. Conclusion: The majority of overdose deaths in West
Virginia in 2006 were associated with nonmedical use and diversion of
pharmaceuticals, primarily opioid analgesics. ©2008 American Medical
Association. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam (drug toxicity)
amfebutamone (drug toxicity)
amitriptyline (drug toxicity)
chlordiazepoxide (drug toxicity)
citalopram (drug toxicity)
clonazepam (drug toxicity)
cocaine (drug toxicity)
codeine (drug toxicity)
desipramine (drug toxicity)
dextropropoxyphene (drug toxicity)
diamorphine (drug toxicity)
diazepam (drug toxicity)
dihydrocodeine (drug toxicity)
doxepin (drug toxicity)
fentanyl (drug toxicity)
fluoxetine (drug toxicity)
hydrocodone (drug toxicity)
hydromorphone (drug toxicity)
methadone (drug toxicity)
methamphetamine (drug toxicity)
morphine (drug toxicity)
oxycodone (drug toxicity)
paroxetine (drug toxicity)
pethidine (drug toxicity)
phenytoin (drug toxicity)
sertraline (drug toxicity)
temazepam (drug toxicity)
tramadol (drug toxicity)
trazodone (drug toxicity)
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse pattern
drug fatality (epidemiology)
drug overdose (epidemiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age distribution
aged
article
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical record review
observational study
prescription
prevalence
priority journal
risk assessment
sex ratio
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
dihydrocodeine (125-28-0, 24204-13-5, 5965-13-9)
doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
temazepam (846-50-4)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008592316
MEDLINE PMID
19066381 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19066381)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.802
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 681
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care in an inpatient pediatric hematopoietic stem cell
transplant service
AUTHOR NAMES
Prot-Labarthe S.
Therrien R.
Demanche C.
Larocque D.
Bussières J.-F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Prot-Labarthe S.; Bussières J.-F., jf.bussieres@ssss.gouv.qc.ca) Unité de
Recherche en Pratique Pharmaceutique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire(CHU)
Sainte Justine, 3175 chemin de la côte, Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T
1C5, Canada.
(Prot-Labarthe S.; Therrien R.; Demanche C.; Larocque D.; Bussières J.-F.,
jf.bussieres@ssss.gouv.qc.ca) Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire(CHU) Sainte Justine, 3175 chemin de la côte, Sainte Catherine,
Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.-F. Bussières, Unité de Recherche en Pratique Pharmaceutique (URPP),
Pharmacy Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, 3175
chemin de la côte, Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada. Email:
jf.bussieres@ssss.gouv.qc.ca
SOURCE
Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice (2008) 14:3 (147-152). Date of
Publication: 2008
ISSN
1078-1552
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Ltd, 55 City Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients represent a
population at high risk for drug-related problems. Our objective is to
describe pharmacist interventions in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant
pediatric unit. Methods and Patients. The Hematopoietic StemCell Transplant
Unit of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine performs around
50 hematopoietic stem cell transplants per year. During a pharmaceutical
care specialized residency program, a French pharmacist participated in
certain clinical activities. Drug-related problems and clinical
interventions were compiled over 31 nonconsecutive days using a tool
developed by the Société Française de Pharmacie Clinique. Data concerning
patients, drugs, intervention, documentation, approval (if needed), and
estimated impact were compiled. Results. During the 31-day period, 525
interventions were collected (16.9 ± 3.7 per day), targeting 29 patients.
The main drug-related problems were adverse drug reactions (N = 125, 23.8%),
untreated indication (N = 92, 17.5%) and failure to receive drug (N = 89,
17.0%). The pharmacist's interventions concerned mainly dose adjustment (N =
174, 33.1%) and drug monitoring (N = 132, 25.1%). Among the 324 (61.7%)
interventions requiring a physician's approval, 302 (93.2%) were accepted
without any change. Conclusion. A pharmacist is able to perform clinically
relevant interventions in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant unit, given
the complexity of the pharmacotherapy. Our description of drug-related
problems and interventions may help other pharmacists already working or
developing pharmaceutical care in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant unit
to compare their practice and it is one of the few reported in the
literature. © 2008 SAGE Publications.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
busulfan (drug combination, drug therapy)
carboplatin (drug combination, drug therapy)
carmustine (drug combination, drug therapy)
cyclophosphamide (drug combination, drug therapy)
cyclosporin
cytarabine (drug combination, drug therapy)
etoposide (drug combination, drug therapy)
fludarabine (drug combination, drug therapy)
magnesium
melphalan (drug combination, drug therapy)
ondansetron
thymocyte antibody (drug combination, drug therapy)
tobramycin
vancomycin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health service
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (drug therapy, radiotherapy, therapy)
adolescent
article
child
clinical article
clinical protocol
drug monitoring
Ewing sarcoma (drug therapy, radiotherapy, therapy)
female
Hodgkin disease (drug therapy, radiotherapy, therapy)
hospital patient
human
leukemia (drug therapy, radiotherapy, therapy)
male
medical documentation
pediatrics
pharmacist attitude
priority journal
whole body radiation
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
busulfan (55-98-1)
carboplatin (41575-94-4)
carmustine (154-93-8)
cyclophosphamide (50-18-0)
cyclosporin (79217-60-0)
cytarabine (147-94-4, 69-74-9)
etoposide (33419-42-0)
fludarabine (21679-14-1)
magnesium (7439-95-4)
melphalan (148-82-3)
ondansetron (103639-04-9, 116002-70-1, 99614-01-4)
tobramycin (32986-56-4)
vancomycin (1404-90-6, 1404-93-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Cancer (16)
Hematology (25)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009108727
MEDLINE PMID
18719069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18719069)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155208093929
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 682
TITLE
Equipping pharmacy undergraduates to deal with life on the jubilee line !
AUTHOR NAMES
Cairns C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cairns C.)
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2008) 281:7530 (641). Date of Publication: 29 Nov
2008
ISSN
0031-6873
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmaceutical Press, 1 Lambeth High Street, London, United Kingdom.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
paramedical education
pharmacy
professional practice
public health service
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
career
community care
conference paper
continuing education
cultural anthropology
drug industry
drug misuse
education program
financial management
health care quality
health promotion
job performance
learning style
medical ethics
medical society
patient care
personal experience
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
pharmacy student
problem solving
professional competence
professional development
professional standard
professionalism
quality of life
registration
sexual education
skill
smoking cessation program
student attitude
United Kingdom
workplace
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008593513
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 683
TITLE
Exacerbation of psychosis: A case of possible varenicline-mediated effects
in an intellectually disabled adult
AUTHOR NAMES
Brahm N.C.
Fast G.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brahm N.C., nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu) Department of Pharmacy, Clinical and
Administrative Sciences, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, 4502 E.
41st Street, Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States.
(Fast G.A.) Outpatient Psychiatry, Wichita, KS, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.C. Brahm, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, 4502 E. 41st Street,
Tulsa, OK 74135-2512, United States. Email: nancy-brahm@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses (2008) 2:3 (259-261). Date of
Publication: October 2008
ISSN
1935-1232
BOOK PUBLISHER
Walsh Medical Media, LLC, P.O. Box 193, Montvale, NJ 07645, United States.
ABSTRACT
Varenicline represents a new agent available to aid smoking cessation. A
twenty-five year old, white male with diagnoses of Psychosis Not Otherwise
Specified, Antisocial Personality Disorder, nicotine dependence, and mild
mental retardation with food obsession, paranoia, and a seizure disorder,
was well controlled with a regimen of ziprasidone and haloperidol for
paranoia and psychosis, escitalopram for obsessiveness, and carbamazepine
for seizures. He became increasingly paranoid following the addition of
varenicline for smoking cessation. An increase in ziprasidone resolved
paranoid symptoms. Concurrent use of ziprasidone, haloperidol and
carbamazepine may have provided more psychiatric stability in this patient.
There may exist a subset of patients for whom use of varenicline may
increase the risk of breakthrough psychosis or mania. This case report was
accepted for a poster presentation at the 2008 College of Psychiatric &
Neurologic Pharmacists Annual Meeting, April 13-16, 2008, Scottsdale, AZ.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
varenicline (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
carbamazepine (drug therapy)
escitalopram (drug therapy)
haloperidol (drug therapy)
ziprasidone (drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
intellectual impairment
psychosis (side effect, diagnosis, drug therapy, side effect, therapy)
tobacco dependence (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aggression
article
auditory hallucination (side effect)
behavior disorder (side effect)
behavior therapy
case report
depression (drug therapy)
drug dose increase
drug dose titration
drug withdrawal
health care facility
human
long term care
male
mental deficiency (drug therapy)
morning dosage
obsessive compulsive disorder (drug therapy)
paranoia (drug therapy, side effect)
patient attitude
patient compliance
seizure (drug therapy)
side effect (side effect)
smoking cessation
verbal hostility
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5)
ziprasidone (118289-78-4, 122883-93-6, 138982-67-9, 199191-69-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008509747
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3371/CSRP.2.3.7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 684
TITLE
Community pharmacists' attitudes towards mental illness and providing
pharmaceutical care for mentally ill patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Al-Arifi M.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Al-Arifi M.N., malarifi@ksu.edu.sa) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
(Al-Arifi M.N., malarifi@ksu.edu.sa) Drug and Poison Information Center,
College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. N. Al-Arifi, Drug and Poison Information Center, College of Pharmacy,
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Email: malarifi@ksu.edu.sa
SOURCE
Neurosciences (2008) 13:4 (412-420). Date of Publication: October 2008
ISSN
1319-6138
BOOK PUBLISHER
Saudi Arabian Armed Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To examine the attitudes of community pharmacist to both mental
illness and provision of pharmaceutical care. Methods: The study was
conducted from May 2006 to September 2006 in College of Pharmacy, King Saud
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The survey composed of the demographic
characteristics of the respondents, who were asked 6 Likert type questions
on the attitudes of the pharmacists toward mental illness, providing
pharmaceutical care to mentally ill patients, the barriers of the provision
of the service and differentiation between different types of mental
illness. Results: Forty-three pharmacists participated in the study.
Eighty-eight percent of the pharmacists felt that mental illness was the
same as other illnesses. Sixty-six percent of the respondents "strongly
agree," or "agree" that mentally ill patients were easily recognizable.
Thirty-three percent of the respondents "disagree," or "strongly disagree"
that mentally ill patients have no ability to tell right from wrong. In
general, 43.3-87.7% of respondents are being "much more" or "more"
interested, comfortable, and confident to perform pharmaceutical care to
mentally ill patients. An average range of 30-67% of respondents felt
neutral, or "much more" or "more" comfortable, confident for screening and
solving drug-related problems, and compliance with drug therapy. Barriers
that limit the provision of pharmaceutical care to the mentally ill patients
include the lack of training in pharmaceutical care practice (88.4%), lack
of therapeutic knowledge (83.7%), lack of documentation skill (79%), lack of
communication (76.8%), lack of space for counseling (76.7%), insufficient
time (74.5%) and lack of staff (72.1%). Conclusion: Although pharmacists
have positive attitudes to both mental illness and providing pharmaceutical
care to mentally ill patients, they felt uncomfortable counseling or
carrying out follow-up monitoring of patients for adverse drug-related
problems.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
mental disease
pharmacist attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical practice
pharmaceutical care
questionnaire
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Arabic
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008523458
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 685
TITLE
Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of
Dementia (BPSD) in Nursing Homes: Development of Practice Recommendations in
a Swiss Canton (DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2008.04.003)
AUTHOR NAMES
Locca J.-F.
Büla C.J.
Zumbach S.
Bugnon O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Locca J.-F.; Bugnon O., Olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch) Universities of Lausanne
and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU,
Lausanne, Switzerland.
(Büla C.J.) Service of Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Rehabilitation,
Department of Medicine, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
(Zumbach S.) Service of Psychogeriatric Medicine, Psychiatric Hospital,
Marsens, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Bugnon, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice
Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland. Email:
Olivier.bugnon@hospvd.ch
SOURCE
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2008) 9:8
(611-611.e10). Date of Publication: October 2008
ISSN
1525-8610
1538-9375 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: In 2002, the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, implemented a
coordinated pharmaceutical care service in nursing homes to promote rational
drug use. In the context of this service, a project was conducted to develop
recommendations for the pharmacological management of behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing home residents. Design
and Methods: Selected evidence-based guidelines and meta-analysis sources
related to the management of depression, insomnia, and agitation in dementia
patients were systematically searched and evaluated. Evidence and
controversies regarding the pharmacological treatment of the most common
BPSD symptoms were reviewed, and treatment algorithms were developed.
Results: Ten evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses for BPSD management
were identified, with none specifically addressing issues related to nursing
home residents. Based on this literature, recommendations were developed for
the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep
disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. For depression, SSRIs
are considered the first choice if an antidepressant is required. No clear
evidence has been found for sleep disturbances; the underlying conditions
need to be investigated closely before the introduction of any drug therapy.
Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of agitation, and if
necessary, antipsychotics could be used, although they have significant side
effects. Several areas of uncertainty were identified, such as the current
controversy about typical and atypical antipsychotic use or the
appropriateness of cholinesterase inhibitors for controlling agitation.
Treatment algorithms were presented to general practitioners, pharmacists,
and medical directors of nursing homes in the canton of Fribourg, and will
now be implemented progressively, using educational sessions, pharmaceutical
counseling, and monitoring. Conclusion: Based on existing evidence-based
studies, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological
management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home
residents. It should be further studied whether these algorithms implemented
through pharmaceutical care services will improve psychotropic drug
prescriptions and prevent drug-related problems in nursing home residents. ©
2008 American Medical Directors Association.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
aripiprazole (drug therapy)
atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug
therapy)
cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy)
citalopram (drug therapy)
clomipramine (drug therapy)
diazepam (drug therapy)
etoperidone (drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
imipramine (drug therapy)
loxapine (drug therapy)
maprotiline (drug therapy)
melatonin (drug therapy)
moclobemide (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy)
olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy)
placebo
psychotropic agent (drug therapy)
quetiapine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
risperidone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
tiotixene (drug therapy)
trazodone (drug therapy)
unindexed drug
valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
venlafaxine (drug therapy)
zuclopenthixol (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
behavior disorder (drug therapy)
dementia (drug therapy)
mental disease (drug therapy)
pharmaceutical care
practice guideline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agitation
algorithm
cerebrovascular disease (side effect)
cognitive defect (drug therapy)
delirium (side effect)
depression (drug therapy)
disease control
drug choice
drug efficacy
drug megadose
drug safety
erratum
evidence based practice
extrapyramidal syndrome (side effect)
general practitioner
human
insomnia (drug therapy)
nursing home
nursing home patient
nursing home personnel
patient counseling
patient education
patient monitoring
pharmacist
prescription
QT prolongation (side effect)
sedation
side effect (side effect)
Switzerland
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aripiprazole (129722-12-9)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1)
diazepam (439-14-5)
etoperidone (52942-31-1, 57775-22-1)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
loxapine (1977-10-2)
maprotiline (10262-69-8, 10347-81-6)
melatonin (73-31-4)
moclobemide (71320-77-9)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
risperidone (106266-06-2)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2)
tiotixene (5591-45-7)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
zuclopenthixol (53772-83-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008454239
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2008.09.001
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 686
TITLE
A guided abstinence experience to illustrate addiction recovery principles
AUTHOR NAMES
Baldwin J.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baldwin J.N., jbaldwin@unmc.edu) College of Pharmacy, University of
Nebraska Medical Center, .
(Baldwin J.N., jbaldwin@unmc.edu) 986045 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
68198-6045, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. N. Baldwin, 986045 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6045, United
States. Email: jbaldwin@unmc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2008) 72:4 Article Number: 78.
Date of Publication: 2008
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. To develop and implement an elective pharmacy course that
included a guided abstinence experience to illustrate addiction recovery
principles. Design. A 1-credit elective course to illustrate addiction
recovery principles was developed and implemented. The course required
students to give up a habit for 6 weeks that was causing them problems, meet
weekly to discuss addiction recovery processes, and relate their experiences
in a journal. Course grades were determined by class participation,
submitted worksheets, and submission of the journal and a paper concerning
their role as a pharmacist in dealing with those with addictions and in
recovery. Pre- and posttests consisting of addiction case scenarios were
used to assess students' application of course material. Assessment. Graded
course elements, pretesting and posttesting, and student course evaluations
indicated that course objectives were met. Over the past 15 years, student
enrollment has grown from approximately 10% of pharmacy classes to
approximately 50% (average 31 students). Conclusion. A guided abstinence
experience was an effective tool for teaching pharmacy students the concepts
of addiction and recovery.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
allied health education
drug dependence
drug withdrawal
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
convalescence
experience
experiential learning
human
pharmacy
pharmacy student
review
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008401292
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 687
TITLE
Yohimbine impairs extinction of cocaine-conditioned place preference in an
α(2)-adrenergic receptor independent process
AUTHOR NAMES
Davis A.R.
Shields A.D.
Brigman J.L.
Norcross M.
McElligott Z.A.
Holmes A.
Winder D.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Davis A.R.; McElligott Z.A.; Winder D.G., danny.winder@vanderbilt.edu)
Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,
TN 37232-0615, United States.
(Shields A.D.; Winder D.G., danny.winder@vanderbilt.edu) Department of
Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center,
Nashville, TN 37232-0615, United States.
(Brigman J.L.; Norcross M.; Holmes A.) Section on Behavioral Science and
Genetics, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on
Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, Rockville, MD 20852-94 11, United States.
(Winder D.G., danny.winder@vanderbilt.edu) Kennedy Center For Human
Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0615,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. G. Winder, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical
Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0615, United States. Email:
danny.winder@vanderbilt.edu
SOURCE
Learning and Memory (2008) 15:9 (667-676). Date of Publication: September
2008
ISSN
1072-0502
1549-5485 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 500 Sunnyside Boulevard, Woodbury New
York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Extinction, a form of learning that has the ability to reshape learned
behavior based on new experiences, has been heavily studied utilizing fear
learning paradigms. Mechanisms underlying extinction of positive-valence
associations, such as drug self-administration and place preference, are
poorly understood yet may have important relevance to addiction treatment.
Data suggest a major role for the noradrenergic system in extinction of
fear-based learning. Employing both pharmacological and genetic approaches,
we investigated the role of the α(2)-adrenergic receptor (α(2)-AR) in
extinction of cocaine-conditioned place preference (CPP) and glutamatergic
transmission in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). We found
that pre-extinction systemic treatment with the α(2)-AR antagonist yohimbine
impaired cocaine CPP extinction in C57BL/6J mice, an effect that was not
mimicked by the more selective α(2)-AR antagonist, atipamezole. Moreover,
α(2A)-AR knockout mice exhibited similar cocaine CPP extinction and
exacerbated extinction impairing effects of yohimbine. Using acute brain
slices and electrophysiological approaches, we found that yohimbine produces
a slowly evolving depression of glutamatergic transmission in the BNST that
was not mimicked by atipamezole. Further, this action was extant in slices
from α(2A)-AR knockout mice. Our data strongly suggest that
extinction-modifying effects of yohimbine are unlikely to be due to actions
at α(2A)-ARs. © 2008 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alpha 2 adrenergic receptor (endogenous compound)
cocaine
yohimbine (intraperitoneal drug administration, pharmacology, subcutaneous
drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alpha 2A adrenergic receptor (endogenous compound)
alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agent (pharmacology)
atipamezole (subcutaneous drug administration)
glutamic acid (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alpha adrenergic receptor blocking
drug mechanism
place preference
reinforcement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal tissue
article
association
brain electrophysiology
brain slice
cocaine dependence
controlled study
drug effect
drug self administration
fear
knockout mouse
learning
male
mouse
neurotransmission
nonhuman
noradrenergic system
priority journal
protein function
stria terminalis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
atipamezole (104054-27-5)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
glutamic acid (11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4)
yohimbine (146-48-5, 65-19-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008434039
MEDLINE PMID
18772254 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18772254)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.1079308
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 688
TITLE
Strategies for facilitating change in alcohol and other drugs (AOD)
professional practice: A systematic review of the effectiveness of reminders
and feedback
AUTHOR NAMES
Bywood P.T.
Lunnay B.
Roche A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bywood P.T., petra.bywood@flinders.edu.au; Lunnay B.; Roche A.M.) National
Centre for Education and Training on Addiction, Flinders University, SA,
Australia.
(Bywood P.T., petra.bywood@flinders.edu.au) National Centre for Education
and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, GPO Box 2100,
Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. T. Bywood, National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction
(NCETA), Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Email: petra.bywood@flinders.edu.au
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Review (2008) 27:5 (548-558). Date of Publication:
September 2008
ISSN
0959-5236
1465-3362 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Taylor and Francis Ltd., 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire,
United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
In all areas of health research, including the alcohol and other drugs (AOD)
field, funds are committed to developing and evaluating research and
resources, yet little is invested into helping potential resource users
understand, adopt and implement innovations. This study evaluated the
effectiveness of two professional practice change interventions (reminders
and feedback) that are designed to bridge the 'research-practice gap' by
increasing knowledge and changing behaviour of health-care professionals and
specialist AOD workers. We conducted a systematic review of general health,
AOD and mental health literature (1966 to March 2005). Fourteen existing
systematic reviews and 15 primary studies were assessed. Because few studies
evaluated the effectiveness of reminders and feedback in the AOD context,
evidence is drawn largely from the general health-care literature. Use of
reminders and feedback is supported for a range of health behaviours.
AOD-specific clinical behaviours that are most likely to be improved with
the use of reminders or feedback include pharmacotherapy prescribing, AOD
education, screening and counselling and monitoring/management of AOD
treatment and/or related problems (e.g. depression). Reminders and feedback
are effective strategies to facilitate professional practice change and have
potential in the AOD field. However, further well-designed empirical studies
are needed to assess fully the effectiveness of these professional practice
change strategies in AOD-specific contexts. © Australasian Professional
Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adaptive behavior
addiction
clinical practice
outcome assessment
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
health care personnel
health services research
human
medical audit
review
standard
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
18696301 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18696301)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230802245535
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 689
TITLE
A guided abstinence experience to illustrate addiction recovery principles.
AUTHOR NAMES
Baldwin J.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baldwin J.N.) College of Pharmacy, The University of Nebraska Medical
Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6045, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.N. Baldwin, College of Pharmacy, The University of Nebraska Medical
Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6045, USA. Email: jbaldwin@unmc.edu
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2008) 72:4 (78). Date of
Publication: 15 Aug 2008
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To develop and implement an elective pharmacy course that
included a guided abstinence experience to illustrate addiction recovery
principles. DESIGN: A 1-credit elective course to illustrate addiction
recovery principles was developed and implemented. The course required
students to give up a habit for 6 weeks that was causing them problems, meet
weekly to discuss addiction recovery processes, and relate their experiences
in a journal. Course grades were determined by class participation,
submitted worksheets, and submission of the journal and a paper concerning
their role as a pharmacist in dealing with those with addictions and in
recovery. Pre- and posttests consisting of addiction case scenarios were
used to assess students' application of course material. ASSESSMENT: Graded
course elements, pretesting and posttesting, and student course evaluations
indicated that course objectives were met. Over the past 15 years, student
enrollment has grown from approximately 10% of pharmacy classes to
approximately 50% (average 31 students). CONCLUSION: A guided abstinence
experience was an effective tool for teaching pharmacy students the concepts
of addiction and recovery.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (therapy)
education
habit
pharmacy student
problem based learning
withdrawal syndrome (therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
counseling
curriculum
health care quality
health personnel attitude
human
methodology
perception
program development
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
19002278 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19002278)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 690
TITLE
A tool to teach communication skills to pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Hasan S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hasan S., shasan@sharjah.ac.ae) College of Pharmacy, Sharjah University,
United Arab Emirates.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Hasan, College of Pharmacy, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates.
Email: shasan@sharjah.ac.ae
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2008) 72:3 Article Number: 67.
Date of Publication: 2008
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To develop a tool to teach pharmacy students assertive
communication skills to use when talking with physicians over the telephone.
Design. As an assignment for their Communication Skills and Counseling
course, students were asked to write a script involving a patient care issue
or problem covering 3 different communication styles that could be used when
contacting a prescriber by telephone: passive, aggressive, and assertive.
Students worked in groups to write and act out the scripts for the class.
Assessment. Eight scripts were developed by students and rated by peers and
faculty members. The script that received the highest ratings was used in
the development of a multimedia educational CD. Conclusion. The development
of hypothetical scripts describing a drug therapy problem and illustrating
the types of interactions between physicians and pharmacists while
discussing the problem allowed pharmacy students to explore different
communication techniques and improve their communication skills.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
communication skill
paramedical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
patient care
pharmacy student
verbal communication
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008324458
MEDLINE PMID
18698394 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18698394)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 691
TITLE
Evaluation of different methods of providing medication-related education to
patients following myocardial infarction
AUTHOR NAMES
Polack J.
Jorgenson D.
Robertson P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Polack J., Jolene.Polack@saskatoonhealthregion.ca; Jorgenson D.; Robertson
P.) Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Saskatoon Health Region,
Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Polack, Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Saskatoon Health Region,
Saskatoon, SK, Canada. Email: Jolene.Polack@saskatoonhealthregion.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2008) 141:4 (241-247). Date of Publication:
July/August 2008
ISSN
1715-1635
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Pharmacists Association, 1785 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa, Canada.
ABSTRACT
Background: Patient education is one method used to improve the utilization
of post-myocardial infarction (MI) medications, but there is limited
evidence on how best to provide this education. Objective: To determine if
an education session provided by a pharmacist in the community to post-MI
patients soon after hospital discharge is more effective than a
pre-discharge education session provided by a pharmacist or a nurse.
Methods: This was a randomized, controlled trial. Patients hospitalized with
an MI were randomized to receive usual care (nurse-led pre-discharge
education), hospital pharmacist pre-discharge medication education, or
medication education from a pharmacist 1 to 2 weeks after discharge. A
survey was conducted to assess the primary endpoints of medication adherence
and knowledge retention. As a secondary endpoint, drug-related problems were
identified in the post-discharge pharmacist education group. Results: A
total of 14 patients were included in the final analyses. Although there was
no difference in medication adherence between groups as measured using the
Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire or the Morisky Self-Reported
Medication-Taking Scale, the post-discharge pharmacist education group
scored significantly better on 2 out of 3 measures of knowledge retention (p
< 0.001). A mean of 2.75 drug-related problems per patient were identified
by the pharmacist during the education session provided in the
post-discharge group. Conclusion: Despite a limited sample size, our results
suggest that providing pharmacist-led post-MI medication education in a
community setting after hospital discharge may improve medication knowledge
and adherence while providing an opportunity to identify a number of
drug-related problems. Additional research is necessary to confirm these
results in a larger sample before practice change is warranted.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antithrombocytic agent (drug therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug therapy)
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug information
heart infarction (drug therapy, therapy)
patient education
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
clinical article
clinical trial
community care
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
drug safety
female
health education
human
intermethod comparison
male
nursing care
patient attitude
patient care
pharmacist attitude
randomized controlled trial
recall
review
treatment response
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008517350
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701X(2008)141[241:EODMOP]2.0.CO;2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 692
TITLE
Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of
Dementia (BPSD) in Nursing Homes: Development of Practice Recommendations in
a Swiss Canton
AUTHOR NAMES
Locca J.-F.
Büla C.J.
Zumbach S.
Bugnon O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Locca J.-F.; Büla C.J.; Zumbach S.; Bugnon O., Oliver.bugnon@hospvd.ch)
Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy Practice Research
Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.-F. Locca, Universities of Lausanne and Geneva, Community Pharmacy
Practice Research Unit, Pharmacie de la PMU, Lausanne, Switzerland.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2008) 9:6 (439-448).
Date of Publication: July 2008
ISSN
1525-8610
1538-9375 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: In 2002, the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, implemented a
coordinated pharmaceutical care service in nursing homes to promote rational
drug use. In the context of this service, a project was conducted to develop
recommendations for the pharmacological management of behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing home residents. Design
and Methods: Selected evidence-based guidelines and meta-analysis sources
related to the management of depression, insomnia, and agitation in dementia
patients were systematically searched and evaluated. Evidence and
controversies regarding the pharmacological treatment of the most common
BPSD symptoms were reviewed, and treatment algorithms were developed.
Results: Ten evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses for BPSD management
were identified, with none specifically addressing issues related to nursing
home residents. Based on this literature, recommendations were developed for
the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep
disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. For depression, SSRIs
are considered the first choice if an antidepressant is required. No clear
evidence has been found for sleep disturbances; the underlying conditions
need to be investigated closely before the introduction of any drug therapy.
Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of agitation, and if
necessary, antipsychotics could be used, although they have significant side
effects. Several areas of uncertainty were identified, such as the current
controversy about typical and atypical antipsychotic use or the
appropriateness of cholinesterase inhibitors for controlling agitation.
Treatment algorithms were presented to general practitioners, pharmacists,
and medical directors of nursing homes in the canton of Fribourg, and will
now be implemented progressively, using educational sessions, pharmaceutical
counseling, and monitoring. Conclusion: Based on existing evidence-based
studies, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological
management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home
residents. It should be further studied whether these algorithms implemented
through pharmaceutical care services will improve psychotropic drug
prescriptions and prevent drug-related problems in nursing home residents. ©
2008 American Medical Directors Association.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aripiprazole (drug therapy)
atypical antipsychotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug
therapy)
cholinesterase inhibitor (drug therapy)
citalopram (drug therapy)
clomethiazole (drug comparison, drug therapy)
clomipramine (drug therapy)
diazepam (drug therapy)
etoperidone (drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
haloperidol (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug
therapy)
loxapine (drug therapy)
maprotiline (drug therapy)
melatonin (drug therapy)
memantine (drug therapy)
moclobemide (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy)
olanzapine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
psychotropic agent (drug therapy)
quetiapine (drug therapy)
risperidone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
thioridazine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy)
tiotixene (drug therapy)
trazodone (drug therapy)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
unindexed drug
valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
venlafaxine (drug therapy)
zuclopenthixol (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
behavior disorder (drug therapy)
dementia (drug therapy, therapy)
mental disease (drug therapy)
practice guideline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
administrative personnel
agitation
algorithm
article
cerebrovascular disease (side effect)
counseling
depression (drug therapy)
disease control
drug choice
drug efficacy
drug megadose
drug monitoring
drug safety
drug withdrawal
evidence based medicine
extrapyramidal symptom (side effect)
general practitioner
human
insomnia (drug therapy)
medical education
nursing home
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
physical activity
prescription
QT prolongation (side effect)
sedation
side effect (side effect)
Switzerland
symptom
unspecified side effect (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aripiprazole (129722-12-9)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clomethiazole (1867-58-9, 533-45-9)
clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1)
diazepam (439-14-5)
etoperidone (52942-31-1, 57775-22-1)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
loxapine (1977-10-2)
maprotiline (10262-69-8, 10347-81-6)
melatonin (73-31-4)
memantine (19982-08-2, 41100-52-1)
moclobemide (71320-77-9)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
risperidone (106266-06-2)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2)
tiotixene (5591-45-7)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
zuclopenthixol (53772-83-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008298064
MEDLINE PMID
18585647 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18585647)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2008.04.003
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 693
TITLE
Public awareness of the abuse of herbs and drugs to decrease body weight: A
novel national survey in Jordan
AUTHOR NAMES
Al-Safi S.A.
Ayoub N.M.
Ayoub A.M.
Al-Momany E.
Al-Doghim I.
Al-Balas M.
Alkofahi A.S.
Aboul-Enein F.H.
Aboul-Enein B.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Al-Safi S.A.; Ayoub N.M.; Ayoub A.M.; Al-Momany E.) Department of Clinical
Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology,
P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
(Alkofahi A.S.) Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030,
Irbid 22110, Jordan.
(Al-Doghim I.) King Hussein Medical City, Amman, Jordan.
(Al-Balas M.) Pharm D Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Aboul-Enein F.H., faboulenein@mail.twu.edu) Texas Woman's University,
College of Nursing, 6700 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
(Aboul-Enein B.H.) Department of Dietetic Technology, San Jacinto College,
8060 Spencer Highway, Pasadena, TX 77505, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. H. Aboul-Enein, Texas Woman's University, College of Nursing, 6700
Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Email: faboulenein@mail.twu.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Public Health (2008) 16:3 (205-213). Date of Publication: June
2008
ISSN
0943-1853
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to measure the degree of
public preferences regarding the various weight-loss practices and to assess
the level of awareness regarding the risks and health hazards associated
with the application of unhealthful measures to lose weight. Methods:
Approximately 30,000 individuals selected from various regions in Jordan
filled in a self-reported questionnaire. Participants were interviewed by
well-trained senior pharmacy students and were asked to report their
response to various aspects regarding body weight-loss practices. Results:
Of the respondents, 74.55% agreed that dietary restriction is the major
intervention to lose weight. A modest majority of respondents (39.09%)
believed that nervousness and irritability are serious drawbacks for
uncontrolled administration of the hormone thyroxine. The highest percentage
of responding females (67.12%) reported diarrhea as a major adverse effect
to laxative abuse. Discussion: The availability and the number of adverse
events associated with herbal and dietary supplements to lose weight are on
the rise. Obese patients should consider realistic expectations and be
encouraged to follow healthy lifestyle interventions. Health care
professionals are best suited to educate obese patients about unhealthy
practices like laxative and diuretic abuse. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiobesity agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
central stimulant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
ephedrine (drug therapy)
herbaceous agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
laxative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
thyroxine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
obesity (drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
body weight
brain damage (side effect)
cardiovascular disease (side effect)
controlled study
diarrhea (side effect)
diet restriction
drug dependence (side effect)
drug preference
female
gastrointestinal disease (side effect)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
headache (side effect)
health hazard
health survey
herb
human
hypotension (side effect)
interview
irritability
kidney failure (side effect)
major clinical study
male
nervousness
pharmacy student
potassium deficiency (side effect)
questionnaire
risk factor
self report
sex ratio
side effect (side effect)
substance abuse
tremor (side effect)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
vertigo (side effect)
vitamin deficiency (side effect)
weight reduction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
ephedrine (299-42-3, 50-98-6)
thyroxine (7488-70-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Endocrinology (3)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008248464
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-007-0166-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 694
TITLE
Evaluation of scopolamine patch pharmacotherapy for motion sickness in S.
Korean
AUTHOR NAMES
Lim S.C.
Lee M.K.
Lee C.K.
Lee B.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lim S.C., slim@chungbuk.ac.kr; Lee M.K.; Lee C.K.; Lee B.R.) College of
Pharmacy, CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, 410 Sungbong-ro,
Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, South Korea.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. C. Lim, College of Pharmacy, CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, 410
Sungbong-ro, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, South Korea. Email:
slim@chungbuk.ac.kr
SOURCE
Biomolecules and Therapeutics (2008) 16:2 (161-167). Date of Publication:
June 2008
ISSN
1976-9148
BOOK PUBLISHER
Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology, 635-4 Yeoksam-Dong, Kangnam-Ku
Seoul, South Korea.
ABSTRACT
Scopolamine patch is an effective anticholinergic and antiemetic agent for
motion sickness in S. Korea. Since this medication is Over The Counter (OTC)
medication and may cause serious side effects when misused. Therefore, we
evaluate the safety and efficacy for scopolamine patch in this study. We
selected and surveyed total 43 patients who purchased scopolamine patch from
three different pharmacies located at S and C Express Bus terminals and P
Port at Seoul, Cheongju, and Busan. In the result, 11 patients (8-15 year
old: 25.6%) were correctly used scopolamine patch with a children dose and 2
patients were misused. 26 (15-60 year old: 60.4%) and 4 (over 6o year old:
9.3%) patients were correctly used with a adult dose. 33 patients (69.9%)
answered that they knew the directions well how to use scopolamine patch
correctly. Only 24.2% (n=8) patients learned the directions by pharmacist's
consultation. Most patients (45 frequencies with duplicate counts) had some
experienced side effects and among those drowsiness is the most common one.
In conclusion, scopolamine patch as a non-prescription drug (OTC) should be
monitored by pharmacist with correct drug consultation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
scopolamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, transdermal drug
administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
motion sickness (drug therapy, side effect, drug therapy, prevention, side
effect)
patient attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
anxiety
article
child
clinical article
consultation
drowsiness (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug hypersensitivity (side effect)
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug misuse
drug safety
dry eye (side effect)
dysuria (side effect)
female
hearing impairment (side effect)
human
male
mydriasis (side effect)
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
school child
side effect (side effect)
South Korea
walking difficulty (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
scopolamine (138-12-5, 51-34-3, 55-16-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Otorhinolaryngology (11)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009465153
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 695
TITLE
Interventions in the preoperative clinic for long term smoking cessation: A
quantitative systematic review
AUTHOR NAMES
Zaki A.
Abrishami A.
Wong J.
Chung F.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zaki A.; Abrishami A.; Wong J.; Chung F.F., frances.chung@uhn.on.ca)
Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
(Chung F.F., frances.chung@uhn.on.ca) Department of Anesthesia, Toronto
Western Hospital, University of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON
M5T 2S8, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. F. Chung, Department of Anesthesia, Toronto Western Hospital, University
of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. Email:
frances.chung@uhn.on.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (2008) 55:SUPPL. 1 (11-21). Date of
Publication: June 2008
ISSN
0832-610X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the efficacy of interventions offered to patients in the
preoperative clinic to promote long-term (≥ three months) smoking cessation
following surgery. Methods: We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE,
EMBASE and CINAHL for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on
smoking-cessation interventions initiated in the preoperative clinic. Trial
inclusion, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed
independently by two authors. Standard meta-analytic techniques were
applied. Results: Four RCTs (n=610 patients) were included in the review.
Interventions included pharmacotherapy, counseling, educational literature
and postoperative telephone follow-up. The follow-up period ranged between
three to 12 months with only one RCT following up patients for τ one year.
Two studies used biochemical methods to validate subjects' self-reporting of
smoking cessation at the follow-up assessment. Overall, the interventions
were associated with a significantly higher cessation rate vs control at the
three to six month follow-up period (pooled odds ratio: 1.58, 95% confidence
interval (CI) 1.02-2.45,P value=0.01, 1(2)=0%). The only trial with longer
follow-up period (12 months), however, failed to show any significant
difference between the intervention and control groups (odds ratio: 1.05,
95% CI 0.53-2.09,P value=0.88). Conclusion: This systematic review suggests
that smoking-cessation interventions initiated at the preoperative clinic
can increase the odds of abstinence by up to 60% within a three- to
six-month follow-up period. To evaluate the possibility of longer
abstinence, future trials with at least one-year follow-up are recommended.
© 2008 Canadian Anesthesiologists.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone (clinical trial, drug therapy)
nicotine patch (clinical trial, drug therapy)
placebo
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
outpatient department
preoperative care
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
behavior therapy
clinical assessment
clinical trial
data extraction
human
meta analysis
nicotine replacement therapy
patient assessment
patient care
patient counseling
postoperative period
priority journal
quality control
quantitative analysis
self report
systematic review
telephone
therapy effect
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2009022449
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03017592
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 696
TITLE
Methodology of an ongoing, randomized controlled trial to prevent falls
through enhanced pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Ferreri S.
Roth M.T.
Casteel C.
Demby K.B.
Blalock S.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ferreri S.) Division of Pharmacy Practice and Experiential Education,
School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel
Hill, NC, United States.
(Roth M.T.; Blalock S.J., s_blalock@unc.edu) Division of Pharmaceutical
Outcomes and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
(Casteel C.; Demby K.B.) University of North Carolina Injury Prevention
Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill,
NC, United States.
(Casteel C.) Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.J. Blalock, Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,
United States. Email: s_blalock@unc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy (2008) 6:2 (61-81). Date of
Publication: June 2008
ISSN
1543-5946
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and nonfatal injuries
among adults aged ≥65 years in the United States. Past research suggests
that individuals taking multiple medications are at increased risk of falls.
Central nervous system-active drugs in particular have been associated with
increased risk. Objective: The goal of this research was to describe the
design of a study evaluating the effectiveness of a community pharmacy-based
falls prevention program. Also presented are the algorithms used to identify
high-risk patients based on their prescription profile records and to
deliver the experimental intervention. Methods: The study is a randomized
controlled trial. The target population was community-dwelling older adults
(aged ≥65 years) at high risk for future falls because: (1) they had
experienced ≥1 fall within the 12-month period preceding study enrollment;
(2) they were currently using ≥4 chronic prescription medications; and (3)
they were taking ≥1 of the high-risk medications targeted by the
intervention. Participants were recruited using pharmacy prescription
profile records. Individuals in the intervention group received a
face-to-face medication consultation provided by a community pharmacy
resident. Identification of drug therapy problems and therapeutic
recommendations was guided by a series of algorithms developed for this
study. All participants were followed up for 24 months. The primary study
end points were: (1) time to first fall; and (2) proportion of participants
who experienced ≥1 fall during the first year of follow-up. Results:
Participant enrollment began in September 2005 and was completed in August
2007. A total of 186 individuals were enrolled in the study (mean [SD] age,
74.8 [6.9] years; 132 women, 54 men), and 67 have completed the first year
of follow-up. Conclusions: The study is using a rigorous randomized
controlled research design, which will enhance the internal validity of its
findings. Results of the study, which will be reported after the completion
of follow-up data collection activities, will enable us to assess the
effects of the intervention on both medication use and the incidence of
falls. If the intervention is found to be effective, it will provide a
resource for community pharmacists working with older adults at high risk of
medication-related falls. © 2008 Excerpta Medica Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone
anticonvulsive agent
antidepressant agent
aripiprazole
atypical antipsychotic agent
baclofen
benzodiazepine derivative
carbamazepine
chlorpromazine
citalopram
dicycloverine
digestive tract spasmolytic agent
digoxin
disopyramide
dopamine uptake inhibitor
duloxetine
hyoscyamine
hypnotic sedative agent
mirtazapine
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
mood stabilizer
muscle relaxant agent
narcotic analgesic agent
neuroleptic agent
serotonin antagonist
serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor
serotonin uptake inhibitor
spasmolytic agent
tricyclic antidepressant agent
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
falling
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accident prevention
aged
algorithm
article
clinical trial
community care
community living
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
female
follow up
geriatric patient
high risk patient
high risk population
human
incidence
internal validity
major clinical study
male
multicenter study
pharmacy
prescription
priority journal
randomized controlled trial
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
aripiprazole (129722-12-9)
baclofen (1134-47-0)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
dicycloverine (50815-09-3, 67-92-5, 77-19-0)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
disopyramide (3737-09-5)
duloxetine (116539-59-4, 136434-34-9)
hyoscyamine (101-31-5, 306-03-6)
mirtazapine (61337-67-5)
muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008359364
MEDLINE PMID
18675765 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18675765)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjopharm.2008.06.005
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 697
TITLE
Here's help for pharmacists who are making community presentations
AUTHOR NAMES
Chi J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chi J.)
SOURCE
Drug Topics (2008) 152:6. Date of Publication: 12 May 2008
ISSN
0012-6616
BOOK PUBLISHER
Advanstar Communications, One Park Avenue, New York, United States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
consumer
pharmacist
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community program
drug misuse
drug safety
public speaking
short survey
social work
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008350166
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 698
TITLE
Model for medication therapy management in a university clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Kliethermes M.A.
Schullo-Feulner A.M.
Tilton J.
Kim S.
Pellegrino A.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kliethermes M.A., mkliet@midwestern.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL,
United States.
(Kliethermes M.A., mkliet@midwestern.edu) Medication Therapy Management
Clinic, .
(Kliethermes M.A., mkliet@midwestern.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), .
(Schullo-Feulner A.M.) College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis, MN, United States.
(Schullo-Feulner A.M.) Heart and Vascular Center, Park Nicollet Methodist
Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
(Schullo-Feulner A.M.; Tilton J.; Pellegrino A.N.) Ambulatory Care Pharmacy,
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, .
(Kim S.) Department of Pharmacy, Ambulatory Care Pharmacy, .
(Kliethermes M.A., mkliet@midwestern.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers
Grove, IL 60515, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. A. Kliethermes, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago College of
Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515,
United States. Email: mkliet@midwestern.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2008) 65:9 (844-856). Date of
Publication: 1 May 2008
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Purpose. Experience with a referral-based medication therapy management
(MTM) clinic in a university medical center is described. Summary. The MTM
clinic's mission is to assist patients who take multiple medications due to
multiple chronic conditions with the management of their drug therapy to
improve or maintain their health and prevent or minimize drug-related
problems. The clinical services provided at the clinic have evolved into a
comprehensive program providing five distinct service areas: access,
adherence, coordination of care, medication therapy review, and education.
During initial visits, patient information is collected, patients are
interviewed, medications are reconciled, and the pharmacist identifies and
attempts to solve any immediate drug-related problems and concerns. Routine
visits are scheduled monthly to coincide with a patient's medication
refills. On a typical day, a minimum of two MTM pharmacists and one pharmacy
technician staff the clinic. On two days of the week, three MTM pharmacists
are available in the clinic. The clinic averages 9-13 scheduled patient
visits per day. The MTM clinic functions as a subset of the outpatient
pharmacy and is merged financially in the general operational budget of the
ambulatory care pharmacy.This model of MTM patient care is intensive and
comprehensive and is significantly different from the majority of MTM models
currently provided by Medicare Part D plans. Conclusion. A referral-based
MTM clinic managed by pharmacists at a university medical center outpatient
pharmacy provides care to patients with the goal of improving medication
access, medication adherence, continuity of care, medication therapy
management, and patient education. Copyright © 2008, American Society of
Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
patient care
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
act
ambulatory care
drug use
health service
health status
human
medical record
medicare
outpatient care
patient compliance
patient education
patient referral
pharmacist
practice guideline
priority journal
review
university hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008232726
MEDLINE PMID
18436731 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18436731)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp070338
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 699
TITLE
Chronic cocaine but not chronic amphetamine use is associated with
perseverative responding in humans
AUTHOR NAMES
Ersche K.D.
Roiser J.P.
Robbins T.W.
Sahakian B.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ersche K.D., ke220@cam.ac.uk) Department of Psychiatry, University of
Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Ersche K.D., ke220@cam.ac.uk; Roiser J.P.; Robbins T.W.; Sahakian B.J.)
Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Roiser J.P.; Sahakian B.J.) Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical
Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Robbins T.W.) Department of Experimental Psychology, University of
Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
(Roiser J.P.) Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, 17 Queen Square, London
WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. D. Ersche, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge,
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Email: ke220@cam.ac.uk
SOURCE
Psychopharmacology (2008) 197:3 (421-431). Date of Publication: April 2008
ISSN
0033-3158
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Rationale: Chronic drug use has been associated with increased impulsivity
and maladaptive behaviour, but the underlying mechanisms of this impairment
remain unclear. We investigated the ability to adapt behaviour according to
changes in reward contingencies, using a probabilistic reversal-learning
task, in chronic drug users and controls. Materials and methods: Five groups
were compared: chronic amphetamine users (n = 30); chronic cocaine users (n
= 27); chronic opiate users (n = 42); former drug users of psychostimulants
and opiates (n = 26); and healthy non-drug-taking control volunteers (n =
25). Participants had to make a forced choice between two alternative
stimuli on each trial to acquire a stimulus-reward association on the basis
of degraded feedback and subsequently to reverse their responses when the
reward contingencies changed. Results: Chronic cocaine users demonstrated
little behavioural change in response to the change in reward contingencies,
as reflected by perseverative responding to the previously rewarded
stimulus. Perseverative responding was observed in cocaine users regardless
of whether they completed the reversal stage successfully. Task performance
in chronic users of amphetamines and opiates, as well as in former drug
users, was not measurably impaired. Conclusion: Our findings provide
convincing evidence for response perseveration in cocaine users during
probabilistic reversal-learning. Pharmacological differences between
amphetamine and cocaine, in particular their respective effects on the 5-HT
system, may account for the divergent task performance between the two
psychostimulant user groups. The inability to reverse responses according to
changes in reinforcement contingencies may underlie the maladaptive
behaviour patterns observed in chronic cocaine users but not in chronic
users of amphetamines or opiates. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine
cocaine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
psychostimulant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
perseveration
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptive behavior
adult
article
behavior change
cocaine dependence
controlled study
decision making
drug dependence
feedback system
female
human
learning
major clinical study
male
priority journal
reward
stimulus
task performance
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008224336
MEDLINE PMID
18214445 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18214445)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-007-1051-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 700
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous levosimendan and its metabolites in subjects
with hepatic impairment
AUTHOR NAMES
Puttonen J.
Kantele S.
Ruck A.
Ramela M.
Häkkinen S.
Kivikko M.
Pentikäinen P.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Puttonen J., jaakko.puttonen@quintiles.com) Orion Pharma, Clinical R and D,
Kuopio, Finland.
(Kantele S.; Kivikko M.)
(Ruck A.)
(Ramela M.; Häkkinen S.) Orion Pharma, Nonclinical R and D, Espoo, Finland.
(Pentikäinen P.J.) Helsinki University Central Hospital, Department of
Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
(Puttonen J., jaakko.puttonen@quintiles.com) Quintiles OY, Espoo, Finland.
(Puttonen J., jaakko.puttonen@quintiles.com) Quintiles OY, Metsänneidonkuja
10, 02130 Espoo, Finland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Puttonen, Quintiles OY, Espoo, Finland. Email:
jaakko.puttonen@quintiles.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2008) 48:4 (445-454). Date of Publication:
April 2008
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Levosimendan is a vasodilator used in the treatment of acute heart failure.
In the present study, the effect of hepatic impairment on the
pharmacokinetics of levosimendan and its 2 metabolites, OR-1855 and OR-1896
(pharmacologically active), was investigated in 12 healthy subjects and 12
subjects with moderate hepatic impairment due to alcoholic cirrhosis of the
liver but with no heart failure. In addition, the effect of acetylator
status on the pharmacokinetics of levosimendan, OR-1855, and OR-1896 was
evaluated. Safety and tolerability of levosimendan were also assessed.
Levosimendan was given as an intravenous infusion of 0.1 μg/kg/min for 24
hours. Levosimendan showed similar C (max), AUC, and elimination half-life
(t(1/2)), with a mean (±SEM) t(1/2) of 0.9 ± 0.0 hours in healthy subjects
and 0.8 ± 0.1 hours in hepatically impaired subjects, respectively (not
significant). The t(1/2) of OR-1855 was 61 ± 5 hours in healthy subjects and
82 ± 3 hours (P <.01) in subjects with hepatic impairment. The t(1/2) of
OR-1896 was 62 ± 5 hours and 91 ± 5 hours (P < .01), respectively. However,
the AUCs of OR-1855 and OR-1896 were similar in healthy volunteers and
hepatically impaired subjects. The effect of acetylator status was seen as
higher C(max) and AUC of OR-1855 in slow acetylators. Correspondingly,
higher C(max) and AUC of OR-1896 were observed in rapid acetylators.
Levosimendan was well tolerated in both study groups. In conclusion, the
pharmacokinetics of the parent drug levosimendan was unaltered in subjects
with moderate hepatic impairment, whereas the elimination of the metabolites
was prolonged. However, because the maximum duration of levosimendan
infusion is 24 hours, dosing adjustments of levosimendan may not be required
in subjects with impaired hepatic function. © 2008 the American College of
Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
levosimendan (clinical trial, drug concentration, drug dose, drug therapy,
intravenous drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
drug metabolite (drug concentration, pharmacokinetics)
n [4 (1,4,5,6 tetrahydro 4 methyl 6 oxo 3 pyridazinyl)phenyl]acetamide
or 1855
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
liver injury (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol liver cirrhosis
area under the curve
article
clinical article
clinical trial
controlled study
dose response
drug blood level
drug effect
drug elimination
drug half life
drug protein binding
drug safety
drug tolerability
heart failure
human
phase 1 clinical trial
DRUG TRADE NAMES
or 1855
or 1896
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
levosimendan (141505-33-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008131647
MEDLINE PMID
18303124 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18303124)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270007313390
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 701
TITLE
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of the concomitant administration
of methadone and TMC125 in HIV-negative volunteers
AUTHOR NAMES
Schöller-Gyüre M.
Van Den Brink W.
Kakuda T.N.
Woodfall B.
De Smedt G.
Vanaken H.
Stevens T.
Peeters M.
Vandermeulen K.
Hoetelmans R.M.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schöller-Gyüre M., mscholle@tibbe.jnj.com; Woodfall B.; De Smedt G.;
Vanaken H.; Stevens T.; Peeters M.; Vandermeulen K.; Hoetelmans R.M.W.)
Tibotec BVBA, Mechelen, Belgium.
(Van Den Brink W.) Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center,
University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
(Kakuda T.N.) Tibotec, Inc., Yardley, PA, United States.
(Schöller-Gyüre M., mscholle@tibbe.jnj.com) Tibotec BVBA, Generaal De
Wittelaan L11B 3, B-2800 Mechelen, Belgium.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Schöller-Gyüre, Tibotec BVBA, Generaal De Wittelaan L11B 3, B-2800
Mechelen, Belgium. Email: mscholle@tibbe.jnj.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2008) 48:3 (322-329). Date of Publication:
March 2008
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
TMC125 is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with
potent in vitro activity against wild-type and NNRTI-resistant HIV-1. TMC125
is an inducer of CYP3A and an inhibitor of CYP2C. This trial evaluated the
effect of TMC125 on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone.
In an open-label, add-on, 1-way interaction trial, 16 male HIV-negative
volunteers on stable methadone maintenance therapy received 100 mg TMC125
bid for 14 days. Plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of R-
and S-methadone isomers were determined on days -1, 7, and 14 and of TMC125
on days 7 and 14. Safety and tolerability were assessed. The LSmeans ratios
(90% confidence interval) for AUC(24h), C(max), and C(min) of the
pharmacologically active R-methadone were 1.08 (1.02-1.13), 1.03
(0.97-1.09), and 1.12 (1.05-1.19), respectively, on day 7 and 1.06
(0.99-1.13), 1.02 (0.96-1.09), and 1.10 (1.02-1.19), respectively, on day 14
compared with methadone alone. No withdrawal symptoms were observed; dose
adjustment of methadone was not required. The concomitant administration of
TMC125 and methadone was generally safe and well tolerated. TMC125 has no
clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of
methadone. No dose adjustment for methadone is anticipated when
coadministered with TMC125. © 2008 the American College of Clinical
Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
etravirine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
concentration, drug interaction, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
concentration, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
area under the curve
article
central nervous system disease (side effect)
clinical article
clinical trial
confidence interval
constipation (side effect)
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
drug blood level
drug determination
drug effect
drug safety
drug tolerability
electrocardiogram
headache (side effect)
heart muscle conduction disturbance (side effect)
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
isomer
laboratory test
maintenance therapy
male
maximum plasma concentration
mental disease (side effect)
methadone treatment
nausea (side effect)
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
papular rash (side effect)
pharmacological parameters
physical examination
QT interval
side effect (side effect)
vital sign
withdrawal syndrome
DRUG TRADE NAMES
symoron
tmc 125
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
etravirine (269055-15-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008085143
MEDLINE PMID
18195053 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18195053)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270007310387
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 702
TITLE
Acute risk of drug-related death among newly released prisoners in England
and Wales
AUTHOR NAMES
Farrell M.
Marsden J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Farrell M., m.farrell@iop.kcl.ac.uk) Box 48, Addiction Sciences Building,
4, Windsor Walk, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
(Farrell M., m.farrell@iop.kcl.ac.uk; Marsden J.) Division of Psychological
Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London,
United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Farrell, Box 48, Addiction Sciences Building, 4, Windsor Walk, London SE5
8AF, United Kingdom. Email: m.farrell@iop.kcl.ac.uk
SOURCE
Addiction (2008) 103:2 (251-255). Date of Publication: February 2008
ISSN
0965-2140
1360-0443 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Aims: To investigate drug-related deaths among newly released prisoners in
England and Wales. Design: Database linkage study. Participants: National
sample of 48 771 male and female sentenced prisoners released during
1998-2000 with all recorded deaths included to November 2003. Findings:
There were 442 recorded deaths, of which 261 (59%) were drug-related. In the
year following index release, the drug-related mortality rate was 5.2 per
1000 among men and 5.9 per 1000 among women. All-cause mortality in the
first and second weeks following release for men was 37 and 26 deaths per
1000 per annum, respectively (95% of which were drug-related). There were 47
and 38 deaths per 1000 per annum, respectively, among women, all of which
were drug-related. In the first year after prison release, there were 342
male deaths (45.8 were expected in the general population) and there were
100 female deaths (8.3 expected in the general population). Drug-related
deaths were attributed mainly to substance use disorders and drug overdose.
Coronial records cited the involvement of opioids in 95% of deaths,
benzodiazepines in 20%, cocaine in 14% and tricyclic antidepressants in 10%.
Drug-related deaths among men were more likely to involve heroin and deaths
among women were more likely to involve benzodiazepines, cocaine and
tricyclic antidepressants. Conclusions: Newly released male and female
prisoners are at acute risk of drug-related death. Appropriate prevention
measures include overdose awareness education, opioid maintenance
pharmacotherapy, planned referral to community-based treatment services and
a community overdose-response using opioid antagonists. © 2007 The Authors.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
cocaine
diamorphine
opiate derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug overdose
mortality
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cause of death
coroner
female
forensic psychiatry
human
major clinical study
male
prisoner
risk factor
sex ratio
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008024592
MEDLINE PMID
18199304 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18199304)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.02081.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 703
TITLE
Drug samples should be replaced by vouchers to reduce drug diversion;
chemistry courses are critical to the education of pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Lamberti J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lamberti J., josephlamberti@sbcglobal.net)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Lamberti, Prospect, CT, United States. Email:
josephlamberti@sbcglobal.net
SOURCE
Drug Topics (2008) 152:2. Date of Publication: 28 Jan 2008
ISSN
0012-6616
BOOK PUBLISHER
Advanstar Communications, One Park Avenue, New York, United States.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate
amfebutamone
buprenorphine
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor
mevinolin
naltrexone
non prescription drug
varenicline
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse
drug dependence
follow up
food and drug administration
human
letter
liver function test
pharmacy student
prescription
DRUG TRADE NAMES
campral
chantix
lovastatin Merck
revia vivitrol
subutex suboxone
zyban
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Merck
suboxone
vivitrol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
mevinolin (75330-75-5)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008117422
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 704
TITLE
Review of rational approaches to the treatment of pain management - Role for
opioids therapies
AUTHOR NAMES
Modi P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Modi P., Pankajmodi@aol.com) Innovatech Rx., 519 Golf Links Road, Ancaster,
ON L9G 4X6, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Modi, Innovatech Rx., 519 Golf Links Road, Ancaster, ON L9G 4X6, Canada.
Email: Pankajmodi@aol.com
SOURCE
Current Drug Therapy (2008) 3:1 (33-43). Date of Publication: January 2008
ISSN
1574-8855
BOOK PUBLISHER
Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 294, Bussum, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Opioids remain an important cornerstone and the most effective mainstay
analgesies for acute and terminal cancer pain treatments. Effective
analgesia is obtained in the majority of cancer pain patients with the
application of fairly straightforward rational treatment algorithms using
opioids as the main therapy. A major barrier to be overcome, however, is
that chronic pain is often not viewed as a physical illness worthy of
treatment. Many studies demonstrating that specific changes occur in the
peripheral and central nervous systems of patients with chronic pain provide
the rationale for changing the approaches to chronic pain management and
instituting more aggressive and comprehensive treatment. This review
describes the role of opioids in the treatment of cancer pain, including a
brief overview of cancer pain syndromes, essential aspects of opioid
therapy, opioid pharmacology, opioid rotation, properties of the individual
opioids, and management of common side effects of opioids. As understanding
ofthe pharmacology of this class of drugs becomes more sophisticated,
clinicians may anticipate dosage-limiting adverse effects and variations in
individual response. © 2008 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug
comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intramuscular drug administration,
intrathecal drug administration, intravenous drug administration, oral drug
administration, pharmaceutics, subcutaneous drug administration, transdermal
drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug comparison, drug therapy)
acetylsalicylic acid plus oxycodone plus oxycodone terephthalate
analgesic agent (drug combination, drug therapy)
antiemetic agent (drug therapy)
antihistaminic agent (drug therapy)
buprenorphine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacology)
buprenorphine plus naloxone
codeine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug
administration)
dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug
therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol (drug therapy)
fentanyl (adverse drug reaction, buccal drug administration, drug
comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral
drug administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmaceutics,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, transdermal drug administration)
fentanyl citrate
fentanyl citrate
fluoxetine (drug interaction)
hydrocodone (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacology)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (drug therapy)
hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy,
intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration, parenteral drug
administration, rectal drug administration, subcutaneous drug
administration)
levorphanol (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration,
parenteral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
long acting drug (drug therapy)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy,
oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmaceutics,
pharmacokinetics)
morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug comparison, drug
therapy, oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration,
pharmaceutics)
morphine sulfate (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
opiate agonist (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
opiate antagonist (drug therapy)
oxy contin
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmaceutics)
oxymorphone
oxymorphone
oxymorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics)
paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy)
pentazocine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
pethidine (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug comparison, drug
dose, drug therapy, intramuscular drug administration, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
sertraline (drug interaction)
short acting drug (drug therapy)
tramadol (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
tylenol 3
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pain (side effect, drug therapy, side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
agitation
analgesic activity
breathing
cancer pain (drug therapy)
cardiotoxicity (side effect)
chronic pain (drug therapy)
clinical effectiveness
cognitive defect (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
constipation (drug therapy, side effect)
continuous infusion
cyanosis (side effect)
delirium (side effect)
depression (side effect)
disease severity
dizziness (side effect)
dose response
drug abuse
drug accumulation
drug bioavailability
drug choice
drug contraindication
drug dependence
drug dosage form comparison
drug dose escalation
drug dose increase
drug dose reduction
drug dose titration
drug elimination
drug half life
drug hypersensitivity (side effect)
drug metabolism
drug monitoring
drug potency
drug receptor binding
drug safety
drug substitution
drug tolerability
drug tolerance
drug withdrawal
euphoria
first pass effect
hallucination (side effect)
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
histamine release
human
hydrocortisone blood level
hyperalgesia (side effect)
hypotension (side effect)
immune deficiency (side effect)
immunomodulation
irritability
liver failure (side effect)
long term care
myoclonus (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
nausea and vomiting (drug therapy, side effect)
nociception
opiate addiction
pain assessment
patient compliance
patient controlled analgesia
priority journal
pruritus (drug therapy, side effect)
recommended drug dose
repeated drug dose
respiration depression (side effect)
respiratory arrest (side effect)
review
sedation
seizure (side effect)
serotonin syndrome (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
sustained release preparation
tremor (side effect)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
virus load
vomiting (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
actiq
aspirin
avinza
darvocet
darvon
dilaudid
dolophine
duragesic
fentora
kadian
levo dromoran
lorcet
ms contin
opana er
opana
oxy contin
palladone
percodan
suboxone
subutex
tramal
tylenol 3
vicodin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
codeine (76-57-3)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol (39400-85-6)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
fentanyl citrate (990-73-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
levorphanol (125-72-4, 77-07-6)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
oxymorphone (357-07-3, 76-41-5)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3)
percodan (64336-56-7)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Anesthesiology (24)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008072017
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488508783331199
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 705
TITLE
Effectiveness of a medication reconciliation project conducted by PharmD
students
AUTHOR NAMES
Lubowski T.J.
Cronin L.M.
Pavelka R.W.
Briscoe-Dwyer L.A.
Briceland L.L.
Hamilton R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lubowski T.J., lubowskt@acp.edu; Briceland L.L.; Hamilton R.A.) Albany
College of Pharmacy, United States.
(Cronin L.M.) Bassett Hospital of Schoharie County, Cobleskill, NY, United
States.
(Pavelka R.W.) O'Connor Hospital, Delhi, NY, United States.
(Briscoe-Dwyer L.A.) Bassett Healthcare Cooperstown, New York, NY, United
States.
(Lubowski T.J., lubowskt@acp.edu) Albany College of Pharmacy, 106 New
Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.J. Lubowski, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY
12208, United States. Email: lubowskt@acp.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2007) 71:5 Article Number: 94.
Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a medication
reconciliation program conducted by doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) students
during an advanced pharmacy practice experience. Methods. Patients admitted
to medicine or surgery units at 3 hospitals were included. Students were
instructed to interview each patient to obtain a medication history,
reconcile this list with the medical chart, and identify and solve
drug-related problems. Results. Eleven students reconciled medications for
330 patients over 10 months and identified 922 discrepancies. The median
number of discrepancies found per patient was 2, and no discrepancies were
found in 25% of the cases. In cases in which discrepancies were identified,
a greater number of medications had been prescribed for the patient (7.9 ±
4.0 medications compared to 5.4 ± 3.9 medications; p < 0.05). The students
completed 59 interventions. Differences were found in the numbers of
discrepancies and drug-related problems that different students at different
sites identified (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Pharmacy students provided a
valuable service to 3 community hospitals. The students improved the quality
of patient care by identifying and solving significant drug-related
problems, identifying drug allergy information, and resolving home and
admission medication discrepancies.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health program
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
community hospital
drug hypersensitivity
health care quality
health service
hospital admission
hospital department
human
medical practice
medical record
medical student
patient care
patient identification
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007557675
MEDLINE PMID
17998991 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17998991)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 706
TITLE
Prescription procedures in medication for relapse prevention after inpatient
treatment for alcohol use disorders in Switzerland
AUTHOR NAMES
Buri C.
Moggi F.
Giovanoli A.
Strik W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Buri C.; Moggi F., moggi@puk.unibe.ch; Giovanoli A.; Strik W.) University
Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000 Bern 60, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Moggi, University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, Bolligenstrasse 111, 3000
Bern 60, Switzerland. Email: moggi@puk.unibe.ch
SOURCE
Alcohol and Alcoholism (2007) 42:4 (333-339). Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
0735-0414
1464-3502 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Aims: In randomized controlled trials with high internal validity,
pharmacotherapy using acamprosate, naltrexone, and, to a somewhat lesser
extent, disulfiram has proved effective in preventing relapse in patients
with alcohol use disorders (AUD). There remains, however, a paucity of
studies with sufficient external validity in which the effectiveness of
pharmacotherapy in clinical practice is investigated. This study aimed to
make a contribution to close this gap in research. Methods: In this
naturalistic, prospective study, a comparison on indices of substance use,
psychiatric symptoms, and treatment service utilization was carried out
using samples of 92 patients who received pharmacotherapy and 323 patients
who did not receive pharmacotherapy following discharge from 12 residential
AUD programmes (index stay). Results: Patients that received pharmacotherapy
were more likely to use alcohol during the index stay and at the 1-year
follow-up. Moreover, this patient group more readily utilized treatment
services during a 2-year period prior to and a 1-year period following index
stay than patients who were not given pharmacotherapy. Nevertheless, when
pharmacotherapy was prescribed before first post-treatment alcohol use, it
was associated with delay of alcohol use, fewer relapses, and a redued need
for inpatient teatment. In many cases, however, medication was not
prescribed until alcohol use and relapse had occurred. The length of time to
first alcohol use was longer, and the cumulative abstinence rate higher, for
disulfiram than for acamprosate, the latter being generally prescribed for
more severely alcohol-dependent patients. Conclusions: There is a need for
further studies to probe the reasons why medication for relapse prevention
is not prescribed upon discharge from residential treatment and for less
severely alcohol-dependent patients. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford
University Press on behalf of the Medical Council on Alcohol.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acamprosate (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy)
disulfiram (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy)
naltrexone (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol abuse
alcoholism (drug therapy, prevention)
relapse (drug therapy, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
alcohol abstinence
alcohol consumption
article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
disease severity
female
follow up
health care utilization
hospital care
hospital discharge
human
major clinical study
male
mental disease
prescription
priority journal
prospective study
residential care
Switzerland
time
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008000562
MEDLINE PMID
17517820 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17517820)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agm038
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 707
TITLE
Evaluation of a train-the-trainer program for cultural competence
AUTHOR NAMES
Assemi M.
Mutha S.
Hudmon K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Assemi M., assemim@pharmacy.ucsf.edu; Hudmon K.S.) School of Pharmacy,
University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
(Mutha S.) Department of Medicine, Center for the Health Professions,
University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
(Hudmon K.S.) Purdue University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, United States.
(Assemi M., assemim@pharmacy.ucsf.edu) UCSF Fresno Pharmacy Education
Program, 155 N. Fresno Street, Fresno, CA 93701, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Assemi, UCSF Fresno Pharmacy Education Program, 155 N. Fresno Street,
Fresno, CA 93701, United States. Email: assemim@pharmacy.ucsf.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2007) 71:6 Article Number:
110. Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. To develop, implement, and evaluate the impact of a cultural
competence train-the-trainer workshop for pharmacy educators. Methods. A
2-day train-the-trainer workshop entitled Incorporating Cultural Competency
in Pharmacy Education (1.65 CEUs) was provided to pharmacy faculty from
schools across the United States. Baseline, posttraining, and 9-month
follow-up surveys assessed participants' (n = 50) characteristics and
self-efficacy in developing and teaching content. Results. At baseline, 94%
of faculty members reported no formal training in teaching cultural
competence. After completing the workshop, participants' self-rated
confidence for developing and teaching workshop content significantly
increased. The number of participants who rated their ability to teach
cultural competence as "very good" or "excellent" increased from 13% to 60%
posttraining. Participants reported teaching 1 or more aspects of the
workshop curriculum to nearly 3,000 students in the 9-months following
training. Conclusions. The workshop significantly increased faculty members'
perceived and documented ability to teach cultural competence. The
train-the-trainer model appears to be a viable and promising strategy for
meeting the American Council for Pharmacy Education accreditation standards
relating to the teaching of diversity, cultural issues, and health literacy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education program
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacy
curriculum development
female
health program
human
male
pharmacy student
smoking
tobacco dependence
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007605547
MEDLINE PMID
19503694 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19503694)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 708
TITLE
Morphine-induced place preference: Interactions with neurotransmitter
systems
AUTHOR NAMES
Zarrindast M.R.
Rezayof A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zarrindast M.R., zarinmr@ams.as.ir) Department of Pharmacology, School of
Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Zarrindast M.R., zarinmr@ams.as.ir) Institute for Studies in Theoretical
Physics and Mathematics, School of Cognitive Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
(Zarrindast M.R., zarinmr@ams.as.ir) Institute for Cognitive Science
Studies, Tehran, Iran.
(Rezayof A.) School of Biology, University College of Sciences, University
of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.R. Zarrindast, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Email: zarinmr@ams.as.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2007) 6:1 (3-15). Date of
Publication: Winter 2007
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran,
Iran.
ABSTRACT
This review gives an overview of our recent findings and developments in
research on brain mechanisms of morphine reward from studies using the place
preference conditioning paradigm. Intracranial place conditioning
methodology has become a valuable and firmly established and very widely
used tool in behavioural pharmacology and drug reward mechanisms. Several
studies have established that morphine induces a conditioned preference for
the place in which it has been administered in rats. Transmitter systems
that have been investigated with respect to their involvement in morphine
reward mechanisms include dopamine, GABA, acetylcholine, adrenalin and
nitric oxide, the motivational significance of which has been examined
either directly, by using respective agonist or antagonist drugs. Although,
considerable evidence suggested that the mesocorticolimbic DA system, which
originates in the VTA and projects to the Nac, various limbic and cortical
areas is a major neural substrate of the rewarding effects produced by
morphine, but the role of other brain sites such as hippocampus and amygdala
also exist. Overall, our intracranial place conditioning studies showed that
there are a number of receptors, neuronal pathways and discrete central
nervous system sites involved in the morphine reward mechanisms. Copyright ©
2007 by School of Pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine (drug toxicity)
neurotransmitter (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2,3,4,5 tetrahydro 7,8 dihydroxy 1 phenyl 1h 3 benzazepine
4 aminobutyric acid (endogenous compound)
4 aminobutyric acid A receptor (endogenous compound)
4 aminobutyric acid B receptor (endogenous compound)
4 aminobutyric acid C receptor (endogenous compound)
8 chloro 2,3,4,5 tetrahydro 3 methyl 5 phenyl 1h 3 benzazepin 7 ol hydrogen
maleate
acetylcholine (endogenous compound)
adrenalin (endogenous compound)
arginine
baclofen
bicuculline
clonidine
dopamine (endogenous compound)
dopamine 1 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 2 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 3 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 4 receptor (endogenous compound)
dopamine 5 receptor (endogenous compound)
enkephalin[2 dextro alanine 4 methylphenylalanine 5 glycine]
kappa opiate receptor agonist
muscimol
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester
nitric oxide (endogenous compound)
opiate receptor (endogenous compound)
physostigmine
quinpirole
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction
place preference
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
amygdaloid nucleus
aversive behavior
brain cortex
central nervous system
conditioning
dopaminergic system
drug dependence
drug tolerance
hippocampus
human
inhibition kinetics
limbic system
medical research
methodology
motivation
nonhuman
nucleus accumbens
psychological aspect
receptor upregulation
reinforcement
review
reward
ventral tegmentum
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2,3,4,5 tetrahydro 7,8 dihydroxy 1 phenyl 1h 3 benzazepine (67287-49-4)
4 aminobutyric acid (28805-76-7, 56-12-2)
8 chloro 2,3,4,5 tetrahydro 3 methyl 5 phenyl 1h 3 benzazepin 7 ol hydrogen
maleate (87134-87-0)
acetylcholine (51-84-3, 60-31-1, 66-23-9)
adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1)
arginine (1119-34-2, 15595-35-4, 7004-12-8, 74-79-3)
baclofen (1134-47-0)
bicuculline (485-49-4)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
dopamine (51-61-6, 62-31-7)
dopamine 4 receptor (137750-34-6)
enkephalin[2 dextro alanine 4 methylphenylalanine 5 glycine] (78123-71-4)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
muscimol (2763-96-4)
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester (50903-99-6)
nitric oxide (10102-43-9)
physostigmine (57-47-6, 64-47-1)
quinpirole (73625-62-4, 80373-22-4, 85760-75-4, 85798-08-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008244243
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 709
TITLE
Medication overuse headache: Clinical features, pathogenesis and management
AUTHOR NAMES
Couch J.R.
Lenaerts M.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Couch J.R., james-couch@ouhsc.edu; Lenaerts M.E.) Oklahoma University
Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
(Couch J.R., james-couch@ouhsc.edu) Department of Neurology, Headache
Section, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 711, Stanton L. Young
Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.R. Couch, Department of Neurology, Headache Section, Oklahoma University
Health Sciences Center, 711, Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104,
United States. Email: james-couch@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Drug Development Research (2007) 68:7 (449-460). Date of Publication:
December 2007
ISSN
0272-4391
1098-2299 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Wiley-Liss Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, United States.
ABSTRACT
(Table Presented) Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a problem that is
estimated to occur in up to 1% of the population. It is a common feature
underlying chronic headache, especially chronic migraine. MOH represents a
major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Many patients are referred to
headache specialty clinics, where they can represent the majority of
patients. The syndrome remains underdiagnosed and the role of symptomatic
medication overuse in producing MOH is often underestimated. With proper
education of medical providers, prevention of this too often intractable
syndrome could be improved. The basis of therapy is discontinuance of the
abused medication. Additional treatment relies on a multifaceted approach
that embraces proper use of symptomatic pain medications and management of
psychiatric comorbidities and also emphasizes patient education. Various
pharmacological regimens, both abortive and prophylactic, are available.
Further scientific study is warranted to elucidate the ultimate mechanisms
of this syndrome and define more effective treatments. This article gives
detailed clinical description, tentative pathophysiological explanation, and
therapeutic suggestions. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antimigraine agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction)
analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction)
barbituric acid derivative (adverse drug reaction)
butalbital (adverse drug reaction)
butorphanol (adverse drug reaction)
codeine (adverse drug reaction)
dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction)
dihydroergocornine (drug therapy, subcutaneous drug administration)
dihydroergotamine (adverse drug reaction)
doxepin (drug therapy)
ergotamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
ergotamine derivative (adverse drug reaction)
excedrin (adverse drug reaction)
hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy)
isometheptene (adverse drug reaction)
meclofenamic acid (drug therapy)
metoclopramide (drug therapy)
morphine sulfate (adverse drug reaction)
nalbuphine (adverse drug reaction)
narcotic agent (adverse drug reaction)
opiate derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction)
paracetamol (adverse drug reaction)
pethidine (adverse drug reaction)
tramadol (adverse drug reaction)
triptan derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug induced headache (side effect, diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology,
etiology, side effect)
migraine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
comorbidity
drug withdrawal
human
medical education
mental disease
pathogenesis
patient education
prophylaxis
review
syndrome delineation
DRUG TRADE NAMES
excedrin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
butalbital (51005-25-5, 77-26-9)
butorphanol (42408-82-2)
codeine (76-57-3)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
dihydroergocornine (25447-65-8)
dihydroergotamine (511-12-6)
doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5)
ergotamine (113-15-5, 52949-35-6)
excedrin (53908-21-7, 83535-74-4)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
isometheptene (503-01-5)
meclofenamic acid (644-62-2)
metoclopramide (12707-59-4, 2576-84-3, 364-62-5, 7232-21-5)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
nalbuphine (20594-83-6, 23277-43-2)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008062930
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20214
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 710
TITLE
Evaluation of a train-the-trainer program for tobacco cessation
AUTHOR NAMES
Corelli R.L.
Fenlon C.M.
Kroon L.A.
Prokhorov A.V.
Hudmon K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Corelli R.L., corellir@pharmacy.ucsf.edu; Kroon L.A.; Hudmon K.S.) School
of Pharmacy, University of California-San Francisco, United States.
(Fenlon C.M.; Hudmon K.S.) Purdue University School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, United States.
(Prokhorov A.V.) University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, United
States.
(Corelli R.L., corellir@pharmacy.ucsf.edu) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus
Avenue C-152, San Francisco, CA 94143-0622, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.L. Corelli, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy,
University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue C-152, San
Francisco, CA 94143-0622, United States. Email: corellir@pharmacy.ucsf.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education (2007) 71:6 Article Number:
109. Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
0002-9459
1553-6467 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 1426 Prince Street,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. To assess pharmacy faculty members' perceptions of the Rx for
Change tobacco cessation program materials and train-the-trainer program.
Methods. Pharmacy faculty members attended a 14.5 hour train-the-trainer
program conducted over 3 days. Posttraining survey instruments assessed
participants' (n = 188) characteristics and factors hypothesized to be
associated with program adoption. Results. Prior to the training, 49.5% of
the faculty members had received no formal training for treating tobacco use
and dependence, and 46.3% had never taught students how to treat tobacco use
and dependence. Participants' self-rated abilities to teach tobacco
cessation increased posttraining (p < 0.001). The curriculum materials were
viewed as either moderately (43.9%) or highly (54.0%) compatible for
integration into existing curricula, and 68.3% reported they were "highly
likely" to implement the program in the upcoming year. Conclusions.
Participation in a national train-the-trainer program significantly
increased faculty members' perceived ability to teach tobacco-related
content to pharmacy students, and the majority of participants indicated a
high likelihood of adopting the Rx for Change program at their school. The
train-the-trainer model appears to be a viable and promising strategy for
promoting adoption of curricular innovations on a national scale.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cultural competence
education program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical education
course content
cultural factor
curriculum development
female
human
male
medical school
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007605549
MEDLINE PMID
19503693 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19503693)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 711
TITLE
Personal drug selection: problem-based learning in pharmacology: experience
from a medical school in Nepal.
AUTHOR NAMES
Shankar P.R.
Palaian S.
Gyawali S.
Mishra P.
Mohan L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shankar P.R.; Palaian S.; Gyawali S.; Mishra P.; Mohan L.) Department of
Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.R. Shankar, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical
Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Email: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
SOURCE
PloS one (2007) 2:6 (e524). Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
1932-6203 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: At the Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal,
Pharmacology is taught during the first four semesters of the undergraduate
medical course. Personal or P-drug selection is an important exercise. The
present study was carried out to obtain student opinion about the P-drug
learning sessions, the assessment examinations, and on the small group
dynamics. METHOD: The practical sessions on P-drug selection are carried out
in small groups. Student feedback about the session was obtained using focus
group discussions. The focus groups were selected to represent both genders
and the three main nationalities, Nepalese, Indians, and Sri Lankans. There
were four Nepalese, five Indians, and three Sri Lankans. Within each
nationality and gender category the students were randomly selected. The
respondents were explained the objectives of the study and were invited to
participate. Written informed consent was obtained. The discussion lasted
around two hours and was conducted in the afternoon in two groups of six
students each. The first author (PRS) acted as a facilitator. The responses
were recorded and analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS: The overall student
opinion was positive. Around 25% (3 respondents) of respondents were
confused about whether P-drugs were for a disease or a patient. Group
consensus was commonly used to give numerical values for the different
criteria. The large number of brands created problems in calculating cost.
The students wanted more time for the exercise in the examination. Formative
assessment during the learning sessions may be considered. The group members
usually got along well. Absenteeism was a problem and not all members put in
their full effort. The physical working environment should be improved.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on what the students say, the sessions on P-drugs should
be continued and strengthened. Modifications in the sessions are required.
Sessions during the clinical years and internship training can be
considered.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
drug screening
medical education
medical student
problem based learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
female
human
male
medical school
methodology
Nepal
psychological aspect
standard
teaching
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17565377 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17565377)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 712
TITLE
Factors that influence under-reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions
among community pharmacists in a Spanish region
AUTHOR NAMES
Irujo M.
Beitia G.
Bes-Rastrollo M.
Figueiras A.
Hernández-Díaz S.
Lasheras B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Irujo M.; Beitia G.; Lasheras B., lasheras@unav.es) Department of Pharmacy
Practice, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
(Bes-Rastrollo M.) Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health,
University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
(Figueiras A.) Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health,
University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
(Hernández-Díaz S.) Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public
Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
(Lasheras B., lasheras@unav.es) Unidad Docente de Farmacia Práctica,
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea no 1, 31008,
Pamplona (Navarra), Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Lasheras, Unidad Docente de Farmacia Práctica, Facultad de Farmacia,
Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea no 1, 31008, Pamplona (Navarra), Spain.
Email: lasheras@unav.es
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2007) 30:11 (1073-1082). Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay,
Auckland 10, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Background: The spontaneous reporting system is the most efficient warning
system of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Pharmacists can play an important
role in the detection and reporting of ADRs. The factors that affect
under-reporting among these professionals are unknown in Spain. Objective:
To identify the factors that influence community pharmacists' ADR
under-reporting in Navarra, a Northern Spanish region. Methods: A
case-control study was conducted on a population of 802 community
pharmacists working in Navarra. Cases were pharmacists who had reported at
least two ADRs to the region's drug surveillance unit between 2003 and 2005
and who agreed to participate in the study (18/20; 90%). A random sample of
60 controls was selected from the 762 pharmacists who had not reported any
ADR during the same period of time. Results: Factors positively associated
with ADR reporting were age, years of work experience as a pharmacist,
participation in educational activities related to the detection and
resolution of drug-related problems, the habit of detecting ADRs as part of
pharmacists' duties, having the basic knowledge needed to report ADRs, and
disagreement with the common belief among healthcare professionals that 'to
report an ADR it is necessary to be sure that the reaction is related to the
use of a particular drug'. The most frequently mentioned reasons for not
reporting ADRs were the ADR is not serious, the ADR is already known,
uncertainty concerning the causal relationship between the ADR and the drug,
forgetting to report the ADR and a lack of time. Conclusions: Pharmacists'
knowledge, beliefs, behaviour and motivation play an important role in ADR
reporting. Under-reporting might be improved through activities focused on
modifying such factors. © 2007 Adis Data Information BV. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug safety
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
case control study
controlled study
data analysis
data collection method
disease association
drug surveillance program
female
health care personnel
human
human experiment
male
patient participation
pharmacist
priority journal
random sample
Spain
statistical analysis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007532422
MEDLINE PMID
17973543 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17973543)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 713
TITLE
Assessment of knowledge and attitude changes in young adolescents following
a school-based crystal methamphetamine education program
AUTHOR NAMES
Warburton L.
Callfas D.
Neubauer S.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Warburton L., lcm708@mail.usask.ca; Callfas D.; Neubauer S.L.) College of
Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.,
Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Warburton, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, Sask., Canada. Email: lcm708@mail.usask.ca
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmacists Journal (2007) 140:6 (366-375). Date of Publication:
November/December 2007
ISSN
1715-1635
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Pharmacists Association, 1785 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa, Canada.
ABSTRACT
Concerns surrounding the production and use of crystal methamphetamine have
prompted tighter regulation of its precursors, such as ephedrine and
pseudoephedrine. While supply-side initiatives may decrease availability and
use, the literature indicates that their impact is transient due to the
ingenuity and adaptability of those producing crystal methamphetamine. A
more comprehensive strategy that focuses not only on limiting supply but
also on decreasing demand through treatment and prevention programs is
essential. In January 2005, the College of Pharmacy and Nutrition at the
University of Saskatchewan facilitated the development of a methamphetamine
educational pilot project through its Structured Practical Experiences
Program. The program was piloted in a grade 7 class in a community school in
March 2005. It was evaluated through use of pre- and post-test knowledge and
attitude surveys. Interactive learning was achieved by using Personal
Response System technology. Deficiencies in methamphetamine knowledge were
apparent in the youth population and, to a smaller degree, in the parent
population. A substantial knowledge gain in some outcome measures was
achieved by the youth. Pharmacist collaboration with individuals specialized
in the social determinants of drug use may elicit a more positive effect on
attitudes.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ephedrine
methamphetamine
pseudoephedrine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
article
behavior therapy
Canada
controlled study
drug dependence
drug use
health care delivery
health hazard
health program
health survey
human
knowledge management
learning
life satisfaction
outcome assessment
pharmacist
psychosocial care
questionnaire
risk assessment
school child
student attitude
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
ephedrine (299-42-3, 50-98-6)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
pseudoephedrine (345-78-8, 7460-12-0, 90-82-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007609024
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701X(2007)140[366:AOKAAC]2.0.CO;2
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 714
TITLE
Are patients reliable when self-reporting medication use? Validation of
structured drug interviews and home visits by drug analysis and prescription
data in acutely hospitalized patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Glintborg B.
Hillestrøm P.R.
Holm Olsen L.
Dalhoff K.P.
Enghusen Poulsen H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Glintborg B., glintborg@dadlnet.dk; Hillestrøm P.R.; Holm Olsen L.;
Enghusen Poulsen H.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Rigshospitalet,
Copenhagen, Denmark.
(Dalhoff K.P.) Clinical Pharmacologic Department, Bispebjerg Hospital,
Copenhagen, Denmark.
(Glintborg B., glintborg@dadlnet.dk) Department of Clinical Pharmacology
Q7642, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Glintborg, Department of Clinical Pharmacology Q7642, Rigshospitalet,
Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Email: glintborg@dadlnet.dk
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2007) 47:11 (1440-1449). Date of
Publication: November 2007
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
The medication history among hospitalized patients often relies on patients'
self-reports due to insufficient communication between health care
professionals. The aim of the present study was to estimate the reliability
of patients' self-reported medication use. Five hundred patients admitted to
an acute medical department at a Danish university hospital were interviewed
on the day of admission about their recent medication use. Blood samples
drawn immediately after admission were screened for contents of 5 drugs
(digoxin, bendroflumethiazide, amlodipine, simvastatin, glimepiride), and
the results were compared to the patients' self-reported medication history.
Information on prescribed drugs dispensed from any Danish pharmacy was
collected from nationwide real-time pharmacy records. The authors performed
home visits in a subgroup of 115 patients 4 weeks after their discharge.
Stored drugs were inspected, and patients were interviewed about their drug
use. Additional blood samples were drawn for drug analysis. The median age
of included patients was 72 years, and 298 patients (60%) were women.
Patients reported use of 3 (median) prescription-only medications (range,
0-14) during the structured interview. The congruence between self-report
and drug analysis was high for all 5 drugs measured (all kappa >0.8).
However, 9 patients (2%) reported use of drugs that were not detected in
their blood samples. In 29 patients (6%), the blood samples contained drugs
not reported during the structured interview, but 14 of these drugs were
registered in either hospital files or pharmacy records. Overall, the
sensitivity of information from hospital files, structured interviews, and
pharmacy records in identifying drug users was 87% to 93%, with no
significant differences between methods. In conclusion, patients'
self-reports are reliable when estimating recent use of cardiovascular and
antidiabetic drugs. © 2007 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amlodipine (drug concentration, drug therapy)
bendroflumethiazide (drug concentration, drug therapy)
digoxin (drug concentration, drug therapy)
glimepiride (drug concentration, drug therapy)
simvastatin (drug concentration, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
prescription
self report
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
alcoholism
ambulatory care
article
atrial fibrillation
blood analysis
blood sampling
chronic obstructive lung disease
chronic pancreatitis
constipation
controlled study
coronary artery atherosclerosis (drug therapy)
Cushing disease
depression
diabetes mellitus (drug therapy)
drug determination
drug storage
epilepsy
female
heart failure
hospital admission
hospital discharge
hospital patient
human
hypercholesterolemia (drug therapy)
hypertension (drug therapy)
lung cancer
major clinical study
male
medical documentation
osteoporosis
patient compliance
patient information
pharmacy
professional practice
reliability
sample size
screening test
sensitivity and specificity
structured interview
university hospital
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amlodipine (88150-42-9)
bendroflumethiazide (73-48-3)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
glimepiride (93479-97-1)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Endocrinology (3)
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007517410
MEDLINE PMID
17962430 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17962430)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270007307243
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 715
TITLE
Over-the-counter triptans for migraine: What are the implications?
AUTHOR NAMES
Tfelt-Hansen P.
Steiner T.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tfelt-Hansen P., tfelt@inet.uni2.dk) Department of Neurology, University of
Copenhagen, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
(Steiner T.J.) Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Imperial College
London, London, United Kingdom.
(Tfelt-Hansen P., tfelt@inet.uni2.dk) Department of Neurology, Glostrup
Hospital, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Tfelt-Hansen, Department of Neurology, Glostrup Hospital, DK-2600
Glostrup, Denmark. Email: tfelt@inet.uni2.dk
SOURCE
CNS Drugs (2007) 21:11 (877-883). Date of Publication: 2007
ISSN
1172-7047
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay,
Auckland 10, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
In 2006, the triptans sumatriptan 50mg and naratriptan 2.5mg were approved
as over-the-counter (OTC) drugs in pharmacies in the UK and Germany,
respectively. Both drugs have been used in a large number of patients with
migraine and are considered to have good safety profiles. The implications
of OTC triptan availability for clinical practice are that more migraine
patients will use a triptan and will tend to medicate early when their
headache is still mild, which should be beneficial. The problem with OTC
access to triptans is medication overuse; therefore, patients should be
warned of this and advised to use a triptan on fewer than 10 days per month.
Pharmacists should be educated regarding migraine types and symptoms and on
contraindications to triptans, so they are then able to discern the patients
who should receive triptans and, as importantly, those who should not. The
annual cost of migraine is €27 billion in Europe, $US1.4 billion in the UK
and $US16.6 billion in the US. By far the greatest opportunity for
cost-savings comes from the potential to reduce costs associated with lost
productivity from migraine. OTC availability of triptans will inevitably
result in easier access to these medications, which, in turn, may result in
improved treatment and lower migraine-related disability. There is currently
a lack of empirical evidence that treating migraine effectively does in fact
recover lost productivity; well designed studies are required to show this.
The availability of triptans OTC is a logical development for the better
management of a common, benign, self-limiting but nonetheless burdensome
disorder that is currently grossly undertreated. We welcome this
development, but recognise that advice at the point of sale is crucial for
effective and safe use of these drugs. © 2007 Adis Data Information BV. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naratriptan (drug comparison, drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
sumatriptan (drug comparison, drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
eletriptan (drug comparison, drug therapy)
non prescription drug (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
rizatriptan (drug comparison, drug therapy)
triptan derivative (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
migraine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent abuse
clinical practice
cost control
disability
disease severity
drug bioavailability
drug cost
drug safety
Europe
evidence based practice
headache (drug therapy)
health care cost
health care system
human
pharmacist
priority journal
productivity
review
United Kingdom
United States
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Glaxo SmithKline
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
eletriptan (143322-58-1, 177834-92-3)
naratriptan (121679-13-8, 143388-64-1)
rizatriptan (144034-80-0, 145202-66-0)
sumatriptan (103628-46-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007497053
MEDLINE PMID
17927293 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17927293)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 716
TITLE
A survey of propofol abuse in academic anesthesia programs
AUTHOR NAMES
Wischmeyer P.E.
Johnson B.R.
Wilson J.E.
Dingmann C.
Bachman H.M.
Roller E.
Tran Z.V.
Henthorn T.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wischmeyer P.E., Paul.Wischmeyer@UCHSC.edu; Wilson J.E.; Dingmann C.;
Bachman H.M.; Henthorn T.K.) Department of Anesthesiology, University of
Colorado, Denver, CO, United States.
(Johnson B.R.; Roller E.) Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University,
Valparaiso, IN, United States.
(Tran Z.V.) Department of Biostatistics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO,
United States.
(Wischmeyer P.E., Paul.Wischmeyer@UCHSC.edu) Department of Anesthesia,
Leprino Office Building (LOB), 12401 East 17th Ave, B113, Aurora, CO 80045,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.E. Wischmeyer, Department of Anesthesia, Leprino Office Building (LOB),
12401 East 17th Ave, B113, Aurora, CO 80045, United States. Email:
Paul.Wischmeyer@UCHSC.edu
SOURCE
Anesthesia and Analgesia (2007) 105:4 (1066-1071). Date of Publication:
October 2007
ISSN
0003-2999
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, United
States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although propofol has not traditionally been considered a drug
of abuse, subanesthetic doses may have an abuse potential. We used this
survey to assess prevalence and outcome of propofol abuse in academic
anesthesiology programs. METHODS: E-mail surveys were sent to the 126
academic anesthesiology training programs in the United States. RESULTS: The
survey response rate was 100%. One or more incidents of propofol abuse or
diversion in the past 10 yr were reported by 18% of departments. The
observed incidence of propofol abuse was 10 per 10,000 anesthesia providers
per decade, a fivefold increase from previous surveys of propofol abuse (P =
0.005). Of the 25 reported individuals abusing propofol, 7 died as a result
of the propofol abuse (28%), 6 of whom were residents. There was no
established system to control or monitor propofol as is done with opioids at
71% of programs. There was an association between lack of control of
propofol (e.g., pharmacy accounting) at the time of abuse and incidence of
abuse at the program (P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol abuse in academic
anesthesiology likely has increased over the last 10 yr. Much of the
mortality is in residents. Most programs have no pharmacy accounting or
control of propofol stocks. This may be of concern, given that all programs
reporting deaths from propofol abuse were centers in which there was no
pharmacy accounting for the drug. © 2007 by International Anesthesia
Research Society.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
propofol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anesthesiology
article
drug monitoring
e-mail
health program
health survey
human
incidence
medical audit
medical education
pharmacy
prevalence
priority journal
resident
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
propofol (2078-54-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007471881
MEDLINE PMID
17898389 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17898389)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/01.ane.0000270215.86253.30
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 717
TITLE
Improving physician and medical student education in substance use
disorders.
AUTHOR NAMES
Wyatt S.A.
Dekker M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wyatt S.A.; Dekker M.A.) Dual Diagnosis Program, Middlesex Hospital, 28
Crescent St, Middletown, CT 06457, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.A. Wyatt, Dual Diagnosis Program, Middlesex Hospital, 28 Crescent St,
Middletown, CT 06457, USA. Email: wyattsa@sbcglobal.net
SOURCE
The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association (2007) 107:9 Suppl 5
(ES27-38). Date of Publication: Sep 2007
ISSN
0098-6151
ABSTRACT
Medical and psychosocial problems related to substance use disorders (SUDs)
remain a major source of national morbidity and mortality. This situation
exists despite greater understanding of genetic, neurobiologic, and social
underpinnings of the development of these illnesses that has resulted in
many advances in addiction medicine. The value of assessment and brief
intervention of this disease is well documented. Patients need to be
identified and engaged in order for them to be treated. A variety of
evidence-based pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic treatments are now
available. Strong evidence exists that treatment of patients for SUDs
produces results similar to or better than those obtained from treatment for
other chronic illnesses. It is also clear that physicians can play a pivotal
role in helping to reduce the burden of disease related to SUDs However, to
do this, physicians need to be better educated. Through such education comes
greater confidence in identification and providing treatment. Also, the
discomfort and stigma often associated with this disease are reduced. The
federal government-through the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the
Surgeon General, the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, the National
Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
Alcoholism, and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the
Department of Transportation (DOT)-is expending concerted efforts to improve
physician education in addiction medicine. These efforts culminated in the
Second Leadership Conference on Medical Education in Substance Abuse in
December 2006. The osteopathic medical profession was represented at this
conference. This article reviews not only the recommendations from this
meeting, but also the nature of the problem, how members of the osteopathic
medical profession are currently addressing it, and a strategy for
improvement endorsed by the American Osteopathic Academy of Addiction
Medicine.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (prevention)
clinical competence
medical education
medical student
physician
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
review
standard
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17908828 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17908828)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 718
TITLE
Sexual education and temporary total androgen blockade in the fight against
heroin addiction: A new hypothesis
AUTHOR NAMES
La Pera G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(La Pera G., lapera@libero.it) Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini,
Roma, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. La Pera, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Roma, Italy. Email:
lapera@libero.it
SOURCE
Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia (2007) 79:3 (118-121). Date of
Publication: September 2007
ISSN
1124-3562
BOOK PUBLISHER
Edizioni Scripta Manent s.n.c., Via Bassini 41, Milano, Italy.
ABSTRACT
Various theories have been advanced to account for heroin addiction. One of
the causes, upon which little attention has, so far, been focused, concerns
the relationship with testosterone and with sexual distress. In the present
report, a new strategy in the fight against heroin use is proposed which is
based upon the assumption that testosterone, or its metabolites, would exert
on drug seeking behaviours and drug taking behaviours through a direct
effect upon the rewarding circuit or indirectly eliciting the drug craving
and by leading some youths with sexual distress to seek improvement in their
sexual performance with the use of drugs. The new strategy proposed here is
based upon sexual and affectivity education in adolescents to prevent First
Drug Use and for those already addicted, upon sexual and affectivity
education and temporary total androgen blockade with pharmaceutical agents
that, in a reversible fashion, block both the production and the effect of
testosterone and their metabolites until complete disintoxication of drug
use is reached.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiandrogen (drug therapy)
diamorphine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine (drug therapy)
gonadorelin agonist (drug therapy)
methadone (drug dose, drug therapy)
testosterone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
heroin dependence (drug therapy)
sexual education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
behavior
human
juvenile
sexual dysfunction
sexual function
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
testosterone (58-22-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007545466
MEDLINE PMID
18041362 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18041362)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 719
TITLE
Beliefs and social norms about Codeine and Promethazine Hydrochloride Cough
Syrup (CPHCS) use and addiction among multi-ethnic college students
AUTHOR NAMES
Peters Jr. R.
Yacoubian Jr. G.S.
Rhodes W.
Forsythe K.J.
Bowers K.S.
Eulian V.M.
Mangum C.A.
O'Neal J.D.
Martin Q.
Essien E.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Peters Jr. R., Ronald.J.Peters@uth.tmc.edu) University of Texas, School of
Public Health, 7000 Fannin, Houston, TX, United States.
(Yacoubian Jr. G.S.) Pacific Institute for Research Evaluation, Calverton,
MD, United States.
(Rhodes W.) Department of Psychology, Morgan State University, Baltimore,
MD, United States.
(Forsythe K.J.; Bowers K.S.; Eulian V.M.; Mangum C.A.; O'Neal J.D.; Martin
Q.) Department of Health and Human Performance, Prairie View A and M
University, Prairie View, TX, United States.
(Essien E.J.) College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX,
United States.
(Peters Jr. R., Ronald.J.Peters@uth.tmc.edu) 7000 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Peters Jr., 7000 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, United States. Email:
Ronald.J.Peters@uth.tmc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2007) 39:3 (277-282). Date of Publication:
September 2007
ISSN
0279-1072
BOOK PUBLISHER
Haight-Ashbury Publications, 612 Clayton Street, San Francisco, United
States.
ABSTRACT
In this study a qualitative approach is used to investigate relevant beliefs
and norms concerning the consumption, initiation, and perceived addiction of
codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) among 61
college-age students who identified themselves as current CPHCS users. In
general, a majority of students stated that doctors and pharmacists were the
greatest facilitators of CPHCS acquisition. A majority of students believed
that their friends felt codeine promethazine use was "normal" and "cool"
among college students their age, and that reinforcing factors, such as peer
pressure and curiosity, contributed to initial CPHCS use.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
codeine
promethazine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
college student
cultural factor
drug dependence
drug use
ethnic difference
female
human
male
peer pressure
sex difference
social aspect
syrup
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
codeine (76-57-3)
promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007597541
MEDLINE PMID
18159781 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18159781)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 720
TITLE
Training, clinical medication review performance and self-assessed
competence: Investigating influences
AUTHOR NAMES
Laaksonen R.
Bates I.
Duggan C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Laaksonen R.) Pharmacy Practice Group, Department of Pharmacy and
Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
(Laaksonen R.; Bates I.; Duggan C.) Department of Practice and Policy,
School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
(Duggan C.) Academic Department of Pharmacy, The Royal London Hospital,
Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Laaksonen, Pharmacy Practice Group, Department of Pharmacy and
Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2007) 7:3 (257-265). Date of Publication: September 2007
ISSN
1560-2214
1477-2701 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
International Pharmaceutical Federation, PO Box 84200 The Hague, ,
Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of community pharmacists'
training performance on providing clinical medication reviews, and the
influence of their training and medication review performances on their
self-assessed competence in two Primary Care Trusts (PCT) in England. Data
were collected on training and medication reviews, and a postal survey,
developed to measure pharmacists' self-assessed competence, was
administered. Simple regression was used to predict medication review
performance and multiple regression to predict self-assessed competence. The
better the pharmacists' performance in Pharmaceutical care planning module,
the better their performance in suggesting actions to solve drug related
problems (DRPs) in medication reviews. In addition, the better the
pharmacists' performance in suggesting actions to solve DRPs, the poorer
their self-assessed competence in "delivery of patient care" competency
cluster. While the training supported the provision of medication reviews,
pharmacists may need more continuous, individual support and feedback to
further develop their ability to self-assess competence.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical competence
medical education
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
aged
controlled study
elderly care
female
health care delivery
human
information processing
major clinical study
male
multiple regression
pharmacist
postal mail
prediction
primary medical care
priority journal
problem solving
regression analysis
review
treatment planning
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007470068
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15602210701610367
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 721
TITLE
Mental health nursing students' relationships with the pharmaceutical
industry
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashmore R.
Carver N.
Banks D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashmore R., r.j.ashmore@shu.ac.uk; Carver N.) Sheffield Hallam University,
Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Mundella House, Collegiate Crescent, S1
1WB, United Kingdom.
(Banks D.) School of Health and Social Care, University of Teesside, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Ashmore, Sheffield Hallam University, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing,
Mundella House, Collegiate Crescent, S1 1WB, United Kingdom. Email:
r.j.ashmore@shu.ac.uk
SOURCE
Nurse Education Today (2007) 27:6 (551-560). Date of Publication: August
2007
ISSN
0260-6917
1532-2793 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Churchill Livingstone
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The medical profession's relationship with the pharmaceutical
industry (PI) has come under increased scrutiny in recent years, however
little is known on the subject in mental health nursing. Aims: The study
sought to investigate: (1) the frequency of contact between mental health
nursing students and PI employees; (2) students' attitudes and beliefs about
their relationship with the PI; (3) the range of 'gifts', promotional items
and hospitality accepted or seen in clinical environments by students in a
one year period; and (4) students' attitudes to 'gifts', promotional items
and hospitality offered by the industry. Method: Employing a survey design,
a 35-item questionnaire was distributed to 472 students at two universities
in the UK. Data were analysed from 347 respondents by means of descriptive
statistics and simple content analysis. Results: The findings suggest that
students have significant contact with the industry through one-to-one
meetings with pharmaceutical representatives (PRs) and by attending events
giving information on specific drugs or general mental health issues.
Students also identified a number of benefits (e.g. receiving "up-to-date"
information on new drugs) and problems (e.g. the potential influence exerted
on practitioners to use their drugs) arising out of this contact. Most
students (79.8%) had accepted some form of 'gift' from the industry but few
(11.5%) believed it was unacceptable to do so. The presence of promotional
items in the clinical environment was seen as advertising (84.4%) but few
students (19.3%) believed clinical environment should be free of these
items. Over half (57.1%) of the students believed that PRs did not always
give unbiased information but thought that they and mental health nurses in
general would be able to detect any bias. Conclusions: In parallel with
medicine, the study has shown that the pharmaceutical industry has at least
the potential to influence mental health nursing students. Within medicine
this realisation has triggered a vigorous debate on how medical schools
should respond to the promotional activities of the PI. We suggest this
study goes some way to demonstrating there is a need for these issues to be
debated in the education of mental health nurses. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug industry
gift giving
health personnel attitude
nursing student
psychiatric nursing
public relations
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude to health
clinical competence
conflict of interest
drug information
education
epidemiology
ethics
female
health service
human
male
medical ethics
nursing education
nursing methodology research
organization and management
persuasive communication
psychological aspect
qualitative research
questionnaire
United Kingdom
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
17113686 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17113686)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2006.08.016
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 722
TITLE
Adding or switching antipsychotic medications in treatment-refractory
schizophrenia
AUTHOR NAMES
Kreyenbuhl J.
Marcus S.C.
West J.C.
Wilk J.
Olfson M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kreyenbuhl J., jkreyenb@psych.umaryland.edu) Department of Psychiatry,
Division of Services Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Kreyenbuhl J., jkreyenb@psych.umaryland.edu; Marcus S.C.) Department of
Veterans Affairs Capitol Healthcare Network (VISN 5), Mental Illness
Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 737 W. Lombard St., Baltimore, MD
21201, United States.
(West J.C.; Wilk J.) School of Social Policy and Practice, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
(Wilk J.) American Psychiatric Institute for Research and Education,
Arlington, VA, United States.
(Olfson M.) Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York City,
NY, United States.
(Olfson M.) New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City, NY, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Kreyenbuhl, Department of Veterans Affairs Capitol Healthcare Network
(VISN 5), Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 737 W.
Lombard St., Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. Email:
jkreyenb@psych.umaryland.edu
SOURCE
Psychiatric Services (2007) 58:7 (983-990). Date of Publication: July 2007
ISSN
1075-2730
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Psychiatric Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825,
Arlington, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study compared patients with schizophrenia whose
antipsychotic medications were switched to manage treatment-resistant
positive psychotic symptoms with those for whom another antipsychotic was
added. Psychiatrists' characteristics and perceptions of effectiveness of
the medication change on clinical outcomes were also reported. Methods:
Psychiatrists participating in a nationally representative mailed survey
(N=209) reported on the clinical features, management, and response to the
change in antipsychotic medication (added versus switched) of one adult
patient with treatment-refractory schizophrenia under their care for at
least one year. Results: Thirty-three percent of patients were treated with
an added antipsychotic medication. Compared with patients whose
antipsychotic medications were switched, those with an added antipsychotic
medication were more likely to be female, to have received care from the
same psychiatrist for more than two years, and to have been recently
prescribed an antidepressant. Compared with psychiatrists who switched
antipsychotic prescriptions, those who added an antipsychotic reported that
the change was less likely to reduce positive symptoms, improve functioning,
and prevent hospitalization. Psychiatrists who added rather than switched
antipsychotics reported more frequent attendance at educational programs
sponsored by a pharmaceutical company. Conclusions: Consistent with other
lines of research and practice guideline recommendations, psychiatrists
perceive antipsychotic polypharmacy to be a generally ineffective strategy
for treatment-resistant positive psychotic symptoms. In light of these
findings, efforts to identify and implement more effective evidence-based
pharmacologic approaches should be undertaken.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (drug dose, drug therapy)
anxiolytic agent (drug therapy)
aripiprazole (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy)
clozapine (drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy)
olanzapine (drug therapy)
quetiapine (drug therapy)
risperidone (drug therapy)
ziprasidone (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
schizophrenia (drug resistance, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adjuvant therapy
article
clinical feature
combination chemotherapy
controlled study
drug efficacy
drug industry
drug response
drug substitution
female
health program
health survey
human
major clinical study
major depression (diagnosis, drug therapy)
male
prescription
psychiatrist
substance abuse
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aripiprazole (129722-12-9)
clozapine (5786-21-0)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
risperidone (106266-06-2)
ziprasidone (118289-78-4, 122883-93-6, 138982-67-9, 199191-69-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007367911
MEDLINE PMID
17602016 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17602016)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.58.7.983
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 723
TITLE
The costs and consequences of three policy options for reducing heroin
dependency
AUTHOR NAMES
Moore T.J.
Ritter A.
Caulkins J.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Moore T.J.; Ritter A., alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au) Turning Point Alcohol and
Drug Centre, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.
(Ritter A., alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au) National Drug and Alcohol Research
Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
(Caulkins J.P.) Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Moore T.J.; Ritter A., alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au) Turning Point Alcohol and
Drug Centre, 54 - 62 Gertrude Street, Fitzroy, Vic. 3065, Australia.
(Ritter A., alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au) National Drug and Alcohol Research
Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
(Ritter A., alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au) Regulatory Institutions Network,
Australian National University, .
(Caulkins J.P.) Carnegie Mellon University, Qatar Campus, H. John Heinz III
School of Public Policy and Management, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA
15213, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Ritter, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, NSW
2052, Australia. Email: alison.ritter@unsw.edu.au
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Review (2007) 26:4 (369-378). Date of Publication: July
2007
ISSN
0959-5236
1465-3362 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Taylor and Francis Ltd.
ABSTRACT
This study compares the costs and consequences of three interventions for
reducing heroin dependency: pharmacotherapy maintenance, residential
rehabilitation and prison. Using Australian data, the interventions'
cost-consequence ratio was estimated, taking into consideration reduction in
heroin use during the intervention; the length of intervention; and
post-intervention effects (as measured by abstinence rates). Sensitivity
analyses were conducted, including varying the magnitude and duration of
treatment effects, and ascribing positive outcomes only to treatment
completers. A hybrid model that combined pharmacotherapy maintenance with a
prison term was also considered. If the post-programme abstinence rates are
sustained for 2 years, then for an average heroin user the cost of averting
a year of heroin use is approximately AUD$5000 for pharmacotherapy
maintenance, AUD$11 000 for residential rehabilitation and AUD$52 000 for
prison. Varying the parameters does not change the ranking of the
programmes. If the completion rate in pharmacotherapy maintenance was raised
above 95% (by the threat of prison for non-completers), the combined model
of treatment plus prison may become the most cost-effective option. Relative
performance in terms of costs and consequences is an important consideration
in the policy decision-making process, and quantitative data such as those
reported herein can provide insights pertinent to evidence-based policy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
methadone (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug control
health care policy
heroin dependence (prevention, rehabilitation)
law enforcement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Australia
cost benefit analysis
drug dependence treatment
economics
evaluation study
human
legal aspect
methodology
patient compliance
prison
prospective study
quality adjusted life year
residential care
treatment outcome
utilization review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
MEDLINE PMID
17564872 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17564872)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230701373883
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 724
TITLE
Evaluation of a pilot medication therapy management project within the North
Carolina State Health Plan.
AUTHOR NAMES
Christensen D.B.
Roth M.
Trygstad T.
Byrd J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Christensen D.B.; Roth M.; Trygstad T.; Byrd J.) Division of Pharmaceutical
Outcomes and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.B. Christensen, Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA.
Email: dalechristensen@whidbey.com
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2007) 47:4
(471-483). Date of Publication: 2007 Jul-Aug
ISSN
1544-3450 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of a pharmacist-based medication
therapy management (MTM) service for North Carolina State Health Plan
enrollees. DESIGN: Before/after design with two control groups. SETTING:
Community pharmacies and an ambulatory care clinic in North Carolina serving
patients from October 2004 to March 2005. PARTICIPANTS: 67 patients who used
a large number of prescription drugs, 10 community/ambulatory care
pharmacists, and more than 600 participants from two control groups.
INTERVENTIONS: Pharmacist-conducted MTM reviews for volunteering patients.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Process measures (type and frequency of drug therapy
problems detected and services performed), economic measures (number and
cost of medications dispensed), and humanistic measures (patient
satisfaction with services). RESULTS: Pharmacists identified an average of
3.6 potential drug therapy problems (PDTPs) per patient at the first visit.
The most common PDTP categories were "potential underuse" and "more
cost-effective drug available." Pharmacist actions were divided nearly
equally between activities that would result in increased and decreased drug
use. Pharmacists recommended a drug therapy change in about 50% of patients
and contacted the prescriber more than 85% of the time. About 50% of
patients with PDTPs had a change in drug therapy. Prescription use during
the postintervention period decreased in both the study and control groups
but was statistically significant only among the control groups. No
significant differences were observed in patient co-payment or insurer
prescription costs. Pharmacists provided the following educational services:
medication use (90%), disease management (88%), adherence, and self-care
(60%). Survey results indicated that patients highly valued the service.
CONCLUSION: A voluntary MTM program targeted at ambulatory patients using a
large number of medications reduced the number of PDTPs but did not
necessarily result in reductions in prescription drug use or cost. Nearly
all patients received some form of medication adherence or disease education
associated with problem detection and resolution. Patient satisfaction
levels with the service were very high.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care planning
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
disease management
drug therapy (adverse drug reaction)
economics
human
legal aspect
medicare
methodology
middle aged
patient satisfaction
pharmacist
pilot study
professional standard
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17616493 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17616493)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1331/JAPhA.2007.06111
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 725
TITLE
The effects of angiotensin II and captopril on expression of morphine
withdrawal signs in rat
AUTHOR NAMES
Hosseini M.
Alaei H.
Sharifi M.R.
Shafei M.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hosseini M., smhosseini49@Hotamil.com; Shafei M.N.) Department of
Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran.
(Alaei H.; Sharifi M.R.) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine,
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Hosseini, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad
University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Email:
smhosseini49@Hotamil.com
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2007) 6:3 (185-191). Date of
Publication: Summer 2007
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran,
Iran.
ABSTRACT
The mechanisms of drug dependence and rewarding properties of opiates are
not exactly known and several neurotransmitters seem to be involved. It is
possible that the rennin-angiotensin system could interact with the opioid
system, since it has been shown that angiotensin II(Ang) and ACE inhibitors
have analgesic, anticonvulsant and antidepression effects and in some cases
they could antagonize the effect of morphine. In the present study, the
effect of Ang II and captopril on withdrawal signs was evaluated. Male
wistar rats were anesthetized and i.c.v cannula implanted and allowed to
recover from surgery. Morphine was injected (i.p, 3 times a day) for 4 days
to induce morphine dependence. The animals were divided into 3 groups and
received saline, captopril, Ang II, and i.c.v, before naloxone injection.
Naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal signs, compared to the morphine
dependent rats in saline, captopril and Ang II groups. Results showed that
in the captopril group, some of the withdrawal signs were significantly
lower than the saline group (p<0.05 and p<0.01). In the Ang II group, some
of the withdrawal signs were greater than the saline group (p<0.01 and
p<0.001). Considering the fact that captopril can reduce endogenous opioid
degradation, it could probably reduce the morphine withdrawal signs in this
way. On the other hand, captopril and Ang II can interact with dopamine,
serotonin, substance p, acetylcholine or nitric oxide in different brain
regions and alter morphine withdrawal signs. Copyright © 2007 by School of
Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health
Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
angiotensin II (drug comparison, drug therapy, intracerebroventricular drug
administration, pharmacology)
captopril (drug comparison, drug therapy, intracerebroventricular drug
administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylcholine (endogenous compound)
dopamine (endogenous compound)
endorphin (endogenous compound)
morphine
naloxone
nitric oxide (endogenous compound)
serotonin (endogenous compound)
substance P (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine addiction
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
dopaminergic system
drug mechanism
locus ceruleus
male
nonhuman
rat
renin angiotensin aldosterone system
Wistar rat
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Iran)Darou Pakhsh
(United States)Sigma
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylcholine (51-84-3, 60-31-1, 66-23-9)
angiotensin II (11128-99-7)
captopril (62571-86-2)
dopamine (51-61-6, 62-31-7)
endorphin (60118-07-2)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
nitric oxide (10102-43-9)
serotonin (50-67-9)
substance P (33507-63-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008022463
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 726
TITLE
Medication overuse headache
AUTHOR NAMES
Lenaerts M.E.
Couch J.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lenaerts M.E., marc-lenaerts@ouhsc.edu; Couch J.R.) Headache Section,
Department of Neurology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center,
Oklahoma City, OK, United States.
(Lenaerts M.E., marc-lenaerts@ouhsc.edu) Headache Section, Department of
Neurology, Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center, 711, Stanton L. Young
Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.E. Lenaerts, Headache Section, Department of Neurology, Oklahoma
University Health Sciences Center, 711, Stanton L. Young Blvd, Oklahoma
City, OK 73104, United States. Email: marc-lenaerts@ouhsc.edu
SOURCE
Minerva Medica (2007) 98:3 (221-231). Date of Publication: June 2007
ISSN
0026-4806
BOOK PUBLISHER
Edizioni Minerva Medica S.p.A., Corso Bramante 83-85, Turin, Italy.
ABSTRACT
Medication overuse headache is a common feature underlying chronic headache,
especially migraine. It also represents a major therapeutic challenge,
especially in headache specialty clinics where it can represent the majority
of patients. The syndrome remains under-diagnosed and the role of
symptomatic medication overuse underestimated. Physicians should be properly
educated in this area of pain, for prevention of this too often intractable
syndrome could be improved. The basis of therapy is discontinuance of the
abused medication. Additional treatment relies on a multifaceted approach
that embraces management of psychiatric comorbidities and emphasizes patient
education. Various pharmacological regimens, abortive and prophylactic, are
available. Further scientific study is warranted to elucidate the ultimate
mechanisms of this syndrome and define more effective treatments. This
article gives detailed clinical description, tentative pathophysiologic
explanation and therapeutic suggestions.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (drug therapy)
amitriptyline (drug therapy)
analgesic agent (drug combination, drug therapy)
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
anxiolytic agent (drug therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug combination, drug interaction,
drug therapy)
butalbital (drug therapy)
butorphanol (drug therapy)
codeine (drug therapy)
dihydroergotamine (drug combination, drug therapy, intravenous drug
administration, subcutaneous drug administration)
doxepin (drug combination, drug therapy)
ergotamine (drug therapy)
hydrocodone (drug combination, drug therapy)
hydroxyzine (drug combination, drug therapy)
meclofenamate sodium (drug therapy)
metoclopramide (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration)
morphine sulfate (drug therapy)
nalbuphine (drug therapy)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug combination, drug therapy)
opiate (drug combination, drug therapy)
oxycodone (drug therapy)
paracetamol (drug combination, drug therapy)
pethidine (drug therapy)
propranolol (drug therapy)
steroid (drug dose, drug therapy)
topiramate (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy)
tramadol (drug therapy)
triptan derivative (drug combination, drug therapy)
unindexed drug
valproic acid (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
headache (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
comorbidity
disease predisposition
drug abuse
drug dose reduction
drug potentiation
human
intractable pain
migraine (drug therapy)
pathogenesis
patient education
phonophobia
prevalence
prognosis
prophylaxis
review
tension headache (drug therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
butalbital (51005-25-5, 77-26-9)
butorphanol (42408-82-2)
codeine (76-57-3)
dihydroergotamine (511-12-6)
doxepin (1229-29-4, 1668-19-5)
ergotamine (113-15-5, 52949-35-6)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2)
meclofenamate sodium (6385-02-0)
metoclopramide (12707-59-4, 2576-84-3, 364-62-5, 7232-21-5)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
nalbuphine (20594-83-6, 23277-43-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Italian
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007500721
MEDLINE PMID
17592444 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17592444)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 727
TITLE
An innovative pharmaceutical care practical course.
AUTHOR NAMES
Bulatova N.R.
Aburuz S.
Yousef A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bulatova N.R.; Aburuz S.; Yousef A.M.) Department of Biopharmaceutics &
Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Queen Rania
Street, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.R. Bulatova, Department of Biopharmaceutics & Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
SOURCE
Advances in health sciences education : theory and practice (2007) 12:2
(211-222). Date of Publication: May 2007
ISSN
1382-4996
ABSTRACT
The innovative practical course was developed to improve the students'
ability to acquire pharmaceutical care skills. The primary components of the
course were in-school training using small group discussions and hospital
experience including identification, analysis, prevention and resolution of
drug-therapy problems, patient counseling on their medications and diseases,
and interaction with medical team. Specific objectives of the research were
to (1) compare students' performance before and after the course, (2)
measure students' perceptions of their pharmaceutical care skills before and
after the course, (3) determine students' perception of the value of the
course. Statistical comparison of pre-test and post-test grades indicated
both a retention and acquiring pharmaceutical care skills. A pre-course and
post-course survey instrument was designed to measure students' perception
of their pharmaceutical care skills. Perception of most of the items of the
survey was significantly improved at the end of the course. Overall, the
majority of students were highly satisfied with the course. In conclusion,
the present study demonstrates that the innovative pharmaceutical care
practical course was successfully introduced.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical competence
education
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
curriculum
hospital pharmacy
human
methodology
patient education
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17041786 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17041786)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10459-006-0001-8
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 728
TITLE
The effect of multiple doses of peginterferon alfa-2b on the steady-state
pharmacokinetics of methadone in patients with chronic hepatitis C
undergoing methadone maintenance therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Gupta S.K.
Sellers E.
Somoza E.
Angles L.
Kolz K.
Cutler D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gupta S.K., samir.gupta@spcorp.com; Kolz K.; Cutler D.L.) Schering-Plough
Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ, United States.
(Sellers E.) Ventana Clinical Research Corporation, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Somoza E.) Cincinnati Addiction Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, United
States.
(Angles L.) Heart of America Research, Shawnee Mission, KS, United States.
(Gupta S.K., samir.gupta@spcorp.com) Schering-Plough Research Institute
K15-22745, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.K. Gupta, Schering-Plough Research Institute K15-22745, 2015 Galloping
Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, United States. Email:
samir.gupta@spcorp.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2007) 47:5 (604-612). Date of Publication:
May 2007
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
This multicenter, open-label study evaluated the effects of multiple doses
of peginterferon alfa-2b on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of methadone
in 20 adults with hepatitis C virus infection who were enrolled in a
methadone maintenance program. All subjects received peginterferon alfa-2b
1.5 μg/kg/wk for 4 weeks and maintained their normal methadone regimen.
Serial blood samples were collected immediately before the first and after
the fourth peginterferon alfa-2b dose (day 23). At day 23, exposure to the
active methadone R-enantiomer increased by approximately 15% following
administration of peginterferon alfa-2b, with 90% confidence intervals just
outside the bioequivalence criteria (range, 80%-125%). Similar increases in
exposure (C(max), AUC (0-24), and AUC(last)) were observed with S-methadone
and total methadone. Peginterferon alfa-2b was well tolerated. Peginterferon
alfa-2b is associated with minor increases in exposure to methadone in
individuals with hepatitis C virus infection; however, these increases are
unlikely to be clinically meaningful and are not associated with any safety
concerns. ©2007 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (clinical trial, drug concentration, drug dose, drug interaction,
drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
peginterferon alpha2b (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
concentration, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics,
subcutaneous drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
paracetamol (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hepatitis C (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal pain (side effect)
adult
anorexia (side effect)
anxiety
area under the curve
article
asthenia (side effect)
bioequivalence
blood sampling
blurred vision (side effect)
clinical article
clinical trial
cold sensation
confidence interval
confusion (side effect)
depression (side effect)
dose response
drug dependence (drug therapy)
drug effect
drug eruption (side effect)
drug fatality (side effect)
drug fever (side effect)
drug induced headache (side effect)
drug safety
drug tolerability
fatigue (side effect)
female
flu like syndrome (drug therapy)
herpes simplex (side effect)
hot flush (side effect)
human
hyperhidrosis (side effect)
hypertriglyceridemia (side effect)
hypesthesia (side effect)
injection site contusion (side effect)
injection site inflammation (side effect)
injection site reaction (side effect)
insomnia (side effect)
intravenous drug abuse
irritability
leukopenia (side effect)
maintenance therapy
male
maximum plasma concentration
musculoskeletal pain (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
neutropenia (side effect)
repeated drug dose
retching (side effect)
rhinorrhea (side effect)
rigor (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
thrombocytopenia (side effect)
treatment duration
treatment response
tremor (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
weakness (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
peginterferon alpha2b (215647-85-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007199114
MEDLINE PMID
17400820 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17400820)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270007299760
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 729
TITLE
Methadone-associated long QT syndrome: Improving pharmacotherapy for
dependence on illegal opioids and lessons learned for pharmacology
AUTHOR NAMES
Ehret G.B.
Desmeules J.A.
Broers B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ehret G.B., georg@rhone.ch) Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Mckusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United
States.
(Desmeules J.A.) Geneva University Hospital, Division of Clinical
Pharmacology and Toxicology, 24 Rue Micheli du Crest, CH 1211 Geneva 14,
Switzerland.
(Broers B.) Geneva Univesity Hospital, Department of Community Haalth, 24
Rue Micheli du Crest, CH 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.B. Ehret, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Mckusick Nathans
Institute of Genetic Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States. Email:
georg@rhone.ch
SOURCE
Expert Opinion on Drug Safety (2007) 6:3 (289-303). Date of Publication: May
2007
ISSN
1474-0338
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, 69-77 Paul Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Methadone is used as the pharmacologic mainstay for substitution for illegal
opiates and as analgesic for chronic or cancer-related pain. Given the
benefits of methadone substitution for illicit opioids, the finding of an
association between methadone and prolongation of cardiac depolarization (QT
prolongation) and torsades de pointes is of great concern. QT prolongation
can occur with many drugs and is a potentially lethal adverse drug reaction,
necessitating risk monitoring and therapeutic alternatives in some patients.
Recent studies suggest that QT prolongation with methadone is context
dependent: occurrence is more frequent with high doses of methadone,
concomitant administration of CYP3A4 inhibitors, hypokalemia, hepatic
failure, administration of other QT prolonging drugs and pre-existing heart
disease. The valued benefit of methadone substitution therapy on the one
hand and the increased cardiovascular risk in particular situations on the
other illustrate the difficulties in dealing with drug-induced QT
prolongation in general. © 2007 Informa UK Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug analysis, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug dose, drug
interaction, drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, rectal drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiarrhythmic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
interaction)
antibiotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
antiemetic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
antihistaminic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug interaction)
buprenorphine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
calcium channel blocking agent (drug interaction)
cytochrome P450 2B6 (endogenous compound)
cytochrome P450 2C19 (endogenous compound)
cytochrome P450 2D6 (endogenous compound)
cytochrome P450 3A4 (endogenous compound)
cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
therapy)
cytochrome P450 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
therapy)
diamorphine (drug therapy)
homococaine (drug toxicity)
hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (drug interaction)
levacetylmethadol (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
macrolide (drug interaction)
mood stabilizer (drug therapy)
morphine (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination)
potassium channel HERG (endogenous compound)
potassium channel KCNQ1 (endogenous compound)
prokinetic agent (drug interaction)
proteinase inhibitor (drug interaction)
psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
quinine (drug toxicity)
unclassified drug
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
long QT syndrome (side effect, diagnosis, etiology, side effect)
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesic activity
anaphylaxis (side effect)
bradycardia (side effect)
cancer pain (complication, drug therapy)
cardiovascular disease (side effect)
cardiovascular risk
chronic pain (drug therapy)
clinical trial
constipation (side effect)
dose response
drug absorption
drug bioavailability
drug blood level
drug brain level
drug distribution
drug elimination
drug fatality (side effect)
drug half life
drug hypersensitivity (side effect)
drug megadose
drug metabolism
drug monitoring
drug overdose
drug protein binding
drug structure
dysphoria (side effect)
electrocardiogram
endocrine disease (side effect)
euphoria
evidence based medicine
generalized edema (side effect)
genetic polymorphism
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
heart depolarization
heart disease
high risk patient
human
hyperhidrosis (side effect)
hyperprolactinemia (side effect)
hypokalemia
liver failure
mental disease (side effect)
methadone treatment
neuropathic pain (drug therapy)
nonhuman
outcome assessment
patient education
pharmacodynamics
pharmacogenetics
polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (side effect)
pruritus (side effect)
QT interval
QT prolongation (diagnosis, etiology, side effect)
respiration depression (side effect)
respiratory arrest (side effect)
review
risk benefit analysis
risk factor
risk reduction
sedation
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
sudden death
torsade des pointes (side effect)
urinary hesitancy (side effect)
urticaria (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
cytochrome P450 2B6 (330207-11-9)
cytochrome P450 3A4 (329736-03-0)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
homococaine (529-38-4)
levacetylmethadol (34433-66-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
proteinase inhibitor (37205-61-1)
quinine (130-89-2, 130-95-0, 14358-44-2, 549-48-4, 549-49-5, 60-93-5,
7549-43-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007243321
MEDLINE PMID
17480178 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17480178)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14740338.6.3.289
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 730
TITLE
Are there sex differences associated with the effects of
ecstasy/3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)?
AUTHOR NAMES
Allott K.
Redman J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Allott K., kelly.allott@med.monash.edu.au; Redman J.) Department of
Psychology, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Allott, Department of Psychology, Monash University, Vic. 3800,
Australia. Email: kelly.allott@med.monash.edu.au
SOURCE
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2007) 31:3 (327-347). Date of
Publication: 2007
ISSN
0149-7634
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Sex has been identified as an important factor in moderating the effects of
several drugs of abuse. Given the increasing popularity of ecstasy
(3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine [MDMA]) use, it is important for
researchers and clinicians to understand the factors that may influence its
pharmacological actions to improve education, harm reduction and treatment
efforts. This review focuses on preclinical and clinical research that
examines the role of sex as an independent variable in the effects of
ecstasy/MDMA. A systematic search of PsycINFO and MEDLINE electronic
databases from 1966 to April 2006 was conducted. Both preclinical and
clinical studies show a sexually dimorphic pattern in the acute, subacute
and possibly long-term effects of ecstasy/MDMA. Specifically, adult females
are more sensitive than males to the acute and subacute physical and
psychological effects of ecstasy/MDMA and long-term alterations in aspects
of 5-HT functioning. Conversely, males are more sensitive to the acute
physiological effects of ecstasy/MDMA. These findings are consistent with
research outcomes reported for other substances such as amphetamines and
cocaine. Potential reasons for these sex differences and directions for
future research are discussed. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine
cocaine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
sex difference
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
behavior
clinical research
cognition
human
lethality
locomotion
mental function
neurophysiology
neurotransmission
nonhuman
outcomes research
priority journal
psychological aspect
reference database
review
sensorimotor function
serotonin syndrome
sex ratio
stereotypy
strain difference
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007084262
MEDLINE PMID
17109962 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17109962)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.009
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 731
TITLE
Training psychiatrists to treat dual diagnosis patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Renner Jr. J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Renner Jr. J.A., john.renner@med.va.gov) Department of Psychiatry, Boston
University School of Medicine, VA Outpatient Clinic, 251 Causeway Street,
Boston, MA 02114, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Renner Jr., Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of
Medicine, VA Outpatient Clinic, 251 Causeway Street, Boston, MA 02114,
United States. Email: john.renner@med.va.gov
SOURCE
Journal of Dual Diagnosis (2007) 3:2 (125-136). Date of Publication: 22 Mar
2007
ISSN
1550-4263
1550-4271 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, United States.
ABSTRACT
Despite the high incidence of dual diagnosis patients in most treatment
settings, psychiatrists have not been adequately trained to care for
patients with substance use disorders and co-occurring psychiatric
disorders. Brief rotations on detoxification or substance abuse
rehabilitation units do not provide the type of training that is needed to
develop the long-term management skills required to successfully treat these
patients. Boston University Medical Center has developed an expanded
addiction psychiatry curriculum that is coupled with a 2-year longitudinal
rotation on a dual diagnosis outpatient unit. Residents receive in-depth
training in cognitive behavioral and harm reduction therapy, motivational
enhancement treatment, and addiction pharmacotherapy. Trainees need to work
with psychiatrists who respect these patients and are willing to take
responsibility to manage both SUD and co-occurring disorders. A longitudinal
training experience is an ideal model for learning appropriate addiction
treatment skills and for gaining confidence in the efficacy of these
treatments. Copyright © by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
medical practice
mental disease (diagnosis)
psychiatrist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
behavior therapy
cognition
conference paper
detoxification
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
diagnostic procedure
differential diagnosis
human
medical profession
motivation
substance abuse
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007299504
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J374v03n02_14
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 732
TITLE
Continuing education: Drugs of abuse: A pharmacist's guide
AUTHOR NAMES
Tebbett I.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tebbett I.R.) Forensic Science Program, College of Pharmacy University of
Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I.R. Tebbett, Forensic Science Program, College of Pharmacy University of
Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
SOURCE
Drug Topics (2007) 151:6. Date of Publication: 19 Mar 2007
ISSN
0012-6616
BOOK PUBLISHER
Advanstar Communications, One Park Avenue, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Drugs have been abused throughout history, suggesting that efforts to
eradicate drug abuse will never be completely successful. One only has to
look at tobacco as an example of a drug that everyone knows is harmful and
addictive, and yet millions still use it. However, the good news is that,
through education, fewer young people are choosing to smoke than in previous
generations, but the cost to society through health care is still enormous.
Similarly, attempts to legislate against drug use are not a solution. The
prohibition of alcohol in the 1920s and '30s in the United States did little
to prevent alcohol use and instead resulted in an increase in organized
crime. Only through understanding the causes of drug abuse, identifying the
symptoms and consequences, and educating the public can we make an impact on
the numbers of lives affected by drug misuse. Pharmacists, tasked with
filling prescriptions and counseling patients on drug use, are in an ideal
position for identifying potential drug abuse and misuse, and as a resource
as well for other healthcare professionals on the effects and dangers of
drug misuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine derivative (drug comparison, pharmacology)
anandamide
atropine
barbituric acid derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug toxicity, oral drug
administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
cannabis (drug therapy, pharmacology)
chlordiazepoxide (drug comparison)
cocaine (drug comparison)
codeine (drug therapy)
dextromethorphan (drug therapy)
dextropropoxyphene (drug therapy)
diamorphine (drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, subcutaneous
drug administration)
diazepam (drug comparison, drug interaction)
dihydrocodeine (drug therapy)
diphenoxylate (drug therapy)
dronabinol (pharmacology)
ketamine (drug comparison, intravenous drug administration, oral drug
administration)
lorazepam (drug comparison)
meprobamate
methadone (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
morphine (buccal drug administration, drug interaction, drug therapy,
intramuscular drug administration, intranasal drug administration,
intraspinal drug administration, intravaginal drug administration, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, rectal drug administration, subcutaneous
drug administration, sublingual drug administration)
nalorphine (drug interaction)
naloxone (drug interaction)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, drug therapy, intravenous
drug administration, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology, transdermal drug administration)
oxycodone (drug therapy)
pethidine (drug therapy)
phencyclidine (drug comparison, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
sedative agent (pharmacology)
triazolam (drug comparison)
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anxiety disorder (drug therapy)
constipation (side effect)
coughing (drug therapy)
diarrhea (drug therapy)
drug control
drug mechanism
drug metabolism
drug safety
glaucoma (drug therapy)
human
lung edema (drug therapy)
pain (drug therapy)
pharmacist
review
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
marinol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
anandamide (94421-68-8)
atropine (51-55-8, 55-48-1)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
dihydrocodeine (125-28-0, 24204-13-5, 5965-13-9)
diphenoxylate (3810-80-8, 915-30-0)
dronabinol (7663-50-5)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
meprobamate (57-53-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
nalorphine (1041-90-3, 57-29-4, 62-67-9)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1)
triazolam (28911-01-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007582601
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 733
TITLE
Neurobiology of cocaine addiction: Implications for new pharmacotherapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Kalivas P.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kalivas P.W., kalivasp@musc.edu) Department of Neurosciences, Medical
University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
(Kalivas P.W., kalivasp@musc.edu) Department of Neurosciences, BSB403, 173
Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.W. Kalivas, Department of Neurosciences, BSB403, 173 Ashley Ave.,
Charleston, SC 29425, United States. Email: kalivasp@musc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal on Addictions (2007) 16:2 (71-78). Date of Publication:
March/April 2007
ISSN
1055-0496
1521-0391 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69 - 77 Paul Street, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The development of pharmacotherapies for cocaine addiction has been
disappointingly slow. However, new neurobiological knowledge of how the
brain is changed by chronic pharmacological insult with cocaine is revealing
novel targets for drug development. Certain drugs currently being tested in
clinical trials tap into the underlying cocaine-induced neuroplasticity,
including drugs promoting GABA or inhibiting glutamate transmission. Armed
with rationales derived from a neurobiological perspective that cocaine
addiction is a pharmacologically induced disease of neuroplasticity in brain
circuits mediating normal reward learning, one can expect novel
pharmacotherapies to emerge that directly target the biological pathology of
addiction. Copyright © American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine (drug dose, drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid (endogenous compound)
dopamine (endogenous compound)
glutamic acid (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine dependence (etiology)
neurobiology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptive behavior
article
brain function
chronic drug administration
dopamine brain level
dopamine release
dopaminergic activity
dopaminergic nerve cell
dopaminergic transmission
GABAergic transmission
human
learning
nerve cell plasticity
reward
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
4 aminobutyric acid (28805-76-7, 56-12-2)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
dopamine (51-61-6, 62-31-7)
glutamic acid (11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007199780
MEDLINE PMID
17453607 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17453607)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10550490601184142
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 734
TITLE
Mechanisms of prescription drug diversion among drug-Involved club- and
street-based populations
AUTHOR NAMES
Inciardi J.A.
Surratt H.L.
Kurtz S.P.
Cicero T.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Inciardi J.A., jainyc@aol.com; Surratt H.L.; Kurtz S.P.) Center for Drug
and Alcohol Studies, University of Delaware, Coral Gables, FL 33134, United
States.
(Cicero T.J.) School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Inciardi, Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies, University of Delaware,
Coral Gables, FL 33134, United States. Email: jainyc@aol.com
SOURCE
Pain Medicine (2007) 8:2 (171-183). Date of Publication: March 2007
ISSN
1526-2375
1526-4637 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. Prescription drug diversion involves the unlawful channeling of
regulated pharmaceuticals from legal sources to the illicit marketplace, and
can occur along all points in the drug delivery process, from the original
manufacturing site to the wholesale distributor, the physician's office, the
retail pharmacy, or the patient. However, empirical data on diversion are
limited. Method. In an attempt to develop a better understanding of how
specific drug-using populations are diverting prescription opioids and other
medications, or obtaining controlled drugs that have already been diverted,
qualitative interviews and focus group data were collected on four separate
populations of prescription drug abusers in Miami, Florida-club drug users,
street-based illicit drug users, methadone maintenance patients, and HIV
positive individuals who abuse and/or divert drugs. Results. Sources of
abused prescription drugs cited by focus group participants were extremely
diverse, including their physicians and pharmacists; parents and relatives;
"doctor shopping" leftover supplies following an illness or injury; personal
visits to Mexico, South America and the Caribbean; prescriptions intended
for the treatment of mental illness; direct sales on the street and in
nightclubs; pharmacy and hospital theft; through friends or acquaintances;
under-the-door apartment flyers advertising telephone numbers to call; and
"stealing from grandma's medicine cabinet." Conclusion. While doctor
shoppers, physicians and the Internet receive much of the attention
regarding diversion, the data reported in this paper suggest that there are
numerous active street markets involving patients, Medicaid recipients and
pharmacies as well. In addition, there are other data which suggest that the
contributions of residential burglaries, pharmacy robberies and thefts, and
"sneak thefts" to the diversion problem may be understated. © American
Academy of Pain Medicine.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug toxicity)
alcohol (drug toxicity)
alprazolam (drug toxicity)
antidepressant agent (drug toxicity)
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy, drug toxicity)
cannabis (drug toxicity)
cocaine (drug toxicity)
codeine (drug toxicity)
diamorphine (drug toxicity)
diazepam (drug toxicity)
efavirenz (drug therapy, drug toxicity)
hydrocodone (drug toxicity)
hydromorphone (drug toxicity)
illicit drug (drug toxicity)
methadone (drug therapy)
methamphetamine (drug toxicity)
methylphenidate (drug toxicity)
morphine (drug toxicity)
opiate (drug toxicity)
oxycodone (drug toxicity, pharmacoeconomics)
paroxetine (drug toxicity)
phentermine (drug toxicity)
quetiapine (drug toxicity)
ritonavir (drug therapy, drug toxicity)
sertraline (drug toxicity)
sildenafil (drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug traffic
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
advertizing
article
Central America
controlled study
drug cost
drug dependence (drug therapy)
drug manufacture
drug marketing
female
forgery
friend
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
information processing
Internet
interview
major clinical study
male
medicaid
mental disease
Mexico
parental behavior
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
physician
prescription
relative
South America
telephone
theft
United States
DRUG TRADE NAMES
dilaudid
norvir
oxycontin
paxil
seroquel
sustiva
viagra
xanax
zoloft
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
alcohol (64-17-5)
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
efavirenz (154598-52-4)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
phentermine (1197-21-3, 122-09-8)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
ritonavir (155213-67-5)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
sildenafil (139755-83-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007085076
MEDLINE PMID
17305688 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17305688)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00255.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 735
TITLE
Effect of tizanidine, rilmenidine, and yohimbine on naloxon-induced morphine
withdrawal syndrome in mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Hajhashemi V.
Minaiyan M.
Seyedabadi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hajhashemi V., hajhashemi@pharm.mui.ac.ir; Minaiyan M.; Seyedabadi M.)
Department of Pharmacology, The Isfahan Pharmaceutical Science Research
Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Hajhashemi, Department of Pharmacology, The Isfahan Pharmaceutical
Science Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,
Iran. Email: hajhashemi@pharm.mui.ac.ir
SOURCE
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (2007) 6:2 (115-121). Date of
Publication: Spring 2007
ISSN
1735-0328
1726-6890 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, P.O. Box 14155-6153, Tehran,
Iran.
ABSTRACT
In this study using clonidine (a mixed α(2)/ I(1), receptors agonist),
tizanidine (pure α (2)-receptor agonist), rilmenidine (I(1), receptor
agonist) and yohimbine (α(2)-receptor antagonist), we tried to clarify the
role of imidazoline and α (2)-receptors in morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Morphine-dependence was induced by administration of increasing doses of
morphine in mice. After the last administration of morphine, clonidine (0.3
mg/kg, i.p.), tizanidine (1 and 2 mg/kg, i.p.) and rilmenidine (1.5 and 3
mg/kg, i.p.), with/without pretreatment with yohimbine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) were
administered 30 min before naloxone (5 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge. Withdrawal
symptoms including: jumping, ptosis, piloerection, tremor and diarrhea were
recorded. Rilmenidine (3 mg/kg) decreased naloxone-induced jumping and this
effect was partially inhibited by yohimbine. Rilmenidine (1.5 mg/kg),
tizanidine and clonidine had no significant effect on jumping. None of drugs
influenced ptosis. All drugs increased piloerection and decreased diarrhea.
Clonidine and tizanidine decreased tremor. We conclude that Imidazoline
receptors as well as α(2) receptors are involved in morphine withdrawal
symptoms and yohimbine as an α2-antagonist can suppress at least some
effects of imidazoline agonists. It is suggested that α2-receptors are
located down-stream to imidazoline receptors and their blockade can inhibit
imidazoline effects. Copyright © 2007 by School of Pharmacy Shaheed Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine
rilmenidine (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
tizanidine (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
yohimbine (drug comparison, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alpha 2 adrenergic receptor (endogenous compound)
clonidine (drug comparison, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
imidazoline receptor (endogenous compound)
naloxone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine addiction (drug therapy, etiology)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, etiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alpha adrenergic receptor blocking
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
diarrhea
dose response
drug dose comparison
drug mechanism
jumping
male
mouse
nonhuman
pathogenesis
protein function
ptosis
reflex
tremor
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Switzerland)Novartis
(United States)Sigma
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
rilmenidine (54187-04-1)
tizanidine (51322-75-9, 64461-82-1)
yohimbine (146-48-5, 65-19-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007565265
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 736
TITLE
Current and future drug therapies for alcohol dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Rosenthal R.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rosenthal R.N., rrosenthal@chpnet.org) Columbia University College of
Physicians and Surgeons, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY,
United States.
(Rosenthal R.N., rrosenthal@chpnet.org) Columbia University College of
Physicians and Surgeons, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, 1090
Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10025, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.N. Rosenthal, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, St.
Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, 1090 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10025,
United States. Email: rrosenthal@chpnet.org
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (2006) 26:6 SUPPL. 1 (S20-S29). Date
of Publication: Dec 2006
ISSN
0271-0749
ABSTRACT
Managing the treatment of alcohol dependence is challenging due to the
chronic, relapsing nature of the disease and the need for education about
available pharmacotherapies. An increased understanding of the
neurochemistry underlying alcohol dependence and improved clinical trial
methodology has led to the development and use of medications in conjunction
with psychosocial therapy for this disorder. Psychosocial interventions have
been widely used as a method to support abstinence and reduce drinking
behaviors; however, psychosocial support without pharmacological treatment
has had limited success, with nearly half the patients relapsing within the
first year. Currently, 3 US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs are
available for the treatment of alcohol dependence-disulfiram, naltrexone
(oral and injectable), and acamprosate. Each drug is effective in reducing
drinking via different biological mechanisms. Acamprosate and naltrexone
demonstrate promise in the successful management of chronic alcohol use.
Meta-analyses of clinical trials show that acamprosate may be best for
achieving outcomes such as maintaining complete abstinence, whereas oral
naltrexone is best for decreasing the number of heavy drinking days. A
long-acting injectable form of naltrexone demonstrated a reduced event rate
of heavy drinking, consistent with oral naltrexone data. Although
inconsistent in clinical efficacy outcomes, selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors may be beneficial in certain subsets of alcoholics. Other drugs
currently being investigated for the treatment of alcohol dependence are
serotonin type 3 antagonists, anticonvulsants, and atypical antipsychotics.
© 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acamprosate (clinical trial, drug combination, drug therapy, oral drug
administration)
amisulpride (drug therapy)
anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy)
disulfiram (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, oral drug
administration)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
haloperidol (drug therapy)
naltrexone (clinical trial, drug combination, drug therapy, intramuscular
drug administration, oral drug administration)
naltrexone
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy)
olanzapine (clinical trial, drug therapy)
ondansetron (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
topiramate (clinical trial, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol abstinence
alcohol consumption
anxiety
asthenia (side effect)
behavior therapy
cholestatic hepatitis
clinical trial
cognitive therapy
conference paper
constipation (side effect)
decreased appetite (side effect)
diaphoresis
diarrhea (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
flatulence (side effect)
flushing
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
headache (side effect)
hepatitis (side effect)
human
injection site pain (side effect)
insomnia (side effect)
liver toxicity (side effect)
memory disorder (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
nervousness
neuritis (side effect)
optic neuritis (side effect)
paresthesia (side effect)
priority journal
pruritus (side effect)
psychomotor retardation (side effect)
psychosis (side effect)
psychosocial care
rash (side effect)
relapse
side effect (side effect)
tachycardia (side effect)
upper respiratory tract infection (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
weight reduction
DRUG TRADE NAMES
antabuse
campral
revia
vivitrol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
amisulpride (71675-85-9)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
olanzapine (132539-06-1)
ondansetron (103639-04-9, 116002-70-1, 99614-01-4)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006567846
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jcp.000246223.94119.cd
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 737
TITLE
Wild plants used as medicinal purpose in Yalova (Northwest Turkey)
AUTHOR NAMES
Koçyiǧit M.
Özhatay N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Koçyiǧit M., minekocyigit@hotmail.com; Özhatay N.) Istanbul University,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, 34416
Beyazit-Istanbul, Turkey.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Koçyiǧit, Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of
Pharmaceutical Botany, 34416 Beyazit-Istanbul, Turkey. Email:
minekocyigit@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2006) 3:2 (91-103). Date of
Publication: 2006
ISSN
1304-530X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Turkish Pharmacists Association, Willy Brandt Str. 9, Cankaya Ankara,
Turkey.
ABSTRACT
In this study, medicinal uses and methods of administration of 45 wild plant
taxa belonging to 27 families in Yalova are documented. The plant specimens
were collected with informants. During the field works all the settlements
(58 villages) were visited. The information was recorded and the collected
plants were identified and prepared voucher specimens were kept in the
Herbarium of Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy (ISTE).
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
herbaceous agent (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
latex
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medicinal plant
wild plant
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abscess (drug therapy)
alcoholism (drug therapy)
amenorrhea (drug therapy)
anemia (drug therapy)
anesthesia
angiosperm
Apiales
Araliaceae
arteriosclerosis (drug therapy)
article
Asteraceae
asthma (drug therapy)
bioinformatics
bronchitis (drug therapy, side effect)
burn (drug therapy)
callus (drug therapy)
Caprifoliaceae
chicory
chill (drug therapy)
Clusiaceae
common cold symptom (drug therapy)
coughing (drug therapy)
cucumber
Cupressaceae
cystitis (drug therapy)
diabetes mellitus (side effect)
drug synthesis
eczema (drug therapy)
embolism (drug therapy)
epistaxis (drug therapy)
Equisetaceae
ethnobotany
experimental study
female sterility (drug therapy)
flower
fracture (drug therapy)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
gingiva disease (drug therapy)
headache (drug therapy)
heart disease (drug therapy)
heat stroke (drug therapy)
hemorrhoid (drug therapy)
hepatitis (drug therapy)
herb
herpes simplex (drug therapy)
hip disease (drug therapy)
human
hypotension (drug therapy)
infertility (drug therapy)
insomnia (drug therapy)
ischialgia (drug therapy)
jaundice (drug therapy)
kidney disease (drug therapy)
knee pain (drug therapy)
large intestine hemorrhage (drug therapy)
liver disease (drug therapy)
Malvaceae
metritis (drug therapy)
neoplasm (drug therapy)
nephrolithiasis (drug therapy)
nocturnal enuresis (drug therapy)
Oleaceae
otalgia (drug therapy)
parasitosis (drug therapy)
Plantaginaceae
Poaceae
prostatitis (drug therapy)
Ranunculaceae
respiratory tract infection (drug therapy)
rheumatic disease (drug therapy)
Rosaceae
scabies (drug therapy)
sinusitis (drug therapy)
skin disease (side effect)
snakebite (drug therapy)
sore throat (drug therapy)
stomach hemorrhage (drug therapy)
stomach pain (drug therapy)
stomach ulcer (drug therapy)
tea
tooth pain (drug therapy)
Turkey (republic)
ulcer (drug therapy)
urethritis (drug therapy)
Urticaceae
verruca vulgaris (drug therapy)
Vitaceae
vitiligo (drug therapy)
willow
wound healing (drug therapy)
Zygophyllaceae
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Turkish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007309084
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 738
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability after single and multiple oral
doses of varenicline in elderly smokers
AUTHOR NAMES
Burstein A.H.
Fullerton T.
Clark D.J.
Faessel H.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Burstein A.H.; Fullerton T.; Clark D.J.; Faessel H.M.) Department of
Medical and Developmental Sciences, Groton, CT, United States.
(Faessel H.M.) Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics,
Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, CT, United States.
(Burstein A.H.) Pfizer Global R and D, Groton/New London Labs., MS8260-2505,
Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.H. Burstein, Pfizer Global R and D, Groton/New London Labs., MS8260-2505,
Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2006) 46:11 (1234-1240). Date of
Publication: November 2006
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Varenicline is a novel selective α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine partial
agonist developed for smoking cessation. This study investigated the single-
and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of varenicline
in elderly (≥65 years) smokers. Twenty-four elderly smokers with normal
renal function for their age (estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 70 mL/min)
received varenicline 1 mg once daily (n = 8) or placebo (n = 4) for 7 days,
or 1 mg twice daily (n = 8) or placebo (n = 4) for 6 days with a single dose
on day 7 in a double-blind, parallel group and placebo-controlled design.
There was no evidence of concentration- or time-dependent changes in
varenicline pharmacokinetics upon repeat dosing. Once- and twice-daily
dosing was associated with an approximate 2-fold and 3-fold increase,
respectively, in systemic exposure to varenicline. Varenicline was well
tolerated; all adverse events reported were mild to moderate in intensity.
Thus, no dose adjustment is necessary based on age alone. ©2006 the American
College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
varenicline (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist (adverse drug
reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
creatinine (endogenous compound)
nicotinic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug
therapy)
nicotinic receptor (endogenous compound)
partial agonist (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug
therapy)
placebo
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
smoking
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
area under the curve
article
asthenia (side effect)
backache (side effect)
chill (side effect)
clinical article
clinical trial
constipation (side effect)
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
creatinine clearance
disease severity
dizziness (side effect)
double blind procedure
drug blood level
drug clearance
drug dose regimen
drug exposure
drug half life
drug safety
drug tolerability
dyspepsia (side effect)
female
headache (side effect)
human
male
multiple drug dose
nausea (side effect)
pain (side effect)
randomized controlled trial
renal clearance
single drug dose
somnolence (side effect)
taste disorder (side effect)
tremor (side effect)
United States
vomiting (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
creatinine (19230-81-0, 60-27-5)
varenicline (249296-44-4, 375815-87-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006504176
MEDLINE PMID
17050788 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17050788)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270006291837
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 739
TITLE
A capital approach: Tobacco treatment and cessation within Nova Scotia's
Capital Health District.
AUTHOR NAMES
Jolemore S.
Steeves D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jolemore S.; Steeves D.) Capital Health Addiction Prevention & Treatment
Services, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Jolemore, Capital Health Addiction Prevention & Treatment Services,
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
SOURCE
Healthcare quarterly (Toronto, Ont.) (2006) 9:3 (66-70). Date of
Publication: 2006
ISSN
1710-2774
ABSTRACT
Inspired by Nova Scotia's comprehensive Tobacco Control Strategy and in an
effort to support Capital Health's 100% smoke-free policy, the Addiction
Prevention and Treatment Services (APTS) branch of Capital District Health
Authority researched, designed and implemented an innovative tobacco
intervention program. The success of the Capital approach, combining peer
support, adult education concepts, addictions treatment knowledge, and free
pharmacological aids, has sparked interest and dialogue among Canadian and
American addictions professionals. The following article describes the
rationale, guiding principles, key components and future directions of
APTS's "To Be Tobacco Free" program.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
smoking (prevention)
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Canada
counseling
government regulation
health care policy
human
legal aspect
methodology
organization
organization and management
program development
residential care
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
16826769 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16826769)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 740
TITLE
Prescription drug abuse: What is being done to address this new drug
epidemic? Testimony before the subcommittee on criminal justice, drug policy
and human resources
AUTHOR NAMES
Manchikanti L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Manchikanti L., drm@apex.net) American Society of Interventional Pain
Physicians, Paducah, KY, United States.
(Manchikanti L., drm@apex.net) Pain Management Center of Paducah, 2831 Lone
Oak Road, Paducah, KY 42003, United States.
(Manchikanti L., drm@apex.net) Department of Anesthesiology and
Perioperative Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Manchikanti, 2831 Lone Oak Road, Paducah, KY 42003, United States. Email:
drm@apex.net
SOURCE
Pain Physician (2006) 9:4 (287-321). Date of Publication: October 2006
ISSN
1533-3159
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians, Pain Physicians, 81
Lakeview Drive, Paducah, United States.
ABSTRACT
This comprehensive health policy review of the prescription drug abuse
epidemic is based on the written and oral testimony of witnesses at a July
26, 2006 Congressional Hearing, including that of Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD,
the chief executive officer of the American Society of Interventional Pain
Physicians and additions from review of the literature. Honorable Mark E.
Souder, chairman of the Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Drug Policy, and
Human Resources, introduced the issue as follows: "Prescription drug abuse
today is second only to marijuana abuse. In the most recent household
survey, initiates to drug abuse started with prescription drugs (especially
pain medications) more often than with marijuana. The abuse of prescription
drugs is facilitated by easy access (via physicians, the Internet, and the
medicine cabinet) and a perception of safety (since the drugs are FDA
approved). in addition to the personal toll of drug abuse using prescription
drugs, indirect costs associated with prescription drug abuse and diversion
include product theft, commission of other crimes to support addiction, law
enforcement costs, and encouraging the practice of defensive medicine." The
Administration witnesses, Bertha Madras, Nora D. Volkow, MD, Sandra Kweder,
MD, and Joe Rannazzisi reviewed the problem of drug abuse and discussed what
is being done at the present time as well as future strategies to combat
drug abuse, including prescription drug monitoring programs, reducing
malprescriptions, public education, eliminating Internet drug pharmacies,
and the development of future drugs which are not only tamper-resistant but
also non-addictive. The second panel, consisting of consumers and advocates,
included Misty Fetco, Linda Surks, and Barbara van Rooyan, all of whom lost
their children to drugs, presented their stories and strategies to prevent
drug abuse, focusing on education at all levels, development of resistant
drugs, and non-opioid treatment of chronic pain. Mathea Falco, JD, and
Stephen E. Johnson presented issues related to drug abuse and measures to
curb drug abuse by various means. Stephen J. Pasierb presented startling
statistics on teen drug abuse and various educational programs to deter
abuse. Laxmaiah Manchikanti, MD presented an overview of prescription drug
abuse, strategies to prevent drug abuse, including immediate funding and
rapid implementation of NASPER, education at all levels and improving
relations with the DEA and the provider community.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine
alprazolam
analgesic agent (drug therapy)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy)
cannabis
carisoprodol
clonazepam
cocaine
diamorphine
diazepam
dopamine (endogenous compound)
fentanyl
hydrocodone (drug therapy)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus ibuprofen
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (drug therapy)
hydromorphone
illicit drug
lorazepam
methadone (drug therapy)
methylphenidate (intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration,
pharmacology)
morphine sulfate
opiate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy, oral
drug administration, pharmacoeconomics)
oxycodone (drug therapy, pharmaceutics)
oxycodone plus paracetamol
oxycodone plus paracetamol
paracetamol
perocet
placebo
psychedelic agent
sedative agent
tranquilizer
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain (disease management, drug therapy)
criminal justice
drug misuse (disease management, prevention)
health care policy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cancer pain (drug therapy)
cannabis addiction
clinical trial
controlled release formulation
cost of illness
criminal behavior
drug cost
drug dependence treatment
drug efficacy
drug safety
epidemic
food and drug administration
health care access
health care financing
health education
health program
human
Internet
law enforcement
low back pain (drug therapy)
malpractice
patient attitude
pharmacy
prescription
review
tablet formulation
unspecified side effect (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
astramorph
ativan
dilaudid
duramorph
klonopin
lorcet
lortab
ms contin
oxycontin
perocet
remoxy Pain Therapeutics
ritalin
roxanol
roxicet
soma
tylenol
valium
vicodin
xanax
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Pain Therapeutics
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
carisoprodol (78-44-4)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
diazepam (439-14-5)
dopamine (51-61-6, 62-31-7)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006551514
MEDLINE PMID
17066115 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17066115)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 741
TITLE
Prevalence of drug-related problems and cost-savings opportunities in
Medicaid high utilizers identified by a pharmacist-run drug regimen review
center
AUTHOR NAMES
LaFleur J.
McBeth C.
Gunning K.
Oderda L.
Steinvoort C.
Oderda G.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(LaFleur J., joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu; McBeth C.; Gunning K.; Oderda
L.; Steinvoort C.; Oderda G.M.) Drug Regimen Review Center, Department of
Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT,
United States.
(LaFleur J., joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu) 421 Wakara Way, #208, Salt Lake
City, UT 84108, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. LaFleur, 421 Wakara Way, #208, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
Email: joanne.lafleur@pharm.utah.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy (2006) 12:8 (677-685). Date of Publication:
October 2006
ISSN
1083-4087
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP), 100 North Pitt St., Suite 400,
Alexandria, United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Despite numerous reports of state Medicaid drug utilization
review (DUR) programs, little data are available about the prevalence of
drug-related problems (DRPs) in Medicaid patients. A university-based,
pharmacist-run DUR program for high utilizers was created as an alternative
to imposition of a statutory limit of 7 medications per month in the Utah
Medicaid program in 2002. The DUR program was designed to suggest ways that
high-utilizing patients could decrease their total number of medications to
7 or fewer prior to imposition of the 7-medication limit at some time in the
future. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience in 1 Medicaid DUR program and
to report the prevalence of DRPs and cost-saving opportunities (CSOs) among
a population of Medicaid recipients who were high utilizers of prescription
drugs. METHODS: DRPs were identified by 5 clinical pharmacists employed by
the Drug Regimen Review Center (DRRC) in Salt Lake City. The purpose of the
center was to provide drug therapy review services for a select number of
Utah Medicaid recipients (200-300 per month) who exceeded a 7-medication
limit during the calendar years 2003 and 2004. RESULTS: Out of 391,890
eligible Medicaid recipients, 242,411 (62%) received at least 1 medication,
and 16,958 (4.3%) exceeded the 7-medication limit during the review period.
Of those exceeding the limit, the DRRC reviewed a total of 3,706 (21.9%)
patients, representing the highest utilizers by volume of medication. The
prevalence of DRPs considered clinically important in the review cohort was
79.7% of patients, including therapeutic duplications in 54.6% of patients,
dose form optimization in 29.7%, and inappropriate uncoordinated care in
25.3%. The average pharmacy cost per month for patients with at least 1 DRP
was $1,081; by contrast, the average pharmacy cost per month for all other
patients receiving at least 1 prescription was $91. CONCLUSIONS:
Approximately 4% of Medicaid recipients exceeded the 7-medication monthly
limit. Among the 22% highest utilizers in this group, 48% of nursing home
residents and 87% of ambulatory recipients had at least 1 DRP, or an overall
rate of 80% of high-use Medicaid recipients or as much as 3.2% of the
Medicaid population. Copyright© 2006, Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy. All
rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aciclovir (drug therapy)
adrenalin
amfebutamone
amitriptyline (adverse drug reaction)
atorvastatin
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
carisoprodol (drug therapy)
ciprofloxacin (drug interaction, pharmacology)
citalopram
diphenhydramine (adverse drug reaction)
erythromycin (adverse drug reaction)
hydrochlorothiazide (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
hydrocodone (drug combination)
hyoscyamine (adverse drug reaction)
ipratropium bromide plus salbutamol
paracetamol (drug combination)
paroxetine
promethazine (adverse drug reaction)
propranolol
quetiapine (drug therapy)
rosuvastatin
salbutamol
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sertraline
sumatriptan (adverse drug reaction)
theophylline (drug interaction, pharmacology)
thioridazine (adverse drug reaction)
unindexed drug
venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose)
ziprasidone (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease (epidemiology)
drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
blurred vision (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
controlled study
cost control
drug inhibition
drug potentiation
female
genital herpes (drug therapy)
health care cost
health care policy
health care utilization
health program
health service
heart arrest (side effect)
heart infarction (side effect)
human
hypertension (drug therapy, side effect)
major clinical study
male
medicaid
mucosal dryness (side effect)
musculoskeletal disease (drug therapy)
pharmacist
prescription
QT prolongation (side effect)
recommended drug dose
schizophrenia (drug therapy)
sedation
side effect (side effect)
torsade des pointes (side effect)
treatment duration
United States
unspecified side effect (side effect)
urine retention (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
combivent
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aciclovir (59277-89-3)
adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
atorvastatin (134523-00-5, 134523-03-8)
carisoprodol (78-44-4)
ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4)
hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hyoscyamine (101-31-5, 306-03-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
quetiapine (111974-72-2)
rosuvastatin (147098-18-8, 147098-20-2)
salbutamol (18559-94-9)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
sumatriptan (103628-46-2)
theophylline (58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9)
thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
ziprasidone (118289-78-4, 122883-93-6, 138982-67-9, 199191-69-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007448441
MEDLINE PMID
17269846 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17269846)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 742
TITLE
Workplace-based cardiovascular risk management by community pharmacists:
Impact on blood pressure, lipid levels, and weight
AUTHOR NAMES
John E.J.
Vavra T.
Farris K.
Currie J.
Doucette W.
Button-Neumann B.
Osterhaus M.
Kumbera P.
Halterman T.
Bullock T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(John E.J.; Vavra T.; Farris K., karen-farris@uiowa.edu; Currie J.; Doucette
W.) Division of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
(Button-Neumann B.) Division of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy,
University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas, MO, United States.
(Osterhaus M.; Bullock T.) Osterhaus Pharmacy, Maquoketa, IA, United States.
(Kumbera P.; Halterman T.) Outcomes Pharmaceutical Health Care, Des Moines,
IA, United States.
(Farris K., karen-farris@uiowa.edu) S512 PHAR, University of Iowa College of
Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA 52242-1112, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Farris, S512 PHAR, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA
52242-1112, United States. Email: karen-farris@uiowa.edu
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2006) 26:10 (1511-1517). Date of Publication: October 2006
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Study Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a community
pharmacist-delivered cardiovascular case-management program by comparing
body mass index (weight), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and full
lip id profile at the beginning of the program with these outcome measures
at the end of the program. Design. Retrospective data analysis using billing
data submitted between July 1, 2001, and October 31, 2004, with a pre-post
design in which subjects served as their own controls. Setting.
Manufacturing workplace in rural Iowa. Participants. Fifty-six workers with
risk factors for cardiovascular disease (mean age 40.67 yrs), 37 had
diabetes mellitus and 19 did not. Intervention. During visits to the
workers, pharmacists provided education about cardiovascular disease,
identification of drug therapy problems, and importance of routine blood
pressure, pulse, and weight measurements; they communicated with
participants' physicians as needed. Measurements and Main Results. The
number of pharmacist visits/ participant ranged from 1-13 (mean ± SD 6.97 ±
3.05). Outcome measures were weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressures,
full lipid profiles (in patients with diabetes), and percentage of patients
achieving treatment goal by the end of the 3 years. Statistically
significant differences between the first and last visits were achieved for
both systolic (124.12 ± 11.07 and 120.36 ± 14.39 mm Hg, respectively,
p=0.016) and diastolic (80.4 ± 9.01 and 77.43 ± 9.14 mm Hg, respectively,
p=0.019) blood pressure. The 19 patients without diabetes showed a
statistically significant improvement in diastolic blood pressure (p=0.039),
but the 37 patients with diabetes did not show a significant difference. A
nonsignificant increase was seen in the percentage of patients with diabetes
achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) level goal between the
first and last visits (p=0.06). Conclusion. A cardiovascular case-management
program delivered in the workplace to middle-aged working adults by
community pharmacists improved blood pressure and reduced LDL levels. The
program was not effective, however, in weight reduction.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
lipid (endogenous compound)
low density lipoprotein cholesterol (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cardiovascular risk
workplace
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
body mass
diabetes mellitus
diastolic blood pressure
female
human
lipid blood level
major clinical study
male
pharmacist
rural area
systolic blood pressure
weight reduction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
lipid (66455-18-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006492183
MEDLINE PMID
16999661 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16999661)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1592/phco.26.10.1511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 743
TITLE
Analgesic effect of cestrum nocturnum L. extract on mice
AUTHOR NAMES
Huang L.-G.
Zhang X.-C.
Xiao H.
Ye H.-Y.
Zeng J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Huang L.-G.) Center for Education, Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000
Jiangxi Province, China.
(Zhang X.-C.) Department of Clinical Speciality, Gannan Medical College,
Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province, China.
(Xiao H.; Ye H.-Y.; Zeng J.) Department of Pharmacology, Gannan Medical
College, Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi Province, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Zheng, Department of Pharmacology, Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou 341000
Jiangxi Province, China.
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation (2006) 10:35 (172-174). Date of
Publication: 20 Sep 2006
ISSN
1671-5926
BOOK PUBLISHER
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative, P.O. Box 1200, Shenyang, China.
ABSTRACT
Background: It has been considered that Cestrum nocturnum L. (CNL) has the
effects of antiarrhythmia, local anesthesia and central inhibition.
Objective: To. investigate the analgesic effect of CNL extract on mice, so
as to find new drugs for clinical treatment of pain. Design: A randomized
control observation. Setting: Center of Modern Education and Department of
Pharmacology, Gannan Medical College. Materials: The experiments were
carried out in the laboratory of scientific research center, Gannan Medical
College between March and April in 2005. 1 A total of 150 healthy adult
Kunming mice were used in four independent experiments. 2 Drugs: CNL extract
was provided by the Department of Phytochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical
University (batch number: 2002080901), morphine hydrochloride injection by
Shenyang No.1 Pharmaceutical Factory (batch number: 000305), and naloxone
hydrochloride injection by Yanqiao (Hunan) Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., (batch
number: 20021109). Methods: 1 Effects of CNL extract on writhing times
induced by acetic acid: Forty female mice were randomly divided into four
groups with 10 mice in each, and they were treated with intraperitoneal
injections of 0.02 mUg saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 0.10 mg/g
aminophenazone respectively. The intraperineal injection of 6 g/L glacial
acetic acid was given after 15 minutes. The writhing times of mice within 15
minutes were observed and recorded in each group. 2 Effects of CNL extract
on the pain induced by hot pla in mice: Forty female mice were randomly
divided into four groups with 10 mice in each, and they were treated with
intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extract
and 0.10 mg/g morphine respectively. The pain responses were detected at 15,
30 and 60 minutes after administration. 3 The antagonistic effect of
naloxone on morphine and CNL extract to the pain induced by hot plate in
mice: Thirty female mice were randomly divided into three groups with 10
mice in each group, and they were given intraperitoneal injections of 0.02
mL/g saline, naloxone 0.004 mg/g +morphine 0.01 mg/g and naloxone 0.004
mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g respectively. The pain responses were detected at
15, 30 and 60 minutes after administration respectively. 4 Effects of CNL
extract on electrostimulation induced pain in mice: Forty mice were randomly
divided into four groups with 10 mice in each group, and they were
administrated with intraperineal injections of 0.02 mL/g saline, 0.10 and
0.20 mg/g CNL extract and 1 g/L morphine respectively. Repeated
electrostimulations were given at 20, 35, 50 and 70 minutes after
administration, and the pain responses were detected by means of
electrostimulation. Main Outcome Measures: 1 Writhing times; 2 Time for the
pain response induced by hot plate; 3 Analgesic rate induced by
electrostimulation. Results: Totally 150 healthy adult Kunming mice were
used in the four independent experiments, and all were involved in the
analysis of results. 1 Writhing times in the mice: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL
extracts and 0.10 mg/g aminophenazone had very significant analgesic effects
on writhing induced by acetic acid in mice, and the writhing times after
administration were all fewer than those in the saline group (20.2±10.8,
14.5±7.6, 7.6±4.5, 50.6±15.5, P < 0.01), and the analgesic effects of CNL
extract were dose-dependently. 2 Time for the pain response induced by hot
plate: 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g CNL extracts had significant analgesic effects on
the pain induced by hot plate, and the time for pain sensation at 15, 30 and
60 minutes after administration were all longer than those in the saline
group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the analgesic effect was dose-dependently.
The times for pain sensation at each time point after administration in the
naloxone 0.004 mg/g+CNL extract 0.01 mg/g group were all longer than those
in the saline group, but those were close between the naloxone 0.004 mg/g+
morphine 0.01 mg/g group and the saline group. 3 Analgesic rate induced by
electrostimulation in the mice: The analgesic rates at 20, 35, 50 and 70
minutes after administration in the CNL extract 0.10 and 0.20 mg/g groups
were all higher than those in the saline group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our
data suggested that CNL extract has obvious analgesic effect, and the
analgesic intensity is dose-dependently. Naloxone, an opiate receptor
antagonist, can antagonize the analgesic effect of morphine, but cannot
antagonize that of CNL extract on mice with pain induced by hot plate, which
indicates that CNL extract exert its analgesic role not through binding with
opiate receptor.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesic agent (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
Cestrum nocturnum extract (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
Chinese drug (drug combination, drug comparison, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aminophenazone (drug comparison, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration)
morphine (drug combination, drug comparison, drug interaction, drug therapy,
intraperitoneal drug administration)
naloxone (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy, intraperitoneal
drug administration)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesic activity
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
animal experiment
animal model
article
Cestrum
Cestrum nocturnum
controlled study
drug efficacy
drug potentiation
electrostimulation
female
male
mouse
nonhuman
pain (drug therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aminophenazone (58-15-1, 8058-63-7)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Chinese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007043534
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 744
TITLE
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of pharmacists concerning prescription
drug abuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Lafferty L.
Hunter T.S.
Marsh W.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lafferty L.) In Depth Programs, San Francisco, CA, United States.
(Hunter T.S.) University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Tulsa, OK, United
States.
(Marsh W.A.) Nova Southeastern University, College of Pharmacy, Davie, FL,
United States.
(Hunter T.S.) University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, 4502 East 41st
Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.S. Hunter, University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, 4502 East 41st
Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2006) 38:3 (229-232). Date of Publication:
September 2006
ISSN
0279-1072
BOOK PUBLISHER
Haight-Ashbury Publications, 612 Clayton Street, San Francisco, United
States.
ABSTRACT
This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and professional practices of
pharmacists regarding addiction and patient use of controlled medications.
This research project explored the relationship between pharmacy education,
perceived and actual knowledge, and professional interactions as it pertains
to problems surrounding dependency and addiction. A questionnaire of 25
items was administered at three separate continuing education programs in
Florida in 2005. A total of 484 surveys were completed. Pharmacists (67.5%)
reported participating in two hours or less of addiction/substance abuse
education in pharmacy school. Of particular concern was that 29.2% reported
having received no addiction education. Pharmacists who had greater amounts
of addiction-specific education had a higher likelihood of correctly
answering questions relating to the science of addiction and substance abuse
counseling. In addition, pharmacists who reported more education counseled
patients more frequently and felt more confident about counseling. A
majority of respondents (53.7%) reported that they had never referred a
patient to drug treatment in their career. These findings suggest that the
neurobiological basis for addictive diseases, standards of care, and pain
management guidelines were not widely understood by the sample. More
research should be undertaken to determine the educational needs of
practicing pharmacists to enable them to assume a leadership role in
detecting, preventing, and treating prescription drug abuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
pharmacist attitude
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
career
continuing education
demography
human
neurobiology
pain
professional practice
questionnaire
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006564123
MEDLINE PMID
17165365 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17165365)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 745
TITLE
An exploratory study of socio-cultural factors contributing to prescription
drug misuse among college students
AUTHOR NAMES
Quintero G.
Peterson J.
Young B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Quintero G.) Department of Anthropology, University of Montana, United
States.
(Peterson J.) Edward R. Murrow School of Communication, Washington State
University, United States.
(Young B.) Departments of Anthropology and Public Health, University of New
Mexico, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Quintero, Department of Anthropology, University of Montana, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Drug Issues (2006) 36:4 (903-932). Date of Publication: Fall 2006
ISSN
0022-0426
BOOK PUBLISHER
Journal of Drug Issues Inc., Hecht House, 634 W. Call Street, Tallahassee,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Although recent increases in collegiate prescription drug misuse have
generated a great deal of concern, there are few analyses available that
examine the socio-cultural factors influencing these trends. This article
attempts to address this gap in knowledge by providing an analysis of
several socio-cultural factors influencing pharmaceutical misuse by college
students. Prescription drugs are put to a number of different purposes in
the collegiate setting, including self-medication, socio-recreation, and
academic functioning. Such misuse is acceptable in a social context where
individuals deliberately attempt to experiment with drugs. Widespread
knowledge regarding effects, dosages, and compatibilities with other drugs,
coupled with the extensive availability of pharmaceuticals in collegiate
social circles, makes this class of drugs an attractive alternative to other
psychoactive substances. These factors underscore several implications for
substance abuse prevention efforts on college campuses and suggest a number
of important issues for further research. © 2006 by the Journal of Drug
Issues.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
amfebutamone (drug toxicity)
amitriptyline (drug toxicity)
amphetamine (drug toxicity)
antidepressant agent (drug toxicity)
caffeine (drug toxicity)
carisoprodol (drug toxicity)
clonazepam (drug toxicity)
dextropropoxyphene (drug toxicity)
diazepam (drug toxicity)
fexofenadine (drug toxicity)
fluoxetine (drug toxicity)
gabapentin (drug toxicity)
hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (drug toxicity)
ketamine (drug toxicity)
lorazepam (drug toxicity)
methylphenidate (drug toxicity)
neuroleptic agent (drug toxicity)
opiate (drug toxicity)
oxycodone (drug toxicity)
oxycodone plus paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
pethidine (drug toxicity)
phenobarbital (drug toxicity)
phentermine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
sildenafil (drug toxicity)
tramadol (drug toxicity)
trazodone (drug toxicity)
unindexed drug
zolpidem tartrate (drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
adult
article
college student
controlled study
cultural factor
drug dependence (side effect)
female
human
interview
male
morphine addiction (side effect)
narcotic dependence (side effect)
obesity (drug therapy)
pain (drug therapy)
prescription
recreation
self medication
sleep disorder (drug therapy)
social aspect
substance abuse
DRUG TRADE NAMES
percocet
xanax
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
caffeine (58-08-2)
carisoprodol (78-44-4)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
diazepam (439-14-5)
fexofenadine (138452-21-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0)
phentermine (1197-21-3, 122-09-8)
sildenafil (139755-83-2)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
zolpidem tartrate (99294-93-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007034858
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 746
TITLE
Alcohol use in Czech pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Trojáčková A.
Višňovský P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Trojáčková A., trojackova.alena@vlada.cz; Višňovský P.) Faculty of Pharmacy
in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech
Republic.
(Trojáčková A., trojackova.alena@vlada.cz) National Monitoring Centre for
Drugs and Drug Addiction, Office of the Government of the Czech Republic,
Prague, Czech Republic.
(Trojáčková A., trojackova.alena@vlada.cz) Office of the Government of the
Czech Republic, National Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction,
Nabrezi Edvarda Benese 4, 118 01 Prague 1, Czech Republic.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Trojáčková, Office of the Government of the Czech Republic, National
Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Nabrezi Edvarda Benese 4,
118 01 Prague 1, Czech Republic. Email: trojackova.alena@vlada.cz
SOURCE
Central European Journal of Public Health (2006) 14:3 (117-121). Date of
Publication: September 2006
ISSN
1210-7778
BOOK PUBLISHER
Czech National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 48, Prague, Czech
Republic.
ABSTRACT
In academic years 2002/3-2004/5, the use of alcohol was investigated by
anonymous questionnaire in 1,032 first and third year pharmacy students in
the Czech Republic. Frequencies of beer, wine and spirits use, the age of
the first contact with alcoholic beverages, the age of the first drunkenness
and the frequency of drunkenness in the last month were ascertained. Average
age of the first contact with alcoholic beverages was 12.9 years. 40.5% and
10.9% of students reported regular and hazardous drinking, respectively,
with significantly higher proportion of men than women. Hazardous alcohol
drinking significantly increased between academic years 2002/3 and 2004/5,
no significant differences were found in the proportion of non-drinkers and
regular alcohol drinkers over the 3-year-period of the survey. Both regular
and hazardous drinking patterns were significantly related to the financial
situation of the students. Significant associations were also found between
alcohol consumption and using of both licit and illicit drugs of abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
illicit drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol intoxication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
adult
alcohol consumption
article
controlled study
Czech Republic
drug abuse
female
health survey
human
major clinical study
male
pharmacy student
questionnaire
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006466604
MEDLINE PMID
17152222 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17152222)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 747
TITLE
Teaching pharmacovigilance to medical students and doctors
AUTHOR NAMES
Shankar P.R.
Subish P.
Mishra P.
Dubey A.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shankar P.R., ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com; Subish P.; Mishra P.; Dubey A.K.)
Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara,
Nepal.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.R. Shankar, Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Medical
Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Email: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
SOURCE
Indian Journal of Pharmacology (2006) 38:5 (316-319). Date of Publication:
Sep 2006
ISSN
0253-7613
ABSTRACT
The World Health Organisation defines pharmacovigilance as 'the
pharmacological science and activities relating to the detection,
assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other
drug-related problem'. Pharmacovigilance plays an important role in ensuring
drug safety. Hence, every country needs a functioning pharmacovigilance
programme. Pharmacovigilance is being taught, in theory, in many developed
countries, but the practical approach is missing in developing countries.
Pharmacovigilance should ideally be taught to small groups of medical
students, interns, postgraduates and practitioners by linking it to the
activities of a functioning pharmacovigilance centre in a teaching hospital.
It should be activity-based, problem-based and linked to the rational use of
medicines. Students should be trained during their internship and residency.
The non-inclusion of pharmacovigilance in university syllabi and
unfamiliarity with problem-based learning could prove to be stumbling blocks
to the success of the concept. Pharmacologists should create awareness on
pharmacovigilance among doctors of other specialities and enlist their
support in teaching the subject.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug surveillance program
medical student
physician
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
curriculum
developed country
developing country
medical education
medical specialist
postmarketing surveillance
review
teaching
teaching hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006500452
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 748
TITLE
Impact of commercial support on continuing pharmacy education.
AUTHOR NAMES
Smith J.L.
Cervero R.M.
Valentine T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Smith J.L.; Cervero R.M.; Valentine T.) Office of Faculty Affairs,
University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Smith, Office of Faculty Affairs, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
30602, USA.
SOURCE
The Journal of continuing education in the health professions (2006) 26:4
(302-312). Date of Publication: 2006 Fall
ISSN
0894-1912
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: There is a serious debate over the involvement of the
pharmaceutical industry in continuing education. Policies that govern the
planning of continuing education for pharmacists center on the potential
conflict of interest when there is commercial support for programs. The
purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of commercial support on
the provision and perceived outcomes of continuing pharmacy education.
METHODS: A survey was administered online to a national sample of accredited
providers of continuing pharmacy education, resulting in 134 responses. The
64-item survey was developed to measure the planning practices of these
providers and their perceptions of the educational and noneducational
consequences of commercial support for continuing education. RESULTS: One
hundred thirty-four usable questionnaires (34%) were received from 386
leaders in pharmacy education. Approximately 86% of providers and 43% of
programs received commercial support. Although the Accreditation Council for
Pharmacy Education requires that providers review instructional content and
materials for commercially supported programs before delivery, only 43%
always did so. Commercial support was perceived to have consequences for
provider organizations, pharmacists, and patients, such as increased cost
and use of drugs and financial dependency of providers and participants on
industry support. DISCUSSION: The results of our study lead to the
conclusions that commercial support of continuing education is widespread,
affects continuing education programs, and is perceived to have significant
educational and noneducational consequences. The profession should ensure
that continuing education guidelines are unambiguous related to specific
practices that are allowable and unallowable when receiving commercial
support. Future research should study the consequences of commercial support
behaviorally by examining the effects on pharmacy professionals' practice
and pharmaceutical care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug industry
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
conflict of interest
health care quality
human
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17163494 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17163494)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 749
TITLE
Epidemiology of medication-related adverse events in nursing homes
AUTHOR NAMES
Handler S.M.
Wright R.M.
Ruby C.M.
Hanlon J.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Handler S.M., handlersm@upmc.edu; Wright R.M.; Hanlon J.T.) Division of
Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh,
PA, United States.
(Handler S.M., handlersm@upmc.edu) Department of Biomedical Informatics,
School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Ruby C.M.; Hanlon J.T.) Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of
Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Hanlon J.T.) Center for Health Equity Research, Geriatric Research
Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare
System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.M. Handler, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, School
of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Email: handlersm@upmc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy (2006) 4:3 (264-272). Date of
Publication: September 2006
ISSN
1543-5946
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Nursing home residents are prescribed more medications than
patients in any other clinical setting. Although pharmacotherapy for older
nursing home residents is usually safe and effective, it can lead to
medication-related adverse events such as adverse drug reactions (ADRs),
adverse drug withdrawal events (ADWEs), and therapeutic failures (TFs).
Objective: This article reviews the descriptive (incidence) and analytic
(risk factor) epidemiology of medication-related adverse events occurring in
nursing home residents as reported in the literature during the last 2
decades. Methods: A search of MEDLINE and International Pharmaceutical
Abstracts was conducted for articles published in English between January
1986 and July 2006 using the following terms: adverse drug events, adverse
drug reactions, adverse drug withdrawal events, aged, drug therapy,
drug-related problems, medication-related problems, nursing homes,
therapeutic failures, and treatment failures. The reference lists of
identified articles, recent review articles, book chapters, and the authors'
reference library were also searched manually. Results: Seven studies met
the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this review. Five
studies described ADRs, 1 described ADWEs, and 1 described TFs. The studies
of ADRs used different methods of detecting ADRs, resulting in incidence
rates ranging from 1.19 to 7.26 per 100 resident-months. The single study of
ADWEs reported an incidence of 2.60 per 100 resident-months. An incidence
rate for the single study describing TFs could not be calculated.
Conclusions: Medication-related adverse events are common in the nursing
home setting. Additional studies are needed to enhance the detection and
prevention of medication-related adverse events and to reduce their impact
on residents' outcomes and health care costs. © 2006 Excerpta Medica, Inc.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent (adverse drug reaction)
anticoagulant agent (adverse drug reaction)
anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction)
antiinfective agent (adverse drug reaction)
anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction)
digoxin (adverse drug reaction)
diuretic agent (adverse drug reaction)
hypnotic agent (adverse drug reaction)
metronidazole (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction)
potassium (adverse drug reaction)
psychotropic agent (adverse drug reaction)
sedative agent (adverse drug reaction)
vitamin (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug induced disease (epidemiology, side effect)
nursing home
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cardiovascular disease (epidemiology, side effect)
central nervous system disease (epidemiology, side effect)
diarrhea (drug therapy)
drug hypersensitivity (epidemiology, side effect)
drug treatment failure
drug withdrawal
electrolyte disturbance (epidemiology, side effect)
gastrointestinal disease (epidemiology, side effect)
human
hypotension (epidemiology, side effect)
incidence
medication error
Medline
prescription
priority journal
recurrent disease
review
risk factor
sedation
seizure (drug therapy)
side effect (epidemiology, side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
metronidazole (39322-38-8, 443-48-1)
potassium (7440-09-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006508319
MEDLINE PMID
17062328 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17062328)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjopharm.2006.09.011
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 750
TITLE
Drug-related problems in patients with angina pectoris, type 2 diabetes and
asthma - Interviewing patients at home
AUTHOR NAMES
Haugbølle L.S.
Sørensen E.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Haugbølle L.S., lsh@dfuni.dk; Sørensen E.W.) Department of Pharmacology and
Pharmacotherapy, Research Centre for Quality in Medicine Use, Danish
University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100,
Copenhagen, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.S. Haugbølle, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Research
Centre for Quality in Medicine Use, Danish University of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. Email:
lsh@dfuni.dk
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (2006) 28:4 (239-247). Date of Publication:
August 2006
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objective of the study: The objective of the overall study was to create a
foundation for improving the quality of counselling practice in pharmacies.
The research question addressed in this sub-study was to describe
drug-related problems (DRPs) in terms of frequency as well as type in people
with angina pectoris, type 2 diabetes and asthma, as the problems were
identified through medication reviews and home interviews. Setting and
method: During their pharmacy internships, fourth-year pharmacy students
collected data for the study in 1999, 2000 and 2001 by carrying out
medication reviews, conducting home interviews and registering DRPs for 414
patients. Data were collected from the following patient groups in the years
indicated: in 1999, 123 angina pectoris patients; in 2000, 192 type 2
diabetes patients, and in 2001, 99 asthma patients. The interviews dealt
with the patient's drug-related experiences, knowledge, perceptions,
problems and actions. The DRPs were registered according to the so-called
PI-Doc system. Results: A medication review was supplemented by qualitative
interviews with the three patient groups, which revealed a relatively high
number of DRPs compared to other studies. An average of 2.8 DRPs were
identified per angina pectoris patient; 4.1 DRPs per type 2 diabetes patient
and 4.0 DRPs per asthma patient. "Inappropriate use of medicines by the
patient" and "Other problems" (such as limited knowledge of the illness,
inappropriate lifestyle, fear of medication, lack of information, etc.) were
the two most common DRP sub-categories identified in all three patient
groups. Conclusion: The study provided a profile of a pharmacy-based
population of 414 patients visiting the pharmacy, all of whom are at high
risk of experiencing drug-related problems. Pharmacy staff needs to take
this high rate of DRPs in people with angina pectoris, asthma and type 2
diabetes into account when dispensing medicines to and advising patients
from the three groups, especially when explaining how to use medicines
appropriately. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
beta 2 adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy)
emconor
metformin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
nitrate (drug therapy)
steroid (drug therapy, inhalational drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
angina pectoris (drug therapy)
asthma (drug therapy)
drug induced disease (side effect)
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
computer system
controlled study
Denmark
experience
health care quality
heart palpitation (side effect)
human
interview
knowledge
major clinical study
nausea (side effect)
patient counseling
perception
pharmacy
qualitative research
quality control
questionnaire
registration
review
side effect (side effect)
stomach acid secretion
tremor (side effect)
unspecified side effect (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
emconor
metformin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
nitrate (14797-55-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Endocrinology (3)
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006537399
MEDLINE PMID
17066246 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17066246)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9023-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 751
TITLE
Validation of a comprehensive classification tool for treatment-related
problems
AUTHOR NAMES
AbuRuz S.M.
Bulatova N.R.
Yousef A.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(AbuRuz S.M., aburuz@ju.edu.jo; Bulatova N.R.; Yousef A.M.) Department of
Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.M. AbuRuz, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy,
University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. Email: aburuz@ju.edu.jo
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (2006) 28:4 (222-232). Date of Publication:
August 2006
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Several drug-related problem classification systems can be found
in the literature. However, it is generally agreed that a comprehensive,
well constructed and validated instrument is currently lacking. The aim of
this study is the development and validation of a comprehensive
treatment-related problems assessment and classification tool for use in
teaching, practicing and researching pharmaceutical care and to improve
identification, resolving and preventing of treatment-related problems.
Method: The development and validation involved five steps starting with
literature search to define a treatment related problem and also to form a
database of treatment-related problems identified in the literature. In the
next step, all problems that were identified in the first step and passed
the evaluation of the three authors were pooled together and then divided
into groups according to their common or shared construct, in the third step
a suitable assessment method was developed according to the construct of the
different problems, in the next step the developed instrument was validated
for content, internal and external validity. Finally the tool was finalized
and tested for reproducibility and inter-rater agreement. Results: The final
validated version included six main categories for treatment-related
problems (Indication, Effectiveness, Safety, Knowledge, Adherence and
Miscellaneous). These categories include a total of nine subcategories and a
total of 29 treatment related problems. Conclusion: The treatment-related
problems assessment and classification tool introduced in this paper was
applied to actual patient cases and proved to be valid. This tool also has
several features that are new. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical practice
medical research
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical effectiveness
data base
disease classification
interrater reliability
knowledge
medical literature
patient compliance
patient safety
pharmaceutical care
problem identification
reproducibility
satisfaction
teaching
validation study
validity
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006537398
MEDLINE PMID
17066238 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17066238)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-006-9048-0
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 752
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies: Practice and research in Sweden
AUTHOR NAMES
Westerlund L.O.T.
Björk H.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Westerlund L.O.T., tommy.westerlund@apoteket.se) Research and Development,
Apoteket B, Helsingborg, Sweden.
(Westerlund L.O.T., tommy.westerlund@apoteket.se) Research and Development,
Apoteket B, Stockholm, Sweden.
(Westerlund L.O.T., tommy.westerlund@apoteket.se) Social Medicine,
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Göteborg University,
Göteborg, Sweden.
(Björk H.T.) Corporate Communications, Apoteket B, Stockholm, Sweden.
(Westerlund L.O.T., tommy.westerlund@apoteket.se) Apoteket Björnen, PO Box
1052, SE-251, 10 Helsingborg, Sweden.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.O.T. Westerlund, Apoteket Björnen, PO Box 1052, SE-251, 10 Helsingborg,
Sweden. Email: tommy.westerlund@apoteket.se
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2006) 40:6 (1162-1169). Date of Publication: June
2006
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the organization and delivery of community pharmacy
and medical care, as well as pharmaceutical care practice and research, in
Sweden. FINDINGS: The Swedish retail pharmacy system of 800 community
pharmacies and nearly 80 hospital pharmacies is unique in that it is
organized into one single, government-owned chain, known as Apoteket AB. The
pharmacy staff consists of pharmacists, prescriptionists, and pharmacy
technicians. Some activities related to pharmaceutical care have been
directed toward specific patient groups during annual theme campaigns. In
the past few years, there has been a growing emphasis on the identification,
resolution, and documentation of drug-related problems (DRPs) in Swedish
pharmacy practice. A classification system for documenting DRPs and pharmacy
interventions was developed in 1995 and incorporated into the software of
all community pharmacies in 2001. A national DRP database (SWE-DRP) was
established in 2004 to collect and analyze DRPs and interventions on a
nationwide basis. Recently, a new counseling technique composed of key
questions to facilitate the detection of DRPs has been tested successfully.
Patient medication profiles are kept in 160 pharmacies, and a new national
register of drugs dispensed to patients became available in 2006. Most
pharmaceutical care studies in Sweden have focused on DRPs and resulting
pharmacy interventions. DISCUSSION: Swedish community pharmacy DRP work is
in the international forefront but there is a potential for further
developing cognitive services, given the beneficial organization of the
country's pharmacies into one single pharmacy chain. The introduction of
patient medication profiles has been both late and slow and has only had a
marginal effect on pharmaceutical care practice so far. The universities do
not appear to have any desire to influence the practice of pharmacy and
could potentially take on a more active role in preparing pharmacy students
for patient-oriented services. Current threats to pharmaceutical care
practice and research include organizational changes, budget cuts, and
reduced manpower of Apoteket AB. CONCLUSIONS: The identification,
resolution, and documentation of DRPs are central to community pharmacy
practice in Sweden, resulting in a number of research studies. A national
DRP database, patient medication profiles, and a new national register of
drugs dispensed to patients provide opportunities for growth in
pharmaceutical care practice and research in the country.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
professional practice
research
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
budget
data base
documentation
drug related problem
government
health care delivery
health care manpower
health care personnel
health care system
hospital pharmacy
human
medical record
medication error
organization
patient counseling
patient medication profile
pharmacist
pharmacy technician
prescription
priority journal
register
self care
student
Sweden
university
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006285568
MEDLINE PMID
16735653 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16735653)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1G680
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 753
TITLE
A survey of community pharmacists' training needs in the management of
opioid dependent clients in Grampian, Scotland
AUTHOR NAMES
Cameron I.
Matheson C.I.
Bond C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cameron I.) Dip Applied Psychometrics, .
(Bond C.) Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University of
Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
(Matheson C.I.) Department of General Practice and Primary Care,
Foresterhill Health Centre, Westburn Road, Aberdeen AB25 2AY, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.I. Matheson, Department of General Practice and Primary Care, Foresterhill
Health Centre, Westburn Road, Aberdeen AB25 2AY, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2006) 276:7401 (601-603). Date of Publication: 20
May 2006
ISSN
0031-6873
ABSTRACT
Aims: To explore community pharmacists' training needs for the provision of
services to drug misusers. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Subjects and
setting: Pharmacy managers of all registered community pharmacies in NHS
Grampian, Scotland (n=120). Method: Administration of a self-completed
postal questionnaire based on a previously validated measure. Two reminders
were sent out. Questions included previous training in drug misuse,
attitudes to developing motivational interviewing skills and perceived
training needs. Results: 99 pharmacists (82.5%) completed the questionnaire,
79 (80.6%) had experience of dispensing methadone. Interest in learning
motivational interviewing skills was indicated by 67 pharmacists (67.7%). 53
pharmacists (53.5%) had received previous professional training on the
management of drug misuse; 70 (73.7%) wanted further professional training
on drug misuse. Conclusions: Pharmacists' interest in learning motivational
interviewing techniques indicated that the feasibility of such training
should be explored. Despite a high proportion of respondents dispensing
methadone, almost half had not received professional training on the
management of drug misuse. Community pharmacists are interested in receiving
more training on this topic and local provision of specialist training
should be considered.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
methadone (drug therapy)
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
pharmacist
staff training
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled study
drug misuse
feasibility study
health care delivery
human
interview
motivation
national health service
pharmacist attitude
pharmacy
postal mail
questionnaire
United Kingdom
validation process
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006259399
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 754
TITLE
Health care providers' perceptions of the problems and causes of irrational
use of drugs in two Middle East countries
AUTHOR NAMES
Otoom S.A.
Sequeira R.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Otoom S.A., sotoom@rcsi-mub.com; Sequeira R.P.) Department of Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama,
Bahrain.
(Otoom S.A., sotoom@rcsi-mub.com) Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland,
Medical University of Bahrain, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S.A. Otoom, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of
Bahrain, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain. Email: sotoom@rcsi-mub.com
SOURCE
International Journal of Clinical Practice (2006) 60:5 (565-570). Date of
Publication: May 2006
ISSN
1368-5031
1742-1241 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
It is now evident that both developed and developing countries are
experiencing many aspects of inappropriate use of drugs in their health care
facilities. This is the first study in the region performed to examine the
most common problems of irrational use of drugs and their causes in two
Middle East countries - Jordan and Syria. Ninety senior participants from
Jordan (50-15 physicians and 35 pharmacists) and Syria (40-12 physicians and
28 pharmacists) were enrolled in this study. The participants were asked to
fill two questionnaires that deal with the problems and causes of irrational
use of drugs in their country. Additionally, the participants were asked to
perform a prescription analysis using WHO prescribing indicators on 40
prescriptions taken randomly from a comprehensive health centre in their
country. The main drug use problems identified in the two countries were
almost the same, but they vary in the percentage of occurrence and include
excessive use of antibiotics and antidiarrhoeals, overprescribing of
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, prescribing by tradename, excessive
use of antibiotics to treat minor upper respiratory infections and
self-medication by the public. The main causes of irrational use of drugs
were poor medical records, lack of patient education about illnesses and
drugs, no family doctor system, lack of standard treatment guidelines and
lack of continuing medical education for doctors and pharmacists. The
results of this study are important for decision-makers to utilise when
putting policies and strategies to improve the use of drugs in both
countries. © Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2006.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent (drug therapy)
antidiarrheal agent (drug therapy)
generic drug
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
continuing education
controlled study
developed country
developing country
diarrhea (drug therapy)
drug utilization
general practitioner
health care facility
health care policy
health personnel attitude
human
Jordan
medical decision making
medical record
Middle East
patient education
pharmacist attitude
physician attitude
practice guideline
prescription
priority journal
questionnaire
self medication
Syrian Arab Republic
upper respiratory tract infection (drug therapy)
world health organization
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006210212
MEDLINE PMID
16700856 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16700856)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00808.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 755
TITLE
Community outreach with weekly delivery of anti-retroviral drugs compared to
cognitive-behavioural health care team-based approach to improve adherence
among indigent women newly starting HAART
AUTHOR NAMES
Visnegarwala F.
Rodriguez-Barradass M.C.
Graviss E.A.
Caprio M.
Nykyforchyn M.
Laufman L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Visnegarwala F., fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu; Rodriguez-Barradass M.C.; Graviss
E.A.; Laufman L.) Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
(Caprio M.) Harris County Hospital District, Houston, TX, United States.
(Nykyforchyn M.) University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX,
United States.
(Rodriguez-Barradass M.C.) Veterans Administration Medical Center, Houston,
TX, United States.
(Visnegarwala F., fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu) Baylor College of Medicine,
Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, One Baylor Plaza,
Houston, TX 77030, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Visnegarwala, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section
of Infectious Diseases, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
Email: fehmidav@bcm.tmc.edu
SOURCE
AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV (2006) 18:4
(332-338). Date of Publication: May 2006
ISSN
0954-0121
1360-0451 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Sustained virological suppression requires adherence to >95% of doses of
therapy. Overall there is paucity of data on adherence interventions among
women and post-intervention outcomes. In this pilot study, we evaluated a
novel strategy of weekly delivery of medications (Directly Delivered
Therapy: DDT) for six months using an outreach worker (ORW), among ARV naïve
indigent women starting HAART and compared the 'during intervention' and
'post-intervention' outcomes to the health care team (a nurse educator, a
case worker, a pharmacist and social worker/drug addictions counsellor)
based approach termed Adherence Coordination Services (ACS) and the Standard
of Care (SoC) historical referent group. The baseline characteristics of the
three groups were comparable. The proportion of women who achieved sustained
virologic suppression in 4-8 month period for DDT; ACS and SoC groups were
86% (18/21); 54% (6/11); and 36% (8/22) (P < 0.004); and in the 10-14 month
period were 80% (12/15); 54% (6/11) and 45%(10/22) (P = 0.036 for DDT vs.
SoC). Retention rate in the DDT was 87%, and 92% of 307 ORW visits were
kept, and post-intervention satisfaction was high. Short-term weekly
delivery of medications using a community based liaison is a feasible,
acceptable and a cost-effective strategy for improving both short-term and
perhaps long-term adherence among women initiating their first HAART
regimen. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (drug therapy)
community care
health care delivery
highly active antiretroviral therapy
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
patient compliance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
controlled study
cost effectiveness analysis
female
follow up
health service
health survey
human
indigent
major clinical study
patient satisfaction
priority journal
questionnaire
treatment outcome
virus load
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006252703
MEDLINE PMID
16809110 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16809110)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120500162155
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 756
TITLE
Clarification regarding certificate course [9]
AUTHOR NAMES
Roberts D.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Roberts D.K.) Royal College of General Practitioner's Substance Misuse
Unit, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.K. Roberts, Royal College of General Practitioner's Substance Misuse Unit,
United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2006) 276:7396 (441). Date of Publication: 15 Apr
2006
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
certification
drug misuse
education program
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
curriculum
human
letter
medical school
patient care
pharmacist
postgraduate education
practice guideline
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006199815
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 757
TITLE
Interventional effect of radix bupleuri and radix scutellariae at different
ratios on the changes in the indexes of liver, spleen, thymus gland and
suprarenal gland and vitamin C in suprarenal gland of rats with acute
alcoholic liver injury
AUTHOR NAMES
Wang X.-L.
Mu H.-B.
Liu R.-H.
Song N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wang X.-L.; Mu H.-B.; Liu R.-H.; Song N.) Clinical Department of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pharmacological College, Henan University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450008 Henan Province, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
X.-L. Wang, Clinical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
Pharmacological College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
Zhengzhou 450008 Henan Province, China.
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation (2006) 10:15 (180-182). Date of
Publication: 15 Apr 2006
ISSN
1671-5926
ABSTRACT
Background: Until now modern science cannot explain clearly about the
mechanism of acute alcoholic liver injury. Besides such methods as giving up
drinking, or symptomatic treatment, there is no specific therapy and remedy.
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has obvious advantages for this: It
cannot only improve the clinical symptoms, but also adjust organism immune
function, and has very good development future. Objective: To study the
effects of radix bupleuri and radix scutellariae in compatibility with the
ratio of different dosage (2:1, 1:1, 1:2) on acute alcoholic liver injury by
regulating the system of endocrino-immunity network in rats. Design: Groups
are divided randomly and experiments are made under blank conditions.
Setting: TCM Clinical Laboratory of Pharmaceutical School, Henan University
of TCM. Materials: From September to November 2002 in TCM Clinical
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical School, Henan University of TCM, the general
condition of the animals were as follows: 96 healthy Wistar rats were
divided into 8 groups: blank group, model group, radix bupleuri group, radix
scutellariae group, xiao-chaihu group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 2:1
group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group, radix bupleuri-radix
scutellariae 1:2 group. Methods: 1 According to the ratio of 2:1, 1:1, 1:2,
radix bupleuri and radix scutellariae were taken respectively (480 g, 240 g;
360 g, 360 g; 240 g, 480 g) to produce the water decocting medicine. Except
the blank group (duplicated by saline of the same volume through consecutive
gastric infusion), the other groups are duplicated through consecutive
gastric infusion by 56 degrees of Er-Guotou White Spirit (7 mL/kg) two times
a day for ten days until the model-making is finished. From the first day,
the medicine was given two times a day. The blank group and the model group
were given the distilled water of the same volume. The other groups were
given the proper water decocting medicine. The dosage in xiao-chaihu group
was 10 g/kg and in the other was all 12 g/kg. 2 16 hours later after the
last time when the white spirit was given, blood was taken from stomach
aorta to produce serum. Liver, spleen, chest gland, adrenal gland were
quickly removed. The calculating formula of an organ index: An organ index=
The weight of an organ (g)/ The weight of a body (g) ×100%. The calculating
formula of vitamin C content in adrenal gland (mg/g): Content of vitamin C=
[(The A value of the testing tube-The A value of the blank tube)/ (The A
value of the standard tube-The A value of the blank tube)] ×density of the
standard tube (6 mg/L)×dilution times of the sample before tested/protein
content (g/ L). 3 Comparison between the groups was shown by using variance
similar test and single-factor variance analysis. Main outcome measures:
Index of rats' liver, spleen, chest gland, and adrenal gland (on the right
side); the determination of vitamin C content in rats' right adrenal gland.
Results: During the experiment, 3 rats in the model group died. Two rats
died in radix scutellariae group and radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae group
respectively. In each of the other groups only one rat died. The condition
of the number of the rats which were used for analyzing results: There were
12 in blank group; 9 in model group; 10 in radix bupleuri group, radix
bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group respectively; 11 in each of the other
groups. 1 Comparison of index of rats in liver, spleen, chest gland, adrenal
gland (right side) between different groups: There was no significant
difference between the indexes of rats' liver in different groups. The index
of spleen, chest gland, adrenal gland in the model group were all greatly
less than in blank group (P < 0.05-0.01). The index of spleen in the radix
bupleuri group were greatly higher than in the model group, it could make
the reduced spleen index return to normal (P < 0.05); The index of chest in
radix scutellariae group, radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group, radix
bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group and xiao-chaihu group were greatly
higher than in model group (P < 0.05); The index of adrenal gland in radix
bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group and xiao-chaihu group were greatly
higher than in model group (P < 0.05). 2 Comparison of vitamin C content in
rats' right adrenal gland between the groups: Compared with blank group, the
vitamin C content of adrenal gland in the model group had no significant
difference. While that of radix bupleuri group, xiao-chaihu group, radix
bupleuri-radix scutellariae groups were greatly less than that of model
group (P <0.05-0.01), especially radix bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:1 group
had the most significant influence (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Interfering
functional injuries of liver, spleen and suprarenal gland is one of the
mechanisms of acute alcoholic liver injury. Generally speaking,
bupleuri-radix scutellariae 1:2 group has the greatest effect on the testing
index.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Bupleurum (drug combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, drug
toxicity, pharmacology)
Scutellariae radix (drug combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug
therapy, drug toxicity, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
ascorbic acid (endogenous compound)
sodium chloride
water
xiao chai hu tang (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol liver cirrhosis (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal aorta
adrenal disease (drug therapy)
animal experiment
animal model
article
blood sampling
body weight
controlled study
dilution
disease model
dose response
drug dose regimen
drug fatality
liver injury (drug therapy)
nonhuman
organ weight
rat
spleen injury (drug therapy)
thymus function
treatment outcome
variance
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Tianjin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
ascorbic acid (134-03-2, 15421-15-5, 50-81-7)
sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
water (7732-18-5)
xiao chai hu tang (63364-01-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
Endocrinology (3)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Chinese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006397780
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 758
TITLE
Adaptive and longitudinal pharmaceutical care instruction using an
interactive voice response/text-to-speech system.
AUTHOR NAMES
Hussein G.
Kawahara N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hussein G.; Kawahara N.) School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Hussein, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University.
SOURCE
American journal of pharmaceutical education (2006) 70:2 (37). Date of
Publication: 15 Apr 2006
ISSN
1553-6467 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To develop a course structure that would more closely simulate
the actual provision of pharmaceutical care. DESIGN: An interactive voice
response/text-to-speech system (hardware and software) for obtaining patient
data was designed and used in a pharmaceutical care laboratory. Students
called the system to collect data, listen to progress notes, make
recommendations, and update the pharmaceutical care plan for virtual
patients. Laboratory time was utilized to evaluate patient progress and
respond to recommendations as well as to identify and solve drug-related
problems. ASSESSMENT: Students' recorded communications with the system and
completed care plans were evaluated and a competency-based final examination
was administered. Peer evaluations and course evaluations were administered.
CONCLUSION: This innovative approach challenged students and promoted
interactive learning. Student evaluations indicated we achieved our
objective of creating a course that more closely simulated the actual
provision of pharmaceutical care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
patient education
teaching
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
computer interface
computer program
educational technology
human
telephone
treatment outcome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
17149416 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17149416)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 759
TITLE
Methamphetamine: putting the brakes on speed.
AUTHOR NAMES
Gettig J.P.
Grady S.E.
Nowosadzka I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gettig J.P.; Grady S.E.; Nowosadzka I.) Midwestern University Chicago
College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove, IL, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.P. Gettig, Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy, Downers
Grove, IL, USA.
SOURCE
The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National
Association of School Nurses (2006) 22:2 (66-73). Date of Publication: Apr
2006
ISSN
1059-8405
ABSTRACT
In only recent history, illicit use of methamphetamine, once isolated to
urban areas on the West Coast, has spread into rural areas of the Midwest
and southern United States. Although past and current methamphetamine
legislation has increased penalties for methamphetamine manufacturers and
tightened restrictions on sales of known precursors, the problem still
persists. In fact, a 2004 survey indicates that an alarming 6.2% of high
school seniors have tried methamphetamine. A number of biological, genetic,
and environmental factors influence children's and adolescents' paths to
substance abuse. Nurses should recognize the symptoms of methamphetamine
abuse, which include agitation; aggressive behavior; rapid mood swings;
hypertension; tachycardia; and eventually lesion-marked skin, clinical
depression, and paranoid psychosis. Treatment for methamphetamine addiction
includes behavioral therapy. Research on pharmacologic therapy is lacking.
Educating youth on methamphetamine prevention appears to be the best
approach to curb the spreading use of this addictive and deadly drug.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methamphetamine (adverse drug reaction, drug toxicity, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
street drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse (epidemiology, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute disease
adolescent
child
child welfare
chronic disease
drug control
drug information
health
health survey
human
Internet
legal aspect
nurse attitude
nursing assessment
public health
review
risk factor
United States (epidemiology)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
16563028 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16563028)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 760
TITLE
Impact of hospitalisation in an acute medical geriatric unit on potentially
inappropriate medication use
AUTHOR NAMES
Laroche M.-L.
Charmes J.-P.
Nouaille Y.
Fourrier A.
Merle L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Laroche M.-L.; Nouaille Y.; Merle L., louis.merle@chu-limoges.fr) Centre of
Pharmacovigilance, University Hospital Dupuytren, Limoges, France.
(Charmes J.-P.) Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital Dupuytren,
Limoges, France.
(Fourrier A.) INSERM U657 University Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux,
France.
(Merle L., louis.merle@chu-limoges.fr) Centre of Pharmacovigilance,
University Hospital Dupuytren, Limoges, Cedex, 87042, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Merle, Centre of Pharmacovigilance, University Hospital Dupuytren,
Limoges, Cedex, 87042, France. Email: louis.merle@chu-limoges.fr
SOURCE
Drugs and Aging (2006) 23:1 (49-59). Date of Publication: 2006
ISSN
1170-229X
1170-229X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay,
Auckland 10, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Background and objective: Potentially inappropriate medication use is a
major safety issue in the elderly and may cause a substantial proportion of
drug-related hospital admissions. Hospitalisation could result in a change
in the quantity and type of drugs, but its effect on potentially
inappropriate drug use is still unknown. The aim of this study was to
estimate the potentially inappropriate medication prevalence in patients ≥70
years of age at admission to and at discharge from an acute medical
geriatric unit, and to identify the factors associated with no longer being
a potentially inappropriate drug user at hospital discharge. Methods: A
prospective drug surveillance study was undertaken in 2018 elderly patients
(≥70 years of age) admitted to an acute medical geriatric unit in Limoges
University Hospital, France. Prescribing patterns were established at
admission and at discharge. Potentially inappropriate medication use was
evaluated according to a list derived from the Beers criteria and adapted to
French practice. "To be no longer a potentially inappropriate drug user at
discharge" was defined as using at least one potentially inappropriate
medication at admission and not using it at discharge. Results: The numbers
of drugs used at admission/discharge were 6.2 ± 3.1/5.4 ± 2.5. The
prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication use decreased from 66%
(95% CI 63.8, 68.0) at admission to 43.6% (95% CI 41.3, 45.9) at discharge.
At discharge, 535 subjects were no longer potentially inappropriate
medication users. Multivariate analysis showed that no longer being a
potentially inappropriate medication user was associated with the number of
drugs used (4-6 drugs vs ≤3 odds ratio [OR] 1.20; 95% CI 0.86, 1.68; 7-9
drugs vs ≤3 OR 1.37; 95% CI 0.97, 1.93; ≥10 drugs vs ≤3 OR 1.64; 95% CI
1.10, 2.44), age (80-89 years vs 70-79 years OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.03, 1.85; ≥90
years vs 70-79 years OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.22, 2.83), cerebral vasodilator use
(OR 2.87; 95% CI 2.31, 3.57), analgesic use (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.06, 2.25) and
concomitant use of psychotropic drugs of the same therapeutic class (OR
1.94; 95% CI 1.29, 2.92). Conclusion: Hospitalisation in geriatric services
results in a reduction in potentially inappropriate medication use. Improved
pharmacological education of practitioners, especially with regard to drug
adverse effects, is desirable to improve management of geriatric patients. ©
2006 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent
psychotropic agent
vasodilator agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
geriatrics
hospitalization
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
clinical practice
controlled study
drug surveillance program
drug use
female
France
geriatric hospital
health education
hospital admission
hospital discharge
human
major clinical study
male
multivariate analysis
physician
prevalence
priority journal
prospective study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006095983
MEDLINE PMID
16492069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16492069)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-200623010-00005
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 761
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple sublingual buprenorphine
tablets in dose-escalation trials
AUTHOR NAMES
Ciraulo D.A.
Hitzemann R.J.
Somoza E.
Knapp C.M.
Rotrosen J.
Sarid-Segal O.
Ciraulo A.M.
Greenblatt D.J.
Chiang C.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ciraulo D.A.; Knapp C.M.; Ciraulo A.M.) Division of Psychiatry, Boston
University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
(Ciraulo D.A.; Sarid-Segal O.) Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System,
Boston, MA, United States.
(Hitzemann R.J.) Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health
Sciences University, Portland, OR, United States.
(Somoza E.) Cincinnati Addiction Research Center, University of Cincinnati,
Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
(Rotrosen J.) Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of
Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare, New York, NY, United States.
(Greenblatt D.J.) Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
(Chiang C.N.) National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MA, United States.
(Ciraulo D.A.) Boston University School of Medicine, Doctors Office
Building, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.A. Ciraulo, Boston University School of Medicine, Doctors Office Building,
720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2006) 46:2 (179-192). Date of Publication:
February 2006
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
In this investigation, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties
were determined of multiple doses of sublingual tablets containing either
buprenorphine alone or buprenorphine and naloxone. Subjects were experienced
opiate users who received escalating doses (4-24 mg) of buprenorphine either
alone or in combination with naloxone. Peak concentration (Cmax) and area
under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) increased for both buprenorphine
and naloxone with escalating doses. Significant differences were found
across the range of doses administered for dose-adjusted Cmax for both
tablet formulations and for the dose-adjusted AUCs for the
buprenorphine-naloxone tablets. For both formulations, the maximal
buprenorphine-induced decreases in respiratory rate and pupil diameter did
not vary significantly across doses. Several of the subjective effects of
buprenorphine did not increase as the dose of buprenorphine administered was
increased. These findings are consistent with the ceiling effect associated
with the partial agonist actions of buprenorphine. They also indicate a lack
of dose proportionality for buprenorphine sublingual tablets, at least
during the times at which levels of this agent are highest. ©2006 the
American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine (drug administration, drug combination, drug comparison, drug
concentration, drug dose, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology,
sublingual drug administration)
buprenorphine plus naloxone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration,
drug combination, drug concentration, drug dose, pharmaceutics,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, sublingual drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diamorphine
mu opiate receptor agonist (drug administration, drug combination, drug
comparison, drug concentration, drug dose, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology, sublingual drug administration)
opiate
oxybutynin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence treatment
drug metabolism
heroin dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
area under the curve
article
blood pressure
blood sampling
bradycardia (side effect)
breathing rate
dose response
drug blood level
drug formulation
drug safety
female
headache (side effect)
heart rate
human
liquid chromatography
male
mass spectrometry
miosis (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
normal human
open study
opiate addiction
opioid induced emesis (side effect)
pharmacodynamics
pupil
rating scale
respiration depression (side effect)
single drug dose
tablet formulation
vomiting (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
suboxone
subutex
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxybutynin (1508-65-2, 5633-20-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006050159
MEDLINE PMID
16432270 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432270)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270005284192
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 762
TITLE
Fingolimod (FTY720) in severe hepatic impairment: Pharmacokinetics and
relationship to markers of liver function
AUTHOR NAMES
Kovarik J.M.
Schmouder R.L.
Hartmann S.
Riviere G.-J.
Picard F.
Voss B.
Weiss M.
Wagner F.
Schmidt H.H.-J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kovarik J.M.; Schmouder R.L.; Hartmann S.; Riviere G.-J.; Picard F.; Voss
B.; Weiss M.) Novartis Pharmaceutical, Basel, Switzerland.
(Kovarik J.M.; Schmouder R.L.; Hartmann S.; Riviere G.-J.; Picard F.; Voss
B.; Weiss M.) Novartis Pharmaceutical, East Hanover, NJ, United States.
(Kovarik J.M.; Schmouder R.L.; Hartmann S.; Riviere G.-J.; Picard F.; Voss
B.; Weiss M.) Novartis Pharmaceutical, Rueil-Malmaison, France.
(Wagner F.) 3ClinicalResearch, Henningsdorf, Germany.
(Schmidt H.H.-J.) Universitätsklinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany.
(Schmidt H.H.-J.) Transplantationshepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster,
Münster, Germany.
(Kovarik J.M.) Novartis Pharma AG, Building WSJ 103.426, 4002 Basel,
Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.M. Kovarik, Novartis Pharma AG, Building WSJ 103.426, 4002 Basel,
Switzerland.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2006) 46:2 (149-156). Date of Publication:
February 2006
ISSN
0091-2700
1552-4604 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
The authors assessed the impact of severe hepatic impairment on the
disposition of fingolimod-a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor immunomodulator
primarily metabolized by CYP4F2-in 6 patients and 6 matched healthy controls
who received a single 5-mg oral dose. Compared with healthy controls, severe
hepatic-impaired subjects had a doubled area under the concentration time
curve (AUC) and 50% prolonged elimination half-life but a similar peak blood
concentration. When these data were combined with those from a previous
study in mild and moderate hepatic-impaired subjects, there were significant
positive correlations between fingolimod AUC versus bilirubin (r = 0.683)
and prothrombin time (r = 0.777) and a significant negative correlation
versus albumin (r = 0.578), confirming the importance of liver function for
fingolimod clearance. For patients with severe hepatic impairment
(Child-Pugh class C), a standard first dose of fingolimod could be given
followed by a maintenance dose that is reduced by half from the normal
maintenance dose. ©2006 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
fingolimod (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug concentration,
drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
albumin (endogenous compound)
aspartic acid (drug therapy)
bilirubin (endogenous compound)
folic acid (drug therapy)
furosemide (drug therapy)
immunomodulating agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug
concentration, drug dose, drug therapy, oral drug administration,
pharmacokinetics)
lactulose (drug therapy)
pantoprazole (drug therapy)
phytomenadione (drug therapy)
spironolactone (drug therapy)
torasemide (drug therapy)
xipamide (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug metabolism
immunosuppressive treatment
liver disease (drug therapy)
liver function
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcoholism
article
ascites (drug therapy)
atrioventricular block (side effect)
bilirubin blood level
clinical article
controlled study
disease severity
dose time effect relation
drug capsule
drug clearance
drug elimination
drug half life
drug protein binding
female
heart rate
hepatitis C
human
immunomodulation
liquid chromatography
liver cirrhosis (drug therapy)
lymphocyte count
male
multiple sclerosis
open study
prothrombin time
single drug dose
tandem mass spectrometry
treatment outcome
DRUG TRADE NAMES
fty 720
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aspartic acid (56-84-8, 6899-03-2)
bilirubin (18422-02-1, 635-65-4)
fingolimod (162359-56-0)
folic acid (59-30-3, 6484-89-5)
furosemide (54-31-9)
lactulose (4618-18-2)
pantoprazole (102625-70-7)
phytomenadione (11104-38-4, 84-80-0)
spironolactone (52-01-7)
torasemide (56211-40-6)
xipamide (14293-44-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006050155
MEDLINE PMID
16432266 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432266)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270005283464
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 763
TITLE
Physicians' attitude and practices in sickle cell disease pain management
AUTHOR NAMES
Labbé E.
Herbert D.
Haynes J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Labbé E.) Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama,
Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Mobile, AL, United States.
(Herbert D.) Department of Statistics, University of South Alabama,
Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Mobile, AL, United States.
(Haynes J.) Department of Medicine, University of South Alabama,
Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Mobile, AL, United States.
(Labbé E.) Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
36688-0002, United States.
(Haynes J.) University of South Alabama, Comprehensive Cell Center, Mobile,
AL 36617, United States.
(Herbert D.) Department of Statistics, University of South Alabama, Mobile,
AL 36688, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Labbé, Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL
36688-0002, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Palliative Care (2005) 21:4 (246-251). Date of Publication:
Winter 2005
ISSN
0825-8597
BOOK PUBLISHER
Centre for Bioethics
ABSTRACT
Many physicians believe that patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) are
more likely to become addicted to pain medication than are other patient
populations. This study hypothesizes that physicians' attitudes towards
addiction in patients with SCD affects pain management practices. The
Physician Attitudes Survey was sent to 286 physicians at seven National
Institutes of Health-funded university-based comprehensive sickle cell
centres. The survey assessed demographic information; and physician's
attitudes toward and knowledge of pain, pain treatment, and drug addiction
and abuse. Significant Pearson product-moment correlations were found
between attitudes towards pain and beliefs regarding addiction to prescribed
opioids. Physicians reported varied pain management strategies, however,
many believe that attitudes toward addiction and to patients in pain crises
may result in undertreatment of pain. These results indicate that physicians
might benefit from additional education regarding sickle cell disease,
addiction to pain medication, the pharmacology of opioids, and the
assessment and treatment of pain. © 2005 Centre for Bioethics, IRCM.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical practice
health personnel attitude
pain (diagnosis, etiology, prevention)
physician
sickle cell anemia (complication)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acute disease
addiction (etiology, prevention)
adult
analgesia (adverse drug reaction)
article
attitude to health
education
fear
female
general practice
hematology
human
male
medical education
medical school
medical staff
middle aged
needs assessment
organization and management
pain assessment
psychological aspect
questionnaire
United States
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
MEDLINE PMID
16483093 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16483093)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 764
TITLE
Use of marijuana in pharmacy students (2000-2005).
AUTHOR NAMES
Kavalírová A.
Visnovský P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kavalírová A.; Visnovský P.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec
Králové, Czech Republic.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Kavalírová, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of
Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Králové,
Czech Republic. Email: kavalirovaa@faf.cuni.cz
SOURCE
Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacký, Olomouc,
Czechoslovakia (2005) 149:2 (477-480). Date of Publication: Dec 2005
ISSN
1213-8118
ABSTRACT
In 2000-2005, a survey on the consumption of legal and illegal drugs of
abuse was conducted in 1571 students of Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec
Králové, Charles University in Prague. The availability of cannabis and the
prevalence rates of its use in university students were investigated. A
standardized anonymous questionnaire was employed for the survey. The
average age of respondents was 20 years. The number of females was higher
(82.8 %) than that of males. Marijuana was the most available and the most
commonly used illegal drug of abuse in the group of pharmacy students. Its
offer and the life-time prevalence increased over the 5 year period of the
survey from 55.8 % to 72.9 % and from 30.3 % to 48.4 %, respectively. There
was a predominance of the male users over the female ones, mainly in a
category of high frequency of marijuana consumption ("used more than five
times"). Almost three quarters of marijuana consumers admitted more than one
experience with marijuana. Our data provide worrying statistics and support
the need of continuous education also in university students to advise them
on the risks of drug misuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cannabis addiction (epidemiology)
cannabis smoking (epidemiology)
pharmacy student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
Czech Republic (epidemiology)
female
human
male
prevalence
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
16601814 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601814)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 765
TITLE
Generic medicines: Perceptions of community pharmacists in Melbourne,
Australia
AUTHOR NAMES
Hassali M.A.
Kong D.C.M.
Stewart K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hassali M.A.; Kong D.C.M.; Stewart K., Kay.Stewart@vcp.monash.edu.au)
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash
University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
(Kong D.C.M.) Clinical Research and Education, Pharmacy Department, Alfred
Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Stewart, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Victorian College of Pharmacy,
Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia. Email:
Kay.Stewart@vcp.monash.edu.au
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance, Economics and Policy (2005) 14:3 (27-45).
Date of Publication: 2005
ISSN
1538-5698
1538-5396 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate generic medicine
dispensing trends and substitution practices from the perspective of
community pharmacists in Melbourne, Australia. Method: A qualitative
approach was used. A convenience sample of community pharmacists practicing
in Melbourne were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Key
Findings: A total of 11 pharmacists were interviewed. Thematic content
analysis of the interviews identified five major themes: generic medicines
substitution trends, knowledge of and confidence with generic medicines,
generic medicines marketing strategy, safety aspects of generic medicines
labelling, and pharmacists' role in educating patients with respect to
generic substitution. The results from this study indicate that, in general,
community pharmacists are comfortable in offering generic substitution to
their patients and they view generic medicine as being safe and effective in
most situations. While views were mostly positive, there were a few concerns
especially regarding substituting some specific drugs and problems
associated with a patient's cognitive ability. The findings also suggested
that pharmacists do not have a clear idea on the bioequivalence tests that
are conducted for generic medicines by the medicine regulatory body, the
Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and they need more information
pertaining to this. Issues pertaining to marketing of 'pseudo-generics' and
the need for appropriate labelling of medicines to safeguard patients were
also highlighted by some pharmacists interviewed. The pharmacist's role in
advising patients on generic substitution was also seen as an important step
to increase the uptake of generic medicines. Conclusion: This study
suggested that despite pharmacists' positive attitudes to generic
substitution, they need more education and information, especially on the
methods required by the government authority to determine the bioequivalence
of generic medicines. © 2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
generic drug (pharmacoeconomics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
Australia
clinical article
content analysis
drug cost
drug labeling
drug marketing
drug safety
drug substitution
female
human
male
patient education
prescription
priority journal
semi structured interview
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2006274468
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J371v14n03_03
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 766
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics of long-acting naltrexone in subjects with mild to moderate
hepatic impairment
AUTHOR NAMES
Turncliff R.Z.
Dunbar J.L.
Dong Q.
Silverman B.L.
Ehrich E.W.
Dilzer S.C.
Lasseter K.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Turncliff R.Z., Ryan.Turncliff@Alkermes.com; Dunbar J.L.; Dong Q.;
Silverman B.L.; Ehrich E.W.) Alkermes, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States.
(Dilzer S.C.; Lasseter K.C.) SFBC International, Miami, FL, United States.
(Turncliff R.Z., Ryan.Turncliff@Alkermes.com) Alkermes, Inc., 88 Sidney
Street, Cambridge, MA 02139-4137, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.Z. Turncliff, Alkermes, Inc., 88 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139-4137,
United States. Email: Ryan.Turncliff@Alkermes.com
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2005) 45:11 (1259-1267). Date of
Publication: November 2005
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Long-acting naltrexone is an extended-release formulation developed with the
goal of continuous naltrexone exposure for 1 month for the treatment of
alcohol dependence. The influence of mild and moderate hepatic impairment on
naltrexone pharmacokinetics following long-acting naltrexone 190-mg
administration was assessed. Subjects with mild (Child-Pugh grade A) and
moderate (Child-Pugh grade B) hepatic impairment (n = 6 per group) and
matched control subjects (n = 13) were enrolled. Naltrexone and 6β-naltrexol
concentrations were determined over a period of 63 days following a single
intramuscular dose. Naltrexone and 6β-naltrexol concentrations were detected
in all subjects through 28 days. Total exposure (AUC (0-∞)) of naltrexone
and 6β-naltrexol was similar across all groups. The long apparent half-lives
of naltrexone and 6β-naltrexol (5-8 days) were attributed to the slow
release of naltrexone (long-acting naltrexone exhibits absorption
rate-limited elimination or "flip-flop" kinetics); elimination was not
altered in subjects with hepatic impairment. Based on pharmacokinetic
considerations, the dose of long-acting naltrexone does not need to be
adjusted in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment. ©2005 the
American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
naltrexone (adverse drug reaction, drug concentration, drug dose, drug
therapy, intramuscular drug administration, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
drug metabolite (adverse drug reaction, endogenous compound)
naltrexol (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy)
liver disease
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
area under the curve
article
clinical article
controlled release formulation
controlled study
disease severity
drug absorption
drug blood level
drug dose regimen
drug elimination
drug half life
drug safety
extended release formulation
female
headache (side effect)
human
male
patient coding
slow drug release
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
naltrexol (20410-98-4, 49625-89-0)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005482011
MEDLINE PMID
16239359 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16239359)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270005280199
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 767
TITLE
£50K grants for education research
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2005) 275:7371 (495-496). Date of Publication: 15
Oct 2005
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
bisoprolol (drug dose)
bumetanide (drug dose)
codeine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
financial management
medical education
pharmacy
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
compensation
conference paper
drug dose regimen
drug labeling
drunken driving
feasibility study
good clinical practice
human
information dissemination
learning
legal aspect
licence
medical ethics
medical society
medication error
national health service
online system
paramedical personnel
politics
prescription
professional standard
punishment
quality control
registration
research
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
bisoprolol (66722-44-9)
bumetanide (28395-03-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005504667
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 768
TITLE
Funding announced for pharmacists to undertake management of drug misuse
training
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2005) 275:7370 (435). Date of Publication: 8 Oct
2005
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
methadone (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (drug therapy)
financial management
medical education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
general practitioner
health care organization
human
note
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
pharmacist
practice guideline
primary health care
professional practice
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005473583
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 769
TITLE
The effect of educational intervention on pharmacists' attitudes to
substance misusers
AUTHOR NAMES
Jones L.
Edge J.
Love A.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jones L., Lynn.jones@swansea-tr.wales.nhs.uk; Edge J.; Love A.C.) Community
Drug and Alcohol Team, Caebricks Road, Cwmbwrla, Swansea SA8 4NS, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. Jones, Community Drug and Alcohol Team, Caebricks Road, Cwmbwrla, Swansea
SA8 4NS, United Kingdom. Email: Lynn.jones@swansea-tr.wales.nhs.uk
SOURCE
Journal of Substance Use (2005) 10:5 (285-292). Date of Publication: Oct
2005
ISSN
1465-9891
1475-9942 (electronic)
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine if a conventional educational
training evening influenced pharmacists' attitudes towards methadone
substitution programmes and substance misusers. The sample consisted of 42
community pharmacists who attended two locally organized training evenings
dealing with aspects of methadone prescribing. The Abstinence Orientation
Scale (AOS) measuring attitudes to abstinence-orientated methadone
substitution programmes was administered. Attitudes towards substance users
and knowledge of methadone were also assessed. Pharmacists completed scales
immediately before and after the educational intervention and a month later.
Pharmacist assistants completed questionnaires at baseline and at 1-month
follow-up. The null hypothesis tested was that there was no significant
attitudinal change following the educational intervention. The mean
pharmacist AOS score indicated a relatively strong commitment to abstinence
programmes which decreased with time (p<0.48). Pharmacist assistant scores
showed a significant decrease at 1 month to a mean of 3.41 (p<0.046). Drug
disapproval and methadone knowledge scores showed a non-statistically
significant increase over the follow-up period for both groups. These
results indicate that there is a minimal change in attitude towards
methadone programmes; substance misuse and knowledge of methadone among
pharmacists following structured educational training in this area. This
suggests that alternative means of addressing these issues need to be
considered. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
health personnel attitude
paramedical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
community care
competence
drug substitution
follow up
health program
human
methadone treatment
pharmacist
prescription
priority journal
questionnaire
rating scale
scoring system
staff training
statistical analysis
statistical significance
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005447107
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14659890412331318903
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 770
TITLE
How first-time-in-human studies are being performed: A survey of phase I
dose-escalation trials in healthy volunteers published between 1995 and 2004
AUTHOR NAMES
Buoen C.
Bjerrum O.J.
Thomsen M.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Buoen C.; Bjerrum O.J.) Department of Pharmacology, Danish University of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
(Thomsen M.S.) Prosidion Ltd., Oxford, United Kingdom.
(Buoen C.) Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacology, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Buoen, Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacology, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2005) 45:10 (1123-1136). Date of
Publication: October 2005
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
First-time-in-human studies are small, time-lagged dose-escalation studies
including volunteer subjects evaluating safety and tolerability. There is
little consensus in the design of a first-time-in-human study, and it is
difficult to get an overview of studies performed. One hundred five studies
comprising 3323 healthy volunteers published in the 5 major clinical
pharmacology journals since 1995 were analyzed. The average trial was
placebo controlled, double blind including 32 subjects at 5 dose levels but
with great variation in cohort size and dose-escalation method. The parallel
single-dose design was the most common design, with the crossover designs
being more frequent in the early publications. Despite discussions on the
optimization of phase I trials, little seems to be happening. The
development of study designs and evaluation methods for cancer trials is
extensive, but formal statistically based methods and more scientific study
designs are unusual in phase I dose-escalation trials in healthy volunteers.
©2005 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antacid agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antidiabetic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antiemetic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
anthelmintic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antianemic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
anticoagulant agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
anticonvulsive agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antihistaminic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antihypertensive agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antiinflammatory agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antiparasitic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
antivirus agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
cardiac agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
hypophysis hormone (clinical trial, drug dose)
hypothalamus hormone (clinical trial, drug dose)
immunosuppressive agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
psychotropic agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
respiratory tract agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
sex hormone (clinical trial, drug dose)
urinary tract agent (clinical trial, drug dose)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical research
health survey
phase 1 clinical trial
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
crossover procedure
dose response
double blind procedure
drug safety
drug tolerability
evaluation study
human
human experiment
medical literature
meta analysis
multiple drug abuse
normal human
process optimization
randomized controlled trial
review
single drug dose
statistical analysis
systematic review
volunteer
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Aventis
Bayer
DuPont Merck
Hamamatsu
Hoechst Marion Roussel
Hoffmann La Roche
Johnson and Johnson
Merck
Novo Nordisk
Orion
Pfizer
Pharmos
Rhone Poulenc Rorer
Vertex
Wyeth
Yamanouchi
Yoshitomi
Zeneca
Zeria
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hypophysis hormone (85883-81-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005432725
MEDLINE PMID
16172177 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16172177)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270005279943
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 771
TITLE
Self-reported medication use in community-residing older adults: A pilot
study
AUTHOR NAMES
Roth M.T.
Ivey J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Roth M.T., mroth@unc.edu) Division of Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative
Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, CB 7360 Kerr
Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, United States.
(Ivey J.L.) School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, CB 7360 Kerr
Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.T. Roth, Division of Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative Sciences, School
of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7360 Kerr Hall,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, United States. Email: mroth@unc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal Geriatric Pharmacotherapy (2005) 3:3 (196-204). Date of
Publication: September 2005
ISSN
1543-5946
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Older adults (ie, those aged ≥65 years) are at increased risk of
developing drug therapy problems, which may lead to poor health outcomes and
decreased quality of life. Objective: The primary goal of this pilot study
was to evaluate and report medication use and potential drug therapy
problems in older adults who received Eldercare program assistance through
the Orange County Department on Aging in North Carolina. Methods: Between
May and July 2002, subjects were consecutively sampled from a registry of
adults aged ≥60 years enrolled in the Eldercare program. To be eligible for
the study, individuals had to be receiving the services of the Eldercare
program, speak English, and reside independently in the community of Orange
County. The older adults were contacted by the program director to determine
interest in participating in the study. If interested, the individual was
contacted by a trained pharmacy doctoral student to verify study eligibility
and arrange a home visit. At the home visit, information was collected via
self-report on medication use and medical history. Nonadherence, potentially
inappropriate prescribing, health literacy, and functional capacity were
also assessed. All home visits were conducted between May and July 2002.
Results: A total of 100 subjects were interviewed. The mean (SD) age of
respondents was 77.5 (8.7) years; 85% were women, 66% were white, 34% black,
and 70% lived alone. The mean (SD) number of prescription medications used
per patient was 9.6 (4.1). Adequate health literacy, defined as a score ≥23
(range of possible scores, 0-36) on the Short Test of Functional Health
Literacy in Adults, was documented in only 35% of individuals. Twenty-five
percent of the sample (25/100) had reduced functional capacity when
evaluated on the Functional Activities Questionnaire, with total scores ≥10
(range of possible scores, 10-30) indicative of reduced functional ability.
Rates of nonadherence, defined as a score of 0 to 3 on the 4-item Morisky
instrument, were 53%. When evaluating inappropriate prescribing based on the
Beers criteria, 34% of individuals used ≥1 potentially inappropriate
medication. In bivariate analyses, there was a statistically significant
relationship between race and number of medications (P < 0.002), adherence
(P < 0.001), health literacy status (P < 0.001), and functional capacity (P
< 0.027). No differences were noted when examining the effects of age on the
same variables. Conclusions: In this study, older adults residing
independently in the community were responsible for managing and taking a
considerable number of medications on a daily basis. In addition, inadequate
health literacy, poor adherence, and potentially inappropriate medication
use were prevalent in this sample. The results also suggest that race may
have played an important role in the risk of developing medication-related
problems. Copyright © 2005 Excerpta Medica, Inc.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aging
drug utilization
self report
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
female
functional assessment
health behavior
health promotion
health status
high risk population
human
major clinical study
male
medication error
patient compliance
pharmacist
pilot study
prescription
prevalence
priority journal
race difference
responsibility
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005522573
MEDLINE PMID
16257822 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16257822)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1543-5946(05)80026-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 772
TITLE
Effects of honokiol and magnolol on beta-endorphin in relieving morphine
withdrawal symptoms in rats
AUTHOR NAMES
Huang D.-B.
Yu Z.-F.
Li Q.-W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Huang D.-B.) Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Hubei National
College, Enshi 445000 Hubei Province, China.
(Yu Z.-F.; Li Q.-W.) Foreign Language College, Medical College of Hubei
National College, Enshi 445000 Hubei Province, China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.-B. Huang, Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Hubei National
College, Enshi 445000 Hubei Province, China.
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation (2005) 9:32 (230-231). Date of
Publication: 28 Aug 2005
ISSN
1671-5926
ABSTRACT
Background: It has been verified pharmacologically that honokiol (HL) and
magnolol (ML) have distinct effects on central inhibition and muscle
relaxation, and some reports prove that they can relieve morphine withdrawal
symptoms in animals. Objective: To explore the effects of HL and ML on
β-endorphin (β-EP) in relieving morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats.
Design: Randomized controlled study. Setting: Pharmacological Department,
the Medical School of Hubei national College. Participants: The experiment
was conducted from 13 to 29 April, 2003. Among 100 adult male SD rats, 30
rats as control group were randomly divided into three subgroups: saline
group, HL group and ML group with 10 in each group. The other 70 rats as
morphine-dependent group were divided into normal saline group, 5, 40 and 80
mg/kg HL and ML groups with 10 in each group. Methods: 0.2 mL normal saline,
80 mg/kg HL and 80 mg/kg ML were injected intraperitoneally into rats in
control group. The dose of morphine subcutaneously injected was increased in
the rats in morphine-dependent group for 6 days to establish the model of
acute morphine dependence and model of natural morphine withdrawal symptoms.
The last injection was performed at 9:00 on the morning of day 6, and the
intraperitoneal injection was performed at 10:30 on the same morning. 0.2 mL
normal saline was injected into the rats of saline group. 5, 40 and 80 mg/kg
HL and 5, 40 and 80 mg/kg ML were given to rats in the other six groups,
respectively. Starting from 11:00, half an hour later, all natural morphine
withdrawal symptoms were observed in rats within an hour. Main outcome
measure: 1 The amount of β-EP was assayed in each group. 2 Scores of natural
morphine withdrawal symptoms were compared among rats in the 7
morphine-dependent subgroups. Results: 1 β-EP level in CSF: It was obviously
higher in HL, ML and control groups than in normal saline group (P < 0.01),
and HL group had higher β-EP level than ML group (P < 0.05). β-EP level was
obviously lower in morphine-dependent+saline groups than in control+saline
groups (P < 0.01). β-EP level in morphine-dependent+5, 40 and 80 mg/kg HL
groups and in morphine-dependent+5, 40 and 80 mg/kg ML groups was obviously
higher than that in saline group (P < 0.01), and it had dose-effect
relationship. 2 Scores of natural morphine withdrawal symptoms in rats of
morphine-dependent group: Scores of wetshakes, penile licking, escape
attempts, and weight lost in HL and ML subgroups were obviously lower than
those in saline group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: HL and ML can markedly
restrain morphine withdrawal symptoms and this restraint is related to the
increase of β-EP level in the brain. HL and ML have equal inhibitory effects
on morphine-dependent rats, but HL is more effective than ML in normal rats.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
beta endorphin (endogenous compound)
honokiol (drug development, drug dose, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
magnolol (drug development, drug dose, drug therapy, intraperitoneal drug
administration, pharmacology)
morphine (drug dose, subcutaneous drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
sodium chloride
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
dose response
drug mechanism
male
morphine addiction (drug therapy)
muscle relaxation
nonhuman
rat
treatment outcome
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(China)Qinghai
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
beta endorphin (59887-17-1)
honokiol (35354-74-6)
magnolol (528-43-8)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
sodium chloride (7647-14-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Chinese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005500968
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 773
TITLE
Double standards [8]
AUTHOR NAMES
Zaidi F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zaidi F.)
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2005) 275:7356 (19). Date of Publication: 2 Jul 2005
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
accreditation
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
competence
drug dependence
health hazard
human
letter
paramedical disciplines
paramedical profession
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
professional practice
public health service
registration
wellbeing
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005302923
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 774
TITLE
Statewide evaluation of a tobacco cessation curriculum for pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Corelli R.L.
Kroon L.A.
Chung E.P.
Sakamoto L.M.
Gundersen B.
Fenlon C.M.
Hudmon K.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Corelli R.L.; Kroon L.A.; Hudmon K.S., karen.hudmon@yale.edu) Department of
Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San
Francisco, United States.
(Chung E.P.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, W. University of Health
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, United States.
(Sakamoto L.M.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern
California, School of Pharmacy, United States.
(Gundersen B.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of the Pacific,
Thomas J. Long Sch. Pharm. Hlth. S., United States.
(Fenlon C.M.; Hudmon K.S., karen.hudmon@yale.edu) Dept. of Epidemiol. and
Pub. Health, Yale University, School of Medicine, 60 College Street, New
Haven, CT 06520, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.S. Hudmon, Dept. of Epidemiol. and Pub. Health, Yale University, School of
Medicine, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. Email:
karen.hudmon@yale.edu
SOURCE
Preventive Medicine (2005) 40:6 (888-895). Date of Publication: June 2005
ISSN
0091-7435
BOOK PUBLISHER
Academic Press Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background. Previous studies suggest that healthcare professionals are
inadequately trained to treat tobacco use and dependence. Because even brief
interventions from clinicians improve patient quit rates, widespread
implementation of effective tobacco cessation training programs for health
professional students is needed. Methods. Pharmacy students received 7-8 h
of comprehensive tobacco cessation training. Participants completed pre- and
post-program surveys assessing perceived overall abilities for cessation
counseling, skills for key facets of cessation counseling (Ask, Advise,
Assess, Assist, Arrange), and self-efficacy for counseling. Results. A total
of 493 students (82.3%) completed linkable pre- and post-training
evaluations. Self-reported abilities, measured on a five-point scale,
increased significantly from 1.89 ± 0.89 to 3.53 ± 0.72 (P < 0.001).
Twenty-two percent of students rated their overall counseling abilities as
good, very good, or excellent before the training versus 94% of students
after the training. Eighty-seven percent of students indicated the training
will increase the number of patients that they counsel; 97% believed it will
increase the quality of their cessation counseling. Conclusions.
Comprehensive training significantly improved pharmacy students' perceived
confidence and ability to provide tobacco cessation counseling. The
curriculum is applicable to other health professional training programs and
currently is being used to train pharmacy, medical, nursing, and dental
students. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
education program
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled study
evaluation study
health care delivery
health care personnel
health care quality
health program
health survey
human
medical education
medical school
medical student
patient counseling
preventive medicine
priority journal
self report
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005197279
MEDLINE PMID
15850892 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15850892)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.10.003
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 775
TITLE
The corporate coauthor
AUTHOR NAMES
Fugh-Berman A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fugh-Berman A., ajf29@georgetown.edu) Department of Physiology and
Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United
States.
(Fugh-Berman A., ajf29@georgetown.edu) Department of Physiology and
Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Box 571460,
Washington, DC 20051-1460, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Fugh-Berman, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown
University School of Medicine, Box 571460, Washington, DC 20051-1460, United
States. Email: ajf29@georgetown.edu
SOURCE
Journal of General Internal Medicine (2005) 20:6 (546-548). Date of
Publication: June 2005
ISSN
0884-8734
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Drug marketing techniques include the sponsorship of articles signed by
academic physicians or researchers and submitted to peer-reviewed medical
journals. Some of these articles are authored or coauthored by ghostwriters
who work for pharmaceutical companies or medical education companies hired
by pharmaceutical companies. Conflicts of interest may be difficult to
detect in the subset of articles and presentations sponsored by
pharmaceutical companies that never mention the targeted drug, but focus on
stimulating the perceived need for the targeted drug or highlighting
problems with competing drugs. The current voluntary standards for declaring
conflicts of interest to readers of medical journals and audiences at
medical conferences are inadequate. A public database that contains
conflicts of interest of physicians and researchers would be useful.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
writing
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
data base
drug marketing
medical literature
peer review
physician
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005325854
MEDLINE PMID
15987332 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15987332)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.05857.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 776
TITLE
Smoking habits among pharmacy students at a University in central Saudi
Arabia
AUTHOR NAMES
Al-Arifi M.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Al-Arifi M.N., malarifi@ksu.edu.sa) College of Pharmacy, King Saud
University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.N. Al-Arifi, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457,
Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Email: malarifi@ksu.edu.sa
SOURCE
Saudi Medical Journal (2005) 26:5 (893-895). Date of Publication: May 2005
ISSN
0379-5284
BOOK PUBLISHER
Saudi Arabian Armed Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 7897, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical student
pharmacy
smoking habit
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
age
article
attitude
awareness
bladder cancer
chronic obstructive lung disease
controlled study
coping behavior
data analysis
demography
disease association
education program
family life
gastrointestinal disease
health hazard
health personnel attitude
heart disease
human
human relation
job performance
lung cancer
mental stress
newborn mortality
Parkinson disease
patient counseling
pharmacist
prevalence
public health
public health service
questionnaire
reliability
risk factor
Saudi Arabia
smoking
smoking cessation
social aspect
tobacco dependence
university
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Urology and Nephrology (28)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005292210
MEDLINE PMID
15951896 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15951896)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 777
TITLE
Impact of a pharmaceutical care program in a community pharmacy on patients
with dyslipidemia
AUTHOR NAMES
Paulós C.P.
Akesson Nygren C.E.
Celedón C.
Cárcamo C.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Paulós C.P., cpaulos@fasa.cl) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Fac. Cie.
Quimicas Y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
(Paulós C.P., cpaulos@fasa.cl) Pharmaceutical Services, Farmacias Ahumada
S.A., Santiago, Chile.
(Akesson Nygren C.E.) Instituto de Farmacia, Universidad Austral de Chile,
Valdivia, Chile.
(Celedón C.; Cárcamo C.A.) Farmacias Ahumada S.A., .
(Paulós C.P., cpaulos@fasa.cl) Universidad de Chile, Fac. Cie. Quimicas Y
Farmaceuticas, Olivos 1001, Of. 209, Indepencia, Santiago, Chile.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.P. Paulós, Universidad de Chile, Fac. Cie. Quimicas Y Farmaceuticas,
Olivos 1001, Of. 209, Indepencia, Santiago, Chile. Email: cpaulos@fasa.cl
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2005) 39:5 (939-943). Date of Publication: May
2005
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate use of medications is a significant problem in
health care today. A possible solution to this problem may be achieved
through better control of patients' drug therapy. OBJECTIVE: To design a
pharmaceutical care program for dyslipidemic patients within a community
pharmacy setting that provides education in the areas of medication
compliance and lifestyle modifications, while emphasizing the importance of
achieving cholesterol goals to ensure improvement in quality of life.
METHODS: Patients at an outpatient pharmacy volunteered to be surveyed for
16 weeks. Although both the intervention and control groups were surveyed,
the randomly selected intervention group was interviewed more frequently and
more comprehensively. Cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, weight, risk
factors, drug-related problems (DRPs), and quality of life were measured via
a survey at the onset of the study and continually measured until the
study's conclusion. RESULTS: In the intervention group, 26 DRPs were
detected, of which 24 were resolved; in the control group, 26 DRPs were
detected, of which 5 were resolved. When comparing initial and final blood
cholesterol levels in the intervention group, the mean decrease was 27.0 ±
41.1 mg/dL (p = 0.0266); in the control group, the average blood cholesterol
level decreased by a mean of 1.4 ± 37.2 mg/dL (p = 0.6624). In the
intervention group, the triglyceride level decreased an average of 50.5
±80.3 mg/dL (p = 0.0169), while the control group experienced a mean
triglyceride level increase of 29.6 ± 118.5 mg/dL (p = 0.1435). As a result
of the intervention, the quality of life in the intervention group was
improved. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term pharmaceutical care plans developed in a
retail pharmacy within the proper setting may contribute to improved blood
lipid values, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and patients' quality of
life.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (drug therapy, pharmacology)
atorvastatin (drug therapy, pharmacology)
cholesterol (endogenous compound)
glucose (endogenous compound)
triacylglycerol (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dyslipidemia (disease management, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
body weight
cardiovascular risk
cholesterol blood level
clinical article
controlled study
female
glucose blood level
health program
health survey
human
interview
lifestyle
male
outpatient
patient compliance
patient education
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
priority journal
quality of life
review
triacylglycerol blood level
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (1553-55-5)
atorvastatin (134523-00-5, 134523-03-8)
cholesterol (57-88-5)
glucose (50-99-7, 84778-64-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005190616
MEDLINE PMID
15827075 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15827075)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1E347
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 778
TITLE
Tobacco education in U.S. schools of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Hudmon K.S.
Bardel K.
Kroon L.A.
Fenlon C.M.
Corelli R.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hudmon K.S., karen.hudmon@yale.edu; Fenlon C.M.) Department of Epidemiology
and Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, 60 College Street,
New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
(Bardel K.; Kroon L.A.; Corelli R.L.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy,
School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.S. Hudmon, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology
and Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
Email: karen.hudmon@yale.edu
SOURCE
Nicotine and Tobacco Research (2005) 7:2 (225-232). Date of Publication:
April 2005
ISSN
1462-2203
1469-994X (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
This study is the first to characterize tobacco-related content in pharmacy
school curricula in the United States. A national survey mailed to 83 U.S.
schools of pharmacy assessed the extent to which tobacco is addressed in
required coursework, educational methods of instruction, perceived
importance of addressing tobacco in the doctor of pharmacy degree program,
perceived adequacy of current levels of tobacco education in curricula, and
perceived barriers to enhancing the tobacco-related content. A total of 82
surveys (98.8% response) revealed a median of 170 min of tobacco education
throughout the doctor of pharmacy program. The most heavily emphasized
topics are aids for cessation, assisting patients with quitting, nicotine
pharmacology and principles of addiction, and drug interactions with
smoking, yet more than 40% of respondents believed that each of these topics
was covered inadequately. Key barriers to enhancing tobacco training are
lack of curriculum time and lack of clinical clerkship sites focusing on
tobacco interventions. Pharmacy faculty members perceive tobacco cessation
training to be important, yet a mismatch exists between the perceived
importance and the perceived adequacy of current levels of training in
pharmacy school curricula. The results of this study will serve as a
baseline measure against which future, parallel assessments will be compared
as faculty at schools of pharmacy across the United States work together
toward enhancing the tobacco cessation training of student pharmacists. ©
2005 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
smoking
tobacco
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled study
curriculum
education program
health survey
human
human experiment
medical school
medical student
pharmacist
pharmacy
priority journal
rating scale
smoking cessation
smoking habit
statistical analysis
statistical significance
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005276232
MEDLINE PMID
16036279 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16036279)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14622200500055392
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 779
TITLE
On the front line of smoking cessation: Pharmacists' practices and
self-perception
AUTHOR NAMES
Brewster J.M.
Ashley M.J.
Laurier C.
Dioso R.
Charles Victor J.
Ferrence R.
Cohen J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brewster J.M., joan_brewster@camh.net; Ashley M.J.; Charles Victor J.;
Ferrence R.; Cohen J.) Department of Public Health Sciences, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Brewster J.M., joan_brewster@camh.net; Ashley M.J.; Dioso R.; Charles
Victor J.; Ferrence R.; Cohen J.) Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Toronto,
Ont., Canada.
(Laurier C.) Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Que.,
Canada.
(Brewster J.M., joan_brewster@camh.net) Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, 33
Russell Street, Toronto, Ont. M5S 2S1, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.M. Brewster, Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, 33 Russell Street, Toronto,
Ont. M5S 2S1, Canada. Email: joan_brewster@camh.net
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (2005) 138:3 (32-38). Date of Publication:
Apr 2005
ISSN
0828-6914
ABSTRACT
Background: Pharmacists can be effective in helping patients to quit
smoking, and opportunities for such interaction have been facilitated by
legislative change making nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) available
without prescription in Canada. However, there are no previous studies of
Canadian pharmacists' preparation for, perception of, or practices regarding
their roles in smoking cessation. Methods: Practising community pharmacists
in four Canadian provinces were surveyed about their tobacco-related
education and knowledge, practice environment, perceptions of their roles
and practices related to helping people quit smoking, and factors perceived
to facilitate tobacco-related practice. Results: A corrected response rate
of 72% was obtained, giving a weighted n of 960 responses. Most pharmacists
reported good or excellent knowledge of the health effects of smoking and
the use of NRT in smoking cessation. Fewer reported being knowledgeable
about behavioural approaches to quitting smoking. Advising patients about
NRT was seen as a more important role for pharmacists than giving patients
pamphlets or behavioural counselling. Pharmacists' reported practices
corresponded to their knowledge and judged importance of roles; pharmacists
were not proactive in approaching patients about smoking, but when smokers
were identified, pharmacists gave brief advice about the use of NRT.
Respondents reported that their smoking cessation practice was facilitated
by their own knowledge and skills, patients' interest in quitting,
opportunities for patient interaction, and the support of pharmacy
management for patient counselling. Conclusions: Improving pharmacist
education in patient counselling and behavioural approaches to smoking
cessation would help to develop skills in initiating discussions about
smoking and would give pharmacists a wider range of options to help patients
quit smoking.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nicotine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
behavior modification
Canada
education
human
nicotine replacement therapy
patient counseling
perception
pharmacy
prescription
review
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine (54-11-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005449770
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 780
TITLE
Heroin-dependence and detoxification in the expression of brain-derived
neurotrophic factor in rat
AUTHOR NAMES
Luo Q.-H.
Ma Z.-T.
Yu H.-P.
Du X.-D.
Meng H.-Q.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Luo Q.-H., doctorlqh@hotmail.com; Yu H.-P.; Du X.-D.; Meng H.-Q.) Mental
Health Center, Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016,
China.
(Ma Z.-T.) Pinghu Section, Three Gorges Central Hospital, Fuling 404000,
China.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Q.-H. Luo, Mental Health Center, Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,
Chongqing 400016, China. Email: doctorlqh@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation (2005) 9:12 (252-254). Date of
Publication: Mar 2005
ISSN
1671-5926
ABSTRACT
Background: Multiple applications of opium medicines can induce the
accommodative changes of morphology and function in some intracerebral.
nerve positions. These accommodative changes are important neurobiological
bases inducing drug-desire and re-addiction after detoxification. However,
the actual molecular mechanism is unclear at present. Objective: To
investigate the impacts of the generation of heroin-dependence and
detoxification on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in rat to provide
a laboratorial gist for the participation of BDNS in heroin-dependence and
detoxification. Design: A randomized controlled study by employing
experimental animals as subjects. Setting: Mental health center of a medical
university affiliated hospital. Materials: The study was conducted in the
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical
University between March 2004 and July 2004. Totally 30 inbreeding clean
male SD rats with a bodymass between 200 g and 250 g were obtained from the
Experimental Animal Center of the Third Military Medical University of
Chinese PLA. Rats were randomly divided into blank control group(control
group), heroin-dependent group (heroin group), and naloxone detoxification
group(naloxone group) with 10 rats each. Methods: Morphine was
subcutaneously injected into the rat with dose-increasing method to
establish heroin-dependence rat model. Rats of naloxone group received
subcutaneously injection of 2 mg/kg of naloxone to excite abstinent
symptoms. The same dose of normal saline(NS) was injected in rats of control
group. Model rats of each group were observed biologically and behaviorally.
BDNF expression at different brain zone of rats in three different groups
was tested with immunohistochemistry and digoxin-labeled oligonucleoide
probe in situ hybridization technique. Main outcome measures: 1 The
comparison of BDNF protein, BDNFmRNA mean optical density in the brain of
rats among each group; 2 Comparison of the evaluation of abstinent symptoms
in rats of each group. Results: In the heroin group, the relative content of
BDNF protein was higher in frontal lobe cortex, locus caeruleus and
hippocampus, than that of the control group(P < 0.05); BDNFmRNA relative
content was higher in frontal lobe cortex than that of the control group(P <
0.05). In naloxone group, BDNF and its mRNA relative contents in frontal
lobe cortex, locus caeruleus and hippocampus were higher than that of heroin
group and control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Chronic administration of
heroin could affect BDNF protein and its mRNA expressions in the
corresponding brain areas of the rats, which suggests that the change of
BDNF expression participates in heroin-dependence and detoxification.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
brain derived neurotrophic factor (endogenous compound)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
messenger RNA (endogenous compound)
morphine (subcutaneous drug administration)
naloxone (drug therapy, subcutaneous drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
detoxification
heroin dependence (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abstinence
animal experiment
animal model
article
controlled study
drug response
frontal lobe
hippocampus
immunohistochemistry
in situ hybridization
locus ceruleus
male
nonhuman
rat
statistical analysis
statistical significance
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Beijing Sihuan Pharmaceuticals
Shenyang
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
brain derived neurotrophic factor (218441-99-7)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Chinese
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005266014
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 781
TITLE
Suggested guidelines for pharmacotherapy curricula in family medicine
residency training: Recommendations from the society of teachers of family
medicine group on pharmacotherapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Bazaldua O.
Ables A.Z.
Dickerson L.M.
Hansen L.
Harris I.
Hoehns J.
Jackson E.
Kraus C.
Mayville H.
Saseen J.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bazaldua O., bazaldua@uthscsa.edu) Univ. of Texas Health Science Center,
San Antonio, TX, United States.
(Ables A.Z.) Spartanburg Fam. Med. Residency P., Spartanburg, SC, United
States.
(Dickerson L.M.) Medical University of South Carolina, .
(Hansen L.; Saseen J.J.) University of Colorado, .
(Harris I.) University of Minnesota, .
(Hoehns J.) University of Iowa, .
(Jackson E.) University of Connecticut, .
(Kraus C.) University of Wisconsin, .
(Mayville H.) Lehigh Valley Hospital, Lehigh, PA, United States.
(Bazaldua O., bazaldua@uthscsa.edu) Univ. of Texas Health Science Center,
7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O. Bazaldua, Univ. of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive,
San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States. Email: bazaldua@uthscsa.edu
SOURCE
Family Medicine (2005) 37:2 (99-104). Date of Publication: February 2005
ISSN
0742-3225
BOOK PUBLISHER
Society of Teachers of Family Medicine, Ste 540, Leawood, United States.
ABSTRACT
Rational drug use has increasingly received public policy attention in
efforts to maintain quality health care at lower costs. Prescribing habits
are developed during residency training, and education regarding rational
drug use should be an integral part of the residency curricula. Considering
that many medical errors in family medicine are related to incorrect
medication management, there is need for a focused education in
pharmacotherapy. This paper outlines suggested guidelines for
pharmacotherapy curricula in family medicine residency training, as
recommended by the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine Group on
Pharmacotherapy. A pharmacotherapy curriculum should include common
conditions managed in family medicine, as well as general principles of
pharmacotherapy. This should allow for repeated exposure to core topics over
a 3-year cycle and be delivered in various settings (didactic teaching,
longitudinal active learning, point-of-care education, and rotations). The
curriculum should apply and evaluate pharmacotherapy education according to
the six core competencies of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical
Education (ACGME). Although physician faculty can be responsible for
pharmacotherapy education, a clinical pharmacist is uniquely qualified to
provide this service. Overall, family medicine residents need comprehensive
instruction in pharmacotherapy to develop rational prescribing habits. A
structured pharmacotherapy curriculum may assist in achieving this goal and
in meeting the ACGME core competencies for residency training.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
family medicine
residency education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (disease management)
cardiovascular disease (disease management)
clinical pharmacy
competence
curriculum
education program
endocrine disease (disease management)
gastrointestinal disease (disease management)
hospital information system
infection (disease management)
intoxication (disease management)
lung disease (disease management)
male genital system disease (disease management)
maternal disease (disease management)
mental disease (disease management)
musculoskeletal disease (disease management)
neurologic disease (disease management)
osteoporosis (disease management)
practice guideline
resident
review
skin disease (disease management)
teacher
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005068117
MEDLINE PMID
15690249 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15690249)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 782
TITLE
Evaluation of pharmacists' interventions at a university teaching hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Olson L.M.
Desai S.
Soto M.L.
Namazifard S.
Quelland A.K.
Erstad B.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Olson L.M.) University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, 1703 E. Mabel
Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, United States.
(Olson L.M.) Department of Critical Care, Advocate Christ Medical Center,
Oak Lawn, IL, United States.
(Desai S.) H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.
(Soto M.L.) El Rio Disease State Mgmt. Program, Tucson, AZ, United States.
(Namazifard S.; Quelland A.K.) University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, United
States.
(Erstad B.L., erstad@pharmacy.arizona.edu) Dept. of Pharmacy
Practice/Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.L. Erstad, Dept. of Pharmacy Practice/Science, College of Pharmacy,
University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, United
States. Email: erstad@pharmacy.arizona.edu
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (2005) 58:1 (20-25). Date of
Publication: Feb 2005
ISSN
0008-4123
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The primary purpose of this pilot study was to help justify the
positions of clinical pharmacists by identifying and describing the
interventions most likely to have the greatest impact on patient care in
terms of severity of medication-related problems and associated costs. A
secondary objective was to identify potential problems related to data
collection and cost estimation, to allow appropriate changes in
documentation procedures for future data collection. Methods: All clinical
interventions by staff pharmacists reported at a university medical centre
during the period September to November 2001 were analyzed retrospectively.
The focus was on interventions that prevented adverse drug events (described
as very serious and serious on documentation forms). The cost impact was
analyzed in terms of cost savings attained by shortening a planned course of
drug therapy and cost avoidance achieved by avoiding adverse drug events.
Results: Five pharmacists reported a total of 47 interventions.
Approximately twice as many of the avoided adverse drug events were deemed
serious as were deemed very serious. A substantial proportion of the
interventions (21 [45%]) took approximately 15 to 30 min to perform. Order
clarification and corrections and provision of drug information accounted
for the most interventions (17 [36%] and 15 [32%], respectively).
Approximately 60% of all interventions were classified as subtherapeutic
dosing (10 [21%]), untreated disease states (6 [13%]), potential overdose (6
[13%]), and failure to receive drug (5 [11%]). According to published work
on the cost of adverse drug events, the total cost avoidance for the 33
preventable adverse drug events reported by pharmacists in this study was
US$84,631 and the cost-benefit ratio was 1.2. One of the problems noted in
the economic analysis was the difficulty in assigning more specific cost
figures to each of the interventions that was estimated to result in more
than US$1000 in cost savings. Conclusions: Pharmacists can play an important
role in preventing medication-related problems (particularly adverse drug
events), and the interventions they perform are cost-beneficial.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacy
cost benefit analysis
cost control
disease severity
drug dose regimen
drug information
drug overdose
drug safety
economic evaluation
health economics
hospital personnel
human
information processing
medical documentation
patient care
pilot study
retrospective study
teaching hospital
treatment planning
university hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005126199
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 783
TITLE
An evaluation of managing and educating patients on the risk of
glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
AUTHOR NAMES
McDonough R.P.
Doucette W.R.
Kumbera P.
Klepser D.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McDonough R.P.; Doucette W.R., william-doucette@uiowa.edu) University of
Iowa, College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, IA, United States.
(Kumbera P.) Outcomes Pharmaceutical Hlth. C., Des Moines, IA, United
States.
(Doucette W.R., william-doucette@uiowa.edu) Ctr. Improving Medication Use
Comm., University of Iowa, S518 PHAR, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
(Klepser D.G.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.R. Doucette, Ctr. Improving Medication Use Comm., University of Iowa, S518
PHAR, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. Email: william-doucette@uiowa.edu
SOURCE
Value in Health (2005) 8:1 (24-31). Date of Publication: January/February
2005
ISSN
1098-3015
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the impact of risk management activities on patient
risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Methods: Ninety-six adult
patients taking chronic glucocorticoid therapy in 15 community pharmacies.
Patients in the control group received usual and customary care. Patients in
the treatment pharmacies received education and an educational pamphlet
about the risks of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. In addition, the
treatment group pharmacists monitored the patients' drug therapy, to
identify and address drug-related problems. Data including the
glucocorticoid taken by the patient, medications, and osteoporosis risk
factors were collected at baseline and after 9 months of monitoring, via
Web-based survey completed in the pharmacy. Using an intent to treat
approach, the pre-post frequency changes were compared with contrasts for
presence of bisphosphonate therapy, presence of estrogen therapy, presence
of calcium supplement, discussion of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
risk, discussion of bone density test, presence of bone mineral density
test, reported inactivity, and reported low calcium diet. Results: The
contrast was significant in favor of the treatment pharmacies for the
frequency of patients taking a calcium supplement (Control [-6.9%] vs.
Treatment [17.1%], P < 0.05). No other contrast was significant.
Conclusions: Community pharmacists are capable of increasing calcium
supplementation among patients at risk for glucocorticoid-induced
osteoporosis. Pharmacists who educate at-risk patients can impact the
self-care of these patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
glucocorticoid (adverse drug reaction, drug dose)
prednisolone (adverse drug reaction, drug dose)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
bisphosphonic acid derivative
calcium
estrogen
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
osteoporosis (side effect, therapy)
patient care
patient education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
bone density
controlled study
drug monitoring
estrogen therapy
female
health survey
human
major clinical study
male
medical assessment
patient monitoring
pharmacy
priority journal
risk factor
self care
vitamin supplementation
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium (7440-70-2)
prednisolone (50-24-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Orthopedic Surgery (33)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2005097758
MEDLINE PMID
15841891 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15841891)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2005.04007.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 784
TITLE
The impact of pharmaceutical care practice on the practitioner and the
patient in the ambulatory practice setting: Twenty-five years of experience
AUTHOR NAMES
Strand L.M.
Cipolle R.J.
Morley P.C.
Frakes M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Strand L.M., pipc@umn.edu; Cipolle R.J.; Morley P.C.; Frakes M.J.) Peters
Inst. of Pharmaceutical Care, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota,
308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0343, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.M. Strand, Peters Inst. of Pharmaceutical Care, College of Pharmacy,
University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0343,
United States. Email: pipc@umn.edu
SOURCE
Current Pharmaceutical Design (2004) 10:31 (3987-4001). Date of Publication:
2004
ISSN
1381-6128
BOOK PUBLISHER
Bentham Science Publishers B.V., P.O. Box 294, Bussum, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
This manuscript reviews 25 years of experience that include developing the
practice of pharmaceutical care and initiating new practices. The impact
this practice has on practitioners in the ambulatory setting is described as
well as data that reflect its clinical and economic impact. There is a great
need to prepare new practitioners to provide pharmaceutical care. A focused
training program was developed and delivered to over 300 practitioners. The
practitioners were prepared by providing direct patient care. They learned
the philosophy of pharmaceutical care practice, to identify, resolve and
prevent drug therapy problems, to document care using a specially designed
software program called the Assurance Pharmaceutical Care© program. The
practitioners who participated in the training program reported that the
average amount of time spent with patients increased three-fold, they now
see four times more patients than prior to training, and the number of new
patients referred by physicians increased nine-fold as a result of the
program. These practitioners have now provided care to more than 25,000
patients in their practices. These data have now been consolidated and
analyzed, and a portion of these results is reported here. The clinical and
economic outcomes from 2,985 adult patients, who received pharmaceutical
care between January, 2000 and December, 2003, are presented. At the first
assessment by the pharmaceutical care practitioner, 61% of the patients had
one or more drug therapy problems identified and resolved. This resulted in
an improvement in the clinical status or maintaining a stable status in 83%
of the patients. The health care savings realized from pharmaceutical care
were $1,134,162. This represented a benefit to cost ratio of 2:1. Physicians
who collaborate with pharmaceutical care practitioners have validated the
work of the practitioners, and patients are recognizing the benefits of
pharmaceutical care. © 2004 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction)
alendronic acid (drug therapy)
amfebutamone (drug therapy)
amitriptyline (drug therapy)
atenolol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
atorvastatin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
calcium (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
captopril (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
conjugated estrogen (drug therapy)
estradiol (drug therapy)
furosemide (drug therapy)
gemfibrozil (drug therapy)
glibenclamide (drug therapy)
hydrochlorothiazide (drug therapy)
insulin (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
lansoprazole (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
levothyroxine (drug therapy)
loratadine (drug therapy)
metformin (drug therapy)
mometasone furoate (drug therapy)
nicotinic acid (drug therapy)
nifedipine (drug therapy)
raloxifene (drug therapy)
ranitidine (drug therapy)
rosiglitazone (drug therapy)
sertraline (drug therapy)
trazodone (drug therapy)
unindexed drug
valsartan (drug therapy)
zolpidem (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
allergic rhinitis (drug therapy)
ambulatory care
clinical practice
computer program
continuing education
cooperation
cost control
depression (drug therapy)
diabetes mellitus (drug therapy)
drug efficacy
drug indication
economic aspect
education program
esophagitis (drug therapy)
experience
follow up
gastritis (drug therapy)
health care cost
health care delivery
health care planning
health care quality
health status
human
hyperlipidemia (drug therapy)
hypertension (drug therapy)
hypothyroidism (drug therapy)
insomnia (drug therapy)
medical assessment
medical decision making
medical documentation
medical education
medical ethics
medical research
menopausal syndrome (drug therapy)
osteoporosis (drug therapy)
outcomes research
patient care
patient compliance
patient referral
pharmacist
physician
priority journal
resource allocation
review
side effect (side effect)
time
treatment failure
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
alendronic acid (66376-36-1)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
atenolol (29122-68-7)
atorvastatin (134523-00-5, 134523-03-8)
calcium (14092-94-5, 7440-70-2)
captopril (62571-86-2)
estradiol (50-28-2)
furosemide (54-31-9)
gemfibrozil (25812-30-0)
glibenclamide (10238-21-8)
hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5)
insulin (9004-10-8)
lansoprazole (103577-45-3, 138530-94-6, 138530-95-7)
levothyroxine (51-48-9)
loratadine (79794-75-5)
metformin (1115-70-4, 657-24-9)
mometasone furoate (105102-22-5, 83919-23-7)
nicotinic acid (54-86-4, 59-67-6)
nifedipine (21829-25-4)
raloxifene (82640-04-8, 84449-90-1)
ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3)
rosiglitazone (122320-73-4, 155141-29-0)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
valsartan (137862-53-4)
zolpidem (82626-48-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004520026
MEDLINE PMID
15579084 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15579084)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043382576
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 785
TITLE
Dexamethasone therapy in patients with brain tumors--a focus on tapering.
AUTHOR NAMES
Nahaczewski A.E.
Fowler S.B.
Hariharan S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nahaczewski A.E.; Fowler S.B.; Hariharan S.) Robert Wood Johnson University
Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.E. Nahaczewski, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick,
NJ, USA.
SOURCE
The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of
Neuroscience Nurses (2004) 36:6 (340-343). Date of Publication: Dec 2004
ISSN
0888-0395
ABSTRACT
Administration of corticosteriods in brain tumor patients requires an
understanding of the physiology of the adrenal system and desired patient
response. Close attention to other concomitant medications will ensure
adequate amounts of all drugs, including dexamethasone. Nurses need to
assess patients' tolerance of dexamethasone, discuss these findings with
physicians and pharmacists, and educate both patients and family members on
doses and tapering schedules tailored to individual patient needs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dexamethasone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration)
glucocorticoid (adverse drug reaction, drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
brain tumor (drug therapy)
withdrawal syndrome (prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
nursing
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
dexamethasone (50-02-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
15673210 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15673210)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 786
TITLE
How to train residents to identify and treat dual diagnosis patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Renner Jr. J.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Renner Jr. J.A.) Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of
Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
(Renner Jr. J.A.) Veterans Affairs Outpatient Clinic, 251 Causeway Street,
Boston, MA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.A. Renner Jr., Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of
Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
SOURCE
Biological Psychiatry (2004) 56:10 (810-816). Date of Publication: 15 Nov
2004
ISSN
0006-3223
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier USA, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, United States.
ABSTRACT
Medical training has failed to address the needs of patients with comorbid
substance use and psychiatric disorders. Addiction teaching is limited and
often fails to change the negative attitudes of many physicians. In many
psychiatry residencies, addiction training occurs on inpatient or
detoxification units and the focus is on screening, detoxification, and
referral. Most residents do not gain adequate experience in the long-term
management of dual-diagnosis patients. Successful clinical care is based on
three critical elements (the "clinician's triad"): an adequate knowledge
base, a positive attitude toward the patient and the benefits of treatment,
and a sense of responsibility for the clinical problem. The Boston
University Psychiatry Residency has designed an addiction training program
to address these three issues. In addition to a comprehensive addiction
seminar series, there are several unique features. The required clinical
rotation occurs in an outpatient dual-diagnosis clinic and permits residents
to follow a caseload of patients for 12 months. Extensive experience is
gained in motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, and
pharmacotherapy. Self-directed learning approaches are used to maximize the
educational experience on services that lack addiction faculty. Guidelines
are provided for establishing a similar program and for more effective
approaches to resident teaching.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
residency education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
attitude
behavior therapy
cognitive therapy
comorbidity
curriculum
drug dependence
drug detoxification
drug screening
experience
health care planning
hospital patient
human
leadership
learning
long term care
medical school
mental disease
mental health service
motivation
outpatient department
patient care
patient referral
physician
practice guideline
priority journal
psychopharmacotherapy
relapse (prevention)
resident
responsibility
review
science
substance abuse
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004501391
MEDLINE PMID
15556127 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15556127)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.04.003
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 787
TITLE
Pharmacist-managed tobacco cessation program in Veterans Health
Administration community-based outpatient clinic.
AUTHOR NAMES
Dent L.A.
Scott J.G.
Lewis E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dent L.A.; Scott J.G.; Lewis E.) School of Pharmacy and Allied Health
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1522, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.A. Dent, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, University of
Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-1522, USA. Email: larry.dent@umontana.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2004) 44:6
(700-714; quiz 714-715). Date of Publication: 2004 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1544-3191
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe an ongoing pharmacist-managed tobacco cessation
clinic and assess the long-term effectiveness of the program. SETTING:
Veterans Health Administration (VHA) community-based outpatient clinic in
Missoula, Montana. PARTICIPANTS: Pharmacy professor/clinical pharmacy
specialist, advanced pharmacy practice experience students, and tobacco
cessation participants. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: Ongoing, pharmacist-managed
tobacco cessation program offered to veterans. PRACTICE INNOVATION: With use
of the "Vets without Cigarettes" program developed by the Montana VHA and
the most current strategies reported in the literature, the clinical
pharmacy specialist and pharmacy students provide tobacco cessation services
for Missoula Veterans Affairs Primary Care Center veterans. Activities
include a three-session program using the Transtheoretical Model of Change,
tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy, behavioral strategies, cognitive
techniques, documentation, and follow-up survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:
Percentage of veterans contacted reporting tobacco abstinence. RESULTS:
Follow-up survey results were obtained for 130 (87.8%) of 148 veterans
attending one or more sessions of the tobacco cessation class between
November 1999 and December 2003. Of the 130 veterans contacted, 54 (41.5%)
continued to be tobacco free. CONCLUSION: This program demonstrates that
pharmacists are effective providers of tobacco cessation services.
Furthermore, a comprehensive tobacco cessation program is provided that can
serve as a model to guide pharmacists in assisting more patients to become
tobacco free and live healthier lifestyles.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone (drug administration, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy)
veteran
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
government
human
human relation
methodology
motivation
organization and management
outpatient department
program development
psychological aspect
treatment outcome
United States
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
15637853 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15637853)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 788
TITLE
Depression in HIV-infected patients: Allopathic, complementary, and
alternative treatments
AUTHOR NAMES
Fulk L.J.
Kane B.E.
Phillips K.D.
Bopp C.M.
Hand G.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fulk L.J.; Kane B.E.; Bopp C.M.; Hand G.A., ghand@sc.edu) Department of
Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 1300 Wheat Street, 29208,
Columbia, SC, United States.
(Phillips K.D.) College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, 1601 Green
Street, 29208, Columbia, SC, United States.
(Hand G.A., ghand@sc.edu) Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, Neurosci.,
Univ. S. Carolina, S., Columbia, SC, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.A. Hand, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina,
1300 Wheat Street, 29208, Columbia, SC, United States. Email: ghand@sc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Psychosomatic Research (2004) 57:4 (339-351). Date of
Publication: October 2004
ISSN
0022-3999
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objectives The purpose of this review article is to synthesize the current
knowledge related to depression and HIV disease. Methods The research
literature was critically evaluated for several selected therapies that are
prescribed for HIV-infected persons to treat depression. These therapies
included pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, alternative, and complementary
therapies. Results Several therapies are currently available for the
treatment of depression in HIV disease. When prescribing treatments,
clinicians should be aware of problems associated with diagnoses, drug-drug
interactions, and the benefits of some of the new therapies that are now
available. Treatment regimes should be carefully designed to meet the
individual needs of the patient and will optimally include a combination of
approaches including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, education, and/or
complementary therapies. Conclusions Although HIV is now a treatable
disease, the prevalence of depression in the HIV population remains high and
should be continually addressed. © 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, pharmacology)
androgen (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
antidepressant agent (drug combination, drug concentration, drug dose, drug
interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy)
delavirdine
desipramine (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
dexamphetamine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
efavirenz (drug interaction)
escitalopram (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug interaction, drug
therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison)
imipramine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
methylphenidate (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
mirtazapine (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
nefazodone (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug concentration,
drug dose, drug interaction)
nelfinavir (drug interaction)
paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
proteinase inhibitor
psychostimulant agent (pharmacology)
psychotropic agent
reboxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
ritonavir (drug combination, drug interaction, pharmacokinetics)
RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
sertraline (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, pharmacology)
testosterone (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug comparison, drug therapy)
venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug interaction,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
depression (drug therapy, therapy)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acne (side effect)
acupuncture
alternative medicine
androgen therapy
anorexia (side effect)
Chinese medicine
cognitive defect (side effect)
confusion (side effect)
constipation (side effect)
diagnostic accuracy
diagnostic procedure
disorientation (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
drowsiness (side effect)
drug therapy
ejaculation disorder (side effect)
electroacupuncture
exercise
fatigue (side effect)
hair loss (side effect)
headache (side effect)
highly active antiretroviral therapy
human
hypotension (side effect)
increased appetite (side effect)
insomnia (side effect)
intravenous drug abuse
irritability
major depression (drug therapy, therapy)
massage
nausea (side effect)
nervousness
neuropathic pain (drug therapy)
nonhuman
patient care
patient education
pharmaceutical care
prescription
prevalence
psychosomatic disorder
psychotherapy
review
risk factor
sedation
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
stomach disease (side effect)
sweating
tachycardia (side effect)
tension
visual impairment (side effect)
weight gain
weight reduction
xerostomia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
delavirdine (136817-59-9)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9)
efavirenz (154598-52-4)
escitalopram (128196-01-0, 219861-08-2)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
mirtazapine (61337-67-5)
nefazodone (82752-99-6, 83366-66-9)
nelfinavir (159989-64-7, 159989-65-8)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
proteinase inhibitor (37205-61-1)
reboxetine (98769-81-4, 98769-84-7, 98819-76-2)
ritonavir (155213-67-5)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
testosterone (58-22-0)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004458897
MEDLINE PMID
15518668 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15518668)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.02.019
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 789
TITLE
Opioid prescribing for chronic nonmalignant pain in primary care: challenges
and solutions.
AUTHOR NAMES
Olsen Y.
Daumit G.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Olsen Y.; Daumit G.L.) Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of
Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md. 21287,
USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Y. Olsen, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md. 21287, USA.
Email: yolsen@jhsph.edu
SOURCE
Advances in psychosomatic medicine (2004) 25 (138-150). Date of Publication:
2004
ISSN
0065-3268
ABSTRACT
Evaluating and treating patients with chronic nonmalignant pain, especially
with opioid medications, often causes discomfort on the part of primary care
physicians. A number of patient-, physician-, and system-related issues
converge to make treating chronic pain a complex matter. Patient-related
issues include an inability to define a clear anatomic cause for patients'
pain, comorbid psychiatric conditions, and past and current substance abuse.
Physicians lack training on the appropriate evaluation and treatment of
chronic nonmalignant pain, fear creating addicts, and often face intense
pharmaceutical industry pressure to prescribe medications. A paucity of
practical clinical practice guidelines, controversy over the effectiveness
of opioids on chronic nonmalignant pain, and concern about potential legal
and regulatory ramifications add to the complexity of caring for these
patients. Possible multifaceted solutions exist to minimize provider
discomfort and improve their ability to treat patients appropriately.
Examples include comprehensive, practical multidimensional guidelines on the
evaluation and treatment of chronic nonmalignant pain, Web-based
teleconferenced consultations with subspecialists, reduced pharmaceutical
pressure, enhanced continuing medical education and pregraduate training,
multispecialty coordinated care of patients with adequate reimbursement for
such care, and physician access to state-based systems to track opioid
prescriptions.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pain (drug therapy)
prescription
primary health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
chronic disease
criminal law
human
legal aspect
review
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
15248372 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15248372)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 790
TITLE
Healthy people 2010: Challenges, opportunities, and a call to action for
America's pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Calis K.A.
Hutchison L.C.
Elliott M.E.
Ives T.J.
Zillich A.J.
Poirier T.
Townsend K.A.
Woodall B.
Feldman S.
Raebel M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Calis K.A., accp@accp.com) Amer. College of Clinical Pharmacy, 3101
Broadway, Kansas City, MO 64111, United States.
(Hutchison L.C.; Elliott M.E.; Ives T.J.; Zillich A.J.; Poirier T.; Townsend
K.A.; Woodall B.; Feldman S.; Raebel M.A.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.A. Calis, Amer. College of Clinical Pharmacy, 3101 Broadway, Kansas City,
MO 64111, United States. Email: accp@accp.com
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2004) 24:9 (1241-1294). Date of Publication: 4 Sep 2004
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alteplase (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
analgesic agent (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
antiasthmatic agent (drug therapy, inhalational drug administration)
anticoagulant agent (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
antilipemic agent (drug dose, drug therapy)
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy)
beta 2 adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (drug therapy, inhalational
drug administration)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
corticosteroid (drug therapy, inhalational drug administration)
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug therapy)
fibrinolytic agent (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
immunosuppressive agent (drug therapy)
insulin (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy)
nicotine (drug therapy, transdermal drug administration)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
recombinant erythropoietin (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics)
vasodilator agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
anemia (complication, disease management, drug therapy)
arthritis (disease management, drug therapy)
asthma (drug therapy)
backache (disease management, drug therapy)
behavior modification
breast cancer (diagnosis, disease management, epidemiology)
cancer risk
cardiovascular disease (complication, disease management, drug therapy,
epidemiology, prevention)
cerebrovascular accident (complication, disease management, drug therapy,
epidemiology, prevention)
chronic kidney disease (therapy)
chronic obstructive lung disease (drug therapy)
chronic pain (disease management, drug therapy)
depression (drug therapy)
diabetes control
diabetes mellitus (disease management, drug therapy)
dialysis
drug safety
emergency treatment
family planning
graft rejection (complication, disease management, prevention)
health care access
health care personnel
health care quality
health education
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy, epidemiology,
prevention)
hyperlipidemia (drug therapy)
immunization
insulin treatment
kidney function
kidney transplantation
long term care
mental disease (drug therapy)
metered dose inhaler
nephrotoxicity (etiology, prevention)
oropharynx carcinoma (disease management)
osteoporosis (diagnosis, disease management)
patient care
patient counseling
pharmacy
preventive health service
primary medical care
prostate cancer (disease management)
respiratory tract disease (drug therapy)
review
risk assessment
skin cancer (disease management, epidemiology, prevention)
sleep disordered breathing
smoking
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (drug therapy, therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alteplase (105857-23-6)
insulin (9004-10-8)
nicotine (54-11-5)
recombinant erythropoietin (113427-24-0, 122312-54-3, 130455-76-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004365040
MEDLINE PMID
15460187 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15460187)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1592/phco.24.13.1241.38082
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 791
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone enantiomers after
coadministration with amprenavir in opioid-dependent subjects
AUTHOR NAMES
Hendrix C.W.
Wakeford J.
Wire M.B.
Lou Y.
Bigelow G.E.
Martinez E.
Christopher J.
Fuchs E.J.
Snidow J.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hendrix C.W., chendrix@jhmi.edu; Bigelow G.E.; Martinez E.; Christopher J.;
Fuchs E.J.) Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United
States.
(Wakeford J.; Wire M.B.; Lou Y.; Snidow J.W.) GlaxoSmithKline, Research
Triangle Park, NC, United States.
(Hendrix C.W., chendrix@jhmi.edu) Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine,
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Harvey 502, 600 North Wolfe Street,
Baltimore, MD 21287-5554, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.W. Hendrix, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Division of Clinical
Pharmacology, Harvey 502, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287-5554,
United States. Email: chendrix@jhmi.edu
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2004) 24:9 (1110-1121). Date of Publication: 4 Sep 2004
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Study Objective. To investigate the steady-state pharmacokinetics of
methadone enantiomers when coadministered with amprenavir. Design.
Prospective, open-label, within-subject pharmacokinetic study. Setting.
University research center. Subjects. Nineteen opioid-dependent,
methadone-maintained, healthy individuals were enrolled. Intervention. On
study day 1, subjects received their usual once-daily dose of methadone
alone. On study days 2-11, they received the same once-daily methadone dose
plus amprenavir 1200 mg twice/day Serial blood samples were collected over
24 hours on study days 1 and 11 for measurement of plasma R- and
S-methadone, and over 12 hours on day 11 for serum amprenavir
concentrations. Measurements and Main Results. Standard pharmacokinetic
parameters were determined from the concentrations and compared between the
two treatments (methadone alone vs methadone with amprenavir). Subjects
served as their own control for methadone comparisons, and amprenavir
comparisons were made by using a historic control group (38 healthy men).
Opioid-effect measures were assessed throughout the study. Coadministration
of amprenavir with methadone resulted in a 3-4-hour delay in plasma R- and
S-methadone enantiomer peak concentrations at steady state (C(max-ss)) The
active R-methadone enantiomer area under the plasma concentration-time curve
during a dosing interval (AUC(T-SS)), C(max.ss), and the minimum plasma
concentration at steady state (C(min-ss)) were decreased by 13%, 25%, and
21%, respectively, after coadministration of methadone and amprenavir. The
inactive S-enantiomer AUC(T-SS), C(max-ss), and C (min-ss) were decreased by
40%, 48%, and 52%, respectively. No clinically significant changes were
noted in opioid pharmacodynamic effects, and there was no evidence of opioid
withdrawal. No methadone dosage was changed in any subject. Conclusion. No a
priori adjustment in methadone dosage is required during coadministration
with amprenavir as there is only a small effect on R-methadone exposure and
no evidence of opioid withdrawal.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amprenavir (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug combination,
drug concentration, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug analysis, drug
combination, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antibiotic agent (drug interaction)
antifungal agent (drug interaction)
antiretrovirus agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug
combination, drug concentration, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics)
clindamycin
delavirdine (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
docusate sodium
fleet enema
ibuprofen
indinavir (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
ketoconazole (drug interaction)
leuprorelin
levonorgestrel
lopinavir (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
nelfinavir (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
orosomucoid (endogenous compound)
paracetamol
proteinase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug
combination, drug concentration, drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug
administration, pharmacokinetics)
rifabutin (drug interaction)
ritonavir (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
saquinavir (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics)
tuberculostatic agent (drug interaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
methadone treatment
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
area under the curve
article
clinical article
controlled study
drug dependence (drug therapy)
drug dependence treatment
drug efficacy
drug metabolism
drug protein binding
drug safety
enantiomer
female
high performance liquid chromatography
highly active antiretroviral therapy
human
male
pharmacodynamics
side effect (side effect)
tandem mass spectrometry
DRUG TRADE NAMES
agenerase , United StatesGlaxo SmithKline
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Fleet
(United States)Glaxo SmithKline
(United States)Roxane
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amprenavir (161814-49-9)
clindamycin (18323-44-9)
delavirdine (136817-59-9)
docusate sodium (577-11-7)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
indinavir (150378-17-9, 157810-81-6, 180683-37-8)
ketoconazole (65277-42-1)
leuprorelin (53714-56-0, 74381-53-6)
levonorgestrel (797-63-7)
lopinavir (192725-17-0)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
nelfinavir (159989-64-7, 159989-65-8)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
orosomucoid (79921-18-9)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
proteinase inhibitor (37205-61-1)
rifabutin (72559-06-9)
ritonavir (155213-67-5)
saquinavir (127779-20-8, 149845-06-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004365025
MEDLINE PMID
15460171 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15460171)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1592/phco.24.13.1110.38091
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 792
TITLE
Homer proteins regulate sensitivity to cocaine
AUTHOR NAMES
Szumlinski K.K.
Dehoff M.H.
Kang S.H.
Frys K.A.
Lominac K.D.
Klugmann M.
Rohrer J.
Griffin III W.
Toda S.
Champtiaux N.P.
Berry T.
Tu J.C.
Shealy S.E.
During M.J.
Middaugh L.D.
Worley P.F.
Kalivas P.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Szumlinski K.K., szumlink@musc.edu; Frys K.A.; Lominac K.D.; Rohrer J.;
Griffin III W.; Toda S.; Champtiaux N.P.; Berry T.; Shealy S.E.; Middaugh
L.D.; Kalivas P.W.) Dept. of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University
of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
(Dehoff M.H.; Kang S.H.; Tu J.C.; Worley P.F.) Department of Neuroscience,
The Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Med., Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Klugmann M.; During M.J.) Dept. of Molec. Med. and Pathology, University of
Auckland 1020, Auckland, New Zealand.
(Griffin III W.; Middaugh L.D.) Department of Psychiatry, Center for Drug
and Alcohol Programs, Med. Univ. of South Carolina, 29425, Charleston, SC,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.K. Szumlinski, Dept. of Physiology and Neuroscience, Medical University of
South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States. Email: szumlink@musc.edu
SOURCE
Neuron (2004) 43:3 (401-413). Date of Publication: 5 Aug 2004
ISSN
0896-6273
BOOK PUBLISHER
Cell Press, 1100 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, United States.
ABSTRACT
Drug addiction involves complex interactions between pharmacology and
learning in genetically susceptible individuals. Members of the Homer gene
family are regulated by acute and chronic cocaine administration. Here, we
report that deletion of Homer1 or Homer2 in mice caused the same increase in
sensitivity to cocaine-induced locomotion, conditioned reward, and augmented
extracellular glutamate in nucleus accumbens as that elicited by withdrawal
from repeated cocaine administration. Moreover, adeno-associated
virus-mediated restoration of Homer2 in the accumbens of Homer2 KO mice
reversed the cocaine-sensitized phenotype. Further analysis of Homer2 KO
mice revealed extensive additional behavioral and neurochemical similarities
to cocaine-sensitized animals, including accelerated acquisition of cocaine
self-administration and altered regulation of glutamate by metabotropic
glutamate receptors and cystine/glutamate exchange. These data show that
Homer deletion mimics the behavioral and neurochemical phenotype produced by
repeated cocaine administration and implicate Homer in regulating addiction
to cocaine.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cystine (endogenous compound)
glutamic acid (endogenous compound)
metabotropic receptor (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
neurochemistry
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acceleration
addiction
Adenoviridae
animal experiment
article
behavior
conditioning
controlled study
drug sensitivity
expression vector
extracellular matrix
gene
gene control
genetic analysis
homer1 gene
homer2 gene
knockout mouse
locomotion
molecular mechanics
nonhuman
nucleus accumbens
phenotype
priority journal
reward
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
cystine (24645-67-8, 56-89-3, 6020-39-9)
glutamic acid (11070-68-1, 138-15-8, 56-86-0, 6899-05-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Human Genetics (22)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004343208
MEDLINE PMID
15294147 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15294147)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.07.019
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 793
TITLE
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the substance use disorders:
The nature of the relationship, who is at risk, and treatment issues
AUTHOR NAMES
Wilens T.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wilens T.E., TWilens@partners.org) Department of Psychiatry, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
(Wilens T.E., TWilens@partners.org) Substance Abuse Services, Pediat.
Psychopharmacology Res. Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,
United States.
(Wilens T.E., TWilens@partners.org) Pediat. Psychopharmacology Res. Unit,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman St,
Boston, MA 02114, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.E. Wilens, Pediat. Psychopharmacology Res. Unit, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 15 Parkman St, Boston, MA 02114, United
States. Email: TWilens@partners.org
SOURCE
Primary Psychiatry (2004) 11:7 (63-70). Date of Publication: July 2004
ISSN
1082-6319
BOOK PUBLISHER
MBL Communications, 333 Hudson St. 7th Floor, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
There is much interest in the overlap between attention-deficit/
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use disorders (SUD). Various
studies have shown that ADHD is a risk factor for the development of SUD in
adulthood and that approximately one fifth of adults with SUD have ADHD. The
reason for this association is unclear. One suggestion is that stimulant
therapy for ADHD may at least contribute to the increased risk of SUD in
individuals with ADHD. This belief has, however, been disproved in a
meta-analysis of five prospective longitudinal studies and one retrospective
study of subjects with ADHD, which found that the risk of SUD was
significantly reduced in subjects receiving stimulant therapy compared to
unmedicated subjects. Management of adults with ADHD and comorbid SUD should
be multimodal, involving education, psychosocial therapy, and
pharmacotherapy. While education and psychosocial therapy can reduce craving
and help patients live with the symptoms of ADHD, pharmacotherapy is
required to bring the core symptoms of ADHD under control. The use of
long-acting stimulants, such as OROS methylphenidate (MPH), is particularly
appropriate in such patients since their long duration of action means that
medication can be kept at home, thus reducing opportunities for diversion.
In addition, attempts at intranasal abuse of OROS MPH have been reported to
fail, suggesting that the formulation of MPH in the tablet is not accessible
for abuse. Nonstimulants, such as bupropion, venlafaxine, and atomoxetine,
are alternative anti-ADHD therapies for patients who do not respond to
stimulants; they may also reduce craving.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methylphenidate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug dose, drug
therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug toxicity)
amfebutamone (drug therapy)
atomoxetine (drug therapy)
cocaine (drug toxicity)
long acting drug (adverse drug reaction, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
oros mph
tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
venlafaxine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attention deficit disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology)
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
disease association
dissociative disorder
drug dependence (side effect)
education
euphoria
human
longitudinal study
major clinical study
meta analysis
prospective study
retrospective study
review
risk assessment
risk factor
social psychology
systematic review
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy, side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
oros mph
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
atomoxetine (82248-59-7, 82857-39-4, 82857-40-7, 83015-26-3)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004330553
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 794
TITLE
Trends in child and teen nonprescription drug abuse reported to a regional
poison control center
AUTHOR NAMES
Crouch B.I.
Caravati E.M.
Booth J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Crouch B.I., barbara.crouch@hsc.utah.edu) Utah Poison Control Center
(UPCC), University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
(Crouch B.I., barbara.crouch@hsc.utah.edu) College of Pharmacy, University
of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
(Caravati E.M.) UPCC, College of Pharmacy, UU, .
(Caravati E.M.) School of Medicine, UU, .
(Booth J.) Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, United States.
(Crouch B.I., barbara.crouch@hsc.utah.edu) Utah Poison Control Center, 585
Komas Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.I. Crouch, Utah Poison Control Center, 585 Komas Drive, Salt Lake City, UT
84108, United States. Email: barbara.crouch@hsc.utah.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2004) 61:12 (1252-1257). Date of
Publication: 15 Jun 2004
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Purpose. Trends in child and teen nonprescription drug abuse reported to a
regional poison control center over a 10-year period were examined. Methods.
Human exposures to toxic substances reported to the Utah Poison Control
Center between January 1990 and December 1999 were reviewed. Cases were
selected for analysis if the exposure involved a nonprescription drug, the
patient was 6-19 years old, and the reason for exposure was intentional
abuse. Frequencies and cross-tabulations were calculated to identify trends
in nonprescription drug abuse. Results. There were 2214 reports of
intentional drug abuse among children and teenagers 6-19 years old. Of
those, 844 (38.1%) involved nonprescription drugs. The percentage of
exposures involving nonprescription products varied every year and declined
over time. Exposures were slightly more common in males (51.7%). The site of
exposure was a residence in 65% of cases and a school in 10% of cases. The
majority of patients with exposures (68.4%) were treated in a health care
facility. The most common types of nonprescription medications abused were
drugs with anticholinergic properties, caffeine, dextromethorphan, and
nonprescription stimulants. Conclusion. Reports of the intentional abuse of
nonprescription drugs by children and teenagers were common at a regional
poison control center. There was significant variation in the type of
nonprescription medication most commonly abused. The knowledge of these
trends may assist public health policymakers, physicians, pharmacists, and
child educators in their attempts to curb nonprescription drug abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesic agent
caffeine
central stimulant agent
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
dextromethorphan
non prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antihistaminic agent
ephedrine
gastrointestinal agent
phenylpropanolamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
analgesic agent abuse
child
drug dependence treatment
health care facility
human
poison center
priority journal
review
sex difference
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
caffeine (58-08-2)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
ephedrine (299-42-3, 50-98-6)
phenylpropanolamine (14838-15-4, 154-41-6, 4345-16-8, 48115-38-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004483703
MEDLINE PMID
15259755 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15259755)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 795
TITLE
Physicians' acceptance of pharmacy residents' recommendations on drug
therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Allenet B.
Bedouch P.
Brudieu E.
Chen C.
Chevrot D.
Tessier A.
Trivin C.
Rousseau A.
Colle E.
Calop J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Allenet B., ballenet@chu-grenoble.fr; Bedouch P.; Brudieu E.; Chen C.;
Chevrot D.; Tessier A.; Trivin C.; Calop J.) Pharmacy Department, Grenoble
University Hospital, Grenoble, France.
(Rousseau A.; Colle E.) Language Department, Medicine/Pharmacy School of
Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Allenet, Pharmacy Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble,
France. Email: ballenet@chu-grenoble.fr
SOURCE
Pharmacy Education (2004) 4:2 (63-67). Date of Publication: Jun 2004
ISSN
1560-2214
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a training program
delivered to pharmacy residents. During their clinical pharmacy training
program, the residents have to learn more about how to deal with drug
related problems, develop clinically relevant recommendations, and develop
communication skills to make therapeutic recommendations acceptable for the
prescriber. Six pharmacy residents, working in different clinical wards,
collected data during six consecutive weeks every time they gave a
recommendation to a prescribing physician. The main issue was the
prescribers' level of acceptance of pharmacy residents' recommendations. The
items taken into account were the type of recommendation, the physician's
status and the mode of interaction between pharmacy residents and
prescribers. Two hundred and twenty one interventions were collected. The
major recommendations were changing drug regimen (39%) and enhancing
monitoring (31%). The rate of prescribers' acceptance of recommendations
made by pharmacy residents was 47% (higher for senior prescribers (59%) than
junior prescribers (41%)). Oral recommendations of around 80% were accepted.
© 2004 Taylor & Francis Ltd.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
physician attitude
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug dose regimen
drug monitoring
drug therapy
education program
human
interpersonal communication
learning
priority journal
skill
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004438295
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15602210410001724112
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 796
TITLE
Substance use by pharmacy and nursing practitioners and students in a
northeastern state
AUTHOR NAMES
Kenna G.A.
Wood M.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Dept. of Psychiat. and Hum. Behavior,
Brown University Medical School, Providence, RI, United States.
(Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Kent County Memorial Hospital, Warwick,
RI, United States.
(Wood M.D.) Department of Psychology, Cancer Prevention Research Center,
University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States.
(Kenna G.A., george_kenna@brown.edu) Roger Williams Medical Center,
457-West, 825 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI 02908, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.A. Kenna, Roger Williams Medical Center, 457-West, 825 Chalkstone Avenue,
Providence, RI 02908, United States. Email: george_kenna@brown.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2004) 61:9 (921-930). Date of
Publication: 1 May 2004
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Purpose. The prevalence and predictors of substance use among pharmacists
and nurses and pharmacy and nursing students were studied. Methods. During
summer 2002, pharmacists and nurses in a northeastern state were mailed an
anonymous survey to determine their use of alcohol, tobacco, and commonly
abused drugs; to determine their ease of access to controlled substances;
and to measure their family history of alcohol and drug problems. A similar
but not identical survey was distributed to pharmacy and nursing students
during spring 2000. Results. A total of 262 usable questionnaires were
received from pharmacists and nurses (response rate, 72.8%), and 138 usable
questionnaires were received from students (35.3%). Large majorities of
nursing students, pharmacy students, and nurses were women. A higher
percentage of pharmacists reported having used an opioid or an anxiolytic at
least once in their lives (24.8% and 14.3%, respectively) than nurses (14.5%
and 7.8%). Higher percentages of nursing students and nurses reported having
ever used an unprescribed drug (74.5% of nursing students and 63.6% of
nurses). Conclusion. A survey of pharmacy and nursing practitioners and
students in a north-eastern state provided important information on alcohol,
tobacco, and illicit drug use among these groups and highlighted the need
for prevention and intervention.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anxiolytic agent
cannabis
central stimulant agent
cocaine
hypnotic sedative agent
muscle relaxant agent
opiate
psychedelic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol consumption
alcoholism
article
controlled study
demography
drug abuse
drug dependence
family history
female
human
human experiment
male
medical personnel
normal human
nurse
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
prevalence
priority journal
questionnaire
smoking
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004483751
MEDLINE PMID
15156968 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15156968)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 797
TITLE
Anxiety disorders: Guidelines for effective primary care therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Wise T.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wise T.N.) Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Wise T.N.) Department of Behavioral Sciences, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls
Church, VA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.N. Wise, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD, United States.
SOURCE
Drug Benefit Trends (2004) 16:SUPPL. A (20-26). Date of Publication: May
2004
ISSN
1080-5826
ABSTRACT
Millions of Americans have anxiety disorders. Many with panic disorder,
social anxiety disorder, and/or generalized anxiety disorder present
initially to their primary care clinician. Effective treatment is possible
in a busy primary care setting; therapy involves patient education and
pharmacotherapy. Once other potential causes of symptoms of an anxiety
disorder have been ruled out, the patient can be reassured that he or she
has a psychological condition-a very common one-and that symptoms are not
the result of an undiagnosed disease or "going crazy" or "losing control."
Complete clinical remission is achievable, often with medication alone.
Referral to a psychiatrist for psychotherapy may be indicated when a patient
refuses or cannot tolerate drug therapy or when response to therapy is
inadequate.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination,
drug dose, drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmaceutics)
buspirone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
citalopram (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
clonazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
noradrenalin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmaceutics)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
therapy)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety disorder (diagnosis, disease management, drug therapy, epidemiology,
therapy)
primary medical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
affect
asthenia (side effect)
clinical trial
daily life activity
dizziness (side effect)
dose response
drowsiness (side effect)
drug abuse
drug effect
drug formulation
drug indication
drug tolerability
drug withdrawal
excitement
extrapyramidal symptom (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
flu like syndrome (side effect)
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
generalized anxiety disorder
habituation
headache (side effect)
health education
human
hypertension (side effect)
insomnia (side effect)
libido disorder (side effect)
motor coordination
motor dysfunction (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
nervousness
orgasm disorder (side effect)
panic
paresthesia (side effect)
patient compliance
patient education
patient referral
psychopharmacotherapy
psychotherapy
quality of life
remission
review
sedation
sensorimotor function
sensory dysfunction (side effect)
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
social phobia
somnolence (side effect)
task performance
weight gain
weight reduction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004235289
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 798
TITLE
Deletion of guanine nucleotide binding protein α(z) subunit in mice induces
a gene dose dependent tolerance to morphine
AUTHOR NAMES
Leck K.J.
Bartlett S.E.
Smith M.T.
Megirian D.
Holgate J.
Powell K.L.
Matthaei K.I.
Hendry I.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Leck K.J.; Bartlett S.E.; Megirian D.; Holgate J.; Powell K.L.; Hendry
I.A., ian.hendry@anu.edu.au) Division of Neuroscience, John Curtin Sch. of
Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200,
Australia.
(Bartlett S.E.) Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of
Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
(Smith M.T.) School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
4072, Australia.
(Matthaei K.I.) Division of Molecular Biosciences, John Curtin Sch. of
Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200,
Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I.A. Hendry, Division of Neuroscience, John Curtin Sch. of Medical Research,
Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Email:
ian.hendry@anu.edu.au
SOURCE
Neuropharmacology (2004) 46:6 (836-846). Date of Publication: May 2004
ISSN
0028-3908
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The mechanism underlying the development of tolerance to morphine is still
incompletely understood. Morphine binds to opioid receptors, which in turn
activates downstream second messenger cascades through heterotrimeric
guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). In this paper, we show
that G (z), a member of the inhibitory G protein family, plays an important
role in mediating the analgesic and lethality effects of morphine after
tolerance development. We blocked signaling through the G(z) second
messenger cascade by genetic ablation of the alpha subunit of the G protein
in mice. The Gα(z) knockout mouse develops significantly increased tolerance
to morphine, which depends on Gα(z) gene dosage. Further experiments
demonstrate that the enhanced morphine tolerance is not caused by
pharmacokinetic and behavioural learning mechanisms. The results suggest
that G(z) signaling pathways are involved in transducing the analgesic and
lethality effects of morphine following chronic morphine treatment. © 2004
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
guanine nucleotide binding protein (endogenous compound)
morphine (drug toxicity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
protein subunit (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alpha chain
gene dosage
morphine tolerance
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesic activity
animal experiment
animal tissue
article
behavior
controlled study
drug dependence
drug tolerance
female
gene deletion
knockout mouse
lethality
male
mouse
nonhuman
priority journal
second messenger
signal transduction
wild type
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Australia)Bull
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Human Genetics (22)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004131240
MEDLINE PMID
15033343 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15033343)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2003.11.024
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 799
TITLE
Campaigning to improve men's health
AUTHOR NAMES
Bellingham C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bellingham C.)
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2004) 272:7296 (502). Date of Publication: 24 Apr
2004
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
health service
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
awareness
blood pressure measurement
confidentiality
consultation
coping behavior
cultural factor
health care access
health education
health hazard
human
information dissemination
life expectancy
male
masculinity
medical information system
note
pharmacist
privacy
prostate cancer
social class
testis cancer
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Urology and Nephrology (28)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004196312
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 800
TITLE
Substances of abuse - Demand for their determinations in the Western Cape
AUTHOR NAMES
van der Bijl P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(van der Bijl P.) Department of Pharmacology, University of Stellenbosch,
Tygerberg, South Africa.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. van der Bijl, Department of Pharmacology, University of Stellenbosch,
Tygerberg, South Africa.
SOURCE
South African Journal of Psychiatry (2004) 10:1 (13-16). Date of
Publication: Apr 2004
ISSN
1608-9685
ABSTRACT
Background. Drug abuse is as relevant today as ever Management of such cases
on a primary health care level may be challenging, particularly when
laboratory facilities are unavailable. Futhermore, substance abuse and its
sequelae place a significant burden on the already overstretched primary
health care resources in the country, as well as on other services and
society in general. Objectives. The current study surveyed the trends in
demand for laboratory determination of amphetamines, opiates, methaqualone,
cannabis, cocaine and ethanol for the period 1991 - 2002, in the Western
Cape. The survey was conducted by extracting the relevant data from the
record of the Pharmacology/Toxicology Laboratory of the University of
Stellenbosch and Tygerberg Academic Hospital. This facility processes the
largest number of specimens by a single laboratory in the Western Cape.
Results. From the data obtained a seasonal pattern emerged for all
substances except ethanol, with a trough appearing in early winter. Demand
for ethanol analysis was fairly constant thoughout the year, with a peak in
the last quarter. Ethanol level was the most frequently requested analysis
between 1991 and 1997. This concurs with its status as the main substance
and abuse in South Africa and the rest of the world. There was an increased
demand for analysis of amphetamines, opiates, methaqualone, cannabis and
cocaine between 1991 and 2002, Generally dominating, next to ethanol, were
requests for cannabis and methaqualone analysis. Interesting to note was the
increase in demand for opiate analysis, following the trend observed in
certain other regions of the world. Conclusion. The analysis trends observed
in this study demonstrate global patterns of drug abuse emerging in the
Western Cape. The medical and social effects of drug abuse impose a grave
responsibility on policymakers to ensure that adequate funding is available
for analytical laboratories. Only in such a was can these patients be
correctly diagnosed and treated.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol (drug toxicity)
amphetamine (drug toxicity)
cannabis (drug toxicity)
methaqualone (drug toxicity)
opiate (drug toxicity)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence (diagnosis)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (diagnosis)
article
blood analysis
cannabis addiction (diagnosis)
diagnostic accuracy
drug dependence treatment
enzyme immunoassay
health care availability
health care facility
health care financing
health care policy
human
laboratory test
medical record
opiate addiction (diagnosis)
primary health care
responsibility
seasonal variation
social aspect
South Africa
substance abuse
university hospital
urinalysis
winter
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
methaqualone (340-56-7, 72-44-6, 8056-67-5)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004245592
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 801
TITLE
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: Assessment,
management, and outcome
AUTHOR NAMES
Weston C.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Weston C.G.) Department of Psychiatry, Wright State Univ. School Medicine,
Dayton, OH, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.G. Weston, Department of Psychiatry, Wright State Univ. School Medicine,
Dayton, OH, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management (2004) 11:4 (241-251). Date of
Publication: April 2004
ISSN
1079-6533
BOOK PUBLISHER
Turner White Communications Inc., 125 Strafford Avenue, Suite 220, Wayne,
United States.
ABSTRACT
• Objective: To review the diagnosis and treatment of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. • Methods:
Qualitative assessment of the literature. • Results: ADHD in children is
characterized by difficulty with attention to complex tasks, hyperactivity,
and impulsivity. These symptoms result in impaired academic, occupational,
and social functioning. Information from the child's school is required to
make the diagnosis. Treatment modalities include patient and family
education, pharmacologic therapy, and behavioral therapy. • Conclusion: It
is important for primary care physicians to identify patients with ADHD and
ensure that they receive effective treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
amphetamine
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
atomoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug dose, drug
therapy, pharmacology)
central stimulant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
desipramine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
dexamphetamine (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
dexmethylphenidate (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
imipramine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
methylphenidate
methylphenidate (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
noradrenalin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
nortriptyline (drug comparison, drug therapy)
pemoline (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
pemoline magnesium
placebo
tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug
therapy, pharmacology)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attention deficit disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abdominal pain (side effect)
academic achievement
anorexia (side effect)
attention
behavior therapy
case report
clinical feature
clinical trial
depression (side effect)
diagnostic procedure
disease exacerbation (side effect)
drug fatality (side effect)
family therapy
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
growth inhibition
headache (side effect)
human
hyperactivity
hypertension (side effect)
impulsiveness
insomnia (side effect)
job performance
liver failure (side effect)
male
medical literature
mental instability (side effect)
nervousness
patient education
physician
primary medical care
psychopharmacotherapy
qualitative analysis
review
school
school child
sedation
side effect (side effect)
social interaction
spansule
substance abuse
suicide (side effect)
symptomatology
task performance
tic (side effect)
treatment outcome
weight reduction
DRUG TRADE NAMES
adderall xr
adderall
concerta
cylert
dexedrine
dextrostat
focalin
metadate cd
metadate er
methylin er
methylin
ritalin la
ritalin sr
ritalin
spansule
strattera
wellbutrin sr
wellbutrin xl
wellbutrin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
atomoxetine (82248-59-7, 82857-39-4, 82857-40-7, 83015-26-3)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9)
dexmethylphenidate (19262-68-1)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3)
pemoline (2152-34-3)
pemoline magnesium (18968-99-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004245224
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 802
TITLE
Anxiety disorders: Guidelines for effective primary care therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Wise T.N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wise T.N.) Johns Hopkins University, .
(Wise T.N.) Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University, School of
Medicine, Baltimore.
(Wise T.N.) Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.N. Wise, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, United States.
SOURCE
Consultant (2004) 44:3 (409-414). Date of Publication: Mar 2004
ISSN
0010-7069
ABSTRACT
Millions of American suffer from anxiety disorders. Many with panic
disorder, social anxiety disorder and/or generalized enxiety disorder
present initially to their primary care clinician. Effective treatment is
possible in a busy primary care setting; therapy involves patient education
and pharmacotherapy. Once other potential causes of symptoms of an anxiety
disorder have been ruled out, the first step is to reassure the patient that
he or she has a psychological condition - a very common one - and that
symptoms are not the result of on undiagnosed desease or "going crazy" or
"losing control." Educate and inform patients that complete clinical
remission is achievable, often with medication alone. Begin treatment on day
1 with a long-acting benzodiazepine - such as alprazolam XR or donazepam -
or will the anxiolytic agent buspirone; at the same time, start a selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The anxiolytic agent allays acute
somatic symptoms until the full effects of the SSRI are manifest (often 4 to
6 weeks). The anxiolytic can then be gradaully tapered. Referral to a
psychiatrist for psychotherapy may be indicated when a patient refuses or
cannot tolerate drug therapy, or when response to therapy is inadequate.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug concentration,
drug dose, drug therapy)
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose,
drug therapy, pharmacology)
anxiolytic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug
therapy)
buspirone (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug therapy)
clonazepam (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug concentration,
drug dose, drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
citalopram (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
paroxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
sertraline (adverse drug reaction, drug development, drug therapy)
venlafaxine (adverse drug reaction, drug development, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
generalized anxiety disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
panic (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
primary medical care
social phobia (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
add on therapy
adult
alcoholism (etiology)
article
asthenia (side effect)
ataxia (side effect)
case report
clinical feature
cognitive defect (side effect)
comorbidity
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
diarrhea (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
drug efficacy
drug indication
drug tolerance
extrapyramidal syndrome (side effect)
fatigue (side effect)
female
flu like syndrome (side effect)
habituation
headache (side effect)
heartburn (side effect)
human
insomnia (side effect)
libido disorder (side effect)
male
monotherapy
motor dysfunction (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
occupational disease
orgasm disorder (side effect)
paresthesia (side effect)
patient attitude
patient compliance
patient education
patient referral
physical activity
practice guideline
priority journal
psychotherapy
remission
sedation
sensorimotor neuropathy (side effect)
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
side effect (side effect)
social disability
somnolence (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004495970
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 803
TITLE
A comparison of health professions student attitudes regarding tobacco
curricula and interventionist roles.
AUTHOR NAMES
Fried J.L.
Reid B.C.
DeVore L.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fried J.L.; Reid B.C.; DeVore L.E.) Dental Hygiene Program, Department of
Health Promotion and Policy, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland,
Baltimore 21201, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.L. Fried, Dental Hygiene Program, Department of Health Promotion and
Policy, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21201, USA.
Email: jlf001@dental.umaryland.edu
SOURCE
Journal of dental education (2004) 68:3 (370-377). Date of Publication: Mar
2004
ISSN
0022-0337
ABSTRACT
Health care providers who feel prepared are more apt to assume tobacco
interventionist roles; therefore, educational preparation is critical. A
nonprobability sample of health professions students at an urban academic
health center were asked to respond to a twenty-two-item survey eliciting
demographic, behavioral, and tobacco-related attitudinal information.
Frequency distributions were assessed with Pearson chi-square statistics.
The overall response rate was 76.7 percent, and final sample size was 319.
Current use of spit tobacco (ST) was 2.5 percent and current smoking 5.6
percent. In comparing current smokers to nonsmokers and current ST users to
nonusers, we found that no differences in proportion agreeing with any of
the five questions about attitudes and opinions were statistically
significant at p-value 0.05. At least 70 percent of students from each of
six health professions programs agreed it was their professional
responsibility to help smokers quit, and at least 65 percent agreed to the
same responsibility for helping ST users quit. The proportion agreeing that
their programs had course content describing their role in helping patients
quit tobacco use varied widely by program from 100 percent agreement among
dental hygiene and pharmacy students to 14.6 percent of physical therapy
students (p-value <0.001). When asked whether their program adequately
prepared them to help smokers quit, agreement ranged from 100 percent among
dental hygiene students to only 5.5 percent among physical therapy students
(p-value <0.001). Almost 90 percent of dental hygiene students agreed that
they were adequately trained to help ST users quit, but no other program had
a percentage of agreement above 34 percent (p-value <0.001). Consistent and
comprehensive multidisciplinary tobacco-related curricula could offer
desirable standardization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
health personnel attitude
professional standard
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (prevention)
vocational education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
attitude to health
comparative study
dental assistant
dental student
education
female
human
male
medical ethics
medical student
methodology
nursing student
patient education
pharmacy student
physiotherapy
smoking (epidemiology)
statistics
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
15038638 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15038638)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 804
TITLE
Exploring the context of drug use: A problem-based learning course in
pharmacoepidemiology for undergraduate science students
AUTHOR NAMES
Rangachari P.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rangachari P.K., chari@mcmaster.ca) Intestinal Dis. Research Programme,
McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont. L8 N 3Z5, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.K. Rangachari, Intestinal Dis. Research Programme, McMaster University,
1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont. L8 N 3Z5, Canada. Email:
chari@mcmaster.ca
SOURCE
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (2004) 369:2 (184-191). Date
of Publication: February 2004
ISSN
0028-1298
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
The teaching of pharmacoepidemiology has been largely confined to health
care professionals and graduate students. This paper reports an attempt to
use problem-based learning (PBL) to teach the elements of that discipline to
undergraduate science students. Carefully sequenced problems led students to
consider the following issues: the terms used in epidemiology, merits and
demerits of different epidemiological study designs, pharmacovigilance, the
nature of evidence in law and science, economic evaluation of drugs and the
use of drugs in different cultures. The 12-week course was taken by students
in their final term prior to graduation. Multiple evaluation procedures were
used: specific forms for assessing tutorial participation, individual
explorations assessed usually by written essays and problem-solving
exercises. The course has received high ratings from the students. The
observations over a 10-year period suggest that PBL is a feasible approach
to teach the social dimensions of drug use.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
learning
medical student
pharmacoepidemiology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug surveillance program
evaluation study
examination
human
law
science
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004101322
MEDLINE PMID
14722623 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722623)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-003-0845-x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 805
TITLE
Impact of pharmacist-conducted home visits on the outcomes of lipid-lowering
drug therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Peterson G.M.
Fitzmaurice K.D.
Naunton M.
Vial J.H.
Stewart K.
Krum H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Peterson G.M., g.peterson@utas.edu.au; Fitzmaurice K.D.; Naunton M.; Vial
J.H.) Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart,
Tasmania, Australia.
(Stewart K.) Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, Melbourne,
Vic., Australia.
(Krum H.) Dept. of Epidemiol. and Prev. Med., Monash University, Prahran,
Vic., Australia.
(Peterson G.M., g.peterson@utas.edu.au) Tasmanian School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Health Science, University of Tasmania, PO Box 252-26, Hobart,
Tasmania, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.M. Peterson, Tasmanian School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science,
University of Tasmania, PO Box 252-26, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. Email:
g.peterson@utas.edu.au
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (2004) 29:1 (23-30). Date of
Publication: February 2004
ISSN
0269-4727
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate a pharmacist-conducted educational and monitoring
programme, designed to promote dietary and lifestyle modification and
compliance with lipid-lowering drug therapy, for patients with
dyslipidaemia. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled
study. The participants were 94 adults, with 81 completing the study
(intervention group: 39; control group: 42), with a cardiovascular-related
diagnosis and discharged from hospital, between April and October 2001, on
lipid-lowering drug therapy. Patients in the intervention group were visited
at home monthly by a pharmacist, who educated the patients on the goals of
lipid-lowering treatment and the importance of lifestyle issues in
dyslipidaemia and compliance with therapy, assessed patients for
drug-related problems, and measured total blood cholesterol levels using
point-of-care testing. Patients in the control group received standard
medical care. The main outcome measure was total blood cholesterol levels
after 6 months, and an evaluation of patient and general practitioner
satisfaction with the programme. Results: There was no significant
difference in baseline total blood cholesterol levels between the two
groups. The reduction over the course of the study in cholesterol levels
within the intervention group was statistically significant (4-9 ± 0.7 to
4.4 ± 0.6, P < 0.005), whereas there was no change within the control group
(P = 0.26). At follow-up, 44% of the intervention group patients and 24% of
the control group patients had cholesterol levels below 4.0 mmol/L (P =
0.06). The reduction in total cholesterol in the intervention group should
translate to an expected 21% reduction in cardiovascular mortality risk and
a 16% reduction in total mortality risk - more than twice the risk reduction
achieved in the control group. In addition, the programme was very well
received by the patients and their general practitioners, by satisfaction
questionnaire. Conclusion: A pharmacist-conducted educational and monitoring
intervention improved the outcomes of lipid-lowering drug therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antilipemic agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cholesterol (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
dyslipidemia (diagnosis, drug therapy)
pharmacist
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
cardiovascular risk
cardiovascular symptom
cholesterol blood level
clinical article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
evaluation study
female
follow up
general practitioner
health program
health promotion
human
lifestyle
male
medical care
mortality
patient compliance
patient education
patient monitoring
patient satisfaction
questionnaire
randomized controlled trial
reduction
statistical analysis
treatment outcome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cholesterol (57-88-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004095652
MEDLINE PMID
14748894 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14748894)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2003.00532.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 806
TITLE
Use and abuse of opioid analgesics: Potential methods to prevent and deter
non-medical consumption of prescription opioids
AUTHOR NAMES
Woolf C.J.
Hashmi M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Woolf C.J., cwoolf@partners.org; Hashmi M.) Neural Plasticity Research
Group, Dept. of Anesthesia/Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital,
149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.J. Woolf, Neural Plasticity Research Group, Dept. of Anesthesia/Critical
Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA
02129, United States. Email: cwoolf@partners.org
SOURCE
Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs (2004) 5:1 (61-66). Date of
Publication: January 2004
ISSN
1472-4472
BOOK PUBLISHER
Thomson Scientific Ltd., 14 Great Queen Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Medicinal opiates can produce both analgesia and euphoria. The mood altering
action of this class of drugs has led to their abuse (non-medical use), a
problem compounded by their physical dependence and addictive qualities. The
legitimate expansion of clinical opioid analgesic use for severe chronic
non-malignant pain, together with the introduction of high-dose
extended-release (modified-release) oral tablet formulations of opioids with
good bioavailability, has created increased opportunities for the illicit
use of these prescribed drugs. Such use is now a major societal problem,
with an incidence that appears to exceed the use of street narcotics such as
heroin in the US. This review highlights the extent of the illicit use of
prescribed opiate analgesics and some of the steps, legal, educational and
pharmaceutical, that can be taken to potentially reduce the risk of their
misuse or diversion for abuse. © Thomson Scientific.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug
concentration, drug interaction, drug therapy, drug toxicity, inhalational
drug administration, intranasal drug administration, intravenous drug
administration, oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration,
pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (drug toxicity)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug toxicity)
buprenorphine (drug therapy, pharmacology, transdermal drug administration)
butorphanol (drug therapy, pharmacology)
capsaicin
cocaine
codeine
delta opiate receptor agonist (pharmacology)
diamorphine
fentanyl (drug combination, drug therapy)
hydromorphone (drug combination, drug concentration, drug therapy)
irritant agent
kappa opiate receptor agonist (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
methadone (drug combination, drug therapy)
morphine (drug combination, drug therapy)
morphine sulfate (drug concentration, drug therapy)
mu opiate receptor (endogenous compound)
mu opiate receptor agonist (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
naloxone (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
naltrexone (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, drug toxicity, inhalational drug
administration, intranasal drug administration, intravenous drug
administration, oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration,
pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
oxymorphone (drug combination, drug therapy)
pethidine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction (drug therapy, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
analgesic agent abuse
chronic pain (drug therapy)
clinical trial
cognitive defect (side effect)
constipation (side effect)
disease severity
diuresis
drug absorption
drug bioavailability
drug blood level
drug classification
drug efficacy
drug mechanism
drug megadose
drug metabolism
drug misuse (prevention)
drug release
drug surveillance program
drug use
dysphoria (side effect)
euphoria
food and drug administration
health education
human
incidence
legal aspect
methodology
mood
nausea (side effect)
pharmaceutical care
pharmacist
prescription
respiration depression (side effect)
review
risk management
risk reduction
sedation
side effect (side effect)
social problem
tablet formulation
theft
United States
DRUG TRADE NAMES
ms contin
oxycontin
palladone xl
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
butorphanol (42408-82-2)
capsaicin (404-86-4)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
oxymorphone (357-07-3, 76-41-5)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004192007
MEDLINE PMID
14983975 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14983975)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 807
TITLE
The Young Adult with Hip Pain: Diagnosis and Medical Treatment, Circa 2004
AUTHOR NAMES
Troum O.M.
Crues III J.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Troum O.M., Otroum@yahoo.com) Department of Medicine, Keck School of
Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
(Crues III J.V.) Pronet Imaging Medical Group, RADNET Management, Inc., Los
Angeles, CA, United States.
(Troum O.M., Otroum@yahoo.com) 2336 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA
90404-2064, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
O.M. Troum, 2336 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90404-2064, United
States. Email: Otroum@yahoo.com
SOURCE
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (2004) :418 (9-17). Date of
Publication: January 2004
ISSN
0009-921X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer New York LLC, 233 Springer Street, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Hip pain in young adults (18-35 years old) often is characterized by
nonspecific symptoms, normal imaging studies, and vague findings from the
history and physical examination. In younger patients, pain is more likely
to be caused by congenital hip dysplasia, athletic injuries, trauma,
spondyloarthropathy, and by conditions that first appear during this stage
of life, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, intravenous drug use,
alcoholism, or corticosteroid use. The history and physical examination may
narrow the diagnosis to intraarticular, extraarticular, or referred sources
of pain. Plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging are the preferred
initial imaging procedures. Analyses of the blood, urine, and synovial fluid
can be helpful in diagnosing inflammation, infection, and systematic
rheumatic disease. Fractures, infection, and ischemic necrosis should be
ruled out early because they require immediate treatment to prevent damage
to the joint. Hip trauma at a young age increases the risk of osteoarthritis
with advancing age, and, unlike most older adults, young adults receiving
total hip replacement can expect revision surgery. Medical treatment often
involves patient education, physical therapy, and pharmacotherapy.
Acetaminophen, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, and opioids for pain and
antibiotics for infection are the most often prescribed drugs for this
population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
analgesic agent (drug therapy)
antibiotic agent (drug therapy)
celecoxib (drug therapy)
chondroitin sulfate (drug therapy)
clonidine (drug therapy)
corticosteroid (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (drug therapy)
diclofenac (drug therapy)
etanercept (drug therapy)
fentanyl (drug therapy)
glucosamine (drug therapy)
hydroxychloroquine (drug therapy)
ibuprofen (drug therapy)
infliximab (drug therapy)
leflunomide (drug therapy)
methotrexate (drug therapy)
morphine (drug therapy)
naproxen (drug therapy)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy)
opiate (drug therapy)
oxycodone (drug therapy)
paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, drug toxicity)
recombinant interleukin 1 receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
rofecoxib (drug therapy)
salazosulfapyridine (drug therapy)
terazosin (drug therapy)
tramadol (drug therapy)
unindexed drug
valdecoxib (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hip disease (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism
blood analysis
conference paper
fracture
gangrene
hip dysplasia
hip injury
human
infection
intravenous drug abuse
osteoarthritis
pain (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
patient education
physiotherapy
priority journal
rheumatoid arthritis
side effect (side effect)
spondyloarthropathy
sport injury
synovial fluid
urinalysis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
celecoxib (169590-42-5)
chondroitin sulfate (9007-28-7, 9082-07-9)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
diclofenac (15307-79-6, 15307-86-5)
etanercept (185243-69-0, 200013-86-1)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
glucosamine (3416-24-8, 4607-22-1)
hydroxychloroquine (118-42-3, 525-31-5)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
infliximab (170277-31-3)
leflunomide (75706-12-6)
methotrexate (15475-56-6, 59-05-2, 7413-34-5)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
recombinant interleukin 1 receptor blocking agent (143090-92-0)
rofecoxib (162011-90-7, 186912-82-3)
salazosulfapyridine (599-79-1)
terazosin (63074-08-8, 63590-64-7)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
valdecoxib (181695-72-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Orthopedic Surgery (33)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004051311
MEDLINE PMID
15043086 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15043086)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 808
TITLE
New constructs and assessments for relapse and continued use potential in
the ASAM Patient Placement Criteria.
AUTHOR NAMES
Gastfriend D.R.
Rubin A.
Sharon E.
Turner W.M.
Anton R.F.
Donovan D.M.
Gorski T.
Marlatt G.A.
Maisto S.
Schultz T.K.
Shulman G.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gastfriend D.R.; Rubin A.; Sharon E.; Turner W.M.; Anton R.F.; Donovan
D.M.; Gorski T.; Marlatt G.A.; Maisto S.; Schultz T.K.; Shulman G.D.)
Addiction Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.R. Gastfriend, Addiction Research Program, Department of Psychiatry,
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Email:
DGastfriend@Partners.org
SOURCE
Journal of addictive diseases : the official journal of the ASAM, American
Society of Addiction Medicine (2003) 22 Suppl 1 (95-111). Date of
Publication: 2003
ISSN
1055-0887
ABSTRACT
One area of intensive study in recent years in addiction research is the
characterization and prediction of relapse risk. Given the growing list of
findings and assessment tools in this area, in preparation for the second
edition, revised volume of the Patient Placement Criteria (PPC) of the
American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM), a workgroup of the Coalition
for National Criteria was assigned the task of creating a revised conceptual
organization for Dimension 5: Relapse/Continued Use Potential. The workgroup
conducted a review of the previous Dimension 5 constructs and criteria,
including a decision analysis of the previous Dimension 5 decision rules.
Following that analysis, field data from the ASAM Criteria Validity Study at
Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School were analyzed from
a large cohort of public and indigent patients in eastern Massachusetts.
After determining the concurrent validity of the Dimension 5 decision rules
and their limitations, the decision rules were rewritten to gain improved
validity. This exercise revealed techniques that can and should be used to
improve the discrimination of levels of care among all Dimensions. Finally,
the workgroup expanded and refined the constructs that should comprise a
revised Dimension 5. This revised list of constructs is sequential and
hierarchical. It offers face validity on several levels of current basic and
clinical research knowledge: behavioral pharmacology, behavioral psychology,
learning theory and psychopathology. While the Second Edition-Revised volume
of the ASAM PPC (PPC-2R) does not go so far as to propose final decision
rules for Dimension 5 based on these new constructs, it does recommend pilot
adoption of several new assessment tools for this dimension and provides the
framework incorporating those constructs and assessments in the next
complete PPC edition.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis, rehabilitation)
drug dependence treatment
patient selection
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adaptive behavior
aggression
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
human
questionnaire
recurrent disease
reinforcement
review
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
15991592 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15991592)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 809
TITLE
Assessment of Drug-Related Problems and Clinical Pharmacists' Interventions
in an Indian Teaching Hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Parthasarathi G.
Ramesh M.
Kumar J.K.
Madaki S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Parthasarathi G., parthal8@eth.net; Ramesh M.; Kumar J.K.; Madaki S.)
Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, India.
(Parthasarathi G., parthal8@eth.net) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, JSS
Medical College Hospital, Mysore 570 004, India.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Parthasarathi, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, JSS Medical College
Hospital, Mysore 570 004, India. Email: parthal8@eth.net
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research (2003) 33:4 (272-274). Date of
Publication: Dec 2003
ISSN
1445-937X
ABSTRACT
Aim: To identify drug-related problems (DRPs) at a major Indian teaching
hospital, to assess the acceptance of recommendations made by clinical
pharmacists and evaluate the level of involvement of pharmacists in drug
therapy decisions. Method: A prospective study was conducted over a
six-month period in the medical wards of the Jagadguru Shri
Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Medical College Hospital, Mysore, India. A
decision-making model proposed by Campagna (and modified by Wood) was
applied to evaluate pharmacists' involvement in drug therapy decisions.
Results: Of the 245 DRPs identified, 237 involved active clinical pharmacist
interventions. The most common DRPs were inappropriate dosage (31%),
inappropriate drug selection (17%) and adverse drug reactions (13%). Ninety
per cent of the pharmacists' recommendations were accepted and led to change
in therapy in 79% of cases. Most of the interventions were classified
(according to the decision-making model) as corrective (78%) or proactive
(19%). Conclusion: The incidence of DRPs identified in this study is higher
than reported in some studies in developed countries. But the acceptance
rate of clinical pharmacists' interventions was comparable to studies
conducted in countries where clinical pharmacy is well-developed and
indicate the acceptance and recognition of clinical pharmacists as active
members of the healthcare team at JSS Medical College Hospital.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
India
medication error
teaching hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
decision making
developing country
dose calculation
drug choice
drug cost
drug dependence
drug misuse
drug safety
prospective study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004013678
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 810
TITLE
The Pharmacological Management of Chronic Pain in Long-Term Care Settings:
Balancing Efficacy and Safety
AUTHOR NAMES
Argoff C.E.
Cranmer W.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Argoff C.E.) Cohn Pain Management Center, North Shore University Hospital,
Manhasset, NY, United States.
(Argoff C.E.) Department of Neurology, New York Univ. School of Medicine, .
(Cranmer W.W.) Amer. Bd. of Psychiat. and Neurology, .
(Cranmer W.W.) Geriatric Medical Associates, Oklahoma City, OK, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.E. Argoff, Cohn Pain Management Center, North Shore University Hospital,
Manhasset, NY, United States.
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2003) 18:SUPPL. A (4-18). Date of Publication: 2003
ISSN
0888-5109
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To understand the extent and impact of chronic pain in the
nursing home setting, the array of pharmacological options available for the
treatment of chronic pain, and to examine the role of the consultant
pharmacist in improving chronic pain management among elderly nursing home
residents. Data sources: Literature reviews, national and international
guidelines, expert opinion. Data Synthesis: Chronic pain remains a common
and undertreated condition among elderly nursing home residents. Although
the reasons for the undertreatment of pain in this population are complex,
failure to recognize pain and to utilize the full spectrum of analgesic
options available for the management of pain may be central underlying
elements. The consultant pharmacist, in conjunction with the entire
treatment team, can prioritize pain recognition and implement treatment
strategies that incorporate analgesics from the full array of
pharmacological options shown to be effective and well tolerated in the
elderly. Conclusions: Adequate treatment of pain in the nursing home setting
will require an institutional commitment to determine which residents are in
pain and to identify the most appropriate treatment option for an individual
resident. The consultant pharmacist can play a central role in this process
by (1) participating in a coordinated education process for the entire
treatment team; (2) participating in the selection of an appropriate
analgesic regimen; and (3) evaluating the ongoing efficacy, safety, and
tolerability of analgesic regimens for long-term care residents.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alpha 2 adrenergic receptor stimulating agent (adverse drug reaction,
clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology)
analgesic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug therapy,
oral drug administration, parenteral drug administration, pharmacology,
topical drug administration, transdermal drug administration)
anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
muscle relaxant agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor blocking agent (adverse drug
reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
capsaicin (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology, topical drug administration)
carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
clonazepam (drug therapy)
codeine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
diphenhydramine (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug therapy,
pharmacology, topical drug administration)
etiracetam
fentanyl (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy, pharmacology,
transdermal drug administration)
fentanyl citrate
gabapentin (drug therapy)
hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol
hydromorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
ibuprofen (drug combination, drug therapy, pharmacology)
lamotrigine (drug therapy, pharmacology)
lidocaine (clinical trial, drug administration, drug comparison, drug
therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration)
methadone (drug therapy)
morphine sulfate (adverse drug reaction, drug comparison, drug therapy,
pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug combination,
drug therapy, pharmacology)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration)
oxcarbazepine
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug combination, drug
dose, drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
oxycodone plus paracetamol (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
oxymorphone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug dose, drug
therapy)
phenytoin
topical agent (drug therapy, pharmacology, topical drug administration)
topiramate
unindexed drug (drug therapy)
valproate semisodium (drug therapy)
valproic acid
zonisamide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain (diagnosis, drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology)
long term care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (side effect)
analgesia
ataxia (side effect)
burning sensation (side effect)
clinical pharmacy
clinical trial
cognitive defect (side effect)
constipation (side effect)
diplopia (side effect)
dizziness (side effect)
drowsiness (side effect)
drug dependence (diagnosis)
drug efficacy
drug formulation
drug mechanism
drug safety
drug tolerance
drug use
endocrine disease (side effect)
gastrointestinal toxicity (side effect)
geriatric patient
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
human
hypotension (side effect)
inappropriate drug use
lethargy (side effect)
libido disorder (side effect)
liver toxicity (side effect)
low back pain (drug therapy)
mental disease (complication)
nausea (side effect)
nephrotoxicity (side effect)
neuropathic pain (drug therapy)
nursing home
nystagmus (side effect)
orthostatic hypotension (side effect)
pain assessment
pharmacist
postherpetic neuralgia (drug therapy)
prevalence
pruritus (side effect)
review
sedation
side effect (side effect)
sleep disorder (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
sustained release preparation
thrombocyte dysfunction (side effect)
undertreatment
visual impairment (side effect)
vomiting (side effect)
xerostomia (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
actiq
carbatrol
depacon
dilantin
dilaudid
keppra
lamictal
neurontin
numorphan
roxanol
roxicodone
topamax
trileptal
zonegran
zydone
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
capsaicin (404-86-4)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
codeine (76-57-3)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
etiracetam (102767-28-2, 33996-58-6)
fentanyl citrate (990-73-8)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
gabapentin (60142-96-3)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
lamotrigine (84057-84-1)
lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine sulfate (23095-84-3, 35764-55-7, 64-31-3)
muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxcarbazepine (28721-07-5)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
oxymorphone (357-07-3, 76-41-5)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
topiramate (97240-79-4)
valproate semisodium (76584-70-8)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
zonisamide (68291-97-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Anesthesiology (24)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004068302
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 811
TITLE
An initiation in Dáder methodology in the pharmacotherapeutic monitoring in
a community pharmacy
ORIGINAL (NON-ENGLISH) TITLE
Iniciación a la metodología Dáder de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico en una
farmacia comunitaria
AUTHOR NAMES
Barris D.
Faus M.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Barris D., d.barris.000@recol.es)
(Barris D., d.barris.000@recol.es) Farmacia C. Zarzuelo, C/ Cd. Melilla -
Plaza Mayor 20-21, 29630 Benalmadena (Malaga).
(Faus M.J.) Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia,
Universidad de Granada, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Barris, Farmacia C. Zarzuelo, C/ Cd. Melilla - Plaza Mayor 20-21, 29630
Benalmadena (Malaga). Email: d.barris.000@recol.es
SOURCE
Ars Pharmaceutica (2003) 44:3 (225-237). Date of Publication: 2003
ISSN
0004-2927
0004-2927 (electronic)
BOOK PUBLISHER
Editorial Universida de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada,
Spain.
ABSTRACT
The objectives of this study were to analyse drug related problems (DRP)
detected in patients at a community pharmacy, to classify them in accordance
with the categories of necessity, effectiveness and safety, and to evaluate
the communication channel used to solve the problem. The Dáder Program
methodology for pharmacotherapy following at community pharmacies, was
proposed by the Research Group for Pharmaceutical Care at the University of
Granada. A total of 44 DRPs were detected over a period of 16 months, of
which 75% were successfully resolved. The distribution of DRPs in accordance
with the three basic categories of drug therapy were as follows: indication
31.8% (DRP 1 & 2), effectiveness 34.1% (DRP 3 & 4) and safety 34.1% (DRP 5 &
6). A successful outcome was achieved in 72.4% of the DRPs when a physician
was contacted in order to resolve the problem, while 66.7% of the cases were
resolved successfully through direct pharmacist intervention with the
patient. The main therapeutic groups predominating in DRPs were:
antihypertensives, lipid-lowering drugs and antidiabetics. New strategies
are necessary in order to overcome barriers and in so doing, increase the
number of patients receiving pharmacotherapy following service. This may be
achieved through an improvement in communication techniques with the patient
and a greater integration of the community pharmacy within the health
system.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidiabetic agent
antihypertensive agent
antilipemic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug monitoring
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Dader program methodology
drug efficacy
drug indication
drug safety
health care system
human
methodology
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
Spanish, English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2007249811
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 812
TITLE
Levosimendan: Implications for clinicians
AUTHOR NAMES
McBride B.F.
White C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(White C.M.) Hartford Hosp. Drug Info. Center, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford,
CT 06102-5037, United States.
(McBride B.F.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.M. White, Hartford Hosp. Drug Info. Center, 80 Seymour Street, Hartford,
CT 06102-5037, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2003) 43:10 (1071-1081). Date of
Publication: 1 Oct 2003
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Levosimendan is a novel calcium sensitizing agent in development for the
treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. The agent increases myocardial
force without increasing myocyte calcium concentrations, thus reducing the
possibility for myocardial necrosis. In addition, the agent also causes
vasodilation of coronary and peripheral vessels to improve coronary blood
flow and reduce afterload. The short half-life is a benefit for intravenous
administration but could be problematic for the drug's use in chronic heart
failure. The risk of the development of arrhythmias from levosimendan
appears small secondary to an increase in the QTc interval of 15 msec but
needs to be evaluated in light of the ability of levosimendan to open
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channels. In addition, the
agent has not been studied in patients with additional risks for torsades de
pointes. Levosimendan has been shown to have beneficial survival effects in
several populations; its use improves patient outcomes relative to the
standard of care and has the potential to reduce hospital costs associated
with heart failure. ©2003 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
levosimendan (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug interaction, drug
therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration,
pharmacoeconomics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, transdermal drug
administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adenosine diphosphate (endogenous compound)
adenosine triphosphate (endogenous compound)
anticoagulant agent (drug interaction)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug interaction)
brain natriuretic peptide (endogenous compound)
calcium (endogenous compound)
calcium sensitizer (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug interaction,
drug therapy, intravenous drug administration, oral drug administration,
pharmacoeconomics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, transdermal drug
administration)
captopril (drug interaction)
carvedilol (drug interaction)
catecholamine derivative (pharmacology)
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (drug interaction)
diuretic agent (drug therapy)
dobutamine (drug interaction)
endothelin 1 (endogenous compound)
inotropic agent (adverse drug reaction)
isosorbide dinitrate (drug interaction)
milrinone (drug interaction)
myosin (endogenous compound)
neurohormone (endogenous compound)
nitrate (drug interaction)
noradrenalin (endogenous compound)
phosphodiesterase inhibitor (pharmacology)
potassium channel
tropomyosin (endogenous compound)
troponin C (endogenous compound)
troponin I (endogenous compound)
troponin T (endogenous compound)
unindexed drug
vasodilator agent (drug interaction, drug therapy, oral drug administration)
warfarin (drug interaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acute heart failure (disease management, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
calcium cell level
channel gating
clinical trial
coronary artery blood flow
coronary artery bypass graft
coronary artery dilatation
drug absorption
drug effect
drug efficacy
drug elimination
drug half life
drug mechanism
drug metabolism
drug protein binding
drug utilization
heart afterload
heart arrhythmia (side effect)
heart infarction
heart muscle cell
heart muscle contractile force
heart muscle necrosis (complication)
heart ventricle arrhythmia (side effect)
hospital cost
human
inotropism
outcomes research
patient care
peripheral vascular system
pharmacodynamics
QT interval
review
risk assessment
survival rate
torsade des pointes (side effect)
vasodilatation
volume of distribution
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
adenosine diphosphate (20398-34-9, 58-64-0)
adenosine triphosphate (15237-44-2, 56-65-5, 987-65-5)
brain natriuretic peptide (114471-18-0)
calcium (14092-94-5, 7440-70-2)
captopril (62571-86-2)
carvedilol (72956-09-3)
dobutamine (34368-04-2, 52663-81-7)
isosorbide dinitrate (87-33-2)
levosimendan (141505-33-1)
milrinone (78415-72-2)
nitrate (14797-55-8)
noradrenalin (1407-84-7, 51-41-2)
tropomyosin (72067-79-9)
troponin C (56094-11-2)
troponin I (77108-40-8)
troponin T (60304-72-5)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003389923
MEDLINE PMID
14517189 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14517189)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270003257217
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 813
TITLE
Development and implementation of a tobacco cessation training program for
students in the health professions
AUTHOR NAMES
Hudmon K.S.
Corelli R.L.
Gundersen B.
Kroon L.A.
Sakamoto L.M.
Hemberger K.K.
Fenlon C.
Prokhorov A.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hudmon K.S., khudmon@itsa.ucsf.edu; Corelli R.L.; Kroon L.A.; Fenlon C.)
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of California San
Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
(Hudmon K.S., khudmon@itsa.ucsf.edu) School of Pharmacy, Univ. of California
San Francisco, 3333 California Street, San Francisco, CA 94118, United
States.
(Gundersen B.; Sakamoto L.M.; Hemberger K.K.; Prokhorov A.V.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.S. Hudmon, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of California San Francisco, 3333
California Street, San Francisco, CA 94118, United States. Email:
khudmon@itsa.ucsf.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Cancer Education (2003) 18:3 (142-149). Date of Publication: Fall
2003
ISSN
0885-8195
BOOK PUBLISHER
Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background. A comprehensive tobacco cessation training program, Rx for
Change, was developed and implemented as required coursework at all
California schools of pharmacy and at the University of California San
Francisco Schools of Medicine and Dentistry. Results. Post-training
evaluations administered to pharmacy students (n = 544; 89% participation)
show a positive impact of the training on students' self-reported abilities
for providing tobacco cessation counseling to patients. Conclusion. Designed
as a vehicle for nationwide dissemination of the U.S. Public Health Service
Clinical Practice Guideline for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence, Rx for
Change equips students with skills to intervene with all tobacco users,
including patients who are not yet considering quitting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical education
education program
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
clinical practice
conference paper
curriculum
evaluation study
female
health education
human
male
medical school
medical student
normal human
patient counseling
pharmacy
practice guideline
priority journal
self report
skill
tobacco dependence
training
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003396952
MEDLINE PMID
14512261 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14512261)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 814
TITLE
Evaluation of Home-Based Follow-Up of High-Risk Elderly Patients Discharged
from Hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Naunton M.
Peterson G.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Naunton M.; Peterson G.M., G.Peterson@utas.edu.au) Department of Pharmacy,
Tasmanian School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania,
Australia.
(Peterson G.M., G.Peterson@utas.edu.au) Tasmanian School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Health Science, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-26, Hobart,
Tasmania 7001, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.M. Peterson, Tasmanian School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science,
University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-26, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia.
Email: G.Peterson@utas.edu.au
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research (2003) 33:3 (176-182). Date of
Publication: Sep 2003
ISSN
1445-937X
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate pharmacist-conducted follow-up at home of high-risk
elderly patients discharged from hospital. Method: A randomised controlled
study, in which medical patients admitted to hospital and fulfilling
high-risk criteria (including age 60 years or older and prescribed four or
more regular medications) were randomly assigned to an intervention or
control group. Patients in the intervention group were visited at home by a
pharmacist five days after discharge. The pharmacist educated patients on
their medications, encouraged compliance, assessed for drug-related
problems, intervened when appropriate and communicated all relevant findings
to community health professionals. The intervention group patients were
revisited at home 90 days after discharge to evaluate the outcomes of
interventions made on day 5. Patients in the control group were visited at
home by a pharmacist 90 days after discharge and provided with an identical
comprehensive medication review Results: One hundred and twenty-one patients
completed the study. There were no significant differences between the two
groups in key clinical and demographic parameters at baseline. A median of
three drug-related problems were identified in each intervention group
patient at the five day home visit. Ninety days after discharge this had
declined to one, compared to two for the control group patients (p <
0.0001). In the intervention group, compliance had improved and was
significantly higher than for the control group after 90 days (p < 0.0001).
There was a significant decline in the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs by the intervention group patients. Forty-five per cent of the control
group patients had unplanned readmissions to hospital during the 90 days
following discharge compared to 28% of the intervention group patients (p =
0.05). The intervention program was well-received by patients and their
general practitioners. Recommendations from the pharmacist were implemented
by general practitioners in 79% of cases. Conclusion: A pharmacist-conducted
follow-up at home of high-risk elderly patients discharged from hospital is
valuable in identifying and addressing drug-related problems and reducing
the risk of readmission to hospital.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amiodarone (adverse drug reaction)
atenolol (adverse drug reaction)
digoxin (adverse drug reaction)
dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug
interaction)
flecainide (adverse drug reaction)
insulin (adverse drug reaction)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
elderly care
home care
hospital discharge
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
bradycardia (side effect)
controlled study
demography
drug hypersensitivity (side effect)
female
follow up
food drug interaction
general practice
health care personnel
high risk population
hospital admission
human
hypoglycemia
major clinical study
male
patient compliance
pharmacist
practice guideline
randomization
side effect (side effect)
toxicity (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2)
atenolol (29122-68-7)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
flecainide (54143-55-4)
insulin (9004-10-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003505597
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 815
TITLE
Feedback wanted on e-learning pack
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2003) 271:7264 (258). Date of Publication: 30 Aug
2003
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
drug
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
postgraduate education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education program
Internet
note
online system
opiate addiction
pharmacist
publishing
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003385214
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 816
TITLE
Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of CHF 3381, a novel
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, after single oral doses in healthy subjects
AUTHOR NAMES
Tarral A.
Dostert P.
Guillevic Y.
Fabbri L.
Rondelli I.
Mariotti F.
Imbimbo B.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tarral A.; Dostert P.; Guillevic Y.) Biotrial, Technopole Atalante
Villejean, Rennes, France.
(Fabbri L.; Rondelli I.; Mariotti F.; Imbimbo B.P.) Research and Development
Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy.
(Imbimbo B.P.) Research and Development Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Via
Palermo 26/A, 43100 Parma, Italy.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.P. Imbimbo, Research and Development Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Via
Palermo 26/A, 43100 Parma, Italy.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2003) 43:8 (901-911). Date of Publication:
1 Aug 2003
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed to assess
the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single oral doses of CHF
3381 in 56 young healthy male volunteers. The central nervous system effects
of CHF 3381 were also evaluated, as well as the effect of food on the rate
and extent of CHF 3381 absorption. Seven doses of CHF 3381 (25, 50, 100,
200, 300, 450, and 600 mg) were evaluated in an escalating order. At each
dose level, 6 subjects were given CHF 3381, and 2 subjects were given
placebo. Safety and tolerability evaluation included adverse events,
physical examination, vital functions, electrocardiogram, laboratory tests,
and 24-hour Holter (100-mg and 450-mg dose panels). Plasma and urinary
concentrations of CHF 3381 and its two main metabolites (CHF 3567 and
2-aminoindane) were measured with a validated high-performance liquid
chromatography method. Central nervous system effects were evaluated with
the simple reaction time (SRT); learning memory task (LMT); Bond & Lader
Visual Analog Scale for alertness, contentedness, and calmness; Addiction
Research Center Inventory (ARCI); and electroencephalogram. There were no
serious adverse events; the most frequent adverse events were dizziness,
abnormal thinking, and asthenia. The number of adverse events with moderate
intensity increased sharply with the dose, with no or few events up to 450
mg and 17 events with 600 mg. Therefore, 600 mg was defined as the maximum
tolerated dose. There were no significant treatment effects on
cardiovascular function and electrocardiogram parameters at any CHF 3381
dose or on oral temperature or laboratory tests. There were no clinically
significant changes in laboratory variables. CHF 3381 was absorbed rapidly
(t(max) = 0.5-2 h) and cleared from plasma with a half-life of 3 to 4 hours.
Plasma levels of CHF 3381 and its two major metabolites were found to be
proportional to the dose. 2-Aminoindane formed slowly and reached much lower
concentrations compared to the parent compound and the other metabolite (CHF
3567). Within 48 hours after dosing, 2% to 6% of the administered dose was
found in the urine as unchanged drug, about 50% to 55% as the acid
derivative (CHF 3567), and 2% to 3% as 2-aminoindane. Ingestion of food did
not affect the extent of absorption of the drug, while the rate of
absorption was considerably reduced (t(max) = 4 h). No significant effects
of CHF 3381 were observed on attention (SRT) or memory (LMT). Visual analog
scales revealed a decreasing effect of CHF 3381 on alertness at 1 hour that
reached statistical significance at 300 and 600 mg. EEG spectral analysis
revealed minor decreasing effects of the 200-mg dose on total electric power
measured at 2 hours. A stimulant effect was detected by the ARCI scale 24
hours after the 300-mg dose and might be related to the slow formation of
the 2-aminoindane metabolite. In conclusion, this study has shown that the
maximum tolerated dose of CHF 3381 after single oral administration in young
healthy male volunteers is 600 mg. CHF 3381 displays linear pharmacokinetics
in the dose range of 25 to 600 mg. The compound is rapidly absorbed and
cleared from plasma with a half-life of 3 to 4 hours. The ingestion of food
seems to not affect the extent of absorption of the drug. Minor effects on
the central nervous system were detected at doses equal to or greater than
300 mg. © 2003 The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
indantadol (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug administration, drug
analysis, drug dose, oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor blocking agent (adverse drug
reaction, clinical trial, drug administration, drug analysis, drug dose,
oral drug administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 aminoindan (drug analysis, drug concentration)
chf 3567
drug metabolite (drug analysis, drug concentration)
indantadol
n (2 indan 2 yl)glycine (drug analysis, drug concentration)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug safety
pharmacodynamics
pharmacokinetics
single drug dose
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
accommodation
adult
area under the curve
article
asthenia (side effect)
attention
body temperature
cardiovascular effect
clinical trial
cognitive defect (side effect)
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
double blind procedure
drug absorption
drug blood level
drug clearance
drug effect
drug half life
drug structure
drug tolerability
drug urine level
eye disease (side effect)
food drug interaction
high performance liquid chromatography
human
malaise (side effect)
male
maximum tolerated dose
memory
nausea (side effect)
normal human
randomized controlled trial
somnolence (side effect)
urinary excretion
vertigo (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
chf 3381 , ItalyChiesi
chf 3567 , ItalyChiesi
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(Italy)Chiesi
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2 aminoindan (2975-41-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003297231
MEDLINE PMID
12953347 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12953347)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091270003256137
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 817
TITLE
Drug therapy management: an empirical report of drug therapy problems,
pharmacists' interventions, and results of pharmacists' actions.
AUTHOR NAMES
McDonough R.P.
Doucette W.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McDonough R.P.; Doucette W.R.) College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa,
Iowa City 52242, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.P. McDonough, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242,
USA. Email: randal-mcdonough@uiowa.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA (2003) 43:4
(511-518). Date of Publication: 2003 Jul-Aug
ISSN
1544-3191
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the number and types of drug therapy problems
identified by pharmacists at six community pharmacies, identify the
interventions made by these pharmacists in their attempts to resolve drug
therapy problems, and determine the results of the pharmacists' actions
taken to resolve drug therapy problems. DESIGN: Retrospective review of
patient records from pharmacies. SETTING: Six community pharmacies that had
participated in Project ImPACT: Hyperlipidemia. PATIENTS: One hundred
sixteen patients from Project ImPACT: Hyperlipidemia. INTERVENTION: Drug
therapy problems, pharmacists' interventions, and results of pharmacists'
actions were identified and categorized. Drug therapy problems were
classified into seven categories, pharmacists' interventions into six
categories, and results were categorized into eight types. Frequencies and
descriptive statistics were calculated for the measures. RESULTS: A total of
512 initial drug therapy problems were reported for 116 patients in the 6
pharmacies. In addition to the initial interventions, pharmacists documented
another 545 times in which they intervened on the original problems. There
were 354 (69.1%) drug therapy problems associated with hyperlipidemia and
158 (30.9%) with other conditions. Overall, most common types of drug
therapy problems were needs additional therapy (39.8%) and nonadherence to
therapy (31.1%). The most common discretionary pharmacist interventions were
patient education and physician communication, which occurred on average
4.63 and 3.30 times during the project period. The most common consequence
of a pharmacist intervention was an increase in patient adherence, which was
reported for almost half of the patients. CONCLUSION: Drug therapy
management (DTM) for patients with dyslipidemias identified frequent drug
therapy problems associated with both hyperlipidemia and other conditions.
Pharmacists used interventions that included laboratory testing, patient
monitoring, patient education, and physician communication to influence
patient adherence and optimize drug therapy. Although further research is
needed, the findings of this analysis are promising for the more widespread
adoption of a DTM role by community pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug therapy (adverse drug reaction)
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
female
human
hyperlipidemia (drug therapy)
male
middle aged
retrospective study
treatment refusal
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12952316 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12952316)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 818
TITLE
Outreach pharmacy service in old age homes: A Hong Kong experience
AUTHOR NAMES
Lau W.-M.
Chan K.
Yung T.-H.
Lee A.S.-W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lau W.-M., lauwm@ha.org.hk; Chan K.; Yung T.-H.; Lee A.S.-W.) Prof./Clin.
Service Devmt. Section, Chief Pharmacist's Office, Hospital Authority Head
Office, 3 Lok Man Road, Chai Wan, Hong Kong.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.-M. Lau, Prof./Clin. Service Devmt. Section, Chief Pharmacist's Office,
Hospital Authority Head Office, 3 Lok Man Road, Chai Wan, Hong Kong. Email:
lauwm@ha.org.hk
SOURCE
Journal of the Chinese Medical Association (2003) 66:6 (346-354). Date of
Publication: 1 Jun 2003
ISSN
1726-4901
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Background. To explore drug-related problems in old age homes in Hong Kong
through outreach pharmacy service. Methods. A standard form was used by
outreach pharmacists to identify drug-related problems at old age homes.
Homes were selected through random sampling, voluntary participation or
adverse selection. Initial observation and assessment were performed in the
first and second weeks. Appropriate advice and recommendations were given
upon assessment and supplemented by a written report. Educational talks were
provided to staff of the homes in addition to other drug information
materials. At week 7 to 9, evaluations were carried out. Results.
Eighty-five homes were assessed and identified to have problems in the drug
management system. These problems could generally be classified into
physical storage (8.8%), quality of storage (19.2%), drug administration
system (13.3%), documentation (16.4%), and drug knowledge of staff of homes
(42.2%). Quality of drug storage was the most common problem found, followed
by documentation and drug knowledge (73%, 50% and 44% of points assessed
with problems, respectively). Apart from lack of drug knowledge and
unawareness of potential risks by staff, minimal professional standards
unmet may be fundamentally related to lack of professional input and
inadequacy in legislation. Most homes demonstrated significant improvements
upon simple interventions, from a majority of homes with more than 10
problems to a majority with less than 5 problems. Conclusions. Diverse
problems in drug management are common in old age homes, which warrants
attention and professional inputs. Simple interventions and education by
pharmacists are shown to be effective in improving the quality of drug
management and hence care to residents. While future financing of old age
home service can be reviewed within the social context to provide incentives
for improvement, review of regulatory policy with enforcement may be more
fundamental and effective in upholding the service standard.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
furosemide
glyceryl trinitrate
haloperidol
insulin
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
elderly care
nursing home
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
awareness
controlled study
drug information
drug quality
drug storage
health care delivery
health care financing
health care management
health care policy
health care quality
Hong Kong
human
law
medical documentation
metered dose inhaler
nebulizer
patient counseling
patient education
professional standard
randomization
review
risk assessment
standardization
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
furosemide (54-31-9)
glyceryl trinitrate (55-63-0)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
insulin (9004-10-8)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003416245
MEDLINE PMID
12889503 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12889503)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 819
TITLE
Seamless pharmaceutical care in HIV-infected patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Shah S.
Hughes C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shah S., scones9@hotmail.com; Hughes C.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of
Alberta, Alberta, Alta., Canada.
(Shah S., scones9@hotmail.com) Calgary Co-op Pharmacy, Calgary, Alta.,
Canada.
(Hughes C.) HIV Clinic, University of Alberta Hospital, Alberta, Alta.,
Canada.
(Shah S., scones9@hotmail.com) 502-33 Arbour Grove Close NW, Calgary, Alta.
T3G 4K2, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Shah, 502-33 Arbour Grove Close NW, Calgary, Alta. T3G 4K2, Canada.
Email: scones9@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (2003) 136:2 (28-32). Date of Publication:
2003
ISSN
0828-6914
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Enhance communication between the HIV clinic pharmacist and OPD,
document the number of DRPs identified and resolved as a result of the
seamless care interaction and compile workload data. Design: Prospective
descriptive study. Setting: HIV clinic and outpatient pharmacy department
(OPD) at the University of Alberta Hospital. Participants: HIV-seropositive
patients. Methods: A seamless care documentation form (SCDF) was developed
to transfer information between the HIV clinic and OPD. Results:
Eighty-three patients participated in the three-month study. Patients were
receiving an average of 4.5 medications. Forty-six patients (55%) were
receiving a protease inhibitor-based regimen. Twenty-seven drug-related
problems (DRPs) were identified in 27 individuals. The majority (25/27) were
related to non-adherence, based on review of pharmacy refill records.
Completion of the form required a mean of five minutes per patient and, on
average, the clinic pharmacist spent 10 minutes following up with patients
identified by the OPD. The OPD spent an average of 10 minutes per patient
reviewing the seamless care form and updating profiles. Conclusion: The SCDF
facilitated the transfer of information between the clinic and OPD.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiretrovirus agent (drug therapy)
proteinase inhibitor (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
follow up
highly active antiretroviral therapy
human
major clinical study
outpatient department
pharmacist
serology
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
proteinase inhibitor (37205-61-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003196511
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 820
TITLE
Pharmacist involvement in a multidisciplinary inpatient medication education
program
AUTHOR NAMES
Calabrese A.T.
Cholka K.
Lenhart S.E.
McCarty B.
Zewe G.
Sunseri D.
Roberts M.
Kapoor W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) Department of Pharmacy, University
of Pittsburgh (UP), Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) UPMC-Presbytrian, Pittsburgh, PA,
United States.
(Cholka K.) Department of Ambulatory Care, Univ. of Wisconsin Hosp. and
Clinics, Madison, WI, United States.
(Cholka K.; Lenhart S.E.) Department of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh,
UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Lenhart S.E.) Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ, United States.
(McCarty B.; Zewe G.; Sunseri D.) Department od Medicine, UPMC-Presbyterian,
Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Zewe G.) School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC-Presbyterian,
Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Roberts M.) Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh,
UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Kapoor W.) Division of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh,
UPMC-Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
(Calabrese A.T., calabresea@msx.upmc.edu) Department of Pharmacy, UPMC
Health System, 302 Scaife Hall, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.T. Calabrese, Department of Pharmacy, UPMC Health System, 302 Scaife Hall,
200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States. Email:
calabresea@msx.upmc.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2003) 60:10 (1012-1018). Date of
Publication: 15 May 2003
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
The development of a multidisciplinary inpatient medication education
program is described. A multidisciplinary group designed and implemented a
medication education program with defined roles for both nurses and
pharmacists. Nurses provided medication education to patients during each
medication administration using specially designed assessment and teaching
tools. The nursing staff submitted requests for pharmacist consultations for
patients with complex medication regimens, who were admitted because of a
drug-related problem or who required additional teaching as determined
through the medication education assessment form. A complex medication
regimen was defined as the admin[stration of oral medication more than five
different times per day, the start of at least 5 new medications that would
be continued at discharge, or the prescribing of at least 10 medications to
be taken daily that would be continued at discharge. Pharmacists provided
education for 19% of admitted patients during a six-month period. As a
result of pharmacists' interactions with prescribers and nurses, the number
of medications was reduced in 12% of these patients, and the number of
medication administrations each day was reduced in 19% of patients. In
addition, for 33% of patients, pharmacists contacted the prescriber to make
recommendations beyond the scope of the medication education program that
optimized and simplified the patient's drug regimen. The development of a
structured medication education program allowed patients to receive
medication education throughout their hospitalization from both nurses and
pharmacists. Pharmacists provided education for patients at highest risk for
noncompliance or poor outcomes. Full implementation of a medication
education program involving staff pharmacists is planned.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
education program
patient education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
algorithm
article
hospital patient
human
nurse
patient compliance
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003198693
MEDLINE PMID
12789872 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12789872)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 821
TITLE
Impaired residents: identification and intervention.
AUTHOR NAMES
Veldenz H.C.
Scott K.K.
Dennis J.W.
Tepas 3rd. J.J.
Schinco M.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Veldenz H.C.; Scott K.K.; Dennis J.W.; Tepas 3rd. J.J.; Schinco M.S.)
Department of Surgery, University of Florida Health Science Center,
Jacksonville, Florida 32209, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.C. Veldenz, Department of Surgery, University of Florida Health Science
Center, Jacksonville, Florida 32209, USA.
SOURCE
Current surgery (2003) 60:2 (214-217). Date of Publication: 2003 Mar-Apr
ISSN
0149-7944
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the effect of a psychologist on faculty staff
supporting impaired residents to successful program completion in general
surgery. METHODS: Since 1996, the Department of Surgery has had a staff
psychologist on faculty who works closely with the Trauma service. Duties
include provision of patient and family therapies (representing a
revenue-generating activity for the department), in-services for staff
stress management, research, and community education activities. As resident
performance issues have arisen, the psychologist has been instrumental in
early identification of and referral for underlying issues affecting
resident behavior. RESULTS: From 1996 to October 2001, 12 residents (2 with
multiple referrals) have been identified with significant psychological
issues impairing performance. The various psychological problems include
depression, anger control issues, and addictions; required interventions
have included referrals for therapeutic counseling, recommendations for
career change, and therapeutic counseling combined with pharmacotherapy.
Fellow residents referred 4 of the 12 residents to the psychologist for
possible evaluation, and the remaining 8 had referral initiated by
performance concerns. CONCLUSIONS: Significant psychological problems can
impair resident performance and possible training program completion. Early
identification and intervention by a professional psychologist on faculty
can provide support for increased opportunity to complete residency
training.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
malpractice
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction (diagnosis)
anger
article
depression (diagnosis)
patient referral
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
14972299 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14972299)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 822
TITLE
Interventions in chronic pain management. 4. Medications in pain management
AUTHOR NAMES
Ericksen J.J.
Braverman D.L.
Shah R.V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ericksen J.J., jerickse@hsc.vcu.edu) Department of Physical Medicine,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus,
Richmond, VA, United States.
(Braverman D.L.) Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine, Univ. of Pennsylvania
Sch. of Med., Univ. of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, United
States.
(Shah R.V.) Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech Univ. Hlth. Sci.
Center, International Pain Institute, Lubbock, TX, United States.
(Ericksen J.J., jerickse@hsc.vcu.edu) Dept. of PM and R, VA Cmw. Univ./Med.
Coll. of VA Camp., Box 980677, 1223 E Marshall St, Richmond, VA 23298,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.J. Ericksen, Dept. of PM and R, VA Cmw. Univ./Med. Coll. of VA Camp., Box
980677, 1223 E Marshall St, Richmond, VA 23298, United States. Email:
jerickse@hsc.vcu.edu
SOURCE
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (2003) 84:3 (S50-S56). Date
of Publication: 1 Mar 2003
ISSN
0003-9993
BOOK PUBLISHER
W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
This self-directed learning module, which highlights pharmacologic
approaches in the management of chronic pain, focuses on both traditional
and nontraditional medications. It is part of the study guide on
interventions in chronic pain management in the Self-Directed Physiatric
Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and
rehabilitation. This article highlights medication concepts, including the
cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, opiate management of chronic pain, and
neuropathic pain management; and it reviews some nontraditional approaches
such as homeopathy and herbal remedies. © 2003 by the American Academy of
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (drug therapy)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (drug therapy)
opiate (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug comparison, drug
therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
baclofen (drug dose, drug therapy)
botulinum toxin A (drug therapy)
celecoxib (drug therapy)
dextropropoxyphene (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
dextropropoxyphene plus paracetamol
etodolac (drug therapy)
hyco pap
hydrocodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus ibuprofen
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy)
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol
hydrocodone bitartrate plus paracetamol
oxycodone (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
oxycodone plus paracetamol
oxycodone plus paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
oxycodone plus paracetamol
oxycodone plus paracetamol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
paracetamol (drug combination, drug therapy)
rofecoxib (drug therapy)
tramadol (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain (drug therapy, rehabilitation, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
constipation (side effect)
drug dependence (side effect)
drug mechanism
drug tolerance
education program
enzyme inhibition
herbal medicine
homeopathy
human
hypotension (side effect)
mental disease (side effect)
nausea (side effect)
pain assessment
respiration depression (side effect)
review
sedation
seizure (side effect)
somnolence (side effect)
traditional medicine
DRUG TRADE NAMES
darvocet
endocet
hyco pap
lodine
lorcet
lortab
maxidone
norco
roxicet
tylenol
tylox
vicodin
vicoprofen
wygesic
zydone
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
baclofen (1134-47-0)
botulinum toxin A (93384-43-1)
celecoxib (169590-42-5)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
etodolac (41340-25-4)
hydrocodone (125-29-1, 25968-91-6, 34366-67-1)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
rofecoxib (162011-90-7, 186912-82-3)
tramadol (27203-92-5, 36282-47-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003107230
MEDLINE PMID
12708559 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12708559)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2003.50050
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 823
TITLE
The 19th Annual Peter Lamy Conference: 'High-Tech' and 'High-Touch'
Strategies to Improve Geriatric Medication Use
AUTHOR NAMES
Brandt N.
Hardesty J.
Doshi J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Brandt N.) Clinical and Education Program, Peter Lamy Center, Baltimore,
MD, United States.
(Brandt N.) Dept. of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy, Univ. of Maryland School of
Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Doshi J.) Univ. of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, United
States.
(Hardesty J.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Brandt, Clinical and Education Program, Peter Lamy Center, Baltimore, MD,
United States.
SOURCE
Consultant Pharmacist (2003) 18:2 (119-128). Date of Publication: Feb 2003
ISSN
0888-5109
ABSTRACT
In October 2002, the Peter Lamy Center-one of the foremost U.S. institutions
dedicated to geriatric pharmacotherapy research and education-convened its
19th annual conference on strategies for integrating innovative technology
and to optimize medication outcomes in the senior population. This article
summarizes selected highlights of the daylong conference.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent
cholinesterase inhibitor
neuroleptic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
geriatric care
pharmaceutical care
technology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
computer program
conference paper
drug information
drug misuse (prevention)
drug monitoring
drug safety
health care management
health care quality
health care system
human
information system
Internet
minicomputer
patient care
patient counseling
patient education
personal data assistant
prescription
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2004067659
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 824
TITLE
Pharmacy student knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about selling syringes to
injection drug users.
AUTHOR NAMES
Blumenthal W.J.
Springer K.W.
Jones T.S.
Sterk C.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Blumenthal W.J.; Springer K.W.; Jones T.S.; Sterk C.E.) Division of
Emergency and Environmental Health Services, National Center for
Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta,
GA 30333, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.J. Blumenthal, Division of Emergency and Environmental Health Services,
National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Email: Wblumenthal@cdc.gov
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:6 Suppl 2 (S34-39). Date of Publication: 2002 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore pharmacy school education and pharmacy students'
knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), drug use, and syringe sales
to injection drug users (IDUs). DESIGN: Qualitative study of a convenience
sample of pharmacy school students. SETTING: A pharmacy school in the
southeastern United States. INTERVENTION: Two focus groups and nine in-depth
interviews were conducted about HIV/AIDS education and counseling, syringe
sales to possible IDUs, and related pharmacy school education. PARTICIPANTS:
19 Doctor of Pharmacy students, including 88 students in their third
professional year and 11 in their fourth professional year. RESULTS: Most
participants believed that they would benefit from more class time on
HIV/AIDS topics, including AIDS treatment medications and HIV prevention.
Most participants believed that the laws and regulations governing syringe
sales in their state were vague, leaving syringe sale decisions to
pharmacists' discretion. Nine study participants supported selling syringes
to possible IDUs, five opposed it, and five were undecided or ambivalent.
Classroom education focused on addiction to prescription drugs, with limited
attention to illicit drug use. CONCLUSION: Pharmacy students have divided
opinions about selling syringes to IDUs. To prepare students for helping
their patients with drug-use problems, pharmacy schools should increase
training about HIV/AIDS and addiction. Policy makers should consider
changing laws and regulations of syringe sales to recognize prevention of
blood-borne infections as a legitimate medical purpose for selling syringes
to IDUs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
pharmacy student
substance abuse
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
patient education
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12489613 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489613)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 825
TITLE
Pharmacist ambivalence about sale of syringes to injection drug users.
AUTHOR NAMES
Reich W.
Compton W.M.
Horton J.C.
Cottler L.B.
Cunningham-Williams R.M.
Booth R.
Singer M.
Leukefeld C.
Fink J.
Stopka T.
Corsi K.F.
Tindall M.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reich W.; Compton W.M.; Horton J.C.; Cottler L.B.; Cunningham-Williams
R.M.; Booth R.; Singer M.; Leukefeld C.; Fink J.; Stopka T.; Corsi K.F.;
Tindall M.S.) Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. Reich, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA. Email:
wendyr@twins.wustl.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:6 Suppl 2 (S52-57). Date of Publication: 2002 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine pharmacists' attitudes and practices surrounding human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among injection drug users. DESIGN:
Focus groups. SETTING: Urban and rural sites in Colorado, Connecticut,
Kentucky, and Missouri. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Eight focus groups,
with 4 to 11 pharmacists participating in each group. INTERVENTIONS:
Transcripts of focus group discussions were evaluated for common themes by
the authors and through the use of NUD*IST. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Willingness to sell syringes to all customers, views on syringe exchange
programs (SEPs), knowledge of laws governing syringe sales and racial,
ethnic, or gender biases in syringe selling practices. RESULTS: Two
pharmacists established their own policies of selling syringes to everyone,
and three expressed a willingness to have their pharmacies serve as SEPs. A
total of 20% of the pharmacists expressed an interest in learning more about
the efficacy of SEPs and distribution of syringes by pharmacists, and were
willing to change their views based on this information. Many also indicated
a general willingness to work with SEPs or to participate in the effort to
curb the spread of HIV. However, a majority of pharmacists opposed having
SEPs in their pharmacies and reported selling syringes only within specific
limits: to known diabetics, to individuals who looked reasonable, or to
individuals who presented a logical explanation. No racial, ethnic, or
gender bias was observed. CONCLUSION: Opinions among pharmacists varied
across and within sites. While a majority of pharmacists would not establish
SEPs in their own pharmacies, nearly all would participate in other
HIV-prevention programs. Educational programs for pharmacists may be
valuable in HIV-prevention efforts.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
substance abuse
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health personnel attitude
human
information processing
medicolegal aspect
rural population
urban population
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12489616 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489616)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 826
TITLE
The legality of selling or giving syringes to injection drug users.
AUTHOR NAMES
Burris S.
Vernick J.S.
Ditzler A.
Strathdee S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Burris S.; Vernick J.S.; Ditzler A.; Strathdee S.) Temple University
Beasley School of Law, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Burris, Temple University Beasley School of Law, Philadelphia, PA 19122,
USA. Email: scott.burris@temple.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:6 Suppl 2 (S13-18). Date of Publication: 2002 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Laws limiting access to sterile syringes impede the public
health goal that injection drug users (IDUs) use a new, sterile syringe for
every injection to reduce blood-borne disease transmission. We sought to
determine the legality of selling or giving syringes to IDUs to prevent
disease. DESIGN: We used standard legal research methods to identify and
analyze laws and regulations influencing the distribution of syringes in the
50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
RESULTS: A total of 51 jurisdictions had drug paraphernalia laws; 14 had
syringe prescription laws or regulations; 11 required purchasers to show
identification; 13 had legislation authorizing syringe exchange programs
(SEPs). Since the beginning of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, 11
states have fully or partially deregulated syringe sales. Nonprescription
retail syringe sales to IDUs for disease prevention purposes are clearly
legal in 20 states, and have a reasonable claim to legality in 22 more.
Sales to IDUs with a prescription are clearly illegal in only 3
jurisdictions. SEPs can operate legally in at least 21 states. CONCLUSION:
Syringe access laws in most states may reasonably be interpreted to allow
pharmacists to sell syringes to IDUs to prevent disease. In practice,
however, unclear laws and pharmacist uncertainty as to their interpretation
may constitute continuing barriers to syringe access for IDUs. A
comprehensive public policy of ensuring syringe access for IDUs requires
eliminating legal barriers to the sale, possession, and disposal of
syringes, and educating pharmacists and law enforcement officials about the
legality and public health importance of sterile syringe access.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medicolegal aspect
substance abuse
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
pharmacist
preventive health service
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12489604 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489604)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 827
TITLE
Individual and structural influences shaping pharmacists' decisions to sell
syringes to injection drug users in Atlanta, Georgia.
AUTHOR NAMES
Taussig J.
Junge B.
Burris S.
Jones T.S.
Sterk C.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Taussig J.; Junge B.; Burris S.; Jones T.S.; Sterk C.E.) Georgia Department
of Corrections, Atlanta 30334, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Taussig, Georgia Department of Corrections, Atlanta 30334, USA. Email:
taussj00@dcor.state.ga.us
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:6 Suppl 2 (S40-45). Date of Publication: 2002 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To better understand the individual (e.g., attitudes and beliefs)
and structural (e.g., laws and regulations) factors that influence and shape
pharmacists' decisions about selling syringes to injection drug users
(IDUs). DESIGN: Qualitative research. SETTING: Metropolitan Atlanta.
PARICIPANTS: 20 practicing pharmacists who work in or near areas of high
drug use in Atlanta, and nine pharmacists who are considered leaders in
their profession in Georgia. INTERVENTIONS: Semistructured, in-depth
interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Individual and structural factors that
influence pharmacists' decisions about selling syringes to IDUs. RESULTS:
Pharmacists reported that they use their professional discretion in making
syringe sale decisions and that these decisions are influenced by
individuals factors such as their personal attitudes and beliefs about the
nature and causes of drug use, and by structural factors such as the Georgia
Board of Pharmacy regulation stating that syringes cannot be sold if they
will be used for an "unlawful purpose." CONCLUSIONS: IDUs' access to sterile
syringes from pharmacies in Atlanta, would likely be increased by (1)
providing practicing pharmacists with professional education programs that
describe the broad professional support for IDU access to sterile syringes
and why blood-borne infection prevention is a legitimate medical purpose for
selling syringes and (2) removing or modifying the restrictive Board of
Pharmacy regulation governing syringe sales.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
substance abuse
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
African American
article
health personnel attitude
human
interview
psychological aspect
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12489614 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489614)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 828
TITLE
Pharmacist support for selling syringes without a prescription to injection
drug users in Rhode Island.
AUTHOR NAMES
Rich J.D.
Martin E.G.
Macalino G.E.
Paul R.V.
McNamara S.
Taylor L.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Rich J.D.; Martin E.G.; Macalino G.E.; Paul R.V.; McNamara S.; Taylor L.E.)
Brown Medical School, and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
02906, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.D. Rich, Brown Medical School, and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode
Island 02906, USA. Email: jrich@lifespan.org
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:6 Suppl 2 (S58-61). Date of Publication: 2002 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine pharmacists' attitudes and obstacles to syringe sales
to IDUs without prescriptions in Rhode Island, around the time that such
sales became legal in the state. DESIGN: Self-administered written survey.
SETTING: Rhode Island. PARTICIPANTS: 400 randomly selected pharmacist
members of the Rhode Island Pharmacists Association. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Responses to survey items. RESULTS: Of the 400 pharmacists contacted, 131
(33%) completed and returned the survey; of these, 101 (77%) were
pharmacists who worked in stores that provided direct nonprescription
syringe sales to the public. The majority of these 101 pharmacists were
willing to sell syringes to a suspected IDU without a prescription (65%),
favored providing free sharps containers for disposal (68%), and supported
providing pamphlets on safer injection practices (88%). Willingness to sell
syringes to IDUs without a prescription was significantly correlated with
various beliefs about possible consequences of sales. CONCLUSION: The high
level of support for nonprescription syringe sales to IDUs is promising. The
correlation between the willingness to sell syringes to IDUs without a
prescription and various beliefs suggests that future educational
interventions might encourage pharmacists to sell syringes to this
population without a prescription to decrease HIV and hepatitis
transmission.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
substance abuse
syringe
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
female
health personnel attitude
human
information processing
male
middle aged
prescription
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12489617 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12489617)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 829
TITLE
Recovery from severe mental illness: An intrapersonal and functional outcome
definition
AUTHOR NAMES
Noordsy D.
Torrey W.
Mueser K.
Mead S.
O'Keefe C.
Fox L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Noordsy D., noordsy@dartmouth.edu; Torrey W.; Mueser K.; Mead S.; Fox L.)
New Hampshire-Dartmouth P. R. Ctr., Manchester, NH 03101, United States.
(Noordsy D., noordsy@dartmouth.edu; O'Keefe C.) MHCGM, 1555 Elm St.,
Manchester, NH 03101, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Noordsy, MHCGM, 1555 Elm St., Manchester, NH 03101, United States. Email:
noordsy@dartmouth.edu
SOURCE
International Review of Psychiatry (2002) 14:4 (318-326). Date of
Publication: Nov 2002
ISSN
0954-0261
ABSTRACT
To promote research and improved clinical practice, three criteria are
proposed to define recovery from severe mental illness: hope,
self-responsibility and 'getting on with life' beyond illness. Each of these
criteria can be measured at the intrapsychic-subjective,
interpersonal-behavioral, and environmental levels. The criteria were
identified through cumulative experiences of a decade of clinical services
research at the New Hampshire-Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center,
contributions from consumers and family advocates, and focus groups.
Measures of each criterion are proposed through the use of extant assessment
instruments such as the Beck Hopel Hopelessness Scale, Locus of Control
Questionnaire, instrumental and social role functioning scales, and
subjective ratings of quality of life. Collateral sources of information are
required to assure that the measures of the criteria for recovery are
reliable, accurate and valid. The criteria selected to define recovery have
already instigated the use of a broad array of tools to assess the course
and outcome of schizophrenia in research and clinical practice.
Concentrating on the importance of self-responsibility as a criterion should
have the spin-off benefit of encouraging psychiatrists to more actively
involve their clients in a collaborative enterprise for pharmacotherapy,
including education in disease management and shared decision-making. To
promote recovery using the three component definition will require
rehabilitation practitioners to provide services that should facilitate
clients managing and directing their own lives with greater autonomy.
Services that enable clients to develop the social and independent living
skills needed for community reintegration will engender hope,
self-responsibility, and the development of a functional person who has
recovered from a disabling mental disorder. Operationalizing recovery should
accelerate hypothesis-testing research on this construct, including
determining the attributes of treatment and rehabilitation services that are
associated with optimal states of recovery.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
schizophrenia (diagnosis, disease management, rehabilitation)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
case report
community care
consumer
convalescence
disease course
drug abuse
human
male
mental disease (diagnosis, disease management, rehabilitation)
mental health care
priority journal
psychosis (diagnosis, disease management, rehabilitation)
rating scale
responsibility
social support
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine (19)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002434478
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0954026021000016969
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 830
TITLE
Prevention and treatment of hepatitis C in injection drug users
AUTHOR NAMES
Edlin B.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Edlin B.R.) Urban Health Study, Univ. of California, San Francisco, 3180
18th St., San Francisco, CA 94110, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.R. Edlin, Urban Health Study, Univ. of California, San Francisco, 3180
18th St., San Francisco, CA 94110, United States. Email:
bredlin@itsa.ucsf.edu
SOURCE
Hepatology (2002) 36:5 I (S210-S219). Date of Publication: 1 Nov 2002
ISSN
0270-9139
BOOK PUBLISHER
John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, United
Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Injection drug users constitute the largest group of persons infected with
the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the United States, and most new infections
occur in drug users. Controlling hepatitis C in the U.S. population,
therefore, will require developing, testing, and implementing effective
prevention and treatment strategies for persons who inject drugs.
Fortunately, a substantial body of research and clinical experience exists
on the prevention and management of chronic viral diseases among injection
drug users. The need to implement interventions to stop the spread of HCV
among drug users is critical. The capacity of substance-use treatment
programs need to be expanded to accommodate all who want and need treatment.
Physicians and pharmacists should be educated in how to provide access to
sterile syringes and to teach safe injection techniques, both of which are
lifesaving interventions. The treatment of hepatitis C in drug users
requires an interdisciplinary approach that brings together expertise in
treating hepatitis and caring for drug users. Treatment decisions should be
made individually by patients with their physicians, based on a balanced
assessment of risks and benefits and the patient's personal values.
Physicians should carefully assess, monitor, and support adherence and
mental health in all patients, regardless of whether drug use is known or
suspected. Research is needed to better understand how best to prevent and
treat hepatitis C in substance users. In the meantime, substantial progress
can be made if existing knowledge and resources are brought to bear.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alpha interferon (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy)
interferon (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy)
ribavirin (adverse drug reaction, drug combination, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hepatitis C (epidemiology, etiology, prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcohol consumption
conference paper
depression (drug therapy, side effect)
disease course
drug efficacy
drug tolerability
human
instrument sterilization
medical decision making
mental disease (drug therapy, side effect)
patient compliance
patient counseling
patient education
practice guideline
priority journal
prison
public health service
reinfection
risk assessment
treatment indication
treatment outcome
treatment planning
United States
virus transmission
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
ribavirin (36791-04-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Gastroenterology (48)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002392154
MEDLINE PMID
12407596 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12407596)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2002.36809
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 831
TITLE
History and current status of opioid maintenance treatments: Blending
conference session
AUTHOR NAMES
Kreek M.J.
Vocci F.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kreek M.J.) Lab. of the Biol. of Addictive Dis., Rockefeller University,
Rockefeller University Hospital, New York, NY 10021, United States.
(Vocci F.J., fv6k@nih.gov) Div. of Treatm. Res. and Development, National
Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F.J. Vocci, Div. of Treatm. Res. and Development, National Institute on Drug
Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Email: fv6k@nih.gov
SOURCE
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (2002) 23:2 (93-105). Date of
Publication: September 2002
ISSN
0740-5472
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Opiate addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder. Left untreated, high
morbidity and mortality rates are seen. Pharmacotherapies for this disorder
using mu opiate agonists (methadone and levomethadyl acetate) and partial
agonists have been developed in the last 40 years. Agonist pharmacotherapy
with oral methadone for the treatment of opiate dependence was developed in
clinical pharmacology studies at Rockefeller University by Dole, Nyswander,
and Kreek. Further studies by this laboratory and others established that
moderate to high dose treatment with methadone (80-120 mg) reduced or
eliminated opiate use in outpatient settings with consequent reductions in
morbidity and up to 4-fold reductions in mortality. Levomethadyl acetate
(LAAM), a congener of methadone, is biotransformed to active metabolites
responsible for its longer duration of action. The Federal Regulations
regarding the dispensation of methadone and LAAM have recently been revised
to facilitate the treatment of patients under a "medical maintenance" model.
Future regulatory reform will likely involve the establishment of rules for
"office based opioid treatment." © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights
reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
buprenorphine
drug metabolite
levacetylmethadol (drug therapy)
methadone (drug therapy, oral drug administration)
naloxone
opiate agonist (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
biotransformation
conference paper
drug dependence treatment
human
maintenance therapy
morbidity
mortality
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
priority journal
recurrent disease
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Roxane
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
levacetylmethadol (34433-66-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2003057121
MEDLINE PMID
12220607 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12220607)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00259-3
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 832
TITLE
Recommendations for implementing effective substance abuse education in
pharmacy practice.
AUTHOR NAMES
Dole E.J.
Tommasello A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dole E.J.) Lovelace Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of New
Mexico Health and Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
(Tommasello A.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.J. Dole, Lovelace Health Systems, College of Pharmacy, University of New
Mexico Health and Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
SOURCE
Substance abuse : official publication of the Association for Medical
Education and Research in Substance Abuse (2002) 23:3 Suppl (263-271). Date
of Publication: Sep 2002
ISSN
0889-7077
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (diagnosis, rehabilitation)
alcoholism (diagnosis, rehabilitation)
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical competence
cooperation
curriculum
human
interdisciplinary communication
patient education
specialization
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
23581000 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23581000)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 833
TITLE
Toxicological screening for drugs of abuse in samples adulterated with
household chemicals
AUTHOR NAMES
Uebel R.A.
Wium C.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Uebel R.A.; Wium C.A.) Department of Pharmacology, University of
Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, W Cape, South Africa.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Uebel, Department of Pharmacology, University of Stellenbosch,
Tygerberg, W Cape, South Africa.
SOURCE
South African Medical Journal (2002) 92:7 (547-549). Date of Publication:
2002
ISSN
0038-2469
BOOK PUBLISHER
South African Medical Association, Private Bag X1, Pinelands, South Africa.
ABSTRACT
Objectives. Urine samples that tested positive for two drugs of abuse,
namely cannabis and methaqualone, were reassayed in the presence or absence
of common household chemicals: Jik (sodium hypochlorite), Dettol
(chloroxylenol), G-cide Plus (glutaraldehyde), Perle Hand Soap, ethanol,
isopropanol and peroxide (20 volumes). These chemicals are frequently used
for the adulteration of urine samples. Setting. Department of Pharmacology,
University of Stellenbosch. Methods. Household chemicals, at three different
concentrations, were added to urine samples that tested positive for
methaqualone and cannabis. Samples were re-analysed on an ETS Plus Analyser
(Syva company, San Jose, Ca.) using Emit drugs-of-abuse urine test reagents.
Results. Most of the chemicals tested influenced the outcome of positive
toxicological screening results for these drugs. G-cide (glutaraldehyde) and
Perle Hand Soap had the largest effect (false-negative) on the methaqualone
test. Dettol (chloroxylenol) and Perle Hand Soap had the largest effect on
the cannabis test. Higher concentrations of the adulterant were not always
an indication of the extent of modification of the test result. The addition
of certain chemicals (ethanol, isopropanol and peroxide) to the urine
samples tested for methaqualone interfered with the test to such an extent
that it gave invalid test results.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cannabis
domestic chemical
methaqualone
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2 propanol
alcohol
chloroxylenol
glutaraldehyde
hypochlorite sodium
peroxide
soap
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
toxicity testing
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
concentration (parameters)
controlled study
human
South Africa
university
urinalysis
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2 propanol (67-63-0)
alcohol (64-17-5)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
chloroxylenol (1321-23-9, 88-04-0)
glutaraldehyde (111-30-8, 37245-61-7)
hypochlorite sodium (7681-52-9)
methaqualone (340-56-7, 72-44-6, 8056-67-5)
peroxide (14915-07-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002298722
MEDLINE PMID
12197198 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12197198)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 834
TITLE
Moss unveils Dundee pharmacy with focus on delivering health promotion
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2002) 269:7212 (240). Date of Publication: 24 Aug
2002
ISSN
0031-6873
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
blood glucose monitoring
blood pressure monitoring
computer
consultation
diagnostic test
drug dependence
financial management
health care need
health care personnel
health service
medical information
national health service
note
pharmacist
privacy
public health service
smoking cessation
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002317927
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 835
TITLE
The general public's perceptions and use of antimicrobials in Trinidad and
Tobago
AUTHOR NAMES
Parimi N.
Pinto Pereira L.M.
Prabhakar P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Parimi N.) Bishop Anstey High School, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
(Pinto Pereira L.M.) University of the West Indies, Faculty of Medical
Sciences, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, St. Augustine, Trinidad and
Tobago.
(Prabhakar P.) Caribbean Epidemiology Center, Pan American Health
Organization, World Health Organization, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.M. Pinto Pereira, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West
Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago. Email: lexleyp@hotmail.com
SOURCE
Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica/Pan American Journal of Public Health
(2002) 12:1 (11-18). Date of Publication: 2002
ISSN
1020-4989
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pan American Health Organization, 525 Twenty-Third Street NW, Washington,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To determine the general public's perceptions and use of
antibiotics in Trinidad and Tobago, a two-island republic in the Caribbean.
Methods. This prospective study surveyed 824 randomly selected households
listed in the telephone directory, from November 1998 to January 1999.
Through telephone interviews we determined knowledge about antibiotics and
beliefs concerning their safety and efficacy. We studied the influence of
age, gender, education, and having private health insurance on knowledge,
self-medication, storing medication at home for emergency use ("hoarding"),
and asking a private doctor to prescribe antibiotics ("demand prescribing").
Results. For the 824 telephone calls that the interviewers completed, 753 of
the households agreed to participate (91.4% response rate). Of those 753
participants, 699 of them (93%) knew the term "antibiotic," 29% (206/699)
said it was a drug for bacterial infections, and 25% (170/690) had asked a
doctor for an antibiotic prescription. Penicillin was correctly identified
as an antibiotic across age, gender, and education categories, but 36% of
respondents incorrectly said Benadryl (diphenhydramine), a common
over-the-counter cough and cold formulation, was an antibiotic. Gender was
not significantly associated with knowledge of antibiotic safety, with
self-medication, or with hoarding antibiotics. On the other hand, completion
of tertiary (university) education was significantly associated with correct
knowledge of the safety of antibiotics and whether or not they could cure
all infections. Of the various antimicrobials, beta-lactams were the ones
that survey respondents had used most frequently in the preceding year, and
20% of antibiotics users had used multiple antibiotics in that period. In
comparison to persons with private health insurance, more individuals
without private health insurance said that antibiotics are safe and do not
have side effects, and more of them also incorrectly called aspirin and
Benadryl antibiotics. Conclusions. In Trinidad and Tobago, inappropriate use
of antimicrobials results from self-medication, over-the-counter
availability at the community pharmacy, prescribing on demand, and lack of
regulatory control. In order to contain antibiotic abuse, both the Drug
Inspectorate of the Ministry of Health and the Pharmacy Board should exert
stricter control on the dispensing of antibiotics at private pharmacies.
Further, education of the general public and of health care professionals on
antibiotic misuse and appropriate use must be instituted, along with
community-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance trends.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiinfective agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid
beta lactam antibiotic
diphenhydramine
penicillin derivative
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antimicrobial therapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
bacterial infection
drug safety
female
human
interview
major clinical study
male
perception
prescription
private health insurance
self medication
Trinidad and Tobago
DRUG TRADE NAMES
benadryl
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002280756
MEDLINE PMID
12202020 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12202020)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 836
TITLE
Pharmacokinetics of histamine dihydrochloride in healthy volunteers and
cancer patients: Implications for combined immunotherapy with interleukin-2
AUTHOR NAMES
Middleton M.
Sarno M.
Agarwala S.S.
Glaspy J.
Laurent A.
McMasters K.
Naredi P.
O'Day S.
Whitman E.
Danson S.
Cosford R.
Gehlsen K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Middleton M.; Danson S.) Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
(Sarno M.) Vision Biotechnology Consulting, Encinitas, CA, United States.
(Agarwala S.S.) University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA,
United States.
(Glaspy J.) University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
(Laurent A.) PPD Development, Austin, TX, United States.
(McMasters K.) University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.
(Naredi P.) Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden.
(O'Day S.) John Wayne Cancer Center, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
(Whitman E.) Melanoma Center of St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
(Cosford R.; Gehlsen K.) Maxim Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, United
States.
(Gehlsen K.) Maxim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8899 University Center Lane, San
Diego, CA 92122, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K. Gehlsen, Maxim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8899 University Center Lane, San
Diego, CA 92122, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2002) 42:7 (774-781). Date of Publication:
2002
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Recent clinical trials in melanoma and leukemia have demonstrated potential
for increased survival time and improved remission when histamine
dihydrochloride is added to cytokine monotherapy. In the present study, the
pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous histamine (1 mg) in 21 healthy subjects and
12 melanoma patients was determined via model-dependent methods. Drug-drug
interactions with subcutaneous interleukin-2 (1.1 mg) were evaluated in a
combined cohort of patients with melanoma (n = 8) or renal cell carcinoma (n
= 4), Histamine dihydrochloride administered over 10 minutes in healthy
subjects peaked at 18 minutes (C(max) 38 nmol/L), attained a distribution
volume of 59 L, and was eliminated at 6%/min. The results were similar in a
20-minute infusion in melanoma patients. No gender effects were observed (p
> 0.05). Interleukin-2 injected either 10 minutes prior to or 10 minutes
following histamine dihydrochloride had no effect on histamine kinetics.
Histamine dihydrochloride administered 10 minutes prior to injection of
interleukin-2 also had no effect on interleukin-2 kinetics. Maximal
concentration of interleukin-2 (2,442 pg/ml) occurred at 2.5 hours with an
elimination half-life of 1.7 hours, area under the curve (AUC) of 15,746
pg·h/ml, and volume of distribution and plasma clearance of 194 L and 74
L/h, respectively. However, interleukin-2 C(max) (1,758 pg/ml) and AUC
(12,448 pg·h/ml) were reduced when histamine dihydrochloride was infused 10
minutes following interleukin-2, likely due to the pharmacodynamic effects
of histamine, including increased heart rate and reduced blood pressure. It
is concluded that histamine dihydrochloride and interleukin-2 can be safely
coadministered with minimal interaction. © 2002 the American College of
Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
histamine (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug administration, drug
combination, drug comparison, drug concentration, drug dose, drug
interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
interleukin 2 (clinical trial, drug administration, drug combination, drug
comparison, drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, subcutaneous drug
administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cancer immunotherapy
kidney carcinoma (drug therapy)
melanoma (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
area under the curve
article
blood pressure
cancer patient
clinical article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
drug efficacy
drug half life
drug induced disease (side effect)
drug safety
headache (side effect)
heart rate
human
phase 2 clinical trial
phase 3 clinical trial
vasodilatation
DRUG TRADE NAMES
ceplene
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
histamine (51-45-6, 56-92-8, 93443-21-1)
interleukin 2 (85898-30-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cancer (16)
Immunology, Serology and Transplantation (26)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002221507
MEDLINE PMID
12092744 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12092744)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009127002401102713
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 837
TITLE
Teaching rational prescribing: A new clinical pharmacology curriculum for
medical schools
AUTHOR NAMES
Flockhart D.A.
Yasuda S.U.
Pezzullo J.C.
Knollmann B.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Flockhart D.A.; Yasuda S.U.; Pezzullo J.C.; Knollmann B.C.) Division of
Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of
Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
(Flockhart D.A.; Yasuda S.U.; Pezzullo J.C.; Knollmann B.C.) Division of
Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University
School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.
(Flockhart D.A.; Yasuda S.U.; Pezzullo J.C.; Knollmann B.C.) Division of
Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Pharmacology and Biostatistics,
Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.
(Flockhart D.A.; Yasuda S.U.; Pezzullo J.C.; Knollmann B.C.) Division of
Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Georgetown
University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington, DC 20007,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B.C. Knollmann, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Departments of Medicine,
Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, N.W., Washington,
DC 20007, United States. Email: knollmb@georgtown.edu
SOURCE
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (2002) 366:1 (33-43). Date of
Publication: 2002
ISSN
0028-1298
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
In most U.S. and Canadian medical schools, pharmacology is taught during the
preclinical year 2 of the 4-year-long curriculum. This is despite the fact
that medical school graduates and residency directors have identified
teaching rational therapeutics as a priority. Hence, we have developed a
core curriculum in clinical pharmacology for 4th-year medical students that
builds on the core principles of rational therapeutics described by
Nierenberg 10 years ago (Nierenberg, DW. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1990;
48:606-610). Here we report on our 3-year experience teaching this course,
which addresses the following teaching objectives: to teach medical students
on how to (1) critically evaluate medications; (2) obtain a complete
medication history including herbal and over-the-counter medications; (3)
apply pharmacokinetic principles to clinical practice; (4) recognize and
report adverse drug events and interactions; (5) optimize pain management;
(6) recognize and treat substance abuse and poisoning; and (7) prescribe
rationally regardless of prescribing environment. Student assessment was in
the form of multiple-choice and formative oral examinations, which were
validated against the clinical part of the U.S. medical licensing
examination. The course significantly increased the student rating of
clinical pharmacology teaching measured by a national survey of U.S. medical
school graduates. We conclude that this course may be useful for teaching
rational prescribing to medical students. With the guidance and educational
material provided by this article, a successful implementation of such a
course should be possible in most medical schools.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
herbaceous agent
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical practice
controlled study
curriculum
drug intoxication
examination
human
licensing
medical school
medical student
substance abuse
teaching
validation process
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002215507
MEDLINE PMID
12107631 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12107631)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-002-0559-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 838
TITLE
Learning adverse drug effects from judicial precedents
AUTHOR NAMES
Nakaki T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nakaki T.) Department of Pharmacology, Teikyo University School of
Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Nakaki, Department of Pharmacology, Teikyo University School of Medicine,
2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi Ward, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. Email:
nakaki@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
SOURCE
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology (2002) 366:1 (30-32). Date of
Publication: 2002
ISSN
0028-1298
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
In order to help students to become familiar with the official web site on
drug safety information in Japan, a short course, in which they actively
learn the adverse effects of drugs, has been introduced in our pharmacology
curriculum. Each student was allotted a personal computer that was connected
to the internet, and was informed of the URL
(www.pharmasys.gr.jp/homepage.html) where they were able to search for
pertinent essential information on drugs and to report adverse events to the
official concerned organization. There were three students to a group, each
of which was provided with a judicial precedent. Each judicial case record
was deliberately truncated after the section where the physician committed
misuse of drugs, so that the students had freedom to imagine the rest of the
story. Each group was asked to summarize the case, to speculate on the
prognosis and to point out the inappropriate use of drugs. Most groups
predicted the outcome optimistically at first, but as they scrutinized the
cases, they became aware of serious mistakes that the physicians had
committed in patient care. The results suggest that the internet is a
powerful tool for gleaning drug information and reporting adverse effects.
Judicial precedents provide an excellent teaching material for giving
students an incentive to access web sites that are essential for healthcare
professionals.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
learning
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled study
criminal law
curriculum
drug information
drug misuse
drug safety
drug use
health care organization
health care personnel
human
Internet
malpractice
medical student
microcomputer
patient care
physician
prognosis
teaching
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002215506
MEDLINE PMID
12107630 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12107630)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-002-0547-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 839
TITLE
Clinical pharmacology of antimicrobial use in humans and animals
AUTHOR NAMES
Lathers C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lathers C.M.) Center of Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, Rockville, MD, United States.
(Lathers C.M.) Center of Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, Rockville, MD 20855, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.M. Lathers, Center of Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug
Administration, Rockville, MD 20855, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2002) 42:6 (587-600). Date of Publication:
2002
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Veterinary public health is a frontier in the fight against human disease,
charged to control and eradicate zoonotic diseases that are naturally
transmitted between vertebrate animals and man. Currently there is a need
for clinical pharmacologists and all health care givers to limit the
development of bacterial resistance in humans to contain the increased
health care expenditures related to morbidity and mortality associated with
the use of antimicrobials. The development of resistance predates the use of
antibiotics and will always be a problem to the successful treatment of
patients. Ongoing discussion debates the extent to which antibiotic use in
animals contributes to the development of antibiotic resistance in humans.
The veterinary use of antibiotics as antimicrobial growth promoters is
thought to influence the prevalence of resistance in animal bacteria and to
be a risk factor for the emergence of antibiotic resistance in human
pathogens. Transfer of antibiotic resistant bacteria from animals to humans
may occur via contact, including occupational exposure and via the food
chain. Resistance genes may transfer from bacteria of animals to human
pathogens in the intestinal flora of humans. Prevention of the development
of resistance in humans necessitates good animal husbandry and hygienic
measures to prevent cross contamination and a decrease in the use of
antibiotics. Appropriate use of antibiotics for food animals will preserve
the long-term efficacy of existing antibiotics, support animal health and
welfare, and limit the risk of transfer of antibiotic resistance to humans.
Investigators must also develop new antimicrobial agents. Poole (J Pharmacy
Pharmacol 2001;53:283) recommends targeting the three predominate mechanisms
of development of resistance by antimicrobials (i.e., antibiotic
inactivation, target site modification, and altered uptake via restricted
entry and/or enhanced efflux) to specifically complement the development of
novel agents with novel bacterial targets. Bacterial resistance and its
selection may be evaluated by comparing the relationship to antibiotic
pharmacokinetic (PK) values obtained from serum concentrations and organism
MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations; concentrationdependent killing) to
reveal culture and sensitivity tests in patients. Pharmacodynamic (PD)
models may be developed to identify factors associated with the probability
that bacterial resistance will develop. Thomas et al (Antimicrobial Agents
Chemotherapy 1998;42:521) used this combined approach of PK/PD and MICs to
examine data retrospectively. The role of clinical pharmacology is to work
with PK/PD models such as these to determine the best use of antibiotics in
humans to minimize the development of resistance. The role of any regulatory
body responsible for the protection of the public health and food safety for
consumers is to assess risk and to then communicate and manage the risk.
Scientific uncertainty must be interpreted to propose sound policy options.
The conversion of sound science into an appropriate regulatory policy to
protect the public health is most important. ©2002 the American College of
Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiinfective agent (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
avilamycin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
avoparcin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
dalfopristin plus quinupristin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology)
erythromycin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
gentamicin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
vancomycin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
virginiamycin (drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bacterial infection (drug resistance, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal husbandry
antibiotic resistance
antibiotic therapy
bacterium contamination
drug inactivation
drug misuse
drug uptake
food chain
food safety
human
infection control
kitchen
minimum inhibitory concentration
nonhuman
occupational exposure
pisciculture
policy
review
risk factor
risk management
veterinary medicine
zoonosis
DRUG TRADE NAMES
synercid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
avilamycin (11051-71-1, 69787-79-7, 69787-80-0)
avoparcin (37332-99-3)
dalfopristin plus quinupristin (126602-89-9)
erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4)
gentamicin (1392-48-9, 1403-66-3, 1405-41-0)
vancomycin (1404-90-6, 1404-93-9)
virginiamycin (11006-76-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002186627
MEDLINE PMID
12043947 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12043947)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00970002042006001
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 840
TITLE
MDMA ('ecstasy') and other 'club drugs': The new epidemic
AUTHOR NAMES
Koesters S.C.
Rogers P.D.
Rajasingham C.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Koesters S.C.; Rogers P.D.; Rajasingham C.R.) Department of Adolescent
Medicine, Columbus Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH
43205, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.D. Rogers, Department of Adolescent Medicine, Columbus Children's
Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States.
SOURCE
Pediatric Clinics of North America (2002) 49:2 (415-433). Date of
Publication: 2002
ISSN
0031-3955
BOOK PUBLISHER
W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
Unfortunately, perceptions that the club drugs can be safe endure. Some
groups, such as the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Study,
continue to lobby for the legalization of MDMA for research purposes [76].
DanceSafe is an organization that seeks to educate the "nonaddicted" user to
decrease the risks [82]. The DanceSafe Web site offers tips on the safe use
of MDMA, such as attention to hydration status and ambient temperature. It
also offers free testing of tablets submitted by mail and sells home testing
kits to determine the content of pills sold as "ecstasy." Although much
remains unknown about the long-term consequences of MDMA and the club drugs,
there are clearly enough short-term dangers to prompt more aggressive
education and surveillance for its use. Scare tactics and exaggerations
often are ignored [53], while Web sites full of anecdotal or incomplete
information may lead the unaware user to increased use [113]. Organizations
such as DanceSafe imply that proper education decreases addiction and that
only uneducated users or addicts suffer the life-altering consequences of
drug use. The fallacy in the mission of educating "nonaddicted" users is
evident. Peer-based education, with a focus on both he short-term dangers
and long-term consequences, may be a more effective approach [9]. Both new
and established drugs of abuse continue to plague teens and young adults.
Pediatric, family practice, and Med-Peds physicians, and pediatric
pharmacologists need to remain vigilant about patterns and trends of drug
abuse. MDMA and the other "club drugs" are not benign. Their effects target
the brain, alter neurochemistry, and possibly cause irreversible structural
damage. What may seem like a harmless drug in a weekend dance club has the
potential for major public health problems in years to come [109]. Effective
education and timely intervention may prevent these addictive drugs from
becoming a way of life, a lifestyle that may have a literal "dead end".
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (drug administration, drug toxicity,
inhalational drug administration, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics,
pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3,4 methylenedioxyamphetamine
4 hydroxybutyric acid (drug dose, drug toxicity, pharmacoeconomics,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
acetylsalicylic acid
benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
caffeine
calcium channel blocking agent (drug therapy)
cannabis
dextromethorphan
ephedrine
flumazenil (drug therapy)
ketamine (drug dose, drug toxicity, intramuscular drug administration, oral
drug administration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, subcutaneous drug
administration)
methamphetamine
methylenedioxyethylamphetamine
naloxone (drug therapy)
paracetamol (drug therapy)
phencyclidine
physostigmine (drug therapy, intravenous drug administration)
pseudoephedrine
sedative agent (drug therapy)
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence (epidemiology, therapy)
epidemic
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
child behavior
cooling
drug abuse
drug effect
drug formulation
drug intoxication (drug therapy, therapy)
drug mechanism
drug metabolism
epidemiological data
human
hydration
injection
lifestyle
neurotoxicity
patient education
review
tablet
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3,4 methylenedioxyamphetamine (4764-17-4)
3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (42542-10-9)
4 hydroxybutyric acid (591-81-1)
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
caffeine (58-08-2)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
ephedrine (299-42-3, 50-98-6)
flumazenil (78755-81-4)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1)
physostigmine (57-47-6, 64-47-1)
pseudoephedrine (345-78-8, 7460-12-0, 90-82-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002153642
MEDLINE PMID
11993291 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11993291)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-3955(01)00012-8
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 841
TITLE
Social factors associated with pharmacists' unauthorized use of
mind-altering prescription medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Hollinger R.C.
Dabney D.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hollinger R.C.; Dabney D.A.) Department of Sociology, University of
Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.C. Hollinger, Department of Sociology, University of Florida, Gainesville,
FL, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Drug Issues (2002) 32:1 (231-264). Date of Publication: 2002
ISSN
0022-0426
ABSTRACT
A "medical model" ideology dominates the study of drug abuse among health
care professionals. This perspective defines and approaches drug abuse as a
disease. While this disease is said to have bio-psycho-social origins,
scholars have principally focused on possible biological and psychological
factors that produce a "predisposition" drug abuse. Pertinent social factors
have been largely overlooked. Drawing upon the membership list (N=50,000+)
of the American Pharmaceutical Association, a random sample of 2,036
practicing pharmacists were queried to investigate the relationship between
pharmacists' educational, occupational, and professional socialization and
their involvement in illicit prescription drug use. A total of 1,016(50.2%)
questionnaires were returned. The data show that 40.1% of the respondents
self-reported illegally using some form of potentially addictive,
mind-altering prescription drug. Further, 21% reported 5 or more lifetime
use episodes and 6.6% reported more than 10. Multivariate analysis reveals
significant relationships between numerous social factors and pharmacists'
levels of self reported drug use. The existence of these relationships
raises the possibility that certain aspects of the professional
socialization process may also play a role in the etiology of
pharmacists'drug abuse. We conclude that there exists a need to revisit
current theoretical and policy approaches to this social problem.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
pharmacist
prescription
social aspect
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
disease predisposition
drug use
education
health care personnel
human
professional practice
review
self report
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002163665
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 842
TITLE
Buprenorphine and addiction: challenges for the pharmacist.
AUTHOR NAMES
Boatwright D.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Boatwright D.E.) San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Calif, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.E. Boatwright, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Calif, USA.
Email: deborah.boatwright@mail.va.gov
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:3 (432-438). Date of Publication: 2002 May-Jun
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present an analysis of the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of
2000 (DATA) and its impact on the practice of pharmacy. DATA SOURCES:
Statutes, codes, regulations, newspaper articles, journal articles; search
of articles posted on MEDLINE identified using the search terms methadone,
buprenorphine, treatment, opioid abuse, and opioid addiction. STUDY
SELECTION: Not applicable. DATA EXTRACTION: Not applicable. DATA SYNTHESIS:
DATA and Food and Drug Administration approval of sublingual tablets of
buprenorphine and buprenorphine with naloxone (Reckitt and Benckiser) will
dramatically expand opioid addicts' access to treatment and increase the
number of opioid addicts receiving prescriptions for buprenorphine and
buprenorphine with naloxone. The availability of buprenorphine will pose
unique challenges to pharmacists and suggests the need for education on
addiction and greater awareness of the unique needs of patients recovering
from addiction. CONCLUSION: The stage is being set to expand access to
treatment and reach more untreated opioid addicts in the United States.
Professional organizations such as the American Pharmaceutical Association
should work with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and its
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration to develop
training materials, curricula, and guidelines for pharmacists on substance
abuse with a special focus on outpatient opioid treatment. Such materials
could be used in continuing education programs and materials and in pharmacy
schools.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine (drug therapy)
narcotic analgesic agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
naloxone (drug therapy)
narcotic antagonist (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug legislation
opiate addiction (rehabilitation)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
counseling
human
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12030630 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12030630)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 843
TITLE
Establishing an on-site pharmacy in a community health center to help
indigent patients access medications and to improve care.
AUTHOR NAMES
Dent L.A.
Stratton T.P.
Cochran G.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dent L.A.; Stratton T.P.; Cochran G.A.) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, University of Montana,
Missoula 59812-1522, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.A. Dent, Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Allied
Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula 59812-1522, USA. Email:
ldent@selway.umt.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:3 (497-507). Date of Publication: 2002 May-Jun
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the establishment of an on-site pharmacy in a
community health center (CHC) to improve access to medications for indigent
patients, the implementation of pharmaceutical care programs and clinical
pharmacy services to improve patient care and therapeutic outcomes, and the
development of an ambulatory care site for training pharmacy students.
SETTING: Partnership Health Center (PHC), a federally funded CHC in
Missoula, Mont. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: Establishment of an on-site pharmacy
and strategies for accessing medications for indigent patients, including
participation in the U.S. Public Health Service pricing program,
pharmaceutical manufacturers' assistance programs, and drug sampling, are
described. The clinical pharmacy, disease management, and pharmaceutical
care programs developed at the site to improve medication use and
therapeutic outcomes are discussed. Development of an ambulatory care
clerkship site at the CHC for training University of Montana pharmacy
students is reviewed. PRACTICE INNOVATION: Partnership between PHC and the
University of Montana School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences (SPAHS)
to establish an on-site pharmacy to help medically indigent patients access
medications and to improve care. INTERVENTIONS: Programs to help indigent
patients access, adhere, and appropriately use needed medications while
decreasing clinic expenditures for medications. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Number of prescriptions dispensed per month, clinic expenditures on
medications per month, and number of clinical services and pharmaceutical
care programs developed. RESULTS: Between November 1, 1999, and April 30,
2000, the average number of prescriptions filled for PHC clients increased
from 219/month to 838/month and the average expenditure per prescription
decreased from $16.55/month to $0.51/month. A pharmacist-assisted refill
program was implemented. Programs in diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia,
asthma, anticoagulation, and peptic ulcer disease were developed.
CONCLUSION: Establishing an on-site pharmacy in a CHC in collaboration with
a school of pharmacy significantly improved indigent patients' access to
medications while decreasing clinic expenditures. Pharmaceutical care
programs improved therapeutic outcomes, and clinical pharmacy services
complemented the clinical activities of other health care providers in
managing chronic diseases and resolving drug-related problems. The CHC
provided an excellent setting for training pharmacy students in ambulatory
care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community care
health care delivery
health center
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug industry
economics
organization and management
public health service
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
12030637 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12030637)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 844
TITLE
Development and implementation of a smoking cessation clinic in community
pharmacy practice.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kennedy D.T.
Small R.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kennedy D.T.; Small R.E.) Pulmonary Research, Group Practice Clinics,
Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Va 23248,
USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.T. Kennedy, Pulmonary Research, Group Practice Clinics, Hunter Holmes
McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Va 23248, USA. Email:
daniel.kennedy2@med.va.gov
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:1 (83-92). Date of Publication: 2002 Jan-Feb
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe a pharmacist-operated program to help people stop
smoking. SETTING: Community chain (mass-merchandise) pharmacy practice sites
in Virginia. PARTICIPANTS: Faculty at the Virginia Commonwealth University
School of Pharmacy (VCU) and 15 practicing pharmacists. PRACTICE
DESCRIPTION: Smoking cessation clinics within the pharmacy departments of
seven Target stores. PRACTICE INNOVATION: With input from the practicing
pharmacists and using the most current strategies reported in the
literature, faculty at VCU developed a training manual for smoking cessation
counseling. This manual was used to facilitate a 4-hour training session and
also served as a resource for pharmacists in the smoking cessation clinics.
Pharmacists were taught about behavioral modifications, the Transtheoretical
Model of Change as applied to smoking cessation, documentation, the
Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, smoking cessation therapies,
patient counseling techniques, physical assessment skills, and how to
develop an individualized action plan for smoking cessation. As pharmacists
established smoking cessation clinics, issues such as workflow, continuous
quality improvement, and marketing were addressed by the faculty members and
practitioners. RESULTS: Using the process and tools described in this
article, pharmacists successfully established and operated smoking cessation
clinics. CONCLUSION: The process and materials developed for this
demonstration project can serve as templates for other pharmacy faculty
members and community pharmacists who wish to offer smoking cessation
clinics.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
counseling
health care quality
human
human relation
methodology
organization and management
program development
theoretical model
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11833523 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11833523)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 845
TITLE
Results of a smoking cessation clinic in community pharmacy practice.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kennedy D.T.
Giles J.T.
Chang Z.G.
Small R.E.
Edwards J.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kennedy D.T.; Giles J.T.; Chang Z.G.; Small R.E.; Edwards J.H.) Pulmonary
Research, Group Practice Clinics, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Richmond, Va 23248, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.T. Kennedy, Pulmonary Research, Group Practice Clinics, Hunter Holmes
McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Va 23248, USA. Email:
Daniel.Kennedy2@med.va.gov
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2002) 42:1 (51-56). Date of Publication: 2002 Jan-Feb
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe and assess the effectiveness of a smoking cessation
clinic. DESIGN: Single group, unblinded study. SETTING: Seven chain
(mass-merchandise) community pharmacies in Virginia. PARTICIPANTS:
Forty-eight patients who were smokers when admitted to the study.
INTERVENTIONS: Fifteen community chain pharmacists were trained using a
smoking cessation training manual developed at the Virginia Commonwealth
University School of Pharmacy. From April 1, 1997, through December 31,
1999, interested patients met individually with a study pharmacist during
scheduled clinic times in semiprivate counseling areas. A patient chart was
maintained at the site and updated after each visit. The first 30 patients
completed a questionnaire after the third visit to the smoking cessation
clinic to assess satisfaction with pharmacists and the overall program. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURE: Rate of long-term smoking cessation. RESULTS: Of the 48
patients, 12 (25.0%) abstained from smoking cigarettes for 12 months or more
beyond their predetermined quit dates. Abstinence rates for 1, 3, and 6
months were 43.8%, 31.3%, and 25.0%, respectively. Women were nearly five
times more successful in attaining long-term abstinence than were men (33.3%
versus 6.7%; P= .047). No significant differences were observed in cessation
rates related to age, number of cigarettes smoked per day, level of nicotine
dependence, number of previous quit attempts, or method of cessation.
Increased appetite and weight gain were the most frequently reported
withdrawal symptoms (16.7% of patients). Patients expressed satisfaction
with the pharmacists and the smoking cessation program. CONCLUSION: Compared
with other types of previously reported interventions, a community
pharmacist-managed smoking cessation clinic achieved greater long-term
smoking cessation rates.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
chi square distribution
female
human
human relation
male
methodology
middle aged
organization and management
patient satisfaction
treatment outcome
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11833517 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11833517)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 846
TITLE
Psychopharmacological treatment and psychiatric morbidity in 390 cases of
suicide with special focus on affective disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Andersen U.A.
Andersen M.
Rosholm J.U.
Gram L.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Andersen U.A.; Andersen M.; Rosholm J.U.; Gram L.F.) Institute of Public
Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
(Andersen U.A.) Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark,
Odense, Winsløwparken 19, Odense C, Denmark.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
U.A. Andersen, Institute of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology, University
of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, Odense C, Denmark.
SOURCE
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (2001) 104:6 (458-465). Date of Publication:
2001
ISSN
0001-690X
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was, on the basis of data from health-care
registers, to describe the adequacy of psychopharmacological treatment in
suicides. Method: Data on consecutive suicides in a Danish County (Funen) in
the period of 1 April 1991-31 December 1995 were identified in the Danish
Psychiatric Central Register, the National Patient Register, the National
Health Insurance and Odense University Pharmacoepidemiological Database.
Results: Twenty-five per cent of the suicides previously hospitalized due to
affective disorders and 3% of the suicides without psychiatric
hospitalizations at all, received an apparently adequate treatment with
antidepressants the month before suicide. Conclusion: The most striking
finding was the insufficiency of treatment with antidepressants in the group
of suicides without psychiatric hospitalization, in particular in light of
the fact that depression is assumed to be present in at least 50% of all
suicides.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
anticonvulsive agent (drug therapy)
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
antiparkinson agent (drug therapy)
anxiolytic agent (drug therapy)
carbasalate calcium (drug therapy)
cardiovascular agent
cholinergic receptor blocking agent (drug therapy)
codeine
disulfiram (drug therapy)
hypnotic agent (drug therapy)
lithium (drug therapy)
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy)
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
affective neurosis (drug therapy, therapy)
depression (drug therapy, therapy)
psychopharmacotherapy
suicide (complication, epidemiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
alcoholism (drug therapy)
article
controlled study
Denmark
disease association
drug dependence
drug efficacy
drug utilization
female
hospitalization
human
major clinical study
male
morbidity
opiate addiction
pharmacoepidemiology
priority journal
register
treatment outcome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
carbasalate calcium (3063-60-3, 5749-67-7)
codeine (76-57-3)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
lithium (7439-93-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001441129
MEDLINE PMID
11782239 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11782239)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00191.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 847
TITLE
Benefits and risks of self medication
AUTHOR NAMES
Hughes C.M.
McElnay J.C.
Fleming G.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hughes C.M.; McElnay J.C.; Fleming G.F.) School of Pharmacy, Queen's
University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
(McElnay J.C.) School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn
Road, Belfast, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.C. McElnay, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road,
Belfast BT9 7BL, Ireland.
SOURCE
Drug Safety (2001) 24:14 (1027-1037). Date of Publication: 2001
ISSN
0114-5916
BOOK PUBLISHER
Adis International Ltd, 41 Centorian Drive, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay,
Auckland 10, New Zealand.
ABSTRACT
Self medication is becoming an increasingly important area within
healthcare. It moves patients towards greater independence in making
decisions about management of minor illnesses, thereby promoting
empowerment. Self medication also has advantages for healthcare systems as
it facilitates better use of clinical skills, increases access to medication
and may contribute to reducing prescribed drug costs associated with
publicly funded health programmes. However, self medication is associated
with risks such as misdiagnosis, use of excessive drug dosage, prolonged
duration of use, drug interactions and polypharmacy. The latter may be
particularly problematic in the elderly. Monitoring systems, a partnership
between patients, physicians and pharmacists and the provision of education
and information to all concerned on safe self medication, are proposed
strategies for maximising benefit and minimising risk.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
aciclovir (topical drug administration)
antihistaminic agent
carbamazepine (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
cimetidine (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, oral drug
administration)
clotrimazole (topical drug administration)
famotidine (oral drug administration)
fluconazole (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction, oral drug
administration)
ibuprofen (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
ketoconazole (topical drug administration)
laxative
levonorgestrel (oral drug administration)
lithium (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
methotrexate (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
miconazole (topical drug administration)
minoxidil (topical drug administration)
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
naproxen (oral drug administration)
opiate
phenylephrine (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
phenytoin (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
pimozide (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
ranitidine (oral drug administration)
simvastatin (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
sulfonylurea derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
theophylline derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
unindexed drug
valproic acid (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
warfarin (adverse drug reaction, drug interaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
self medication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
bleeding (side effect)
diagnostic error
drug abuse
health care
health care access
health care system
heart ventricle arrhythmia (side effect)
human
hypertension (side effect)
hypoglycemia (side effect)
medical decision making
myopathy (side effect)
polypharmacy
priority journal
review
risk
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
aciclovir (59277-89-3)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2)
clotrimazole (23593-75-1)
famotidine (76824-35-6)
fluconazole (86386-73-4)
ibuprofen (15687-27-1)
ketoconazole (65277-42-1)
levonorgestrel (797-63-7)
lithium (7439-93-2)
methotrexate (15475-56-6, 59-05-2, 7413-34-5)
miconazole (22916-47-8)
minoxidil (38304-91-5)
naproxen (22204-53-1, 26159-34-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
phenylephrine (532-38-7, 59-42-7, 61-76-7)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
pimozide (2062-78-4)
ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3)
simvastatin (79902-63-9)
theophylline derivative (2850-40-0)
valproic acid (1069-66-5, 99-66-1)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002005227
MEDLINE PMID
11735659 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11735659)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 848
TITLE
Community pharmacists' experience of over-the-counter medicine misuse in
Scotland
AUTHOR NAMES
MacFadyen L.
Eadie D.
McGowan T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(MacFadyen L.; Eadie D.) Centre for Social Marketing, University of
Strathclyde, 173 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RQ, United Kingdom.
(McGowan T.) Health Promotion Department, Lanarkshire Health Board,
Strathclyde Hospital, Airbles Road, Motherwell ML 1 3BW, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L. MacFadyen, Centre for Social Marketing, University of Strathclyde, 173
Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RQ, United Kingdom. Email:
l.macfadyen@csm.market.strath.ac.uk
SOURCE
Journal of The Royal Society for the Promotion of Health (2001) 121:3
(185-192). Date of Publication: 2001
ISSN
1466-4240
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Ltd, 55 City Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Over the last decade Britain has observed a trend towards the re-regulation
of 'prescription only medicines' in favour of pharmacy status drugs. This
move towards self-treatment to reduce pressures on general practitioner drug
budgets and workloads has focused attention on the need for community
pharmacists to extend their patient education and screening roles. In
response to these changes, this study was conducted to explore: the type of
over-the-counter (OTC) medicine being misused in Scotland; pharmacists'
professional attitudes and management of OTC misuse; and the training and
support needs of pharmacists. A postal questionnaire was designed. This was
informed by an earlier stage of qualitative research and the available
literature. It was then piloted and administered to all 110 pharmacies in
the study area. A 79% response rate was achieved. The research found that
OTC misuse, particularly of certain analgesics, sleeping prescriptions,
products containing codeine or pseudoephedrine, caffeine, cough mixtures,
and laxatives was common. The estimated mean number of patients suspected of
misusing medicines in a typical week was 5.63. Pharmacies in urban areas
were more likely than those in rural areas to report suspected misuse. The
research identified a number of intervention strategies relating to:
patient/pharmacist interaction; information provision; removal of products
from the point of sale; sharing of information with other local pharmacists;
and referral to other members of the primary care team. Pharmacists
expressed a need for support in managing OTC misuse and in organising 'early
warning systems' to share information locally.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
non prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid plus codeine phosphate
adiphenine
analgesic agent
antitussive agent
askit powder
caffeine
calcium bromolactate
chesteze
codeine
day nurse
dextromethorphan
dihydrocodeine
diphenhydramine
feminax
gee linctus
laxative
night nurse
norephedrine
nylax
promethazine
pseudoephedrine
pseudoephedrine plus triprolidine
sedative agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (epidemiology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacy
doctor patient relation
drug legislation
experience
general practitioner
good clinical practice
health program
health promotion
human
illness behavior
interpersonal communication
major clinical study
medical information
medical literature
patient compliance
patient education
patient guidance
patient referral
pharmacist
physician attitude
pilot study
prescription
prevalence
questionnaire
self medication
staff training
United Kingdom
urban rural difference
DRUG TRADE NAMES
actifed
askit powder
benylin
chesteze
codis
contac
day nurse
feminax
gee linctus
night nurse
nylax
nytol
paramol
phenergan
sominex
sudafed
veganin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
adiphenine (50-42-0, 64-95-9)
caffeine (58-08-2)
cocodaprin (54391-60-5)
codeine (76-57-3)
dextromethorphan (125-69-9, 125-71-3)
dihydrocodeine (125-28-0, 24204-13-5, 5965-13-9)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
norephedrine (700-65-2)
promethazine (58-33-3, 60-87-7)
pseudoephedrine (345-78-8, 7460-12-0, 90-82-4)
pseudoephedrine plus triprolidine (8054-27-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001359238
MEDLINE PMID
11688306 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11688306)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 849
TITLE
A review of the chemistry, biological action, and clinical applications of
anabolic-androgenic steroids
AUTHOR NAMES
Shahidi N.T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shahidi N.T.) Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States.
(Shahidi N.T.) Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University
of Wisconsin, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-4672, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.T. Shahidi, Department of Pediatric Hematology, University of Wisconsin,
600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-4672, United States.
SOURCE
Clinical Therapeutics (2001) 23:9 (1355-1390). Date of Publication: 2001
ISSN
0149-2918
BOOK PUBLISHER
Excerpta Medica Inc., 105 Raider Blvd, Suite 101, Hillsborough, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Since its discovery in 1935, numerous derivatives of
testosterone have been synthesized, with the goals of prolonging its
biological activity in vivo, producing orally active androgens, and
developing products, commonly referred to as anabolic-androgenic steroids
(AAS), that are more anabolic and less androgenic than the parent molecule.
Objective: This article reviews the structure, biotransformation, and
mechanism of action of testosterone and some of the most commonly used AAS.
Clinical applications of the AAS are discussed, and guidelines and
therapeutic maneuvers for minimizing their side effects are outlined.
Methods: Literature for inclusion in this review was identified using the
libraries of the University of Wisconsin Medical School and School of
Pharmacy, the author's files, and searches of MEDLINE, Science Citation
Index, Biological Abstracts, and Chemical Abstracts. Results: The myotrophic
action of testosterone and its derivatives and their stimulatory effects on
the brain have led to widespread use of AAS by athletes and "recreational"
drug users. Consequently, all AAS were classified as class III controlled
substances in 1991. Nonetheless, AAS have shown benefit in a variety of
human disorders, including HIV-related muscle wasting and other catabolic
conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe burn
injuries, and alcoholic hepatitis. Because of their diverse biological
actions, AAS have been used to treat a variety of other conditions,
including bone marrow failure syndromes, constitutional growth retardation
in children, and hereditary angioedema. AAS therapy is associated with
various side effects that are generally dose related; therefore, illicit use
of megadoses of AAS for the purpose of bodybuilding and enhancement of
athletic performance can lead to serious and irreversible organ damage. The
most common side effects of AAS are some degree of masculinization in women
and children, behavioral changes (eg, aggression), hepatotoxicity, and
alteration of blood lipid levels and coagulation factors. Conclusions: To
minimize or avoid serious toxicities with AAS therapy, close medical
supervision and periodic monitoring are important, with dose adjustment as
appropriate to achieve the minimum effective dose. Given the biological
effects and potential adverse effects of AAS, administration of these agents
should be avoided in pregnant women, women with breast cancer or
hypercalcemia, men with carcinoma of the prostate or breast, and patients
with nephrotic syndromes or significant liver dysfunction.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anabolic agent (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
intramuscular drug administration, pharmacology)
testosterone derivative (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
therapy, intramuscular drug administration, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
2,3 diphosphoglyceric acid (endogenous compound)
5beta androstanolone (endogenous compound)
alkaline phosphatase (endogenous compound)
androstanolone (endogenous compound)
androstenedione (endogenous compound)
androsterone (endogenous compound)
atrial natriuretic factor (endogenous compound)
brain natriuretic peptide (endogenous compound)
butadiene diepoxide (drug therapy)
complement component C1s (endogenous compound)
creatine kinase (endogenous compound)
erythropoietin (endogenous compound)
estradiol (endogenous compound)
etiocholanolone (endogenous compound)
ketotifen (clinical trial, drug therapy)
lymphocyte antibody (drug therapy)
mitomycin (drug therapy)
nandrolone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
nandrolone decanoate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
intramuscular drug administration, pharmacology)
oxandrolone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
oxymetholone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
recombinant erythropoietin (drug therapy)
stanozolol (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
pharmacology)
steroid 5alpha reductase (endogenous compound)
testosterone (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug therapy,
intramuscular drug administration, pharmacology)
thymocyte antibody (drug therapy)
tumor necrosis factor alpha (endogenous compound)
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol liver disease (drug therapy)
burn (drug therapy)
chronic obstructive lung disease (drug therapy)
muscle atrophy (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
angioneurotic edema (drug therapy)
aplastic anemia (drug therapy)
bone marrow depression (drug therapy)
clinical trial
corticosteroid therapy
doping
drug efficacy
drug safety
growth retardation (drug therapy)
human
hypomania (side effect)
liver cell carcinoma (side effect)
liver toxicity (side effect)
obstructive jaundice (side effect)
peliosis hepatis (side effect)
review
sexual dysfunction (side effect)
virilization (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
anadrol , United StatesUnited Pharmaceutical Works
deca durabolin , United StatesOrganon
oxandrin , United StatesBTG
winstrol , United StatesSanofi Synthelabo
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)BTG
(United States)Organon
(United States)Sanofi Synthelabo
(United States)United Pharmaceutical Works
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
2,3 diphosphoglyceric acid (138-81-8)
alkaline phosphatase (9001-78-9)
androstanolone (521-18-6)
androstenedione (26264-53-9, 63-05-8)
androsterone (53-41-8)
atrial natriuretic factor (85637-73-6)
brain natriuretic peptide (114471-18-0)
butadiene diepoxide (1464-53-5, 564-00-1)
complement component C1s (80295-70-1)
creatine kinase (9001-15-4)
erythropoietin (11096-26-7)
estradiol (50-28-2)
etiocholanolone (53-42-9)
ketotifen (34580-13-7)
mitomycin C (50-07-7, 74349-48-7)
nandrolone (434-22-0)
nandrolone decanoate (360-70-3)
oxandrolone (53-39-4)
oxymetholone (434-07-1)
recombinant erythropoietin (113427-24-0, 122312-54-3, 130455-76-4)
stanozolol (10418-03-8, 302-96-5)
testosterone (58-22-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001345470
MEDLINE PMID
11589254 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11589254)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2918(01)80114-4
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 850
TITLE
Dáder program in Argentina: Results of the first trimester activities
AUTHOR NAMES
Armando P.D.
Semería N.
Tenllado M.I.
Sola N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Armando P.D.; Semería N.; Tenllado M.I.; Sola N.) Departamento de Farmacia,
Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, 5000
Córdoba, Argentina.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Sola, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas,
Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina. Email:
nsola@dqo.fcq.unc.edu.ar
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Care Espana (2001) 3:3 (196-203). Date of Publication: 2001
ISSN
1139-6202
ABSTRACT
Drug-related morbidity and mortality constitute a large sanitary problem. To
optimize the pharmacotherapy established by the physician and to obtain the
maximum effectiveness and safety of medication used by the patients,
pharmacological treatment follow-up is necessary. Search, identification and
resolution of drug related problems (DRP) succeed by implementing
pharmaceutical care (PhC). In order to offer PhC to all patients wichever
disease they have, the Dáder Program Implementation of Pharmacological
Treatment Follow-up was adopted. This program provides a methodology
according to our surrounding for that purpose. The participant pharmacists
(n=31) are from community pharmacies -belonging to the College of
Pharmacists- and they practice in the Province of Córdoba. To work
efficiently, the pharmacists were organized in groups that met every 3 weeks
for clinical sessions. Patients attended totaled 129. In the first trimester
activities, 58% of the pharmacists registered pharmaceutical interventions
(PhI). The total amount of PhI was 81 and it corresponded to 44 patients. In
the patients with found DRP, 1.8 DRP per patient were identified and 80% of
them were solved. In 67% of the cases, there was a communication with
physician; then, 65% of these DRP were solved. The adoption of Dáder Program
carried out to an effective resolution in a high percent of DRP.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Argentina
article
community
controlled study
drug efficacy
drug induced disease
drug safety
follow up
human
major clinical study
methodology
morbidity
mortality
pharmacist
physician
professional practice
sanitation
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001240856
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 851
TITLE
Improving drug therapy for patients with asthma--part 1: Patient outcomes.
AUTHOR NAMES
Herborg H.
Soendergaard B.
Froekjaer B.
Fonnesbaek L.
Jorgensen T.
Hepler C.D.
Grainger-Rousseau T.J.
Ersboell B.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Herborg H.; Soendergaard B.; Froekjaer B.; Fonnesbaek L.; Jorgensen T.;
Hepler C.D.; Grainger-Rousseau T.J.; Ersboell B.K.) Research and Development
Division, Pharmakon, Danish College of Pharmacy Practice, Hilleroed.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Herborg, Research and Development Division, Pharmakon, Danish College of
Pharmacy Practice, Hilleroed. Email: hh@pharmakon.dk
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2001) 41:4 (539-550). Date of Publication: 2001 Jul-Aug
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a therapeutic outcomes monitoring
(TOM) program on selected process and outcome measures. DESIGN: Prospective,
controlled, multicenter study. SETTING: Community pharmacies throughout
Denmark (16 intervention, 15 control). PATIENTS: Five hundred patients with
asthma aged 16 to 60 years and treated in primary care. INTERVENTION: TOM is
a community-based program for pharmaceutical care. Using a structured,
seven-step, cyclical outcome improvement process, TOM pharmacists identify
and resolve (or refer) problems with drug therapy that, if not addressed,
might result in therapeutic failure or adverse effects. Equal emphasis is
placed on the patient's perspective (e.g., coping, control, and empowerment)
and the professional's perspective (e.g., adherence, patient knowledge, and
therapeutic problems). TOM requires cooperation among pharmacists, patients,
and physicians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Asthma symptom status, days of
sickness, health-related and asthma-specific quality of life, use of health
care services and resources, and satisfaction with health care and pharmacy.
INTERMEDIATE OUTCOME AND PROCESS MEASURES: Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR),
knowledge of asthma and asthma medications, inhalation errors, and drug
therapy problems in the TOM group. RESULTS: The mean individual differences
for TOM and control patients were tested. Beneficial effects were found for
the following outcome measures: asthma symptom status, days of sickness, and
health-related and asthma-related quality of life. Satisfaction with health
care and pharmacy varied throughout the course of the project, with no
significant difference between groups at the final evaluation. Although not
statistically significant, differences in use of services were considered to
be clinically significant and encouraging. Beneficial effects were found for
knowledge of asthma and medications, inhalation errors, drug use and drug
therapy problems. No significant differences were found for PEFR.
CONCLUSION: The project demonstrated that therapeutic outcomes monitoring by
community pharmacists is an effective strategy for improving the quality of
drug therapy for asthma patients in primary health care.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antiasthmatic agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
asthma (drug therapy)
patient education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
age distribution
analysis of variance
article
case control study
cost benefit analysis
Denmark
economics
female
human
male
middle aged
multicenter study
organization and management
patient satisfaction
prospective study
quality of life
questionnaire
sex ratio
treatment outcome
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11486980 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11486980)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 852
TITLE
Use of bupropion SR in a pharmacist-managed outpatient smoking-cessation
program
AUTHOR NAMES
Roth M.T.
Westman E.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Roth M.T.; Westman E.C.) Univ. of North NC at Chapel Hill, School of
Pharmacy, Beard Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.T. Roth, Univ. of North NC at Chapel Hill, School of Pharmacy, Beard Hall,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (2001) 21:5 (636-641). Date of Publication: 2001
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
ABSTRACT
We administered bupropion sustained-release (SR) in a pharmacist-managed
outpatient smoking-cessation program. Patients were referred to the program
by their primary care physician. All patients completed initial visit
questionnaires, received behavioral counseling by a clinical pharmacist, and
were provided educational materials on smoking cessation. Seventy-one
patients received bupropion SR for treatment of nicotine dependence and were
followed for 6 months. Point prevalence abstinence rates were 28.2% and
25.4% at 8 weeks and 6 months, respectively. The trend was toward lower
cessation rates in patients with a documented psychiatric diagnosis at 6
months (p=0.064). Bupropion SR was fairly well tolerated, with the most
common adverse effects being dry mouth and bad taste. The agent appears to
have better success for smoking cessation in patients free of psychiatric
comorbidities, but further research is required to support this finding.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amfebutamone (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmaceutics)
nicotine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
smoking cessation
tobacco dependence (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
behavior therapy
drug withdrawal
female
human
major clinical study
male
mental disease
outpatient care
patient counseling
prevalence
sustained release preparation
taste disorder (side effect)
treatment outcome
xerostomia (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
wellbutrin , United StatesGlaxo Wellcome
zyban , United StatesGlaxo Wellcome
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Glaxo Wellcome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
nicotine (54-11-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001168274
MEDLINE PMID
11349752 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11349752)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 853
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care research and education project: pharmacists'
interventions.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kassam R.
Farris K.B.
Burback L.
Volume C.I.
Cox C.E.
Cave A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kassam R.; Farris K.B.; Burback L.; Volume C.I.; Cox C.E.; Cave A.)
Structured Pharmacy Education Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Kassam, Structured Pharmacy Education Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2001) 41:3 (401-410). Date of Publication: 2001 May-Jun
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To describe the processes of care used by community pharmacists
participating in the Pharmaceutical Care Research and Education Project
(PREP) in terms of drug-related problems (DRPs), pharmacists'
recommendations, and status of DRPs at follow-up, and to determine
characteristics associated with DRPs. DESIGN: Descriptive analysis of the
treatment group from a larger randomized, controlled cluster design.
SETTING: Five independent community pharmacies in Alberta. PARTICIPANTS: One
hundred fifty-nine patients who were covered under Alberta Health and
Wellness's senior drug benefit plan (i.e., 65 years or older), were taking
three or more medications concurrently according to pharmacy records, were
able to complete telephone interviews as determined by pharmacists,
maintained residence in Alberta for 12 of the 15 study months, agreed to
receive their prescription medications only from the study pharmacy during
the study period, and provided informed consent. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Frequency of DRPs, recommendations, status of DRPs, and analysis of clinical
results as determined during pharmacists' follow-up care. RESULTS: In
telephone surveys, patients reported taking 4.7 prescription medications per
day, but pharmacists documented 8.7 prescription medications per day in
their records. Pharmacists documented 559 DRPs, a mean (+/- SD) of 3.9+/-3.2
problems per patient. Approximately 39% of problems were actual DRPs, while
60% were potential DRPs. Medical conditions associated most frequently with
a DRP involved the respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems.
The most common DRP categories were "patient requires drug therapy" or
"patient requires influenza or pneumococcal vaccination." Pharmacists wrote
551 initial clinical notes using the subjective, objective, assessment, plan
(SOAP) format, and they recorded 346 follow-up interventions, also using
SOAP notes. Counseling, preventive consultations, and clinical monitoring
represented 40% of their recommendations. In 80% of situations, the
pharmacist made the recommendation directly to the patient. On follow-up,
40% of the 559 DRPs identified were resolved, controlled, or improved.
Patients accepted 76% of pharmacists' recommendations, and physicians
accepted 72% of pharmacists' suggested resolutions of DRPs. Pharmacists were
more likely to follow up about actual DRPs, as compared with potential ones;
overall, they followed up on 62% of identified DRPs. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists
identified more DRPs for study patients than previous community-based,
observational studies have reported. Undertreatment appears to be a
prevalent DRP. Community pharmacists' recommendations to prevent and resolve
DRPs were made primarily to patients and were well accepted. More follow-up
was needed for all DRPs. When follow-up occurred, the DRP results generally
showed improvement.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
female
follow up
human
male
middle aged
patient referral
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11372905 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11372905)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 854
TITLE
Providing methadone services - Case studies
AUTHOR NAMES
Newell G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Newell G.)
SOURCE
Pharmaceutical Journal (2001) 266:7144 (542-546). Date of Publication: 21
Apr 2001
ISSN
0031-6873
ABSTRACT
The following case studies, about provision of methadone services in the
community, were used by the author as part of a Scottish Centre for Post
Qualification Pharmaceutical Education (SCPPE) training event.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (adverse drug reaction, drug administration, drug dose, drug
therapy, oral drug administration, pharmaceutics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
diazepam (drug combination, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (drug therapy, epidemiology)
methadone treatment
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
case report
dental caries (prevention)
diarrhea (side effect)
dose response
drug choice
drug formulation
drug withdrawal
human
male
medicolegal aspect
prescription
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diazepam (439-14-5)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001171122
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 855
TITLE
Medication management in primary and secondary schools.
AUTHOR NAMES
Reutzel T.J.
Patel R.
Myers M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Reutzel T.J.; Patel R.; Myers M.A.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers
Grove, IL 60515, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.J. Reutzel, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago College of
Pharmacy, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515,
USA. Email: treutz@midwestern.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2001) 41:1 (67-77). Date of Publication: 2001 Jan-Feb
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To summarize present knowledge about medication management in
primary and secondary schools; to place this knowledge in its drug use and
organizational contexts; and to provide a foundation for studying the
problem and developing policy- and practice-level interventions aimed at
alleviating it. To offer recommendations for practitioners, policy makers,
and health professions educators aimed at improving the situation. DATA
SOURCES: MEDLINE database (1966-1998); International Pharmaceutical
Abstracts database (1977-1998); complete Medscape full-text search; contents
of the Journal of School Nursing and the Journal of School Health
(1966-present). STUDY SELECTION: We reviewed 95% of all articles, books, and
reports identified using the search terms elementary school, middle school,
junior high school, high school, primary school, secondary school, school
nurse, school health, and schoolchildren. DATA EXTRACTION: The literature on
this topic includes background material describing the nature of the problem
and its political and organizational context and implying its significance;
summaries of regulations, guidelines, and recommendations regarding
medication management in the schools; and empirical studies. Few articles
address pharmacist involvement in medication management in schools. DATA
SYNTHESIS: Although approaches to this important problem vary widely, a set
of core medication management guidelines is identifiable. Formal research is
sparse, but it shows that medication use is widespread in schools and
carries significant therapeutic and safety consequences. CONCLUSION:
Pharmacists and school nurses must cross professional borders if they wish
to play a role in solving this important drug therapy problem. Pharmacists
can provide therapeutic and contextual perspectives on the problem, while
school nurses can implement solutions within the schools.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug (drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care policy
pharmacy
school health nursing
school health service
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
child
human
review
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11216116 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11216116)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 856
TITLE
An evolution of drug development and clinical pharmacology during the 20th
century
AUTHOR NAMES
Heath G.
Colburn W.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Heath G.; Colburn W.A.) MDS Horris, Inc., 621 Rose Street, Lincoln, NE
68502, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G. Heath, MDS Horris, Inc., 621 Rose Street, Lincoln, NE 68502, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2000) 40:9 (918-929). Date of Publication:
2000
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
The current state of clinical pharmacology and drug development did not just
happen. Clinical pharmacology and the drug development process were born,
evolved, and have come to the fore during the past 100 years. The past
century has been one of accelerating progress in science and medicine. The
progress has not been a straight line but rather more like a sidewinder
moving across the desert. Drug development has moved from small experiments
with concoctions, extracts, and potions along with the manufacturing and
promotion of the purported remedies to processes that exploited unknowing
patients to a process that now requires concept generation, discovery,
research, planning, and development with many checks and balances for the
protection of human subjects. The factors that contributed to this
progression from inappropriate use of potions, concoctions, and snake oil to
the highly regulated drug development process of today is described in some
detail. (C) 2000 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
arsenic derivative
insulin
levodopa
neurotransmitter
orphan drug
poliomyelitis vaccine
sulfanilamide derivative
thalidomide
vitamin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
drug development
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug approval
drug contamination
drug cost
drug formulation
drug information
drug intoxication
drug isolation
drug manufacture
drug marketing
drug misuse
drug research
drug screening
financial management
history of medicine
medical ethics
medicare
military medicine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
insulin (9004-10-8)
levodopa (59-92-7)
thalidomide (50-35-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000433671
MEDLINE PMID
10975064 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10975064)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 857
TITLE
Pharmacotherapy of alcoholism: Gaps in knowledge and opportunities for
research
AUTHOR NAMES
Kranzler H.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kranzler H.R.) Alcohol Research Center, Department of Psychiatry,
University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, United
States.
(Kranzler H.R.) University of Connecticut Health Center, MC2103, 263
Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.R. Kranzler, Univ. of Connecticut Health Center, MC2103, 263 Farmington
Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, United States.
SOURCE
Alcohol and Alcoholism (2000) 35:6 (537-547). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
0735-0414
BOOK PUBLISHER
Oxford University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
During the past decade, renewed interest in medications to prevent relapse
in alcoholics has yielded a number of promising candidates. Although two of
these medications, naltrexone and acamprosate, are currently in clinical use
in a number of countries, overall, their effectiveness appears to be
limited. Disulfiram, the deterrent medication that was approved 50 years ago
for the treatment of alcoholism, has not consistently been shown to be
efficacious. However, since inadequate dosing and other modifiable factors
may limit its deterrent effects, the identification of a more potent
metabolite of disulfiram appears to warrant further evaluation. Studies of
serotonergic agonists for treatment of alcoholism have also yielded
inconsistent results. There is evidence, however, that subgroups of
alcoholics may respond well to such medications, suggesting that treatment
matching may enhance their efficacy. In addition, nalmefene, a compound with
effects similar to naltrexone, as well as a sustained release formulation of
naltrexone, may enhance the beneficial effects of opioid antagonist therapy.
Despite these developments, much remains to be learned about the
pharmacotherapy of alcoholism. The ongoing development and evaluation of
novel medications should be given a high priority. However, such basic
issues as the optimal dosing strategy and duration of treatment for existing
therapies are not known. Similarly, combination therapy, involving either
multiple medications or the combination of medication with specific
psychotherapies, has not been well studied. The utility of specific
pharmacotherapies in women, different ethnic/racial groups, adolescent and
geriatric patients, and individuals with co-morbid alcohol and drug use
disorders (including nicotine dependence) is also largely unknown, as is the
appropriateness of medication therapy for treatment of early problem
drinkers. The ultimate aim of these efforts is the development of algorithms
for the pharmacological treatment of heavy drinking, which incorporate the
characteristics of the patient and of pharmacological and psychosocial
treatments with demonstrated efficacy. Although a general framework for such
an effort currently exists, much detail is needed before it will be of
widespread clinical value.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acamprosate (clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
disulfiram (clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
nalmefene (clinical trial, drug combination, drug comparison, drug dose,
drug therapy, oral drug administration)
naltrexone (clinical trial, drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy, oral
drug administration, pharmaceutics)
opiate antagonist (clinical trial, drug combination, drug therapy)
serotonin agonist (clinical trial, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
citalopram (clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (clinical trial, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
aged
clinical trial
comorbidity
drug abuse
drug effect
drug efficacy
drug research
female
human
patient selection
priority journal
psychosocial care
review
sustained release formulation
treatment indication
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acamprosate (77337-73-6)
citalopram (59729-33-8)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
nalmefene (55096-26-9)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000431831
MEDLINE PMID
11093959 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11093959)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 858
TITLE
The effects of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of doxazosin
AUTHOR NAMES
Penenberg D.
Chung M.
Walmsley P.
Vashi V.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Penenberg D.; Chung M.; Walmsley P.; Vashi V.) Department of Clinical
Research, Central Research Division, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road,
Groton, CT 06340, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
V. Vashi, Department of Clinical Research, Central Research Division,
Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2000) 40:1 (67-73). Date of Publication:
2000
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin was determined in an open-label study of
12 male volunteers with hepatic impairment (stable alcoholic cirrhosis) and
12 healthy male volunteers. Participants (fasting) received a single 2 mg
doxazosin tablet, and blood samples were collected over a 120-hour period.
Safety assessments included laboratory and vital sign (blood pressure, pulse
rate, and ECGs) measurements and recording of all reported adverse events.
The mean peak plasma concentrations were 10.8 ng/mL and 12.3 ng/mL for the
subjects with hepatic impairment and healthy subjects, respectively. The
corresponding mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve values
were 246 and 172 ng·h/mL, a 43% increase in exposure in the subjects with
hepatic impairment (p = 0.02). Although the apparent oral clearance was
reduced by 30% in men with hepatic impairment compared with healthy subjects
(p = 0.02), the elimination halflife was not significantly changed (24 vs.
22 hours, respectively). Laboratory test results, vital signs, and the
incidence of adverse events were similar for the two treatment groups. These
findings indicate that the recommended dosing regimen for doxazosin is
appropriate for patients with clinically mild to moderate hepatic
impairment. (C) 2000 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doxazosin (drug concentration, drug dose, oral drug administration,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol liver cirrhosis
dose liver function relation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
diet restriction
dose response
dose time effect relation
drug clearance
drug effect
drug half life
drug safety
drug transformation
electrocardiogram
human
human experiment
human tissue
male
volunteer
DRUG TRADE NAMES
cardura , United StatesPfizer
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Pfizer
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
doxazosin (74191-85-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000416870
MEDLINE PMID
10631624 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10631624)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 859
TITLE
Decreased EEG sensitivity to alprazolam in subjects with a parental history
of alcoholism
AUTHOR NAMES
Sarid-Segal O.
Knapp C.M.
Ciraulo A.M.
Greenblatt D.J.
Shader R.I.
Ciraulo D.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sarid-Segal O.; Knapp C.M.; Ciraulo A.M.; Greenblatt D.J.; Shader R.I.;
Ciraulo D.A.) Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of
Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.A. Ciraulo, Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of
Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2000) 40:1 (84-90). Date of Publication:
2000
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Altered benzodiazepine sensitivity in subjects with a history of parental
alcoholism (PHP) compared to control subjects (NC) has been reported for
regional brain blood volume, eye movement tasks, and subjective effects.
This study tests the hypothesis that PHP subjects are less sensitive to
benzodiazepine effects on EEG activity than are NC subjects. Frontal EEG
activity was recorded in PHP and NC subjects after administration of the
benzodiazepine, alprazolam (1 mg), or placebo. PHP subjects had decreased
sensitivity to the EEG effects of alprazolam compared to NC subjects.
Significant differences were detected for change in percent relative beta
activity and alpha and theta band power. Pharmacokinetic parameters did not
differ significantly between groups. These results suggest that PHP subjects
are less sensitive to the effects of alprazolam on central
electrophysiological activity than are NC subjects. (C) 2000 the American
College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alprazolam (clinical trial, drug administration, drug dose, drug therapy,
pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
benzothiazepine derivative (clinical trial, drug administration, drug dose,
drug therapy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
placebo
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (diagnosis, drug therapy)
electroencephalogram
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alpha rhythm
area under the curve
article
beta rhythm
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
crossover procedure
double blind procedure
drug effect
drug potency
female
GABAergic transmission
human
human experiment
hypothesis
male
questionnaire
randomized controlled trial
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Upjohn
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000416872
MEDLINE PMID
10631626 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10631626)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 860
TITLE
Use of tangential visual symbols to increase the long-term learning process:
Applications of linkage in teaching pharmacological principles of addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Giannini A.J.
Giannini J.N.
Condon M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Giannini A.J.) Department of Corporate Medical Director, Chemical Abuse
Centers, Inc., Austintown, OH, United States.
(Giannini A.J.) Department of Corporate Medical Director, Chemical Abuse
Centers, Inc., Canton, OH, United States.
(Giannini A.J.) Department of Corporate Medical Director, Chemical Abuse
Centers, Inc., Columbus, OH, United States.
(Giannini A.J.) Department of Corporate Medical Director, Chemical Abuse
Centers, Inc., Liberty, OH, United States.
(Giannini J.N.) Department of History, Yale University, New Haven, CT,
United States.
(Condon M.) Department of Statistics, Chemical Abuse Centers, Inc.,
Austintown, OH, United States.
(Condon M.) Department of Statistics, Chemical Abuse Centers, Inc., Canton,
OH, United States.
(Condon M.) Department of Statistics, Chemical Abuse Centers, Inc.,
Columbus, OH, United States.
(Condon M.) Department of Statistics, Chemical Abuse Centers, Inc., Liberty,
OH, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.J. Giannini, 721 Boardman-Poland Road 200, Boardman, OH 44512, United
States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2000) 40:7 (708-712). Date of Publication:
2000
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Medieval and Renaissance teaching techniques using linkage between course
content and tangentially related visual symbols were applied to the teaching
of the pharmacological principles of addiction. Forty medical students
randomly divided into two blinded groups viewed a lecture. One lecture was
supplemented by symbolic slides, and the second was not. Students who viewed
symbolic slides had significantly higher scores in a written 15-question
multiple-choice test 30 days after the lecture. These results were
consistent with learning and semiotic models. These models hypothesize a
linkage between conceptual content and perception of visual symbols that
thereby increases conceptual retention. Recent neurochemical research
supports the existence of a linkage between two chemically distinct memory
systems. Simultaneous stimulation of both chemical systems by teaching
formats similar to those employed in the study can augment neurochemical
signaling in the neocortex. (C) 2000 the American College of Clinical
Pharmacology.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education program
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug dependence
human
learning
model
teaching
visual information
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000440131
MEDLINE PMID
10883411 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10883411)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 861
TITLE
New York City pharmacists' attitudes toward sale of needles/syringes to
injection drug users before implementation of law expanding syringe access
AUTHOR NAMES
Coffin P.O.
Linas B.P.
Factor S.H.
Vlahov D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Coffin P.O.; Linas B.P.; Factor S.H.; Vlahov D.) New York Academy of
Medicine, 1216 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10029, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.O. Coffin, New York Academy of Medicine, 1216 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY
10029, United States. Email: Pcoffin@nyam.org
SOURCE
Journal of Urban Health (2000) 77:4 (781-793). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
1099-3460
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, Heidelberger Platz 3,
Berlin, Germany.
ABSTRACT
In May 2000, New York State passed legislation permitting the sale,
purchase, and possession of up to 10 needles and syringes (hereafter
"syringes") without a prescription, intended to reduce blood-borne pathogen
transmission among injection drug users (IDUs). To obtain baseline data on
pharmacists' attitudes and practices related to human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) prevention and IDUs, a telephone survey was administered to 130
pharmacists systematically selected in New York City. Less than half of
pharmacists were aware of the new law; 49.6% were willing to or supported
providing nonprescription sales of syringes to IDUs. Pharmacists in support
tended to be less likely to consider customer appearance "very important."
Managing and supervising pharmacists were more likely than staff pharmacists
to support syringe sales to IDUs. Managing and supervising pharmacists who
stocked packs of 10 syringes and personal sharps disposal containers,
pharmacists who supported syringe exchange in the pharmacy, and pharmacists
who were willing to sell syringes to diabetics without a prescription were
more likely to support syringe sales to IDUs. Syringe disposal was a
prominent concern among all pharmacists. Those not in support of syringe
sales to IDUs tended to be more likely to believe the practice would
increase drug use. These data suggest the need for initiatives to address
concerns about syringe disposal and tailored continuing education classes
for pharmacists on HIV and viral hepatitis prevention among IDUs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
attitude
continuing education
controlled study
female
health program
human
infection prevention
law
male
normal human
pharmacist
priority journal
syringe
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2001028847
MEDLINE PMID
11194317 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11194317)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 862
TITLE
Reducing the transmission of HIV-1: needle bleaching as a means of
disinfection.
AUTHOR NAMES
Romanelli F.
Smith K.M.
Pomeroy C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Romanelli F.; Smith K.M.; Pomeroy C.) College of Pharmacy, University of
Kentucky, Lexington 40536-0293, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
F. Romanelli, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington
40536-0293, USA. Email: froma2@pop.uky.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2000) 40:6 (812-817). Date of Publication: 2000 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To review the efficacy, safety, and proper methods for use of
bleach (sodium hypochlorite) as a means of needle disinfection. DATA
SOURCES: Controlled studies cited in MEDLINE between 1966 and 1999 using
indexing terms: needle, bleach, HIV/AIDS, and disinfection. STUDY SELECTION
AND DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were categorized based on experimental
conditions produced and specific testing procedures used. DATA SYNTHESIS:
Used properly, undiluted bleach (sodium hypochlorite 5.25%) appears to be an
effective disinfection solution for used needles. Proper needle disinfection
with undiluted bleach may reduce the risk of HIV transmission among
injection drug users from needle sharing. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists can play a
role in reducing HIV transmission among injection drug users by advocating
cessation of drug use, drug treatment programs, and avoidance of needle
sharing. Pharmacists should be prepared to educate patients who are
unwilling to cease illicit drug use or participate in drug treatment
programs on the proper methods of bleach disinfection of used needles.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypochlorite sodium (pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (prevention)
disinfection
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
needle
substance abuse (complication)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
disease transmission
drug effect
human
Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence
pharmacist
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hypochlorite sodium (7681-52-9)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
11111361 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11111361)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 863
TITLE
29th Annual meeting of New England pharmacologists Brown University,
Providence, RI January 28-29, 2000
AUTHOR NAMES
Scriabine A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Scriabine A.) Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of
Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06420, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Scriabine, Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of
Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06420, United States. Email:
alexander.scriabine@snet.net
SOURCE
CNS Drug Reviews (2000) 6:2 (179-182). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
1080-563X
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
3 alpha hydroxy 5 betapregnan 20 one hemasuccinate (drug development,
intraperitoneal drug administration, pharmacology)
3alpha hydroxy 5alpha pregnan 20 one (drug concentration, drug interaction,
pharmacology)
amyloid beta protein (endogenous compound)
baclofen (intraperitoneal drug administration, pharmacology)
brain derived neurotrophic factor (drug therapy, pharmacology)
cannabinoid
captopril
diltiazem (pharmacology)
eletriptan (drug comparison, pharmacology)
flumazenil (drug interaction, pharmacology)
ion channel
leptin (pharmacology)
lidocaine (drug interaction, pharmacology)
lidocaine ethobromide (pharmacology)
ma 281 (drug interaction)
mevinolin (adverse drug reaction, pharmacology)
midazolam (drug interaction, pharmacology)
morphine
naloxone (drug interaction)
neurosteroid (drug development, intraperitoneal drug administration,
pharmacology)
neurotrophic factor (drug therapy, pharmacology)
nifedipine (pharmacology)
recombinant ciliary neurotrophic factor (adverse drug reaction,
pharmacology)
rimonabant
rosiglitazone (drug comparison, pharmacology)
sumatriptan (drug comparison, drug interaction, pharmacology)
tetrahydrocannabinol (drug development, intranasal drug administration,
pharmacology)
unclassified drug
unindexed drug
vaccine (drug development, pharmacology)
verapamil (pharmacology)
zolmitriptan (drug comparison, drug interaction, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug mechanism
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (drug therapy)
atherosclerosis
cell line
conference paper
diabetes mellitus
drug blood level
drug inhibition
drug potency
drug potentiation
gastrointestinal symptom (side effect)
gene mutation
hormone inhibition
hormone release
human
hypercalciuria
Liddle syndrome
long QT syndrome
nonhuman
obesity
sodium retention
tumor cell
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
3alpha hydroxy 5alpha pregnan 20 one (516-54-1)
amyloid beta protein (109770-29-8)
baclofen (1134-47-0)
brain derived neurotrophic factor (218441-99-7)
captopril (62571-86-2)
diltiazem (33286-22-5, 42399-41-7)
eletriptan (143322-58-1, 177834-92-3)
flumazenil (78755-81-4)
lidocaine ethobromide (21306-56-9)
lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9)
mevinolin (75330-75-5)
midazolam (59467-70-8)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
nifedipine (21829-25-4)
rimonabant (158681-13-1, 168273-06-1)
rosiglitazone (122320-73-4, 155141-29-0)
sumatriptan (103628-46-2)
tetrahydrocannabinol (1972-08-3)
verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9)
zolmitriptan (139264-17-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000298245
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 864
TITLE
Drug use in the Czech Republic university students
AUTHOR NAMES
Beckova I.
Visnovsky P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Beckova I.; Visnovsky P.) Dept. of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of
Pharmacy, Charles University Praque 1203, Heyrovskeho Hradec 5, CZ 500 05
Kralove, Czech Republic.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. Beckova, Dept. of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles
University Praque 1203, Heyrovskeho Hradec 5, CZ 500 05 Kralove, Czech
Republic.
SOURCE
Fabad Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2000) 25:2 (41-44). Date of
Publication: 2000
ISSN
1300-4182
ABSTRACT
Attitudes to drug addiction and experience with drug abuse were investigated
in 3387 undergraduates of the first and third of 11 different university
colleges. A standard questionnaire, used by the District Authority, Section
of Public Health in Hradec Kralove, and commonly used in the whole Czech
Republic, was employed for the survey. Most respondents were aged from 18 to
2 5 years and more than a half of them come towns with more than ten
thousand inhabitants. It follows from the obtained results that the drug
most widely used by undergraduates is marihuana. Personal experience with
taking this drug is stated in dependence on the type of the faculty, by 13.5
to 50% of respondents; the highest percentage is represented by the
undergraduates of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Bmo. A similar situation has
been found in the case of hallucinogens abuse (LSD), where the highest
percentage of abusers were again at the Faculty of Pharmacy in Bmo (7.7%).
The age limit of the first experience with a drug ranges in most respondents
between 14 to 23 years of age. In a small percentage of respondents,
however, the first use of a drug is reported already below the age of 10.
Drug abuse takes place usually at parties discotheques and rock clubs. The
study has demonstrated that availability of drugs in schools is much lower
than in places of residence; with increasing age of respondents their
knowledge of existence of drugs in schools increases, and their knowledge of
drug availability in places of residence decreases. An analysis of opinions
concerning legalization of drugs in the Czech Republic has revealed a
generally tolerant attitude of undergraduates to permitting the use and
distribution of drugs. The most negative viewpoint concerning this problem
has been taken by the undergraduates of the Pedagogical Faculty in Hradec
Kralove; on the greatest benevolence has been found in the undergraduates of
the Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, in Hradec Kralove, and those of
the University of Pardubice.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
cocaine
lysergide
methamphetamine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
article
attitude
college student
Czech Republic
experience
female
human
male
money
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
lysergide (50-37-3)
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Turkish
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000268504
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 865
TITLE
Modification of albumin use pattern after an educational intervention
AUTHOR NAMES
De Miguel V.
Vargas E.
Portoles A.
Puerro M.
Terleira A.I.
Moreno A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(De Miguel V.; Vargas E., vargas@eurociber.es; Portoles A.; Puerro M.;
Terleira A.I.; Moreno A.) Clinical Pharmacology Service, San Carlos Clinical
Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
(Vargas E., vargas@eurociber.es) Servicio de Farmacologia Clinica, Hospital
Universitario San Carlos, C / Martín Lagos s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E. Vargas, Servicio de Farmacologia Clinica, Hospital Universitario San
Carlos, C/Martin Lagos s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain. Email: vargas@eurociber.es
SOURCE
Disease Management and Health Outcomes (2000) 8:1 (43-50). Date of
Publication: 2000
ISSN
1173-8790
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine whether an educational programme could reduce the
inappropriate use of albumin. Study design and setting: A hospital albumin
working group (San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Madrid, Spain) developed local
guidelines for albumin prescribing. After the guidelines were disseminated,
all albumin prescriptions were analysed according to these guidelines.
Physicians who prescribed albumin for indications other than those in the
guidelines were selected for a personalised face-to-face educational
programme with a clinical pharmacologists. Adherence to the guidelines was
then evaluated compared with an observational period with success being
measured in terms of quality of prescribing and economic consequences. The
effects of the intervention were assessed again during the intervention (7
months) and after the intervention (in the first 5-month period and in the
subsequent year). Main outcomes measures and results: In the observational
period, consumption was centralised in medical services and nearly 76% of
prescriptions for albumin were inappropriate. During the intervention, the
percentage of inappropriate albumin prescribing decreased to 38.8%. Albumin
consumption decreased from 444 vials/month during the observational period
to 249 vials/month during the intervention, and although the average monthly
consumption increased slightly during the 17 months following the
intervention, it was similar to that immediately after the intervention.
Differences in albumin consumption and quality improvement between the
observational period and during the intervention were statistically
significant (p < 0.00001). These results led to cost savings of nearly 30%
during the intervention and in the follow-up period. Conclusions: This
educational programme improved the quality of albumin prescribing and
controlled local expenses related to albumin use in a general hospital.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
albumin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
education program
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug use
hospital cost
outcomes research
physician
practice guideline
Spain
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000257883
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 866
TITLE
Successful temporary nonsmoker?
AUTHOR NAMES
Stollman M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stollman M.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Stollman,
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(2000) 40:4 (453). Date of Publication: 2000 Jul-Aug
ISSN
1086-5802
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
pharmacist
pharmacy
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
human
note
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
10932449 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10932449)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 867
TITLE
29th Annual Meeting of New England Pharmacologists Brown University,
Providence, RI January 28-29, 2000
AUTHOR NAMES
Scriabine A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Scriabine A.) Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of
Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06420, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Scriabine, Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of
Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06420, United States. Email:
alexander.scriabine@snet.net
SOURCE
Cardiovascular Drug Reviews (2000) 18:1 (89-92). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
0897-5957
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cholinergic receptor
leptin
recombinant ciliary neurotrophic factor (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
4 aminobutyric acid A receptor
4 aminobutyric acid B receptor stimulating agent (drug dose, intraperitoneal
drug administration)
baclofen (drug dose, intracerebral drug administration, intraperitoneal drug
administration)
benzodiazepine receptor blocking agent
cannabinoid receptor antagonist
cholesterol ester transfer protein
diltiazem
dronabinol
eletriptan (drug comparison, pharmacokinetics)
epitope
flumazenil
lidocaine
lidocaine ethobromide
mevinolin
morphine (drug dose, subcutaneous drug administration)
neurosteroid
nifedipine
rimonabant
rosiglitazone
serotonin 1B receptor
sumatriptan (drug comparison, pharmacokinetics)
tetanus toxoid (drug development)
verapamil
zolmitriptan (drug comparison, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (drug therapy)
cardiovascular disease (etiology, prevention)
neurologic disease (drug therapy, etiology, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
atherosclerosis (etiology, prevention)
brain protection
conference paper
coughing (side effect)
cystic fibrosis (etiology)
drug induced disease (side effect)
drug mechanism
gene mutation
human
nausea (side effect)
neuropharmacology
non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (drug therapy)
nonhuman
priority journal
vomiting (side effect)
withdrawal syndrome
DRUG TRADE NAMES
qx 314
sr 141716a
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
baclofen (1134-47-0)
diltiazem (33286-22-5, 42399-41-7)
dronabinol (7663-50-5)
eletriptan (143322-58-1, 177834-92-3)
flumazenil (78755-81-4)
lidocaine ethobromide (21306-56-9)
lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9)
mevinolin (75330-75-5)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
nifedipine (21829-25-4)
rimonabant (158681-13-1, 168273-06-1)
rosiglitazone (122320-73-4, 155141-29-0)
sumatriptan (103628-46-2)
tetanus toxoid (57425-69-1, 93384-51-1)
verapamil (152-11-4, 52-53-9)
zolmitriptan (139264-17-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000199718
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 868
TITLE
Impact of the dial access drug information service on patient outcome
AUTHOR NAMES
Melnyk P.S.
Shevchuk Y.M.
Remillard A.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Melnyk P.S., paul.melnyk@usask.ca) Dial Access Drug Information Service,
College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Univ. of Saskatchewan at Saskatoon,
Saskatoon, Sask., Canada.
(Shevchuk Y.M.; Remillard A.J.) Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy
and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., Canada.
(Melnyk P.S., paul.melnyk@usask.ca) Dial Access Drug Information Service,
College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science
Place, Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 5C9, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.S. Melnyk, Dial Access Drug Information Service, College of Pharmacy and
Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Sask.
S7N 5C9, Canada. Email: paul.melnyk@usask.ca
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2000) 34:5 (585-592). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of a drug information service on patient
outcomes. DESIGN: Prospective evaluation of patient-specific drug
information requests. SETTING: Healthcare professional and consumer drug
information service located at a college of pharmacy. PARTICIPANTS:
Consumers and healthcare professionals of the province. INTERVENTION:
Patient-specific questions received by the drug information service were
reviewed and evaluated for actual patient outcome, inquirers' opinion of
impact of the service with respect to patient outcome, and for objectivity
and timeliness of the response. An expert panel determined whether the
responses and recommendations given by the service were appropriate,
determined what impact the service had on the patient, and assessed the
seriousness of the inquiry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Classification of patient
outcome by objective and subjective data based on predetermined desired
outcomes. RESULTS: Ninety- eight and 68 patient-specific requests were
received from healthcare professionals and consumers, respectively. The
panel concluded that 94.9% of the healthcare requests and 98.5% of the
consumer requests were answered appropriately and that the majority of the
requests involved potentially serious drug-related problems. The panel also
determined that 46.8% of the recommendations to healthcare professionals and
41.0% of the recommendations to consumers resulted in positive patient
outcomes. The majority of the positive outcomes involved the prevention of a
disease or its symptoms (professional section) and the reduction or
elimination of symptoms (consumer section). CONCLUSIONS: The drug
information service not only met its objectives of providing drug
information in an accurate, objective, and timely manner, but was also able
to provide positive patient outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug information
information service
patient care
telephone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
consultation
consumer
health care quality
health practitioner
human
outcomes research
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000169650
MEDLINE PMID
10852084 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10852084)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 869
TITLE
Cocaine misuse treatment in England
AUTHOR NAMES
Seivewright N.
Donmall M.
Douglas J.
Draycott T.
Millar T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Seivewright N.; Draycott T.) Substance Misuse Service, Comm. Hlth.
Sheffield NHS Trust, N., Sheffield, United Kingdom.
(Donmall M.; Douglas J.; Millar T.) Univ. Manchester Drug Misuse Res. U.,
Manchester, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N. Seivewright, Substance Misuse Service, Community Health Sheffield NHS
Trust, Norfolk House, 4 Norfolk St., Sheffield S1 2JB, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Drug Policy (2000) 11:3 (203-215). Date of
Publication: 1 May 2000
ISSN
0955-3959
ABSTRACT
Three methods were used to identify the treatments given to cocaine misusers
in England, and to make a preliminary assessment of effectiveness. First, a
postal survey of all known drug misuse treatment services ascertained
approximate numbers of cocaine misusers presenting and receiving a specified
range of treatments. Secondly, staff at selected services were interviewed
regarding treatment policies, and asked to subjectively rate short-term and
long-term effectiveness. Thirdly, a cohort of individuals in treatment were
studied prospectively to assess changes in drug usage and associated
problems. Fifty percent of services responded to the survey, but there was
known to be significant duplication in service listings and it is considered
that a representative pattern of clinical activity has been detected.
Approximately half those services had recently treated cocaine misusers,
mainly using counselling, residential rehabilitation, and pharmacological
treatments, in which 32 different medications were identified. Acupuncture
was prominent in a minority of services. Staff interviews suggested several
principles in managing cocaine misusers, while all treatments were rated as
being more effective in short-term relief of withdrawal features than in
enabling longer-term abstinence. The treatment cohort were mostly in
residential rehabilitation, and marked reductions in drug use and related
clinical and social problems were demonstrated. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science
B.V. All rights reserved.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine (drug therapy, drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amitriptyline (drug therapy)
benzodiazepine (drug therapy)
chlorpromazine (drug therapy)
desipramine (drug therapy)
dexamphetamine (drug therapy)
diazepam (drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug therapy)
methadone (drug therapy)
nitrazepam (drug therapy)
paroxetine (drug therapy)
temazepam (drug therapy)
thioridazine (drug therapy)
trifluoperazine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acupuncture
adult
clinical article
cohort analysis
female
human
interview
male
medical staff
patient counseling
policy
priority journal
prospective study
rehabilitation
review
social problem
treatment outcome
United Kingdom
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
dexamphetamine (1462-73-3, 51-63-8, 51-64-9)
diazepam (439-14-5)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
nitrazepam (146-22-5)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
temazepam (846-50-4)
thioridazine (130-61-0, 50-52-2)
trifluoperazine (117-89-5, 440-17-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000231274
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3959(00)00045-1
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 870
TITLE
Billing for cognitive services: Understanding Quebec pharmacists' behavior
AUTHOR NAMES
Kröger E.
Moisan J.
Grégoire J.-P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kröger E.; Moisan J.; Grégoire J.-P.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Moisan, Equipe de Pharmaco-Epidemiologie, Faculte de Pharmacie,
Universite Laval, bureau 1038, Cite universitaire, Laval, Que. G1K 7P4,
Canada. Email: Jocelyne.Moisan@pha.ulaval.ca
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2000) 34:3 (309-316). Date of Publication: 2000
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that pharmacists' interventions to
solve drug-related problems are effective and cost-saving. Since 1978, under
the Quebec provincial drug plan, payment for two cognitive services, the
pharmaceutical opinion and the refusal to dispense a prescription, has been
disbursed to community pharmacists. However, the number of claims for these
services lags far behind expectations. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors
influencing Quebec community pharmacists in the billing for a pharmaceutical
opinion or for a refusal to dispense. METHODS: Questions on predisposing,
enabling, and reinforcing factors potentially related to pharmacists'
behavior were included in a self-administered questionnaire sent to all 3517
community pharmacists practicing in the province of Quebec during 1996.
Using multivariate logistic regression, models were built to explain billing
for an opinion and billing for a refusal. RESULTS: According to our models,
the typical pharmacist who billed for opinions or refusals in Quebec is <45
years of age, has attended a continuing education program on this topic, and
believes that billing for interventions is important. This typical
pharmacist handles a mean daily volume of 100-250 prescriptions, uses a
decision-support computer program, and has sufficient technical staff
assistance. This pharmacist believes that interventions can be billed
rapidly and are consistently paid by the province's drug plan. CONCLUSIONS:
In order to increase the billing of pharmaceutical care in community
pharmacies, tailored educational programs should be offered to pharmacists.
There is also a need to improve working conditions in pharmacies.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
attitude
behavior
Canada
continuing education
female
human
male
medical fee
pharmacist
priority journal
work environment
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000090676
MEDLINE PMID
10917375 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10917375)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 871
TITLE
The regional drug-therapy consultation service centre - A conception that
has been serving patients and physicians alike for 30 years in Magdeburg
(Germany)
AUTHOR NAMES
Tröger U.
Meyer F.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tröger U., uwe.troeger@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de; Meyer F.P.) University
Hospital Magdeburg, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Medizinische
Fakultät, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
U. Troger, University Hospital Magdeburg, Institute of Clinical
Pharmacology, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat, Leipziger Str. 44, D-39120
Magdeburg, Germany. Email: uwe.troeger@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de
SOURCE
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2000) 55:10 (707-711). Date of
Publication: 2000
ISSN
0031-6970
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Thirty years ago, a drug therapy consultation service centre was
established simultaneously with the Institute of Clinical Pharmacology based
at the university hospital in Magdeburg. The combination of therapeutic drug
monitoring and a drug information service including individual patient-
oriented drug dosage and bedside consultation permits an effective support
of the treatment of drug related therapeutic problems. Currently, the
service offers drug monitoring for 161 drugs and additional 46 metabolites.
Methods and discussion: In a representative 2-year period (1997-1998), drug
monitoring was performed for 6293 patients, and 569 drug-related inquiries
were answered. The main categories of required drug information were:
pharmacokinetics/metabolism/analytical problems (38%), adverse drug
reactions/drug safety (24%), therapeutic drug use/drug indication (21%) and
pharmaceuticals (9%). Further activities of the institute refer to teaching
of undergraduates, continuing education of local physicians in recent
aspects of drug therapy, providing therapeutic bulletins and conducting
supporting clinical studies.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anticonvulsive agent (adverse drug reaction, pharmaceutics,
pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug monitoring
drug safety
drug surveillance program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
consultation
data base
drug induced disease (side effect)
drug use
Germany
health care organization
human
pharmaceutical care
priority journal
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000052759
MEDLINE PMID
10663447 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10663447)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 872
TITLE
Factors influencing the detection rate of drug-related problems in community
pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Westerlund T.
Almarsdóttir A.B.
Melander A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Westerlund T.) Apoteken i Skåne, Apoteket Björnen, P.O. Box 1052, SE-251 10
Helsingborg, Sweden.
(Almarsdóttir A.B.) Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Department of Social
Pharmacy, 2 Universitetsparken, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
(Melander A.) Swed. Netwk. Pharmacoepidemiology D., Medical Research Centre,
Malmö University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Westerlund, Apoteken i Skane, Apoteket Bjornen, P.O. Box 1052, SE-251 10
Helsingborg, Sweden.
SOURCE
Pharmacy World and Science (1999) 21:6 (245-250). Date of Publication: 1999
ISSN
0928-1231
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzes relationships between the number of drug-related
problems detected in community pharmacy practice and the educational level
and other characteristics of pharmacy personnel and their work sites. Random
samples of pharmacists, prescriptionists and pharmacy technicians were drawn
nationwide in Sweden. One hundred and forty-four (63%) of those meeting the
inclusion criteria agreed to take part. The participants documented
medication-related problems, interventions and patient variables on a data
collection form. The drug-related problems were weighted by the number of
patients served by each professional. The regression analysis showed the
educational level of the professional to have a statistically significant
effect on the detection rate, with pharmacists finding on average 2.5 more
drug-related problems per 100 patients than prescriptionists and about 3.6
more than technicians. Previous participation in a study or activity on
drug- related problems and the size of the pharmacy also had statistically
significant effects on the problem detection rate. The use of open-ended
questions to create a dialogue with the patient seemed to be a successful
means of discover problems. The results of the indicate the importance of
education and training of pharmacy personnel in detection of drug-related
problems. This findings speaks in favor of increasing the pharmacists to
other personnel ratio, provided the higher costs will be offset by social
benefits.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
job performance
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
academic achievement
article
controlled study
drug misuse
human
normal human
patient education
patient guidance
pharmaceutical care
pharmacy
Sweden
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000028096
MEDLINE PMID
10658231 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10658231)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008767406692
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 873
TITLE
Motivations for and barriers to community pharmacy services for drug
misusers
AUTHOR NAMES
Matheson C.
Bond C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Matheson C., c.i.math@abdn.ac.uk; Bond C.M.) Department of General Practice
and Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Health Centre,
Westburn Road, Aberdeen, AB25 2AY, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Matheson, Dept. General Practice Primary Care, University of Abcrdeen,
Foresterhill Health Centre, Westburn Road, Aberdeen AB25 2AY, United
Kingdom. Email: c.i.math@abdn.ac.uk
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (1999) 7:4 (256-263). Date of
Publication: Dec 1999
ISSN
0961-7671
ABSTRACT
Objective - To investigate what motivated pharmacists to provide drug misuse
services and, conversely, what barriers prevented service provision. Method
- Telephone interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 45
volunteering respondents to a national questionnaire survey to gain in-depth
information. Setting - Forty-five community pharmacists in Scotland. Key
findings - Pharmacists were found to be motivated to provide services by an
awareness of the needs of the community, a desire to reduce the spread of
blood-borne diseases and a desire to expand their professional services.
Barriers to service provision were concerns for the effect on other
customers, safety, workload and poor remuneration. Conclusion - The active
encouragement of local health boards, professional endorsement, further
education and remuneration might encourage pharmacists' participation in
drug misuse services. This would enable the principles of harm reduction to
be widely practised.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community care
drug abuse
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
financial management
health care availability
human
motivation
normal human
priority journal
prophylaxis
United Kingdom
workload
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000059978
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 874
TITLE
The frequency of caffeine withdrawal in a population-based survey and in a
controlled, blinded pilot experiment
AUTHOR NAMES
Dews P.B.
Curtis G.L.
Hanford K.J.
O'Brien C.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dews P.B.; Curtis G.L.; Hanford K.J.; O'Brien C.P.) University of
Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3900 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia,
PA 19104-6178, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.P. O'Brien, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, 3900
Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6178, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1999) 39:12 (1221-1232). Date of
Publication: 1999
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Reports of symptoms when regular caffeine consumption is stopped have
appeared in the medical literature, but the frequency and significance of
this phenomenon have remained controversial. The objective of this study was
to collect information on the prevalence and severity of caffeine withdrawal
in the general population and determine the incidence and type of symptoms
reported on blind abrupt and gradual caffeine cessation among coffee
drinkers reporting past episodes of caffeine-withdrawal symptoms. A
community-based telephone survey was followed by a stratified, randomized,
double-blind controlled study. Participants included 11, 112 persons
spontaneously calling to inquire about studies not related to caffeine and
57 regular caffeine users selected from among the callers because of
self-reported caffeine-withdrawal symptoms. Gradual or abrupt withdrawal
from caffeine was compared to continuation of the same caffeine level. In a
survey of 11,112 persons, 61% reported daily caffeine consumption, and 11%
of the caffeine consumers reported symptoms upon stopping caffeine. Among
the regular caffeine users, only 0.9% of males and 5.5% of females reported
symptoms significant enough to interfere with normal activities when they
abruptly stopped caffeine. A group of those reporting withdrawal symptoms
were randomly assigned to three subsamples. In the group subjected to abrupt
withdrawal (N = 18), 6 (33.3%) reported symptoms (e.g., headaches and
tiredness). Including decreases in functional ratings, a total of 7 of the
18 (38.8%) could be considered to have experienced caffeine withdrawal. The
gradual withdrawal group (N = 20) reported minimal if any caffeine
withdrawal symptoms. A third group (N = 18) was kept on a level dose of
caffeine for comparison. When participants are unaware of the
caffeine-withdrawal focus of the study, these results suggest that both the
frequency and severity of caffeine-withdrawal symptoms are much lower than
found in some previous reports and that clinically significant symptoms may
be uncommon events among the general population. (C) 1999 the American
College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
caffeine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical trial
coffee
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
double blind procedure
drinking
female
frequency analysis
functional assessment
human
major clinical study
male
randomized controlled trial
self report
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
caffeine (58-08-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000295878
MEDLINE PMID
10586387 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10586387)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 875
TITLE
Buprenorphine pharmacokinetics: Relative bioavailability of sublingual
tablet and liquid formulations
AUTHOR NAMES
Nath R.P.
Upton R.A.
Everhart E.T.
Cheung P.
Shwonek P.
Jones R.T.
Mendelson J.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nath R.P.; Upton R.A.; Everhart E.T.; Cheung P.; Shwonek P.; Jones R.T.;
Mendelson J.E.) Drug Dependence Research Center, Langley Porter Psychiatric
Institute, Univ. of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San
Francisco, CA 94143-0984, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.E. Mendelson, Drug Dependence Research Center, Langley Porter Psychiatric
Institute, Univ. of California, San Francisco, 401 Parnassus Avenue, San
Francisco, CA 94143-0984, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1999) 39:6 (619-623). Date of Publication:
1999
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Buprenorphine is an effective new treatment for opiate dependence. This
study compared the bioavailability of buprenorphine from a tablet to that
from a reference solution. Six men experienced with, but not dependent on,
opiates (DSM-III-R) were each administered 7.7 mg of buprenorphine in liquid
form and 8 mg in tablet form 1 week apart in a balanced crossover design.
Plasma levels were measured by electron capture capillary gas chromatography
(GC), and concentration-time curves were constructed. Pharmacokinetic data
were analyzed by analysis of variance. The bioavailability from the tablet
was approximately 50% that from the liquid and was not affected by saliva
pH. Lower bioavailability from the tablet may be due to slow dissolution.
(C) 1999 the American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine (clinical trial, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, sublingual
drug administration)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
opiate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug bioavailability
liquid
tablet formulation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
area under the curve
article
capillary gas chromatography
clinical trial
crossover procedure
drug blood level
drug solubility
electron capture detection
human
human experiment
male
normal human
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)National Institute On Drug Abuse
(United States)Reckitt and Colman
(United States)Research Triangle Institute
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2000289083
MEDLINE PMID
10354966 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10354966)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 876
TITLE
Community-based geriatric pharmaceutical care: From theory to practice
AUTHOR NAMES
Grymonpre R.E.
Vercaigne L.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grymonpre R.E.; Vercaigne L.M.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of
Manitoba, 50 Sifton Rd., Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.E. Grymonpre, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Rd.,
Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (1999) 132:9 (38-43+50). Date of
Publication: 1999
ISSN
0828-6914
ABSTRACT
The goal of this project was to motivate and educate participating
pharmacists in the delivery of community-based geriatric pharmaceutical care
and to initiate change within the profession towards this philosophy of
practice. After an initial training period and meetings with project support
staff, pharmacists began providing pharmaceutical care services to patients.
Over 9 months, 29 clients were recruited by 5 pharmacists. When outliers
were excluded, 24 clients had an average of 3.7 drug-related problems each.
Of the 112 issues identified in all patients, 62 (55%) were favorably
resolved, 17 (15%) were partially resolved and 15 (13%) were not resolved,
i.e., where the intervention did not result in the desired endpoint change.
At the time of this report, follow-up was incomplete on 18 (16%) of the
interventions. Non-institutionalized seniors significantly benefited from
the provision of pharmeceutical care services in the community setting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
geriatric care
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
community care
education
health care delivery
health service
pharmacist
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2002190568
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 877
TITLE
Tools used to help community pharmacists implement comprehensive
pharmaceutical care.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kassam R.
Farris K.B.
Cox C.E.
Volume C.I.
Cave A.
Schopflocher D.P.
Tessier G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kassam R.; Farris K.B.; Cox C.E.; Volume C.I.; Cave A.; Schopflocher D.P.;
Tessier G.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Kassam, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver. Email: rokassam@unixg.ubc.ca
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(1999) 39:6 (843-856). Date of Publication: 1999 Nov-Dec
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the tools and processes used in the practice
enhancement program (PEP) of the Pharmaceutical Care Research and Education
Project to enable community pharmacists to acquire the necessary skills,
knowledge, and attitudes to deliver comprehensive pharmaceutical care to
elderly ambulatory patients. SETTING: Independent community pharmacies in
Alberta. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: The PEP was designed to allow self-directed
learning in a problem-based environment. The intent was for pharmacists to
apply the knowledge they gained to improve drug therapy outcomes. PRACTICE
INNOVATION: As a systematic approach to providing care, several tools were
adapted to help pharmacists execute tasks required by the nine steps of the
pharmaceutical care process proposed by Helper and Strand. These tools and
processes facilitated (1) self-directed learning about diseases and drugs,
(2) acquisition of relevant patient data, (3) a consistent and stepwise
approach to the identification and resolution of drug-related problems, (4)
documentation of care provided, and (5) continuity of care. RESULTS: To help
pharmacists in the PEP acquire the necessary competency to provide
pharmaceutical care, they were required to use the tools and processes
described herein to work up and resolve patient problems. Initially, patient
problems were presented as paper cases covering a range of acute and chronic
problems, including topics applicable to geriatric patients. This was
followed by a practicum phase wherein patient problems represented
individuals from among their clientele. CONCLUSION: The tools and processes
used in the project increased community pharmacists' competency for
providing pharmaceutical care, by helping them develop the needed skills,
knowledge, and attitudes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
algorithm
article
attitude to health
Canada
female
geriatrics
human
medical record
organization and management
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
10609451 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10609451)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 878
TITLE
Characteristics of pharmacies and pharmacists associated with the provision
of cognitive services in the community setting.
AUTHOR NAMES
Christensen D.B.
Hansen R.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Christensen D.B.; Hansen R.W.) Division of Pharmaceutical Policy and
Evaluative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill 27599-7360, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.B. Christensen, Division of Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative Sciences,
School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7360,
USA. Email: dale_christensen@unc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(1999) 39:5 (640-649). Date of Publication: 1999 Sep-Oct
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of payment, pharmacy setting
characteristics, pharmacist demographics, practice setting, and attitudinal
characteristics on whether cognitive services (CS) were performed by
pharmacists, and the volume of CS performed. DESIGN: Prospective randomized
trial. Community pharmacies were randomized to a documentation-and-payment
group (study group) and a documentation-only group (control). Participating
pharmacies and pharmacists were surveyed by mail, and responses were linked
to a documented CS database. SETTING: Community pharmacies serving
ambulatory Medicaid patients in the state of Washington, excluding health
maintenance organization pharmacies and pharmacies predominantly serving
long-term care residents. PARTICIPANTS: 200 community pharmacies and their
pharmacists (110 study, 90 control) participating in the Washington State
Cognitive Activities and Reimbursement Effectiveness (CARE) Project.
INTERVENTION: Payment for CS. All participants documented CS. Study group
pharmacies billed Medicaid for services performed in identifying and
resolving drug therapy-related problems. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Documentation
of CS. RESULTS: Documentation of CS was more likely if the pharmacist was an
owner or manager, if documentation was not perceived as burdensome, and if
the pharmacy had a low ratio of prescription to total sales. Higher
documentation rates were associated with study group status, lower pharmacy
prescription volume as a percentage of total sales, and a higher percentage
of prescriptions billed to Medicaid. Among pharmacists, two setting
variables--medical center location and rural location--were associated with
higher documentation rates. CONCLUSION: Performance of CS was strongly
affected by payment and other situational factors, including practice
setting and volume of prescriptions dispensed. Pharmacies and pharmacists
were also more likely to perform CS if the target patient population
represented a relatively large percentage of that pharmacy's patient
clientele.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient education
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
medicaid
statistics
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
10533345 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10533345)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 879
TITLE
Influence of a financial incentive on cognitive services: CARE project
design/implementation.
AUTHOR NAMES
Christensen D.B.
Holmes G.
Fassett W.E.
Neil N.
Andrilla C.H.
Smith D.H.
Andrews A.
Bell E.J.
Hansen R.W.
Shafer R.
Stergachis A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Christensen D.B.; Holmes G.; Fassett W.E.; Neil N.; Andrilla C.H.; Smith
D.H.; Andrews A.; Bell E.J.; Hansen R.W.; Shafer R.; Stergachis A.)
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington,
Seattle, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.B. Christensen, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of
Washington, Seattle, USA. Email: dale_christensen@unc.edu
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(1999) 39:5 (629-639). Date of Publication: 1999 Sep-Oct
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the design and methods of the Washington State
Cognitive Activities and Reimbursement Effectiveness (CARE) Project, a
demonstration project in which community pharmacies were paid for cognitive
services (CS) provided to Medicaid patients, its evaluation objectives, and
the extent to which implementation objectives were achieved. DESIGN:
Prospective randomized trial. Community pharmacies were allocated to a
documentation-and-payment group, documentation-only group, and "silent"
control group. CS were reported using a problem-intervention-result
classification system embedded within a pseudo-National Drug Code format.
Management strategies included use of area coordinators. SETTING: Pharmacies
serving ambulatory Medicaid patients in the state of Washington, excluding
staff-model health maintenance organization pharmacies and pharmacies
predominantly serving long-term-care residents. PARTICIPANTS: 200 community
pharmacies (110 treatment; 90 control), with another 100 randomly selected
pharmacies as a silent control group. INTERVENTIONS: A modest monthly
stipend. The treatment group billed Medicaid for each documented CS
associated with a drug therapy-related problem. All participants received
training in documentation methods. A unique coding scheme allowed
documentation of CS within the constraints of the Medicaid program. Data
edit checks and feedback were used to ensure data quality and completeness.
Area coordinators were used to facilitate training, compliance with study
procedures, and participation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation rates,
documentation rates, coding scheme revision, data quality and completeness
rates, and effectiveness of area coordinators. RESULTS: Pharmacists
documented more than 20,240 CS records. Approximately 89% of records passed
edit checks, and 94% did so after modification. Nearly 83% could be linked
to a paid drug or CS claim. The coding system was sufficient, with minor
modifications, to account for all interventions documented. Area
coordinators did not function as expected. CONCLUSION: A system for
documentation and payment of pharmacists' CS to Medicaid recipients was
implemented successfully and relatively easily in community pharmacies.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medicaid
patient education
reimbursement
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
double blind procedure
economics
human
pharmacy
prospective study
randomized controlled trial
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
10533344 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10533344)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 880
TITLE
A comparative analysis of opinions on the use of illicit drugs by sports
science, business studies and pharmacy undergraduate students
AUTHOR NAMES
Mottram D.R.
Minten J.
Murphy D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mottram D.R.; Minten J.; Murphy D.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, School
of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street,
Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.R. Mottram, Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and
Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF,
United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy (1999) 16:1 (61-68). Date of
Publication: 1999
ISSN
0281-0662
ABSTRACT
Comparison of opinions of Pharmacy, Sports Science and Business Studies
students on illicit drug use was investigated using a structured
questionnaire. Overall, the percentage of students estimated to use illicit
drugs (52.6%) was double the percentage actually known by respondents to
take drugs (25.6%). Pharmacy students estimated and knew far fewer drug
users. In response to a number of statements presented, students generally
disagreed that there is no harm in seeking excitement through drugs but
tended to be neutral that it is ethically wrong to take drugs. Illicit drugs
were perceived as having a risk to health and being able to affect ability
to perform tasks such as driving. Business Studies students exhibited the
most liberal attitudes. There was little difference in attitude between
students based on level of participation in sport and exercise or on gender.
Consequences for future professional conduct and for drug misuse in sport
are discussed.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
illicit drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cannabis
cocaine
lysergide
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude
female
health hazard
human
male
questionnaire
student
university
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
lysergide (50-37-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999252754
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 881
TITLE
Assessment of drug-related problems in clinical nutrition patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Cerulli J.
Malone M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cerulli J.; Malone M.) Division of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of
Pharmacy, Albany, NY, United States.
(Cerulli J.) Division of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106
New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208-3492, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Cerulli, Division of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106
New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208-3492, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (1999) 23:4 (218-221). Date of
Publication: 1999
ISSN
0148-6071
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 8630 Fenton Steet,
Suite 412, Silver Spring, United States.
ABSTRACT
Background: Medication use in clinical nutrition patients is affected by
concomitant disease states and alterations in medication administration and
delivery. The purpose of this evaluation was to document the number and type
of drug-related problems that occurred and to evaluate the effect
pharmacists had on the care of nutrition patients. Methods: Patients were
evaluated by a pharmacist who was part of the clinical nutrition team.
Drug-related problems were identified and recommendations were made to
resolve them. Acceptance of the recommendations and patient outcomes were
documented. Results: After the evaluation of 440 patients, 220 pharmacist
interventions were made. Interventions included 35 drug information requests
and 185 recommendations made to solve identified drug-related problems in
126 patients. The most frequent drug-related problems were drug interactions
(33/185) and untreated indications (24/185). Of 185 recommendations, 166
were accepted, and 19 were accepted with a modification. A total of 132 of
155 recommendations that were accepted or accepted with modification had a
positive outcome: 45 patients responded, and 87 patients developed no
complications. Six patients did not respond to the recommendation, and in 17
patients the outcome was unknown. Fifty-eight recommendations avoided
potential adverse drug events. Conclusions: Pharmacist intervention
identified drug-related problems in almost 30% of clinical nutrition
patients. The identification and resolution of the problems had a positive
effect on patient care, as indicated by patient outcome and the avoidance of
adverse drug events. The drug-related problem approach identified areas in
which pharmacists can educate the health care team and ensure proper
medication use in this patient population.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aminoglycoside antibiotic agent (drug dose)
antacid agent (drug combination, drug interaction)
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent (adverse drug reaction, drug
therapy)
calcium (drug combination, drug interaction)
histamine H2 receptor antagonist (drug administration)
phenytoin
quinoline derived antiinfective agent (drug combination, drug interaction)
serotonin uptake inhibitor
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
nutrition
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug choice
drug indication
drug mixture
enteric feeding
food drug interaction
human
hypotension (side effect)
patient care
pharmacist
priority journal
tremor (drug therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium (7440-70-2)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999233372
MEDLINE PMID
10421391 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10421391)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 882
TITLE
Anxiety disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Leaman T.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Leaman T.L.) 77 Hill Manor Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-2510, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.L. Leaman, 77 Hill Manor Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-2510, United States.
SOURCE
Primary Care - Clinics in Office Practice (1999) 26:2 (197-210). Date of
Publication: 1999
ISSN
0095-4543
BOOK PUBLISHER
W.B. Saunders, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, United States.
ABSTRACT
Most people with anxiety disorders do not seek professional help of any
kind, providing primary care physicians a significant opportunity to detect
these treatable disorders. The earlier they are diagnosed, the better the
prognosis for treatment and for preventing comorbidity. The majority of
those patients who do seek help for the relief of these symptoms of anxiety
disorders do consult primary care physicians. Early diagnosis depends on a
keen awareness of the possibilities of an anxiety disorder indicated by any
of the multiplicity of symptoms that patients may experience. A variety of
patient questionnaires that are intended for use as screening instruments
are available. These are useful diagnostically, but are perhaps better used
to monitor the effects of treatment. A much more appropriate technique in
primary care, in the author's view, is a personalized approach, such as
described in the BATHE technique. BATHE is an acronym for the essential
components of an interview, designed to fit smoothly into a 15-minute
interview. 'This interview format allows the physician to assess the
background situation, the patient's affect, the problem that is most
troubling for the patient and the manner in which the patient is handling
the problem. It concludes with a response that conveys empathy.' A correct
identification of the primary diagnosis is important, because the choice of
therapy differs. Secondary diagnoses present additional challenges, and
therapy may need to be adjusted accordingly. It is essential to remember
that most anxiety diseases are chronic in nature and long-term monitoring,
psychotherapy, and drugs may be required. The three elements of treatment,
psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and patient education are well within the
province of most primary care physicians. One of the limiting factors is
time. Practical methods of handling this therapy within a reasonable time
frame is provided in The Fifteen Minute Hour; Applied Psychotherapy for the
Primary Care Physician. Patient information materials are available through
pharmaceutical companies, The American Academy of Family Physicians, or
several books written for patients. Anxiety disorders, therefore, unless
there are serious complications or the patient becomes intractable to
therapy, are really not psychiatric diseases but primary care diseases.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug therapy)
serotonin uptake inhibitor (drug therapy)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alprazolam (drug dose, drug therapy)
amfebutamone (drug dose, drug therapy)
clonazepam (drug dose, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (drug dose, drug therapy)
fluvoxamine (drug dose, drug therapy)
imipramine (drug dose, drug therapy)
lorazepam (drug dose, drug therapy)
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (drug dose, drug therapy)
paroxetine (drug dose, drug therapy)
sertraline (drug dose, drug therapy)
trazodone (drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
anxiety neurosis (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical feature
cognitive therapy
drug dependence (complication)
empathy
mental test
obsession (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, therapy)
panic (drug therapy, epidemiology, therapy)
patient education
phobia (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology, therapy)
posttraumatic stress disorder (drug therapy, epidemiology, etiology,
therapy)
primary medical care
priority journal
prognosis
psychotherapy
relapse
review
screening test
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
fluvoxamine (54739-18-3)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999205053
MEDLINE PMID
10318744 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10318744)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 883
TITLE
A pilot project: Continuing education for pharmacists on substance abuse
prevention
AUTHOR NAMES
Graham A.
Pfeifer J.
Trumble J.
Nelson E.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Graham A.) Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western
Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
(Pfeifer J.) Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University
of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
(Trumble J.) Amer. Acad. of Addiction Psychiatry, Prairie Village, KS,
United States.
(Nelson E.D.) Dept. Pharmacol. and Cell Biophys., School of Medicine,
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
(Graham A.) Department of Family Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,
10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4950, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A. Graham, Department of Family Medicine, Case Western Reserve University,
10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4950, United States.
SOURCE
Substance Abuse (1999) 20:1 (33-43). Date of Publication: 1999
ISSN
0889-7077
ABSTRACT
The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy advocates that pharmacists
can have a significant impact on substance abuse prevention provided they
receive adequate training. Continuing education programs are needed to
enable practicing pharmacists to augment their limited education. This paper
examines the process the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) used
to develop a pilot continuing education program for pharmacists. With
limited literature and a small number of pharmacy teaching about substance
abuse, input on topics and training methods was obtained from a convenience
sample of practicing pharmacists to enhance the information from the
pharmacist faculty regarded as content experts. Results of this pilot study
revealed lack of agreement between faculty and practicing pharmacists
regarding the prioritizing of content and educational methods. Consequently,
input must be obtained from targeted audiences instead of relying solely on
the advice of identified academic content experts when designing continuing
educational programs. Other professions should consider this process when
designing continuing education programs. Pharmacists are poised to play an
important role in the prevention of substance abuse problems, but they need
continuing education about substance abuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
continuing education
pharmacist
preventive medicine
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
curriculum
drug abuse
education
family medicine
health program
patient care
professional practice
training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999207475
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021396706202
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 884
TITLE
Depression in children and adolescents: A guide to diagnosis and treatment
AUTHOR NAMES
Emslie G.J.
Mayes T.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Emslie G.J.; Mayes T.L.) Univ. of TX Southwestern Med. Ctr., Children's
Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States.
(Emslie G.J.) Univ. of TX Southwestern Med. Ctr., 5323 Harry Hines
Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75235-8897, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
G.J. Emslie, Texas Univ. Southwestern Med. Ctr., 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard,
Dallas, TX 75235-8897, United States.
SOURCE
CNS Drugs (1999) 11:3 (181-189). Date of Publication: 1999
ISSN
1172-7047
ABSTRACT
Mood disorders are prevalent and serious disorders in children and
adolescents, often causing substantial difficulties in school performance
and social relationships. Although the criteria for major depressive
disorder are the same for children and adolescents as for adults, some
challenges exist in ascertaining the diagnosis. For example, children often
have difficulty in expressing or recalling information regarding their
disorder; therefore, multiple informants (usually parents) must often be
used to obtain the information. In addition, comorbid diagnoses are common
in early onset depression, making diagnosis more difficult. However,
depression is diagnosable in children and adolescents. The treatment of
depression in this population is multi-modal, including the child, parents
and school, and is aimed at shortening the episode of depression. Treatment,
which is individualised based on need, may include psychotherapy, family
therapy or education, and pharmacological treatment. Selective serotonin (5-
hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors are generally the first line of
pharmacological treatment in children and adolescents, as they are well
tolerated and appear to have fewer adverse effects than antidepressants. As
with adults, the majority of children and adolescents with depression do
recover within 1 to 2 years; however, recurrence is common. In fact, the
recurrence rate is somewhat higher in children and adolescents than in
adults. Unfortunately, little research has been done regarding maintenance
treatment in children and adolescents. Further research in this area is
needed to determine the most effective duration of medication treatment.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
citalopram (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
fluoxetine (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
fluvoxamine (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
paroxetine (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
sertraline (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
nefazodone (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
venlafaxine (drug dose, drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
depression (diagnosis, drug therapy, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
affective neurosis
anxiety neurosis (diagnosis, drug therapy)
brain injury
child
differential diagnosis
dysphoria
dysthymia
eating disorder (diagnosis, drug therapy)
epilepsy
follow up
human
learning disorder
major clinical study
medical decision making
migraine
priority journal
psychotherapy
review
substance abuse
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
citalopram (59729-33-8)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
fluvoxamine (54739-18-3)
nefazodone (82752-99-6, 83366-66-9)
paroxetine (61869-08-7)
sertraline (79617-96-2)
venlafaxine (93413-69-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999112995
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 885
TITLE
Attitudes and practices of pharmacy managers regarding needle sales to
injection drug users.
AUTHOR NAMES
Farley T.A.
Niccolai L.M.
Billeter M.
Kissinger P.J.
Grace M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Farley T.A.; Niccolai L.M.; Billeter M.; Kissinger P.J.; Grace M.) HIV/STD
Section, Louisiana Office of Public Health, New Orleans, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.A. Farley, HIV/STD Section, Louisiana Office of Public Health, New
Orleans, USA.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Washington,D.C. : 1996)
(1999) 39:1 (23-26). Date of Publication: 1999 Jan-Feb
ISSN
1086-5802
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine Louisiana pharmacy managers' attitudes and practices
regarding needle and syringe sales to suspected injection drug users (IDUs)
without prescriptions, and to assess which factors affect their decisions to
sell nonprescription needles and syringes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional mail
survey. SETTING: The six most populous cities of Louisiana. PARTICIPANTS:
Pharmacy managers with active permits not affiliated with large hospitals or
institutions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Selling nonprescription needles to
suspected IDUs, willingness to sell nonprescription needles to suspected
IDUs, and reasons for not selling nonprescription needles to suspected IDUs.
RESULTS: Approximately one-fourth of the respondents reported that they had
sold needles and syringes to suspected IDUs without a prescription. The most
frequently cited reason for not selling was fear of increasing drug use;
however, many of these pharmacists reported that they would conduct a sale
if the customer had a referral from an agency or clinic. CONCLUSION:
Pharmacists can assist in the prevention of HIV transmission through
nonprescription needle sales to IDUs. This role can be promoted through
education of pharmacists and development of referral systems for IDUs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude to health
needle
pharmacist
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
cross-sectional study
female
health care delivery
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
information processing
male
questionnaire
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
9990183 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9990183)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 886
TITLE
Use of the Internet for addiction education: Combining network therapy with
pharmacotherapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Galanter M.
Keller D.S.
Dermatis H.
Biderman D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Galanter M.; Keller D.S.; Dermatis H.; Biderman D.) Div. of Alcoholism and
Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Medical Center, 550 First Avenue,
NB20N29, New York, NY 10016, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Galanter, Division of Alcoholism/Drug Abuse, Department of Psychiatry,
NYU Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal on Addictions (1998) 7:1 (7-13). Date of Publication:
Winter 1998
ISSN
1055-0496
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69 - 77 Paul Street, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
The authors prepared a course in addiction psychiatry for the Internet that
combines a psychosocial and a medication mo dality for alcoholism; namely,
network therapy and naltrexone. Responses of those who accessed the course
revealed 679 counts (visits) at the Web Site. A group of 210 unique
respondents, of whom 154 were psychiatrists, answered a demo graphic
question set. Over half of these psychiatrists completed the course and
evaluated it. The majority indicated that it helped them understand 'a good
deal' about the management of alcoholism and the use of network therapy and
naltrexone. This result suggests the feasibility of using the Internet as a
vehicle for teaching in addiction psychiatry, an area where needs for
training are often unmet.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
naltrexone (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
Internet
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
alcoholism (drug therapy, therapy)
article
human
medical education
network therapy
psychiatry
teaching
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998091730
MEDLINE PMID
9522002 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9522002)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 887
TITLE
Pharmacy access to syringes among injecting drug users: Follow-up findings
from Hartford, Connecticut
AUTHOR NAMES
Singer M.
Baer H.A.
Scott G.
Horowitz S.
Weinstein B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Singer M.; Baer H.A.; Scott G.; Horowitz S.; Weinstein B.) Hispanic Health
Council, 175 Main Street, Hartford, CT 06106, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Singer, Hispanic Health Council, 175 Main Street, Hartford, CT 06106,
United States. Email: anthro8566@aol.com
SOURCE
Public Health Reports (1998) 113:SUPPL. 1 (81-89). Date of Publication: 1998
ISSN
0033-3549
BOOK PUBLISHER
Association of Schools of Public Health, 1101 15th Street NW Suite 910,
Washington, United States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To break the link between drug use and the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), in 1992 the state of Connecticut rescinded a 14-year ban on
pharmacy sales of syringes without a physician's prescription. In 1993, the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) evaluated the impact of the
new legislation on access to syringes among injecting drug users (IDUs) and
found an initial pattern of expanded access. However, it also found that
some pharmacies, after negative experiences with IDU customers, reverted to
requiring a prescription. This chapter reports findings from a four-year
follow-up study of current IDU access to over-the- counter (OTC) pharmacy
syringes in Hartford, Connecticut. Methods. Through structured interviews,
brief telephone interviews, and mailed surveys, data on nonprescription
syringe sale practices were collected on 27 pharmacies, including 18 of the
21 pharmacies in Hartford and nine from pharmacies in contiguous towns,
during June and July 1997. Interview data on pharmacy syringe purchase from
two samples of IDUs, a group of out-of-treatment injectors recruited through
street outreach, and a sample of users of the Hartford Needle Exchange
Program, also are reported. Results. The study found that, while market
trends as well as negative experiences have further limited pharmacy
availability of nonprescription syringes, pharmacies remain an important
source of sterile syringes for IDUs. However, the distribution of access is
not even; in some areas of the city it is much easier to purchase
nonprescription syringes than in others. All of the seven pharmacies located
on the north end of Hartford reported that they had a policy of selling OTC
syringes, whereas only six (54.5%) of the II pharmacies located on the south
end have such a policy. Overt racial discrimination was not found to be a
barrier to OTC access to syringes. Conclusions. To further decrease acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk among IDUs, there is a need for public
education to counter empirically unsupported stereotypes about IDUs that
diminish their access to health care and AIDS prevention resources and
services. In states or cities where pharmacy sale of nonprescription
syringes is illegal, policy makers should examine the benefits of removing
existing barriers to sterile syringe acquisition. In cases in which pharmacy
sale of nonprescription syringes is legal, local health departments should
implement educational programs to inform pharmacy staff and management about
the critically important role low-cost (or cost- free), sterile syringe
access can play in HIV prevention.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health care access
health education
health program
law
management
marketing
pharmacy
prescription
priority journal
race
syringe
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1999247761
MEDLINE PMID
9722813 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9722813)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 888
TITLE
Withdrawal after narcotic therapy: A survey of neonatal and pediatric
clinicians
AUTHOR NAMES
Scott C.S.
Decker J.L.
Edwards M.L.
Freid E.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Scott C.S.; Decker J.L.) Division of Pharmacotherapy, School of Pharmacy,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
(Freid E.B.) Depts. of Anesth. and Pediatrics, School of Medicine,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
(Edwards M.L.) Department of Nursing, Univ. of North Carolina Hospitals,
Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
(Scott C.S.) CB #7360 Beard Hall, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of N. Carolina
at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.S. Scott, 7360 Beard Hall, School of Pharmacy, University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, United States.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (1998) 18:6 I (1308-1312). Date of Publication:
November/December 1998
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Pharmacists at the 1995 American College of Clinical Pharmacy Pediatric
Practice and Research Network meeting volunteered to act as coordinators at
their sites and survey pediatric and neonatal nurses, pharmacists, and
physicians regarding dependency in neonatal and pediatric patients after
therapeutic administration of narcotics. Thirteen (60%) of 21 coordinators
returned 244 surveys. Primary symptoms of withdrawal reported by clinicians
were agitation (100%), irritability (100%), inconsolability (100%), crying
(99%), tremors (98%), high heart rate (98%), fidgets (98%), high blood
pressure (97%), less sleep (96%), and sweating (94%). Most clinicians
considered narcotic withdrawal to be a problem (74%) that should be treated
(87%). A dependency scale is being developed and will include symptoms
reported by more than 75% of respondents.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic agent (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic dependence
newborn care
withdrawal syndrome (side effect)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug induced disease (side effect)
human
hypertension (side effect)
irritability
newborn
physical examination
review
sleep disorder (side effect)
sweating
symptomatology
tachycardia (side effect)
tremor (side effect)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (7)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998397801
MEDLINE PMID
9855332 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9855332)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 889
TITLE
Clinical and regulatory concerns in Alzheimer's disease management: Role of
the pharmacist
AUTHOR NAMES
Feinberg M.V.
Michocki R.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Feinberg M.V., feinberg@pharmacy.ab.umd.edu) Elder Health Program, Dept. of
Pharm. Practice and Science, University of Maryland (UM), Baltimore, MD,
United States.
(Michocki R.J.) Department of Family Medicine, UM, .
(Feinberg M.V., feinberg@pharmacy.ab.umd.edu) Dept. of Pharm. Practice and
Science, 506 West Fayette Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.V. Feinberg, Dept. of Pharmacy Practice/Science, 506 West Fayette Street,
Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. Email: feinberg@pharmacy.ab.umd.edu
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1998) 55:21 SUPPL. (S26-S31).
Date of Publication: 1 Nov 1998
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
The role of the pharmacist in managing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is
discussed. Health-system pharmacists can play a critical role in the
management of AD, provided they remain up-to-date on new drug therapies,
recent clinical findings, and educational resources for caregivers and
families. Pharmacists in a long-term-care setting must know and apply the
federal regulations set forth in the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of
1987. Pharmacists have an excellent opportunity to optimize pharmacotherapy
by carefully reviewing treatment regimens to identify potential drug-related
problems. These might include improper drug selection, inappropriate dosage,
adverse drug reactions, and interactions. Pharmacists should encourage the
use of cholinesterase inhibitors in patients with mild to moderate AD and
should monitor such therapy by interacting with nurses, physicians, and
caregivers. AD patients not only suffer cognitive decline but may have
psychiatric and behavioral disturbances, which can be especially problematic
for the caregiver. When possible, these disturbances should be managed by
nonpharmacologic strategies, such as environmental changes and behavior
modification. The pharmacist can recommend and monitor the use of
psychotropic agents for psychiatric and behavioral symptoms that do not
respond to nonpharmacologic strategies. These drugs must be carefully
selected and monitored, and gradual dosage reductions must be periodically
attempted. Finally, pharmacists should provide caregivers and families with
education, emotional support, and referrals. Pharmacists who are well-
grounded in the regulatory and clinical issues surrounding AD can play a
major role in managing this illness.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antidepressant agent (drug therapy, pharmaceutics, pharmacology)
neuroleptic agent (drug therapy, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiarrhythmic agent
anticonvulsive agent
antiemetic agent
antihistaminic agent
antihypertensive agent
benzodiazepine
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
decongestive agent
digoxin
diuretic agent
histamine H2 receptor antagonist
hypnotic sedative agent
narcotic agent
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
thyroid hormone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Alzheimer disease (disease management, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
caregiver
cognition
conference paper
cost effectiveness analysis
drug effect
enzyme inhibition
human
nursing home
patient care
pharmacist
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998377493
MEDLINE PMID
9809109 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9809109)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 890
TITLE
ASHP statement on the pharmacist's role in substance abuse prevention,
education, and assistance
AUTHOR NAMES
Baldwin J.N.
Alexander J.W.
Dole E.J.
Ryan G.
Hirning F.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baldwin J.N.; Alexander J.W.; Dole E.J.; Ryan G.; Hirning F.C.)
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1998) 55:16 (1721-1724). Date of
Publication: 15 Aug 1998
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
pharmacist
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
health care organization
health care system
morbidity
priority journal
responsibility
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Pharmacy (39)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998286507
MEDLINE PMID
9740911 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9740911)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 891
TITLE
Use of the inhalant lanca by Brazilian medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
Mesquita A.M.
De Andrade A.G.
Anthony J.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mesquita A.M.) Orient. Assit. Prog. Dependent P., Masters Prog. Dept.
Psychiat. M., Fed. University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
(De Andrade A.G.) Alcohol Drug Dependence I., Psychiat. Inst. Hosp. das
Clinicas, Fed. University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
(Anthony J.C.) Department of Mental Hygiene, School of Hygiene and Public
Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.M. Mesquita, PROAD, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao
Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
SOURCE
Substance Use and Misuse (1998) 33:8 (1667-1680). Date of Publication: 1998
ISSN
1082-6084
BOOK PUBLISHER
Informa Healthcare, 69-77 Paul Street, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
In a recent epidemiological survey of more than 700 Brazilian medical
students, we found new evidence on a previously reported pattern of the
'lanka perfume' inhalant drug use. With multiple logistic regression used to
hold constant an array of suspected correlates, we found a moderately strong
association between the use of marijuana and the use of lanka (adjusted odds
ratio, OR = 5.6; p < .01). We also found that lanka is almost never used by
students who have never consumed alcoholic beverages. This pattern of
associations can be used to guide the planning of programs to reduce the
occurrence of illicit use of pharmaceutical compounds by medical students in
Brazil.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
alcohol abuse
article
cannabis addiction
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical student
priority journal
statistical analysis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998235544
MEDLINE PMID
9680087 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9680087)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 892
TITLE
Optimizing smoking cessation strategies.
AUTHOR NAMES
Andrews J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Andrews J.) Department of Veterans Affairs, Augusta, Ga., USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Andrews, Department of Veterans Affairs, Augusta, Ga., USA.
SOURCE
The Nurse practitioner (1998) 23:8 (47-48, 51-52, 57-58 passim). Date of
Publication: Aug 1998
ISSN
0361-1817
ABSTRACT
Smoking cigarettes remains the leading cause of preventable illnesses and
premature deaths in the United States. Although approximately half of living
Americans who have ever smoked have quit, recent studies show that more than
70% of current smokers would like to stop smoking. Health care providers can
enhance smoking cessation in their clients by performing assessments of both
the physical and psychologic addictive aspects of smoking as well as past
and current cessation barriers. Based on the assessment, the clinician
should formulate a treatment plan by individualizing appropriate education,
counseling, motivation, and pharmacologic support. This article reviews the
prevalence and hazards of smoking and supplies health care providers with
interventions to assist clients in becoming and remaining nonsmokers.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient education
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
review
teaching
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
9718601 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9718601)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 893
TITLE
Peer education of pharmacists and supplying pharmacies with IDU packets to
increase injection drug users' access to sterile syringes in Connecticut [7]
AUTHOR NAMES
Weinstein B.
Toce P.
Katz D.
Ryan L.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Weinstein B.; Toce P.; Katz D.; Ryan L.L.) AIDS Programs, Connecticut Dept.
of Public Health, Hartford, CT, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Weinstein, AIDS Programs, Connecticut Dept. of Public Health, Hartford,
CT, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
(1998) 18:SUPPL. (S146-S147). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 1998
ISSN
1077-9450
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education
human
infection prevention
infection risk
letter
pharmacist
pharmacy
priority journal
syringe
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998221157
MEDLINE PMID
9663643 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9663643)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 894
TITLE
Pharmacists' attitudes about pharmacy sale of needles/syringes and needle
exchange programs in a city without needle/syringe prescription laws
AUTHOR NAMES
Gleghorn A.A.
Gee G.
Vlahov D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gleghorn A.A.; Gee G.) Dept. of Hlth. Plcy. and Management, Johns Hopkins
University, School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Vlahov D.) Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of
Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Gleghorn A.A.) S. Francisco Dept. of Public Health, Community Substance
Abuse Services, 1380 Howard Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.A. Gleghorn, San Francisco Dept. of Public Health, Community Substance
Abuse Services, 1380 Howard Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94103, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
(1998) 18:SUPPL. (S89-S93). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 1998
ISSN
1077-9450
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States.
ABSTRACT
We assessed pharmacists' practices for needle and syringe (NS) sales and
their attitudes toward a needle exchange program through a telephone survey
of 75 randomly selected pharmacies in Baltimore, Maryland, where possession
of drug paraphernalia is illegal but where NS can be purchased without a
prescription. Pharmacists' (n = 46) procedures for NS sales included asking
for picture identification (54%), requiring a prescription (34%), or
requiring a diabetic identification (DID, 34%) for NS purchase; multiple
responses were allowed. The median number of prescription and
nonprescription NS sold per month was 950. Most (86.6%) pharmacists reported
selling NS without prescriptions at their discretion. Pharmacists sold a
median of 16 nonprescription NS per month. Pharmacists who required
prescriptions or DID (56.5%) sold nonprescription NS significantly less
often than those who did not require prescriptions or DID (p = .007). Most
pharmacists (87%) were aware of the needle exchange program, 78.3% supported
the program, and 67.4% supported selling nonprescription NS in pharmacies.
Although there was no difference in anticipated effects of needle exchange
or in support for needle exchange between pharmacists who did or did not
require prescriptions, DID, or both, pharmacists who did require then items
were significantly less likely to support pharmacy sales of nonprescription
NS than pharmacists with less restrictive sales policies (p = .04). Although
most pharmacists surveyed supported access to sterile NS by injection drug
users through a needle exchange program, there was a diversity of approaches
to nonprescription NS sales among pharmacists in a city that does not
require prescriptions for access to sterile NS. Most supported nonpharmacy
needle exchange programs, and more than one half limited injection drug
users' access to NS through restrictive sales practices. To reduce injection
drag users' exposure to HIV, pharmacists should he educated about HIV
prevention and injection drug use and he included in development of HIV
prevention programs, including legal pharmacy NS sales.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude
health program
human
infection prevention
infection risk
law
needle
pharmacist
pharmacy
prescription
priority journal
syringe
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998221144
MEDLINE PMID
9663630 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9663630)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 895
TITLE
Access to sterile syringes in Maine: Pharmacy practice after the 1993 repeal
of the syringe prescription law
AUTHOR NAMES
Case P.
Beckett G.A.
Stephen Jones T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Case P., pcase@hsph.harvard.edu) Department of Social Medicine, Harvard
Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
(Beckett G.A.) Maine Bureau of Health, Augusta, ME, United States.
(Stephen Jones T.) Centers for Dis. Contr. and Prev., Atlanta, GA, United
States.
(Case P., pcase@hsph.harvard.edu) Department of Social Medicine, Harvard
Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Case, Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641
Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Email:
pcase@hsph.harvard.edu
SOURCE
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
(1998) 18:SUPPL. (S94-S101). Date of Publication: 1 Jul 1998
ISSN
1077-9450
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States.
ABSTRACT
In October 1993, the Maine legislature repealed the prescription law
regulating the sale of syringes. The new law allowed but did not require
licensed pharmacists to dispense syringes without a prescription to anyone
18 years of age or older. From November 1995 to January 1996, we conducted a
telephone survey of 208 Maine pharmacists to evaluate the sale of syringes
with and without a prescription and to assess pharmacists' willingness to
sell syringes without a prescription. We found that 94% of pharmacists were
willing, in all cases or at the discretion of the pharmacist, to sell
syringes without a prescription. However, when asked specifically about
willingness to sell syringes without a prescription to suspected injection
drug users (IDUs) ≤18 years of age, 47% were willing, 40% were not willing,
and 13% did not know or declined to answer. Pharmacists reported other
requirements for the purchase of syringes without a prescription, such as
the requirement for the customer to provide a reasonable justification for
the purchase. In all, there were 31 (15%) pharmacists in the sample willing
to sell syringes to without a prescription with no additional requirements
for purchase to suspected IDUs as permitted by law. There were few negative
incidents reported involving IDUs and the sale of syringes without a
prescription since amendment of the law. Although sales of syringes without
a prescription were reported, the numbers sold fell short of the estimated
number of syringes required for IDUs in Maine to use a new syringe for every
injection. Despite the change in the prescription law intended to increase
access to syringes, the data suggest barriers such as drug paraphernalia
laws and pharmacy policies may prevent IDUs from purchasing syringes and
contribute to ongoing transmission of HIV. Amendment of the drug
paraphernalia and syringe possession laws, clarification of the legitimate
medical purpose of access to sterile syringes for IDUs, and offering
pharmacists continuing education on the prevention of blood-borne disease
appear to be necessary steps in the effort to decrease the transmission of
HIV among IDUs in Maine.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (epidemiology, prevention)
intravenous drug abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
infection prevention
infection risk
law
pharmacy
prescription
priority journal
professional practice
syringe
virus transmission
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998221145
MEDLINE PMID
9663631 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9663631)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 896
TITLE
Medical student knowledge of morphine for the management of cancer pain
AUTHOR NAMES
Sloan P.A.
Montgomery C.
Musick D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sloan P.A.; Montgomery C.; Musick D.) Department of Anesthesiology, Univ.
of Kentucky Coll. of Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.A. Sloan, Department of Anesthesiology, Univ. of Kentucky, Coll. of
Medicine, Lexington, KY, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (1998) 15:6 (359-364). Date of
Publication: June 1998
ISSN
0885-3924
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
Inadequate training of physicians contributes to the undertreatmet of cancer
pain. To address these concerns, the University of Kentucky has introduced a
4-week course for final-year medical students that teaches the principles of
clinical pharmacology and pain management. The purposes of this study are to
assess the knowledge deficits of final-year medical students about the use
of morphine for cancer pain and to assess the efficacy of a short course on
cancer pain management. Eighty-six final-year medical students completed a
22-item questionnaire assessing their knowledge and attitudes toward the use
of morphine for cancer pain. Students indicated their agreement with each
statement on a four-point scale (one, strongly disagree; four, strongly
agree). All students then completed a compulsory short course on pain
management. The course content included a 1-hr lecture on chronic
nonmalignant pain, a 1-hr lecture on acute pain management, and a 1-hr
lecture on cancer pain management. In addition, students completed
small-group, problem-based learning modules on several aspects of pain
management. After the course, all students completed the same 22-item
survey. The alpha reliability score of the pretest instrument was 0.55, and
the posttest reliability was 0.86. Upon course completion, students agreed
most strongly (mean ± SEM) that morphine should be given on a regular
schedule for cancer pain (3.41 ± 0.08), that cancer pain management
frequently requires co-analgesics (3.36 ± 0.06), and that patients with good
pain relief function better than those with continuing pain (3.39 ± 0.08). A
comparison of pretest and posttest means on specific items suggested that
the greatest amount of learning took place in the following content areas:
morphine is a good oral analgesic; increases in cancer pain should be
treated by increasing the morphine dose; respiratory depression is not a
concern for cancer pain patients; and morphine can be used over a wide range
of doses. The regular use of morphine was recognized as the treatment drug
of choice for cancer pain. The students showed improved knowledge scores on
ten of the 22 items on the posttest survey. A significant increase in
learning occurred on six knowledge and attitude items. On only one item
(nausea as a side effect of morphine) did the knowledge scores decrease on
the posttest. A significant minority (40%) of senior medical students had
deficits in knowledge about the use of morphine for cancer pain. The risk of
addiction, respiratory depression, and tolerance were misunderstood by a
significant minority (25 %) of students.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
morphine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cancer pain (drug therapy)
medical student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude
cancer palliative therapy
clinical education
drug dependence
drug indication
human
medical education
nausea (side effect)
respiration depression (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998238605
MEDLINE PMID
9670636 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9670636)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(98)00018-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 897
TITLE
Use of antipsychotic drugs in nursing homes: Current compliance with OBRA
regulations
AUTHOR NAMES
Llorente M.D.
Olsen E.J.
Leyva O.
Silverman M.A.
Lewis J.E.
Rivero J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Silverman M.A.; Lewis J.E.; Rivero J.)
University of Miami, School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.
(Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Rivero J.) UPBEAT Program, Miami Vet.
Admin. Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States.
(Llorente M.D.; Olsen E.J.; Leyva O.; Silverman M.A.; Rivero J.) Miami Vet.
Admin. Medical Center, Geriatric Res., Educ. and Clin. Ctr., Miami, FL,
United States.
(Llorente M.D.) UPBEAT, Dept. of Psychiatric, Vet.' Administration Medical
Center, 1201 NW 16 St., Miami, FL 33125, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.D. Llorente, UPBEAT, Psychia. Vet. Admin. Med. Ctr. Dept., 1201 NW 16 St.,
Miami, FL 33125, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1998) 46:2 (198-201). Date of
Publication: February 1998
ISSN
0002-8614
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree and patterns of compliance with the Omnibus
Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) regulations regarding the use of
antipsychotic drugs in nursing homes. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of
all resident records. PARTICIPANTS: Eight nursing homes: five community, two
county-owned, and one university-affiliated Veterans Administration
facility. MEASUREMENTS: A structured assessment instrument to track
compliance with each aspect of the OBRA regulations regarding antipsychotic
drug use. RESULTS: A total of 1573 nursing home residents' pharmacy records
were reviewed between August 1994 and March 1996. Two hundred seventy-nine
residents were actively taking antipsychotic medications (prevalence =
17.7%). Mean compliance greater than 70% was found for (1) appropriate
diagnostic indication (X̄ = 70.9%), (2) dosage within recommended limits (X̄
= 90.1%), and 3) documented appropriate target symptoms (X̄ = 90.4%).
Dosages were more likely to exceed limits in those patients with histories
of major mental illness, particularly schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing
homes were better able to comply with those guidelines that are most
specific. Educational interventions now need to focus on behavioral
interventions, monitoring of adverse effects, and efficacy. These data are
useful in establishing threshold levels of performance and can be used by
nursing homes for continuous quality improvement. OBRA continues to impact
neuroleptic drug prescribing practices in nursing homes significantly.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
neuroleptic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug legislation
drug misuse
nursing home
schizophrenia (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
aggression
agitation
article
behavior therapy
clinical practice
cost control
drug effect
drug indication
elderly care
health education
human
major clinical study
paranoia (epidemiology, side effect)
practice guideline
prevalence
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1998058235
MEDLINE PMID
9475449 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9475449)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 898
TITLE
Pharmacists' opinions and practices related to the sale of cigarettes and
alcohol - A follow-up study
AUTHOR NAMES
Kotecki J.E.
Torabi M.R.
Elanjian S.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kotecki J.E.) Department of Physiology Science, Ball State University, .
(Torabi M.R.) Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, .
(Elanjian S.I.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Butler University, .
(Kotecki J.E.) Department of Physiology Science, Ball State University,
Muncie, IN 47306, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.E. Kotecki, Dept. of Physiol. and Health Science, Ball State University,
Muncie, IN 47306, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Community Health (1997) 22:6 (469-479). Date of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0094-5145
BOOK PUBLISHER
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Van Godewijckstraat 30, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
ABSTRACT
Opinions that pharmacists hold and their practices concerning sale of
cigarettes and alcohol are of interest to health experts. As a follow-up to
a 1990 statewide survey of pharmacists opinions and practices related to the
sale of cigarettes and alcohol, this study was designed (1) to determine
current opinions and practices of pharmacists' related to the sale of
cigarettes and alcohol; (2) compare these findings with results from the
1990 study; and (3) to gather new information on pharmacists' practice of
health promotion activities. A structured survey questionnaire was designed
and reviewed by a jury of experts and subsequently administered to hair of
the 1340 pharmacies in Indiana. Collected data were analyzed by using
descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Findings reveal that 64
percent of responding pharmacists sell cigarettes in their stores even
though 82 percent think that their stores should not sell cigarettes.
Approximately 42 percent of the pharmacies sell alcoholic beverages while
more than two-thirds of the pharmacists (68%) think pharmacies should not
sell alcoholic beverages. These findings represent a decline of 7.2 percent
in pharmacies that sell cigarettes and a 6.8 percent increase in pharmacies
selling alcoholic beverages compared to the 1990 study. Study results also
revealed that most pharmacists agree the use of cigarettes and alcohol were
important causes of morbidity and mortality and that pharmacists should play
a role in health promotion and disease prevention to the public. However,
the majority do not ask their patients about their smoking and alcohol
habits and do not participate in health education/promotion programs for the
general community.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health promotion
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
alcohol consumption
article
attitude
drug marketing
human
normal human
professional practice
smoking
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997369620
MEDLINE PMID
9403403 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9403403)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 899
TITLE
Pain knowledge and attitudes of healthcare providers: Practice
characteristic differences
AUTHOR NAMES
Lebovits A.H.
Florence I.
Bathina R.
Hunko V.
Fox M.T.
Bramble C.Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lebovits A.H.) Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New
York University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
(Florence I.; Bathina R.) Pain Management Service, Department of
Anesthesiology, State Univ. New York Hlth. Sci. C.B., Brooklyn, NY, United
States.
(Hunko V.) Department of Quality Management, Kings County Hospital Center,
Brooklyn, NY, United States.
(Fox M.T.; Bramble C.Y.) Department of Nursing, Kings County Hospital
Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States.
(Lebovits A.H.) Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New
York University Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.H. Lebovits, Pain Management Center, Department of Anesthesiology, New
York University Medical Center, 530 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United
States.
SOURCE
Clinical Journal of Pain (1997) 13:3 (237-243). Date of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0749-8047
BOOK PUBLISHER
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of different healthcare
professionals regarding pain issues such as addiction, the assessment of
pain, scheduling, use of analgesics, and pediatric pain. Additionally, to
determine whether differences exist based on hospital setting, years of
service, clinical practice area, and country of origin. Design: A total of
686 nurses, physicians, pharmacists, and medical/nursing students from three
hospitals completed a 17-item survey evaluating knowledge and beliefs about
pain. Setting: The three hospital settings were a large city hospital, a
private community hospital, and a state medical school- based hospital.
Results: The overall percentage 'correct' score was only 56%. Physicians
scored significantly higher, and pharmacists scored significantly lower than
other groups. Nurses scored significantly less concordantly than physicians
on 11 of the 17 items. Those identifying anesthesiology as their clinical
practice area scored significantly higher than all other areas, whereas
those practicing within medicine demonstrated significantly more 'correct'
scores than those in surgery. City hospital respondents scored significantly
lower than professionals practicing in the other two hospitals; non-U.S.
country of origin professionals scored significantly lower than U.S. country
of origin healthcare professionals. There were no significant differences
based on postgraduate years of practice. Conclusions: Significant knowledge
deficits regarding currently accepted principles of pain management practice
as well as beliefs that could interfere with optimal care, mandate a need
for educational interventions. Significant differences by profession,
clinical practice area, and hospital setting reflect populations to be
targeted for interventions. Unwarranted fear of addiction is a misunderstood
and important concept that needs to be addressed.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude
health care personnel
pain
professional practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
addiction
analgesia
article
clinical practice
drug use
medical student
nurse
pharmacist
physician
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Anesthesiology (24)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997380849
MEDLINE PMID
9303256 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9303256)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199709000-00009
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 900
TITLE
Journal interview - 40. Conversation with Avram Goldstein
AUTHOR NAMES
Goldstein A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Goldstein A.)
SOURCE
Addiction (1997) 92:10 (1241-1254). Date of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0965-2140
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
In this occasional series we record the views and personal experience of
people who have specially contributed to the evolution of ideas in the
Journal's field of interest. Avram Goldstein, MD, is Professor Emeritus of
Pharmacology at Stanford University. He is a pharmacologist and
neuroscientist who has made fundamental contributions to research on
addictive drugs. He has contributed substantially to clinical research, to
technological advances and to thinking on policy. In the midst of these
activities he found time to qualify as a pilot and write books on flying.
Our interview tries to probe the question of how so productively he finds
time to lead several lives at once.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical research
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
health care policy
human
interview
medical school
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997338803
MEDLINE PMID
9489042 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9489042)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb02844.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 901
TITLE
Formulation and stability of naltrexone oral liquid for rapid withdrawal
from methadone
AUTHOR NAMES
Fawcett J.P.
Morgan N.C.
Woods D.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Fawcett J.P., paul.fawcett@stonebow.otago.ac.nz; Woods D.J.) School of
Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
(Morgan N.C.) School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, .
(Woods D.J.) Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand.
(Fawcett J.P., paul.fawcett@stonebow.otago.ac.nz) School of Pharmacy,
University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.P. Fawcett, School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin,
New Zealand.
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (1997) 31:11 (1291-1295). Date of Publication:
November 1997
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the stability of naltrexone oral liquid prepared from
tablets and powder, and to evaluate its use in precipitating rapid
withdrawal from methadone. DESIGN: Naltrexone 1 mg/mL oral liquids were
prepare from tablets and powder and stored in the dark at 4, 25, and 70 °C.
Similar formulations containing 5 mg/mL were stored at 70 °C. The 1-mg/mL
formulation prepared from tablets was clinically evaluated in inducing rapid
withdrawal in two drug-dependent individuals receiving methadone maintenance
treatment using a naltrexone dose titration protocol. SETTING: A university
pharmacy school and affiliated urban teaching hospital. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES: Samples removed at six time points were analyzed for naltrexone
concentration to assess decomposition over 90 days. An opioid withdrawal
symptom checklist was used to assess the severity of the withdrawal symptoms
prior to, and 30 minutes after, each dose of naltrexone. RESULTS:
Decomposition of naltrexone in all formulations stored at 4 and 25 °C was
not significant over 90 days. Both patients tolerated naltrexone 1 mg/mL
oral liquid, but found it bitter and gritty. Withdrawal symptoms were
experienced immediately after the first dose, but were resolving by the end
of day 3 of naltrexone treatment, at which stage both patients were able to
tolerate a 50-mg tablet of naltrexone as maintenance. CONCLUSIONS:
Naltrexone 1 mg/mL oral liquids prepared from tablets or powder are stable
when stored in the dark for 60 days at 4 °C and for 30 days at 25 °C. The
formulation prepared from tablets provides flexible dosing in patients
undergoing rapid withdrawal from methadone.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methadone (drug dose, pharmacokinetics)
naltrexone (drug administration, drug dose, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug formulation
drug withdrawal
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
data analysis
decomposition
dose response
high performance liquid chromatography
human
maintenance therapy
oral drug administration
priority journal
titrimetry
DRUG TRADE NAMES
trexan , United StatesDuPont
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)DuPont
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Spanish, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997360527
MEDLINE PMID
9391680 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9391680)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 902
TITLE
Perceptions of United Kingdom pharmacy lecturers about teaching
pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Winit-Watjana W.
Greene R.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winit-Watjana W.; Greene R.J.) Department of Pharmacy, King's College
London, Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LX, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W. Winit-Watjana, Department of Pharmacy, King's College London, Manresa
Road, London, SW3 6LX, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
International Journal of Pharmacy Practice (1997) 5:3 (133-140). Date of
Publication: Sep 1997
ISSN
0961-7671
ABSTRACT
Pharmaceutical care is now regarded as the primary mission of pharmacy
practice. To help ensure that this mission is fulfilled, pharmacy students
need the clinical knowledge and skills that underlie pharmaceutical care,
and pharmacy academics need to be aware of this concept and its
applications. A survey was conducted of British pharmacy lecturers' views on
teaching pharmaceutical care. Correlations between lecturers'
characteristics (sex, teaching commitment and teaching experience) and the
use of computer-aided learning (CAL) in teaching pharmaceutical care were
also evaluated. Self-completion questionnaires were sent to 16 heads of
departments of pharmacy practice, or their equivalent, for distribution.
There was a 40 per cent response rate. Perceptions varied considerably in
terms of the definition of pharmaceutical care the difference between
clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care, the application in practice
settings, drug-related problems, knowledge and skills required and the
barriers to teaching pharmaceutical care. Lecturers' characteristics were
not related to views on either the use of CAL generally or the potential use
of CAL in teaching pharmaceutical care. Many respondents agreed that a CAL
program could be used to supplement pharmaceutical care teaching. Further
studies on pharmaceutical care teaching are suggested.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacy
clinical practice
computer system
female
human
male
perception
pharmacy
priority journal
questionnaire
teaching
United Kingdom
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997362783
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 903
TITLE
Pharmacist's management of drug-related problems: A tool for teaching and
providing pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Winslade N.E.
Bajcar J.M.
Bombassaro A.-M.
Caravaggio C.D.
Strong D.K.
Yamashita S.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Winslade N.E.; Bajcar J.M.; Caravaggio C.D.; Strong D.K.; Yamashita S.K.)
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Winslade N.E.; Yamashita S.K.) Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto,
Ont., Canada.
(Caravaggio C.D.) Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Strong D.K.) Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Bajcar J.M.) St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Bombassaro A.-M.) London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont., Canada.
(Winslade N.E.) Hortensialaan 41, 3702 VE Zeist, Netherlands.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
N.E. Winslade, Hortensialaan 41, 3702 VE Zeist, Netherlands.
SOURCE
Pharmacotherapy (1997) 17:4 (801-809). Date of Publication: July/August 1997
ISSN
0277-0008
BOOK PUBLISHER
Pharmacotherapy Publications Inc., 750 Washington Street, Boston, United
States.
ABSTRACT
During the development of education and practice models based on the
philosophy of pharmaceutical care (PC), six pharmacists worked with the
University of Toronto Faculty of Pharmacy to implement the PC model in their
practice sites. These pharmacists found it necessary to modify existing
tools to create one that explicitly guided them through the PC process,
including the phase of monitoring patients for desired outcomes. This
resulted in the development of the Pharmacist's Management of Drug Related
Problems. This tool requires pharmacists to collect patient drug and medical
data and write responses to specific questions about the data to interpret
their significance. As proficiency in providing PC is attained, the
questions and space for written responses can be eliminated, leaving a
comprehensive documentation system of patient outcomes and the data
collected, recommendations made, and monitoring completed by the pharmacist.
This tool has been adopted by the University of Toronto Faculty of Pharmacy
and is being used in various continuing education programs and by practicing
pharmacists across Canada.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical education
education program
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
Canada
continuing education
human
medical record
paramedical education
patient monitoring
pharmacy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997227920
MEDLINE PMID
9250561 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9250561)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 904
TITLE
Visual symbolization as a learning tool: Teaching pharmacology to
international audiences
AUTHOR NAMES
Giannini A.J.
Giannini J.N.
Melemis S.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Giannini A.J.) Chemical Abuse Centers, Inc., Columbus, OH, United States.
(Giannini J.N.) Poland Seminary, Poland, OH, United States.
(Melemis S.M.) Doctor's Hospital, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Giannini A.J.) 721 Boardman-Poland Road, Boardman, OH 44512, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.J. Giannini, 721 Boardman-Poland Road, Boardman, OH 44512, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1997) 37:7 (559-565). Date of Publication:
July 1997
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Medieval and Renaissance teaching techniques used linkage between course
content and tangentially related visual symbols to reinforce lectures. This
technique was adopted in teaching pharmacologic principles of addiction to
international audiences. It produced significant results with non-English-
speaking audiences using concurrent or consecutive translation. This
technique may be useful for non-English-speaking audiences because of
enhancement of all three areas of memory: attention, storage, and retrieval.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug research
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education
learning
review
symbolism
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997317801
MEDLINE PMID
9243348 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9243348)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 905
TITLE
Recognition
AUTHOR NAMES
Beavers N.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Beavers N.)
SOURCE
Drug Topics (1997) 141:8 (55). Date of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0012-6616
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine (drug therapy)
nicotine gum (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
accreditation
pharmacist
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
fee
human
note
patient counseling
pharmacy benefit manager
withdrawal syndrome (complication, drug therapy, prevention)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
nicoderm SmithKline Beecham
nicorette SmithKline Beecham
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
SmithKline Beecham
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine gum (96055-45-7)
nicotine (54-11-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997142443
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 906
TITLE
Lack of cross-reactivity of Ambien (zolpidem) with drugs in standard urine
drug screens
AUTHOR NAMES
Piergies A.A.
Sainati S.
Roth-Schechter B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Piergies A.A.) Evanston (III) Hospital, Clinical Pharmacology Unit,
Evanston, IL 60201, United States.
(Sainati S.) Lorex Pharmaceuticals, Skokie, IL, United States.
(Roth-Schechter B.) Boston Research and Science Consulting, Dover, MA,
United States.
(Piergies A.A.) Evanston Hospital, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, 2650 Ridge
Ave., Evanston, IL 60201, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.A. Piergies, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Evanston Hospital, 2650 Ridge
Ave, Evanston, IL 60201, United States.
SOURCE
Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (1997) 121:4 (392-394). Date
of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0003-9985
BOOK PUBLISHER
College of American Pathologists, 325 Waukegan Road, Northfield, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To determine in healthy volunteers (men and women; 18 to 40 years
old) the potential cross-reactivity of Ambien (zolpidem) and/or its
metabolites with drugs that are screened by the Syva EMIT II and the Abbott
AD(x) urine drug screens assays. Design. Open-label, fixed-treatment
sequence of 1 night each of treatment with zolpidem (10 mg) and temazepam
(15 mg). Setting. Clinical Pharmacology Unit within a teaching hospital.
Main Outcome Measures. Over a 24-hour period, presence or absence of
positive results on the Syva EMIT II or the Abbott AD(x) urine drug assay
system, each performed at two different laboratory assay sites. Results.
Following ingestion of zolpidem, no subject had any positive response in
either laboratory to the Syva EMIT II or the Abbott AD(x) urine drug screen
assays at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours postdose. During the same time period,
all subjects had measurable zolpidem plasma concentrations at 1.5 and 8
hours postdose, with mean concentrations of 115.2 ng/mL and 30.1 ng/mL,
respectively (in agreement with its half-life of 2.5 hours). The positive
response rate at 10 hours after ingestion of Restoril (temazepam) among the
four laboratory/assay combinations ranged from 36.8% to 73.7%, a range that
is within the reported response rates for these tests. Conclusions. These
data indicate that zolpidem will not cross-react in standard urine drug
screens with benzodiazepines, opiates, barbiturates, cocaine, cannabinoids,
or amphetamines.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
zolpidem tartrate (adverse drug reaction, clinical trial, drug
concentration, drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacokinetics)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine derivative
barbituric acid derivative
benzodiazepine derivative
cannabinoid derivative
cocaine
drug metabolite
opiate derivative
temazepam
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
insomnia (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
dose response
drowsiness (side effect)
drug blood level
drug cross reactivity
drug half life
drug screening
drug urine level
female
headache (side effect)
human
human experiment
inflammation (side effect)
male
normal human
rhinitis (side effect)
salpingitis (side effect)
taste disorder (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
ambien
restoril
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
temazepam (846-50-4)
zolpidem tartrate (99294-93-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997130349
MEDLINE PMID
9140309 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9140309)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 907
TITLE
Falsified or forged medical prescriptions as an indicator of
pharmacodependence: A pilot study
AUTHOR NAMES
Lapeyre-Mestre M.
Damase-Michel C.
Adams P.
Michaud P.
Montastruc J.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lapeyre-Mestre M.; Damase-Michel C.; Adams P.; Montastruc J.L.) Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Faculté de
Médecine, 37 Allées Jules Guesde, F-31073, France.
(Michaud P.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculté de Pharmacie,
Toulouse, France.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Michaud, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculte de Pharmacie, Toulouse,
France.
SOURCE
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1997) 52:1 (37-39). Date of
Publication: 1997
ISSN
0031-6970
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Objective: While data on drug abuse liability have been determined for
selected drugs in experimental studies, there is limited information
available about drug abuse in real life. This study presents the results of
a simple experimental epidemiologic survey of prescription forgeries in
community pharmacies in the Midi-Pyrenees area (southwest France). During
four periods (September-October 1991, January-June 1992, September-October
1992 and January-June 1993), resident pharmacy students in several volunteer
pharmacies were asked to complete a specific report form for each suspect
prescription request. The main criteria used to identify forgeries were:
inadequate dosage, multiple use of the prescription form, drafting not in
accordance with the rules of prescription or false prescription forms
(stolen prescription forms, photocopies). Results: A total of 165 falsified
prescriptions were collected. The 305 drugs involved in these forged
prescriptions were opiate analgesics, benzodiazepines, amphetamines and
minor opiate analgesics. Medications were essentially buprenorphine,
flunitrazepam (in 2 mg dosage), phenobarbitone + amphetamine and
chlorazepate. Conclusion: These results suggest that forged prescriptions
can be used as an indicator of potential abuse liability of marketed
psychoactive drugs. Although this survey cannot describe the real prevalence
of the misuse or abuse of drugs, it constitutes a useful warning
epidemiologic system to elicit early observations regarding new misuses of
drugs as they are requested at the pharmacy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amfepramone
amphetamine
bromazepam
buprenorphine
clobenzorex
clorazepate
fenozolone
flunitrazepam
lorazepam
paracetamol
phenobarbital
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug dependence
forgery
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
pharmacy
prescription
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfepramone (134-80-5, 90-84-6)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
bromazepam (1812-30-2)
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
clobenzorex (13364-32-4)
clorazepate (20432-69-3, 23887-31-2)
fenozolone (15302-16-6)
flunitrazepam (1622-62-4)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997117650
MEDLINE PMID
9143865 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9143865)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050246
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 908
TITLE
The effects of buprenorphine in buprenorphine-maintained volunteers
AUTHOR NAMES
Strain E.C.
Walsh S.L.
Preston K.L.
Liebson I.A.
Bigelow G.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Strain E.C.; Walsh S.L.; Preston K.L.; Liebson I.A.; Bigelow G.E.) Behav.
Pharmacology Research Unit, Dept. of Psychiat. and Behav. Sci., Johns
Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD
21224, United States.
(Preston K.L.) Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse,
Baltimore, MD, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.C. Strain, Behavioral Pharmacology Res. Unit, Dept. Psychiatry and
Behavioral Sci., Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Med., 5510 Nathan Shock
Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.
SOURCE
Psychopharmacology (1997) 129:4 (329-338). Date of Publication: 1997
ISSN
0033-3158
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Buprenorphine is a mu opioid partial agonist currently used as an analgesic,
and being developed for the treatment of opioid dependence. The purpose of
this study was to determine the abuse liability of parenteral buprenorphine
in volunteers maintained on daily sublingual (SL) buprenorphine (8 mg). In a
residential laboratory, eight volunteers underwent pharmacologic challenges
two times per week. Medication challenges were 16 h after the daily dose of
buprenorphine, and consisted of double-blind IM injections of buprenorphine
(4, 8, 16 mg), the prototypic mu opioid agonist hydromorphone (9 and 18 mg),
or saline. Assessments consisted of physiologic monitoring, subjects'
self-reports, and a trained observer's ratings of drug effects, and were
collected for 0.5 h before and 2.0 h following injection. Supplemental doses
of IM buprenorphine produced opioid agonist-like effects, indicating some
abuse potential of parenteral buprenorphine in buprenorphine-maintained
patients. There was incomplete cross-tolerance to the effects of
hydromorphone, suggesting that higher maintenance doses of buprenorphine may
be needed to maximize clinical efficacy. However, there was a lack of graded
dose-effects for hydromorphone, suggesting that buprenorphine's combination
of partial agonist effects and high affinity for opioid receptors may limit
the magnitude of effects of supplemental full agonists. Finally,
participants tolerated cumulative doses of maintenance buprenorphine plus
challenge buprenorphine without adverse effects, suggesting higher doses of
buprenorphine can be safely administered to opioid dependent patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
buprenorphine (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
hydromorphone (drug dose, pharmacology)
mu opiate receptor agonist (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
partial agonist (drug dose, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction (drug therapy)
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
clinical article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
cross tolerance
double blind procedure
female
human
human experiment
intramuscular drug administration
maintenance therapy
male
monitoring
mood
physiology
priority journal
provocation test
sublingual drug administration
volunteer
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United States)Knoll
(United States)Nida
(United Kingdom)Reckitt and Colman
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
buprenorphine (52485-79-7, 53152-21-9)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997065753
MEDLINE PMID
9085402 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9085402)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050199
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 909
TITLE
Cocaine effects on digital blood flow and diffusing capacity for carbon
monoxide among chronic cocaine users
AUTHOR NAMES
Sullivan J.T.
Becker P.M.
Preston K.L.
Wise R.A.
Wigely F.M.
Testa M.P.
Jasinski D.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sullivan J.T.; Becker P.M.; Wise R.A.; Wigely F.M.; Testa M.P.; Jasinski
D.R.) Departments of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medicine, Johns
Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
(Preston K.L.) Departments of Psychiatry Science, Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch.
of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United
States.
(Sullivan J.T.) Bayer Corporation, 400 Morgan Lane, West Haven, CT 06516,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.T. Sullivan, Bayer Corporation, 400 Morgan Lane, West Haven, CT 06516,
United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Medicine (1997) 102:3 (232-238). Date of Publication:
March 1997
ISSN
0002-9343
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Inc., 360 Park Avenue South, New York, United States.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: TO determine the acute effects of intravenous (IV) cocaine on
primarily digital skin blood flow and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide
(CO), and secondarily on subjective and cardiovascular measures. PATIENTS
AND METHODS: A double-blind, Latin- square, placebo-controlled,
dose-response study was conducted in an inpatient general clinical research
center and clinical pharmacology unit of a university teaching hospital.
Twelve adult males with histories of illicit drug use including IV cocaine
received 0, 25, and 50 mg of IV cocaine given as 1-minute infusions, on 3
consecutive test days. Digital cutaneous blood flow was determined via laser
doppler flowmetry and skin temperature. Diffusing capacity for carbon
monoxide (D(CO)) was measured with standard techniques. Subjective responses
were measured by oral report of a numerical ranking of strength of drug
effect. Heart rate and blood pressure responses were measured by electronic
sphygmomanometer. RESULTS: A maximal decrease in skin blood flow occurred at
2 to 3 minutes after infusion, and was not distinguished among drug
conditions. Blood flow returned to baseline more rapidly after placebo than
after cocaine: 7 minutes (placebo), 35 minutes (25 mg cocaine), 50 minutes
(50 mg cocaine). Skin temperature decreased by 1.25°C after placebo and by
2.75 and 3.25°C after 25 and 50 mg of cocaine, respectively. D(co) changed
by -1.02 (mean) ± 0.25 (standard deviation), 0.16 ± 1.22, and 0.21 ± 1.63
ml/min/mm Hg following placebo, 25, and 50 mg of cocaine, respectively.
Typical subjective, chronotropic, and pressor responses to cocaine were
demonstrated, and these occurred in close temporal relationship to digital
blood flow and skin temperature responses. CONCLUSIONS: The digital
cutaneous circulation is highly sensitive to vasoconstrictor effects of
cocaine. Pulmonary blood volume tends to be preserved after IV cocaine.
Subjective effects and cardiovascular responses occur in concert with
peripheral blood flow changes. The peripheral vasoconstrictor effects have
implications for cocaine users with concurrent vasospastic or vasculopathic
disorders.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cocaine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
skin blood flow
substance abuse
vascular disease
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
blood flow velocity
blood pressure regulation
chronotropism
clinical article
clinical trial
conference paper
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
drug effect
heart rate
human
laser Doppler flowmetry
lung diffusion capacity
male
pressor response
priority journal
skin temperature
vasoconstriction
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997144384
MEDLINE PMID
9217590 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9217590)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00453-6
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 910
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care in a family medicine centre
AUTHOR NAMES
Wong C.
Cave A.
Jarman R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Wong C.; Jarman R.) Caritas Health Group, Edmonton, Alta., Canada.
(Cave A.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C. Wong, Caritas Health Group, Edmonton, Alta., Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (1997) 130:1 (35-43). Date of Publication:
Feb 1997
ISSN
0828-6914
ABSTRACT
In recent years, pharmaceutical care in the ambulatory care setting has
received increased interest due to its potential for improving patient
well-being and realizing cost savings. In a family medicine centre
associated with a teaching hospital, patients' perceptions of the potential
role of a pharmacist were evaluated. The impact of patient/pharmacist
interviews in identifying drug-related problems was also studied. Study
candidates from two family practice physicians were randomly divided into
two groups. The first group received only a questionnaire, whereas the
second group received a one-on-one interview with a pharmacy resident
followed by the questionnaire. Information from the interview and/or chart
review was used to identify potential drug-related problems. Recommendations
for changes in drug therapy were subsequently discussed with the respective
family physician. Overall, patients in both groups were satisfied with
pharmacy services. For survey questions dealing with the perceived benefit
of pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care, interviewed patients on
average rated pharmacists more favourably than those who were not
interviewed. A total of 42 drug-related problems were identified in 91
patients, with almost four times more drug-related problems found in the
group which received both an interview and chart review is in the group that
had chart review alone.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
family medicine
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
article
clinical trial
controlled study
drug therapy
human
interview
patient satisfaction
questionnaire
randomized controlled trial
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997117643
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 911
TITLE
Assessing substance abuse among health care students and the efficacy of
educational interventions.
AUTHOR NAMES
Coleman E.A.
Honeycutt G.
Ogden B.
McMillan D.E.
O'Sullivan P.S.
Light K.
Wingfield W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Coleman E.A.; Honeycutt G.; Ogden B.; McMillan D.E.; O'Sullivan P.S.; Light
K.; Wingfield W.) College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences, Little Rock 77205, USA.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
E.A. Coleman, College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences, Little Rock 77205, USA.
SOURCE
Journal of professional nursing : official journal of the American
Association of Colleges of Nursing (1997) 13:1 (28-37). Date of Publication:
1997 Jan-Feb
ISSN
8755-7223
ABSTRACT
Approximately 10 per cent of nurses are chemically dependent, and, for many,
substance abuse begins while attending nursing school. Faculty must be able
to assess the extent of the problem, understand the contributing factors,
recognize signs and symptoms, and use educational interventions in
identifying and preventing chemical dependency in nurses. Beginning in 1989,
the authors sampled all entering students in four colleges on a health
science campus using the Standardized Substance Abuse Attitude Survey and
obtained resurvey data from two of the colleges' 1989 entering classes in
fall 1991. Each college developed educational interventions. Some clear
differences between nursing and pharmacy students emerged and indicated that
a greater emphasis on drug and alcohol education can pay dividends.
Establishing a data base over a period of more than 2 years provides a
foundation to evaluate further interventions.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology, prevention)
drinking behavior (epidemiology, prevention)
health education
nursing education
nursing student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
attitude to health
clinical trial
curriculum
factual database
health care quality
human
methodology
United States (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
9183110 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9183110)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 912
TITLE
Women's health issues and counseling behaviors: A pilot survey of West
Virginia pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Ponte C.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ponte C.D.) Dept. of Clin. Pharm. and Fam. Med., Schools of Pharmacy and
Medicine, West Virginia University, 1124 Health Sciences N, Morgantown, WV
26506, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.D. Ponte, Clinical Pharmacy/Family Medicine, Schools of Pharmacy and
Medicine, West Virginia University, 1124 Health Sciences N, Morgantown, WV
26506, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Pharmacy Technology (1997) 13:1 (27-31). Date of Publication: Jan
1997
ISSN
8755-1225
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the counseling behaviors of pharmacists concerning
women's health issues. Design: A 14-item survey was mailed to 1,050
pharmacists. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and
cross-tabulation). An IBM-compatible microcomputer program, Epi Info Version
5, was used for data analysis. Stratified analysis of the data was conducted
using chi-square testing. Correlation between selected variables was
determined using statistical analysis software. Setting: West Virginia.
Participants: Two hundred seven practicing West Virginia pharmacists who
completed or partially completed the questionnaire. Outcome Measures: The
degree and nature of counseling by West Virginia pharmacists pertaining to
women's health issues. Results: Almost 77% of the pharmacists were engaged
in community practice. Seventy-four percent (151/203) of pharmacists counsel
women about healthcare issues at least sometimes during a typical week.
Women most often initiate the interaction. Sixty-nine percent were somewhat
comfortable counseling women. The most common topics discussed were vaginal
infections and estrogen replacement therapy. The most common barriers to
effective counseling were time constraints and lack of patient requests.
Almost 33% of the pharmacists (n = 68) agreed that academic curricula
inadequately prepared them to counsel women. If reimbursement mechanisms
were available, 36% of pharmacists (n = 70) would charge up to $5 per
session. Sixteen percent (n = 32) would charge no fee. Conclusions: The
small sample size and design of the survey could affect interpretation of
the study results. Future research should address the specific types of
counseling performed and the methods used, the practice setting and its
influence on counseling, curricular influences on counseling, and pharmacist
reimbursement philosophy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient counseling
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
estrogen therapy
female
health education
human
male
normal human
pharmacy
reimbursement
social work
substance abuse
vaginitis
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Pharmacy (39)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997080323
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 913
TITLE
Problems with drugs in Croatia
AUTHOR NAMES
Vrhovac B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vrhovac B.) Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine,
University Hospital Rebro, Zagreb, Croatia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Vrhovac, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine,
University Hospital Rebro, Zagreb, Croatia.
SOURCE
Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (1997) 6:1 (49-56). Date of
Publication: Jan 1997
ISSN
1053-8569
ABSTRACT
Croatia has 4.8 million inhabitants, 11,800 physicians, 2000 pharmacists,
two now shareholding, pharmaceutical companies (about 6500 employees, total
sales of about $350 million). There are a number of problems due to the war
(GNP fell from $3800 to about $1500), occupation of 25% of its territory,
0.5 million refugees and lack of resources (US$139/capita for health, about
$40 i.e. 30%!! for drugs) - about three times less than before the
aggression. The drug situation is controlled with the help of: (1) donations
(approximate value of $600 million since 1991 from Europe and US), (2)
(essential) drug formularies - 250 for outpatients, and 580 generic names
for various levels of hospital use, (3) special efforts to purchase drugs of
good quality at a reasonable price (a kind of tender), (4) control of
prescribing (prescriptions, specialists referral) especially by GPs. A new
Medicines Act is in preparation and about 1000 generic names are on the
market. Drug education - Pharmaca: the Croatian journal of pharmacotherapy
has been published since 1962, there are several Drug bulletins (one
published since 1975); special chapters on clinical pharmacology in
textbooks, translation of three editions of Laurence's textbook with special
commentary and adaptation to local needs; ADR spontaneous and intensive
monitoring (WHO programme) with a personal feedback to the reporters and
regular articles on drug use in a number of periodicals. Data on drug
consumption indicates that there is room for improvement of prescribing.
There is an enthusiasm for 'vasoactive drugs' - after dipyridamole came
oxpentifylline and antimicrobials are always overprescribed. All these
problems will hopefully decrease when the war finally stops and when
industry (especially tourism) starts being fruitful again. In any case the
importance of teaching of pharmacotherapy at the under- and postgraduate
level should be recognized.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid (adverse drug reaction)
amiodarone (adverse drug reaction)
amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (adverse drug reaction)
antiinfective agent
atenolol (adverse drug reaction)
azithromycin (adverse drug reaction)
cefuroxime (adverse drug reaction)
chlortalidone (adverse drug reaction)
digoxin (adverse drug reaction)
dipyridamole
dipyrone (adverse drug reaction)
gentamicin (adverse drug reaction)
lisinopril (adverse drug reaction)
mexiletine (adverse drug reaction)
minoxidil (adverse drug reaction)
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (adverse drug reaction)
pefloxacin (adverse drug reaction)
pentoxifylline
spironolactone (adverse drug reaction)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
pharmacoepidemiology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
article
Croatia
drug industry
economics
education
human
law
medical literature
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
amiodarone (1951-25-3, 19774-82-4, 62067-87-2)
amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (74469-00-4, 79198-29-1)
atenolol (29122-68-7)
azithromycin (83905-01-5)
cefuroxime (55268-75-2, 56238-63-2)
chlortalidone (77-36-1)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
dipyridamole (58-32-2)
dipyrone (50567-35-6, 5907-38-0, 68-89-3)
gentamicin (1392-48-9, 1403-66-3, 1405-41-0)
lisinopril (76547-98-3, 83915-83-7)
mexiletine (31828-71-4, 5370-01-4)
minoxidil (38304-91-5)
pefloxacin (70458-92-3)
pentoxifylline (6493-05-6)
spironolactone (52-01-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997113492
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1557(199701)6:1<49::AID-PDS245>3.0.CO;2-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 914
TITLE
Drug-related problems identified and resolved using pharmaceutical care
versus traditional clinical monitoring
AUTHOR NAMES
Shalansky S.
Nakagawa R.
Wee A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Shalansky S.) Pharmacy Department, Lions Gate Hospital, North Vancouver,
BC, Canada.
(Shalansky S.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
(Nakagawa R.) Clinical Nutrition and Palliative Care, Lions Gate Hospital, .
(Nakagawa R.) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British
Columbia, .
(Wee A.) Lions Gate Hospital, .
(Shalansky S.) Pharmacy Department, Lions Gate Hospital, 231 East 15th
Street, North Vancouver, BC V7L 2L7, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
S. Shalansky, Pharmacy Department, Lions Gate Hospital, 231 East 15th
Street, North Vancouver, BC V7L 2L7, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1996) 49:6 (282-288). Date of
Publication: Dec 1996
ISSN
0008-4123
ABSTRACT
Many hospital pharmacy departments are implementing pharmaceutical care
(PC); however, time limitations are making this transition difficult.
Unfortunately, with the current economic climate, increased staffing is
unlikely in the foreseeable future. With this in mind, we designed a study
to assess the impact of PC versus traditional clinical pharmacy monitoring
on the number of drug-related problems (DRPs) identified and resolved
without changing staffing levels or time allocated to clinical practice.
Data collection was prospectively carried out during two eight-week periods
on two general medicine wards (64 beds total) staffed by 1.5 full time
equivalent clinical pharmacists. The same pharmacists were involved in both
arms of the trial. The two data collection periods were separated by four
months during which the clinical pharmacists learned and practiced PC. The
two phases were similar in terms of the number of monitoring shifts (73 vs.
73), mean hours of monitoring per shift (3.9 ± 1.3 vs. 3.9 ± 1.5), mean ward
census (29.3 ± 2.5 vs. 29.8 ± 2.2), mean patient age (67.1 ± 18.1 vs. 68.4 ±
16.0), and diagnoses. There were fewer patients monitored per shift during
the PC phase (8.6 ± 3.2 vs. 14.1 ± 5.8), yet there were significantly more
DRPs per shift identified (6.75 ± 5.25 vs. 8.63 ± 5.69, p = 0.04) and
resolved (5.92 ± 4.74 vs. 7.79 ± 5.29, p = 0.025). There was no obvious
advantage of either approach in terms of drug-related cost avoidance. In
conclusion, despite caring for fewer patients using PC, more DRPs can be
identified and resolved. Further study is required to assess whether
implementing PC will result in improved patient outcomes.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
patient monitoring
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cost
drug use
health service
hospital pharmacy
intermethod comparison
ward
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1997051460
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 915
TITLE
Drug administration research - The contribution of pharmacoepidemiology to
pharmaceutical monitoring
AUTHOR NAMES
Bruppacher R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bruppacher R.) Inst. for Social- and Prev. M., University of Basel, Basel,
Switzerland.
(Bruppacher R.) Potsdam Inst. for P., University of Potsdam, Potsdam,
Germany.
(Bruppacher R.) Dept. of Epidemiol. and B., McGill University, Montreal,
Que., Canada.
(Bruppacher R.) Alleeweg 8, CH-4310 Rheinfelden, Switzerland.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R. Bruppacher, Alleeweg 8, CH-4310 Rheinfelden, Switzerland.
SOURCE
Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae (1996) 71:5 (359-361). Date of Publication: Nov
1996
ISSN
0031-6865
ABSTRACT
Providing pharmaceutical care for minor health problems in the self
medication area and guaranteeing the proper execution of pharmacotherapy in
the area of prescribed medicines is an evolving tasks of community
pharmacists in modern health care. It requires knowledge on how drugs are
taken by the patients and on what governs their behaviour. Physicians can
rely on the feedback by their patient and their own objective measurements
of the success of therapy, such feedback is very insecure for a pharmacist.
He has to anticipate what will happen to drugs handed out. He should know
the difficulties his clients will encounter in actually going through with
prescribed therapies and recognise indicators of proper use or abuse. The
lack of personal feedback has to be compensated by a good general knowledge
of the situation and the problems in the patient's population. This requires
continuous research activities to which community pharmacists could in turn
contribute already during their curriculum at the schools of pharmacy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
conference paper
drug abuse
education
feedback system
human
patient compliance
pharmacist
prescription
self medication
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1996367613
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-6865(96)00033-7
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 916
TITLE
The role of nitric oxide in gastric protection by honey
AUTHOR NAMES
Mobarok Ali A.T.M.
Al-Swayeh O.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Mobarok Ali A.T.M.; Al-Swayeh O.A.) Department of Medical Pharmacology,
College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
(Mobarok Ali A.T.M.) Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of
Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.T.M.M. Ali, Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King
Saud University, PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
SOURCE
Saudi Medical Journal (1996) 17:3 (301-306). Date of Publication: 1996
ISSN
0379-5284
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To investigate the role of nitric oxide in the protective
mechanism of honey against ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. Setting:
Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Saud
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats
were used in all experiments. Honey orally and drugs intraperitoneally were
administered to 24-hour fasted rats 30, 45 or 60 minutes before oral
administration of one ml ethanol. Gastric mucosal lesions were assessed one
hour after ethanol by modification of the method of Schiantarelli et al,
1984. The severity of gastric lesions was analyzed statistically either
using unpaired Student's t-test or by analysis of variance. Results:
Pre-treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (12.5-5-50 mg/kg) which
is reported to inhibit nitric oxide synthesis in various cells, dose
dependently aggravated ethanol-induced gastric lesions. The enhancement of
lesions was time dependent and maximum effect occurred if it was given 45
minutes before ethanol. Pre-treatment with honey (1.25 mg/kg) afforded
protection against ethanol-induced lesions by 78%. Pre-treatment with
NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester 12.5 and 25 mg/kg brought down the
protective effect of honey to 63% and 43% respectively. The attenuating
effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (25 mg/kg) on honey-induced
gastric protection was reversed by L-arginine (200 mg/kg) but not by
D-arginine (200 mg/kg). Conclusion: The study suggests that
NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester aggravated gastric lesions by inhibiting
biosynthesis of nitric oxide and the gastric protection by honey may be due
to modulation of nitric oxide system since pre-treatment with
NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester reduced the protective effect of honey
which was reversible by L-arginine but not by D-arginine.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
arginine (drug comparison, drug interaction, pharmacology)
dextro arginine (drug comparison, pharmacology)
nitric oxide (endogenous compound)
nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (drug interaction, drug toxicity,
pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol (drug interaction, drug toxicity)
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester (drug interaction, drug toxicity,
pharmacology)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
honey (drug interaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
stomach mucosa lesion (drug therapy)
stomach protection
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal model
article
controlled study
disease severity
dose time effect relation
drug antagonism
drug potentiation
intraperitoneal drug administration
male
nonhuman
oral drug administration
rat
Saudi Arabia
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
(United Kingdom)Sigma
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
arginine (1119-34-2, 15595-35-4, 7004-12-8, 74-79-3)
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester (50903-99-6)
nitric oxide (10102-43-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Gastroenterology (48)
General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy (5)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Arabic
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1996267309
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 917
TITLE
The top ten problem drugs for the elderly
AUTHOR NAMES
Dalziel W.B.
Byszewski A.M.
Ross A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dalziel W.B.) Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine,
University of Ottawa, .
(Byszewski A.M.) Department of Medicine, Geriatric Day Hospital, Ottawa
Civic Hospital, .
(Ross A.) Geriatric Assessment Unit, Ottawa Civic Hospital, .
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.B. Dalziel, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (1996) 129:5 (32-34). Date of Publication:
Jun 1996
ISSN
0828-6914
ABSTRACT
This article describes common important drug groups with high potential for
problems for elderly consumers and tips for appropriate pharmacist
intervention. Typically in Canadian medical and pharmacy school curricula,
geriatric prescribing teaching is minimal but increasing slowly as the
recognized importance of this area grows. The responsibility of appropriate
pharmaceutical intervention for the elderly requires the combined expertise
of knowledgeable consumers, pharmacists, and physicians working together.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amitriptyline
antihistaminic agent
antihypertensive agent
benzodiazepine
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
cimetidine
digoxin
fluoxetine
laxative
nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aged
drug therapy
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adverse drug reaction
drug contraindication
drug safety
human
short survey
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1996220490
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 918
TITLE
Pharmaceutical care implementation in a community teaching hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Blain L.
Rappaport P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Blain L.) Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.,
Canada.
(Rappaport P.) Pharmaceutical Services, Toronto East General Hospital,
Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Rappaport P.) Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Toronto East General
Hospital, 825 Coxwell Ave., Toronto, Ont. M4C 3E7, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Rappaport, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Services, Toronto East General
Hospital, 825 Coxwell Ave., Toronto, Ont. M4C 3E7, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1996) 49:2 (72-79). Date of
Publication: Apr 1996
ISSN
0008-4123
ABSTRACT
The pharmacists at Toronto East General Hospital have been working towards
the implementation of pharmaceutical care (PC) since 1991. To facilitate the
progression from patient pharmacotherapy monitoring to PC, a structured
program was developed to teach the pharmacists the process. Then, each
pharmacist set a target of one, two or three years to provide full
pharmaceutical care to 50 patients. At the same time, data were collected to
determine if patient screening criteria could be developed and to evaluate
the actual time required for initial work-up and patient follow-up. When
this evaluation was performed, pharmacists were, on average, attaining 60%
of their targeted numbers of patients receiving full PC. They understood the
process, but were limited by the amount of time it took to follow each
patient. Data collection for screening criteria did not show any correlation
with age or service, but showed a positive relationship with length of stay.
The average time per patient to provide PC was 206 minutes per admission.
There was a significant correlation between the number of drug-related
problems and the time to provide PC. The recommendations from three pharmacy
working groups for ways to increase the amount of pharmacist time for direct
patient care and increase the efficiency for pharmacists providing PC are
presented.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
patient care
pharmaceutical care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
job performance
learning
major clinical study
patient selection
pharmacist
workload
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1996164179
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 919
TITLE
Process for preventing or identifying and resolving problems in drug therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Robertson K.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Robertson K.E., robertson@butler.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Coll. of Pharm. and Health Sciences, Butler University, 4600 Sunset Avenue,
Indianapolis, IN 46208, United States.
(Robertson K.E., robertson@butler.edu) Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Coll. of Pharm. and Health Sciences, Butler University, .
(Robertson K.E., robertson@butler.edu) Community Hospital North, IN, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.E. Robertson, RCCPP, College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Butler
University, 4600 Sunset Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46208, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1996) 53:6 (639-650). Date of
Publication: 15 Mar 1996
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
A consistent process for preventing or identifying and resolving problems
related to drug therapy is described. The process was originally developed
to help pharmacy students focus on drug therapy issues during their clinical
clerkship rotations. The first version of this approach to quality
improvement consisted of lists of questions designed to prompt the student
to prevent or identify and correct drug therapy problems. Because the
learning style of some students is more visual, the questions were
incorporated into flow charts. Students at a community hospital used the
flow charts during their rotations through the critical care,
medical-surgical, and psychiatric units, and the process appeared to result
in improvements in the quality of care and in savings in the cost of care.
As a result, a staff development and training project was begun to determine
if staff pharmacists who use this process to evaluate drug therapy will
begin to provide pharmaceutical care. This sort of transitional model of
pharmaceutical care may expedite global implementation of the new practice
philosophy. Flow charts encouraging a uniform approach to the prevention or
identification and correction of drug therapy problems were developed for
use by pharmacy students and generalist pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmaceutical care
problem solving
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
clinical pharmacy
cost control
health care cost
pharmacist
priority journal
quality control
staff training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1996102367
MEDLINE PMID
8800969 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8800969)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 920
TITLE
Impact of a short course in pharmacotherapy for undergraduate medical
students: an international randomised controlled study
AUTHOR NAMES
De Vries T.P.G.M.
Henning R.H.
Hogerzeil H.V.
Bapna J.S.
Bero L.
Kafle K.K.
Mabadeje A.F.B.
Santoso B.
Smith A.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(De Vries T.P.G.M.; Henning R.H.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
(Hogerzeil H.V.) World Health Organization, Action Programme on Essential
Drugs, Geneva, Switzerland.
(Bapna J.S.) Department of Pharmacology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New
Dehli, India.
(Bero L.) Institute for Health Policy Studies, School of Medicine,
University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
(Kafle K.K.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tribhuvan Univ. Teaching
Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
(Mabadeje A.F.B.) Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine,
University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
(Santoso B.) Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Gadjah Mada University,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
(Smith A.J.) Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, Mater Misericordiae
Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.V. Hogerzeil, Action Programme on Essential Drugs, World Health
Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
SOURCE
Lancet (1995) 346:8988 (1454-1457). Date of Publication: 1995
ISSN
0140-6736
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Limited, 32 Jamestown Road, London, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Irrational prescribing is a habit which is difficult to cure. However,
prevention is possible and for this reason the WHO Action Programme on
Essential Drugs aims to improve the teaching of pharmacotherapy to medical
students. The impact of a short problem-based training course in
pharmacotherapy, using a WHO manual on the principles of rational
prescribing, was measured in an international multi-centre randomised
controlled study of 219 undergraduate medical students in Groningen
(Netherlands), Kathmandu (Nepal), Lagos (Nigeria), Newcastle (Australia),
New Delhi (India), San Francisco (USA), and Yogyakarta (Japan). The manual
and the course presented the students, who were about to enter the clinical
phase of their studies, with a normative model for pharmacotherapeutic
reasoning in which they were taught to generate a 'standard'
pharmacotherapeutic approach to common disorders, resulting in a set of
first-choice drugs called P(ersonal)-drugs. The students were then taught
how to apply this set of P-drugs to specific patient problems on the
symptomatic treatment of pain, using a six-step problem solving routine. The
impact of the course was measured by tests before training, immediately
after, and six months later. After the course, students from the study group
performed significantly better than controls in all patient problems
presented (p < 0.05). The students not only remembered how to solve old
problems, but they could also apply their skills to new problems. Both
retention and transfer effect were maintained at least six months after the
training session in all seven medical schools. In view of the impossibility
of teaching students all basic knowledge on the thousands of drugs
available, this approach seems to be an efficient way of teaching rational
prescribing. However, the method should be accompanied by a change in
teaching methods away from the habit of transferring knowledge about the
drugs towards problem-based teaching of therapeutic reasoning.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug choice
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
controlled study
drug therapy
human
medical student
normal human
palliative therapy
prescription
priority journal
problem solving
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995359042
MEDLINE PMID
7490991 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7490991)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(95)92472-8
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 921
TITLE
Comprehensive services in an ambulatory care pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Lewis R.K.
Carter B.L.
Glover D.G.
Hutchinson R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lewis R.K.; Carter B.L.; Glover D.G.; Hutchinson R.A.) Department of
Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois, Chicago Medical Center, 833 South
Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.K. Lewis, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois, Chicago
Medical Center, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1995) 52:16 (1793-1797). Date of
Publication: 1995
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
The development of a comprehensive model of pharmacy practice in an
ambulatory care setting is described. From 1991 to 1994, the department of
ambulatory care pharmacy services at The University of Illinois at Chicago
Medical Center converted its main outpatient pharmacy into a Pharmaceutical
Care Center to serve as a model for community and hospital-based ambulatory
care pharmacy services. The Pharmaceutical Care Center includes a waiting
area, five private patient-assessment rooms, an examination room, a place
for reviewing patient profiles and reference materials, space for storage
and automation, an i.v. admixture area, a conference room, and office space.
It serves 120-150 patients per day (10% just discharged from the hospital,
90% seen in the clinic system). Pharmacy clerkship students and residents,
under the oversight of faculty, conduct patient assessments, educate
patients and family, monitor outcomes, and intervene when drug-related
problems are detected. Patient assessments and therapeutic interventions are
documented in the patient's medical record. Computers, automated medication
filling, and technical support are used to enable pharmacists to concentrate
on patient care. A model ambulatory care pharmacy provides both drug
distribution and direct patient care services.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
ambulatory care
article
automation
hospital service
priority journal
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995261758
MEDLINE PMID
8528835 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8528835)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 922
TITLE
Education and training to provide pharmaceutical care
AUTHOR NAMES
Schneider P.J.
Sill Jr. B.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schneider P.J.; Sill Jr. B.E.) Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State
University, Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.J. Schneider, Department of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Medical
Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
SOURCE
International Pharmacy Journal (1995) 9:4 (156-160). Date of Publication:
1995
ISSN
1010-0423
ABSTRACT
The term 'pharmaceutical care' has captured the attention of pharmacists
world-wide since the introduction of the term in 1990. The concept involves
fundamental changes in how pharmacists think, what they need to do and how
they practise. Furthermore, to prepare new pharmacists to transform pharmacy
practice requires changes in the way the pharmacy students are selected,
educated and trained. In an effort to provide educational and training
opportunities for pharmacy students and pharmacists in the USA, a
transformation in the academic and professional training programmes is
underway. The American Council on Pharmaceutical Education has published a
declaration of intent that it will only accredit colleges of pharmacy that
offer the doctor pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree by the year 2000. More colleges
of pharmacy are offering the Pharm.D. degree in flexible programmes to
enable pharmacists in practice to earn this degree. The rationale for this
is that pharmacists will need more clinical knowledge and training to
identify, prevent and solve drug related problems that occur in clinical
settings. The Commission on Credentialling of the American Society of
Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP) has developed a new residency accreditation
standard that included an emphasis on pharmaceutical care. The thrust of the
new standard is an expectation that the resident will be expected to gain
experience in assuming responsibilities for the outcomes of a patient's drug
therapy, both in the acute inpatient and ambulatory care setting. Both new
graduates and practising pharmacists can enter residency programmes. There
is an evolving requirement for pharmacists to have a Pharm.D. degree before
entering an ASHP accredited residency in pharmacy practice, and a
requirement to complete a pharmacy practice residency before entering a
specially residency to assure an adequate foundation in the knowledge and
skill needed to provide pharmaceutical care. It is through these educational
and training programmes that pharmacists will be able to transform their
practice and begin to provide pharmaceutical care.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care
pharmaceutics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug information
education
patient care
pharmacist
pharmacy
short survey
training
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French, German
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995246678
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 923
TITLE
Inappropriate use of nonpsychotropic medications in nursing homes
AUTHOR NAMES
Williams B.
Betley C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Williams B.; Betley C.) Div. of General Medicine, Dept. of Internal
Medicine, Michigan University Medical Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr.,
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0376, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Williams, Div. of General Medicine, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Michigan
University Medical Center, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI
48109-0376, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (1995) 43:5 (513-519). Date of
Publication: 1995
ISSN
0002-8614
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and patient-specific predictors of
the use of 10 presumptively inappropriate medications used to treat medical
conditions among nursing home residents, and to use this information to
examine alternative screening strategies using computerized assessment data
to identify residents who are at high risk of receiving inappropriate
medications. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. PATIENTS: All
persons residing in all 252 nursing homes in two states during the last 6
months of 1991 (N = 21,884). MEASUREMENTS: Data were from Minimum Data Set
Plus (MDS+) assessments, gathered as part of the Health Care Financing
Administration (HCFA) Multistate Nursing Home Casemix and Quality
Demonstration Project. The MDS+ is an expanded version of the federally
mandated Minimum Data Set (MDS) that includes additional information on
medications and their doses and schedules (frequency, standing vs prn). The
reliability of the MDS has been demonstrated previously. Medications were
defined as inappropriate using explicit criteria from published literature.
Outcome measures were the standing use of each or any of 10 presumptively
inappropriate medications used to treat medical (rather than psychiatric or
behavioral) conditions. Potential predictors of inappropriate medication use
included patient demographic characteristics, payer, a proxy measure for
length of stay and admission source, functional status, number of standing
medications, and state. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 12% of residents were
prescribed one or more of 10 presumptively inappropriate meditations on a
standing basis, a figure that differed substantially between states (14.0%
vs 7.4% (P < .001)). The most prevalent inappropriate medications were
dipyridamole (5.4% of residents), amitriptyline (3.3%), and methyldopa
(1.8%). Among patients receiving 0 to 3, 4 to 6, and 7+ meditations, 5%,
12%, and 19%, respectively, were receiving at least one inappropriate
medication. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the strongest
predictors of inappropriate medication use were state and the total number
of standing medications prescribed. Including other statistically
significant predictors of inappropriate medication use (age > 65 years,
never having been married, severe functional limitations, being a long-stay
patient, and medical diagnosis) did not substantially improve the overall
predictive ability of the model. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of
nursing home residents receives presumptively inappropriate medications to
treat medical conditions. Selecting persons prescribed large numbers of
medications for further review may be the most efficient method for nursing
home or pharmacy personnel to identify residents at high risk of receiving
inappropriate medications. Extensive additional information on residents'
characteristics, although widely available through the Minimum Data Set,
does not significantly improve the ability to identify residents receiving
inappropriate medications for medical conditions. State-specific policies or
provider practices also influence the likelihood of presumptively
inappropriate medication use among nursing home residents and deserve
further investigation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amitriptyline
dipyridamole
methyldopa
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
chlorpropamide
cimetidine
cyclandelate
hydrochlorothiazide
isoxsuprine
ranitidine
reserpine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (epidemiology)
nursing home
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
aged
article
combination chemotherapy
female
high risk patient
human
major clinical study
male
prediction
screening
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
chlorpropamide (94-20-2)
cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2)
cyclandelate (456-59-7)
dipyridamole (58-32-2)
hydrochlorothiazide (58-93-5)
isoxsuprine (395-28-8, 579-56-6)
methyldopa (555-29-3, 555-30-6)
ranitidine (66357-35-5, 66357-59-3)
reserpine (50-55-5, 8001-95-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995147294
MEDLINE PMID
7730533 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7730533)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 924
TITLE
University-based sports pharmacy program
AUTHOR NAMES
Price K.O.
Huff P.S.
Isetts B.J.
Goldwire M.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Price K.O.; Huff P.S.; Isetts B.J.; Goldwire M.A.) Meniscus Educational
Institute, 105 North 22nd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.O. Price, Meniscus Educational Institute, 105 North 22nd Street,
Philadelphia, PA 19103, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1995) 52:3 (302-309). Date of
Publication: 1995
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Ways for pharmacists to become involved in sports pharmacy are discussed,
and a university-based sports pharmacy program is described. Sports pharmacy
encompasses treating athletic injuries, distributing drugs and sports-
related supplies, counseling patients, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes,
along with educating athletes, trainers, and others about drug use and
abuse. Pharmacists can contribute their expertise by presenting information
at schools, health clubs, and other exercise-related organizations. They can
serve on drug-testing crews at collegiate athletic events. Pharmacists can
also provide supplies and services to schools or athletic facilities;
ideally, this could be a contractual arrangement to provide comprehensive
pharmaceutical care. A sports pharmacy program was implemented at the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1980. Pharmacists provide
drug therapy monitoring and patient education to all patients at the school;
patients' level of athletic activity is taken into consideration.
Pharmacists also ensure proper use, storage, and distribution of drugs kept
in clinics, training rooms, and sports medicine travel bags, as well as
identifying and providing drugs and supplies that might be needed at an
off-campus event. They provide in service education to athletic trainers and
physicians. The program has improved patient outcomes and helped to ensure
adequate drug supplies and minimum waste. There are numerous opportunities
for practitioners to become involved in sports pharmacy. A university-based
sports pharmacy program improved the care of student athletes and helped
contain drug costs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug (drug therapy)
non prescription drug
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adrenalin
alcohol
aluminum magnesium hydroxide
anabolic agent
analgesic agent
anesthetic agent
antiasthmatic agent
antibiotic agent
anticonvulsive agent
antihistaminic agent
antiinflammatory agent
antivirus agent
beclometasone dipropionate
bismuth salicylate
bronchodilating agent
bupivacaine
chlorhexidine gluconate
cocaine
cromoglycate disodium
decongestive agent
dermatological agent
dexamethasone
diuretic agent
erythropoietin
gastrointestinal agent
loperamide
muscle relaxant agent
probenecid
Ringer lactate solution
salbutamol
unindexed drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care organization
pharmacy
sport injury (drug therapy, prevention)
sports medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
athlete
drug abuse
drug cost
drug information
drug marketing
drug monitoring
drug screening
drug use
human
inhalational drug administration
intranasal drug administration
intravenous drug administration
nutrition
oral drug administration
patient counseling
priority journal
review
student
topical drug administration
university
DRUG TRADE NAMES
albuterol
beconase
epipen
hibiclens
imodium
maalox
marcaine
nasalcrom
pepto bismol
vanceril
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
Ringer lactate solution (8022-63-7)
adrenalin (51-43-4, 55-31-2, 6912-68-1)
alcohol (64-17-5)
aluminum magnesium hydroxide (37317-08-1, 39366-43-3)
beclometasone dipropionate (5534-09-8)
bismuth salicylate (14882-18-9, 71156-53-1, 7460-14-2)
bupivacaine (18010-40-7, 2180-92-9, 55750-21-5)
chlorhexidine gluconate (18472-51-0)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
cromoglycate disodium (15826-37-6, 16110-51-3, 93356-79-7, 93356-84-4)
dexamethasone (50-02-2)
erythropoietin (11096-26-7)
loperamide (34552-83-5, 53179-11-6)
muscle relaxant agent (9008-44-0)
probenecid (57-66-9)
salbutamol (18559-94-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995077700
MEDLINE PMID
7749959 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7749959)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 925
TITLE
Pharmacists' role in a smoking-cessation program at a health maintenance
organization
AUTHOR NAMES
Baluch W.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baluch W.M.) Pharmacy Administration, Puget Sound Group Health Cooperative,
801 S.W. 16th Street, Renton, WA 98057, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.M. Baluch, Pharmacy Administration, Puget Sound Group Health Cooperative,
801 S.W. 16th Street, Renton, WA 98057, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1995) 52:3 (287-293). Date of
Publication: 1995
ISSN
1079-2082
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
A comprehensive smoking-cessation program sponsored by a health maintenance
organization (HMO) and the role of pharmacists in the program are described.
Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound is an HMO serving more than 385,000
enrollees in western Washington State. Group Health established a
smoking-cessation program in 1985. The smoking-cessation benefit consists of
interventions by providers to determine smoking status, a formal behavioral
modification program, and nicotine-replacement therapy (beginning in 1993)
for patients undergoing behavioral modification. The behavioral modification
program is offered in group or individualized format. A team of trained
nursing, medical, and pharmacy staff members provides consultative support
to the program's smoking-cessation specialists. A tobacco-use road- map team
has been created as part of the quality-improvement effort at Group Health;
a pharmacist serves on this team. The ultimate goal of the team is to reduce
the percentage of adult enrollees who smoke from the current 20% to 12.5% by
2000. A procedure for promoting smoking cessation was presented to all the
pharmacists, along with continuing-education sessions. The pharmacists are
encouraged to be brief but consistent in their antismoking message and to
apply the 'four A's' (ask about the patient's smoking status, advise the
patient to quit smoking, assist in the patient's efforts to quit, and
arrange follow-up). The inclusion of nicotine-replacement products in the
smoking-cessation program in 1993 provided pharmacists with a key role in
determining dosages and monitoring patients. Although the program is leading
many smokers to quit, efforts will have to be intensified if program goals
are to be realized by 2000. Pharmacists at an HMO that offers a
comprehensive smoking-cessation program help identify smokers and encourage
them to quit, assist with enrollees' nicotine-replacement therapy, and
participate on the organization's quality-improvement team for tobacco use.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine (drug dose, drug therapy)
nicotine gum (drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cigarette smoke
tobacco smoke
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (drug therapy, epidemiology, prevention, therapy)
health maintenance organization
pharmacist
smoking cessation
tobacco
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
behavior modification
dose response
health program
human
major clinical study
oral drug administration
patient education
patient monitoring
priority journal
review
substitution therapy
teamwork
transdermal drug administration
DRUG TRADE NAMES
nicoderm Marion Merrell Dow
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Marion Merrell Dow
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine (54-11-5)
nicotine gum (96055-45-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995077697
MEDLINE PMID
7749956 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7749956)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 926
TITLE
Implications of behavioral pharmacology research for applied behavior
analyses: JEAB's special issue celebrating the contributions of Joseph V.
Brady (March 1994).
AUTHOR NAMES
Kirby K.C.
Bickel W.K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kirby K.C.; Bickel W.K.) Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19102-1192.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.C. Kirby, Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia 19102-1192.
SOURCE
Journal of applied behavior analysis (1995) 28:1 (105-112). Date of
Publication: 1995 Spring
ISSN
0021-8855
ABSTRACT
We review four articles from JEAB's March 1994 issue celebrating the
contributions of Joseph V. Brady. These articles have implications for
studying private events and for studying multiple operants. We suggest that
regularly including self-reports about private events in behavioral
pharmacological research has resulted in an accumulated knowledge that has
facilitated examination of interesting relations among self-reports,
environmental factors, and other observable behaviors. Methodological
lessons that behavioral pharmacologists have learned regarding the study of
multiple operants are also relayed. We provide examples of how these lessons
could be useful to applied behavior analysts studying nonpharmacological
issues.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychotropic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
instrumental conditioning
publication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
history
human
male
motivation
psychological aspect
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
7706145 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7706145)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 927
TITLE
Educational intervention in pharmacy students' attitudes to HIV/AIDS and
drug misuse
AUTHOR NAMES
Sheridan J.
Bates I.P.
Webb D.G.
Barber N.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sheridan J.; Bates I.P.; Webb D.G.; Barber N.D.) The Centre for Pharmacy
Practice, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick
Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Sheridan, The Centre for Pharmacy Practice, The School of Pharmacy,
University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United
Kingdom.
SOURCE
Medical Education (1994) 28:6 (492-500). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
0308-0110
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
By providing injecting equipment to drug misusers, community pharmacists in
the UK may become involved in preventing the spread of HIV via the
intravenous route. Over 60% of pharmacy graduates from the School of
Pharmacy enter community pharmacy and, as part of their undergraduate
course, attend a series of lectures and seminars on HIV/AIDS and drug
misuse. The aim of this research was to: (1) investigate students' attitudes
to these subjects; (2) assess the students' knowledge of HIV/AIDS; (3)
evaluate any change in level of knowledge or of attitude after attending the
course; and (4) investigate students' attitudes towards the teaching of
these subjects. A questionnaire was administered to students before and
after their undergraduate course. The level of knowledge increased
significantly after attending the course. Students were asked their opinion
on the teaching of HIV/AIDS and drug misuse at the School of Pharmacy. After
the course, significantly more responded 'good' or 'very good' with regard
to teaching on social issues in drug misuse, rehabilitation and treatment of
drug misusers, and health education on HIV/AIDS. There was no significant
change in attitude, after the course. Attitude to HIV/AIDS and drug misuse
was found to be unassociated with previous experience of working in
pharmacies supplying injecting equipment and prescribed methadone. Both
attitude and pre-course assessed knowledge were significantly associated
with race and religion. These results indicate that attending the course had
the effect of increasing knowledge of HIV/AIDS and increasing confidence in
counselling clients. The perception of the teaching was also seen to be more
positive.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
methadone
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
attitude
drug abuse
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (prevention)
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
counseling
drug misuse
human
normal human
pharmacy
questionnaire
student
teaching
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995022862
MEDLINE PMID
7862010 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7862010)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 928
TITLE
Geriatric assessment team case studies: An elderly patient requiring
extensive care and scrutiny to avoid drug misadventuring
AUTHOR NAMES
Karnik K.A.
Boynton P.R.
Fincham J.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Karnik K.A.; Boynton P.R.; Fincham J.E.) Sch Pharmacy Allied Hlth
Profession, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.A. Karnik, Sch Pharmacy Allied Hlth Profession, Creighton University, 2500
California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Geriatric Drug Therapy (1994) 9:2 (69-75). Date of Publication:
1994
ISSN
8756-4629
ABSTRACT
This case history of a 76 year old female with severely deteriorated mental
and functional status is indicative of the important role the clinical
pharmacist can play in Geriatric Assessment Teams (GATs). In this case, the
patient was not taking any prescription medications, however,
over-the-counter (OTC) drug consumption was problematic and often not
recalled by the patient. Proper supervision and administration of medication
was identified as a necessary function needed to be performed by someone
other than the patient. A plan for the administration of necessary OTC drugs
by caregivers was implemented. The role of the clinical pharmacist focused
on the education of the caregivers about the potential misuse of OTC
medication and the need to implement a mechanism for drug administration to
proactively avoid current and future drug related problems.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
non prescription drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse (etiology, prevention)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
caregiver
case report
drug use
female
geriatrics
health education
human
memory
mental function
pharmacist
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995113349
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 929
TITLE
In pursuit of rational drug use and effective drug management: clinical and
public health pharmacy viewpoint.
AUTHOR NAMES
Passmore P.R.
Kailis S.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Passmore P.R.; Kailis S.G.) Clinical Pharmacy Teaching Unit, School of
Pharmacy, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P.R. Passmore, Clinical Pharmacy Teaching Unit, School of Pharmacy, Curtin
University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia.
SOURCE
Asia-Pacific journal of public health / Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for
Public Health (1994) 7:4 (236-241). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
1010-5395
ABSTRACT
Drugs are major technology in preventing and combating disease both at the
individual and community levels. Managing this valuable resource for optimum
public health benefit is paramount. Pharmacists have been recognized by the
World Health Organisation and others as having a key role to play in
promoting rational drug use and strengthening effective drug management.
However, the profession needs to answer some critical questions relating to
effective communication of their clinical role. Factors associated with the
primary care role of pharmacists are discussed and include education, social
and political pressures and professional attitudes. There is evidence of an
expanding role for pharmacy in the health sector and a number of new
challenges for pharmacy's role in strengthening public health are emerging.
These include the profession's involvement in overcoming chronic shortages
of essential drugs, strategies to combat the fake and inferior quality drug
problems, and increased efforts to educate the public in optimal drug
therapy and compliance with recognized drug dosages. Pharmacists are urged
to assist governments develop effective policies and legislations for the
pharmaceutical sector, based on research findings of pharmaceutical issues
affecting public health.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug utilization
education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
developing country
health personnel attitude
human
public health
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
7605700 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7605700)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 930
TITLE
Problems with drugs in Croatia
AUTHOR NAMES
Vrhovac B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vrhovac B.) Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine,
Rebro University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Vrhovac, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Rebro
University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
SOURCE
Pharmaca (1994) 32:3 (257-269). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
0031-6857
ABSTRACT
Croatia has 4,8 million inhabitants, 11,800 physicians, 2000 pharmacists, 2
pharmaceutical, now shareholding, companies (about 6500 employees, total
sale about 350 mill USD). Now, there are a number of problems due to the war
(GNP fell from 3800 to about 1500 USD), occupation of 25% of its territory,
0.5 mill refugees and lack of resources (139 USD/cap for health, about 40
USD, i.e. 30%!! for drugs) - about 3 times less than before the aggression.
The drug situation is controlled with the help of: 1. donations (approx.
value of 600 mill USD since 1991 from Europe and US); 2. (essential) drug
formularies - for outpatients 250, for various levels of hospital use 580
generic names; 3. special efforts to purchase drugs of good quality and
reasonable price (a kind of tender); and 4. control of prescribing
(prescriptions, specialists referral), especially of GPs. A new Medicines
Act is in preparation, about 1000 generic names are on the market. Drug
education: Pharmaca - a Croatian Journal of Pharmacotherapy, has been
published since 1962, several Drug Bulletins (one published since 1975),
special chapters on clinical pharmacology in textbooks, translation of 3
editions of Laurence's textbook, with special commentary and adaptation to
local needs; ADR spontaneous and intensive monitoring (WHO program) with a
personal feedback to the reporters, regular articles on drug use in a number
of periodicals, etc. Data on drug consumption indicate that there is room
for improvement of prescribing. There is an enthusiasm for 'vasoactive
drugs', after dipirydamole came oxpentifylline, and antimicrobials are
always overprescribed. All these problems will hopefully decrease when the
war finally stops and when the industry (especially tourism) become fruitful
again. In any case, the importance of teaching pharmacotherapy at the under-
and postgraduate level should be considered.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antiinfective agent
dipyridamole
pentoxifylline
vasoactive agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical pharmacology
drug industry
drug legislation
drug therapy
drug use
economic aspect
pharmacist
physician
short survey
vocational education
war
Yugoslavia
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
dipyridamole (58-32-2)
pentoxifylline (6493-05-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, Serbian
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1995034523
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 931
TITLE
The treatment of benzodiazepine dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Ashton H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ashton H.) Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Dept. Pharmacological
Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United
Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H. Ashton, Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Dept. Pharmacological Sciences,
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Addiction (1994) 89:11 (1535-1541). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
0965-2140
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Withdrawal of benzodiazepines is currently advised for long-term
benzodiazepine users because of doubts about continued efficacy, risks of
adverse effects, including dependence and neuropsychological impairment and
socio-economic costs. About half a million people in the UK may need advice
on withdrawal. Successful withdrawal strategies should combine gradual
dosage reduction and psychological support. The benzodiazepine dosage should
be tapered at an individually titrated rate which should usually be under
the patient's control. The whole process may take weeks or months.
Withdrawal from diazepam is convenient because of available dosage
strengths, but can be carried out directly from other benzodiazepines.
Adjuvant medication may occasionally be required (antidepressants,
propranolol) but no drugs have been proved to be of general utility in
alleviating withdrawal-related symptoms. Psychological support should be
available both during dosage reduction and for some months after cessation
of drug use. Such support should include the provision of information about
benzodiazepines, general encouragement, and measures to reduce anxiety and
promote the learning of non-pharmacological ways of coping with stress. For
many patients the degree of support required is minimal; a minority may need
counselling or formal psychological therapy. Unwilling patients should not
be forced to withdraw. With these methods, success rates of withdrawal are
high and are unaffected by duration of usage, dosage or type of
benzodiazepine, rate of withdrawal, symptom severity, psychiatric history or
personality disorder. Longer-term outcome is less clear; a considerable
proportion of patients may temporarily take benzodiazepines again and some
need other psychotropic medication. However, the outcome may be improved by
careful pharmacological and psychological handling of withdrawal and
post-withdrawal phases.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
benzodiazepine derivative (drug dose, drug toxicity)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
antidepressant agent (drug therapy)
propranolol (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence treatment
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anxiety
article
drug dependence (rehabilitation)
drug efficacy
drug withdrawal
health hazard
human
patient counseling
patient information
psychopathy (epidemiology)
social psychology
socioeconomics
United Kingdom
withdrawal syndrome (drug therapy)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994352877
MEDLINE PMID
7841868 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7841868)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb03755.x
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 932
TITLE
A survey of alcohol and other drug use behaviors and risk factors in health
profession students
AUTHOR NAMES
Kriegler K.A.
Baldwin J.N.
Scott D.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kriegler K.A.; Baldwin J.N.; Scott D.M.) Student Counseling Services, Med.
Ctr. Understanding Subs. Abuse, University of Nebraska Medical Ctr., Omaha,
NE, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.A. Kriegler, Student Counseling Services, Med. Ctr. Understanding Subs.
Abuse, University of Nebraska Medical Ctr., Omaha, NE, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of American College Health (1994) 42:6 (259-265). Date of
Publication: 1994
ISSN
0744-8481
BOOK PUBLISHER
Heldref Publications, 1319 Eighteenth Street NW, Washington, United States.
ABSTRACT
This survey assessed the alcohol and other drug (AOD) use habits and risk
factors of health profession students at a midwestern university health
science center. The authors administered a 75-item survey to 1,707 students
in selected classrooms: 984 students responded for a return rate of 57.6%.
In 1990, they found, alcohol use among the health profession students in the
past year was comparable to that of undergraduate college students
nationally (86%), although significantly fewer health profession students
drank heavily (27% had five or more drinks in the past 2 weeks, compared
with 41% of college students). The percentage of health profession students
who reported using tobacco or illicit drugs was lower than the percentage of
undergraduate students who used these substances. At the time of the study,
16% of the respondents may have had a potential current alcohol problem and
3.5% a potential drug problem. Pharmacy students most often reported
negative consequences from their AOD use. Peer pressure influenced the
drinking decisions of 55% of the respondents; students in dentistry and
pharmacy experienced the least support from peers for their decisions to
abstain from drinking. Family histories of alcohol problems were reported by
38% of the respondents, and family histories of drug use by 14.8%. Male
health profession students, when compared with the female professional
students, drank more and experienced more consequences of their drinking or
drug use and were also more influenced by peers.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
amphetamine derivative
cannabis
cocaine
illicit drug
opiate agonist
psychedelic agent
sedative agent
steroid
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (epidemiology, prevention)
drug dependence (epidemiology, prevention)
health care personnel
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
adult
alcohol abuse
alcohol consumption
article
college student
drinking behavior
drug abuse
female
health behavior
human
major clinical study
male
risk factor
sex difference
tobacco
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994158878
MEDLINE PMID
8046165 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8046165)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 933
TITLE
Primary health-care services with a functional ambulatory care clinical
pharmacy in a low-income housing project clinic.
AUTHOR NAMES
Oke T.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Oke T.O.) College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans
70125.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.O. Oke, College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans
70125.
SOURCE
Journal of the National Medical Association (1994) 86:6 (465-468). Date of
Publication: Jun 1994
ISSN
0027-9684
ABSTRACT
This article describes the establishment of clinical pharmacy services at a
primary health-care clinic in a low-income housing area in New Orleans. The
St Thomas Health Care Services Outpatient Clinic was established in 1987 by
the Catholic Sisters of Charity. The clinic provides care for 4500
ambulatory patients who otherwise have inadequate health care. Xavier
University College of Pharmacy established pharmacy services in the clinic
as a site for its ambulatory clerkship students. The pharmacy provides
training for students on the principles and practice standards of ambulatory
care pharmacy services, which include taking medication history and
performing drug therapy review. A computer-generated medical record was
developed to provide access to patients' demographic and drug profiles. The
system was designed to help the pharmacist preceptor and students detect,
resolve, and prevent drug-related problems, and to aid in learning to
monitor the progression of disease(s) and whether the patient is
experiencing the desired therapeutic outcome. Direct contact with patients
allows the pharmacist and the students to become familiar with patient
compliance problems, adverse drug reaction monitoring, patient counseling
techniques, and providing patient education.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health center
pharmacy
poverty
primary health care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
housing
human
organization and management
patient education
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
8078084 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8078084)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 934
TITLE
The provision of pharmaceutical care in a veterans' affairs medical center
outpatient HIV clinic
AUTHOR NAMES
Warnock A.C.
Rimland D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Warnock A.C.; Rimland D.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southern School
of Pharmacy, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA
30338, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.C. Warnock, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southern School of Pharmacy,
Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA 30338, United
States.
SOURCE
Hospital Pharmacy (1994) 29:2 (114-116+119-120). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
0018-5787
BOOK PUBLISHER
Facts and Comparisons, 111 W. Port Plaza, Ste. 300, St. Louis, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Recognizing the unique needs and demands of HIV-infected patients, it was
decided to implement pharmaceutical care in a VAMC outpatient HIV clinic.
Services provided to the patients by the pharmacist include drug
information, medication counseling with the help of educational handouts,
and drug- related problem identification and resolution. The pharmacist also
serves as a liaison between the patient and the VAMC outpatient pharmacy if
conflicts arise. Services provided to the other members of the HIV clinic
team include the provision of drug information and participation in clinical
research. In addition, the HIV clinic provides a training site for pharmacy
practice residents and Doctor of Pharmacy students on their ambulatory care
rotation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cotrimoxazole (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
didanosine (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy)
fluconazole (drug therapy)
ketoconazole (drug combination, drug interaction, drug therapy)
pentamidine isethionate (drug therapy)
zidovudine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
aciclovir (drug therapy)
ciprofloxacin (drug combination, drug therapy)
clarithromycin (drug combination, drug therapy)
clofazimine (drug combination, drug therapy)
dapsone (drug interaction, drug therapy)
ethambutol (drug combination, drug therapy)
pentamidine (drug therapy)
rifampicin (drug interaction, drug therapy)
zalcitabine (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Human immunodeficiency virus infection (drug therapy)
patient care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
anorexia (side effect)
article
fever (side effect)
headache (side effect)
human
insomnia (side effect)
mycobacteriosis (drug therapy)
nausea (side effect)
outpatient department
patient compliance
patient counseling
pharmacy
rash (side effect)
DRUG TRADE NAMES
bactrim
diflucan
nizoral
pentam
retrovir
videx
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
aciclovir (59277-89-3)
ciprofloxacin (85721-33-1)
clarithromycin (81103-11-9)
clofazimine (2030-63-9)
cotrimoxazole (8064-90-2)
dapsone (80-08-0)
didanosine (69655-05-6)
ethambutol (10054-05-4, 1070-11-7, 3577-94-4, 74-55-5)
fluconazole (86386-73-4)
ketoconazole (65277-42-1)
pentamidine (100-33-4)
pentamidine isethionate (140-64-7)
rifampicin (13292-46-1)
zalcitabine (7481-89-2)
zidovudine (30516-87-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994077342
MEDLINE PMID
10132150 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10132150)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 935
TITLE
Substance use among Venezuelan medical and pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Baptista T.
Novoa D.
Hernández R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Baptista T.) Department of Human Physiology, Universidad de los Andes,
Facultad de Medicina, P.O. Box 93, Mérida, 5101-A, Venezuela.
(Novoa D.; Hernández R.) Unit of Internal Medicine, Universidad de los
Andes, Facultad de Medicina, P.O. Box 93, Mérida, 5101-A, Venezuela.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T. Baptista, Department of Human Physiology, Universidad de los Andes,
Facultad de Medicina, PO Box 93, Merida, 5101-A, Venezuela.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (1994) 34:2 (121-127). Date of Publication: 1994
ISSN
0376-8716
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ireland Ltd, P.O. Box 85, Limerick, Ireland.
ABSTRACT
The frequency of substance use disorders and non-pathological use of drugs
was assessed in a cohort of undergraduate medical (N=1013) and pharmacy
students (N=426) from the University of the Andes (Merida, Venezuela). The
survey was conducted using a self-administered Spanish version of the
Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS-III-A). It was found that the lifetime
frequency of substance use disorders was significantly higher in medical
than in pharmacy students, but this difference disappeared when the sex was
controlled. Substance use disorders were more common in single males and
most cases were observed in subjects in their intermediate academic
semesters. It was also found that the frequency of non-pathological use of
drugs was higher in medical than in pharmacy students and in men than in
women. The frequency of substance use disorders in our sample was smaller
than that reported in American surveys of substance misuse among medical and
pharmacy students. However, because of methodological differences these
comparisons are questionable. Our results suggest that Venezuelan medical
students are not at an unusually high risk of substance misuse when compared
with pharmacy students whose reputedly low levels of substance use are often
contrasted with those of the medical profession.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
amphetamine
barbituric acid derivative
cannabis
cocaine
diamorphine
drug
psychedelic agent
tranquilizer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
substance abuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
female
human
major clinical study
male
medical student
pharmacy
priority journal
questionnaire
sex difference
student
tobacco
university
Venezuela
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994078721
MEDLINE PMID
8026299 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8026299)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(94)90132-5
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 936
TITLE
Tangential symbols: Using visual symbolization to teach pharmacological
principles of drug addiction to international audiences
AUTHOR NAMES
Giannini A.J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Giannini A.J.) 3040 Belmont Avenue, Youngstown, OH 44504, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
A.J. Giannini, 3040 Belmont Avenue, Youngstown, OH 44504, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1993) 33:12 (1139-1146). Date of
Publication: 1993
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
ABSTRACT
Visual art was used to teach the biopsychiatric model of addiction to
audiences in the Caribbean, Europe and Mideast. Art slides were tangentially
linked to slides of pharmacological data. Stylistically dense art was
processed by the intuitive right brain while spare notational
pharmacological data was processed by the intellectual (rationalistic) left
brain. Simultaneous presentation of these data enhanced attention and
retention. This teaching paradigm was based on the nonliterate methods
developed by Medieval architects and refined by Italian Renaissance
philosopher, Marsilio Ficino.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine derivative (pharmacology)
barbituric acid derivative (pharmacology)
cathinone (pharmacology)
diazepam (pharmacology)
ethchlorvynol (pharmacology)
methaqualone (pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzatropine (pharmacology)
bromocriptine (drug therapy)
cocaine (pharmacology)
codeine (pharmacology)
desipramine (drug therapy)
haloperidol (drug therapy)
ketamine (pharmacology)
lysergide (pharmacology)
mescaline (pharmacology)
morphine derivative (pharmacology)
naloxone (drug therapy)
phencyclidine (pharmacology)
physostigmine (drug therapy)
psilocybine (pharmacology)
stramonium
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence (drug therapy, prevention)
medical education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug classification
history of medicine
human
object relation
symbolism
teaching hospital
vision
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
benzatropine (86-13-5)
bromocriptine (25614-03-3)
cathinone (5265-18-9, 71031-15-7, 77271-59-1)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
diazepam (439-14-5)
ethchlorvynol (113-18-8)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
ketamine (1867-66-9, 6740-88-1, 81771-21-3)
lysergide (50-37-3)
mescaline (11006-96-5, 54-04-6, 832-92-8)
methaqualone (340-56-7, 72-44-6, 8056-67-5)
naloxone (357-08-4, 465-65-6)
phencyclidine (77-10-1, 956-90-1)
physostigmine (57-47-6, 64-47-1)
psilocybine (520-52-5)
stramonium (8063-18-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994027823
MEDLINE PMID
7510314 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7510314)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 937
TITLE
Pharmacy, undergraduates' and preregistration pharmacists' attitudes towards
drug misuse and HIV
AUTHOR NAMES
Sheridan J.
Barber N.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sheridan J.; Barber N.D.) School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39
Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J. Sheridan, School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick
Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
SOURCE
Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy (1993) 10:4 (163-170). Date of
Publication: 1993
ISSN
0281-0662
ABSTRACT
The objectives of this study were: 1. To identify attitudes of pharmacy
undergraduates (UG) and preregistration pharmacists (PR) towards drug misuse
and HIV/AIDS. 2. To determine the level of tharmacy related experience of
respondents in the areas of drug misuse and HIV/AIDS. 3. To determine the
UGs) and PRs' perception of education at the School of Pharmacy, with
respect to drug misuse and HIV/AIDS. 4. To investigate the use of
information sources by UG and PR for information on HIV/AIDS and drug
misuse. All third year UG and the previous year's UG, now PR pharmacists,
were provided with questionnaires. Results indicated that both cohorts had a
representative degree of professional exposure to drug misusers and the
supply of controlled drugs. Both cohorts exhibited a positive professional
attitude, believing that pharmacists had a role to play in the prevention of
the spread of HIV. However, some negative attitudes were expressed which may
have been related to fear, stigmatisation of intravenous drug misusers and
persons with HIV, and lack of knowledge. Both cohorts indicated that they
did not know enough to be able to counsel clients about drug misuse and
HIV/AIDS. Results of the investigations into the use of information sources
showed an underutilisation of professional journals and professional texts
by undergraduates. Opinions on the teaching of these subjects at the School
of Pharmacy was mixed. Principal components analysis produced evidence of
three different 'types' of respondent; a general response of 'good' to
'poor', a differentiation between the scientific and social content, and a
differentiation between teaching on HIV/AIDS and on drug misuse. The results
of the study will be used to assess the educational content and methodology
of these subjects. Further research will be required into the relationship
between knowledge and attitude and into the effect of teaching on attitude
and knowledge.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acquired immune deficiency syndrome
article
drug abuse
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1994089904
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 938
TITLE
A problem-solving system of instruction (CINE') on the pharmacology of drug
dependence
AUTHOR NAMES
Hutcheon D.
Gertner S.
Havelin D.M.
Flynn E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hutcheon D.; Gertner S.; Havelin D.M.; Flynn E.) Pharmacology/Toxicology
Department, New Jersey Medical School, UMDNJ, Newark, NJ 07103, United
States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D. Hutcheon, Pharmacology/Toxicology Department, New Jersey Medical School,
UMDNJ, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
SOURCE
NIDA Research Monograph Series (1993) :132 (324). Date of Publication: 1993
ISSN
1046-9516
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
adrenergic receptor stimulating agent
cocaine
dopamine receptor stimulating agent
serotonin agonist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
microcomputer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
calculation
conference paper
decision making
drug antagonism
drug screening
drug tolerance
drug toxicity
drug withdrawal
human
laboratory
learning
technology
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1993301872
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 939
TITLE
Establishment of a bone marrow transplant satellite pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Woloschuk D.M.M.
Nazeravich D.R.
Gray L.J.
Larter J.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Woloschuk D.M.M.; Nazeravich D.R.; Gray L.J.; Larter J.M.) Health Sciences
Centre, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Services, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg,
Man. R3A 1R9, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.M.M. Woloschuk, Health Sciences Centre, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Services,
820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Man. R3A 1R9, Canada.
SOURCE
Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1993) 46:1 (5-11). Date of
Publication: 1993
ISSN
0008-4123
BOOK PUBLISHER
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 30 Concourse Gate, Unit 3, Ottawa,
Canada.
ABSTRACT
The planning, establishment and operation of a bone marrow transplant
(B.M.T.) satellite pharmacy in a 1100-bed teaching hospital are described.
The B.M.T. satellite pharmacy was established because of the specialized
pharmaceutical care needs of this patient population with a high risk for
drug-related problems. The satellite pharmacy, which is located within a
19-bed Oncology Unit, provides integrated clinical-distributive services
(unit-dose, IV-admixture system) to all B.M.T. patients. The satellite is
open 10.5 hours per day, seven days per week. Staff consists of three
full-time equivalent (F.T.E.) staff pharmacists, a 0.5 F.T.E. technician,
and one F.T.E. clinical pharmacist. Staff pharmacists rotate between
provision of B.M.T. pharmacy services, and provision of pharmacy services
for the provincial Home Parenteral Nutrition program. The pharmacists are
responsible for all aspects of drug distribution and clinical services for
B.M.T. patients. Additional drug distribution and clinical services are
provided to other Oncology Unit patients. The establishment of a satellite
pharmacy has provided unique opportunities for pharmaceutical care of the
B.M.T. patient.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
cyclosporin A (drug therapy)
prednisone (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
bone marrow transplantation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
graft rejection (drug therapy)
human
patient care
pharmacy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cyclosporin A (59865-13-3, 63798-73-2)
prednisone (53-03-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Hematology (25)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English, French
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1993138562
MEDLINE PMID
10124614 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10124614)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 940
TITLE
Effects of an education program for community pharmacists on detecting
drug-related problems in elderly patients.
AUTHOR NAMES
Kimberlin C.L.
Berardo D.H.
Pendergast J.F.
McKenzie L.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kimberlin C.L.; Berardo D.H.; Pendergast J.F.; McKenzie L.C.) Department of
Pharmacy Health Care Administration, University of Florida, Gainesville
32610.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
C.L. Kimberlin, Department of Pharmacy Health Care Administration,
University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
SOURCE
Medical care (1993) 31:5 (451-468). Date of Publication: May 1993
ISSN
0025-7079
ABSTRACT
Community pharmacists are in a position to assume increased responsibility
for preventing and resolving drug-related problems in ambulatory patients.
Such an expanded role is mandated under provisions of the Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1990. The need for pharmacist oversight of drug
therapy may be most acute in elderly patients. This study reports on a
program to teach community pharmacists a process of assessing drug therapy
of elderly patients and intervening to correct problems. Community
pharmacists (N = 102) were assigned to treatment and control conditions.
Both groups targeted patients meeting criteria and enrolled them into the
study. Treatment group pharmacists, who participated in a training program,
also assessed the medication use of enrolled patients to identify and
resolve medication-related problems. Patients (N = 762) were telephoned by
researchers 1 month after enrollment for an interview. Comparisons between
treatment and control group patients were made on reports of pharmacist
activities, knowledge of regimens, compliance, and potential drug therapy
problems, such as interactions and side effects. Treatment patients were
more likely to report that pharmacists provided information and assessed for
problems than were control patients. These differences were maintained on
3-month follow-up questionnaires. No differences were found on the odds that
patients indicated misunderstanding of regimens, non-compliance, or
potential therapeutic problems.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug (adverse drug reaction, drug administration)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
human relation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
article
clinical trial
comparative study
controlled study
counseling
female
follow up
human
male
middle aged
patient compliance
randomized controlled trial
time
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
8501992 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8501992)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 941
TITLE
Pharmacy students' experience with identifying and solving drug-related
problems during clinical clerkship
AUTHOR NAMES
Briceland L.L.
Hamilton R.A.
Kane M.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Briceland L.L.; Hamilton R.A.; Kane M.P.) Albany College of Pharmacy, 106
New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.L. Briceland, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany,
NY 12208, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1993) 50:2 (294-296). Date of
Publication: 1993
ISSN
0002-9289
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical education
clinical pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug indication
drug industry
note
patient compliance
pharmacist
priority journal
problem solving
student
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1993051948
MEDLINE PMID
8480787 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8480787)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 942
TITLE
Pharmacy education and drug abuse in Pakistan.
AUTHOR NAMES
Khan I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Khan I.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
I. Khan,
SOURCE
World health forum (1992) 13:1 (57-58). Date of Publication: 1992
ISSN
0251-2432
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (prevention)
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug legislation
letter
Pakistan
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
1637476 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1637476)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 943
TITLE
Clinical pharmacology and the provision of drug information
AUTHOR NAMES
Ohman B.
Lyrvall H.
Tornqvist E.
Alvan G.
Sjoqvist F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ohman B.; Lyrvall H.; Tornqvist E.; Alvan G.; Sjoqvist F.) Drug Information
Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Huddinge University Hospital,
S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
B. Ohman, Drug Information Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology,
Huddinge University Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
SOURCE
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1992) 42:6 (563-567). Date of
Publication: 1992
ISSN
0031-6970
BOOK PUBLISHER
Springer Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17, Heidelberg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
Clinical pharmacologists have a service role in the provision of drug
information to individuals both in hospitals and primary health care. We
present here a systematic approach in answering questions in a drug
information centre (DIC), and describe the working method and the
documentation of the work in a question answer (Q/A) data base. Drugline is
a full-text data base offering problem-oriented drug evaluation comparable
to a clinical consultation. The drug information is produced in a
non-commercial drug information centre sponsored by the national health care
section and the National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies, and run jointly
by clinical pharmacologists and pharmacists. A minor part of Drugline is
available in English for online searching, in parallel with Medline at the
database host, the Medical Information Centre at the Karolinska Institute
Library and Information Centre, and the users represent mainly medical
libraries, hospital pharmacies, university clinics, and the pharmaceutical
industry. A network of DICs has been organized in Swedish university
hospitals with access to Drugline for searching and the storage of questions
and answers. This network has the potential for expansion throughout Europe.
It offers the unique possibility of complementing drug product information
with problem-oriented drug information emerging from cases in the real world
of prescribing.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacology
data base
drug information
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cost
drug industry
education
health care
pharmacy
physician
priority journal
short survey
training
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Biophysics, Bioengineering and Medical Instrumentation (27)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992173517
MEDLINE PMID
1623895 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1623895)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 944
TITLE
Evaluation of patient-care interventions by Pharm.D. clerkship students
AUTHOR NAMES
Briceland L.L.
Kane M.P.
Hamilton R.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Briceland L.L.; Kane M.P.; Hamilton R.A.) Albany College of Pharmacy, 106
New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.L. Briceland, Albany College of Pharmacy, 106 New Scotland Avenue, Albany,
NY 12208, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1992) 49:5 (1130-1132). Date of
Publication: 1992
ISSN
0002-9289
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
A program is described in which Pharm.D. clerkship students provide
pharmaceutical care by identifying drug-related problems, suggesting
interventions to solve the problems, and documenting the patient's outcome.
Four doctor of pharmacy degree students under the direct guidance of a
clinical pharmacy preceptor suggested 231 patient-care interventions during
their clinical rotations; 219 (94.8%) of the interventions were either fully
or partially accepted by the prescriber. The most commonly solved drug-
related problems were underdose (31.5%) and overdose (17.4%), followed by
untreated indications (14.1%) and drug given without indication (13.7%). The
remainder of the drug-related problems that the students solved were
improper drug selection, failure to receive drug, adverse drug reactions, or
drug interactions. All but 10 interventions were considered by preceptors to
be significant contributions to patient care. The interventions were
estimated to have decreased drug costs in 50.7% of the cases, increased drug
costs in 23.7% of the cases, and not changed drug costs in 25.6% of the
cases. Patient outcomes were documented by the students in 58.9% of cases;
the desired goals of the accepted intervention were achieved in all
documented cases. A preceptor-supervised intervention program was beneficial
to Pharm.D. students and patients and was well received by prescribers.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
patient care
problem solving
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
conference paper
cost benefit analysis
documentation
drug choice
drug induced disease (prevention)
drug overdose (prevention)
drug use
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992164998
MEDLINE PMID
1595740 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1595740)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 945
TITLE
Availability of narcotics and pharmacists' attitudes toward narcotic
prescriptions for cancer patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Holdsworth M.T.
Raisch D.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Holdsworth M.T.; Raisch D.W.) College of Pharmacy, University of New
Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.T. Holdsworth, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque,
NM 87131, United States.
SOURCE
Annals of Pharmacotherapy (1992) 26:3 (321-326). Date of Publication: 1992
ISSN
1060-0280
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine narcotic availability and pharmacist apprehension
toward dispensing narcotics for cancer patients. DESIGN: Mailing of a one-
page survey. SETTING: All pharmacies in the state of New Mexico.
PARTICIPANTS: Of the 309 pharmacies, 76.1 percent (235) completed the
survey. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Apprehension was significantly
elevated for methadone, hydromorphone, and for morphine doses >500 mg/d
(p<0.001). The most common reasons listed for apprehension were forgery
(46.4 percent), theft (40.4 percent), high dosages (23.8 percent), narcotic
investigations (18.7 percent), and patient addiction (9.4 percent).
Hydromorphone was available (in stock) in 80.5 percent of the pharmacies,
followed by morphine 30-mg sustained-release tablets (64.5 percent) and
methadone (53.4 percent). The vast majority of pharmacists were willing to
order strong narcotics for specific patients. Pharmacists working in chain
stores expressed a higher level of apprehension toward dispensing methadone
and more frequently cited forgery as a reason for apprehension. Distance
from a metropolitan area and practice setting best predicted apprehension to
forgery (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacists do not appear to be a major
obstruction to adequate analgesia for cancer patients in New Mexico but may
require further education regarding lack of narcotic addiction and dosing in
patients with cancer.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic agent
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
hydromorphone
methadone
morphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude
cancer patient
pharmacist
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
analgesia
article
drug dose
education
forgery
human
human experiment
narcotic dependence
priority journal
United States
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992124843
MEDLINE PMID
1554950 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1554950)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 946
TITLE
Research review. Opiate tolerance and dependence: Recent findings and
synthesis
AUTHOR NAMES
Trujillo K.A.
Akil H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Trujillo K.A.; Akil H.) Mental Health Research Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0720
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
48109-0720
SOURCE
New Biologist (1991) 3:10 (915-923). Date of Publication: 1991
ISSN
1043-4674
ABSTRACT
Recent studies have led to a greater understanding of the behavioral,
cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying opiate tolerance and physical
dependence. Behavioral studies have demonstrated that both direct
pharmacological effects and the learning of interactions between drug
effects and environmental cues are important in these phenomena. Behavioral
studies have also revealed that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors may play a
role in their development (or acquisition). Although in early cellular
studies no consistent role was found for opioid receptors or endogenous
opioid peptides in opiate tolerance and dependence, recent experiments
suggest that β-endorphin, enkephalin, and dynorphin neurons may indeed have
a role. Finally, studies at the molecular level suggest that a functional
decoupling of opioid receptors from GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) may be
important. In this review, we discuss these disparate findings and present a
synthesis that shows how they might together contribute to the phenomena of
opiate tolerance and physical dependence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
beta endorphin (endogenous compound)
dynorphin (endogenous compound)
enkephalin (endogenous compound)
guanine nucleotide binding protein (endogenous compound)
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor
opiate receptor
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
beta endorphin (59887-17-1)
dynorphin (74913-18-1)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1991349911
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 947
TITLE
Personality traits and platelet monoamine oxidase activity in alcoholic
women
AUTHOR NAMES
Hallman J.
Knorring L.V.
Edman G.
Oreland L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hallman J.; Knorring L.V.; Edman G.; Oreland L.) Department of Medical
Pharmacology, BMC, POB 593, 751 24 Uppsala
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Medical Pharmacology, BMC, POB 593, 751 24 Uppsala
SOURCE
Addictive Behaviors (1991) 16:6 (533-541). Date of Publication: 1991
ISSN
0306-4603
BOOK PUBLISHER
Elsevier Ltd, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
Twenty-nine women, sent to an inpatient treatment facility for
rehabilitation and social training after treatment for heavy alcohol abuse,
were compared with 29 female students of pharmacy or medicine with regard to
platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and extraversion-impulsivity and
anxiety-proneness personality traits. The alcoholic females were found to
have slightly lower platelet MAO activity than the controls, the difference
being considerably smaller than that previously found between male
alcoholics and male controls. The personality pattern of the female
alcoholics is in line with that previously found in alcoholic males. Thus,
the female alcoholics were characterized by high anxiety proneness,
impulsive acting-out behaviour, sensation seeking, social withdrawal, and a
hostile attitude.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amine oxidase (flavin containing) (endogenous compound)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
enzyme activity
personality
thrombocyte
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
acting out
anxiety
article
blood analysis
clinical article
controlled study
female
hostility
human
impulsiveness
psychosocial withdrawal
rating scale
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amine oxidase (flavin containing) (37255-42-8, 9001-66-5, 9059-11-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry (29)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992027195
MEDLINE PMID
1801577 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1801577)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(91)90061-L
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 948
TITLE
Misperceptions and inadequate pain management in cancer patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Bressler L.R.
Geraci M.C.
Schatz B.S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bressler L.R.; Geraci M.C.; Schatz B.S.) Pharmacy Practice Department,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, 833 S. Wood, Chicago, IL 60612,
United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
L.R. Bressler, Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, University
of Illinois, 833 S. Wood, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
SOURCE
DICP, Annals of Pharmacotherapy (1991) 25:11 (1225-1230). Date of
Publication: 1991
ISSN
1042-9611
BOOK PUBLISHER
Harvey Whitney Books Company, 8044 Montgomery Road, Suite 415, Cincinnati,
United States.
ABSTRACT
This article examines misperceptions and barriers to adequate pain relief in
cancer patients. Healthcare professionals have gaps in their knowledge of
opioid drugs as well as misconceptions concerning tolerance, physical
dependence, and addiction that often lead to the underprescribing of these
agents. The pervasiveness of the 'say no to drugs' message in our society
and the fear of addiction on the part of patients and their families creates
yet another barrier to the legitimate use of opioids to treat cancer pain.
Legal and regulatory documents filled with arbitrary and ill-defined labels
meant to promote the legitimate use of these drugs and curtail their misuse
may instead intimidate healthcare professionals and negatively influence
prescribing habits. Increased educational efforts for pharmacists and other
healthcare professionals as well as the development of clinical role models
and state cancer pain initiatives are cited as means to break down these
barriers in order to achieve adequate pain relief for all cancer patients.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate (drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
codeine (drug combination, drug therapy)
hydromorphone (drug therapy)
morphine (drug therapy)
paracetamol (drug combination, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
analgesia
cancer pain (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug abuse
drug choice
drug dependence
drug information
drug tolerance
drug use
health care personnel
human
physician
prescription
priority journal
review
DRUG TRADE NAMES
dilaudid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
codeine (76-57-3)
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992020866
MEDLINE PMID
1722370 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1722370)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 949
TITLE
Molecular mechanisms of memory and drug dependence.
AUTHOR NAMES
Alkon D.L.
Matzel L.D.
Collin C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Alkon D.L.; Matzel L.D.; Collin C.) National Institutes of Health,
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Bethesda, MD 20892.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.L. Alkon, National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Molecular and
Cellular Neurobiology, Bethesda, MD 20892.
SOURCE
Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement. (1991) 1 (35-37).
Date of Publication: 1991
ISSN
1358-6173
ABSTRACT
Addiction has long been thought to include both metabolic and psychological
dependence. Psychological dependence must involve long-term memory of
behavioral patterns in response to specific experimental contexts. Mammalian
memory, and more specifically, human memory, is largely associative. Animal
models of associative memory have been provided by Pavlovian conditioning of
the snail Hermissenda crassicornis and the rabbit. Striking parallels have
been observed in the intrinsic molecular and biophysical transformations
which accompany acquisition of the conditioned response in these different
animals. In brief, associated stimuli cause elevation of Ca2+ and
diacylglycerol, translocation of protein kinase C, phosphorylation of a
membrane-associated G-protein, reduction of K+ currents, modification of
axonal transport and structural alterations of neuronal branches. These
changes can be understood and modelled as a plausible basis for memory
acquisition during conditioning as well as more cognitively relevant
learning such as spatial maze learning for which related neuronal
alterations have recently been found. Identification of memory-specific
molecular steps may help target pharmacologic agents for amelioration of
learned aspects of psychiatric syndromes such as those of drug dependence.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
memory
snail
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal
human
pathophysiology
physiology
psychological aspect
review
synapse
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
1845561 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1845561)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 950
TITLE
A cognitive-social learning approach to relapse: pharmacotherapy and relapse
prevention counselling.
AUTHOR NAMES
Annis H.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Annis H.M.) Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
H.M. Annis, Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
SOURCE
Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement. (1991) 1
(527-530). Date of Publication: 1991
ISSN
1358-6173
ABSTRACT
A cognitive-social learning model of relapse prevention, specifically Albert
Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, is one of the most influential
theoretical frameworks that has been applied to the problem of relapse in
the substance abuse field. Theory and research within this approach are
reviewed and future directions for research are suggested. It is proposed
that the critical distinction drawn between treatment strategies aimed at
"initiation" versus "maintenance" of behaviour change provides a theoretical
framework for the use of pharmacological agents in the treatment of alcohol
problems. Pharmacological agents can be powerful in initiating a change in
consumption, but if patients externally attribute to the drug the cause of
their improvement, maintenance of improvement following withdrawal of the
drug is likely to be poor. Relapse prevention counselling procedures, on the
other hand, have been designed to provide self-attribution for change in
drinking behaviour on the part of patients to promote maintenance of
treatment effects. A combined approach using pharmacological agents (aimed
at initiating a change in drinking) in conjunction with relapse prevention
counselling procedures (aimed at fostering internal attribution and
maintenance of change) should improve long-term outcome results. Available
empirical evidence is presented.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cyanamide (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism (drug therapy, rehabilitation)
counseling
learning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cognition
human
psychological aspect
recurrent disease
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
cyanamide (151-51-9, 420-04-2)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
1845593 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1845593)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 951
TITLE
Management of panic disorders
AUTHOR NAMES
Alexander P.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Alexander P.E.)
SOURCE
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (1991) 23:4 (329-333). Date of Publication:
1991
ISSN
0279-1072
BOOK PUBLISHER
Haight-Ashbury Publications, 612 Clayton Street, San Francisco, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Panic disorders are medical conditions requiring an eclectic treatment
approach that often combines pharmacotherapeutics with education, cognitive-
behavior therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. This article focuses on the
management of medication within this framework. The medications that have
been found to be effective include tricyclic antidepressants, fluoxetine,
monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and higher potency benzodiazepines. Although
alprazolam is the most studied medication and acts very rapidly, each type
of medication has unique advantages and liabilities. The general treatment
strategy with all the medications is to start with a low dose and increase
it slowly until side effects develop or panic attacks cease. The treatment
approach should be oriented toward a chronic illness that often requires
long-term medication.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alprazolam (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
benzodiazepine derivative (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
fluoxetine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (adverse drug reaction, drug dose, drug
therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
caffeine (adverse drug reaction)
desipramine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
imipramine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
phenelzine (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
panic (drug therapy, side effect, therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
diet
drug dependence (side effect)
human
mania (side effect)
orthostatic hypotension (side effect)
review
tachycardia (side effect)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
caffeine (58-08-2)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
fluoxetine (54910-89-3, 56296-78-7, 59333-67-4)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
phenelzine (156-51-4, 51-71-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992114736
MEDLINE PMID
1813604 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1813604)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 952
TITLE
Pharmacy practice in private clinics in Nigeria
AUTHOR NAMES
Erhun W.O.
Ademola-Oresanya Y.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Erhun W.O.; Ademola-Oresanya Y.) Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, P.O.
Box 531, Mushin
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, P.O. Box 531, Mushin
SOURCE
Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy (1991) 8:3 (136-140). Date of
Publication: 1991
ISSN
0281-0662
ABSTRACT
Hospital Pharmacy Practice is well established in government owned health
institutions in Nigeria. This is not the case with the private institutions.
This study sought to examine the role(s) played by pharmacists in private
clinics, the physicians' perception of the pharmacist's role especially as
it relates to the indispensability of the pharmacist and the distribution of
pharmacies in these institutions. 64 private clinics were studied using
questionnaires, structured interview and personal observation. 59% of the
clinics had pharmacies and 48% of these had resident pharmacists. Physicians
generally indicated that pharmacists were needed in private clinics for
cases of drug abuse, misuse, and drug interactions. Some indicated that
pharmacists may also assist in improving quality of health services.
However, 48% of the physicians in the hospitals without resident pharmacists
attributed it to lack of funds, hospital size and pharmacists' preference
for part time jobs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health care system
pharmacy
private practice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
cooperation
human
job performance
Nigeria
pharmacist
physician
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1992067263
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 953
TITLE
The issues of chemical dependency in dentistry.
AUTHOR NAMES
MacDonald R.M.
MacInnis W.A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(MacDonald R.M.; MacInnis W.A.) Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University,
Halifax, N.S.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.M. MacDonald, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
SOURCE
Journal (Canadian Dental Association) (1991) 57:11 (873-874, 876). Date of
Publication: Nov 1991
ISSN
0709-8936
ABSTRACT
The problem of chemical dependency is a topical issue in society today. With
the increase in the number and types of prescription drugs, the
proliferation of illegal drugs, and easy access to alcohol, chemical
dependency has no socioeconomic boundaries. Professionals, blue collar
workers and students, both male and female, are susceptible to the problem.
The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on chemical dependency
as it relates to the profession of dentistry. It will also look at the
definition, prevalence, etiology, recognition, treatment and prevention of
chemical dependency. Most of the evidence from the literature indicates that
chemical dependency is a disease; it is treatable and can be prevented. The
treatment of the disease requires the input of support groups at the
professional level as well as at student level. The prevention of chemical
dependency must begin in the curricula of dental schools with emphasis on
the pharmacology and interaction of drugs.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (epidemiology)
dentist
malpractice
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
Canada (epidemiology)
human
prevalence
review
United States (epidemiology)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
1747816 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1747816)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 954
TITLE
Opiate tolerance and dependence: recent findings and synthesis.
AUTHOR NAMES
Trujillo K.A.
Akil H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Trujillo K.A.; Akil H.) Mental Health Research Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0720.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.A. Trujillo, Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor 48109-0720.
SOURCE
The New biologist (1991) 3:10 (915-923). Date of Publication: Oct 1991
ISSN
1043-4674
ABSTRACT
Recent studies have led to a greater understanding of the behavioral,
cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying opiate tolerance and physical
dependence. Behavioral studies have demonstrated that both direct
pharmacological effects and the learning of interactions between drug
effects and environmental cues are important in these phenomena. Behavioral
studies have also revealed that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors may play a
role in their development (or acquisition). Although in early cellular
studies no consistent role was found for opioid receptors or endogenous
opioid peptides in opiate tolerance and dependence, recent experiments
suggest that beta-endorphin, enkephalin, and dynorphin neurons may indeed
have a role. Finally, studies at the molecular level suggest that a
functional decoupling of opioid receptors from GTP-binding proteins (G
proteins) may be important. In this review, we discuss these disparate
findings and present a synthesis that shows how they might together
contribute to the phenomena of opiate tolerance and physical dependence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
narcotic agent (adverse drug reaction, drug therapy, pharmacology)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
calcium
dizocilpine maleate (pharmacology)
endorphin
guanine nucleotide binding protein
n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor
opiate receptor
proopiomelanocortin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
opiate addiction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal
biological model
biosynthesis
drug antagonism
drug effect
drug tolerance
gene expression regulation
genetics
human
learning
male
metabolism
nerve cell plasticity
physiology
rat
rat strain
review
second messenger
withdrawal syndrome
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
calcium (7440-70-2)
dizocilpine maleate (77086-22-7)
endorphin (60118-07-2)
proopiomelanocortin (66796-54-1)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
1662985 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1662985)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 955
TITLE
Geriatric pharmacy education in the United States of America
AUTHOR NAMES
Cooper J.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cooper J.W.) Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, The
University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, The University of
Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
SOURCE
Journal of Geriatric Drug Therapy (1991) 5:4 (21-37). Date of Publication:
1991
ISSN
8756-4629
ABSTRACT
The evolution of geriatric pharmacy education in the United States of
America has been an outgrowth of the clinical pharmacy movement over the
past 25 years. The establishment and further development of professional
organizations that address the needs of the geriatric patient population
include the American Society of Hospital Pharmacy, American Society of
Consultant Pharmacists, and the American College of Clinical Pharmacy.
Despite gradual progress in the development of clinical educational
programs, there are no required educational accreditation requirements for
geriatrics training. There are health care needs and a high prevalence of
unresolved drug-related problems of drug misuse and adverse reaction found
in geriatric patients at all levels of care. The academic didactic courses
for entry level clinicians in geriatrics include rigorous courses in
pathophysiology, pharmacotherapy, pharmacokinetics, patient assessment, and
drug information. Clerkships at all levels of care that develop drug therapy
consultation skills for geriatric patients, over a minimum of 1500 hours,
should be an entry level requirement for all future practitioners of
pharmacy. Post-graduate residency and fellowship training programs for the
recent graduates and mini-residencies and concise certificate courses for
past graduates should be encouraged for the development of a national
standard of pharmacy care for geriatric patients.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
geriatrics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education
review
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1991232553
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 956
TITLE
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
AUTHOR NAMES
Biederman J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Biederman J.) Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, MA
02114
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, MA 02114
SOURCE
Annals of Clinical Psychiatry (1991) 3:1 (9-22). Date of Publication: 1991
ISSN
1040-1237
BOOK PUBLISHER
Dowden Health Media,Inc, 110 Summit Avenue, Montvale, United States.
ABSTRACT
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent
disorder that has an onset in early childhood, but persists frequently into
adolescence and adulthood. Outcome studies suggest continued deleterious
effects in adolescence and adulthood with continued academic impairment, and
increased risk for the development of antisocial behaviors, substance abuse,
and psychopathology. Recent findings indicate that ADHD is highly familial
and that discrete subtypes may be identified based on patterns of
comorbidity, particularly with conduct, mood, and anxiety disorders. These
subtypes may have differing risk factors, clinical course, and
pharmacological responses. Treatment needs to be multimodal and may include
individual therapy, family counseling and parental guidance, cognitive and
behavior therapy, remedial educational interventions, and pharmacotherapy.
The mainstay of pharmacotherapy has been the stimulant medications, but
alternative interventions including tricyclic antidepressants are available.
Patients and families should be educated regarding the nature of this
disorder, the available interventions, and the need for long-term support
and follow-up.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amfebutamone (drug therapy)
amphetamine (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy)
clonidine (drug therapy)
methylphenidate (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy)
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (drug therapy)
tricyclic antidepressant agent (drug comparison, drug dose, drug therapy)
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
desipramine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
imipramine (drug comparison, drug therapy)
placebo (drug comparison)
propranolol (drug therapy)
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
antisocial behavior
anxiety
attention deficit disorder (drug therapy)
family
hyperactivity
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
child
human
review
short survey
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amfebutamone (31677-93-7, 34911-55-2)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1991186162
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 957
TITLE
Alcohol use and abuse in random samples of physicians and medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
McAuliffe W.E.
Rohman M.
Breer P.
Wyshak G.
Santangelo S.
Magnuson E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McAuliffe W.E.; Rohman M.; Breer P.; Wyshak G.; Santangelo S.; Magnuson E.)
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, 1493
Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
W.E. McAuliffe, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge
Hospital, 1493 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Public Health (1991) 81:2 (177-182). Date of
Publication: 1991
ISSN
0090-0036
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Public Health Association Inc., 800 I Street NW, Washington, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Background. This study sought to resolve conflicting views about whether
physicians are especially prone to alcohol abuse. Methods. Using an
anonymous, mailed questionnaire on substance use, we surveyed 500
physicians, 510 pharmacists, and 974 of their students. The physicians and
pharmacists were selected randomly from the state society's membership
lists, and students selected were from local school lists. Follow-up surveys
were sent to nonresponders at two-week intervals. Results. The physicians
and medical students did not drink especially heavily and were no more
vulnerable to alcoholism than were their counterparts in pharmacy and other
professions. Physicians differed from pharmacists in their style of drinking
(greater frequency, smaller quantity), but not in total amount of alcohol
consumed. Drinking habits among physicians were not associated with medical
specialty or type of practice, but were positively related to gender (males
drank more than females) and to age (older doctors were more apt to qualify
as heavy drinkers than were younger doctors). Conclusions. Physicians were
no more likely to abuse substances nonmedically than were other
professionals. Any group in which alcohol use is nearly universal incurs a
risk of abuse and impairment that cannot be ignored.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
alcoholism
drinking behavior
medical student
pharmacist
physician
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
female
human
male
normal human
priority journal
questionnaire
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1991117368
MEDLINE PMID
1990855 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1990855)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 958
TITLE
Evaluation of substance abuse education courses in colleges of pharmacy
AUTHOR NAMES
Miederhoff P.A.
Lyng S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Miederhoff P.A.; Lyng S.) Department of Sociology, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, VA 23298
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Sociology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
23298
SOURCE
Research Communications in Substances of Abuse (1990) 11:3 (135-151). Date
of Publication: 1990
ISSN
0193-0818
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
drug abuse
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
human
normal human
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1990380840
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 959
TITLE
Use of psychoactive drugs for nontherapeutic reasons by pharmacy students in
Puerto Rico
AUTHOR NAMES
Chavez M.L.
Chavez P.I.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Chavez M.L.; Chavez P.I.) Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto
Rico, G.P.O. Box 5067, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M.L. Chavez, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, G.P.O. Box
5067, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1990) 47:11 (2520-2522). Date of
Publication: 1990
ISSN
0002-9289
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
psychostimulant agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
college student
drug abuse
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
conference paper
female
human
male
normal human
priority journal
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1991016384
MEDLINE PMID
2278266 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2278266)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 960
TITLE
Pharmacy practice in a chemical-dependency treatment center
AUTHOR NAMES
Ives T.J.
Stults C.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ives T.J.; Stults C.C.) School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, NC
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
T.J. Ives, Dept. of Family Medicine, Box 7595, Univ. of North Carolina,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7595, United States.
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1990) 47:5 (1080-1083). Date of
Publication: 1990
ISSN
0002-9289
BOOK PUBLISHER
American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacy, 7272 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda,
United States.
ABSTRACT
The role of a pharmacist in a chemical-dependency treatment center is
described. A pharmacist joined the staff of an outpatient methadone
maintenance and chemical-dependency clinic at the request of the clinic's
medical staff. In addition to the standard dispensing role, the pharmacist
provides drug information, counsels staff and patients, and serves as the
medical clinic coordinator. The pharmacist is also responsible for taking
medical and drug-use histories, initially evaluating the degree of chemical
dependency, assisting in the development of drug therapy plans for
chemically dependent patients, and monitoring the effect of prescribed
regimens. Other duties include serving as a health educator within the
community and as a preceptor for baccalaureate and Doctor of Pharmacy
students during substance abuse clerkships, and consulting on the management
of chemically dependent patients who are hospitalized for other illnesses or
specific conditions. The pharmacist's knowledge of pharmacotherapy and drug
products and skill in assessing and managing problems related to substance
abuse allowed physicians and nurses more time for other patient-care
activities and helped the behavioral counselors develop a better
understanding of the pharmacologic aspects involved in the health care of
chemically dependent patients. The inclusion of a pharmacist in the
chemical-dependency health-care team in this outpatient setting was
accepted, valued, and recommended by the rest of the clinic staff.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hypnotic agent
methadone
opiate
sedative agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
drug abuse
drug dependence
health care
pharmacist
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
detoxification
drug information
drug monitoring
education
human
patient information
physician
priority journal
responsibility
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methadone (1095-90-5, 125-56-4, 23142-53-2, 297-88-1, 76-99-3)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1990151524
MEDLINE PMID
2337098 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2337098)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 961
TITLE
The physician's role in smoking cessation. A present and future agenda
AUTHOR NAMES
Nett L.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nett L.M.) Presbyterian St Luke's Center for health Science Education,
Denver, CO
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Presbyterian St Luke's Center for health Science Education, Denver, CO
SOURCE
Chest (1990) 97:2 SUPPL. (28S-32S). Date of Publication: 1990
ISSN
0012-3692
BOOK PUBLISHER
American College of Chest Physicians, 3300 Dundee Road, Northbrook, United
States.
ABSTRACT
Medical views in the United States on the effects of smoking have shifted
dramatically since the published evidence in 1958 established the link
between smoking and fatal disease. Today's physician should be a nonsmoking
role model, whose workplace both directly and indirectly teaches smoking
cessation skills. Publications on smoking cessation techniques from the
National Institutes of Health along with intervention tools such as patient
smoking history questionnaires are available free of charge to physicians.
Patient histories are critical to the intervention process, for they provide
essential clues and information about which stage in cessation of smoking
the patient has already reached: precontemplation, contemplation, action,
and maintenance. Different approaches and techniques are required at each
stage. The most important objective for the physician with a patient at the
stage of contemplating quitting is to initiate a conversation leading to a
directive to quit, with benefits of quitting stressed as reinforcement.
Actively motivated patients committed to quit dates may need both
educational and pharmacologic support; issues such as nicotine dependence
and withdrawal symptoms must be addressed. Pharmacologic therapy at this
time may consist of substitution of nicotine-containing gum (nicotine
polacrilex) for cigarettes. Used in sufficient, regular dosages, the
nicotine gum has been found to help diminish withdrawal symptoms following
smoking cessation. Other drug therapies are currently under study. For now,
nicotine replacement therapy (where indicated) is to be used for at least
three months, the period of greatest chance of relapse. The physician should
continue to encourage patients who have quit smoking to forestall relapses,
while tacitly understanding that the incidence of relapse is high in
first-time quitters. Hospital inpatients provide an opportunity to initiate
bedside smoking cessation programs. The hope is that, in the future,
hospitals will involve the entire health team in comprehensive smoking
cessation programs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
nicotine gum
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic obstructive lung disease
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
conference paper
education
human
oral drug administration
priority journal
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nicotine gum (96055-45-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Cancer (16)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1990040676
MEDLINE PMID
2404711 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2404711)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 962
TITLE
Teaching clinical pharmacology: Coordination with medical pharmacology
courses
AUTHOR NAMES
Lathers C.M.
Smith C.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lathers C.M.; Smith C.M.) Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of
Pennsylvania/EPPI, Philadelphia, PA
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Pennsylvania/EPPI,
Philadelphia, PA
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1989) 29:7 (581-597). Date of Publication:
1989
ISSN
0091-2700
BOOK PUBLISHER
SAGE Publications Inc., 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, United States.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
clinical pharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education
human
methodology
organization and management
review
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1989199859
MEDLINE PMID
2668349 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2668349)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 963
TITLE
Drug substitution and rational therapeutics. Old problems and new challenges
AUTHOR NAMES
Nelson E.B.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nelson E.B.) Hypertension Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College
of Medicine, Houston, TX
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Hypertension Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine,
Houston, TX
SOURCE
Postgraduate Medicine (1989) 86:1 (247-250). Date of Publication: 1989
ISSN
0032-5481
BOOK PUBLISHER
Medquest Communications LLC, 3800 Lakeside Avenue, Suite 201, Cleveland,
United States.
ABSTRACT
Drug substitution is a reality of current medical practice. Physicians need
to be aware of how it affects patients both medically and economically.
Continuing education in clinical pharmacology is essential. Although generic
substitution and formulary restriction are usually acceptable, therapeutic
substitution is not. The responsibility of instituting therapy by writing a
prescription must not be delegated to non-physicians. This could ultimately
lead to more problems with adverse drug reactions and poor clinical outcome.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
drug formulation
priority journal
substitution therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1989183518
MEDLINE PMID
2740274 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2740274)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 964
TITLE
Odorour urine in man after asparagus
AUTHOR NAMES
Richer C.
Decker N.
Belin J.
Imbs J.L.
Montastruc J.L.
Giudicelli J.F.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Richer C.; Decker N.; Belin J.; Imbs J.L.; Montastruc J.L.; Giudicelli
J.F.) Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hopital de Bicetre, 94275 Le
Kremlin-Bicetre Cedex
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hopital de Bicetre, 94275 Le
Kremlin-Bicetre Cedex
SOURCE
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1989) 27:5 (640-641). Date of
Publication: 1989
ISSN
0306-5251
BOOK PUBLISHER
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
ABSTRACT
It has been recognized for many years that after eating asparagus, some
humans produce odorous urine. One hundred and three French citizens (100
Caucasians, 2 Asians and 1 black) from three geographically distinct areas
(Paris, n=36; Strasbourg, n=29; Toulouse, n=38) voluntered for the study.
They were all members of the medical staffs of the Pharmacological
Departments or students in medicine or pharmacy of the three universities.
The subjects (age: 35.8 ± 1.1 years (18-61), weight: 63.8 ± 1.1 kg (42-93),
53 males, 66 non smokers) were not taking any drug, or asparagus or cabbage
during the 2 days prior to the study and were not allowed to smoke or to
drink coffee, tea or alcoholic beverages on the day of the experiment. After
they had voided urine at 09.00 h, asparagus (five sticks, approximately 60
g) was administered to the fasting volunteers together with 250 ml of water.
Urine was collected 1 and 3 h later and checked for the characteristic
odour. All volunteers (100%) were found to produce odorous urnies. Thus no
genetic polymorphism could be detected among the investigated French
population and especially among the 100 Caucasian subjects.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
asparagus
pharmacogenetics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
female
France
heredity
human
human experiment
male
normal human
odor
oral drug administration
priority journal
urine
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1989145143
MEDLINE PMID
2757887 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2757887)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 965
TITLE
Project outreach: Organizations unified to reach youth
AUTHOR NAMES
Dunnington B.C.
Hayes M.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dunnington B.C.; Hayes M.L.) University of Missouri-Kansas City School of
Pharmacy, Kansas City, MO 64110
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Pharmacy, Kansas City, MO 64110
SOURCE
Public Health Reports (1989) 104:1 (79-82). Date of Publication: 1989
ISSN
0033-3539
BOOK PUBLISHER
Association of Schools of Public Health, 1101 15th Street NW Suite 910,
Washington, United States.
ABSTRACT
Youths of today are forced to deal with the external pressures of alcohol
and drug abuse on all levels - from the older youngsters across the street
pressuring them to be 'cool', to the 'cute dog' enticing them with the
glamour of being the original 'party animal'. Through today's mass
communications, young people are exposed to negative, self-destructive
attitudes. It is important, therefore, to expose them to a more positive
influence and try to reach them through parental guidance, personal contact,
and peer pressure. To achieve this, the University of Missouri's Kansas City
Chapter of the American Pharmaceutical Association's Academy of Students of
Pharmacy, in conjunction with the Metropolitan Kansas City Area Task Force
on Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse, proposed the development of an annual drug
abuse prevention program that specifically targets fifth graders in the
greater Kansas City metropolitan area. A primary goal of Project Outreach
(Organizations Unified to Reach Youth) is to unite drug abuse prevention
programs in the greater Kansas City metropolitan area in their outreach
efforts to give positive support to Kansas City's youth against alcohol and
other drugs. Phase I of Project Outreach consisted of a series of programs
for the parents in the community. Phase II entailed college students who
spoke to fifth graders in their classrooms. These students also participated
in poster and poem contests centered around drug abuse prevention. In Phase
III, which featured and outstanding, motivated speaker, the sample group of
600 fifth graders in the area participated in a major event to give positive
peer pressure to say no to drugs. Pertinent entertainment also was provided,
and the governor of Missouri, John Ashcroft, attended the rally. In the
future, each fifth grader will receive a free T-shirt as a tangible reminder
of the main event. In Phase IV, to reinforce concepts presented in previous
programming, the college students returned to the fifth grade classrooms to
speak. Project Outreach programs are incorporated into existing drug abuse
prevention programs and provide the foundation for the development of new
drug abuse prevention programs in the greater Kansas City metropolitan area.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol consumption
cost
drug abuse
health education
high school student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
economic aspect
education
human
priority journal
school child
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1989087043
MEDLINE PMID
2493666 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2493666)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 966
TITLE
Pharmacist involvement in a chemical-dependency rehabilitation program.
AUTHOR NAMES
Haynes M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Haynes M.) CareUnit Hospital of Kirkland, WA 98034.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Haynes, CareUnit Hospital of Kirkland, WA 98034.
SOURCE
American journal of hospital pharmacy (1988) 45:10 (2099-2101). Date of
Publication: Oct 1988
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
Pharmacist involvement in a small hospital for the treatment and
rehabilitation of patients with chemical dependency is described. The
pharmacist's primary responsibilities include provision of pharmaceutical
services to meet the medical needs of patients during detoxification;
development of detoxification protocols for management of withdrawal from
drugs of abuse; education of patients and their families, other clinical
staff members, and pharmacy students about the pathophysiology of addiction,
treatment options, and the foundations of recovery; medication and addiction
counseling; and multidisciplinary team support of recovery. To successfully
fulfill this complex role, the pharmacist must have specialized education on
alcoholism and addiction, develop good communications skills, and learn the
dynamics of recovery support groups. The pharmacist employed at this
hospital spends about 70% of her time with pharmaceutical services and 30%
with counseling services. A pharmacist working in a chemical-dependency
rehabilitation program has a unique opportunity to affect positively the
physical and emotional health of the recovering individual by taking on
responsibilities beyond those traditionally associated with pharmacy
practice.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (rehabilitation)
hospital pharmacy
patient care
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
hospital bed capacity
human
patient education
pharmacy student
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
3228081 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3228081)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 967
TITLE
Establishing a rehabilitation program for impaired pharmacists.
AUTHOR NAMES
Sheffield J.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sheffield J.W.) Pharmacists Rehabilitation Program, Texas Pharmaceutical
Association, Austin 78761.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
J.W. Sheffield, Pharmacists Rehabilitation Program, Texas Pharmaceutical
Association, Austin 78761.
SOURCE
American journal of hospital pharmacy (1988) 45:10 (2092-2098). Date of
Publication: Oct 1988
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The Texas Pharmaceutical Association (TPA) rehabilitation program for
impaired pharmacists and pharmacy students is described. Since its inception
in 1983, the TPA Pharmacists Rehabilitation Program has provided assistance
to impaired pharmacists and pharmacy students, as well as their families,
friends, customers, and coworkers. The program uses a carefully developed
intervention process designed to assist impaired pharmacists and pharmacy
students in obtaining evaluation and treatment of their condition. After a
referral, an appointment is made for the impaired person at 1 of 15 regional
evaluation and referral centers across the state, where arrangements for
appropriate treatment are made. After treatment, the Committee on
Pharmacists Rehabilitation aids the pharmacist or student in reentering the
profession or returning to school. Intervenors are pharmacists registered in
the state of Texas who have participated in TPA's training sessions; TPA
also provides an intervenor's workbook. Amendments to the Texas Pharmacy Act
passed in 1983 and 1985 provide protection for intervenors who are working
with pharmacists and pharmacy students with impairment problems. Referrals
are made by means of a 24-hour, toll-free hotline funded by a pharmaceutical
manufacturing company. Other funding comes from individual donors, member
associations affiliated with TPA, chain drugstores, wholesalers, and the
Texas State Board of Pharmacy. A successful rehabilitation program for
impaired pharmacists and students must be carefully designed and
implemented, with attention paid to legal, financial, and
intervention-related issues associated with substance abuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction (rehabilitation)
drug control
licensing
malpractice
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
health care organization
legal aspect
patient referral
pharmacy student
psychological aspect
telephone
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
3228080 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3228080)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 968
TITLE
Problems in assessing rationality of drug utilization in less developed
countries
AUTHOR NAMES
Ali H.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ali H.M.) Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of
Khartoum, P.O. Box 1996, Khartoum
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum,
P.O. Box 1996, Khartoum
SOURCE
Acta Medica Scandinavica (1988) 223:SUPPL. 721 (27-30). Date of Publication:
1988
ISSN
0001-6101
ABSTRACT
Less developed countries are facing various difficulties in assessing
rationality of drug utilization. The problems are essentially related to
four major areas; (a) Policies, administration and management, (b) Practice
and services, (c) Education and training, (d) Monitoring and research. Drug
policies have often failed to recognise the importance of identifying the
levels of rationality of the various components of drug utilization.
Consequently, neither the need nor the mechanisms to assess rationality were
considered. Drug utilization data and records have been poorly developed and
maintained, e.g. mal-managed, inaccurate, and without continuity with regard
to collection, monitoring and evaluation. Provision and supply of drugs were
handled by an unnecessary multiplicity of departments and state offices,
none of which keeping complete records and/or information in relation to
needs of drugs nor other health care requirements. Deficiencies and
shortcomings associated with medical/pharmaceutical practice, services,
education and training have as well contributed significantly to the failure
of the less developed countries to assess and promote rationality of drug
utilization.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
epidemiology
human
priority journal
short survey
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Internal Medicine (6)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1988086146
MEDLINE PMID
3162632 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3162632)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 969
TITLE
The prediction of drug use among college students from MMPI, MCMI, and
sensation seeking scales
AUTHOR NAMES
Jaffe L.T.
Archer R.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jaffe L.T.; Archer R.P.) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
Eastern Virgina Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23501
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Eastern Virgina Medical
School, Norfolk, VA 23501
SOURCE
Journal of Personality Assessment (1987) 51:2 (243-253). Date of
Publication: 1987
ISSN
0022-3891
ABSTRACT
This study examines the ability of five self-report assessment measures to
predict college students' drug use across 12 pharmacological drug
categories. Subjects were 125 female and 61 male university undergraduate
students. The test battery included the following instruments: (a) the
Psychopathic Deviancy (Pd) scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory (MMPI); (b) the MacAndrew Alcoholism scale (MAC), a special scale
of the MMPI; (c) the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS); (d) the Millon Alcohol
Abuse Scale; and (e) the Millon Drug Abuse Scale. Scores from these
instruments were utilized in linear combinations to predict individual drug
use outcomes as well as polydrug versus single drug use patterns. The drug
categories included in this investigation are coffee, tobacco, alcohol,
marijuana, tranquilizers, depressants, amphetamines, LSD, other
hallucinogens, solvents, narcotics, and cocaine. Results demonstrate
significant and meaningful relationships between predictors and drug use
levels among college students. Weighted equations derived from linear
discriminant function analyses were generally capable of accurately
classifying subject's drug use levels across drug categories and in
discriminating single drug use from polydrug use patterns. Typically, the
Sensation Seeking Scale entered as the most powerful predictor of substance
use and abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
amphetamine
lysergide
tranquilizer
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
tobacco
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
article
central nervous system
clinical article
evaluation and follow up
human
intoxication
prediction
self report
student
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
lysergide (50-37-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987193708
MEDLINE PMID
3598842 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3598842)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 970
TITLE
Therapy consultation
AUTHOR NAMES
Buonpane E.A.
Brown R.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Buonpane E.A.; Brown R.O.) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of
Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of
Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163
SOURCE
Clinical Pharmacy (1987) 6:7 (520-521). Date of Publication: 1987
ISSN
0278-2677
ABSTRACT
The Therapy Consultation section provides brief advice, in
question-and-answer format, on how to handle specific drug-therapy problems.
Readers are invited to submit questions, which will be referred to a
consultant for an answer. The problems should not be highly specialized or
unusual, nor should they be mundane. Questions are answered briefly, based
largely on the judgment and personal experience of the consultant, although
selected references may be cited to substantiate the consultant's advice.
Assistance in identifying Therapy Consultation topics is provided by the
drug information centers at the following institutions; Albert B. Chandler
Medical Center and College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington;
Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson; Medical College of Virginia
Hospitals, Richmond; University of California Medical Center, San Diego; and
University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
consultation
drug information
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
priority journal
short survey
theoretical study
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987181564
MEDLINE PMID
3691003 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3691003)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 971
TITLE
Drug-related admissions to a family medicine inpatient service
AUTHOR NAMES
Ives T.J.
Bentz E.J.
Gwyther R.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ives T.J.; Bentz E.J.; Gwyther R.E.) Department of Family Medicine, School
of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
SOURCE
Archives of Internal Medicine (1987) 147:6 (1117-1120). Date of Publication:
1987
ISSN
0003-9926
ABSTRACT
Admissions to a family medicine inpatient service were monitored
retrospectively over a one-year period to determine the incidence of
drug-related hospitalizations. Of the 293 admissions, 45 (15.4%) were
identified as drug related; in 29 admissions (9.9%), a drug-related problem
was identified as the primary cause of hospitalization. The two patient
characteristics associated with a drug-related admission (DRA) were marital
status (divorced) and age (older patients). The two most common types of
DRAs were adverse drug reactions (17/45, 37.8%) and drug abuse (14/45,
31.1%), with alcohol being the most commonly abused agent. Adverse drug
reactions were most commonly implicated in DRAs for patients over 70 years
old, with drug abuse more evenly distributed among age groups. Educational
programs that incorporate pharmacoepidemiologic strategies into all health
care disciplines are necessary to address this public health issue.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug abuse
drug therapy
family medicine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
human
major clinical study
priority journal
therapy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Internal Medicine (6)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987180777
MEDLINE PMID
3592877 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3592877)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.147.6.1117
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 972
TITLE
Current concepts in clinical therapeutics: Anxiety disorders, part 2
AUTHOR NAMES
Dommisse C.S.
Hayes P.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Dommisse C.S.; Hayes P.E.) Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
Ridgefield, CT
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT
SOURCE
Clinical Pharmacy (1987) 6:3 (196-215). Date of Publication: 1987
ISSN
0278-2677
ABSTRACT
The treatment of generalized anxiety disorder involves both nonpharmacologic
and pharmacologic therapies. The combination may be better than either
treatment alone. Not all anxious patients satisfy the revised DSM-III
criteria for an anxiety disorder, and many patients seek temporary relief
from occasiona. anxious symptoms secondary to a medical illness or
environmental stressors (situational anxiety). Because individual
psychotherapy is not always available and is expensive, many of these
patients are given and will do well on as-needed anxiolytic drug therapy,
preferably a benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines are the mostly widely
prescribed anxiolytic agents and are currently the drugs of choice for the
treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. They have a rapid onset of
action, are quite effective, have a relatively high margin of safety, and
are not usually lethal when taken alone in an overdose. Potential problems
with using these agents include decreased daytime functioning and sedation
(especially in the elderly), forgetfulness, and withdrawal symptoms
following prolonged use. Patient education is an important aspect of
effective drug management. Although β blockers have been used in the
management of anxious patients since the 1960s, the role of these agents
appears limited to those anxious patients whose physical symptoms,
especially cardiovascular complaints, have not adequately responded to
benzodiazepine therapy. Buspirone is the latest anxiolytic agent to be
marketed and is the first nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic introduced in the
United States in several years. Buspirone appears to be a useful alternative
or possibly a first-line agent for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients
with generalized anxiety disorder. Buspirone is possibly less sedating,
causes less psychomotor impairment when taken in conjunction with alcohol,
and has a lower potential for abuse than the benzodiazepines. Buspirone is
not a controlled substance. Potential problems include a lat time of 7-10
days before anxiolytic effects are evident. Patients currently receiving
benzodiazepines should be carefully titrated off the current drug before
buspirone therapy is begun. Buspirone is not indicated for use on an
as-needed basis for control of anxious symptoms. Certainly there are a host
of unanswered questions surrounding the clinical use of buspirone. Two
important questions that can only be answered several years after marketing
are: How effective is this drug, and are any dopaminergic
(antipsychotic-like) side effects associated with its long-term use? Since
this anxiolytic agent is not a benzodiazepine, patients and physicians will
need to be educated about its proper use. Pharmacists should play a key role
in educating the public regarding the proper use of this new drug.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alprazolam
amitriptyline
antidepressant agent
benzodiazepine
benzodiazepine derivative
buspirone
chlordiazepoxide
clomipramine
clonazepam
clonidine
clorazepate
clorgyline
desipramine
diazepam
diphenhydramine
flurazepam
halazepam
hydroxyzine
imipramine
lorazepam
meprobamate
monoamine oxidase inhibitor
nortriptyline
oxazepam
phenelzine
prazepam
propranolol
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
alcohol
antacid agent
carbamazepine
cimetidine
clorazepate dipotassium
digoxin
disulfiram
DT0
haloperidol
isoniazid
oral contraceptive agent
rifampicin
trazodone
unclassified drug
viltaril
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
4 aminobutyric acid brain level
adverse drug reaction
agoraphobia
anxiety
behavior therapy
drug efficacy
drug indication
panic
pharmacokinetics
psychotherapy
sedation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
human
priority journal
psychological aspect
review
therapy
DRUG TRADE NAMES
anafranil
atarax
ativan
benadryl
buspar
catapres
centrax
equanil
inderal
klonopin
librium
miltown
nardil
paxipam
serax
tofranil
tranxene
valium
valrelease
viltaril
xanax
DRUG MANUFACTURERS
Abbott
Ayerst
Boehringer Ingelheim
Bristol
Hoffmann La Roche
Mead Johnson
Parke Davis
Pfizer
Roerig
Schering
Upjohn
Wallace
Wyeth
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
alprazolam (28981-97-7)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
benzodiazepine (12794-10-4)
buspirone (33386-08-2, 36505-84-7)
carbamazepine (298-46-4, 8047-84-5)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
cimetidine (51481-61-9, 70059-30-2)
clomipramine (17321-77-6, 303-49-1)
clonazepam (1622-61-3)
clonidine (4205-90-7, 4205-91-8, 57066-25-8)
clorazepate (20432-69-3, 23887-31-2)
clorazepate dipotassium (57109-90-7)
clorgyline (17780-72-2)
desipramine (50-47-5, 58-28-6)
diazepam (439-14-5)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
disulfiram (97-77-8)
flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1)
halazepam (23092-17-3)
haloperidol (52-86-8)
hydroxyzine (2192-20-3, 64095-02-9, 68-88-2)
imipramine (113-52-0, 50-49-7)
isoniazid (54-85-3, 62229-51-0, 65979-32-0)
lorazepam (846-49-1)
meprobamate (57-53-4)
nortriptyline (72-69-5, 894-71-3)
oxazepam (604-75-1)
phenelzine (156-51-4, 51-71-8)
prazepam (2955-38-6)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
rifampicin (13292-46-1)
trazodone (19794-93-5, 25332-39-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Adverse Reactions Titles (38)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987114727
MEDLINE PMID
2889558 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2889558)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 973
TITLE
Use and abuse of controlled substances by pharmacists and pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
McAuliffe W.E.
Santangelo S.L.
Gingras J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McAuliffe W.E.; Santangelo S.L.; Gingras J.) Department of Psychiatry,
Harvard Medical School, The Cambridge Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02139
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, The Cambridge Hospital,
Cambridge, MA 02139
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1987) 44:2 (311-317). Date of
Publication: 1987
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The use of controlled substances by samples of pharmacists and pharmacy
student in one New England state was surveyed. A questionnaire was sent in
November 1984 to a sample of 510 pharmacists randomly selected from the
membership list of the state's pharmaceutical association and to a sample of
470 students from the state's pharamcy schools; 76% and 67% of the eligible
pharmacists and students reponded, respectively. The questionnaire elicited
information about the respondents' use of controlled substances for
self-treatment and recreation, as well as the the instrumental use of
stimulants to enhance performance. Almost half of the pharmacists (46%) and
two thirds of the students (62%) reported using a controlled substance at
some time without a prescription; 19% and 41%, respectively, used one within
the past year. Whereas students used the drugs most often for recreation
(57% ever, 36% currently), use by pharmacists was more equally divided among
self-treatment (29% ever, 13% currently), recreation (29% ever, 9%
currently), and instrumental purposes (21% ever). The drugs most often used
were marijuana, stimulants (especially cocaine by students), tranquilizers,
and opiates. Drug use was generally limited in amount, but 18% of the
pharmacists and 35% of the students who ever used a drug either became
dependent or were at risk of drug abuse. Current drug use was most strongly
associated with age, non-attendance at religious services, student access,
year in school, and citizenship. The findings of this study suggest the need
for continued development of impaired pharmacist committees and drug abuse
prevention programs for pharmacists and pharmacy students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
diagnosis
drug abuse
epidemiology
human
human experiment
intoxication
prevention
priority journal
questionnaire
social aspect
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987084277
MEDLINE PMID
2882673 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2882673)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 974
TITLE
Evaluation of mobile decentralized pharmaceutical services in a community
teaching hospital
AUTHOR NAMES
Cummins B.A.
Kvancz D.A.
Bennett D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Cummins B.A.; Kvancz D.A.; Bennett D.L.) Department of Pharmacy Service,
Mount Carmel Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43222
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Pharmacy Service, Mount Carmel Medical Center, Columbus, OH
43222
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1987) 44:2 (324-332). Date of
Publication: 1987
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
Mobile decentralized pharmaceutical services were compared with the previous
centralized unit dose drug distribution services in a community teaching
hospital. Medication order turnaround time, pharmacist workload activities,
number of drug information requests, dose-activity index, and quality of
drug distribution and drug administration record keeping were compared under
the two systems. The number of drug therapy problems identified and resolved
by decentralized pharmacists also was determined. Medication order
turnaround time decreased from a mean of 198 minutes to 64 minutes in the
centralized and decentralized systems, respectively. The number of drug
information requests increased from 0.0055 to 0.05 requests per patient day.
The percentage of requests related to adverse drug reactions, drug
interactions, therapeutics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology increased in
the decentralized system. The dose-activity index was 63.5% and 56.9% for
centralized and decentralized systems, respectivey, with the mean number of
doses handled per patient day at 14.4 and 10.7. Decentralized pharmacists
spent substantially more time than centralized pharmacists performing
educational, therapy-related, and dispensing activities and less time
performing clerical and verification activities. Decentralized pharmacists
detected a large number of drug therapy problems that probably would have
gone undetected in the previous system. The decentralized system met 31 of
the 32 quality assurance standards, compared with 20 standards met for the
centralized system. The implementation of mobile decentralized services
provided greater opportunities for use of the pharmacists' clinical skills
and reduced the time allocated to traditional functions.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
community hospital
drug distribution
drug information
health care delivery
hospital
teaching hospital
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
economic aspect
education
nonhuman
priority journal
short survey
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1987084279
MEDLINE PMID
3565391 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3565391)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 975
TITLE
Psychoactive drug use among practicing physicians and medical students
AUTHOR NAMES
McAuliffe W.E.
Rohman M.
Santangelo S.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McAuliffe W.E.; Rohman M.; Santangelo S.) Department of Behavioral
Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston,
MA 02115
SOURCE
New England Journal of Medicine (1986) 315:13 (805-810). Date of
Publication: 1986
ISSN
0028-4793
ABSTRACT
We surveyed random samples of 500 practicing physicians and 504 medical
students in a New England state during 1984-1985; 70 percent of the
physicians and 79 percent of the students responded. Fifty-nine percent of
the physicians and 78 percent of the students reported that they had used
psychoactive drugs at some time in their lives. In both groups, recreational
use most often involved marijuana and cocaine, and self-treatment most often
involved tranquilizers and opiates. In the previous year, 25 percent of the
physicians had treated themselves with a psychoactive drug, and 10 percent
had used one reactionally. Although most of the use was experimental or
infrequent, 10 percent of the physicians reported current regular drug use
(once a month or more often) and 3 percent had histories of drug dependence.
More physicians and medical students had used psychoactive drugs at some
time than had comparable samples of pharmacists and pharmacy students. The
results suggest a need for renewed professional education about the risks of
drug misuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine
barbituric acid derivative
cannabis
cocaine
codeine
dextropropoxyphene
diamorphine
fentanyl
glutethimide
methaqualone
methylphenidate
morphine
oxycodone
pentazocine
pethidine
phenmetrazine
psychotropic agent
tranquilizer
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
acetylsalicylic acid plus oxycodone plus oxycodone terephthalate
opiate
oxycodone plus paracetamol
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
drug dependence
drug misuse
drug use
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
clinical article
epidemiology
geographic distribution
human
intranasal drug administration
intravenous drug administration
medical student
methodology
oral drug administration
physician
priority journal
United States
DRUG TRADE NAMES
darvon
demerol
doriden
percocet
percodan
preludin
quaalude
ritalin
talwin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
fentanyl (437-38-7)
glutethimide (77-21-4)
methaqualone (340-56-7, 72-44-6, 8056-67-5)
methylphenidate (113-45-1, 298-59-9)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3)
percodan (64336-56-7)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
phenmetrazine (134-49-6, 1707-14-8, 57919-12-7)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Psychiatry (32)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1986228405
MEDLINE PMID
3748091 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3748091)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 976
TITLE
Problem-oriented drug monographs developed for physicians in Northern
Ireland
AUTHOR NAMES
Morrow N.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Morrow N.C.) The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre,
Belfast, BT9 7BL
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, Belfast, BT9 7BL
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1986) 43:2 (360-367). Date of
Publication: 1986
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
Monographs prepared by a drug information pharmacist at a government
hospital in Northern Ireland were evaluated by hospital and community
physicians. The monographs related drug information to both the primary
medical problem (e.g., angina) and secondary problems of individual patients
(e.g., renal or hepatic dysfunction). The pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic properties of various agents in a drug group were compared.
The initial monograph about β blockers was evaluated by 13 pharmacists in
government hospitals. The monograph was then revised and two additional
monographs were written on the use of benzodiazepines in anxiety and
insomnia and the use of organic nitrates in cardiovascular disease. The
three monographs were distributed to 122 hospital physicians and 67
community physicians for evaluation of the information and the manner in
which it was presented. Questionnaires were returned by 46% of the hospital
physicians and 39% of the community physicians. Almost 50% of the responding
prescribers said the monographs gave them new information. The lack of cost
information in the monographs was cited as a problem by 25% of respondents.
The most frequently suggested topics for additional monographs were
antibiotics, analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents,
bronchodilators, and antidepressants. Physicians considered the monographs a
useful source of education about selection of appropriate drug therapy.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
benzodiazepine derivative
beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
nitrate
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cost
drug information
education
hospital
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
economic aspect
nonhuman
organization and management
pharmacokinetics
priority journal
short survey
United Kingdom
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
nitrate (14797-55-8)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1986076482
MEDLINE PMID
2869687 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2869687)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 977
TITLE
Skills of medical students and house officers in prescribing narcotic
medications
AUTHOR NAMES
Grossman S.A.
Sheidler V.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Grossman S.A.; Sheidler V.R.) Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD
SOURCE
Journal of Medical Education (1985) 60:7 (552-557). Date of Publication:
1985
ISSN
0022-2577
ABSTRACT
Eighty-eight medical students and house officers were given patient
management questions to assess their ability to convert from one narcotic
regimen to an approximately equal analgesic dose of a second regimen. Only
8% of their answers were within the correct range, even though commonly used
reference material was supplied to assist them in answering the questions.
There were no significant differences in the responses of house officers
from different medical specialities or among all the individuals at
different educational levels. Correct answers to the patient management
questions markedly increased after instruction on the use of a narcotic
equivalency table. More emphasis on the importance of adequate pain control,
better teaching of the pharmacology of narcotic analgesic drugs, and
additional instruction on the use of narcotic equivalency tables are needed
in medical school and house staff training programs.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hydromorphone
morphine
narcotic agent
oxycodone
paracetamol
pethidine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alternative medicine
drug abuse
house officer
medical student
prescription
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
normal human
pain
priority journal
theoretical study
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
hydromorphone (466-99-9, 71-68-1)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
oxycodone (124-90-3, 76-42-6)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985232717
MEDLINE PMID
4009670 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4009670)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 978
TITLE
The underemphasis on smoking in medical education
AUTHOR NAMES
Ginzel K.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Ginzel K.H.) Department of Pharmacology and Interdisciplinary Toxicology,
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72201
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Pharmacology and Interdisciplinary Toxicology, University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72201
SOURCE
New York State Journal of Medicine (1985) 85:7 (299-301). Date of
Publication: 1985
ISSN
0028-7628
ABSTRACT
Wynder has expressed concern about 'the general apathy of the medical and
scientific professions toward tobacco related issues', a sentiment echoed by
others. Since cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of disease,
disability, and death, this apathy is a serious matter. What is its origin?
Is the exposure of the student in the health professions to the tobacco
issue inadequate? How does it compare to the coverage of alcohol-related
problems and drug abuse? The unfortunate exemption of tobacco from the Food
and Drug Act of 1906 and its subsequent revisions and extensions detracts
from the fact that tobacco is not less dependence-producing than other
addictive drugs. The same is true for alcohol. As a preliminary probe, the
following analysis focuses on a regular constituent of every medical school
curriculum - the pharmacology course - which deals exclusively with drugs
and traditionally covers the topic of substance abuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
medical education
smoking
textbook
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
education
human
intoxication
priority journal
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Toxicology (52)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1986004181
MEDLINE PMID
3862986 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3862986)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 979
TITLE
Quitting smoking
AUTHOR NAMES
Tunstall C.D.
Ginsberg D.
Hall S.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tunstall C.D.; Ginsberg D.; Hall S.M.) Center for Social and Behavioral
Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Center for Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San
Francisco, CA 94143
SOURCE
International Journal of the Addictions (1985) 20:6-7 (1089-1112). Date of
Publication: 1985
ISSN
0020-773X
ABSTRACT
Four factors which influence smoking treatment outcome are identified:
environmental variables, client characteristics, process variables, and
specific treatment approaches. Important environmental factors are stress
and social support. Of client characteristics, sex is the best predictor of
treatment success. Men are more likely to quit and maintain abstinence than
women. However, the majority of women alter their smoking habits during
pregnancy. Low-income persons and ethnic minorities are underrepresented
among subjects in treatment studies and have larger percentages of smokers
in the population at large. Extraverted smokers are more likely to begin to
smoke and have difficulty quitting. Also, the more anxious, poorly adjusted
smoker has more trouble quitting than the less troubled smoker. The higher
the client's sense of self-efficacy, the better the chance of that person
entering treatment and doing well. Furthermore, smokers who take in lower
levels of nicotine are more successful at quitting. Many process questions
are suggested. Few have been approached empirically. The effectiveness of
ex-smokers as therapists in smoking cessation programs has not been
systematically investigated, even though the smoking history of therapists
is a question frequently asked by clients. We suggest that the skill and
empathy of group leaders is more important than smoking history. Smoking
therapists should be aware of nonspecific treatment factors such as positive
expectations, social reinforcement, and self-disclosure which may have a
powerful influence on the efficacy of smoking treatment. Specific treatment
approaches were classified into three categories: low-contact approaches,
including educational, self-help, and minimal treatment approaches;
psychological treatments; and pharmacological treatment. Education,
self-help, and minimal treatment approaches are thought to be accretively
effective when the large size of the audience is considered. Also,
innovative treatments which address the influence of social support systems
and physiological addiction are promising treatments for individuals
requiring a structured or intensive method of quitting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
forecasting
smoking
smoking cessation
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
character
human
human experiment
psychological aspect
review
sex difference
social aspect
social structure
survey
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1986083401
MEDLINE PMID
3908337 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3908337)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 980
TITLE
Epirubicin plasma and blood pharmacokinetics after single i.v. bolus in
advanced cancer patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Camaggi C.M.
Strocchi E.
Martoni A.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Camaggi C.M.; Strocchi E.; Martoni A.) Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna
SOURCE
Drugs under Experimental and Clinical Research (1985) 11:4 (285-294). Date
of Publication: 1985
ISSN
0378-6501
ABSTRACT
Plasma and whole blood pharmacokinetics of epirubicin (4'-epidoxorubicin,
epiDX), a new doxorubicin (DX) analogue with an improved spectrum of
activity and lower toxicity, were investigated in advanced cancer patients
after i.v. bolus administration. Drug decay is triphasic, with a long
terminal half-life. Plasma and blood levels of the C-13 reduced epiDX
metabolite, epirubicinol (epiDXol), are lower than those of the parent
compound. Glucuronides of epiDX and epiDXol are also present in plasma, bile
and urine; similar compounds are not described in the literature among the
metabolites of DX. EpiDX plasma clearance is consistently higher and mean
residence time lower than the corresponding DX parameters, thus indicating a
more efficient disposition of the new drug. This behaviour is also reflected
in a faster elimination of epiDXol with respect to the corresponding Dx
metabolite, doxorubicinol. After an initial induction period, epiDX
concentration is higher in whole blood than in plasma. Blood clearance is
lower than plasma clearance; volume of distribution at steady state Vss is
lower if blood concentration data are used in the pharmacokinetic analysis.
Mean Residence Time is similar in plasma and blood. A statistically
significant reduction of clearance parameters is observed in patients with
liver metastases, even in the absence of altered bilirubin levels. Drug
clearance problems induced by renal dysfunction become relevant only in
severe renal failure.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
doxorubicin
epirubicin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
drug metabolite
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
cancer chemotherapy
drug clearance
drug therapy
neoplasm
pharmacokinetics
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
clinical article
drug blood level
human
intravenous drug administration
male genital system
priority journal
therapy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
doxorubicin (23214-92-8, 25316-40-9)
epirubicin (56390-09-1, 56420-45-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Cancer (16)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985192900
MEDLINE PMID
3869807 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3869807)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 981
TITLE
Impairment risk in North Carolina pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
Normark J.W.
Eckel F.M.
Pfifferling J.H.
Cocolas G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Normark J.W.; Eckel F.M.; Pfifferling J.H.; Cocolas G.)
SOURCE
American Pharmacy (1985) 25:6 (60-62). Date of Publication: 1985
ISSN
0160-3450
ABSTRACT
When the North Carolina Task Force on Impaired Pharmacists was formed in
1983, its principal charge was to get an estimate of impaired pharmacists in
the state, and then to recommend solutions if the impaired population was
sufficiently large. But because the students attending the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Pharmacy (UNC) represent the future
pharmacists of the state, they were a logical group to include in this
overall effort. The authors surveyed UNC pharmacy students in their third,
fourth, and fifth years of study to examine the extent of impairment risk
among students, assess their sense of the problem within the school, and
evaluate their feelings about the need for a program to aid impaired
students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
alcoholism
disability
drug abuse
law
legal liability
pharmacist
stress
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
legal aspect
priority journal
psychological aspect
social aspect
therapy
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985183314
MEDLINE PMID
4025143 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4025143)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 982
TITLE
Impairment risk in North Carolina pharmacists
AUTHOR NAMES
Normark J.W.
Eckel F.M.
Pfifferling J.H.
Cocolas G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Normark J.W.; Eckel F.M.; Pfifferling J.H.; Cocolas G.) University of North
Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27514
SOURCE
American Pharmacy (1985) 25:6 (45-48). Date of Publication: 1985
ISSN
0160-3450
ABSTRACT
The tissue of pharmacist 'impairment' resulting from drug or alcohol abuse,
emotional or education problems, or other causes is receiving considerable
attention from pharmacy organizations. The American Pharmaceutical
Association (APhA) and the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists (ASHP)
have issued policy statements addressing impairment and distress. The APhA
House of Delegates passed a resolution supporting the establishment of
counseling, treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention programs for
pharmacists and students at the 1982 Annual Meeting. The ASHP House of
Delegates adopted a statement encouraging the compilation and dissemination
of information about prevention and treatment programs that pharmacists can
contact for assistance in confronting impairment. A number of state pharmacy
associations, most notably Texas and Georgia, have programs that offer
impaired pharmacists options for treatment and rehabilitation, and also
serve as a triage system for pharmacists. Other states, including North
Carolina, are in the process of evaluating the need for programs concerned
with impairment.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
alcoholism
disability
drug abuse
law
legal liability
pharmacist
stress
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
legal aspect
organization and management
priority journal
psychological aspect
social aspect
therapy
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985183309
MEDLINE PMID
4025137 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4025137)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 983
TITLE
The Virginia Program to help impaired pharmacy students
AUTHOR NAMES
White C.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(White C.E.) Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Medical
College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Medical College of
Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298
SOURCE
American Pharmacy (1985) 25:6 (57-59). Date of Publication: 1985
ISSN
0160-3450
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
alcoholism
drug abuse
law
medical liability
pharmacist
stress
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
legal aspect
priority journal
psychological aspect
social aspect
therapy
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985183313
MEDLINE PMID
4025141 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4025141)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 984
TITLE
Aiding impaired pharmacists: What's being done today?
AUTHOR NAMES
Nickel R.O.
Briske K.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Nickel R.O.; Briske K.) School of Pharmacy, Ferris State College, Big
Rapids, MI 49307
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
School of Pharmacy, Ferris State College, Big Rapids, MI 49307
SOURCE
American Pharmacy (1985) 25:6 (40-44). Date of Publication: 1985
ISSN
0160-3450
ABSTRACT
The APhA House of Delegates, at the 1982 Annual Meeting, adopted a two-part
policy statement on impaired pharmacists. The first part recommended that
pharmacists not practice while impaired. The second recommended 'the
establishment of progams providing counseling, treatment, prevention, and
rehabilitation to pharmacists and pharmacy students.' In 1985, therefore,
the question is: How well have these 1982 recommendations been carried out?
This question stimulated the survey research project whose results are
presented in this article.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
alcoholism
disability
drug abuse
law
legal liability
pharmacist
stress
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
legal aspect
organization and management
priority journal
psychological aspect
social aspect
therapy
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1985183308
MEDLINE PMID
4025136 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4025136)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 985
TITLE
Survey of physician acceptance of the pneumococcal vaccine
AUTHOR NAMES
Berk S.L.
Verghese A.
Berk M.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Berk S.L.; Verghese A.; Berk M.L.) Department of Medicine, East Tennessee
State University, Quillen-Dishner College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Quillen-Dishner
College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN
SOURCE
Southern Medical Journal (1984) 77:4 (450-454). Date of Publication: 1984
ISSN
0038-4348
ABSTRACT
A group of 251 randomly selected physicians completed a survey designed to
study their attitudes toward, knowledge about, and use of pneumococcal
vaccine. Eighty-five percent of respondents believed the vaccine had been
proven effective. For the use of the vaccine, respondents supported broad
indications, including chronic lung disease, alcoholism, and congestive
heart failure. Some respondents expressed concern about the safety of the
vaccine. Physicians who learned about the vaccine from continuing education
programs, colleagues, and pharmaceutical representatives were likely to use
the vaccine more often than those who did not.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
Pneumococcus vaccine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
chronic respiratory tract disease
congestive cardiomyopathy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
human
prevention
respiratory system
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Microbiology: Bacteriology, Mycology, Parasitology and Virology (4)
Chest Diseases, Thoracic Surgery and Tuberculosis (15)
Cardiovascular Diseases and Cardiovascular Surgery (18)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1984119884
MEDLINE PMID
6710200 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6710200)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 986
TITLE
Comparative evaluation of medical vs. social treatment of alcohol withdrawal
syndrome
AUTHOR NAMES
McGovern M.P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(McGovern M.P.) Clinical Division, Department of Psychology, Temple
University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Clinical Division, Department of Psychology, Temple University,
Philadelphia, PA 19122
SOURCE
Journal of Clinical Psychology (1983) 39:5 (791-803). Date of Publication:
1983
ISSN
0021-9762
ABSTRACT
Compared medical and social setting detoxification treatments of alcohol
withdrawal syndrome on the degree to which each involved alcoholics in
ongoing rehabilitative efforts. Two hundred patients were selected randomly
from both treatments and administered the Physical Problem Inventory, Short
Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, Assessment of Life Experience, and Level
of Motivation scales. Analysis of covariance with multiple covariates was
employed to assess the effect of the treatment model on willingness to
continue rehabilitation as measured by the dependent variable, ongoing
referral status. The difference between detoxification treatment models was
highly significant, and none of the covariates, which controlled for pretest
differences and the assignment process, was significant. Results are
discussed in the context of current notions of pharmacotherapy, learning,
and physiological models of withdrawal treatment. In addition, expectancies,
in terms of perceived responsibility for outcome, are discussed as important
factors that contribute to the discrepancy between medical vs. social models
in the treatment of alcoholism.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
detoxification
withdrawal syndrome
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
human
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1984101793
MEDLINE PMID
6630559 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6630559)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 987
TITLE
Pharmacologic basis for developing rational drug regimens for elderly
patients
AUTHOR NAMES
Bursztyn Goldberg P.
Roberts J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Bursztyn Goldberg P.; Roberts J.) Dep. Pharmacol., Med. Coll. Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, PA 19129
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dep. Pharmacol., Med. Coll. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19129
SOURCE
Medical Clinics of North America (1983) 67:2 (315-331). Date of Publication:
1983
ISSN
0025-7125
ABSTRACT
Changes in responsiveness with age have been observed for autonomic drugs
(agonists as well as antagonists, analgesics, anticonvulsants,
bronchodilators, hypoglycemics, corticosteroids, and virtually every other
group of drugs). This review is not meant to present an exhaustive treatment
of the area, but rather to focus attention on the factors that contribute to
alterations in sensitivity. As a secondary aim, the review serves to focus
attention on the problem of adverse drug reactions, particularly those
related to the practice of polypharmacy, which compounds the problem through
drug interactions. As indicated in the introduction, adverse drug reactions
(undesired or unwanted effects of drugs) occur more frequently in the older
patient than in the young one. In the elderly, this relates to increased use
of drugs, polypharmacy, diminution in the function of organs which play a
role in drug distribution and elimination, and poor patient compliance.
Drugs which most often result in adverse reactions in the elderly have been
listed. It is of significance that this list includes many drugs that are
obtainable over the counter without prescription, such as aspirin and
antacids. Because of the widespread practice of polypharmacy in the elderly,
there is an increased potential for drug interactions. Examples of drugs and
the mechanisms whereby interactions occur, which are of particular
significance in geriatric therapeutics, are provided. Since monographs
summarizing drug interactions have been available for a number of years, it
is somewhat surprising that the magnitude of the problem is still so great.
It appears clear that the more we understand about the basic changes that
occur in the physiology, biochemistry, and structure of an organism as it
ages, and the more we learn about basic pharmacologic principles, the better
we can combine the knowledge toward the development of rational therapeutic
drug regimens for the geriatric patient. A summary of the major principles
in prescribing drugs for the elderly is provided.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acetazolamide
amobarbital
carbenoxolone
carisoprodol
chlordiazepoxide
chlorpromazine
chlortalidone
diazepam
digitalis
digoxin
flurazepam
heparin
lidocaine
meprobamate
morphine
pethidine
phenobarbital
phenylbutazone
propranolol
quinidine
strychnine
sulfadiazine
tetracycline
tolbutamide
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
aged
bioavailability
drug elimination
drug half life
drug therapy
heart failure
pharmacokinetics
pharmacology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
cardiovascular system
central nervous system
heart
human
short survey
therapy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetazolamide (1424-27-7, 59-66-5)
amobarbital (57-43-2, 64-43-7)
carbenoxolone (5697-56-3, 7421-40-1)
carisoprodol (78-44-4)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
chlortalidone (77-36-1)
diazepam (439-14-5)
digitalis (8031-42-3, 8053-83-6)
digoxin (20830-75-5, 57285-89-9)
flurazepam (1172-18-5, 17617-23-1)
heparin (37187-54-5, 8057-48-5, 8065-01-8, 9005-48-5)
lidocaine (137-58-6, 24847-67-4, 56934-02-2, 73-78-9)
meprobamate (57-53-4)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
pethidine (28097-96-3, 50-13-5, 57-42-1)
phenobarbital (50-06-6, 57-30-7, 8028-68-0)
phenylbutazone (129-18-0, 50-33-9, 8054-70-4)
propranolol (13013-17-7, 318-98-9, 3506-09-0, 4199-09-1, 525-66-6)
quinidine (56-54-2)
strychnine (1421-86-9, 57-24-9)
sulfadiazine (547-32-0, 68-35-9)
tetracycline (23843-90-5, 60-54-8, 64-75-5)
tolbutamide (473-41-6, 64-77-7)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Internal Medicine (6)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1983128954
MEDLINE PMID
6338318 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6338318)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 988
TITLE
Clinical pharmacy in the 1980s
AUTHOR NAMES
Smith W.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Smith W.E.)
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1983) 40:2 (223-229). Date of
Publication: 1983
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The advances of clinical pharmacy services over the past 20 years are
reviewed, and measures to ensure that clinical pharmacy services are
provided to all hospital patients who need them in the 1980s are outlined.
Over the past 20 years, hospital pharmacists demonstrated that clinical
pharmacy programs are cost effective and will improve the quality of patient
care in hospitals by reducing drug-related problems. Other health
professionals will support clinical pharmacy programs. Experience has shown
that well-educated and committed pharmacists, as well as competent managers,
are needed for a successful program. Implementation and expansion of
clinical pharmacy services in the 1980s will be challenged by governmental
cost controls, new technology, new drugs, and a physician surplus. The
expansion of clinical pharmacy services to all hospital patients who need
them in this era of price competition is a goal that presents challenges and
opportunities for pharmacists. To meet this goal, each hospital pharmacy
society should develop a strategic plan committed to the implementation of
clinical services for patients within its specific geographical area. Before
implementing additional services, each hospital should define the services
to be provided, as well as the expected benefits for patients, physicians,
and nurses. Since comprehensive clinical pharmacy services require the use
of pharmacy technicians, the profession must resolve the question of
technician role and training. Pharmacy education should provide knowledge,
research experience, and teaching sites with role models providing clinical
pharmacy services. Hospital pharmacy management is a specialty within
pharmacy, and pharmacy schools should provide management courses. In
addition, management residencies should be fostered.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
clinical pharmacy
drug cost
hospital care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
economic aspect
human
short survey
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1983080595
MEDLINE PMID
6829578 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6829578)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 989
TITLE
Caffeine use and young adult women
AUTHOR NAMES
Vener A.M.
Krupka L.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Vener A.M.; Krupka L.R.) Dep. Soc. Sci., Michigan State Univ., East
Lansing, MI 48824
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dep. Soc. Sci., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824
SOURCE
Journal of Drug Education (1982) 12:3 (273-283). Date of Publication: 1982
ISSN
0047-2379
ABSTRACT
A study of 491 randomly selected college women and men surveyed on two
separate occasions and enrolled in required courses at a large Midwestern
university showed that caffeine, a pharmacologically active psychotropic
drug, was consumed by a large proportion of the respondents in a twenty-four
hour period (86%). Women consumed a larger amount of caffeine and used more
substances containing this drug. An increase in caffeine usage with
increased psychic stress was observed for women only. About 15 per cent of
the women sampled (N = 337) had ingested 500 mg or more during the survey
period of highest stress. The data suggest that future investigations of the
linkage of poor pregnancy outcomes with caffeine consumption must obtain an
accurate appraisal of the total amount of caffeine ingested. This can be
accomplished only if O-T-C drugs containing caffeine and such beverages as
colas, teas and cocoa, as well as coffee, are taken into account.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
caffeine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
pregnancy
stress
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
human
human experiment
normal human
oral drug administration
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
caffeine (30388-07-9, 58-08-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1983029936
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 990
TITLE
Drinking patterns and attitudes toward alcoholism of Australian
human-service students
AUTHOR NAMES
Engs R.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Engs R.C.) Dep. Health Saf. Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dep. Health Saf. Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405
SOURCE
Journal of Studies on Alcohol (1982) 43:5 (517-531). Date of Publication:
1982
ISSN
0096-882X
ABSTRACT
Drinking patterns and attitudes toward alcoholism of 1449 students in
medicine, law, pharmacy, social work, applied psychology, police science,
religion and nursing in Australia are reported, revealing primarily
similarities with results of studies in other English-speaking countries.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
attitude
drinking
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
central nervous system
human
normal human
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1983046627
MEDLINE PMID
7144183 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7144183)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 991
TITLE
Pharmacist participation in a multidisciplinary, community health-education
project
AUTHOR NAMES
Powell M.F.
Solomon D.K.
Cavette S.M.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Powell M.F.; Solomon D.K.; Cavette S.M.) Detroit Receiv. Hosp., Detroit, MI
48201
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Detroit Receiv. Hosp., Detroit, MI 48201
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1982) 39:5 (851-852). Date of
Publication: 1982
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
Before its merger with the Detroit Receiving Hospital and University Health
Center, the Wayne State University Health Care Institute (HCI) provided
multidisciplinary health-care services to ambulatory patients of the Detroit
Medical Center. One of these services was a health-education program called
the Consumer Health Education Project (CHAP). The CHAP program promoted
health and disease prevention through the dissemination of health
information. The program offered health information to consumers in four
general subject areas: nutrition, hypertension, drug use and misuse, and
alcohol and substance abuse.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
education
health
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
prevention
psychological aspect
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982220113
MEDLINE PMID
7081265 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7081265)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 992
TITLE
Medical, nursing, and pharmacy students' attitudes towards alcoholism in
Queensland, Australia
AUTHOR NAMES
Engs R.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Engs R.C.) Dep. Hlth Safety Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dep. Hlth Safety Educ., Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405
SOURCE
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (1982) 6:2 (225-229). Date of
Publication: 1982
ISSN
0145-6008
ABSTRACT
On the whole, the medical, nursing, and pharmacy students in this sample had
more negative feelings towards alcoholics and the cause of alcoholism
compared to the American students who were the norm for the instrument.
Medical and pharmacy students were less apt to ascribe a psychological
etiology to alcoholism and all groups were more socially rejecting and less
humanistic towards the alcoholic compared to the norm. They also felt that
alcoholism was more of a moral weakness and less of physical-genetic problem
compared to the norm. Though the differences were statistically significant
for most of the groups, they were under one scale point which might not have
practical significance in terms of interaction on the part of these
individuals with alcoholic persons. However, the results could indicate hat
these students have attitudes towards alcoholics which could cause them
problems with referrals and treatment interactions in their professional
capacity. It was interesting that no significant differences between the
different courses of study was found. This appears to be contrary to other
reports from other countries. Perhaps medical-related students in Australia
are more homogeneous due to similar backgrounds arising from living in a
small country with less divergent ethnic backgrounds compared to larger
nations. Final year students tended to be more negativistic on several
scales compared to first year students which appears to support other
studies which have also reported that students become more negativistic
towards alcohol-dependent persons as they go through their course of study.
Last year medical and nursing students were less likely to see alcoholism as
having a physical-genetic basis, and last year medical students were less
apt to view it as a treatable illness compared to the first year students in
these groups. However, pharmacy students in their final year of school were
more apt to envision alcoholism as a psychological problem, and final year
medical students less likely to view alcoholism as a moral weakness. There
was no change for any group on being less socially rejecting or more
humanistic towards alcoholic persons due to the existing course curriculum
for individuals in their last year of study.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
attitude
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
normal human
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982147168
MEDLINE PMID
7048975 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7048975)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 993
TITLE
Hospital pharmacists as a source of drug information for physicians and
nurses
AUTHOR NAMES
Schweigert B.F.
Oppenheimer P.R.
Smith W.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schweigert B.F.; Oppenheimer P.R.; Smith W.E.) Pharm. Dept., Mem. Hosp.
Med. Cent., Long Beach, CA 90801
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Pharm. Dept., Mem. Hosp. Med. Cent., Long Beach, CA 90801
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1982) 39:1 (74-77). Date of
Publication: 1982
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The types and frequency of questions asked of pharmacists working in a
decentralized pharmaceutical service, and the frequency with which
pharmacist-recommended changes were implemented by the inquirer, were
studied. Data were collected for a 38-day period by all 26 of the
pharmacists working in nine satellites. A drug information log was designed
to document: (1) who asked the question; (2) whether the question was for
general information or about a specific patient; (3) if a change in drug
regimen was recommended and subsequently accepted; and (4) the nature of the
question, including the drugs discussed. A total of 3946 questions were
answered by the pharmacists, an average of 104 per day. Nearly half (46%) of
the questions came from nurses, 38% from physicians (16% from attending
physicians and 22% from residents), 12% from pharmacists, and 4% from other
hospital personnel. Sixty-five percent of the questions concerned drug
therapy problems of specific patients; 35% were for general drug
information. The pharmacists recommended changes in drug therapy for 62% of
the cases involving a specific patient. The pharmacists' recommendations
were accepted and implemented 80% of the time. The most common problem
prompting questions from the attending physicians, residents, and
pharmacists was about drug 'dose', while for nurses it was the 'method of
drug administration.' The drug groups that prompted the most questions from
all four types of health-care professionals were the 'anti-infective drugs'
and the 'CNS/analgesic' group. Cardiovascular drugs, theophylline
derivatives, and i.v. and parenteral nutrition solutions were a common topic
of questions as well. The high degree of compliance with the pharmacists'
recommendations support the role of the pharmacist as a drug information
source in the community hospital setting.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug information
hospital personnel
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
nurse
physician
theoretical study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982077418
MEDLINE PMID
7055151 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7055151)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 994
TITLE
Positive community drug education: a team approach - family, pharmacist,
community
AUTHOR NAMES
Morris R.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Morris R.W.) Dept. Pharmacol., Univ. Illinois, Coll. Pharm., Urbana, IL
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Pharmacol., Univ. Illinois, Coll. Pharm., Urbana, IL
SOURCE
Pharmindex (1981) 23:8 (9-19). Date of Publication: 1981
ISSN
0031-7152
ABSTRACT
The objectives of this paper are to summarize the status of drug abuse in
the U.S., to relate current drug problems to those of previous cultures and
civilizations, to identify the problems with older drug abuse programs, to
identify the advantages of positive drug education, to identify the
relationship of positive drug education to the maturing child, to identify
the role of the family in positive drug education, to identify the role of
the school in positive drug education, to identify the role of the
pharmacist in community positive drug education, and to identify the way
that a pharmacist might serve as leader of the community drug education
program.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
community
family
health education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
drug dependence
prevention
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1981252172
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 995
TITLE
Pharmacists' knowledge in the area of alcohol, and alcohol and drug
interactions
AUTHOR NAMES
Barnes G.E.
Chappell N.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Barnes G.E.; Chappell N.L.) Dept. Psychiat., Fac. Med., Univ. Manitoba,
Winnipeg R3E 0W3
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Psychiat., Fac. Med., Univ. Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 0W3
SOURCE
Social Science and Medicine - Part A Medical Sociology (1981) 15 A:5
(649-657). Date of Publication: 1981
ABSTRACT
Pharmacists from 6 urban centres across Canada were interviewed to determine
their knowledge about alcohol and alcohol and drug interactions. Pharmacists
generally performed quite poorly. Pharmacists who were more knowledgeable
were also more professional in other areas of pharmacy practice.
Multivariate data analysis utilizing four predictors: age, sex, work region,
and work setting to predict alcohol and alcohol and drug interaction
knowledge accounted for 30.7% of the variance in knowledge scores with three
of the predictors, age, work region, and work setting making a significant
contribution in the prediction of knowledge.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
chlorpromazine
indometacin
penicillin G
probenecid
salicylic acid
warfarin
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcoholism
drug interaction
education
pharmacist
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
human cell
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
indometacin (53-86-1, 74252-25-8, 7681-54-1)
penicillin G (1406-05-9, 61-33-6)
probenecid (57-66-9)
salicylic acid (63-36-5, 69-72-7)
warfarin (129-06-6, 2610-86-8, 3324-63-8, 5543-58-8, 81-81-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Literature Index (37)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982033103
MEDLINE PMID
6976626 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6976626)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 996
TITLE
Development of drug delivery systems for use in treatment of narcotic
addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Sharon A.C.
Wise D.L.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sharon A.C.; Wise D.L.) Dynatech R/D Co., Cambridge, MA 02139
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dynatech R/D Co., Cambridge, MA 02139
SOURCE
NIDA Research Monograph Series (1981) No. 28 (194-213). Date of Publication:
1981
ISSN
1046-9516
ABSTRACT
The long term goal of the NIDA narcotic antagonist program of developing an
implantable, biodegradable, naltrexone/PLGA matrix system which will sustain
the delivery of naltrexone to biological systems for one month has been
achieved. The dosage forms which provide the desired delivery
characteristics are 1.5 mm diameter beads composed of 70% by weight
naltrexone base in 40,000 molecular weight, 90L/10G poly
(L(+)-lactic-co-glycolic acid). Other dosage forms, including 1.5 mm
diameter rods which provide 6 months' naltrexone release, finely divided
injectable powders which provide up to 30 days naltrexone release, and 1.5
mm diameter rods which provide 2 weeks' sustained delivery of morphine, have
also been investigated. In vitro and in vivo release rates have been
determined by measuring chemical concentrations in pH 7 buffer solution and
urine, respectively. In vivo efficacy of naltrexone sustained delivery
devices has been measured by direct challenge with morphine (Dewey-Harris
mouse tail-flick test) and inhibition of morphine self-administration in
monkeys. Good Manufacturing Practices documentation has been developed and
used to produce a large batch of the 1.5 mm diameter naltrexone bead dosage
forms at an FDA-registered pharmaceutical manufacturer. These beads,
produced at the University of North Carolina School of Pharmacy, are
awaiting use in human clinical trials.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
methamphetamine
morphine
naltrexone
naltrexone h 3
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug delivery system
drug dependence
drug dependence treatment
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
central nervous system
methodology
short survey
sustained release preparation
therapy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
methamphetamine (28297-73-6, 51-57-0, 537-46-2, 7632-10-2)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
naltrexone (16590-41-3, 16676-29-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982011172
MEDLINE PMID
6791005 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6791005)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 997
TITLE
An analysis of drug-seeking behavior in animals
AUTHOR NAMES
Schuster C.R.
Johanson C.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schuster C.R.; Johanson C.E.) Dept. Psychiat. Pharmacol., Univ. Chicago,
Pritzker Sch. Med., Chicago, IL 60637
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Psychiat. Pharmacol., Univ. Chicago, Pritzker Sch. Med., Chicago, IL
60637
SOURCE
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (1981) 5:3 (315-323). Date of
Publication: 1981
ISSN
0149-7634
ABSTRACT
This article reviews the literature on the behavioral aspects of opiate
dependence. Available data on the variables affecting drug-maintained
behavior are presented. These variables are: (a) reinforcement variables,
including parameters such as delay, magnitude, rate and duration of the
reinforcing stimulus; (b) antecedent conditions, such as deprivation and
satiation; (c) organismic variables, such as genotype, species, sex and age;
(d) current environmental contingencies such as the schedule of
reinforcement in effect, or extinction; and (e) such experiential variables
as pharmacological and behavioral history of the organism. The review ends
with a discussion of the implications of these variables for the treatment
of drug abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
amphetamine
cocaine
codeine
dexpropoxyphene
morphine
nalorphine
opiate
pentazocine
propiram fumarate
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
behavior
conditioning
drug dependence
drug seeking behavior
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
animal experiment
central nervous system
mammal
review
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
codeine (76-57-3)
morphine (52-26-6, 57-27-2)
nalorphine (1041-90-3, 57-29-4, 62-67-9)
opiate (53663-61-9, 8002-76-4, 8008-60-4)
pentazocine (359-83-1, 64024-15-3)
propiram fumarate (13717-04-9)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Physiology (2)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1982011508
MEDLINE PMID
7029360 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7029360)
FULL TEXT LINK
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0149-7634(81)90026-9
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 998
TITLE
Drug misuse in older people
AUTHOR NAMES
Raffoul P.R.
Cooper J.K.
Love D.W.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Raffoul P.R.; Cooper J.K.; Love D.W.) Coll. Soc. Work, Univ. Kentucky,
Lexington, KY 40506
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Coll. Soc. Work, Univ. Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
SOURCE
Gerontologist (1981) 21:2 (146-150). Date of Publication: 1981
ISSN
0016-9013
ABSTRACT
Drug misuse of prescription and OTC drugs was studied among 67 subjects aged
60+ to determine the frequency of misuse and its relationship to various
psychosocial, medical and pharmacological factors. Home interviews were
conducted by interdisciplinary teams of Social Work graduate students and
Doctor of Pharmacy students. Drug misuse was found among 43% of subjects
with number of prescribing physicians and number of pharmacies directly
related to misuse. Hypotheses derived from these findings suggest the need
for educational intervention not only for older drug consumers but also for
practicing physicians and pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug misuse
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
aged
classification
diagnosis
normal human
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1981233062
MEDLINE PMID
7215888 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7215888)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 999
TITLE
Pharmacist involvement in an endocrinology clinic.
AUTHOR NAMES
Miller K.O.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Miller K.O.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
K.O. Miller,
SOURCE
American journal of hospital pharmacy (1981) 38:11 (1720-1721). Date of
Publication: Nov 1981
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The patient-care activities of pharmacists involved in the operation of an
endocrinology clinic are described. During the patient's initial clinic
visit, the pharmacist completes a medication profile by interviewing the
patients and reviewing each patient's medication. The clinic also serves as
a teaching laboratory. Pharmacy students gain experience interviewing,
obtaining medication profiles, evaluating drug-related problems, and
conveying their findings to the physician. The pharmacists' activities
include: (1) explaining the prescribed medication to the patients on a
one-to-one basis, (2) discussing the importance of compliance with the
family members who motivate and reinforce positive behavior, (3) fostering
relationships with the patients, physicians, and other patient-care
personnel, and (4) helping the patients obtain medications that are not
commonly found in community pharmacies. Pharmacist involvement in an
endocrinology clinic can be an effective means of ensuring patient
compliance and enhancing interdisciplinary participation, and it can serve
as a clinical learning experience for pharmacy students.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
endocrine disease (drug therapy)
outpatient department
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
hospital pharmacy
human
organization and management
patient education
United States
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
7304625 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7304625)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 1000
TITLE
Consumer focus of a university drug and poison information center
AUTHOR NAMES
Sigell L.T.
Piascik M.F.
Parker R.E.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Sigell L.T.; Piascik M.F.; Parker R.E.) Cincinnati Drug Poison Informat.
Cent., Coll. Med., Univ. Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Cincinnati Drug Poison Informat. Cent., Coll. Med., Univ. Cincinnati, Ohio
45267
SOURCE
American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy (1980) 37:9 (1206-1210). Date of
Publication: 1980
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The consumer-oriented aspect of a university drug and poison information
center is described. The University of Cincinnati Medical Center began its
24-hour consumer drug information telephone service in 1972. It is staffed
by seven full-time employees, and pharmacists and pharmacy residents of
nearby hospitals handle evening and weekend calls. AN participating
personnel are trained in structured programs. The $78,000 annual budget for
the consumer drug information service is funded exclusively from external
sources such as mental health agencies, foundations, and donations. Of
40,719 calls handled by the center in 1979, 83% were from the public. The
total annual call volume has increased by 250% since 1972. In telephone
follow-up of consumer calls, 73% of persons claimed they followed verbatim
the advice given. Of calls during 1972, 1974, 1977, and 1979, 32.2%
concerned drug abuse; 28.6%, identification of ingredients; and 10.9%,
efficacy. Data from a three-month study in 1979 showed that the goal
perceived by the information provider was to satisfy the curiosity of the
caller 63.6% of the time (35.6% of the time immediate action was indicated).
The authors believe that the center promotes appropriate use of physicians
and pharmacists as sources of information for consumers.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
education
information
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
prevention
university
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1981028797
MEDLINE PMID
7416175 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7416175)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1001
TITLE
Pharmacist's role in projects for children and youth.
AUTHOR NAMES
Scott D.M.
Nordin J.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Scott D.M.; Nordin J.D.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.M. Scott,
SOURCE
American journal of hospital pharmacy (1980) 37:10 (1339-1342). Date of
Publication: Oct 1980
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
The establishment of clinical and distribute pharmaceutical services in an
ambulatory care clinic serving primarily children and youth is discussed. In
addition to assuring that drug therapy is appropriate and needed drugs are
dispensed, the pharmacy staff administers the first dose of medications
prescribed for pediatric patients. As part of the clinic's interdisciplinary
health care team, pharmacists also provide therapeutic and pharmacokinetic
consultations, drug monitoring, drug information, educational programs for
patients, staff, pharmacy students and the community, and drug dependency
and poison prevention services. Health professionals, patients, and the
community have accepted the expanded role of the pharmacists.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
child health care
outpatient department
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
drug information
education
manpower
medical profession
organization and management
patient education
pharmacist
United States
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
7424930 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7424930)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 1002
TITLE
A statewide decentralized public drug information system.
AUTHOR NAMES
Montagne M.
Clute S.S.
McKennell T.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Montagne M.; Clute S.S.; McKennell T.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
M. Montagne,
SOURCE
American journal of hospital pharmacy (1980) 37:9 (1211-1215). Date of
Publication: Sep 1980
ISSN
0002-9289
ABSTRACT
A statewide drug information system designed to assist consumers and health
professionals is described, with emphasis on the training of pharmacists in
the system's satellites. The development of the system was initially funded
by a 10-month, $12,500 grant from the Chemical Dependency Division of the
State of Minnesota Department of Public Welfare. Twenty-one satellite drug
information centers in community or hospital pharmacies are linked by a WATS
telephone line to the library of the University of Minnesota College of
Pharmacy. Consumers' questions are handled through the satellites with the
pharmacists there referring to the central information source as needed. All
the pharmacists in the system are trained in a one and one-half day program
that covers (1) consultation skills, (2) communication skills, (3) drug
information retrieval and distribution, (4) practical applications, (5)
promotion, and (6) resources and referrals. The average amount of time
devoted to the service for all pharmacy sites is 15-20 minutes per day.
Percentage of time that specific resources are used include one's own
knowledge and experience, 64.8%; a fellow pharmacist, 5.7%; another resource
individual, 5.1%; a standard pharmacy reference book, 13.4%; the central
clearinghouse at the college, 6.2%; and another resource facility, 4.8%. The
authors believe that their system can be easily adapted to other areas.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug information
health care planning
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
organization and management
pharmacy
United States
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
7416176 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7416176)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 1003
TITLE
Pharmacological instruction to undergraduate, nonprofessional students: A
general introduction to drugs
AUTHOR NAMES
Gerald M.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gerald M.C.) Div. Pharmacol., Coll. Pharm., Ohio State Univ., Columbus,
Ohio
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Div. Pharmacol., Coll. Pharm., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, Ohio
SOURCE
Health Communications and Informatics (1979) 5:1 (44-51). Date of
Publication: 1979
ISSN
0378-9845
ABSTRACT
Whereas in the past instruction in pharmacology was restricted to health
science students, recent years have witnessed the introduction of
undergraduate, nonprofessional pharmacology courses on dozens of North
American college campuses. The students enrolled in these courses possess
widely diverse academic backgrounds, orientations, and vocational
aspirations, representing an invigorating intellectual and didactic
challenge for the instructor. The author advocates a scientifically-based
orientation that survey the general pharmacology of many drug classes
(rather than exclusively emphasizing substances of abuse) because of its
inherent flexibility in keeping pace with contemporary developments. While
such courses should be bases upon a good understanding of the fundamental
principles of pharmacology, the author believes that students are more
interested in drugs and drug classes per se. Since the backgrounds and
interests of students electing these courses fundamentally differ from those
of students in required health professional pharmacology courses, the
general orientation, selection of subject matter, and level of scientific
sophistication must also differ to achieve an educationally successful
experience.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
health education
pharmacology
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
geographic distribution
normal human
psychological aspect
short survey
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1980013217
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1004
TITLE
Utilization of the Poison Center for the teaching of clinical toxicology to
medical and pharmacy students, housestaff, and health care professionals
AUTHOR NAMES
Lovejoy Jr. F.H.
Edlin A.I.
Goldman P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Lovejoy Jr. F.H.; Edlin A.I.; Goldman P.) Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Unit,
Massachusetts Poison Control Syst., Child. Hosp. Med. Cent., Harvard Med.
Sch., Boston, Mass. 02115
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Unit, Massachusetts Poison Control Syst., Child.
Hosp. Med. Cent., Harvard Med. Sch., Boston, Mass. 02115
SOURCE
Clinical Toxicology (1979) 15:4 (393-400). Date of Publication: 1979
ISSN
0009-9309
ABSTRACT
The Massachusetts Poison Information Center has proved to be a good location
for the teaching of clinical toxicology to physicians, pharmacists, and
nurses at all periods of their training and professional development. With a
continuous source of clinical problems, the availability of sophisticated
information resources, and a wide array of clinical consultants, a center
can become the setting for formal courses in toxicology, for fellowship
training, and for continuing education. Review of clinical cases, discussion
of management issues, literature reviews, bedside toxicology teaching, and
formal weekly toxicology seminars are used to accomplish the educational
goals of the program. We would like to consider a comprehensive Poison
Center from the perspective of the educational opportunities it offers to a
wide range of health care professionals. The experience of one Poison
Center, specifically the Massachusetts Poison Information Center, will be
described. The Massachusetts Poison Control System is responsible for
coordinating programs relating to the provision of poison information and
treatment and professional and public education. It also serves as a source
of data of research. The Poison Information Center is the nidus for these
efforts. Its full-time staff can be reached via a toll-free, statewide
number 24 hr a day, 7 days a week, and receives queries both from the lay
public and from health care professionals. Calls are received from
physicians, nurses, and pharmacists in hospitals and outpatient facilities
and from various suicide and drug-abuse services.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
medical education
poison center
toxicology
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
intoxication
methodology
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine (35)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1980118162
MEDLINE PMID
540486 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/540486)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1005
TITLE
Delayed post-course evaluation by educator-students of a long-standing
college drug education course
AUTHOR NAMES
Hammarlund E.R.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Hammarlund E.R.) Sch. Pharm., Univ. Washington, Seattle, Wash. 98195
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Sch. Pharm., Univ. Washington, Seattle, Wash. 98195
SOURCE
Journal of Drug Education (1979) 9:1 (39-53). Date of Publication: 1979
ISSN
0047-2379
ABSTRACT
This report presents an evaluation of a specific college drug education
course three to eight years later by surveying a large number of its
previous educator-participants. Thus the respondents have had ample time to
determine the usefulness of the various types of information acquired from
the course during their subsequent classroom, counseling or administrative
experiences. Over 100 anonymous responses (57%) were obtained from public
school educators who from previous enrollment data were shown to have taken
the course sometime between 1968-1973. Each year was represented in the
survey. The relative value of the different topics in the course syllabus is
discussed. General basic pharmacological information about ALL drugs, licit,
illicit, alcohol, OTC, etc., was considered to be more valuable than
specific information about current 'street' drugs. The respondents wanted
none of the present topics deleted, and they suggested adding additional
topics, e.g. chemical additives, megavitamins, geriatric pharmacy. Most of
the respondents indicated that they consider themselves to be more objective
about drugs now than they were previously but that they don't believe their
attitudes toward drug abusers have changed in the intervening period.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
education
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adolescent
prevention
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1979186486
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1006
TITLE
Clinical pharmacists as allied health care providers to psychiatric
patients.
AUTHOR NAMES
Gray D.R.
Namikas E.A.
Sax M.J.
Brinkman J.
Cheung A.
Gordon M.
Parker A.G.
Welch 3rd. P.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Gray D.R.; Namikas E.A.; Sax M.J.; Brinkman J.; Cheung A.; Gordon M.;
Parker A.G.; Welch 3rd. P.H.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
D.R. Gray,
SOURCE
Contemporary pharmacy practice (1979) 2:3 (108-116). Date of Publication:
1979 Summer
ISSN
0162-3761
ABSTRACT
The effect of clinical pharmacy services on the quality and economy of
health care provided to psychiatric patients at a Veterans Administration
outpatient clinic was evaluated. Twenty-one patients were selected from the
Day Treatment Center, of these, 19 patients completed the study. In
providing health care to these psychiatric patients, the clinical pharmacist
used a systemized approach including data gathering, evaluation, plan of
action, and follow-up. In addition, medication groups and weekly staff
meetings were incorporated into the patient treatment plan. Following a
3-month study period, the impact of clinical pharmacy services was
evaluated. The provision of allied health care to psychiatric patients by
clinical pharmacists resulted in a decreased incidence and severity of
adverse drug effects, fewer drug use problems, a reduction in the total
number of drugs prescribed, improved patient drug knowledge, and reduced
expenditures for health care without compromising the patient's mental
functioning.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
hospital pharmacy
mental disease (drug therapy)
patient education
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
day care
group process
hospital bed capacity
human
organization and management
patient care planning
public hospital
United States
utilization review
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
10242843 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10242843)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 1007
TITLE
Nonprescription medications: A need for information
AUTHOR NAMES
Stewart E.
Holloway P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stewart E.; Holloway P.) Fac. Pharm., Univ. Toronto
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Fac. Pharm., Univ. Toronto
SOURCE
On Continuing Practice (1978) 5:1 (7-14). Date of Publication: 1978
ISSN
0315-1042
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
alcohol
allopurinol
amitriptyline
amphetamine derivative
analgesic agent
anticoagulant agent
barbituric acid derivative
bromine derivative
cholinergic receptor blocking agent
diuretic agent
erythromycin
expectorant agent
laxative
lithium carbonate
paracetamol
penicillin G
pheniramine maleate
quinine
salicylamide
salicylic acid derivative
sulfanilamide derivative
vitamin
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS
calcium bromolactate
diphenhydramine
dozex
nite kaps
persomnia
restabs
unclassified drug
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
adverse drug reaction
drug abuse
drug information
drug marketing
drug therapy
health education
law
pharmacist
prescription
self medication
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
legal aspect
prevention
therapy
DRUG TRADE NAMES
dozex
nite kaps
nytol
persomnia
restabs
sominex
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
alcohol (64-17-5)
allopurinol (315-30-0)
amitriptyline (50-48-6, 549-18-8)
diphenhydramine (147-24-0, 58-73-1)
erythromycin (114-07-8, 70536-18-4)
lithium carbonate (554-13-2)
paracetamol (103-90-2)
penicillin G (1406-05-9, 61-33-6)
pheniramine maleate (132-20-7)
quinine (130-89-2, 130-95-0, 14358-44-2, 549-48-4, 549-49-5, 60-93-5,
7549-43-1)
salicylamide (65-45-2)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1978399744
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1008
TITLE
Chemical dependency education within medical schools: Supervised clinical
experience
AUTHOR NAMES
Harris I.B.
Westermeyer J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Harris I.B.; Westermeyer J.) Dept. Psychiat., Univ. Minnesota Med. Sch.,
Minneapolis, Minn. 55455
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Psychiat., Univ. Minnesota Med. Sch., Minneapolis, Minn. 55455
SOURCE
American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (1978) 5:1 (59-74). Date of
Publication: 1978
ISSN
0095-2990
ABSTRACT
Physicians can play a significant role in chemical dependency, including
early identification and intervention, referral to treatment resources,
patient and community education, and responsible prescribing practices. Some
medical schools have begun to provide instruction in the psychology,
pharmacology, and physical pathology of chemical dependency; yet surveys
indicate that few offer supervised clinical experience with chemically
dependent patients. At the University of Minnesota Medical School, chemical
dependency treatment centers are used to provide supervised clinical
tutorials for all second year students as part of a coordinated chemical
dependency curriculum. The authors describe the development, goals,
organization, instructional approaches, and assessment of these tutorials.
It is argued that chemical dependency treatment centers are a valuable
resource in the education of medical students, as well as other
professionals, if used with a view to their assets and limitations.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
United States
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1979001200
MEDLINE PMID
696707 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/696707)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1009
TITLE
The knowledge, attitudes, and experience of medical personnel treating pain
in the terminally ill
AUTHOR NAMES
Charap A.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Charap A.D.) Dept. Surg., Mount Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, N.Y.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Surg., Mount Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, N.Y.
SOURCE
Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine (1978) 45:4 (561-580). Date of Publication:
1978
ISSN
0027-2507
ABSTRACT
A multiple choice, true/false survey was conducted to assess the knowledge,
attitudes, and experience of medical personnel engaged in the care of the
terminally ill. The questionnaire focused on the management of pain by
narcotic analgesics, especially the use of newer modalities of
pharmacotherapy. Surgical residents, Fellows in Neoplastic Disease and
Senior Clinical Nurses made up the sample population. The results indicated
a lack of knowledge of not only the newer methods of pain management, but
also of the fundamental principles governing analgesic therapy. Physicians
and nurses overestimated the risks and dangers of physical dependence and
addiction. They, however, assessed themselves as having sufficient
knowledge, with the assistance of senior staff, to deal with most problems
of terminal care. Surgical residents and nurses, in response to 'attitude'
questions, indicated that they believed that most patients are over- rather
than under-medicated. Although their aim in pain management was to provide
complete or near complete analgesia and they recognised the role of anxiety
in pain, their approach to analgesic therapy indicated a lack of knowledge
of strategies to minimize anxiety, thus preventing them from providing
optimal pain relief.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
chronic pain
neoplasm
terminal care
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
therapy
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Gerontology and Geriatrics (20)
Anesthesiology (24)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1979039299
MEDLINE PMID
81466 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/81466)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1010
TITLE
Heroin in the treatment of morphine addiction
AUTHOR NAMES
Kramer J.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Kramer J.C.) Dept. Med. Pharmacol. Therapeut., Univ. California, Irvine,
Calif.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Med. Pharmacol. Therapeut., Univ. California, Irvine, Calif.
SOURCE
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs (1977) 9:3 (193). Date of Publication: 1977
ISSN
0022-393X
ABSTRACT
Heroin, diacetylmorphine, is a drug whose pharmacology and history have been
widely misperceived. It is popularly assumed to be more addicting than
morphine. In fact, its addictiveness, though high, is of about the same
order as morphine; some of its pharmacological characteristics make it
somewhat more so, others less so. The similarities between the two are
reinforced because heroin is rapidly metabolized to morphine. Heroin gained
a heinous reputation once it became evident that it was addicting. First
believed to be either non-addicting or less addicting than morphine, some
reports of its addictive potential appeared within a year or two after its
introduction in 1898. Heroin was first synthesized in 1874 by C.R. Wright
(St. Mary's Hospital, London) who, while attempting to study the
characteristics of some of the opium alkaloids, boiled morphine with acetic
anhydride. F.M. Pierce (Owens College, London) studied its pharmacological
effects from a sample sent by Wright. In 1898 the German pharmaceutical
company Bayer marketed it and gave it the trade name 'Heroin'. It was
introduced as a substitute for codeine in the control of cough. There is no
evidence whatever that it was introduced as a substitute for morphine or for
the treatment of morphine addiction. The small doses of heroin used and its
oral administration obscured two important effects, however: the very first
observers saw neither analgesia nor habituation. While by 1900 it was
evident that heroin could be addicting, it still seemed to be less so than
morphine. Between 1899 and 1902, physicians, a German, 2 Frenchman and an
American, wrote papers advocating the use of heroin as an aid in withdrawal
from morphine addiction, a heroin substitution-heroin withdrawal scheme.
Between 1902 and 1905, 3 French reports expressed concern about the
procedure, though one was critical of the misapplication of the technique
rather than of the technique itself, which insisted that heroin be used as
an aid in withdrawal, not as a maintenance drug. These French critics of
heroin substitution based their arguments on the (erroneous) presumption
that heroin was more toxic and caused a more persistent addiction than
morphine, and on their unsubstantiated assumption that heroin addiction
secondary to treatment of morphine addiction was becoming very widespread.
It seems more likely that their conclusions reflected their concerns rather
than their observation. In the United States heroin addiction was uncommon
until after 1910 and did not constitute an important portion of the opiate
problem until several years later. Most of the few who became addicted to
heroin in those early years of the 20th century became so following its use
for general medical purposes rather than because they received it as a
treatment for addiction or a substitute for morphine. If any blame is to be
accorded for the rising popularity of heroin among addicts, it can be
attributed to the new laws controlling opiate dispensing (the Harrison
Narcotic Tax Act of 1914 and subsequent Treasury Department restrictions and
Supreme Court interpretations): because it was readily available from the
illicit market while other opiates were not. The bad press that heroin, 'the
Demon Flower,' received during the late 1910's and the 1920's was
unjustified. This distortion of history was one of many promulgated by
people whose purposes were honorable. They believed that drug use was a
threat to the country and that essential legislation would be enacted only
by rousing people and Congress. Their maneuver was effective. The law was
passed and it came to be narrowly interpreted. This in turn led to the
American system of addiction control, whereby responsibility for it turned
over from the physician to the police and the option of narcotic
maintenance, the British choice, was foreclosed. Thus was provided a fertile
soil as well as the seeds for a black market that would become the source of
new addiction as well as the sustainer of old addiction. Careful examination
of the historical record can serve to correct long-held but erroneous
assumptions and perhaps may alter the attitudes and policies that flowed
from those errors. The historical record that heroin was not introduced as a
treatment for morphine dependence, and that it was probably not even used
very extensively for that purpose, may induce us to examine the origins of
other of our assumptions about drug dependence.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
diamorphine
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence treatment
morphine addiction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
therapy
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
diamorphine (1502-95-0, 561-27-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1978393383
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1011
TITLE
Implementation and evaluation of a drug education program for a pharmacy
school curriculum
AUTHOR NAMES
Moore S.R.
Hollandsworth J.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Moore S.R.; Hollandsworth J.G.) Dept. Hlth Adm., Sch. Publ. Hlth, Univ.
North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Hlth Adm., Sch. Publ. Hlth, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N.C.
SOURCE
Journal of Drug Education (1977/1978) 7:4 (337-345). Date of Publication:
1977
ISSN
0047-2379
ABSTRACT
As the result of a perceived need for some type of classroom attempt at
approaching the subject of drug use in society, an interdisciplinary class
was begun at the School of Pharmacy at the University of North Carolina.
Using funding from Project SPEED, a NIDA contract with the Student American
Pharmaceutical Association, and continuing them for a three year period, the
program was able to substantiate both a significant change in the cognitive
levels of knowledge about drugs and its effect in society, as well as
significant changes in attitudes of students to that of a more accepting
attitude toward drug users as well as greater desire for social change
related to stereotypes and current social policy.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
curriculum
drug abuse
education
stereotypy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
adult
central nervous system
normal human
prevention
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1978268789
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1012
TITLE
The pharmacology of drug abuse. A novel approach to drug education at San
Quentin
AUTHOR NAMES
Schmidt W.K.
Burchiel S.W.
Meyers F.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Schmidt W.K.; Burchiel S.W.; Meyers F.H.) Dept. Pharmacol., Univ.
California, San Francisco, Calif.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Pharmacol., Univ. California, San Francisco, Calif.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (1977) 2:3 (175-183). Date of Publication: 1977
ISSN
0376-8716
ABSTRACT
A novel and successful undergraduate-level course in pharmacology has been
established as part of the drug education program at California's San
Quentin State Prison. The program was designed to create a 2-way
teaching-learning experience between former drug abusers and their teachers,
all of whom were doctoral candidates and post-doctoral scholars in
pharmacology at a nearby university medical center. In reviewing the
pharmacology of psychoactive drugs, the emphasis was on the principles of
drug action in the central nervous system, with additional attention to
those factors that contribute a potential for abuse. An attempt was made to
present information in a strictly objective and non-prejudicial manner. An
initial analysis has shown a possible change in attitude among the
student-inmates toward drugs of abuse. It is likely that courses following a
similar design would be well received and successful in any type of
undergraduate program that addresses the subject of drug abuse.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
acetylsalicylic acid
alcohol
amphetamine
barbituric acid derivative
caffeine
cannabis
chlordiazepoxide
chlorpromazine
cocaine
dextropropoxyphene
diazepam
lysergide
narcotic agent
phenytoin
psychedelic agent
tobacco smoke
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug abuse
education
prison
student
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
theoretical study
DRUG TRADE NAMES
aspirin
darvon
dilantin
librium
thorazine
valium
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
acetylsalicylic acid (493-53-8, 50-78-2, 53663-74-4, 53664-49-6, 63781-77-1)
alcohol (64-17-5)
amphetamine (1200-47-1, 139-10-6, 156-34-3, 2706-50-5, 300-62-9, 51-62-7,
60-13-9, 60-15-1)
caffeine (58-08-2)
cannabis (8001-45-4, 8063-14-7)
chlordiazepoxide (438-41-5, 58-25-3)
chlorpromazine (50-53-3, 69-09-0)
cocaine (50-36-2, 53-21-4, 5937-29-1)
dextropropoxyphene (1639-60-7, 469-62-5)
diazepam (439-14-5)
lysergide (50-37-3)
phenytoin (57-41-0, 630-93-3)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
Neurology and Neurosurgery (8)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Psychiatry (32)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
Drug Literature Index (37)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1978138381
MEDLINE PMID
880874 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/880874)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1013
TITLE
Drug related attitudes and knowledge of pharmacy students and college
undergraduates
AUTHOR NAMES
Stenmark D.E.
Kinder B.N.
Milne L.D.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Stenmark D.E.; Kinder B.N.; Milne L.D.) Dept. Psychol., Univ. South
Carolina, Columbia, S.C. 29208
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Dept. Psychol., Univ. South Carolina, Columbia, S.C. 29208
SOURCE
International Journal of the Addictions (1977) 12:1 (153-160). Date of
Publication: 1977
ISSN
0020-773X
ABSTRACT
A drug related education appears to increase factual knowledge but has few
effects upon attitudes even when the education has been of several years
duration.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
attitude
drug abuse
education
pharmacy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
epidemiology
major clinical study
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Drug Dependence, Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (40)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1978109820
MEDLINE PMID
863558 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/863558)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1014
TITLE
Liberty Caps: recreational hallucinogenic mushrooms
AUTHOR NAMES
Pollock S.H.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Pollock S.H.) Div. Drug Alcohol Abuse, Dept. Pharmacol., Univ. Texas Hlth
Sci. Cent., San Antonio, Tex.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Div. Drug Alcohol Abuse, Dept. Pharmacol., Univ. Texas Hlth Sci. Cent., San
Antonio, Tex.
SOURCE
Drug and Alcohol Dependence (1976) 1:6 (445-447). Date of Publication: 1976
ISSN
0376-8716
ABSTRACT
Since recreational use of psychoactive mushrooms has become a worldwide
transcultural phenomenon, it is of great interest to learn more about fungal
pharmacology. Clinical studies with psilocybin in both Europe and the United
States strongly suggest that it is more efficacious than LSD or mescaline
for psychotherapeutic purposes. The potential usefulness of psilocybin or a
short acting congener in the psychiatric management of patients with alcohol
and other drug dependencies certainly warrants investigation.
EMTREE DRUG INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
lysergide
mescaline
psilocin
psilocybine
psychedelic agent
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
drug dependence
mushroom
Psilocybe
psychotherapy
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
major clinical study
plant
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS
lysergide (50-37-3)
mescaline (11006-96-5, 54-04-6, 832-92-8)
psilocin (26159-83-1, 520-53-6)
psilocybine (520-52-5)
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Drug Literature Index (37)
Psychiatry (32)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
Forensic Science Abstracts (49)
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology (30)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1977195159
MEDLINE PMID
1035156 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035156)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1015
TITLE
Pharmacies with automated drug profiles can enhance the quality and reduce
the cost of drug therapy
AUTHOR NAMES
Harsfield J.C.
Pelis J.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Harsfield J.C.; Pelis J.) Univ. Massachusetts, Boston, Mass.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Univ. Massachusetts, Boston, Mass.
SOURCE
Journal of the American College Health Association (1975) 23:4 (277-279).
Date of Publication: 1975
ABSTRACT
Availability of more drugs constitutes better health care that may also lead
to many drug related problems such as interreactions, allergic reactions,
and drug related diseases. One of the major concerns in health care today is
the improper use of drugs and their impact on budgetary expenditures. To
ensure good drug therapy of individuals enrolled in ambulatory programs or
HMO's, there is a need to develop a drug surveillance system. Establishment
of a patient drug profile is essential in developing a program that will
successfully monitor drug therapy. A recent study determining drug therapy
problems at an outpatient facility has been conducted at the North Carolina
Memorial Hospital ambulatory care facility. Their report substantiates
findings at the University of Massachusetts Health Services that a patient
drug profile monitoring system should be a functional part of the operation
of a large ambulatory facility. The accomplishments of an automated drug
profile system would be of great benefit to the patient and all
professionals involved in providing health care. It would promote rational
drug therapy by assisting physicians in improving their prescribing
practices. It would provide the pharmacist with information prior to the
filling of a prescription so he can alert the physician of potential drug
inter reactions and prevent possible drug overdose caused by cumulative or
synergistic effects of drugs. The pharmacist with the patient drug profile
can also alert physicians to possible drug induced diseases and prevent
adverse drug reactions in sensitive patients.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
ambulatory care
drug distribution
economic aspect
health care cost
information
medical education
patient compliance
pharmacy
prescription
public health service
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
methodology
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
Public Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (17)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1976117669
MEDLINE PMID
1141556 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1141556)
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1016
TITLE
Considerations regarding inservice education and hospital pharmacy practice
AUTHOR NAMES
Tkachuk J.G.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Tkachuk J.G.) Wayne State Univ., Detroit, Mich.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
Wayne State Univ., Detroit, Mich.
SOURCE
Abstracts of Hospital Management Studies (1974) 10:3 (11275:53p.). Date of
Publication: 1974
ABSTRACT
This essay reviews literature on inservice education and training, based
primarily on experiences of the nursing profession, and reports a survey of
hospital pharmacies in the metropolitan Detroit area, conducted through a
mail questionnaire, to determine their current status in inservice
education. Among findings: the small (60-110 bed) hospitals surveyed have
more pharmacists per bed, and provide more unit dose dispensing and more
pharmaceutical services through group practice; the large (360-1200 bed)
hospitals have more routinely scheduled staff conferences, provide both more
formalized on the job training for pharmacy technicians or supportive
personnel, and more pharmacist involvement in drug abuse information.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
economic aspect
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
general hospital
hospital
paramedical profession
pharmacist
public hospital
teaching hospital
university hospital
EMBASE CLASSIFICATIONS
Health Policy, Economics and Management (36)
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
1974206213
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1017
TITLE
The potential of the pharmacist to serve as a drug abuse consultant
AUTHOR NAMES
Jackson R.A.
Elkins J.C.
Smith M.C.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Jackson R.A.; Elkins J.C.; Smith M.C.) Univ. Mississippi, Sch. Pharm.,
University, MS, United States.
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
R.A. Jackson, Univ. Mississippi, Sch. Pharm., University, MS, United States.
SOURCE
Journal of School Health (1972) 42:9 (536-539). Date of Publication: 1972
ISSN
0022-4391
ABSTRACT
The results of this study indicate that the pharmacist, when compared with
students of social work, evidences greater capacity, in terms of drug
knowledge, to serve as a source of drug information. In the interaction
between the social worker and his or her clients the need for an adequate
knowledge of drugs of abuse would seem evident in todays drug oriented
society. According to the results of this study, the student trained in
social work is not prepared for the assumption of a role of drug abuse
counselor. Therefore, much time and expense would have to be utilized in
order to produce a more knowledgeable consultant in matters concerning drug
abuse. It is in this regard that the pharmacist could play a significant
role. Many have called for the pharmacist to assume the role of drug abuse
consultant. Presently, he does not seem to be assuming that role or
utilizing his drug knowledge in matters of drug abuse. This study shows that
he has the necessary items in his drug abuse armamentarium to be of great
service to society.
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
consultation
drug abuse
pharmacist
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
abuse
drug dependence
drug information
health education
social work
social worker
society
student
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
LANGUAGE OF SUMMARY
English
EMBASE ACCESSION NUMBER
2008891941
COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
RECORD 1018
TITLE
The pharmacist and drug abuse education.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1970) 10:12 (678-679).
Date of Publication: Dec 1970
ISSN
0003-0465
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
human
pharmacist
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
5530855 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5530855)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
RECORD 1019
TITLE
The role of a school of pharmacy. Drug abuse education programming for a
rural state--one approach.
AUTHOR NAMES
Zanowiak P.
AUTHOR ADDRESSES
(Zanowiak P.)
CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS
P. Zanowiak,
SOURCE
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1970) 10:10 (566-568
passim). Date of Publication: Oct 1970
ISSN
0003-0465
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS (MAJOR FOCUS)
addiction
health education
EMTREE MEDICAL INDEX TERMS
article
education
health care organization
human
school
LANGUAGE OF ARTICLE
English
MEDLINE PMID
5528357 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5528357)
COPYRIGHT
MEDLINE® is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.