Show simple item record

Computational Rationality: Linking Mechanism and Behavior Through Bounded Utility Maximization

dc.contributor.authorLewis, Richard L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHowes, Andrewen_US
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Satinderen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-23T15:59:32Z
dc.date.available2015-06-01T15:48:46Zen_US
dc.date.issued2014-04en_US
dc.identifier.citationLewis, Richard L.; Howes, Andrew; Singh, Satinder (2014). "Computational Rationality: Linking Mechanism and Behavior Through Bounded Utility Maximization." Topics in Cognitive Science (2): 279-311.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1756-8757en_US
dc.identifier.issn1756-8765en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/106911
dc.description.abstractWe propose a framework for including information‐processing bounds in rational analyses. It is an application of bounded optimality (Russell & Subramanian, 1995) to the challenges of developing theories of mechanism and behavior. The framework is based on the idea that behaviors are generated by cognitive mechanisms that are adapted to the structure of not only the environment but also the mind and brain itself. We call the framework computational rationality to emphasize the incorporation of computational mechanism into the definition of rational action. Theories are specified as optimal program problems , defined by an adaptation environment, a bounded machine, and a utility function. Such theories yield different classes of explanation, depending on the extent to which they emphasize adaptation to bounds, and adaptation to some ecology that differs from the immediate local environment. We illustrate this variation with examples from three domains: visual attention in a linguistic task, manual response ordering, and reasoning. We explore the relation of this framework to existing “levels” approaches to explanation, and to other optimality‐based modeling approaches.en_US
dc.publisherLawrence Erlbaumen_US
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.en_US
dc.subject.otherUtility Maximizationen_US
dc.subject.otherBounded Rationalityen_US
dc.subject.otherCognitive Architectureen_US
dc.subject.otherRationalityen_US
dc.subject.otherBounded Optimalityen_US
dc.subject.otherRational Analysisen_US
dc.subject.otherCognitive Modelingen_US
dc.titleComputational Rationality: Linking Mechanism and Behavior Through Bounded Utility Maximizationen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollowen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelNeurology and Neurosciencesen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciencesen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106911/1/tops12086.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/tops.12086en_US
dc.identifier.sourceTopics in Cognitive Scienceen_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSimon, H. A. ( 1955 ). A behavioral model of rational choice. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 69 ( 1 ), 99 – 118.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceOaksford, M., & Chater, N. ( 1994 ). A rational analysis of the selection task as optimal data selection. Psychological Review, 101 ( 4 ), 608.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceOaksford, M., & Chater, N. ( 2007 ). Bayesian rationality. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferencePashler, H. E. ( 1998 ). The psychology of attention. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceReichle, E. D., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. ( 2003 ). The E‐Z Reader model of eye‐movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26 ( 4 ), 445‐+.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceReichle, E. D., Warren, T., & McConnell, K. ( 2009 ). Using E‐Z reader to model the effects of higher level language processing on eye movements during reading. Psychonomic Bulletin Review, 16, 1 – 21.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRothkopf, C. A., Ballard, D. H., Hayhoe, M. M., & Regan, O. ( 2007 ). Task and context determine where you look. Journal of Vision, 7, 1 – 20.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRussell, S., & Subramanian, D. ( 1995 ). Provably bounded‐optimal agents. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 2, 575 – 609.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSalverda, A. P., Brown, M., & Tanenhaus, M. K. ( 2011 ). A goal‐based perspective on eye movements in visual‐world studies. Acta Psychologica, 137 ( 2 ), 172 – 180.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSchumacher, E., Lauber, E., Glass, J., Zurbriggen, E., Gmeindl, L., Kieras, D., et al. ( 1999 ). Concurrent response‐selection processes in dual‐task performance: Evidence for adaptive executive control of task scheduling. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 25 ( 3 ), 791 – 814.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSimon, H. A. ( 1956 ). Rational choice and the structure of the environment. Psychological Review, 63 ( 2 ), 129 – 138.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSimon, H. A. ( 1990 ). Invariants of human behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 41, 1 – 19.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSingh, S., Lewis, R. L., Barto, A. G., & Sorg, J. ( 2010 ). Instrinsically motivated reinforcement learning: An evolutionary perspective. IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Development, 2 ( 2 ), 70 – 82.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceStengel, R. F. ( 1994 ). Optimal control and estimation. New York: Dover Publications.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceStephens, D. W., & Krebs, J. R. ( 1986 ). Foraging theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSutton, R., & Barto, A. ( 1998 ). Reinforcement learning: An introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTanner, W. P., & Swets, J. A. ( 1954 ). A decision‐making theory of visual detection. Psychological Review, 61 ( 6 ), 401.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTooby, J., & Cosmides, L. ( 2005 ). Conceptual foundations of evolutionary psychology. In Buss, D. M. (Ed.), The handbook of evolutionary psychology (pp. 5 – 67 ). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTrommershaeuser, J., Maloney, L. T., & Landy, M. S. ( 2008 ). Decision making, movement planning and statistical decision theory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12 ( 8 ), 291 – 297.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVanRullen, R., & Thorpe, S. J. ( 2001 ). The time course of visual processing: From early perception to decision‐making. Journal of Cogntive Neuroscience, 13, 454 – 461.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVon Neumann, J., & Morgenstern, O. ( 1947 ). Theory of games and economic behavior. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWagenmakers, E., Ratcliff, R., Gomez, P., & McKoon, G. ( 2008 ). A diffusion model account of criterion shifts in the lexical decision task. Journal of Memory and Language, 58 ( 1 ), 140 – 159.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWason, P. ( 1966 ). Reasoning. New Horizons in Psychology, 1, 135 – 151.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWolpert, D. M. ( 2007 ). Probabilistic models in human sensorimotor control. Human Movement Science, 26 ( 4 ), 511 – 524.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAnderson, J. R. ( 1990 ). The adaptive character of thought. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAnderson, J. R. ( 2007 ). How can the human mind occur in the physical universe? New York: Oxford University Pressen_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAnderson, J. R., & Schooler, L. J. ( 1991 ). Reflections of the environment in memory. Psychological Science, 2, 396 – 408.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAnderson, J. R., Bothell, D., Byrne, M. D., Douglass, S., Lebiere, C., & Qin, Y. ( 2004 ). An integrated theory of the mind. Psychological Review, 111 ( 4 ), 1036 – 1060.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBallard, D. H., & Hayhoe, M. M. ( 2009 ). Modelling the role of task in the control of gaze. Visual Cognition, 17 ( 6–7 ), 1185 – 1204.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBaron, S., & Kleinman, D. L. ( 1969 ). The human as an optimal controller and information processor. IEEE Transactoins on Man‐Machine Systems, 10 ( 1 ), 9 – 17.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBellman, R. E. ( 1957 ). Dynamic programming. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBratman, J., Shvartsman, M., Lewis, R. L., & Singh, S. ( 2010 ). A new approach to exploring language emergence as boundedly optimal control in the face of environmental and cognitive constraints. In D. Salvucci & G. Gunzelmann (Eds.), Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 7 – 12 ). Philadelphia, PA: Drexel University.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBrodersen, K. H., Penny, W. D., Harrison, L. M., Daunizeau, J., Ruff, C. C., Duzel, E., Friston, K. J. and Stephan, K. E. ( 2008 ). Integrated bayesian models of learning and decision making for saccadic eye movements. Neural Networks, 21 ( 9 ), 1247 – 1260.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceChomsky, N. ( 1965 ). Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceChomsky, N. ( 2005 ). Three factors in language design. Linguistic Inquiry, 36 ( 1 ), 1 – 22.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCosmides, L., Barrett, H. C., & Tooby, J. ( 2010 ). Adaptive specializations, social exchange, and the evolution of human intelligence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107 ( Suppl. 2 ), 9007 – 9014.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEngbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E., & Kliegl, R. ( 2005 ). Swift: A dynamical model of saccade generation during reading. Psychological Review, 112 ( 4 ), 777 – 813.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFaisal, A. A., Selen, L. P. J., & Wolpert, D. M. ( 2008 ). Noise in the nervous system. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9 ( 4 ), 292 – 303.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGeisler, W. S. ( 2011 ). Contributions of ideal observer theory to vision research. Vision Research, 51 ( 7 ), 771 – 781.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGigerenzer, G., & Selten, R. ( 2001 ). Rethinking rationality. In G. Gigerenzer & R. Selten (Eds.), Bounded rationality: The adaptive toolbox (pp. 1 – 12 ). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGriffiths, T. L., Chater, N., Norris, D., & Pouget, A. ( 2012 ). How the bayesians got their beliefs (and what those beliefs actually are): Comment on bowers and davis (2012). Psychological Bulletin, 138 ( 3 ), 415 – 422.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHowes, A., Lewis, R. L., & Vera, A. ( 2009 ). Rational adaptation under task and processing constraints: implications for testing theories of cognition and action. Psychological Review, 116 ( 4 ), 717 – 751.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJohnson‐Laird, P., & Wason, P. ( 1970 ). A theoretical analysis of insight into a reasoning task. Cognitive Psychology, 1 ( 2 ), 134 – 148.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLaird, J. E. ( 2012 ). The soar cognitive architecture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLewis, R. L., Shvartsman, M., & Singh, S. ( 2013 ). The adaptive nature of eye‐movements in linguistic tasks: How payoff and architecture shape speed‐accuracy tradeoffs. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5 ( 3 ), 1 – 30.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMarr, D. C. ( 1982 ). Vision. New York: Freeman.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMcNamara, J. M., & Houston, A. I. ( 2009 ). Integrating function and mechanism. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24 ( 12 ), 670 – 675.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMeyer, D., & Kieras, D. ( 1997 ). A computational theory of executive cognitive processes and multiple‐task performance: Part 1. Basic mechanisms. Psychological Review, 104, 3 – 65.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMeyer, D., & Schvaneveldt, R. ( 1971 ). Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: Evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 90, 22 – 34.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNewell, A. ( 1982 ). The knowledge level. Artificial Intelligence, 18, 87 – 127. (Also in AI Magazine, Vol 2, Summer 1981, pp. 1.20).en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNewell, A. ( 1990 ). Unified theories of cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNewell, A., & Simon, H. A. ( 1972 ). Human problem solving. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice‐Hall.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNorris, D. ( 2006 ). The Bayesian reader: Explaining word recognition as an optimal Bayesian decision process. Psychological Review, 113 ( 2 ), 327 – 357.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNorris, D. ( 2009 ). Putting it all together: A unified account of word recognition and reaction‐time distributions. Psychological Review, 116 ( 1 ), 207 – 219.en_US
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.