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Storm time response of the midlatitude thermosphere: Observations from a network of Fabry‐Perot interferometers
dc.contributor.authorMakela, Jonathan J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHarding, Brian J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMeriwether, John W.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMesquita, Rafaelen_US
dc.contributor.authorSanders, Samuelen_US
dc.contributor.authorRidley, Aaron J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCastellez, Michael W.en_US
dc.contributor.authorCiocca, Marcoen_US
dc.contributor.authorEarle, Gregory D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFrissell, Nathaniel A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorHampton, Donald L.en_US
dc.contributor.authorGerrard, Andrew J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNoto, Johnen_US
dc.contributor.authorMartinis, Carlos R.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-07T16:09:32Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_11_MONTHSen_US
dc.date.available2014-10-07T16:09:32Z
dc.date.issued2014-08en_US
dc.identifier.citationMakela, Jonathan J.; Harding, Brian J.; Meriwether, John W.; Mesquita, Rafael; Sanders, Samuel; Ridley, Aaron J.; Castellez, Michael W.; Ciocca, Marco; Earle, Gregory D.; Frissell, Nathaniel A.; Hampton, Donald L.; Gerrard, Andrew J.; Noto, John; Martinis, Carlos R. (2014). "Storm time response of the midlatitude thermosphere: Observations from a network of Fabry‐Perot interferometers." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 119(8): 6758-6773.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380en_US
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/108644
dc.description.abstractObservations of thermospheric neutral winds and temperatures obtained during a geomagnetic storm on 2 October 2013 from a network of six Fabry‐Perot interferometers (FPIs) deployed in the Midwest United States are presented. Coincident with the commencement of the storm, the apparent horizontal wind is observed to surge westward and southward (toward the equator). Simultaneous to this surge in the apparent horizontal winds, an apparent downward wind of approximately 100 m/s lasting for 6 h is observed. The apparent neutral temperature is observed to increase by approximately 400 K over all of the sites. Observations from an all‐sky imaging system operated at the Millstone Hill observatory indicate the presence of a stable auroral red (SAR) arc and diffuse red aurora during this time. We suggest that the large sustained apparent downward winds arise from contamination of the spectral profile of the nominal thermospheric 630.0 nm emission by 630.0 nm emission from a different (nonthermospheric) source. Modeling demonstrates that the effect of an additional population of 630.0 nm photons, with a distinct velocity and temperature distribution, introduces an apparent Doppler shift when the combined emissions from the two sources are analyzed as a single population. Thus, the apparent Doppler shifts should not be interpreted as the bulk motion of the thermosphere, calling into question results from previous FPI studies of midlatitude storm time thermospheric winds. One possible source of contamination could be fast O related to the infusion of low‐energy O + ions from the magnetosphere. The presence of low‐energy O + is supported by observations made by the Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron spectrometer instruments on the twin Van Allen Probes spacecraft, which show an influx of low‐energy ions during this period. These results emphasize the importance of distributed networks of instruments in understanding the complex dynamics that occur in the upper atmosphere during disturbed conditions. Key Points Coordinated observations made by five Fabry‐Perot interferometers are shown An unexpected strong and sustained vertical thermospheric wind is observed The vertical wind is interpreted to be due to spectral contaminationen_US
dc.publisherAGUen_US
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.en_US
dc.subject.otherGeomagnetic Storm Responseen_US
dc.subject.otherThermospheric Windsen_US
dc.titleStorm time response of the midlatitude thermosphere: Observations from a network of Fabry‐Perot interferometersen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollowen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAstronomy and Astrophysicsen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScienceen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108644/1/jgra51207.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/2014JA019832en_US
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physicsen_US
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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