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The search for a subsurface ocean in Ganymede with Hubble Space Telescope observations of its auroral ovals
dc.contributor.authorSaur, Joachimen_US
dc.contributor.authorDuling, Stefanen_US
dc.contributor.authorRoth, Lorenzen_US
dc.contributor.authorJia, Xianzheen_US
dc.contributor.authorStrobel, Darrell F.en_US
dc.contributor.authorFeldman, Paul D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorChristensen, Ulrich R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorRetherford, Kurt D.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMcGrath, Melissa A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMusacchio, Fabrizioen_US
dc.contributor.authorWennmacher, Alexandreen_US
dc.contributor.authorNeubauer, Fritz M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSimon, Svenen_US
dc.contributor.authorHartkorn, Oliveren_US
dc.date.accessioned2015-05-04T20:36:25Z
dc.date.available2016-05-10T20:26:28Zen
dc.date.issued2015-03en_US
dc.identifier.citationSaur, Joachim; Duling, Stefan; Roth, Lorenz; Jia, Xianzhe; Strobel, Darrell F.; Feldman, Paul D.; Christensen, Ulrich R.; Retherford, Kurt D.; McGrath, Melissa A.; Musacchio, Fabrizio; Wennmacher, Alexandre; Neubauer, Fritz M.; Simon, Sven; Hartkorn, Oliver (2015). "The search for a subsurface ocean in Ganymede with Hubble Space Telescope observations of its auroral ovals." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 120(3): 1715-1737.en_US
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380en_US
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/111157
dc.description.abstractWe present a new approach to search for a subsurface ocean within Ganymede through observations and modeling of the dynamics of its auroral ovals. The locations of the auroral ovals oscillate due to Jupiter's time‐varying magnetospheric field seen in the rest frame of Ganymede. If an electrically conductive ocean is present, the external time‐varying magnetic field is reduced due to induction within the ocean and the oscillation amplitude of the ovals decreases. Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations show that the locations of the ovals oscillate on average by 2.0° ±1.3°. Our model calculations predict a significantly stronger oscillation by 5.8° ± 1.3° without ocean compared to 2.2°±1.3° if an ocean is present. Because the ocean and the no‐ocean hypotheses cannot be separated by simple visual inspection of individual HST images, we apply a statistical analysis including a Monte Carlo test to also address the uncertainty caused by the patchiness of observed emissions. The observations require a minimum electrical conductivity of 0.09 S/m for an ocean assumed to be located between 150 km and 250 km depth or alternatively a maximum depth of the top of the ocean at 330 km. Our analysis implies that Ganymede's dynamo possesses an outstandingly low quadrupole‐to‐dipole moment ratio. The new technique applied here is suited to probe the interior of other planetary bodies by monitoring their auroral response to time‐varying magnetic fields.Key PointsNew technique to search for a subsurface ocean in Ganymede with a telescopeOcean affects auroral oscillation caused by time‐varying external magnetic fieldHST observations reveal weak auroral oscillation and imply existence of oceanen_US
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.en_US
dc.publisherMcGraw Hillen_US
dc.subject.otherelectromagnetic inductionen_US
dc.subject.otherHSTen_US
dc.subject.otherGanymedeen_US
dc.subject.othersubsurface oceanen_US
dc.titleThe search for a subsurface ocean in Ganymede with Hubble Space Telescope observations of its auroral ovalsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollowen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAstronomy and Astrophysicsen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScienceen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111157/1/jgra51618.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/2014JA020778en_US
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physicsen_US
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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