Differences in Feelings of Depression, Psychological Trauma, and Physical Illness in Women Who Have Surrendered an Infant via Open or Closed Adoption: A Quantitative Study

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate feelings of depression, psychological trauma and physical illness related to birthmothers, who have surrendered their infant to open or closed adoption. Methods: An online study was done using a convenience sample of birthmothers who access online support groups and were willing to participate. Each subject completed demographic information as well as the Impact of Events - Revised (IES-R), the Beck Depression Scale (BDI), and the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS-36). Frequencies, correlations and t-Tests were evaluated to provide background and evaluation for research questions. Results: Responses varied with regard to depression (p - 0.336), trauma (p = 0.915) and general health (p = 0.196). Responses were not statistically significant between whether subjects had relinquished via open or closed adoption (IES-R: p =0.236, BDI: p = 0.953, MOS36: p = 0.305). Nor were the responses statistically significant when comparing the results of those women who are currently in contact with the adoptee versus those who are not ((IES-R: p = 0.915, BDI: p = 0.336, MOS36: p =0.196). Results reflect differences on the trauma and general health scales for the women whose relinquishment was placed via a closed adoption. Women with continued contact results reflect differences on the depression scale. Conclusion: Symptoms of depression, trauma, and physical illness are present in women who have surrendered an infant via open or closed adoption. Further studies are recommended to determine impact and treatment options.