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Architectural and material contributions to fracture of the spine and proximal femur.

dc.contributor.authorCiarelli, Traci Eileen
dc.contributor.advisorGoldstein, Steven A.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-30T17:45:43Z
dc.date.available2016-08-30T17:45:43Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.identifier.urihttp://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9909879
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/131415
dc.description.abstractOne of the most significant musculoskeletal diseases affecting society in terms of social, physical, and economic costs is osteoporosis. Although osteoporosis is defined clinically by a fracture resulting from excessive cancellous bone loss with aging, the quantity of bone alone is not adequate to predict who will sustain a fracture. To further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying osteoporotic fracture, the influences of architecture and material quality on mechanical behavior of cancellous bone must be examined. Four specific factors hypothesized to contribute to age-related bone fragility were examined. First, the collagen fibril diameter distribution in human vertebral bone as a function of age was characterized. Fibril diameter distributions changed during growth and development, but not after early adulthood, suggesting that fibril distribution profiles may affect bone mechanics of younger persons but do not appear to contribute to age-related vertebral fragility. Next, human vertebral bone was examined histologically for the presence, numerical density, and morphology of in vivo microscopic cracking. Associations of the amount and type of microdamage with race, gender, age, and bone mass were evaluated. Microcracks were consistently present in vertebral bone at very low levels. No gender or age effects were found, but whites had higher microcrack density than blacks. Microcracks were more prevalent among persons with low bone mass. The third factor examined was fatigue properties of vertebral tissue. Fatigue life increased with aging, which we hypothesize may be a consequence of age-related changes in bone microstructure at the trabecular level. The age-related increase in fatigue life may reflect a qualitative improvement in tissue properties that prolongs structural integrity of the vertebral body despite bone loss. Finally, the microstructure and mechanical properties of cancellous bone from the proximal femur of female hip fracture patients and controls were characterized and compared. Fracture specimens had a significantly more anisotropic structure than controls, even when matched for bone volume. Assuming that bone adapts to its mechanical environment, this suggests that fracture patients either experience altered mechanical loading about the hip or that their mechanotransduction and/or bone adaptation systems are different.
dc.format.extent131 p.
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoEN
dc.subjectArchitectural
dc.subjectCancellous Bone
dc.subjectContributions
dc.subjectFemur
dc.subjectFracture
dc.subjectMaterial
dc.subjectOsteoporosis
dc.subjectProximal
dc.subjectSpine
dc.titleArchitectural and material contributions to fracture of the spine and proximal femur.
dc.typeThesis
dc.description.thesisdegreenamePhDen_US
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplineApplied Sciences
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplineBiomedical engineering
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplineHealth and Environmental Sciences
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplineMedicine
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplinePhysical therapy
dc.description.thesisdegreegrantorUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/131415/2/9909879.pdf
dc.owningcollnameDissertations and Theses (Ph.D. and Master's)


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