Show simple item record

The naltrexone-ethanol interaction on oral-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys.

dc.contributor.authorWilliams, Keith Lambert
dc.contributor.advisorWoods, James H.
dc.date.accessioned2016-08-30T17:48:37Z
dc.date.available2016-08-30T17:48:37Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.identifier.urihttp://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqm&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9910026
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/131575
dc.description.abstractThe opioid antagonist naltrexone (NTX) reduces ethanol drinking and responding for ethanol. In spite of reducing many consummatory behaviors, NTX has beneficial therapeutic effects on alcohol-dependent patients. NTX might act through the mu- or delta-opioid receptor to block the ethanol-induced opioid activity, reduce palatability, or cause an aversive interoceptive state. The purpose of these studies was to clarify the behavioral and receptor mechanisms by which NTX interacts with ethanol self-administration. In all experiments, rhesus monkeys had opportunities to respond for oral reinforcers from 2 spouts. Also, in Chapter 2, a separate group of monkeys responded for intravenous ethanol deliveries. NTX pretreatments (0.1-0.32 mg/kg) reduced responding for oral and intravenous deliveries of ethanol at many different concentrations or doses. The ethanol concentration- and dose-effect curves were shifted down which indicated an insurmountable antagonism of responding for ethanol. In addition, NTX was not selective for ethanol; NTX reduced responding for sucrose when offered concurrently with water. Opioid antagonists selective for the $\mu$-(clocinnamox), $\kappa$-(nor-binaltorphimine), or $\delta$-receptor (naltrindole) were given prior to operant sessions wherein oral ethanol and water were available. At doses that were behaviorally active in other assays, these receptor selective antagonist failed to reduce responding for ethanol in a manner that would suggest involvement of the $\mu$-, $\kappa$-, or $\delta$-receptor. Exploring the environmental determinants for NTX's ethanol-selective effects, we tested NTX at different ethanol concentrations where responding for ethanol was less than (at 32% ethanol), greater than (at 2% ethanol), or equal to (at 8% ethanol) responding for the concurrently available water. NTX reduced responding for whichever fluid maintained the greater amount of fluid deliveries. Because NTX's selectivity for ethanol depended upon experimental conditions, we hypothesized that NTX reduces responding for oral reinforcers by inducing an aversive interoceptive state. In the final experiment, NTX, at the same dose and pretreatment time as the previous experiments, was given to opioid naive monkeys prior to access to novel Kool-Aid$\sp\circler$ solutions. Under these conditions, NTX produced a conditioned taste aversion. The results of these experiments indicate that NTX may reduce ethanol-reinforced responding by inducing an aversive interoceptive state, rather than by blocking ethanol-induced opioid activity or affecting palatability.
dc.format.extent143 p.
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoEN
dc.subjectInteraction
dc.subjectNaltrexone-ethanol
dc.subjectOral-reinforced
dc.subjectResponding
dc.subjectRhesus Monkeys
dc.titleThe naltrexone-ethanol interaction on oral-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys.
dc.typeThesis
dc.description.thesisdegreenamePhDen_US
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplineExperimental psychology
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplinePsychobiology
dc.description.thesisdegreedisciplinePsychology
dc.description.thesisdegreegrantorUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/131575/2/9910026.pdf
dc.owningcollnameDissertations and Theses (Ph.D. and Master's)


Files in this item

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.