Show simple item record

TG‐69: Radiographic film for megavoltage beam dosimetry

dc.contributor.authorPai, Sujatha
dc.contributor.authorDas, Indra J.
dc.contributor.authorDempsey, James F.
dc.contributor.authorLam, Kwok L.
dc.contributor.authorLoSasso, Thomas J.
dc.contributor.authorOlch, Arthur J.
dc.contributor.authorPalta, Jatinder R.
dc.contributor.authorReinstein, Lawrence E.
dc.contributor.authorRitt, Dan
dc.contributor.authorWilcox, Ellen E.
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-06T20:46:10Z
dc.date.available2017-01-06T20:46:10Z
dc.date.issued2007-06
dc.identifier.citationPai, Sujatha; Das, Indra J.; Dempsey, James F.; Lam, Kwok L.; LoSasso, Thomas J.; Olch, Arthur J.; Palta, Jatinder R.; Reinstein, Lawrence E.; Ritt, Dan; Wilcox, Ellen E. (2007). "TG‐69: Radiographic film for megavoltage beam dosimetry." Medical Physics 34(6): 2228-2258.
dc.identifier.issn0094-2405
dc.identifier.issn2473-4209
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/134818
dc.publisherAmerican Association of Physicists in Medicine
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherlinear accelerators
dc.subject.othertumours
dc.subject.otherdosimeters
dc.subject.otherphantoms
dc.subject.otherDosimetry
dc.subject.otherImage scanners
dc.subject.otherCalibration
dc.subject.otherSilver
dc.subject.otherIntensity modulated radiation therapy
dc.subject.otherRadiography
dc.subject.otherPhotons
dc.subject.otherField size
dc.subject.otherX‐ray optics
dc.subject.otherRadiosurgery
dc.subject.otherfilms
dc.subject.otherdosimetry
dc.subject.otherAccelerators
dc.subject.otherStandards and calibration
dc.subject.otherDiseases
dc.subject.otherRadiation sources
dc.subject.otherTreatment strategy
dc.subject.otherAncillary equipment
dc.subject.othercancer
dc.subject.otherradiation therapy
dc.subject.othercalibration
dc.subject.otherdensitometry
dc.titleTG‐69: Radiographic film for megavoltage beam dosimetry
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelMedicine (General)
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.contributor.affiliationumDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
dc.contributor.affiliationotherRadiological Imaging Technology, Inc., Colorado Springs, Colorado 80907
dc.contributor.affiliationotherRadiation Oncology Department, St. Francis Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut 06105
dc.contributor.affiliationotherMedical Physics Department, Memorial Sloan‐Kettering CancerCenter, New York, New York 10021
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
dc.contributor.affiliationotherRadiation Therapy Department, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas 77024
dc.contributor.affiliationotherRadiation Oncology Department, SUNY Stony Brook UniversityHospital, Stony Brook, New York 11794
dc.contributor.affiliationotherDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
dc.contributor.affiliationotherRadiation Oncology Program, Childrens Hospital of LA, LosAngeles, California 90027
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134818/1/mp6779.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1118/1.2736779
dc.identifier.sourceMedical Physics
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. Martens, I. Claeys, C. DeWagter, and W. DeNeve, “ The value of radiographic film for the characterization of intensity‐modulated beams,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/47/13/303 --> 47, 2221 – 2234 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceÅ. Palm, A. S. Kirov, and T. LoSasso, “ Predicting energy response of radiographic film in a 6 MV x‐ray beam using Monte Carlo calculated fluence spectra and absorbed dose,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1812911 --> 31, 3168 – 3178 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. J. Yeo and J. O. Kim, A Procedural Guide to Film Dosimetry ( Medical Physics, Madison, WI, 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. J. Das, K. R. Kase, J. E. Kelley, and B. L. Werner, “ Photon beam dosimetry at a blocked beam edge using diffusion approximation,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/37/4/008 --> 37, 937 – 946 ( 1992 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceM. Ehrlich, “ Reciprocity law for x‐rays. Part II: Failure in the reverse region,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. JOSAAH --> 0030‐3941 --> 46, 801 – 804 ( 1956 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. Djouguela, R. Kollhoff, A. Ruhmann, K. C. Willborn, D. Harder, and B. Poppe, “ Physical mechanism of the Schwarzschild effect in film dosimetry‐theoretical model and comparison with experiments,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/51/17/014 --> 51, 4345 – 4356 ( 2006 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceS. P. Srivastava and I. J. Das, “ Dose rate dependence of film dosimetry in radiation treatment: Study of reciprocity law,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 33, 2089 (abstract) ( 2006 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. Liu, T. C. Zhu, and J. R. Palta, “ Characterizing output for dynamic wedges,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597677 --> 23, 1213 – 1218 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. Dogan, L. B. Leybovich, and A. Sethi, “ Comparative evaluation of Kodak EDR2 and XV2 films for verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/47/22/314 --> 47, 4121 – 4130 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. E. Shannon, “ A mathematical theory of communication,” Bell Syst. Tech. J. BSTJAN --> 0005‐8580 --> 27, 379 – 423 ( 1948 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceF. Baruffaldi, A. L. Angelini, D. Testi, P. Mattioli, and L. Pierotti, “ CCD film digitizers in clinical practice: evaluation of the main properties,” Med. Inform. Internet Med. 26, 101 – 114 ( 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceF. F. Yin, M. L. Giger, and K. Doi, “ Measurement of the presampling modulation transfer function of film digitizers using a curve fitting technique,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.596463 --> 17, 962 – 966 ( 1990 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceH. Fujita, D.‐Y. Tsai, T. Itoh, K. Doi, J. Morishita, K. Ueda, and A. Ohtuska, “ A simple method for determining the modulation transfer function in digital radiography,” IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging ITMID4 --> 0278‐0062 --> 10.1109/42.126908 --> 11, 34 – 39 ( 1992 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceY. Zhu, A. S. Kirov, V. Mishra, A. S. Meigooni, and J. F. Williamson, “ Quantitative evaluation of radiochromic film response for two‐dimensional dosimetry,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598068 --> 24, 223 – 231 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. A. Low, J. F. Dempsey, J. Markman, S. Mutic, E. E. Klein, J. W. Sohn, and J. A. Purdy, “ Toward automated quality assurance for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(01)02818‐8 --> 53, 443 – 452 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceG. Gluckman and L. Reinstein, “ Comparison of three high‐resolution digitizers for radiochromic film dosimetry,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1485056 --> 29, 1839 – 1846 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. Wang and H. K. Huang, “ Film digitization aliasing artifacts caused by grid line patterns,” IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging ITMID4 --> 0278‐0062 --> 10.1109/42.293930 --> 13, 375 – 385 ( 1994 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceB. Mersseman and C. De Wagter, “ Characteristics of a commercially available film digitizer and their significance for film dosimetry,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/43/6/030 --> 43, 1803 – 1812 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. Ambonville and G. Marinello, “ The value and limitations of dosimetry by the use of film in cobalt 60 beams (author’s transl.),” J. Radiol. 0221‐0363 --> 60, 701 – 706 ( 1979 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. L. Robar and B. G. Clark, “ A practical technique for verification of three‐dimensional conformal dose distributions in stereotactic radiosurgery,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598962 --> 27, 978 – 987 ( 2000 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceX. R. Zhu, P. A. Jursinic, D. F. Grimm, F. Lopez, J. J. Rownd, and M. T. Gillin, “ Evaluation of Kodak EDR2 film for dose verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy delivered by a static multileaf collimator,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1493781 --> 29, 1687 – 1692 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. J. Olch, “ Dosimetric performance of an enhanced dose range radiographic film for intensity‐modulated radiation therapy quality assurance,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1500398 --> 29, 2159 – 2168 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. Chetty and P. Charland, “ Investigation of Kodak extended dose range (EDR) film for megavoltage photon beam dosimetry,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/47/20/305 --> 47, 3629 – 3641 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. Suchowerska, P. Hoban, A. Davison, and P. Metcalfe, “ Perturbation of radiotherapy beams by radiographic film: measurements and Monte Carlo simulations,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/44/7/314 --> 44, 1755 – 1765 ( 1999 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceL. J. van Battum and B. J. Heijmen, “ Film dosimetry in water in a 23 MV therapeutic photon beam,” Radiother. Oncol. RAONDT --> 0167‐8140 --> 10.1016/0167‐8140(94)01500‐3 --> 34, 152 – 159 ( 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. W. Anderson and F. St George, “ Comparison of film and ion chamber systems for depth‐dose measurements for a 25 MV beam,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/24/3/015 --> 24, 636 – 638 ( 1979 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. Georg, B. Kroupa, P. Winkler, and R. Potter, “ Normalized sensitometric curves for the verification of hybrid IMRT treatment plans with multiple energies,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1576951 --> 30, 1142 – 1150 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. L. Childress, L. Dong, and I. I. Rosen, “ Rapid radiographic film calibration for IMRT verification using automated MLC fields,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1509441 --> 29, 2384 – 2390 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. M. Charland, I. J. Chetty, S. Yokoyama, and B. A. Fraass, “ Dosimetric comparison of extended dose range film with ionization measurements in water and lung equivalent heterogeneous media exposed to megavoltage photons,” J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. JACMFG --> 1526‐9914 --> 10.1120/1.1522990 --> 4, 25 – 39 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. Esthappan, S. Mutic, W. B. Harms, J. F. Dempsey, and D. A. Low, “ Dosimetry of therapeutic photon beams using an extended dose range film,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1508379 --> 29, 2438 – 2445 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceT. Fujisaki, H. Saitoh, T. Hiraoka, A. Kuwabara, S. Abe, and T. Inada, “ Contribution of Cerenkov radiation in high‐energy x‐ray and electron beam film dosimetry using water‐substitute phantoms,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/48/6/403 --> 48, N105 – N109 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceW. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, 2 Ed. ( Wiley, New York, 1991 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. C. Russ, The Image Processing Handbook, 2 Ed. ( CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. S. Shiu, H. M. Kooy, J. R. Ewton, S. S. Tung, J. Wong, K. Antes, and M. H. Maor, “ Comparison of miniature multileaf collimation (MMLCC) with circular collimation for stereotactic treatment,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(96)00507‐X --> 37, 679 – 688 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. K. Kijewski, L. N. Chin, and B. E. Bjärngard, “ Wedged‐shaped dose distribution by computer controlled collimator motion,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.594440 --> 5, 426 – 429 ( 1978 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. L. Petti and R. L. Siddon, “ Effective wedge angles with universal wedge,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/30/9/010 --> 30, 985 – 991 ( 1985 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. D. Leavitt, M. Martin, J. H. Moeller, and W. L. Lee, “ Dynamic wedge field techniques through computer–controlled collimator motion and dose delivery,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.596533 --> 17, 87 – 91 ( 1990 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceE. E. Klein, D. A. Low, A. S. Meigooni, and J. A. Purdy, “ Dosimetry and clinical implementation of dynamic wedge,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/0360‐3016(94)00369‐V --> 31, 583 – 592 ( 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. D. Leavitt and L. Larsson, “ Evaluation of a diode detector array for measurement of dynamic wedge dose distributions,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597165 --> 20, 381 – 382 ( 1993 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. M. Bidmead, A. J. Garton, and P. J. Childs, “ Beam data measurements for dynamic wedges on Varian 600C ( 6 MV ) and 2100C (6 and 10 MV ) linear accelerators,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/40/3/005 --> 40, 393 – 411 ( 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. W. Beavis, S. J. Weston, and V. J. Whitton, “ Implementation of the Varian EDW into a commercial RTP system,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/41/9/009 --> 41, 1691 – 1704 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceE. E. Klein, R. Gerber, X. R. Zhu, F. Oehmke, and J. A. Purdy, “ Multiple machine implementation of enhanced dynamic wedge,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(97)00916‐4 --> 40, 977 – 985 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTG‐42, American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Therapy Committee Report No. 54. Stereotactic Radiosurgery ( AIP, Woodbury, NY, 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceM. Heydarian, P. W. Hoban, and A. H. Beddoe, “ A comparison of dosimetry techniques in stereotactic radiosurgery,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/41/1/008 --> 41, 93 – 110 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. J. Das, M. B. Downes, A. Kassaee, and Z. Tochner, “ Choice of radiation detector in dosimetry of stereotactic radiosurgery‐radiotherapy,” J. Radiosurge. 3, 177 – 185 ( 2000 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceT. LoSasso, C. Chui, and C. Ling, “ Comprehensive quality assurance for the delivery of intensity modulated radiotherapy with a multileaf collimator used in the dynamic mode,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1410123 --> 28, 2209 – 2219 ( 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. Van Esch, T. Depuydt, and D. P. Huyskens, “ The use of an aSi‐based EPID for routine absolute dosimetric pre‐treatment verification of dynamic IMRT fields,” Radiother. Oncol. RAONDT --> 0167‐8140 --> 10.1016/j.radonc.2004.02.018 --> 71, 223 – 234 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. V. Siebers, J. O. Kim, L. Ko, P. J. Keall, and R. Mohan, “ Monte Carlo computation of dosimetric amorphous silicon electronic portal images,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1764392 --> 31, 2135 – 2146 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. Chang and C. C. Ling, “ Using the frame averaging of aS500 EPID for IMRT verification,” J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys. JACMFG --> 1526‐9914 --> 10.1120/1.1615071 --> 4, 287 – 299 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. Létourneau, M. Gulam, D. Yan, M. Oldham, and J. Wong, “ Evaluation of a 2D diode array for IMRT quality assurance,” Radiother. Oncol. RAONDT --> 0167‐8140 --> 10.1016/j.radonc.2003.10.014 --> 70, 199 – 206 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. A. Jursinic and B. E. Nelms, “ A 2‐D diode array and analysis software for verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy delivery,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1567831 --> 30, 870 – 879 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. B. Greer and C. C. Popescu, “ Dosimetric properties of an amorphous silicon electronic portal imaging device for verification of dynamic intensity modulated radiation therapy,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1582469 --> 30, 1618 – 1627 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceB. Warkentin, S. Steciw, S. Rathee, and B. Fallone, “ Dosimetric IMRT verification with a flat‐panel EPID,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1625440 --> 30, 3143 – 3155 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceS. C. Vieira, M. L. Dirkx, K. L. Pasma, and B. J. Heijmen, “ Dosimetric verification of x‐ray fields with steep dose gradients using an electronic portal imaging device,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/48/2/302 --> 48, 157 – 166 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceÅ. Palm and T. LoSasso, “ Influence of phantom material and phantom size on radiographic film response in therapy photon beams,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1949747 --> 32, 2434 – 2442 ( 2005 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTG‐50, American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation Therapy Committee Report No. 72. Basic Application of Multileaf Collimators ( Medical Physics, Madison, WI, 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceT. LoSasso, C. S. Chui, and C. C. Ling, “ Physical and dosimetric aspects of a multileaf collimation system used in the dynamic mode for implementing intensity modulated radiotherapy,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598381 --> 25, 1919 – 1927 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. M. Ritt, U.S. Patent No. 6528803 --> ( 2003 ); U.S. Patent No. 6934653 --> (2005); U.S. Patent No. 7013228 --> (2006).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. R. Smith and J. A. Purdy, “ Three‐dimensional photon treatment planning: Report of the collaborative working group on the evaluation of treatment planning for external photon beam radiotherapy,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 21, 1 – 265 ( 1991 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTG‐40, “ Comprehensive QA for radiation oncology: Report of AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 40,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597316 --> 21, 581 – 618 ( 1994 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceF. M. Khan, The Physics of Radiation Therapy, 3rd ed. ( Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. Danciu, B. S. Proimos, J. C. Rosenwald, and B. J. Mijnheer, “ Variation of sensitometric curves of radiographic films in high energy photon beams,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1376443 --> 28, 966 – 974 ( 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. F. Williamson, F. M. Khan, and S. C. Sharma, “ Film dosimetry of megavoltage photon beams: a practical method of isodensity‐to‐isodose curve conversion,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.594913 --> 8, 94 – 98 ( 1981 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. I. Hale, A. T. Kerr, and P. C. Shragge, “ Calibration of film for accurate megavoltage photon dosimetry,” Med. Dosim. 0739‐0211 --> 19, 43 – 46 ( 1994 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceM. D. Evans and L. J. Schreiner, “ A simple technique for film dosimetry,” Radiother. Oncol. RAONDT --> 0167‐8140 --> 23, 265 – 267 ( 1992 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. L. Stern, B. A. Fraass, A. Gerhardsson, D. L. McShan, and K. L. Lam, “ Generation and use of measurement‐based 3‐D dose distributions for 3‐D dose calculation verification,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.596873 --> 19, 165 – 173 ( 1992 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. A. van Bree, M. H. Idzes, H. Huizenga, and B. J. Mijnheer, “ Film dosimetry for radiotherapy treatment planning verification of a 6 MV tangential breast irradiation,” Radiother. Oncol. RAONDT --> 0167‐8140 --> 10.1016/0167‐8140(94)90431‐6 --> 31, 251 – 255 ( 1994 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. R. Sykes and P. C. Williams, “ An experimental investigation of the tongue and groove effect for the Philips multileaf collimator,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/43/10/034 --> 43, 3157 – 3165 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceS. E. Burch, K. J. Kearfott, J. H. Trueblood, W. C. Sheils, J. I. Yeo, and C. K. C. Wang, “ A new approach to film dosimetry for high energy photon beams: Lateral scattering filtering,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597999 --> 24, 775 – 783 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. L. Robar and B. G. Clark, “ The use of radiographic film for linear accelerator stereotactic radiosurgical dosimetry,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598730 --> 26, 2144 – 2150 ( 1999 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. J. Elder, F. M. Coveney, and A. D. Welsh, “ An investigation into the comparison between different dosimetric methods of measuring profiles and depth doses for dynamic wedges on a Varian 600C linear accelerator,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/40/4/013 --> 40, 683 – 689 ( 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ.‐S. Tsai, B. A. Buck, G. K. Svensson, E. Alexander, C.‐W. Cheng, E. G. Mannarino, and J. S. Loeffler, “ Quality assurance in stereotactic radiosurgery using a standard linear accelerator,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 21, 737 – 748 ( 1991 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. A. Low, R. L. Gerber, S. Mutic, and J. A. Purdy, “ Phantoms for IMRT dose distribution measurement and treatment verification,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(97)00910‐3 --> 40, 1231 – 1235 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC.‐S. Chui, S. Spriou, and T. LoSasso, “ Testing of dynamic multifleaf collimation,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597699 --> 23, 635 – 641 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. S. Tsai, D. E. Wazer, M. N. Ling, J. K. Wu, M. Fagundes, T. DiPetrillo, B. Kramer, M. Koistinen, and M. J. Engler, “ Dosimetric verification of the dynamic intensity‐modulated radiation therapy of 92 patients,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(98)00009‐1 --> 40, 1213 – 1230 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceD. Verellen, N. Linthout, D. van den Berge, A. Bel, and G. Storme, “ Initial experience with intensity‐modulated conformal radiation therapy for treatment of the head and neck region,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 10.1016/S0360‐3016(97)00304‐0 --> 39, 99 – 114 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. Van Dyk, R. B. Barnett, J. E. Cygler, and P. C. Shragge, “ Commissioning and quality assurance of treatment planning computers,” Int. J. Radiat. Oncol., Biol., Phys. IOBPD3 --> 0360‐3016 --> 26, 261 – 273 ( 1993 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTG‐53, “ American Association of Physicists in Medicine Radiation therapy committee Task Group 53: Quality assurance for clinical radiotherapy treatment planning,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598373 --> 25, 1773 – 1829 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. R. Sykes, H. V. James, and P. C. Williams, “ How much does film sensitivity increase at depth for larger field sizes? ” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598520 --> 26, 329 – 330 ( 1999 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. Suchowerska, P. Hoban, M. Butson, A. Davison, and P. Metcalfe, “ Directional dependence in film dosimetry: radiographic and radiochromic film,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/46/5/305 --> 46, 1391 – 1397 ( 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. Dutreix and A. Dutreix, “ Film dosimetry of high‐energy electrons,” Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. ANYAA9 --> 0077‐8923 --> 161, 33 – 43 ( 1969 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. G. Haus, Advances in Film Processing Systems Technology and Quality Control in Medical Imaging ( Medical Physics, Madison, WI, 2001 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. J. Meeder, D. A. Jaffray, and P. Munro, “ Tests for evaluating laser film digitizers,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597550 --> 22, 635 – 642 ( 1995 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. F. Dempsey, D. A. Low, A. S. Kirov, and J. F. Williamson, “ Quantitative optical densitometry with scanning‐laser film digitizers,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598664 --> 26, 1721 – 1731 ( 1999 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceL. E. Reinstein and G. R. Gluckman, “ Comparison of dose response of radiochromic film measured with He‐Ne laser, broadband, and filtered light densitometers,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598043 --> 24, 1531 – 1533 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. H. Herz, The Photographic Action of Ionizing Radiations ( Wiley‐Interscience, New York, 1969 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. W. Gurney and N. F. Mott, “ The theory of photolysis of silver bromide and the photographic latent image,” Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A PRLAAZ --> 1364‐5021 --> 164, 151 – 167 ( 1938 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJ. C. Dainty and R. Shaw, Image Science: Principle, Analysis and Evaluation of Photographic‐Type Imaging Processes ( Academic, New York, 1974 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceF. H. Attix, Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry ( Wiley, New York, 1986 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceK. Becker, Solid State Dosimetry ( CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1973 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. W. Cheng and I. J. Das, “ Dosimetry of high energy photon and electron beams with CEA films,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597865 --> 23, 1225 – 1231 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. Cadman, “ Use of CEA TVS film for measuring high energy photon beam dose distributions,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598316 --> 25, 1435 – 1437 ( 1998 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. Roberts, “ Portal imaging with film‐cassette combinations: what film should we use? ” Br. J. Radiol. BJRAAP --> 0007‐1285 --> 69, 70 – 71 ( 1996 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceT. M. Bogucki, W. R. Murphy, C. W. Baker, S. S. Piazza, and A. G. Haus, “ Processor quality control in laser imaging systems,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.597940 --> 24, 581 – 584 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. C. Granke, K. A. Wright, W. W. Evans, J. E. Nelson, and J. G. Trump, “ The film method of tissue dose studies,” Am. J. Roentgenol., Radium Ther. Nucl. Med. AJRRAV --> 0002‐9580 --> 72, 302 – 307 ( 1954 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. Yeo, C.‐K. Wang, and S. Burch, “ A new approach to film dosimetry for high‐energy photon beams using organic plastic scintillators,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/44/12/314 --> 44, 3055 – 3069 ( 1999 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. J. Yeo, C. K. Wang, and S. E. Burch, “ A filtration method for improving film dosimetry in photon radiation therapy,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.598108 --> 24, 1943 – 1953 ( 1997 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceS. Ju, Y. Ahn, S. Huh, and I. Yeo, “ Film dosimetry for intensity modulated radiation therapy: dosimetric evaluation,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1449493 --> 29, 351 – 355 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceC. Bramoulle, H. Aget, and P. Louisot, “ Study of a new commercial film for high energy photon dosimetry,” Cancer Radiother 1278‐3218 --> 6, 300 – 302 ( 2002 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceB. Gerbi and D. Dimitroyannis, “ The response of Kodak EDR2 film in high‐energy electron beams,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1607505 --> 30, 2703 – 2705 ( 2003 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. L. Childress and I. I. Rosen, “ Effect of processing time delay on the dose response of Kodak EDR2 film,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1774111 --> 31, 2284 – 2288 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceN. L. Childress, M. Salehpour, L. Dong, C. Bloch, R. A. White, and I. I. Rosen, “ Dosimetric accuracy of Kodak EDR2 film for IMRT verifications,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1852791 --> 32, 539 – 548 ( 2005 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceM. Bucciolini, F. B. Buonamici, and M. Casati, “ Verification of IMRT fields by film dosimetry,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1631093 --> 31, 161 – 168 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceS. Gillis and C. De Wagter, “ Practical and dosimetric implications of a new type of packaging for radiographic film,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/50/8/N01 --> 50, N63 – N72 ( 2005 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceR. E. Morrell and A. Rogers, “ Calibration of Kodak EDR2 film for patient skin dose assessment in cardiac catheterization procedures,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/49/24/011 --> 49, 5559 – 5570 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceI. J. Yeo, A. Beiki‐Ardakani, Y. B. Cho, M. Heydarian, T. Zhang, and M. Islam, “ EDR2 film dosimetry for IMRT verification using low‐energy photon filters,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1760190 --> 31, 1960 – 1963 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceO. A. Zeidan, J. G. Li, D. A. Low, and J. F. Dempsey, “ Comparison of small photon beams measured using radiochromic and silver‐halide films in solid water phantoms,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 10.1118/1.1788931 --> 31, 2730 – 2737 ( 2004 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceA. Djouguela, R. Kollhoff, A. Rubach, D. Harder, and B. Poppe, “ The Schwarzschild effect of the dosimetry film Kodak EDR 2,” Phys. Med. Biol. PHMBA7 --> 0031‐9155 --> 10.1088/0031‐9155/50/21/N04 --> 50, N317 – N321 ( 2005 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceP. J. Muench, A. S. Meigooni, R. Nath, and W. L. McLaughlin, “ Photon energy dependence of the sensitivity of radiochromic film and comparison with silver halide and LiF TLDs used for brachytherapy dosimetry,” Med. Phys. MPHYA6 --> 0094‐2405 --> 18, 767 – 775 ( 1991 ).
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.