Processing YAG/뱉 Al2O3 composites via reactive sintering Y2O3/Al2O3 NP mixtures. A superior alternative to bottom up processing using atomically mixed YAlOx NPs

Abstract

This effort contrasts â bottomâ upâ processing of YAG/αâ Al2O3 composites where both elements (as 40â 50 nm APSs nanopowders) are present at close to atomic mixing with reactive sintering where ballâ milled mixtures of the individual nanopowders (40â 50 nm APSs) give uniform elemental mixing at length scales closer to 100â 800 nm with correspondingly much longer diffusion distances. In contrast to expectations, densification with control of final grain sizes is best effected using reactive sintering. Thus, reactive sintering to densities â ¥95% occurs at only 1500°C with final grain sizes of â 1000 nm for all samples. In contrast â bottom upâ processing to â ¥95% densities is only achieved at 1600°C, and with final grain sizes of 1700 nm. The reason for this unexpected behavior is that YAG phase forms early in the bottom up approach greatly inhibiting diffusion promoted densification. In contrast, in reactive sintering, YAG is prevented from forming because of the longer diffusion distances such that densification occurs prior to full conversion of the Y2O3 component to YAG. The found hardness values are statistically superior to literature values for composites near the known eutectic composition. In an accompanying paper, the addition of a third component reverses this behavior.