Now showing items 391-400 of 400
Neural Circuits and Synapses for Early Stage Visual Processing.
(2009)
Ganglion cells are the output neurons of the retina and send visual information through the optic nerve to various targets in the brain. There are ~20 types of ganglion cell, and most types encode contrast, the variance ...
Accessibility and Manipulation of Brain Signals for Neuroprosthetic Applications.
(2008)
The field of Neural Engineering spawned in response to the perpetual problem of neurology: injured central nervous system neurons do not regenerate or repair, and stem cell/molecular genetic solutions, while the ideal ...
The Oxidative Modification of Mitochondrial Proteins in 1,3-Dinitrobenzene Induced Neurotoxicity.
(2009)
1,3-DNB has widespread use in industry and the military as a chemical intermediate in the development of various plastics, dyes, and explosives. As a result, the production and improper disposal of various DNB-containing ...
Role of Central Amygdala Opioids in Incentive Motivation: Translating Learning into Focused and Amplified 'Wanting'.
(2009)
Wanting a reward like food is different from liking it, and the brain processes these sensations separately. Components of the limbic system mediate both, and here I examined how different neurochemical signals (opioids ...
Receptor Regulation of Volume-Sensitive Osmolyte Efflux from Neural Cells.
(2007)
Cell volume regulation is a homeostatic imperative in the brain due to the restrictions of the skull. To counteract an osmolarity disturbance and restore normal cell volume, neural cells initiate volume regulatory mechanism ...
The Effects of Cortisol on Emotion
(2009)
Release of the hormone cortisol is normally tightly regulated. However, when regulation fails and cortisol is hypersecreted (as in Cushing’s disease), significant emotional changes occur, including depression, raising the ...
Longitudinal Behavioral Evaluation of a Knock-In Mouse Model of Huntington Disease and Mechanisms of Pathogenesis.
(2008)
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded CAG repeat/polyglutamine repeats within the huntingtin locus resulting in a pathogenic huntingtin protein (htt). Early and ...
The Neurogenic Niche and Injury-Induced Neurogenesis.
(2008)
Neurogenesis persists in the forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) where neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in a specific niche. Stroke stimulates SVZ NSCs, which offer reparative potential, but few new neurons survive long-term. ...
Role of Noradrenergic Signaling in the Basolateral Amygdala in Habituation to Repeated Stress.
(2009)
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an important stress-responsive system, but overactivity of the HPA axis can be detrimental to the physiological and psychological health of the organism. HPA activity ...
The role of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 in Schwann Cell development and tumor formation and the influence of steroid hormones.
(2007)
The Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) gene functions as a tumor suppressor gene. One known NF1 function is to turn off the p21ras pathway by accelerating Ras hydrolyzation of active rasGTP to inactive rasGDP. Loss of neurofibromin ...