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Antagonistic actions of the irreversible, μ-selective antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) were evaluated in pigeons trained to discriminate among intramuscular injections of morphine (5.6 mg/kg), saline, and naltrexone ...

The wave of next‐generation sequencing data has arrived. However, many questions still remain about how to best analyze sequence data, particularly the contribution of rare genetic variants to human disease. Numerous ...

Synaptic vesicular accumulation of glutamate is a vital initial step in glutamate transmission. We have previously shown that Rose Bengal, a polyhalogenated fluorescein analog, is a potent inhibitor of glutamate uptake ...

The phosphoramidite approach has had a major impact on the synthesis of oligonucleotides. This unit describes parameters that affect the performance of this method for preparing oligodeoxyribonucleotides, as well as a ...

In a pre previous study, it was found that positive, palatability-dependent consummatory reactions in rats to intraorally infused tastes were facilitated by chlordiazepoxide (10 mg/kg). In contrast, the rats' more neutral ...

Ion implantation has become a highly developed tool for modifying the structure and properties of metals and alloys. In addition to direct implantation, a variety of other ion beam techniques such as ion beam mixing, ion ...

We demonstrate spatially controlled photoreactions within bicompartmental microparticles and microfibers. Selective photoreactions are achieved by anisotropic incorporation of photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl cinnamate) in ...

Citric acid represents a class of carboxylic acids present in biological fluids and playing key roles in biochemical processes in bacteria and humans. Its ability to promote diverse coordination chemistries in aqueous ...