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Multiscale Currents Observed by MMS in the Flow Braking Region

dc.contributor.authorNakamura, Rumi
dc.contributor.authorVarsani, Ali
dc.contributor.authorGenestreti, Kevin J.
dc.contributor.authorLe Contel, Olivier
dc.contributor.authorNakamura, Takuma
dc.contributor.authorBaumjohann, Wolfgang
dc.contributor.authorNagai, Tsugunobu
dc.contributor.authorArtemyev, Anton
dc.contributor.authorBirn, Joachim
dc.contributor.authorSergeev, Victor A.
dc.contributor.authorApatenkov, Sergey
dc.contributor.authorErgun, Robert E.
dc.contributor.authorFuselier, Stephen A.
dc.contributor.authorGershman, Daniel J.
dc.contributor.authorGiles, Barbara J.
dc.contributor.authorKhotyaintsev, Yuri V.
dc.contributor.authorLindqvist, Per‐arne
dc.contributor.authorMagnes, Werner
dc.contributor.authorMauk, Barry
dc.contributor.authorPetrukovich, Anatoli
dc.contributor.authorRussell, Christopher T.
dc.contributor.authorStawarz, Julia
dc.contributor.authorStrangeway, Robert J.
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Brian
dc.contributor.authorBurch, James L.
dc.contributor.authorBromund, Ken R.
dc.contributor.authorCohen, Ian
dc.contributor.authorFischer, David
dc.contributor.authorJaynes, Allison
dc.contributor.authorKepko, Laurence
dc.contributor.authorLe, Guan
dc.contributor.authorPlaschke, Ferdinand
dc.contributor.authorReeves, Geoff
dc.contributor.authorSinger, Howard J.
dc.contributor.authorSlavin, James A.
dc.contributor.authorTorbert, Roy B.
dc.contributor.authorTurner, Drew L.
dc.date.accessioned2018-04-04T18:45:43Z
dc.date.available2019-04-01T15:01:10Zen
dc.date.issued2018-02
dc.identifier.citationNakamura, Rumi; Varsani, Ali; Genestreti, Kevin J.; Le Contel, Olivier; Nakamura, Takuma; Baumjohann, Wolfgang; Nagai, Tsugunobu; Artemyev, Anton; Birn, Joachim; Sergeev, Victor A.; Apatenkov, Sergey; Ergun, Robert E.; Fuselier, Stephen A.; Gershman, Daniel J.; Giles, Barbara J.; Khotyaintsev, Yuri V.; Lindqvist, Per‐arne ; Magnes, Werner; Mauk, Barry; Petrukovich, Anatoli; Russell, Christopher T.; Stawarz, Julia; Strangeway, Robert J.; Anderson, Brian; Burch, James L.; Bromund, Ken R.; Cohen, Ian; Fischer, David; Jaynes, Allison; Kepko, Laurence; Le, Guan; Plaschke, Ferdinand; Reeves, Geoff; Singer, Howard J.; Slavin, James A.; Torbert, Roy B.; Turner, Drew L. (2018). "Multiscale Currents Observed by MMS in the Flow Braking Region." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 123(2): 1260-1278.
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/142880
dc.description.abstractWe present characteristics of current layers in the offâ equatorial nearâ Earth plasma sheet boundary observed with high timeâ resolution measurements from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission during an intense substorm associated with multiple dipolarizations. The four Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, separated by distances of about 50 km, were located in the southern hemisphere in the dusk portion of a substorm current wedge. They observed fast flow disturbances (up to about 500 km/s), most intense in the dawnâ dusk direction. Fieldâ aligned currents were observed initially within the expanding plasma sheet, where the flow and field disturbances showed the distinct pattern expected in the braking region of localized flows. Subsequently, intense thin fieldâ aligned current layers were detected at the inner boundary of equatorward moving flux tubes together with Earthward streaming hot ions. Intense Hall current layers were found adjacent to the fieldâ aligned currents. In particular, we found a Hall current structure in the vicinity of the Earthward streaming ion jet that consisted of mixed ion components, that is, hot unmagnetized ions, cold E à  B drifting ions, and magnetized electrons. Our observations show that both the nearâ Earth plasma jet diversion and the thin Hall current layers formed around the reconnection jet boundary are the sites where diversion of the perpendicular currents take place that contribute to the observed fieldâ aligned current pattern as predicted by simulations of reconnection jets. Hence, multiscale structure of flow braking is preserved in the fieldâ aligned currents in the offâ equatorial plasma sheet and is also translated to ionosphere to become a part of the substorm fieldâ aligned current system.Key PointsMultiscale fieldâ aligned currents in the boundary of the expanding plasma sheet during plasma jet braking intervals are resolvedIntense Hall current layers are found at the inner boundary of the hot Earthward streaming ion jets and flow shear regionsBoth plasma jet diversion and Hall effects from reconnection region contribute to the structure of the substorm wedge currents
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.publisherEuropean Space Agency
dc.subject.otherMagnetospheric Multiscale (MMS)
dc.subject.otherfieldâ aligned current
dc.subject.otherflow braking
dc.subject.othermagnetic reconnection
dc.subject.otherplasma sheet boundary
dc.titleMultiscale Currents Observed by MMS in the Flow Braking Region
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAstronomy and Astrophysics
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScience
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142880/1/jgra54094.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142880/2/jgra54094_am.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/2017JA024686
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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