Infrared Borescopic Evaluation of High-Energy and Long-Duration Ignition Systems for Lean/Dilute Combustion in Heavy-Duty Natural-Gas Engines
dc.contributor.author | Mazacioglu, Ahmet | |
dc.contributor.author | Gross, Michael | |
dc.contributor.author | Kern, Justin | |
dc.contributor.author | Sick, Volker | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-05-19T16:32:03Z | |
dc.date.available | 2018-05-19T16:32:03Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2018-04-03 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Mazacioglu, A., Gross, M., Kern, J., and Sick, V., "Infrared Borescopic Evaluation of High-Energy and Long-Duration Ignition Systems for Lean/Dilute Combustion in Heavy-Duty Natural-Gas Engines," SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1149, 2018, https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1149 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/143838 | |
dc.description.abstract | Natural gas (NG) is attractive for heavy-duty (HD) engines for reasons of cost stability, emissions, and fuel security. NG cannot be reliably compression-ignited, but conventional gasoline ignition systems are not optimized for NG and are challenged to ignite mixtures that are lean or diluted with exhaust-gas recirculation (EGR). NG ignition is particularly challenging in large-bore engines, where completing combustion in the available time is more difficult. Using two high-speed infrared (IR) cameras with borescopic access to one cylinder of an HD NG engine, the effect of ignition system on the early flame-kernel development and cycle-to-cycle variability (CCV) was investigated. Imaging in the IR yielded strong signals from water emission lines, which located the flame front and burned-gas regions and obviated image intensifiers. A 9.7-liter, six-cylinder engine was modified to enable exhaust-gas recirculation and to provide optical access. Three ignition technologies were studied: a conventional system delivering 65 mJ of energy to each spark, a high-energy conventional system delivering 140 mJ, and a Bosch Controlled Electronic Ignition (CEI) system. CEI uses electronics to extend the ignition event, yielding sparks up to 5 ms in duration with up to 300 mJ of energy. Air/fuel equivalence ratios, λ, as high as 1.6 (with minimum EGR) and EGR fractions as high as 23% (stoichiometric) were tested; ignition delay, engine-out emissions, fuel consumption and image-derived parameters were compared. In most lean or dilute cases, the 140-mJ system yielded the lowest CCV. The imagery provided information about the early stages of ignition and combustion, where pressure measurements are not reliable. Image-based metrics also revealed that early flame kernels located further from the head yielded better combustion, showing that borescopic IR imaging can provide guidance for future engine design. | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | The information, data, or work presented herein was funded in part by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), U.S. Department of Energy, under Award Number DE-EE0007307. We also thank Dr. Hao Chen and Angela Wu for their help with software and James Elkins for engine-head modifications. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
dc.publisher | SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1149 | en_US |
dc.title | Infrared Borescopic Evaluation of High-Energy and Long-Duration Ignition Systems for Lean/Dilute Combustion in Heavy-Duty Natural-Gas Engines | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Mechanical Engineering | |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Engineering | |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | University of Michigan | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | University of Michigan | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | University of Michigan | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Bosch | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationumcampus | Ann Arbor | |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143838/1/2018-01-1149.pdf | |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1149 | |
dc.owningcollname | Mechanical Engineering, Department of |
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