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U.S. Public Health Service STD Experiments in Guatemala (1946â 1948) and Their Aftermath
dc.contributor.authorSpector‐bagdady, Kayte
dc.contributor.authorLombardo, Paul A.
dc.date.accessioned2019-04-02T18:11:00Z
dc.date.available2020-05-01T18:03:25Zen
dc.date.issued2019-03
dc.identifier.citationSpector‐bagdady, Kayte ; Lombardo, Paul A. (2019). "U.S. Public Health Service STD Experiments in Guatemala (1946â 1948) and Their Aftermath." Ethics & Human Research 41(2): 29-34.
dc.identifier.issn2578-2355
dc.identifier.issn2578-2363
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/148377
dc.description.abstractThe U.S. Public Health Serviceâ s sexually transmitted disease (STD) experiments in Guatemala are an important case study not only in human subjects research transgressions but also in the response to serious lapses in research ethics. This case study describes how individuals in the STD experiments were tested, exposed to STDs, and exploited as the source of biological specimensâ all without informed consent and often with active deceit. It also explores and evaluates governmental and professional responses that followed the public revelation of these experiments, including by academic institutions, professional organizations, and the U.S. federal government, pushing us to reconsider both how we prevent such lapses in the future and how we respond when they are first revealed.
dc.publisherGovernment Printing Office
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherbiospecimen research
dc.subject.otherinformed consent
dc.subject.otherhuman research ethics
dc.subject.otherGuatemala STD experiments
dc.titleU.S. Public Health Service STD Experiments in Guatemala (1946â 1948) and Their Aftermath
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPhilosophy
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelMedicine (General)
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHumanities
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148377/1/eahr500010.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/eahr.500010
dc.identifier.sourceEthics & Human Research
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 4.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 69.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 13 â 23.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 74.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 44.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 57.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 56 â 68.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceReverby, S. M., â â Normal Exposureâ and Inoculation Syphilis: PHS â Tuskegeeâ Doctors in Guatemala, 1946-48 and at Sing Sing Prison, Ossining, New York, 1953-54,â paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the History of Medicine, Rochester, MN, May 2, 2010.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC Report on Findings from the U.S. Public Health Service Sexually Transmitted Disease Inoculation Study of 1946-1948, Based on Review of Archived Papers of John Cutler, MD, at the University of Pittsburgh, September 29, 2010, https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/5797.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCNN Wire, â US Apologizes for Infecting Guatemalans with STDs in the 1940s,â CNN, October 1, 2010, http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/americas/10/01/us.guatemala.apology/index.html.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMemorandum from President Barack Obama to Amy Gutmann, chair, Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, November 24, 2010, https://bioethicsarchive.georgetown.edu/pcsbi/sites/default/files/Ethically%20Impossible%20(with%20linked%20historical%20documents)%202.7.13.pdf.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePresidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, â Ethically Impossible.â
dc.identifier.citedreferenceOve, T., â Late Pitt Dean Cutler Denounced for Infecting Guatemalans with Syphilis in Research Experiment,â Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August 20, 2011.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVergano, D., â Sexual Diseases Research Award Renamed after Vote,â USA Today, April 11, 2013.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceUniversity of Pittsburgh, â Parran Hall Name Disappears after Board of Trustees Agrees with Chancellorâ s Recommendation,â University Times, July 5, 2018, https://www.utimes.pitt.edu/news/parran-hall-name.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGarcia v. Sebelius, 867 F. Supp. 2d 125 (D.D.C. 2012 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceU. S. Department of Health and Human Services, â HHS Commits Nearly $1.8 million to Health Initiatives in Guatemala and to Improving Global Human Research Protections,â BusinessWire, January 10, 2012, https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120110005560/en/HHS-commits-1.8-million-health-initiatives-Guatemala.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAlvarez v. Hopkins, 275 F. Supp. 3d 670 ( 2017 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCohen, I. G., and H. F. Lynch, â Guatemalans Used in Experiments Deserve Compensation,â New York Times, July 4, 2012, http://mobile.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/opinion/guatemalans-used-inexperiments-deserve-compensation.html.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceReverby, S., â â Normal Exposureâ and Inoculation Syphilis: A PHS â Tuskegeeâ Doctor in Guatemala, 1946-1948,â Journal of Policy History 23, no. 1 ( 2011 ): 6 â 28.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePresidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, â Ethically Impossibleâ : STD Research in Guatemala from 1946 to 1948 ( Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2011 ), 11.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 23 â 25.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 28.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSpector-Bagdady, K., and P. A. Lombardo, â â Something of an Adventureâ : Postwar NIH Research Ethos and the Guatemala STD Experiments,â Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics 41, no. 3 ( 2013 ): 697 â 710.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePresidential Commission, â Ethically Impossible,â 32 â 36.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 36 â 41.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 37 â 38.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJones, J. H., Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment ( New York: The Free Press, 1993 ).
dc.identifier.citedreferencePresidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, â Ethically Impossible,â 37 â 38.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 38 â 40.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 40 â 41.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 41.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 41 â 42.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 43 â 51.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 69 â 70.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 44 â 48.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 53 â 56.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceIbid., 51 â 52.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSpector-Bagdady, K., and P. A. Lombardo, â From In Vivo to In Vitro: How the Guatemala STD Experiments Transformed Bodies into Biospecimens,â Millbank Quarterly 96, no. 2 ( 2018 ): 244 â 71.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLerner, B. H., and Caplan, A. L., â Judging the Past: How History Should Inform Bioethics,â Annals of Internal Medicine 164, no. 8 ( 2016 ): 553 â 57.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePresidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, â Ethically Impossible,â 74.
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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