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Age, period and cohort effects in frequent cannabis use among US students: 1991–2018
dc.contributor.authorHamilton, Ava D.
dc.contributor.authorJang, Joy Bohyun
dc.contributor.authorPatrick, Megan E.
dc.contributor.authorSchulenberg, John E.
dc.contributor.authorKeyes, Katherine M.
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-30T15:31:35Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_14_MONTHS
dc.date.available2019-09-30T15:31:35Z
dc.date.issued2019-10
dc.identifier.citationHamilton, Ava D.; Jang, Joy Bohyun; Patrick, Megan E.; Schulenberg, John E.; Keyes, Katherine M. (2019). "Age, period and cohort effects in frequent cannabis use among US students: 1991–2018." Addiction 114(10): 1763-1772.
dc.identifier.issn0965-2140
dc.identifier.issn1360-0443
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151314
dc.description.abstractBackground and AimsAs the legal status of cannabis changes across the United States and modes of administration expand, it is important to examine the potential impact on adolescent cannabis use. This study aimed to assess changes in prevalence of frequent cannabis use in adolescents in the United States and how far this varies by age and cohort.DesignAnalysis of Monitoring the Future, a nationally representative annual survey of 8th‐, 10th‐ and 12th‐grade students in the United States conducted from 1991 to 2018.SettingIn‐school surveys completed by US adolescents.ParticipantsA total of 1 236 159 8th‐, 10th‐ and 12th‐graders; 51.5% female, 59.6% non‐Hispanic white, 12.3% non‐Hispanic black, 13.4% Hispanic and 14.7% other race/ethnicity.MeasurementsFrequent cannabis use (FCU), defined as six or more occasions in the past 30 days, stratified by sex, race/ethnicity and parental education.FindingsFCU among US adolescents increased over the study period; the peak in 2010–18 was 11.4% among 18‐year‐old students. This increase was best explained by both period and cohort effects. Compared with respondents in 2005, adolescents surveyed in 2018 had period effects in FCU that were 1.6 times greater. Adolescents in younger birth cohorts (those born > 1988) had a lower increase in FCU than those born prior to 1988. Results were consistent across sex, parent education and race/ethnicity, with period effects indicating increasing FCU after 2005 and cohort effects indicating a lower magnitude of increase in more recent birth cohorts. Age and parental education disparities in FCU have increased over time, whereas race/ethnicity differences have converged over time; black students were 0.67 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.64–0.70] times as likely to use cannabis frequently as white students from 1991 to 2000, and 1.03 (95% CI = 0.98–1.09) times as likely from 2011 to 2018 (P‐value for time interaction < 0.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of frequent cannabis use (FCU) increased from 1991 to 2018 among older adolescents in the United States. Racial/ethnic differences in FCU converged, whereas parental education differences have diverged.
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherAdolescent cannabis use
dc.subject.otherfrequent cannabis use
dc.subject.otherage–period–cohort
dc.subject.othertime trends
dc.subject.otherrace/ethnicity
dc.subject.otherparental education
dc.titleAge, period and cohort effects in frequent cannabis use among US students: 1991–2018
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPsychiatry
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPublic Health
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151314/1/add14665_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151314/2/add14665.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/add.14665
dc.identifier.sourceAddiction
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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