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Diurnal cortisol and obesity in adolescents with and without Down syndrome
dc.contributor.authorPitchford, E. A.
dc.contributor.authorHasson, R. E.
dc.contributor.authorHornyak, J. E.
dc.contributor.authorLumeng, J. C.
dc.contributor.authorPeterson, K. E.
dc.contributor.authorUlrich, D. A.
dc.date.accessioned2019-11-12T16:21:23Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_14_MONTHS
dc.date.available2019-11-12T16:21:23Z
dc.date.issued2019-12
dc.identifier.citationPitchford, E. A.; Hasson, R. E.; Hornyak, J. E.; Lumeng, J. C.; Peterson, K. E.; Ulrich, D. A. (2019). "Diurnal cortisol and obesity in adolescents with and without Down syndrome." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 63(12): 1401-1412.
dc.identifier.issn0964-2633
dc.identifier.issn1365-2788
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/151976
dc.description.abstractBackgroundThe prevalence of obesity in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) far exceeds that in the general population. Cortisol, an adrenal hormone, can be obesogenic when dysregulated. However, the diurnal patterns of this hormone have not been examined among individuals with DS. Variations in adiposity may also mediate cortisol regulation. This study sought to examine diurnal cortisol patterns in adolescents with DS as well as associations between cortisol function and obesity.MethodA total of 32 adolescents, including 16 with DS and 16 controls with typical development (TD) of similar sex, age and Tanner pubertal stage (P > 0.05), participated in this preliminary study. Participants completed a dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan to measure body composition and collected saliva samples for cortisol measurements in the morning, afternoon and night. Linear mixed models with random intercepts and repeated measures were used to examine the daily trajectory of log‐transformed cortisol concentrations between adolescents with and without DS. A second model examined the interaction between DS and presence of elevated body fatness.ResultsAdolescents with DS had higher morning cortisol concentrations (intercept = 0.37 μg/dL), but this was not significantly different than in TD (0.35 μg/dL, P = 0.16). Cortisol significantly declined across hours (b = −0.026 μg/dL/h, P < 0.001), but this decline also did not differ from that observed in TD (b = −0.024 μg/dL/h, P = 0.43). While cortisol levels were slightly higher among adolescents with elevated body fatness, this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05; d = 0.30).ConclusionsThis study is the first to examine diurnal cortisol in DS but is limited in sample size. These preliminary findings suggest that diurnal cortisol patterns are not significantly different between adolescents with DS and TD and that cortisol levels are not associated with adiposity in this population. Despite these non‐significant differences, youth with DS continue to be an ‘at‐risk’ population for paediatric obesity in need of clinical intervention.
dc.publisherIL, Human Kinetics
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherpuberty
dc.subject.otheradiposity
dc.subject.othercortisol
dc.subject.otherDown syndrome
dc.subject.otherendocrine
dc.subject.otherobesity
dc.titleDiurnal cortisol and obesity in adolescents with and without Down syndrome
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelNeurosciences
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151976/1/jir12682_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151976/2/jir12682.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jir.12682
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Intellectual Disability Research
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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