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Importance of Ambipolar Electric Field in Driving Ion Loss From Mars: Results From a Multifluid MHD Model With the Electron Pressure Equation Included
dc.contributor.authorMa, Y. J.
dc.contributor.authorDong, C. F.
dc.contributor.authorToth, G.
dc.contributor.authorHolst, B.
dc.contributor.authorNagy, A. F.
dc.contributor.authorRussell, C. T.
dc.contributor.authorBougher, S.
dc.contributor.authorFang, Xiaohua
dc.contributor.authorHalekas, J. S.
dc.contributor.authorEspley, J. R.
dc.contributor.authorMahaffy, P. R.
dc.contributor.authorBenna, M.
dc.contributor.authorMcFadden, J.
dc.contributor.authorJakosky, B. M.
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-13T15:05:08Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_11_MONTHS
dc.date.available2020-01-13T15:05:08Z
dc.date.issued2019-11
dc.identifier.citationMa, Y. J.; Dong, C. F.; Toth, G.; Holst, B.; Nagy, A. F.; Russell, C. T.; Bougher, S.; Fang, Xiaohua; Halekas, J. S.; Espley, J. R.; Mahaffy, P. R.; Benna, M.; McFadden, J.; Jakosky, B. M. (2019). "Importance of Ambipolar Electric Field in Driving Ion Loss From Mars: Results From a Multifluid MHD Model With the Electron Pressure Equation Included." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 124(11): 9040-9057.
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/152574
dc.description.abstractThe multifluid (MF) magnetohydrodynamic model of Mars is improved by solving an additional electron pressure equation. Through the electron pressure equation, the electron temperature is calculated based on the effects from various electron‐related heating and cooling processes (e.g., photoelectron heating, electron‐neutral collision, and electron‐ion collision), and thus, the improved model can calculate the electron temperature and the electron pressure force terms self‐consistently. Model results of a typical case using the MF with electron pressure equation included model are compared in detail to identical cases using the MF and multispecies models to identify the effect of the improved physics. We find that when the electron pressure equation is included, the general interaction patterns are similar to those with no electron pressure equation. However, the MF with electron pressure equation included model predicts that the electron temperature is much larger than the ion temperature in the ionosphere, consistent with both Viking and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations. Using our numerical model, we also examined in detail the relative importance of different forces in the plasma interaction region. All three models are also applied to a MAVEN event study using identical input conditions; overall, the improved model matches best with MAVEN observations. All of the simulation cases are examined in terms of the total ion loss, and the results show that the inclusion of the electron pressure equation increases the escape rates by 50–110% in total mass, depending on solar condition and strong crustal field orientation, clearly demonstrating the importance of the ambipolar electric field in facilitating ion escape.Key PointsFor the first time, the effect of the ambipolar electric field is self‐consistently included in the global multifluid MHD modelThe ambipolar electric field plays a significant role in driving ion loss from Mars. The ion mass loss can be enhanced by more than 50%The improved model matches best with MAVEN observations in comparison with previous models
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.publisherCambridge University Press
dc.subject.otherion loss
dc.subject.otherambipolar electric field
dc.subject.othermultifluid MHD
dc.subject.otherMars
dc.subject.otherelectron energy equation
dc.titleImportance of Ambipolar Electric Field in Driving Ion Loss From Mars: Results From a Multifluid MHD Model With the Electron Pressure Equation Included
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAstronomy and Astrophysics
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScience
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152574/1/jgra55307-sup-0001-2019JA027091-SI.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152574/2/jgra55307_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152574/3/jgra55307.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2019JA027091
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

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