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Oxygen Ion Butterfly Distributions Observed in a Magnetotail Dipolarizing Flux Bundle
dc.contributor.authorZhao, S. J.
dc.contributor.authorFu, S. Y.
dc.contributor.authorSun, W. J.
dc.contributor.authorZhou, X. Z.
dc.contributor.authorPu, Z. Y.
dc.contributor.authorXie, L.
dc.contributor.authorWu, T.
dc.contributor.authorXiong, Y.
dc.contributor.authorZhang, H.
dc.contributor.authorZong, Q. G.
dc.contributor.authorYu, F. B.
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-05T15:05:56Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_11_MONTHS
dc.date.available2020-02-05T15:05:56Z
dc.date.issued2019-12
dc.identifier.citationZhao, S. J.; Fu, S. Y.; Sun, W. J.; Zhou, X. Z.; Pu, Z. Y.; Xie, L.; Wu, T.; Xiong, Y.; Zhang, H.; Zong, Q. G.; Yu, F. B. (2019). "Oxygen Ion Butterfly Distributions Observed in a Magnetotail Dipolarizing Flux Bundle." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 124(12): 10219-10229.
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380
dc.identifier.issn2169-9402
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/153633
dc.description.abstractCluster observed two intermittent oxygen ion (O+) flux enhancements with energy dispersions in a dipolarizing flux bundle, which is known as a region of enhanced northward magnetic field (Bz) embedded in the earthward high‐speed flow. The flux enhancements of O+ show clear pitch angle dependences, which are termed as butterfly distributions. Two corresponding flux enhancements of field‐aligned protons (H+) are also shown in its spectrum, but they are weaker and emerge later (~10 s) than those of O+. Simulation shows that both enhanced ion species are the counterstreaming populations. They originated from the lobe region and were driven into the center plasma sheet by the dawn‐dusk electric field (Ey). Backward tracing test‐particle simulations reproduce the butterfly O+ and the counterstreaming H+ distribution. The differences between O+ and H+ are because of their different gyroradii. The lobe O+ can arrive at the magnetic equatorial plane in less than one gyromotion due to its large gyroradius, and O+ with a larger field‐aligned velocity can arrive at the equatorial plane earlier, leading to the energy and pitch angle dependence. While H+ with similar energy can drift into dipolarizing flux bundle through electric field drift (E × B motion) and arrive at the equatorial plane through adiabatic motion, which consequently forms the field‐aligned flux enhancements in dipolarizing flux bundle, that is, the Bz‐dominant region. The simulation further confirms that intermittent increases of Ey component can produce the two intermittent flux enhancements, as indicated in the in situ observation.Key PointsTwo intermittent butterfly O+ and counterstreaming H+ flux enhancements are observed in a dipolarizing flux bundleO+ enhancements are more intense and emerge earlier than those of H+Convection electric field plays a key role in the formation of butterfly O+ and counterstreaming H+
dc.publisherInterscience
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otheroxygen ions
dc.subject.otherdipolarizing flux bundles
dc.subject.otherbutterfly distribution
dc.subject.otherintermittent flux enhancements
dc.titleOxygen Ion Butterfly Distributions Observed in a Magnetotail Dipolarizing Flux Bundle
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAstronomy and Astrophysics
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScience
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153633/1/jgra55404_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153633/2/jgra55404.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2019JA027244
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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