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High‐Resolution Numerical Modeling of Heat and Volatile Transfer from Basalt to Wall Rock: Application to the Crustal Column beneath Long Valley Caldera, CA
dc.contributor.authorCalogero, M.A.
dc.contributor.authorHetland, E. A.
dc.contributor.authorLange, R. A.
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-17T18:32:01Z
dc.date.availableWITHHELD_13_MONTHS
dc.date.available2020-03-17T18:32:01Z
dc.date.issued2020-03
dc.identifier.citationCalogero, M. A. ; Hetland, E. A. ; Lange, R. A. (2020). "High‐Resolution Numerical Modeling of Heat and Volatile Transfer from Basalt to Wall Rock: Application to the Crustal Column beneath Long Valley Caldera, CA." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 125(3): n/a-n/a.
dc.identifier.issn2169-9313
dc.identifier.issn2169-9356
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/154427
dc.description.abstractWe present a high‐resolution numerical model of the thermal evolution of the crustal column beneath Long Valley caldera, California, from which >800 km3 rhyolite erupted over the last 2.2 Myr. We examine how randomly emplaced basaltic sills of variable thickness (10, 50, or 100 m) at various depth intervals (10–25 km) and at variable emplacement rates (5–50 m/kyr) gradually heat the crust and lead to a variably mixed crustal lithology (solidified mafic sills and preexisting granitoid). We additionally explore the time scales over which dissolved water (~3 wt%) in a newly emplaced basaltic sill exsolves during crystallization and is transferred to adjacent wall rock that is undergoing partial melting. We employ a finite‐difference‐based technique, with variable spatial (≥1 m to ≥10 km) and temporal (<100 and > 106 years) resolution, that enables dense analysis within and directly adjacent to a newly emplaced sill. Our results show that once ambient crustal temperatures reach ~500–600 °C, subsequent injections of basaltic sills lead to significant partial melting of adjacent wall rock (granitoid and solidified mafic sills) on time scales (101–102 years) that match those of exsolution of H2O‐rich fluid from basaltic sills. Large volumes of fusion (>10%) during fluid‐undersaturated partial melting, combined with the preexisting occurrence of aplite dikes, facilitates the development of melt‐filled fractures that exceed the critical length for self‐propagation. The advection of wall‐rock partial melts (with a combined mantle‐derived and crustal geochemical signature) to shallower depths will alter both the thermal and compositional profile of the middle‐upper crust.Key PointsA new high‐resolution numerical thermal model is presented, operating over broad spatial (≥1 m to ≥10 km) and temporal scales (<100 to >106 years)The time scale over which H2O‐rich fluid exsolves from a crystallizing basaltic sill matches that for transient heating of adjacent wall rockOnce ambient crust is ~600 °C, large melt fractions in wall rock (granitoid and mafic sills) adjacent to new basaltic sills may form and advect
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherpartial melting
dc.subject.otherhigh‐resolution
dc.subject.othermagma emplacement
dc.subject.otherthermal modeling
dc.subject.othercrustal evolution
dc.titleHigh‐Resolution Numerical Modeling of Heat and Volatile Transfer from Basalt to Wall Rock: Application to the Crustal Column beneath Long Valley Caldera, CA
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelGeological Sciences
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScience
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154427/1/jgrb54059_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154427/2/jgrb54059.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2018JB016773
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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