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Tissue‐specific regulation of cytochrome c by post‐translational modifications: respiration, the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and apoptosis
dc.contributor.authorKalpage, Hasini A.
dc.contributor.authorBazylianska, Viktoriia
dc.contributor.authorRecanati, Maurice A.
dc.contributor.authorFite, Alemu
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Jenney
dc.contributor.authorWan, Junmei
dc.contributor.authorMantena, Nikhil
dc.contributor.authorMalek, Moh H.
dc.contributor.authorPodgorski, Izabela
dc.contributor.authorHeath, Elizabeth I.
dc.contributor.authorVaishnav, Asmita
dc.contributor.authorEdwards, Brian F.
dc.contributor.authorGrossman, Lawrence I.
dc.contributor.authorSanderson, Thomas H.
dc.contributor.authorLee, Icksoo
dc.contributor.authorHuttemann, Maik
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-17T18:34:08Z
dc.date.available2020-03-17T18:34:08Z
dc.date.issued2019-02
dc.identifier.citationKalpage, Hasini A.; Bazylianska, Viktoriia; Recanati, Maurice A.; Fite, Alemu; Liu, Jenney; Wan, Junmei; Mantena, Nikhil; Malek, Moh H.; Podgorski, Izabela; Heath, Elizabeth I.; Vaishnav, Asmita; Edwards, Brian F.; Grossman, Lawrence I.; Sanderson, Thomas H.; Lee, Icksoo; Huttemann, Maik (2019). "Tissue‐specific regulation of cytochrome c by post‐translational modifications: respiration, the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and apoptosis." The FASEB Journal 33(2): 1540-1553.
dc.identifier.issn0892-6638
dc.identifier.issn1530-6860
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/154496
dc.description.abstractCytochrome c (Cytc) plays a vital role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). In addition, it is a key regulator of apoptosis. Cytc has multiple other functions including ROS production and scavenging, cardiolipin peroxidation, and mitochondrial protein import. Cytc is tightly regulated by allosteric mechanisms, tissue‐specific isoforms, and post‐translational modifications (PTMs). Distinct residues of Cytc are modified by PTMs, primarily phosphorylations, in a highly tissue‐specific manner. These modifications downregulate mitochondrial ETC flux and adjust the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), to minimize reactive oxygen species (ROS) production under normal conditions. In pathologic and acute stress conditions, such as ischemia–reperfusion, phosphorylations are lost, leading to maximum ETC flux, ΔΨm hyperpolarization, excessive ROS generation, and the release of Cytc. It is also the dephosphorylated form of the protein that leads to maximum caspase activation. We discuss the complex regulation of Cytc and propose that it is a central regulatory step of the mammalian ETC that can be rate limiting in normal conditions. This regulation is important because it maintains optimal intermediate ΔΨm, limiting ROS generation. We examine the role of Cytc PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, nitration, nitrosylation, and sulfoxidation and consider their potential biological significance by evaluating their stoichiometry.—Kalpage, H. A., Bazylianska, V., Recanati, M. A., Fite, A., Liu, J., Wan, J., Mantena, N., Malek, M. H., Podgorski, I., Heath, E. I., Vaishnav, A., Edwards, B. F., Grossman, L. I., Sanderson, T. H., Lee, I., Hüttemann, M. Tissue‐specific regulation of cytochrome c by post‐translational modifications: respiration, the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and apoptosis. FASEB J. 33, 1540–1553 (2019). www.fasebj.org
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.publisherFederation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
dc.subject.otherphosphorylation
dc.subject.othersignal transduction
dc.subject.otherreactive oxygen species
dc.subject.otherelectron transport chain
dc.subject.otherischemia-reperfusion
dc.titleTissue‐specific regulation of cytochrome c by post‐translational modifications: respiration, the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and apoptosis
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelBiology
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScience
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154496/1/fsb2fj201801417r.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1096/fj.201801417R
dc.identifier.sourceThe FASEB Journal
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