Adaptation of employees to mandated integration of microcomputers in the workplace.

Abstract

This study investigated the adaptation of individuals employed in a large corporation to the mandated integration of microcomputers into the workplace. Literature on organizational theory, knowledge utilization, diffusion of innovation and technological innovation provided a foundation for the study. A case study technique was used in gathering data. Twelve subjects, six active and six passive computer users, were chosen for observation and interviewing. Research questions dealt with how and why individuals adapted to changing work environments and factors associated with their willingness to integrate the computer into their work routine. It was found that active computer users were younger, had more education and had been with the corporation less years than the passive computer users. Active users expressed confidence they would achieve a more prestigious position and using the computer was one step toward achieving this goal; while the passive users expressed a desire to remain in the present job "until retirement"--often several years away. The active users were eager, success oriented employees who worked long hours to learn how to use the computer and who made new paths for others to follow. The passive computer users sought to maintain status quo or even discredit the innovation while exhibiting fear of job loss and stress. For active users, the microcomputer was used to actually change the nature of their jobs and to achieve success in implementing goals expressed by high level management. Passive individuals, however, used the computer minimally, as mandated, not to change their job but to increase efficiency of existing jobs. The data suggests that there are specific times during an individual's career when they are more likely to see relative advantage to the adoption of innovation and would, therefore, be more open to innovation. Corporate leaders are encouraged to create a supportive environment during planned change to help reduce stress and to investigate existing reward structures in order to enhance the employees' relative advantage of adoption.