View Item 

Show simple item record

25 years of psychology research on the “strong black woman”
dc.contributor.authorThomas, Zharia
dc.contributor.authorBanks, Jasmine
dc.contributor.authorEaton, Asia A.
dc.contributor.authorWard, L. Monique
dc.date.accessioned2022-09-26T16:01:17Z
dc.date.available2023-10-26 12:01:16en
dc.date.available2022-09-26T16:01:17Z
dc.date.issued2022-09
dc.identifier.citationThomas, Zharia; Banks, Jasmine; Eaton, Asia A.; Ward, L. Monique (2022). "25 years of psychology research on the “strong black woman”." Social and Personality Psychology Compass 16(9): n/a-n/a.
dc.identifier.issn1751-9004
dc.identifier.issn1751-9004
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/174761
dc.description.abstractThe Strong Black woman (SBW) schema refers to the U.S. cultural gender role expectation of Black women as resilient despite adversity, selfless, and serving as caretakers and providers. Previous scholars have examined the nature, origins, and consequences of this schema, including the ways in which Black women navigate the SBW in their workplaces, communities, and relationships. Overall, research frames the schema as a paradox, noting that endorsing the SBW can compromise Black women’s health while simultaneously encouraging resilience. In this review, we aim to provide a descriptive and holistic analysis for understanding gaps in the literature, as well as providing suggestions for the future. Using a scoping review, we examine the current state of social science knowledge about the SBW, focusing on its character, socialization practices, and consequences for Black women’s physical and mental health. We end by discussing directions for future research on the SBW schema.
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
dc.subject.otherstrong black woman
dc.subject.othermental health
dc.subject.otherphysical health
dc.subject.otherschema
dc.subject.otherscoping review
dc.subject.otherstereotype
dc.title25 years of psychology research on the “strong black woman”
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPsychology
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174761/1/spc312705_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174761/2/spc312705.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/spc3.12705
dc.identifier.sourceSocial and Personality Psychology Compass
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRamirez, J., Oshin, L., & Milan, S. ( 2017 ). Imagining her future: Diversity in mothers’ socialization goals for their adolescent daughters. Journal of Cross‐Cultural Psychology, 48 ( 4 ), 593 – 610. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0022022117696802
dc.identifier.citedreferenceReynolds‐Dobbs, W., Thomas, K. M., & Harrison, M. S. ( 2008 ). From mammy to superwoman: Images that hinder Black women’s career development. Journal of Career Development, 35 ( 2 ), 129 – 150. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0894845308325645
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRomero, R. E. ( 2000 ). The icon of the strong Black woman: The paradox of strength. In L. C. Jackson & B. Greene (Eds.), Psychotherapy with African American women: Innovations in psychodynamic perspective and practice (pp. 225 – 238 ). The Guilford Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRosette, A. S., & Livingston, R. W. ( 2012 ). Failure is not an option for Black women: Effects of organizational performance on leaders with single versus dual‐subordinate identities. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48 ( 5 ), 1162 – 1167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.05.002
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSchreiber, R., Stern, P. N., & Wilson, C. ( 2000 ). Being strong: How black West‐Indian Canadian women manage depression and its stigma. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 32 ( 1 ), 39 – 45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547‐5069.2000.00039.x
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSculos, B. W. ( 2017 ). Who’s afraid of ‘toxic masculinity. Class, Race and Corporate Power, 5 ( 3 ), 1 – 5. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/classracecorporatepower/vol5/iss3/6
dc.identifier.citedreferenceShambley‐Ebron, D., Dole, D., & Karikari, A. ( 2016 ). Cultural preparation for womanhood in urban African American girls: Growing strong women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 27 ( 1 ), 25 – 32. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F1043659614531792
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSheffield‐Abdullah, K. M., & Woods‐Giscombé, C. L. ( 2021 ). Perceptions of superwoman schema and stress among African American women with pre‐diabetes. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35 ( 1 ), 88 – 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2020.09.011
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSpates, K., Evans, N. T. M., Watts, B. C., Abubakar, N., & James, T. ( 2020 ). Keeping ourselves sane: A qualitative exploration of black women’s coping strategies for gendered racism. Sex Roles, 82 ( 9 ), 513 – 524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199‐019‐01077‐1
dc.identifier.citedreferenceStanton, A. G., Jerald, M. C., Ward, L. M., & Avery, L. R. ( 2017 ). Social media contributions to strong Black woman ideal endorsement and Black women’s mental health. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 41 ( 4 ), 465 – 478. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0361684317732330
dc.identifier.citedreferenceThomas, A. J., Witherspoon, K. M., & Speight, S. L. ( 2004 ). Toward the development of the stereotypic roles for Black women scale. Journal of Black Psychology, 30 ( 3 ), 426 – 442. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0095798404266061
dc.identifier.citedreferenceThomas, K. A. ( 2006 ). Gender role development in African Americans: The impact of the “strong black woman” stereotype. Unpublished masters thesis, University of Michigan.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceThompson, C. P. ( 2003 ). Strong black woman scale: Construction and validation. Georgia State University.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWatson, N. N., & Hunter, C. D. ( 2015 ). Anxiety and depression among African American women: The costs of strength and negative attitudes toward psychological help‐seeking. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21 ( 4 ), 604 – 612. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/cdp0000015
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWatson‐Singleton, N. N. ( 2017 ). Strong Black woman schema and psychological distress: The mediating role of perceived emotional support. Journal of Black Psychology, 43 ( 8 ), 778 – 788. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0095798417732414
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWest, C. ( 2018 ). Mammy, Sapphire, Jezebel, and the bad girls of reality television: Media representations of Black women. In J. Chrisler, & C. Golden (Eds.), Lectures on the psychology of women ( 5th ed., pp. 139 – 158 ). Waveland Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWest, L. M., Donovan, R. A., & Daniel, A. R. ( 2016 ). The price of strength: Black college women’s perspectives on the strong Black woman stereotype. Women & Therapy, 39 ( 3–4 ), 390 – 412. https://doi.org/10.1080/02703149.2016.1116871
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWhite, D. G. ( 1999 ). Ar’n’t I a woman?: Female slaves in the plantation South. WW Norton & Company.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWilkins, A. C. ( 2012 ). Becoming Black women: Intimate stories and intersectional identities. Social Psychology Quarterly, 75 ( 2 ), 173 – 196. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0190272512440106
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWoods‐Giscombé, C. L. ( 2010 ). Superwoman schema: African American women’s views on stress, strength, and health. Qualitative Health Research, 20 ( 5 ), 668 – 683. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732310361892
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWoods‐Giscombe, C. L., Allen, A. M., Black, A. R., Steed, T. C., Li, Y., & Lackey, C. ( 2019 ). The Giscombe superwoman schema questionnaire: Psychometric properties and associations with mental health and health behaviors in African American women. Issues in mental health nursing. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2019.1584654
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWoods‐Giscombé, C. L., & Black, A. R. ( 2010 ). Mind‐body interventions to reduce risk for health disparities related to stress and strength among african American women: The potential of mindfulness‐based stress reduction, loving‐kindness, and the NTU therapeutic framework. Complementary Health Practice Review, 15 ( 3 ), 115 – 131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533210110386776
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWoods‐Giscombe, C. L., Lobel, M., Zimmer, C., Brooks, J., Sheffield‐Abdullah, K., Bey, G., Bravo, L., Lackey, C., Smith, R., Frazier, T., & Muhirwa, A. ( 2021 ). Use of food to cope with culturally relevant stressful life events is associated with body mass index in african American women. Nursing Research, 70 ( 5S ), S53 – S62. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0000000000000532
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWyatt, J. ( 2008 ). Patricia Hill Collins’s Black sexual politics and the genealogy of the strong Black woman. Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 9 ( 1 ), 52 – 67. https://doi.org/10.1080/15240650701759516
dc.identifier.citedreferenceZounlome, N. O., Wong, Y. J., Klann, E. M., David, J. L., & Stephens, N. J. ( 2019 ). ‘No one… saves Black girls’: Black University women’s understanding of sexual violence. The Counseling Psychologist, 47 ( 6 ), 873 – 908. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0011000019893654
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAbrams, J. A., Belgrave, F. Z., Maxwell, M., & Pope, M. ( 2014 ). Carrying the world with the grace of a lady and the grit of a warrior: Deepening our understanding of the “strong Black woman” schema. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38 ( 4 ), 503 – 518. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684314541418
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAbrams, J. A., Hill, A., & Maxwell, M. ( 2019 ). Underneath the mask of the strong Black woman schema: Disentangling influences of strength and self‐silencing on depressive symptoms among US Black women. Sex Roles, 80 ( 9 ), 517 – 526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199‐018‐0956‐y
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAdebayo, C. T., Parcell, E. S., Mkandawire‐Valhmu, L., & Olukotun, O. ( 2021 ). African American women’s maternal healthcare experiences: A critical race theory perspective. Health Communication, 37 ( 9 ), 1 – 12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.1888453
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAllen, A. M., Wang, Y., Chae, D. H., Price, M. M., Powell, W., Steed, T. C., Rose Black, A., Dhabhar, F. S., Marquez‐Magaña, L., & Woods‐Giscombé, C. L. ( 2019 ). Racial discrimination, the superwoman schema, and allostatic load: Exploring an integrative stress‐coping model among African American women. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1457 ( 1 ), 104 – 127. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14188
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAmankwaa, L. C. ( 2003 ). Postpartum depression among African‐American women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 24 ( 3 ), 297 – 316. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840305283
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAnyiwo, N., Ward, L. M., Day Fletcher, K., & Rowley, S. ( 2018 ). Black adolescents’ television usage and endorsement of mainstream gender roles and the strong Black woman schema. Journal of Black Psychology, 44 ( 4 ), 371 – 397. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0095798418771818
dc.identifier.citedreferenceArksey, H., & O’Malley, L. ( 2005 ). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8 ( 1 ), 19 – 32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAvery, L. R., Stanton, A. G., Ward, L. M., Trinh, S. L., Cole, E. R., & Jerald, M. C. ( 2022 ). The strong, silent (gender) type: The strong Black woman ideal, self‐silencing, and sexual assertiveness in Black college women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51 ( 3 ), 1 – 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508‐021‐02179‐2
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBaker, T. A., Buchanan, N. T., Mingo, C. A., Roker, R., & Brown, C. S. ( 2015 ). Reconceptualizing successful aging among Black women and the relevance of the strong Black woman archetype. The Gerontologist, 55 ( 1 ), 51 – 57. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnu105
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBeauboeuf‐Lafontant, T. ( 2003 ). Strong and large black women? Exploring relationships between deviant womanhood and weight. Gender & Society, 17 ( 1 ), 111 – 121. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0891243202238981
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBeauboeuf‐Lafontant, T. ( 2005 ). Keeping up appearances, getting fed up: The embodiment of strength among African American women. Meridians: feminism, race, transnationalism, 5 ( 2 ), 104 – 123. https://doi.org/10.1353/mer.2005.0003
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBeauboeuf‐Lafontant, T. ( 2007 ). You have to show strength: An exploration of gender, race, and depression. Gender & Society, 21 ( 1 ), 28 – 51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243206294108
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBellinger, J. D., Millegan, W., & Abdalla, A. E. ( 2015 ). I’m not ashamed to talk about it!: African‐American women’s decisions about cervical cancer prevention and control in South Carolina. Women’s Health Issues, 25 ( 2 ), 120 – 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2014.10.006
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBlack, A. R., & Peacock, N. ( 2011 ). Pleasing the masses: Messages for daily life management in African American women’s popular media sources. American Journal of Public Health, 101 ( 1 ), 144 – 150. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2009.167817
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBlack, A. R., & Woods‐Giscombé, C. ( 2012 ). Applying the stress and “strength” hypothesis to black women’s breast cancer screening delays. Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress, 28 ( 5 ), 389 – 396. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2464
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCalder, K. K., Herbert, M., & Henderson, S. O. ( 2005 ). The mortality of untreated pulmonary embolism in emergency department patients. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 45 ( 3 ), 302 – 310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.10.001
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCapodilupo, C. M., Nadal, K. L., Corman, L., Hamit, S., Lyons, O. B., & Weinberg, A. ( 2010 ). The manifestation of gender microaggressions. In D. W. Sue (Ed.), Microaggressions and marginality: Manifestation, dynamics, and impact (pp. 193 – 216 ). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCarter, L., & Rossi, A. ( 2019 ). Embodying strength: The origin, representations, and socialization of the strong Black woman ideal and its effect on Black women’s mental health. Women & Therapy, 42 ( 3–4 ), 289 – 300. https://doi.org/10.1080/02703149.2019.1622911
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCollins, P. H. ( 2000 ). Gender, Black feminism, and Black political economy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 568 ( 1 ), 41 – 53. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F000271620056800105
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCorbin, N. A., Smith, W. A., & Garcia, J. R. ( 2018 ). Trapped between justified anger and being the strong Black woman: Black college women coping with racial battle fatigue at historically and predominantly White institutions. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 31 ( 7 ), 626 – 643. https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2018.1468045
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCrago, M., Shisslak, C. M., & Estes, L. S. ( 1996 ). Eating disturbances among American minority groups: A review. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 19 ( 3 ), 239 – 248. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098‐108X(199604)19:3<239.AID‐EAT2>3.0.CO;2‐N
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDaniel, J. H. ( 1995 ). The discourse on Thomas v. Hill: A resource for perspectives on the black woman and sexual trauma. Journal of Feminist Family Therapy, 7 ( 1–2 ), 103 – 117. https://doi.org/10.1300/J086v07n01_10
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDavis, A. W., Levant, R. F., & Pryor, S. ( 2018 ). Traditional femininity versus strong Black women ideologies and stress among Black women. Journal of Black Studies, 49 ( 8 ), 820 – 841. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0021934718799016
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDavis, S. M. ( 2015 ). The “strong black woman collective”: A developing theoretical framework for understanding collective communication practices of black women. Women’s Studies in Communication, 38 ( 1 ), 20 – 35. https://doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2014.953714
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDavis, S. M., & Afifi, T. D. ( 2019 ). The strong Black woman collective theory: Determining the prosocial functions of strength regulation in groups of Black women friends. Journal of Communication, 69 ( 1 ), 1 – 25. https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqy065
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDavis, S. M., & Jones, M. K. ( 2021 ). Black women at war: A comprehensive framework for research on the strong black woman. Women’s Studies in Communication, 44 ( 3 ), 301 – 322. https://doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2020.1838020
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDonovan, R. A., & West, L. M. ( 2015 ). Stress and mental health: Moderating role of the strong Black woman stereotype. Journal of Black Psychology, 41 ( 4 ), 384 – 396. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798414543014
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDow, D. M. ( 2015 ). Negotiating “the welfare queen” and “the strong Black woman”: African American middle‐class mothers’ work and family perspectives. Sociological Perspectives, 58 ( 1 ), 36 – 55. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731121414556546
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEaton, A. A., Visser, P. S., Krosnick, J. A., & Anand, S. ( 2009 ). Social power and attitude strength over the life course. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35 ( 12 ), 1646 – 1660. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0146167209349114
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFugate, M., Landis, L., Riordan, K., Naureckas, S., & Engel, B. ( 2005 ). Barriers to domestic violence help seeking: Implications for intervention. Violence Against Women, 11 ( 3 ), 290 – 310. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F1077801204271959
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGeyton, T., Johnson, N., & Ross, K. ( 2020 ). ‘I’m good’: Examining the internalization of the strong Black woman archetype. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 32, 1 – 16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2020.1844838
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGiannino, S. S., & China, C. R. ( 2018 ). A critical look at certainty adverbs and the essentializing discourse of Black female identity in the reality television show, girlfriend Intervention. Howard Journal of Communications, 29 ( 1 ), 18 – 32. https://doi.org/10.1080/10646175.2017.1315691
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGillum, T. L. ( 2009 ). Improving services to African American survivors of IPV: From the voices of recipients of culturally specific services. Violence Against Women, 15 ( 1 ), 57 – 80. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F1077801208328375
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGraham, R., & Clarke, V. ( 2021 ). Staying strong: Exploring experiences of managing emotional distress for African Caribbean women living in the UK. Feminism & Psychology, 31 ( 1 ), 140 – 159. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0959353520964672
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGreen, B. N. ( 2019 ). Strong like my mama: The legacy of “strength, ” depression, and suicidality in African American women. Women & Therapy, 42 ( 3–4 ), 265 – 288. https://doi.org/10.1080/02703149.2019.1622909
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHall, J. C., Conner, K. O., & Jones, K. ( 2021 ). The strong black woman versus mental health utilization: A qualitative study. Health & Social Work, 46 ( 1 ), 33 – 41. https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlaa036
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHall, J. C., Everett, J. E., & Hamilton‐Mason, J. ( 2012 ). Black women talk about workplace stress and how they cope. Journal of Black Studies, 43 ( 2 ), 207 – 226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934711413272
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHamin, D. A. ( 2008 ). Strong Black woman cultural construct: Revision and validation. https://doi.org/10.57709/1059921
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHarrington, E. F., Crowther, J. H., & Shipherd, J. C. ( 2010 ). Trauma, binge eating, and the “strong black woman”. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78 ( 4 ), 469 – 479. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019174
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHelgeson, V. S., & Fritz, H. L. ( 1998 ). A theory of unmitigated communion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2 ( 3 ), 173 – 183. https://doi.org/10.1207/2Fs15327957pspr0203_2
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHerrera, R. S., & DelCampo, R. L. ( 1995 ). Beyond the superwoman syndrome: Work satisfaction and family functioning among working‐class, Mexican‐American women. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 17 ( 1 ), 49 – 60. https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863950171003
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHuddleston‐Mattai, B. ( 1995 ). The black female academician and the “superwoman syndrome”. Race, Gender & Class, 49 – 64. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41675346
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJerald, M. C., Cole, E. R., Ward, L. M., & Avery, L. R. ( 2017 ). Controlling images: How awareness of group stereotypes affects Black women’s well‐being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 64 ( 5 ), 487 – 499. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/cou0000233
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJerald, M. C., Ward, L. M., Moss, L., Thomas, K., & Fletcher, K. D. ( 2017 ). Subordinates, sex objects, or sapphires? Investigating contributions of media use to black students’ femininity ideologies and stereotypes about black women. Journal of Black Psychology, 43 ( 6 ), 608 – 635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798416665967
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJones, H. J., Norwood, C. R., & Bankston, K. ( 2019 ). Leveraging community engagement to develop culturally tailored stress management interventions in midlife Black women. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57 ( 3 ), 32 – 38. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695‐20180925‐01
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJones, M. K., Harris, K. J., & Reynolds, A. A. ( 2021 ). In their own words: The meaning of the strong Black woman schema among Black US college women. Sex Roles, 84 ( 5 ), 347 – 359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199‐020‐01170‐w
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJones, M. K., Hill‐Jarrett, T. G., Latimer, K., Reynolds, A., Garrett, N., Harris, I., Joseph, S., & Jones, A. ( 2021 ). The role of coping in the relationship between endorsement of the strong Black woman schema and depressive symptoms among black women. Journal of Black Psychology, 47 ( 7 ), 578 – 592. https://doi.org/10.1177/00957984211021229
dc.identifier.citedreferenceKelly, L. C., Spencer, C. M., Stith, S. M., & Beliard, C. ( 2020 ). I’m Black, i’m strong, and i need help”: Toxic Black femininity and intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 12 ( 1 ), 54 – 63. https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.12358
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLanza, S. T., & Rhoades, B. L. ( 2013 ). Latent class analysis: An alternative perspective on subgroup analysis in prevention and treatment. Prevention Science: The Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 14 ( 2 ), 157 – 168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121‐011‐0201‐1
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLeath, S., Jones, M. K., & Butler‐Barnes, S. ( 2021 ). An examination of ACEs, the internalization of the superwoman schema, and mental health outcomes among Black adult women. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 23 ( 3 ), 1 – 17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2021.1989113
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLewis, J. A., & Neville, H. A. ( 2015 ). Construction and initial validation of the gendered racial microaggressions scale for Black women. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62 ( 2 ), 289 – 302. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000062
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLiao, K. Y. H., Wei, M., & Yin, M. ( 2020 ). The misunderstood schema of the strong Black woman: Exploring its mental health consequences and coping responses among African American women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 44 ( 1 ), 84 – 104. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0361684319883198
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLucea, M. B., Stockman, J. K., Mana‐Ay, M., Bertrand, D., Callwood, G. B., Coverston, C. R., Campbell, D. W., & Campbell, J. C. ( 2013 ). Factors influencing resource use by African American and African Caribbean women disclosing intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 28 ( 8 ), 1617 – 1641. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0886260512468326
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMandler, G. ( 1982 ). The structure of value: Accounting for taste" in affect and cognition. In M. S. Clark & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), (pp. 3 – 36 ). Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMays, V. M., & Cochran, S. D. ( 2001 ). Mental health correlates of perceived discrimination among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults in the United States. American journal of public health, 91 ( 11 ), 1869 – 1876. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.91.11.1869
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMcLaurin‐Jones, T. L., Anderson, A. S., Marshall, V. J., Lashley, M. B., & Carter‐Nolan, P. L. ( 2021 ). Superwomen and sleep: An assessment of black college women across the African Diaspora. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 28 ( 1 ), 130 – 139. https://doi.org/10.1007/2Fs12529‐020‐09930‐4
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMehta, C. M., Arnett, J. J., Palmer, C. G., & Nelson, L. J. ( 2020 ). Established adulthood: A new conception of ages 30 to 45. American Psychologist, 75 ( 4 ), 431 – 444. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/amp0000600
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMiles, A. L. ( 2019 ). Strong black women”: African American women with disabilities, intersecting identities, and inequality. Gender & Society, 33 ( 1 ), 41 – 63. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243218814820
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMorrison, K. E., Luchok, K. J., Richter, D. L., & Parra‐Medina, D. ( 2006 ). Factors influencing help‐seeking from informal networks among African American victims of intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21 ( 11 ), 1493 – 1511. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0886260506293484
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNelson, T., Cardemil, E. V., & Adeoye, C. T. ( 2016 ). Rethinking strength: Black women’s perceptions of the “strong Black woman” Role. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40 ( 4 ), 551 – 563. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0361684316646716
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNelson, T., Cardemil, E. V., Overstreet, N. M., Hunter, C. D., & Woods‐Giscombe, C. L. ( 2022 ). Association between superwoman schema, depression, and resilience: The mediating role of social isolation and gendered racial centrality. In Cultural diversity and ethnic minority psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000533
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNelson, T., Shahid, N. N., & Cardemil, E. V. ( 2020 ). Do I really need to go and see somebody? Black women’s perceptions of help‐seeking for depression. Journal of Black Psychology, 46 ( 4 ), 263 – 286. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F0095798420931644
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNicolaidis, C., Timmons, V., Thomas, M. J., Waters, A. S., Wahab, S., Mejia, A., & Mitchell, S. R. ( 2010 ). You don’t go tell white people nothing": African American women’s perspectives on the influence of violence and race on depression and depression care. American Journal of Public Health, 100 ( 8 ), 1470 – 1476. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.161950
dc.identifier.citedreferenceOshin, L. A., & Milan, S. ( 2019 ). My strong, Black daughter: Racial/ethnic differences in the attributes mothers value for their daughters. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 25 ( 2 ), 179 – 187. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/cdp0000206
dc.identifier.citedreferenceParks, L. F., Davis, R., & Cohen, L. ( 2010 ). Changing community environments to prevent sexual violence: The Spectrum of Prevention. The Prevention Institute.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePostmus, J. L., Severson, M., Berry, M., & Yoo, J. A. ( 2009 ). Women’s experiences of violence and seeking help. Violence Against Women, 15 ( 7 ), 852 – 868. https://doi.org/10.1177/2F1077801209334445
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRandolph, L. B. ( 1997 ). Strong black woman syndrome (p. 24 ). Ebony.
dc.working.doiNOen
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Name:
spc312705_am.pdf
Size:
927.0KB
Format:
PDF
View/Open
Name:
spc312705.pdf
Size:
479.2KB
Format:
PDF
View/Open

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe its collections in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in them. We encourage you to Contact Us anonymously if you encounter harmful or problematic language in catalog records or finding aids. More information about our policies and practices is available at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.