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The biogeography and evolution of land ownership
dc.contributor.authorHaynie, Hannah J.
dc.contributor.authorKushnick, Geoff
dc.contributor.authorKavanagh, Patrick H.
dc.contributor.authorEmber, Carol R.
dc.contributor.authorBowern, Claire
dc.contributor.authorLow, Bobbi S.
dc.contributor.authorTuff, Ty
dc.contributor.authorVilela, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorKirby, Kathryn R.
dc.contributor.authorBotero, Carlos A.
dc.contributor.authorGavin, Michael C.
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-01T20:48:52Z
dc.date.available2024-07-01 16:48:50en
dc.date.available2023-06-01T20:48:52Z
dc.date.issued2023-06
dc.identifier.citationHaynie, Hannah J.; Kushnick, Geoff; Kavanagh, Patrick H.; Ember, Carol R.; Bowern, Claire; Low, Bobbi S.; Tuff, Ty; Vilela, Bruno; Kirby, Kathryn R.; Botero, Carlos A.; Gavin, Michael C. (2023). "The biogeography and evolution of land ownership." Journal of Biogeography (6): 1129-1138.
dc.identifier.issn0305-0270
dc.identifier.issn1365-2699
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/176830
dc.description.abstractAimLand ownership norms are well documented and play a central role in social–ecological systems. Yet only recently has the spatial and temporal distribution of land ownership been examined using biogeographical and evolutionary approaches. We incorporate biogeographical and evolutionary modelling to test associations between land ownership and environmental, subsistence and cultural contact predictors.LocationAfrica.TaxonBantu and Bantoid ethnolinguistic groups (73 societies).MethodsBased on ethnographies for 73 societies, we coded land ownership norms as none, group, kin or individual. We paired these data with language phylogenies, and measured phylogenetic and geographical signal and modelled alternative evolutionary trajectories using maximum likelihood methods. We tested the influence of environmental, subsistence and cultural predictors on spatial variation in land ownership, using a multi-model inference approach based on logistic regression.ResultsBantu land ownership norms likely evolved on a unilinear trajectory (i.e. societies progress or regress along a series of ownership types), but not one requiring consistent increase in exclusivity (i.e. restrictions towards ownership by smaller groups) as suggested by prior theory. Our biogeographical analyses suggest land ownership is more likely where neighbours also own land and resource productivity is predictable. Reliance on agriculture has relatively small effect sizes and low importance in the model.Main ConclusionsWe find support for multiple evolutionary pathways. Lack of resolution may be due to localized horizontal transfer of norms consistent with the influence of neighbours we find from biogeographical analyses. We cannot rule out other untested mechanisms. Although long-standing theories propose links between subsistence practices and land ownership, our results suggest subsistence plays only a modest role. Our results also support resource defensibility theory (i.e. land ownership is more likely where environmental productivity is predictable). Overall, we demonstrate the value of combining analytical approaches from evolution and biogeography to test hypotheses on the spatial and temporal variation of human cultural traits.
dc.publisherAldine Publishing Group
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherevolution
dc.subject.otherhuman societies
dc.subject.otherland ownership
dc.subject.otherresource defensibility
dc.subject.otherunilinear trajectory
dc.subject.otherbiogeography
dc.subject.otherenvironmental productivity
dc.subject.otherBantu
dc.titleThe biogeography and evolution of land ownership
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelGeography and Maps
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelSocial Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/176830/1/jbi14603_am.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/176830/2/jbi14603.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/jbi.14603
dc.identifier.sourceJournal of Biogeography
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