Show simple item record

Heritage as liberation

dc.contributor.authorFryer, Tiffany C.
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-01T20:51:04Z
dc.date.available2024-07-01 16:51:03en
dc.date.available2023-06-01T20:51:04Z
dc.date.issued2023-06
dc.identifier.citationFryer, Tiffany C. (2023). "Heritage as liberation." American Anthropologist 125(2): 420-434.
dc.identifier.issn0002-7294
dc.identifier.issn1548-1433
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/176873
dc.description.abstractWhy aren’t archaeologists engaging in more substantive heritage work, and how might we do so? This article offers a conceptual framework for mobilizing our praxis toward the achievement of collective emancipation—what I am calling heritage as liberation. Heritage as liberation provides a mechanism for reckoning. It asks us to reevaluate our motivations and more clearly articulate what we stand for as archaeologists and heritage practitioners. I offer reflections on recent attempts by archaeologists to organize toward a just future, sketch what I think a practice of heritage as liberation offers that agenda, and then analyze the Equal Justice Initiative’s (EJI) heritage work as an example of what is possible when we practice heritage as liberation. I close the article with thoughts on where archaeology stands in attempts to repair and redress past wrongs and on the range of contexts that might see an emancipatory heritage praxis enacted.Resumen¿Por qué los arqueólogos no se están involucrando en trabajo más sustancioso de patrimonio, y cómo pudiéramos hacerlo? Este artículo ofrece un marco conceptual para movilizar nuestra praxis hacia el logro de la emancipación colectiva –lo que llamo patrimonio como liberación–. El patrimonio como liberación provee un mecanismo de confrontación. Nos llama a reevaluar nuestras motivaciones y más claramente a articular lo que representamos como arqueólogos o profesionales del patrimonio. Ofrezco reflexiones sobre intentos recientes por arqueólogos para organizarse hacia un futuro justo; delineo lo que pienso que una práctica de patrimonio como liberación ofrece esa agenda, y luego analizo la Iniciativa de Justicia Igualitaria (EJI) de trabajo patrimonial como un ejemplo de lo que es posible cuando practicamos patrimonio como liberación. Cierro el artículo con pensamientos sobre dónde la arqueología está en relación con intentos de reparar y recorregir los errores pasados y el rango de contextos en que podría verse puesta en práctica una táctica de patrimonio emancipatorio. [teoría arqueológica, patrimonio, liberación, praxis, Iniciativa de Justicia Igualitaria]
dc.publisherUniversity Park: Penn State Press
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherEqual Justice Initiative
dc.subject.otherarchaeological theory
dc.subject.otherheritage
dc.subject.otherliberation
dc.subject.otherpraxis
dc.titleHeritage as liberation
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelAnthropology
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelSocial Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/176873/1/aman13844.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/176873/2/aman13844_am.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/aman.13844
dc.identifier.sourceAmerican Anthropologist
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSavage, Kirk. 2018. Standing Soldiers, Kneeling Slaves: Race, War, and Monument in Nineteenth-Century America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSmith, Laurajane, and Gary Campbell. 2018. “ It’s Not All About Archaeology.” Antiquity 92 ( 362 ): 521 – 22.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSmith, Linda Tuhiwai. 2012. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Second edition. London: Zed Books
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSociety of Black Archaeologists. 2020. “ Archaeology in the Time of #BlackLivesMatter: Featuring Maria Franklin, Justin Dunnavant, Ayana Flewellen, Alexandra Jones, Alicia Odewale, and Tsione Wolde-Michael.” Webinar co-hosted by Theoretical Archaeology Group (North America) and Columbia University Center for Archaeology, 2020. https://vimeo.com/433155008.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSteeves, Paulette. 2021. The Indigenous Paleolithic of the Western Hemisphere. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSterling, Kathleen. 2015. “ Black Feminist Theory in Prehistory.” Archaeologies 11 ( 1 ): 93 – 120.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceStull, Donald D., and Jean J. Schensul, eds. 2019. Collaborative Research and Social Change: Applied Anthropology in Action. London: Routledge.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSunseri, Jun. 2019. “ Risk in the Tshimbupfe–Berkeley Collaborative Archaeology Partnership as Engaged Scholarship.” In Transforming Heritage Practice in the 21st Century: Contributions from Community Archaeology, edited by John H. Jameson and Sergiu Musteaţă, 59 – 68. Cham: Springer.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceThomas, Deborah A. 2019. Political Life in the Wake of the Plantation: Sovereignty, Witnessing, Repair. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTrimm, Ryan. 2018. “ Heritage as Trope: Conceptual Etymologies and Alternative Trajectories.” International Journal of Heritage Studies 24 ( 5 ): 465 – 76.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTringham, Ruth. 2018. “ A Plea for a Richer, Fuller and More Complex Future Archaeology.” Norwegian Archaeological Review 51 ( 1–2 ): 57 – 63.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTuck, Eve, and K. Wayne Yang. 2014. “ R-Words: Refusing Research.” In Humanizing Research: Decolonizing Qualitative Inquiry with Youth and Communities, edited by Django Paris and Maisha T. Winn, 223 – 47. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWarry, Wayne. 1992. “ The Eleventh Thesis: Applied Anthropology as Praxis.” Human Organization 51 ( 2 ): 155 – 63.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWaterton, Emma. 2010. Politics, Policy and the Discourses of Heritage in Britain. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWaterton, Emma, and Laurajane Smith, eds. 2009. Taking Archaeology Out of Heritage. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholar Pub.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWeheliye, Alexander G. 2014. Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWells, Jeremy. 2017. “ What Is Critical Heritage Studies and How Does It Incorporate the Discipline of History? ” Lived Heritage Studies blog, June 28. https://heritagestudies.org/index.php/2017/06/28/what-is-critical-heritage-studies-and-how-does-it-incorporate-the-discipline-of-history/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWhite, William, and Catherine Draycott. 2020. “ Why the Whiteness of Archaeology Is a Problem.” SAPIENS, 17 July. https://www.sapiens.org/archaeology/archaeology-diversity/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWyatt-Brown, Bertram. 2001. The Shaping of Southern Culture: Honor, Grace, and War, 1760s–1890s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWylie, Alison. 2015. “ A Plurality of Pluralisms: Collaborative Practice in Archaeology.” In Objectivity in Science: New Perspectives from Science and Technology Studies, edited by Flavia Padovani, Ala Richardson, and Jonathan Y. Tsou, 189 – 210. New York: Springer.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWynter, Sylvia. 2003. “ Unsettling the Coloniality of Being/Power/Truth/Freedom: Towards the Human, after Man, Its Overrepresentation—An Argument.” CR: The New Centennial Review 3 ( 3 ): 257 – 337.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceZimmerman, Larry. 2018. “ Changing Archaeology’s ‘Brand’ Would Be Helpful.” Antiquity 92 ( 362 ): 523 – 24.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAbbey, Ruth, ed. 2013. Feminist Interpretations of John Rawls. University Park: Penn State Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAden, Roger C. 2010. “ Redefining the ‘Cradle of Liberty’: The President’s House Controversy in Independence National Historical Park.” Rhetoric & Public Affairs 13 ( 2 ): 251 – 79.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAhmed, Sara. 2017. Living a Feminist Life. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceAl Quntar, Salam. 2017. “ Repatriation and the Legacy of Colonialism in the Middle East.” Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies 5 ( 1 ): 19 – 26.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceArchaeology Centers Coalition. 2021. “ About.” https://archaeologycoalition.org/about/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBahrani, Zainab. 1998. “ Conjuring Mesopotamia: Imaginative Geography and a World Past.” In Archaeology under Fire: Nationalism, Politics, and Heritage in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East, edited by Lynn Meskell, 159 – 74. London: Routledge.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBauer, Alexander A. 2021. “ Itineraries, Iconoclasm, and the Pragmatics of Heritage.” Journal of Social Archaeology 21 ( 1 ): 3 – 27.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBeliso-De Jesús, Aisha M., and Jemima Pierre. 2020. “ Special Section: Anthropology of White Supremacy.” American Anthropologist 122 ( 1 ): 65 – 75.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBerlin, Isaiah. 1970. “ Two Concepts of Liberty.” In Liberty Reader, edited by David Miller, 33 – 58. New York: Routledge.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBlakey, Michael L. 2020. “ Archaeology under the Blinding Light of Race.” Current Anthropology 61 ( S22 ): S183 – 97.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBrumann, Christoph. 2014. “ Heritage Agnosticism: A Third Path for the Study of Cultural Heritage.” Social Anthropology 22 ( 2 ): 173 – 88.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceColwell, Chip. 2016. “ Collaborative Archaeologies and Descendant Communities.” Annual Review of Anthropology 45: 113 – 27.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceColwell, Chip. 2017. Plundered Skulls and Stolen Spirits: Inside the Fight to Reclaim Native America’s Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceColwell, Chip. 2019. “ Can Repatriation Heal the Wounds of History? ” The Public Historian 41 ( 1 ): 90 – 110.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceColwell, Chip, and Thomas J. Ferguson, eds. 2008. Collaboration in Archaeological Practice: Engaging Descendant Communities. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCombahee River Collective. 1982. “ Combahee River Collective Statement.” In All the Women Are White, All the Blacks Are Men, but Some of Us Are Brave: Black Women’s Studies, edited by Gloria T. Hull, Patricia Bell Scott, and Barbara Smith, 13 – 22. New York: Feminist Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCrooke, Elizabeth M. 2010. “ The Politics of Community Heritage: Motivations, Authority, and Control.” International Journal of Heritage Studies 16 ( 1–2 ): 16 – 29.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDavis, Julie L. 2013. Survival Schools: The American Indian Movement and Community Education in the Twin Cities. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDe Cesari, Chiara. 2010. “ Creative Heritage: Palestinian Heritage NGOs and Defiant Arts of Government.” American Anthropologist 112 ( 4 ): 625 – 37.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceDurrani, Mariam. 2016. “ The Private and the Public.” Member Voices, Fieldsights, December 8. https://culanth.org/fieldsights/the-private-and-the-public.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEnnser-Kananen, Johanna. 2016. “ A Pedagogy of Pain: New Directions for World Language Education.” The Modern Language Journal 100 ( 2 ): 556 – 64.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEqual Justice Initiative. 2016. “A Community Remembrance Project.” http://eji.org/community-remembrance-project.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEqual Justice Initiative. 2017. “ Lynching in America: Confronting the Legacy of Racial Terror.” https://eji.org/reports/lynching-in-america/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEqual Justice Initiative. 2018a. “ Segregation in America.” https://segregationinamerica.eji.org/iconography.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEqual Justice Initiative. 2018b. “Slavery in America: The Montgomery Slave Trade.” https://eji.org/reports/slavery-in-america/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEqual Justice Initiative. 2020. “Reconstruction in America: Racial Violence after the Civil War, 1865–1876.” https://eji.org/report/reconstruction-in-america/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEstes, Nick. 2019. Our History Is the Future: Standing Rock versus the Dakota Access Pipeline, and the Long Tradition of Indigenous Resistance. London: Verso.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFlewellen, Ayana Omilade. 2017. “ Locating Marginalized Historical Narratives at Kingsley Plantation.” Historical Archaeology 51 ( 1 ): 71 – 87.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFlewellen, Ayana Omilade, Justin P. Dunnavant, Alicia Odewale, Alexandra Jones, Tsione Wolde-Michael, Zoë Crossland, and Maria Franklin. 2021. “ ‘The Future of Archaeology Is Antiracist’: Archaeology in the Time of Black Lives Matter.” American Antiquity 86 ( 2 ): 224 – 43.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFranklin, Maria, Justin P. Dunnavant, Ayana Omilade Flewellen, and Alicia Odewale. 2020. “ The Future Is Now: Archaeology and the Eradication of Anti-Blackness.” International Journal of Historical Archaeology 24: 753 – 66.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFryer, Tiffany C. 2020. “ Reflecting on Positionality: Archaeological Heritage Praxis in Quintana Roo, Mexico.” AP3A 31 ( 1 ): 26 – 40.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFryer, Tiffany C., La Vaughn Belle, Nicholas Galanin, Dell Upton, and Tsione Wolde-Michael. 2021. “ As the Statues Fall: An (Abridged) Conversation about Monuments and the Power of Memory.” Current Anthropology 62 ( 3 ): 373 – 84.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFryer, Tiffany C., and Teresa Raczek. 2020. “ Introduction: Toward an Engaged Feminist Heritage Praxis.” AP3A 31: 7 – 25.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGeertz, Clifford. 1973. The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. New York: Basic Books.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGnecco, Cristóbal, and Carolina Hernández. 2008. “ History and Its Discontents.” Current Anthropology 49 ( 3 ): 439 – 66.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGolding, Vivien, and Wayne Modest, eds. 2013. Museums and Communities: Curators, Collections, and Collaboration. London: Bloomsbury.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGonzález-Tennant, Edward. 2018. The Rosewood Massacre: An Archaeology and History of Intersectional Violence. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHaakanson, Sven, Jr., Holly Barker, and Sara L. Gonzalez. 2021. “ Changing Museum Narratives: A Conversation with Culture Curators at the Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture.” In The Routledge Handbook of the Archaeology of Indigenous-Colonial Interaction in the Americas, edited by Lee M. Panich and Sara L. Gonzalez, 524 – 41. London: Routledge.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceHartemann, Gabby Omoni. 2021. “ Unearthing Colonial Violence: Griotic Archaeology and Community-Engagement in Guiana.” International Journal of Historical Archaeology 26: 79 – 117.
dc.identifier.citedreferencehooks, bell. 1994. Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom. New York: Routledge.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJackson, John L., Jr. 2013. Thin Description: Ethnography and the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceJoyce, Rosemary A. 2002. The Languages of Archaeology: Dialogue, Narrative, and Writing. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceKing, Joyce. 2006. “ ‘If Justice Is Our Objective’: Diaspora Literacy, Heritage Knowledge, and the Praxis of Critical Studyin’ for Human Freedom.” Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education 105 ( 2 ): 337 – 60.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceKohl, Philip L. 1995. Nationalism, Politics, and the Practice of Archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLa Roche, Cheryl Janifer, and Michael L. Blakey. 1997. “ Seizing Intellectual Power: The Dialogue at the New York African Burial Ground.” Historical Archaeology 31 ( 3 ): 84 – 106.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLafrenz Samuels, Kathryn. 2018. Mobilizing Heritage: Anthropological Practice and Transnational Prospects. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLane, Melissa. 2017. “ A New Professional Ethics for Sustainable Prosperity.” CUSP Essay Series on the Morality of Sustainable Prosperity, No 1. Guildford: Centre for the Understanding of Sustainable Prosperity.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLekson, Stephen. 2018. A Study of Southwestern Archaeology. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLiebmann, Matthew, and Uzma Z. Rizvi, eds. 2008. Archaeology and the Postcolonial Critique. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceLogan, William Stewart. 2012. “ Cultural Diversity, Cultural Heritage and Human Rights: Towards Heritage Management as Human Rights-Based Cultural Practice.” International Journal of Heritage Studies 18 ( 3 ): 231 – 44.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMacKinnon, Catharine A. 2016. “ Substantive Equality Revisited: A Reply to Sandra Fredman.” IJCLAW 14 ( 3 ): 739 – 46.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMahaney, W. C., C. C. R. Allen, P. Pentlavalli, A. Kulakova, J. M. Young, R. W. Dirszowsky, A. West, et al. 2017. “ Biostratigraphic Evidence Relating to the Age-Old Question of Hannibal’s Invasion of Italy, II: Chemical Biomarkers and Microbial Signatures.” Archaeometry 59 ( 1 ): 179 – 90.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMeskell, Lynn. 2015. “ Introduction: Globalizing Heritage.” In Global Heritage: A Reader, edited by Lynn Meskell, 1 – 21. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMickel, Allison and Kyle Olson. 2021. “ Archaeologists Should Be Activists Too.” Sapiens, July 27. https://www.sapiens.org/archaeology/archaeology-activists/.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMills, Charles W. 2017. Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMoore, Emily. 2010. “ Propatriation: Possibilities for Art after NAGPRA.” Museum Anthropology 33 ( 2 ): 125 – 36.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceNash, Stephen E., and Chip Colwell. 2020. “ NAGPRA at 30: The Effects of Repatriation.” Annual Review of Anthropology 49 ( 1 ): 225 – 39.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceOrtiz, Aimee. 2019. “ Emmett Till Memorial Has a New Sign: This Time, It’s Bulletproof.” The New York Times, October 20. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/20/us/emmett-till-bulletproof-sign.html.
dc.identifier.citedreferencePitblado, Bonnie L. 2022. “ On Rehumanizing Pleistocene People of the Western Hemisphere.” American Antiquity 87 ( 2 ): 217 – 35.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRaczek, Teresa P., and Namita S. Sugandhi. 2020. “ Chai and Conversation: Crafting Field Identities and Archaeological Practice in South Asia.” AP3A 31 ( 1 ): 80 – 95.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRawls, John. 1958. “ Justice as Fairness.” The Philosophical Review: 164 – 94.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRawls, John. 1985. “ Justice as Fairness: Political Not Metaphysical.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 14 ( 3 ): 223 – 51.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRinger, Jeffrey M. 2005. “ Liberating ‘Liberatory’ Education, or What Do We Mean by ‘Liberty’ Anyway? ” Jac 25 ( 4 ): 761 – 82.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRizvi, Uzma Z. 2020. “ Heritage Practice: The Politics of Racism/Gender/Sexuality.” AP3A 31 ( 1 ): 155 – 60.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRoller, Michael. 2018. An Archaeology of Structural Violence: Life in a Twentieth-Century Coal Town. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSilliman, Stephen W., ed. 2008. Collaborating at the Trowel’s Edge: Teaching and Learning in Indigenous Archaeology. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSmith, Laurajane. 2006. Uses of Heritage. London: Routledge.
dc.working.doiNOen
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.