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A mixed-methods assessment of off-duty police shootings in a media-curated database
dc.contributor.authorAsabor, Emmanuella Ngozi
dc.contributor.authorLett, Elle
dc.contributor.authorMosely, Brein
dc.contributor.authorBoone, Cheriko A.
dc.contributor.authorSundaresan, Saahil
dc.contributor.authorWong, Tian An
dc.contributor.authorMajumder, Maimuna S.
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-14T13:53:34Z
dc.date.available2024-09-14 09:53:33en
dc.date.available2023-07-14T13:53:34Z
dc.date.issued2023-08
dc.identifier.citationAsabor, Emmanuella Ngozi; Lett, Elle; Mosely, Brein; Boone, Cheriko A.; Sundaresan, Saahil; Wong, Tian An; Majumder, Maimuna S. (2023). "A mixed-methods assessment of off-duty police shootings in a media-curated database." Health Services Research 58: 207-217.
dc.identifier.issn0017-9124
dc.identifier.issn1475-6773
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/177188
dc.description.abstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine rates of killings perpetrated by off-duty police and news coverage of those killings, by victim race and gender, and to qualitatively evaluate the contexts in which those killings occur.Data Sources and Study SettingWe used the Mapping Police Violence database to curate a dataset of killings perpetrated by off-duty police (2013–2021, N = 242). We obtained data from Media Cloud to assess news coverage of each off-duty police-perpetrated killing.Study DesignOur study used a convergent mixed-methods design. We examined off-duty police-perpetrated killings by victim race and gender, comparing absolute rates and rates relative to total police-perpetrated killings. [Correction added on 26 June 2023, after first online publication: ‘policy-perpetrated’ has been changed to ‘police-perpetrated’ in the preceding sentence.] We also conducted race-gender comparisons of the frequency of news media reporting of these killings, and whether reporting identified the perpetrator as an off-duty officer. We conducted thematic analysis of the narrative free-text field that accompanied quantitative data using grounded theory.Principal FindingsBlack men were the most frequent victims killed by off-duty police (39.3%) followed by white men (25.2%), Hispanic men (11.2%), white women (9.1%), men of unknown race (9.1%), and Black women (4.1%). Black women had the highest rate of off-duty/total police-perpetrated killings relative to white men (rate = 12.82%, RR = 8.32, 95% CI: 4.43–15.63). There were threefold higher odds of news reporting of a police-perpetrated killing and the off-duty status of the officer for incidents with Black and Hispanic victims. Qualitative analysis revealed that off-duty officers intervened violently within their own social networks; their presence escalated situations; they intentionally obscured information about their lethal violence; they intervened while impaired; their victims were often in crisis; and their intervention posed harm and potential secondary traumatization to witnesses.ConclusionsPolice perpetrate lethal violence while off duty, compromising public health and safety. Additionally, off-duty police-perpetrated killings are reported differentially by the news media depending on the race of the victim.
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd
dc.publisherWiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.subject.otherintimate partner violence
dc.subject.otherpolice violence
dc.subject.otherintersectionality
dc.subject.othermedia studies
dc.subject.otherracism
dc.titleA mixed-methods assessment of off-duty police shootings in a media-curated database
dc.typeArticle
dc.rights.robotsIndexNoFollow
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPublic Health
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciences
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Reviewed
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/177188/1/hesr14170.pdf
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/177188/2/hesr14170_am.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/1475-6773.14170
dc.identifier.sourceHealth Services Research
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dc.working.doiNOen
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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