First Responses To Beech Leaf Disease in Michigan

Abstract

This report is intended to provide information that will aid in the management of beech leaf disease (BLD), a novel forest disease affecting American beech trees (Fagus grandifolia). The first section provides background information about American beech and BLD, including identification and current distribution. In this section, we summarize what is currently known about BLD while emphasizing major existing knowledge gaps. We also discuss the ecosystem services and economic value that American beech provide, demonstrating the negative consequences of their potential widespread loss. Finally, the first section presents a risk assessment for BLD in Michigan, examining the distribution of American beech habitat and BLD-suitable climatic zones. The second section provides an overview of management strategies for BLD, including prevention, detection, reporting, monitoring, treatment, and educational outreach. Because BLD is a novel disease, much remains unknown about which management practices are most effective. Therefore, we have presented a combination of practices that are 1) generally applicable for forest pest or pathogen management, 2) the current best practice given what is known about BLD, or 3) currently under development. In the third section of the report, we summarize a pilot study conducted in the summer of 2023. This was included to demonstrate the implementation and use of long-term monitoring plots, and to provide an overview of the current status of BLD in Michigan. We conclude with a discussion of stakeholder needs, identifying areas where additional work and knowledge is needed.