Disparities in Perceived Disciplinary Knowledge Among New Doctoral Students

Abstract

Purpose –The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are differences in beginning doctoral students’ perceptions of the disciplinary knowledge needed to be successful in doctoral education and identify pre-doctoral characteristics and experiences that explain these differences. Design/methodology/approach – This study relied on survey data of first-year PhD students enrolled at a large, research-intensive university. Survey responses were matched to institutional information, missing data were imputed, and responses were weighted to account for groups’ differential probabilities of being included in the analytical sample. The authors used regression analysis to examine the relationship between students’ background characteristics, anticipatory socialization experiences, academic performance, and perceived levels of disciplinary knowledge. Findings – Study findings indicated significant differences in doctoral students’ perceived levels of disciplinary knowledge. Students who identify as female or URM had significantly lower levels of perceived disciplinary knowledge than students who identify as male or non-URM. Additionally, several anticipatory socialization experiences were significantly and positively related to perceived disciplinary knowledge. Originality/value – While there is evidence that doctoral students start graduate school with varying identities and experiences, little is known about how students perceive their abilities and knowledge. This study found that students differ in their self-assessment of disciplinary knowledge as they embark on doctoral work, with implications for academic identity development and student success.