How is Automation Reshaping Worker Well-Being in United States Supply Chains?

Abstract

As automation is reshaping the U.S. automotive and manufacturing industries, there are rising concerns about the impact on jobs and employees’ well-being. Previous research has looked at the general perception of automation within single nodes of the supply chain and has not considered the firsthand accounts of employees' experiences in the automotive and manufacturing industries specifically. This study investigates the effects of workplace automation on job satisfaction, productivity, and safety in automated environments, as well as employee concerns about the future implementation of automation technologies in non-automated environments. Results show that automation improves these outcomes, more significantly when paired with upskilling and adequate training. However, more experienced employees reported weaker positive effects. In non-automated companies, employees expressed concerns, primarily around job loss and the cost of capital. Overall, findings suggest a positive trajectory for automation in manufacturing and automotive industries, with growing acceptance expected as the workforce evolves.